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The observatory , officially " Her Majesty 's Magnetical and Meteorological Observatory at Toronto " , was completed the following year . It consisted of two log buildings , one for the magnetic instruments and the other a smaller semi @-@ buried building nearby for " experimental determinations " . The north end of t... | b462b2135f269a675df236e2d8fc1dae | 34,016 |
Using the measurements from the Toronto and Hobart sites , Sabine noticed both short @-@ term fluctuations in magnetic declination over a period of hours , and longer @-@ term variations over months . He quickly concluded that the short term variations were due to the day / night cycle , while the longer term ones wer... | 10d5326b001c556a8b8f99ebb49688e0 | 34,017 |
Sir John Henry Lefroy , a pioneer in the study of terrestrial magnetism served as director of the magnetic observatory from 1842 to 1853 ; In 1960 , the Ontario Heritage Foundation , Ministry of Citizenship and Culture erected a Provincial Military Plaque in his honour on the University of Toronto campus .
| cb50d471b02d35252a90be6796a10752 | 34,018 |
= = Meteorological service = =
| c8005398a47606604505dbdc9b56813a | 34,020 |
In 1853 the Royal Society 's project was concluded , and the observatory was set to be abandoned . After a lengthy debate , the fledgling colonial government decided to take over its operation . Rather than disappearing like its three counterparts , the Toronto observatory was upgraded , and its mission was expanded a... | b7431d9d0b40d869c963277d5878ba6a | 34,022 |
The new building was designed in 1853 by local architect Frederick Cumberland , who was also working on the design of University College , which was being built just north of the Observatory to replace King 's College . The new observatory design called for a stone building , with an attached tower containing the theo... | 5bf6fa79a4db0e78c47dcb90892ad4ef | 34,023 |
During its time as a meteorological station , the observatory collected reports from 312 observation stations in Canada and another 36 in the United States . Each station was equipped with a " Mercurial Barometer , two Thermometers ( a maximum and a minimum Thermometer ) , an Anemometer to measure the velocity of the ... | 20bedcf00396c7716fadc67c20b60409 | 34,024 |
Among its other uses , in 1880 , measurements from the site were used as part of the effort to develop standard time . The observatory remained the official timekeeper for Canada until 1905 , when that responsibility was transferred to Ottawa 's Dominion Observatory . At exactly 11 : 55 am the clocks in Toronto fire h... | a56fb1a5067d9322e5d75047e490f05d | 34,025 |
In 1881 the observatory 's director , Charles Carpmeal , suggested adding a high @-@ quality telescope to the observatory . He felt that direct solar observations would lead to a better understanding of sunspot effects on weather ( as late as 1910 the observatory 's then @-@ director , R. F. Stupart , noted that " sun... | 93765809327b7d48620316502ad8603f | 34,026 |
Funds were provided for the purchase of a 6 @-@ inch ( 150 mm ) refracting telescope from T. Cooke & Sons . The dome was originally designed to mount a small transit , and the lengthy telescope , over 2 metres long , had a limited field of view though the dome 's opening . A large stone pillar was constructed inside t... | e35763425b991fc26f16e1157cf41e15 | 34,027 |
= = Relocation = =
| 7968efc48059b201a5e8f342bada2c3a | 34,029 |
By the 1890s , the observatory had become crowded by the rapidly growing university . Electrification of the tramways along College Street just to the south , and the large quantities of metal used in the modern buildings surrounding the site threw off the instruments . A new magnetic observatory opened in 1898 in Agi... | 6930e96f07e98e99cb0fece3906e4a73 | 34,031 |
By 1907 , new university buildings completely surrounded the observatory ; dust from the construction clogged meteorological instruments , and at night electric lighting made astronomical work impossible . The Meteorological Office decided to abandon the site and move to a new building at the north end of campus on Bl... | 040fa8962be5eee99d042a99be19e5be | 34,032 |
