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Eric W. Weisstein conjectured , and McKay et al . ( 2004 ) proved , that the same numbers count the ( 0 @,@ 1 ) matrices for which all eigenvalues are positive real numbers . The proof is bijective : a matrix A is an adjacency matrix of a DAG if and only if A + I is a ( 0 @,@ 1 ) matrix with all eigenvalues positive ,... | 57891ea54cfbd9e87cf2668f942d8a79 | 28,101 |
= = = Related families of graphs = = =
| 3b7c6c11247cd0f13c74465c6d0950ae | 28,103 |
A polytree is a directed graph formed by orienting the edges of a free tree . Every polytree is a DAG . In particular , this is true of the arborescences formed by directing all edges outwards from the roots of a tree .
| b20e1003cf9eb19ff36119bafa46b27f | 28,105 |
A multitree ( also called a strongly unambiguous graph or a mangrove ) is a directed graph in which there is at most one directed path ( in either direction ) between any two vertices ; equivalently , it is a DAG in which , for every vertex v , the subgraph reachable from v forms a tree .
| 824003d41c9df43bbc8b253c4bcefcd6 | 28,106 |
= = Computational problems = =
| 2f4442d536814027e5e5065cff4c6993 | 28,108 |
= = = Topological sorting and recognition = = =
| 5440d1ba98a34ba4b41339ba1ba7229f | 28,111 |
Topological sorting is the algorithmic problem of finding a topological ordering of a given DAG . It can be solved in linear time . Kahn 's algorithm for topological sorting builds the vertex ordering directly . It maintains a list of vertices that have no incoming edges from other vertices that have not already been ... | f71de553350a51a80ae6f6272a2406e8 | 28,113 |
It is also possible to check whether a given directed graph is a DAG in linear time , either by attempting to find a topological ordering and then testing for each edge whether the resulting ordering is valid or alternatively , for some topological sorting algorithms , by verifying that the algorithm successfully orde... | 652b795f0072a4b4e0d54b0dd97ca79f | 28,114 |
= = = Construction from cyclic graphs = = =
| 98df3fd5075d24277d867550959b9bbd | 28,116 |
Any undirected graph may be made into a DAG by choosing a total order for its vertices and directing every edge from the earlier endpoint in the order to the later endpoint . The resulting orientation of the edges is called an acyclic orientation . Different total orders may lead to the same acyclic orientation , so a... | c83a2e1ef6595e459893cbf5e4aa7545 | 28,118 |
Any directed graph may be made into a DAG by removing a feedback vertex set or a feedback arc set , a set of vertices or edges ( respectively ) that touches all cycles . However , the smallest such set is NP @-@ hard to find . An arbitrary directed graph may also be transformed into a DAG , called its condensation , b... | a995517a052ac34b93ab343c9aa0949e | 28,119 |
= = = Transitive closure and transitive reduction = = =
| 5ee44a7bcfd8e8333df099653980e6d4 | 28,121 |
The transitive closure of a given DAG , with n vertices and m edges , may be constructed in time O ( mn ) by using either breadth @-@ first search or depth @-@ first search to test reachability from each vertex . Alternatively , it can be solved in time O ( nω ) where ω < 2 @.@ 373 is the exponent for fast matrix mult... | ad67441edb06f7a1460d1427a1c9e140 | 28,123 |
In all of these transitive closure algorithms , it is possible to distinguish pairs of vertices that are reachable by at least one path of length two or more from pairs that can only be connected by a length @-@ one path . The transitive reduction consists of the edges that form length @-@ one paths that are the only ... | abeed644e55e0d61cc8df3a20a7519fd | 28,124 |
= = = Closure problem = = =
| 40a17a1c0ca3d62217dbbdd85aa3ba09 | 28,126 |
The closure problem takes as input a directed acyclic graph with weights on its vertices and seeks the minimum ( or maximum ) weight of a closure , a set of vertices with no outgoing edges . ( The problem may be formulated for directed graphs without the assumption of acyclicity , but with no greater generality , beca... | 34014aed33c1dddc916a71583f6ec8fd | 28,128 |
= = = Path algorithms = = =
| 2157c7981536a3eaba4dbf785d72fb85 | 28,130 |
Some algorithms become simpler when used on DAGs instead of general graphs , based on the principle of topological ordering . For example , it is possible to find shortest paths and longest paths from a given starting vertex in DAGs in linear time by processing the vertices in a topological order , and calculating the... | b87be190f57c7253fa3d15a55b6dd624 | 28,132 |
= = Applications = =
| c0e0bedbcbecea5c5cafcbcb5ba54d8a | 28,134 |
= = = Scheduling = = =
| a7a82f1ff4e0d82a8abd821685585c41 | 28,137 |
