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STEVE C. HARVEY | Small Vastnesses
"The Steering Wheel", 2019, pencil on paper, 15 Χ 21 cm.
Οn May 15th, 2019, AD Gallery will present the third solo show of Steven C. Harvey entitled Small Vastnesses.
In 2014, we presented the Vehicles series, which had been shown in 2012 in his solo show in MUDAM Luxembourg, and in 2013 in the show Visions: an Atmosphere of Change at Marta Herford Museum, Germany.
In these works Harvey presented detailed images of a dark, unsettling world dominated by machines, mutant and hybrid technology. The development of technology, the design of modern robotic machines, of planes and cars in the 70s promised a utopian future in which technology would create a modern wonderland populated by flying vehicles and all kinds of wonderful inventions to ease societal ills and cure inequalities. Yet, not only that future never materialized, but on the contrary, it ended up becoming a threat for the survival of nature, of mankind and humanity.
Harvey’s Vehicles series constitutes a social commentary based on Francisco de Goya’s motto “The dream of reason produces monsters”. As Clement Minighetti, Chief Curator of MUDAM Luxembourg, argues “Harvey’s extremely detailed drawings have a visionary force which is reminiscent of the Carceri (1745) by Giovanni Battista Piranesi and the Caprichos (1799) by Francisco de Goya...". ...".The artist combines his influences from Bruegel and Goya with biblical references from Western Christian art history, an art which served as an aesthetic camouflage to those who use religion to justify all kinds of questionable activities.
Most of his giant vehicles seem like contemporary arks that pick-up animals not to save them from the flood or extinction, but to lead them to an absurd abattoir. Human beings in his works seem to be either submissive slaves or diminished to a secondary role as opposed the magnificent vehicles’. His images build on the intensely detailed drawing narrative of the events that make up this world of “Babel”. The density of his writing is such that it takes time to observe the individual actions. Harvey progressively builds his images from the first, almost abstract, outline which determines the general lines of the composition, and then moves to the more detailed drawing of the “images in the image”. This show presents these individual images-actions that constitute autonomous works in their own right. In the show are included four drawings from the Sub-Contractor series. They relate this technologically driven absurd world to its monstrous effects on human life made of flesh and blood. Machines seem to win the battle over the degraded and ravaged human body.
Harvey’s works were presented in Vitamin D – New Perspectives in Drawing, Phaidon editions.
Exhibition duration: May 15 – July 22, 2018
created by © bananiotis | AlphaDelta Gallery | old website AlphaDelta gallery : Home / Exhibitions / Current Exhibition
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KHRYAPA, VICTOR
CSKA Moscow 31 Forward
Height: 2.03 Born: 3 August, 1982 Nationality: Russian Federation
Totals 32 11 435:25 120 38/80 7/38 23/28 18 98 116 57 27 26 11 2 51 44 218
Averages 32 11 13:36 3.8 47.5% 18.4% 82.1% 0.6 3.1 3.6 1.8 0.8 0.8 0.3 0.1 1.6 1.4 6.8
36 vs Olympiacos Piraeus 21:13 3 0/1 0/1 3/4 8 8 2 1 1 4 14
1 Totals 21:13 3 0/1 0/1 3/4 0 8 8 2 1 0 0 0 1 4 14
Average 21:13 3 0% 0% 75% 0 8 8 2 1 0 0 0 1 4 14
31 vs Baskonia Vitoria Gasteiz 4:53 2 0/1 2/2 1 2 2 2
32 vs Baskonia Vitoria Gasteiz 15:59 6 2/2 2/2 1 5 6 1 3 3 1 8
33 at Baskonia Vitoria Gasteiz 14:38 3 0/1 1/1 1 4 5 1 2 1 1 1 7
3 Totals 35:30 11 2/3 1/2 4/4 2 9 11 3 0 5 1 0 6 4 17
Average 11:50 3.7 66.7% 50% 100% 0.7 3 3.7 1 0 1.7 0.3 0 2 1.3 5.7
1 at Galatasaray Odeabank Istanbul 9:54 2 1/1 0/2 1 1 3 1 3 -4
2 vs Panathinaikos Superfoods Athens 7:08 0/1 0/3 2 2 1 1 1 1 -2
3 at Anadolu Efes Istanbul 14:41 6 3/4 0/1 4 4 1 1 6
4 vs Unics Kazan 17:45 4 2/8 1 3 4 6 4 2 1 9
5 at Olympiacos Piraeus 1:47 1 1 2 1 1 3
6 vs Real Madrid 25:38 5 2/4 0/1 1/2 3 4 7 4 2 1 2 3 16
7 at Darussafaka Dogus Istanbul 11:06 3 0/2 1/1 1 3 4 1 4
8 * vs Zalgiris Kaunas 10:33 2 1/2 0/1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1
9 vs Baskonia Vitoria Gasteiz 15:23 5 1/1 1/2 4 4 2 1 1 8
10 at Brose Bamberg 13:40 6 2/2 0/2 2/2 1 1 2 1 1 1 5
11 * at EA7 Emporio Armani Milan 8:57 2 1/2 0/1 1 1 1 1
12 vs FC Barcelona Lassa 5:36 2 0/2 0/1 2/2 1 1 1 1
13 at Maccabi FOX Tel Aviv 11:41 0/1 0/3 4 4 2 1 3
14 vs Fenerbahce Istanbul 10:07 2 2/2 6 6 3 1 1 1 10
15 * at Crvena Zvezda mts Belgrade 10:07 0/3 0/1 1 1 2 1 2 3
16 * at Real Madrid 17:41 7 2/4 1/1 1 3 4 2 4 15
17 * vs EA7 Emporio Armani Milan 10:46 2 1/4 0/1 1 1 1 3 1 2
18 vs Brose Bamberg 16:29 5 2/2 1/1 3 3 6 2 1 4 2 13
19 at Zalgiris Kaunas 22:56 9 3/7 1/3 1 4 5 1 2 1 3 2 7
22 vs Crvena Zvezda mts Belgrade 4:50 4 2/2 3 3 2 1 1 11
23 * vs Maccabi FOX Tel Aviv 15:56 3 0/2 1/2 1 4 5 4 1 1 1 2 1 9
24 * at FC Barcelona Lassa 18:05 8 3/5 0/1 2/3 1 3 4 3 4 1 3 17
25 * vs Galatasaray Odeabank Istanbul 19:45 5 2/4 0/1 1/2 1 3 4 1 1 3 3 7
26 * at Baskonia Vitoria Gasteiz 19:15 6 0/1 1/3 3/4 4 4 1 2 2 2 9
27 vs Darussafaka Dogus Istanbul 16:29 8 3/4 0/1 2/2 8 8 4 2 1 4 3 18
28 * at Unics Kazan 16:59 6 3/4 2 2 3 1 1 2 1 9
29 * at Panathinaikos Superfoods Athens 11:58 2 1/2 0/3 1 8 9 3 2 1 2 2 9
30 vs Olympiacos Piraeus 13:30 2 1/2 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 3
28 Totals 378:42 106 36/76 6/35 16/20 16 81 97 52 26 21 10 2 44 36 187
Average 13:31 3.8 47.4% 17.1% 80% 0.6 2.9 3.5 1.9 0.9 0.8 0.4 0.1 1.6 1.3 6.7
EuroLeague 2016-17 individual rankings
#3 in Defensive Rebounds (8)
#9 in Assist-turnover ratio (200%)
#11 in Steals (1)
#12 in Total Rebounds (8)
#15 in Free throws attempted (4)
#16 in Blocks (0)
#16 in Fouls Drawn (4)
#17 in Assists (2)
#17 in Blocks against (0)
#18 in Free throws made (3)
#20 in Index Rating (14)
#21 in Free throw % (75%)
#1 in Free throw % (100%)
#15 in Field goal % (60%)
#21 in Turnovers (5)
#25 in Defensive Rebounds (9)
#23 in Steals (26)
Index rating 32 CSKA Moscow vs. Maccabi FOX Tel Aviv 2/21/2014
Points 19 Baskonia Vitoria-Gasteiz vs. CSKA Moscow 4/19/2013
Offensive rebounds 7 CSKA Moscow vs. FC Barcelona Lassa 2/20/2008
Defensive rebounds 12 Baskonia Vitoria-Gasteiz vs. CSKA Moscow 4/19/2013
Total rebounds 14 CSKA Moscow vs. Brose Bamberg 1/10/2013
Assists 9 CSKA Moscow vs. Real Madrid 1/23/2014
Steals 5 Cibona Zagreb vs. CSKA Moscow 4/7/2004
Blocks 4 KRKA Novo Mesto vs. CSKA Moscow 1/21/2004
Minutes 39 Cedevita Olimpija Ljubljana vs. CSKA Moscow 1/7/2010
Grew up with Khimik Engels (Russia) juniors.
Made his debut with Khimik Engels, in the Russian minors, during the 1999-00 season.
Played also several games with Autodor Saratov.
Signed for the 2000-01 season by Autodor Saratov.
Signed for the 2002-03 season, signed by CSKA Moscow.
Signed for the 2004-05 season by Portland Trail Blazers.
Signed for the 2006-07 season by Chicago Bulls.
Played there till February '08.
Moved to Russia on February '08 signed by CSKA Moscow.
Won the 2008 and 2016 EuroLeague with CSKA Moscow.
Named to the 2009-10 All-EuroLeague First Team.
Named to the 2012-13 and 2013-14 All-EuroLeague Second Team.
Named the 2009-10 EuroLeague Best Defender.
Named the 2009-10 EuroLeague March MVP.
Named the EuroLeague 2012-13 Playoffs Game-2 and 4 MVP.
Led the 2012-13 EuroLeague in rebounding (7.31 rpg.).
Member of the Russian National Team.
Won the gold medal at the 2007 European Championship.
Won the bronze medal at the 2011 European Championship.
Won the bronze medal at the 2012 Olympic Games.
Played at the 2002 and 2010 World Championships.
Played at the 2008 Olympic Games.
Won the 2002-03, 2003-04, 2007-08, 2008-09, 2009-10, 2010-11, 2011-12 and 2012-13 Russian National Championship with CSKA Moscow.
Won the 2010 Russian National Cup with CSKA Moscow.
Won the 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018 VTB League with CSKA Moscow.
Has been member of the Russian U-18 and U-20 National Team.
2002-03 CSKA Moscow 22 104 4.7 25/45 55.6 12/29 41.4 18/24 75 112 21 25 29
2003-04 CSKA Moscow 20 107 5.3 24/35 68.6 11/41 26.8 26/35 74.3 67 18 24 20
2007-08 CSKA Moscow 9 33 3.7 5/14 35.7 6/16 37.5 5/10 50 20 4 4 2
2008-09 CSKA Moscow 21 138 6.6 30/44 68.2 14/35 40 36/50 72 102 28 30 20
2009-10 CSKA Moscow 22 223 10.1 54/87 62.1 28/67 41.8 31/45 68.9 138 43 89 20
2010-11 CSKA Moscow 3 9 3 2/8 25 1/3 33.3 2/2 100 15 3 7 0
2012-13 CSKA Moscow 26 268 10.3 71/127 55.9 33/73 45.2 27/35 77.1 190 44 95 21
2013-14 CSKA Moscow 28 183 6.5 45/82 54.9 25/65 38.5 18/27 66.7 150 25 119 12
2014-15 CSKA Moscow 11 14 1.3 3/9 33.3 1/7 14.3 5/6 83.3 20 3 13 6
2015-16 CSKA Moscow 10 60 6 19/25 76 6/19 31.6 4/9 44.4 37 4 18 8
2016-17 CSKA Moscow 32 120 3.8 38/80 47.5 7/38 18.4 23/28 82.1 116 27 57 11
2017-18 CSKA Moscow 16 25 1.6 7/12 58.3 3/9 33.3 2/4 50 22 4 6 2
Totals 240 1447 6 353/629 56.1 171/460 37.2 228/313 72.8 1070 241 553 161
Averages 240 1447 6 353/629 56.1 171/460 37.2 228/313 72.8 4.5 1 2.3 0.7
1999/00 Avtodor Saratov 14 46 3.3 15/25 60 2/7 28.6 10/13 76.9 33 16 12 4
2000/01 Avtodor Saratov 40 510 12.8 160/283 56.5 18/63 28.6 136/222 61.3 319 85 100 55
2002/03 CSKA Moscow 30 265 8.8 58/93 62.4 29/58 50 62/73 84.9 178 45 75 16
2003/04 CSKA Moscow 32 219 6.8 43/72 59.7 26/57 45.6 55/75 73.3 126 42 56 31
2004/05 Portland Trail Blazers 32 135 4.2 50/113 44.2 4/11 36.4 23/42 54.8 108 20 25 18
2005/06 Portland Trail Blazers 69 403 5.8 148/312 47.4 10/30 33.3 77/111 69.4 307 50 88 29
2006/07 Chicago Bulls 33 73 2.2 27/64 42.2 0/6 0 19/26 73.1 57 10 21 1
2007/08 Chicago Bulls 9 32 3.6 12/30 40 0/1 0 8/14 57.1 20 6 8 0
CSKA Moscow 16 171 10.7 49/81 60.5 14/40 35 31/39 79.5 112 22 47 11
2008/09 CSKA Moscow 31 264 8.5 60/103 58.3 25/88 28.4 69/88 78.4 233 59 84 27
2009/10 CSKA Moscow 27 226 8.4 59/107 55.1 21/78 26.9 45/68 66.2 229 61 106 28
2010/11 CSKA Moscow 5 16 3.2 4/12 33.3 1/6 16.7 5/6 83.3 17 2 8 0
2012/13 CSKA Moscow-PBL 12 97 8.1 30/49 61.2 7/23 30.4 16/22 72.7 92 17 47 2
CSKA Moscow-VTB 27 235 8.7 64/136 47.1 20/58 34.5 47/60 78.3 189 37 12 13
2014/15 CSKA Moscow 13 82 6.3 24/41 58.5 5/18 27.8 19/24 79.2 75 13 40 9
2015/16 CSKA Moscow 22 148 6.7 42/56 75.0 15/35 42.9 19/24 79.2 83 18 52 10
2016/17 CSKA Moscow 29 113 3.9 26/52 50.0 12/33 36.4 25/32 78.1 83 26 72 9
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2016-17Regular SeasonRound 11
December 08, 2016 CET: 20:00
Local time: 20:00 MEDIOLANUM FORUM
#GameONSocial
CSKA impresses in Milan without Teodosic, De Colo
Defending champion CSKA Moscow put on an offensive clinic in the third quarter and made a series of defensive stops in the second half, racing away to a 64-79 road win against EA7 Emporio Armani Milan on Thursday night at the Mediolanum Forum despite missing its top two scorers. Milan led 38-36 at halftime, but CSKA scored 30 points in the third quarter and allowed only 10 points in the fourth en route to a win that improved its record to 10-1 atop the standings, while Milan dropped to 4-7. CSKA played without its top two scorers, last season’s EuroLeague MVP Nando De Colo and All-EuroLeague playmaker and this season’s assist leader Milos Teodosic. And after some struggles in the first half, the visitors dominated in the second behind Dmitry Kulagin who scored a career-high 14 points, and Aaron Jackson who had 14 points, 5 assists, 5 rebounds and 3 steals. Cory Higgins netted 11 for CSKA, which hit 12 three-pointers while holding Milan to only 4-for-21 from long range. For the hosts, Miroslav Raduljica finished with 11 points and Ricky Hickman and Jamel McLean each scored 10 for Milan.
With Joel Freeland in lineup for the first time this season, Vitaly Fridzon and Jackson scored for CSKA early, and Victor Khryapa made a pair of defensive plays that helped CSKA to a 10-14 edge. But Rakim Sanders sparked Milan's run of 7 unanswered points to put the hosts up, and Hickman's three-point play helped the hosts to a 23-21 lead after 10 minutes. The hosts went up by 6, but Higgins, who hit one three-pointer late in the first quarter, hit two more in the second to tie things at 27-27. Before halftime, Hickman on one end and Dmitry Kulagin on the other had 5 points apiece, each with a three-pointer, before Jamel McLean’s steal and a big breakaway slam helped Milan lead 38-36 at halftime. After the break, however, CSKA came out on fire on offense. James Augustine started it off with a pair of baskets inside, before Semen Antonov hit 2 threes and assisted on a Nikita Kurbanov corner three-pointer. Dmitry Kulagin, Kyle Hines and Higgins all contributed in a 2-14 run that put CSKA up 46-57. Mantas Kalnietis and Dmitry Kulagin traded threes as the visitors held a 54-66 lead going into the fourth quarter. Jackson hit a pair of wide-open corner threes to extend the difference to 17 points early in the fourth and then dished a flashy bounce pass for a Hines dunk and a 55-74 advantage with eight minutes to go in the game. A Hines basket in heavy traffic broke the 20-point margin midway through the fourth. Milan turned to a zone defense that held CSKA scoreless for a stretch in the final minutes, but it was too little, too late for the hosts.
Referees: HIERREZUELO, DANIEL; JOVCIC, MILIVOJE; MAJKIC, MARIO
EA7 Emporio Armani Milan 23 15 16 10
CSKA Moscow 21 15 30 13
EA7 Emporio Armani Milan
1 MCLEAN, JAMEL 20:23 10 4/8 0/1 2/4 4 2 6 1 2 1 3 3 7
7 HICKMAN, RICKY 23:00 10 2/4 1/5 3/3 4 4 2 2 3 1 1 9 16
9 KALNIETIS, MANTAS 18:29 7 2/5 1/4 1 1 2 4
11 RADULJICA, MIROSLAV 19:37 11 5/8 1/2 1 2 3 2 1 2 3 4 12
12 DRAGIC, ZORAN 26:05 7 1/2 0/2 5/6 3 3 6 5 4 8
13 MACVAN, MILAN 11:52 0/2 2 2 3 1 2 1 1
14 PASCOLO, DAVIDE DNP - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
20 CINCIARINI, ANDREA 12:25 4 0/1 1/1 1/2 2 1 1
21 SANDERS, RAKIM 21:35 4 1/4 0/3 2/4 4 4 1 1 4 1 2 3 -2
23 ABASS, AWUDU 9:01 4 1/2 1/2 1 1 1 1 1 2
30 CERELLA, BRUNO 6:38 0/1 3 -4
43 SIMON, KRUNOSLAV 30:55 7 2/3 0/2 3/3 4 4 4 3 1 1 4 11
Totals 200:00 64 17/37 4/21 18/26 9 28 37 14 6 17 0 5 21 29 62
Head coach: REPESA, JASMIN
3 KULAGIN, DMITRY 21:43 14 3/5 2/5 2/2 1 4 5 2 1 1 3 2 15
5 AUGUSTINE, JAMES 10:40 4 2/2 1 1 2 1 1 2 4
7 FRIDZON, VITALY 22:57 9 1/4 1/3 4/4 3 3 3 1 1 1 2 4 13
9 JACKSON, AARON 34:16 14 4/5 2/5 0/1 5 5 5 3 6 1 4 19
11 ANTONOV, SEMEN 14:08 6 0/1 2/2 1 1 1 3 1 4
19 FREELAND, JOEL 6:52 3 1 -2
20 VORONTSEVICH, ANDREY 15:33 1 0/3 0/1 1/2 1 1 2 3 1 4 1 -1
22 HIGGINS, CORY 21:59 11 1/4 3/7 5 5 1 2 1 1 12
30 KULAGIN, MIKHAIL 5:44 5 1/3 2/2 2 4 1 -2
31 KHRYAPA, VICTOR 8:57 2 1/2 0/1 1 1 1 1
41 KURBANOV, NIKITA 14:48 5 1/1 1/2 7 7 3 2 1 3 2 12
42 HINES, KYLE 22:23 8 3/4 2/4 1 2 3 1 1 3 4 9
Head coach: ITOUDIS, DIMITRIS
REPESA, JASMIN
"It's acceptable to lose to CSKA, but it's not acceptable to lose playing a second half like we did tonight. The start of the third quarter was significant: two consecutive forced threes by Cinciarini and Dragic. And we stopped playing defense. It's unexplainable because the first half was excellent both defensively and offensively. No matter what level, I have always believed that you get out of difficult moments by playing as a team because all the heroes are two meters under the ground, buried. This is what happens when you don't execute like a team."
ITOUDIS, DIMITRIS
"I think that all wins are statement wins. I really have to congratulate this group of players, including of course my injured players that stayed in Moscow that would love to be here helping the team. But that’s what is the meaning of team. That’s what we said about the marathon. I think that overall if we watched the 64 points, we kept a very talented team to 64 at home. I think it’s one of our best defensive performances. We moved the ball well and I think we had the answers, even though in the first half the shot the ball better. I think overall we deserved to win. "
CINCIARINI, ANDREA
"It was a 40-minute game, but we stopped after 20. This cannot happen. We didn't move the ball and we didn't execute. That's the reason we lost."
JACKSON, AARON
"[Teodosic] is out; he’s done a lot for us, him and De Colo. It’s our job. When those players go down or need rest, it’s our job. We’re CSKA. We have to step up for them and that’s exactly what we did tonight. We played basketball real well as a team today. We moved the ball. Not only that, they averaged 90 points at home, we held them to 64 points. A great defensive effort. Coach came in at halftime and told us a few things that we needed to do and we did a good job making adjustments. "
CSKA Moscow celebrates
Dimitris Itoudis and Aaron Jackson celebrates - CSKA Moscow
Miroslav Raduljica - EA7 Emporio Armani Milan
Kyle Hines and Jamel McLean - EA7 Milan vs. CSKA Moscow
Mantas Kalnietis - EA7 Emporio Armani Milan
Aaron Jackson - CSKA Moscow
Bruno Cerella - EA7 Emporio Armani Milan
Cory Higgins - CSKA Moscow
Dmitry Kulagin - CSKA Moscow
Zoran Dragic - EA7 Emporio Armani Milan
Vitaly Fridzon - CSKA Moscow
Krunoslav Simon - EA7 Emporio Armani Milan
2019-20 2018-19 2017-18 2016-17 2015-16 2014-15 2013-14 2012-13 2011-12 2010-11 2009-10 2008-09 2007-08 2006-07 2005-06 2004-05 2003-04 2002-03 2001-02 2000-01
REGULAR SEASON PLAYOFFS FINAL FOUR
Round 1 Round 2 Round 3 Round 4 Round 5 Round 6 Round 7 Round 8 Round 9 Round 10 Round 11 Round 12 Round 13 Round 14 Round 15 Round 16 Round 17 Round 18 Round 19 Round 20 Round 21 Round 22 Round 23 Round 24 Round 25 Round 26 Round 27 Round 28 Round 29 Round 30
Maccabi FOX Tel Aviv 70
Brose Bamberg 85
December 7 18:45 CET LIVE FINAL
Fenerbahce Istanbul 87
Crvena Zvezda mts Belgrade 72
FC Barcelona Lassa 68
Panathinaikos Superfoods Athens 85
Galatasaray Odeabank Istanbul 58
Baskonia Vitoria Gasteiz 73
Darussafaka Dogus Istanbul 52
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Arnold Danielson's Blog
My travels along the Cote D'Azur
Arnold G. Danielson has split his time between the Maryland suburbs of Washington, DC and the Cote d’Azur since 2002 when he bought a home in Ste.-Maxime overlooking the Gulf of St.-Tropez. In 2010, he moved from Ste.-Maxime to the Mont Boron neighborhood in Nice. During these years he became fascinated with the varied history of the area and how it was influenced by outside forces starting with the Romans and ending with tourists from around the world.
Writing a history of the Cote d’Azur was a change of pace for the retired bank consultant, but he has always had a strong interest in history. In 2007, he published Consolidation of Banking: or How Five Banks bought 50% of America’s Biggest Business about an industry he knew well as both a banker and then as a founder and owner of a bank consulting firm, Danielson Associates. Danielson retired in 2006. He and his wife, Vivian, have been married for 48 years and have two children, David and Diane, and two grandchildren, Andrew and Julianne.
Cote d’Azur Blog
Alpes-Maritime
Gorge du Verdon
St.-Paul-de-Vence
St.-Raphael
Where Cote d’Azur Meets Provence
Corsica in Five Days
Trigance Castle and Gorge du Verdon
Suburban Artistic Hilltop Villages, St.-Paul-de-Vence and Mougins
Frejus, St.-Raphael and the Red Rocks
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School of Teacher Education
School of Teacher Education Staff
Research in the School of Teacher Education
Locations and Contact Info
Associate Professor Alan Bain
B Ed Dip Teach (SACAE), M Ed (UMaine), Ed D (WMich)
School of Teacher Education , Charles Sturt University
campus Bathurst
1431/2.46
abain@csu.edu.au
Research & Professional Engagement
My career is focused on addressing the perplexing whole-of-organisation challenge of making schools and universities better at learning and teaching. I have been engaged in the design and/or leadership of major organisational change projects in Asia, the Americas, and Australia. My theory and practice approach has attracted over 20 million dollars in grants, contracts and direct funding for software system development, transforming learning spaces, human resource models, curriculum innovation, and comprehensive organisational design.
My background includes serving as a strategic educational adviser to two major international computer corporations (at different times) and as a strategic consultant and speaker on educational change internationally. My books include Transforming the Measurement of Learning and Teaching in Higher Education. Routledge (Bain & Drengenberg, 2016); Rising to the Challenge of Transforming Higher Education. Springer (Bain & Zundans-Fraser, 2016);The Learning Edge: What technology can do to educate all children. Teachers College Press (Bain & Weston, 2011); The Self-Organizing School. Rowman & Littlefield (Bain, 2007), and The Self-Organizing University. Springer (Bain & Zundans-Fraser, 2017) which was informed by experiences with change processes at CSU. I am currently working on a new book with colleagues on the future of teacher preparation.
My portfolio of scholarly research includes publications in international peer-reviewed education, psychology, and technology journals that describe theory, and research-to-practice projects for technology mediated change in educational organisations. I enjoy doctoral supervision and currently lead a team of students working on a range of projects related to my theory to practice approach.
In addition to my work at CSU, I have held continuing faculty appointments at the University of Western Australia and Lehigh University in the USA and received competitive Faculty, University, State and National awards for leadership and innovation, teaching, and research in the United States and Australia. I served as Associate Headmaster of Brewster Academy, a college preparatory school in the United States, leading a multi-million dollar comprehensive school design and change project for over a decade.
When not teaching, researching or consulting, I am a keen very amateur adventurer and have sailed the Pacific from the US to Hawaii and across the Tasman Sea to New Zealand as well as completing a number of long distance cycling adventures in the US and Australia.
I am a research practitioner. This means that I research and write about what I do in applied settings working with colleagues and communities building better theory and practice to create change in educational organisations. As such, my work is an emergent expression of engagement with the profession. Most recently, I served as Director of the Smart Learning Initiative at Charles Sturt University working with university leadership, the Smart Learning team, and faculty members of the university to take on the challenging task of becoming a leader in learning and teaching. That work has produced two books (below) with one in progress entitled the Self-Organizing University and a suite of software tools.
Prior to the Smart Learning Initiative, I worked with the Inclusive Education Team at CSU on innovative approaches to course design that has produced two doctoral theses with two in progress as well as numerous publications. This work also resulted in three successful competitive tenders for the team, two from the NSW Department of Education and one with the Catholic Education Office - Parramatta.
I served as Associate Headmaster of Brewster Academy working for over a decade with the community to build a comprehensive model of school change and innovation. This included designing a software operating system for the school, designing the model of career progression and remuneration, professional development, and curriculum development as well as consulting on the design of physical space for a school focused on research-based learning and teaching. This work transformed the school educationally in a manner that also secured its fiscal position in the competitive US independent school marketplace. Further, the experience created the opportunity to engage with a learning community in a deep and sustained authentic change process described in my 2007 book, the Self-Organizing School as well as many journal publications.
In addition, I have consulted on major change projects in Thailand, Hong Kong, Brazil, and the US and led an international educational consulting group for five years that provided organisational design, including technology planning, software design, and professional development to school leaders from Europe, Canada, The United States, Hong Kong, Australia, New Zealand and Thailand. The work undertaken in a consulting capacity stemmed from the testing of ideas and concepts derived from the self-organising school project. Working with colleagues and organisations, my work has attracted extensive direct and indirect funding. Following is a sample of the grants and contracts that have either funded my work in collaboration with colleagues or resulted from those efforts.
Dell/Intel Outcomes Project: Classroom Technologies and School Reform. Co-Principal Researcher. Software Architecture and Research Design 3,000,000.00 US Dollars.
Roy Foundation - Development of the School Design Model
Classroom Space and Network Video Pilot- field-testing video-based classroom feedback system employing emerging video-telephony technology. 245,000 US dollars
Special Education Teacher Retraining and Accelerated Teacher Training Programs for the NSW Department of Education and Training Program. 500,000.00 dollars
Catholic Education Office Parramatta-Design, Retraining and Research Inclusive Education Teachers 80,000.00 dollars
Morris Foundation - Distance Learning Software Design 50,000 US Dollars
The Edward E. Ford Foundation - School Tools Operating
System Curriculum Development. The development of a network of software tools for the evolution of a self-organizing schools. 100,000 US dollars
Carlisle Foundation – School Tools Operating System. Development of a Suite of Tools for Personnel Evaluation, Curriculum Authoring and Enrolment Management. 100,000 US dollars
I enjoy teaching in all formats. My teaching has been recognised with the following awards:
Australian Award for University Teaching (OLT) – National Award (Bain, Zundans-Fraser, McDonagh, Lancaster, Auhl & Newell)
Distinguished Teaching Award The University of Western Australia, Perth Western Australia
Charles Sturt University - Faculty Teaching Award
I have taught in the following areas:
Inclusive Studies;
Designing and Managing Inclusive Learning Environments;
Assessment and Evaluation for Learning;
Collaboration and Team work;
Teaching and Learning in the Inclusive Classroom;
School Design and Reform;
Technology and School Reform;
Change Agency and Leadership;
Curriculum Design and School Reform;
Technology Policy and Planning;
Performance Appraisal and Feedback;
Models of Teaching and Instruction;
Classroom Behavior Management;
Program Evaluation;
Behavioral Assessment;
Education of the Gifted and Talented;
Research Issues in Education;
Teaching and Assessing Individuals with Mild Handicaps;
Computers in Special Education;
Assessment of Individuals with Mild Handicaps;
Research and Evaluation Techniques;
Writing the Honors Degree Proposal
Designed and co-implemented Brewster Summer Institute, Wolfeboro, New Hampshire, a field based training program for teachers including training in authentic assessment, technology, cooperative and collaborative learning and curriculum design. Designed and co-implemented FutureSchool Institute, an international training program for school change agents including the design of policy, needs assessment, curriculum and personnel programs. The program included public and private school and system level leaders from eight nations.
I have served in the following leadership capacities:
Director, Smart Learning Initiative - Office of the Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Academic). Charles Sturt University.
Sub-Dean Curriculum and Faculty Development - Faculty of Education. Charles Sturt University.
Graduate Programs Co-ordinator (Inclusive Education) Charles Sturt University
Associate Head of School - Brewster Academy Wolfeboro, New Hampshire. USA
Major Publications ( since 2009)
Books, Monographs, Chapters
Newell, C., & Bain, A. (2018). Team-Based Collaboration in Higher Education Learning and Teaching: A Review of the Literature.Singapore: Springer
Zundans-Fraser, L., Hill, B., & Bain, A. (2017). “Strong foundations, stronger futures: Using theory-based design to embed Indigenous Australian content in a teacher education programme”. In Paul Whitinui, Carmen Rodriguez de France and Onowa McIvor (eds.) Promising practices in indigenous teacher education, Springer Education.
Bain, A., & Zundans-Fraser, L. (2017). The Self-organizing University: Designing the Higher Education Organization for Quality Learning and Teaching. Springer Singapore. DOI:10.1007/978-981-10-4917-0
Bain, A., & Drengenberg, N. (2016). Transforming the Measurement of Learning and Teaching in Higher Education. New York: Routledge.
Bain, A., & Zundans-Fraser, L. (2016). Rising to the challenge of transforming higher education: Designing universities for learning and teaching Singapore: Springer Nature
Bain, A.,& Weston, M.E. (2012). The learning edge: What technology can do to educate all children. New York: Teachers’ College Press.
Bain, A. (2011). The self-organizing school theory: Leading change for learning. In T. Townsend & J. MacBeath (Eds.), International Handbook of Leadership for Learning, London: Springer Verlag.
Bain, A. (2010). Understanding learning and communication difficulties. In J. Higgs, R. Ewing & T. Lowrie, (Eds.), Communicating in professional experience contexts in teacher education. Oxford University Press.
Lancaster, J., & Bain, A. (2019). Do judgements about pre-service teachers’ self-efficacy covary with their capacity to design and deliver evidence-based practice? International Journal of Inclusive Education, 1-16. doi:10.1080/13603116.2019.1579873
Lancaster, J., & Bain, A. (2019). Designing University Courses to Improve Pre-Service Teachers' Pedagogical Content Knowledge of Evidence-Based Inclusive Practice. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 44(2), 51-65.
Lancaster, J., & Bain, A. (2018). Teacher preparation and the inclusive practice of pre-service teachers: A comparative follow-up study International Journal of Inclusive Education, doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2018.1523954 .
Drengenberg, N., & Bain, A. (2016). If all you have is a hammer, everything begins to look like a nail – how wicked is the problem of measuring productivity in higher education? Higher Education Research & Development. DOI:10.1080/07294360.2016.1208640
Zundans-Fraser, L.& Bain, A. (2015).How do institutional practices for course design and review address areas of need in higher education? Higher Education Research and Development. doi: 10.1080/07294360.2015.1137883
Zundans-Fraser, L., & Bain, A. (2015). The role of collaboration in a comprehensive programme design process in inclusive education. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 20(2), 136-148, doi: 10.1080/13603116.2015.1075610
Weston, M. E. and Bain, A. (2014). Bridging the research-to-practice gap in education: A software-mediated approach for improving classroom instruction. British Journal of Educational Technology,46(3), 608-618. doi: 10.1111/bjet.12157
Grima-Farrell, C.,&Bain, A., &McDonagh, S.(2012). Bridging the research to practice gap: A review of the literature focusing on inclusive education, Australasian Journal of Special Education, 35(2), 117-136.
Bain, A., Walker, A., & Chan, A. (2011). Self-Organization and Capacity Building: Sustaining the Change. Journal of Educational Administration, 49(6), 701-719.
Bain, A., & Swan G. (2011). Tools for reform: Professional Growth Tools: Knowledge Management from Feedback. Educational Technology Research and Development, 59(5), 673-68.
Bain, A. (2010). A longitudinal study of the practice fidelity of a site-based school reform. Australian Educational Researcher, 37(1), 107-124.
Lancaster, J., & Bain, A. (2010).The design of pre-service inclusive education courses and their effects on self-efficacy: a comparative study. Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, 38(2), 117-128.
Weston, M. & Bain, A. (2010). The end of techno-critique: The truth about educational change and 1:1 laptop initiatives. The Journal of Technology Learning and Assessment, 9(6),http://escholarship.bc.edu/jtla/vol9/6/
Bain, A. Lancaster, J., Zundans, L., & Parkes, R.J. (2009). Embedding evidence-based practice in pre-service teacher preparation. Teacher Education and Special Education, 32, 215-225.
Professorial Staff
Alan Bain
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How Goma Chaudhary went from earning 30,000 rupees to 3 lakh rupees in 3 years - Blogs
Posted By Krishna Thapa on 8/23/18 5:51 AM
By Deepak Adhikari
After she moved with her school teacher husband to Salli Bazaar, a small town in Salyan district twenty years ago, Goma Chaudhary opened a small convenience store to support the family of six. Her husband, Samuj Lal Chaudhary, taught science and math at a school which took him two hours to reach on foot, earning only 16,000 rupees a month, an amount grossly inadequate to pay for his monthly expenses.
The couple had invested 50,000 rupees in the small store selling everything from cigarettes to chocolates. “But a lot of our sales were on credit. We didn’t have money to invest in a bigger grocery store,” Chaudhary recalled. At the time, Salli Bazaar had only about 40 stone and mud houses. Now the bustling highway town boasts over 100 houses most of them concrete buildings. The growth can be partly attributed to the paved road that connects Salyan with Surkhet district. The highway has attracted people from far flung areas. Samuj Lal estimated people from as many as 20 districts have settled down here.
Realising that their small business wasn’t helping them earn much, the two invested in goats. They started with two goats and now have 10 of them. Ever the enterprising entrepreneurs, the Chaudharys switched to vegetable farming after it dawned on them that they were spending some 12,000 rupees every year for vegetable alone.
Four years ago, Chaudhary sold off her tiny store and started to grow vegetables in a small plot of land in Salli Bazaar. She made 30,000 rupees selling vegetables in the first year. Over the years, her production has grown significantly.
In the beginning, she feared that she may not be able to pay the lease of 5,000 rupees for the farmland. She has now leased five ropanis of land on a vast expanse of farmland few yards from the highway. She now earns up to 3 lakh rupees selling tomatoes, beans, cabbage and cauliflower. Recently, the couple added a second storey to their concrete home in the village of Bannarjhula in Saptari district. The Chaudharys also have bought a plot in Salli Bazaar.
The 44-year-old is the chair of the 24-member all women Radha Krishna Fresh Vegetable Group. The High Value Agriculture Project group had 14 members when it was formed in 2013. The idea was to empower women so that they could join market based businesses. The HVAP did so by training the farmers on technical and management aspects and linking them to emerging markets along road corridors.
The HVAP also helped the group prepare business plan to attract funds. The most impactful initiative from the project was Business Literary Class (BLC), which brings together about 25 semi-literate women (and some men) from marginalized communities and trains them on basics of accounting. Classes include lessons on operating calculator and mobile phones. A woman trainer teaches them how to use calculator for transaction. They also learn about benefit of being part of the value chain and their role in it.
For women who missed out on education during their formative years, resulting on lack of knowhow that others take it for granted, the BLC has proved invaluable. It has brought about fundamental changes in their life, which they could have spent within the confines of their homes and farm fields, missing the opportunity that’s all around them.
Goma Chaudhary and her fellow trainees have been able to organize themselves, maintain farmers’ diary and conduct their businesses, thanks to BLC. “Earlier, there was real possibility of being cheated by traders because we didn’t know how to add or subtract. Now we know. This has boosted our confidence,” she said.
The group has benefited from the project in other ways as well. All the 14 members save 500 rupees (up from 100 rupees) a month in their collective fund, which they use for raising goats or poultry. Chaudhary and others have also taken advantage of the HVAP’s support for upgrading their vegetable farming. The project invests 75 percent for farming infrastructure such as tunnel for tomato or irrigation system. The farmers bear the reaming 25 percent of the investment.
Another aspect of HVAP’s support is technical expertise. Chaudhary recalled that until a few years ago, she grew vegetables without proper knowledge. “I used to farm in a haphazard manner. I didn’t know that beans don’t grow in the month of Chait (mid-March to mid-April),” she said. But now she can count on an agriculture expert based in Salli Bazaar. Since February, 2017, Nageshwar Nayak, a horticulturist, has been posted to Salli Bazaar to help farmers tackle diseases and other problems they face.
Indeed, farmers like Chaudhary need a lot of help. Farming is not only labor intensive, requiring constant work and vigil; a host of factors such as weather patterns, diseases, irrigation also impact the harvest. Despite the challenges, Chaudhary is already thinking of upgrading her farm. Lack of irrigation in the arid area, which largely depends on monsoon rains, is one of their concerns. But Radha Krishna Fresh Vegetable Group, under Chaudhary’s leadership, is already seeking solution to the lack of irrigation that is preventing them from increasing their yield. Options such as lift irrigation and drip irrigation have been discussed. With support from projects like HVAP, they are willing to contribute some funds to the project.
Chaudhary has endured hard times. Twenty years ago, she was a 14-year-old student at Bageshwari Secondary School in Rakam village of Surkhet when her teacher Samuj Lal started to court her after the death of his first wife. His first wife, who died of paralysis, left behind a toddler son. At the tender age, Chaudhary had to raise the two-year-old, who is now a 22-year-old engineering student. She herself gave birth to two girls and a boy. All of them have now grown up.
What makes Chaudhary happy these days is not the ripening tomato on her farm, but her daughter’s academic achievement. Her 18-year-old daughter Menuka Chaudhary is studying to become a Junior Technical Assistant, that much sought-after profession among farmers. “My wife is leading the group and she’s doing good. My daughter is studying to become a JTA. We hope to achieve prosperity from vegetable farming,” said her husband Samuj Lal Chaudhary.
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Weaving success of rural women in Sabangan, Mt. Province, Philippines
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Fonds F0301 - Danny Grossman Dance Company fonds
Danny Grossman Dance Company fonds
Danny Grossman Dance Company
ca. 7 m of textual records
ca. 300 photographs : col. and b&w ; 25 x 20 cm or smaller
ca. 40 photographs : negatives
0.36 m of graphic material
110 moving image records
43 videocassettes : Betacam
20 videocassettes : VHS
ca. 40 posters : 75 x 54 cm or smaller
37 audio reels
7 audiocassettes
Founded in 1975 by Danny Grossman, the Danny Grossman Dance Company (DGDC) is a modern dance company that was legally incorporated as the Danny Williams Grossman Dance Company in 1977. Considered as one of Canada’s most popular modern-dance troupes, the company toured extensively in Canada and performed globally across Europe, Israel, South America, and the United States. It toured in more than seventeen countries and has appeared at major dance festivals including Jacob’s Pillow. Its mission is to provide the environment, opportunity and support for the creation, performance and preservation of works by Danny Grossman. The company’s artistic statement is to present dance that is about humanity: clear, concise, daring, and universal – not afraid of subject matter. The company’s repertoire of 30 original works reflects Danny Grossman’s personal values of equality, pacificism, honesty courage, social responsibility, sympathy for the underdog and a willingness to reveal demons.
During the first two years, four company dancers (Danny Grossman, Judy Hendon, Erik Bobrow, Greg Parks,) were also members of the Toronto Dance Theatre as dancers, apprentices, and students. Working under the umbrella of TDT, DGDC practised after hours and undertook extended residencies and performances at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor and at Simon Fraser University in British Columbia. Follow the success of Higher on tour to Miami and New York in 1976, the company was invited to perform at the New York Dance Festival, the Dance in Canada Conference in Halifax, and in the cultural festivities of the 21st Olympiad in Montreal in 1976.
By 1978 the company was established on a fulltime basis and would rehearse in the evenings at the National Ballet School studios. The six members DGDC (with Randy Glynn and Judith Miller joining the founding dancers) embarked on its first tour of Western Canada with Peter Sever as manager and Germain Pierce as wardrobe supervisor. Afterwards, the company moved to its own studio space on King Street, Hendon left and Pamela Grundy (who would later become Co-Artistic Director) and Trish Armstrong joined by audition.
In the 1980s, the company entered into an extended period of creative work to build a new repertoire in preparation for upcoming tours in North America and Europe. In 1988, the company expanded its repertoire to remount 15 revivals from Canadian artists (Patricia Beatty, Paula Ross, Lawrence Gradus, Judy Jarvis, Anna Blewchamp) and some American choreographers (Charles Weidman and Paul Taylor). Throughout the 1990s and early 2000s, the company would performance and tour primarily in Canada.
The company has also collaborated and co-produced with artists of different techniques, cultures, and disciplines including Judy Jarvis, Lawrence Gradus, Rina Singha, and Brainerd Blyden-Taylor. Collaborations also assisted the company to maximise resources through initiatives such as For Dance and Opera (a joint booking project to meet tour management needs) and 509 Parliament St (joint studio space for Canadian Children’s Dance Theatre and independent artists). The company also belonged to Dance 2020 (workgroup of members of Toronto dance community to set priorities and visions for the future), Arts 4 Change (a program designed to create positive change for and by arts professionals in Toronto), and Artsvote (a campaign to educate local voters and politicians about issues in the cultural sector). The company also engaged in educational initiatives with local school groups, community groups, and undertook residency programs on tour.
With shrinking grants to fund operations, the company stopped performing in 2008 and shifted its focus on teaching and preserving Grossman’s choreography. The company travels to schools and teaches works to students at institutions such as Adelphi University.
Grossman, Danny
Daniel (Williams) Grossman is an American dancer, choreographer and instructor. His company, the Danny Grossman Dance Company performed the majority of his choreography. His works are also included companies such as the National Ballet of Canada, Les Grands Ballets Canadiens, and the Paris Opera Ballet. His choreography set to a variety of music, with a preference for jazz, appealed to a broad audience through a distinctive movement idiom, directness of purpose, theatricality and a humanistic viewpoint. His social activist upbringing in San Francisco acted as the inspiration for the majority of his works.
Born on September 13, 1942, in San Francisco, his parents influenced his participation in social activism. At ten years of age, he walked his first picket line. As a student, he took part in the Berkley student demonstrations of the 1960s.
Grossman was first introduced to dance in grade school through folk dancing. In high school, he was a dancing cheerleader with friend Margaret Jenkin. He also studied dance with her under Welland Lathrop.
While attending the San Francisco Community College in 1960, he was mentored by Gloria Unti. During this time, he was also a dancer for Unti and Lathrop’s companies. By 1962, Grossman decided to leave college, move to New York City, and train with Gertrude Shurr and May O’Donnell. A summer session at Connecticut College, the home of the American Dance Festival, he met David Earle, the future founder of the Toronto Dance Theatre (TDT), and Paul Taylor at There, Taylor invited Grossman to join his company.
From 1963 to 1973, Grossman toured with the Paul Taylor Dance Company (PTDC). Grossman used the stage name Daniel Williams as Taylor wanted a more American-Ohio, middle-class sounding name on his roster of performers. During this time, Grossman was also known as Dynamo Danny, a nickname started by Taylor.
In 1973, invited to teach summer school at TDT and then offered a contract as a dancer for a year, Grossman moved to Canada. He then joined the York University Faculty of Dance as an Adjunct Professor. As a part-time professor, Grossman also worked at the TDT as a guest artist and choreographer. In 1975, Grossman met Judy Henton and choreographed Higher, a duet for the two of them. It's successful premier at the Burton Auditorium influenced Grossman’s decision to form his own company.
While getting DGDC off the ground, Grossman and his dancers were employed by the TDT. During the off-hours, Grossman worked on, choreographed for, and practised with his company. In 1976, Grossman choreographed three works: National Spirit, his first anti-establishment political statement about patriotism; the Couples Suite; and Triptych, a trio about abuse which projected hopelessness and despair. The first two were brought into the TDT’s repertoire. The same year, Grossman undertook a residency at the Performing Arts Workshop with Gloria Unti and taught a residency at Simon Fraser where her met Judy Jarvis with whom he would later choreograph Bella. He completed his first solo in 1977: the Curious School of Theatrical Dance, a paranoiac dance to death and redemption for a crippled harlequin set to music by Francois Couperin.
In 1978, when Grossman left TDT to work on his company full-time, he also received the Jean A. Calmers Award. He explored issues of homosexuality on stage with Nobody’s Business (1981) and again with Passion Symphony (1998), a pro-gay marriage piece. In 1982, Grossman choreographed Endangered Species which portrayed a post-apocalyptic world where the dancers fought against military oppression. In 1986, Grossman choreographed Hot House: Thriving on a Riff for the National Ballet of Canada.
Funding to develop new works and pay for company operations started to decline in the 1990s. By 2008, Grossman stopped creating works for his company and would shift its focus from performance to teaching.
Involved in community governance, Grossman participating in activities such as the 1994 Dance/USA National Task Force on Dance Education, the Board of Toronto arts Council as Co-Chair of the dance committee, the Artsvote campaign to education votes and politicians about issues in the cultural sector, and the Dance 2020 workgroup to set priorities and visions for the future of the Toronto dance community.
Fonds consists of the Danny Grossman Dance Company (DGDC) records generated from development; promotional; and professional associations, government councils, and conference; performance, touring, and educational initiatives activities. Danny Grossman's personal correspondence with family, friends, and industry professionals is also included in the fonds.
Some restrictions apply: 1998-002, 2002-57, 2016-055/001, 2016-055/003, and 2016-055/008.
The fonds comprises the following accessions:
Further accruals are expected.
Online exhibit: www.library.yorku.ca/binaries/ArchivesSpecialCollections/Grossman_Page/GROSSMANmainpage.htm
Toronto Dance Theatre (Subject)
Paul Taylor Dance Company (Subject)
2002/04/04 Jizi Chen:. Word Perfect (Creation)
2003/04/16 Shannon MacDonald. Added URL for online finding aid. Updated wording in accruals, access restrictions. Removed note re: supplied title.
2003/05/07 Shannon MacDonald. Added URL for York Archives and Special collections virtual exhibit.
2003/06/20 Sean Smith. Added related records field.
2016/02/22 KCP: Updated to include 2016-055 accession, added restriction to fonds level, updated fonds date.
2018/03 KCP. Imported older accessions.
2016/04/44 KCP. Updated GMD, authority records, and language of material.
2018/05/16 KCP. Grouped accessions that are not in series and updated extent of fonds to reflect those accessions.
2019/05/31 KCP. Mended migrated metadata. Added general notes to fonds and items levels stored offsite.
Danny Grossman Dance Company (Creator)
Grossman, Danny (Creator)
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Updating with style and light
Nancy Ben-Asher Ozeri
When Lynne moved into Phoenix’s Arcadia neighborhood in 1976, the setting was ideal for her young family. “I loved the house because Arcadia at the time was just a perfect neighborhood to raise my family. We had almond trees, we had a fig tree, naval and juice oranges. It was just gorgeous,” says Lynne.
But as their children got older and moved away, she knew it was time to change things up in this 1965-era home. Just not all at once. Over the last 15 years, Lynne worked with interior designer Barbara Kaplan to upgrade the house, one room at a time. She wanted style, but not a museum.
The result is a home that feels tasteful and contemporary, but still comfortable to live in, while retaining its mid-century charm.
“We didn’t want anything formal,” says Lynne. “I grew up in a formal house. … we couldn’t walk into the living room. I didn’t want to ever have to do that.”
The white linoleum floor was the first to go, replaced with eight-inch caramel tiles. “I had the option, years later, to trade them out for more modern, bigger tiles. I didn’t want to do that. There is something about my tile and the art deco feel that it gives my house that wasn’t going to get changed,” she says.
The first room to get a new treatment was the living room. Lynne and Barbara started out by picking a carpet and then redesigned the room around it. That meant removing a green Formica bar where the entertainment center now stands. Lynne says, “We ripped the living room apart except for the brick,” which Barbara suggested painting black – brick by brick. She had the original idea of leaving the grout a neutral color, so that it would look like black brick rather than a painted red brick wall. Needless to say, it was painstaking work, but the effect was well worth it.
“My living room is all caramel and black, with red touches in the pillows, paintings, glasswork and the artwork. With the lights on at night, and shining on the glasswork, it’s just perfect,” she. “It really is a fun room.”
Another highlight of the living room is the front door, which was replaced with custom-designed glass that picks up the color of the tile and the exterior brick in a curving pattern reminiscent of river rock. Barbara sites the glass door as a great example of how to create a new look for an older home, while leaving it structurally intact.
The master bedroom was redone more recently. As was typical of homes built in the 1960s, the master bedroom and bath were relatively small, so Barbara worked with an architect and contractor to build out and expand the master suite by an additional 200 square feet. To balance out the enlarged space she added an oversized picture window, bringing the garden into the bedroom. The muted blues, grays and browns enhance the sense of the master bedroom as a private sanctuary. Lynne says she loves feeling like she’s in the garden, while sitting in bed or on the loveseat facing the window. She describes it as the perfect place to chill at night.
“My patio, my garden is part of the inside of the house,” says Lynne. Throughout the house, changes were made to bring in more light and greenery from the outside. “I wanted every room to be full of light.” This is especially noticeable in the dining room, where a mirrored wall reflects the garden visible through large picture windows. “For me, it’s magical, because I wake up and I feel like I’m on vacation every day. The outside is breathtaking.”
Although the kitchen got a facelift in the earlier stages, it is still a work in progress. Initially, Barbara kept the original cabinets, updating them with angular handles and new stain. “My kitchen is spectacular, even without newer counters and appliances,” says Lynne. That said, she envisions the possibilities and looks forward to working with Barbara to bring the next phase to fruition.
Photo by Scott Sandler
About Nancy Ben-Asher Ozeri
Add Joy to Spring Cleaning
How to Safely Tackle Home Projects
5 DIY Winter Home Repair Hacks
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Friday, May 10th
9:30pm-10:30pm |$20/$25/$35
A WEEK OF JAZZ LEGENDS - THE GRAND CULMINATION!
LEGENDARY JAZZ PIANIST HAROLD MABERN TRIO WITH DRUM LEGEND JOE FARNSWORTH & BASS GREAT MICHAEL ZISMAN
An ageless wonder, Harold Mabern remains one of the most powerful and important pianists in jazz! The New Yorker says: “Harold Mabern may just be the hardest working octogenarian in jazz. To celebrate his eighty-third birthday, the hard-bop patriarch will do what he does best: “get out of the house and play some gigs!” And a celebration it will be at Black Cat! 4 nights celebrating Mabern, and revisiting some of his greatest Blue Note recording moments, including Hank Mobley’s “Dippin” and Lee Morgan’s “The Gigolo”. Mabern is “one of our last living piano legends…his affinity for the blues honed from Memphis, through the Windy City, and years in the Big Apple!” As a young pianist in Memphis, Mabern met a young cafe server who was then known as Anna Mae Bullock. He helped spawn her musical career that evolved into “Tina Turner”: 12 Grammys, a Lifetime Achievement Award, and the sale of 200 million albums.
Knowing that bit of history, it’s no surprise that The New York TImes described Mabern’s piano style as being “aggressive, very positive, crashing out chords that drop like pile drivers and warming up and down the keyboard with huge whooping bursts of action…while showing a keen sensitivity as an extremely perceptive accompanist.” Mabern regularly headlines the top NYC jazz venues, including the venerable Village Vanguard, Smoke, and Jazz Standard.
Being back in the San Francisco “historic Tenderloin jazz district” will bring back great memories for Mabern: in 1963 he spent 6 weeks at the Black Hawk with Miles Davis! Mabern has played and recorded with all the legends — Miles, Cannonball Adderley, Freddie Hubbard, Jackie McLean, Hank Mobley, Sarah Vaughan, Lee Morgan, Ron Carter, Christian McBride, Jimmy Cobb, Wes Montgomery, Sonny Rollins, Roy Haynes, Betty Carter, Grant Green, and the list goes on.
Mabern’s rhythm section — drummer Joe Farnsworth and bassist Michael Zisman — react to the bluesy and hard-bop machinations of Mabern’s pianistics with the intimacy of family members.
Featuring DJ Owen Velez spinning jazz vinyl in between sets, until 2 AM! Come to the first show if possible because you will want to return!!!
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What are we fighting for? White Privilege or Racial Justice in the death of Akai Gurley
Guest Post by OiYan Poon
Second-degree manslaughter. Manslaughter is legally defined as an "unintentional homicide from criminally negligent or reckless conduct. It can also refer to an unintentional killing through commission of a crime other than a felony."
As I witness fellow Chinese Americans, including family, protest former NYPD officer Peter Liang's manslaughter conviction in the death of Akai Gurley, I struggle to make sense of it all.
Family elders tell me to have compassion for Liang. "It was an accident. He was a rookie cop. Don't lump him together with bad cops. The bullet bounced off the wall and into Gurley's body," they say. They question why white officers like Darren Wilson and Daniel Pantaleo, who killed unarmed African Americans like Michael Brown in Ferguson and Eric Garner in New York City, get to walk free. "Liang is being used by a racist system as a scapegoat for bad policing," they say.
On the specifics of the case, I disagree with my elders. Liang unintentionally shot Akai Gurley, the father of a 2 year-old girl, but then did not try to save his life, and called his supervisor instead of an ambulance. His reckless behavior fits the definition of manslaughter.
While my elders believe Liang should not have been convicted in the death of Akai Gurley, I disagree that Liang should be granted the same unjust immunity that white officers have received in the killings of unarmed Black men. Liang is not the only police officer who has taken an innocent life, and he should not be the only one held accountable for doing so. Those who are angered by the double standard between how the state holds white and Chinese American officers accountable must fight in solidarity with African Americans and other people of color to transform a broken justice system.
I am surprised by my elders' sudden political engagement, and have so many questions.
What are they really mad about? Are they mad that a Chinese American officer didn't get away with killing an unarmed Black man the way white officers have? Or are they truly trying to highlight how the criminal justice system unfairly privileges whites and creates second class citizens of people who are not white? If they are sincerely interested in drawing attention to the ways systemic racism harms Asian Americans and African Americans, I would expect to see them at future #BlackLivesMatter protests over continued police violence directed at African Americans.
What is it about Peter Liang and his conviction that is riling up a previously, generally politically apathetic population ? Where were they when NYPD officers unjustly beat up 84 year-old Kang Chun Wong for jaywalking in New York City Chinatown, when Chicago police assaulted Chinese immigrant Jessica Klyzek, or when a Minneapolis police officer was acquitted of gunning down 19 year-old Fong Lee?
As the daughter of Chinese immigrants, I have experienced and witnessed both covert and overt anti-Asian racism, which has generally been overlooked by U.S. society and the state. These experiences allow me to empathize with and appreciate African American struggles, and motivate my fight for social justice and research on Asian Americans, education, and racism. We should fight for our dignity and rights. However, I am deeply disturbed by the current Peter Liang campaign, which inherently argues for maintaining police immunity in the perpetration of racial violence against unarmed citizens. If that's our cause, how then would we fight for Asian American victims of similar police violence?
In the end, history and morality tell us that fighting from a self-interested position is only self-defeating. Historically, Chinese Americans and other Asian Americans have tried to legally gain the privileges of whiteness and failed. On the other hand, Chinese Americans have also fought alongside other people of color for racial justice and won transformative systemic changes that benefit people of all races.
As the daughter of Chinese immigrants, I have often felt culturally and linguistically distant from my elders. However, as someone who benefited from the love and nurturing of my immigrant elders, and as the new mother of a third generation Chinese American child, I want to have an inter-generational conversation about how we can advocate together for our struggles and still respect and support the humanity of others.
Just as in the past, we have a choice to either fight for a racist system that privileges whites to also benefit Asian Americans, or for a transformative systemic change that benefits everyone.
OiYan Poon is an Assistant Professor of Higher Education at Loyola University Chicago. Her research focuses on Asian Americans, education, and racial equity.
FILE UNDER: #justiceforakaigurley, akai gurley, crime, guest post, new york city, nypd, oiyan poon, peter liang, police
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Watch the Trailer for "The Razorback Family: Generations"
Posted by alumniblog | Jan 14, 2010 | Alumni, Members, News & Announcements, Students, Uncategorized | 4 |
The third in a series, “The Razorback Family: Generations,” will premiere during the 2010 Pride of Arkansas Tour in February. Produced by UA Productions and the Arkansas Alumni Association, the video features the work of University of Arkansas students Clint Fullen ’10, Joel Eikenberry ’10, Erin Gilleece ’07, ’10 and Kelly Brophy ’13.
You may see people you recognize in the video as University of Arkansas graduates share memories of their alma mater and what it means to be a Razorback while historical campus photos flash on the screen. One graduate tells of her family, which boasts five generations of University of Arkansas alumni.
The video is part of the 30-minute program at each of the 47 stops across Arkansas and in chapter areas of Texas, Oklahoma and Missouri. This year’s journey will include an added stop in Hope, and three separate events in the Little Rock area, giving those residents more convenient options.
Find a Tour Stop Near You Today!
While the goal of the tour is to celebrate the Pride of Arkansas – our current and future alumni, this is also your opportunity to learn more about what’s happening at the University of Arkansas and the Arkansas Alumni Association. Plus, you will have the chance to connect with alumni who live in your area. And, of course, no Alumni event would be complete without Calling the Hogs.
The kick-off event will be at the Arkansas World Trade Center in Rogers on Feb. 1, and the grand finale is scheduled for Feb. 26 at the Janelle Y. Hembree Alumni House in Fayetteville. Even if there’s no tour stop in your hometown, we encourage you to find one near you, bring your family and friends, and come join us at any of the Pride of Arkansas Tour stops.
PreviousMarcus Hopkins Credits University of Arkansas Professors for his Success
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University of Arkansas is a Family Tradition for Charlotte Banister
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Outstanding University of Arkansas Faculty to be Honored
AKA KAPPA IOTA 40TH ANNIVERSARY
Aaron on January 15, 2010 at 2:52 pm
I love Fayetteville and the U of A. Hard to find a place with so many different elements which come together to produce a beautiful and unique place to live. The hippies (who became farmers and academics), the business people (who still are), the students (who breathe life into what used to be a quiet college town in rural Arkansas), and the indigenous inhabitants all come together to create an atmosphere like no other…awesome place…can’t wait to come back.
I love Fayetteville and the U of A. Hard to find a place with so many different elements which come together to produce a beautiful and unique place to live. The hippies (who became farmers and academics), the business people (who still are), the students (who breathe life into what used to be a quiet college town in rural Arkansas), and the indigenous inhabitants all come together to create an atmosphere like no other…awesome place…can't wait to come back.
Laura Jacobs on February 3, 2010 at 9:19 pm
Can’t wait to see the full film!
Can't wait to see the full film!
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burnsmcd.com
Burns & McDonnell Named ESOP Company of the Year
by The Burns & McDonnell Team
It was a huge honor to learn last week that Burns & McDonnell was recognized by the ESOP Association as the 2012 Company of the Year. We’re proud to join the ranks of the dozens of other companies that have received this honor and have laid the foundation for what it means to be Company of the Year.
The ESOP Association presents this award annually to a company that embodies employee-ownership. They cited our internal and external promotion of ESOPs; our involvement with ESOP industry groups; our engagement with regulatory agencies and legislators; the various ways we educate, share and participate in the ESOP throughout the year; and our continuous celebratory and giving back initiatives.
“I’ve had the pleasure of visiting Burns & McDonnell, and it was an amazing experience,” said ESOP Association President J. Michael Keeling. “The employee-owners of Burns & McDonnell strive to make their company stronger each day. The company works to communicate the ESOP concept not only to the employee-owners but to the ESOP community at large.”
The ESOP Association represents employee-owned companies in America. Among its core beliefs are that employee ownership improves American competitiveness, increases productivity through greater employee participation, and strengthens our free enterprise economy. We have witnessed first-hand the benefits of our ESOP and have made internal and external ESOP education a top priority.
So what is ESOP anyway? It stands for employee stock ownership plan, and it simply means that our employees own the company through a tax-qualified retirement plan. Employee-ownership is the backbone of our company culture and it’s often the first thing that many of our employees cite as something that makes this a great place to work. And it’s also what pushes our employees to be better every day.
Last year we celebrated our 25th anniversary of employee ownership, and we’re thrilled that this achievement comes on the heels of such a significant milestone in our company’s history.
"It is an honor to be recognized as the ESOP Company of the Year," said Denny Scott, Burns & McDonnell chief administrative officer, who has served as president of the Heart of America Chapter of the ESOP Association. "Not only is it a recognition of the hard work we put into educating fellow employee-owners about our ESOP status, it is also a reminder of how fortunate we are to own the company we work for."
We accepted the award on May 9 at the 35th Annual ESOP Conference in Washington, D.C., where we were also honored with a Silver Award, which recognizes companies with 25 years or more as an ESOP, and two awards for communication excellence.
We’re thrilled to be named Company of the Year, and we owe a great big shout-out to the 3,500 employee-owners of our firm. So congratulations to all of you, and thank you to the ESOP Association for this truly remarkable recognition.
Subscribe to your source for timely news, happenings and perspective on issues across the AEC landscape.
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Exalted 2nd Edition
Character Creation and Progression
Dragon-Graced (Gaian Akuma)
Established Character Creation
Bluff Check
Nerdy stuff, done dirt cheap.
Welcome to the New Old School
March 7, 2014 March 7, 2014 kajata000
Dungeons and Dragons 1981, by TSR
My Dungeons and Dragons experience started in the first year of my university experience (some time in 2007, if I remember correctly), with me being invited to play in a D&D 3.5 game. I’d played Exalted for years, but I was completely uninitiated into the wider world of roleplaying games. One of my high school friends had simply asked me along to try this roleplaying thing, and I’d been hooked. Of course, I’d seen D&D in shops and the like, but when I did buy a starter set and took it home, it seemed completely alien.
As a person who had only ever played one roleplaying game, it seemed incredible to me that other games would have so vastly different and, seemingly, more complex rules. So I put any interest in Dwarves, Elves, Fighters and Rogues to the back of my mind, and stuck with Exalted, until late 2007, of course.
I’d been searching for a roleplaying game group to get into to get my gaming fix, and this was the only one accepting new players, so I went along and got stuck in. I can’t say I loved my first experience with Dungeons and Dragons, but it certainly piqued my interest, and within a few weeks I had my own PHB and was exploring all the various character options and how the mechanics worked. Discovering a new game is always fun.
Regardless, the above is all just a rather roundabout way of explaining that, as far as Dungeons and Dragons goes, I came late to the game. 3.5 always seemed old school to me, and in truth, and I never had any interest in delving backwards into D&D history. 4th was more to my liking than 3.5 ever was, and from there I’ve found other games that do a better job of hitting my fantasy adventure button (see Warhammer Fantasy Roleplay or Dungeon World).
However, this changed once again when a friend who now lives quite some distance away invited me to play in a game with him over IRC, another thing that I hadn’t done in quite some time. I used to use it quite a bit to discuss roleplaying games when I was at home and the only other people to discuss such things with in person were the people in my weekly game. Talking your master plan over with your players tends to take some of the suspense out of it. So when my friend mentioned the idea of playing a game over IRC, I was pretty interested. I think if he’d asked me 4 years ago, before I graduated and all my spare time became devoured by the unwelcome beast that is employment, I would have turned him down. Why play online with people I barely know, when I could simply call a few friends and arrange a game? I think having 8+ hours of any weekday devoured by work has changed my perspective regarding this though, and I was actually quite excited at the prospect.
When he finally told me what we’d be playing, I was somewhat taken aback. Dungeons and Dragons, the 1981 Moldvay edition, is at least how he described it to me. This friend of mine has always had a penchant for more old school and brutal gaming, so I can’t say I was entirely surprised, but as I said earlier, this kind of gaming didn’t really appeal to me. The idea of having multiple characters, because it’s pretty much accepted that one of them is going to die, or at the very least having henchmen/hirelings, not to back you up or provide skills you don’t have, but instead to either act as an ablative meat-shield, or to once again step up when your character inevitably takes one for the team, doesn’t exactly thrill me. Wizards with 1 spell per day, rolled randomly. Having to make a serious choice between food or a weapon. It all pretty much sucked the life out of it for me.
But I’d like to think I’m not one to let a friend down, so defiantly I showed my face, or nickname at least, in the chat and set about creating a character, a necessarily brutally short process. We rolled stats, slotted them in the order which we’d rolled them and then picked a class that made as good a use of them as we could. As concepts grew, I found myself growing fond of my character, a burly but smart fighter from the cities, come to a small town as a hired sword to aid some adventurer’s raid a sorcerer’s castle. The fondness worried me. Every time someone spoke of long term plans for the adventure, it was pretty much assumed that one, if not all of us, would be dead at that point, replaced with a henchman or hireling who inherited their mission, and their share of the treasure.
It was as alien a game to now me as D&D 3.5 was to me back then in 2007. Few of the concepts I held true about roleplaying games seemed to exist. This wasn’t about the characters or the story, it was about the adventure as a mechanical device. There was little in the way of great heroes or deeds. We were more like a group of thugs seeking to raid a historical landmark.
I should have been dismayed and left disappointed. Not so. I actually enjoyed myself a great deal The game’s lack of mechanical complexity in many areas was filled in by players interacting with each other and the landscape, and while I was certainly fond of my character, the knowledge that I could easily throw another one together in as long as it took to roll 3d6 six times and pick a class cheered me up considerably. And if I didn’t like that character, I doubt he’d exactly last long either.
We paid a boatman to row us to a mysterious isle and disembarked on a beach adjoining a mighty castle, with a small hut and a chapel built on the sands. Accosted by three cultists in robes carrying maces we had our first encounter. And our first character died. Our cleric, spell-less and who started with 2 hit points was blundgeoned to death by a crazed cultist in short order, which was something of a shock to me, but it only added to the game; we went onwards speaking the name of “Flock-Father Ignatius” as a deceased friend. So we had 3 maces, procured from our dead enemies, and we found an ambiguous magic sword in their hut, which I, as the burly fighter, claimed for myself. Then we went inside.
That was, by and large, our first session, and in the end, I was pretty excited about the whole thing. I think there’s a certain joy in playing something completely new, that you don’t know enough about to be able to spend hours planning your character, or at least that’s simple enough that there’s really no planning to be done, and I think some of my enjoyment came from the fact that my first character was a pretty good one, I rolled well across the board for my stats and I ended up playing a Fighter, which is something I’ve been interested in doing for a while (I’m jonesing for some sword and board action). I survived and I prospered, and there was something exciting about that. The game felt less safe and I felt better for succeeding in spite of the danger. How I would have felt had it been my character who had rolled poorly for his health and died in the first encounter, I don’t know. I like to think I would smiled and carried on, but in reality, I think that I might have gritted my teeth and felt rather chagrined about the matter.
This isn’t really a review of Moldvay D&D, or even a send up (or down) of the session that I played in; although both were very much enjoyable, I don’t feel I have enough of a grasp on either to talk about their quality. Instead I think I’m really just being a proponent of trying something new once in a while, even if the thing itself is something now quite old. Getting stuck in a rut in anything, even the things you do in your free time that you enjoy can really be a death sentence. If you’ve made it all this way to the end of this post, then I commend you and would ask you to do one thing that I think would make your last 10 or so minutes of reading worthwhile and go and find yourself a new game, or at least a game that is new to you. Gather some friends, whether in reality or digitally, and delve into something you haven’t done before. Even if you never play it again, I don’t think you’ll come away without having learned something.
GamingDungeons and Dragons, Roleplaying
Previous Article Review: Justice League: War
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Remarq
Dementia case-finding in hospitals: a qualitative study exploring the views of healthcare professionals in English primary care and secondary care
Anne-Marie Burn1,
Jane Fleming2,
Carol Brayne2,
Chris Fox3,
Frances Bunn1
1 Centre for Research in Public Health and Community Care, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
2 Cambridge Institute of Public Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
3 Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
Correspondence to Dr Anne-Marie Burn; a.burn3{at}herts.ac.uk
Objectives In 2012–2013, the English National Health Service mandated hospitals to conduct systematic case-finding of people with dementia among older people with unplanned admissions. The method was not defined. The aim of this study was to understand current approaches to dementia case-finding in acute hospitals in England and explore the views of healthcare professionals on perceived benefits and challenges.
Design Qualitative study involving interviews, focus groups and thematic content analysis.
Setting Primary care and secondary care across six counties in the East of England.
Participants Hospital staff involved in dementia case-finding and primary care staff in the catchment areas of those hospitals.
Results We recruited 23 hospital staff and 36 primary care staff, including 30 general practitioners (GPs). Analysis resulted in three themes: (1) lack of consistent approaches in case-finding processes, (2) barriers between primary care and secondary care which impact on case-finding outcomes and (3) perceptions of rationale, aims and impacts of case-finding. The study shows that there were variations in how well hospitals recorded and reported outcomes to GPs. Barriers between primary care and secondary care, including GPs’ lack of access to hospital investigations and lack of clarity about roles and responsibilities, impacted case-finding outcomes. Staff in secondary care were more positive about the initiative than primary care staff, and there were conflicting priorities for primary care and secondary care regarding case-finding.
Conclusions The study suggests a more evidence-based approach was needed to justify approaches to dementia case-finding. Information communicated to primary care from hospitals needs to be comprehensive, appropriate and consistent before GPs can effectively plan further investigation, treatment or care. Follow-up in primary care further requires access to options for postdiagnostic support. There is a need to evaluate the outcomes for patients and the economic impact on health and care services across settings.
dementia case-finding
This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020521
Contributors JF, FB, CB, and CF wrote the protocol. A-MB and JF collected the data. A-MB, JF and FB analysed the data. A-MB wrote the first draft of the manuscript and is the corresponding author. All authors contributed to the writing of the manuscript and approved its content.
Funding This article paper presents independent research funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research & Care (CLAHRC) East of England, at Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust.
Disclaimer The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care.
Competing interests None declared.
Patient consent Not required.
Ethics approval Ethical approval was obtained from The University of Hertfordshire Ethics Committee (HSK/SF/UH/02005).
Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.
Data sharing statement No additional data are available.
© Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted. This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
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Tag Archive: kawaii
Now streaming–The Toys That Made Us looks back to Star Trek, LEGO, Hello Kitty, and Transformers
Filed under: Backstage Pass, Con Culture, Fantasy Realms, Retro Fix, Sci-Fi Café, TV — Leave a comment
Back for another four episodes, the documentary-style series about toy lines and toy companies of the past The Toys That Made Us is now streaming on Netflix with its Season 2. As with the first four episodes reviewed here at borg.com in January, the series really isn’t a show for kids, but a behind-the-scenes account of the good and the bad of the history of the toy business. Because of the toy lines covered in this short Season 2–LEGO, Transformers, Hello Kitty, and Star Trek–expect a more international flavor to the show’s coverage than of Star Wars, G.I. Joe, Barbie, and Masters of the Universe. You can’t get around the fact that this is about business and business politics, with the added opportunity for those who just want to spot their very favorite toy of their youth to shout out during at least one of the episodes, “I had one of those!”
Back is the sugar-coated dialogue of the enthusiastic narrator Donald Ian Black. The series continues to be of value mostly for the gold nuggets nestled within its lighthearted framework. Excerpts of an interview with former Mego President Marty Abrams tops the list. Despite the high highs and the low lows of his days leading Mego, Abrams seems to have been in the middle of a great time for the toy biz, seen in the first of the new episodes, where he admits passing up the deal to secure the valuable Star Wars account, supposedly for being out-of-town at the time. The episode of Transformers is surprisingly emotional, including interviews with Optimus Prime himself, lo-o-o-ong-time animated film voice actor Peter Cullen (who was also the voice of Winnie the Pooh’s Eeyore), and the much revered Hideaki Yoke, the Japanese company Takara’s lead designer responsible for the brilliant puzzle-piece designs of the vast Transformers line of characters. As with Masters of the Universe, comic books were important to the development and success of Transformers, and viewers will learn Hello Kitty originated with comic book artists. The most unexpected storytelling may come from the Hello Kitty episode. Hello Kitty, a Japan-originated phenomenon turned international craze not tied to any book, TV series, or film, benefited from the coup of celebrities using the products publicly (without paying endorsement fees). The discussion of the Japan cultural concept of kawaii and its relationship to the development of the Hello Kitty brand, character, and mythos will come as a surprise to most.
For Star Trek fans the episode featuring the franchise’s toy pursuits might have a few surprises. Yes, that crazy Spock and Kirk helmet from the 1960s rears its ugly head again. It’s too bad the show feels the need to explain what each franchise is first (we probably wouldn’t be watching if we didn’t), because fans would probably instead rather hear more about subjects the show creators didn’t leave time for. We were looking for a discussion of the advance release of a line of Star Trek Generations action figures with costume styles that were changed before the film was released (a rare mishap), coverage of the very extensive (and once popular) line of attractive 12-inch scale action figures, the scope of the segment of Playmates company toys featuring characters from not only the series (discussed) but the movies through Star Trek: First Contact, and a little about the “why” of decisions behind toy releases, like why every NextGen line seemed to have two different Worf figures. From the LEGO segment viewers learn a comprehensive overview of the company, plus some interesting bits like the fact that the early color scheme was directly inspired by the artist Mondrian, and that the outer space series caused the modern line of toys to really take off. LEGO goes back some 80 years, and the history of the town that made it famous and impact of the brand is a great piece of history. As with the rest of the episodes business and marketing trends are a great focus, and the 1958 LEGO patent for the interlocking brick–and loss of the patent–is part of that.
Tags: documentaries, Donald Ian Black, Hello Kitty, Hello Kitty toys, Hideaki Yoke, kawaii, Lego, LEGO toys, Marty Abrams, Mego action figures, Mego Toys, Netflix, Peter Cullen, Star Trek, Star Trek Mego style figures, Star Trek toys, Takara, The Toys That Made Us, The Toys That Made Us review, The Toys That Made Us Season 2 review, Transformers
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Tag Archive: Neil Gaiman
Good Omens is coming to Amazon and BBC, showrunner Neil Gaiman talks series at SXSW 2019
Filed under: Comics & Books, Fantasy Realms, Retro Fix, TV — Leave a comment
With Amazon Studios releasing a new, full-length trailer for its six-part series Good Omens, showrunner Neil Gaiman discussed his creative process for the book and the show at this weekend’s South by Southwest (SXSW 2019) conference and festival in Austin, Texas. Check out his panel interview below, with Gaiman discussing the series and his creative process. Gaiman co-wrote the novel Good Omens on which the series is based with Terry Pratchett way back in 1989. Pratchett passed away in 2015, and now, led by Gaiman’s efforts, twenty-nine years after its creation the book is on its way to a TV adaptation later this spring.
In Good Omens the end of the world is coming, and opposite personalities in the form of an Angel and Demon are brought together to form an unlikely alliance to stop Armageddon. They have lost the Antichrist, an 11-year-old boy unaware he’s meant to bring upon the end of days, sending the pair to find him and save the world before… The End. The series combines the talents of Douglas Mackinnon, who directed episodes of Sherlock and Doctor Who, and it stars David Tennant (Doctor Who, Jessica Jones, Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, Viva Blackpool) and Michael Sheen (Passengers, Doctor Who, Tron: Legacy, Frost/Nixon, Alice in Wonderland). Other big names appearing in the series include Benedict Cumberbatch (Sherlock, The Hobbit, Star Trek Into Darkness), Jon Hamm (Baby Driver), Miranda Richardson (Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, Muppets Most Wanted), Mark Gatiss (Sherlock), Michael McKean (Clue, Laverne and Shirley), David Morrissey (Doctor Who, The Walking Dead), Frances McDormand (Fargo, Three Billboards, Isle of Dogs), and Brian Cox (Shetland, RED, Doctor Who).
First, take a look at the new full-length trailer for the series, followed by the discussion with Neil Gaiman this weekend at SXSW 2019, and a brief behind-the-scenes featurette:
Tags: Amazon Prime, Amazon Studios, BBC Two, Benedict Cumberbatch, Brian Cox, David Morrissey, David Tennant, Douglas Mackinnon, Frances McDormand, Good Omens, Good Omens Amazon trailer, Jon Hamm, Mark Gatiss, Michael McKean, Michael Sheen, Miranda Richardson, Neil Gaiman, SXSW 2019, Terry Pratchett
Chilling Adventures of Sabrina–A smart, engaging, dark, and creepy first season that does it all
Filed under: Comics & Books, Fantasy Realms, TV — Leave a comment
Review by C.J. Bunce
Chilling Adventures of Sabrina is the rare show that tries to be many things and actually succeeds at them all. If you are looking for the ideal way to spend this Halloween, absent a Buffy the Vampire Slayer marathon, you’re not going to find a better TV pursuit than this new Netflix series. It features a captivating lead in its teenage witch Sabrina, played perfectly by Kiernan Shipka, who shows every frustrating feeling, emotion, and indecision any teenager must go through, reflected in a mythology-rich world with enormous stakes. Sabrina is a kid–a smart kid, but still a kid–so she makes the kind of mistakes teenagers make. Raised in the occult world by a family of witch aunts and a warlock cousin, Sabrina is a half-breed (her mother was human, her father a high priest in the dark arts), but viewers will see she shares some commonality with Hermione Granger from the Harry Potter books–she’s loyal, she’s book smart, she’s street savvy, and conscientious, dabbling in the magical world. She also is trusting and able to be manipulated by the adults around her. She may not be the fully realized, badass, confident heroine everyone wants to see–just yet–but by the end of Season 1 she’s well on her way.
The series protagonist is actually not Sabrina, but a demon who takes over the body of Michelle Gomez‘s Ms. Wardwell, a teacher at Sabrina’s mortal-realm high school, an ever-present mentor steering her out of dilemmas when Sabrina’s aunts fail to give Sabrina the help she wants. Gomez, who played Doctor Who’s #1 nemesis The Master, is even more engaging here, fully inhabiting a character whose motivations are hidden by a fog–a blurred reality paralleled by a clever fuzzy tweak in cinematography throughout each episode. Sabrina’s aunts, played by Miranda Otto, The Lord of the Rings #1 heroine who saved Middle-earth (“I am no man!”) and Lucy Davis, the #2 female lead in the WWI era of the movie Wonder Woman, unite to create a classic duet in the spirit of Arsenic and Old Lace. Otto’s Zelda is strict and a devout believer in her dark religion, Hilda a sweet and doting aunt who gets excommunicated for her support of Sabrina. All three actresses bring their genre star power to the series, providing a jolt of heroine gravatas to support the title character.
Sabrina is approaching her 16th birthday, when she must choose between the world of mortals and the world–and protections–of the witching world. She must decide whether she will relinquish her decision-making from then on to the devil himself or take her chances as a mortal. She is surrounded by those she thinks she can trust and others whose motivations are hidden in a dark world of several levels of good and evil. Making sense of the darkness and evil and placing a pantheon of 56-old comic book characters he rejuvenated in the pages of Archie Horror comics four years ago onto the screen for a new audience is Roberto Aguirre-Sacasa, chief creative officer of Archie Comics, and executive producer and writer for the comics and CW’s Riverdale and Netflix’s Sabrina. Quite shrewdly, Sacasa doesn’t comment on the dark religion of the series or any political stance his characters may reflect, instead letter the viewer bring their own value set to the show and making their own analysis. Who do you want to cheer for, the equivalent of Darth Vader or Princess Leia in science fiction, or Sauron or Eowyn in fantasy? Sacasa pulls from age-old classic stories, like Cain and Abel from the Bible, W.W. Jacobs’ The Monkey’s Paw, John Carpenter’s films including The Fog, Arthur Miller’s The Crucible, Robert Eggers’ The Witch, Neil Gaiman’s Sandman, and a classic horror film mirrored in the comics that might be a spoiler for Season 2–so we’ll hold that title back for now.
Tags: Angus Strathie, Archie Comics, Archie Horror, Arsenic and Old Lace, Arthur Miller, Ash vs Evil Dead, Best of 2018, Bronson Pinchot, Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Chance Perdomo, Chilling Adventures of Sabrina, Chilling Adventures of Sabrina Season 1 review, Chilling Adventures of Sabrina Season 2, Gavin Leatherwood, Grimm, Harry Potter, iZombie, Jaz Sinclair, John Carpenter's The Fog, Kiernan Shipka, Lachlan Watson, Lisa Soper, Lucy Davis, Michelle Gomez, Miranda Otto, Neil Gaiman, Richard Coyle, Riverdale, Robert Eggers, Robert Hack, Roberto Aguirre-Sacasa, Ross Lynch, Sabrina the Teenaged Witch, Sandman, strong female characters, Tati Gabrielle, The Crucible, The Monkey's Paw, The Witch, WW Jacobs
Frankie Boyle’s Rex Royd–An outrageous and unexpurgated anti-hero for fans of Alan Moore
Filed under: Comics & Books, Superheroes — Leave a comment
It helps to know upfront that Scottish comedian and personality Frankie Boyle always wanted to write comics. His inspiration wasn’t from the decades of superhero comics, but Alan Moore, whose attitude, as Boyle sees it, was “that comics had sort of run their course.” A fan of the writing of Ed Brubaker, David Lapham, and Jason Aaron, Boyle embarked on an ambitious project, asking “what sort of comics do you write after comics have been done already?” The result was first published in serial format in Mark Millar’s short-lived CLiNT magazine, and with two new chapters to wrap up his story a complete, graphic novel-length story arrives next week from Titan Comics, called Frankie Boyle’s Rex Royd.
Ambitious is the key word to describe Rex Royd. At its worst, Boyle has touched on Alan Moore’s outrageous depravity as seen in his Lost Girls. At its best, Boyle has created a character that will appeal to fans of the disconnected and dispassionate Dr. Manhattan and the idiosyncratic and self-absorbed Ozymandias in Moore’s acclaimed Watchmen series. With his protagonist, the Lex Luthor-esque supervillain scientist and CEO Rex Royd, Boyle has created a brash reflection of non-mainstream comics in the pre-Marvel Cinematic Universe era. His “hero” is like Ian Fleming’s James Bond if you remove all the tropes that make us actually like Bond, all the fun things that keep us coming back for more and not just dismiss the character as a misogynistic, unexpurgated blunt instrument. Boyle is fully in on this, as his lead female character Eve–as in the biblical partner of Adam–resembles Bond’s confidante Eve Moneypenny in the last two Bond movies.
And yet, Rex Royd—the book–is like a writing experiment. What do we get if we take out all these good elements and swap in the dark outcomes? So it sometimes reads like Neil Gaiman writing a 24-Hour Comic (I’ve read that, this is probably better), but then, as in the ninth and final chapter of the book, we’re surprised with a clever sort of play on Thornton Wilder’s Our Town, with some Harvey Pekar-inspired attempts at making some meaning of it all. So there’s a lot going on. If you find linearity and deep meaning in the book, well, the joke may be on you, as the author has said when the artists needed some of his script to be explained, his response was, “It’s supposed to be a joke.”
Tags: 24 Hour Comic, Alan Moore, Budi Setiawan, CLiNT magazine, David Lapham, Divided States of Hysteria, Ed Brubaker, Frankie Boyle, Frankie Boyle's Rex Royd, Grant Morrison, Harvey Pekar, Howard Chaykin, Ian Fleming, James Bond, Jason Aaron, Lost Girls, Mark Millar, Matt Fraction, Mike Dowling, Neil Gaiman, Our Town, Rex Royd, Satellite Sam, The Filth, Thornton Wilder, Titan Comics, Watchmen
Retro fix–Roger Zelazny’s lost crime thriller novel, The Dead Man’s Brother
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Most of the world knew Roger Zelazny for his fantasy and science fiction short stories and novels. Neil Gaiman has cited Zelazny as his greatest influence. In his 58 years Zelazny won three Nebula awards and six Hugo awards, and is best known for The Chronicles of Amber. His “A Rose for Ecclesiastes” was included in the DVD collection Visions of Mars: First Library on Mars, taken onto the Phoenix Mars lander in 2008. In 2008 an unpublished novel was located, a crime thriller by Zelazny called The Dead Man’s Brother, and Titan Books’ Hard Case Crime imprint published it for the first time ever in 2009. We’re reviewing it here as part of our excursion into lost novels and our “Retro Fix” series for fans who thought they’d read the entirety of their favorite authors’ works. Previous works reviewed here include lost novels by Michael Crichton, James M. Cain, Donald E. Westlake, Lawrence Block, Gore Vidal, and others, as well as several forgotten classics of science fiction, fantasy, and pulp noir. In an afterword by the author’s son Trent Zelazny, he comments on his father and writing genre, “Great writers will never hold back due to genre. They will tell the story they want–or must–in spite of the limiting labels designed by publishers. They don’t think of themselves as science fiction writers or mystery writers or western writers. They think of themselves simply as writers, period.”
In Roger Zelazny’s crime thriller The Dead Man’s Brother, his hero Ovid Wiley runs Taurus art gallery in New York. Wiley is a former art smuggler and also a former CIA operative whose genetics (explained in the book) reflected a type of super soldier tendency. At present, the early 1970s, Wiley had cleaned up his act for the most part, still in the art world buying and selling artwork as a respectable art dealer. In the first scene we meet Wiley entering his gallery to find the dead body of his former partner in crime, a man he had neither seen nor thought about in several years. Wiley is then accused of his murder, but the CIA intercedes. It turns out they could use his unique skill set and familiarity with Rome specifically to earn a “get out of jail free” card by finding a missing priest alleged to have stolen millions from the Vatican. Wiley begrudgingly agrees, and his investigation re-introduces him to the dead partner’s girlfriend and finds the embezzling priest dead. Before he gets accused of that murder, he takes the girlfriend in tow and heads to Sao Paulo, Brazil, to locate the dead man’s brother. He is imprisoned and tortured by locals for days, getting into a bizarre national conflict he has no interest in. Armed with a machete and thoughts of revenge, he ventures home with a package and secret information.
Fans of Zelazny’s writing are the real target for this novel. The tale is not particularly gripping, yet readers will stick with Zelazny to the end simply to see what completely insane circumstance his hero is going to get involved with next. The Dead Man’s Brother often reads like an early draft–many stream-of-conscience paragraphs pepper the plot that conjure the image of a writer who sat “butt in chair” and wrote from beginning to end, intending to return with a few good edits later. Little is known why this novel was shelved, and it is only a guess that he wrote the book around 1970-1971. Was he merely experimenting with styles? Was he attempting to write his own version of an American James Bond or dabble with mainstream works? More than a few threads remain hanging by the end of The Dead Man’s Brother. Presumably he intended to return to finesse these once the novel was sold?
Tags: Hard Case Crime, lost novel, Neil Gaiman, Phoenix Mars lander, Roger Zelazny, The Chronicles of Amber, The Dead Man's Brother, Trent Zelazny, Visions of Mars: First Library on Mars
Review–24 Hour Comic… Comic book creators challenge themselves in new documentary
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Both Neil Gaiman (Sandman) and Kevin Eastman (Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles) tried it, but didn’t complete it in time. Professional comic book writers and artists and especially the combination writer/artist most likely have all heard of the 24-hour comic challenge, but not everyone has given it a try. Twenty-seven years ago comic book writer/artist Scott McCloud came up with the idea to improve his skills and speed in creating a 24-page comic book complete with story and art, which normally can take about 30 days. The result was not so much a contest but a personal achievement challenge like running a marathon or climbing a mountain. A new documentary titled 24 Hour Comic, directed by Milan Erceg, screened for attendees Saturday at the Marriott Grand Ballroom at San Diego Convention Center as part of San Diego Comic-Con.
Eight participants. 24 hours. Gravitas Ventures’ 24 Hour Comic follows an event hosted at my old local comic book shop, Things from Another World, in Portland, Oregon. 24 Hour Comic is both a celebration of the Portland comic book creator scene and a close-up look at eight individuals of differing levels as they each try to meet the challenge. Not everyone makes it to the end. Four-time Harvey Award and Eisner Award winner Scott McCloud appears in the film, describing the origin, process, and history of the 24-hour challenge, which is hosted by comic book shops, schools, and art studios around the world, often following a designated annual 24-Hour Comic Day. Eisner and Harvey Award winner McCloud wrote the useful guide to sequential art Understanding Comics: The Invisible Art and several other comic book art texts. He also compiled several attempts at the 24-hour comic in his book 24 Hour Comics, where he showcases the efforts of Neil Gaiman, Steve Bissette, Alexander Grecian, and others.
The rules can be found here, and are detailed in McCloud’s book. The biggest surprise having read about the contest and several 24-hour comics over the years was that I assumed the artists used standard comic book pages, those full-sized 11×17-inch art boards. In the film each artist uses what appears to be paper half that size, splitting each sheet into two full pages, which would seem to take less time to fill. Erceg introduces us to his eight subjects, each in different phases of skill, from a 13-year-old girl to a 16-time participant, a web creator, a design professional, independent creators, and an ex-creator returning to give the process another try. The final works for those who completed the challenge? We don’t get to read the entirety of the final books from any creator in the film, but the excerpts given are surprisingly polished. Far from the frantic scribbles you might expect from anyone missing a night’s sleep to work round the clock, the comics appear professionally done, clever, and humorous, reflecting each artist’s creativity and talent. The film is dotted with interviews by several well-known faces, including Dark Horse Comics president Mike Richardson, Dark Horse Comics editor-in-chief Scott Allie, cartoonist Batton Lash, and graphic novelists and digital creators Arnold and Jacob Pander.
The hour-long documentary provides a fair look at a cross section of a profession where the median income for a full-time comic book artist is about $38,896, according to the film. Although the challenge is not a competition per se, a few participants throw about some contrived and good natured trash talk to keep the film light-hearted. One participant had some interesting insights into the comic book profession, a bit of a creators’ quagmire: “You work on a project you don’t care about, but make good money, but you work on a project you do care about, and don’t make any money on it”–something reflected in many fields, no doubt. This is not a time-compressed look at the 24-hour period of this challenge, but provides interviews with subjects about their status at intervals throughout the day, night, and following morning. So to fill some of the time Erceg follows two subjects on a quick trip to Stumptown Comic Con, other subjects are interviewed at local studios or homes, and another is followed on a side trip to Seattle to discuss a commission project. The majority shared how difficult it is to succeed in the comic book industry, and one tried and left the industry after initial success because it couldn’t pay medical bills.
Tags: 24 Hour Comic, 24 Hour Comic Day, 24 Hour Comics, Alexander Grecian, Arnold Pander, Batton Lash, Boilerplate: History's Mechanical Marvel, Comic-Con, Comic-Con 2017, Dark Horse Comics, David Chelsea, Gravitas Ventures, Jacob Pander, Kevin Eastman, Marriott Grand Ballroom Comic-Con 2017, Mike Richardson, Milan Erceg, Milan Ercig, Neil Gaiman, original comic art, Paul Guinan, Perspective for Comic Book Artists, Scott Allie, Scott McCloud, SDCC 2017, Steve Bissette, Stumptown Comic Con, Understanding Comics: The Invisible Art
While you’re waiting for the movie, the Guardians of the Galaxy graphic novels
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In the past three hours Walt Disney Studios released a new “teaser for a trailer” that premieres Monday, May 19, 2014, and promotes a live Q&A with the cast (details below). Guardians of the Galaxy won’t arrive in theaters until August 1, 2014, so we still have some waiting to do. If you missed the first trailer, check it out here. It’s one of the best previews for a superhero film we’ve seen in years. But while you’re waiting for the movie, you’ll want to read two great trade editions of a Guardians of the Galaxy series that will give you some background for this motley band of space rogues.
Guardians of the Galaxy, Vol. 1: Cosmic Avengers provides an update to these characters from the Marvel Comics stories of years past. It collects the four issue “Cosmic Avengers” mini-series and the one-shot “Tomorrow’s Avengers” stories from 2013’s Marvel NOW! line. Forget about mainstream, title-character superheroes. The Guardians are exciting and down-right fun. As a hook to bring these B-level heroes into the fore, Iron Man joins forces with the Guardians to protect the Earth from a nicely orchestrated attempt to eliminate Earth from the Galaxy’s stage prompted by a King from another world.
That King of Spartax visited Earth 30 years ago while he was very young, had a brief encounter with a woman, and a boy was later born—Peter Quill aka Star-Lord. Quill grows to dislike his dad, who he encounters years later. Along the way he meets up with Gamora, the daughter of the well-known Marvel villain Thanos, known as “the most dangerous woman in the universe”. Then there is the very large Drax the Destroyer, killer of Thanos, and a wrecking ball of an adversary. Which leaves the two best characters of the troupe, Rocket, a snarky, cocky, walking and talking raccoon with a vendetta against everything and everyone, and his trustee partner Groot, a brawny, walking and talking tree, whose only speech is the phrase “I am Groot” but who can be interpreted (via inflection, I’ll bet) to be saying any number of things by Rocket (think Han and Chewbacca). (Can’t wait to see how Vin Diesel gets to play Groot).
Tags: Angela McFarlane, Brian Michael Bendis, Chris Pratt, Cosmic Avengers review, Dave Bautista, Francesco Francavilla, Guardians of the Galaxy, Guardians of the Galaxy live Q&A, Guardians of the Galaxy trailer, Guardians of the Galaxy Volume 1 review, Guardians of the Galaxy Volume 2 review, James Gunn, Javier Rodriguez, Karen Gillan, Michael Avon Oeming, Michael Del Mundo, Ming Doyle, Neil Gaiman, Rain Beredo, Sara Pichelli, Steve McNiven, Todd McFarlane, Tomorrow's Avengers review, Walt Disney Studios
Neil Gaiman to revisit Sandman with year-long, six-issue prequel mini-series
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Just as Comic-Con celebrated the 20th anniversary of Jeff Smith’s Bone comic book series in 2011–and every year seems to bring another landmark to celebrate something–Neil Gaiman will be attending panels at Comic-Con this year promoting the 25th anniversary of his popular Sandman series, which ran until its 75th issue published ten years ago. Comic-Con will be featuring artwork by original Sandman artist Dave McKean on a new convention T-shirt and his work will be featured on the cover of the 2013 SDCC Program Guide, handed out to guests with one of several giant swag bags as with past years. Tied to the anniversary, DC Entertainment’s Vertigo imprint has amped up the promotion of a new six-issue prequel series to Sandman, titled Sandman: Overture.
Another follow-on to a classic comic book property? The difference between Sandman: Overture and Before Watchmen is Gaiman’s participation–he is not only endorsing the concept but unlike Alan Moore’s absence and disapproval of Before Watchmen, Gaiman is writing the story, with artwork by the stylish Batwoman artist J.H. Williams III and covers by both Williams and McKean. “This is the one story that we never got to tell,” Gaiman said in a Vertigo press release. “In Sandman #1 Morpheus is captured somehow. Later on in the series, you learn he was returning from somewhere far, far away – but we never got to the story of what he was doing and what had happened. This is our chance to tell that story, and J.H. Williams III is drawing it. It’s the most beautiful thing in the world.”
Tags: Comic-Con, Dave McKean, Doctor Who The Doctor's Wife, J.H. Williams III, Neil Gaiman, Sandman, Sandman: Overture, SDCC 2013, The Graveyard Book, The Ocean at the End of the Lane, Vertigo
New comic series highlights creator-owned heroes
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If you have spent much time at all chatting it up with comic book writers or editors at comic conventions, you have probably heard several mentions of the phrase “creator-owned comic” or “creator-owned project.” The conversation usually goes like this:
Fanboy: Hey, Awesome Comic Book Creator, what are you working on?
Awesome Comic Book Creator: I am working on a big project right now featuring Huge Comic Character for [insert DC Comics or Marvel here]. [And then they look like they are pondering something deeply as they say:] I am also working on a creator-owned project that I have had in the works for several years.
It was Frank Cho last year at Comic-Con who let us in on a project he had been thinking about for years: Guns & Dinos, a project he said he had been thinking about ever since an image came to him of an archaeologist discovering an arm with a modern gun in a dig along side a dinosaur. Guns & Dinos (yet to be released) is a creator-owned project he was trying to generate interest in.
Hitting the stores this month was a new book with an odd title: Creator-Owned Heroes #1. It’s a collaborative new ongoing book between writing partners Jimmy Palmiotti and Justin Gray (who are at the top of my favorite comic writers right now with their All-Star Western series), Steve Niles, Kevin Mellon, and Phil Noto. The point? Get away from big publishing house content and bring some diversity into comics–stories you might not see reaching readers from the big houses.
The book features two eleven page stories that will have readers easily coming back next month. It also has several interviews with the creators in the nature of “here’s what this is all about.” It also includes photos of the creators with fans at conventions, an interview with a cosplayer who Palmiotti asked to create the costume of one of the stories, and an interview with Neil Gaiman.
The two stories were superb. We’ll come back to those.
For the first issue of a new type of publication I didn’t have any issue with the interviews and explanations. That said, I’d rather have more than 11 page stories or a third story for future issues. $3.99 is a fine price but a comic sized magazine with columnists as opposed to news is not really something I think can last too long. And I haven’t read much new from Gaiman in the last several interviews with him I’ve seen so that didn’t add much value for me. I am interested in what these creators think, but are most comics readers readers who just want to read new stories or do they also care about the behind-the-scenes so much?
So back to what is great about this book–two very interesting stories. First Palmiotti, Gray and Noto take on cool muscle cars in a dismal, futuristic world of survival in American Muscle. Great title, great idea. The dialogue is believable, the images make the reader feel the environment. I just hope future issues focus let us in on the cars themselves (they probably can’t specify actual makes and models because of licensing reasons from the auto dealers). Niles and Mellon give us one part Leeloo Dallas, one part human-Cylon, one part David 8, one part la femme Nikita, and one part Ultraviolet in their Trigger Girl 6. That actually should give you all you need to decide whether to check out this one. I’ll just say the pacing of the story was spot-on and the dialogue and art top-notch. I also really liked the color choices in both stories. If this is what creator-owned is, then give us more please.
The publisher of Creator-Owned Heroes is Image Comics. I’ve always viewed Image as sort of a “fourth network” like Dark Horse and Dynamite. I do wonder why Creator-Owned Heroes didn’t try something like Terry Moore and his Abstract Studios publishing company. If you don’t make it big at the major publishing houses I would think Moore has created the model to make it big on your own.
C.J. Bunce
borg.com
Tags: Abstract Studios, American Muscle, creator-owned, Creator-Owned Heroes, Dark Horse Comics, Dynamite Comics, Frank Cho, Guns & Dinos, Image Comics, Jimmy Palmiotti, Justin Gray, Kevin Mellon, Neil Gaiman, Phil Noto, Steve Niles, Terry Moore, Trigger Girl 6
“Saga” or Trusting the Past
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By Jason McClain (@JTorreyMcClain)
I’ve gotten in and out of reading comic books several times in my life. I couldn’t tell you where the comic book store was when I lived in Columbia, MO. I found one when I lived in Delaware. There wasn’t one for miles when I lived in the mountains (but I found a baseball card shop). I knew of and visited at least six comic book stores when I lived in Kansas City and I visit about the same number in Los Angeles. I’ve visited them when I’ve made brief stops in London, England and Austin, Texas. I had subscriptions to several Marvel titles when I was in junior high and didn’t have to worry about getting my parents to take me to the comic store. One day a comic would arrive in my mailbox covered in the plain brown paper wrapping that I would later associate closely with either comics or porn.
A map of comic book stores across the U.S.
Still, every walk into a store is like a step into a colorful, inedible candy shop and I start to wonder, what I’m going to take home in my brown paper bag. I like recommendations quite a bit when I look for new things (and that’s why on Free Comic Book Day as I went to a few of my favorite stores, I picked up All-Star Western and Justice League Dark) but since my time in Kansas City, my main focus for when I look on the shelves of whichever store I find myself in, is new material by past favorite authors. That’s why on Free Comic Book Day I also picked up Saga by Brian K. Vaughan, who has entertained me in several stories like Pride of Baghdad, Runaways and Y: The Last Man. Saga looks to be a great start to another captivating yarn as I ripped through both issues I bought as I curled up to relax on Sunday night.
However, I must ask myself, is using the past a logical way to pursue entertainment? Are past performances indicative of future returns, unlike financial instruments? How can you tell when to jump off the creative train of a favorite author?
This reminds me of a game a friend and I play every now again based on the Fellini movie, 8 1/2. The film deals with the creative process and my friend and I used it as a jumping off point to analyze the careers of creative people by asking, “Does X have eight unarguable classics to their name?”
It’s tougher than you think. To be able to create eight works of art is an accomplishment in and of itself, and to make eight super-duper terrific things, well, that’s a rarefied air. Of course, everyone has a different opinion of what a “classic” is, but we generally know that Jaws and Raiders of the Lost Ark are both Steven Spielberg classics, where War of the Worlds and Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull don’t come close to reaching the same height. Even though I’m not a huge Spielberg fan, he gets to eight relatively easily as you could add E.T., Close Encounters of the Third Kind, Schindler’s List, Saving Private Ryan and Catch Me if You Can to Jaws and Raiders and you get seven, though there are a few flaws, but I quibble. Finding an eighth movie among The Color Purple, Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade, Munich and Jurassic Park should be easy. George Lucas on the other hand, I think he’s lucky to get two. I suppose I’m saying that at this point, going to see a Spielberg film may be a bit more of a question mark than it was in the 90s, but if you gave me a choice between Spielberg and Lucas right now, there’s no question I would choose to see a Spielberg film.
Looking at my favorite movies over the past few years, Midnight in Paris has reinvigorated my belief in Woody Allen and I’m more likely to see his next film. The quality of Marvel’s movies Thor, Captain America and The Avengers makes me more likely to go see non-sequels put out by Marvel Studios. (Iron Man 2 still leaves a poor taste in my mouth. That’s what I get for licking the screen). True Grit cemented my love of the Coen brothers, which I had before the movie as I’ve seen every one of their films.
My point? If you like the creative work of a person, you’ll probably like their other work. Looking at my bookshelf filled with several novels from Kurt Vonnegut, quite a few selections from Alan Moore and most every film by Wes Anderson, I probably didn’t need to do much thinking about it. Still, it’s nice to come to that conclusion and know that when I roll into a comic store, I can find some Brian Michael Bendis, some Matt Fraction, some J. Michael Straczynski, some Neil Gaiman, some Jason, some Craig Thompson, some Daniel Clowes, some Kurt Busiek or many others and be happy when I get home, turn on the lamp and snuggle beneath my covers. Plus, there’s always a chance I can stumble onto many more authors in the future through sheer luck, the recommendations of friends or the recommendations of the people I meet while wandering the aisles at my local comic book stores.
Tags: Alan Moore, All Star Western, Brian K. Vaughan, Brian Michael Bendis, Coen Brothers, Craig Thompson, Daniel Clowes, Fellini 8 1/2, Free Comic Book Day, George Lucas, J. Michael Straczynski, Jason, Jason McClain, Justice League Dark, Kurt Busiek, Kurt Vonnegut, Marvel Comics, Marvel Studios, Matt Fraction, Neil Gaiman, Saga, Steven Spielberg, Wes Anderson
Five adaptations–balancing respect for the source material with the filmmaker’s vision
Filed under: Comics & Books, Fantasy Realms, Movies, Retro Fix, Sci-Fi Café, Superheroes — Leave a comment
When the idea first came around to write the top five adaptations of comic books, video games, books or characters that I’d like to see, I thought, “Great, what a great idea.” Then, it slowly dawned on me. I hate adaptations in most every case. Seabiscuit? Hated it. The Lorax? That looks so despicable, I refuse to give it my money. Harry Potter? I will never trust anyone that says, “No really, the next one is when they start getting good.”
The next thing I realized is that in some, possibly misguided, corner of my mind, there are still some things that I’d like to adapt. Stories that captured my attention and that are on my list of things to write after I finish my current project. I may never get to them, especially since a couple have been on my list for a while, but hope spring eternal, especially at this time of year.
So, how would I approach this? First, I have to assume that I trust the filmmaker, like I trust Peter Jackson after the The Lord of the Rings trilogy. I know that’s not a rational assumption. For every Fellowship of the Rings that Jackson did, there’s a filmmaker who does Batman and Robin, Iron Man 2 or any Harry Potter movie. For every V for Vendetta that takes Alan Moore material and makes it great, there’s a From Hell or Watchmen and I go back to hating adaptations.
To make a great adaptation, the filmmaker has to respect the source (don’t get me started on Michael Bay and the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles), understand the vibe of the source and still be willing to go off script and put their own voice into it. I wonder if instead of a shot for shot remake, if Gus Van Sant had done something new with Psycho, it would have worked. The cynic in me doubts it very much, but the optimist wonders mostly to himself that it could have been interesting if nothing else. A shot for shot remake with Anne Heche instead of Janet Leigh? Why not just watch the original?
So, what does that leave to adapt? I think it leaves things that I don’t consider sacred and fortunately that still leaves plenty. I’m not saying these aren’t favorites, but I think they could work nicely as adaptations. Just to make it more interesting, not only will I choose the five things to adapt, but make them in five different genres. First the honorable mentions: American Gods (tough to make, but in the hands of someone like Tarsem Singh who did the underrated The Fall there would be some cool, trippy otherworld sequences) and Geek Love (come on, aren’t we due for a great carnie movie?). Now, let’s do the countdown.
5. Red Dead Redemption – Genre: Western
I don’t know if there has been a good video game movie. However, if they follow the story of Red Dead Redemption they’ve already got a pretty cool cinematic western. John Marston plays the typical western hero of a former rogue looking for redemption and trying to save his wife and child. It’s been done many different times, but if you have good actors, good scenery and good dialogue to go with this story, it could work. I can’t tell you much more about this particular story; I just know that I’m still surprised that a video game actually moved me.
4. Captain Carrot and his Amazing Zoo Crew – Genre: Animated Feature
Originally, this spot was for The Invaders as I love a good WWII movie and there’s nothing better than fighting Nazis. Then, as I wrote it, I mentioned some other favorite comic book characters: The Powerpuff Girls and Captain Carrot and His Amazing Zoo Crew and how they would look cool fighting Nazis as well. Then, I kept reading it over and over, and since Captain America: The First Avenger already went back to World War II, there’s not much space for The Invaders. There won’t be more Bucky. There won’t be the original Human Torch, Toro, Union Jack or Namor, the Sub-Mariner. The Powerpuff Girls already have a TV show and a movie. However, if you’re looking for a silly parody of super groups as an alternative to The Avengers or I have to assume an eventual Justice League movie, then look no further than Captain Carrot, Yankee Poodle, Fastback, Pig Iron, Alley-Kat-Abra and Rubberduck. If they can fight the Nazis, that might be the perfect movie.
3. Doomsday Book by Connie Willis – Genre: Medieval England Period Piece and Sci-Fi
C.J. Bunce introduced me to Connie Willis at his first San Diego Comic-Con when we went to a panel she did, and I read a few of her novels and found them charming, interesting and fun. I think the appeal to adapting Doomsday Book comes from glimpsing a true epidemic in the form of the black plague in the eyes of someone from the future. I didn’t like Contagion much, so maybe the book adaptation of Doomsday Book could effectively show the terror of an incurable disease spreading and the feeling of helplessness that follows. For the protagonist Kivrin, trying to not reveal you’re from the future adds a great layer to that tension, having to remain disconnected while not being sure if she’ll ever leave this doomed time.
2. Sleeper by Ed Brubaker – Genre: Noir
I’ve written about Sleeper in two previous Borg.com posts, so you know how much I like it. I also think that it would make a fantastic film noir. You have the femme fatale in Miss Misery, you have a guy that doesn’t know what’s good or bad anymore and you have crime galore. If that’s not a great film noir, with bonus super powers, I don’t know what is.
1. The Great American Novel by Philip Roth – Genre: Baseball Comedy
The Great American Novel might be one of my favorite baseball books of all time. I took it in the third round of a baseball book draft. (I knew it would last until then, so I grabbed The Boys of Summer and The Glory of Their Times with my first two picks). The story of the Ruppert Mundys and the forgotten Patriot League as told by “Word” Smith (thanks, Wikipedia) would run circles around Moneyball the movie. I think the fictional 14-year-old manager (I think that’s the age – goodness, I need to buy a copy of this book to read again and so I can look up such queries) would make a better representative of sabermetrics than the “fictional” Peter Brand.
Moneyball the book was my fifth round choice in the baseball draft – and just another perfect example of how I dislike movie adaptations of books that I enjoy. As much as I would like to see this list made into movies now that I’ve written this post, my gut tells me it’s probably better if they’re not.
Come back tomorrow and C.J. Bunce searches out some choices he think would be difficult to adapt but fun to watch.
Tags: American Gods, Avengers, Captain Carrot and his Amazing Zoo Crew!, Connie Willis, Doomsday Book, Ed Brubaker, Great American Novel, Jason McClain, Lorax, Moneyball, Neil Gaiman, Philip Roth, Red Dead Redemption, Seabiscuit, Sleeper
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Tag Archives: Tritt auf die Glaubensbahn
Tritt auf die Glaubensbahn
Posted by Edward McCue in Bach's Works, Organology
bass, basso continuo, cantata, Christmas, Christoph Wolff, dialogue, Leipzig, oboe, recorder, Salomon Franck, soprano, St. John Passion, Stradivarius, Tritt auf die Glaubensbahn, viola da gamba, viola d’amore, Weimar
Stradivari’s pattern for a viola d’amore bridge
Bach’s cantata Tritt auf die Glaubensbahn (BWV 152) was first performed three hundred years ago on 30 December 1714, the Sunday after Christmas. With a text written by Salomon Franck, the Weimar court poet, the cantata is the earliest extant example of a dialogue, a technique that Bach repeated in his third annual cycle of cantatas written for Leipzig.
Tritt auf die Glaubensbahn is scored for soprano and bass soloists and four solo instruments: recorder, oboe, viola d’amore, viola da gamba and basso continuo. Christoph Wolff calls attention to the “colorful and delicate effects achievable with these forces.”
Among the extant Bach cantatas, only Tritt auf die Glaubensbahn employs the viola d’amore. The composer, however, made extensive use of a pair of these instruments in his scoring for the St. John Passion (BWV 245).
Interview with Paul Miller: The Viola d’Amore in the St. John Passion
Posted by Edward McCue in Bach's Successors, Bach's Works, Festival Events, Interviews, Organology
aria, Baroque bow, bass, Betrachte meine Seel', Boulder Bach Festival, Boulder Bach Festival Players, cantata, chorale prelude, Erwäge wie sein blutgefärbter Rücke, Hindemith, Johannes Eberle, Kammermusik Nr. 6, Kleine Sonate, Leipzig, lute, luthier, Martin Biller, Mein teurer Heiland, Mittenwald, nylon string, organ, organ registration, organ stop, passion, pastorale, Paul Miller, Prague, Rick Erickson, solo stop, St. John Passion, St. Matthew Passion, sympathetic string, tenor, timbre, Tomastik, tone color, Tritt auf die Glaubensbahn, viola d’amore, Weimar, Zachary Carrettin
Edward McCue (EM) Few of us are familiar with the viola d’amore. What is it about this many-stringed instrument that Bach found attractive, and what role will it play in Boulder Bach Festival performances of the St. John Passion (BWV 245), under the direction of Rick Erickson, on 1 and 2 March 2013?
Paul Miller (PM) Bach already included the viola d’amore in his score for the cantata Tritt auf die Glaubensbahn (BWV 152) at the end of 1714, but we’re not certain what kind of instrument he would have known during his years in Weimar. It’s quite likely that that viola d’amore had five or six playing strings, but we’re not sure if that instrument included resonating, sympathetic strings strung below the playing strings. In any case, we can be certain that Bach appreciated the nasal quality of the tone produced by the viola d’amore and realized that it did not project as loudly as a violin.
Later, while in Leipzig, Bach featured the distinctive tone color of the viola d’amore in the St. John Passion. For nearly fifteen minutes, following the violent scourging of Jesus, a pair of these gentle instruments, with the accompaniment of a lute, reflect on the beating of this innocent man during a bass arioso, Betrachte, meine Seel’, and a tenor aria that immediately follows, Erwäge, wie sein blutgefärbter Rücken. With these two arias, Bach reveals what lies at the center of his interpretation of John’s gospel, that is, whatever bad happened to Jesus must be interpreted as being good for us. This is in stark contrast with the later St. Matthew Passion (BWV 244), where our guilt and sin are lamented over again and again.
Bach portrayed the interplay between darkness and light in the St. John Passion by employing the full Baroque palette of musical devices, including contrasts in tone color. Bach was so very sensitive to tone color, and since many of the organs of his day included a viola d’amore stop, I like to imagine him really enjoying that solo stop for extended periods of time.
EM Few twenty-first century listeners have had an opportunity to hear the extraordinary sound of the viola d’amore. How many orchestral string players have ever heard one, and when they do, how many commit to its mastery?
PM Few upper string players take the time to double on the viola d’amore, and when they do, they must contend with a number of thorny technical issues.
Since Bach didn’t specify a tuning for the strings of the instrument, Zachary Carrettin, our concertmaster for the Boulder Bach Festival Players, and I have had to discover for ourselves what tuning will work. We have found that a G minor tuning of the strings, even though the arias are in E flat Major and C minor, respectively, works really well. Even though there certainly would be other ways to go about it, we find that it is easier to play in tune with each other when we tune both instruments with the same open strings. While there are a couple of spots that are genuinely a bit tricky, most of it works pretty well with the G minor tuning, and we find that the open strings resonate very nicely in all of the right places.
Zach and I have also decided to play on instruments built by the same luthier, Martin Biller. Zach is playing on Biller’s classic Mittenwald model with an absolutely beautiful arched back of interwoven cherry and maple woods. I’m playing on an viola d’amore modeled after a flat-backed instrument made by Johannes Eberle of mid to late eighteen-century Prague, so you’ll see two instruments with different shapes but complementary sounds.
Lately we’ve also been working out other technical issues, including different ways of using the Baroque bow and string selections. Because our violas d’amore have seven strings, rather than the four found on modern violins and violas, it’s easy to crash into the wrong string if you’re not careful, and if you blindly insist on using gut strings, your instrument quickly goes out of tune. As a result, we’ve decided to use metal-wound perlon strings by the Viennese manufacturer Thomastik, the same string-maker that supplied Paul Hindemith when he composed and performed his Kleine Sonate and Kammermusik Nr. 6 for viola d’amore in the 1920s.
EM Paul, it’s obvious that you are very much looking forward to performing the two arias that include your viola d’amore, but what will likely be the high point of the St. John Passion for the other members of the orchestra, the chorus and the audience?
PM Even though I’ve always played one of the viola d’amore parts in previous performances, I think that the other players also like the d’amore arias because they give them a break from playing and an extraordinary opportunity to join the audience in listening to fifteen minutes of sheer beauty. But for all of us performing the St. John Passion, it’s the bass aria and chorale after Jesus has died, Mein teurer Heiland, that is truly amazing. This pastorale in 6/8, very much like a chorale prelude for soloist, chorus and orchestra, confirms that the terror of Jesus’ passion is finally over and that the brightness of God’s glory can now shine forth.
Bach certainly composed gems for the viola d’amore in the St. John Passion, but I’ve got to say that Mein teurer Heiland is even greater evidence of his musical and theological genius.
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What do council members make in SLO County?
John Ashbaugh
By JOSH FRIEDMAN
Some part-time city council members and mayors in San Luis Obispo County earn high compensation rates for the hours they work.
The top earners among council members in the county received approximately $27,000 to $30,000 in total compensation in 2013. San Luis Obispo Councilman John Ashbaugh received the highest compensation of $29,768.92. Paso Robles Mayor Duane Picanco received the second highest total of $28,006.96, followed by Pismo Beach Mayor Shelly Higginbotham, who received $27,120.52.
When asked about his pay, Ashbaugh said he has argued for reductions in council compensation and will oppose any recommended increases.
“I don’t do this to get rich,” Ashbaugh said. “I don’t take all that I’m entitled to.”
Ashbaugh said his compensation is higher than other council members because he does not have the ability to receive health insurance through a spouse’s plan.
Paso Robles Mayor Picanco, like the other mayors and city council members in San Luis Obispo County, serves part time. In addition to presiding over council meetings on the first and third Tuesdays of each month, he serves on regional boards.
A CalCoastNews inquiry shows that Picanco received about $297 an hour in 2013 for his participation at meetings. Picanco spent about 94 hours in meetings of the Paso Robles council, the San Luis Obispo County Local Agency Formation Commission and the California Joint Powers Insurance Authority.
Picanco is one of a number of city council members and mayors in San Luis Obispo County whose hourly pay reaches into the $150 to $300 range. Picanco did not respond when asked to comment.
Higginbotham earned about $255 per hour for approximately 106 hours of participation in government meetings. In addition to serving as a member of the Pismo Beach council, Higginbotham sits on the San Luis Obispo Council of Government, San Luis Obispo Regional Transit Authority, San Luis Obispo County Homeless Services Oversight Council (HSOC) and South County Transit Board.
“Thank you for letting me know,” Higginbotham said when asked for a comment on her pay.
Ashbaugh earned about $164 per hour for his participation in meetings. He spent approximately 182 hours attending meetings in 2013. In addition to sitting on the San Luis Obispo City Council, Ashbaugh served on boards for the San Luis Obispo County Integrated Waste Management Authority, Community Action Partnership of San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo County Water Resources Advisory Committee and HSOC.
Mayors and council members receive pay in the form of salaries and customized benefit packages, consisting mostly of health benefits. Many council members forego some or all benefits, but others double or even triple their pay by accepting generous benefit packages. Council members that belong to certain regional boards also receive stipends from the respective agencies for participation in meetings.
CalCoastNews determined the total compensation of council members by adding their salary, benefit and stipend totals. Salary and benefits, which comprise the majority of council member pay are exact numbers obtained from the individual cities. Stipend totals from participation in regional boards are in some cases estimations based on the number of meetings council members appear to have attended.
CalCoastNews determined the hourly rates of the top earners by dividing total compensation by the number of hours they spent in council and regional board meetings. The calculations do not include hours spent outside of official city and regional meetings. In the case of some regional board meetings, the hour tallies are estimations.
On average, Paso Robles council members earned the most in the county. Paso Robles councilmen earned more than $25,000 on average with little variation in pay. Each councilman in Paso Robles received more than $200 an hour for his participation in meetings.
Grover Beach council members earned the least pay in the county. Each member of the Grover Beach council, with the exception of Councilman Glenn Marshall, received at total of $3,875.40 in salary and benefits. Including board stipends, only Mayor Debbie Peterson earned more than $5,000.
Marshall elected not to take any pay from the city. He was the only council member countywide not to receive financial compensation for his position.
Atascadero, like Grover Beach, pays its council members annual salaries of $3,600. Only Mayor Tom O’Malley opted to take health benefits in 2013, boosting his total pay to $12,170.50.
Morro Bay Councilwoman Nancy Johnson was the only council member in the county to cash out benefits. Johnson received $5,153.56 in cash for unused health coverage, nearly doubling her paycheck. She did so despite voting in November to eliminate the Morro Bay policy allowing council members to cash out unused health benefits.
Each member of the Morro Bay council received a total compensation in the $11,000 to $14,000 range.
Other councils, though, had sizable differences in pay among their members.
While Ashbaugh earned $29,768.92, San Luis Obispo Councilman Dan Carpenter received $11,410.96. Carpenter foregoes the majority of benefits offered, including a CalPERS retirement contribution. The other members of the San Luis Obispo council receive annual CalPERS contributions of between $2,000 and $4,000, paid for by the city.
The Pismo Beach council had three members make more than $20,000 and two receive less than $12,000 in 2013 total pay.
Higginbotham earned $27,120.52, but Pismo Beach Councilman Ed Waage received only $10,897.92. Both Waage and Councilman Kris Vardas elected not to take health insurance, while Higginbotham, Councilwoman Mary Ann Reiss and Councilman Erik Howell each received more than $10,000 in health benefits from Pismo Beach.
In Arroyo Grande, former councilwoman Caren Ray earned more than Mayor Tony Ferrara and Councilman Tim Brown combined, despite giving up her seat in October. Ray earned nearly $17,000 from Arroyo Grande in 2013, even though she left the council to join the Board of Supervisors.
Councilman Joe Costello had the highest pay among Arroyo Grande council members. He received $22,482 in total compensation.
San Luis Obispo Mayor Jan Marx received the highest salary, $14,404, among council members in the county. Marx’s compensation for the year totaled $20,033.90. She did not take medical coverage but received nearly $6,000 in retirement contributions and board meeting stipends.
Subjects: John Ashbaugh public employee salaries Public employees San Luis Obispo County Shelly Higginbotham
Los Osos man applies to live on Mars
Forbes Magazine notes SLO County as government run amok
ConfedOfDunces
With the exception of Fred Strong, The Paso Robles City council could be effectively replaced by bobble heads. Then we might get an occasional no vote (during an earthquake?) when city management, engineering and planning departments propose projects that desecrate neighborhoods and impede traffic. Look at the Target maze, diagonal parking and the gaudy Heritage Oaks Bank behemoth on Vine. Now, look at the 21st St project. When it flooded after a relatively small amount of rain, the city was heard to say everything was working as planned. That may be so but it is certainly not working as promised. And plans are underway to repeat this make-work atrocity on 12th St.
hijinks2
Public service for elected officials was once about giving back, now it is about taking and Council Ashbaugh personifies that.
What’s troubling isn’t that council members are paid. They should be paid — it’s a job. They’re probably “paid” too little for the seriousness of the job and the wisdom it demands if done well. Only the rich, the kept, or the retired can “afford” these jobs, and that doesn’t produce good representation.
What’s bothersome about the total compensation being reported is this actual compensation is so different from the piddling amounts that the public is told about. Who’d have thought that supposedly part-time council members are earning some multiple of their “pay” through benefits? Sure didn’t occur to me. That’s not transparent, and non-transparent government is bad government.
The really funny thing is that if any of these people get tossed out of office by voters, as city employees whose job is “terminated” they’d probably qualify for unemployment. Wonder how many apply for it? Josh, why not ask all the cities that question and watch them squirm?
Those are good points; however, if it’s a full-paid position, we’re more than likely to just attract “cheaters” – I’ll stick with the “kept” men and women.
Also, I think the hourly rate, while mathematically correct for hours served while in a meeting, probably do not account for non-meeting time (prep, post-meeting Q&A, whatever).
Still, I like PART-TIME government. ALL “officials” who govern should be part time. Less chance of them making up work to justify their full time position. Kind of like a 24-hour news channel… there really isn’t 24 hours of news, so they resort to make-work programming.
Isn’t it Texas that has their state legislature meet only once every two years or something?
Pay them less, maybe – just maybe, we’ll attract better candidates.
rogerfreberg
Compensation does not attract good people into local office… it attracts people who want to be paid, pure and simple.
There is some common warning signs that call attention to an employee who might be stealing from you. Does the employee have a disclosed or undisclosed need? Can the employee justify their questionable actions? Does the employee have little or no oversight? How many elected officials fall into this category??
How many county elected officials fit Roosevelt’s criteria below??
“Honesty is not so much a credit as an absolute prerequisite to efficient service to the public. Unless a man is honest, we have no right to keep him in public life; it matters not how brilliant his capacity”
Of course, Roosevelt’s quote doesn’t really fit Ashbaugh; he has no brilliant capacity.
Only problem with Teddy was his progressivism. He was our first, so it wasn’t as bad. It did, however, only get worse and worse over the decades.
progressives the folks organized around the question “should one family control the destiny of an entire nation?” 10-4 Eleanor
Compensations for City officials is a good policy. It protects us from only having ‘the rich’ be able to ‘serve’. The health benefits seem to have gotten out of hand in MB, though, where the equivalent to Medicare would be the best policy.
Kevin 99
Sorry, Josh, but this is a pretty thin analysis. You could look at an NBA basketball player and say, hey, he’s only working 48 minutes on an average night–at most!!–and taking his salary and, hmmm, divide that by the total number of games x minutes, and HEY! He’s making a million dollars per hour!!! No, you have not accounted for practice time, travel time, drills, study, the expected personal appearances on behalf of the team and the NBA and all the other stuff. So to take a Councilmember’s pay and calculate only by the actual time in front of a microphone—-no. Doesn’t work. Is there not a better barometer of effectiveness when it comes to public officials?
SLOpoke
The article contains numerous false assertions. Council members and mayors in San Luis Obispo County do NOT earn high compensation rates for the hours they work. Calculating the hourly pay by dividing the annual compensation (including healthcare, pension contributions, and other benefits) by the number of council meeting hours is grossly misleading. As other people have stated, elected officials spend countless hours each week, preparing for council meetings, responding to citizens’ concerns, attending other meetings and official events. Being a mayor/council member is basically a full-time job in SLO.
Compensation for council members and mayors should be significantly raised rather than decreased. Otherwise, only people who are independently wealthy will be able to hold public office.
1inthemiddle
What you see as politicking others very as public service and representation. Many service groups expect these elected officials to come spear support there events. The outwardly silly act of a ribbon cutting is in support of local businesses and these partnerships serve the greater community. How about city officials attending an Eagle Scout ceremony? Yes, it’s optional, but it’s a service many expect and appreciate.
Council direction of city staff is the result of communication with the public and a variety of stack holders. That takes more than just filling a seat at a meeting.
SLOpoke is correct; while Josh’s article is MATHEMATICALLY correct, it can be highly misleading to low-information types (obviously not many here, as several of us have pointed it out).
However, where Josh should be commended, he did compare APPLES to APPLES. So whether it’s a fair salary or not, isn’t the point as much as we see what each person makes RELATIVE to other county officials who also are part-time / similar roles.
I would disagree with SLOpoke about raising the salary; I think it is fine – it IS part-time work, and a $25k/year PART-TIME job ain’t so bad.
I’m curious how CA SB-1234 (which PASSED) will effect them, though… but that’s a WHOLE ‘NUTHER topic.
(hint, hint, CCN)
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Atascadero man dies following motorcycle crash
A 65-year-old Atascadero man has died from injuries he received more than a week ago in a crash involving six motorcycles on Highway 1 near San Simeon. Glenn Paul McMahon succumbed to his injuries at 2 a.m. on Monday, according to the CHP.
On July 10 at about 2 p.m., a vehicle slowed to take a left turn on Pico Avenue in front of a group of eight motorcyclists from North San Luis Obispo County. Six of the motorcyclists did not notice the vehicle’s turn signal or brake lights, began to swerve to miss the vehicle, lost control of their motorcycles and crashed, according to a CHP press release.
Kathleen McMahon, 59, of Atascadero; Matthew Sumner, 51, of Atascadero; Michael Leland, 47, of Templeton; Gustavo Hurtado, 41, of Paso Robles and Jim Restine, 49, of Atascadero were also involved in the crash.
CHP officers do not believe drugs or alcohol played a role in the accident.
Subjects: Atascadero California Highway Patrol (CHP) Collision Highway 1 motorcycles San Simeon
Poll shows Justin Fareed leading in congressional race
Did county emergency responders fail Lake Nacimiento drowning victim?
catdude
“Six of the motorcyclists did not notice the vehicle’s turn signal or brake lights” – Patently absurd! One rider, perhaps, but SIX riders failed to see brake/turn lights? What, everybody’s looking at the ocean instead of the road? Ridiculous. They certainly weren’t talking on their cell phones. Pretty apparent the cage driver pulled out in front of the bikes. It has certainly happened to me multiple times in 48 years of riding. Not as close, probably, or I’d be dead. I’ve certainly many times seen an idiot move by a cage driver and thought, “if I were two seconds ahead of where I am I’d be dead”. Chance the cage driver will face consequences? Slim…
Condolences to the family, but this is why I never ride in a pack. Not only are you having to deal with incompetent car drivers you are also at the mercy of the other motorcyclists lack of situational awareness and or lack of skill.
Ride your own ride
topper01
“Six of the motorcyclists did not notice the vehicle’s turn signal or brake lights”
It is impossible to notice something that did not happen.
. A Southbound motorists had taken a photo of the south bound group of MCs just before the traffic collision. There were no cars in front of the group..
Note to CHP: Interview the riders with an open mind. Check with San Simeon liquor store and other surrounding businesses. Several of the riders claim that she pulled from the area of the liquor store, turned left in front of the group and abruptly stopped.
SLO_Johnny
The CHP does very thorough accident investigations, particularly when someone is killed and multiple vehicles involved. The driver of the car could potentially face criminal charges as could the cyclists. The CHP investigation and report could become evidence in a criminal court so they are very meticulous. It will take months before a full report is released and then delivered to the D.A.’s office.
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Co-Founder of Just for Laughs on the future of comedy
, I was challenged with the question: “What’s the role of YouTube for the next generation of comedians?”
Right now, so many of the current generation of comedians—particularly the stand-ups—are using YouTube effectively and efficiently to drive their live business and overall image. Not only has this rendered the promo DVD or cassette (now I’m showing my age!) extinct, but seriously minimizes the amount of travel for any Festival talent scout. What I used to do in clubs, I can now do at home. And the drinks are cheaper.
But using YouTube exclusively as a promotional tool is like using Google Glass to magnify and read the printed word.
At its best, at its most promising, YouTube is the Garden of Eden; not only for the next generation of comedians, but actually for forming the next generation of comedians.
Right now, comedy is more than killing it on the platform. And what’s working best takes advantage of the YouTube platform:
Democracy (anyone can do it)
Speed (shoot in the morning, upload in the afternoon)
Vast Audience Reach (every niche is huge)
Quirkiness (impact over aesthetics)
Pranks and pranksters are huge (including Just For Laughs’ Gags channel, with over 4,000,000 subscribers). So are eccentric people simply talking to their rabid fan base. Most promising is that the low barrier to entry allows infinite experimentation…which will lead to new breeds of humour analogous to the medium (and to its increasing mobile use). Without even trying, YouTube has already spawned a motherlode of unique talent that has built its own infrastructure.
I remember a sobering trip to Los Angeles a couple years back where I discovered the parallel universe being driven by unconventional YouTube-friendly digital comedians, NONE of whom I had ever heard of before. During my meetings in traditional Hollywood—along Santa Monica or Wilshire or Sunset—we talked about “digital comedians,” but they were merely savvy analog acts who had a grasp of digital tools like social media accounts.
Once I ventured “below Highway 10” so to speak, the homeland of pure video plays like Maker Studios, Fullscreen and their ilk, I was exposed to a whole new breed of off-beat creators who didn’t care about the old rules, and considered the intrusion of cameras a friend rather than a foe.
And today, that dividing line is blurring rapidly.
Grace Helbig, namesake of YouTube hit Daily Grace, has been anointed one of Variety’s 10 Comics to Watch, a list that in the past has brought initial attention to the likes of Jenny Slate, Amy Schumer, Lewis Black, Louis C.K., Zach Galifianakis and the aforementioned Patton Oswalt.
The massively popular Epic Rap Battles of History is being featured in full-page ads on the backs of old-school magazines like Entertainment Weekly.
Net content pioneer Chris “Nerdist” Hardwick is now the host of Comedy Central’s mega-hit, “@midnight.”
One of my childhood heroes, Weird Al Yankovic, is using YouTube to launch eight new videos from his new album (they still make those?) over eight days.
And if you think Orange is actually the new black, you should meet The Annoying Orange, a cloying crossover megastar of web, TV and merchandise.
THIS is where YouTube has its greatest role, opportunity and responsibility for the comedy of tomorrow. In the 1967 book “The Medium is the Massage,” visionary Marshall McLuhan said that “We impose the form of the old on the content of the new”; in other words, our new content takes on the form of that which preceded it (which is why early TV looked like visual radio). Right now, despite its success, it’s not enough for YouTube to be satisfied with server farms filled with filmed live performances, talking heads or sketches that look like old TV or indie films. The role of YouTube is to drive the next generation to do more, to take the next shot, to take risks, and to deftly incorporate the past to drive the future.
That is why, at this year’s Just For Laughs, my number one priority is welcoming the new-breed YouTube comedy stars to the event, and ensuring that they don’t merely meet their more traditional brethren and sistren, but find a way to collaborate with them…and change the humor industry.
And perhaps while doing so, find a nice niche within it for a gutsy, outspoken, ostentatious veteran like me to occupy ;)
Posted by Andy Nulman , Co-Founder of Just for Laughs Festival, Businessman, Professor
Given that I’m currently in the throes of all things comedic during the 32nd annual Just For Laughs Festival, I was challenged with the question: “What’s the role of YouTube for the next generation of comedians?”
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Widow of Alexander Kaidanovsky put to rest the debate about his legacy
Inna Pilars for the first time voiced its position. Widow of Alexander Kaidanovsky tried to prove that in a short marriage with her actor was happy. In addition, she believed that had been fair with the legacy of the stars.
This year Alexander Kaidanovsky would have turned 70 years old. Famous actor left behind a rich legacy. The star of the film “at home among strangers, stranger among friends” and other masterpieces of Soviet cinema died twenty years ago after a heart attack. However, speculation around the legacy of the famous actor continue to occur and now. The widow Kaidanovsky Inna Pivar was only 27 years old when she buried her husband. Their marriage lasted months.
After Alexander’s death, the girl was nicknamed “black widow” and accused her of fraud with the estate. One of the most aggressive in relation to Inna personalities became a friend Kaidanovsky Vera Shchur. In the Studio of the program “live” it has made its position clear.
“Inherited a lot included stunning renovated apartment on sivtseff Vrazhek that Sasha received, and the home country. The friend had four children, said Schur. When we reached the Moscow city court, the widow decided to give each child five thousand dollars.” It turns out that Faith actively helped me in the struggle for the inheritance.
For once and for all put an end to the question that was actually solved many years ago, the widow Kaydanovskogo Inna Pivers publicly for the first time brought face to face with his longtime opponent. The actress has denied the Faith Schur about what a legacy was part of a country house.
“I was married to Alexander L. married three weeks, and I was happy. And this determined my whole future life. I hate that after this amount of time, and it is 20 years that whether memory has become, I don’t see why the trend of this number lies in the first place. How can you not know, that’s so insulting to me that the house was not any inheritance? Maybe you’re not aware or forgot that the house was rented, it was just a rental. It is not inherited. You’ve spoken about courts and the court itself was not”, – said Inna.
It turns out that the group of persons, which, according to Pivar, was Vera Shchur, wrote a letter to the court to recognize her marriage to Kaidanovsky invalid. The woman was accused that she violently forced the actor to sign the papers to become his legal wife.
As evidence to the contrary, Inna brought to the Studio program diary actor, who has managed to retain after his death. The entry Kaidanovsky made the wedding day with Pepars reads: “a Remarkable day! I got married! Totally happy!”
“At that time, the apartment was worth, in my opinion, 25 thousand dollars. It was divided into five parts. Me officially, the notary gave one-fifth, like all other four children – pivers clarified the situation with the inheritance of the actor. No marital share I had, although in principle they explained to me that if you’re going to sue, you can win half of married and one-fifth of the other half. I was not sued and was not going to do that. I sold my apartment in Timiryazevskaya and tried to negotiate with the children to give them money”.
At the end of the program in the Studio appeared the daughter of actor Kaidanovsky Darya, which made clear that claims to the widow of the actor she is not. “What was the inheritance? My father’s legacy is not the things, not a sofa, it’s not even flat, no matter how much she was worth. This is his work, his films… He directed and filmed wonderful films. It is his role, which no one can take away that you can’t split up, they belong to all of you,” said Daria.
A cruel blow of fate befell Sophia Vergara
Kate Middleton will become Queen of great Britain
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Trump Is Tearing Up the INF Treaty Because Russia’s Hypersonic Missile Advances Have Left the US Behind
Vladimir Putin at Valdai not at all incidentally started talking about the increased danger of nuclear war, repeated the axiom about the readiness of Russia to take away the whole world with itself, and discussed the existence of the right to make a preventive strike.
Concerning the latter issue experts immediately started a discussion about whether or not the president of Russia meant a nuclear preventive strike, and if yes, then how does it correlate with his statement about not being the first to strike a nuclear blow.
We will answer briefly.
Firstly, it does match, since a preventive strike is considered by international law as a response to aggression that became already inevitable. You, however, need to prove that the aggression was inevitable. But it is unlikely that someone will be interested in proof after nuclear war. The one who wins will be the one who survives, and not many will survive (if any survive at all). And it will be individuals and/or communities, and not states or international organisations. So if the Russian leadership receives information about the inevitability in the next few hours of a massive nuclear attack on Russia, it has the right (and is even obliged) to strike a preventive nuclear blow, and this doesn’t mean being the first to use a nuclear weapon.
Secondly, this isn’t important at all, since even if a preventive blow will be struck with conventional precision weapons, it will be aimed against regions of basing where the nuclear weapon carriers and anti-missile defense systems threatening Russia are deployed. From the point of view of the military doctrines of both the USSR and Russia, a massive attack of strategic nuclear objects by non-nuclear forces is equated to the beginning of nuclear war and grants the right for a nuclear response. The Americans approach this matter in exactly the same way.
So in principle it doesn’t make any sense to discuss whether or not Vladimir Putin meant a preventive or exclusively reciprocal nuclear or non-nuclear strike by Russia. He absolutely clearly highlighted the sharp increase in the level of danger of a nuclear confrontation. And this is the most important thing, because “who started it first” won’t be important, and nobody will learn or know about it.
So the question that interests us most sound as follows: “Why did the president of Russia start talking about the threat of a nuclear catastrophe right now, when we are passing through not the deepest aggravations of the Syrian and Ukrainian crises, and on the Korean peninsula Seoul and Pyongyang show an unprecedented level of friendliness, seriously discussing the denuclearisation of the peninsula within the framework of the development of inter-Korean dialogue and economic cooperation between the North and the South?”
I am sure that it was a preventive response to the decision of the US to withdraw from the INF Treaty that was announced one day later.
Why did this decision cause such a sharp reaction? After all, the INF Treaty signed in Washington by Gorbachev and Reagan on December 8th, 1987 came into force in June, 1988, and by June, 1991 it had already been implemented. I.e., all complexes falling under the ban were destroyed by both Russia and the US. Moreover, the development of military equipment over the last 30 years allows to assign tasks that were previously being solved by complexes that were destroyed under the Treaty to other systems that, without formally violating the Treaty, are even more effective.
The Treaty forbids the production and deployment of land-based rockets with a range of 500 to 5000 kilometers. But today Russia has in its arsenal the “Iskander” complexes (up to 500 km) and the air/sea-based “Kalibr” cruise missiles have been deployed (they don’t fall under the restrictions of the Treaty, which the Americans insisted on in the past). The declared range of these rockets can reach 1500 kilometers. At the same time certain sources speak about 2000-2500 kilometers. The range of the “Kinzhal” complex (including the range of the carrier) placed on a Tu-22М3 reaches 3000 kilometers. But this is if we bear in mind the combat radius of the aircraft at supersonic. In a mixed regime [using both subsonic and supersonic – ed] the combat radius of the aircraft increases from 1500 to 2500 kilometers, respectively, thus the range of the complex together with the rocket can reach 4000 kilometers.
I.e., without formally violating the Treaty, with the help of the latest developments Russia is capable of solving tasks that last century were completable only by average-range missiles. Moreover, the latest developments that must come to troops in the next 10-12 years in general possess an arbitrary range, i.e., in principle there are no inaccessible targets on planet Earth for them.
I will also remind that Russia in the past declared the possibility of it withdrawing from the INF Treaty should the Americans withdraw from the ABM Treaty. I think that a withdrawal indeed didn’t happen because it was more effective to develop and adopt new high-precision weapons that allowed to not violate the Treaty and at the same time to not be especially tied down from a strategic point of view.
In 30 years Russia simply turned the situation on its head. At the time that the INF Treaty was concluded, the US had an overwhelming advantage in non-nuclear precision weapons that still back then were capable of striking Soviet (and later Russian) strategic missiles within the first disarming massive non-nuclear strike.The USSR countered these classes of American missiles (including air/sea-based “Tomahawks”) with its own average-range missiles, in the production of which it had a technological advantage. The US withdrew sea/aviation-based cruise missiles from the Treaty (having promised that they would only be a part of the armaments of non-nuclear equipment), but at the same time they completely deprived the USSR/Russia of a whole class of strategic armaments in exchange for the elimination of their analogous intermediate-range nuclear forces, which weren’t important for them.
I.e., at that moment the US could resolve strategic issues without using average-range missiles, but Russia couldn’t, therefore it was favorable to Washington to destroy these missiles. Now, to the big chagrin of the Americans, it became clear that concerning high-precision weapons (including cruise and ballistic missiles) Russia seriously surpassed them and will increase this superiority in the near future. Moreover, Moscow can do it without formally violating the INF Treaty.
Thus, Washington needed the restoration of armaments in the class of average-range missiles only so that its technological lag behind Moscow didn’t turn into a factor of its strategic helplessness. After all, you and I understand that the T-90 tank can destroy the T-34 tank, even without coming within range of its aimed turret fire (not to mention effective blows). And this applies to missiles too. It’s not just the missile that is important, its tactical-technical data is also important.
But just like how an outdated tank can destroy its super modern counterpart if it appears to be in rather close proximity for an effective strike, the shortcomings of the missile weapon can be compensated for by the proximity of its placement.
And it is indeed here that the danger lies. If the US hasn’t yet lost the production technology of those average-range missiles that served in their arsenal during the 1980’s, then they can rather quickly mass-produce hundreds of this same “Pershing II”. The next question: where will they be deployed? They won’t reach the territory of Russia from the territory of the US. There are three options: Europe, Japan, and South Korea. It’s not a fact that Seoul will agree to participate in a new round of the arms race, taking into account its honeymoon with Pyongyang and the frank fears of being thrown by the US into the line of fire of North Korean or Chinese retaliatory missile strikes. And from the Korean peninsula and Japanese islands it is only possible to shoot at the Far East, where targets for these missiles are, frankly speaking, few and far between but very well covered.
Last time, the main regions of basing of average-range missiles were deployed by the US in Western Europe (Germany, Great Britain, Italy, and Denmark). Back then the flight time of “Pershing” to Smolensk was 6 minutes, and to Moscow — up to 10 minutes. This sharply reduced the time for decision-making in a crisis situation and increased the probability of a conflict incidentally appearing. It is precisely for this reason that back then the Soviet leadership, like today’s Russian one, warned that the US had started a dangerous game fraught with slipping into an uncontrollable conflict that can instantly develop into a full-scale nuclear war.
Now it’s far from being a fact that the Americans will succeed to base missiles in the same countries that they were based in during the last century. So far it is only Great Britain that has unambiguously supported the US, having stated that it doesn’t consider itself as being tied down by the INF Treaty any more. Germany and Italy won’t be thrilled if they will receive such a proposal. Besides this, Trump started an economic war against the EU, the spearhead of which is aimed precisely at Old Europe.
But there is a New Europe. Who can guarantee that Poland, the Baltics, and the Ukraine that joined them will longly deliberate after receiving from the US the proposal to base “Pershing” (or something similar) on their territory? But after all, then the flight time of missiles to Moscow will total no more than 3-4 minutes, and even less to St. Petersburg – 1.5 minutes.
It is indeed a situation where any fortuity can provoke a preventive strike. Moreover, in a situation when a strike is applied to the launching sites of American nuclear missiles, it is possible without philosophising to immediately launch intercontinental missiles at Washington too. Anyway, the sliding of the conflict into a full-scale nuclear exchange will be a matter of a few minutes, or in the best-case scenario – several hours.