The university assumed ownership of the now @-@ disused observatory building and was originally going to abandon it . Louis Beaufort Stewart , a lecturer in the Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering , campaigned for it to be saved for the Department of Surveying and Geodesy . He eventually arranged for the buildi... | 92c048f5ca63e467b0b2b9fe1a295b01 | 34,033 |
In 1930 the Meteorological Office no longer used the Cooke telescope , and agreed to donate it to the university if they would handle its removal . Both the telescope and the observatory dome were moved to the observatory building . The telescope moved once again in 1952 to the David Dunlap Observatory north of the ci... | e30cf4bf138b53582a4e4b4d286215d7 | 34,034 |
= 1973 Atlantic hurricane season =
| 42065b2d2eecf6105dda27214ca40e44 | 34,037 |
The 1973 Atlantic hurricane season was the first season to use the Saffir – Simpson hurricane scale , a scale developed in 1971 by Herbert Saffir and Robert Simpson to rate the intensity of tropical cyclones . The season produced 24 tropical and subtropical cyclones , of which only 8 reached storm intensity , 4 became... | 41c6a148e7fa62b2c6c38eb4ca484373 | 34,039 |
The season officially began on June 1 , 1973 , and lasted until November 30 , 1973 . These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic basin . However , the first system formed on April 18 , more than a month before the official start . Three more depressions f... | eabc4c64c093338c96ad0af3d3421f2c | 34,040 |
Later in August , Tropical Storm Christine became the easternmost forming tropical cyclone on record when it developed formed over Guinea . The most intense storm of the season was Hurricane Ellen , a Category 3 cyclone that remained over open water . The final named storm was meteorologically significant in that it b... | 54224f786a30e388f0344e839d31f85f | 34,041 |
= = Season summary = =
| 8d539b6fa14cc7d0938c484f43296750 | 34,043 |
The first storm of the 1973 hurricane season , forming in mid @-@ April , developed more than a month before the official start of the season . Several other short @-@ lived , weak depressions formed before and during June ; however , none reached storm intensity . The first named storm , Alice , formed on July 1 . Tr... | fe6888104bb19a5fb88232b12b52d551 | 34,045 |
Later in August , Tropical Storm Christine became the easternmost forming tropical cyclone in the Atlantic basin on record , developing over the western African country of Guinea on August 25 . The system traveled for several thousand miles before dissipating in the eastern Caribbean Sea in early September . At the st... | ef96aa8e0793c6f422fafed7c3984301 | 34,046 |
In late September , a brief depression affected northern Florida before dissipating . After a week of inactivity , the second subtropical storm of the year formed over the central Atlantic . This storm , named Bravo , gradually intensified , becoming fully tropical , at which time it was renamed Fran , a few days late... | 83599061ff62bef3ced3046f801d0abc | 34,047 |
= = Storms = =
| 3b38969b1aceae545b0485aad665aa75 | 34,049 |
= = = Hurricane Alice = = =
| 1aff9954d627c1e7d68ecf0599523753 | 34,052 |
The first named storm formed out of the interaction between tropical wave and a mid @-@ level tropospheric trough northeast of the Bahamas in late @-@ June . A well @-@ defined circulation became apparent by June 30 and satellite images depicted cyclonic banding features . The following day , the system intensified in... | 83e3eaba381445ebe2d5a28c063a3d17 | 34,054 |
On July 4 , the storm reached its peak intensity with winds of 90 mph ( 150 km / h ) and a barometric pressure of 986 mbar ( hPa ; 29 @.@ 11 inHg ) , as the eastern portion of the eyewall brushed Bermuda . After passing the island , Alice began to accelerate in response to a mid @-@ level trough over the eastern Unite... | a962bc4483d2f33d61098e372e01901e | 34,055 |