Directed acyclic graphs representations of partial orderings have many applications in scheduling for systems of tasks with ordering constraints . An important class of problems of this type concern collections of objects that need to be updated , such as the cells of a spreadsheet after one of the cells has been chan... | 992bf3b2a9d1e62c8f2b4b48b42b2eae | 28,139 |
For instance , when one cell of a spreadsheet changes , it is necessary to recalculate the values of other cells that depend directly or indirectly on the changed cell . For this problem , the tasks to be scheduled are the recalculations of the values of individual cells of the spreadsheet . Dependencies arise when an... | c71bf1ef476219f2a4f7da9c5e2b4595 | 28,140 |
A somewhat different DAG @-@ based formulation of scheduling constraints is used by the program evaluation and review technique ( PERT ) , a method for management of large human projects that was one of the first applications of DAGs . In this method , the vertices of a DAG represent milestones of a project rather tha... | 7f9978be86193d65001ab36ac20a7a8c | 28,141 |
= = = Data processing networks = = =
| a0fd7ac00e026b4159c6f65edfd35b15 | 28,143 |
A directed acyclic graph may be used to represent a network of processing elements . In this representation , data enters a processing element through its incoming edges and leaves the element through its outgoing edges .
| cfb37a74c80ccae9ed187340dbeaf5bc | 28,145 |
For instance , in electronic circuit design , static combinational logic blocks can be represented as an acyclic system of logic gates that computes a function of an input , where the input and output of the function are represented as individual bits . In general , the output of these blocks cannot be used as the inp... | f25418f7ca8404a72b95dc89e51abc4e | 28,146 |
Dataflow programming languages describe systems of operations on data streams , and the connections between the outputs of some operations and the inputs of others . These languages can be convenient for describing repetitive data processing tasks , in which the same acyclically @-@ connected collection of operations ... | 2cae73c423f33512e6cc943b19fc0221 | 28,147 |
In compilers , straight line code ( that is , sequences of statements without loops or conditional branches ) may be represented by a DAG describing the inputs and outputs of each of the arithmetic operations performed within the code . This representation allows the compiler to perform common subexpression eliminatio... | ec3c45defd737f30e0f5b5362926cf09 | 28,148 |
= = = Causal structures = = =
| 6e2585ce38dd42caa0f8fb0b1dffebdd | 28,150 |
Graphs that have vertices representing events , and edges representing causal relations between events , are often acyclic – arranging the vertices in linear order of time , all arrows point in the same direction as time , from parent to child ( due to causality affecting the future , not the past ) , and thus have no... | 5721b72d517bab54f638fda783c09c1a | 28,152 |
For instance , a Bayesian network represents a system of probabilistic events as vertices in a directed acyclic graph , in which the likelihood of an event may be calculated from the likelihoods of its predecessors in the DAG . In this context , the moral graph of a DAG is the undirected graph created by adding an ( u... | f6c47414820dadda80c50bf134722d61 | 28,153 |
Another type of graph with a similar causal structure is an influence diagram , the vertices of which represent either decisions to be made or unknown information , and the edges of which represent causal influences from one vertex to another . In epidemiology , for instance , these diagrams are often used to estimate... | 891b4111e8bee58b9a8e5edd7cdc586c | 28,154 |
= = = Genealogy and version history = = =
| 39f36e7ac5d00a98b68540e4c54b3724 | 28,156 |
Family trees may be seen as directed acyclic graphs , with a vertex for each family member and an edge for each parent @-@ child relationship . Despite the name , these graphs are not necessarily trees because of the possibility of marriages between relatives ( so a child has a common ancestor on both the mother 's an... | c85f5db5915bf6ba5c84fdcc41ca1bad | 28,158 |
For the same reason , the version history of a distributed revision control system generally has the structure of a directed acyclic graph , in which there is a vertex for each revision and an edge connecting pairs of revisions that were directly derived from each other . These are not trees in general due to merges .... | 84d3fb1044c9fcafd5986822caeadd27 | 28,159 |
In many randomized algorithms in computational geometry , the algorithm maintains a history DAG representing the version history of a geometric structure over the course of a sequence of changes to the structure . For instance in a randomized incremental algorithm for Delaunay triangulation , the triangulation changes... | f790011f60e7e70d00e4796c1b1d0af8 | 28,160 |
