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In 1911 , the composer Charles Villiers Stanford cited Meyerbeer 's music as an example of the dangers he believed lay in improvising at the piano without a clear plan , ( although there is in fact no evidence to suggest Meyerbeer worked in this way ) , writing : ' Man of genius though he was , as any man who wrote th... | 91d6679f1f3d8a3cf746ee0db11552e5 | 14,551 |
= = = Wagner 's campaign against Meyerbeer = = =
| 8349d00e2d77c8eea7b61cbe4d8b4b04 | 14,553 |
The vitriolic campaign of Richard Wagner against Meyerbeer was to a great extent responsible for the decline of Meyerbeer 's popularity after his death in 1864 . This campaign was as much a matter of personal spite as of racism – Wagner had learnt a great deal from Meyerbeer and indeed Wagner 's early opera Rienzi ( 1... | 1be1cd9649ec00e833dc0e927966e815 | 14,555 |
Wagner 's early correspondence with Meyerbeer , up to 1846 , is cringingly obsequious . However , from the early 1840s , as Wagner developed Tannhäuser and Lohengrin , his ideas on opera increasingly diverged from Meyerbeerean standards ; even in 1843 Wagner had written to Schumann condemning Meyerbeer 's work as ' a ... | 752c5a547487aa800324be5a37abe788 | 14,556 |
In particular , after 1849 , Wagner resented Meyerbeer 's continuing success at a time when his own vision of German opera had little chance of prospering . After the May Uprising in Dresden of 1849 , Wagner was for some years a political refugee facing a prison sentence or worse should he return to Saxony . During hi... | e3db2a9f20abdaa8b4ff00f684b5f83e | 14,557 |
In his major theoretical statement , ' Opera and Drama ' ( 1852 ) , Wagner objected to the music of Meyerbeer , asserting its superficiality and incoherence in dramatic terms ; this work contains Wagner 's well @-@ known put @-@ down of Meyerbeer 's operas as ' effects without causes ' . It also contains the sardonic ... | 00bda307f1c3b6638bbcb476e44057dc | 14,558 |
As Wagner prospered , it became second @-@ nature for him , his wife Cosima and the Wagner circle to deprecate Meyerbeer and his works , and Cosima 's Diaries contain numerous instances of this – ( as well as recording a dream of Wagner 's in which he and Meyerbeer were reconciled ) . Wagner 's autobiography ' Mein Le... | 59df32b01f7aae370dad88ef6eb64dd7 | 14,559 |
Thus as Wagner 's stock rose , Meyerbeer 's fell . In 1890 , the year before the Paris premiere of Wagner 's Lohengrin , there were no Wagner performances at the Paris Opéra , and 32 performances of Meyerbeer 's four grand operas . In 1909 , there were 60 Wagner performances , and only three of Meyerbeer ( Les Hugueno... | 4784ace98088e2d88f65c803ab51cd38 | 14,560 |
= = = Reevaluation = = =
| e0cf1208f95b8cda126d03fe2997feb2 | 14,562 |
Meyerbeer 's costly operas , requiring grand casts of leading singers , were gradually dropped from the repertoire in the early 20th century . They were banned in Germany from 1933 , and subsequently in subject countries , by the Nazi regime because the composer was Jewish , and this was a major factor in their furthe... | a85922c4fbfbb85c6e40e8ba331cd2b0 | 14,564 |
One of the first serious post @-@ war studies of Meyerbeer and grand opera was Crosten 's 1948 book Grand Opera : An Art and a Business which laid out the themes and standards for much subsequent research . A major contribution to revival of interest in Meyerbeer was the work of the scholar Heinz Becker , leading to t... | 2d0d52e98c2399f817d6af0ea202c1f2 | 14,565 |
Most importantly the operas themselves are now beginning to be revived and recorded , although despite the efforts of such champions as Dame Joan Sutherland , who took part in performances of , and recorded , Les Huguenots , they have yet to achieve anything like the huge popular following they attracted during their ... | dc54bbb72e8be7ea32270de4692f7f4a | 14,566 |
Amongst reasons often adduced for the dearth of modern productions are the scale of Meyerbeer 's more ambitious works and the cost of mounting them , as well as the alleged lack of virtuoso singers capable of doing justice to Meyerbeer 's demanding music . However , recent successful productions of some of the major o... | 9b2c0a7fb7ff7e1b957f9d40af064ee0 | 14,567 |
On 9 September 2013 a plaque to mark Meyerbeer 's last residence was put up at Pariser Platz 6a , Berlin .