During its passage of Bermuda , Alice produced sustained winds up to 75 mph ( 120 km / h ) and gusts to 87 mph ( 140 km / h ) . No major damage was recorded on the island , though the winds blew down a few trees and powerlines . The heavy rainfall , peaking at 4 @.@ 57 in ( 116 mm ) , ended a three @-@ month drought i... | 61d20b7207f24cae3bc9a504e5c11a4d | 34,056 |
= = = Subtropical Storm Alfa = = =
| 9d889ffeda4fdc672799bb8ff6c768ae | 34,058 |
During late July , an upper @-@ level low , with a non @-@ tropical cold core , formed near Cape Hatteras , North Carolina and tracked southward . Gradually , the circulation lowered to the surface and developed subtropical characteristics . On July 31 , the system attained gale @-@ force winds off the Mid @-@ Atlanti... | 696f9e959f00cf09790cdb96043af3a8 | 34,060 |
= = = Hurricane Brenda = = =
| 6bb0012f8e9ee612542b24d529df5193 | 34,062 |
Hurricane Brenda originated from a tropical wave that moved off the western coast of Africa on August 9 ; however , the initial wave quickly weakened upon entering the Atlantic Ocean . By August 13 , the wave began to regenerate as it passed through the Lesser Antilles . Several days later , convection associated with... | a5cea83cd56f8f0c7c7bec93e9628df9 | 34,064 |
Once back over water , Brenda began to intensify , attaining hurricane status late on August 20 . The next day , a well @-@ defined eye had developed and the storm attained its peak intensity as a high @-@ end Category 1 hurricane with winds of 90 mph ( 150 km / h ) and a minimum pressure of 977 mbar ( hPa ; 28 @.@ 85... | 950ec489e1d8b7bdb431bc236b75007a | 34,065 |
Already suffering from severe flooding that killed at least 18 people and left 200 @,@ 000 homeless , Hurricane Brenda worsened the situation with torrential rainfall and additional flooding . The storm killed at least 10 people in the country . Following the damage wrought by Brenda , a large earthquake struck the re... | 210e6995fc9dd7eb9dc7fd431240f025 | 34,066 |
= = = Tropical Storm Christine = = =
| 702c6e3db7579f7c851cd45f54d4e9f6 | 34,068 |
The easternmost forming Atlantic tropical cyclone on record , Tropical Storm Christine , originated as a tropical wave over Africa in mid @-@ August . As it neared the Atlantic Ocean , the wave spawned a tropical depression at 14 @.@ 0 ° W , over the country of Guinea , unlike most cyclone producing waves which travel... | d31cf5351e71a83d88c02996c78c5ae4 | 34,070 |
On August 30 , the first reconnaissance mission into the storm found tropical storm @-@ force winds and the first advisory was issued that day , immediately declaring the system as Tropical Storm Christine . Three days later , Christine attained its peak intensity just below hurricane @-@ status with winds of 70 mph (... | 50469983adb15bc940abc85d592a4d7e | 34,071 |
During its passage through the Leeward Islands , Christine produced torrential rainfall , peaking at 11 @.@ 74 in ( 298 mm ) in southeastern Puerto Rico . These rains led to flooding on several islands . One person was killed during the storm after being electrocuted by a downed power line on a flooded road . Schools ... | 90b41aa43a5d3bf00bfd736465564dc6 | 34,072 |
= = = Tropical Storm Delia = = =
| cbe9265f94bedfeea5e0a1527a3177aa | 34,074 |
On August 27 , a tropical wave formed over the central Caribbean and tracked towards the west @-@ northwest . The system gradually developed organized shower and thunderstorm activity . By September 1 , a tropical depression developed from the wave . By September 3 , the depression had intensified into a tropical stor... | 3eeeff15fec529044c67829bab872282 | 34,076 |
Due to the erratic track of the storm along the Texas coastline , widespread heavy rains fell in areas near the storm and in Louisiana . Tides up to 6 ft ( 1 @.@ 8 m ) , in addition to rainfall up to 13 @.@ 9 in ( 350 mm ) , caused significant flooding in the Galveston @-@ Freeport area . Up to $ 3 million was reporte... | 427226ae8f8fb54361740fd57ac6afdb | 34,077 |
= = = Tropical Depression Eleven = = =
| 456110fea4adff5d22132820332c2c4d | 34,079 |