= = = Data compression = = =
| 53975b834049a74126f8a4bb8a5c837d | 28,162 |
Directed acyclic graphs may also be used as a compact representation of a collection of sequences . In this type of application , one finds a DAG in which the paths form the given sequences . When many of the sequences share the same subsequences , these shared subsequences can be represented by a shared part of the D... | 619f550b47942d68a956c9e2cf851378 | 28,164 |
The same idea of using a DAG to represent a family of paths occurs in the binary decision diagram , a DAG @-@ based data structure for representing binary functions . In a binary decision diagram , each non @-@ sink vertex is labeled by the name of a binary variable , and each sink and each edge is labeled by a 0 or 1... | d9b3dd5c295285ab5007a6e7c9857772 | 28,165 |
= August ( Fringe ) =
| b136020ab39a92d5405a20ec6a48bbab | 28,168 |
" August " is the eighth episode of the American science fiction drama television series Fringe 's second season . The episode was co @-@ written by J. H. Wyman and Jeff Pinkner , and directed by Dennis Smith . The episode marked the first prominent appearance of more than one Observer , and follows the events that oc... | aa3b33b735aaf50a9702a4fb4d33c40d | 28,170 |
The episode first aired on November 19 , 2009 in the United States to mostly positive reviews , with many critics praising the new revelations about the Observers . An estimated 5 @.@ 746 million viewers watched the episode on its first broadcast .
| 5fda4631743f82acb9cdb09b868d2a8a | 28,171 |
= = Plot = =
| 7a5625aae35b14ae7adf319ca468714f | 28,173 |
An Observer , " August " ( Peter Woodward ) abducts Christine Hollis ( Jennifer Missoni ) , a 27 @-@ year @-@ old art student in Boston . Olivia Dunham ( Anna Torv ) and Peter Bishop ( Joshua Jackson ) learn of the events and realize the assailant matches the description of the Observer . However , after viewing video... | 90e5bb4661a231210acdad8a27a977ff | 28,175 |
At Massive Dynamic , Brandon ( Ryan McDonald ) theorizes to the team that Observers are time travelers , as they have been documented during several major events in history . They write in an incomprehensible language , and the number of Observer sightings has increased over the past few months , leaving the team wond... | 016ef74f5bcfe06a609433a72c2269d7 | 28,176 |
The team are later made aware of Christine 's location at a motel outside the city . However , Donald is on the trail also . August attempts to stop him , but Donald shoots him several times , before Peter and Olivia arrive to kill the assassin . September picks up August and while driving , September asks August why ... | c42a180d5b701acdcf698a50cfbebcd7 | 28,177 |
= = Production = =
| faaebcbbaf42e685bce2a1bbbaaad33b | 28,179 |
" August " was co @-@ written by co @-@ showrunners J. H. Wyman and Jeff Pinkner , while being directed by NCIS veteran Dennis Smith . They began shooting the episode during the second half of September 2009 , right after wrapping production on " Of Human Action " . Supervising producer Josh Singer later noted how " A... | e2991f7c896cb906c9913b64b51cf28a | 28,181 |
Up to the point the episode " August " aired , only one character that was part of a group known as " Observers " had been introduced . In this episode , two more such individuals were revealed : August ( played by Peter Woodward ) and December ( played by Eugene Lipinski ) . The creation of Observers was one of the f... | a962ce00ffbe124f59e6feec0f0ca074 | 28,182 |
Before the second season premiere aired in September 2009 , co @-@ creator J.R. Orci hinted that the audience was going to meet " many Observers " , and that in the season 's eighth episode , " You 're going to find out their role in the world , what they 're named after , and their connection to some of these charact... | 88cb49cb0bbcb6e3d7a29d28818a2693 | 28,183 |
Actress Anna Torv stated in an interview with MTV News that " August " was one of her favorite episodes because " We sort of get to meet the Observers . At the moment what we know about them , they ... seemingly just observe . That 's kind of it , but [ in ] the episode that we have coming up , we 're not sure if all ... | f109b0b715551a0d60d50c9cbe412fd2 | 28,184 |
= = Reception = =
| f8d79e3fcb54590ed5efe8209a7826d9 | 28,186 |
= = = Ratings = = =
| d6d54ad1f9d8a6873fe82ec3cd4a669d | 28,189 |
" August " premiered to an estimated 5 @.@ 746 million viewers in the United States , with a 2 @.@ 0 rating . The episode was down 9 % from the previous week 's episode " Of Human Action " , which had a rating of 2 @.@ 2 .