And it is this that Putin spoke about at Valdai, when he promised aggressors that we will enter paradise, and they will simply die.
The system of international treaties designed to ensure nuclear stability relied on the Missile Technology Control Regime, the Non-Proliferation Treaty, the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty, SALT I and SALT II, START I, START II, the Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty, START III, and the INF Treaty.
The Missile Technology Control Regime and the Non-Proliferation Treaty practically turned into meaningless pieces of paper. Having spat on them, India and Pakistan obtained nuclear weapons. Israel, the possibilities of which are estimated at 100-200 tactical nuclear warheads, informally is also a nuclear power, but the “civilised world” pretends that it isn’t aware that permanently warring country is violating this Treaty. Well, and after the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea was not only able to realise its nuclear program, but also with the help of the technologies that it received from Ukraine it was able to create all classes of missiles, including intercontinental ones, it’s senseless to speak about the efficiency of the Missile Technology Control Regime and the Non-Proliferation Treaty. Everyone whose international weight is somewhat larger than Swaziland’s or Lesotho’s will be able to do what Kim Jong-un managed to do. As is known, the US withdrew from the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty.
SALT I limited strategic arsenals at the levels reached by the end of 1972 (and this is tens of thousands of carriers). SALT II didn’t come into force, because the US Senate blocked its ratification in connection with the entrance of Soviet troops in Afghanistan. START I and the Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty aren’t actual, because they were replaced by START III, which slightly reduced the total number of deployed carriers in comparison with the Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty. START II (which forbade the equipping of missiles with separable individually guided warheads) was signed in 1993, ratified by the State Duma in 2000, and in 2002 Russia withdrew from it in connection with the US’ withdrawal from the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty.
Thus, today after the US declared its withdrawal from INF Treaty, from the entire system of international treaties that regulate the system of strategic potentials, only START III actually works, but it means little in the context of the developing arms race.
Perhaps the US wants to repeat its successful blackmail attempt that took place in the 1980’s, which forced the USSR to make concessions and finally assisted in its final collapse. But the situation now differs radically.
Firstly, Russia has the corresponding experience and knows that it must not take a gentlemen’s word and the contracts that they sign at face value.
Secondly, if Russia so far has moved along the line of ascent both in politics and in the economy, then concerning the US it is possible at best to speak about stagnation. However, Trump prefers to speak about a crisis that he wants to overcome and to “make America great again”.
Thirdly, in respect of military technologies, during the last century the USSR was catching up with the US, but now it is the US that plays catch up.
Fourthly, stories about 5th generation fighter jets, as well as the latest destroyers and littoral ships, demonstrate the blatant inefficiency of the US’ military-industrial complex, when huge money is being spent but results are absent.
Fifthly, over the past century all the world’s centers of force (the US, the EU, China, and Japan) were against the USSR, which was forced to stretch its meagre military, political, financial, economic, and diplomatic resources to cover its standoff with all. Now even Japan doesn’t absolutely unconditionally support the US. In Europe the US only has Great Britain – which is torn apart by internal contradictions – and some of the destitute limitrophes. The US’ confrontation with China is tougher than the one it has with Russia, and now America starts to also speak about imposing sanctions on India.
In general, if to proceed from the US’ actions being a blackmail attempt, then this attempt is doomed to fail. But this doesn’t cancel the military danger of such games. If one fries shish kebabs on a barrel of gunpowder, it will sooner or later explode. So there will be an obligation to develop a new system of international treaties for the purpose of restricting, reducing, and, ideally, disposing of nuclear arsenals. But to start with the US needs to realise its place in the new world and to accept it.
Source: Ukraina.ru
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Professor Edward Byrne speaks at the King’s Sustainability Awards 2017
July 17, 2017 / Maria Rabanser / Comments Off on Professor Edward Byrne speaks at the King’s Sustainability Awards 2017
On the 3rd July, the annual King’s Sustainability Awards took place at Strand Campus.
Professor Ed Byrne, President & Principal of King’s College London, opened the awards by highlighting how important sustainability at all levels is to King’s.
His full speech is now available on our Youtube Channel:
“Thank you Kat Thorne, Tytus, the team, and thank you to all of you who have been involved in this amazingly important work over the last year. You will all have seen Vision 2029, hopefully more than once by now, and […] empathise with the tagline of 2029, ‘To make the world a better place’. And of course, there is no more important way to do that than around the incredibly important agenda of sustainability […], arguably the most important single area the human race needs to do better in.
So, thank you to you all. To our students, to our Champions, and many of you are in the audience. To those supporting them, and to those for whom it is part of their job role: our cleaners, our security, our engineering staff. We are here to celebrate a year of achievement by everyone, and this is an area where individual actions tell the whole story. Individual actions by a large community such as ours add up to make a real difference.
So, what does sustainability mean to King’s, what does it mean to me? It’s so important that everyone in the university buys into this agenda. It’s at all levels – if one believes in levels at a university. It’s bottom-up, it’s top-down, it’s in departments, it’s in professional staff, it’s in academic staff, it’s in our student body; we all have to show commitment in this area. Sustainability is one of the core foundations of Vision 2029, and is integrated throughout this vision, it comes up time and time again. We have a duty, a responsibility, to support and deliver, in a number of domains, against the 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals. This applies to our research, our education, and to how we run our business, our university operations, I know many of you in this audience who are involved in this area.
As we know, this is important for people of all ages, but it is particularly important to our students. And I think it’s not just because they are young people and are likely to be around for longer and see what happens to the planet over the next 50 years. But it’s because young people have a passion to preserve the environment. We all do, but there’s no doubt it’s developed deeply and strongly in our youth, in this country and around the world. 89% of King’s students, in a recent survey, stated that sustainable development is something universities should actively incorporate in their missions and promote. Our students, in their activities and running societies, in acting as volunteers in so many different areas, in working with the local communities, make a difference around the sustainability agenda. This is incredibly important to our students’ careers and employability, the opportunity to have careers in sustainability, the opportunity to take part in events which are supported by our alumni who are sharing their experiences with our students. So I want to thank our students and our graduates who have worked with the team over the past year, and good fortune to them in the future. Let’s acknowledge them now [applause].
We have to get better at this all the time, there is no room for complacency. But I think we are working to constantly improve the way in which we make sure our students leave this university with the skills and knowledge necessary to be agents of change, and to be able to make a difference in promoting a sustainable world.
Let me turn to research a little more. There are umpteen examples of colleagues working around King’s to address global grand challenges under sustainability theme. I could mention dozens of examples, but I’m just going to mention two or three. The Global Consortium for Sustainable Outcomes (GCSO), where in one project we are carrying out a living lab project in our own buildings to reduce the carbon footprint and the use of hot water – something simple, but complex. And I must mention the PLuS Alliance, because it has been a sort of baby of mine to get this under way. Combining the strengths of three leading research universities on three continents, all with significant activities around the sustainability agenda – Arizona State University (ASU) in Phoenix, King’s in London, and University of New South Wales in Sydney, Australia – and focusing many of our colleagues in those universities to work together around the global grand challenges in health, social justice, sustainability, technology and innovation. This is hugely important. We’ve seen great momentum since the launch of PluS last year, we’ve appointed over 100 PLuS fellows working across the three institutions, and the sustainability agenda is the dominant agenda to date – we have 11 research projects with seed funding.
Now, let me move on to another of the key domains which I alluded to briefly: our operations as an institution, because we have to live the dream, we have to do our bit and be an example to others. Sustainability Champions have a crucial role to play in reducing the negative impact of our operations. The Champions know their area best, they can identify positive actions and work with their colleagues to make a real difference in their area. And we have this in spades.
Much of the work we’re going to hear a little bit about is focused on reducing the environmental impact of our research in labs, while also improving the research environment. A laboratory consumes up to 5 times more energy than a typical academic space, therefore actions of Lab Sustainability Champions can have a big impact. We were highly commended at last year’s Green Gown Awards, a major award, for our Sustainability Lab programme. And it’s really great to have worked closely with a university I was a little connected with, UCL, and to have Champions working across King’s and UCL, auditing each other and sharing good practice across these institutions.
I am also delighted to announce that this year our colleagues across Estates & Facilities and the sports grounds have been externally audited, and last month they were accredited in a major programme: the ISO14001 programme, an internationally recognised standard for environmental management. Can you join me in saying well done to everybody who played a role in that achievement [applause].
This year, we’ve had some incredibly engaged colleagues right across the university, truly making a difference in their workplaces. We look forward to celebrating with them shortly, as we celebrate their awards.
Finally, for the next year, this has been an increasingly powerful story at King’s over the last three years. I have no doubt that the coming year will be no different. I am sure that we will perform against our agreed objectives in our Sustainability Charter. One thing I intend to do is report regularly to Council about that now, because we have some momentum around that and I think it has reached that stage. I was reading a university I worked at for many years in Australia, the University of Melbourne, is recycling their office equipment, and they have made and saved a bit of money in this highly sustainable agenda. I was delighted to see on our notice boards that we have saved £40,000 just by recycling office furniture at King’s, which is a phenomenal achievement and exactly the sort of initiative we need to continue.
In my own contribution over the next year, I am going to ensure that as we launch the new King’s Business School as the next Faculty at King’s, sustainable development and educating business people for the future in triple line reporting and in sustainable development will be a key theme of our school, that I want it to become renowned for throughout the world. That again will be a big step forward for King’s.
In summary, it has been a terrific year. Thank you to you all for the contributions you have made, it’s all about you, about what you do and what you achieve. And I think next year, we will continue on this upward curve. Thank you all.”
King’s Sustainability Awards 2017
July 5, 2017 / Maria Rabanser / 1 Comment
The annual King’s College London Sustainability Awards took place on Monday the 3rd July. The Awards highlighted the growing commitment and enthusiasm of the King’s community for sustainable development, one of the enabling foundations of Vision 2029.
During the ceremony, 45 teams comprising of over 200 Sustainability Champions were acknowledged for all their hard work in introducing sustainable practices into their workspaces over the course of the academic year. The ceremony also celebrated the efforts of staff and students who have made significant contributions to sustainable development across our operations, teaching, research and the wider King’s community.
Professor Edward Byrne, President & Principal of King’s College London, opened the Awards by highlighting the importance of sustainability and the work of the Sustainability Champions. He also announced that King’s recently achieved the ISO14001:2015 certification for the Estates operations on all campuses, including residences and sportsgrounds. You can find out more about the certification in the Estates & Facilities news.
Kat Thorne, Head of Sustainability, then reviewed the progress King’s has made in sustainability over the last year. Over 200 Sustainability Champions have carried out over 1,500 sustainability actions, resulting in 45 teams receiving Sustainability Awards. At an operational level, the university has reduced its carbon emissions by 26% since 2005/06, despite significant growth during this time period. The furniture re-use project Warp-It has now saved over £50,000 in procurement costs. In relation to sustainable food, the university is now a member of the Sustainable Restaurant Association, and has applied for Fairtrade University status.
The 45 Champions teams were then awarded Bronze, Silver and Gold Awards. This year, 18 teams achieved Bronze, 19 teams achieved Silver, and 8 teams were awarded Gold. In addition to this, we celebrated individual Champions, staff and teams who went above and beyond in their roles to embed sustainability into King’s.
All photos are now available here.
Thank you to all of those who have played a part in the Sustainability Awards this year, including our over 200 Champions!
The award winners and Professor Ed Byrne
GSTT Dental Link Nurse Team win Sustainability Award
June 7, 2016 / kcl sustainability / Comments Off on GSTT Dental Link Nurse Team win Sustainability Award
The already prestigious Guy’s and St Thomas’ Dental Institute has one more reason to be seen as world leading! As well as training 20% of all dentists in England, the Dental Link Nurse team is now saving £40,000 annually in material waste costs. This great example of sustainable practise has won them an NHS Sustainability Award.
The Nurse team found plenty of ways to reduce expenditure and waste so that more of the budget could be used to enhance care and training. By switching from exam kits to the just required mirrors for consultant clinics they saved around £500 a week on procurement and over £70 on waste.
Other changes such as transitioning from disposable to reusable gallipots, labelling bins and an atmosphere more excited in sustainability lead to an equivalent of 56 tonnes less carbon emissions from waste incineration as well as saving £42,000 over the past year which has been fed back into the department.
The Dental Link Nurse team hopes to expand their savings to other clinical teams. By stressing the savings and communicating their successes to the rest of the Guy’s and St. Thomas’ Foundation NHS trust departments hopefully this great success will be replicated.
Charles Pegg, Sustainability Projects Assistant
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Experts analyse and debate recent developments across UK government, politics and policy
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The future of UK services trade is unlikely to be bright, whatever form Brexit takes
When it comes to trade in services, leaving the Single Market will result in increased regulatory costs and could have significant effects on the volume and composition of UK services exports, writes Olga Pindyuk.
In the Brexit debate, trade in services has been largely overlooked in favour of trade in goods. This is despite the UK being the second biggest exporter of services in the world and having one of the highest shares in total exports among leading economies (Figure 1). Moreover, the EU is a major market for UK services, having accounted for about 49% of the country’s total services exports in 2017.
When talking about sector specialisation of services exporters, London as the UK’s financial hub comes to mind. But the UK is competitive in a broad range of services, with ‘other business services’ – a combination of legal, accounting, management consulting, and public relations services – being most prominent in cross-border trade, having accounted for 33.5% of the sector’s total exports in 2016 according to WTO data. The second biggest subsector is architectural, engineering, scientific, and other technical services (14.6%), followed by advertising, market research, and public opinion polling services (10.1%). In the transport sector, air transport accounts for almost two-thirds of exports.
As a member of the Single Market, the UK has access to a market of over 500 million consumers, to the free flow of data between EU members, and to passporting rights, which allow financial companies to sell services in any EU country without having to set up a branch there. In other words, the Single Market allows the UK to supply more services through cross-border trade rather than through costly commercial presence. Passporting rights are also a very important reason why the UK has been used as an EU base by US and Japanese financial firms.
Important for the professional services sector is also the free movement of people. For example, UK companies can employ European staff in the UK or send their workers on trips to the EU to consult clients, provide technical support to users of their products, broker and draft contracts, and so on. As migration concerns were crucial for the Brexit vote, movement restrictions are probably the most binding constraint on the government, making free movement unlikely to be a part of any deal, which significantly limits the options available for the services trade.
If the UK opts for a divorce that precludes it from participation in the Single Market in services, it will inevitably face increased regulatory costs: relevant providers in the UK will face heterogenous regulations in each Member State, which implies an increase in trading costs. With a rise in cross-border trade barriers there would also be a relative increase in the proportion of services provided via a more costly commercial presence within the EU. The process has already started due to the political uncertainty that has surrounded Brexit since 2016, and has so far been most visible in the financial sector where more than 250 firms have moved or are moving business elsewhere.
The biggest losses would take place if the country crashed out of the EU without any agreement and had to trade with the bloc on WTO terms, which envisage a very limited scope of liberalisation under the General Agreement on Trade in Services. Even concluding a free trade agreement with the EU will result in a significant rise in the barriers to services trade – the EU’s recent agreement with South Korea and Japan, for example, does not address regulatory issues around authorisations and licensing, with processes varying between Member States.
It is nonetheless possible that Brexit could result in more advanced services liberalisation than previous EU agreements. But in order to achieve this, any preferential access to the EU market that the UK might seek will need to be part of a comprehensive agreement, otherwise the EU may be obliged to extend more favourable conditions to its other trading partners according to the most favoured nation principle. Politically feasible options of such an agreement are deals similar to the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement or CETA+, which offer limited scope of liberalisation. The UK could possibly secure mutual recognition that would cover some professional qualifications and licensing for various sectors. Still, the scope of a deal will most likely be limited.
Comparison of the values of the OECD Services Trade Restriction Index for intra- and extra-EEA trade (Figure 2) shows that countries outside the Single Market face the highest barriers to trade with EEA members in air transport and a range of professional services: legal, accounting, architecture, and engineering. It is in these sectors that the UK is likely to experience the highest increase in trade costs.
The US is the most important market for UK services exporters outside the EU (20.5% of total services exports in 2017), but substantial reorientation of British services exports to this and other non-EU markets is unlikely as geography matters to services trade almost as much as to trade in goods. This is due to factors such as the need of face-to-face interactions, the inconvenience of operating in different time zones and so on, all of which tend to result in services exports being quite localised geographically.
Just how severely Brexit will affect the services trade will depend on the form it takes; however, it seems increasingly likely that under all feasible options the UK will face increased regulatory costs.
Note: the above draws on the author’s published report available here.
Olga Pindyuk is an Economist at the Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies.
All articles posted on this blog give the views of the author(s), and not the position of LSE British Politics and Policy, nor of the London School of Economics and Political Science. Featured image credit: Pixabay (Public Domain).
July 10th, 2019|Brexit, British and Irish Politics and Policy, Featured|0 Comments
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Downward Dog is doggone funny
By Bill Brioux May 16, 2017
Stick around after the season finale of Modern Family Wednesday for the series premiere of Downward Dog. The early “summer series” will move to Tuesdays at 8 p.m. the following week.
Based on a web series, Downward Dog is about a struggling millennual named Nan (Allison Tolman from Fargo) who is adored by her pooch, Martin. The twist is that the dog speaks, and directly to camera.
Series creator Samm Hodges provides the voice of the dog.”From the very beginning, we wanted to do something that was the opposite of what how talking dogs are usually done,” he told reporters last winter at TCA. “It was kind of like if a dog had all the modern anxieties of a modern human being, and kind of like by putting in a character who wants to matter and be remembered, and has a really big ego, into the mouth of a dog. And it kind of allows you to see very human anxieties in a different way.”
This is indeed a psycho-sitcom in much the same way as CBC’s shrink sitcom Michael Every Day. The dog acts out as well as speaks out and we learn as much about the neuroses of the master as we do about the pet.
Neff and Tolman at the Winter 2017 TCA press tour
Lucas Neff (Raising Hope) co-stars as Nan’s long-haired, free-spirited boyfriend. “The dog is your typical, I think, monster in training, which is what we all are,” he says. “And as an owner of several mentally disordered dogs, I find it truthful and authentic.”
Neff says he was “a hairy dude” before he even auditioned for this part. That seemed to work for the Downward Dog producers. “The breakdown of the character was tattoos, bearded, scruffy, millennial, hipster, man-child and I was like, there may be something in this for me.”
The series was shot in Pittsburgh but Neff says he’d been spending a lot of time in Toronto over the past two seasons. That’s thanks to his relationship with Caitlin Stasey, an Australian actress who worked on Reign in Toronto. “I was there every couple of weeks,” he says. “I love Toronto, it’s such a great city. I’m excited to possibly work there in the future. I have a couple things coming up and may work north of the border.”
Neff says it was easy working opposite the dog on set even though he doesn’t really speak.
“They have someone read it,” says Neff of the dog’s dialogue on set. “Just like theatre, you start in a very imaginative place as an actor where you’re acting with stuff that isn’t there. You look at Marvel movies and all those great big superhero things and it’s a lot of people acting with their imaginations.”
ABCAllison TolmanDownward DogLucas Neff
Will Grim Gables be embraced outside Canada?
May 13, 2017 4 Mins Read
Let’s be upfront: this fall looks pretty familiar
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Mission: The Chicago High School for the Arts (ChiArts®) develops the next generation of diverse, artistically promising scholar-artists through intensive pre-professional training in the arts, combined with a comprehensive college preparatory curriculum.
ChiArts’ diverse scholar-artists will thrive as creators, thinkers, and community members, and their participation in the arts and culture will deeply enrich their lives and society at large.
In 2004, The Elizabeth Morse Charitable Trust and the Elizabeth Morse Genius Charitable Trust convened a group of approximately ten arts and education organizations to discuss the issue of diversity within mid- to large-sized arts organizations in Chicago and specifically the lack of representation in this landscape by professional artists representing the many ethnic communities who call Chicago home.
The Diversity Working Group (DWG) surveyed the Chicago landscape to identify existing educational resources for aspiring young artists across a broad age spectrum, keeping in mind the concentrated, focused training required to prepare young artists for professional careers. Incredible richness within the existing resources in Chicago’s many excellent privately funded community music schools, youth orchestras, university music programs and major cultural institutions were evident. What was not found was a public institution that would provide a comprehensive learning environment with superior training at the high school level – a critical stage in development for the aspiring young artist. This age group stood out as the one area of greatest need and also that with greatest potential for positive impact.
Once it was decided to pursue the idea of an arts high school, the group undertook conversations with key senior administrative members from Chicago Public Schools to assess receptivity and possible options for the creation of an exceptional arts-focused educational institution in Chicago. DWG members conducted site visits and/or spoke to officials at several public and private arts high schools in other cities.
At that time, Renaissance 2010 became an avenue for establishing new schools and offering students and parents a quality choice in education. Civic leaders were identified by the DWG members to become the executive committee that would lead the project through the application process. The Chicago Board of Education approved the school on October 24, 2007. The executive committee became the founding board of directors of the school and ChiArts opened its doors for the first time on September 8, 2009.
We reflect, create, connect, and express:
Creativity—We pursue artistic and intellectual inquiry through active use of imagination, and we take risks towards passionate innovation.
Community—We support personal growth, respect diversity, and foster citizens who positively affect the intellectual and artistic life of Chicago and give back to the community through service.
Integrity—We hold ourselves and each other to high academic and artistic standards through honesty, sincerity, and accountability.
Humility—We allow our artistic and intellectual talents to speak for themselves, acknowledge our history, and are open to constructive criticism, realizing our finest achievements could not happen without the contributions of others.
Balance—We strive to lead well-rounded lives; we are reflective, and we manage our energies in ways that are productive, healthy, and foster connection with others.
Perseverance—We demonstrate courage through self-discipline and dedication as we embrace a willingness to move through obstacles with resilience.
ChiFive Current Projects: Support ‘Anita Finds Her Magic’
Faculty and Staff Site
FY2016 Annual Report
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« Hong Kong Falls 4 Points in Annual World Press Freedom Index
Where Does the Chinese People’s Discontent Come From?- Economist Mao Yushi’s New Book »
Expert: China hacking “reaching an intolerable level”
Posted by Author on February 3, 2013
A STRING of cyber attacks on major US media outlets has intensified worries over Chinese hackers, who analysts say are probably linked to the secretive Beijing government.
The attacks, part of a series of incidents traced to Chinese servers associated with previous intrusions, underscore an urgent need for Washington to pressure Beijing to rein in its digital warriors, experts say.
Other security professionals argue it is hard to be certain the attacks stem from China or that the hackers acted at the behest of the government.
Last week the Times and Wall Street Journal reported that their computer networks had been compromised, and alleged it was an effort by the Chinese government to spy on news media operating in the country.
On Friday Twitter said it, too, had been hit with a sophisticated cyber attack. It did not name the suspected source but said the infiltration was similar to those suffered by big news media.
And on Saturday, The Washington Post disclosed that in 2011 it too had been targeted in a cyber attack and suspected Chinese hackers were behind it.
James Lewis, cyber security specialist at US thinktank the Center for Strategic and International Studies, said there is evidence that backs the allegations of Chinese government involvement.
Hackers from China have previously been linked to attacks on US defense giant Lockheed-Martin, Google and Coca-Cola. Other reports say Chinese hackers have tried to infiltrate the Pentagon’s computers and those of US lawmakers.
“The Chinese don’t play by the rules that the rest of the world plays by,” Lewis said. “That’s partly because they don’t understand them and partly because they don’t value them.”
Lewis said the level of attacks is “reaching an intolerable level” and will force a US government response that goes beyond words.
The Wall Street Journal reported on Friday that in his coming book, Google chairman Eric Schmidt brands China an internet menace that sanctions cyber crime for economic and political gain.
“The New Digital Age” is authored by Schmidt in a collaboration with Jared Cohen, a former US State Department advisor who heads a Google Ideas think tank. The book is due for release in April.
The authors reportedly brand China “the world’s most active and enthusiastic filterer of information” and “the most sophisticated and prolific” hacker of foreign companies.
US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said there has been an increase in hacking attacks on both state institutions and private companies.
“We have to begin making it clear to not only the Chinese… that the United States is going to be having to take actions to protect not only our governments but our private sector from this kind of illegal intrusion,” she said.
Graham Cluley, senior technology consultant at British security firm Sophos, said news media had not considered themselves likely targets of attacks until now.
He said that if the recent reports are accurate, the goal is likely “to track who the journalists may be meeting and take actions against those people”.
This typically involves “a long-term undercover effort” where hackers seek to prowl computer systems unnoticed.
Cluley said that even if the source of attacks is confirmed, “it’s very hard to neutralize” because hackers can simply move. “Do you want to knock an entire country off the Internet?”
China’s defense ministry reiterated comments this week that it “never supported any hacking attacks”.
Ryan Sherstobitoff, a researcher with the security firm McAfee, said that “it’s hard to pinpoint the origin” of the attacks because computer traffic can be routed through various locations.
But he said the overwhelming majority of computer infiltrations come from employees mistakenly opening booby-trapped email attachments faked to appear as if it came from a colleague.
This technique, known as “spear phishing,” ends up installing malware that can remain on a network and allow hackers to view or control data.
“There is certainly a rise in the numbered of these targeted attacks,” Sherstobitoff said.
The Times said hackers stole corporate passwords and targeted the computers of 53 employees, in response to the newspaper’s investigation into the vast wealth amassed by a top Chinese leader’s family.
The newspaper said Bloomberg News was also targeted by Chinese hackers. And the Beijing correspondent of Canada’s Globe and Mail newspaper said he had been hacked in 2011 in an effort to find China-related files.
Jody Westby, a cybersecurity consultant and adjunct faculty member at the Georgia Institute of Technology, said the attacks “shine a glaring spotlight on the inadequacies of US diplomacy in addressing cyber threats.”
Andrew Mertha, a Cornell University specialist on China, said the cyber spying highlights Beijing’s awkward efforts to extend its global influence.
– The Australian, Feb. 4
This entry was posted on February 3, 2013 at 6:57 pm and is filed under China, cyber attack, hacking, Internet, News, Technology, World. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Both comments and pings are currently closed.
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Tag Archives: HBO specials
Robert Klein Still Can’t Stop His Leg
Posted on April 2, 2017 by carlosdev
Two giants of stand-up comedy reunited.
(2016) Documentary/Comedy (Weinstein) Robert Klein, Fred Willard, Mike Binder, Bill Maher, Jon Stewart, David Steinberg, Budd Friedman, Jerry Seinfeld, Richard Lewis, Larry Miller, Sheila Levine, Myrna Jacobson, Billy Crystal, Rick Overton, Lucie Arnaz, James Burrows, Allie Klein, Robert Mankoff, Jay Leno, Eric Bogosian, Michael Fuchs, Ray Romano, Bob Stein, Melanie Roy Friedman Directed by Marshall Fine
When I was in high school (and I realize this dates me tremendously) there were three names that dominated stand-up comedy; George Carlin, Richard Pryor and Robert Klein. The first two became legends, cultural icons. The third became more of an influence on other stand-ups than he did a household name, although anyone who has seen any of his numerous HBO stand-up specials will attest to the man’s genius in the field.
Film critic and historian Marshall Fine has put together this loving tribute to Klein who quite frankly deserves to be feted. The documentary is very loosely structured with a number of chapters looking at aspects of Klein’s career and comedy. This does have the effect of leaping around chronologically which is fine but it also feels at times like there is no flow to what’s going on, which may well be an appropriate measure. He talks about his history somewhat; growing up in the Bronx (as in most retrospectives Klein visits his childhood home on Decatur Avenue), his time honing his craft in both Second City and at the Improv in Los Angeles, spending time being mentored by Rodney Dangerfield, his marriage to opera singer Belinda Boozer and so on and so forth.
He also talks about why Jews seem to dominate the stand-up market, the use of profanity in his act and adjusting to the times. He imparts some of his experience to students at Binghamton University and endures squealing little girls who see the camera and exult in being in a movie – without having a clue of who Klein is (some of him recognize him from How to Lose a Guy in 10 Days).
Fine obviously feels a great affection for his subject and we don’t get a sense that Klein is anything but a nice guy. His divorce is given little coverage and although it appears that there was some acrimony between them, the causes and effects of the split on the couple are given little play. Boozer is conspicuously not interviewed for the film.
Of course, I’m a warts and all kind of guy and I want to get to know the man behind the laughs but that isn’t what this film is after and if you’re okay with that, you’ll be okay with this. There are a lot of wonderful clips here, including some of Klein’s signature songs like “The Colonoscopy Song” and “I Can’t Stop My Leg” from which the title of the documentary is taken. This is a pleasant diversion, a career retrospective for a performer who is as sharp at 75 as he was at 25 and continues to make us laugh today. There are fewer summations of a career that could possibly be better than that.
REASONS TO GO: The film makes a good case for Klein’s place in comedy history.
REASONS TO STAY: The film is a bit of a mishmash.
FAMILY VALUES: There is some mild profanity.
TRIVIAL PURSUIT: Klein was nominated for a Tony award for his role in the musical They’re Playing Our Song.
BEYOND THE THEATERS: Starz
CRITICAL MASS: As of 4/2/17: Rotten Tomatoes: No score yet. Metacritic: No score yet.
COMPARISON SHOPPING: Lenny Bruce: Swear to Tell the Truth
NEXT: From War to Wisdom
Posted in VOD Review | Tagged Bill Maher, Billy Crystal, Binghamton University, Brenda Boozer, Budd Friedman, cinema, Cinema365, comedy, David Steinberg, divorce, Documentary, Eric Bogosian, Films, Fred Willard, harmonica, HBO specials, James Burrows, Jay Leno, Jerry Seinfeld, Jewish comedy, Jon Stewart, Larry Miller, Lucie Arnaz, mentors, Mike Binder, movies, opera singer, Ray Romano, Richard Lewis, Rick Overton, Robert Klein, Robert Klein Still Can't Stop His Leg, Rodney Dangerfield, Second City, SNL, stand-up comics, Starz, the Bronx, The Improv, VOD Review, Weinstein, Yale School of Drama, Yankee Stadium | Leave a reply
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California’s High-Speed Rail Is the Very Definition of a Boondoggle
By guest author Adam B. Summers
The California high-speed rail project has often been derided as a boondoggle, and with good reason. After narrowly winning a statewide vote in 2008 with low-balled cost estimates and exceedingly optimistic—some would say deceitful and fraudulent—assumptions, and not releasing the business plan until after the election, the proposal was quickly changed when reality set in and for years has borne little resemblance to the system promised to voters.
The term “boondoggle” was first coined by Boy Scout leader Robert H. Link during the late 1920s to describe the Scouts’ craft of making braided and knotted neckerchief slides, lanyards and bracelets from colorful strips of leather and plastic. The word hit the public consciousness in 1935, after a New York City Board of Aldermen hearing revealed that wasteful government relief programs were teaching people useless skills like eurhythmic dance and “boon-doggling.” It was soon applied broadly to President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal programs and has been used ever since to describe useless work, and especially wasteful government programs.
It is an apt description for a high-speed rail project that has been plagued from the start by fanciful assumptions and the inability to identify a funding source for the vast majority of the project. Cost estimates quickly ballooned from $40 billion or $45 billion to $98.5 billion, then down to $68.4 billion after abandoning end-to-end dedicated high-speed tracks in favor of sharing rails with freight and local trains at both ends of the system, thereby making a trip between Los Angeles and San Francisco in the mandated 2 hours and 40 minutes virtually impossible. The San Diego and Sacramento segments were soon placed on the back burner, despite promising voters there that they would have high-speed train service. Current cost estimates are around $79 billion, and the completion date has been pushed back by about a decade.
Estimates of the project’s ridership, which is critical to its viability, particularly since operating subsidies are prohibited, have dropped from as high as 117 million passengers a year to 36 million. That would still be more than the entire Amtrak system, which covers more than 500 destinations in 46 states and serves fewer than 32 million passengers per year. Amtrak’s high-speed Acela Express service, which serves a larger, denser market than the planned California system—including Boston, New York City and Washington, D.C.—has an annual ridership of just 3.4 million.
Even Gov. Gavin Newsom realized the hopelessness of the project when he used his State of the State address in February to “level about high-speed rail.”
“[L]et’s be real,” he said. “The project, as currently planned, would cost too much and take too long.”
Newsom wants to scale the project back to the current segment under construction, expanding it a bit so that it would run from Merced to Bakersfield. After his announcement, President Donald Trump accused California of reneging on its deal with the federal government—which has provided about $2.5 billion in matching funds for the project and promised $929 million more—and demanded a return of the money.
“California has been forced to cancel the massive bullet train project after having spent and wasted many billions of dollars,” Trump wrote via Twitter. “They owe the Federal Government three and a half billion dollars. We want that money back now.”
“This is CA’s money,” Newsom tweeted in response. “We’re not giving it back.”
Taxpayers in the other 49 states might beg to differ.
The Trump administration recently made good on its threat to withhold the $929 million tranche, though it faces a steep uphill battle to recover the $2.5 billion that has already been spent. That calculus may change, however, if California misses its 2022 deadline to complete the segment, which is quite likely. It may all depend upon whether Trump wins another term in office.
The high-speed rail project has already been spared one contractual deadline, when the Obama administration, during its final year, extended the previous 2017 deadline. Another Democratic administration would likely be similarly accommodating.
The cost of Newsom’s scaled-down rail segment is currently estimated at $20.4 billion, up nearly $2 billion just since last year’s estimate, and the state will probably not even be able to pay for all of that. Yet, California is plowing full steam ahead, even down (quite literally) an unfinished track. In March, it sold another $600 million in bonds to fund the project.
How many boondoggles will the state have to sell to complete it?
Republished from Independent.org. Originally published in The Orange County Register.
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Playing Fast and Loose with the Economic Facts
Over the past few years, concerns about fake news have taken center stage in news outlets across the country. But as technology allows audiences to further segment and ideological echo chambers have become the norm, less attention has been devoted to the increasingly prolific genre of merely misleading news.
Complaints about ideological bias will always be with us, but there has been a noticeable increase in misleading stories predicting the coming doom of the American economy or the dismal state of the average American. Predictably, radical ideas are now being floated in response to this seemingly depressing state of affairs, but several of the most popular tropes are based on findings that are misleading at best—and outright false at worst.
Take the issue of extreme poverty. The 2015 book “$2.00 A Day: Living on Almost Nothing in America,” from Kathryn Edin and H. Luke Shaefer, garnered sensational headlines as readers learned that the number of American households living on $2 per day or less had reached one and a half million, including nearly three million children. Despite some criticism, the book was selected as a New York Times “Notable Book of the Year,” while the figure was touted by Democratic socialist Bernie Sanders on the campaign trail, and the finding cemented its status as a fact in much of the public discourse.
But new research linking survey data (the source of the original findings) to administrative tax and program data confirms that the original findings have been significantly overstated. Once the researchers accounted for in-kind transfers, replaced survey reported income with administrative records, and factored in ownership of substantial assets, they found that “more than 90% are not in extreme poverty.” Furthermore, the researchers noted that, “Of the households remaining in extreme poverty, 90% consist of a single individual.”
Another frequently repeated talking point is that a substantial number of Americans are unable to handle an unexpected $400 expense. Several presidential hopefuls have pointed to this widely reported “fact” as a reason to significantly increase government spending. In arguing for a new refundable tax credit, Democratic presidential candidate Kamala Harris dramatically declared that, “In America right now today, almost half of Americans are a $400 unexpected expense away from complete upheaval.”
Perplexed by the seemingly widespread acceptance of this pessimistic claim, American Enterprise Institute scholar Michael Strain devoted a Bloomberg opinion column to tracking down its source. Strain concludes that the claim is based on a misreading of a survey question from the Federal Reserve’s annual “Report on the Economic Well-Being of U.S. Households.” He explains:
The report finds, in 2018, that 61% of adults would cover a $400 unexpected expense using cash (or its equivalent). Politicians and many in the media seem to be subtracting 61 from 100, and concluding that 39% of people, to use Warren’s phrase, “can’t come up with” the money they’d need to handle this situation.
Instead, as the Fed report makes clear, though “the remaining 4 in 10 adults” “would have more difficulty covering such an expense,” many of them would be able to make it work by carrying a credit card balance or borrowing from friends and family.
The same report notes that only about 12 percent of adults “would be unable to pay the expense by any means.” That should be troubling enough in its own right, but such a figure is a far cry from the “nearly half of Americans” claim that is now commonplace.
Even broader economic trends have not escaped this kind of declinist misrepresentation. One of the most hotly debated topics among politicians and academics is whether the American dream is dead or fading right before our eyes.
The key metric in debates on this topic is the rate of intergenerational economic mobility—that is, how much a person earns compared with what his or her parents earned at the same age. In late 2016, a team of researchers led by Harvard’s Raj Chetty used tax data to examine the rate of economic mobility in America and found that only half of Americans born in the 1980s out-earned their parents, compared to about 90 percent for those born in the 1940s. Dubbed “the Chetty bomb,” the report’s findings led to numerous headlines declaring the death of the American dream, and raised the broader question of whether upward economic mobility had all but disappeared in America.
However, another study measuring contemporary levels of economic mobility reached a somewhat different conclusion. Scott Winship, now director of the Social Capital Project in the Joint Economic Committee, adjusted for changes in family size, used a different price index to adjust for the rise in the cost of living, and added income from federal cash transfers. These changes move the percentage of those born in the 1980s earning more than their parents up from 50 percent to 68 percent. Furthermore, Winship is quick to note that even this increase is likely understated, as estimates omit other sources of non-cash income like health insurance or housing assistance.
Overall, Winship concludes his study by noting that, “roughly three in four adults—and the overwhelming majority of poor children—live better off than their parents after taking the rising cost of living into account.” Strangely, this conclusion garnered far fewer headlines.
Certainly, it is disappointing that there remain American households, however few, that must survive on less than $2 per day, or that 12 percent of American adults would be unable to pay $400 unexpectedly, or that not every American is likely to earn more than his or her parents. There is an incredible amount of room for improvement, but any attempt to improve the status quo must have a proper grasp on reality. Without careful analysis, trends that are merely concerning quickly become apocalyptic, creating space for radical solutions that risk doing more harm than good.
Originally published in The Hill.
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From Pen & Teller's official website
Their Songs: The Ballad of Elton John and Bernie Taupin
Michael Gonzales
“If a Girl Isn’t Pretty”: When Beauty Is the Ideal and Humor the Fallback
Falling in Love and (Finally) Finding Queer Representation on a Telenovela
Yuly Restrepo Garcés
People | Fans
Magic’s Three Acts, Penn & Teller’s Three Tricks
Magic deserves to be regarded as a high art, right alongside poetry, right alongside theatre.
1. Casey at the Bat
The outlook wasn’t brilliant for the Mudville nine that day:
The score stood four to two, but with one inning more to play,
And then when Cooney died at first, and Barrows did the same,
A pall-like silence fell upon the patrons of the game . . .
Casey at the Bat has had three lives. It’s first, as a poem, a tragicomedy about a baseball game and starplayer Casey’s failed attempt to turn the tide in his favor, written by Ernest Lawrence Thayer. It was largely unknown at this point, but it caught the attention of actor and performer DeWolf Hopper, who made it a staple of his vaudeville routine, and ended up performing it over ten thousand times.
Vaudeville gets talked about in lofty, nostalgic terms, despite its relatively short period of success, roughly from around 1890 to 1929. Magic historian and magician Levent Cimkentli cites the stock market crash as putting the final nail in vaudeville’s coffin. Indeed, vaudeville was really the catalyst for the golden age of magic which saw performers like Harry Houdini and Horace Goldin come to America. Magic has never really been regarded as a high art like theatre or poetry or music, but its huge success in this era certainly helped legitimize it to that end. However, it was short-lived, and according to magician and magic historian Dean Carnegie, another artform takes its share of the blame. “Movies take over vaudeville and live theatres are converted over to movie houses. Magicians are put out of work. Some move to nightclubs, but over time even they fade. Magicians move to schools and to any kind of work they can find, most of which is family or kid-oriented. It’s around this time that magic loses its credibility and becomes something for children.”
Essentially, magic falls victim to industrialization. The new, exciting technology of cinema sweeps the world, and all of a sudden, escaping from a straitjacket doesn’t seem that impressive. Cinema is scale—big sets, big screens, expansive vistas, rousing soundtracks. It is the true American artform. When magic does return to public consciousness, it does so with this notion in mind. The resurgence in popularity comes in the 1970s, the decade that saw Doug Henning’s World of Magic TV special, watched by one out of every two households in the US when it was broadcast on Boxing Day in 1976, and when David Copperfield began his TV career, as magic became a regular fixture in Las Vegas, the epitome of American excess.
It’s here that Casey at the Bat gets its third life, and given its history with vaudeville, it’s fitting that magic is what exhumes it. A duo named Penn & Teller performed a trick on PBS set to the poem, in a show that would help launch their career nationwide. However, Penn & Teller’s brand of magic isn’t quite in keeping with the glittery, Gob Bluth-style illusions of their contemporaries. They’re doing something a little more classic.
The trick here isn’t the reading of the poem itself of course, but rather a feat of escapology, with Penn Jillette’s narration of the poem used as a kind of countdown. Watching it now, it’s actually remarkable how subservient the text of the poem actually is to the trick itself. As soon as Penn starts reading, his partner Teller, winched up at the other end of the stage in a straitjacket, begins his escape, writhing and contorting and totally commanding the attention of the audience. As he gets closer, Penn accelerates, garbling the last few stanzas like a southern auctioneer, timing the close of the poem—Casey’s bathetic strikeout—with Teller zip-wiring down to stage for a final bow.
It’s tempting to say that the trick could work with any backdrop, but of course that wouldn’t be the case. By using Casey at the Bat , Penn & Teller are opening up a conversation with that poem’s history: first, as words on a page, and then as a staple of American music hall and vaudeville. At a time when magic’s popularity is ascending, maybe for the first time in the twentieth century, they are showing why it should never have gone away. They are taking a seat at the table and asking everyone to pick a card, insisting with great flourish and panache that magic deserves to be there—right alongside poetry, right alongside theatre.
2. The Seven Principles of Magic
Penn & Teller are icons of magic, and have been in the game for going on four decades. Their trajectory from small-time to Vegas—the two of them own their own theatre and perform to twelve hundred fans a show, five nights a week, as well as embark on regular tours—actually mirrors the trajectory that many magicians took in the 1800s, when magic was going through its first bout of credibility. People like Ludwig Döbler, Johann Hofzinser, and Robert-Houdin were able to parlay their successes as street performers and carnival magicians into more theatrical settings, leading to a golden age of magic coinciding with the popularity of vaudeville by the turn of the twentieth century, when people like Harry Houdini and Horace Goldin became big stars.
Penn & Teller too began on the street, in Philadelphia. In fact, Teller claims that the best thing Penn’s ever done in his career is his twelve-minute street juggling act, which is by any estimation a phenomenal negging. Penn was so successful a street performer that when he went to try and file taxes with his busking money, an accountant told him he’d likely be arrested on suspicion of being a drug dealer, before adding “by the way, I think you’re a drug dealer.” The two of them were then offered a performance space by a fringe theatre troupe, which they promptly sold out, ousting the theatre troupe in the process.
Even now, a world away from that small setting, there is an intimacy to their performance that does feel like it belongs on a shady street corner, like something out of a Edward G. Robinson movie. There’s no greater example than this trick, The Seven Principles of Magic . It isn’t so much a trick as a dance, really. Penn, indulging his other great passion, that of jazz double bass, lays down a groove while Teller lights, smokes, stubs out, and then re-lights a cigarette. On first watch, it’s hard to exactly know what the “trick” is, but then we are invited to watch it with Teller standing on the other side, allowing the audience to witness the deft sleight-of-hand movements that make it so clever. By the time the routine is replayed at full speed, Penn gives you the play-by-play of every move Teller is making, so you can see just how technical and precise the routine is.
What’s also interesting about this trick is that Penn & Teller break what people think is one of the cardinal rules of magic. Namely, they show you how it’s done. Jordan Waller, amateur magician and deputy editor of Shortlist Magazine in the UK, explained that this code of honor “came up at a time where magicians were actively spying on each other, stealing tricks and sometimes entire acts,” but it strikes me that there’s a preciousness to this attitude that maybe adds to the preconception that magic is a bit nerdy or uncool, that being enthusiastic about it isn’t something you should really use as the first line of your Tinder bio.
The other argument would be that finding out how a trick is done spoils it somehow, but to me, that relies on the idea that the enjoyment of a trick only comes from the not-knowing, the mystery. It also plays into a kind of smugness that some magicians elicit, a relationship between audience and performer that is unequal. This too is divisive, and for some, inaccessible. I don’t care how great a technician you are, if you can’t articulate that to an audience, if you can’t build that relationship, then the act won’t work. With some magic tricks, okay, it probably pays not to know, because the answer will probably be ridiculous. How was Dynamo able to walk on water? How did David Copperfield make the Statue of Liberty disappear? These tricks are so spectacular that reducing them to their minutiae kind of misses the point. For the smaller, more tactile tricks, being a bit less cloak-and-dagger helps build that relationship between audience and performer, as if you were on a street corner getting hustled in a game of three-card monte.
3. Nail Gun
In an interview with Alec Baldwin, Penn Jillette talks about his different approach to magic, different from another famous magician, David Blaine. To paraphrase, Penn says David Blaine believes that a magician’s job is to distort reality, to leave an audience feeling bewildered and confused as to the wondrous and dazzling things they’ve just seen. For Penn, the opposite is true. He talks about the need for emotional honesty in his performance—how when you see a woman sawed in half, you know you’re not witnessing a murder, and so it follows that everything else you see in that show will be, to an extent, a lie.
If magic’s first golden age came with vaudeville, its second with the glitz and glamour of the ’80s, then surely, a third act is forthcoming. If that is the case, then it’s this ethos that will carry it forward. If the modern age is characterized by anything, it’s information. You can’t keep the dam from bursting when the water keeps on rising; eventually you’re just going to have to let it break and deal with the consequences.
This is what Penn & Teller do in this memorization trick , essentially something that was done in vaudeville over a century ago, except Penn & Teller’s twist is to do it by shooting a nail gun, injecting a bit of jeopardy into proceedings. It’s not only a nice link back to the tradition of the artform, it’s also a perfect excuse to talk about this emotional honesty that is so essential to their act. “Teller and I believe it’s morally wrong to do things on stage that are really dangerous. It makes the audience complicit in unnecessary risk.”
So if magic does away with that fourth wall altogether, what are we left with? For magician and writer Adam Woollard, “Seeing a great trick makes you want to reverse-engineer it and figure out how that person thought of it and, as a magician, you always hope, most of all, that the method is as beautiful as the trick itself.” For Jordan Waller , “Magic is a skill, but in its essence, that’s all it is. It needs other stuff. Invisible, nameless things that you can’t put your finger on but when they all come together it’s like alchemy.” For me, it’s like listening to a great melody, or watching a great movie—something that you know has been done before, but you never get tired of watching. You can tell me what card I’m holding a hundred times, I’ll never be any less amazed.
Harry Harris is a writer and musician from Wales, based in Edinburgh. His work has appeared in MEL Magazine, Eater, VICE, and Mundial. Tweets @Cmonharris, Laughs @ own jokes.
Things | Edible
Cast-Iron Pans and Paying It Forward
“Hold a cast-iron skillet and you’ll feel the weight of this history through the handle.”
“I cannot reverse time, but I can always go back.”
Mensah Demary
What Would Captain Janeway Do?: On Depression, My Lost Year, and Star Trek: Voyager
How rewatching ‘Star Trek: Voyager’ shed new light on a lost year of my life.
Jessica Furseth
Spice Girls and the Rise and Fall of Girl Power
Girl power was the freedom to make a scene, make no sense, join together and make something irresistible, spectacular, unproductive, joyful, and to radically claim one another.
Adrian Shirk
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Special Report: Meet the powerful Packers women who play big role in team's success
By: Natalie Shepherd Facebook | Twitter
Special Report: Meet the powerful Packers women who play big role in team’s success
GREEN BAY, Wis. (CBS 58) -- Walking through the tunnel onto Lambeau Field never gets old. Just ask Cathy Dworak. She’s been doing it for 20 seasons.
“It’s not the same every day and that’s what’s neat about it. It’s different every day,” she said of her job as the Director of Community Outreach and Player/Alumni Relations for the Green Bay Packers.
She recently returned to Green Bay from a five day trip across the state of Wisconsin called the Packers Tailgate Tour. Every year, current and former players crisscross the state, surprising fans. It’s just one of the many event she plans every year.
“We had a lot of people crying,” Dworak said. “People are just excited to see us come out into the community and just surprise people.”
Dworak has an interesting story about how she got her start with the Packers.
“I dropped off a resume with no position even posted and said I would like to work here and started 7 weeks later,” she said.
But it’s a job that almost didn’t happen. She said she considered turning it down, worried about the time away from her kids, but her mother convinced her to take it.
“We can all have an 8-5 job, but if you’re not happy going to it, what type of job is it,” she reasoned.
Pro-football, once thought to be a man’s world, has more and more women working in high profile roles. The NFL estimates 30% of front office employees are women.
CBS 58 recently sat down with four front office leaders at Lambeau Field to hear what it’s like working in the NFL.
“I get to work every day and do something new every day and have a ton of fun,” said Gabrielle Dow. “I have one of the greatest jobs in the world and I am truly blessed.”
Dow is the Vice President of Marketing and Fan Engagement for the Packers organization. In college, she dreamed of becoming an FBI agent, but instead, found her passion in sports marketing. It’s a career that’s taken her to cities and teams across the country. For the last six seasons, she’s been the one on the sidelines coordinating the team’s broadcast, digital and retail.
“I stumbled into it as an opportunity, and it worked out great,” Dow said.
But getting a foot in the door can still be difficult for women. Melanie Marohl is a Packers salary cap analyst, which she said is popular at parties.
“They want to know who we’re going to be drafting, who we’re signing in free agency,” she said with a laugh.
In her analysis, men do have an advantage in the league.
“Men are the ones playing high school football and men are the ones playing college football. It’s really hard for women to get into that network,” Marohl explained. “They need an in, somehow and need someone to give them a chance to get into that.”
She has advice for young women, looking to break into the field of professional sports—get an internship as early as possible.
“Because it is very competitive,” she said. “They’re looking for that job experience.”
Jennifer Ark, Director of Stadium Services, said she thinks there are more opportunities for women in the NFL every year.
“I don’t think there’s a glass ceiling,” Ark said. “I think there’s more opportunities and we can see that changing on the football side and actually on the field side.”
These days, there are just as many women who are Packers fans as men. The NFL says 50% of football fans are women. Dow thinks that kind of diversity, whether it’s in the stands or in the front office makes the NFL stronger.
“The NFL used to just shrink it and pink it, that was kind of their motto back then, so they have come a long way to help teams like us build our female fan base and help us with tools to connect with them better,” Dow said.
Ark oversees the fan experience from stadium tours to gameday. She thinks women have a bright future in the NFL.
“I think it’s always evolving and different roles, different jobs, different positions and I think there’s only one way to go and that’s to continue to go up,” Ark said.
They may not be throwing touchdowns on the field, but these powerful Packers women are a key to the team’s success.
Racine County Sheriff responds to ICE raid rumors
Two shot near 35th and Garfield, Milwaukee police investigating
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Communities, Culture and Heritage
Black Government Leaders Summit
From June 8 to 10, 2015, Black federal and provincial legislators took part in a series of successful meetings to mark the inaugural Black Government Leaders Summit.
The event, which took place at the recently opened Black Loyalist Heritage Centre in Birchtown, featured presentations by international and local experts.
Gloria Nwabuogu, human rights officer with the United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights in Geneva, explained the significance of and strategy behind the International Decade for People of African Descent.
Peter Flegel, director of programs and communications for the Michäelle Jean Foundation, described his organization's use of arts to engage youth in generating social change.
Wayn Hamilton, executive director, African Nova Scotian Affairs, gave insight into Nova Scotia's unique model to support healthy, thriving black communities.
During the summit, delegates brought forward concerns to establish the group's priorities for the future.
The leaders adopted United Nations Resolution 69/16, article 9, sections A and B, as the group's guiding principles. The sections urge working toward the full enjoyment of human rights, full participation in society for people of African descent, and toward better understanding of, and respect for, their culture and contributions to social development.
They also agreed to meet twice during the next year to tackle four initial areas of priority: youth engagement, economic opportunities, education and health.
The leaders thanked event sponsor TD Canada, for its recognition of the summit's significance to all Canadians.
Photo: Elected and appointed Black government leaders at the Black Loyalist Heritage Centre.
From left: Granville Anderson, MPP for Durham, Ontario; Senator Don Meredith, Ontario; Michael Coteau, Minister of Tourism, Culture and Sport, Ontario; Stephen Gough, MLA for Sackville-Beaver Bank; Elizabeth Cromwell, president of the Black Loyalist Heritage Society; Mitzie Hunter, Associate Minister of Finance, Ontario; Emmanuel Dubourg, MP for Bourassa, Quebec; Tony Ince, Minister of Communities, Culture and Heritage, Nova Scotia; and Tyrone Benskin, MPP for Jeanne-Le Ber, Quebec.
Black federal and provincial legislators took part in a series of successful meetings to mark the inaugural Black Government Leaders Summit.
Exploring our Past
Learning and Cultural Expression
Investing in our Future
Website developed and maintained by Nova Scotia Communities, Culture and Heritage Social Media
About Nova Scotia
Contact Province of Nova Scotia
Privacy Terms Cookies Crown copyright © Province of Nova Scotia. Updated: Jul 2019
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Home Hollywood Eminem Biography, Family , Career and Net Worth
Eminem Biography, Family , Career and Net Worth
Marshall Bruce Mathers III famously known as Eminem is an American rapper, songwriter, actor and record producer. Eminem was born to Marshall Mathers Jr. and Deborah Mathers on October 17, 1972 in St. Joseph, Missouri. Eminem never got to know his father as his father left his family when he was still an infant and didn’t keep any contact with them. As a result, Eminem had a very rough childhood since his mother was also not able to stick to one job. His mother had to find a new job every year or sometimes in months. During his childhood, he had to move from Missouri and Detroit, Michigan very frequently due to his mother’s unstable jobs.
Eminem during the early days
In an interview, Eminem said that he had to change schools two-three times a year. He was treated as an outcast in every new school and never had any close friends. He used to spend most of his time by himself. He also opened up about being bullied in every school and how he used to be beaten up and shoved into the lockers. He also accused his mother of being a drug addict and abusing him physically as well as mentally. His childhood left a big impact on his current personality. He also accused his mother publicly through his song lyrics but Deborah Mathers denied the accusation. In fact, she even filed a defamation lawsuit of 10 million dollars against her own soon in 1999.
The first rap song heard by Eminem was “Reckless” from the “Breaking’” soundtrack. The soundtrack was gifted to him by his mother’s half-brother Ronnie Palkinghorn who later on became his mentor when he decided to make a career in the music industry. Through rap songs, he found a way to express his anger as well as his passion for language. Eminem started rapping from the age of 14 with his friend Mike Ruby. They both began to call themselves “M&M” which later became “Eminem”. Unfortunately, in 1991 Ronnie committed suicide which was a huge shock to Eminem. He said that at the time he didn’t speak for several days and didn’t even attend the funeral.
A scene from 8-mile B-rabbit
Eminem studied in the Lincoln High School in Warren, Michigan. However, due to his rough life, he was not able to focus on his studies and failed in ninth grade three times. At the age of 17, he finally gave up studies and dropped out of the high school. Despite being poor at studies and having very low grades, Eminem was always had a strange interest in language. In an interview, he said that “I found that no matter how bad I was at school, like, and no matter how low my grades might have been at sometimes, I always was good at English … I just felt like I wanna be able to have all of these words at my disposal, in my vocabulary at all times whenever I need to pull ’em out. You know, somewhere, they’ll be stored, like, locked away.” Eminem used to sneak out of his home and take part in rap battles in the neighborhood. As he lived in a Detroit neighborhood which was the neighborhood of black people and his household was one of three white households in the neighborhood. During the rap battles, he would be only the one who was white and was frequently beaten up by the black youth.
Career and Net worth
Eminem started his journey from small rap battles from his neighborhood. As he improved his aping skills he gained more and more fame and was given offers by many rap group. Eminem then signed with the FBT production and made a deal to record an album for their Web Entertainment label. In 1995, he had a daughter Hailie Jade Scott with his girlfriend Kim Ann Scott. A year after her birth, Eminem released his first single rap album named “Infinite” with Web Entertainment label which was inspired by his daughter’s birth. The purpose of releasing the album was to earn some money to raise his daughter but the budget for the album was very slow leading the album failed to attract people and make a profit. As a result, Eminem had to work 60 hours a week to raise his daughter. Sadly, he was fired just five days before Hailie’s birthday and he just had forty dollars to buy his daughter a birthday gift. The stress leads him to attempt suicide but luckily his attempts were failed.
In 1997, Web Entertainment released another album with Eminem titled “Slim Shady EP” which expressed his sadistic and violet alter ego. In the same year, he was evicted from his house so he fled to Los Angeles to participate in the Rap Olympic which was an annual national rap battle competition. He came second in the competition so his album “Slim Shady EP” was sent to the CEO of Interscope Records Jimmy Lovine. The tape was then played to the record producer Dr. Dre who immediately loved it and gave orders to find Eminem and meet him. This was a great news to Eminem as Dr. Dre was his idol from childhood. Finally, in 1999, he released the album “The Slim Shady LP”.
Eminem with Dr. Dre in 2000
The album was a massive hit and was certified triple platinum by the end of 1999. However, after the hit of the album, he was accused by an underground rapper Cage about copying his subject matter and style as well. The album was very controversial over the lyrics of the songs in the album. After the album, Eminem and Dr. Dre became good friends and created a bond with each other. Later, the two collaborated and released several hit songs such as “Forgot About Dre”, “What’s the Difference”, “Bitch Please II”, “Say What You Say”, “Encore/Curtain Down”, “Old Time Sake” and “Crack a Bottle”.
In 2000, Eminem released the album titled “The Marshall Mathers LP” which sold more than 1 million copies in the first week of release. The album broke the US records of fastest selling hip-hop album and fastest selling a solo album. One of the songs from the album name “Stan” was called the third greatest rap song of all by the Q magazine. By 2011, the album had sold more than 32 million copies of the album worldwide and was certified Diamond by the RIAA. In 2002, “The Eminem Show” was released and was a success selling more than 1 million copies in the first week and hitting the top charts. The album was the best-selling album of the year and also was certified diamond by the RIAA.
In 2004, Eminem released his next album titled “Encore” which was another success as well as controversial. The song “We As Americans” was seen as a threat to the President and the song “Just Lose It” contained insults to Michael Jackson. Many of Jackson fans and friends stood against the music video of the song. He released many more hit albums such as “Recovery” (2010), “Relapse” (2009), “Curtain Call: The Hits” (2005), “Relapse: Refill” (2009) and many more. Almost all of his albums have been controversial for various subjects. His most recent album is titled “Revival” which was released on December 15, 2017. This album is already heading toward no.1 on the list of Billboard 100 chart and would be his 8th consecutive album to be on no.1 on the list.
In 2017, Eminem is worth 190 million dollars. He owns many mansions all around the world among which one is located in Michigan. The 15000 square feet mansion is was worth 4.75 million dollars in 2003. The mansion features an outdoor swimming pool, a tennis/basketball court and a large pond. He also owns cars such as Cadillac Escalade, Hummer H2 and a Ford Mustang.
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Laugh Sabbath
Date: Thursday June 6th 2019
A Toronto comedy staple since 2006. Bringer of laughs and creator of legends - Laugh Sabbath is a night of humorous observance every Thursday at 9:30.
LAUGH SABBATH is a comedic force in Toronto and is recognized for showcasing the most creative and talented comedic minds in all of North America! Acclaimed by critics as one of the top comedy shows in the city and beloved by fans as a cult classic. It's a different show every week featuring a rotating ensemble of radical and exciting comedians performing stand-up, characters, sketch and musical comedy. You won't find any better bang for your buck!
Laugh Sabbath comedians have appeared at festivals across Canada and the U.S. Many have had multiple TV tapings at Just For Laughs and their own headlining shows at JFL42. They have racked up countless awards and nominations for writing and performing and have been featured on CBC, CTV, The Comedy Network, MUCH, MTV Canada, VICE, YTV, FNTSY, IFC, Game TV and HBO Canada.
Several of Laugh Sabbath alumni have gone on to become rich and famous celebrities such as Nathan Fielder (Nathan For You), Katie Crown (Bob's Burgers, Storks, Kroll Show), Graham Wagner (The Office, Portlandia, Baskets, Silicon Valley), Rebecca Addelman (New Girl, Love), David Dineen-Porter (The Late Late Show with James Corden), Levi MacDougall (CONAN, Important Things with Demetri Martin), Chris Locke (Filth City, Baroness Von Sketch Show), Nick Flanagan (Sundowners), Brian Barlow (Super Deluxe), Adam Brodie & Dave Derewlany (Funny as Hell), Kathleen Phillips-Locke (Workin' Moms, Sunnyside, Mr. D).
Current producers: James Hartnett, Sara Hennessey, Tom Henry, Tim Gilbert, Ashley Gray, Andrew Johnston, Jackie Pirico, Rebecca Raftus & Marty Topps.
Some press:
"...the best of the city's young standup and sketch comedians." - THE NATIONAL POST
"... a gathering spot for other comics and crowds with a taste for the unusual. A scan of the audience shows a who's who of Toronto's comedy underground."- THE GLOBE & MAIL
"Comedy gold." - GLENN SUMI
"... everyone on this weekly variety show killed..." - NOW MAGAZINE
"Toronto's cream of the crop.... Don't Miss!" - TIME OUT NEW YORK
"Laugh Sabbath is an inspiration to the whole scene." - THE TORONTOIST
"A new era of comedy taking root in the city." - TORONTO STAR
"A constant repository of boundary-free laughs." - EYE WEEKLY
Follow us on Twitter, Instagram and Facebook @laughsabbath
www.laughsabbath.com
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Search results: "booklets"
2 items found in collection [showing 1 - 2]
"booklets"
directories (1)
employees' manuals (1)
radio programs (1)
Personnel management (1)
Training of (1)
Volunteer workers in social service (1)
Documents concerning the National Board of the YWCA of the U.S.A. Leadership Services Department. The Leadership Services Department, responsible for program support, leadership development and national training programs, is dissolved in 1960 and its duties are split between the Community Division and two proposed bureaus. A memorandum announces this decision and plan of transfer of responsibilities. Program guides, discussion guides and articles provide suggested program content, methods for conducting group discussion, exploration of the role of the administrator or group leader and materials for use in programs. Additional documents include Leadership Services Department emphases, a guide for using staff development materials and "Look Beneath the Surface of the Community," a guide for collecting community information.
pamphlets, reports, outlines (documents), notes, correspondence, articles, booklets, employees' manuals
Documents concerning the National Board of the YWCA of the U.S.A.'s National Employed Personnel Committee, national YWCA day and week celebrations, program and their Pay and Play revue. The National Board, the national body of the YWCA of the U.S.A., implements program and facilitates local association activity through administration, divisions and committees, public relations and national decision making. The National Employed Personnel Committee of the National Board creates personnel policies and procedures, conducts job analysis, and track vacancies and positions filled. Meeting notes, directories, correspondence and policy books give an overview of the work of the committee and the personnel policies adopted by the YWCA of the U.S.A. To promote membership in the YWCA of the U.S.A., the National Board organizes a national YWCA Week event, National YWCA Day for 1947. Press kits and promotional materials sent to local associations contain press release templates, sample activities, promotional materials, radio program scripts, sample speeches and guidelines for using the materials and promoting the YWCA of the U.S.A. In addition to policy and publicity the National Board develops a program and purpose for the national organization. The program reports contain the focus for the coming year and describe the current circumstances that inform the direction of the National Board. The program addresses finance, current affairs, relationships with other organizations, relationships in the YWCA of the U.S.A. and the functions and objectives of the National Board. To meet the finance needs in 1946 National Board members put on a "Pay and Play" revue and documents include a script of the revue program.
correspondence, programs (documents), directories, proceedings, reports, booklets, lists (document genre), radio programs
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papers (documents) (1)
Faculty and Staff Biographical Files (3)
Abbie Park Ferguson Papers (2)
mixed material (4)
War relief (2)
War work (2)
World War, 1939-1945 (2)
Young Women’s Christian associations (2)
Black power (1)
Civil rights movements (1)
Mount Holyoke College Archives and Special Collections (5)
Fall issue of "Mount Holyoke Now," with article about visiting artist Joan Snyder and the Winter Term printmaking workshops
Faculty and staff biographical files
articles, newsletters
Documents concerning the national public affairs programs of the YWCA of the U.S.A. Public affairs programs, recommended by the National Public Affairs Committee of the YWCA of the U.S.A., outline social, political and economic issues that the YWCA of the U.S.A. commits to addressing at a national and local level. The program emphases released in summary reports include reasons why they are selected, how the issue should be addressed and goals of the programs. In 1964 a voter registration program is implemented as part of the public affairs program. Handbooks and guides include tools and resources for implementing a voter registration program and encouraging all women to register and vote. In order to encourage engagement in the public affairs programs, the Public Affairs Committee sponsors seminars in Washington DC to explore important topics and share practical guidelines for action. These seminars are documented in programs, reports and newsletters. Additional public affairs documents include lists of official National Board of the YWCA of the U.S.A. public affairs actions, official resolutions, an abortion laws study guide, clippings and reports.
reports, newsletters, articles, press releases, handbooks, lists (document genre), clippings (information artifacts), correspondence, memorandums
The National Public Affairs Committee of the YWCA of the U.S.A. is responsible for maintaining awareness of the social, political and economic issues affecting women in the United States, recommending a program of action and providing resources to the National Board of the YWCA of the U.S.A. and its local associations in support of its program. The committee's charter establishes these purposes and functions and official statements and recommendations from the committee highlight program aspects. In December of 1961 the YWCA of the U.S.A. celebrated fifty years of public affairs programs in a joint celebration with the National Council of Jewish Women. The celebration, with special guest Eleanor Roosevelt, is documented through articles and reports. In addition to the national ceremony, the YWCA of the U.S.A. local associations are encouraged to have their own celebrations over the coming year. A set of guidelines and recommendations for local associations outlines suggested content and events. Also include are the texts of speeches given at the joint celebration in December, 1961. The newsletter of the public affairs committee highlights important program aspects, explores a relevant topic of the public affairs program and offers resources for local associations. Some newsletters also include supporting documents such as handbooks and articles. One newsletter from 1963 includes a copy of Martin Luther King Jr.'s "Letter from Birmingham City Jail."
correspondence, reports, charters, articles, speeches (documents), clippings (information artifacts), newsletters
World YWCA
Documents concerning the World YWCA Special Services Secretary, World Membership Day and the work and policies of the World YWCA. Correspondence between Ruud van Hoogevest, special services secretary, and the International Division of the YWCA of the U.S.A. concern fundraising efforts and financial support of international projects as well as administrative matters concerning their cooperative projects. World Membership Day of the World YWCA is a day for members and member associations to "meditate, study and act on a common theme to strengthen their sense of belonging to a world movement." Themes during the sixties include racism and race relations, science and society, cities, and the concerns of women and girls. Pamphlets, booklets and communications explain the theme and suggests programming and local implementation. Additional documents concerning the work of the World YWCA include a policy handbook, an article on mutual services projects, newsletters and reports.
correspondence, newsletters, memorandums, booklets, articles, notes
Documents concerning issues of race, civil rights and racism internal and external to the YWCA of the U.S.A. including black power, Apartheid in South Africa, a consultation on black leadership in the YWCA of the U.S.A., and integration and desegregation. In the 1960's the YWCA of the U.S.A. increases its push towards an integrated movement and public affairs platforms concerning civil rights through programming, education and activism. Though civil rights and racism have long been a part of their program, the sixties brings a renewed effort in part due to the social and political climate of the United States and from within the organization. One issue of global importance is the Apartheid in South Africa, an issue of particular concern to the National Student YWCA. Resolutions, letters of concern to organizations and leaders, clippings and correspondence from the National Student YWCA explain their concerns and goals, and seek to educate others about the issue. Domestically, the YWCA of the U.S.A. grapples with the Black Power movement and its role. The topic is explored here through papers, lectures, addresses and articles. Within the national movement and local associations the YWCA of the U.S.A. is focused on a fully integrated movement. This means representation in leadership, desegregated associations and understanding across all members. Minutes, reports and notes from the YWCA of the U.S.A. Consultation of Black Leadership document this gathering of leaders to explore the role and status of African American leadership in the organization, the need for further development and their role in the full integration of the national and local associations. In order to achieve local desegregation of associations, the YWCA of the U.S.A. issues a self audit guide, guiding principles and resolutions. Also included is the text of a speech by Dorothy Height titled, "Responsibility of YWCA for Desegregation, Integration and Civil Rights." To address interpersonal relationships during this time, dialogue groups are introduced to programs across the nation. These small group sessions encourage frank discussion in a safe space with the hope that intimate and real conversations will help ease racial divides and racism. The program is further explained in a handbook for leaders. Following these documents is a series of correspondence and reports concerning a situation with the Eastman Kodak Company in Rochester, New York and the company's ultimate agreement and plan to stimulate small business and economic growth in the town.
memorandums, correspondence, clippings (information artifacts), newsletters, reports, bulletins, papers (documents), articles, speeches (documents), questionnaires, notes, handbooks, press releases
Mount Holyoke Now, with front-page article about printmaking workshop featuring visiting artist, Elaine de Kooning
articles, newsletters, photographs
Page from Mount Holyoke College Art Museum's spring newsletter, with article about fall 2007 printmaking workshop featuring visiting artist Jessica Stockholder
Mission News Letter, edited by Abbie P. Ferguson, Principal of the Huguenot Seminary, with attached drafts of articles about the history and work of the Worcester Seminary and other seminaries in South Africa
Abbie Park Ferguson papers
Huguenot News Letter, Vol. 3, No. 4, featuring Founders' Day at Huguenot College in Wellington, South Africa, and including articles by the two founders, Abbie P. Ferguson '56 and Anna E. Bliss '62
World Emergency
Documents concerning YWCA of the U.S.A. World Emergency Fund. Beginning in 1937 with an emergency donation to China, the YWCA of the U.S.A.'s World Emergency Committee is established to handle the requests for wartime assistance around the world. The World Emergency Relief Funds provide financial donations, support refugee programs, finance personnel assistance and facilitate the sending of needed supplies. Correspondence, reports and newsletters describe the needs of countries affected by the war, give updates on the war relief efforts supported by the fund and describe activities to support women serving in the military. In addition, documents concern the effect the war has on women around the world and discuss women's roles in the war and relief efforts.
reports, correspondence, articles, newsletters, pamphlets
War Work, World War II
Documents concerning the YWCA of the U.S.A.'s war relief efforts including women war workers, YWCA constituency groupings, reports and additional war work materials. As World War II brings an increase in demand for workers and a changing employment landscape for women, the YWCA of the U.S.A. continues its commitment to advocating for women workers' opportunities, working conditions, training and treatment expanding their program to meet the increased demand and challenges. To help coordinate these efforts the YWCA of the U.S.A. Committee on Women Workers is formed. Committee minutes, reports and notes outline the purpose and activities of the committee as well as document discussions of the needs of women workers and the effect the war has on them. Wartime employment affects industrial workers especially and reports, clippings and correspondence address the industrial workers program in the YWCA of the U.S.A. Other documents concerning women war workers include Women's Army Auxiliary Corps correspondence and applications, a Library of Congress bibliography on women's involvement in World War II, reports on domestic and international war efforts and reports on women war work programs and activities across the YWCA of the U.S.A. In addition to developing programs for the woman worker, the YWCA of the U.S.A. studies the needs of its constituent groups. Originating in a meeting of Business and Professional, Industrial, War Community Service, USO, Health Education and Younger Girl department representatives a document is drafted for use by traveling staff in serving and training communities. Reports on YWCA of the U.S.A. war work activities summarize their involvement in the war effort and their history of service during wartime. Other document include guiding principles of the YWCA during the national emergency and letters concerning starvation in Europe following World War II.
reports, notes, memorandums, correspondence, minutes (administrative records), clippings (information artifacts), newsletters, pamphlets, articles, bibliographies, proceedings
Following the 1930 national YWCA of the U.S.A. convention, the basis commission is formed to study the alternate personal membership basis in associations other than student. The commission of representatives from across the organization collects data and input from local associations, studies and reports of membership basis practices and shares their results ultimately making presentations to the national convention and recommending that associations be given two years to implement the personal basis should the amendment pass. Documents include letters and comments from YWCA of the U.S.A. members concerning the proposed changes, background information, commission minutes and proceedings, proposed and final purpose statements and articles and bulletins concerning the membership basis.
correspondence, bulletins, pamphlets, reports, newsletters, proceedings, notes, clippings (information artifacts), agendas (administrative records), minutes (administrative records), articles
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Spielberg's 'War Horse' Man Signs With CAA
EXCLUSIVE: Here is what happens when Steven Spielberg plucks you out of obscurity to play the lead in his next film. Jeremy Irvine, who makes his feature film debut as the lead in the Spielberg-directed War Horse, has signed with Spielberg’s agency, CAA. Irvine began his career at The National Youth Theatre and attended the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art. His stage credits include the Royal Shakespeare Company’s 2010 production of Dunsinane. CAA will rep him along with UK-based Hatton, McEwan. Irvine plays a young man whose horse is conscripted for WWI battlefield duty. He sets out to reunite with his cherished animal. The film, based on Michael Morpugo’s novel and Nick Stafford’s stage adaptation, is Spielberg’s first for DreamWorks since it relaunched with Reliance and a Disney distribution deal.