On September 6 , a tropical depression formed over the northwestern Caribbean Sea within a trough of low pressure extended southeastward from Delia , which was situated over southeast Texas at the time . The depression remained weak until it reached the Texas coastline on September 10 . Once onshore , it produced sign... | 019f90916416704853f6d5b747cbe267 | 34,081 |
Along the coasts of Texas and Louisiana , the depression produced significant amounts of rainfall , peaking at 11 @.@ 15 in ( 283 mm ) near Freeport . Several areas in southern Louisiana recorded rainfall exceeding 5 in ( 130 mm ) with a maximum amount of 9 @.@ 2 in ( 230 mm ) falling in Kinder . Significant rainfall ... | d084839434fa1a7d0535050454cee956 | 34,082 |
= = = Hurricane Ellen = = =
| 974ba9388739390ef9093d99ffd3d3a0 | 34,084 |
The strongest storm of the season , Hurricane Ellen , began as a tropical wave that moved off the western coast of Africa on September 13 . On the following day , the wave spawned an area of low pressure south of the Cape Verde Islands that quickly became a tropical depression . Tracking northeast , the system intensi... | 5b64599c346dd860a2a3ad6a49cee295 | 34,086 |
The next day , Ellen intensified into a hurricane before taking a sharp turn to the north @-@ northwest in response to a weak trough moving northeast from the Bahamas . Gradually , the hurricane turned more towards the northeast and began to accelerate as well as intensify . Despite being at an unusually high latitude... | 49e7def3c4ec804a0633db87cbf73813 | 34,087 |
= = = Tropical Depression Thirteen = = =
| ba8b9b17e51bd3f0be6004df72b8a1a9 | 34,089 |
On September 24 , a depression formed northeast of the Bahamas . The following day , the NHC issued their first advisory on the system , declaring it a subtropical depression . The depression was displayed an asymmetrical structure , with most winds being recorded up to 300 mi ( 480 km ) north of the center . Later th... | 7e40fe57320892a032c088ccbbce96cb | 34,091 |
Heavy rain fell in association with the depression in parts of Florida and Georgia . A maximum of 6 @.@ 74 in ( 171 mm ) fell in Orlando while several other areas recorded over 3 in ( 76 mm ) of rain . Over land , wind gusts reached 40 mph ( 65 km / h ) in some locations . Offshore , swells produced by the system reac... | b64f44d74a738c8d75ebd6f1f7eb7a3b | 34,092 |
= = = Hurricane Fran ( Bravo ) = = =
| 1e66055377cbe0b73cb6b0db41802b66 | 34,094 |
The final hurricane of the season , Fran , originated from an area of convection north of Hispaniola on October 1 . By October 4 , the system interacted with a mid @-@ tropospheric trough near the southeast United States , resulting in the formation of a surface low . Tracking eastward , showers and thunderstorms bega... | c9340bbf872b322011c1da2f760bd63f | 34,096 |
By October 10 , Bravo had intensified substantially , as hurricane hunters recorded hurricane @-@ force winds roughly 15 mi ( 25 km ) from the center of the storm . Following this finding , the National Hurricane Center reclassified the system as a tropical system and renamed it Fran , dropping its previous designatio... | e981c2e8241303cc9d788ecfe2826761 | 34,097 |
= = = Tropical Storm Gilda = = =
| 279b585c1e5ae1c2628d2422236a9c13 | 34,099 |
The precursor to Tropical Storm Gilda was a large convective system partially due to a tropical wave . It gradually became better organized over the northwestern Caribbean Sea , and on October 15 , a tropical depression formed off the coast of Nicaragua . As it drifted to the northeast , it strengthened to a tropical ... | c0bb8d34248dcc033eb865287e35f928 | 34,101 |
On October 24 , cool , dry air entered the newly developed convection , and as a result it transitioned into a subtropical cyclone . Gilda became the first tropical system to pass through a subtropical stage prior to becoming extratropical . The large circulation continued northeast before becoming extratropical on Oc... | e877250a239c6e033e159526e4758cbd | 34,102 |
Gilda caused heavy rain and mudslides in Jamaica , destroying six homes and killing six people . In Cuba , Gilda dropped over 6 in ( 150 mm ) of rain , while 60 mph ( 95 km / h ) winds were reported in the northern part of the country . In the Bahamas , Gilda caused significant crop damage from heavy rainfall and high... | 1489865f69fe32cdb2c7a5bcbfd345ad | 34,103 |