| 730f7c3c54e5324a5ce8a82a5f05ce40 | 28,191 |
= = = Reviews = = =
| 2a7a85f1867342a563d17514f7da0d9d | 28,193 |
MTV 's Josh Wigler thought the episode was " a touching , sad tale with a healthy mix of mythological advancement , " and couldn 't wait for more episodes about the Observers . Ramsey Isler of IGN gave the episode 7 @.@ 6 / 10 , writing that despite the hype , the episode was " just plain average " . He did however ap... | 842012d9364ef2a323088a611882ce61 | 28,195 |
= Ghost in the Shell ( 1995 film ) =
| 6a99740c22bf034d0cda5da882eb1b7f | 28,198 |
Ghost in the Shell , known in Japan as Mobile Armored Riot Police : Ghost In The Shell ( 攻殻機動隊 GHOST IN THE SHELL , Kōkaku Kidōtai Gōsuto In Za Sheru ) , is a 1995 science fiction anime film based on manga of the same title by Masamune Shirow . The film was written by Kazunori Itō , directed by Mamoru Oshii , animated... | e4ce8a4727ea8daae6ec62baacee279a | 28,200 |
Ghost in the Shell follows the hunt by the public @-@ security agency Section 9 for a mysterious hacker known as the Puppet Master . With the assistance of her team , Motoko Kusanagi tracks and finds their suspect , only to be drawn into a complex sequence of political intrigue and a cover @-@ up as to the identity an... | 4fb1920af007f4d7c63db591fe3a3dee | 28,201 |
The overarching philosophical themes of the film include self @-@ identity in a technologically advanced world . The music , composed by Kenji Kawai , included an ancient Japanese language in a wedding song that serves as a key piece of music leading up to the climax of the movie . Widely considered one of the greates... | d9dacd1fd6b3f0bc10d77b4ce6eefb3f | 28,202 |
In 2004 , Oshii directed Ghost in the Shell 2 : Innocence , billed as a separate work and not a true sequel . In 2008 , Oshii released an updated version of the original film , Ghost in the Shell 2 @.@ 0 , that features new audio and updated 3D animation . A live @-@ action Hollywood Ghost in the Shell remake is sched... | db2f0f6fa5779de18e454e53a3a35257 | 28,203 |
= = Plot = =
| 7a5625aae35b14ae7adf319ca468714f | 28,205 |
In 2029 , the world is interconnected by a vast electronic network that permeates every aspect of life . Much of humanity has access to this network through cybernetic bodies , or " shells " , which possess their consciousness and can give them superhuman abilities .
| 9bacb8922c7706ca71e23bff41d3047c | 28,207 |
Major Motoko Kusanagi , an assault @-@ team leader for the Public Security Section 9 , is assigned to capture an elusive hacker known as the Puppet Master . Her team , Batou and Ishikawa , use triangulation to seek out the Puppet Master . Their suspect is a garbageman who believes he is using a program obtained from a... | d60235c3172269428a3182816e92571d | 28,208 |
A facility is hacked and programmed to assemble a female cybernetic body . The body escapes but is hit by a truck ; Section 9 investigates and examines the body , which seems to have a human " ghost " inside — perhaps the Puppet Master himself . Officials from rival agency Section 6 visit Section 9 and explain that th... | e8e49fd754e1fe755222f919ebbc3cc6 | 28,209 |
The information from the body leads Section 9 to uncover the mysterious Project 2501 . Section 6 claims the project was created to catch the hacker , but it was initiated before his appearance . Section 9 speculates that the project itself created the Puppet Master , who then escaped , and Section 6 now wants him back... | 0c43d09ce5b6a1bcb520fc111e51799c | 28,210 |
The getaway car carrying the Puppet Master meets another , and they split off . Batou stops the first car and realizes it is a decoy . Kusanagi follows the second car to an abandoned building , where she is ambushed by a spider @-@ like armored vehicle . Batou arrives in time to save the badly damaged Kusanagi . With ... | 3778c5bd76a127d222c85137be98e396 | 28,211 |
Batou tries to disconnect the dive , but the Puppet Master ghost @-@ hacks him . Helicopters from Section 6 arrive with orders to destroy everyone inside to cover up Project 2501 . The Puppet Master disrupts their targeting systems . As he starts merging with Kusanagi , snipers blow their heads off , along with Batou ... | ad67f50117e3633099e134a9a148f357 | 28,212 |