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Tag: top ten
Things to Do, Travel Resources
November 14, 2013 November 15, 2013 by Deborah GuberLeave a Comment on Things to Do
Certain mental pictures rise before the collector of memories at the simple mention, written or spoken, of the places he has loved.
— Henry James, Italian Hours
Top 10 lists are necessarily selective. They are also intensely personal. Mine reflect my own interests and biases, but with that caveat in mind I gladly offer them here—one at a time over the next few months—in the hope that it will inspire others to visit Europe and create memories of their own.
Rome (new)
November 13, 2013 October 6, 2017 by Deborah Guber2 Comments on Top 10 Things to Do in Rome, Italy
In writing to a friend while on “The Grand Tour” of Europe in 1870, a young graduate of Harvard University named Roger Swaim, lamented his arrival in Rome. He had been to France already and would later continue on to Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and the Holy Lands, but not before making a thorough visit of all the conventional sites—the Colosseum and the Roman Forum, St. Peter’s Basilica and the Vatican—and he was not looking forward to it. “Oh dear! Here is this awful task of Rome on my hands, a mass of brick to investigate [and] excavations to penetrate.” Exhausted and overwhelmed, he felt that he should only “appreciate Rome after getting away,” for it would take time to forget its “filth and discomforts.”
For travelers today, it’s still possible to experience the grittiness of Swain’s Rome, but it’s just as easy to conjure the magnificence of a city built by emperors like Titus and Hadrian, or to bask in the Baroque splendor of art created by the hands of Caravaggio and Bernini. Rome is ever evolving and pulsing with the energy of history and human emotion. It is, after all, the Eternal City, and there is always more than enough to see. Here, though, is a short list that begins to scratch the surface. By the end of your stay, you will want to return time and again to excavate its many layers.
An interactive map of the sites recommended in this article:
Climb the Capitoline Hill and gaze out across the ruins of ancient Rome
The city of Rome was built upon seven ancient hills—the Aventine, Caelian, Capitoline, Esquiline, Palatine, Quirinal, and Viminal. Begin your visit at the Capitoline Hill at a treacherous intersection of streets near Piazza Venezia. To the right of the massive Vittorio Emanuele II monument, variously derided as a “wedding cake” or a “giant typewriter,” climb the cordonata, a set of long sloping steps that lead the Piazza del Campidoglio, where an impressive equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius dominates the space. What you see is a copy of the bronze original, which can be viewed in the adjacent Capitoline Museum, a meandering collection of galleries housed in the Renaissance palaces that surround the square. It’s well worth an entire afternoon’s visit, but for now, continue forward, either to the left or the right of the Palazzo del Senatore, until you reach a terrace overlooking the Roman Forum.
You are standing at the center of Rome and the ruins you see are the remnants of some of the city’s most important civic buildings. Look for the Temple of Saturn, the Temple of Vesta, and the church of San Luca e Martina and try to imagine their grandeur. Look to the distance then and you can see the Arch of Titus and the Colosseum. When the British novelist Charles Dickens visited Rome in the mid-19th century, he stood before the Colosseum and said that to “see it crumbling there, an inch a year; its walls and arches overgrown with green; its corridors open to the day… is to the see the ghost of old Rome, wicked, wonderful old city, haunting the very ground on which its people trod.”
LOCATION: To reach the terrace, head to Piazza del Campidoglio, and for entrance to the Colosseum and the Roman Forum continue on and look for Piazzale del Colosseo, along Via dei Fori Imperiali.
HOURS: The Capitoline Museum is open Tuesday through Sunday from 9:00 AM until 8:00 PM; the Colosseum and Roman Forum are open in the summer from 8:30 AM-7:15 PM. Click here for hours at other times of year.
COST: Admission is €13 for the Capitoline Museum; a combination ticket to the Colosseum, Palatine Hill, and Roman Forum costs €12 and can be purchased online to avoid a lengthy queue. Purchasing a RomaPass instead for €34 might be a worthwhile investment, depending on the number of days you have in Rome and the number of museums you plan to see.
TIP: While virtually no one appreciates the aesthetics of the Vittorio Emanuele II monument at Piazza Venezia, there is an elevator at the back of the building that will whisk you to the top for a panoramic view of the city for just €7.
WEBSITES: The Capitoline Museum; the Colosseum and Roman Forum
Stand beneath the dome of the Pantheon to marvel at a feat of ancient engineering
Built during the reign of Hadrian around 126 AD, the Pantheon is thought to be the best preserved building from ancient Rome. With its elegant pediment and massive Corinthian columns, it may not look like a house of worship, but it is indeed a temple whose name is derived from a Greek word meaning All Gods. It is best known, however, for its coffered dome, which was considered such a feat of engineering, even centuries later, that Filippo Brunelleschi traveled here in an effort to uncover its secrets before starting work on his own massive dome in Florence on the basilica of Santa Maria del Fiore. The circular opening in the center of the dome—an oculus—allows daylight to illuminate the interior.
Afterwards, be sure to sit and linger by the obelisk in Piazza della Rotunda, or break for an espresso in one of the local cafés. It is a lively square and you are certain to be entertained by something interesting, whether it is a talented street musician, or a curious pair of levitating men in orange robes and turbans.
LOCATION: Piazza della Rotunda
HOURS: Always open
WEBSITE: The Pantheon
Travel along the ancient Appian Way and descend into the catacombs of San Callisto
The Appian Way was one of the most important roads in ancient Rome. Once upon a time, its cobblestone pavement began at the Circus Maximus and continued on past the Baths of Caracalla, all the way to the port city of Brindisi. Beneath the surface, there are scores of underground tunnels where the early Christians buried their dead, and today, many of these “catacombs” are open for guided tours.
For a pleasant break from the urban intensity of Rome, travel out along the Appian Way to enjoy the open green space and a multitude of worthwhile sites, including the remains of a sophisticated system of aqueducts. Then, on the way back, stop at the Catacombs of San Callisto to explore a massive burial site that once held the bones of half a million Christians, as well as nine popes and numerous martyrs.
GETTING THERE: The catacombs are reachable by public transportation (see this link for details), but the route is time-consuming. Instead, I’d recommend taking the Archeobus, a hop-on, hop-off sightseeing bus that begins its route in central Rome and then travels out along Via Appia Antica with a direct stop at the catacombs of San Callisto. Tickets cost €12 for adults and are valid for 48 hours. A family discount is available.
An organized bike tour is another fun option.
HOURS: The catacombs of San Callisto are open daily (except on Christmas, New Year’s Day and Easter Sunday) from 9:00 AM-12:00 PM and again from 2:00 PM-5:00 PM.
COST: Admission to the catacombs is €8.
TIP: The catacombs of San Callisto extend deep into the ground. It gets chilly down there, so taking a jacket is advisable, even in the summer.
WEBSITES: Appia Antica Park; Catacombs of San Callisto; the Park of the Appia Antica; Archeobus
Spy the dome of St. Peter’s Basilica through a not-so-secret keyhole on the Aventine Hill
If you are in the mood for an interesting quest on a lazy afternoon, check your map and make your way to Piazza Cavalieri di Malta, where guidebooks promise a “secret keyhole” in a door that reveals a perfectly framed view of St. Peter’s Basilica through a tunnel of pruned hedge.
Look for the worn green door that guards the entrance to the garden of Priory of the Knights of Malta. It’s surprisingly easy to spot, because there is often a small crowd of people queuing for the chance to press their eyes and camera lenses against the keyhole. It may be a well-discovered “secret,” but it’s still as delightful as peering into a doll’s house through an old-fashioned shadow box.
LOCATION: Piazza Cavalieri di Malta.
TIP: Taking a photograph through the keyhole is a tough shot because you have to get both the door and the dome in focus simultaneously. Be prepared to try and try again until you get it right, or do as I did and take a picture of each, then join them together using Photoshop.
WEBSITE: ItalyGuides.it
Stray off the beaten path and explore the narrow lanes of the Jewish Ghetto
Rome may be an intense and noisy city, but stray slightly off the beaten path into an historic neighborhood known as the Jewish Ghetto—tucked between the Vittorio Emanuele II monument and the Tiber River near Isola Tiberina—and you will find a maze of narrow alleyways that spill out into small piazzas, each more charming than the last.
If you are in the mood for culture and history, visit the Jewish Museum of Rome at the Great Synagogue, but if not, devote an afternoon to wandering aimlessly about the streets. Eventually, you will stumble upon the Bernini turtles that perch on the basin of the Fontana delle Tartarughe in Piazza Mattei, and the crumbling, remains of the Portico d’Ottavia, as well as host of enticing restaurants, shops, and boutiques.
If you stay for dinner, order a plate of carciofi alla giudia—Jewish-style artichokes, deep-fried to a luscious, golden brown.
LOCATION: The Jewish Museum and synagogue are located on Lungotevere Dè Cenci.
HOURS: The Jewish Museum and synagogue are open Sunday through Thursday, 10:00 AM-5:00 PM (summer hours are extended to 7:00 PM), and Friday from 9:00 AM-2:00 PM; closed on Saturdays and Jewish holidays.
COST: Admission to the Jewish museum and synagogue costs €11 for adults, €8 for those over age 65, and €4 for students.
TIP: While in the vicinity, considering making a short detour to Largo di Torre Argentina, where there is a sanctuary for abandoned cats. You’ll see dozens of them lounging about on the ancient ruins, and donations to help with their care are gratefully accepted.
WEBSITES: Museo Ebraico di Roma; Jewish Ghetto Walk (Rick Steves); Echoes from the Roman Ghetto (The New York Times); Foodie’s Guide to Rome’s Jewish Quarter (Fodor’s)
It’s mangia time!
Eating in Rome is an elevated art form, best enjoyed slowly with family and friends over a bottle or two of wine. But even if you’re travelling solo, take the time to dine out and dine well. Where else can you sip a cappuccino while reading a book in one of the oldest cafés in Italy—the venerable Antica Caffè Greco, on Via dei Condotti? And where else can you indulge as happily and as cheaply as you can here with a slice of pizza al taglio or a dish of gelato?
You should also embrace all the city has to offer by savoring some traditional dishes. Italian cuisine, after all, is a patchwork of regional specialties and local ingredients. While in Tuscany you can expect to find wild boar and Chianina beef, when in Rome look for veal saltimbocca or a spicy bucatini all’Amatriciana. And if you happen to be there in the early summer, don’t ever pass up the chance to order a plate of fiori di zucca—zucchini blossoms stuffed with ricotta cheese, battered and deep-fried.
One final tip, based on personal experience… If ever you long for the simplicity of cacio e pepe, the Italian answer to macaroni and cheese, be very careful how you say it. The letter “C” can be tricky for foreigners. Quite by accident, I once ordered a very private part of the male anatomy instead. It was an innocent slip of the tongue that sent my waiter into peels of laughter!
TIPS: It may go without saying, but avoid restaurants that post generic photographs of generic food, or those that offer a special menu turistico in English. To gain confidence with Italian vocabulary, consider buying a copy of Eating & Drinking in Italy, by Andy Herbach. He offers basic advice on restaurant etiquette, as well as an indispensable menu translator. In addition to paperback copies, it’s also available for Kindle and iBook readers.
WARNING: Because of a recent city ordinance, eating and drinking is now banned in areas of “particular historic, artistic, architectonic and cultural value” in Rome, which very nearly everywhere. Local police can now impose fines on tourists who violate the rules by snacking on a sandwich near the Colosseum or the Spanish Steps.
WEBSITES: Not sure what to tip? Don’t know the difference between a primi piatti and a secondi piatti? Try this handy primer from Fodor’s. For all you need to know about gelato, see: Your Ultimate Guide to Gelato in Rome. And for tips on how to navigate the confusing world of Italian coffee, check out: How to Drink Coffee… Like an Italian.
Sculptures, frescoes, mosaics and more!
As if having the ruins of ancient Rome beneath your feet were not enough, the city’s museums offer a fascinating mix of the elegant, the sublime, and the macabre.
Visit the Borghese Gallery to admire Bernini’s exquisite sculpture of “Apollo and Daphne.” Trek to the Palazzo Massimo alle Terme to see stunning frescoes and mosaics, including a lush painted garden from the Villa of Livia at the National Museum of Rome. Commune with the spirits of two of England’s greatest romantic poets at the Keats-Shelley House near the Spanish Steps. Or, plunge underground to see the skeletons of thousands of Capuchin monks woven into elaborate and ghoulish designs, including a grim reaper holding scales and a scythe made of human vertebrae. The opportunities are endless, bound only by the days in your itinerary and the strength left in your legs.
Here are my personal favorites, in descending order. For hours, locations, and the cost of admission, please refer to each museum’s website, linked below.
Borghese Gallery (Advance reservations are essential. To book, click here.)
Capitoline Museums
National Museum of Rome (Palazzo Massimo alle Terme)
Capuchin Crypt Museum
Castel Sant’Angelo
Keats-Shelley House
And more… Check the schedules at the Chiostro del Bramante and the Scuderie del Quirinale, both of which offer an array of special exhibitions, which in recent years have included artists such as Bruegel, Caravaggio, and Titian.
TIP: If you plan to visit several museums in Rome, consider purchasing a Roma Pass, which costs €34 and provides free admission to the first two museums and reduced admission to each additional museum visited within a three-day period. It also provides unlimited use of the city’s public transportation network.
Gaze upon the face of God in Michelangelo’s ceiling in the Sistine Chapel
Getting to the Sistine Chapel is enough to test the patience of a saint.
First, there are the notoriously long lines get in, made worse by the heat of the summer sun. Then, there is the crushing weight of people inside—more than 6 million souls visit each year. In their only gesture toward crowd control, the Vatican Museums are arranged into a one-way street, with large black arrows printed on the gallery map. There are minor deviations here and there that allow visitors to move more quickly to the chapel itself by bypassing some inestimable treasures along the way, but mostly it’s like being on a theme park ride from which there is no escape once the rollercoaster has left the platform.
Buckle in and stay for the day.
Take your time and walk in awe through the 16th century Gallery of Maps that render the cities and towns of Italy in exquisite detail. You will see the Raphael Rooms, including his masterpiece, The School of Athens, paintings by Caravaggio and Leonardo da Vinci, and even an entire room devoted to sculptures of animals.
By the time you reach the Sistine Chapel, you will be acclimated to the unnatural closeness of the strangers and ready to gaze solely upon Michelangelo’s narrative: Noah and the flood, the temptation of Adam and Eve and their expulsion from the Garden of Eden, and (of course) God’s creation of Adam in the touch of two outstretched hands. Outside this place, in the pages of books, on coffee mugs, refrigerator magnets and computer mouse pads, the image is so familiar that it’s lost the power to impress. Here, though, you will feel the room pulse with energy and human emotion, and with history, too, for it is here the College of Cardinals meets to elect a new pope.
If time allows, follow the signs and continue on into St. Peter’s Basilica, and if strength remains after a thorough exploration, consider climbing to the top of the dome. Even with an elevator that rises part way, it’s a challenging climb to be sure. As the dome slants in, so too does the head room available on the stairs. It’s a tight and awkward squeeze, but the view is unparalleled. Look down upon St. Peter’s Square and then trace Via della Conciliazione all the way to Castel Sant’Angelo, across the bridge with its sentry of angels, all the way east to the Vittorio Emanuele II monument at Piazza Venezia, which towers over the city like an oversized wedding cake.
Rome is glorious and so, too, is Vatican City.
LOCATION: St. Peter’s Basilica is located in Piazza San Pietro. To reach the Vatican Museums, turn right and walk out along the walls to Viale Vaticano. For more detailed directions, click here.
HOURS: The Vatican Museums are open Monday to Saturday, 10:00 AM-6:00 PM. On Sundays, the museum closes at 2:00 PM, except for the last Sunday of every month, when there is also free entrance from 9:00 AM to 12.30 PM. Obviously, expect the lines to be even longer on that day.
COST: Entrance to St. Peter’s Basilica is free; admission to the Vatican Museums costs €16 for adults.
IMPORTANT: Modest dress is required. According to the Vatican website: “Access to Vatican Museums, Sistine Chapel, Vatican Gardens and Saint Peter’s Basilica is permitted only to visitors dressed appropriately (no sleeveless blouses, no miniskirts, no shorts, no hats allowed).”
TIPS: You can now reserve tickets for the Vatican Museums online. Do it! Or, be prepared to face the consequences—a line of epic proportions that, at times, stretches halfway around the walls of Vatican City. If money is no object, you should know that VIP tours that allow private access off-hours are available.
MORE TIPS: To extend your visit to Vatican City, consider booking a Scavi tour which takes visitors deep into the necropolis to the tomb of St. Peter (€16). Or, above ground, you can request a ticket to a Papal Audience held most Wednesdays (free).
STILL MORE: There are more than 900 churches in Rome. If you have the time and the inclination, continue on with these:
Arcibasilica Papale di San Giovanni in Laterano
Arcibasilica Papale di Santa Maria Maggiore
Basilica di San Clemente
Basilica di San Pietro in Vincoli
Basilica di Santa Maria sopra Minerva
Basilica di Santa Maria degli Angeli
San Luigi dei Francesi
Santa Maria della Vittoria
Santa Maria in Trastevere
Viva l’amore and toss a coin into the Trevi Fountain
If you are forced to wade through a horde of tourists to get anywhere near the Trevi Fountain in Rome—and you will be—you might want to blame Hollywood for making such enchanting movies as La Dolce Vita, Roman Holiday, and Three Coins in the Fountain.
The fountain is impressive in its own right. Completed in 1762 at the terminus of an ancient Roman aqueduct, the pool of water is ornamented by a massive wall of travertine and Carrara marble statues representing an aquatic theme. To be honest, though, most people who congregate here have little interest in art and architecture. Most have come with loose change in their pockets and a very specific task in mind.
According to Fodor’s: “Everyone knows the famous legend that if you throw a coin into the Trevi Fountain you will ensure a return trip to the Eternal City. But not everyone knows how to do it the right way: You must toss a coin with your right hand over your left shoulder, with your back to the fountain. One coin means you’ll return to Rome; two, you’ll return and fall in love; three, you’ll return, find love, and marry.”
I’m a single lady, so the last time I was in Rome I threw an entire handful of coins of every size and denomination, just for good measure!
LOCATION: Follow the crowds to Piazza di Trevi, off Via Del Tritone, near Piazza Barberini.
COST: Free, aside from the coins you throw, which are collected regularly and used by the city to fund local charities.
TIPS: If you feel inspired to reenact another scene from a famous Hollywood movie, you should visit the church of Santa Maria in Cosmedin, near the Circus Maximus, to snap a quick picture of “La Bocca della Verità,” or Mouth of Truth. It’s a carved stone face that was featured in the 1953 movie Roman Holiday. Legend has it that it bites off the hands of liars, so please be careful! ;-)
Still can’t get enough? Try this walking tour of the locations used in Roman Holiday. Or, even better, explore the city on a scooter of your own, just like Gregory Peck and Audrey Hepburn. Vintage vespa tours are available from Bici & Baci.
WEBSITE: Trevi Fountain
When in Rome, do as the Romans do… and join the evening passeggiata
The sweet life. That’s what la dolce vita means, and being in Rome with the pulse of human existence all around, it’s easy to understand the meaning, especially at the end of the day when the noise of traffic fades away and the city falls into a romantic reverie. Families flood the streets and take a gentle stroll about in an Italian tradition known as the evening passeggiata.
Join the crowds and enjoy the show. As someone once told me on my very first trip the Eternal City: “Rome by night, she is magic.”
She is, indeed.
SUGGESTED ITINERARY: Here is an interactive map of the route I suggest, starting at the Colosseum and ending by the Spanish Steps. Be warned: the total distance of this walk is roughly 3 miles, but will take you by some of the city’s prettiest squares and monuments, including Campo de’ Fiori, Piazza Navona, the Pantheon, and the Trevi Fountain.
Click on the link below that reads “View Larger Map” to see detailed walking directions from site to site.
A Photo Gallery of Rome
August 17, 2013 October 5, 2017 by Deborah Guber21 Comments on Top 10 Things to Do in Florence, Italy
Whenever I think of Florence, I like to remember my favorite scene in E.M. Forster’s 1908 novel, A Room with a View. When the heroine, Lucy Honeychurch, first enters the Basilica of Santa Croce without a guidebook, she feels lost and alone.
Of course, it must be a wonderful building. But how like a barn! And how very cold! Of course, it contained frescoes by Giotto, in the presence of whose tactile values she was capable of feeling what was proper. But who was to tell her which they were? She walked about disdainfully, unwilling to be enthusiastic over monuments of uncertain authorship or date. There was no one even to tell her which, of all the sepulchral slabs that paved the nave and trancepts, was the one that was really beautiful, the one that had been most praised by Mr. Ruskin.
Then the pernicious charm of Italy worked on her, and, instead of acquiring information, she began to be happy.
We should all be more like Lucy when we’re in Florence—that most intimidating of cities. As her companion, the outspoken Miss Lavish says, the “true Italy is only to be found by patient observation.”
With that in mind, put the guidebooks aside. “Give it to me; I shan’t let you carry it. We will simply drift.”
Walk in Lucy’s footsteps and visit the Basilica of Santa Croce
The colorful marble stripes on the front of this Franciscan church may be Victorian—described by Forster as a “black-and-white façade of surpassing ugliness”—but the interior dates to the dawn of the Renaissance. There are frescoes by Giotto and Gaddi, as well as tombs and cenotaphs dedicated to many great Italian men, including:
Galileo Galilei, the mathematician and astronomer;
Dante Alighieri, known for his Divine Comedy;
Niccolò Machiavelli, author of a famously shrewd treatise on power known as The Prince; and
Michelangelo Buonarroti, the renowned sculptor, painter, architect, and poet, who designed the dome of St. Peter’s in Rome, created the iconographic statue of David before his battle with Goliath, and painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.
Take your time to wander about Santa Croce, then be sure to see the wonderful church museum that’s adjacent, just through the cloisters.
LOCATION: Piazza Santa Croce, 16
HOURS: Monday-Saturday, 9:30 AM – 5:30 PM; Sundays and Holy Days, 2:00 PM – 5:30 PM
COST: Full price ticket, €6; reduced price ticket for children, €4
RULES: Appropriate dress; photography is permitted without a flash, no tripods
WEBSITE: Basilica di Santa Croce
Shop for leather goods at the venerable Scuola del Cuoio
Florence is justifiably famous for its leather. You can shop the San Lorenzo street market* for fun and inexpensive items of questionable origin, or visit any number of the high quality boutiques in town, including Madova, Roberta, Peruzzi, and Frizzoni, but my own personal favorite is the Scuola del Cuoio. Their products—ranging from belts and wallets to stunning purses—are meticulously handcrafted out of lambskin and other more unusual pelts, including deer, ostrich, python, and alligator. For a memorable experience, you can also visit the workshop and watch as an artisan monograms your purchase in gold or silver leaf.
* Update: As of January 2014, the San Lorenzo street market has been indefinitely moved to Piazza del Mercato Centrale and its surrounding streets.
LOCATION: Enter through the Basilica di Santa Croce, or through the garden that surrounds the apse, at Via San Giuseppe, 5r.
HOURS: Fall/Winter, Monday-Friday, 10:00 AM – 6:00 PM, Saturday, 10:30 AM – 6:00 PM; Spring/Summer, Daily 10:00 AM – 6:00 PM.
WEBSITE: Scuola del Cuoio
Cross the Ponte Vecchio and explore the antique galleries and artisan shops of the Oltrarno
The name “Oltrarno” simply means the “other side of the Arno.” From sculptors and wood carvers to gilders, bookbinders and goldsmiths, the small shops you’ll find along the maze of streets between the Ponte Vecchio and Piazza Santo Spirito may seem a world away from the hoards that congregate in Piazza della Signoria and Piazza del Duomo, but getting there requires nothing more than an easy walk across one of Florence’s beautiful bridges.
While the Ponte Santa Trinita and the Ponte alle Grazie were both destroyed by the Nazis near the end of World War II and later rebuilt, the Ponte Vecchio—or “Old Bridge,” in the middle—was spared. Like Brunelleschi’s red-tiled dome, the Ponte Vecchio is an iconographic symbol of Florence.
Before you cross the bridge to the Oltrarno, be sure to stand back along the riverbank to admire the shops that hang pell-mell from the sides. The butchers and fishmongers of the medieval city are long gone, replaced by jewelers whose wooden doors and wrought iron hardware at the close of day resemble a row of pirates’ treasure chests.
GETTING THERE: Explore the area on your own (The New York Times and National Geographic both offer useful itineraries), or book a walking tour with a guide.
NOTE: For a full day, combine a stroll about the Oltrarno with a visit to the Pitti Palace or the Boboli Gardens, or even late afternoon vespers at the church of San Miniato al Monte (see #4 below).
WEBSITE: Welcome to Oltrarno
Climb Giotto’s bell tower for a breathtaking view of the city
Getting to the top of the cathedral’s campanile in Florence requires 414 steps, but the view overlooking a sea of red tiled roofs more than makes up for the effort. You can see San Lorenzo and the Medici Chapel to the north, the Palazzo Vecchio to the south, Santa Croce to the east, and the church of San Miniato al Monte in the far distance on a hill across the Arno. Best of all, Giotto’s bell tower will give you an unparalleled look at Filippo Brunelleschi’s famous dome.
If you make it to the top and back, be sure to reward yourself with a few scoops of gelato. The delicious Grom is nearby, on Via del Campanile, at the corner of Via delle Oche.
LOCATION: Piazza del Duomo. Enter via the stairs in the nave of the cathedral, or outside on the south side of the cathedral
NOTE: There is no elevator. Visitors must climb 414 steps to reach to the top of the bell tower, but unlike the trek to the dome, the staircase is wide and headroom is ample, making it a better choice for those who are claustrophobic.
HOURS: Daily, 8:30 AM – 7:30 PM
COST: €6, although a combination ticket including the Duomo, bell tower, dome, crypt, baptistery, and museum is also available
WEBSITE: Museo del Duomo
See the Gates of Paradise and glimpse the fiery pits of Hell at the cathedral’s baptistery
Michelangelo once called Lorenzo Ghiberti’s bronze panels for the baptistery doors the “Gates of Paradise.” Here in Piazza del Duomo, those panels, which depict scenes from the Old Testament of the Bible, are reproductions of the originals that were installed in 1452, but they are stunning nonetheless.
Inside the baptistery, the scene is somewhat different. The lush ceiling mosaic depicts a benevolent Jesus with arms outstretched and a choir of angels overhead, but what you’ll notice most is a disturbing image of “The Last Judgment.” Look carefully and you’ll see Satan munching on the naked torso of an unrepentant sinner, while others meet an equally unpleasant fate in the jaws of snakes, lizards, and giant beetles.
If you save your visit for a sunny day, you’ll also see rays of sunshine slanting through the room’s narrow windows. When the gold leaf on the glass tiles capture the light, they shimmer and glow as if lit internally by the flames of a hundred candles.
LOCATION: Piazza del Duomo
NOTE: Ghiberti’s original bronze panels for the baptistery doors can be seen nearby at the Museo dell’Opera del Duomo
HOURS: Monday – Saturday, 12:15 PM – 7:00 PM; Sunday and the first Saturday of the month, 8:30 AM – 2:00 PM
Museums, museums, museums!
It’s hard to think of a city with more enticing museums than Florence.
You can see Sandro Botticelli’s The Birth of Venus at the Uffizi Gallery, compare Michelangelo’s David at the Accademia to Donatello’s David at the Bargello, marvel at the world’s largest collection of artists’ self portraits in the Vasari Corridor, stand before Benozzo Gozzoli’s stunning frescoes in the Chapel of the Magi at the Palazzo Medici-Riccardi or Fra Angelico’s Annunciation at the San Marco monastery, or indulge in the splendors of the Pitti Palace and the Palazzo Vecchio.
There is never time enough to visit museums in Florence, but be sure to wile away the hours at one—if not all—of these:
The Uffizi Gallery and Vasari Corridor
Galleria dell’Accademia
Museo di Palazzo Vecchio
Museo dell’Opera del Duomo
Palazzo Pitti
Cappella dei Brancacci
Cappella dei Magi, Palazzo Medici Riccardi
Museo di San Marco
COST: Admission fees for individual museums vary, but consider buying a Firenze Card which provides queue jumping access to 60 different churches, museums, and historical sites at a cost of €72. The card, which is valid for 72 hours, also includes public transportation, use of the city’s wifi network, and dedicated Android iPhone, and iPad apps with built in GPS. Another option is the Amici degli Uffizi pass, which costs €60, but is valid until the end of the year. For useful tips on which to buy and why, click here.
Hear Benedictine monks sing in Georgian chant at the church of San Miniato al Monte
The basilica of San Miniato al Monte is a beautiful Romanesque church in its own right. Built between the 11th and 13th centuries, it has a long, graceful nave and an adjoining cloister and cemetery. But once you’ve visited the grounds thoroughly, consider staying for vespers, an evening prayer service in the Roman Catholic church during which the local Benedictine monks sing in Gregorian chant. It can be a wonderfully serene moment in an otherwise intense and overwhelming city.
LOCATION: Via delle Porte Sante, 34
TIME: On Sundays and Feast days, the monks accompany Mass with Gregorian chant at 10:00 AM and 5:30 PM in the crypt. In the summer, Gregorian chant also takes place during vespers at 5:30 PM on weekdays.
NOTE: If you go, please—I beg you—be polite enough to stay through the entire service. There is nothing worse than a tourist who drops by, only to wander out a few minutes later.
COST: Free, but a small donation to the church is a welcome gesture
WEBSITE: Basilica di San Miniato al Monte
Rub the snout of Il Porcellino for good luck and a future return to Florence
Il Porcellino is the statue of a wild boar located under the loggia of the Mercato Nuovo, near Piazza della Signoria. Legend has it that if you place a coin in his mouth and allow it to fall into the grating below, it will bring good luck. And if you rub his snout, you will ensure your return to Florence someday. Needless to say, it’s been polished to a brilliant shine by thousands of tourists.
I’ve visited the little piglet myself on the final night of each of my trips to Florence, and I know it works because I always come back.
LOCATION: Piazza del Mercato Nuovo
COST: Free, aside from the coin you use for luck! The proceeds are collected and distributed to local charities.
Stop and listen to a street musician
From Italian pop to accordions and classical guitar, it seems that there’s always live music on the streets of Florence, especially in the evenings on the Ponte Vecchio, and in Piazza della Signoria and Piazza della Repubblica.
Stop, listen, enjoy. It’s free.
And if you like what you hear, tip them a Euro or two. Or better yet, buy their CD to bring those lovely Italian memories home. Listening to Claudio Spadi sing “A te” or “Acquarello” in the middle of a cold, Vermont winter always brings a smile to my face.
WHERE: In the summer, you can usually find local musicians on the Ponte Vecchio, Piazza della Signoria, Piazza della Repubblica, and often in Piazza San Marco, Piazza Santa Croce, and Piazza Santo Spirito.
WHO: My personal favorites? Here are some videos of performances by Claudio Spadi and Luca Sciortino, Justyna Maria Janiczak, and Piotr Tomaszewski
Watch the sunset from Piazzale Michelangelo
The panoramic view of Florence from Piazzale Michelangelo, high on a hill on the south bank of the Arno River, is magnificent. From a distance, the architectural details of the city melt into harmonious shades red and yellow, and like the brush strokes in an impressionist painting, the impact from afar is greater than the sum of its parts.
To see the city at its best, go in the evening and stay for the sunset. It’s a sight you’ll long remember.
LOCATION: Viale Michelangelo
GETTING THERE: Aside from a taxi or rental car, there are three options for getting to Piazzale Michelangelo:
1) Walk along the banks of the Oltrarno to the footpath that winds up the hill. Please note that there are many stairs and they are steep;
2) Take the number 12 bus from Santa Maria Novella train station; or
3) Reserve a sunset limousine tour with a company such as I Just Drive, which costs €18 per person and requires a minimum of four people.
Where to stay when in Florence
My personal choice is always the Hotel Davanzati at Via Porta Rossa, 5, but don’t just take my word for it. Check out their reviews on TripAdvisor.
A Photo Gallery of Florence
August 15, 2013 October 6, 2017 by Deborah Guber42 Comments on Top 10 Things to Do in Venice, Italy
More than a century ago, it was the great American novelist cum travel writer Henry James who decided that there was “nothing left to discover or describe” about Venice, and that “originality of attitude is completely impossible.”
But, he said, “it would be a sad day indeed when there should be something new to say. I write these lines with the full consciousness of having no information whatever to offer. I do not pretend to enlighten the reader; I pretend only to give fillip to his memory; and I hold any writer sufficiently justified who is himself in love with his theme.”
And so I am.
Released from the burden of originality and the guilt of self-indulgence, here is my own To Do List for first-time visitors to Venice.
Ride a vaporetto down the Grand Canal
Whether you arrive in Venice at Santa Lucia railway station, at the bus depot in Piazzale Roma, or at the small airport across the lagoon, the glorious Grand Canal will be among the first sites you see, and invariably, it will look exactly as you imagined. It will feel at once foreign and familiar, as if you’ve stepped into an 18th century painting by Canaletto, only to find that the world around you has changed little in its substance.
To extend the illusion a little longer, board a public water bus—known as a vaporetto—and ride it the length of the canal, under the Rialto Bridge, by the colorful and crumbling façades of grand palazzos like the Ca’ d’Oro and the Ca’ Rezzonico, all the way down past the dome of Santa Maria della Salute, before disembarking at St. Mark’s Square.
If the Grand Canal seems heavy with traffic today, bustling with motor boats, water buses, and gondolas, remind yourself that it was even more crowded in the 16th and 17th centuries, during the golden age of the Venetian Republic, when it was a major thoroughfare for merchants who traded goods across Europe and the Far East.
BUYING TICKETS: ACTV tickets can be bought: 1) Online; 2) On site from the Hellovenezia ticket office at the railway station; or 3) From the automatic ticket machines on some landing docks.
COST: A single ticket on the vaporetto costs €7, so buying a tourist travel card is a wise decision. Cards allow unlimited access for a period of either 12, 24, 36, 48, or 72 hours, or for 7 days from the time it is initially activated. Prices vary accordingly, from €18 to €50. For further details, see one of the websites below.
NOTE: For the purposes of sightseeing, board a vaporetto on Line 1 (map), or pay slightly more to board the special Vaporetto dell’Arte, which includes a multilingual audio and video system. Remember, you will need to swipe your travel card on the iMob validating machines located at the entrance to the ACTV loading docks before you board, or face a hefty fine.
WEBSITES: ACTV, VeniceConnected, Vaporetto dell’Arte
Soak in the Byzantine splendor of St. Mark’s Basilica
At the eastern end of St. Mark’s Square lies the basilica that was built to house the remains of St. Mark the Evangelist, plundered from Alexandria, Egypt in 828 A.D. Legend has it that the Venetians hid the relics in a barrel under layers of pork to slip them past Muslim guards, a scheme they later depicted in a mosaic above the portal that is farthest left of the front entrance.
While Venice is replete with Baroque churches, St. Mark’s Basilica is an exotic outlier, with its massive marble columns, graceful arches, and onion domes clad in lead. Look carefully about and you’ll also see a hodgepodge of ornaments that were brought back piecemeal over the centuries by Venetian merchants who had sailed to the Orient and back.
To see the interior—a “glittering robber’s den” encrusted with gold mosaic tiles, set unevenly to better refract the light—you will have to survive the basilica’s infamous queue, as well as its strict rules for entry, but both are a small price to pay for the privilege of seeing one of Europe’s finest churches.
GETTING THERE: For directions to Piazza San Marco from various locations, including the train station and Piazzale Roma, click here.
HOURS: Summer hours for the basilica are from 9:45 AM – 5:00 PM weekdays and Saturdays, Sundays and holidays from 2:00 PM – 5:00 PM. Please check the website below for hours at other times of year.
NOTE: Modest dress is required (cover those knees and shoulders!) and photography is not allowed, nor are large bags and purses. To avoid the maddening queue to get in, consider making a reservation online.
COST: Admission to the basilica itself is free, but small and very worthwhile charges apply to enter the chancel, treasury and loggia, areas which include the Pala d’Oro, a gold altarpiece constructed of enamel icons and encrusted with gemstones; an odd and extensive collection of chalices and reliquaries containing the blood and bones of saints; and the original gilded horses of St. Mark, the prize of so many lootings over the centuries.
MORE: If time permits, consider purchasing a Chorus Pass for €12, which grants admission to sixteen churches in Venice.
WEBSITE: Basilica di San Marco
Visit the Doge’s Palace to walk across the Bridge of Sighs and see the prison cell from which Casanova famously escaped
The Palazzo Ducale, which adjoins St. Mark’s Basilica, was once the residence of the Doge of Venice. To make the most your experience here, book a “Secret Itineraries” tour with a well-trained guide, who will explain the civic and political history of the city and its “Council of Ten.”
You will see where the most delicate administrative tasks were performed, in an attic space far removed from prying eyes, then you’ll continue through the Chancellery, where walls of cabinets once contained secret documents, before arriving in the torture chamber in which prisoners were hung by their arms from ropes. You’ll even get to cross the infamous Bridge of Sighs and enter the prison itself to see the cell once occupied by Casanova, and from which he made his daring escape.
Along the way, be sure to keep your eye out for centuries old graffiti scratched into the window panes by bored clerks.
GETTING THERE: If arriving by vaporetto, chose either the Vallaresso or San Zaccaria stop. For more information, click here.
HOURS: From April to October, the Doge’s Palace is open daily from 8:30 AM – 7:00 PM, and from April-March, daily from 8:30 AM – 5:30 PM. “Secret Itineraries” tours in English run at 9:55 AM and 11.35 AM and should be reserved in advance.
COST: A full-price ticket valid for the Doge’s Palace as well as the Museo Correr, Museo Archeologico Nazionale, and the Monumental Rooms of the Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana costs €16. The “Secret Itineraries” tour is €20. For those tourists who intend to visit many of the city’s churches and museums, purchasing the Venice Card (€39.90 for adults) may be a worthwhile option.
MORE: In addition to the Doge’s Palace,Venice offers an array of enticing museums. If time permits, or foul weather forces you indoors, consider visiting the following: Gallerie dell’Accademia (pre-19th century Venetian art); Peggy Guggenheim Collection (contemporary art); Museo Correr (collections focus on the art and history of Venice); or Ca’ Rezzonico (a museum of 18th century art).
WEBSITE: Palazzo Ducale
Gaze out across the rooftops of Venice from the top of the campanile in St. Mark’s Square
While most ancient bell towers in Italy require a sturdy pair of legs, the campanile in St. Mark’s Square has a large and speedy elevator. Ride it to the top for the sheer pleasure of the view. From a height of 324 feet, you can easily see the entire city, with a rim of coastline in every direction. Look for the iconic church of Santa Maria della Salute at the mouth of the Grand Canal. If you scan the red tiled roofs carefully with a camera lens or a telescope, you might also spy the elegant spiral staircase of the Palazzo Contarini del Bovolo.
Rest assured, while the original 15th century campanile collapsed into rubble quite suddenly in 1902, the reconstructed tower won’t fall again because Venice recently completed a multi-year engineering project to shore up its foundation.
LOCATION: Piazza San Marco
HOURS: Summer hours for the campanile are from 9:00 AM – 9:00 PM. Please check the website below for hours at other times of year.
COST: A ticket to ride the elevator to the top of the campanile costs €8.
MORE: For another extraordinary view of the city of Venice, take a vaporetto out to the island of San Giorgio Maggiore and take the elevator to the top of the bell tower there.
Visit the Rialto Market to experience the vivid sights, sounds, and smells of Venetian life
In the morning, the open-air Rialto Market is a feast for the senses, as local farmers and fisherman unload trays of fresh squid, cuttlefish, crabs and clams, as well as baskets of whatever produce is in season, from cherries and grapes to peas and asparagus.
If the old adage about eating with your eyes first is true—mangiare con gli occhi, as the Italians would say—you will stroll about and leave feeling very full and very happy.
LOCATION: San Polo, Campo de la Pescheria (fruits and vegetables) and Campo de le Becarie, Loggia Grande and Loggia Piccola (fish)
HOURS: The markets open around 7:00 AM. Note, the produce market is closed on Sundays and the fish market is closed on Sundays and Mondays.
WEBSITE: Mercato di Rialto
Go shopping anywhere and everywhere for Murano glass
While the fame of Venetian glass extends back to the Roman Empire, all of the furnaces and foundries were moved to the island of Murano in 1291 out of fear that a fire would consume the city’s wooden buildings. Today, the art, craft, and tradition of Murano glass continues and local boutiques sell a dizzying array of whimsical sculptures and ornate chandeliers.
On one of my visits to Venice, the shop window at Pauly & Co. in St. Mark’s Square displayed a series of balloon animals that would surely pass for the real thing, in addition to a green fedora for €7,500, and a folded shirt, complete with buttons, for €8,100. A craftsman even made what would appear to be Cinderella’s glass slipper, although at nearly €11,000 most women would need to marry Prince Charming to be able to afford it.
For a far less expensive option and one that’s easy to slide into a suitcase already bulging with Italian souvenirs, shop for jewelry instead.
RECOMMENDATIONS: Personally, I like the jewelry collections at Antica Murrina and Le Perle. Here are some other suggestions from Lonely Planet.
NOTE: If you spend enough and you’re a non-EU citizen, consider applying for a VAT refund.
Escape the crowds for a day and go island hopping
Eventually, even the most ardent admirer of Venice will want to escape for the day to the nearby islands of Murano, Burano, or Torcello. The first is best known for glassmaking, the second for lace, and the third—I suspect—for being seldom visited by tourists.
Start with a short boat ride to Murano, where you can any number of glass factorys for a free tour. In the heat of the furnace, the craftsmen work quickly and deftly with molten glass that is roughly the texture of salt water taffy, just be wary of the salesmen who will follow you afterwards into the showroom. They can turn the subtle art of browsing into an uncomfortable, high stakes game of cat-and-mouse.
Next, make your way to Burano, a tiny fishing village where the streets are a riot of color, lined with houses that are painted in improbable shades of blue, orange, green, purple, and red. Flower pots rest on window ledges, laundry hangs to dry, and in the summer nearly every front door stands ajar, covered only with a striped curtain that catches the breeze, as a sail might on a boat.
If time remains, consider one last jump to Torcello. There is a brick walkway that leads away from the dock, but much of the island consists of open fields and undisturbed wetlands. Follow the path to a cluster of old buildings that includes two magnificent churches side-by-side—Santa Fosca, which is low and round, and the more conventional Santa Maria Assunta, with its solitary bell tower. Both are primitive, peaceful and calm, far removed from the opulence of Venice and its madding crowd.
GETTING THERE: The islands of Murano, Burano, and Torcello are easy to reach using public transportation. Vaporetto line numbers 12, 13, 14, 4.1, and 4.2 make the journey to Murano from Fondamente Nove (on the north side of Castello), and line number 12 continues on to Burano and Torcello.
COST: Travel to the islands is included with a standard ACTV ticket
WEBSITES: Murano, Burano, Torcello
Be indulgent and hire a gondolier
Yes, it is cliché, and it is expensive, but you have traveled long and far to come to Venice, and you really should ride in a gondola.
Henry James once wrote that “little mental pictures rise before the collector of memories at the simple mention, written or spoken, of the places he has loved.” When he conjured an image of Venice, it was not Piazza San Marco that he thought about, nor was it the basilica, or the dome of the Salute church, or even the Grand Canal. Instead, in his mind’s eye he saw:
“…a narrow canal in the heart of the city—a patch of green water and a surface of pink wall. The gondola moves slowly; it gives a great smooth swerve, passes under a bridge, and the gondolier’s cry, carried over the quiet water, makes a kind of splash of stillness. A girl crosses the little bridge, which has an arch like a camel’s back, [and] you see her against the sky as you float beneath… On the other side of this small waterway is a great shabby façade of Gothic windows and balconies… It is very hot and still, the canal has a queer smell, and the whole place is enchanting.”
LOCATION: Gondolas depart from nearly every dock in Venice, so wander about and pick a neighborhood that appeals to you. Most itineraries will include at least a short piece of the Grand Canal, but it’s often a ride along the quiet side canals that is most enchanting.
COST: The rates for gondoliers are fixed by the city of Venice. During the day, expect to pay €80 for a 40-minute ride for a maximum of six people, and €40 for each additional increment of 20 minutes. In the evening, the rate increases to a base price of €100. If you would like to be serenaded by your gondolier, that fee is additional and must be negotiated.
Too expensive? Here are some affordable alternatives: 1) Share a gondola ride with others at Santa Maria del Giglio; or 2) Take a traghetto across the Grand Canal. For a list of crossing points, click here.
WHAT TO EXPECT: Gondola Rides in Venice: How to Get the Most from your Venice Gondola Experience
WEBSITE: Gondola Venezia
Spend a lazy evening under the stars listening to the orchestras play in Piazza San Marco
It’s said that when Casanova escaped from prison in 1756, he stopped off for a cup of coffee at Caffè Florian before fleeing to Paris. It’s easy to understand why when you see how lively and pleasant Piazza San Marco becomes at night, once the crowds have slipped away.
There are three restaurants in the square, each with neat rows of tables and chairs, and awnings under which an orchestra plays. Take a seat at Caffé Florian, Ristorante Gran Caffé Quadri, or Caffé Lavena, order a cocktail, lean back and relax as you are serenaded with sentimental waltzes and lively folk dances.
No one will blame you if you get up and dance.
Caffé Florian is open daily from 9:00 AM – 11:00 PM in the summer, and closed Wednesdays in winter (menu)
Ristorante Gran Caffé Quadri is open Tuesday through Sunday for lunch from 12:30 PM – 2:30 PM, and for dinner from 7:30 PM – 10:30 PM
Caffé Lavena is open daily from 9:30 AM – 11:00 PM
NOTE: To avoid an unhappy surprise when the bill arrives, please know that there is a supplemental charge per person whenever the orchestra is playing.
Caffé Florian
Ristorante Gran Caffé Quadri
Caffé Lavena
Put away the map and get lost
In a city built of islands, where there are 150 canals and 400 bridges, maps are of little use, and modern gadgets like cell phones with GPS, even less so. For that reason, it can be genuinely difficult to find things in Venice, so resolve to discover them instead. The lack of intention makes all the difference in the world. It allows frustration to give way to serendipity.
In exploring the city’s labyrinthine streets and canals, you may find comfort in periodic signs that read “Per Rialto and “Per San Marco,” but notice how they often they point in two directions at once, creating endless combinations.
Right, left, right.
Left, left, right.
Follow your fancy and see what pleasures await. On one of my tramps around Venice I was treated to shop windows that had exotic spices stacked into powdered pyramids, papier-mâché masks formed into the fanciful faces of cats, hedgehogs and owls, and tiny gold fish suspended in blown glass aquariums of every size and shape.
Walk on, and soon you’ll find yourself wondering what more there is to see just around the corner, and you’ll be tempted to devote the entire day to finding out.
It will be a day well spent.
LOCATION: It matters not.
HOURS: Unlimited.
COST: Nothing.
MEMORIES: Priceless
Where to stay when in Venice
My personal choice is always the Hotel Al Ponte Mocenigo at Santa Croce 2063, but don’t just take my word for it. Check out their reviews on TripAdvisor.
A Photo Gallery of Venice
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January 9, 2017 / Kendra Allen, Editor
D.C. Mayor Bowser says repealing ACA will cost the city $600 million a year
HEALTH | In a response to an inquiry by House Majority leader Kevin McCarthy asking state leaders to share their ideas for reforming the nation’s health care system, D.C. Mayor Bowser said that repealing the Affordable Care Act would cost the city more than $600 million dollars per year. (WaPo, 1/6)
Many District residents have benefited from Obamacare — especially its option that allowed jurisdictions to expand Medicaid coverage. By the 2018 fiscal year, about 90,000 people in the nation’s capital would have health insurance because of the expansion, Bowser wrote in her letter, at an annual cost of $623 million, most of it picked up by the federal government.
The mayor said that many are also are taking advantage of another key component of the law — online clearinghouses, or “marketplaces,” where individuals and businesses can browse plans from competing insurance providers. Depending on income, individual customers can also qualify for government subsidies to help pay their insurance premiums.
– Gail Christopher, Senior Advisor at W.K. Kellogg Foundation, discusses the racial divide in America and why their new initiative, the National Day of Racial Healing on January 17th, is necessary. (PND Blog, 1/6)
– Darren Walker, President of Ford Foundation, recounts America’s tumultuous history with justice and dignity as he reaffirms the Foundation’s commitment to both for all. (Ford Foundation Blog, 1/4)
– New transitional housing center for homeless LGBTQ youth in D.C. opened this weekend. (WTOP, 1/8)
– Virginia Governor Terry McAuliffe issued an executive order that bans state contracts with firms that discriminate on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity. (WaPo, 1/5)
HUMAN RIGHTS | How two nonprofits in our region helped a victim of human trafficking (WaPo, 1/5)
PHILANTHROPY | The Community Foundation for the National Capital Region is accepting nominations for the 2017 Montgomery County Philanthropist of the Year. Learn more here
– How Do Mayors Think About Inequality? (Citylab, 1/5)
– The “American Dream” may have never worked the way we believe it does but we still must discover why the dream failed for so many. (Nonprofit Quarterly, 12/29)
Have you seen this map of the different languages spoken in our region?
-Kendra
← A new children’s museum planned for D.C.
What does a trip to California have to do with racial equity? →
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Survivorian 4.0
Progress: 5% done
Survivorian
Survivorian is a free 3D first person survival game that focuses on biology elements, building, crafting and hunting in the stone age. Gain as many satisfaction points as possible by taking care of your character such as consuming water and food, sleeping, feeling warm, learning new skills, and getting high. To achieve the goal of satisfaction, some of these game mechanics can make it easier for you such as building various things out from wooden cuboids, teaming up with human AIs, have the ability to fight bacteria and viruses, and regulate the insulin level in your blood vessel manually.
Development and releases:
It's basically a never-ending one-man project. The development of the game started in March 2011 and has already been released on the 1st of August 2011, where it was in 2D. On the 4th January 2014, the game turned into 3D when it reached version 2.0. The latest version can be downloaded from my website for free.
Technical:
The game runs on my own 3D engine using C++ and DirectX libraries. The graphics are pixel art with simple models combined with realistic recorded sound effects. The model format is custom made and I make the models in my own model maker program. There is no installation required, so it's basically just download, unzip and play.
Recommended requirements for the latest version of Survivorian:
10+ MB HDD
1+ GB RAM
Mid-High CPU
Low-High GPU
Windows with DirectX installed
Keyboard + Mouse with wheel
Download Page:
https://www.dannek.com/projects?project=survivorian
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zIFbMLUqBFU
I'll continue to update the game regularly and therefore new features will be implemented in the near future. I plan on adding more biology and social elements into the game.
https://www.dannek.com/about
All soundtracks
Download the latest 3D version: 3.2.3.3
Download the latest 2D version: 1.5
Register || Log in
DS Audual 1.1.0
Strings light up when they get hit.
Light effects when choosing a bar.
Smooth fade in/fade out transit... read more
Download this utility software
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Tag Archives: clone
February 14, 2014 Black Ops, Dragon, et abductions, supersoldier, ultrawarriror, Uncategorizedclone, imprintation, og, terrorsmaxillya
Black Ops controllers want to have ways in which to draw forth alter personalities that have been put into their victims, so they put in sounds, silence, symbols, etc., and use them to bring out the alters they want, for the job at hand.
They knew, when they were doing this, they were leaving themselves open, to the Spoilers, turning on them. The Trainees, were trained by black ops specialists, and ET trainers and other specialists, to turn these humans into killers, assassins, saboteurs, and much, much more.
To create these alters you might think it tooks months of torture, psycological and sociological retraining, and so on, but it didn’t, for they took psychics, paired them off with ETs and each alter was created within each victim’s mind with telepathic imagery, and setting up the alter in its own total cosnciousness.
The trainers and the ETs would only work three days on each alter, to create the total personality, then they would turn it over to the back ops trainers to put into them the harsh training, etc., needed to turn them into the best guerrilla warriors in the world and beyond it.
This training would go on for three months at a time, then the ETs would get them for three month; this would go on for three or four years, and by that tim,e at least seven alters, would be in each solider, in each warrior, and in each Dragon. They were mean, experienced in all kinds of situations, wars, etc..
The ETs would take the super soldiers and the ultra warriors through various kinds of environments, showing them how to adapt with the equipment or their own resourcefulness, to the environments they were in.
It was under a year, when suddenly all the super soliders, warriors and Dragons, suddenly were capable of surviving in any environment, by transforming their bodyminds to be a natural within it. This was neither the black ops, or an ETs training skill introduce into the fertile fields of consciousess of the victims they turned into killing machines.
Both the black ops and the ETs, put them through every kind of environment they could, and it was a natural talent, and it was life specific, meaning it would happen without them having to do anything about it.
The fear of their creations began to come in, for there was a wild card within their ranks, and they had no idea who it was. They started doing vast scientific tests, the ETs began to run genetic testing on all the humans or to them, primitives- they picked up.
The next step, if they harmed one of the elite, one of them would be harmed, and fear of the soldiers, warriors and Dragons would multiply.
The black ops operators, took this lesson in hand, and began to teach the soldiers, warriors and Dragons, to deeper levels, than what they’d thought they would do, this early in the black ops program.
One thing we haven’t covered is that super soldiers, ultra warriors and Dragons have both sexes in the training and the brainwashing, both the black ops and the ETs, started making the training more difficult, and more psychological controlling and torturous; they started using hypnosis, in various ways, the black ops training, was less adamant, than the ETs, who used futuristic techniques to put their trainees through deep and very controlling blocks, and introduced inplants, bots and etc.s. They wanted the soldier, warrior and Dragon, to be controllers; they could use, them, then, to make them special killers, under, their control, and to start the visual creations, where the situation and environment matched what was wanted.
One of these was one I found when I busted through my own blocks, and found myself in a total solar system’ the planets were exact in virtual reality imagination and consciousness adaptation to what is needed.
To make the soldiers, warriors and Dragons, afraid of them and their scientific skills, talents and abilities, plus what they used of the races before them, who had left these great machines behind; they had figured out how to use them, and now they used them on the primitives, both human and other biological races, across the galaxy and the Universe, They began to use the Terrors, machines that could become the victim, and then put into place the benefits the ETs wanted in each alter, and tie them in so well, that the victim, couldn’t break the alters, or so they thought.
The ETs are bio-androids, they have within their bodyminds neural nets, to enhance, and allow them to travel in space, time, etc., without having to have special, lumbersome equipment to do so. They found that neural nets, could help them in all areas of this, including increasing psychic power, psychic powers, psychic energies, and so on.
One of the psychological attacks on the primitives, was to keep them naked at all times, to force them to have sex with each other, with the same sex, and with the opposite sex.
They tried to bring animals into it, but the humans revolted and almost killed the ETs.
The ETs and the Black ops operators decided, it was/is time to make the soldiers, warriors and Dragons, to fight in real, but simulated wars, so the Bargains were conceived, they would program each victim, to play a role, with the freedom to choose how to survive in war. They used the Stands of ETs, and the real environments on different planets, for these mock wars, but they weren’t mock all the times, sometimes they were real, and real injuries were allowed.
They created one ongoing war scenes and had the humans and many of their primitives involved in it, with the leaders of the human side three people, and they were great leaders, so the final battle came into being and two of the three were dead, and the third, grieved tremendously, for his friends and comrades.
The ETs and the Black Ops operators were interested in this, to see what the survivor would do, he and his people almost killed all the black ops operators and the ETs, they were coming in for the kill, when they all vanished, and the ETs and the Black Ops didn’t know where they had gone.
This leader had taken all of the combatants to where his friends were, in tanks, and were coming alive, and they helped them out, they knew then that the ETs were cloners, and was putting them into clone bodies that could be killed or whatever and the spirit of the primitive would come back here to its own bodymind.
The ETs and the Black Ops, tried to capture them, but they all disappeared.The dynamics of the Bargains had now changed, the super soldiers, ultra warriors and Dragons, knew the secret of how they sometimes came on board these ships, and could have dangerous and torturous things done to them, what they could do, and if the bodymind was hurt or died, they would simply return to the OG.
Yet wild cards kept turning up in the primitives, life specific wild cards, which gave them great powers, and great intellect to go with it. The ETs and the Black Ops were growing more and more afraid of the primitives, and the primitive forces were growing more and more capable of doing psychic, intellectual and war combats, which the ETs and the Black Ops Operators didn’t know how to control.
They started calling these wild cards- geronimos.
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Edouard Duval-Carrié (Advisor) (x)
Am I Not a Man and a Brother?
In this block, the artist has chosen to highlight a commonly used symbol of the abolitionist movement; a slave kneeling with chained wrists held up, begging for his freedom. Created by members of the Clapham Sect of the Church of England in 1787, the image was so popularly consumed, historians have referred to it as a “pièce de resistance” of the campaign. However, the image is controversial to some because of the subordinate and sanitized representation it gives of slavery. Rather than portraying a reality of enslavement, torture, oppression, and resistance, the image appealed to the abolitionist ideals of morality, virtue, and truth. With this block, the artists urges their audience to grapple with the impact that historically sanitized images of slavery can cause, especially on younger generations. By portraying the slave as begging his oppressors for his freedom and humility, the image has replicated the very hierarchy it is trying to combat. Nonetheless, the image is contextualized with historical importance from the role it played in the abolitionist movement. By re-assessing images of abolition and rebellion, the artist urges people to contemplate popular controversies about the glorification of confederate monuments and the legacy of slavery in shaping American national identity.
Behind the Trees
The center image of this block provides the viewer with a window into the world of Haiti before the revolution. Framed by lucious trees, this view shows the rolling hills and lush landscape of the island, including an expansive plantation near the bottom of the frame. In the foreground stands a muscular plantation worker, squinting up at the viewer from beneath his straw hat. This image is one of many prints and paintings that were circulated in Europe in the 18th century depicting the colonization of the island of Hispaniola, one of many Caribbean islands whose people were enslaved by French and British colonizers for the mass production of sugarcane and molasses. As we peer into this scene, we are put into the shoes of the Europeans who confronted slavery and racism from thousands of miles away. Some endorsed this violent exploitation and commended the officers deemed brave enough to consort with savages, while others silently disapproved, and even fewer spoke out in opposition. Today, as we confront issues of privilege and race in different and more nuanced ways, we must stop and think: are we content to quietly oppose, or is it our duty to speak out against racism and violence? As artists, activists, and students we must push aside the lush leaves and trees and see racism and oppression for what it really is.
Bondage and Freedom
This block memorializes the pain and violence inflicted on black bodies in both Haiti and America during the time of slavery. The artist has placed drawings of an active foot and hand, body parts most commonly immobilized by chains and ropes during slavery, at the center of this piece, and surrounded them with leaves, flowers, keys, broken chains, drops of blood, and long-lost pieces of jewelry, items evocative of a past left behind and destroyed at the hands of slavery. These items appear to rotate in a circle around the foot and hand caught in the moments before taking a step or lifting the page of a book, giving the piece an element of movement and the feeling of ceaseless change. This piece encourages the viewer to remember the terribleness of physical bondage and enslavement, yet it also celebrates the liberation from these chains and the physical freedom many of us have come to take for granted. Furthermore, it reminds us to always keep moving towards a brighter future no matter what we may have left behind.
This block aims to capture the ironic nature of the institution of slavery. This block includes an image of slaves on a plantation, framed by various found objects. The artist has incorporated a crucifix into the design, signifying the use of christianity as a means justify the enslavement of bodies. The image conjures a feeling of darkened antiquity and tarnish, further accentuated by rusty keys and other metal objects which surround the photograph, alluding to how the people in the image were utilized for the purpose of profit and industry with no attention paid to their human needs. When we consider visualizing freedom we must consider the nexus of capital and material and its effects on the enslaved body, a topic unfortunately still relevant in capitalist America today.
Unlike many of the blocks in this piece, this block is not tied to an individual story or person but rather attempts to show an idea. The block is centered around an image of a head both human and alien, evoking emotions such as pain, fear, and sadness. These are the emotions associated with colonialism and violence, of oppression and disease, and were likely felt by Haitians at the time of the revolution. While this musical being appears cry and mourn, it also inspires a sense of power and awe in the viewer, similar to the feeling of power that many Haitians were beginning to sense as the revolution took hold of Haiti. This block, while more abstract than others, contributes to the abolitionist story by recognizing the role of terror and chaos, while representing the relationship between pain and strength, fear and power.
This block is a visualization of the clash between the cosmic forces of nature and the institutions of humankind. This encounter was especially apparent during the revolution in Haiti; the very concept of slavery and the violence that grew from it defies nature in every way. The plantation economy which ran off the energy of slaves turned a lush tropical landscape into flat planes of torture. Confrontation between armed forces over these plantations wreaked havoc on the earth and the destroyed the natural landscape. In this block an image of a classical Greco-Roman building, representing the institutions of a “more civilized” people, collides with the cosmic forces of earth and nature. These forces are commonly called upon in Haitian Vodou ceremonies, making this collision not just one between man and nature but also between ideologies and philosophies.
The story of Haiti since 1492, in broad strokes, is the story of export-oriented exploitation and the politics that come with that commerce. The extinction of native peoples due to hard labor, and the clearing of the land to produce sugar and other export crops, is marked by the totem in the lower-left corner of this block. Coins also contribute historical significance to this block, serving as markers for the economic interests of various global powers in this small nation and the interaction of Haiti’s history with neighbors in the New World. In some cases, these former colonies started their revolutions with support from Haiti. Currency also captures historical events, people, and cultural relations between nations. Jean-Pierre Boyer, Charlemagne Peralte, and monarchs of France are displayed. Some coins have specific years or are from periods of historical significance to the development of Haiti.
When confronting the reality of plantation slavery in America, aspects of life which seemed normal in the early 1880’s are often difficult to conceptualize today. In this block, the artist calls attention to the tradition of child raising, in which slaves were given the task of nursing and raising their master’s progeny. It seems counter-intuitive that one could believe a slave so unworthy of human dignity, yet at the same time entrust them with the life of their child. In this block, a portrait of a slave with their master’s baby is framed by a pattern comprised of enlarged images of a human cell, encouraging a contemplation of the hypocrisies present in the theoretical foundations of slavery, including the supposed biological and intellectual inferiority of black people. Most often, slaves bore responsibilities foundational to the prosperity and functioning of their owners; they were worthy of motherhood but not the recognition of full humanity. By featuring a female-bodied slave in this block, the artist also pushes the viewer to contemplate the highly gendered nature of slave work and how it reveals inconsistencies in the theoretical foundations of racial superiority in America.
This block is comprised of a document listing registered soldiers of the First Regiment of Iowa Volunteers, a predominately black enlistment fighting for the Union during the Civil War. Scattered around the names of enlisted men, the artist has included pieces of metallic jewellery, linking the First Regiment of Iowa Volunteers to the Haitian Revolution. In this piece, the institution of slavery is represented by fragments of broken earrings, bracelets, and necklaces. The artist aimed to capture the harsh brutality of the struggle against slavery and racism, experienced by both Haitian revolutionaries in 1791 and also by members of the First Regiment of Iowa Volunteers in 1863. At the same time, some objects (such as the metallic pencil sharpener) are intended to portray the idea that the world is changeable and can be made better, a homage to the sacrifices made by the enlisted men of the First Regiment. This block parallels the struggle experienced in Haiti with the struggle experienced in the United States, and aims to show the relevancy and tangibility of these events even in today’s world. While the struggles of Haiti and the United States are very different, similarities between the two stories show the interconnectedness of history.
From Prosecution to Presidency
“A Great Grandson of Slaves Leads Grinnell College” reads the title of an interview on Iowa Public Radio with current Grinnell College President Raynard Kington. This block is centered around an image of Kington’s ancestors, forcing viewers to contemplate the journey from slavery to abolition. Though the 13th amendment may have legally abolished slavery in 1865, the path towards freedom has yet to be fully realized. To this day, the legacy of slavery is a prominent and undeniable feature of American institutions and identity. In this block, the artist used many embellishments and layered images to represent the many lenses and layers through which we examine our complex and overlapping histories. In some instances, stories obscure and silence others. In other cases, they bring new dimensions to known histories and help us re-examine our past. The artist’s hope is that this artwork will lead viewers to examine what lenses they might ascribe to their personal histories relating to slavery and abolition.
Haiti (15) + -
Slavery (15) + -
Haitian Revolution (12) + -
Abolition (11) + -
America (8) + -
Anti-Slavery (5) + -
Photography (4) + -
Plantation (4) + -
Vodou (4) + -
Caribbean (3) + -
Grinnell, IA (5) + -
Iowa, USA (2) + -
Visualizing Abolition and Freedom (35) + -
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Toy Adventures, Human Scale Stories: A Look Into “Toy Story 4”
As the new sequel to one of Pixar’s most beloved franchises inches closer to release, we discover what this newest incarnation brings to the world of our favorite group of toys
Arturo Hilario
El Observador
Just shy of a quarter of a century ago an animated film told the story of children’s toys that had the ability to think, interact with the world, and most importantly, feel. That is the tale of “Toy Story”. After its revolutionary animated beginnings in 1995, the film series has continued to live in the hearts of new fans, years after the original generation of viewers grew up and had their own children.
Propelled by its intriguing perspective of the world from a playthings angle, the “Toy Story” franchise has been one of pop culture and film’s undeniably classic stories. With the release this June 21 of “Toy Story 4”, Pixar aims to bring new emotional scope to the world of Woody and Buzz, by introducing new environments, new friends and foes, and the return of a memorable character that has the potential to uproot everything the toys believe in.
Recently I was able to attend the media day for “Toy Story 4” at Pixar Studios, in Emeryville, California. I had attended several times before but this specific time it would be a truly awe-inspiring trip. We were going to get a look at the new sequel for what can be described the foundation for what we know as Pixar Studios is now.
Not just in its technical advancements in animation, but behind the tech, the stories. The heart and soul that could be brought to inanimate objects, in a 90’s animation style that beforehand had been less close to human emotions and more creepy shiny dolls moving about. Pixar came with “Toy Story”, and with it, imagined a world full of opportunity and life. You could be an RC car, or a Cowboy from a TV show, in the world of “Toy Story”, your parts don’t matter, just your character.
During a press conference at this event, Director Josh Cooley and Producers Jonas Rivera and Mark Nielsen gave us some insight into what exactly began the idea for a new “Toy Story” after the main protagonist Andy gives his toys away to a little girl named Bonnie at the conclusion of the third film.
Well, it happened. In “Toy Story 4” Bonnie is entering kindergarten and during a preview day in class during arts and crafts, the lonely and miserable Bonnie sits at her own table and builds a spork friend, naming it Forky. Lo and behold, Forky becomes sentient and is freaking out because he’s alive, and not just in the waste bin after being used for his purpose as a food tool. The googly-eyed, red pipe cleaner-armed Forky is introduced to Woody and the gang at home, and although Woody is kind and accepting of him Forky continues to hate his new situation as a plaything.
Bonnie’s family goes on a road trip and Woody and friends are brought along. As is with most of these films, something goes wrong or some toy gets lost. In this case, Forky falls out of the RV, and this spurs Woody and others to jump out and find him. As they explore the world around them and try to figure out how to get back to the RV, they arrive at a little town and find out that an old friend, Bo Peep, has managed to make a life out here.
A Spork, and the “Midi-chlorian Question”
When answering questions about the introduction of a character that’s essentially a child’s school art project made out of inanimate objects, Producer Jonas Rivera began explaining the first ideas for Forky, describing a situation where a kid at Christmas would open a toy and then play with a box instead of the actual contents inside. “If you were a toy it would be the worst insult.”
That’s really what drove one piece of the concept of identity for “Toy Story 4”.
Director Josh Cooley says of the inanimate objects having life, “It’s the truth of it, our kids do make craft projects, and they would be alive in this world”. Adding to that, once Bonnie writes her name on Forky, “it seals the deal.”
Asked about what prompted them to choose what is alive and what isn’t in the “Toy Story” universe, Cooley says, “Even in the first “Toy Story” where they say, “Oh well the lawn gnome across the street hasn’t seen them.” There are things in the world that are alive, but we just don’t see them. I kind of feel that it’s a little like a “Midi-chlorian” question.”
Cooley references the “Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace” film from 1999 which retroactively tries to explain what “The Force” is – intelligent, tiny particles in the body. It didn’t go over so well with fans, but in essence, having to go back and overexplain what and why things have life in “Toy Story” would be like the Midi-chlorian situation.
Forky is a new toy and discovering what that means, plain and simple.
The Return of Bo Peep
Bo Peep is introduced as a porcelain shepherdess figurine in “Toy Story” and a romantic foil to Sheriff Woody. In the second film, she has short appearances and isn’t featured in the third. So why bring her back?
For the crew behind the “Toy Story” franchise, Bo Peep had always been an intriguing match for Woody’s character, one that the creators felt was worthy enough to bring back and create a payoff for in a new story.
Cooley says, “Woody and Bo have this relationship from the previous pictures, so there’s definitely an element of that. But it was clear it couldn’t just be that. It would become a tiny people movie as opposed to a “Toy Story” film. There’s a ton of adventure in it. I think of it as, “Raiders of the Lost Ark” isn’t a love story but it has that great romantic element in it.”
Producer Jonas Rivera adds, “She represented something that would challenge his place in the world, and just lean into that. It was almost like a “Lady and the Tramp” analogy, one’s out in the world, “Why wouldn’t you want all this?” The other just wants to be at home. Woody is that. So [Bo] became this catalyst. All this change she’s done over the years, we thought she had the potential to change more than anything ever has.”
Woody’s worst fear, to be a lost toy, has always permeated the film’s storylines. For Bo Peep to become the thing Woody has always feared was an interesting proposition for the crew of “Toy Story 4”.
“We rallied around the idea of just keeping Bo as a [really] special and unique standout character that didn’t fall into tropes or anything that you typically see in an action film. It was very important to us that Bo had a different world view than Woody,” says Producer Mark Nielsen.
In fact, Bo Peep is so critical to this movie that in the end, I won’t be surprised if she has a huge effect on this franchise, even if it ends with “Toy Story 4” or continues on in the future.
As Cooley adds, “If you were to ask Woody as a character, ‘What was the biggest moment of your life?’ He would say, ‘It’s when I met Bo Peep for the second time.’ And that was our goal with this film, to make this meeting with her so powerful that it was deserving of “Toy Story 4”.”
So, “Toy Story 4” brings in these new and evolved characters to bring new motivation to these toys, and a new understanding of the world around them. I, like Pixar and many fans, hope that this leads to a wonderful conclusion to the story of Woody and the gang, a journey that began in 1995.
andybuzzDisneyhammToy Storywoody
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THE 2020 CENSUS IS THE BASIS OF DEFINING CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS & DISTRIBUTION OF FEDERAL PROGRAM FUNDS EQUITABLY
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Derek Kilmer
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Derek is proud to be a defender of our clean air and water, an advocate for our National Parks, and a champion of restoring Puget Sound.
As someone who grew up in our region, Derek understands how important our waters are to our region. Serving on the Interior and Environment Appropriations Subcommittee, Derek has successfully fought against the Trump Administration’s efforts to drill off of Washington’s coast as well as the administration’s proposed elimination of all federal funding for Puget Sound recovery and for salmon restoration. Derek is co-founder of the Congressional Puget Sound Recovery Caucus, a group of representatives focused on the restoration of Puget Sound.
Derek has been a leader in the effort to combat climate change and ocean acidification. Derek believes that it’s time for our representatives in DC to stand up to the special interests and recognize that climate change is real and requires bold action. Derek is part of the Climate Solutions Caucus and sponsored the Climate Action Now Act to prevent America’s withdrawal from the Paris Climate Agreement. Derek has introduced legislation to address changes in the ocean’s chemistry (known as ocean acidification) which threaten the region’s shellfish industry and fisheries. He’s also sponsored the Tribal Coastal Resiliency Act to help our region’s tribes address the impacts of climate change on their homelands.
Derek has also been active in supporting our national parks and sponsored a bill to reduce the maintenance backlog in our park system. For that work, Derek received the National Park Heritage Award from the National Parks Conservation Association.