= = = Other storms = = =
| 9cd121e96cb66156496817d3c11a4b40 | 34,105 |
In addition to the eight named storms of 1973 and two notable tropical depressions , there were several minor systems that were classified as depressions by the National Hurricane Center . The first four systems of the year were not classified as fully tropical , rather they were associated with the remnants of decayi... | fc9a346293895ab63122c542bd73d02e | 34,107 |
On June 23 , another depression formed along Florida , this time just onshore near the Georgia border . The system slowly tracked northeastward before dissipating on June 26 southeast of the North – South Carolina border . As Hurricane Alice neared Bermuda on July 9 , a depression formed near the east coast of the Uni... | 606fe7a7d5fc7e985ce312d4ccb1d1b0 | 34,108 |
Only one non @-@ developing depression formed during the month of August , an unusually eastward forming system . The depression was first identified just offshore eastern Africa on September 8 , near where Tropical Storm Christine formed later in the month . Tracking rapidly towards the west , the depression dissipat... | d3a2e5b55e57dd1fac0ecae4b184de3b | 34,109 |
= = Storm names = =
| 72bc9f61a2d876aaa154cfc2ba8e8446 | 34,111 |
The following names were used for named storms ( tropical storms and hurricanes ) that formed in the North Atlantic in 1973 . Storms were named Christine , Delia , Ellen and Fran for the first time in 1973 . Due to the relatively minimal impact caused by storms during the season , no names were retired in the spring o... | 8b097027fd3dccf8a5a5931c0fcdf913 | 34,113 |
= = = Subtropical storm names = = =
| 5f87dfa870d5d21bfebe4d55eda74e33 | 34,115 |
The following names were used for subtropical storms in the Atlantic basin for this year . This year was the second and last year to use the phonetic alphabet . Although a storm was given the name Bravo , it was renamed Fran after acquiring tropical characteristics .
| cc156215e0da1d942cef107c714ee54a | 34,117 |
= = Season effects = =
| c4f958ef2f011a241fd4af4ca04652d4 | 34,119 |
This is a table of the storms in 1973 and their landfall ( s ) , if any . Deaths in parentheses are additional and indirect ( an example of an indirect death would be a traffic accident ) , but are still storm @-@ related . Damage and deaths include totals while the storm was extratropical or a wave or low .
| a10b5c9e511c729d90d1a29ca59eb960 | 34,121 |
= 2 / 4th Machine Gun Battalion ( Australia ) =
| d79a4032bd39106e51af4c46b19c2a62 | 34,124 |
The 2 / 4th Machine Gun Battalion was an Australian Army unit raised for service with the all volunteer Second Australian Imperial Force ( 2nd AIF ) during the Second World War . Formed in late 1940 as part of the 8th Division , the battalion was established to provide direct fire support to the division ’ s infantry ... | 45c3615b18abcb8f2e919610d3895c1b | 34,126 |
In late 1941 , amidst concerns of war in the Pacific , the unit was deployed north to Darwin in the Northern Territory , where they undertook garrison duties in the weeks following Japan 's entry into the war . Following Japanese landings in Malaya , the 2 / 4th embarked from Darwin and were transferred to Malaya , ar... | edef63ad90a853807b19e142b1160679 | 34,127 |
Meanwhile , a detachment of about 100 men from the battalion , who had been left behind in Australia when it deployed to Singapore , also took part in the fighting on Java . After a brief campaign , the majority of these personnel were taken into captivity when the Allied forces were overwhelmed around Buitenzorg in m... | 66eda1bccabddad2f010395dc8de4f61 | 34,128 |
= = History = =
| fd3fc667e330e6e3944a4f085f9ef39d | 34,130 |
= = = Formation and training = = =
| 00a78f3fc7d9d867216a14a27d13c2f2 | 34,133 |
The 2 / 4th Machine Gun Battalion was one of four machine gun battalions raised as part of the all volunteer Second Australian Imperial Force ( 2nd AIF ) for service overseas during the Second World War . Motorised infantry units , equipped with wheeled motor vehicles and tracked carriers , the machine gun battalions ... | 615c8cb654024e61f9d4bc8a28133665 | 34,135 |