| fd4fcd51479185e72b11a959fb6660d8 | 14,568 |
= = On film = =
| ab12a14a0a8fb7798dc6bb00712f30bd | 14,570 |
Vernon Dobtcheff played the role of Giacomo Meyerbeer in the 1983 film Wagner .
| dc5a7b6f92f05c8bcea1be2268d6846d | 14,572 |
= = Recordings = =
| d4954a269f3e26ff5828937a39b61ff6 | 14,574 |
A Meyerbeer discography ( updated whenever an additional opera by Meyerbeer is issued on CD ) at the Wayback Machine ( archived October 27 , 2009 )
| 8796ae02281d83785a71c4f2bc33f33b | 14,576 |
Recordings of Meyerbeer 's operas as listed on operadis @-@ opera @-@ discography.org.uk /
| a761c257a3635aa24b6b8fe43378ab09 | 14,577 |
= Washington State Route 221 =
| 3f72f518f28b6f49f1a8d1272d11cc22 | 14,580 |
State Route 221 ( SR 221 ) is a 25 @.@ 95 @-@ mile ( 41 @.@ 76 km ) long state highway located entirely within Benton County , Washington , United States . The highway serves to connect the unincorporated community of Paterson to the county seat Prosser . The highway has existed since at least 1926 and was designated ... | b471a0988a3fc82ba5ae9d481cabf243 | 14,582 |
= = Route description = =
| 492dd728c7998b12b26ca6c56c46440f | 14,584 |
Washington State Route 221 ( SR 221 ) starts at an intersection with SR 14 in the unincorporated community of Paterson . After leaving Paterson the highway travels north through rural farm land as a two @-@ lane highway . A few minor roads are intersected before the roadway turns to the west after about 17 mi ( 27 km ... | 6c53f8b40e1ffddd866e0bd7792122c5 | 14,586 |
Every year the Washington State Department of Transportation ( WSDOT ) conducts a series of surveys on its highways in the state to measure traffic volume . This is expressed in terms of average annual daily traffic ( AADT ) , which is a measure of traffic volume for any average day of the year . In 2009 , WSDOT calcu... | 51143804f090dd3b817183c2dba208bd | 14,587 |
= = History = =
| fd3fc667e330e6e3944a4f085f9ef39d | 14,589 |
The roadway on its current alignment has existed since at least 1926 , however there are records of a road between Paterson and Prosser since 1906 . The highway was designated Secondary State Highway 8E ( SSH 8E ) in 1937 , but the route number was changed to SR 221 during the 1964 state highway renumbering .
| 8cf0d867628c03e9d7c6075ab92dd9a7 | 14,591 |
High winds have forced the closure of SR 221 in 2003 , 2004 , and 2005 due to large amounts of dust being blown around , causing visibility to drop to almost zero through the Horse Heaven Hills .
| a90afa8f60da6bc7439a6eb793f2ca68 | 14,592 |
= = Major intersections = =
| 758ae1495b9ccb2712446fb9e200ddfc | 14,594 |
The entire highway is within unincorporated Benton County .