Derek believes that economic growth and environmental protection are not mutually exclusive, and that a thoughtful approach to stewardship is a necessity for the long-term environmental and economic sustainability of our communities.
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What “Rogue One” teaches us about how to resist Empire
December 22, 2016 December 22, 2016 derricklweston
(This post contains spoilers for “Rogue One: A Star Wars Story”. Do not proceed if you do not want to know key points of the film)
If there is one thing about which I am not shy, it is my love of Star Wars. In fact, it is one of my favorite topics. The latest entry in the saga, “Rogue One: A Star Wars Story” is the first standalone film that does not connect directly to the larger saga of the Skywalker/Solo clan. It is the story summarized in the opening crawl of the original film:
Rebel spaceships, striking
from a hidden base, have won
their first victory against
the evil Galactic Empire.
During the battle, Rebel
spies managed to steal secret
plans to the Empire's
ultimate weapon, the DEATH
STAR, an armored space
station with enough power
to destroy an entire planet
These couple of lines of text are fleshed out into a thrilling film, that gains momentum with each scene until a third act that might be the most impressive of any Star Wars film. It’s a tight film that wastes no time with “B” stories as, in a way, it is itself a “B” story. The characters are given just enough screen time to get at their motivations and personalities and the visuals are stunning, especially in the aforementioned third act. And though many people have had issues with it, I was impressed with the computer generated resurrection of Peter Cushing as Grand Moff Tarkin and the quick replication of a much younger Carrie Fisher in her iconic role as Princess Leia.
The film on its own merits is stunning, but in this era where many of us are thinking through what it means to be on side of justice, it also gives us some helpful illustrations of the ways that empire works and what makes for an effective rebellion. I’m sure I’ll have some additional thoughts after my inevitable second (and third… and let’s be honest, fourth) viewing but here’s what I think we can take away right now.
Coalitions: The first half of the film centers largely on finding Galen Erso, a scientist who has been instrumental in the development of the Death Star and who also has sympathies and connections to the burgeoning rebel alliance. Galen’s daughter is Jyn, the film’s main protagonist. Jyn is recruited by the rebel alliance to find Saw Guerrerra, a rebel considered too militant by the more politically-minded leadership of the rebel alliance. Jyn becomes the bridge between the more radical Guerrera and the senators and officials who make up the alliance.
One of the things I have noticed since the election is how fractured the progressive movement is in this country. We disagree on priorities. We privilege our own identity politics above the needs of other marginalized groups. We differ on tactics and strategy. We do all of this to our own detriment and to the detriment of the causes we claim to champion. Effective rebellions are coalitions of people from differing backgrounds and perspective coming together to effect change. We have to recognize that we need the people who know how to work within the system and those who fight the system from the outside. We need the pragmatists and the radicals. We need King and Malcolm X (that’s an oversimplification of both men, but you get my point). We need the resourced supporters and the grassroots activists. The challenges ahead of us are too big to rely on any one tactic exclusively. We need each other in the days ahead and that will mean putting some egos on the shelf for the sake of common goals.
Faith – While “hope” was the common refrain of the film, a more subtle aspect of the story is faith. While we’re used to seeing the Jedi and the Sith use the force to do incredible feats of strength, “Rogue One” gives us a scenario where we see the cult of the force as a folk religion. Jyn’s mother Lyra places a shard of kyber crystal, the same substance used to power both lightsabers and the Death Star’s laser, around Jyn’s neck before they separate. She tells Jyn to “trust the force” in the same way that we might tell someone in a similarly desperate situation to trust that God will be with them. It is Jyn herself who utters the iconic line “May the Force Be with us”, both as a rallying cry and as an act of faith as the team prepares to go on their deadly mission.
The film also gives us two extraordinary characters in the form of Chirrut Imwe and Baze Malbus. The two have served as guardians of the Whills, former attendants and protectors of a Jedi temple that is now being ravaged by the empire. Chirrut is a devotee of the Force, constantly reciting the mantra “I am one with the Force, the Force is with me”. Baze, on the other hand, we’re told was once the most devoted of guardians, but has lost his faith in recent years, likely because of what the empire has done to the temple. While he seems to have become somewhat agnostic, at least until the very end, he remains devoted to the cause and the mission largely because of Chirrut’s faith.
Resistance movements need a moral base and compass. Movements need spirituality. It doesn’t need to be any particular faith, but it needs to be so deeply rooted that even the agnostics and non-believers will be moved by the conviction of the faithful. The civil rights movement in this country was energized by black church leaders who felt as much of a spiritual conviction as they did a political one. I believe the days ahead will require an interfaith coalition of people dedicated to justice who are dedicated to something larger than themselves and use their convictions to galvanize people to act.
Sacrifice – (I mentioned that there would be spoilers, right?) There is a moment in the third act when K-2SO, the sarcastic former imperial droid is helping the rebels to get the plans and is overrun by Stormtroopers. He fights them off as best he can, as he continues to go about his mission, but he is eventually overpowered by the surging troops. K-2SO is the first of the main characters to “die” and with his fate it becomes pretty clear: none of our heroes are walking out of this thing alive. One by one the protagonists meet their fates in heroic fashion. I will admit to being teary eyed as Jyn Erso and Cassian Andor hold each other on the beach as the approaching shockwave from the Death Star’s blast overtakes them. They die knowing that they’ve done what they can for the rebellion, that they’ve remained faithful to their comrades and to their convictions, and that they were on the right side of history.
Talib Kweli has a line in his song “Rocket Ships”: They saying that we need a revolution but their passion is reduced to all caps on a computer. A real resistance movement requires genuine sacrifice. It could be sacrifice of status or wealth. It almost always means sacrifice of time and energy. It could mean sacrifice of relationships. For some it will mean physical sacrifice as we put ourselves in between the mechanisms of empire and those who are most vulnerable. To truly be on the side of the hurting means that we have to stand up to the powers that be even when that stand comes at great risk to ourselves. It requires courage. It requires faith. And it requires the belief that you’ve been a part of something that can truly outlive and outlast the individual. This is what movements of rebellion are all about.
“Rogue One” was a phenomenal movie, not just for the ways that it expanded the Star Wars universe, but for the ways that it inspires us to think about what this world needs to push back against the forces of domination and oppression. Ultimately it asks us if we’re willing to do what it takes to be on the side of love and freedom. What are we willing to risk to fight the forces of fear? These are tough questions, but ones that transcend the world of fantasy. We cannot simply escape into the rebellion of a long time ago in a galaxy far, far, away. We need to join the rebellion that is forming today.
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One thought on “What “Rogue One” teaches us about how to resist Empire”
ggbolt16 says:
I wish we could have more times around a garden drinking beer and talking about stuff.
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I always loved to dance. By age eleven, I convinced my parents to let me take dance lessons. My father insisted that I take from a male teacher and that it had to be a ballet/tap combination because he was afraid I would turn out gay. That was surprising because I had already come out gay to them when I was nine years old. Regardless, I began my training with Jon Zerby (father of the actress Kim Darby whose original name was Derby Zerby) at a dance studio in North Hollywood. After a few years, I auditioned for a local classical ballet school/company in Burbank and was offered a full scholarship. Having seen Romeo and Juliet with Margot Fonteyn and Rudolph Nureyev, I desperately wanted to dance classical ballet. I was sixteen years old and able to drive so I could take classes seven days a week. I took lessons and danced with the classical school for about seven years. Although their goal was to launch a classical ballet company in Los Angeles, it never happened and I went on my own. In some ways, I was already too old for many dance jobs but I did get some. By my late twenties, it was obvious that jobs were going to younger guys so I retired from dance to work as an engineer. Unfortunately, the engineering world was not ready for an openly gay worker and it did not go well. By my mid thirties, I took up ballet again and opened my own dance school and Capezio dancewear store in Redding California. Again, and unfortunately, after a few years anti-gay forces in Redding destroyed the business and I left the ballet world in my late thirties. Still having the desire to dance, I took up ballroom and country dancing in my mid-forties and founded a Los Angeles based same-gender dance troupe that performed all over Southern California.
Below is a summary listing of my prominent dance experiences from most recent all the way back to my teens. I hope you enjoy.
Out Dancing Ballroom (ODB), Los Angeles, CA (2000-2006)
I founded and directed the world’s only same-gender couple dance troupe of 18 dancers who performed at every gay pride event and rodeo in Southern California and Nevada. The goal was to expose the LGBT community to the delights of ballroom dancing and to normalize LGBT people to the non-gay community. The troupe performed the waltz, cha cha, west coast swing, east coast swing, tango, meringue, hustle, and western two-step in fully choreographed and costumed numbers. ODB also performed on a cruise liner for audiences of 900 (mostly straight) people who whooped and hollered in fun to the numbers (although a few people walked out in disgust). It was fun but hard work when you consider that in ballroom dancing the leader and followers do different steps and the orientation of many of the steps changes depending where you are located on stage. Thus, you can’t just teach the same exact step to all dancers.
Click here for photos, videos and more about Out Dancing Ballroom.
Charles Stewart Dance Institute, Redding, CA (1987-90)
Owner-Manager school of dance school and Capezio dance wear retail store. I taught ballet and traditional jazz. Other teachers were hired to teach hip-hop, aerobics, belly dancing, and ballroom dancing. Formed and directed 501(c)3 non-profit regional dance company—Redding Dance Theater. Published quarterly dance publication—Gotta Dance. Wrote entire bookkeeping computer programs for the business utilizing Microsoft Excel. Produced, choreographed, and performed a regional California Miss America Pageant (1988).
I truly enjoyed creating the dance studio and teaching classes. Market research revealed that Redding could easily accommodate a third dance studio and there was no dancewear supply store. I designed the studio in an art-deco style with imported vinyl flooring, two permanently mounted video cameras to allow students to record their lesson, and continually showed ballet videos on the four televisions mounted in the store and waiting areas. After just 2 years after the studio and Capezio store opened I was breaking even. However, two problems occurred. The subflooring began to soften and the landlord simply filled the holes with cement. The floor became un-danceable. Also, I came down with hepatitis B (from my acupuncturist) and was sick for a month. Although the employees continued operating the store and I had teachers cover for me, the other dance studios in town spread the rumor that I had AIDS. I threatened the other teachers and the community college to stop spreading the lies but it was too late. No children showed up for class and sales at the retail store dropped to zero. This was in the late ‘80s and there was great fear of AIDS. People were willing to drive 2 hours to San Francisco or Sacramento for their dance supplies instead of buying them at the only store in town. They were afraid that I would sweat on their child and the merchandise in the store was tainted with the virus. As a private business, I could not force people to buy dancewear from me or attend classes. Three months of zero sales and discouraging reports from the only two adult students to return made it obvious that the business was doomed. Reluctantly, I closed both the studio and dancewear store in 1990.
(If any dancer from this time period has access to photographs or videos from the Miss America Pageant or other shows we did, please let me know. I would love to include them on this site.)
Click here to read past issues of Gotta Dance, see photos of the studio construction and opening, and photos from the Miss American rehearsal.
California Dance Company, Los Angeles, CA (1978-1980)
Principal dancer. Company worked in conjunction with Paramount Studios to provide ballets for laser disks of classical music. Company was founded and run by Paul Shipton and Ralph Ziegler with Goldie Hawn on the board of directors and El Gabriel as primary choreographer. This was one of my best dance experiences. I felt the choreography was inspired.
(If any dancer from this time period has access to photographs or videos from the shows we did at Golden West College, please let me know. I would love to include them on this site.)
Professional Dancer (1976-1980)
Guest dancer with many ballet companies across the U.S. including performing as the Cavalier in the Nutcracker pas de deux for CBS. Taught pas de deux at Joffrey Ballet in the summer of 1979, and worked at the MGM in Hooray for Hollywood.
Click here to see photos and video.
Principal dancer and business manager. 501(c)3 California non-profit corporation. Company of 16 dancers. Also helped secured funding and coordinate tours. After years of struggle, the company closed soon after I left.
Over the years I have written a number of articles pertaining to dance. You are welcome to download these and use them in a classroom setting.
Directing a Dance Troupe and Choreography Tips Download for Free!
Why Boys Don’t Dance Download for Free!
Gotta Dance! Articles Download for Free!
Ballet Cults: Every Parent’s Worry Download for Free!
In my career as a professional ballet dancer, I met many dancers who also came from cults. They told tales of intrigue, lies, psychological manipulation, social isolation, and sometime sexual abuse and more. I found ballet and dance cults in every city I visited. I found a trail of damaged lives.
The Ballet Cult Project wants to collect stories from dancers all over the United States detailing their cultic experience. If sufficient stories are collected, perhaps a publisher could be found to bring this important information to the public. You can participate! Come share your story!
For more details and article, click here.
In the 1970s and early 1980s, I manufactured a foot prosthetic that gave the illusion that a foot pointed better than it really did. I had lousy looking feet. They would point straight but not bend slightly over in the desired curve. Ballet classes seven days a week for decades, putting all my weight on the top of my foot to try and bend it over, and more did nothing. Regardless of teachers’ claim they can form your body into anything, it is not true. Each of us has a genetic disposition that limits how far the body will bend. Some dancers feet will not curve over into the desired shape regardless of how much effort or desire they have.
Below is a photograph of the desired bend in a ballet dancer’s foot. The next photo shows a foot being stretched.
I made a prosthetic that slipped over the foot putting a layer of rubber at the top of the foot. When the foot pointed, a bump showed that gave the impression the foot was curving more than it could. Before I made Foot Points, many of us dancers resorted to cutting up women bras for the cushion cup to cut to shape and tape to the top of the foot. I sold hundreds of these to appreciative dancers who were frustrated by their feet. I never really made any money with these and ceased production in the mid-1980s. Many dancers wrote to me to beg me to keep making them. Often my friends jokingly referred to Foot Points as “Foot Falsies.” There are a number of companies that now make a similar device such as ‘Fake Arch’ shown below. Guess I was ahead of my time.
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117.105(4m)(e)1.a. a. The number of school board members under s. 120.01 or 120.41.
117.105(4m)(e)1.b. b. The terms of initial members of the school board under s. 120.02 (3) (a).
117.105(4m)(e)1.c. c. The method of election of school board members under s. 120.06 or 120.42.
117.105(4m)(e)2. 2. A village that adopts a resolution under subd. 1. shall submit the resolution to the eligible unified school district.
117.105(4m)(e)3. 3. If a majority of the votes cast in the referendum held under par. (d) is in favor of the creation of the proposed school district, after receiving a resolution under subd. 2., the school board of the eligible unified school district shall make and file an order of school district reorganization under s. 117.17 (2). In the order, the school board shall designate that the first election of school board members of the newly created school district shall occur at the regularly scheduled spring election immediately following the date on which the order is filed with the board. The reorganization shall take effect on the July 1 described in the resolution adopted by the village board under s. 115.999 (2m) (c).
117.105(4m)(f) (f) Subsections (1) to (4) and ss. 117.14 and 117.15 do not apply to a reorganization under this subsection.
117.105(5) (5) Applicability. This section does not apply to a reorganization that would result in the creation of a school district that has the same boundaries that an existing school district would have if territory were detached from one or more other school districts and attached to the existing school district under s. 117.12, 117.13 or 117.132 unless the existing school district operates only elementary grades.
117.105(6) (6) Limitation on further reorganization. No school district created by a reorganization under this section may consolidate with another school district under s. 117.08 or 117.09, or have all of its territory attached to another school district under s. 117.10, 117.11 or 117.132, within 10 years after the effective date of the reorganization under this section. This subsection does not apply if the school district was created by detaching territory from a single school district, and the consolidation under s. 117.08 or 117.09 or the attachment under s. 117.10, 117.11 or 117.132 will consolidate the school district with, or reattach its territory to, the school district from which its territory was detached by the reorganization which created the school district.
117.105 History History: 1997 a. 286; 2001 a. 30; 2017 a. 59.
117.11 117.11 Detachment and attachment of large territory.
117.11(1)(1) Application. This section applies to the detachment of territory from one school district and its attachment to an adjoining school district if one of the following applies:
117.11(1)(a) (a) The assessed value of the territory proposed to be detached from one school district and attached to an adjoining school district, divided by the assessment ratio of the taxation district, is equal to or greater than 7 percent of the equalized valuation of the school district from which the territory is proposed to be detached.
117.11(1)(b) (b) Seven percent or more of the enrollment of the school district from which the territory is proposed to be detached resides in the territory proposed to be detached from that school district.
117.11(2) (2) Initiation of procedures. A majority of the electors residing in territory proposed to be detached from one school district and attached to an adjoining school district, or owners of more than 50 percent of the territory proposed to be detached from one school district and attached to an adjoining school district, as measured by its assessed valuation divided by the assessment ratio of the taxation district, may file a written petition with the clerk of the school district in which the territory is located requesting the detachment of the territory from that school district and its attachment to an adjoining school district. The petition shall include a description of the territory sufficiently accurate to determine its location in the school district in which it is located, as certified by the clerk of each city, town or village within which all or part of the territory is located, and the number of pupils residing in that territory who, on the most recent of the preceding 3rd Friday of September or 2nd Friday of January, were enrolled in the school district from which the territory is proposed to be detached, as certified by the clerk of that school district. Upon receipt of the petition, the school district clerk shall send a certified notice of the petition to the school board of the school district to which the territory is proposed to be attached and to the secretary of the board.
117.11(3) (3) School board action. In the first July beginning after receipt of a petition under sub. (2), the school boards of the affected school districts may order the territory detached from the school district in which it is located and attached to the adjoining school district by the adoption, by each of those school boards, of a resolution ordering the detachment and attachment. Failure of a school board to adopt a resolution either ordering or denying the detachment and attachment before August 1 constitutes a denial of the reorganization by that school board. The school district clerk of each school board that adopts a resolution ordering or denying the reorganization under this subsection shall, within 5 days after the adoption of the resolution, send a certified copy of the resolution to the school board of the other affected school district and file a certified copy of the resolution as provided under s. 117.17 (2). If the school board of each affected school district adopts a resolution ordering the detachment and attachment, the reorganization shall take effect on the July 1 following the adoption of the resolutions, unless a referendum is required under sub. (4).
117.11(4) (4) Referendum.
117.11(4)(a)(a) A referendum on the proposed reorganization shall be held if one of the following occurs before the 2nd Tuesday of September following the adoption of a resolution under sub. (3):
117.11(4)(a)1. 1. The school board of either affected school district directs the holding of a referendum.
117.11(4)(a)2. 2. A petition conforming to the requirements of s. 8.40 requesting a referendum, signed by at least 10 percent of the electors who reside in either affected school district, is filed with the clerk of the school district from which the territory is proposed to be detached. The validity of the petition shall be governed by the rules promulgated under s. 8.40 (3).
117.11(4)(b) (b) If a referendum is directed or a petition requesting a referendum is filed under par. (a), the school district clerk of the school board adopting the resolution or the school district clerk receiving the petition shall immediately notify the school board of the other affected school district, the secretary of the board and the clerk of each city, village or town, any part of which is contained within an affected school district. The referendum shall be held in the affected school districts as provided under s. 117.20. Votes shall be counted separately for each affected school district.
117.11(5) (5) Referendum results. If a majority of the votes cast in each affected school district is in favor of the reorganization, the reorganization shall take effect on the following July 1. At the time of canvassing the returns, the school boards of the affected school districts shall make and file an order of school district reorganization under s. 117.17 (2).
117.11 History History: 1989 a. 114, 192.
117.12 117.12 Detachment and attachment of small territory initiated by owner.
117.12(1)(1) Application. This section applies to the detachment of territory from one school district and its attachment to an adjoining school district if all of the following apply:
117.12(1)(a) (a) The assessed value of the territory proposed to be detached from one school district and attached to an adjoining school district, divided by the assessment ratio of the taxation district, is less than 7 percent of the equalized valuation of the school district from which it is proposed to be detached.
117.12(1)(b) (b) Less than 7 percent of the enrollment of the school district from which the territory is proposed to be detached resides in the territory proposed to be detached from that school district.
117.12(2) (2) Petition. A majority of the electors residing in the territory described under sub. (1) or owners of 50 percent or more of that territory may file a written petition with the clerk of the school district in which the territory is located requesting the detachment of the territory from that school district and its attachment to an adjoining school district. The petition shall include a description of the territory sufficiently accurate to determine its location in the school district in which it is located, as certified by the clerk of each city, town or village within which all or part of the territory is located, and the number of pupils residing in that territory who, on the most recent of the preceding 3rd Friday of September or 2nd Friday of January, were enrolled in the school district from which the territory is proposed to be detached, as certified by the clerk of that school district. Upon receipt of the petition, the school district clerk shall send a certified copy of the petition to the school board of the school district to which the territory is proposed to be attached and to the secretary of the board.
117.12(3) (3) School board action. In the first February beginning after receipt of a petition under sub. (2), the school boards of the affected school districts may order the territory detached from the school district in which it is located and attached to the adjoining school district by the adoption, by each of those school boards, of a resolution ordering the reorganization. Before adopting a resolution under this subsection that grants or denies the reorganization, each school board shall give the electors and owners who signed the petition under sub. (2) an opportunity to meet with the school board to present their reasons for the proposed reorganization. Failure of a school board to adopt a resolution before March 1 either ordering or denying the reorganization constitutes a denial of the reorganization by the school board. The school district clerk of each school board adopting a resolution under this subsection that orders or denies a reorganization shall, within 5 days after the adoption of the resolution, send a certified copy of the resolution to the school board of the other affected school district and file a certified copy of the resolution as provided under s. 117.17 (2). If the school board of each affected school district adopts a resolution ordering the detachment and attachment, the reorganization shall take effect on the following July 1.
117.12(4) (4) Appeal to panel. If the detachment and attachment of territory is denied by either school board under sub. (3), a majority of the electors residing in the territory or the owners of 50 percent or more of the territory may appeal the denial to an appeal panel by filing notice of appeal with the secretary of the board before the March 15 following the denial. The secretary of the board shall send a copy of the notice of appeal to the school board of each affected school district. Except as provided under sub. (5), the appeal panel shall issue an order either affirming the school board's denial of the proposed reorganization or ordering all or any part of the territory described in the petition under sub. (2) detached from the school district in which it is located and attached to the adjoining school district. The order shall be issued before the June 15 following the filing of the notice of appeal. The order shall be in writing, shall include a statement of reasons for the order and shall be filed as provided under s. 117.17 (2). If the appeal panel orders territory detached from one school district and attached to an adjoining school district, the reorganization shall take effect on the following July 1.
117.12(5) (5) Board review.
117.12(5)(a)(a) If more than one appeal to detach territory from a single school district is filed under sub. (4) before March 15 and any of the following applies, the board shall review all of those appeals:
117.12(5)(a)1. 1. The total assessed valuation of the territory proposed to be detached under the appeals, divided by the assessment ratio of the taxation district, is equal to or greater than 7 percent of the equalized valuation of the school district from which the territory is proposed to be detached.
117.12(5)(a)2. 2. The total number of pupils residing in the territory proposed to be detached under the appeals who, on the most recent of the preceding 3rd Friday of September or 2nd Friday of January, were enrolled in the school district from which the territory is proposed to be detached is equal to or greater than 7 percent of that school district's enrollment.
117.12(5)(am) (am) In addition to reviewing appeals described under par. (a), the board shall review an appeal if any of the following applies:
117.12(5)(am)1. 1. The assessed valuation of the territory proposed to be detached under the appeal, divided by the assessment ratio of the taxation district, when added to the total assessed valuation of all territory detached from that school district in the 2 years preceding the date on which the petition was filed under sub. (2), divided by the appropriate assessment ratios, is equal to or greater than 2 percent of the school district's equalized valuation.
117.12(5)(am)2. 2. The number of pupils residing in the territory proposed to be detached under the appeal who are included in the enrollment of the school district from which the territory is proposed to be detached, when added to the number of pupils who resided in territory detached from that school district, and were included in previous enrollments of that school district, in the 2 years preceding the date on which the petition was filed under sub. (2), constitute 2 percent or more of the school district's enrollment.
117.12(5)(b) (b) The secretary of the board shall notify the school board of each affected school district and each owner or elector who signed the notice of appeal under sub. (4) that the appeal or appeals will be reviewed by the board under this subsection rather than by an appeal panel under sub. (4). The board shall issue an order either affirming the school boards' denial of all or any of the proposed reorganizations under par. (a) or the proposed reorganization under par. (am) or ordering all or any part of the territory described in all or any of the petitions under sub. (2) or included in the appeal filed under par. (am) detached from the school district in which it is located and attached to an adjoining school district. In addition to the criteria under s. 117.15, in making its decision the board also shall consider the effect that the proposed detachments under par. (a), taken as a whole, will have on the school district from which the territory is proposed to be detached, or the cumulative effect on that school district of the proposed detachment under par. (am). The board's order shall be issued before the June 15 following the filing of the notice of appeal. The order shall be in writing, shall include a statement of reasons for the order and shall be filed as provided under s. 117.17 (2). If the board orders territory detached from one school district and attached to an adjoining school district, the reorganization shall take effect on the following July 1.
117.12 Annotation Sub. (1) allows the detachment of “island" parcels from school districts that adjoin. A detached parcel need not adjoin the school district to which it is attached. Stockbridge School Dist. v. DPI, 202 Wis. 2d 214, 550 N.W.2d 96 (1996), 94-1867.
117.13 117.13 Detachment and attachment of small territory initiated by school boards.
117.13(1)(a) (a) The assessed value of the territory proposed to be detached from one school district and attached to an adjoining school district, divided by the assessment ratio of the taxation district, is less than 7 percent of the equalized valuation of the school district from which the territory is proposed to be detached.
117.13(2) (2) School board action. The school boards of 2 adjoining school districts may order territory detached from one of the school districts and attached to the other school district by the adoption, by each of the school boards, of a resolution ordering the detachment and attachment. The resolution shall include a description of the territory sufficiently accurate to determine its location in the school district in which it is located, as certified by the clerk of each city, village or town within which all or any part of the territory is located, and the number of pupils residing in that territory who, on the most recent of the preceding 3rd Friday of September or 2nd Friday of January, were enrolled in the school district from which the territory is proposed to be detached, as certified by the clerk of that school district. Prior to adopting a resolution under this subsection, the school board of each affected school district shall give the electors residing in and the owners of the territory notice of the proposed reorganization and an opportunity to meet with the school board to present reasons for or against the proposed reorganization. The school district clerk of each school board that adopts a resolution under this subsection shall, within 5 days after adopting the resolution, send a certified copy of the resolution to the school board of the other affected school district and file a certified copy of the resolution as provided under s. 117.17 (2). If the school board of each of the affected school districts adopts a resolution ordering the detachment and attachment, the reorganization shall take effect on the first July 1 after the March 1 following the adoption of the resolutions, unless an appeal is filed under sub. (3).
117.13(3) (3) Appeal to panel. A majority of the electors residing in or the owners of 50 percent or more of the territory detached from one school district and attached to an adjoining school district under sub. (2) may appeal the reorganization to an appeal panel by filing notice of appeal with the secretary of the board before the first March 15 following the adoption of the resolution under sub. (2). The secretary of the board shall send a copy of the notice of appeal to the school board of each affected school district. If an appeal is filed under this subsection, the appeal panel shall issue an order detaching all or any part of the territory described in the resolution adopted under sub. (2) from the school district in which it is located and attaching it to the adjoining school district, or denying the reorganization. The order shall be issued before the June 15 following the filing of the notice of appeal. The order shall be in writing, shall include a statement of reasons for the order and shall be filed as provided under s. 117.17 (2). If the appeal panel affirms the school boards' order, the reorganization shall take effect on the following July 1.
117.13 History History: 1989 a. 114.
117.132 117.132 Territory annexed to certain municipalities.
117.132(1)(1) Application. This section applies to the proposed attachment to a school district of territory that is located wholly in a county with a population of more than 325,000 and less than 750,000.
117.132(1m) (1m) Definitions. In this section:
117.132(1m)(a) (a) “Annexed" means annexed or attached under s. 66.0217, 66.0219, 66.0221, 66.0223, 66.0225, 66.0227, 66.0301 (6), or 66.0307.
117.132(1m)(b) (b) “Less than 50 percent of the land in the annexed territory is developed" means that on the date of annexation, less than 50 percent of the land in the annexed territory, as measured by geographic area, is occupied by permanent improvements, including buildings, streets, sidewalks, parking lots, driveways, sewers or utilities, or is incidental to such improvements.
117.132(1m)(c) (c) “Municipality" means any city or village any portion of which is located in a county that has a population of more than 325,000 and less than 750,000.
117.132(1m)(d) (d) “Municipal school district" means a school district whose territory includes more than 50 percent of the territory of a municipality, as measured by geographic area.
117.132(2) (2) Initiation of procedures.
117.132(2)(a)(a) If territory is annexed to a municipality, the territory is not included in the municipal school district and less than 50 percent of the land in the annexed territory is developed, the school board of the municipal school district may adopt a resolution requesting the school board of the school district in which the annexed territory is located to meet with it to discuss the detachment of the annexed territory from the school district in which it is located and its attachment to the municipal school district. The resolution shall include a description of the territory sufficiently accurate to determine its location in the school district in which it is located, as certified by the clerk of the annexing municipality. The clerk of the municipal school district shall send a certified copy of the resolution to the school board of the school district in which the annexed territory is located, to all owners of territory located in the annexed territory and to the secretary of the board.
117.132(2)(b) (b) If territory is annexed to a municipality and the territory is not included in the municipal school district, the owners of more than 50 percent of the annexed territory, as measured by its assessed valuation divided by the assessment ratio of the taxation district, may file a written petition with the clerk of the school district in which the territory is located requesting the detachment of the annexed territory from the school district in which it is located and its attachment to the municipal school district. The petition shall include a description of the territory sufficiently accurate to determine its location in the school district in which it is located, as certified by the clerk of the annexing municipality. Upon receipt of the petition, the school district clerk shall send a certified copy of the resolution to the school board of the municipal school district, to all owners of territory located in the annexed territory and to the secretary of the board.
117.132(3) (3) School board action. In the first July beginning after the adoption of a resolution under sub. (2) (a) or the receipt of a petition under sub. (2) (b), the school boards of the affected school districts may order the territory detached from the school district in which it is located and attached to the municipal school district by the adoption, by each of the school boards, of a resolution ordering the detachment and attachment. Failure of a school board to adopt a resolution before August 1 either ordering or denying the detachment and attachment constitutes a denial of the reorganization by that school board. The school district clerk of each school board adopting a resolution under this subsection that orders or denies the reorganization shall, within 5 days after adopting the resolution, send a certified copy of the resolution to the school board of the other affected school district and to each of the owners of territory in the annexed territory and file a certified copy of the resolution as provided under s. 117.17 (2). If the school board of each affected school district adopts a resolution under this subsection ordering the detachment and attachment, the reorganization shall take effect on the following July 1.
117.132(4) (4) Board review.
117.132(4)(a)(a) The board shall review a reorganization proposed under this section if one of the following occurs:
117.132(4)(a)1. 1. Less than 50 percent of the land in the annexed territory is developed, one of the school boards under sub. (3) adopts a resolution ordering the reorganization, the other school board denies the reorganization and, before the following September 1, either of the school boards files a petition with the secretary of the board requesting board review of the proposed reorganization.
117.132(4)(a)2. 2. Before the September 1 following the granting or denying of the proposed reorganization under sub. (3), the owners of more than 50 percent of the annexed territory, as measured by its assessed valuation divided by the assessment ratio of the taxation district, file a petition with the secretary of the board requesting board review of the proposed reorganization.
117.132(4)(b) (b) If a petition requesting review is filed under par. (a) 1., the secretary of the board shall immediately notify the school board of the other affected school district and each of the owners of territory in the annexed territory. If a petition requesting review is filed under par. (a) 2., the secretary of the board shall immediately notify the school board of each affected school district. Before the following January 15, the board shall issue an order either affirming the denial of the proposed reorganization or detaching all or part of the annexed territory described in the resolution or petition under sub. (2) from the school district in which it is located and attaching it to the municipal school district. The board's order shall be in writing, shall include a statement of reasons for the order and shall be filed as provided under s. 117.17 (2). If the board orders territory detached from the school district in which it is located and attached to the municipal school district, the reorganization shall take effect on the following July 1.
117.132 History History: 1989 a. 114; 1991 a. 269; 1999 a. 150; 2007 a. 43; 2017 a. 207 s. 5.
117.14 117.14 Appeal to court.
117.14(1)(1) Any person aggrieved by the denial of a consolidation under s. 117.08 (2) or 117.09 (2), the granting of a detachment and attachment of territory under s. 117.11 (3) or any order of the board or an appeal panel under this chapter may, within 30 days after copies of the order are filed with the secretary of the board under s. 117.17 (2), appeal the order to a circuit court as follows:
117.14(1)(a) (a) If the order is issued under ss. 117.08, 117.09 or 117.10, the appeal shall be filed with the circuit court of any county in which any territory of any affected school district is located.
117.14(1)(b) (b) If the order is issued under ss. 117.105 to 117.132, the appeal shall be filed with the circuit court of any county in which any of the territory proposed to be detached from one school district and attached to, or included in, another school district is located or with the circuit court of any county in which any territory of the school district to which the territory is proposed to be attached, or the school district that is proposed to be created, is located.
117.14(1m) (1m) Any person aggrieved by an order resolving a boundary dispute under s. 117.35 (3) may, within 30 days after copies of the order are filed with the secretary of the board under s. 117.17 (2), appeal the order to circuit court. The appeal shall be filed with the circuit court of any county in which any portion of the disputed territory is located.
117.14(2) (2) A person appealing under this section shall serve a written notice of appeal stating specifically the grounds upon which the appeal is based on the secretary of the board and file the notice with the clerk of the circuit court.
117.14 History History: 1989 a. 114, 287; 1997 a. 286; 1999 a. 18.
117.15 117.15 Criteria for school district reorganizations. In making any decision under ss. 117.08 to 117.132, a school board, the board and an appeal panel shall consider the following factors as they affect the educational welfare of all of the children residing in all of the affected school districts, and may consider other appropriate factors:
117.15(1) (1) The geographical and topographical characteristics of the affected school districts, including the estimated travel time to and from school for pupils in the school districts.
117.15(2) (2) The educational needs of all of the children residing in the affected school districts, the educational programs currently offered by each affected school district and the ability and commitment of each school district to meet those needs and continue to offer those educational programs.
117.15(2m) (2m) If territory is proposed to be detached from one school district and attached to an adjoining school district or proposed to be included in a new school district under s. 117.105, whether the proposed detachment will have any adverse effect on the program currently offered by the school district from which the territory is proposed to be detached, including both curricular and extracurricular aspects of that program.
117.15(3) (3) The testimony of and written statements filed by the residents of the affected school districts.
117.15(4) (4) The estimated fiscal effect of the proposed reorganization on the affected school districts, including the effect of the apportionment of assets and liabilities.
117.15(5) (5) Whether the proposed reorganization will make any part of a school district's territory noncontiguous.
117.15(6) (6) The socioeconomic level and racial composition of the pupils who reside or will reside in territory proposed to be detached from one school district and attached to an adjoining school district, in territory proposed to be included in a new school district under s. 117.105 or in school districts proposed to be consolidated or in a school district proposed to be dissolved; the proportion of the pupils who reside in such territory who are children at risk, as defined under s. 118.153 (1) (a); and the effect that the pupils described in this paragraph will have on the present and future socioeconomic level and racial composition of the affected school districts and on the proportion of the affected school districts' enrollments that will be children at risk.
117.15(7) (7) The results of any referendum held under s. 117.10.
117.15 History History: 1989 a. 114, 287; 1997 a. 286.
117.15 Annotation On review of a decision under this section, the only issues to be considered are whether the reorganization authority acted within its jurisdiction and whether the determination was arbitrary and capricious. While an authority is bound to consider all the factors enumerated in this section, it may consider information from other sources, including matters within its knowledge and expertise. School District of Waukesha v. School District Boundary Appeal Board, 201 Wis. 2d 109, 548 N.W.2d 122 (Ct. App. 1996), 95-0905.
117.17 117.17 Reorganization order.
117.17(1)(1) Contents; effective date.
117.17(1)(a)(a) Every order of school district reorganization under s. 117.08, 117.09 or 117.105 that creates a new school district shall state the school districts which are dissolved or from which territory is detached to create the new school district, name the new school district, state the type of school district and the grades to be taught by the new school district pursuant to s. 115.01 (2), (3) and (5), designate the number of school board members under s. 120.01 or 120.41, designate the terms of initial members of the school board under s. 120.02 (3) (a), designate the method of election of school board members under s. 120.06 or 120.42, direct the election of school board members under s. 120.06 or 120.42, insofar as applicable, designate the date of the first election of school board members, as provided under s. 117.22 (2) (b), and fix the time and place for the first annual meeting of the new school district, if one is to be held. The secretary of the board shall give notice of the first annual meeting, if one is to be held, under s. 120.08 (1) (c), and shall designate a person to act as temporary chairperson of the annual meeting until a chairperson is elected.
117.17(1)(b) (b) Every order of school district reorganization under s. 117.10 that dissolves a school district shall state the school district that is dissolved and describe the territory, assets and liabilities of the school district. Every order of school district reorganization issued under s. 117.10 (4) shall describe the territory, assets and liabilities allocated to each other school district under that subsection.
117.17(1)(bm) (bm) Every order of school district reorganization under s. 117.105 shall describe the territory of the school districts from which territory is detached to create the new school district, state the school district created by the order and describe the territory of the school district created by the order.
117.17(1)(c) (c) Every order of school district reorganization under ss. 117.11 to 117.132 shall state the school districts from which any territory is detached and the school district to which any territory is attached and describe the territory.
117.17(1)(d) (d) Every order of school district reorganization and every order under s. 117.35 (3) shall state the date on which it is to take effect. The date shall be as specified under ss. 117.08 to 117.132, 117.27 (1) and 117.35 (3). If an appeal is made to court under s. 117.14, the court may stay enforcement under s. 227.54 of the order if a showing is made that there is substantial probability that the party seeking review will prevail on the merits and will suffer irreparable harm if a stay is not granted.
117.17(2) (2) Filing. A certified copy of any resolution or order granting, affirming or denying a reorganization or resolving a boundary dispute shall be filed, within 5 days after it is adopted or issued, with the secretary of the board. Upon receipt of the resolution or order, the secretary of the board shall immediately place on it the date upon which it was received. If the resolution or order affirms or grants a reorganization or resolves a boundary dispute, within 5 days after receipt of the resolution or order the secretary of the board shall send a certified copy of the resolution or order by certified mail to the following:
/statutes/statutes/117 true statutes /statutes/statutes/117/12/5 Chs. 115-121, Public Instruction statutes/117.12(5) statutes/117.12(5) section true
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Retrieved from "https://events.ccc.de/congress/2017/wiki/index.php/Special:ApiHelp"
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Established Africa
Home Affairs #Elections19: As we wait for the dust to settle
#Elections19: As we wait for the dust to settle
It’s been almost 48 hours since the voting polls closed on 8 May and the whole of South
Africa eagerly awaits the results for the 2019 General Election. This year, the majority of South Africans aren’t wondering who the ruling party will be. The question is centered around the numbers this year. How much power does one have?
The country has come very far. On this day in 1994, the late Nelson Mandela
was inaugurated as the first democratic president of South Africa after the Apartheid era. This in itself shows the significance of elections to every South African glued to their TV and cellphone screens, checking the election updates every hour.
With only 86% of the results finalised as of 13:00 today, it became clear that the top three parties have remained the same this year: ANC, DA and EFF. 5,883 districts and two provinces, Northern Cape and North West, have also finalized their votes with these three parties taking the top spots.
This news may fail to surprise many citizens, however the interesting twist to this plot is the number of votes that they obtained. The ANC has already gained 8 million votes, DA is in second place with 3 million, and the EFF have 10.22% of the votes
of the 86% votes already counted.
It has been predicted that the ruling party may decrease by 8.4% in this year’s elections, as they had 62% in the last elections in 2014. This leaves them with many questions needing answers and journey back to the drawing board with a coalition still in the
bag for them.
The lower results were to be expected since only 65% of registered voters participated in this year’s elections, which is a 73% drop from 2014. Many of those who did not turn out to vote were the youth, who make up the majority of the South African population. Over six million youths did not register to vote in this year’s elections though the issues of unemployment, expensive tertiary education, and the high standard of living in South Africa mostly affect them.
The current results have stepped on some toes. Many minority political parties have boycotted these results already, deeming them unfair and unconstitutional. 14 political parties have vowed to take the Independent Electoral Commission (IEC) to court for displaying ‘bias’.
Additionally, 35 political parties walked away from the IEC’s media briefing to announce the results on Friday afternoon. Nonetheless, one cannot deny the effort that the IEC has made to ensure free and fair elections. They managed to accommodate every voter, even those who had not registered at the places they made their mark on 8 May. Provision was made for all. Moreover, they had a handle on the voting stations that experienced unrest, making sure that all South Africans were given the opportunity to vote even when in unfavourable conditions.
Even in light of the 20 South Africans who tried to cheat the system by voting more than once, the IEC was able to catch these individuals and had them arrested.
With the results due on Saturday, every South African awaits the verdict to another chapter into the country’s democracy.
Previous article#Elections19: What ANC stands for
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Express News: 20-21 November
Know your colours as part of your brand
Tweets by _EstAfrica
Your source of news, analysis and inspiration. A mouthpiece for the people and conduit for change. Spread the word.
Contact us: newsdesk@established.co.za
© Established Africa. All rights reserved.
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Marion, Roan Trivette
roanmarion@hotmail.com
Exploring the role of the pulvinar-cortical interactions in vision: a tale of maps, loops and gates
Malcolm J. Avison, Ph.D. Committee Chair
Mark T. Wallace, Ph.D. Committee Chair
Ford F. Ebner, Ph.D. Committee Member
Troy A. Hackett, Ph.D. Committee Member
Vivien A. Casagrande, Ph.D. Committee Member
Pulvinar
The pulvinar is a dorsal thalamic nucleus strongly associated with the visual system, but of uncertain function. One of the central mysteries of the pulvinar is the direction and quality of the information sent from the cortex to the pulvinar and back along a set of projections called cortico-thalamo-cortical loops. Sherman and Guillery (1998) have proposed a methodology for classifying projections from one brain area to another. They suggest that glutamatergic projections may be classified as either drivers (fast-acting projections conveying the main message) or modulators (slow acting projections that only modify the message). In this thesis, the direction, content and organization of information transmitted through the primate pulvinar was investigated using the bush baby as a model species. Single and multiunit electrophysiological recordings were used to define areas in the pulvinar that contain visuotopic maps. Injections in these electrophysiologically defined areas were used to manipulate the activity of pulvinar cells or deliver neural tract tracers. Single and multiunit recordings were performed in the primary visual cortex (V1) while activity in connected neurons in pulvinar was silenced or increased. Immunohistochemical stains were performed on brain sections and used to in conjunction with light microscopy to analyze morphology in the thalamus and cortex. Our findings indicate that the bush baby visual pulvinar is organized into two complete retinotopic maps. Cells in these mapped areas project to the visual cortex including V1 and the secondary visual cortex (V2). Pulvinar projections to V1 have the anatomical features of modulators while pulvinar projections to V2 have the anatomical features of drivers. The pulvinar can exert a type of strong modulatory control over V1 layer II/III cells that suggests that the pulvinar may gate V1 output. Taken together, these data show that the pulvinar plays an active role in the flow of visual information between cortical areas.
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Fundamental rights - Hungary
I. National Courts
I.1. Courts
I.2. The Constitutional Court
II. National Human Rights Institutions, Ombudsperson
II.1. The Commissioner for Fundamental Rights
II.2. Specialised human rights bodies
II.2.1. The Hungarian National Authority for Data Protection and Freedom of Information
II.2.2. The Equal Treatment Authority
II.2.3. The Independent Police Complaints Board
III. Other
III.1. The Hungarian prosecution service
III.2. Victim support
III.3. Legal aid
I. 1. Courts
1. Tasks
Under the Fundamental Law of Hungary (Hungary’s constitution), the job of the courts is the administration of justice. This means adjudicating in criminal cases and private legal disputes, ruling on the legality of administrative decisions and municipal decrees and establishing whether a local authority has failed to fulfil its statutory legislative obligations. The law may also assign other cases to be decided by a court.
The principles guaranteeing judicial independence are laid down in the Fundamental Law: judges are subject only to the law, they may not be given instructions on their adjudication activities and they may be removed from office only on the grounds and under the procedures specified by law. They may not be members of a political party or engage in political activities.
2. Organisation
In Hungary the task of administering justice is carried out by the Curia (Kúria) of Hungary, the regional courts of appeal, the regional courts, the district courts and the administrative and labour courts.
There is no hierarchical relationship between the various judicial levels. Courts higher in the hierarchy do not have the power to instruct those lower in the hierarchy. Judges hand down their decisions in accordance with the law and their moral convictions.
District courts (járásbíróságok)
Most cases at first instance are heard by district courts. Adjudication in Hungary currently takes place at 111 district courts. The Hungarian term for the district courts in Budapest is “kerületi bíróság”. A total of six unified district courts (egyesített kerületi bíróság) operate in the 23 districts of Budapest. District courts are courts of first instance and are presided over by a president.
Administrative and labour courts
Hungary has 20 administrative and labour courts, which, as their name indicates, deal exclusively with administrative and labour cases. Their primary task is to review administrative decisions and to adjudicate in cases arising from employment relationships and quasi-employment relationships.
Regional courts (törvényszékek)
Regional courts act as courts of first or second instance. A case may be referred to a regional court by one of two methods. One method is when a judgment handed down at first instance (in other words, at a district court or an administrative and labour court) is appealed by an interested party. However, some cases start in a regional court, in which case these courts act as courts of first instance. Procedural laws (the Code of Civil Procedure and Criminal Procedure Act) determine which cases are concerned, for instance on the basis of the size of the amount involved in the case, or whether it constitutes a special case or involves a particularly serious criminal offence. Regional courts have panels, groups and criminal, civil, economic, and administrative and labour divisions operating under the president.
Regional courts of appeal (ítélőtáblák)
The five regional courts of appeal represent a level between the regional courts and the Curia and were created to lessen the burden on the former Supreme Court. Appeals against decisions of the regional courts are adjudicated by the regional courts of appeal. Regional courts of appeal are courts of third instance in criminal cases where a regional court was the court of second instance. Regional courts of appeal have panels and criminal and civil divisions operating under a president.
Curia of Hungary
The Curia is at the top of the judicial hierarchy and is headed by its President. Its most important duty is to establish uniform and consistent judicial practice. The Curia carries out this duty by handing down what are known as uniformity decisions. These decisions provide guidance in terms of principle and are binding on the courts.
The Curia
rules on appeals against decisions of regional courts or regional courts of appeal in cases specified by law:
assesses review requests;
hands down uniformity decisions, which are binding on the courts;
carries out case-law analyses in cases that have been closed and have become final and within this framework investigates and examines the courts’ case-law;
publishes court decisions on principles;
takes decisions on whether municipal decrees conflict with other legislation and are to be annulled;
takes decisions finding a local authority to be in breach of its statutory legislative obligations.
The Curia has panels on adjudication, uniformity decisions, local authorities and the issuing of principles; as well as criminal, civil, and administrative and labour divisions, and groups analysing case-law.
National Office for the Judiciary (Országos Bírósági Hivatal) and National Judicial Council (Országos Bírói Tanács)
The president of the National Office for the Judiciary (NOJ) carries out centralised tasks related to the administration of courts, exercises managerial powers under the courts chapter of the Budget Act and oversees the administrative activities of the presidents of regional courts of appeal and regional courts. The National Judicial Council (NJC), an independent body elected by judges and made up of judges exclusively, is the supervisory board for the centralised administration of courts. In addition to its supervisory tasks, the NJC is also involved in the administration of the courts.
Országos Bírósági Hivatal
Address: 1055 Budapest, Szalay u. 16.
Postal address: 1363 Budapest Pf.: 24.
Telephone: +36 (1) 354 41 00
Fax: +36 (1) 312-4453
Email: obh@obh.birosag.hu
The website of the courts
The Constitutional Court (Alkotmánybíróság) is the main body for the protection of the Fundamental Law. Its duties consist of protecting the democratic rule of law, constitutional order and rights guaranteed by the Fundamental law, safeguarding the internal consistency of the legal system and enforcing the principle of division of powers.
The Constitutional Court was created by the National Assembly in 1989. The Fundamental Law lays down the fundamental rules concerning the duties and the raison d’être of the Constitutional Court, while the main outlines of organisational and procedural rules are contained in the Constitutional Court Act. Detailed rules on procedures of the Constitutional Court are set down in the Rules of Procedure.
The Constitutional Court is a body made up of fifteen members. Its members are elected by the National Assembly by a two-thirds majority with a mandate for twelve years. To become a judge of the Constitutional Court a person must be a distinguished academic lawyer or have at least twenty years of professional experience in a legal field. The president of the Constitutional Court is elected by the National Assembly from among the judges of the Constitutional Court for his or her term as a Constitutional Court judge.
The Constitutional Court sits in plenary, in five-member panels or as a single judge. Decisions on the constitutionality of laws and other major cases are taken by the plenary.
The Office of the Court carries out organisational, operational, administrative and decision-making tasks. The Office is headed by the secretary-general, who is elected by the plenary on a proposal from the president.
Preliminary examination of conformity with the Fundamental Law
The initiator of a law, the Government or the President of the National Assembly may ask the National Assembly to submit an adopted law to the Constitutional Court for constitutional review in order to examine its conformity with the Fundamental Law.
In addition, the President of the Republic is obliged to submit a law adopted by parliament to the Constitutional Court instead of signing it, if he or she considers it or any of its provisions to be contrary to the Fundamental Law, in order for the Court to examine whether it is in conformity with the Fundamental Law. If the Constitutional Court establishes that the law examined is contrary to the Fundamental Law, the law cannot be promulgated.
Ex post review of conformity with the Fundamental Law (ex post review procedure)
This procedure, introduced in 2012, may be initiated by the Government, one quarter of Members of Parliament, the Commissioner for Fundamental Rights, the President of the Curia or the Prosecutor General.
The Constitutional Court annuls any contested provision it finds to be contrary to the Fundamental Law under this procedure.
Initiation of an individual review procedure by a judge
A judge who, when hearing a case, considers that the law to be applied is contrary to the Fundamental Law must ask the Constitutional Court to examine and suspend the proceedings. In a case initiated by a judge, the Constitutional Court may rule that the law or legal provision is contrary to the Fundamental Law and declare it inapplicable in the specific case or even in general.
Constitutional complaints
A constitutional complaint is one of the most important tools for the protection of fundamental rights. It may primarily be used where the complainant’s fundamental rights provided for by the Fundamental Law have been infringed in the course of a court judgment being handed down. Such an infringement may occur in the course of court proceedings relating to the case when a law that is contrary to the Fundamental Law is applied, or if a decision handed down on the merits of the case itself or any other decision concluding the court proceedings is contrary to the Fundamental Law. A constitutional complaint may exceptionally be filed if the complainant’s fundamental rights have been directly infringed in a case without a court decision. The Constitutional Court will then annul any law or judgment it finds to be contrary to the Fundamental Law.
Examination of conflicts with international agreements
Under The Constitutional Court Act, a Hungarian law may be examined for compliance with an international agreement. The procedure may be initiated by one quarter of Members of Parliament, the Government, the Commissioner for Fundamental Rights, the President of the Curia, the Prosecutor General or a judge with regard to the law to be applied in a case.
The Constitutional Court may fully or partially annul any law it finds to be in conflict with an international agreement, and call upon the legislature to take the measures necessary for resolving the conflict before a set deadline.
Additional powers
The Constitutional Court interprets the provisions of the Fundamental Law concerning any specific constitutional issue on a proposal by the National Assembly or its permanent committee, the President of the Republic or the Government, if such interpretation may be derived directly from the Fundamental Law.
Anyone may file a proposal for the Constitutional Court to review a decision by the National Assembly calling a referendum or rejecting the calling of a mandatory referendum.
The National Assembly may dissolve the body of representatives of a local authority or a minority self-government if it operates in a manner that is contrary to the Fundamental Law. Prior to this the Constitutional Court delivers its opinion on the case at the initiative of the Government.
The Constitutional Court conducts the procedure to remove the President of the Republic from office on a proposal from the National Assembly.
The Constitutional Court may decide on questions of conflicts of powers between State bodies and between State and local government bodies.
The Constitutional Court may establish ex officio that a measure is contrary to the Fundamental Law because of a legislative omission, in which case it calls upon the body responsible for the omission to correct it.
Address: 1015 Budapest, Donáti u. 35–45.
Postal address: 1535 Budapest, Pf. 773.
The website of the Constitutional Court
II.1. The Commissioner for Fundamental Rights (Az Alapvető Jogok Biztosa) (a United Nations National Human Rights Institution)
1. The Commissioner for Fundamental Rights
In accordance with the Fundamental Law of Hungary, the National Assembly also adopted the Act on the Commissioner for Fundamental Rights, creating a new, uniform ombudsman system.
The Commissioner for Fundamental Rights is accountable only to Parliament. The Ombudsperson takes independent action in the course of its procedure based exclusively on the Fundamental Law and other laws. The Ombudsperson is elected by two thirds of the votes of the representatives of the National Assembly on a proposal by the President of the Republic for six years and reports annually on their work to the National Assembly.
The Commissioner for Fundamental Rights is eligible for re-election once. Under the Act on the Commissioner for Fundamental Rights, two deputies work alongside the Commissioner for Fundamental Rights: the Deputy Commissioner responsible for the protection of the interests of future generations and the Deputy Commissioner responsible for the protection of the rights of ethnic minorities living in Hungary. The Commissioner elected by the National Assembly proposes the deputies, who are also elected by the National Assembly.
2. Procedure and action
The primary task of the Ombudsperson is to investigate abuses related to fundamental rights and to initiate general or specific measures to remedy them.
Within the limits set by the law governing their powers, the Ombudsperson chooses the action they consider appropriate, which may be:
a recommendation to remedy the abuse related to fundamental rights addressed to the supervisory body overseeing the body that caused the abuse,
a remedy for the abuse initiated with the head of the body concerned,
a proposal for the Constitutional Court procedure,
initiation of a review by the Curia of the compatibility of a municipal decree with other legislation,
through the Prosecutor General, initiation of action to be taken by the prosecution service,
initiation of a procedure to hold a person accountable before the competent body, if the Ombudsman becomes aware of a reasonable suspicion of a minor offence or disciplinary offence having been committed; if the offence is a criminal offence, the procedure must be initiated,
a proposal to amend, repeal or publish legislation or a legal instrument of state administration by a body authorised to legislate or issue legal instruments of state administration,
as a final measure, submission of a case to the National Assembly as part of the annual report.
Any person who considers that the acts or omissions of an authority have breached their fundamental rights or directly threaten to do so may apply to the Commissioner for Fundamental Rights , provided that the person has exhausted all available possibilities for administrative remedies – excluding any judicial reviews of administrative decisions – or has no remedy available.
The Commissioner for Fundamental Rights and the Deputy Commissioners monitor the enforcement of the rights of ethnic minorities living in Hungary and the interests of future generations.
The Commissioner for Fundamental Rights may not examine the activities of the National Assembly, the President of the Republic, the Constitutional Court, the State Audit Office of Hungary or the prosecution service, with the exception of the investigative body of the prosecution service.
The Commissioner may not take action, if
more than a year has passed since the final administrative decision in the case complained of was published,
the procedure started before 23 October 1989,
court proceedings have been brought to review the administrative decision or a final judicial decision has already been handed down,
the person filing the submission has not disclosed their identity and the investigation cannot be conducted without this information.
No one may be discriminated against for having recourse to the Commissioner for Fundamental Rights.
Means of submitting a complaint:
electronically: by using the “Ügyet szeretnék indítani” (I wish to launch a case) item on the menu of the www.ajbh.hu website, or with the help of the “Intelligens űrlap” (Intelligent form) to be found on the website.
by email: panasz@ajbh.hu
in person at the Complaints Office of the Office of the Commissioner for Fundamental Rights (Budapest V. ker., Nádor u. 22.), by making an appointment
by post: Alapvető Jogok Biztosának Hivatala (Office of the Commissioner for Fundamental Rights) 1387 Budapest Pf. 40.
The submission and the procedure conducted by the Commissioner are free of charge. A copy of the documents generated so far in the case and the documents necessary for its assessment should be attached to the submission.
3. Public interest disclosures
Under the Act on complaints and public interest disclosures, as of 1 January 2014 public interest disclosures may also be made through a protected electronic system operated by the Commissioner for Fundamental Rights. Public interest disclosures draw attention to circumstances the remedying or elimination of which serve the interests of the community or society as a whole. A public interest disclosure may also include a recommendation.
Methods of submitting public interest disclosures:
electronically through the protected electronic system (https://www.ajbh.hu/kozerdeku-bejelentes-benyujtasa) or
in person at the Complaints Office of the Office of the Commissioner for Fundamental Rights (Budapest V. ker., Nádor u. 22.), by making an appointment.
4. OPCAT National Preventive Mechanism
Since 1 January 2015, the Commissioner for Fundamental Rights has, personally or through his staff, been acting as the national preventive mechanism in Hungary of the Optional Protocol to the Convention Against Torture (OPCAT) of the UN against torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, The tasks of the national preventive mechanism involve:
inspecting places of detention for prevention purposes and further to reports
interviewing detainees
studying documentation
sending feedback
consultation with authorities
formulating recommendations
drawing up reports
Address: 1051 Budapest, Nádor utca 22.
Postal address: 1387 Budapest Pf. 40.
Telephone: (+36-1) 475-7100
Fax: (+36-1) 269-1615
Email: panasz@ajbh.hu
Website: http://www.ajbh.hu/hu
1. Tasks and organisation
The right to the protection of personal data and the right to disclosure of information of public interest are fundamental constitutional rights: Article VI. of the Fundamental Law of Hungary states that:
(1) Everyone shall have the right to respect for his or her private and family life, home, communications and reputation.
(2) Everyone shall have the right to protection of his or her personal data, as well as to have access to and disseminate information of public interest.
(3) An independent authority created by means of a cardinal act shall supervise the enforcement of the right to the protection of personal data and the right of access to data of public interest.
The Hungarian National Authority for Data Protection and Freedom of Information (Nemzeti Adatvédelmi és Információszabadság Hatóság - NAIH) replaced the data protection ombudsman who operated between 1995 and 2011,). Since 1 January 2012 the NAIH has been helping guarantee information rights through additional regulatory means (such as imposing data privacy fines).
The substance of these rights, the obligations of data controllers and the organisation and procedures of the NAIH are laid down in the Information Act (Act CXII of 2011 on the right to informational self-determination and freedom of information), but the detailed requirements of specific data-processing procedures are contained in other relevant legislation (such as the Police Act and the Public Education Act). Under Section 1 of the Information Act, the law aims to protect the private spheres of natural persons and to ensure the transparency of public affairs.
The NAIH is an independent, autonomous government body, its president is appointed for nine years by the President of the Republic on a proposal from the Prime Minister and its organisational structure is made up of departments.
The main task of the NAIH is to conduct investigations in matters of data protection and freedom of information based on reports and complaints (submitted on-line, in writing or in person) and to conduct administrative proceedings ex officio for data protection (if the suspected infringement concerns many people or may cause considerable harm to interests or considerable damage).
In addition, the Authority may conduct administrative proceedings ex officio for the control of classified data, refer infringement cases related to information of public interest or information which is public for reasons of public interest to a court, and intervene in court actions. It also keeps a data protection register.
The Authority’s powers also include giving opinions on relevant legislation, representing Hungary on common EU data protection boards and conducting data protection audits – for a fee – at the request of the controller.
Address: 1125 Budapest Szilágyi Erzsébet fasor 22/C.
Postal address: 1530 Budapest, Pf.: 5.
Email: ugyfelszolgalat@naih.hu
Website: http://www.naih.hu/
Under the Act on equal treatment and the promotion of equal opportunities, enforcement of the requirement of equal treatment in Hungary is overseen by the Equal Treatment Authority (Egyenlő Bánásmód Hatóság), with competence over the entire territory of the country. The Authority is an autonomous government body, independent and subject only to the law. It may not be bound by instructions and carries out its tasks separately from other bodies and free of undue influence. Tasks may only be delegated to the Authority by law. The Authority is headed by a president appointed for nine years by the President of the Republic on a proposal from the Prime Minister.
The primary task and principal activity of the Authority is to investigate complaints and reports it receives concerning matters of discrimination. The work of the Authority is assisted by a network of equal treatment desk officers providing national coverage.
Under the Act, infringement of the requirement of equal treatment (discrimination) means discrimination against a person on the grounds of a real or perceived protected characteristic.
The protected characteristics under the Act are:
religious or philosophical belief
political or other opinion
family status,
motherhood (pregnancy) or fatherhood
social origin
part-time nature or fixed duration of his or her employment relationship or quasi-employment relationship
membership of an association for the representation of interests
other status, feature or characteristic
In the ‘other status’ category, features and characteristics not listed in the Act but of a similar nature may be taken into account as protected characteristics in accordance with the Authority’s interpretation of the law.
The Authority investigates infringements affecting persons and groups whose protected characteristics are very broadly defined under the Act. Typically it acts at the request of the person or persons who suffered the discrimination, but it is possible for civil society organisations or representative associations to initiate a procedure before the Authority where an infringement or threat of infringement affecting a group with protected characteristics has occurred. The Authority may act ex officio against the Hungarian State, local governments and minority self-governments, their bodies, organisations acting in the capacity of public authorities, the Hungarian Defence Forces and law enforcement agencies. The most typical areas for the Authority’s investigations are employment, social security, healthcare, housing, education, and provision of goods and services.
The Authority conducts its investigations within the framework of administrative proceedings. Special rules of evidence are applicable during the proceedings. The injured party (the applicant) must demonstrate that he or she has been disadvantaged and at the time of the infringement actually had – or was presumed by the offender to have – a protected characteristic defined by law. If the applicant has fulfilled the obligation to produce such evidence, the other party (the party subject to the proceedings) must prove that the circumstances supported by the evidence produced by the injured party did not occur or that it complied with the requirement of equal treatment or was not obliged to comply with it in the given legal relationship.
The Authority always endeavours to reach a settlement between the parties before handing down its decision and, if this is successful, approves the settlement. If the parties do not reach a settlement, the Authority hands down a decision on the merits of the case based on the investigation it has conducted. If the Authority establishes that the requirement of equal treatment has been infringed, as a penalty it may order the elimination of the unlawful circumstances, forbid the unlawful conduct in the future, order the public disclosure of its final decision establishing the infringement, impose a fine ranging from HUF 50 000 to HUF 6 million and apply further legal consequences defined in special legislation. The decision of the Authority may not be appealed through administrative channels, but may be reviewed by the Administrative and Labour Court in administrative litigation.
The Authority also has a number of other tasks defined by law in addition to investigating specific discrimination cases. For instance, these include providing information and assistance to those concerned in order to take action against equal treatment infringements, issuing opinions on draft legislation concerning equal treatment, proposing legislation on equal treatment, providing the public and the National Assembly with information on the state of equal treatment enforcement, cooperating with civil society organisations and international organisations, etc.
The Authority is a member of the European Network of Equality Bodies (Equinet), which unites over 40 member organisations from 33 European countries operating as national bodies for equal treatment in their own countries. The Authority’s staff take part in the work of thematic Equinet working groups, as well as training sessions and seminars organised several times a year in order to keep up to date with the most recent achievements in the international development of equal treatment law and to exchange experiences with the representatives of European organisations carrying out tasks similar to those of the Authority.
The Authority regularly participates in events and thematic projects of the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) and the European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI) of the Council of Europe as part of its international relations.
Detailed information concerning the Authority is available on the its website.
Seat: 1013 Budapest, Krisztina krt. 39/B
Telephone number: (+36-1) 795-2975
Fax number: (+36-1) 795-0760
Website: http://www.egyenlobanasmod.hu/
In 2008 the National Assembly decided to establish the Independent Police Complaints Board (Független Rendészeti Panasztestület) for the purpose of creating a special institution for complaints against police procedures. This institution is made up of members elected by the National Assembly for a period of six years. The members have a diploma in law, are not bound to take instructions from anyone and the grounds for their rules of procedure are laid down in law.
The legal context of the Board’s work is primarily governed by the Police Act. The purpose of the Board is to investigate complaint procedures within the remit of the Police, but independently of hierarchical relationships, from the perspective of the protection of fundamental rights. Thus the operations of the Police are reviewed by the Board based on specific complaints in individual cases, and not in general, in the abstract.
2. Powers and procedure
Who may file a complaint, when and how?
A complaint may be filed by any person regardless of their nationality:
who was the subject of a police measure or who is affected by a police measure
or for whom the police failed to take the required action
or who was subjected to coercive measures by the police and feels that his or her fundamental rights were restricted or human rights infringed as a result.
The complaint may be filed in person, by proxy or through his legal representative (in the case of a minor or a person lacking capacity, through his legal representative). This must be done within 20 days of the police’s measure, failure to act or coercive measure or, if the complainant did not become aware of this until later on, within 20 days from the date when they did become aware of it. The complaint may be filed by post (in which case the complainant must personally sign the submission), by fax or email through the Board’s website, or in person during the Board’s business hours (after making an appointment by telephone).
If an objective obstacle prevented the complainant from filing the submission within the time-limit, the delay may be excused, if the complainant provides justification for late submission (for instance, long-term hospital treatment) within six months.
A person who missed the 20-day time-limit but is still within thirty days of the occurrence (or of becoming aware of it) may apply to the head of the police body (chief of police or commissioner of police) where the officers applied the measures complained of and still fall within the time-limit. In such cases the head of the police station will conduct the complaint procedure.
What does the Board examine?
the requirement to carry out police duties and instructions, breaches of such duties and instructions or failures to carry them out (in particular: requirement to take measures, proportionality, identifiability, obligation to provide assistance, etc.),
police measures or failures to take police measures, their lawfulness (in particular: identity checks, examination of clothing, baggage and vehicle, arrests, taking in for questioning, alien policing procedures, measures taken in private dwellings, traffic law enforcement measures, etc.),
use and lawfulness of coercive devices (in particular: physical coercion, handcuffs, chemical agents, stun guns, batons, road blocks, use of firearms, use of group force, crowd dispersal, etc.)
When is the Board not allowed to initiate a procedure or conduct an examination on the substance of a case?
As it is not authorised to do so by law, the Board does not have the power and is therefore not entitled to:
assess general comments, comments suggesting improvements or critical comments, or public interest disclosures;
investigate minor offences, or reduce or cancel any administrative fines imposed;
assess the legality of acts carried out in the course of criminal proceedings;
award damages;
establish the criminal, administrative or disciplinary liability of police officers taking action;
review the legality of decisions taken in administrative or criminal proceedings.
Furthermore, if an objectionable act by the police occurred in the course of other ongoing proceedings, for instance criminal or administrative proceedings, the complainant must use the remedies available and assert their objections in those ongoing proceedings, unless the manner in which a procedural act was carried out (for example the tone of voice used when a witness was questioned, the manner in which a house was searched) was objected to by the complainant, in which case the Board is also entitled to carry out the examination.
What you need to know about the procedure
In order to have their case investigated, the complainant has the choice of applying to the head of the police agency which carried out the measure complained of or to the Board. Thus the complainant may choose whether an agency within the organisational structure of the Police (the head of the agency which carried out the measure) or an independent body outside the Police (the Board) will examine the complaint. At the same time this provision is intended to serve the separation of the two procedures from each other and allows only one of them to be conducted at any one time – namely the one chosen by the complainant.
Furthermore, the Board is entitled to make inquiries about any complaint filed with the Police and if it becomes aware of a case in which the conditions for it to intervene apply, it notifies the complainant and the police agency handling the case accordingly. Within eight days of receipt of the notification, the complainant may request the police agency to assess the complaint following an examination conducted by the Board. The police agency handling the case must suspend its procedure upon receipt of the Board’s notification. This referral may be initiated by complainants themselves in the course of the police complaint procedure right up to when the final administrative decision is handed down and if the conditions for the referral are met, the complaint case will continue under the Board’s procedure.
In an examination on the substance of a complaint, the Board aims to establish whether the police measures described in the complaint were conducted according to the rules, were necessary, justified and proportionate and whether they infringed any fundamental right of the complainant.
If an infringement of the complainant’s fundamental rights is established in the course of the examination, the Board must also assess how serious this infringement is in view of all the circumstances of the case. If the Board concludes that:
no infringement took place (for example because the fundamental rights of the complainant were restricted lawfully), or
the infringement of a fundamental right cannot be established due to a contradiction between the submissions that cannot be resolved based on the documents available, or
an infringement of a fundamental right did occur, but it was of minor importance,
then the Board will forward its assessment to the head of the competent police agency, who will take the decision under the complaint procedure based on the official rules governing the Police and taking into account the legal position set out in the assessment by the Board. The complainant may appeal this decision, which includes the possibility of a judicial review of the decision, in accordance with the Act on the general rules of administrative procedures and services. Complainants may object in advance to the Board referring the complaint procedure to the competent police agency, if for example they believe that they would suffer bias there or are afraid of the possible consequences. However, in such a case the Board would be required to terminate the procedure since it could not be referred to anyone because of the complainant’s objection.
If the Board finds a serious infringement of fundamental rights, it will – depending on the agency concerned – forward its assessment to the Chief Commissioner of the Hungarian National Police, the director-general of the body responsible for internal crime prevention and crime detection tasks or the director-general of the counter-terrorism body, who will then take a decision on the complaint based on the applicable rules and taking into account the legal position set out in the Board’s assessment. If the decision of the body handling the case differs from the Board’s assessment, the grounds on which it is based must be set out. Of course, it is also possible for a police decision handed down like this to be appealed before the courts. The Board’s assessment may be used in those court proceedings.
Further detailed rules about the workings of the Board can be found in its Rules of Procedure on its website.
Postal address: H-1358 Budapest, Széchenyi rakpart 19.
Telephone: +36-1/441-6501
Fax: +36-1/441-6502
Email: info@repate.hu
Website: https://www.repate.hu/index.php?lang=hu
1. The organisation of the prosecution service
The prosecution service of Hungary is an independent constitutional organisation subject only to the law.
The prosecution service is headed and managed by the Prosecutor General, who is selected by the National Assembly from among the public prosecutors for a term nine years and is thus accountable to Parliament under public law. The Prosecutor-General is required to report on the service’s operations annually.
The bodies of the prosecution service in Hungary are:
the Office of the Prosecutor General
appellate chief prosecution offices
chief prosecution offices
district prosecution offices
An independent chief prosecution office or district-level prosecution office may be established for carrying out prosecution service investigations and other tasks of the prosecution service in justified cases.
There are five appellate chief prosecution offices and twenty-one (a metropolitan, nineteen county and a central investigative) chief prosecution offices under the direction of the Office of the Prosecutor General. The organisational structure of the chief prosecution offices – with the exception of the Central Investigative Chief Prosecution Office – is essentially divided between activities falling under criminal law and public law.
District and district-level prosecution offices under the direction of the metropolitan and county chief prosecution offices handle cases not assigned to another prosecution body by legislation or the Prosecutor General’s instructions and carry out tasks related to prosecution service investigations.
The scientific and research institution of the prosecution service, the National Institute of Criminology (Országos Kriminológiai Intézet) forms part of the organisation of the prosecution service, but is not a prosecution body. It works on developing theories and practices in crime research, criminology and criminal law sciences.
2. The main tasks of the prosecution service
The Prosecutor General and the prosecution service are independent and as the public prosecutor intervening in the administration of justice, they are the sole enforcer of the State’s right to punish. The prosecution service prosecutes criminal offences, takes action against other unlawful acts and omissions and promotes crime prevention.
The Prosecutor General and the prosecution service
exercise rights in connection with investigations, as defined by law;
represent public prosecution in court proceedings;
oversee the lawful operation of prison services;
exercise further powers and responsibilities defined by law as the protectors of the public interest,.
The prosecution service
investigates cases specified in the Criminal Procedure Act (prosecution service investigations);
oversees that independent investigations conducted by an investigative authority are conducted in a lawful manner (oversight of investigations);
exercises other rights defined by law in connection with investigations;
exercises, as the public prosecutor, the power vested in public authorities to lay a charge; represents the prosecution in court proceedings and exercises the rights of appeal granted by the Criminal Procedure Act;
exercises legal supervision over compliance with punishments, secondary penalties, measures, coercive measures for the deprivation or restriction of liberty and follow-up measures, as well as compliance with the law on keeping databases of criminal, administrative and most wanted records and decisions centrally rendering electronic data inaccessible; it also participates in procedures conducted by sentencing judges;
contributes to the proper application of the law in court proceedings (involvement of a public prosecutor in contentious and non-contentious court proceedings before civil, labour, administrative and economic courts);
promotes compliance with the law by bodies acting in the capacity of public authorities or managing out-of-court disputes;
pays special attention to prosecuting criminal offences committed by children or against children and to respecting the special rules concerning administrative and criminal procedures initiated against minors; collaborates in enforcing the rights of children in the cases defined by law and initiates procedures to take the necessary child protection measures;
carries out its tasks arising from international agreements and in particular in relation to the provision of and requests for legal assistance;
performs Hungary’s tasks related to its participation in Eurojust;
provides representation in lawsuits filed for compensation of infringements and damage caused in the course of its activities.