In mid @-@ 1940 , amid the tide of German successes in Europe , there was an influx of volunteers for the 2nd AIF . As a result , the Australian government decided to raise a third volunteer division for overseas service , named the 8th Division . Established around three infantry brigades — the 22nd , 23rd and 27th —... | b0afe3666292e887a828f9243d24f59c | 34,136 |
Like most 2nd AIF units , the 2 / 4th drew its cadre staff of officers and senior non @-@ commissioned officers ( NCOs ) from volunteers from local Militia units . These were augmented by partially trained Other Ranks ( ORs ) from the three local recruit training depots ; the first batch of these , numbering 394 men ,... | c53b23479fafb1c1a9cf261c40a43aba | 34,137 |
Early in the New Year , the establishment of the battalion 's command formation was completed with the appointment of subalterns as platoon commanders , following their return from their first appointment courses . The training continuum evolved with the establishment of an NCO school and various specialist courses , ... | fd2d4abd185916a020bc260616b42bd1 | 34,138 |
= = = Garrison duties in northern Australia = = =
| 73d1c793f692bc788bd7456307e58c50 | 34,140 |
In August 1941 , the 27th Brigade was sent to Malaya to reinforce the 22nd , which had been serving there in a garrison role since February , having been dispatched while the 2 / 4th Machine Battalion had been forming . With this , the only 2nd AIF troops remaining in Australia were those of the 23rd Brigade . As a re... | eaf836378efaa1279437fbabfeabb575 | 34,142 |
On 11 October 1941 , the battalion entrained at Oakbank and began the journey north . They detrained at Alice Springs , where they camped overnight before continuing the journey by road in a 44 @-@ vehicle convoy , which took them further north to Larrimah . There they once again entrained for the final journey to Win... | 65f1ffc8ec1a3392a5567d60457d96e4 | 34,143 |
At Winnellie , the battalion was allocated a large defensive zone between Nightcliff , Lee Point and Shoal Bay , which included a large beach frontage , as well as extensive swamp lands and creeks further inland . Throughout November , extensive work was undertaken improving the camp and preparing this position with f... | ae613fb2b704e25703c6258758bdbdd3 | 34,144 |
= = = Embarkation = = =
| 2bf44adf5ce726007aab9209e766b400 | 34,146 |
On 30 December 1941 , after transferring responsibility for their defensive area to a Militia Light Horse machine gun regiment from South Australia , the battalion embarked upon two troopships , Westralia and Marella , bound for Malaya via Port Moresby . Arriving on 4 January 1942 , they were transferred to the transp... | 8b55df010bc1165933f7982bc539bda6 | 34,148 |
After a brief stay in Sydney where the battalion ’ s equipment deficiencies were made good and some reinforcements were received from local recruit training depots , they embarked again on 10 January in company with HMAS Canberra , and proceeded through the Bass Strait . As they were under way , the troops were kept o... | dd42c4ed45bd0ccccb3b3ffd5b271b2f | 34,149 |
After departing Fremantle , the convoy steamed towards Java and reached Ratai Bay early on 20 January . Proceeding on to the Sunda Strait , which was reached mid @-@ morning on 21 January and the men were then transferred to a number of smaller , faster Dutch ships to run the gauntlet of Japanese bombers that were att... | 29aa6fcfa13fcf86f263a1444b5f6d82 | 34,150 |
One of only two machine gun battalions available for the defending British and Commonwealth forces , as preparations were made to repulse the expected Japanese assault across the Johore Strait , the battalion was split up to provide support to troops from the 22nd and 27th Australian Infantry Brigades and the 44th Ind... | a0b13312369f8164b7b0ebdc86586ad6 | 34,151 |
= = = Fall of Singapore = = =
| 45181547f412d606ec62ebcaf41ba1df | 34,153 |