| f8934e20af3b1b781a0fd09edfc6a00f | 14,596 |
= Superman : Escape from Krypton =
| 11c947e7ffdf53697b0bede5b709e4a3 | 14,599 |
Superman : Escape from Krypton ( originally known as Superman : The Escape ) is a steel shuttle roller coaster located at Six Flags Magic Mountain in Valencia , California . When it opened in 1997 , it was the tallest roller coaster in the world , and its speed of 100 mph ( 160 km / h ) was tied for the fastest with T... | e6a9570ba4411a444fc57b2f3abaad85 | 14,601 |
= = History = =
| fd3fc667e330e6e3944a4f085f9ef39d | 14,603 |
= = = Superman : The Escape ( 1997 — 2010 ) = = =
| e7e656dfb407894c3ec293c4e64a2e1a | 14,606 |
While in the planning stages , the ride was going to be named Velocetron and themed as The Man of Steel . The ride was announced on January 5 , 1996 as Superman : The Escape , breaking records as the first roller coaster to reach 100 miles per hour ( 160 km / h ) , passing Desperado and Phantom 's Revenge at 82 miles ... | 164a4b4d3c054112474e0700dd8d7f16 | 14,608 |
In June 2004 , Superman : The Escape 's seat belts were modified because of an incident on the Superman – Ride of Steel roller coaster at Six Flags New England . California State Regulators asked the park to make modifications to the rides ' restraint systems to prevent a similar incident in the future .
| 328403c86ea95ab1ccad92ca20b56480 | 14,609 |
Just after July 4 weekend of 2010 , Superman : The Escape ceased operations with no reason given . A sign posted in front of the ride indicated that it would not reopen until the 2011 season , with hints that there would be improvements made to the ride experience . After Superman : The Escape 's sister ride , the Tow... | c1fb82f842120a669f31d8f3b0eec9a2 | 14,610 |
= = = Superman : Escape from Krypton ( 2011 — present ) = = =
| f9cfe642daf570f64ec650103a775c2b | 14,612 |
On October 20 , 2010 , Six Flags Magic Mountain officially announced the refurbishment and re @-@ theming of Superman : The Escape , in addition to the construction of two new roller coasters . As part of the refurbishment , the ride was renamed to Superman : Escape from Krypton and featured new backward launching car... | 318a40076a2ea8c8f7754c9c03763e61 | 14,614 |
Superman : Escape from Krypton closed again on February 5 , 2012 ( almost a year after the refurbishment ) to prepare for the new 2012 attraction Lex Luthor : Drop of Doom . Two drop towers , also built by Intamin , were integrated into the existing sides of Superman : Escape from Krypton 's structure . The ride reope... | 179b49baa082407111faf1c813620bad | 14,615 |
To enable the construction of the park 's 2013 roller coaster , Full Throttle , Superman : Escape from Krypton was temporarily closed from December 2012 . It reopened in mid @-@ January with Six Flags Magic Mountain stating the ride may have intermittent closures as the construction of Full Throttle continues .