For the protection of the public interest, the prosecution service works to ensure that the law is respected by all. When laws are infringed, the prosecution service takes action in the interest of legality, in the cases and manner defined in law. Unless otherwise provided by law, the prosecution service is obliged to take action if a body required to put an end to an infringement of the law fails to take the necessary action , despite being required to do so under the Fundamental Law, an act of law or other piece of legislation or legal instrument of state administration, or if immediate action by the prosecutor is needed to end the infringement of a right arising from an infringement of the law.
The non-criminal public interest powers and responsibilities to be exercised by the prosecution service as a contributor to the administration of justice are laid down in special legislation. A public prosecutor exercises these powers primarily by bringing contentious and non-contentious court proceedings, as well as by initiating procedures by administrative authorities and filing appeals.
Prosecutor General: Dr. Péter Polt
Seat: 1055 Budapest, Markó u. 16.
Telephone number: +36-1354-5500
Email: info@mku.hu
Website: http://mklu.hu/
The Victim Support Service (Áldozatsegítő Szolgálat) provides assistance primarily to victims who have been harmed, in particular physically or mentally (psychological trauma, shock) or suffered losses as the direct consequence of a crime or an offence against property. The State assesses the needs of victims and provides them with services adapted accordingly.
1. The procedure
Victim support services are provided by dedicated organisational units of metropolitan (county) government office. Victims may seek help from any victim support service in asserting their claims, and they may submit their application for immediate financial assistance, certification of status as a victim and compensation to any victim support service ( PDF).
Applications for immediate financial assistance, certification of status as a victim or compensation must be submitted on the relevant forms ( Application form, Application for certification of status as victim). The victim support service provides assistance in filling in the forms.
Victim support procedures are free of charge.
Applications for immediate financial assistance may be submitted within five days of the crime or offence against property. Applications for compensation may be submitted within three months after the crime offence was committed – with the exceptions under the Act on crime victim support and State compensation.
Appeals against decisions by victim support services must be submitted within 15 days to the victim support service, but addressed to the Office of Justice.
Under the Act, the services provided are:
help in making claims: the victim support service helps victims in a manner and to an extent appropriate to their needs in asserting their fundamental rights, which means advising them on their rights and obligations in criminal and administrative proceedings, the conditions for access to healthcare, health insurance, social benefits and other State support, and providing information, legal advice, emotional support and any other practical assistance in this context;
immediate financial assistance, which may be granted in the course of ongoing criminal proceedings for an amount laid down in the Act for housing, clothing, travel and food and for medical and funeral costs, if the victim is unable to meet these costs as a result of the crime or offence against property;
certification of status as victim: in the course of ongoing criminal proceedings, the victim support service certifies the client’s status as a victim by means of an official certificate based on police documents; the victim may use the certificate for administrative and other procedures, such as being issued documents or granted access to legal aid, etc.;
witness assistance: witnesses summoned to a court hearing can consult the court’s witness assistance official for appropriate advice; the court’s witness assistance official is a clerk who provides witnesses with guidance, as laid down in the relevant legislation, on giving testimony in order to facilitate their appearance in court;
provision of safe houses: the State provides safe houses as needed to persons of Hungarian nationality or persons with the right to move freely and reside in Hungary, who have been identified as victims of human trafficking, regardless of whether criminal proceedings have begun;
State compensation: the relatives of a person killed in the course of a violent crime against a person or a person seriously injured in the course of such a crime may apply for State compensation in the form of a one-off payment or a monthly allowance if they are in need as defined in the Act.
24/7 Victim Support Line accessible free of charge from networks in Hungary:
Victim Support Services
Further detailed information about victim support.
Under the Legal Aid Act, the principal objective of the Legal Aid Service (Jogi Segítségnyújtó Szolgálat) is to provide professional legal assistance to persons with social needs for the enforcement of their rights and the resolution of their legal disputes – within certain limits and in a specific form.
An application for legal aid may be submitted in person or by post ( Legal Aid - contact details) to the organisational unit (‘regional office’) responsible for legal aid at the competent county (metropolitan) government office of the applicant’s domicile or habitual residence, or in the absence of such, their correspondence address or place of work by filling in and signing a form (http://igazsagugyihivatal.gov.hu/dokumentumok-jogi-segitsegnyujtas) and enclosing the necessary attachments. Submitting the application is free of charge.
With a (final) authorisation decision issued by the regional office, the person may then access the services of any duty lawyer (lawyers, law firms, civil society organisations) on the list of duty lawyers kept by the Office of Justice (http://www.kimisz.gov.hu/alaptev/nepugyvedje/nevjegyzek).
Appeals against decisions of the Legal Aid Service must be submitted within 15 days to the regional office, but addressed to the Office of Justice.
2. The basic forms of legal aid
A.) Support for out-of-court proceedings
if court proceedings have not yet been initiated to resolve a dispute,
advice and/or drafting of documents,
does not give entitlement to be represented; the duty lawyer may not act on behalf of or in place of the client.
B.) Support for court proceedings
if a court case is already ongoing,
provides representation,
cannot be granted to the person who committed the crime or offence,
the victim may be provided with legal representation right from the investigation and prosecution stages of criminal proceedings.
C.) In simple cases, the Service gives brief, oral advice without means-testing the client.
3. Conditions for entitlement
A.) In contentious and non-contentious proceedings in civil court:
the State covers the fees of the duty lawyer/legal representative or the State advances the fees for legal services for one year if the client’s income and property situation meets the criteria defined by law,
the State advances the fees of legal services for any client established in an individual procedure by the Victim Support Service to have been the victim of a crime and who meets the conditions concerning income and property defined by law.
B.) In criminal proceedings:
the State advances the fees of the duty lawyer/ legal representative for one year if the client’s income and property situation meets the criteria defined by law,
the State advances the fees of legal services for any client established in an individual procedure by the Victim Support Service to have been the victim of a crime and who meets the income and property criteria defined by law.
C.) Common rules:
Clients must provide proof of their income and the income of any persons living in a common household with them by means of the documents specified in the Legal Aid Act.
The Act specifies the cases in which support may not be granted, such as drawing up contracts, unless the parties concluding the contract jointly apply for support and the conditions for support are met in every respect, or for customs cases, etc.
Regional offices:
Further detailed information about legal aid.
The national language version of this page is maintained by the respective Member State. The translations have been done by the European Commission service. Possible changes introduced in the original by the competent national authority may not be yet reflected in the translations. The European Commission accepts no responsibility or liability whatsoever with regard to any information or data contained or referred to in this document. Please refer to the legal notice to see copyright rules for the Member State responsible for this page.
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COP21, the Paris Agreement and the Art of the Possible
“Recognizing that climate change represents an urgent and potentially irreversible threat to human societies and the planet and thus requires the widest possible cooperation by all countries, and their participation in an effective and appropriate international response, with a view to accelerating the reduction of global greenhouse gas emissions.”
– Preamble to the Paris Agreement, Dec. 12, 2015
To answer a question posed last week — yes, in the end, COP21 can and did exorcise the ghosts of Copenhagen. On Saturday evening Paris time, COP21 President Laurant Fabius gaveled to a close an historic moment for humanity. With that gavel came adoption of the final draft of the Paris Agreement, a global deal by nearly 200 nations to address climate change.
The agreement sets into motion the shared realization of the urgency of the problem, the need for cooperative action to mitigate and adapt to climate change, and signals that the end of the fossil fuel economy is inevitable.
Key points of the Paris Agreement
In broad strokes, the Paris Agreement establishes a long-term goal of net-zero emissions, a mechanism to review progress and increase ambition at regular intervals, and a framework for climate finance.
Mitigation, transparency: The long-term signal in the Paris Agreement is for countries to peak their emissions “as soon as possible” and achieve “net-zero” greenhouse gas emissions by the last half of the century. At the heart of the Paris agreement are theINDCs, or national commitments, from 186 nations comprising 90 percent of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions.
As most realize by now, even with this unprecedented commitment, we are on a probable path toward at least a 2.7 degrees Celsius global average temperature above pre-industrial levels. This doesn’t match the goal of limiting global warming to “well below” 2 degrees, or even to 1.5 degrees Celsius. Indeed, some scientists suggest that 1.5 degrees is already “baked into the system.”
The next key element of the agreement, therefore, is a legally-binding mechanism for countries to “ratchet up ambition” at regular five-year intervals starting in 2020. Countries will review their commitments in 2019, encouraging them to increase their current 2030 commitments.
Once the agreement is in force starting in 2020, each country is required to submit a subsequent round of targets every five years. Starting in 2023, a “global stocktake” mandates countries to report in five-year intervals on how their actual emissions reductions compare with their submitted plan.
Climate finance, adaptation, loss and damage: Developed countries agreed in Copenhagen to provide $100 billion annually in financial assistance by 2020 for developing countries to adapt to climate change and reduce emissions while growing their clean energy economies. The Paris Agreement acknowledges this $100 billion as a “floor” for climate finance to be reviewed and increased “before 2025.”
The agreement addresses loss and damage as an issue separate from adaptation, making permanent the Warsaw International Mechanism established at COP19 to formally address loss and damage. The loss and damage provision in the agreement does not create any “new legal liability” for high emitting countries.
The agreement balances public funding between mitigation and adaptation, increasing pre-2020 support for adaptation for the most vulnerable countries already suffering the impacts of climate change.
The art of the possible
Calling for a “complete decarbonization” of developed economies by 2030, scientists at a press conference on Friday expressed concern that the language in the Paris Agreement does not “operationalize” the aspirational language of net-zero emissions. In the view of many scientists, the agreement falls well short of maintaining what the executive director of the Stockholm Resilience Center, Johan Rockström, calls a “safe space” within planetary climate boundaries.
When asked to comment on these concerns, Andrew Deutz of the Nature Conservancy told TriplePundit that he “sympathized with the scientists” but pointed to the bigger political reality in play at COP21
“In order to understand the climate process, you’ve got to be somewhat bipolar,” Deutz said. “Because one hemisphere of your brain has to look at the science and say, ‘We are desperately behind where we need to be; we need rapid decarbonization across all sectors of the economy if we’re going to keep the climate in a safe space.’ The other side of your brain is saying, ‘Look where the politics are; look at the progress that we’re making,’
“We now have the world’s most comprehensive and ambitious set of emissions reductions commitments on the table that we’ve ever seen: huge political progress … a political transformation”
If the current goals set forth in the agreement do not yet reflect the required levels of ambition, there is, for the first time ever, the expressed political will to start the process.
“This isn’t just about climate change,” Deutz said. “This is about the world’s ability to demonstrate cooperation in the face of a global challenge.”
Popping champagne corks in Paris
After a long, grueling process of negotiations and many sleepless nights, delegates and ministers had reason to celebrate in Paris on Saturday night. COP21 will be remembered as an inflection point in the human response to climate change.
But the celebration must be tempered with a sober assessment of how far we have yet to go to realize the aspirations of Paris. As Deutz said, “The next day [after COP21], we have to roll up our selves and desperately catch up to where we need to be”
Indeed the great accomplishment in the Paris Agreement is not how it “solves” climate change, but rather how it binds nations together in an internationally agreed upon framework to work toward the solution. It is, as one delegate from the EU said, “the art of the possible.”
Image credit: Nicolas Bonnement, courtesy flickr
This post originally published in TriplePundit
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Home » Defense, Featured, Foreign Affairs, Miscellaneous, People & Places » Leaked B.D.F. Report – Escalation in Guatemalan Aggression Towards B.D.F. in the Sarstoon
Leaked B.D.F. Report – Escalation in Guatemalan Aggression Towards B.D.F. in the Sarstoon
Confidential documents show that the aggression by the Guatemalan army and navy started years ago, but intensified dangerously and persistently so since 2010, to the point where the Guatemalans were exercising sovereignty over the Sarstoon. A memo from the Belize Defense Force to the C.E.O. in the Ministry of National Security, dated as recent as October twenty-second 2015, speaks of the aggression in a threat assessment of the Sarstoon River Mouth. Information contained in the document signed by Major R. Beltran, had never been known, but it is reported that the aggression towards the B.D.F. would take place while the B.D.F. is conducting changeovers at the Cadenas station. The encounters with the Guatemalan army started in 2003 and continued through 2004 and 2005. However, in 2006, the Guatemalans became aggressive but in 2007, that subsided because measures were put in place between the armies of both countries to lessen the tensions at the Sarstoon. Those measures served well through 2008, but in 2009, the Guatemalan became hostile. Specifically, on November second, 2009, the B.D.F. reported that they encountered a forty-foot Guatemalan army vessel anchored at the mouth of the Sarstoon River which appeared to be inside Belizeans territorial waters. The B.D.F. also reports that a Guatemalan flag was seen flying from a tree on the Sarstoon Island. The flag was removed by the army insisted they would place it back. There was another incident on December fifteenth, 2009. The Guatemalans attempted to stop a B.D.F. patrol using the southern channel in the Sarstoon. The Guatemalan army told the B.D.F. that they had orders from their superiors and after a discussion, the B.D.F. was allowed passage. The report goes on to speak about the escalation in aggression and in 2010, there were increased encounters. There are other incidents named as recent as the eleventh and twenty-fifth august. Now, the confidential memo speaks of a meeting on August twenty-fifth at which the Guatemalan delegation told the B.D.F. that they were doing them a courtesy by allowing them to use the river to access Cadenas and were in the process of verifying if that privilege would be taken away from the B.D.F. The B.D.F. also reports that there are two main bases for the Guatemalan army and navy; one at the pacific naval base near Santa Rosa and the other is at the Caribbean Naval Base in Santo Tomas de Castillo. Combined there are about sixty-five Guatemalan vessels used to patrol the area. The concern to the security forces is the aggressive approach that the Guatemalans are now using against the B.D.F. The B.D.F. also speaks of potential for conflict which would be undesirable because of the fragile territorial dispute. They further recommend video recordings of the encounters with the Guatemalan. Earlier today, we asked the former Foreign Minister, Eamon Courtenay to comment of what happened during his term in government.
Eamon Courtenay
Eamon Courtenay, Former Minister of Foreign Affairs
“We have two issues there. One is the question of confidentiality of issues and the second is how they are managed. We say when it comes to competence, when it comes to experience, when it comes to expertise on the issue we are far better than the Guatemalans. Now you may fault us and you may say we should have made these public back in 2006 and 2007 and I am prepared to listen to that and we can agree to disagree on that. But I am speaking about competence in terms of management of the issues and I don’t care which leaked document you have, there is never going to be a leaked document where the People’s United Party tolerates aggression by the Guatemalans. And what I want to point out is here you have the UDP who has yet to respond to the last diplomatic note from the Guatemalans when they in fact tell us that they do not recognize our borders. It is that type of thing, here it is they allow the Guatemalan navy to in effect chase them out of the Sarstoon, out of our territorial waters and they do nothing about it. I don’t want to get bogged down into whether we should have disclosed something in 2007 because we are in 2015 and the question in 2015 is what is happening now and who is best to carry it forward after the election. That is the issue. All delicate negotiations, all sensitive national security issues require a certain level of confidentiality and in some cases secrecy, yes. Whether you are now telling me that something ought to have been made public in 2006 and 2007, I’m prepared to look at it, I’m prepared to look at it. The issue is this what is the public’s position of the different political parties.”
Click here for a full copy of the report.
3 Responses for “Leaked B.D.F. Report – Escalation in Guatemalan Aggression Towards B.D.F. in the Sarstoon”
Firewalker says:
I am glad the British are there. Maybe they can show the Belizeans where their border is. Just saying
BDF needs a serious patrol craft, at least two. The last encounter between our navy and them, observed by all, (a game of chicken) shows this need. Our military as a whole is horribly out class and neglected to say the least. Here, we have another country, that openly flaunts their treat to our country, and we talk softly and carry a small stick. We cannot expect our military to do their job, without the right equipment. Its suicide. Remember neglect creates more confusion.
May I present an equalizer.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8PXJUWEfiJA
http://www.shipsforsale.se
Marb says:
At this point of time we should all know how Guatemalans are, “trespassers” you give them an inch and they take a mile. I know Our Soldiers fear for their lives. These people kill you cold blooded. I do hope things get settled and they get the message the Belize does not belong to them and We never Will! So! back off Guatemala!!!!!!!!!
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Project acronym 15CBOOKTRADE
Project The 15th-century Book Trade: An Evidence-based Assessment and Visualization of the Distribution, Sale, and Reception of Books in the Renaissance
Researcher (PI) Cristina Dondi
Summary The idea that underpins this project is to use the material evidence from thousands of surviving 15th-c. books, as well as unique documentary evidence — the unpublished ledger of a Venetian bookseller in the 1480s which records the sale of 25,000 printed books with their prices — to address four fundamental questions relating to the introduction of printing in the West which have so far eluded scholarship, partly because of lack of evidence, partly because of the lack of effective tools to deal with existing evidence. The book trade differs from other trades operating in the medieval and early modern periods in that the goods traded survive in considerable numbers. Not only do they survive, but many of them bear stratified evidence of their history in the form of marks of ownership, prices, manuscript annotations, binding and decoration styles. A British Academy pilot project conceived by the PI produced a now internationally-used database which gathers together this kind of evidence for thousands of surviving 15th-c. printed books. For the first time, this makes it possible to track the circulation of books, their trade routes and later collecting, across Europe and the USA, and throughout the centuries. The objectives of this project are to examine (1) the distribution and trade-routes, national and international, of 15th-c. printed books, along with the identity of the buyers and users (private, institutional, religious, lay, female, male, and by profession) and their reading practices; (2) the books' contemporary market value; (3) the transmission and dissemination of the texts they contain, their survival and their loss (rebalancing potentially skewed scholarship); and (4) the circulation and re-use of the illustrations they contain. Finally, the project will experiment with the application of scientific visualization techniques to represent, geographically and chronologically, the movement of 15th-c. printed books and of the texts they contain.
The idea that underpins this project is to use the material evidence from thousands of surviving 15th-c. books, as well as unique documentary evidence — the unpublished ledger of a Venetian bookseller in the 1480s which records the sale of 25,000 printed books with their prices — to address four fundamental questions relating to the introduction of printing in the West which have so far eluded scholarship, partly because of lack of evidence, partly because of the lack of effective tools to deal with existing evidence. The book trade differs from other trades operating in the medieval and early modern periods in that the goods traded survive in considerable numbers. Not only do they survive, but many of them bear stratified evidence of their history in the form of marks of ownership, prices, manuscript annotations, binding and decoration styles. A British Academy pilot project conceived by the PI produced a now internationally-used database which gathers together this kind of evidence for thousands of surviving 15th-c. printed books. For the first time, this makes it possible to track the circulation of books, their trade routes and later collecting, across Europe and the USA, and throughout the centuries. The objectives of this project are to examine (1) the distribution and trade-routes, national and international, of 15th-c. printed books, along with the identity of the buyers and users (private, institutional, religious, lay, female, male, and by profession) and their reading practices; (2) the books' contemporary market value; (3) the transmission and dissemination of the texts they contain, their survival and their loss (rebalancing potentially skewed scholarship); and (4) the circulation and re-use of the illustrations they contain. Finally, the project will experiment with the application of scientific visualization techniques to represent, geographically and chronologically, the movement of 15th-c. printed books and of the texts they contain.
Project acronym 19TH-CENTURY_EUCLID
Project Nineteenth-Century Euclid: Geometry and the Literary Imagination from Wordsworth to Wells
Researcher (PI) Alice Jenkins
Host Institution (HI) UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW
Call Details Starting Grant (StG), SH4, ERC-2007-StG
Summary This radically interdisciplinary project aims to bring a substantially new field of research – literature and mathematics studies – to prominence as a tool for investigating the culture of nineteenth-century Britain. It will result in three kinds of outcome: a monograph, two interdisciplinary and international colloquia, and a collection of essays. The project focuses on Euclidean geometry as a key element of nineteenth-century literary and scientific culture, showing that it was part of the shared knowledge flowing through elite and popular Romantic and Victorian writing, and figuring notably in the work of very many of the century’s best-known writers. Despite its traditional cultural prestige and educational centrality, geometry has been almost wholly neglected by literary history. This project shows how literature and mathematics studies can draw a new map of nineteenth-century British culture, revitalising our understanding of the Romantic and Victorian imagination through its writing about geometry.
This radically interdisciplinary project aims to bring a substantially new field of research – literature and mathematics studies – to prominence as a tool for investigating the culture of nineteenth-century Britain. It will result in three kinds of outcome: a monograph, two interdisciplinary and international colloquia, and a collection of essays. The project focuses on Euclidean geometry as a key element of nineteenth-century literary and scientific culture, showing that it was part of the shared knowledge flowing through elite and popular Romantic and Victorian writing, and figuring notably in the work of very many of the century’s best-known writers. Despite its traditional cultural prestige and educational centrality, geometry has been almost wholly neglected by literary history. This project shows how literature and mathematics studies can draw a new map of nineteenth-century British culture, revitalising our understanding of the Romantic and Victorian imagination through its writing about geometry.
Project acronym 1stProposal
Project An alternative development of analytic number theory and applications
Researcher (PI) ANDREW Granville
Host Institution (HI) UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON
Summary The traditional (Riemann) approach to analytic number theory uses the zeros of zeta functions. This requires the associated multiplicative function, say f(n), to have special enough properties that the associated Dirichlet series may be analytically continued. In this proposal we continue to develop an approach which requires less of the multiplicative function, linking the original question with the mean value of f. Such techniques have been around for a long time but have generally been regarded as “ad hoc”. In this project we aim to show that one can develop a coherent approach to the whole subject, not only reproving all of the old results, but also many new ones that appear inaccessible to traditional methods. Our first goal is to complete a monograph yielding a reworking of all the classical theory using these new methods and then to push forward in new directions. The most important is to extend these techniques to GL(n) L-functions, which we hope will now be feasible having found the correct framework in which to proceed. Since we rarely know how to analytically continue such L-functions this could be of great benefit to the subject. We are developing the large sieve so that it can be used for individual moduli, and will determine a strong form of that. Also a new method to give asymptotics for mean values, when they are not too small. We wish to incorporate techniques of analytic number theory into our theory, for example recent advances on mean values of Dirichlet polynomials. Also the recent breakthroughs on the sieve suggest strong links that need further exploration. Additive combinatorics yields important results in many areas. There are strong analogies between its results, and those for multiplicative functions, especially in large value spectrum theory, and its applications. We hope to develop these further. Much of this is joint work with K Soundararajan of Stanford University.
The traditional (Riemann) approach to analytic number theory uses the zeros of zeta functions. This requires the associated multiplicative function, say f(n), to have special enough properties that the associated Dirichlet series may be analytically continued. In this proposal we continue to develop an approach which requires less of the multiplicative function, linking the original question with the mean value of f. Such techniques have been around for a long time but have generally been regarded as “ad hoc”. In this project we aim to show that one can develop a coherent approach to the whole subject, not only reproving all of the old results, but also many new ones that appear inaccessible to traditional methods. Our first goal is to complete a monograph yielding a reworking of all the classical theory using these new methods and then to push forward in new directions. The most important is to extend these techniques to GL(n) L-functions, which we hope will now be feasible having found the correct framework in which to proceed. Since we rarely know how to analytically continue such L-functions this could be of great benefit to the subject. We are developing the large sieve so that it can be used for individual moduli, and will determine a strong form of that. Also a new method to give asymptotics for mean values, when they are not too small. We wish to incorporate techniques of analytic number theory into our theory, for example recent advances on mean values of Dirichlet polynomials. Also the recent breakthroughs on the sieve suggest strong links that need further exploration. Additive combinatorics yields important results in many areas. There are strong analogies between its results, and those for multiplicative functions, especially in large value spectrum theory, and its applications. We hope to develop these further. Much of this is joint work with K Soundararajan of Stanford University.
Project acronym 2DHIBSA
Project Nanoscopic and Hierachical Materials via Living Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly
Researcher (PI) Ian MANNERS
Host Institution (HI) UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL
Summary A key synthetic challenge of widespread interest in chemical science involves the creation of well-defined 2D functional materials that exist on a length-scale of nanometers to microns. In this ambitious 5 year proposal we aim to tackle this issue by exploiting the unique opportunities made possible by recent developments with the living crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) platform. Using this solution processing approach, amphiphilic block copolymers (BCPs) with crystallizable blocks, related amphiphiles, and polymers with charged end groups will be used to predictably construct monodisperse samples of tailored, functional soft matter-based 2D nanostructures with controlled shape, size, and spatially-defined chemistries. Many of the resulting nanostructures will also offer unprecedented opportunities as precursors to materials with hierarchical structures through further solution-based “bottom-up” assembly methods. In addition to fundamental studies, the proposed work also aims to make important impact in the cutting-edge fields of liquid crystals, interface stabilization, catalysis, supramolecular polymers, and hierarchical materials.
A key synthetic challenge of widespread interest in chemical science involves the creation of well-defined 2D functional materials that exist on a length-scale of nanometers to microns. In this ambitious 5 year proposal we aim to tackle this issue by exploiting the unique opportunities made possible by recent developments with the living crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) platform. Using this solution processing approach, amphiphilic block copolymers (BCPs) with crystallizable blocks, related amphiphiles, and polymers with charged end groups will be used to predictably construct monodisperse samples of tailored, functional soft matter-based 2D nanostructures with controlled shape, size, and spatially-defined chemistries. Many of the resulting nanostructures will also offer unprecedented opportunities as precursors to materials with hierarchical structures through further solution-based “bottom-up” assembly methods. In addition to fundamental studies, the proposed work also aims to make important impact in the cutting-edge fields of liquid crystals, interface stabilization, catalysis, supramolecular polymers, and hierarchical materials.
Project acronym 2DIR SPECTROMETER
Project A step-change in sensitivity for two dimensional laser infrared spectroscopy
Researcher (PI) Jasper VAN THOR
Host Institution (HI) IMPERIAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AND MEDICINE
Summary "Here, we propose a novel design for a significantly improved detector for the emerging field of coherent two-dimension infrared (2DIR) spectroscopy, which is an optical analog of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR). 2DIR is a cutting edge technique which is rapidly growing and has applications in subjects as diverse as energy sciences, biophysics, biomedical research and physical chemistry. Currently, the single most important technical problem that is generally agreed to limit applications of the methodology is the sensitivity with which the signals are measured. Having worked on multiple stabilisation techniques during the ERC funded research it was realised that a straightforward design alteration of the infrared detector will improve the sensitivity very significantly, theoretically by more than one order of magnitude. Here, the technical principles are explained, and a plan for commercialising the instrument in collaboration with the current market leader - Infrared System Development Corp. (ISDC) -. We apply for funding to develop the prototype."
"Here, we propose a novel design for a significantly improved detector for the emerging field of coherent two-dimension infrared (2DIR) spectroscopy, which is an optical analog of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR). 2DIR is a cutting edge technique which is rapidly growing and has applications in subjects as diverse as energy sciences, biophysics, biomedical research and physical chemistry. Currently, the single most important technical problem that is generally agreed to limit applications of the methodology is the sensitivity with which the signals are measured. Having worked on multiple stabilisation techniques during the ERC funded research it was realised that a straightforward design alteration of the infrared detector will improve the sensitivity very significantly, theoretically by more than one order of magnitude. Here, the technical principles are explained, and a plan for commercialising the instrument in collaboration with the current market leader - Infrared System Development Corp. (ISDC) -. We apply for funding to develop the prototype."
Project acronym 2DQP
Project Two-dimensional quantum photonics
Researcher (PI) Brian David GERARDOT
Host Institution (HI) HERIOT-WATT UNIVERSITY
Summary Quantum optics, the study of how discrete packets of light (photons) and matter interact, has led to the development of remarkable new technologies which exploit the bizarre properties of quantum mechanics. These quantum technologies are primed to revolutionize the fields of communication, information processing, and metrology in the coming years. Similar to contemporary technologies, the future quantum machinery will likely consist of a semiconductor platform to create and process the quantum information. However, to date the demanding requirements on a quantum photonic platform have yet to be satisfied with conventional bulk (three-dimensional) semiconductors. To surmount these well-known obstacles, a new paradigm in quantum photonics is required. Initiated by the recent discovery of single photon emitters in atomically flat (two-dimensional) semiconducting materials, 2DQP aims to be at the nucleus of a new approach by realizing quantum optics with ultra-stable (coherent) quantum states integrated into devices with electronic and photonic functionality. We will characterize, identify, engineer, and coherently manipulate localized quantum states in this two-dimensional quantum photonic platform. A vital component of 2DQP’s vision is to go beyond the fundamental science and achieve the ideal solid-state single photon device yielding perfect extraction - 100% efficiency - of on-demand indistinguishable single photons. Finally, we will exploit this ideal device to implement the critical building block for a photonic quantum computer.
Quantum optics, the study of how discrete packets of light (photons) and matter interact, has led to the development of remarkable new technologies which exploit the bizarre properties of quantum mechanics. These quantum technologies are primed to revolutionize the fields of communication, information processing, and metrology in the coming years. Similar to contemporary technologies, the future quantum machinery will likely consist of a semiconductor platform to create and process the quantum information. However, to date the demanding requirements on a quantum photonic platform have yet to be satisfied with conventional bulk (three-dimensional) semiconductors. To surmount these well-known obstacles, a new paradigm in quantum photonics is required. Initiated by the recent discovery of single photon emitters in atomically flat (two-dimensional) semiconducting materials, 2DQP aims to be at the nucleus of a new approach by realizing quantum optics with ultra-stable (coherent) quantum states integrated into devices with electronic and photonic functionality. We will characterize, identify, engineer, and coherently manipulate localized quantum states in this two-dimensional quantum photonic platform. A vital component of 2DQP’s vision is to go beyond the fundamental science and achieve the ideal solid-state single photon device yielding perfect extraction - 100% efficiency - of on-demand indistinguishable single photons. Finally, we will exploit this ideal device to implement the critical building block for a photonic quantum computer.
Project acronym 2SEXES_1GENOME
Project Sex-specific genetic effects on fitness and human disease
Researcher (PI) Edward Hugh Morrow
Host Institution (HI) THE UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX
Summary Darwin’s theory of natural selection rests on the principle that fitness variation in natural populations has a heritable component, on which selection acts, thereby leading to evolutionary change. A fundamental and so far unresolved question for the field of evolutionary biology is to identify the genetic loci responsible for this fitness variation, thereby coming closer to an understanding of how variation is maintained in the face of continual selection. One important complicating factor in the search for fitness related genes however is the existence of separate sexes – theoretical expectations and empirical data both suggest that sexually antagonistic genes are common. The phrase “two sexes, one genome” nicely sums up the problem; selection may favour alleles in one sex, even if they have detrimental effects on the fitness of the opposite sex, since it is their net effect across both sexes that determine the likelihood that alleles persist in a population. This theoretical framework raises an interesting, and so far entirely unexplored issue: that in one sex the functional performance of some alleles is predicted to be compromised and this effect may account for some common human diseases and conditions which show genotype-sex interactions. I propose to explore the genetic basis of sex-specific fitness in a model organism in both laboratory and natural conditions and to test whether those genes identified as having sexually antagonistic effects can help explain the incidence of human diseases that display sexual dimorphism in prevalence, age of onset or severity. This multidisciplinary project directly addresses some fundamental unresolved questions in evolutionary biology: the genetic basis and maintenance of fitness variation; the evolution of sexual dimorphism; and aims to provide novel insights into the genetic basis of some common human diseases.
Darwin’s theory of natural selection rests on the principle that fitness variation in natural populations has a heritable component, on which selection acts, thereby leading to evolutionary change. A fundamental and so far unresolved question for the field of evolutionary biology is to identify the genetic loci responsible for this fitness variation, thereby coming closer to an understanding of how variation is maintained in the face of continual selection. One important complicating factor in the search for fitness related genes however is the existence of separate sexes – theoretical expectations and empirical data both suggest that sexually antagonistic genes are common. The phrase “two sexes, one genome” nicely sums up the problem; selection may favour alleles in one sex, even if they have detrimental effects on the fitness of the opposite sex, since it is their net effect across both sexes that determine the likelihood that alleles persist in a population. This theoretical framework raises an interesting, and so far entirely unexplored issue: that in one sex the functional performance of some alleles is predicted to be compromised and this effect may account for some common human diseases and conditions which show genotype-sex interactions. I propose to explore the genetic basis of sex-specific fitness in a model organism in both laboratory and natural conditions and to test whether those genes identified as having sexually antagonistic effects can help explain the incidence of human diseases that display sexual dimorphism in prevalence, age of onset or severity. This multidisciplinary project directly addresses some fundamental unresolved questions in evolutionary biology: the genetic basis and maintenance of fitness variation; the evolution of sexual dimorphism; and aims to provide novel insights into the genetic basis of some common human diseases.
Project acronym 3D Cer-Met
Project 3D Thin-Walled Ceramic and Ceramic-Metal Components using Electrolytic Plasma Processing
Researcher (PI) Allan MATTHEWS
Host Institution (HI) THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER
Summary This proposal relates to the Proof of Concept stage investigation of exciting new findings in the ERC Advanced Grant ‘IMPUNEP’ project relating to the study and use of plasma-based processes. These findings offer significant advantages for the creation of complex 3D ceramic and ceramic-metal products at relatively low cost in an environmentally friendly manner. The potential applications of this new technology are very wide-ranging, and include the creation of new products as diverse as healthcare devices, MEMS and aero/automotive parts. Before we properly and fully identify the most promising applications, we need to investigate key aspects of the performance of materials created by this new method. This aspect wasn’t envisaged in the original proposal and involves research into the mechanical properties (especially the strength and elastic modulus) of these 3D parts and their response to deformation and dynamic displacements, as well as their physical (including electrical) properties. These components will be highly resistant to attack by aggressive (e.g. acidic) media as well as highly tolerant to both low (cryogenic) and high (combustion) temperatures. The expected applications opened up by this new method to produce ceramic and ceramic-metal components of complex shape are extensive. Hence the need for this Proof of Concept study, which will focus on validating the process for 3D ceramic-metal and ceramic parts and evaluating the mechanical, chemical, electrical and physical attributes of the 3D shapes, and will explore their potential applications in this pre-demonstration phase.
This proposal relates to the Proof of Concept stage investigation of exciting new findings in the ERC Advanced Grant ‘IMPUNEP’ project relating to the study and use of plasma-based processes. These findings offer significant advantages for the creation of complex 3D ceramic and ceramic-metal products at relatively low cost in an environmentally friendly manner. The potential applications of this new technology are very wide-ranging, and include the creation of new products as diverse as healthcare devices, MEMS and aero/automotive parts. Before we properly and fully identify the most promising applications, we need to investigate key aspects of the performance of materials created by this new method. This aspect wasn’t envisaged in the original proposal and involves research into the mechanical properties (especially the strength and elastic modulus) of these 3D parts and their response to deformation and dynamic displacements, as well as their physical (including electrical) properties. These components will be highly resistant to attack by aggressive (e.g. acidic) media as well as highly tolerant to both low (cryogenic) and high (combustion) temperatures. The expected applications opened up by this new method to produce ceramic and ceramic-metal components of complex shape are extensive. Hence the need for this Proof of Concept study, which will focus on validating the process for 3D ceramic-metal and ceramic parts and evaluating the mechanical, chemical, electrical and physical attributes of the 3D shapes, and will explore their potential applications in this pre-demonstration phase.
Project acronym 3D-E
Project 3D Engineered Environments for Regenerative Medicine
Researcher (PI) Ruth Elizabeth Cameron
Host Institution (HI) THE CHANCELLOR MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE
Call Details Advanced Grant (AdG), PE8, ERC-2012-ADG_20120216
Summary "This proposal develops a unified, underpinning technology to create novel, complex and biomimetic 3D environments for the control of tissue growth. As director of Cambridge Centre for Medical Materials, I have recently been approached by medical colleagues to help to solve important problems in the separate therapeutic areas of breast cancer, cardiac disease and blood disorders. In each case, the solution lies in complex 3D engineered environments for cell culture. These colleagues make it clear that existing 3D scaffolds fail to provide the required complex orientational and spatial anisotropy, and are limited in their ability to impart appropriate biochemical and mechanical cues. I have a strong track record in this area. A particular success has been the use of a freeze drying technology to make collagen based porous implants for the cartilage-bone interface in the knee, which has now been commercialised. The novelty of this proposal lies in the broadening of the established scientific base of this technology to enable biomacromolecular structures with: (A) controlled and complex pore orientation to mimic many normal multi-oriented tissue structures (B) compositional and positional control to match varying local biochemical environments, (C) the attachment of novel peptides designed to control cell behaviour, and (D) mechanical control at both a local and macroscopic level to provide mechanical cues for cells. These will be complemented by the development of (E) robust characterisation methodologies for the structures created. These advances will then be employed in each of the medical areas above. This approach is highly interdisciplinary. Existing working relationships with experts in each medical field will guarantee expertise and licensed facilities in the required biological disciplines. Funds for this proposal would therefore establish a rich hub of mutually beneficial research and opportunities for cross-disciplinary sharing of expertise."
"This proposal develops a unified, underpinning technology to create novel, complex and biomimetic 3D environments for the control of tissue growth. As director of Cambridge Centre for Medical Materials, I have recently been approached by medical colleagues to help to solve important problems in the separate therapeutic areas of breast cancer, cardiac disease and blood disorders. In each case, the solution lies in complex 3D engineered environments for cell culture. These colleagues make it clear that existing 3D scaffolds fail to provide the required complex orientational and spatial anisotropy, and are limited in their ability to impart appropriate biochemical and mechanical cues. I have a strong track record in this area. A particular success has been the use of a freeze drying technology to make collagen based porous implants for the cartilage-bone interface in the knee, which has now been commercialised. The novelty of this proposal lies in the broadening of the established scientific base of this technology to enable biomacromolecular structures with: (A) controlled and complex pore orientation to mimic many normal multi-oriented tissue structures (B) compositional and positional control to match varying local biochemical environments, (C) the attachment of novel peptides designed to control cell behaviour, and (D) mechanical control at both a local and macroscopic level to provide mechanical cues for cells. These will be complemented by the development of (E) robust characterisation methodologies for the structures created. These advances will then be employed in each of the medical areas above. This approach is highly interdisciplinary. Existing working relationships with experts in each medical field will guarantee expertise and licensed facilities in the required biological disciplines. Funds for this proposal would therefore establish a rich hub of mutually beneficial research and opportunities for cross-disciplinary sharing of expertise."
Project acronym 3DAddChip
Project Additive manufacturing of 2D nanomaterials for on-chip technologies
Researcher (PI) Cecilia Mattevi
Summary The realization of “the internet of things” is inevitably constrained at the level of miniaturization that can be achieved in the electronic devices. A variety of technologies are now going through a process of miniaturization from micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) to biomedical sensors, and actuators. The ultimate goal is to combine several components in an individual multifunctional platform, realizing on-chip technology. Devices have to be constrained to small footprints and exhibit high performance. Thus, the miniaturization process requires the introduction of new manufacturing processes to fabricate devices in the 3D space over small areas. 3D printing via robocasting is emerging as a new manufacturing technique, which allows shaping virtually any materials from polymers to ceramic and metals into complex architectures. The goal of this research is to establish a 3D printing paradigm to produce miniaturized complex shape devices with diversified functions for on-chip technologies adaptable to “smart environment” such as flexible substrates, smart textiles and biomedical sensors. The elementary building blocks of the devices will be two-dimensional nanomaterials, which present unique optical, electrical, chemical and mechanical properties. The synergistic combination of the intrinsic characteristics of the 2D nanomaterials and the specific 3D architecture will enable advanced performance of the 3D printed objects. This research programme will demonstrate 3D miniaturized energy storage and energy conversion units fabricated with inks produced using a pilot plant. These units are essential components of any on-chip platform as they ensure energy autonomy via self-powering. Ultimately, this research will initiate new technologies based on miniaturized 3D devices.
The realization of “the internet of things” is inevitably constrained at the level of miniaturization that can be achieved in the electronic devices. A variety of technologies are now going through a process of miniaturization from micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) to biomedical sensors, and actuators. The ultimate goal is to combine several components in an individual multifunctional platform, realizing on-chip technology. Devices have to be constrained to small footprints and exhibit high performance. Thus, the miniaturization process requires the introduction of new manufacturing processes to fabricate devices in the 3D space over small areas. 3D printing via robocasting is emerging as a new manufacturing technique, which allows shaping virtually any materials from polymers to ceramic and metals into complex architectures. The goal of this research is to establish a 3D printing paradigm to produce miniaturized complex shape devices with diversified functions for on-chip technologies adaptable to “smart environment” such as flexible substrates, smart textiles and biomedical sensors. The elementary building blocks of the devices will be two-dimensional nanomaterials, which present unique optical, electrical, chemical and mechanical properties. The synergistic combination of the intrinsic characteristics of the 2D nanomaterials and the specific 3D architecture will enable advanced performance of the 3D printed objects. This research programme will demonstrate 3D miniaturized energy storage and energy conversion units fabricated with inks produced using a pilot plant. These units are essential components of any on-chip platform as they ensure energy autonomy via self-powering. Ultimately, this research will initiate new technologies based on miniaturized 3D devices.
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Krzysztof Pietrzak from CWI was awarded an ERC Starting Grant of € 1.1 million from the European Research Council for his proposal ‘Provable Security for Physical Cryptography’.
In 2010, six new ERC grant winners will be hosted at INRIA.
José Duato Winner of the Spanish National Research Award "Julio Rey Pastor
The Ministry of Science and Innovation has awarded to José Duato the Spanish National Research Award "Julio Rey Pastor" 2009 for the area of Mathematics and Information and Communication Technologies.
Anja Feldmann from TU Berlin is one of the ten winners of Germany's most prestigious research prize. The Joint Committee of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) named ten researchers, four women and six men, as the winners of the 2011 Leibniz Prize on 2 December 2010. The award winners were selected by the Nominations Committee from among 152 nominees.
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US Box Office Report: 11/09/15 – 13/09/15
14/09/2015 Callum Petch Leave a comment
The Perfect Guy charms his way to the top, The Visit proves surprisingly prosperous, $2 million In Heaven is better than $1 million In Heaven, Sleeping With Other People is a rather lucrative past-time, and Other Box Office News.
by Callum Petch (Twitter: @CallumPetch)
Ah, September. That time of the year where nothing much of interest comes out, yet the box office does all kinds of weird things, regardless. Specifically, it’s about time for a low-budget thriller of questionable value fronted by big name black actors and actresses to hold onto the top spot for a week. Yes, following in the footsteps of last year’s No Good Deed and 2009’s Obsessed, The Perfect Guy fought its way to a hard-earned victory with $26 million in ticket sales from just over 2,000 theatres, making this the fifth straight week in a row that a film predominately starring black actors and actresses has taken the top spot – after Straight Outta Compton’s three-peat and War Room’s surprising victory last week – which is news that Hollywood should really pay attention to.
It wasn’t always so certain for The Perfect Guy, however. Much like the movie industry itself, audiences decided to actually give M. Night Shyamalan one more shot – seriously, the fact that, despite everything post-Signs, this guy keeps getting funding for movies is proof that Hollywood is either incredibly forgiving or is just giving him more rope to embarrass himself with as a cruel joke – and turned up to see The Visit despite, y’know, it being a modern-day Shyamalan movie. In any case, it did surprisingly decently, with $25 million in ticket sales, just barely losing to another crappy thriller. Like, I said, interesting stuff happens on this chart in September, but that doesn’t mean that the films are actually any good.
Meanwhile, we have more terrible movies designed to suck money from devout Christians’ pockets, because there’s gotta be another God’s Not Dead sometime soon, right? This month’s attempt to shamelessly shake down its target audience is 90 Minutes In Heaven, starring Hayden Christensen for reasons that are both incredibly self-explanatory and incredibly unclear. Presumably because the audience still feels betrayed by the film’s lead actor having slaughtered the younglings all those years ago, this latest Lifetime-Movie-Disguised-As-Worthwhile-Entertainment did not take with moviegoers, and the film managed a pathetic 9th place and $2 million from 800 screens.
In Limited Release Land, the big story was the director of the criminally-underseen Bachelorette Leslye Headland’s second film, Sleeping With Other People. Riding some strong press from those who like it, and opening in the always profitable New York/Los Angeles scenes, the rom-com managed an excellent $103,125 opening on 5 screens, for a per-screen average of $20,625. It was not the only success story this weekend, mind. Meet the Patels, a documentary about an Indian-American trying to use traditional Indian dating methods to find the woman of his dreams and it looks way more charming than that sounds trust me, had a similarly strong 5 screen opening, with $75,597 for a $15,119 per-screen average. Finally, A Brilliant Young Mind – released in the UK as X+Y and which I have heard from a very trustworthy friend of mine is complete garbage – opened on 3 screens to a very respectable $36,000.
This Full List is pretty baffling to me, so I’m not going to do a pun intro. Just see for yourself.
Box Office Results: Friday 11th September 2015 – Sunday 13th September 2015
1] The Perfect Guy
$26,700,000 / NEW
This… seems to be becoming a thing. Terrible mid/low-budget thrillers about men stalking women, usually with a non-white lead, I mean. No Good Deed, The Boy Next Door, now this. I’m all for diversity in films, but this… I’d prefer that this not become a trend. Or, at least, I’d prefer that good versions of this movie become a trend, if they must become a trend.
2] The Visit
The words “rapping child” keep getting brought up around this movie, so absolutely no way am I ever seeing this. White people rapping is often rather cringeworthy as is – non-professionally, I mean – I do not see how making said White rapper a young boy is supposed to improve this situation.
3] War Room
$7,400,000 / $39,188,327
This is what made it to number 1 last weekend? This? This looks awful! In fact, no, it looks worse than awful, it looks absolutely incompetent. Look, American members of the Christian faith: I realise that you’re not well-served by the film industry, but hold yourselves up to higher standards, for crying out loud! If you tell the film industry that you’re going to turn up to any old crap, they’re going to keep making absolute crap.
4] A Walk In The Woods
This looks… pleasant. I really got nothing else, folks. Not until I get to see it this weekend, I mean.
5] Mission: Impossible – Rogue Nation
$4,150,000 / $188,172,518
Wait, what?! This is still here? And this high? WHY?! I mean, it was OK, I guess, but it wasn’t particularly brilliant and certainly not “Hell yes, Week 7 showing!” material. Why are you all still seeing this movie and, more importantly, where the fuck were all of you when Edge of Tomorrow was flopping painfully towards a way-too-low $100 million domestic?
6] Straight Outta Compton
Thanks to this sudden frustratingly crippling inability to write whilst I’m at home, I never did get around to properly reviewing Straight Outta Compton [Owen: although Brooker did for Failed Critics]. So, Short Version: as a film, it’s brilliant – exceptionally acted, well-directed, very decently paced, only occasionally lapses into Walk Hard self-parody, glad that it had a socially relevant message instead of just “N.W.A. were great”. Outside of that, though, it’s deeply problematic – it feels rather whitewashed, the misogyny is uncommented on, and the homophobia is suspiciously almost non-existent. In a way, I get the intention – if it depicted something like Dre’s woman-beating tendencies, then that risks dragging the audience’s attention and discussion away from the issue of institutionalised racism – but it still feels disingenuous and wrong, especially for this story.
In other words, it feels like a film version of N.W.A.’s work and of rap music and culture in general, something deeply problematic yet at the same time amazing and a force for some kind of good. And, therefore, I love it in the same way I love rap music.
7] No Escape
This bullshit is racist. Just wanted to remind you of that.
8] The Transporter Refueled
You can hear more in-depth thoughts on last week’s Screen 1 – which also includes my going nuclear on Me and Earl and the Dying Girl for those of you who like that sort of thing – but I surprisingly had fun with this one. Ed Skrein’s ‘tough guy’ voice is really grating, and the film really misses Statham’s effortless charisma, but I still had some fun regardless. Nothing great, nothing special, but some decent fun nonetheless.
9] 90 Minutes In Heaven
$2,160,911 / NEW
Remember when Hollywood tried to make Hayden Christensen a star? Fun times, fun times…
10] Un Gallo con Muchos Huevos
$1,900,000 / $6,667,352
…you know what, I’m just going to embed the trailer for this one and let you be the judge. I genuinely can’t decide whether this looks charming and somewhat fun, or the worst animated thing that has ever happened.
Dropped Out: The Man From U.N.C.L.E., Sinister 2, Inside Out
Callum Petch is gonna find out, he’s gonna get low. Follow him on the Twitters (@CallumPetch)!
201590 Minutes In HeavenA Walk In The WoodsBox Office ReportInside OutMeet The PatelsMission: Impossible – Rogue Nationno escapeSinister 2Sleeping With Other Peoplethe man from U.N.C.L.E.The Perfect GuyThe Transporter RefuelledThe VisitUn Gallo con Muchos HuevosWar RoomX+Y
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VA agrees to pay $20M in laptop theft case
By Mary Mosquera
The Veterans Affairs Department has agreed to pay $20 million to settle a lawsuit filed by veterans over the risk of potential identity theft when a VA laptop PC that contained their sensitive information was stolen in 2006. The laptop contained files with personally identifiable information on millions of veterans, such as names, birth dates and Social Security numbers.
Attorneys for the VA and the veterans filed legal papers Jan. 27 in U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia to settle the suit, and a judge must approve the terms of the settlement. The class-action lawsuit, filed in 2006, asked for $1,000 in damages for every veteran whose data was put at risk.
After the theft, the VA offered to provide credit protection for veterans whose data was on the laptop thieves stole from the Maryland home of a VA analyst. Law enforcement officials later recovered the laptop PC, and forensic investigators determined that the criminals had not accessed sensitive data, department officials said.
“We want to assure veterans there is no evidence that the information involved in this incident was used to harm a single veteran,” a VA spokeswoman said in a statement.
Taxpayers ultimately would pay for the $20 million proposed settlement through the Treasury Department’s Judgment Fund, the VA said. The fund is available for court judgments and the Justice Department's settlements of actual or imminent lawsuits against the government, according to Treasury's Web site. Congress appropriates funds for the account, and for settlements such as this, agencies do not reimburse the account, the department said.
In a notice the VA prepared to be sent to veterans about the proposed settlement, the department said a veteran could receive the actual cost of out-of-pocket expenses up to $1,500 with a valid claim submission, and the minimum payment for each valid claim would be $75.
The claim would be for expenses that were the direct result of the computer theft, including the purchase of credit monitoring to protect against identity loss and medical expenses incurred that were the result of severe emotional distress, the notice said.
The computer theft and the department's delay in notifying veterans and other federal officials prompted hearings in Congress, the firing of some VA officials, and revelations by the department's inspector general of serious gaps in computer and information security. In the wake of the theft, the Office of Management and Budget issued numerous requirements for agencies to strengthen the protection and confidentiality of personally identifiable information. Those measures include encrypting sensitive data on mobile devices, conducting inventories of systems that contain personal data and implementing a breach-notification process.
Mary Mosquera is a reporter for Federal Computer Week.
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These Oil Stocks Fell More Than 11% Today: Here's What You Need to Know Now
Jason Hall, The Motley Fool
Motley Fool August 15, 2018
Shares of California Resources Corp (NYSE: CRC), Diamondback Energy Inc (NASDAQ: FANG), and W&T Offshore, Inc. (NYSE: WTI) are down 11.4%, 11.7%, and 8.9% at 1:16 p.m. EDT on Aug. 15. Earlier in trading, all three were even lower before stabilizing near their current trading prices.
Oil prices have a hand in today's big drop. At this writing, Brent crude futures are down more than 2% to $70.88, while West Texas Intermediate futures are down a sharp 3% to below $65 per barrel. That's a multi-month low for both the global and U.S. benchmarks, which haven't traded this low since April and June, respectively.
Oil pumpjack in motion.
There's a little more to the story for Diamondback and W&T Offshore. Diamondback Energy announced it was acquiring Energen Corp (NYSE: EGN) in a deal with a total value of $9.2 billion. Diamondback would fund the acquisition entirely with stock, paying 0.6442 Diamondback shares for each Energen share. This will add significant Permian Basin acreage to Diamondback's total, but will also result in an additional $830 million in net debt.
The acquisition of Energen shouldn't come as a surprise for Diamondback shareholders; its CEO has made it clear that M&A is a key part of the company's strategy. And despite the market's reaction today, the company does have a solid track record with its prior acquisitions, though this is a substantial buy that may prove harder to leverage, particularly with the Permian's infrastructure getting maxxed out and it likely to be some time before many of the much-needed pipelines come online. Big, potentially transformative acquisitions often don't work out as well as management says they will, but Diamondback at least has a solid history of delivering per-share value with its past acquisitions.
W&T Offshore also released some news today, and there's far less upside to it than Diamondback's big acquisition. In a surprise move, the company's longtime CFO, Danny Gibbons, retired effective immediately. He will be replaced by Janet Yang, who has been with W&T for about a decade, as acting CFO. The company gave no further detail for its plans for a permanent replacement or why Gibbons retired without any notice.
The abrupt loss of a key executive can be unsettling, and that uncertainty, along with a sharp drop in oil prices, clearly spooked a lot of shareholders into selling today. But it's not likely that Gibbons' retirement signals anything fundamentally different for the company or its prospects.
While Diamondback and W&T Offshore announced material events that do affect their businesses, the reason behind today's big decline in oil prices bears watching. There could be a coming confluence of events that send oil prices down even farther. According to reports, OPEC's oil production rose in July, even though Saudi Arabia actually reported a decline in output. At the same time, U.S. crude oil inventories increased 6.8 million barrels, a shock to a market that was expecting a 2-plus-million-barrel decline in the stockpile.
U.S. oil production continues to climb higher, even as the peak U.S. summer driving season comes to an end and serious concerns about weakening global oil demand arise.
Put it all together, and today's sell-off for these three independent oil producers is a painful reminder that even the most high-quality oil producers' prospects are heavily tied to something they cannot control: crude oil prices.
3 Stocks That Are Absurdly Cheap Right Now
5 Warren Buffett Principles to Remember in a Volatile Stock Market
The Must-Read Trump Quote on Social Security
10 Reasons Why I'm Selling All of My Apple Stock
Jason Hall has no position in any of the stocks mentioned. The Motley Fool has no position in any of the stocks mentioned. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy.
Is It Time To Consider Buying Polaris Industries Inc. (NYSE:PII)?
3 Stocks Warren Buffett Would Love to Own
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About ITG
In response to the need to ensure equal access to electronic and information technologies, ITG has developed a set of standards for Web page design. In recognition of those individuals with visual, physical, or developmental disabilities, ITG has adopted a policy to make web information accessible to all.
It has been estimated that 54 million people or 20.6 percent of all Americans have some level of disability. Technological advances are eliminating many of the physical and informational barriers that have long existed for people with disabilities.
Public awareness of disability issues is growing and changing. America’s population is aging and disability increases with age. The number of Americans aged 65 and older is projected to increase 135% between 1995 and 2050, according to the Census Bureau.
ITG is committed to making its Web systems accessible to all users and is committed to making the Web pages compliant with Section 508 standards.
Web Design Standards
These standards are influenced by those recommended by the Access Board and W3C. The Access Board is responsible for developing the standards outlined by the amended Rehabilitation Act of 1998. Universal design calls for appropriate use of auxiliary aids and services where necessary to ensure communication.
ITG has adopted the standards, mentioned above, of the design of HTML pages to increase accessibility to users with disabilities as the primary guideline to provide access to all people independent of physical limitations. These standards are maintained by professionals trained in the area of assistive and information technology.
ITG embraces these standards and will be evaluating its site on a regular basis, increasing the opportunity for all individuals to access information on its systems. The Access Design Standards are being integrated into ITG and will continue to evolve as new technologies and opportunities emerge.
Our primary goal is to provide access to any information component in the system to people with physical limitations. Additionally, accessibility and usability are structured to comply with the 508 guide: Technical Standards; Web-based Intranet and Internet Information and applications (1194.22.)
High priority is given to the following:
Every graphic image has an “alt” tag and a short description that is intuitive to the user. If a graphic image is used as a navigation element, it contains text description and direction that is intuitive to the user.
The Web system has descriptive, intuitive text links and avoids the use of vague references such as “click,” “here,” “link” or “this.” Forms include explicitly associated labels to assist input or contain title identification on the input area.
The use of frames is avoided since screen readers cannot read them intelligently, they create navigation problems and all browsers do not support them.
Tables include textual information displayed in a linear form across the table; additionally, cells are explicitly associated to aid as reference.
Colors are avoided as a sole means for communicating information since color schemes can create accessibility problems to people with color blindness and with legibility.
Work Instructions for Software Development
ITG has established work instruction for the development of software that guides designers and publishers to identify important access issues when new Web pages and software components are created. This technical guide is for internal use and will indicate procedures that will be followed to set the standards to provide maximum Web page accessibility and usability.
Testing tools, although they help identify initial accessibility barriers, do not fully identify all issues. The Web-pages of ITG have been tested for accessibility with a combination of software tools. Web authoring, as well as testing software and screen readers have been used to evaluate the accessibility level of the system and its compliance with the 508 guidelines.
Known Limitations of this Policy
Although a significant effort has been made to provide accessibility to all people with or without disabilities, this policy does not include requirements for every known disability. The quality work instruction for software development (QWI-19 available on the Document Control System) provides guidelines for creation of new pages and known issues on accessibility limitations.
Event handlers: Even though events in JavaScript are used they are not needed to access information or perform user-triggered functions. Cascade Style Sheets: Disabling CSS does alter the existing font appearance. Use of color: Color is used in occasions; however, it is mostly for decorative purposes and it is not the sole means of communicating information.
Please contact ITG if you have any problems accessing information on the web system at:
info508@itgonline.com
© ITG – All Rights Reserved
Contact ITG about your Email Parsing requirements
Dustin Asbury
Jason Kellogg
sales@itgonline.com
ITG offers customizable Email Parsing solutions to meet your needs.
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2014 Shanghai stampede
On December 31, 2014, a deadly stampede occurred in Shanghai, near Chen Yi Square on the Bund, where around 300,000 people had gathered for the new year celebration. 36 people were killed and 49 injured, 13 seriously.[1]
2014年跨年夜上海外滩陈毅广场踩踏事件
31 December 2014 (2014-12-31)
The Bund, Shanghai, China
31°14′16.9″N 121°29′10.1″E / 31.238028°N 121.486139°E / 31.238028; 121.486139
Non-fatal injuries
The stampede began at about 23:35 local time on New Year's Eve. The incident centered on a stairway leading up to a viewing platform overlooking the river. Some people were trying to climb to the platform while others were trying to go down, causing panic and confusion.[2][3] People standing on the steps to the viewing platform began to fall down the stairs, collapsing into each other.[4]
There were reports that a planned New Year's light show had been canceled at the last minute and that the crowd control measures required for such a show were not in place.[5]
Rumors of cash couponsEdit
Video ‹See Tfd›(in Chinese)
Early reports stated that people were throwing cash coupons resembling U.S. dollars into the crowd.[6] One of the victims stated that cash coupons were thrown onto the street from a bar and that several of the people had rushed to grab them.[7] However, the Shanghai police later denied social media reports that the stampede was triggered by people stopping to pick up coupons, saying that "video footage showed that the bills had been thrown after the crush took place".[3] An 18-year-old witness told news portal Sina: "I've seen people saying that the stampede happened because people were throwing fake money. But I don't think that's the main reason — there was so much distance, there's no way the money could have blown over to the viewing platform."[2]
RescueEdit
Site near the stampede on 1 January
A girl mourning for the victims
At approximately 23:50, people started to realize the danger and began to retreat from the crowd.[8] The police at the scene also started to instruct people to evacuate from the second level. At 23:55, police and citizens had formed a wall to make way for ambulances.[8][9] The injured were then sent to local hospitals.[8]
After the accident, the government of Shanghai formed a working group to coordinate the rescue, led by mayor Yang Xiong.[10]
The identities of all victims have been confirmed, according to the local government.[11] The youngest victim was 12 years old.[11]
As a result of the stampede, similar New Year celebration events on December 31, 2015 were cancelled.
ResponseEdit
Central governmentEdit
President and General Secretary of the Communist Party Xi Jinping and Premier Li Keqiang ordered the Shanghai government to "go all out" in its rescue efforts.[12] On January 1, Xi and Li called for an immediate investigation into the source of the accident.[12] Xi Jinping also said a profound lesson should be learned from the incident.[12]
Shanghai governmentEdit
The local government cancelled all New Year celebration activities on January 1, including the New Year's marathon and Shanghai Tower light show.[13][14] Guyi Garden, Fangta Garden and Yu Garden's Lantern Festival were also cancelled.[15] On the morning of the 1st, citizens mourned for the victims at the Bund.[16]
This stampede was front page on local newspapers on the morning of January 1.[17][18] The media needed to seek authorization for reporting this news, which was impossible to obtain at midnight.[19] The official WeChat account of local government released relevant news at 9 a.m. the next day.[20]
Media reports indicated that the cancellation of a planned light show led to a reduction in the number of police assigned to the event, resulting in only 700 police officers (as compared to 6000 in 2013) at the scene. However, the crowd was no smaller than in previous years, possibly because a scaled-down version of the light show was being held at different venue with a similar name.[4]
Media outlets have faced criticism for publishing personal information posted online by victims or their families.[5]
^ "Shanghai new year crush kills 35". BBC News. 31 December 2014. Retrieved 31 December 2014.
^ a b "Shanghai: dozens killed and injured in stampede at new year celebrations". The Guardian. 1 January 2015.
^ a b "Shanghai crush: Xi Jinping orders new year investigation". BBC. 2 January 2015.
^ a b "Sequence of errors led to Shanghai stampede". Washington Post.
^ a b "Shanghai Stampede: Chinese Media Criticized Amid Conflicting Reports And Confusion". International Business Times. 3 January 2015.
^ 上海踩踏事故原因仍在调查中 确认有人现场撒钱 (in Chinese). 中国新闻网. 中国广播网. 1 January 2015. Retrieved 1 January 2015.
^ Jourdan, Adam (1 January 2014). "Shanghai New Year's Eve stampede kills 35 after fake money thrown from building". Reuters. Shanghai. Retrieved Jan 1, 2015.
^ a b c 上海外滩踩踏事故时间还原 (in Chinese). Netease. 1 January 2015.
^ 上海外滩踩踏现场：有人自发手拉手维持秩序 (in Chinese). Tencent. 1 January 2015.
^ 上海成立工作组处置外滩踩踏事件 (in Chinese). Government of Shanghai. 1 January 2015.
^ a b 上海外滩踩踏事件36位遇难者名单全部公布. People's Daily (in Chinese). 3 January 2015.
^ a b c "Xi demands immediate investigation into Shanghai stampede" (in Chinese). Xinhuanet. 2 January 2015. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
^ 杨静 (2015-01-01). "外滩陈毅广场发生踩踏事件 上海取消元旦所有跨年活动". Eastday.com. Retrieved 2015-01-01.
^ "Archived copy" 外滩陈毅广场发生踩踏事件 上海取消元旦所有跨年活动 (in Chinese). Xinhuanet. January 1, 2015. Archived from the original on 2015-01-01. Retrieved 2015-01-02. CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
^ Xinmin Evening News (2015-01-10). "本市取消豫园等三大灯会". Netease. Retrieved 2015-01-11.
^ 上海市民自发在外滩祭奠逝者. People's Daily (in Chinese). 1 January 2015.
^ 东方早报 - 2015年1月1日 - 封面
^ 文汇报 - 2015年1月1日 - 封面
^ "上海踩踏事件敲响纸媒丧钟". 163.com. 3 January 2015.
^ 上海发布 - 外滩陈毅广场昨夜发生拥挤踩踏事故，致数十人伤亡
Special report on NetEase
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2014_Shanghai_stampede&oldid=901883082"
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Boca del Río, Veracruz
Boca del Río is a city and municipality located in the center of the Mexican state of Veracruz. The small city of Boca del Río serves as the seat of the municipality. The municipality lies just south of the municipality of Veracruz, and contains a part of the city and city and port of Veracruz. It is a port in its own right, as well as the metropolitan area's center for business travel and upscale hotels and restaurants. The city contains two museums, one dedicated to Agustín Lara and the other a military ship that has been converted into a museum. However, the municipality's main feature is the World Trade Center Veracruz, which hosts business meetings, conferences and conventions.[1]
Boca del Río
City & Municipality
Location in Mexico
Coordinates: 19°06′20″N 96°06′28″W / 19.10556°N 96.10778°W / 19.10556; -96.10778Coordinates: 19°06′20″N 96°06′28″W / 19.10556°N 96.10778°W / 19.10556; -96.10778
• Municipal President
Humberto Alonso Morelli (PAN)
• Municipality
(of seat)
UTC-6 (Central (US Central))
UTC-5 (Central)
Postal code (of seat)
‹See Tfd›(in Spanish) Municipal Official Site
The name “Boca del Río” is from Spanish, meaning “mouth of the river” and refers to the mouth of the Jamapa River as it flows into the Gulf of Mexico. The pre-Hispanic name for the area was Tlapaquitan, which means “divided land.”[1]
From 1000 to 1200 BCE, the area was under Olmec domination. The area officially came under Aztec domination in 1474 and is mentioned in the Codex Mendoza as part of the district of Cuetlachtlan. However, the Aztecs had been active here for sometime before that. In 1518, Juan de Grijalva came to the area with his crew and named the river “Río de las Banderas” because they saw indigenous peoples communicating across the river with flags. In the same year, the first Christian rites were performed at a chapel called Nuestra Señora de Santa Ana. In 1879, the localities of Hacienda de Santa Maria Punta, Hato and Anton Lizardo were separated from the municipality and joined with neighboring Alvarado municipality. In 1892, the Veracruz- Tierra Blanca rail line was built, passing through Boca del Río. The settlement gained city status in 1988.[1]
From the early 2000s, crime and pollution have been the city's major challenges. Like much of the rest of Mexico, drug trafficking causes significant incidents of violence such as the ambush and murder of three agents of the Inter-municipal Police[2] and the murder and mutilation of rivals.[3] There is a problem with the theft of aluminum and copper cables from certain parts of the city[4] but the major crime story to date has been the theft of over 1 million pesos worth of merchandise, mostly jewelry and watches, from the Ejército Mexicano branch of the Nacional Monte de Piedad. The thieves had cut a hole in the back wall of the building and then cut the alarm system and cameras to work their way into the vault.[5]
From the late 20th century to the present, pollution, especially of the beaches, has been an issue. There are complaints that the waters off the beaches of Boca del Rio, especially Playa Los Arcos are contaminated, with foamy, grey, malodorous waters. Authorities state that all of Boca's beaches are within sanitary norms and pose no risk to visitors.[6] Merchants in Boca del Río, as well as the city of Veracruz, have appealed to state authorities for help with the sanitation problems of the beaches here, claiming that the garbage and foul smell drive away tourists.[7] In 2008, the city began a program to recycle motor oil and other used automobile fluids in cooperation with a company called Eco-Klin and the federal environmental agency SEMARNAT. The purpose of the free collection system is to keep the fluids from being dumped in drains or burned by consumers.[8]
In October 2007, a statue of former President Vicente Fox, sculpted by Bernardo Luis López Artasanchez, was pulled down by youths on the boulevard named for the ex-president. Local members of the political party PRI were blamed for the vandalism.[9] The event caused a major scandal in the state of Veracruz and received national press, as Fox was the first non-PRI president since the early 20th century.[9][10] The statue has since then been repaired and put back in its place.[10] During the AH1N1 crisis in Mexico in April 2009, beaches of Veracruz and Boca del Rio suffered a 43 to 46 percent decline in visitors.[11]
The cityEdit
View of central Boca del Rio to the northeast, taken from the "Puente de Amistad" (Friendship Bridge)
Panoramic view of Boca del Rio
The city is part of the metropolitan area of Veracruz and its port works closely with the port of Veracruz. Much of the area's modern and luxury hotel and restaurant infrastructure is located here, centered around the World Trade Center Veracruz.[1][12] The main church is called the Parish of Santa Ana, which was constructed in 1776. Nearby is the colonial-style municipal palace.[1] The Plaza Civica is in front of the municipal palace and contains the Nahuatl Fountain. The main dock is called Muella Banderas.[12]
The Agustín Lara House Museum, also called the “La Casita Blanca” (The Little White House) exhibits works, photographs and personal effects of the poet Agustín Lara, who was called “El Flaco de Oro” (The Golden Skinny One).[1][13] News clips, caricatures and a replica of the radio studio where he hosted " La Hora Azul" ("The Blue Hour") are among the items on display. Lara was one of the city's most famous sons as a popular songwriter and singer in Mexico. Lara began his career playing the piano in brothels and later became a bullfighter. Lara had seven wives, one of whom was Mexican screen diva María "La Doña" Félix, for whom he wrote the song, "María Bonita." To be a gentleman, when he and Félix were about to break up, he married her to "make an honest woman of her" even though they had lived together for years [14]
A ship museum called the Buque Cañonero (Cannon Ship) Guanajuato is located here. When the ship was decommissioned, it was decided to restore it as a naval museum rather than to scrap it. It is considered to be one of the most important naval museums in Latin America. The ship contains an arms room, a telecommunications room, infirmary, bunks, dining room and library. The themes covered include the history of the ship itself as well as naval warfare simulation room, based on the technology of the Xbox 360.[12]
Boca del Río's two major festivals occur in the summer and are collectively known as the Fiestas del Boca del Río (Festivals of Boca del Rio) or simply Fiestas de Boca. Events take place at various locations such as the Plaza Civica, the Plaza Dorada, the Gutierrez Barrios Theatre, the Plaza Banderas, the San Pedro y San Pablo Church and Vicente Fox Boulevard.[15] Bocafest occurs each year in June when a number of musical artists play in the main venues of the city, especially in Plaza Banderas. Musical styles represented range from the very traditional Mexican folk to electronic music.[12] In 2008, featured artists included Natalia Lafourcade and Aleks Syntek. Other events include Mexican and Caribbean folk dance and music and art expositions.[15] The Feast of Saint Ann is the main traditional festival of the city, taking place from 24 to 31 July. The days are filled with cultural as well as religious events.[12]
The Expo Regional Ylang Ylang (Ylang Ylang Regional Expo) occurs from the end of May to the beginning of June and showcases the area agricultural, craft, industrial and commercial production. It also has cockfights, rodeos (called palenques) and folkdance such as jaripeos.[12] From the end of May to the beginning of June is held the annual agricultural, crafts, industrial and commercial fair of the city, with cockfights, rodeos and folk dance. Crafts here include seashell jewelry, wooden boxes, key rings and trinkets made with ocean materials such as coral and pebbles.[1]
Veracruz's annual carnival parade passes along the boardwalk that connects the port of Boca del Rio with the port of Veracruz. It is one of the highlights of the event, which has contained as many as 35 dance groups, 10 bands and over 100 floats.[16] The city is mentioned in the Guinness Book of World Records for preparing the largest seafood-filled fish in the world.[1]
The municipalityEdit
View of the entrance to the WTC Veracruz (right)
The major attraction of the municipality is the World Trade Center Veracruz, serving business travelers.[1] The World Trade Center Veracruz is affiliated with the World Trade Center Association and is the organization's third site in Mexico. The center has 16,000m2 of space with elevators, escalators, handicapped access, commercial stands, lockers, ticket windows, parking lot and direct access to a neighboring mall and hotel.[17] It hosts business meetings and professional conferences as well as cultural events.[1] It has its own art gallery, the Galería Veracruzana de Arte (Veracruz Gallery of Art), which is a joint Project between the World Trade Center Veracruz and the Coordinación de Difusión Cultural y Artística del Sistema DIF Estatal (Coordination of Cultural and Artistic Diffusion of the State DIF System). The art center holds temporary exhibits from a variety of artist and with different themes. Some of the shows in 2009 included a collection of portraits done by Mexican artist Enrique Estrada, landscapes of Veracruz state by Armando Zesatti and a photo exhibit named “Lenguajes fotograficas.”[18] The World Trade Center Veracruz also contains an ice-skating rink, something that has become popular in Mexico.[19]
As municipal seat, the city of Boca del Río is the local government of 18 other localities,[20] which together make up a territory of 42.77km2.[1] Only 7.2% of the municipality's population of 138,058 lives in the municipal seat, while 126,507 (91.63%) lives in the Veracruz city portion of the municipality. The municipality borders the municipalities of Veracruz, Alvarado and Medellín with the Gulf of Mexico to the east. It has a territory of 42.77km2. It is located on the central zone of the state and part of the plains known as the Llanuras del Sotavento. The main river is the Jamapa, which empties here into the Gulf of Mexico.[1] At the mouth of this river, there are mangroves and boat tours are available to see them and the nearby Moreno Arroyo.[12] The municipality has a hot, humid climate with most rain falling from June to October. It is mostly covered in perennially green tropical forest with some pines in the highest elevations. Tree species that can be found here include sapodilla and mahogany with most animal species being small mammals such as armadillos, squirrels, rabbits, opossums and foxes. There are deposits of oil and natural gas within the territory.[1]
About 1,618 hectares of the municipality is dedicated to agriculture, mostly growing corn and beans. Livestock is mostly dairy and beef cattle, with some pigs, sheep, horses and domestic fowl. In the higher elevations there is some lumber harvesting. This employs less than two percent of the municipality's population. Industry is mostly dedicated to citrus packing, manufacture of concrete tubes, chemical products and pre-mixed concrete. This employs about a third of the municipality's population, with commerce employing almost the rest of the people. Tourism is mostly related to business and professional conferences, much of which is related to the World Trade Center Veracruz.[1]
Isla de Sacrificios
Off the coast of Boca del Río is an island called Isla de Sacrificios (part of Veracruz Municipality), which measures 450 meters long and 198 meters wide, the largest of a group of islands that are in front of the Boca del Río and Veracruz ports. The island is part of a system of twenty three coral reefs called the Veracruz Reef System which is a national park.(murtur)[21] It is possible to kayak to the Isla de Sacrificios to observe seagulls, pelicans and the fish that inhabit the coral reef.[22] In 1983, a study and initial cleanup project was undertaken at the island, which collected fifty tons of trash. Shortly thereafter, the island was closed to the public and since then, there has been a struggle between authorities, tour operators and fisherman as to the fate of the island. There are those who would like to build hotels, restaurants and other facilities for ecotourism. However, access to the island has been restricted to research, teaching and the occasional sporting event.[21] The island contains one of the lighthouses used to guide ships into the ports of Veracruz and Boca del Rio.[12]
Boca del Río is twinned with:
Tampa, Florida, USA[23]
West Valley City, Utah, USA[24]
Tacoma, Washington, USA[25]
Towns and villagesEdit
The localities (cities, towns, and villages) are:[20]
2010 Census Population
Veracruz (part) 126,507
Boca del Río 9,947
Paso Colorado 912
San José Novillero 316
El Estero 102
Bajos del Jobo (Puente Moreno) 100
Residencial el Dorado 52
El Terraplén 35
Rancho JF 30
Camino al Manglar 21
Fraccionamiento Rivera de la Condesa 19
Colonia Graciano Sánchez 10
Laura y Concepción 4
El Zafiro 3
Casa de la Condesa de Malibrán 0
Santa Lilia 0
Las Bombas (Compuerta de la Zamorana) 0
Boca del Río [rural locality] 0
La Pinagoga 0
Total Municipality 138,058
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México Estado de Veracruz Boca del Río" (in Spanish). Mexico: INAFED. Archived from the original on June 16, 2011. Retrieved January 12, 2010.