The Japanese attack came in the night of 8 / 9 February , after a heavy artillery and aerial bombardment that had lasted throughout the day . ' D ' Company , positioned in various locations in support of the Australian 22nd Brigade in the north @-@ western area , found themselves in the thick of the fighting as the Ja... | 9f19d94727ffb2736ed0b3a873639070 | 34,155 |
Near the Sungei Murai ( Murai River ) , 15 Platoon — under Lieutenant John Meiklejohn — had been stationed in support of a company from the 2 / 18th Infantry Battalion , in a thickly wooded area with low hills and many inlets . 15 Platoon established an enfilade formation near the shore , with its machine guns distrib... | b74815aec02cd4dbaf2f93f5435d5c64 | 34,156 |
As the situation worsened , early on 9 February ' A ' Company , which had been in reserve , and HQ Company were sent forward to provide further assistance to the 22nd Infantry Brigade , which was slowly being pushed back towards the tactically important Tengah airfield , via the village of Ama Keng . They took up posi... | 0fd67cb174317fafc8c64c453fb5c956 | 34,157 |
Late on 9 February , the Japanese made more landings , in the Causeway sector , held by the 27th Infantry Brigade . Despite having been reduced to just two infantry battalions due to the transfer of the 2 / 29th to the hard @-@ pressed 22nd Infantry Brigade , they were able to mount a stiff defence , supported by the ... | 78ef0ef4c3ec55c7b3e3a16c80e92378 | 34,158 |
For the next four days , the Allied troops were pushed south @-@ east towards the city of Singapore . Throughout this time , the battalion ’ s companies were in almost constant action , either — in the case of ' B ' , ' C ' , ' D ' and ' E ' Companies — under separate command , or ' A ' and ' HQ ' Companies with Batta... | 6afb38740b256d42ba86ef6164af4933 | 34,159 |
By 14 February , the Allied troops had withdrawn into a small perimeter around the city . The 8th Division were holding a position 2 miles ( 3 @.@ 2 km ) east of the city , centred upon the axis of the Holland Road , with its headquarters at Tanglin Barracks . With the Japanese gaining ground to their north and south ... | 7abaf5a77426d57ec7d6cab8b7dc9c58 | 34,160 |
= = = Java detachment = = =
| 849c88671976a32e568977dd70b0e61f | 34,162 |
While the majority of the battalion was fighting on Singapore , a small detachment of 106 men were sent to Java . The majority of these were the 94 men that had failed to return in time from their unofficial leave in Fremantle . After missing their ship , they had been arrested by the military police and were confined... | 9d9ef0d6103c0a493c8d565185681010 | 34,164 |
After reaching Tanjong Priok on 10 February , the detachment found itself placed under Dutch command and formed into a composite infantry company , within the reserve battalion of the ad hoc formation known as " Blackforce " , which had been formed under Brigadier Arthur Blackburn . At the end of the month , having ta... | 80c7dd072515612aaa94b5af6d445175 | 34,165 |
= = = Internment and disbandment = = =
| 363912322167734e2c561f5367691719 | 34,167 |
During the fighting , out of a total of 976 men deployed , the battalion lost 137 men killed in action and 106 wounded , while a further 24 suffered from shell shock . A total of 808 men were taken into captivity , including most of the wounded . Four men managed to escape to Australia but of the remaining men , 263 d... | a910514c2f2556134ff4f773a35ea113 | 34,169 |
Throughout their captivity , some soldiers continued to contribute to the Allied war effort , building a series of home @-@ made radios with which they transmitted Japanese shipping movements to British forces in India and through which they were able to gain news from home . They were liberated in August 1945 and aft... | 66ec0b686d91e3d4d7fadf2fa8f6b211 | 34,170 |
After the war , the Australian Army moved away from the machine gun battalion concept and no similar units were raised . The machine gun role was subsumed into the support companies of individual infantry battalions . The idea was arguably misunderstood by Australian commanders throughout the war and this may have inf... | a5c79db42d56eb0126b60ccd3c507728 | 34,171 |
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