| 633d200e2d95491a0a81e60138c8647f | 14,616 |
= = Ride experience = =
| a3f809081cba09fa801b43d45bf2970a | 14,618 |
= = = Queue and station = = =
| 12890f6eda271990645e13e1f4e8679d | 14,621 |
At the entrance to the ride , the Superman " S " shield is imprinted and now painted onto the ground . The entrance area and queue are modeled after the Fortress of Solitude , Superman 's headquarters . The station is lit green , modeled as Krypton , the planet that is full of Kryptonite rock that can take away Superm... | e1e2dc8cb9fbb341e432a01a38b7d3ca | 14,623 |
= = = Layout = = =
| 7f47f1e590c17a295a76defb9fa6d318 | 14,625 |
The roller coaster has two parallel tracks , with both tracks being identical . The vehicle is accelerated by Linear Synchronous Motors in reverse out of the station from 0 to 100 miles per hour ( 160 km / h ) in approximately 7 seconds . Riders experience a g @-@ force of 4 @.@ 5 during the launch . The vehicle then ... | 7943618d9641ddf61e9bc81006e6de49 | 14,627 |
= = = Vehicles = = =
| 75066caf9bfe65f41da02733d88e851f | 14,629 |
The roller coaster originally featured two vehicles , each with three rows of four seats and one row of three seats for a total of 15 riders per vehicle . Both vehicles were built to only run forward . After the ride was refurbished in 2010 , new " streamlined " vehicles with the Superman logo were introduced . The ne... | aac1c4c95cbd0c28b31c1bb8a6f95c41 | 14,631 |
= = = Track = = =
| f01929aafdc010ced910ddee8f42bee7 | 14,633 |
The steel track is approximately 1 @,@ 235 feet ( 376 m ) in length and the height of the tower is approximately 415 feet ( 126 m ) . The tower is in an " L " shape with two parallel tracks . When the ride opened , the entire structure was painted white . After the ride was refurbished , the top third of the structure... | a0e5c8dc50f348870f5656493c8a0d84 | 14,635 |
= = Records = =
| 94366d2e4797200245a9f3a56b2da07a | 14,637 |
For the first four years of operation , Superman : Escape from Krypton was tied with Tower of Terror II as the fastest roller coaster in the world . In 2001 , the speed record was taken by Dodonpa in Japan which features a top speed of 106 @.@ 9 miles per hour ( 172 @.@ 0 km / h ) . Superman : Escape from Krypton held... | 1a9e9801fd6529dd897bed6b7b1c04df | 14,639 |
= Battle of Hubbardton =
| 46517eb5938146396fe24ee5e9a80393 | 14,642 |
The Battle of Hubbardton was an engagement in the Saratoga campaign of the American Revolutionary War fought in the village of Hubbardton , Vermont . Vermont was then a disputed territory sometimes called the New Hampshire Grants , claimed by New York , New Hampshire , and the newly organized and not yet recognized bu... | 335175a48d3b287fcc8d8a24bdf57eaf | 14,644 |
The American retreat from Fort Ticonderoga began late on July 5 after British cannons were seen on top of high ground , Mount Defiance ( aka Rattlesnake Mountain and Sugar Loaf Hill ) that commanded the fort . The bulk of General Arthur St. Clair 's army retreated through Hubbardton to Castleton , while the rear guard... | 335b8732689b69f12771f236d50ef835 | 14,645 |
General Fraser , alerted to the American withdrawal early on July 6 , immediately set out in pursuit , leaving a message for General John Burgoyne to send reinforcements as quickly as possible . That night Fraser camped a few miles short of Hubbardton , and the German General Friedrich Adolf Riedesel , leading reinfor... | 76c7e3d9ffb3975464cbd385a98f4217 | 14,646 |
The battle took a large enough toll on the British forces that they did not further pursue the main American army . The many American prisoners were sent to Ticonderoga while most of the British troops made their way to Skenesboro to rejoin Burgoyne 's army . Most of the scattered American remnants made their way to r... | 57a92c8c974ac6e882722b3124d8d568 | 14,647 |
= = Background = =