^ "Cobra el crimen organizado 13 vidas en 48 horas" [Organized crime takes 13 lives in 48 hours]. La Jornada (in Spanish). Mexico City. Notimex. 19 March 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2010.
^ "Identifican a decapitados en Boca del Río, Veracruz" [Decapitated bodies in Boca del Río identified]. El Universal (in Spanish). Veracruz. 21 May 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2010.
^ "Sigue robo de cable en Boca del Río" [Continue to rob cable in Boca del Rio]. El Democrata El Periodico del Pueblo (in Spanish). Veracruz. 29 December 2009. Archived from the original on 2015-10-18. Retrieved January 12, 2010.
^ "Atracan Monte de Piedad en Boca del Río, Veracruz" [Monte de Piedad robbed in Boca del Río, Veracruz]. Milenio (in Spanish). Mexico. Notimex. 4 May 2009. Retrieved January 12, 2010. [dead link]
^ "Espera playa sucia a vacacionistas" [Dirty beach awaits vacationers]. El Norte (in Spanish). Monterrey. 25 May 2009. p. 13.
^ García Flores, Lev (13 July 2007). "Piden limpiar Veracruz" [Asking to clean Veracruz]. Mural (in Spanish). Guadalajara, Mexico. p. 13.
^ Gómez, Edgar (1 September 2009). "En Boca del Río y Veracruz iniciara campaña de acopio de aceites automotrices usados" [In Boca del Rio begins campaign to collect used motor oil]. Orizaba en red (in Spanish). Orizaba, Veracruz. Retrieved January 12, 2010.
^ a b "Derriban priistas la estatua de Fox" [Statue of Fox pulled down by members of PRI]. El Norte (in Spanish). Monterrey. 14 October 2007. p. 3.
^ a b Quijano, Julio Alejandro (23 December 2007). "Protagonistas del 2007" [Protangonists of 2007]. El Universal (in Spanish). Mexico City.
^ Meré, Dayna (9 May 2009). "Cae 96% turismo en playas" [Beach tourism falls 96%]. Reforma (in Spanish). Mexico City. p. 1.
^ a b c d e f g h "Turismo" [Tourism] (in Spanish). Boca del Río, Veracruz: Municipality of Boca del Río. Archived from the original on February 10, 2010. Retrieved January 12, 2010.
^ "Centro Histórico de la Ciudad y Puerto de Veracruz" [Historic Center of the City and the Port of Veracruz] (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2009-04-11. Retrieved 2009-10-29.
^ Alisau Graber, Patricia. "Un poco de gracia". MexConnect. Retrieved 2009-10-29.
^ a b "Festival Boca del Rio 2008 en Veracruz" [Boca del Rio Festival in Veracruz] (in Spanish). Archived from the original on January 26, 2009. Retrieved January 12, 2010.
^ "Suspenden desfile de carnaval por la lluvia" [Carnival parade suspended due to rain]. El Universal (in Spanish). Mexico City. 23 February 2009. p. 14.
^ "World Trade Center Veracruz". Boca del Rio, Veracruz: World Trade Center Veracruz. Archived from the original on August 11, 2009. Retrieved January 12, 2010.
^ "Centro de Arte WTC" [WTC Art Center] (in Spanish). Boca del Rio, Veracruz: World Trade Center Veracruz. Retrieved January 12, 2010.
^ Jiménez, Verónica; Manuel Vázquez; Lev García; Manuel Appendini (26 December 2008). "Viven Estados 'boom' de patinaje en hielo" [States experiencing boom in ice rinks]. Mural (in Spanish). Guadalajara, Monterrey. p. 10.
^ a b 2010 census tables: INEGI Archived May 2, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
^ a b Cortanos Delgado, Gabriela (2005-10-31). "La isla in disputa" [The island in dispute]. La Jornada Ecológica (in Spanish). Mexico City: UNAM. Retrieved 2009-10-30.
^ "Portal de Ciudadano Veracruz" [Veracruz Citizen Portal] (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2009-04-05. Retrieved 2009-10-29.
^ "Tampa Sister Cities from City of Tampa website". Tampagov.net. Archived from the original on 2007-10-18. Retrieved 2011-04-17.
^ "Sister city meeeting agenda" (PDF). www.utah.gov. August 5, 2015.
^ "Tacoma's Sister Cities - City of Tacoma". www.cityoftacoma.org.
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Helen Donath
Helen Jeanette Donath (née Erwin; born July 10, 1940) is an American soprano with a career spanning fifty years.
Helen Jeanette Erwin
(1940-07-10) July 10, 1940 (age 79)
Corpus Christi, Texas, U.S.
operatic soprano
She was born in Corpus Christi, Texas and studied there at Del Mar College in New York with Paola Novikova. She debuted as a concert and Lieder singer in New York in 1958. In 1961, she became a member of the Opernstudio at the Cologne Opera. She sang from 1963 until 1968 at the Staatsoper Hannover where she met her future husband, choir master and conductor Klaus Donath. Their son, Alexander Donath, is a stage and opera director. In 2000, all three were involved in Michigan Opera Theatre's production of Der Rosenkavalier where Donath sang the Marschallin.[1]
In 1967, she sang Pamina in Mozart's The Magic Flute at the Salzburg Festival, which began a long association with the festival. From 1970 until 1990, she was a regular member of the Vienna State Opera. She has performed all over the world including at the Vienna State Opera, Metropolitan Opera, Salzburg Festival, Covent Garden, La Scala, Barcelona, Paris, Florence, Tokyo, Berlin, Munich. In 2006, she had performances as Despina in Così fan tutte at the Vienna State Opera, Salzburg Festival and other places.[citation needed]
Donath performed works of Bach, Mozart, Haydn, Schumann, Wagner, Richard Strauss, and has worked and recorded under Herbert von Karajan, Karl Richter, Wolfgang Sawallisch, Rafael Kubelík, Antal Doráti, Leonard Bernstein, Georg Solti, Giuseppe Patanè, Daniel Barenboim, Nikolaus Harnoncourt, Neville Marriner, Helmuth Rilling, Colin Davis, Eugen Jochum, Riccardo Muti, Zubin Mehta, Eliahu Inbal. She was awarded in 2005 the Verdienstkreuz I. Klasse des Niedersächsischen Verdienstordens (Cross of Merit 1st Class of Lower Saxony), in 1990 the Niedersachsenpreis (State Prize of Lower Saxony) and made Kammersängerin of Bavaria.[citation needed]
RecordingsEdit
Donath has made many opera and operetta recordings with various companies. Her finest moments on disc include her Eva in Wagner's Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg and Sophie in Strauss's Der Rosenkavalier.[original research?]
Beethoven: Fidelio (as Marzelline), with Helga Dernesch, Jon Vickers, Zoltán Kelemen, Karl Ridderbusch, José van Dam, Chorus of the Deutsche Oper, Berlin and Berliner Philharmoniker, (con.) Herbert von Karajan (EMI)
Gluck: Orfeo ed Euridice (as Amor), with Marilyn Horne, Pilar Lorengar, and Royal Opera House Orchestra, (con.) Sir Georg Solti (Decca)
Puccini: Gianni Schicchi (as Lauretta), with Rolando Panerai, Vera Baniewicz, Peter Seiffert, Munich Radio Symphony Orchestra, and Bavarian Radio Chorus, (con.) Giuseppe Patanè (RCA)
Lehár: The Land of Smiles (as Lisa), with Martin Finke, Klaus Hirte, Siegfried Jerusalem, Brigitte Lindner, Chor des Bayerischen Rundfunks, and Münchner Rundfunkorchester, (con.) Willi Boskovsky (EMI)
Strauss, R: Arabella (as Zdenka), with Júlia Várady, Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau, Walter Berry, Helga Schmidt, Elfriede Hobarth, Adolf Dallapozza, and Bavarian State Orchestra and Opera Chorus, (con.) Wolfgang Sawallisch (Orfeo)
Strauss, R: Der Rosenkavalier (as Sophie), with Régine Crespin, Yvonne Minton, Manfred Jungwirth, Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra, and Sir Georg Solti (Decca)
Verdi: Un ballo in maschera (as Oscar), with Luciano Pavarotti, Sherrill Milnes, Renata Tebaldi, Regina Resnik, and Orchestra dell'Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia, (con.) Bruno Bartoletti (Decca)
Mozart: The Magic Flute (as Pamina), with Günther Leib, Peter Schreier, Leipzig Radio Chorus Orchestra, Staatskapelle Dresden Orchestra (RCA)
Monteverdi: L'incoronazione di Poppea (as Poppea), with Elisabeth Söderström, Cathy Berberian, Paul Esswood, and Concentus Musicus Wien, (con.) Nikolaus Harnoncourt (Teldec)
Wagner: Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg (as Eva), with René Kollo, Theo Adam, Peter Schreier, Geraint Evans, Karl Ridderbusch, Chor der Staatsoper Dresden, Chor des Leipziger Rundfunks and Staatskapelle Dresden, (con.) Herbert von Karajan (EMI)
Haydn: L'anima del filosofo, with Robert Swensen, Sylvia Greenberg, Thomas Quasthoff, Paul Hansen, Azuko Suzuki, Bavarian Radio Chorus and Munich Radio Orchestra, (con.) Leopold Hager (Orfeo)
Humperdinck: Hänsel und Gretel, with Anna Moffo, Christa Ludwig, Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau, Charlotte Berthold, Arleen Auger, Lucia Popp, the Münchner Rundfunkorchester, Tölzer Knabenchor, and Kurt Eichhorn as conductor. RCA 1999
Hindemith Sancta Susanna, as Susanna with Gabriele Schnaut (Klementia) and Gabriele Schreckenbach (Alte Nonne), Janis Martin, Damen des RIAS Kammerchors, Radio-Symphonie-Orchester Berlin, Gerd Albrecht, conductor
Other recordings
Bach: Christmas Oratorio / Schreier
Bach: Cantatas BWV 41 / Rilling
Bach: Cantatas BWV 119–121 / Rilling
Bach: Easter Cantatas / Rilling
Bach: Magnificat / Gönnenwein
Bach: St Matthew Passion / K. Richter (DVD)
Bach: St John Passion / K. Richter (DVD)
Beethoven: Fidelio / Leonard Bernstein
Beethoven: Missa solemnis / Kubelik
Beethoven: Symphony No. 9 / Celibidache
Beethoven: Symphony No 9 / Kubelik
Blendinger: Media in Vita, Sawallisch, with Hermann Becht, Bayerisches Staatsorchester
Bizet: Carmen / Lorin Maazel
Debussy: Pelléas et Mélisande / Kubelik
Flotow: Alessandro Stradella/ Wallberg, Schartner
Gluck: Orfeo ed Euridice / Solti
Handel: Messiah / K. Richter
Haydn: La vera costanza / Doráti
Haydn: The Creation, The Seasons / Koch
Humperdinck: Königskinder / Wallberg
Lehár: The Merry Widow (as Valencienne), with Bavarian Radio Chorus and Munich Radio Orchestra, Heinz Wallberg conducting (EMI)
Mahler: Symphony No. 4 / Inbal
Mozart: Così fan tutte / Honeck (DVD)
Mozart: Great Mass in C minor, Mass in C major, Requiem / C. Davis
Mozart: The Magic Flute / Suitner
Mozart: Don Giovanni / Barenboim
Mozart: La finta semplice / Hager
Mozart: The Marriage of Figaro / C. Davis
Mozart: Lucio Silla / Hager
Mozart: Unknown Arias for Soprano / Donath
Nicolai: The Merry Wives of Windsor / Klee
Pfitzner: Das Christ-Elflein / Eichhorn
Pfitzner: Palestrina / Kubelik
Schubert: Sacred Works / Sawallisch
Schubert: "The Shepherd on the Rock" / Donath
Schubert: Masses, etc. / Sawallisch
Schubert: Cantata Lazarus with Wolfgang Sawallisch, Bavarian Radio Orchestra
Schumann: Requiem, etc. / Klee,
Schumann: Der Rose Pilgerfahrt, Op. 112, Sawallisch
Wagner: Der Ring des Nibelungen / Karajan, Berlin
Weber: Der Freischütz / Sawallisch
This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful.
Find sources: "Helen Donath" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (July 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
^ George Bulanda, "S/he loves me (not)", MetroTimes.com, April 19, 2000.
Biography and photos, bach-cantatas.com
Biography, classicalarchives.com
Helen Donath on IMDb
Interview with Helen Donath, June 18, 1992
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Not to be confused with Abadan.
Ibadan (UK: /ɪˈbædən/, US: /ɪˈbɑːdən/;[3] Yoruba: Ìbàdàn) is the capital and most populous city of Oyo State, Nigeria. With a population of over 3 million, it is the third most populous city in Nigeria after Lagos and Kano; it is the country's largest city by geographical area. At the time of Nigeria's independence in 1960, Ibadan was the largest and most populous city in the country, and the second most populous in Africa behind Cairo.
Overlooking Ibadan (October 2016)
Ile Oluyole Ilu Ogunmola
Location in Nigeria
Coordinates: 7°23′47″N 3°55′0″E / 7.39639°N 3.91667°E / 7.39639; 3.91667Coordinates: 7°23′47″N 3°55′0″E / 7.39639°N 3.91667°E / 7.39639; 3.91667
War camp
Ibadan District Council
Ibadan Municipal Government
• Metropolis
• Urban
Area rank
(2006)[2]
• Estimate
985.13/km2 (2,551.5/sq mi)
• Urban density
3,500,000 (estimated)
UTC+1 (WAT)
Tropical savanna climate (Aw)
http://www.oyostate.gov.ng/
Ibadan is located in south-western Nigeria, 128 km inland northeast of Lagos and 530 km southwest of Abuja, the federal capital, and is a prominent transit point between the coastal region and the areas in the hinterland of the country. Ibadan had been the centre of administration of the old Western Region since the days of the British colonial rule, and parts of the city's ancient protective walls still stand to this day. The principal inhabitants of the city are the Yorubas, as well as various communities from other parts of the country.
See also: Timeline of Ibadan
Find sources: "Ibadan" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (July 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Ibadan came into existence in 1829, during a period of turmoil that characterized Yorubaland at the time. It was in this period that many old Yoruba cities such as old Oyo (Oyo ile), Ijaye and Owu disappeared, and newer ones such as Abeokuta, new Oyo (Oyo atiba) and Ibadan sprang up to replace them.[4] According to local historians, Lagelu founded the city, and was initially intended to be a war camp for warriors coming from Oyo, Ife and Ijebu.[5] As a forest site containing several ranges of hills, varying in elevation from 160 to 275 metres, the location of the camp offered strategic defence opportunities. Moreover, its location at the fringe of the forest (from which the city got its name) promoted its emergence as a marketing centre for traders and goods from both the forest and grassland areas.
The church and mission in Ibadan
In 1852 the Church Missionary Society sent David and Anna Hinderer to found a mission. They decided to build the mission and a church in Ibadan when they arrived in 1853.[6]
Ibadan thus had initially begun as a military state and remained so until the last decade of the 19th century. The city-state also succeeded in building a large empire from the 1860s to the 1890s which extended over much of northern and eastern Yorubaland. It was appropriately nicknamed idi Ibon or “gun base”, because of its unique military character.[7]
Unlike other Yoruba cities with traditional kingship institutions however, In Ibadan, the warrior class became the rulers of the city as well as the most important economic group. According to HRH Sir Isaac Babalola Akinyele, the late Olubadan (king) of Ibadan (Olu Ibadan means 'Lord of Ibadan'), in his authoritative book on the history of Ibadan, Iwe Itan Ibadan (1911), the first city was destroyed due to an incident at an Egungun (masquerade) festival when an Egungun was accidentally disrobed and derisively mocked by women and children in an open marketplace full of people. The Alaafin of Oyo of that time ordered the old city destroyed for the act. Lagelu could not stop the destruction of his city, but he and some of his people survived the attack and fled to a nearby hill for sanctuary. The new city instantly grew prosperous and became a commercial centre. The newly enthroned Olubadan made a friendly gesture to the Olowu of Owu by allowing Olowu to marry his only daughter, Nkan. A part of Ibadan was historically an Egba town. The Egba occupants were forced to leave the town and moved to present-day Abeokuta under the leadership of Sodeke as a result of their disloyalty.[citation needed]
Ibadan grew into an impressive and sprawling urban center so much that by the end of 1829, Ibadan dominated the Yorùbá region militarily, politically and economically. The military sanctuary expanded even further when refugees began arriving in large numbers from northern Oyo following raids by Fulani warriors. After losing the northern portion of their region to the marauding Fulanis, many Oyo indigenes retreated deeper into the Ibadan environs. The Fulani Caliphate attempted to expand further into the southern region of modern-day Nigeria, but was decisively defeated by the armies of Ibadan in 1840, which eventually halted their progress. The colonial period reinforced the position of the city in the Yoruba urban network. After a small boom in rubber business (1901-1913), cocoa became the main produce of the region and attracted European and Levantine firms, as well as southern and northern traders from Lagos, Ijebu-Ode and Kano among others. The city became a major point of bulk trade. Its central location and accessibility from the capital city of Lagos were major considerations in the choice of Ibadan as the headquarters of the Western Provinces (1939) which ranged from the northernmost areas of Oyo State to Ekeremor, Bomadi and Patani, which were regions transferred from the old Delta province in the Old Western region and later Mid-west to the old Rivers state and later Bayelsa, in the redistricting of Nigeria carried out by the Yakubu Gowon administration shortly before the Nigerian civil war
Colonial IbadanEdit
In 1893, Ibadan area became a British Protectorate after a treaty signed by Fijabi, the Baale of Ibadan with the British acting Governor of Lagos Colony, George C. Denton on 15 August.[8] By then, the population had swelled to 120,000. The British developed the new colony to facilitate their commercial activities in the area, and Ibadan shortly grew into the major trading center that it is today.
Ibadan is located in south-western Nigeria in the southeastern part of Oyo State at about 119 kilometres (74 miles) northeast of Lagos and 120 kilometres (75 miles) east of the Nigerian international border with the Republic of Benin. It lies completely within the tropical forest zone but close to the boundary between the forest and the derived savanna. The city ranges in elevation from 150 m in the valley area, to 275 m above sea level on the major north-south ridge which crosses the central part of the city. The city covers a total area of 3,080 square kilometres (1,190 sq mi), the largest in Nigeria.
The city of Ibadan is naturally drained by four rivers with many tributaries: Ona River in the North and West; Ogbere River towards the East; Ogunpa River flowing through the city and Kudeti River in the Central part of the metropolis. Ogunpa River, a third-order stream with a channel length of 12.76 km and a catchment area of 54.92 km2. Lake Eleyele is located at the northwestern part of the city, while the Osun River and the Asejire Lake bounds the city to the east.
ClimateEdit
Ibadan has a tropical wet and dry climate (Köppen climate classification Aw), with a lengthy wet season and relatively constant temperatures throughout the course of the year. Ibadan’s wet season runs from March through October, though August sees somewhat of a lull in precipitation. This lull nearly divides the wet season into two different wet seasons. November to February forms the city’s dry season, during which Ibadan experiences the typical West African harmattan. The mean total rainfall for Ibadan is 1420.06 mm, falling in approximately 109 days. There are two peaks for rainfall, June and September. The mean maximum temperature is 26.46 C, minimum 21.42 C and the relative humidity is 74.55%.
Climate data for Ibadan
Average rainfall mm (inches)
(3.6) 135
(0.4) 1,233
Average rainy days (≥ 0.3 mm)
1 3 7 9 14 17 15 13 18 18 7 1 123
Average relative humidity (%)
Mean monthly sunshine hours
198.4 197.8 186.0 180.0 195.3 147.0 86.8 65.1 93.0 164.3 207.0 220.1 1,940.8
6.4 7.0 6.0 6.0 6.3 4.9 2.8 2.1 3.1 5.3 6.9 7.1 5.3
Source: Deutscher Wetterdienst[9]
AdministrationEdit
There are eleven (11) Local Governments in Ibadan Metropolitan area consisting of five urban local governments in the city and six semi-urban local governments in the less city. Local governments at present are institutions created by the military governments but recognised by the 1999 constitution and they are the third tiers of government in Nigeria. Local governments Councils consist of the Executive Arm made up of the Executive Chairman, the Vice chairman, the Secretary and the Supervisory Councilors.[10]
Local government areasEdit
Ibadan Urban — LGA Chairman
Ibadan North — Adebayo Adegoke
Ibadan North-East — Lekan Afuye
Ibadan North-West — Mojeed Bosun Ajuwon
Ibadan South-East — Abimbola Omiyale
Ibadan South-West — Adeleke Taoreed Bolaji
Ibadan Semi-Urban — Chairman
Akinyele — Mukaila Abiola Ambali
Egbeda — Akeem Akintunde
Ido — Wahab Oladejo
Lagelu — Oyesanmi Toriola
Ona Ara — Ogundele Biliaminu
Oluyole —Chairman: Ayodeji Abass Aleshinloye
Local Council Development AreasEdit
The current Executive Governor of Oyo State, Senator Isiaka Abiola Ajimobi, recently created some Local Council Development Areas (LCDAs) out of some of the existing local government areas in Oyo State. From the Ibadan Urban Local Government areas, the following LCDAs were created. Out of Ibadan North Local Government area, Aare Latosa LCDA and Irepodun LCDA were created. Out of Ibadan North East Local Government area, Ibadan East LCDA was created. Out of Ibadan North West Local Government area, Oke'Badan North LCDA was created. Out of Ibadan South East Local Government area, Ibadan South LCDA was created. Out of Ibadan South West Local Government area, Ibadan West LCDA was created. [[citations needed]]
From the Ibadan Semi-urban Local Government areas, the following LCDAs were created. Out of Akinyele Local Government area, Akinyele South LCDA and Akinyele East LCDA were created.
PopulationEdit
DemographicsEdit
Until 1970, Ibadan was the largest city in Sub-Saharan Africa by surface.[4] In 1952, it was estimated that the total area of the city was approximately 103.8 km2[11] However, only 36.2 km2 was built up. This meant that the remaining 67 km2 were devoted to non-urban uses, such as farmlands, river floodplains, forest reserves and water bodies. These “non-urban land uses” disappeared in the 1960s: an aerial photograph in 1973 revealed that the urban land-scape had completely spread over about 100 km2. The land area increased from 136 km2 in 1981 to 210–240 km2 in 1988-89 (Areola, 1994: 101). By the year 2000, it is estimated that Ibadan covered 400 km2.[12] The growth of the built-up area during the second half of the 20th century (from 40 km2 in the 1950s to 250 km2 in the 1990s) shows clearly that there has been an underestimate of the total growth of the city. In the 1980s, the Ibadan-Lagos expressway generated the greatest urban sprawl (east and north of the city), followed by the Eleiyele expressway (west of the city). Since then, Ibadan city has spread further into the neighbouring local government areas of Akinyele and Egbeda in particular.
Islam and Christianity are the dominant religions practiced in Ibadan. Christianity spreads all across the core city to the suburbs. Also, next to the Olubadan's palace is the mosque where the Chief Imam holds his Friday jumu'ah service sermons. Ibadan's Cathedral of St. Mary is the episcopal see of the Metropolitan Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Ibadan, whose ecclesiastical province includes four suffragans bishoprics: Ekiti, Ilorin, Ondo, Osogbo and Oyo.
Furthermore, its Church of Our Lady of the Annunciation is the cathedral see of the Maronite Eparchy of the Annunciation,[13] which is exempt (i.e. directly dependent on the Holy See), serves as Apostolic Visitor for Maronites in Southern Africa (where they have no ordinary) and follows the Antiochian Rite. There is also large baptist presence with the First Baptist Church located at idikan Street. There are also Oritamefa Baptist Church and molete Baptist Church with imposing structures in there locations.
Traditional Yoruba religion is also very important in the city of Ibadan. There are numerous priests and priestesses of the Yoruba deities known as Orisa throughout, and some of the oldest compounds have shrines to both popular as well as local divinities that were brought from many different parts of Yorubaland. The Oke Ibadan festival is one of many festivals for indigenous Yoruba spirituality that draw pilgrims from many parts of Yorubaland in Nigeria as well as Benin Republic. Other important orisa festivals include the Egungun festival which celebrates the ancestors with masquerades, drumming, singing, and dancing, as well as the Yemoja festival, and the Ose Meji festival for the deity Orunmila along with the spirit called Ela. Ose Meji is from the Ifa sacred literary corpus that founded the city of Ibadan when divination was performed at its early settlement. The city has many Babalawo (priests of Ifa or the deity known as Orunmila), Yemoja priests, Egungun priests, Ogboni priests, Esu priests, Ogun priests, and various others of the Yoruba pantheon.
Monuments, landmarks and other locationsEdit
The best method to move about the city is to use reference points and notable landmarks.
Front view of Mapo Hall, Ibadan
Dugbe district is the commercial nerve centre of Ibadan. This is where many banks have one or more branches. The south west regional office of the Central Bank of Nigeria is at Dugbe. Also at Dugbe is the Cocoa House,[14] Nigeria's first skyscraper.
Cocoa House, Ibadan
It is one of the few skyscrapers in the city and is at the hub of Ibadan's commercial centre. Cocoa house is the headquarters for the Oodua Investment Company co-own by all south-western states[citation needed]. Other tall buildings around Dugbe axis include Femi Johnson glass house, CBN building, United Bank for Africa, Oxford building, Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria's Building, among others.
There is a museum in the building of the Institute of African Studies, which exhibits several remarkable pre-historic bronze carvings and statues. The city has several well stocked libraries, and is home to the first television station in Africa. The city has two zoological gardens, one located within the University of Ibadan and another at Agodi Gardens which also contains a botanical garden, swimming pool and leisure spots.
Bower Memorial Tower
The Bower Memorial Tower[15] to the east on Oke Aàre (Aare's Hill) ("Aare" in Yoruba means commander-in-chief or generalissimo), which can be seen from practically any point in the city; it also provides an excellent view of the whole city from the top. Other attractions include Mapo Hall[16] – the colonial style city hall – perched on top of a hill, "Oke Mapo," Mapo Hill ("oke" is hill in Yoruba), the Trans-Wonderland amusement park, the cultural centre Mokola and the Obafemi Awolowo Stadium (formerly Liberty Stadium). The first citadel of higher learning, University of Ibadan (formerly the University College of Ibadan), the Obafemi Awolowo Hall in the university of Ibadan is said to be the tallest and largest hostel[citation needed] in west Africa. The first teaching hospital in Nigeria, University College Hospital, were both built in this ancient city. Ibadan is also home to the Shooting Stars FC – a professional Football Club also known as 3SC.
There are some good golf courses: the Ibadan Golf Club is a large 18-hole challenge and the Barracks course has just been extended to 18 holes. The most challenging[citation needed] and exclusive is the 9-hole IITA Golf Club based on the 1,000 hectare premises of IITA.
Ibadan is host to Nigeria's premier higher institution of learning, The University of Ibadan. Established as a college of the University of London in 1948, and later converted into an autonomous university in 1962, it has the distinction of being one of the premier educational institutions in Africa. Other higher educational institutions in the city include; The Polytechnic, Ibadan, Lead City University,Koladaisi University, Federal college of Animal health and Production Technology, Federal College of Forestry, Highland College of Technology, Samonda,Federal School of Statistics, Tower Polytechnic, Ibadan, Ibadan City Polytechnic, Citigate Polytechnic, NIIT University among others.
There are also numerous public and private primary and secondary schools located in the city and its suburbs. Other noteworthy institutions in the city include The University College Hospital, Ibadan (UCH), which is the first teaching hospital in Nigeria; the internationally acclaimed International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) headquartered in the city. Established in 1967, it focuses on the agricultural and developmental needs of tropical countries, with several research stations spread across Africa. The Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research (NISER), The Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria, The National Root Crops Research Institute, and The Institute of Agricultural Research and Training (IAR&T), The Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, The Nigerian Horticultural Research Institute (NIHORT), all under the auspices of The Agricultural Research Council of Nigeria.[17]
Before the dissolution of the Western Region, Nigeria, Ibadan and its environs were the home of the most sophisticated and liberal scientific and cultural community on the continent of Africa, as personified by the immortalized Ibadan School of historiography.
In 1853, the first Europeans to settle in Ibadan, Reverend David and Anna Hinderer, started Ibadan's first Western schools. They built churches and Anna taught at the new school.[6] They built the first two-storey building in Ibadan, which can still be found today at Kudeti. The first pupils to attend an elementary school in Ibadan were Yejide Olunloyo (female) and Akinyele Olunloyo (male) – the two children of an Ibadan high chief.
Ibadan is the capital city of Oyo State, the fourth largest state economy in Nigeria,[18] and the second largest non-oil state economy in Nigeria after Lagos state. With its strategic location on the railway line connecting Lagos to Kano,[19] the city is a major center for trade in cassava, cocoa, cotton, timber, rubber, and palm oil. The city and its environs is home to several industries such as Agro allied, Textile, Food processing, Health Care and Cosmetic, Tobacco processing and Cigarette manufacturing, Leatherworks and furniture making Etc. There is abundance of clay, kaolin and aquamarine in the city environs, and there are several cattle ranches, a dairy farm as well as a commercial abattoir in Ibadan. There are dozens of banks and Insurance firms spread out across the cityscape that service the city's millions of inhabitants.
The main economic activities engaged in by the Ibadan populace include Agriculture, Trade, Public service employment, Factory work, Service sector/Tertiary production, Etc. The headquarters of the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) have extensive grounds for crop and agricultural research into key tropical crops such as bananas, plantains, maize, cassava, soybean, cowpea and yam.[20] According to a report, Ibadan is the 3rd cheapest Nigerian city to live in.[21]
Entertainment and mediaEdit
Ibadan is a busy city but also accommodates an adequate amount of entertainment and relaxation. There are numerous bars, lounges and night clubs to enjoy, including the Lebanese owned "KOKO Dome" which is the oldest night club in the city dating back to the mid 90s. These are the clubs you get the nightlife, unwind moments, ladies nites, dancing, sashaying, strippers, splurging on drinks and more. Clubs: GQ Lounge Old Bodija, Ebevande Ring Road, Club Switch Ring Road, Clique 69 Ring Road KokoDome Cocoa House, Dugbe, Options 24/7 (Formerly known as Yepaa)- Ikolaba, Agodi GRA, Olympus X Apata, Apollos Palms Mall Ring Road, Infinities Ring Road.[22]
The hotels also ranging in class and styles and according to budgets. Top hotels include Premier Hotel Mokola Hill, Golden Tulip Jericho, Best Western Hotel Iyaganku GRA, TravelHouse Hotel Ring Road, A3 Hotels Samonda, Owu Crown Hotel Monatan Iwo Road, Davies Hotel Bodija, Labod Hotel Bodija, Kakanfo Inn Joyce B Road and Lafia Hotel Apata.
Shopping, Cinema and Parks
The Heritage Mall and Cocoa Mall houses several local and international retail stores. The two malls were built to interlink with each other and located in the same compound as Cocoa House at Dugbe. The 2 malls contain a South African retail shop; Shoprite, Pep Store (kids wears and boutique) several cafés, restaurants, electronic outlets, Mr price, Cash n Carry. There is also the Palms Mall at Ring Road which houses one of the largest Shoprite store in Nigeria. The Palms Mall also houses the Puma Store, Medplus, Viva Cinema, Ultima Restaurant, Natures Treat Cafe, Apollo's Lounge & Bar and Club DeRock. There's another mall which opened not too far from the Central Business District called the Jericho Mall Kudeti Avenue, Onireke GRA. The top cinema chain in Nigeria, Filmhouse has 2 cinemas at the Heritage Mall Dugbe and another of its branch operate at the Ventura Mall, Samonda.
Sports and recreationEdit
There are various sport centres and facilities within the city limits of Ibadan. The Ibadan recreational club established 1902 in the Sabo area of the city is one of the oldest of such clubs in the country. It offers a Swimming pool, Tennis courts, Basketball courts, Snooker, Squash courts, Darts corner, and a relaxation bar. The city is also host to dozens of football academies where soccer talents are groomed. The Agodi Gardens of Oyo State has been completely refurbished to contain a Botanical Garden, Zoo, Swimming pool, Guest house, Bar and Restaurants. In addition, there are the Ibadan Polo Club at Eleyele and the Ibadan Golf Club[23] in the Onireke reservation Area. Various fitness centres can be found around the city, such as: The lora gym centre, Oyo state executive gym, The Ibadan gym, Mocdim health & fitness centre, Etc.
The city has the first standard Nigerian stadium, The Obafemi Awolowo Stadium formerly Liberty Stadium as well as The Lekan Salami Stadium which is the home of 3SC, Shooting stars football club, the team that won Nigeria's first international trophy, The African Cup Winners' Cup in 1976 by defeating Tonnerre Yaoundé of Cameroon 4 - 2 on aggregate points.
Public spaces and parksEdit
Trans Amusement park
Agodi Gardens and Leisure Park
Heritage Mall
Ibadan recreational park
Heritage & Cocoa Mall
The Palms Mall
Ventura Mall and Indoor park
TransportEdit
The city of Ibadan is a major Nigerian transport hub with freeways linking it with Lagos in the South South West, Ijebu Ode and Shagamu in the South, Abeokuta in the West, Oyo, ogbomosho, Offa and Ilorin in the North, Ife, Ado Ekiti, Osogbo, Ilesha, Akure, Okene, Auchi and other cities towards the East. The city is also served by an airport, The Ibadan Airport, which operates daily flights to Abuja, Lagos, Kano, Ilorin etc. through major airlines in Nigeria such as Overland Airways and Arik Air. The city is a major terminus railway station on the main railway line linking Lagos with Kano in the North of the country. Nearly all the major roads are dualized (Double carriage roads), such roads include the Ojoo-Sango-Mokola road that passes in front of the University of Ibadan, others include Ring road-Orita-Challenge-New Garage ways and the recently completed Dugbe-Eleyele-Jerico Road. There are various roundabouts, intersections and flyovers within the city, the latest being the Mokola flyover built to reduce persistent traffic gridlock being experienced in the Mokola axis of the city.
Modes of transport include, cabs & taxis, taxi-vans commonly called Danfos, and in more recent times mass transit buses have commenced operations to reduce the hardship of students and workers commuting from various suburban areas to the city center, private/personal/family cars, scooters commonly known as Okadas, Coach (bus) services, more commonly known locally as "luxurious busses" such as Alakowe Bus, ABC Transport, Cross Country ltd Etc., which operate To and Fro services linking Ibadan and all other major destinations in the country and beyond, as well as pedestrian walking.
The city host the first T.V station in Africa NTA, Ibadan established as western Nigeria Television (WNTV) in 1959. The oldest surviving Nigeria newspaper is in Ibadan Tribune founded by chief Obafemi Awolowo premier of western Nigeria. The first private TV station Galaxy tv in Oyo State also started in the city. As at 2014 the city is home to several media outlets including
NTA Ibadan Network Centre
B.C.O.S Broadcasting Corporation of Oyo State which also runs the radio services of B.C.O.S radio 1, Oluyole fm 98.5)
MITV, Ibadan
Silverbird TV
AIT Africa Independent Television
Satellite channels are provided by
Multichoice Africa owner of DStv and GOTV satellite company has an office in the Jericho area of the city providing subscribers with numerous international and local TV and radio.
Star times
DaarSat
The radio stations in Ibadan are increasing in number compared to 5–10 years ago, when only 3 operated. Today, there are:
B.C.O.S Radio 1 and Oluyole FM 98.5
Premier FM 93.5 (Federal Government Owned)
Amuludun FM 99.1(Yoruba only, Federal Government Owned)
Beat FM 97.9
Mitv/Star FM 95.1
Raypower Radio of AIT
Diamond FM 101.1 of University of Ibadan
Impact Business Radio (IBR 92.5 FM) a.k.a. Amutajero
Splash FM 105.5
Inspiration FM 100.5
Space FM 90.10
Naija FM 102.7
Royal Roots (R2)FM 92.9
Petals FM 102.3
Lagelu FM 96.3
Fresh FM 105.9
Star FM 91.5
Jamz FM 101.1
Thirty-Two FM 94.9
There are also online communities of Ibadan residents such as CONNECTIBADAN, Ibadan247, IBpulse and WhatsupIbadan. They help the public connect with news, event and people in Ibadan and Oyo State as a whole.
Notable peopleEdit
Main category: People from Ibadan
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Nigeria
Ibadan is twinned with:
Cleveland, United States[24]
Railway stations in Nigeria
^ Demographia (January 2015). Demographia World Urban Areas (PDF) (11th ed.). Retrieved 2 March 2015.
^ Summing the 11 Local Government Areas of Ibadan using:
population.de (2011). "Population of oyo state". Retrieved 15 July 2016.
^ Wells, John C. (2008). Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (3rd ed.). Longman. ISBN 978-1-4058-8118-0.
^ a b Lyold, P.C; et al. (1967). The City of Ibadan. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-11217-8.
^ "Ibadan History". Litcaf. 12 February 2016. Retrieved 4 June 2017.
^ a b Martin Lynn, ‘Hinderer , Anna (1827–1870)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 18 March 2017
^ "Ibadan-FINAL_Anna2_XX.qxd" (PDF). Retrieved 17 February 2019.
^ Olufemi Vaughan. Nigerian Chiefs: Traditional Power in Modern Politics, 1890s-1990s.
^ "Klimatafel von Ibadan / Nigeria" (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961-1990) from stations all over the world (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved 14 July 2016.
^ Tomori M. A. "IBADAN METROPOLITAN AREA AND THE CHALLENGES TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT".
^ Areola, O. "The Spatial Growth of Ibadan City and its impact on the rural Hinterland" in M.O. Filani, F.O. Akintola and C.O. Ikporukpo edited Ibadan Region, Rex Charles Publication, Ibadan, 1994 page 99.
^ Onibokun, P. and Faniran A., Urban research in Nigeria. IFRA and CASSAD, Ibadan, 1995
^ "Resignations and Appointments". press.vatican.va. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
^ "Ibadan travel guide". World66.com. Retrieved 18 February 2014.
^ "The Bower Memorial Tower on wikimapia". Wikimapia.org. Retrieved 18 February 2014.
^ "Wikimapia - Let's describe the whole world!". Retrieved 26 June 2016.
^ "National Agricultural Research Institutes". ARCH. Archived from the original on 21 June 2010. Retrieved 10 August 2009.
^ "oyo - Services Portal". Retrieved 26 June 2016.
^ "Can Nigeria's renovated railway unite north and south?". Retrieved 26 June 2016.
^ IITA. "International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA)". / Cgiar. Retrieved 18 February 2014.
^ IbadanGists. "Ibadan is the 3rd Cheapest Nigerian City to Live in". / IbadanGists. Retrieved 17 November 2014.
^ Christina Adegbaju. "Ibadan popular clubs and hangouts". / Typearls. Retrieved 14 September 2015.
^ "Home". Retrieved 26 June 2016.
^ "Sister Cities International (SCI)". Sister-cities.org. Archived from the original on 13 June 2015. Retrieved 21 April 2013.
'On Education' - Page 69; 'Seventeen Years in the Yoruba Country: Memorials of Anna Hinderer (wife of the Rev. David Hinderer, C.M.S. Missionary in Western Africa).
See also: Bibliography of the history of Ibadan
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ibadan.
Oyo State official website
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Junagadh rock inscription of Rudradaman
The Junagadh rock inscription of Rudradaman, also known as the Girnar Rock inscription of Rudradaman, is a Sanskrit prose inscribed on a rock by the Western Satraps ruler Rudradaman I. It is located near Girnar hill near Junagadh, Gujarat, India. The inscription is dated to shortly after 150 CE.[1] The Junagadh rock contains inscriptions of Ashoka (fourteen of the Major Rock Edicts of Ashoka), Rudradaman I and Skandagupta.[2]
Jungadh rock inscription of Rudradaman I
The inscribed rock
Sanskrit, Brahmi script
circa 150 CE
Junagadh, Gujarat
Present location
near Girnar mountain
Rudradaman inscription rock
Rudradaman inscription rock (India)
DescriptionEdit
The inscription is found on a major rock to the east of the town of Junagadh in Kathiavad region of Gujarat, India. It is near the base of the Girnar mountain. The Rudradaman inscription is one of the three significant inscriptions found on the rock, dated to be the second in chronology. The oldest inscription is a version of Ashoka edicts, while the last and third inscription is of Skandagupta. The Rudradaman inscription is near the top, above the Ashoka edict.[3] It is dated to shortly after 150 CE.[1]
The inscription has twenty lines, of different lengths spread over about 5.5 feet high and 11 feet wide. The first sixteen lines are extensively damaged in parts and are incomplete, with evidence suggesting willful damage as well as natural rock peeling. The lost text constitutes about 15 percent of the total text. The last four are complete and in a good state of preservation.[3] According to Kielhorn, the alphabet is an earlier form of the "decidedly southern alphabet" of those found later in Gupta Empire and inscriptions of Skandagupta. The inscribed characters are about 7/8 inches in height.[3] The first eight lines offer a historical record of water management and irrigation conduits at the Sudarshana Lake from the era of Chandragupta Maurya (321-297 BCE) to the time when the inscription was written around 150 CE. The last twelve lines praise king Rudradaman I (literally, "garland of Rudra").[3][1][4]
The inscription is in Sanskrit language and entirely in prose. The text is generally in good standard classical Sanskrit but reflects much that is non-standard Sanskrit, according to Kielhorn. For example, it disregards the sandhi rules of the Sanskrit language "no less than 10 times", but some of these may have been "mere clerical errors". The text also has an "extreme dearth of verbal forms", states Kielhorn, a form that mirrors the classical prose writing style of the early era.[3] According to Salomon, noting Kielhorn and Renou's observations, "the language of the Junagadh inscription is not pure classical Sanskrit in the strictest sense of the term" and its orthography too is inconsistent about anusvara, visarga, notation of double consonants and the ḷ retroflex. These and other errors may reflect an influence of the less formal epic-vernacular style and the local dialect features, states Salomon. Nevertheless, beyond disregarding some of "the grammatical niceties of Paninian/classical Sanskrit", the inscription does closely approach the classical Sanskrit norms.[1]
InscriptionEdit
James Prinsep, known for his work with the Brahmi script, first edited and translated this inscription in April 1838. It thereafter attracted a series of visits, revisions and scholarly publications, including those by Lassen, Wilson, Fleet and the significant work of Bhagvanlal Indraji and Bhau Daji in 1862. The edition and interpretation published by Bhau Daji was reviewed and revised further by Eggeling with collotype estampages by Burgess. Kielhorn's translation was published in the Epigraphia Indica Volume VIII, and the translation below is based on it.[3]
TranslationEdit
(Be it) accomplished!
(Line l.) This lake Sudarshana, from Girinagara [even a long distance?]
.. of a structure so well joined as to rival the spur of a mountain, because all its embankments are strong, in breadth, length and height constructed without gaps as they are of stone, [clay],
. furnished with a natural dam, [formed by?]
.., and with well-provided conduits, drains and means to guard against foul matter,
three sections
by............
.and other favours is (now) in an excellent condition.
(L. 3.) This same (lake) -on the first of the dark half of Margashirsha in the seventy-second -72nd - year of the king, the Mahakshatrapa Rudradaman whose name is repeated by the venerable, the son of . . . . . . . . . . . . , (and) son's son of the king, the Mahakshatrapa Lord Chashtana the taking of whose name is auspicious,
. when by the clouds pouring with rain the earth had been converted as it were into one ocean, by the excessively swollen floods of the Suvarnasikata, Palasini and other streams of mount Urjayat the dam
, though proper precautions [were taken], the water- churned by a storm which, of a most tremendous fury befitting the end of a mundane period, tore down hill-tops, trees, banks, turrets, upper stories, gates and raised places of shelter - scattered, broke to pieces, [tore apart]
..
., -with stones, trees, bushes and creeping plants scattered about, was thus laid open down to the bottom of the river:-
(L. 7.) By a breach four hundred and twenty cubits long, just as many broad, (and) seventy-five cubits deep, all the water escaped, so that (the lake), almost like a sandy desert, [became] extremely ugly [to look at].
(L.8)
for the sake of
/ ordered to be made by the Vaishya Pushyagupta, the provincial governor of the Maurya king Chandragupta; adorned with conduits for Ashoka the Maurya by the Yavana king Tushaspha while governing; and by the conduit ordered to be made by him, constructed in a manner worthy of a king (and) seen in that breach, the extensive dam
...
(L. 9.)
..he who, because from the womb he was distinguished by the possession of undisturbed consummate Royal Fortune, was resorted to by all castes and chosen their lord to protect them; who made, and is true to, the vow to the latest breath of his life to abstain from slaying men, except in battles; who [showed] compassion
not failing to deal blows to equal antagonists meeting him face to face; who grants protection of life to people repairing to him of their own accord and those prostrating themselves before him;
...who is the lord of the whole of eastern and western Akaravanti (Akara: East Malwa and Avanti: West Malwa), the Anupa country, Anarta, Surashtra, Svabhra (northern Gujarat) Maru (Marwar), Kachchha (Cutch), Sindhu-Sauvira (Sindh and Multan districts), Kukura (Eastern Rajputana), Aparanta ("Western Border" - Northern Konkan), Nishada (an aboriginal tribe, Malwa and parts of Central India) and other territories gained by his own valour, the towns, marts and rural parts of which are never troubled by robbers, snakes, wild beasts, diseases and the like, where all subjects are attached to him, (and) where through his might the objects of [religion], wealth and pleasure [are duly attained];
...who by force destroyed the Yaudheyas who were loath to submit, rendered proud as they were by having manifested their' title of' heroes among all Kshatriyas; who obtained good report because he, in spite of having twice in fair fight completely defeated Satakarni, the lord of Dakshinapatha, on account of the nearness of their connection did not destroy him; who [obtained] victory . . . . . . . .; who reinstates deposed kings;
...who by the right raising of his hand has earned the strong attachment of Dharma; who has attained wide fame by studying and remembering, by the knowledge and practice of, grammar, music, logic and other great sciences; who
the management of horses, elephants and chariots, (the use of) sword and shield, pugilistic combat and other .
.. . .
. the acts of quickness and efficiency of opposing forces; who day by day is in the habit of bestowing presents and honours and eschewing disrespectful treatment; who is bounteous; whose treasury by the tribute, tolls and shares rightfully obtained overflows with an accumulation of gold, silver, diamonds, beryl stones and (other) precious things; who...........
prose and verse, which are clear, agreeable, sweet, charming, beautiful, excelling by the proper use of words and adorned; whose beautiful frame owns the most excellent marks and signs, such as (auspicious) length, dimension and height, voice, gait, colour, vigour and strength; who himself has acquired the name of Mahakshatrapa; who has been wreathed with many garlands at the svayamvaras of kings' daughters; -he, the Mahakshatrapa Rudradaman, in order to . . . . . . . . . . . cows and Brahmans for a thousand of years, and to increase his religious merit and fame, -without oppressing the inhabitants of the towns and country by taxes, forced labour and acts of affection -by (the expenditure of) a vast amount of money from his own treasury and in not too long a time made the dam three times as strong in breadth and length . . . . . . . . [on] all [banks] . . . . . . (and so) had (this lake) made (even) more beautiful to look at.
(L. 16.) When in this matter the Mahakshatrapa's counsellors and executive officers, who though fully endowed with the qualifications of ministers, were averse to a task (regarded as) futile on account of the enormous extent of the breach, opposed the commencement (of the work), (and) when the people in their despair of having the dam rebuilt were loudly lamenting, (the work) was carried out by the minister Suvishakha, the son of Kulaipa, a Pahlava, who for the benefit of the inhabitants of the towns and country bad been appointed by the king in this government to rule the whole of Anarta and Surashtra, (a minister) who by his proper dealings and views in things temporal and spiritual increased the attachment (of the people), who was able, patient, not wavering, not arrogant, upright (and) not to be bribed, (and) who by his good government increased the spiritual merit, fame and glory of his master.
— Junagadh rock inscription of Rudradaman[5][6]
SignificanceEdit
The inscription is significant as a historical record of public works in ancient India, nearly 500 years before the inscription was created. It mentions the construction of a water reservoir named Sudarshana nearby, during the reign of the Maurya Empire founder Chandragupta Maurya by Vaishya Pushyagupta.[3] Later, during the reign of Ashoka, it mentions a Yavana king named Tushaspha building conduits.[6] According to Dilip Chakrabarti, a professor of South Asian archaeology at the Cambridge University, the inscription is an evidence of historical record keeping tradition in ancient India because Rudradaman otherwise would not have known the names of people involved in the project in 4th-century BCE, or who later worked on the water reservoir in following centuries, before Rudradaman promoted his Sanskrit inscription in 150 CE.[4]
The Junagadh rock inscription also highlights an eulogy-style Sanskrit from the 2nd-century. It is the first long inscription in fairly standard Sanskrit that has survived into the modern era. According to Salomon, the inscription "represents a turning point in the history of epigraphic Sanskrit. This is the first long inscription recorded entirely in more or less standard Sanskrit, as well as the first extensive record in the poetic style. Although further specimens of such poetic prasastis in Sanskrit are not found until the Gupta era, from a stylistic point of view Rudradaman's inscription is clearly their prototype".[1][7] The Western Satraps successors of Rudradaman, however, were not influenced by this inscription's literary style, but preferred a less formal hybrid Sanskrit language.[1]
The inscription also is significant in recording that the modern era town of Junagadh has ancient roots and it was known as Girinagara in the 2nd-century CE. The mountain Girnar used to be called Urjayat then.[3]
The inscription of Rudradaman, its rubbings and coins
Complete rubbing
The right portion
Rudradaman claims he defeated Vashishtiputra Satakarni
Rudradaman I coin, with corrupted Greek legend. British Museum
Hathibada Ghosundi Inscriptions
Nanaghat inscription
Vasu Doorjamb Inscription
^ a b c d e f Salomon, Richard (1998). Indian Epigraphy: A Guide to the Study of Inscriptions in Sanskrit, Prakrit, and the other Indo-Aryan Languages. Oxford University Press. pp. 89–90. ISBN 978-0-19-535666-3.
^ Artefacts of History: Archaeology, Historiography and Indian Pasts, Sudeshna Guha, SAGE Publications India, 2015 p.50
^ a b c d e f g h F. Kielhorn, Junagadh Rock Inscription of Rudradaman, Epigraphia Indica, Volume VIII, No. 6, pages 36-49
^ a b Dilip K. Chakrabarti (1999). India, an Archaeological History: Palaeolithic Beginnings to Early Historic Foundations. Oxford University Press. pp. 294–295. ISBN 978-0-19-564573-6.
^ Epigraphia Indica, Vol. VIII. Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, 1905-6, 45-49
^ a b "Junagadh Rock Inscription of Rudradaman", Project South Asia.Archived 23 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine
^ Ichimura, Shōhei (2001). Buddhist Critical Spirituality: Prajñā and Śūnyatā. Motilal Banarsidass Publisher. p. 45. ISBN 9788120817982.
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List of Middle-earth rivers
(Redirected from Mering Stream)
See also: Minor places in Middle-earth
Middle-earth, the main setting of J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium, contains many rivers, some of which are described below.
A river of Rohan, arising in the White Mountains. Together with the river Isen, it formed the western border of the Kingdom of Rohan. The Adorn joined with the Isen about 150 miles (240 km) west of the Gap of Rohan.
The triangle of land between the Isen, Adorn, and the White Mountains was nominally part of the Kingdom of Rohan, but in the late Third Age it was a contested area between the Rohirrim and the Dunlendings.
Adurant
The sixth and most southerly tributary of the Gelion. It was the last of the seven rivers that defined Ossiriand. Like the others it flowed from the west side of the Blue Mountains.
The name means double stream in Ilkorin, referring to a parting of the river about the isle of Tol Galen, and many more along its path due to its slow current.
Agathurush
See Gwathló
Main article: Anduin
See Isen
A river in East Beleriand and a tributary of the Sirion. It rose in the northern highlands of Dorthonion,[1] flowing generally south and then west before meeting the Sirion at Aelin-uial, more or less in the centre of Beleriand. The Aros formed the southern border of the Kingdom of Doriath.
Ascar
A river in Ossiriand. The name means rushing, impetuous. It flowed from the west side of the Blue Mountains and was a tributary of the Gelion. The Ascar was the second of the seven rivers that defined Ossiriand, and formed its northern boundary. After the Sack of Doriath by Dwarves, Beren Erchamion fought and killed the looters there. Doriath's treasure was lost in the Ascar, and it was renamed Rathlóriel ('Goldenbed').
Baranduin
Also called the Brandywine, the Baranduin was one of the main rivers of Eriador, and the fourth-longest river in Middle-earth behind the Anduin, the Celduin (or Running), and the Gwathló/Mitheithel (Greyflood/Hoarwell).
Originating from Nenuial (Lake Evendim), a catchment of the Hills of Evendim in north-western Eriador, the river flowed generally southwards. It ran through the easternmost reaches of the Shire, forming its eastern border except for Buckland which lay between it and the Old Forest. Its only major crossings in the Shire were the Brandywine Bridge (originally Bridge of Stonebows) on the East Road, Bucklebury Ferry, and Sarn Ford in the Southfarthing. Skirting the Old Forest to the south, the river then crossed Sarn Ford and flowed to the north of the depopulated region of Minhiriath before flowing into the Sundering Sea to the north of the forested region of Eryn Vorn.
The name Baranduin was Sindarin for "golden-brown river". The Hobbits of the Shire originally gave it the punning name Branda-nîn, meaning "border water" in original Hobbitish Westron. This was later punned again as Bralda-hîm meaning "heady ale" (referring to the color of its water), which Tolkien renders into English as Brandywine. To the Hobbits of the Shire, the Brandywine was the boundary between the known and unknown, and even those who lived in Buckland on the immediate opposite shore were considered "peculiar".
No tributaries of the Baranduin are described except those near or in the Shire. The Withywindle flowed through the Old Forest, and entered the Baranduin at Haysend. The other named tributaries arose in the Shire: The Water, which ran through the central Shire, entered the Baranduin near the Brandywine Bridge; the Stockbrook, which arose in the Woody End and entered the Baranduin at Stock; and the Shirebourn, which arose in the Green Hill Country along with its own tributary Thistle Brook, and entered the Baranduin at Deephallow.
There was a Girdley Island in the river a few miles (1 mile=1.6 km) north of the Brandywine Bridge.
The Hobbits Drogo Baggins and his wife Primula Brandybuck died in a boating accident on the Brandywine in T.A. 2980, leaving their only child, Frodo Baggins, as an orphan.
Brilthor by Matěj Čadil
Brilthor
A tributary of the Gelion. It was the fifth from the north of the seven rivers that defined Ossiriand. Like the others it flowed from the west side of the Blue Mountains.
Brithon
A river of the Falas region of West Beleriand. Its name is Sindarin, probably meaning "pebbly", from brith "broken stones".
Bruinen
Also called the Loudwater, a major tributary of the Mitheithel (or Hoarwell) river in eastern Eriador. The Bruinen began with two tributaries in the Misty Mountains, one of which flowed from the High Pass where Goblin Town was later dug. The river formed the southern border of the Kingdom of Arnor and later the petty-realm of Rhudaur, south of it lay Eregion or Hollin. The southern arm of the Bruinen flowed through the deep valley where Elrond founded the refuge of Imladris or Rivendell. Elrond had some control over the river. The Bruinen could be crossed only at a ford near Rivendell. This ford, and by extension the river, was called the Edge of the Wild. When Thorin Oakenshield and company went to reclaim Erebor, they passed the Bruinen after their adventure with the Trolls, before they rested at Rivendell. At the beginning of the War of the Ring, Frodo Baggins was carried on Glorfindel's horse towards the Ford of Bruinen, with the Ringwraiths in hot pursuit. It was here that Frodo, poisoned by a deadly wound, made his stand, and defied the Witch-king of Angmar. This lured the Ringwraiths into the Bruinen, and Elrond and Gandalf the Grey released a great flood, which took the form of horses made out of water due to Gandalf's magic. This flood killed the horses of the Ringwraiths.
Mark T. Hooker observes that Loudwater is the name used in the nineteenth century for a river south-east of Oxford. Modern maps, however, show the name of this body of water as the Wye. Loudwater is also the name of a village on the Loudwater, three miles(4.8 km) from Beaconsfield, along the A40.
Hooker parses the name Bruinen as: brui (loud) + nen (water), and remarks on the similarity of the element brui to the French word bruit (noise), which is pronounced [brui], the final ‘T’ being silent.[2]
Carnen
A river of north-east Wilderland, it was also called Redwater. The Carnen flowed southward from the Iron Hills east of the Lonely Mountain until it met the Celduin about 250 miles to the south. From there the rivers flowed as one to the Sea of Rhûn, past the land of Dorwinion.
The kingdom of Dale after its refounding extended into the angle between the Celduin and the Carnen. It is quite possible that the Men of Dale and Esgaroth and the Wood-elves traded along the rivers.
The reddish colour of the river, together with its source in the Iron Hills, suggests a significant iron content.
Celduin
A river of north-east Wilderland and western Rhûn, also named the River Running. The Celduin was about 600 miles long. It arose in the Lonely Mountain and ran south into the Long Lake, where it was joined by the Forest River, and thence through the eastern outskirts of Mirkwood. Afterwards it flowed south-east through the wide eastern plains of Wilderland to its confluence with the Carnen, and finally in a long south-eastward loop to the great inland Sea of Rhûn, past the land of Dorwinion.
Celebrant
See Silverlode
Celebros
A tributary of the Taeglin in West Beleriand. It arose on Amon Obel, a great hill in Brethil forest, and flowed generally south through the forest until it joined the Taeglin. Glaurung was slain by Túrin near where the Celebros met the Taeglin, and Nienor Níniel committed suicide by jumping in it.
Celon
A river of East Beleriand. It began on the hill of Himring and ran generally south-west. It flowed past the forested valley of Nan Elmoth, which was part of Celon's catchment, before it met up with the river Aros. The Aros was in turn a tributary of the great river Sirion.
The Second of the Five Rivers of Lebennin in Gondor. It began in the White Mountains and became a tributary of the Sirith.
A river of Gondor, springing at an isolated peak in Lamedon. It flowed past Calembel and became a tributary of the Ringló. The Ciril was one of the Seven Rivers of Gondor.
Deeping-stream
A river of Rohan which arose on Thrihyrne, a massive peak in the northern White Mountains. It flowed through the gorge of Helm's Deep and then through the Deeping-coomb. The lower course is not referred to in Tolkien's writings, but he made a map of Helm's Deep which shows the Deeping-stream flowing west towards the Isen.[3] (Prior to the publication of this map some concluded that it flowed across Rohan to join the Entwash.[4])
Tolkien confirmed that Deeping-stream is the correct spelling, not Deeping Stream.[5]
The former river whose bed served as the hidden entrance to Gondolin. The Dry River had been a northern tributary of the Sirion.
Duilwen
A tributary of the Gelion. It was the sixth from the north of the seven rivers that defined Ossiriand. Like the others it flowed from the west side of the Blue Mountains.
Enchanted River
Not to be confused with the Hinatuan Enchanted River
A dark running river under a sleeping spell in Mirkwood. Its origin was in the Mountains of Mirkwood, and it met the Forest River near Thranduil's Caverns. The stream was enchanted because anyone who touched its waters fell into a dream-filled sleep from which they could not be woken for days.
The Mirkwood Elves kept a small boat where their Elf-path reached the Enchanted River, so that they could cross the stream without touching it. In The Hobbit, this river forms an obstacle for the quest of Thorin and company: the boat was on the far side of the stream.
In the First Age, the Esgalduin in Beleriand was also called the Enchanted River.
Entwash
A river of Fangorn forest and Rohan. Its main source was the springs that arose on Methedras, the southernmost peak of the Misty Mountains. Treebeard's home, aptly named Wellinghall, was located near these springs. After leaving Fangorn forest, the Entwash flowed past the Wold of Rohan and headed south, dividing Rohan's central plain into the West and East Emnets. At the latitude of Edoras it was joined by the river Snowbourn; it then ran east, fed by other streams from the White Mountains, before forming a huge inland delta known as the Mouths of the Entwash, which flowed into the great river Anduin just south of the Falls of Rauros. The Mering Stream met one of the Entwash's arms there.
The Entwash was named for the Ents (Onodrim) of Fangorn, but the origin of the name was largely forgotten by the Rohirrim at the end of the Third Age. According to Tolkien's "Guide to the Names in The Lord of the Rings", the second element of the name is a modernization of Old English wæsc "flood-water," representing an unknown original in the notional language of Rohan"[6]. No Sindarin name for the river is found in LotR. but Tolkien's later account of the gift of the province of Calenardhon to Eorl and his people by Cirion the Steward gives the Sindarin name as Onodló, of which “Entwash” is a translation[7].
Erui
A river of Gondor, arising in the White Mountains. It was counted the first of the Five Rivers of Lebennin, and was the nearest of the five to Minas Tirith.
The river began near Mount Mindolluin and flowed south through the province of Lossarnach, where it met the Anduin about 100 miles (160 km) south of Minas Tirith. During the Kin-strife of Gondor, the Battle of the Crossings of Erui was fought at the Crossings of Erui on the road to Pelargir.
Esgalduin
The main river of Doriath, in East Beleriand. Doriathrin for River under Veil, the Esgalduin flowed from the hills of Dorthonion through Doriath past the caves of Menegroth, finally meeting up with the Sirion.
The Esgalduin had two unnamed upper branches of its own in Ered Gorgoroth. One ran along the border between Dor Dínen and Nan Dungortheb, and the other ran west for about 20 miles from the mountains into Nan Dungortheb and further south-east until merging with the first.
Five Rivers
The Five Rivers is a translation of Lebennin, a province of Gondor.
A river that flowed through northern Mirkwood. It began in the Grey Mountains far to the north, and then flowed south-east, diverging at points, until it was met by the Enchanted River near Thranduil's caverns. From there it continued eastwards to the Long Lake of Esgaroth, which it met in the Long Marshes. It was thus a tributary of the Celduin.
Gate Stream
See Sirannon
Gelion
The principal river of East Beleriand. Its two sources were the northern Blue Mountains, via the Greater Gelion, and the Hill of Himring, via the Little Gelion. It then passed south, dividing Estolad to the west from Thargelion to the east, then was crossed by the old dwarf-road at Sarn Athrad ("Ford of Stones"). It then passed into Ossiriand, the Land of Seven Rivers, where it was fed by the rivers Ascar, Thalos, Legolin, Brilthor, Duilwen, and Adurant, all rising in the Blue Mountains.
Gelion then passed by Taur-im-Duinath (the Forest between the Rivers) and emptied into the Great Sea Belegaer.
Late in his life, Tolkien apparently decided to change the name "Gelion", as it did not fit the pattern of Sindarin. The possible replacements he recorded were "Gelduin", "Gevilon", "Gevelon", "Duin Daer", and "Duin Dhaer".[8]
Gilrain
The last of the Five Rivers of Lebennin in Gondor. It started as two unnamed tributaries in the White Mountains, and flowed south meeting the Serni at Linhir. The Gilrain was also one of the Seven Rivers of Gondor.
Ginglith
A tributary of the Narog in West Beleriand. It had its wells in the woods of Núath, near the Ered Wethrin in northern West Beleriand. After passing by the lands of Tumhalad it met the Narog about 50 Númenórean miles north of Nargothrond.
A river of Wilderland, called Ninglor in Sindarin (also Sîr Ninglor, sîr = stream, ninglor = Yellow Iris or gladden).[9] The Gladden was a short but important river of the Vales of Anduin. Beginning as two unnamed arms in the Misty Mountains, it flowed eastwards to the Great River Anduin, which it met in a series of marshes called the Gladden Fields.
After the Last Alliance of Elves and Men, Isildur, the High King of Arnor and Gondor, and the bearer of the One Ring at that time, was assailed by Orcs near the Gladden Fields, and the Ring was lost here in the river. Much later during the Third Age some Stoors lived near beside the Anduin upstream of the Gladden,[10] and they sometimes ventured down to the Gladden Fields to fish and forage. One of these was Sméagol, soon known as Gollum, and he thereby obtained the Ring. Saruman searched for the Ring extensively in the Gladden; he never found it since it was already in the possession of Gollum at that time, but he discovered Isildur's other garments.
Glanduin
A river of Eriador and one of the sources of the Gwathló. The name means 'border-river' in Sindarin, as it had been the southern boundary of the Elven realm of Eregion and later of the Kingdom of Men Arnor.
Beginning in the Misty Mountains south of Moria, it ran west-north-west until it was met by the Sirannon near the old location of Ost-in-Edhil. Further downstream the Glanduin flowed into the Swanfleet, the vast marshland north-east of Tharbad, which issued into Gwathló.
On some maps of Middle-earth, the name Swanfleet river is erroneously placed against the Glanduin or even against the Isen, but properly Swanfleet was the name of the marshlands alone.[11]
Glanhír
See Mering Stream
Glithui
A northern tributary to the Taeglin in West Beleriand.
Greyflood
The Greylin and the Langwell), which lay in the far north-west corner of Wilderland, were the main sources of the Grear River Anduin. The Greylin itself had two tributary branches; these flowed south from the Grey Mountains, which are reflected in the name of the river.
Gwathló
The river Gwathló or Greyflood is a large river on the south-east of Eriador. The Sindarin name Gwathló was adapted from the name Gwathir, given to the river by the Númenóreans in the Second Age. Its name translates as Shadowy River, and was given because over all its length it flowed through immense forests which covered Minhiriath to the north and Enedwaith to the south. It was one of the few rivers also given an Adûnaic name: Agathurush.[12]
The Gwathló began in a marshy area known as Nîn-in-Eilph or Swanfleet, at the confluence of the Mitheithel (Hoarwell) and the Glanduin. Its entire length was wide enough for sailing. When the Númenórean Ship Kings required more and more wood to build their ships, they set up a haven-fortress on the Gwathló called Lond Daer or Lond Daer Enedh, Great (Middle) Haven. From there the lands were rapidly deforested, and by the Third Age all the forests were gone.
In the late Second Age and early Third Age the Gwathló formed the border between the Kingdoms of Arnor and Gondor, and the great Gondorian northern outpost of Tharbad was built on the Old South Road at the only crossing of the lower Gwathló. By the late Third Age, Gondor had retreated far south and Arnor had been destroyed; Tharbad and its great bridge were abandoned and ruined, and the river had to be crossed by the ruins of Tharbad at a dangerous ford.
Harnen
A river that originally was the southern border of Gondor. The territory to the north of it, South Gondor, later became a debatable land. South of the Harnen lay the land of Near Harad. The river was some 600 miles (970 km) long, beginning in the mountains surrounding Mordor from the south and then running south-west for about 350 miles (560 km). There it bent west and flowed into a firth of the Great Sea. The Harad Road crossed the Harnen shortly after it bent westwards.
Hoarwell
See Mitheithel
The Isen (or Angren in Sindarin) began in the southern Misty Mountains, first flowing south through the fortress of Isengard (or Angrenost) and the Wizard's Vale into the Gap of Rohan, where it abruptly bent west and flowed to the sea of Belegaer. Its length was about 430 Númenórean miles, making it the eighth-longest known river of Middle-earth.
Isen means 'iron' (cf. German eisen and Old English isærn = iron),[13][14] Isengard meaning iron fortress.
One of the Isen's tributaries was the Deeping-stream,[15] which began in Helm's Deep near the fortress of Aglarond (thus mirroring the Isen's main source near Isengard).
At a distance of about 150 miles west of the Gap of Rohan, the Isen was joined by its main tributary, the river Adorn, which flowed down from the White Mountains in the south-east. The Isen and Adorn formed the western boundary of the Kingdom of Rohan, but the triangle of land between Isen, Adorn, and the White Mountains was a contested land, claimed by the Rohirrim as well as the Dunlendings. The Isen formed a natural boundary in the Gap of Rohan, and was only crossable at Isengard or at the Fords of Isen, where the Rohirrim fought a number of great battles against the Dunlendings and Saruman's Orcs in the late Third Age.
In the War of the Ring, when the Ents attacked Isengard, they diverted the Isen, temporarily drowning all of Isengard and Saruman's mines and machines. However in Peter Jackson's movie version, Saruman had already disrupted the Isen with a great dam, and the Ents deluged Isengard by breaking the dam.
Kibil-nâla
A river of Rhovanion, flowing from the northern Misty Mountains. Its name suggests it was the main source of the great Anduin river; the Langwell's confluence with the Greylin marked the start of the Anduin proper. On its northern bank was built the city of Framsburg, capital of the Éothéod
Lefnui
A river of Gondor, beginning in the south-western valleys of the Starkhorn peak of the White Mountains and flowing south-west parallel to a mountain range. It entered the Bay of Belfalas between the long cape of Andrast and the long coastal province of Anfalas.
The name means fifth in Sindarin, with a reference to the position of the river if counting the mouths: Erui, Sirith, Serni, Morthond, Lefnui. However the Lefnui was also the westernmost of the Seven Rivers of Gondor.
Legolin
A tributary of the Gelion. It was the fourth from the north of the seven rivers that defined Ossiriand. Like the others it flowed from the west side of the Blue Mountains.
Lhûn or Lune
A river of northern Lindon emptying through a long firth[16] into the Gulf of Lune, which breaks through the line of the Blue Mountains, and thence into Belegaer. The main map accompanying The Lord of the Rings shows three tributaries: two of them (including "the Little Lune"[17]) arising in the Mountains, and one beginning in the Hills of Evendim north of Annúminas. The Lhûn did not connect to Lake Evendim, the source of the Baranduin river.
Limlight
A stream rising in the Misty Mountains and flowing generally east. It ran through the north of Fangorn forest and emptied into the Anduin. The Limlight formed the southern boundary of the Field of Celebrant, and was claimed by people of Lothlórien as the southern boundary of their realm. It was also the historic northern border of Gondor, and later of Rohan.
The name is from an Elvish form, but Tolkien provided different explanations of the exact meaning and even languages used in the name, including Limlich, Limliht, Limlaith[18] and Limhîr.[19]
Lithir
A northern tributary of the Sirion that joined it just to the south of the Pass of Sirion. The sources of the Lithir were in Ered Wethrin.