Kusanagi wakes up in a child @-@ sized cyborg body in Batou 's safehouse . Batou explains that her original body was destroyed in the fight ; he recovered her head and attached it to the new body . Kusanagi acknowledges she is now neither herself nor the Puppet Master , but a combination of both . Batou says he will a... | eda09383fead86ffd174a10cd873cff9 | 28,213 |
= = Voice cast = =
| 50c15bd3f8c117c6f4aea3f83e2ebc88 | 28,215 |
= = Production = =
| faaebcbbaf42e685bce2a1bbbaaad33b | 28,218 |
= = = Development = = =
| aa83db04aa8cf71dfb56c6568f8d0f19 | 28,221 |
Director Mamoru Oshii stated , " My intuition told me that this story about a futuristic world carried an immediate message for our present world . I am also interested in computers through my own personal experience with them . I had the same feeling about Patlabor and I thought it would be interesting to make a film... | 306c8e312d6c7b50683bad419ea4ee63 | 28,223 |
= = = Design = = =
| 2d1075da4e1965ccd3caf8ea799287e5 | 28,225 |
Hiroyuki Okiura , the character designer and key animation supervisor , designed a more mature and serious Motoko than Masamune Shirow 's original portrayal of the character in the manga . Okiura chose to depict a physically mature person to match Motoko 's mental age , instead of the youthful twenty @-@ something app... | 46d3c9e650ce6af814875676adbfdad5 | 28,227 |
Oshii based the setting for Ghost in the Shell on Hong Kong . Oshii commented that his first thought to find an image of the future setting was an Asian city , but finding a suitable cityscape of the future would be impossible . Oshii chose to use the real streets of Hong Kong as his model . He also said that Hong Kon... | 7ccacdcc537ecbbc460c187bf138d81d | 28,228 |
The Hong Kong setting is alluded to by the scene wherein the characters are drinking San Miguel Beer a cultural staple of the East Asian megalopolis .
| 3254dd788328139495cc8a020f5fc6e4 | 28,229 |
= = = Animation = = =
| 7aedb2c721b2697b87b237b0e0e6d3f7 | 28,231 |
Ghost in the Shell used a novel process called " digitally generated animation " ( DGA ) , which is a combination of cel animation , computer graphics ( CG ) , and audio that is entered as digital data . In 1995 , DGA was thought to be the future of animation , which mixed traditional animation with the emerging use o... | 7b4cccdb6d36360f53977c35d94fbb6a | 28,233 |
The digital cel work included both original illustrations , compositions and manipulation with traditional cel animation to create a sense of depth and evoke emotion and feelings . Utilized as background , filters like a lens effect were used to create a sense of depth and motion , by distorting the front background a... | f47f01af5634081f083c1dc6dd6973c5 | 28,234 |
Some special effects , like Motoko 's " thermo @-@ optical camouflage " , were rendered through the use of TIMA software . The process uses a single illustration and manipulates the image as necessary to produce distortions for effect in combination with a background without altering the original illustration . The ef... | b20bf4941ad864c003f67b948179ce0c | 28,235 |
The opening credits of the film were produced by the CG director , Seichi Tanaka . Tanaka converted code in a computer language displayed in romanized Japanese letters to numbers before inserting them into the computer to generate the credits . The origin of this code is the names of the film 's staff as written in a ... | 33f1a994b2465110b992e84034f4816d | 28,236 |
Animation director Toshihiko Nishikubo was responsible for the realism and strove for accurate depictions of movement and effects . The pursuit of realism included the staff conducting firearms research at a facility in Guam . Nishikubo has highlighted the tank scene as an example of the movie 's realism , noting that... | 0d5655462e774d788d1229b2a9eecffa | 28,237 |
= = = Sound and music = = =
| 5f7ac64219432936c7526c5d9e82f946 | 28,239 |
Ghost in the Shell 's recording was done with a high @-@ end studio to achieve superior sound throughout the film . A spatializer was used to alter the sound , specifically in the electronic brain conversations , to modify the voices .