| d514b18e9690308b2ac67a227be74a70 | 14,649 |
General John Burgoyne began his 1777 campaign for control of the Hudson River valley by moving an army of 8 @,@ 000 down Lake Champlain in late June , arriving near Fort Ticonderoga on July 1 . On July 5 , General Arthur St. Clair 's American forces defending Fort Ticonderoga and its supporting defenses discovered tha... | e806d0cf99f124ca325a3dbe08f45228 | 14,651 |
= = British troops give chase = =
| cbc3fa90c5073627629de2760da04663 | 14,653 |
The British general , a Scotsman named Simon Fraser discovered early on July 6 that the Americans had abandoned Ticonderoga . Leaving a message for General Burgoyne , he set out in pursuit with companies of grenadiers ( 9th , 29th , 34th , and 62nd Foot ) and light infantry ( 24th , 29th , 34th , 53rd , and 62nd ) , a... | 5589a073facabd5c8891804636e810e5 | 14,655 |
American general St. Clair paused at Hubbardton to give the main army 's tired and hungry troops time to rest while he hoped the rear guard would arrive . When it did not arrive in time , he left Colonel Seth Warner and the Green Mountain Boys behind , along with the 2nd New Hampshire Regiment under Colonel Nathan Hal... | af8ed343c4a1ebf9fc58b582c45523ff | 14,656 |
Baron Riedesel caught up with Fraser around 4 pm , and insisted that his men could not go further before making camp . Fraser , who acquiesced to this as Riedesel was senior to him in the chain of command , pointed out that he was authorized to engage the enemy , and would be leaving his camp at 3 am the next morning ... | a2447f1906b894c7e0fdf8ac6fffa8ed | 14,657 |
= = Attack = =
| 69e746992b5568fa519e503f25093b80 | 14,659 |
Fraser 's men were up at 3 am , but did not make good time due to the darkness . Riedesel left his camp at 3 am with a picked group of men , and was still behind Fraser when the latter arrived at Hubbardton near dawn and very nearly surprised elements of Hale 's regiment , which were scattered in the early fighting . ... | afe5723d3c4198646847c1ce02d85b49 | 14,661 |
At some point early in the conflict , St. Clair was made aware of the gunfire off in the distance . He immediately dispatched Henry Brockholst Livingston and Isaac Dunn to send the militia camped closest to Hubbardton down the road in support of the action . When they reached the area of those camps they found those m... | 543aff59e7403ea48dc4630f1a95286f | 14,662 |
Falling back to a secure position on Monument Hill , the Americans repulsed several vigorous British assaults , although Colonel Francis was hit in the arm by a shot . He soldiered on , directing troops to a perceived weakness on Fraser 's left . The tide of the battle turned when , after more than an hour of battle ,... | e4c53f7a911b79fa0b0f8ca42392b20a | 14,663 |
= = Aftermath = =
| f8fa1b2e326f4dccda3b39c69a590a1d | 14,665 |
The scattered remnants of the American rear laboriously made their way toward Rutland in order to rejoin the main army . Harassed by Fraser 's scouts and Indians , and without food or shelter , it took some of them five days to reach the army , which was by then nearing Fort Edward . Others , including Colonel Hale an... | c53f786c6cd43f225b26728a9cb69ef5 | 14,667 |
Baron Riedesel and the Brunswickers departed for Skenesboro the next day , much to General Fraser 's chagrin . Their departure left him in " the most disaffected part of America , every person a Spy " , with 600 tired men , a sizable contingent of prisoners and wounded , and no significant supplies . On July 9 he sent... | 1acffa2127680e0f2c6096d756996ab3 | 14,668 |
Livingston and Dunn , the two men sent toward the battle by St. Clair , were met by retreating Americans on the Castleton road after the battle was over . They returned to Castleton with the bad news , and the army marched off , eventually reaching the American camp at Fort Edward on July 12 .
| 38bb78f92f5e8cdbc606647cd4279489 | 14,669 |
= = Losses = =
| 3a00db2da78a822770c9a880aba95add | 14,671 |
The official casualty return for the Hessian troops gives 38 Hessian soldiers and 1 French @-@ Canadian killed and 125 Hessians and 2 French @-@ Canadians wounded . A separate return for the German troops has 10 killed and 14 wounded , for a grand total of 49 killed and 141 wounded . Historian Richard M. Ketchum gives... | 875ef44d30d7aeef46c941e32624845c | 14,673 |
= = Legacy = =
| b4fa22c13235a44f06adb277883cbe5d | 14,675 |
A local body commissioned the erection of a monument on the battlefield site in 1859 , and the state began acquiring battlefield lands in the 1930s for operation as a state historic site . The battlefield was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1971 , and is the site of annual Revolutionary War reenac... | 9417b3e1265bca14a6aee616d9685df1 | 14,677 |
= Odaenathus =
| d103702bd642954c2943a1264bfee11c | 14,680 |
Lucius Septimius Udaynath , Latinized as Odaenathus ( Aramaic : ܐܕܝܢܬ / Oḏainaṯ ; Arabic : أذينة / Udaynath ; 220 – 267 ) , was the founder king ( Mlk ) of the Palmyrene Kingdom centered at the city of Palmyra , Syria . He lifted his city from the position of a regional center subordinate to Rome into the supreme powe... | 77adc40a794ea4126e9cd3573b19f235 | 14,682 |
The defeat and captivity of emperor Valerian at the hands of the Persian Sassanian monarch Shapur I in 260 left the eastern Roman provinces largely at the mercy of the Persians . Odaenathus stayed on the side of Rome ; assuming the title of king , he led the Palmyrene army and fell upon the Persians before they could ... | 5fe61daf2e8a629dbd9cadfd460a165a | 14,683 |
In a series of rapid and successful campaigns starting in 262 , he crossed the Euphrates and recovered Carrhae and Nisibis . He then took the offensive to the heartland of Persia , and arrived at the walls of its capital Ctesiphon . The city withstood the short siege but Odaenathus reclaimed the entirety of Roman land... | e7c53fdd998feefb0150390ebc9ef875 | 14,684 |
Odaenathus observed all due formalities towards the emperor , but in practice ruled as an independent monarch . In 266 , the king launched a second invasion of Persia but had to abandon the campaign and head north to Bithynia to repel the attacks of Germanic riders besieging the city of Heraclea Pontica . He was assas... | 84f2f50a0f1108a647f889dc56aa2ead | 14,685 |
= = Name , Odaenathus I and origin = =
| ae9412426e5beb50610d737d39b6fb80 | 14,687 |
" Odaenathus " is the Roman version of the king 's name who was born Lucius Septimius Udaynath c . 220 AD . " Udaynath " is the king 's personal name , an Arabic name that means " little ear " . " Septimius " was the family 's gentilicium ( surname ) adopted as an expression of loyalty to the Roman Severan dynasty , w... | 9f09d89ae4dffc6ead98b7a0bf6ea8a0 | 14,689 |
In the Temple of Bel at Palmyra , a stone block with a sepulchral inscription was found mentioning the building of a tomb and recording the genealogy of the builder : Odaenathus son of Hairan son of Wahb Allat son of Nasor . Traditional scholarship believed the builder to be an ancestor of the king and he was given th... | 076768ab33b44a22f2525ebe1ebeea3c | 14,690 |
Prior to the 1980s , the earliest known inscription attesting king Odaenathus was dated to 257 , leading traditional scholarship to believe that Hairan Ras of Palmyra is the father of the king and that Odaenathus I was his grandfather . However , an inscription published in 1985 by archaeologist Michael Gawlikowski an... | db8b0e02e1e83bda625523b04c2cabe5 | 14,691 |
The origin of the family is Aramean , while the king himself appears to be of mixed Aramean and Arab descent ; his name is Arabic , while the names of his ancestors ( father Hairan and great grandfather Nasor ) are Aramaic . Zosimus asserted that Odaenathus descended from " illustrious forebears " , but the position o... | c0c4f4794c37ced032e39634ed719c8a | 14,692 |
= = Rise = =
| 03885912a7b7a39b2c86763d0b14969f | 14,694 |