| 70eb7909c7c8f7f7ef5a81ad5d789ba6 | 28,241 |
Composer Kenji Kawai scored the film . For the main theme , Kawai tried to imagine the setting and convey the essence of that world in the music . He used the ancient Japanese language of Yamato in the opening theme " Making of a Cyborg " . The composition is a mixture of Bulgarian harmony and traditional Japanese not... | fcc70512d098701fad247a7d81527cdf | 28,242 |
= = = Ghost in the Shell 2 @.@ 0 = = =
| f185e87068ee88228daedd5085befb1e | 28,244 |
An updated version of the original film , titled Ghost in the Shell 2 @.@ 0 ( GHOST IN THE SHELL ／ 攻殻機動隊 2 @.@ 0 , Gōsuto in za sheru / Kōkaku kidōtai 2 @.@ 0 ) , was made in celebration for the release of The Sky Crawlers in 2008 . The Ghost in the Shell 2 @.@ 0 release features replacements of the original animation... | 494bd4defd25e5e8018e24899b400477 | 28,246 |
The original soundtrack was also re @-@ arranged and re @-@ recorded . Kenji Kawai remixed the Version 2 @.@ 0 soundtrack in 6 @.@ 1 Channel Surround . Randy Thom of Skywalker Sound reprised his role as sound designer , having worked previously on Ghost in the Shell 2 : Innocence . In the new soundtrack , the Japanese... | 9121a8ab9aff3f9186f1da83904606af | 28,247 |
= = Related media = =
| 054bf57ce74a40f70dbb2c78601e4539 | 28,249 |
Kenji Kawai 's original soundtrack for the film was released on November 22 , 1995 . The last track included Yoshimasa Mizuno 's pop song " See You Everyday " . After the release of Ghost in the Shell 2 @.@ 0 , an updated version of the soundtrack was released on December 17 , 2008 .
| 181715389d840b15013ea6de2292e9c9 | 28,251 |
A Photo @-@ CD of the film was released in Japan on November 20 , 1995 . A spin @-@ off novel written by Endo Akira , titled Ghost in the Shell : Burning City ( 攻殻機動隊灼熱の都市 , Kōkaku kidōtai shakunetsu no toshi ) , was published by Kodansha and released on November 1995 . It was followed by a sequel , titled Ghost in th... | 1c6b191c442d58e989a0aaa45efd2264 | 28,252 |
= = Releases = =
| efce95eb448f21c00c66cee92b15024c | 28,254 |
The film had its world premiere at the Tokyo International Film Festival in October 1995 , before its general release in November . In Japan , the film was released on VHS on April 26 , 1996 . The DVD version was released on 25 February 2004 , and the Blu @-@ ray on 24 August 2007 . A special edition was released in D... | a0f503831d933c011a1abf59b19aba9e | 28,256 |
The " 2 @.@ 0 " version was released in theatres in Tokyo , Osaka , Nagoya , Fukuoka , and Sapporo on July 12 , 2008 . The film was released in DVD and Blu @-@ ray on December 19 , 2008 , in Japan .
| fb7e585fa0179cdbce58bb6de38df83a | 28,257 |
In North America , the film was released on VHS on June 18 , 1996 through Manga Entertainment , and on DVD on March 31 , 1998 by Anchor Bay Entertainment . Manga Entertainment released the film on Blu @-@ ray on 24 November 2009 ; this version contains the original film and the remastering , but omits the audio commen... | 51f84612ac58af4b08e94faead0deb89 | 28,258 |
= = Reception = =
| f8d79e3fcb54590ed5efe8209a7826d9 | 28,260 |
The film was a box office hit when released in Japan and received positive reviews from film critics . It holds a 95 % approval rating on the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes , based on 31 reviews . The website 's critical consensus reads , " A stunning feat of modern animation , Ghost in the Shell offers a t... | 92c9f6f45fd7544b3425bd6ddba7f714 | 28,262 |
Niels Matthijs of Twitch Film praised the film , stating , " Not only is Kokaku Kidotai an essential film in the canon of Japanese animation , together with Kubrick 's 2001 and Tarkovsky 's Solyaris it completes a trio of book adaptations that transcend the popularity of their originals and [ give ] a new meaning to a... | 6c5be855066564459c3c98e36e021532 | 28,263 |
Ghost in the Shell was the first anime video to reach Billboard 's # 1 video slot at the time of its release . The film ranked as the ninth top selling anime DVD movie in 2006 . It ranked 35 on Total Film 's 2010 top list of 50 Animated Films . The film ranked # 4 on Wizards Anime Magazine on their " Top 50 Anime rele... | 77860ce253f49d52bb15d604e9543e3f | 28,264 |
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