Palmyra was an autonomous city subordinate to Rome and part of Syria Phoenice province . Odaenathus descended from an aristocratic family , albeit not a royal one as the city was ruled by a council and had no tradition of hereditary monarchy . Bilingual inscriptions from Palmyra record the title of the Palmyrene ruler... | b161b1f596ba4cecfa30d70852f748f9 | 14,696 |
The rise of the aggressive Sasanian Empire in 224 and the Iranian incursions which affected Palmyrene trade , combined with the weakness of the Roman empire , were probably the reasons behind the Palmyrene council 's decision to elect a lord for the city in order for him to lead a strengthened army . The " Ras " title... | 8d7a3d0a07bc50d7d907b21942385557 | 14,697 |
= = = Ras of Palmyra = = =
| 55239cc0d6a016634b31bd0aae820d85 | 14,699 |
An undated inscription refers to Odaenathus as a Ras and records the gift of a throne to him by a Palmyrene citizen named " Ogeilu son of Maqqai Haddudan Hadda " , which confirms the supreme character of Odaenathus ' title . The earliest known inscriptions mentioning the title are dated to October 251 and April 252 ; ... | ca5071350dae50bf6a595cd92e0071b3 | 14,701 |
Odaenathus was described as Roman senator in the undated tomb inscription and Hairan I was mentioned with the same title in the 251 inscription . Scholarly opinions vary on the exact date of Odaenathus ' elevation to the position ; Gawlikowski and Jean Starcky maintain that the senatorial rank predates the Ras elevati... | 61d1933f02548bbbe84860352da1b183 | 14,702 |
As early as the 240s , Odaenathus inflated the Palmyrene army , recruiting the desert nomads and increasing the numbers of the Palmyrene heavy cavalry units ( clibanarii ) . In 252 , Persian emperor Shapur I started a full @-@ scale invasion of the Roman provinces in the east . During the second campaign of the invasi... | 91a307c58b107e52426aac550d0cbaf4 | 14,703 |
Shapur I destroyed the Palmyrene trade colonies all along the Euphrates ( including the colonies at Anah in 253 and at Dura @-@ Europos in 256 ) ; Peter the Patrician says that Odaenathus approached Shapur to negotiate Palmyrene interests but was rebuffed and the gifts sent to the Persians were thrown into the river .... | 64e500865a41a662536a98810cb9d92d | 14,704 |
= = = Governor of Syria Phoenice = = =
| e9f0403f41c942a893589cd81ad6930e | 14,706 |
Several inscriptions dating to the end of 257 or early 258 show Odaenathus bearing the title " ὁ λαμπρότατος ὑπατικός " ( Clarissimus Consularis ) ; this could be a mere honoring or a sign that he was appointed as the Legatus of Phoenice . However , the title ( ὁ λαμπρότατος ὑπατικός ) was sometimes used in Syria to d... | 8a1c72333578d42ebb8fcd1676ae54ab | 14,708 |
Five of the inscriptions mentioning Odaenathus as consul are dated to the Seleucid year 569 ( 258 AD ) during which no governor for Phoenice is attested , which might indicate that this was Odaenathus ' year of governorship . In the city of Tyre , Phoenice 's capital , the lines " To Septimius Odaenathus , the most il... | 8b1c76da526e5a0d0b0864cfaf1b03e5 | 14,709 |
These speculations cannot be proven without doubt but as a governor , Odaenathus would have been the highest authority in the province and above any legionary commander and provincial officials ; this would make him the commander of the Roman forces in the province . Whatever the case may be , starting from 258 , Odae... | 7910fd72c8ce3e57eb6ca6d6e2d79fa2 | 14,710 |
= = = Edessa = = =
| 8d78e646ea7a8ef6984eabc9c1310667 | 14,712 |
Faced with Shapur 's third campaign , the Roman emperor Valerian marched against the Persian monarch but was defeated near Edessa in late spring 260 and taken as a prisoner . The Persian emperor then ravaged Cappadocia , Cilicia and claimed to have captured Antioch , the metropolis of Syria . Taking advantage of the s... | bd85b45dae3fad4d1176a87567e670b6 | 14,714 |
= = Reign = =
| a78e65355becfe0916dd4b7e5004244d | 14,716 |
According to the Augustan History , Odaenathus was declared king of Palmyra as soon as the news of the Roman defeat at Edessa reached the city . It is not known if Odaenathus contacted Fulvius Macrianus and there is no evidence that he took orders from him .
| 2e1418f8e6bd065b3d33390c3c832345 | 14,718 |
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