Loudwater
See Bruinen
Malduin
A northern tributary to the Taeglin in West Beleriand. It arose in the Mountains of Shadow and flowed generally southwards.
Mering Stream
The border river of Rohan and Gondor. The Mering Stream or in (Sindarin) Glanhír formed the border between the Gondorian province of Anórien and Rohan's province of Eastfold. It arose on the north side of the White Mountains and flowed generally north-east, at first through the Firien Wood, which grew about the hill of Halifirien, and thence into the Entwash.
Mindeb
A northern tributary of the Sirion in East Beleriand. It began in the Ered Gorgoroth near the Pass of Anach, and was met by an unnamed tributary coming from the Crissaegrim.
The Mindeb was the boundary between Dimbar (on the west) and Nan Dungortheb and the forest of Neldoreth (both on the east). Neldoreth was part of the realm of Doriath, so there the Mindeb formed the north-west sector of the Girdle of Melian. The Mindeb is mentioned in Quenta Silmarillion chapter 14.
Mitheithel
A great river of Eriador, translated as Hoarwell in Westron.[20] The source lay in the northern Misty Mountains, from where the river sped past the Ettenmoors before bending south. The East Road crossed the Mitheithel at the Last Bridge, after which the river was met by the Bruinen, forming the Angle. From there Mitheithel formed the south-west border of Eregion, until it came to the Swanfleet, where the Glanduin flowed, and became the Gwathló (Greyflood) river.
Morgulduin
(S. 'river of sorcery') A river of Gondor that began at Cirith Ungol. It flowed past Minas Morgul towards the Anduin, and was followed by the old Númenórean road from Minas Morgul to Osgiliath. It was crossed by the Harad Road with a bridge just south of the Cross-roads.
Morthond
A river of Gondor beginning at the southern edges of the Dwimorberg at the end of the Paths of the Dead in the White Mountains. It then flowed past the ancient site of Erech and the Pinnath Gelin. After meeting its tributary the Ringló, it entered the Great Sea at Edhellond. Also translated as Blackroot.
The Morthond was one of the Seven Rivers of Gondor.
Narog
The chief river of West Beleriand. The Narog rose from the Pools of Ivrin in the Ered Wethrin, flowed south and then southeast, flowing through a gorge in a series of rapids where it crossed the hills of the Andram or Long Wall, finally meeting the Sirion in the Land of Willows Nan-tathren, not far above the Mouths of Sirion. The Narog's tributaries were the Ginglith in the north and the Ringwil in the Taur-en-Faroth.
Into its western bank, just south of where the Ringwil rushed into the Narog, was carved the city of Nargothrond, stronghold of Finrod Felagund and then his brother Orodreth.
During his time in Nargothrond, Túrin Turambar persuaded Orodreth to build a bridge over the Narog. He did, but it resulted in the downfall of Nargothrond as it provided a way for the dragon Glaurung to reach the city.
Nen Lalaith
A stream of Dor-lómin that rose near Amon Darthir in Ered Wethrin and ran past Húrin's house.
Nenning
A river of the Falas. Its wells were in the hills lying north-west in West Beleriand south of the Ered Wethrin, near the Woods of Núath. It ran to the bay of Eglarest where it met the sea Belegaer.
Nimrodel
A river of Lothlórien. It began in the eastern foothills of the Misty Mountains under the Celebdil peak, and then flowed through Lothlórien until it met the Silverlode. The river was named after the Elven lady Nimrodel who dwelt beside the stream.
Ninglor
See Gladden
Norbourn
A river in the Northfarthing of the Shire. Between it and the Brandywine River stretched the Greenfields, where the Battle of Greenfields was fought. The Norbourn is only mentioned in the detailed index Tolkien was preparing for The Lord of the Rings, but which was eventually left unfinished. In the partial map of the Shire published within The Lord of the Rings an unnamed river flows from the north to the Bywater Pool, which might possibly be the Norbourn.
Onodló
See Entwash
A river in the south of Gondor. It forms the northern border of the contested land of the South Gondor, and the southern border of Ithilien. During the later Third Age it was the effective southern border of Gondor.
About 400 miles (640 km) long, it began in the Ephel Dúath of Mordor and then flowed south-west for about 300 miles (480 km), when it bent north and met the Anduin just before its delta.
The Poros was crossed by the Harad Road at the Crossings of Poros. A battle was fought at the Crossings in T.A. 2885 between the forces of Gondor and Harad. The Gondorians, aided by a contingent from Rohan, were victorious, but the twin sons of Folcwine, 14th king of Rohan, were killed in the battle. They were buried near the crossings in a mound called Haudh in Gwanur.[21]
Rathlóriel
See Ascar.
See Carnen
Ringló
A river of Gondor arising as two smaller unnamed rivers in the White Mountains, on the southern arm that bent towards Belfalas. Flowing through the city Ethring, it passed north of Tarnost, where it was met by the Ciril, and poured into the sea together with the Morthond at Edhellond.
The Ringló was one of the Seven Rivers of Gondor.
Ringwil
A tributary of the Narog in West Beleriand. It began in the hills about Nargothrond, and flowed north of the hidden city.
Where it met the Narog a secret door was built, which was used by Lúthien to escape from Nargothrond when Celegorm and Curufin held her prisoner.
Rivil
A stream in the north of Beleriand; it was a tributary of the Sirion. The Rivil's source was at Rivil's Well in Dorthonion; from there it flowed north-west until it met with the Sirion in the Fens of Serech.
The river is mentioned twice in The Silmarillion. The first mention is in the chapter concerning Beren and Lúthien. Rivil's Well was where a camp was made by the Orcs that had killed Barahir, father of Beren. Beren attacked them there, taking back the Ring of Barahir before escaping again.
The second mention is in the chapter concerning the Nírnaeth Arnoediad, where the valiant retreat of Húrin and Huor is described thus: "...foot by foot they withdrew, until they came behind the Fen of Serech, and had the stream of Rivil before them. There they stood and gave way no more."
Rushdown
An early tributary of the Anduin river in Wilderland. It flowed from the Misty Mountains and joined the Great River north of the Carrock. Early writings of Tolkien also gave its Sindarin name Rhimdath.[22]
See Celduin
Serni
The fourth of the Five Rivers of Lebennin in Gondor. It began in the plains of Lebennin and met the Bay of Belfalas north of the Mouths of Anduin at the city of Linhir.
The name is usually written Serni, although in the Preface to The Adventures of Tom Bombadil Tolkien spelt it Sernui. There he noted that the watercourse was one of the Seven Rivers of Gondor.
Seven Rivers
There were two sets of Seven Rivers in Middle-earth.
The Seven Rivers of Gondor were the rivers that flowed to the Sea in that kingdom. From west to east these were: Lefnui, Morthond-Ciril-Ringló, Gilrain-Serni, and Anduin.[23] Two of these, the Gilrain and Serni, were among the five rivers of Lebennin.
In the First Age, the Seven Rivers of Ossir defined Ossiriand, a land in Beleriand on the western side of the Blue Mountains, where the sources of all seven rivers were located. The seven were the Gelion and six tributaries, which from north to south were: Ascar, Thalos, Legolin, Brilthor, Duilwen and Adurant. In The Lord of the Rings Treebeard reminisces on "the light and the music in the Summer by the Seven Rivers of Ossir".
Shirebourn
A river of the Shire which had its source in the Green Hill Country of the Eastfarthing. At first the Shirebourn ran south, but then turned more easterly. At Willowbottom it was joined by its tributary the Thistle Brook, before flowing into the Brandywine at Deephallow. At this confluence lay the boggy region known as the Overbourn Marshes.
The Shirebourn formed the southern boundary of the Eastfarthing; the Southfarthing lay on the other side of this boundary.
Silverlode
The main river of Lothlórien. It rose in the eastern Misty Mountains near the East Gate of Moria, and flowed out of the Dimrill Dale and into Lothlórien. There it was met by the Nimrodel before eventually emptying into the Anduin. The Company of the Ring followed this river when they travelled from Moria to Lothlórien.
The Silverlode was called Celebrant in Sindarin and Kibil-nâla in Dwarvish. It also formed the northern boundary of the Field of Celebrant.
Tolkien noted, "It is probable that the Dwarves actually found silver in the river".[24]
In drafts of The Lord of the Rings, Tolkien contemplated Zigilnâd as the Dwarvish name for the river.[25]
Sirannon
The Gate Stream of Khazad-dûm (Moria). Beginning on the Silvertine, near Moria's West Gate (hence the name), it flowed generally south-west towards the river Glanduin. The Sirannon encountered the Stair Falls under the gates of Moria, and its sound could have been heard from miles around.
During the War of the Ring, the Company of the Ring found that the Gate Stream had been dammed by someone or something, and before the gates of Moria there was a foul lake where the Watcher in the Water dwelt.
A great river of Middle-earth in the First Age, and the principal river of Beleriand. During most of its course it was the border between East and West Beleriand. Karen Wynn Fonstad estimates its length as 390 miles in her Atlas of Middle-earth.
The Sirion's source was at Eithel Sirion (the Wells of Sirion); from there it flowed southwards along the eastern foot-hills of the Ered Wethrin, passing through the Fens of Serech before running through the Pass of Sirion: the valley between the Ered Wethrin and the Echoriath. It then continued south into Beleriand, with the Forest of Brethil to the west, and Dimbar and then Doriath to the east. After leaving Doriath it ran through the Fens of Sirion and Aelin-uial before falling below ground in the Falls of Sirion at Andram (the Long Wall), where the ground fell steeply. Three leagues southwards the Sirion exited the caves at the Gates of Sirion. It then flowed southwards through Nan-tathren until it reached the Bay of Balar, part of Belegaer, at Ethir Sirion (the Mouths of Sirion).
Barad Eithel, at the source of the Sirion, was a chief fortress of Fingolfin and his son Fingon. Further south, in the Pass of Sirion, lay Tol Sirion in the centre of the river.
The Sirion essentially ran southwards, so its tributaries flowed in from the east (E) or west (W). Its direct tributaries were (beginning in the north): the Rivil (E), the Lithir (W), the Dry River (E), the Mindeb (E), the Teiglin (W), the Esgalduin (E), the Aros (E), and the Narog (W).
Sirith
The third of the Five Rivers of Lebennin in Gondor. The Celon was its tributary, while Sirith met the Anduin at Pelargir.
Snowbourn
A river of Rohan arising in the White Mountains under the mountain Starkhorn. It flowed through Harrowdale, then past Edoras (the capital of Rohan), and then ran east until it met the river Entwash.
The Snowbourn demarcated some of Rohan's regions: it separated the Eastfold and the West Emnet, and formed part of the boundary between the East-mark and the West-mark.
Stockbrook
The Stockbrook was a stream in the Eastfarthing of the Shire. It arose in and flowed through the Woody End, and then flowed through the Marish before entering the Brandywine at Stock. Frodo Baggins and his companions waded across the Stockbrook during the morning of 25th 'September' T.A. 3018.
Taeglin
A tributary of the Sirion in West Beleriand. It rose in the southern reaches of the Ered Wethrin, ran generally southeast, receiving the waters of Glithui and Malduin, then passed along the southern margin of the Forest of Brethil, where it ran through a gorge named Cabed-en-Aras and then received the Celebros. The Taeglin then ran eastward into Sirion at the borders of Doriath.
An important ford on the river was the Crossings of Teiglin, near the western border of Brethil. A road ran through it from Nargothrond to Minas Tirith. Minor tributaries were the Celebros and Malduin. The river's banks near the Celebros were the scene of the encounter between Túrin Turambar and the dragon Glaurung.
In the published Silmarillion and early writings, the river was called Teiglin. As revealed in The History of Middle-earth, the river's name should actually have been spelt Taeglin. This was a relatively late change which was not adopted by Christopher Tolkien in his published Silmarillion.
Thalos
A tributary of the Gelion. It was the third from the north of the seven rivers that defined Ossiriand. Thalos arose on from the west side of the Blue Mountains, and at its springs Finrod met the first Men to enter Beleriand.
Thistle Brook
A stream of the Eastfarthing of the Shire. It flowed southeast round the Woody End and through the village of Willowbottom before its waters emptied into the Shirebourn.
A river in the Shire. It was a tributary of the river Brandywine that arose in the Westfarthing of the Shire, and flowed eastward through the Eastfarthing before entering the Brandywine just north of the Brandywine Bridge. Natural features along the river included Rushock Bog and the Bywater Pool.
The villages close to the river were Needlehole, Hobbiton, Bywater, Frogmorton and Whitfurrows.
The Water had its own tributaries. One of these was a stream which flowed down from the Green Hill Country to the south,[26] used by Frodo in the early part of his journey.[27] Another tributary (possibly the Norbourn) ran from the Northfarthing and entered the Water at the Bywater Pool.
The Water is the only watercourse of the Shire (or indeed of western Eriador) mentioned in The Hobbit.
Withywindle
The main river of the Old Forest, and a tributary of the Baranduin (Brandywine). The Withywindle rose in the Barrow-downs, flowed over a waterfall by the house of Tom Bombadil, meandered through the Old Forest, and joined the Brandywine at Haysend. The name means 'a winding river bordered by willows (withies).'[28] The element 'windel' means 'basket' in Old English, and thus the river's name alludes to the net of trees woven by Old Man Willow from the banks of the river.
In legends the stream was inhabited by nature-spirits, namely the River-woman and her daughter Goldberry. Bombadil discovered Goldberry in one of the river's pools, and they wed, living together in Bombadil's house. He regularly travelled along the Withywindle to gather flowers for her from her former aquatic home; she revisited during spring.[29]
The river ecosystem of the Withywindle was diverse, as it had been virtually undisturbed by humans (or hobbits) for thousands of years. Animal life included a variety of birds (notably swans, kingfishers, willow-wrens, coots, dabchicks, and herons); mammals ('water-rats', badgers and otters); insects (bumblebees, butterflies, moths and flies) and fish. Willows were ubiquitous, but other plants included alders, briar-roses, forget-me-nots, buttercups (possibly Ranunculus arvensis), grass, reeds and water-lilies.[30]
The valley of the Withywindle within the Old Forest was known as the Dingle.[31] It lay within the kingdom of Arnor, which claimed the royal prerogative of swan upping in the river.[32] However there is no evidence that the prerogative was ever exercised.
The Withywindle figures primarily in The Fellowship of the Ring and the first two poems of The Adventures of Tom Bombadil. In The Fellowship of the Ring Frodo Baggins and his companions tried to avoid the river when attempting to traverse the Old Forest, having been warned against it by Merry. However they found that the forest appeared to channel them to the river. At first it appeared to be serene, but they had been lured into the clutches of Old Man Willow. Only the arrival of Bombadil enabled them to escape; then they followed Bombadil and the Withywindle upstream to the other side of the forest.
Tom Shippey identified the Withywindle with the River Cherwell near Tolkien's home in Oxford.[33]
Zigilnâd
^ Robert Foster (1978), The Complete Guide to Middle-earth, Unwin Paperbacks p. 23;
^ Hooker, Mark T. (2014). The Tolkienaeum. Llyfrawr. pp. 181–182.
^ Wayne G. Hammond & Christina Scull (1995), J. R. R. Tolkien: Artist and Illustrator, HarperCollins, figure 160 p.165; ISBN 0-261-10322-9
^ Barbara Strachey (1981), Journeys of Frodo, Unwin Paperbacks, map 33, ISBN 0 04 912011 5.
^ J. R. R. Tolkien (1967), Nomenclature of The Lord of the Rings, published in Wayne G. Hammond & Christina Scull (2005), The Lord of the Rings: A Reader's Companion, HarperCollins, p.768, ISBN 0 00 720308 X.
^ A Tolkien Compass, ed. Jared Lobdell, pp. 183-84 (Chicago, Open Court Press, 1975)
^ Unfinished Tales, ed. Christopher Tolkien, p. 319) (mass market paperback ed. 1975)
^ Tolkien, J. R. R. (1994), Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The War of the Jewels, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, pp. 191, 336, ISBN 0-395-71041-3
^ "Flora of Middle Earth:Plants of J.R.R. Tolkien's Legendarium; Walter S. Judd & Graham A. Judd". Oxford University Press. Retrieved 27 November 2018.
^ J. R. R. Tolkien (1954), The Fellowship of the Ring, 2nd edition (1966), George Allen & Unwin, book 1 ch. 2 p. 62; ISBN 0 04 23045 6
^ Tolkien, J. R. R. (1980), Christopher Tolkien (ed.), Unfinished Tales, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, History of Galadriel and Celeborn, Appendix D "The Port of Lond Daer", ISBN 0-395-29917-9
^ Tolkien, J. R. R. (1977), Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The Silmarillion, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, "History of Galadriel and Celeborn", ISBN 0-395-25730-1
^ Harper, Douglas. "Iron". Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved 17 September 2012.
^ "Isen". The Encyclopedia of Arda. Mark Fisher. 25 February 2009. Retrieved 17 September 2012.
^ Tolkien's map of Helm's Deep shows the Deeping-stream flowing away west towards the Isen: Wayne G. Hammond & Christina Scull (1995), J. R. R. Tolkien: Artist and Illustrator, HarperCollins, figure 160 p.165; ISBN 0-261-10322-9
^ The Return of the King, "The Grey Havens", p. 310.
^ The History of Middle-earth, vol. XII, "Of Dwarves and Men", p. 313.
^ Unfinished Tales, note 46 to "Cirion and Eorl".
^ Tolkien, J. R. R. (1994), Christopher Tolkien (ed.), The War of the Jewels, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, ISBN 0-395-71041-3
^ The Fellowship of the Ring, "Flight to the Ford".
^ J. R. R. Tolkien (1955), The Return of the King, 2nd edition (1966), appendix A part I(iv) p. 335, part II p. 350, appendix B (Third Age) p. 369, and the map of Gondor; ISBN 0 04 823047 2
^ Tolkien, Christopher (1988, ed.), The Return of the Shadow (being volume 6 of The History of Middle-earth), Unwin Hyman, ch.XI p.205 footnote, ISBN 0-04-440162-0.
^ J. R. R. Tolkien (1962), The Adventures of Tom Bombadil, Unwin Paperbacks (1975), Preface, p. 80 footnote 1; ISBN 0 04 823125 8; in this preface Tolkien used the spelling Kiril instead of Ciril, and Sernui instead of Serni.
^ J. R. R. Tolkien (1989), The Treason of Isengard (volume 7 of The History of Middle-earth), Unwin Hyman, ch. VIII p.175 note 22
^ J. R. R. Tolkien (1996), The Peoples of Middle-earth (volume 12 of The History of Middle-earth), Houghton Mifflin, part 1 ch. IX (iv) 'Durin's Folk p. 279; ISBN 0-395-82760-4
^ Barbara Strachey (1981), Journeys of Frodo, Unwin Paperbacks, map 1; ISBN 0 04 912011 5.
^ J. R. R. Tolkien (1954), The Fellowship of the Ring, George Allen & Unwin, 2nd edition (1966), book 1 ch.3 p.82; ISBN 0 04 823045 6.
^ J. R. R. Tolkien (1967), Nomenclature of The Lord of the Rings, published in Hammond, Wayne G. & Christina Scull (2005), The Lord of the Rings: A Reader's Companion, London: HarperCollins, p.779, ISBN 0 00 720308 X
^ Tolkien, J.R.R. (1954), The Fellowship of the Ring, 2nd edition (1966), George Allen & Unwin, ch. VII p.137, ISBN 0 04 823045 6
^ Tolkien, J. R. R. (1962), The Adventures of Tom Bombadil, Unwin Paperbacks, poems 1 & 2; ISBN 0 04 823125 8
^ Tolkien, J. R. R. (1962), The Adventures of Tom Bombadil, Unwin Paperbacks, preface, p.80; ISBN 0 04 823125 8
^ Tolkien, J. R. R. (1962), 'Bombadil Goes Boating', in The Adventures of Tom Bombadil, Unwin Paperbacks edition, George Allen & Unwin, poem II verse 18 ("...If one day the King returns"), p.93; ISBN 0 04 823125 8
^ Shippey, T. A. (2000), J. R. R. Tolkien: Author of the Century, Harper Collins, p.63, ISBN 0 261 10400 4
Musings on Limlight by H. Martínez and J. Merino at Tengwestië
Rivers and Lakes at the Encyclopedia of Arda
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Middle-earth_rivers&oldid=903704246#Mering_Stream"
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"Rodolfo Valentino" redirects here. For the Filipino politician, see Rodolfo B. Valentino. For the hairdresser, see Rodolfo Valentin.
Rodolfo Alfonso Raffaello Pierre Filibert Guglielmi di Valentina d'Antonguella (May 6, 1895 – August 23, 1926), known professionally as Rudolph Valentino, was an Italian actor based in the United States who starred in several well-known silent films including The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse, The Sheik, Blood and Sand, The Eagle, and The Son of the Sheik.
Valentino photographed by James Abbe, c. 1923
Rodolfo Pietro Filiberto Raffaello Guglielmi di Valentina d'Antonguella
(1895-05-06)May 6, 1895
Castellaneta, Apulia, Kingdom of Italy
August 23, 1926(1926-08-23) (aged 31)
New York City, U.S.
Burial place
Hollywood Forever Cemetery 34°5′17″N 118°18′59″W / 34.08806°N 118.31639°W / 34.08806; -118.31639 (Rudolph Valentino Burial Site)
Jean Acker
(m. 1919; div. 1923)
Natacha Rambova
He was an early pop icon, and a sex symbol of the 1920s, who was known in Hollywood as the "Latin lover" or simply as "Valentino".[1] His premature death at the age of 31 caused mass hysteria among his fans and further propelled his status as a cultural film icon.
Childhood and emigrationEdit
Valentino as a boy
Valentino was born in Castellaneta, Apulia, Kingdom of Italy and named Rodolfo Pietro Filiberto Raffaello Guglielmi.[2] His mother, Marie Berthe Gabrielle Barbin (1856–1918), was French, born in Lure in Franche-Comté. His father, Giovanni Antonio Giuseppe Fedele Guglielmi di Valentina d'Antonguella, was Italian; he was a captain of cavalry in the Italian Army, later a veterinarian,[3] who died of malaria when Rodolfo was 11 years of age.[4][5][6] Valentino had an older brother, Alberto (1892–1981), a younger sister, Maria, and an older sister, Beatrice, who had died in infancy.[7]
As a child, Rodolfo was indulged because of his exceptional looks and his playful personality. His mother coddled him, while his father disapproved of him.[8] He did poorly in school and was eventually enrolled in agricultural school in Genoa, where he earned a certificate.[9]
After living in Paris in 1912, he soon returned to Italy. Unable to secure employment, he departed for the United States in 1913.[10] He was processed at Ellis Island at age 18 on December 23, 1913.[11] Although he found unparalleled fame and success in America, Valentino never filed the necessary papers for naturalization, and so retained his Italian citizenship.
New YorkEdit
Valentino around the late 1910s
Arriving in New York City, he supported himself with odd jobs such as busing tables in restaurants and gardening.[10] Valentino once worked as a bus boy at Murray's on 42nd Street and was well liked, but didn't do a good job and was fired. While he was living on the streets, Valentino would occasionally come back to Murray's for lunch and the staff would slip him some food. Around 1914, Restaurateur Joe Pani who owned Castles-by-the-Sea, the Colony, and the Woodmansten Inn was the first to hire Rudolph to dance the tango with Joan Sawyer for $50 per week.[12] Eventually, he found work as a taxi dancer at Maxim's Restaurant-Cabaret.[13] Among the other dancers at Maxim's were several displaced members of European nobility, for whom a premium demand existed.
Valentino eventually befriended Chilean heiress Blanca de Saulles, who was unhappily married to businessman John de Saulles, with whom she had a son. Whether Blanca and Valentino actually had a romantic relationship is unknown, but when the de Saulles couple divorced, Valentino took the stand to support Blanca de Saulles's claims of infidelity on her husband's part. Following the divorce, John de Saulles reportedly used his political connections to have Valentino arrested, along with a Mrs. Thyme, a known madam, on some unspecified vice charges. The evidence was flimsy at best, and after a few days in jail, Valentino's bail was lowered from $10,000 to $1,500.[14]
Following the well-publicized trial and subsequent scandal, Valentino could not find employment. Shortly after the trial, Blanca de Saulles fatally shot her ex-husband during a custody dispute over their son. Fearful of being called in as a witness in another sensational trial, Valentino left town and joined a traveling musical that led him to the West Coast.[15]
Film careerEdit
Before fameEdit
Valentino in an advertisement for The Married Virgin, in which he plays a villainous role
In 1917, Valentino joined an operetta company that traveled to Utah, where it disbanded. He then joined an Al Jolson production of Robinson Crusoe, Jr. which was travelling to Los Angeles. By fall, he was in San Francisco with a bit part in a theatrical production of Nobody Home. While in town, Valentino met actor Norman Kerry, who convinced him to try a career in cinema, which was still in the silent film era.[16]
Valentino and Kerry moved back to Los Angeles and became roommates at the Alexandria Hotel. He continued dancing, teaching dance, and building up a following that included older female clientele who would let him borrow their luxury cars.[17] At one point after the United States entered World War I, both Kerry and Valentino tried to get into the Canadian Air Force to fly and fight in France.[18]
With his dancing success, Valentino found a room of his own on Sunset Boulevard and began actively seeking screen roles. His first part was as an extra in the film Alimony, moving on to small parts in several films. Despite his best efforts, he was typically cast as a "heavy" (villain) or gangster.[14] At the time, the archetypal major male star was Wallace Reid, with a fair complexion, light eyes, and an All-American look, with Valentino the opposite,[19] eventually supplanting Sessue Hayakawa as Hollywood's most popular "exotic" male lead.[20][21]
By 1919, he had carved out a career in bit parts. It was a bit part as a "cabaret parasite" in the drama Eyes of Youth that caught the attention of screenwriter June Mathis, who thought he would be perfect for her next movie.[22] He also appeared as second lead in The Delicious Little Devil (1919) with star Mae Murray.
ActingEdit
Publicity portrait of Rudolph Valentino as Julio Desnoyers in the 1921 Metro Pictures production The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse
Displeased with playing "heavies", Valentino briefly entertained the idea of returning to New York permanently. He returned for a visit in 1917, staying with friends in Greenwich Village, eventually settling in Bayside, Queens. There he met Paul Ivano, who would greatly help his career.[23]
While traveling to Palm Springs, Florida, to film Stolen Moments, Valentino read the novel The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse by Vicente Blasco Ibáñez.[23] Seeking out a trade paper, he discovered that Metro had bought the film rights to the story. In New York, he sought out Metro's office, only to find June Mathis had been trying to find him. She cast him in the role of Julio Desnoyers. For the director, Mathis had chosen Rex Ingram, with whom Valentino did not get along, leading Mathis to play the role of peacekeeper between the two.[23]
The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse was released in 1921 and became a commercial and critical success. It was one of the first films to make $1,000,000 at the box office, and remains to this day the sixth-highest grossing silent film ever.[22][24]
Metro Pictures seemed unwilling to acknowledge that it had made a star. Most likely due to Rex Ingram's lack of faith in him, the studio refused to give him a raise beyond the $350 a week he had made for Four Horsemen. For his follow-up film, they forced him into a bit part in a B-film called Uncharted Seas. On this film, Valentino met his second wife, Natacha Rambova.[23][25]
Rambova, Mathis, Ivano, and Valentino began work on the Alla Nazimova film Camille. Valentino was cast in the role of Armand, Nazimova's love interest. The film, mostly under the control of Rambova and Nazimova, was considered too avant garde by critics and the public.[25]
Valentino's final film for Metro was the Mathis-penned The Conquering Power. The film received critical acclaim and did well at the box office.[25] After the film's release, Valentino made a trip to New York, where he met with several French producers. Yearning for Europe, better pay, and more respect, Valentino returned and promptly quit Metro.[25]
The SheikEdit
Valentino with the Arabian stallion Jadaan, publicity photo for Son of the Sheik, 1926
After quitting Metro, Valentino took up with Famous Players-Lasky, forerunner of the present-day Paramount Pictures, a studio known for films that were more commercially focused. Mathis soon joined him, angering both Ivano and Rambova.[25]
Jesse L. Lasky intended to capitalize on the star power of Valentino, and cast him in a role that solidified his reputation as the "Latin lover". In The Sheik (1921), Valentino played the starring role of Sheik Ahmed Ben Hassan. The film was a major success and defined not only his career but his image and legacy. Valentino tried to distance the character from a stereotypical portrayal of an Arab man. Asked if Lady Diana (his love interest) would have fallen for a "savage" in real life, Valentino replied, "People are not savages because they have dark skins. The Arabian civilization is one of the oldest in the world ... the Arabs are dignified and keen-brained."[26]
Famous Players produced four more feature-length films over the next 15 months. His leading role in Moran of the Lady Letty was of a typical Douglas Fairbanks nature; however, to capitalize on Valentino's bankability, his character was given a Spanish name and ancestry.[26] The film received mixed reviews, but was still a hit with audiences.[26]
In November 1921, Valentino starred alongside Gloria Swanson in Beyond the Rocks. The film contained lavish sets and extravagant costumes, though Photoplay magazine said the film was "a little unreal and hectic." Released in 1922, the film was a critical disappointment. Years after its release, Beyond the Rocks was thought to be lost, save for a one-minute portion.[27] But in 2002, the film was discovered by the Netherlands Film Museum. The restored version was released on DVD in 2006.[28]
Rudolph Valentino as Juan Gallardo in Blood and Sand
In 1922, Valentino began work on another Mathis-penned film, Blood and Sand. Valentino played the lead—bullfighter Juan Gallardo—and co-starred with Lila Lee and Nita Naldi. Initially believing the film would be shot in Spain, Valentino was upset to learn that the studio planned on shooting on a Hollywood back lot. He was further irritated by changes in production, including a director of whom he did not approve.[29]
After finishing the film, Valentino married Rambova, which led to a bigamy trial. The trial was a sensation and the pair was forced to have their marriage annulled and separated for a year. Despite the trial, the film was still a success, with critics calling it a masterpiece on par with Broken Blossoms and Four Horsemen. Blood and Sand became one of the four top-grossing movies of 1922, breaking attendance records, and grossing $37,400 at the Rivoli Theatre alone. Valentino considered this one of his best films.[30]
During his forced break from Rambova, the pair began working separately on the Mathis-penned The Young Rajah. Only fragments of this film, recovered in 2005, still remain.[30] The film did not live up to expectations and underperformed at the box office. Valentino felt he had underperformed in the film, being upset over his separation with Rambova.[30] Missing Rambova, Valentino returned to New York after the release of The Young Rajah. They were spotted and followed by reporters constantly. During this time, Valentino began to contemplate not returning to Famous Players, although Jesse Lasky already had his next picture, The Spanish Cavalier, in preparation. After speaking with Rambova and his lawyer Arthur Butler Graham, Valentino declared a 'one-man strike' against Famous Players.[30]
Strike against Famous PlayersEdit
Valentino went on strike for financially based reasons. At the time of his lawsuit against the studio, Valentino was earning $1,250 per week, with an increase to $3,000 after three years. This was $7,000 per week less than Mary Pickford made in 1916.[31] He was also upset over the broken promise of filming Blood and Sand in Spain, and the failure to shoot the next proposed film in either Spain or at least New York. Valentino had hoped while filming in Europe he could see his family, whom he had not seen in 10 years.[26]
In September 1922, he refused to accept paychecks from Famous Players until the dispute was solved, although he owed them money he had spent to pay off Jean Acker. Angered, Famous Players, in turn, filed suit against him.[32]
Valentino did not back down,[32] and Famous Players realized how much they stood to lose. In trouble after shelving Roscoe Arbuckle pictures, the studio tried to settle by upping his salary from $1,250 to $7,000 a week. Variety erroneously announced the salary increase as a "new contract" before news of the lawsuit was released, and Valentino angrily rejected the offer.[30]
Valentino went on to claim that artistic control was more of an issue than the money. He wrote an open letter to Photoplay magazine, titled "Open Letter to the American Public", where he argued his case,[30] although the average American had trouble sympathizing, as most made $2,000 a year. Famous Players made their own public statements deeming him more trouble than he was worth (the divorce, bigamy trials, debts) and that he was temperamental, almost diva-like. They claimed to have done all they could and that they had made him a real star.[32]
Other studios began courting him. Joseph Schenck was interested in casting his wife, Norma Talmadge, opposite Valentino in a version of Romeo and Juliet. June Mathis had moved to Goldwyn Pictures, where she was in charge of the Ben-Hur project, and interested in casting Valentino in the film. However, Famous Players exercised its option to extend his contract, preventing him from accepting any employment other than with the studio. By this point, Valentino was about $80,000 in debt. Valentino filed an appeal, a portion of which was granted. Although he was still not allowed to work as an actor, he could accept other types of employment.[32]
Mineralava Dance TourEdit
In late 1922, Valentino met George Ullman, who soon became his manager. Ullman previously had worked with Mineralava Beauty Clay Company, and convinced them that Valentino would be perfect as a spokesman with his legions of female fans.[32]
The tour was a tremendous success, with Valentino and Rambova performing in 88 cities in the United States and Canada. In addition to the tour, Valentino also sponsored Mineralava beauty products and judged Mineralava-sponsored beauty contests.[33] One beauty contest was filmed by a young David O. Selznick, who titled it Rudolph Valentino and his 88 Beauties.[34]
Return to filmsEdit
From A Sainted Devil
Valentino returned to the United States in reply to an offer from Ritz-Carlton Pictures (working through Famous Players), which included $7,500 a week, creative control, and filming in New York.[35] Rambova negotiated a two-picture deal with Famous Players and four pictures for Ritz-Carlton.[36] He accepted, turning down an offer to film an Italian production of Quo Vadis in Italy.[35]
The first film under the new contract was Monsieur Beaucaire, wherein Valentino played the lead, the Duke of Chartres. The film did poorly and American audiences found it "effeminate".[37] The failure of the film, under Rambova's control, is often seen as proof of her controlling nature and later caused her to be barred from Valentino sets.[36] Valentino made one final movie for Famous Players. In 1924, he starred in A Sainted Devil, now one of his lost films. It had lavish costumes, but apparently a weak story. It opened to strong sales, but soon dropped off in attendance and ended up as another disappointment.[37]
With his contract fulfilled, Valentino was released from Famous Players, but was still obligated to Ritz-Carlton for four films. Valentino's next film was a pet project titled The Hooded Falcon. The production was beset with problems from the start, beginning with the script written by June Mathis. The Valentinos were dissatisfied with Mathis's version and requested that it be rewritten.[38] Mathis took it as a great insult and did not speak to Valentino for almost two years.[39] While Rambova worked designing costumes and rewriting the script for Falcon, Valentino was persuaded to film Cobra with Nita Naldi. Valentino agreed only on condition that it not be released until after The Hooded Falcon debuted.[40]
Rudolph Valentino sporting a Van Dyke beard in 1924
After filming Cobra, the cast of The Hooded Falcon sailed for France to be fitted for costumes. After three months, they returned to the United States, where Valentino's new beard, which he had grown for the film, caused a sensation.[41] "I opened once a paper and I tell you what was in. It was Rudolph Valentino with a beard upon his chin. My heart stopped off from beating and I fainted dead away, and I never want to come to life until the judgement day," was soon printed in Photoplay.[42] The cast and crew left for Hollywood to begin preparations for the film, but much of the budget was taken up during preproduction.[43] Due to the Valentinos' lavish spending on costumes and sets, Ritz-Carlton terminated the deal with the couple, effectively ending Valentino's contract with Ritz-Carlton.[44]
United ArtistsEdit
Poster for The Son of the Sheik
During the filming of Monsieur Beaucaire, both Charlie Chaplin and Douglas Fairbanks approached Valentino privately, due to his contract with Ritz-Carlton, about joining with United Artists.[36] Valentino's contract with United Artists provided $10,000 a week for only three pictures a year, plus a percentage of his films. The contract excluded Rambova from production of his films and the film set. Valentino's acceptance of the terms caused a major rift in his marriage to Rambova. George Ullman, who had negotiated the contract with United Artists, offered Rambova $30,000 to finance a film of her own. It became her only film, titled What Price Beauty? and starred Myrna Loy.[45]
Valentino chose his first UA project, The Eagle. With the marriage under strain, Valentino began shooting and Rambova announced that she needed a "marital vacation".[46] During the filming of The Eagle, rumors of an affair with co-star Vilma Bánky were reported and ultimately denied by both Bánky and Valentino.[22] The film opened to positive reviews, but a moderate box office.[47]
For the film's release, Valentino travelled to London, staying there and in France, spending money with abandon while his divorce took place. Quite some time elapsed before he made another film, The Son of the Sheik, despite his hatred of the sheik image.[48] The film began shooting in February 1926, with Valentino given his choice of director, and pairing him again with Vilma Bánky. The film used the authentic costumes he bought abroad and allowed him to play a dual role. Valentino was ill during production, but he needed the money to pay his many debts. The film opened on July 9, 1926, to great fanfare. During the premiere, Valentino was reconciled with Mathis; the two had not spoken in almost two years.[48]
ImageEdit
Dating back to the de Saulles trial in New York, during which his masculinity had been questioned in print, Valentino had been very sensitive about his public perception. Women loved him and thought him the epitome of romance. However, American men were less impressed, walking out of his movies in disgust. With the Fairbanks type being the epitome of manhood, Valentino was seen as a threat to the "All American" man. One man, asked in a street interview in 1922 what he thought of Valentino, replied, "Many other men desire to be another Douglas Fairbanks. But Valentino? I wonder ..."[30] Women in the same interview found Valentino "triumphantly seductive. Puts the love-making of the average husband or sweetheart into discard as tame, flat, and unimpassioned."[30] Men may have wanted to act like Fairbanks, but they copied Valentino's look. A man with perfectly greased-back hair was called a "Vaselino".[30]
Painting of Rudolph Valentino by Serbian modernist artist Milena Pavlović-Barili
Some journalists were still calling his masculinity into question, going on at length about his pomaded hair, his dandyish clothing, his treatment of women, his views on women, and whether he was effeminate or not. Valentino hated these stories and was known to carry the clippings of the newspaper articles around with him and criticize them.[7]
In July 1926, the Chicago Tribune reported that a vending machine dispensing pink talcum powder had appeared in an upscale hotel's men's washroom. An editorial that followed used the story to protest the feminization of American men, and blamed the talcum powder on Valentino and his films. The piece infuriated Valentino and he challenged the writer to a boxing match, since dueling was illegal.[49] Neither challenge was answered.[50] Shortly afterward, Valentino met with journalist H. L. Mencken for advice on how best to deal with the incident. Mencken advised Valentino to "let the dreadful farce roll along to exhaustion,"[51] but Valentino insisted the editorial was "infamous."[51] Mencken found Valentino to be likable and gentlemanly and wrote sympathetically of him in an article published in the Baltimore Sun a week after Valentino's death:[52]
It was not that trifling Chicago episode that was riding him; it was the whole grotesque futility of his life. Had he achieved, out of nothing, a vast and dizzy success? Then that success was hollow as well as vast—a colossal and preposterous nothing. Was he acclaimed by yelling multitudes? Then every time the multitudes yelled he felt himself blushing inside ... The thing, at the start, must have only bewildered him, but in those last days, unless I am a worse psychologist than even the professors of psychology, it was revolting him. Worse, it was making him afraid ...
Here was a young man who was living daily the dream of millions of other men. Here was one who was catnip to women. Here was one who had wealth and fame. And here was one who was very unhappy.[53]
Caricatures of Valentino by Dick Dorgan, 1922
After Valentino challenged the Tribune's anonymous writer to a boxing match, the New York Evening Journal boxing writer, Frank O'Neill, volunteered to fight in his place. Valentino won the bout, which took place on the roof of New York's Ambassador Hotel.[54]
Heavyweight champion Jack Dempsey, who trained Valentino and other Hollywood notables of the era in boxing, said of him: "He was the most virile and masculine of men. The women were like flies to a honeypot. He could never shake them off, anywhere he went. What a lovely, lucky guy."[55]
Valentino's sex symbol status and his untimely death were a biographical part in John Dos Passos's The Big Money in the U.S.A trilogy. His title was the Adagio Dancer.[56]
Other venturesEdit
Valentino in fencing gear
In 1923, Valentino published a book of poetry titled Day Dreams.[57] He later serialized events in various magazines. With Liberty magazine, he wrote a series entitled, "How You Can Keep Fit" in 1923.[57] "My Life Story" was serialized in Photoplay during his dance tour. The March issue was one of the best-selling ever for the magazine.[32] He followed that with "My Private Diary", serialized in Movie Weekly magazine. Most of the serials were later published as books after his death.[58]
Valentino was fascinated with every part of movie-making. During production on a Mae Murray film, he spent time studying the director's plans.[19] He craved authenticity and wished to shoot on location,[25][30] finally forming his own production company, Rudolph Valentino Productions, in 1925.[47] Valentino, George Ullman, and Beatrice Ullman were the incorporators.
On May 14, 1923, while in New York City, Valentino made his only two vocal recordings for Brunswick Records; "Kashmiri Song" (The Sheik) and "El Relicario" (Blood and Sand).[59] The recordings were not released until after Valentino's death by the Celebrity Recording Company; Brunswick did not release them because Valentino's English/Spanish pronunciation was subpar.[60]
Valentino was one of the first in Hollywood to offer an award for artistic accomplishments in films; the Academy Awards later followed suit. In 1925, he gave out his only medal to John Barrymore for his performance in Beau Brummel. The award, named the Rudolph Valentino Medal, required the agreement of Valentino, two judges, and the votes of 75 critics. Everyone other than Valentino himself was eligible.[47]
Rudolph Valentino with Natacha Rambova and their dogs
Sheet music cover for "Rodolph Valentino Blues" written in 1922: To quote the lyrics, "Oh Mister Rodolph Valentino / I know I've got the Valentino blues / And when you come up on the screen / Oh! You're so romantic, I go frantic at the views"
In 1919—just before the rise of his career—Valentino impulsively married actress Jean Acker, who was involved with actresses Grace Darmond and Alla Nazimova. Acker became involved with Valentino in part to remove herself from the lesbian love triangle, quickly regretted the marriage, and locked Valentino out of their room on their wedding night. The couple separated soon after, and the marriage was never consummated.[5] The couple remained legally married until 1921, when Acker sued Valentino for divorce, citing desertion.[22] The divorce was granted, with Acker receiving alimony. She and Valentino eventually renewed their friendship, and remained friends until his death.[5]
Valentino first met Winifred Shaughnessy, known by her stage name, Natacha Rambova—an American silent film costume and set designer, art director, and protégée of Nazimova—on the set of Uncharted Seas in 1921. The two worked together on the Nazimova production of Camille, by which time they were romantically involved.[61] They married on May 13, 1922, in Mexicali, Mexico, which resulted in Valentino's arrest for bigamy, since he had not been divorced for a full year, as required by California law at the time. Days passed and his studio at the time, Famous Players-Lasky, refused to post bail. Eventually, a few friends were able to post the cash bail.[62] He was also investigated for a possible violation of the Mann Act.[63]
Having to wait the year or face the possibility of being arrested again, Rambova and Valentino lived in separate apartments in New York City, each with their own roommates. On March 14, 1923, they legally remarried at the Lake County Court House in Crown Point, Indiana.[64]
Many of Valentino's friends disliked Rambova and found her controlling.[47] During his relationship with her, he lost many friends and business associates, including June Mathis. Towards the end of their marriage, Rambova was banned from his sets by contract. Valentino and Rambova divorced in 1925. The end of the marriage was bitter, with Valentino bequeathing Rambova one dollar in his will.[22]
From the time he died in 1926 until the 1960s, Valentino's sexuality was not generally questioned in print.[65][66] At least four books, including the notoriously libelous Hollywood Babylon, suggested that he may have been gay despite his marriage to Rambova.[67][68][69][70][71] For some, the marriages to Acker and Rambova, as well as the relationship with Pola Negri, add to the suspicion that Valentino was gay and that these were "lavender marriages."
Such books gave rise to claims that Valentino had a relationship with Ramón Novarro, despite Novarro stating they barely knew each other.[65][68] Hollywood Babylon recounts a story that Valentino had given Novarro an art deco dildo as a gift, which was found stuffed in his throat at the time of his murder. No such gift existed.[65][67][68] These books also gave rise to claims that he may have had relationships with both roommates Paul Ivano and Douglas Gerrad, as well as Norman Kerry, and openly gay French theatre director and poet Jacques Hébertot.[72] However, Ivano maintained that it was untrue and both he and Valentino were heterosexual.[23] Biographers Emily Leider and Allan Ellenberger generally agree that he was most likely straight.[73][74]
There was further supposed evidence that Valentino was gay; documents in the estate of the late author Samuel Steward indicated that Valentino and Steward were sexual partners.[75] However, evidence found in Steward's claim was subsequently found to be false, as Valentino was in New York on the date Steward claimed a sexual encounter occurred in Ohio.[76]
Shortly before his death, Valentino was dating Ziegfeld Follies showgirl Marion Wilson Benda[77] while he was also involved in a relationship with actress Pola Negri. Upon his death, Negri made a scene at his funeral, claiming they had been engaged, in spite of the fact that Valentino had never mentioned this engagement to anyone himself.[57]
A mourner grieves at the bier of Rudolph Valentino during the actor's funeral
On August 15, 1926, Valentino collapsed at the Hotel Ambassador on Park Avenue in Manhattan. He was hospitalized at the New York Polyclinic Hospital. Following an examination, he was diagnosed with appendicitis and gastric ulcers, and surgery was performed immediately. (His condition was referred to as "Valentino's syndrome"—perforated ulcers mimicking appendicitis.) After surgery, Valentino developed peritonitis. On August 18, his doctors were optimistic about his prognosis. The media were told that unless Valentino's condition deteriorated, no updates would be given.[78] However, his condition worsened on August 21. He was stricken with a severe relapse of pleuritis, which developed rapidly in his left lung due to his weakened condition.[78] The doctors realized that Valentino was going to die, but as was common at the time, chose to withhold this information. Valentino reportedly believed that he would recover. During the early hours of Monday, August 23, Valentino was briefly conscious and chatted with his doctors about his future, but soon lapsed into a coma. He died a few hours later at the age of 31.[22][78]
FuneralEdit
An estimated 100,000 people lined the streets of Manhattan to pay their respects at his funeral,[79] handled by the Frank Campbell Funeral Home. Suicides of despondent fans were reported. Windows were smashed as fans tried to get in and an all-day riot erupted on August 24. Over 100 mounted officers and NYPD's Police Reserve were deployed to restore order. A phalanx of officers lined the streets for the remainder of the viewing. Polish actress Pola Negri, claiming to be Valentino's fiancée, collapsed in hysterics while standing over the coffin,[80] and Campbell hired four actors to impersonate a Fascist Blackshirt honor guard, purportedly sent by Benito Mussolini.[81] Media reports that the body on display in the main salon was not Valentino but a decoy were continually denied by Campbell.
Crypt of Rudolph Valentino at Hollywood Forever Cemetery
Valentino's funeral mass in Manhattan was held on Monday, 30 August at Saint Malachy's Roman Catholic Church, often called "The Actor's Chapel", as it is located on West 49th Street in the Broadway theater district, and has a long association with show-business figures.[82]
After Valentino's remains were taken by train from New York to California, a second funeral was held on the West Coast, at the Catholic Church of the Good Shepherd in Beverly Hills.[82] Valentino had no final burial arrangements and his friend June Mathis arranged a temporary solution when she offered a crypt that she had purchased for the husband that she had since divorced.[83] Coincidentally, she died the following year and was interred in the adjoining crypt that she had purchased for herself; Valentino was never moved to a new location and he remained in the crypt next to Mathis. The two people are still interred side-by-side at Hollywood Forever Cemetery (originally Hollywood Memorial Park Cemetery) in Hollywood, California.[84]
EstateEdit
Valentino left his estate to his brother, sister, and Rambova's aunt Teresa Werner, who was left the share originally bequeathed to Rambova.[85] His Beverly Hills mansion, Falcon Lair, was later owned by heiress Doris Duke. Duke died there in 1993. The home was later sold and underwent major renovations. The main building of the estate was razed in 2006, and the property was then put back on the market.[82]
With Alice Terry in The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse
After Valentino's death, many of his films were reissued to help pay his estate expenses. Many were reissued well into the 1930s, long after the demise of silent film. Several books were written, including one by Rambova.[86] A photo montage print showed Valentino arriving in Heaven and being greeted by Enrico Caruso.
Over the years, a "woman in black" carrying a red rose has come to mourn at Valentino's crypt, usually on the anniversary of his death. Several myths surround the woman, though it seems the first woman in black was actually a publicity stunt cooked up by press agent Russel Birdwell in 1928. A woman named Ditra Flame claimed to be the original "woman in black". Several copycats have followed over the years.[87] Although originally a PR stunt, it has become a tradition. The current "woman in black" is motion picture historian Karie Bible. This myth of "woman in black" was also a source of inspiration for the song "Long Black Veil".
Valentino's hometown of Castellaneta, Italy, has created several services in his honor. The Museo Rodolfo Valentino was opened in his childhood home and a statue was unveiled in 1961. Fondazione Rodolfo Valentino was created to promote his life and his work.[88][89] In 2009, a film school was also opened in his hometown, Centro Studi Cine Club Rodolfo Valentino Castellaneta.[90] At the 1995 centennial of his birth, several events were held in his honor. From 1972 to 2006, an Italian acting award—The Rudolph Valentino Award—was handed out every year. Several actors from all over the world received this award, including Leonardo DiCaprio and Elizabeth Taylor.[91]
In 1994, an opera by Dominick Argento (libretto by Charles Nolte) entitled The Dream of Valentino was premiered by the Washington National Opera in Washington, DC.[92] Reviews were not enthusiastic.[93] The opera was revived by the Minnesota Opera in 2014, with similar reviews.
In Italy in 2006, a one-off film festival was planned to celebrate the opening of the Museo Rodolfo Valentino.[94] In May 2010, the American Society held the Rudolph Valentino Film Festival in Los Angeles, California.[95]
Valentino's syndrome, the type of medically emergent abdominal pain that caused his death, is named after him. Hollywood High School's mascot, the Shieks, is a tribute to a Valentino character.
Italian fashion designer Valentino is named after him.[96]
FilmsEdit
The life of Rudolph Valentino has been filmed a number of times for television and the big screen. One of these biopics is Ken Russell's 1977 film Valentino, in which he is portrayed by Rudolf Nureyev.
An earlier feature film about Valentino's life, also called Valentino, was released in 1951, starring Anthony Dexter in the title role.
In 1975, ABC produced the television movie The Legend of Valentino, with Franco Nero as Valentino.[97]
Actor Oliver Clark makes a cameo in the 1971 film They Might Be Giants as a nonverbal psychiatric patient nicknamed Mr Small, who is under the delusion that he is Valentino and refuses to speak until recognised. His delusion is quickly deduced by the main character, who is himself under the delusion that he is Sherlock Holmes.
Valentino is played by actor/director Alex Monty Canawati in the motion picture Return to Babylon (2013).
Valentino was played by Matt Collins in the 1977 spoof comedy The World's Greatest Lover.
Throughout his own lifetime, he was referenced in film. Mud and Sand, a parody of Blood and Sand, starred Stan Laurel as a bullfighter named Rhubarb Vaseline.
Valentino is a supporting character in the fifth season of the horror anthology series American Horror Story. In the series, Valentino, who is played by Finn Wittrock, fakes his own death in 1926 after being transformed into a vampire. Valentino then turns his fictional lover, Elizabeth Johnson, into a vampire, as well. Elizabeth goes on to become the Countess, the central antagonist of the show's fifth season, while Valentino is eventually killed by Donovan, one of Elizabeth's many lovers, in a jealous rage.
In 2018 Vlad Kozlov played Rudolph Valentino in the film Silent Life, also starring Isabella Rossellini, Franco Nero and Terry Moore as "The Lady in Black."
MusicEdit
Shortly after his death, several songs in tribute to Valentino, including "There's a New Star in Heaven Tonight" and one by his first wife, Jean Acker, titled "We Will Meet at the End of the Trail", became bestsellers.[13] In 1964, Freddie Hart recorded a ballad titled "Valentino."
Valentino is mentioned in the following songs:
"Farewell, Angelina", written and recorded by Bob Dylan in 1965 but not released until 1991; best known from the 1965 recording by Joan Baez
"Miranda", written and performed by Phil Ochs in 1967 and later recorded by Melanie Safka in 1976
"Celluloid Heroes", written by Ray Davies and performed by The Kinks in 1972
"Right Before Your Eyes", written and performed by Ian Thomas in 1977 and later recorded by America in 1982
"Tribute to Tino", written and performed by Dutch-Indonesian new-wave singer Taco for his album "After Eight" in 1982
"Don't Look Down", written and performed by Iggy Pop in 1979 and later recorded by David Bowie in 1984
"Manic Monday," written by Prince and performed by The Bangles in 1986
"Waiting For An Alibi," written by Phil Lynott and performed by Thin Lizzy in 1979
"Big Guns," written and performed by Skid Row in 1989
"Thank God I Found You (Remix)", performed by Mariah Carey, Joe and Nas and produced by DJ Clue? in 1999
"Long Tall Glasses (I Can Dance) ", written by Leo Sayer and David Courtney and performed by Leo Sayer in 1974
"Baby I’m Scared of You", from the album Love Wars, written by Cecil Womack and Linda Womack and performed by Womack & Womack in 1984
"Rudi" by Bebi Dol, Yugoslavia (Serbia) in 1983
FilmographyEdit
Main article: Rudolph Valentino filmography
^ Ramírez, Charles (2002). Latino Images in Film: Stereotypes, Subversion, and Resistance. U of Texas Press. p. 76. ISBN 0-292-70907-2.
^ "Immagine 127 / Image 127 [ Birth certificate no 182 ]" (in Italian). Archivio di Stato di Castellaneta / States Archives in Castellaneta > Antenati: Gli Archivi per la Ricerca Anagrafica / Ancestors: Archives for Research Registry. 9 May 1895. Retrieved 28 December 2016. Birth name: Rodolfo Pietro Filiberto Raffaello Guglielmi.
^ Rudolph Valentino: His Romantic Life and Death, Ben-Allah Newman, Ben-Allah Company, 1926, p. 22
^ Walker, Alexander. Rudolph Valentino. Stein and Day, 1976. ISBN 0-8128-2098-3.
^ a b c Gregg, Jill A. (2002). "St. James Encyclopedia of Pop Culture: Rudolph Valentino". St. James Encyclopedia of Pop Culture. Archived from the original on 2009-05-11. Retrieved 2008-04-07.
^ Leider, E.W. (2004). Dark Lover: The Life and Death of Rudolph Valentino. Faber & Faber, Incorporated. p. 14. ISBN 9780571211142. Retrieved 2014-12-07.
^ a b Leider, Emily (2003). Dark Lover: The Life and Death of Rudolph Valentino. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. pp. 1–3. ISBN 0-374-28239-0.
^ Leider, pp. 20–40.
^ Leider, page #s?
^ a b Leider, pp. 41–60
^ "The Statue of Liberty – Ellis Island Foundation, Inc". Ellisisland.org. Retrieved 2010-05-15.
^ Mok, Michel (June 15, 1939). "Joe Pani, Purveyor of Epicurean Viands, Once Staked Valentino to Coffee and Cakes". The New York Post: 15.
^ a b Robinson, David (June 2004). "Embezzler Of Hearts". Sight & Sound. Archived from the original on 2008-10-22. Retrieved 2008-04-07.
^ Parish, James Robert (2004). The Hollywood Book of Scandals: The Shocking, Often Disgraceful Deeds. McGraw-Hill Professional. ISBN 0-07-142189-0.
^ Leider, pp. 81–83
^ The Legend of Rudolph Valentino (1962) CBS produced by David Wolper
^ Dave Kehr, "New DVDs Review," New York Times, March 25, 2008. Retrieved 2008-06-16.
^ Miyao, Daisuke, Sessue Hayakawa: Silent Cinema and Transnational Stardom. Duke University Press. 2007.
^ a b c d e f Botham, Noel (2002). Valentino: The First Superstar. Metro Publishing Ltd. ISBN 1-84358-013-6.
^ a b c d e Leider, pp. 111–130
^ Biggest Money Pictures. Archived 2011-11-05 at the Wayback Machine CinemaWeb.com.
^ a b c d e f Leider, pp. 131–150
^ a b c d Leider, pp. 170–196
^ Carrell, Severin (2004-04-18). "Lost Swanson and Valentino classic is found". The Independent On Sunday. Archived from the original on 2009-05-11. Retrieved 2008-04-05.
^ Kehr, Dave (2006-01-11). "New DVD's: 'Beyond the Rocks'". New York Times. Retrieved 2008-04-05.
^ Porter, Darwin (2001). Hollywood's Silent Closet. Blood Moon Productions Ltd. pp. 497–498. ISBN 0-9668030-2-7.
^ a b c d e f g h i j Leider, pp. 197–231
^ Leider, p. 188
^ a b c d e f Leider, pp. 232–255.
^ Lorusso, Edward. "Rudolph Valentino & the Mineralava Tour of 1923". Retrieved 2008-04-12.
^ "Remembering Rudolph Valentino". Entertainment Magazine. 2005-09-06. Retrieved 2008-04-12.
^ a b Leider, pp. 256–279.
^ a b c Leider, pp. 280–300
^ a b Leider, pp. 301–325
^ Morris, Michael. Madam Valentino. Abbeville Press. pp. 156, 157. ISBN 1-55859-136-2.
^ Leider, pp. 323–324
^ Morris, Michael. Madam Valentino. Abbeville Press. p. 159. ISBN 1-55859-136-2.
^ Wells, Margaret Caroline (February 1925). "What!!! Valentino???". Photoplay. New York: Photoplay Publishing Company. Retrieved August 21, 2015.
^ Morris, Michael. Madam Valentino. Abbeville Press. pp. 162, 163, 164. ISBN 1-55859-136-2.
^ "The Press: Personal Puff". Time. August 2, 1926.
^ Edmiston, Fred W. The Coon-Sanders Nighthawks: The Band that Made Radio Famous. McFarland. p. 31. ISBN 0-7864-1340-9.
^ a b Ellenberger, Allan R.; Ballerini, Edoardo (2005). The Valentino Mystique: The Death And Afterlife Of The Silent Film Idol. McFarland. p. 22. ISBN 0-7864-1950-4.
^ Ellenberger, Allan R.; Ballerini, Edoardo (2005). The Valentino Mystique: The Death And Afterlife Of The Silent Film Idol. McFarland. p. 23. ISBN 0-7864-1950-4.
^ Mencken, H.L. (1982). A Mencken Chrestomathy. Vintage Books. pp. 283–284.
^ Cawthorne, Nigel (1997). Sex Lives of the Hollywood Idols. PRION.
^ Botham, Noel. Valentino: The First Superstar. Metro Books, 2002. ISBN 1-84358-013-6. p. 325.
^ Dos Passos, John. U.S.A. New York: literary classics of the United States, 1996. Print. U.S.A Trilogy.
^ a b c Walker, Stanley. Mrs. Astor's Horse. p. 222. ISBN 1-4067-3888-3.
^ Books and Articles by Rudolph Valentino. Rudolph-Valentino.com.
^ "Music of the Sound Screen". The New Movie. Jamaica, New York: Tower Magazines, Inc. November 1930. Retrieved November 9, 2015.
^ "International A?". Time. 1930-05-22. Retrieved 2008-04-11.
^ Morris, Michael. Madam Valentino. Abbeville Press. pp. 74, 77, 78. ISBN 1-55859-136-2.
^ Wallace, David. Lost Hollywood. Macmillan. p. 48. ISBN 0-312-26195-0.
^ "Pajama Revel By Valentino Party is Bared". San Francisco Chronicle. 19 May 1922. p. 1. Retrieved 13 February 2016 – via Newspapers.com.
^ a b c Allan R. Ellenberger, The Valentino Mystique, 15, Mcfarland
^ Morris, Michael, Madame Valentino, 264
^ a b Morris, Michael, Madame Valentino, 263–264
^ a b c Soares, Andre, Beyond Paradise, 295
^ Allan R. Ellenberger, The Valentino Mystique, 15–20, Mcfarland
^ Bret, David (2008). Joan Crawford: Hollywood Martyr. Da Capo Press. p. 28. ISBN 978-0-306-81624-6.
^ Leider, pp. 81, 271–272
^ Allan R. Ellenberger, The Valentino Mystique, 16, Mcfarland
^ Leider, pp. 81, 126, 271–274
^ Patricia Cohen, "Sexual Outlaw on the Gay Frontier", The New York Times (July 25, 2010)
^ Thomas Gladysz, "The Secret Historian and the Silent Film Star: One Was Gay," The Huffington Post (August 31, 2010)
^ Mallory Curley, Zeppo's Marion Benda and Valentino's Marion Benda: A Legacy of Confusion (Randy Press, 2016), pp. 17, 20-22, 29-34.
^ a b c "Valentino Loses Battle With Death: Greatest of Screen Lovers Fought Valiantly For Life" (PDF). The Plattsburgh Sentinel. Associated Press. August 24, 1926. p. 1. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 23, 2011. Retrieved 2010-05-15.
^ Brownlow, Kevin. Hollywood, Episode "Swanson & Valentino," 1980; New York Daily News headline, August 24, 1926
^ Brownlow, Kevin. Hollywood, Episode "Swanson & Valentino," 1980; interview with Ben Lyon, who was in charge of Valentino's funeral
^ Maeder, Jay (1999). Big Town, Big Time. Sports Publishing. p. 57. ISBN 1-58261-028-2.
^ a b c Ellenberger, Allan R.; Ballerini, Edoardo (2005). The Valentino Mystique: The Death and Afterlife of the Silent Film Idol. McFarland. p. 193. ISBN 0-7864-1950-4.
^ Brownlow, Kevin. Hollywood, Episode "Swanson & Valentino," 1980; interview with Paul Ivano
^ Wilson, Scott. Resting Places: The Burial Sites of More Than 14,000 Famous Persons, 3d ed.: 2 (Kindle Locations 48263-48264). McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers. Kindle Edition.
^ "People: Sep. 20, 1926". Time. September 20, 1926. Retrieved 2008-03-24.
^ "Woman in Black". Time. 1938-09-05. Retrieved 2008-04-11.
^ "the Rudolph Valentino Foundation was born in Castellaneta, an organization dedicated to Rudolph Valentino, honorary president is Silvie's Day, the nephew of the great star" (in Italian). fondazionevalentino.it. 2009-02-13. Retrieved 2016-08-17.
^ Gagliano Candela, Eleonora (2007-02-17). "E' nata la Fondazione Rodolfo Valentino nella sua natia Castellaneta" (in Italian). lsdmagazine.com. Retrieved 2009-11-28.
^ "Cinema: Nasce Fondazione Rodolfo Valentino, L'Omagg di Castellaneta Al 'Sud' Divo" (in Italian). libero-news.it. 2009-02-17. Archived from the original on 2011-10-05. Retrieved 2009-11-28.
^ "Rudolph Valentino Awards". premiorodolfovalentino.it. Retrieved 2009-11-28.
^ "The Dream of Valentino". boosey&hawkes.com. Retrieved 2018-02-19.
^ "Review of The Dream of Valentino". nytimes.com. Retrieved 2018-02-19.
^ "New Festival and Acting School For Rudolph Valentino". italymag.co.uk. 2005-08-25. Retrieved 2009-11-28.
^ "The Rudolph Valentino Film Festival". therudolphvalentinofilmfestival.com. Archived from the original on 2010-01-23. Retrieved 2009-11-28.
^ Georgieva, Zlatina (November 26, 2012). "The Last Emperor: Inside The Crazy World Of Valentino". The Independent.
^ Jay Sharbutt (November 21, 1975). "The Legend Of Valentino Due Sunday". Kingman Daily Miner. Retrieved 2012-07-30.
Valentino, Rudolph (1923). Day Dreams. McFadden Publications.
Valentino, Rudolph (1923). How You Can Keep Fit. McFadden Publications.
Valentino, Rudolph (1929). My Private Diary. Occult Publishing Company.
Book: Rudolph Valentino
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Rudolph Valentino.
Rudolph Valentino on IMDb
Rudolph Valentino at the TCM Movie Database
Rudolph Valentino at AllMovie
"Valentino, Rudolph (1895–1926)". glbtq.com. Archived from the original on 2012-09-24. Retrieved 2012-07-30.
Collected Works of Rudolph Valentino available for free download at Internet Archive (*the only known recordings of his voice)
Rambova, Natacha. Rudy: An Intimate Portrait of Rudolph Valentino by His Wife Natacha Rambova. London: Hutchinson & Co., 1926.
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www.verizon.com/about
Footnotes / references
In 1984, the United States Department of Justice mandated AT&T Corporation to break up the Bell System and split into seven companies, each a Regional Bell Operating Company (RBOC), and commonly referred to as "Baby Bells". One of the Baby Bells, Bell Atlantic,[9] came into existence in 1984, consisting of the separate operating companies New Jersey Bell, Bell of Pennsylvania, Diamond State Telephone, and C&P Telephone, with a trading area from New Jersey to Virginia. This company would later become Verizon.
As part of a rebranding of the Baby Bells in the mid-1990s, all of Bell Atlantic's operating companies assumed the holding company's name. In 1997, Bell Atlantic expanded into New York and the New England states by merging with fellow Baby Bell NYNEX. Although Bell Atlantic was the surviving company name, the merged company moved its headquarters from Philadelphia to NYNEX's old headquarters in New York City. In 2000, Bell Atlantic acquired GTE, which operated telecommunications companies across most of the rest of the country that was not already in Bell Atlantic's footprint. Bell Atlantic, the surviving entity, changed its name to "Verizon", a portmanteau of veritas (Latin for "truth") and horizon.[10]
In 2015, Verizon expanded into content ownership by acquiring AOL,[11][12] and two years later it acquired Yahoo!.[13] AOL and Yahoo were amalgamated into a new division named Oath Inc.[14] (currently known as Verizon Media).
As of 2016[update], Verizon is one of three remaining companies that had their roots in the former Baby Bells. The other two, like Verizon, exist as a result of mergers among fellow former Baby Bell members. SBC Communications bought out the Bells' former parent AT&T Corporation, and assumed the AT&T name. CenturyLink was formed initially in 2011 by the acquisition of Qwest (formerly named US West).
Verizon's subsidiary Verizon Wireless is the second largest U.S. wireless communications service provider as of April 2019, with 153.1 million mobile customers.[15] And as of 2017, Verizon is the only publicly traded telecommunications company to have two stock listings in its home country, both the NYSE (principal) and NASDAQ (secondary).[16] As of 2017, it is also the second largest telecommunications company by revenue after AT&T.[17]
Bell Atlantic (1983–2000)Edit
Bell Atlantic Corporation was created as one of the original Regional Bell Operating Companies (RBOCs) in 1984, during the breakup of the Bell System.[18][19] Bell Atlantic's original roster of operating companies included:
The Bell Telephone Company of Pennsylvania[20]
New Jersey Bell[21]
Diamond State Telephone[22]
C&P Telephone[22] (itself comprising four subsidiaries)[23]
Bell Atlantic originally operated in the states of New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, West Virginia, and Virginia, as well as Washington, DC.[22]
In 1996, CEO and Chairman Raymond W. Smith orchestrated Bell Atlantic's merger with NYNEX.[24] When it merged, it moved its corporate headquarters from Philadelphia to New York City.[24] NYNEX was consolidated into this name by 1997.[25]
Merger of equals (2000–2002)Edit
Verizon logo, 2000–2015. It is still used in many locations.
Bell Atlantic changed its name to Verizon Communications in June 2000 when the Federal Communications Commission approved the US $64.7 billion Merger with telephone company GTE, nearly two years after the deal was proposed in July 1998.[26] The approval came with 25 stipulations to preserve competition between local phone carriers, including investing in new markets and broadband technologies.[26] The new entity was headed by co-CEOs Charles Lee, formerly the CEO of GTE, and Bell Atlantic CEO Ivan Seidenberg.[26]
Verizon became the largest local telephone company in the United States, operating 63 million telephone lines in 40 states.[27] The company also inherited 25 million mobile phone customers.[27] Additionally, Verizon offered internet services and long-distance calling in New York, before expanding long-distance operations to other states.[26][28]
The name Verizon derives from the combination of the words veritas, Latin for truth, and horizon.[29] The name was chosen from 8,500 candidates and the company spent $300 million on marketing the new brand.[29][30]
Two months before the FCC gave final approval on the formation of Verizon Communications, Bell Atlantic formed Verizon Wireless in a joint venture with the British telecommunications company Vodafone in April 2000.[30][31][32] The companies established Verizon Wireless as its own business operated by Bell Atlantic, which owned 55% of the venture.[31] Vodafone retained 45% of the company.[31] The deal was valued at approximately $70 billion and created a mobile carrier with 23 million customers.[30][31] Verizon Wireless merged Bell Atlantic's wireless network, Vodafone's AirTouch and PrimeCo holdings, and the wireless division of GTE.[31][33][34] Due to its size, Verizon Wireless was able to offer national coverage at competitive rates, giving it an advantage over regional providers typical of the time.[30]
During its first operational year, Verizon Wireless released Mobile Web, an Internet service that allowed customers to access partner sites such as E*Trade, ABC News, ESPN, Amazon.com, Ticketmaster and MSN,[32] as well as the "New Every Two" program, which gave customers a free phone with every two-year service contract.[35] In another partnership with MSN in 2002, Verizon Wireless launched the mobile content service "VZW with MSN" and a phone that utilized the Microsoft Windows operating system.[36]
In August 2000, approximately 85,000 Verizon workers went on an 18-day labor strike after their union contracts expired.[37][38] The strike affected quarterly revenues,[39] resulting in Verizon Wireless' postponement of the company's IPO[39] (the IPO was ultimately cancelled in 2003, because the company no longer needed to raise revenue for Verizon Wireless due to increased profits[40]), and created a backlog of repairs.[38]
Verizon launched 3G service in 2002, which doubled the Internet speeds of the time to 144kb a second.[41] In August 2002, Verizon began offering local, long-distance, and mobile calling, as well as Internet service, in a bundle. It was initially only available to customers in New York and Massachusetts.[28]
In June 2003, Verizon Wireless backed an FCC-issued portability requirement that permitted consumers to take their phone numbers with them across carriers.[42] The company gained 1.5 million new subscribers the following quarter, partially due to the rule change.[43] The following year, in April 2004, the Dow Jones Industrial Average added Verizon Communications to its stock market index.[44] Verizon replaced telecom competitor AT&T, which had been a part of the index since the Great Depression.[44]
On December 22, 2004, mail servers at Verizon.net were configured not to accept connections from Europe, by default, in an attempt to reduce spam email that was originating from the region. Individual domains would only be unblocked upon request.[45]
In 2004, Verizon launched its Fios Internet service, which transmits data over fiber optic cables, in Keller, Texas.[46][47] The company launched Fios TV in September 2005, also in Keller, Texas. Twenty percent of qualified homes signed up by the end of the year.[48] By January 2006, Fios offered over 350 channels in eight states, including 20 high-definition television channels as well as video on demand.[48]
MCI acquisitionEdit
Verizon began negotiations to purchase long distance carrier MCI in 2005. MCI accepted the company's initial $6.75 billion offer in February 2005, but then received a higher offer from Qwest Communications. Verizon increased its bid to $7.6 billion (or $23.50 a share), which MCI accepted on March 29, 2005.[49] The acquisition gave the company access to MCI's one million corporate clients and international holdings, expanding Verizon's presence into global markets.[49][50] As a result, Verizon Business was established as a new division to serve the company's business and government customers.[51] The FCC approved the deal on November 5, 2005, valuing it at $8.5 billion.[52] Verizon's 2006 revenues rose by as much as 20% following the purchase.[53]
In May 2006, USA Today reported that Verizon, as well as AT&T and BellSouth, had given the National Security Agency landline phone records following the September 11 attacks.[54][55] That same month, a $50 billion lawsuit was filed by two lawyers on behalf of all Verizon subscribers for privacy violations and to prevent the company from releasing additional records without consent or warrant.[54][55] Protesters staged the National Day of Out(R)age due in part to the controversy.[56] Verizon stated in 2007 that the company fulfilled only "lawful demands" for information,[57] though also acknowledged surrendering customer information to government agencies without court orders or warrants 720 times between 2005 and 2007.[58]
Verizon won a lawsuit against Vonage in March 2007 for patent infringement. The three patents named were filed by Bell Atlantic in 1997 and relate to the conversion of IP addresses into phone numbers, a key technology of Vonage's business.[59] The company was awarded US$58 million in damages and future royalties.[59] Vonage later lost an appeal and was ordered to pay Verizon $120 million.[60]
In May 2007, Verizon acquired Cybertrust, a privately held provider of global information security services.[61]
Verizon Wireless reversed a controversial decision in September 2007 to deny NARAL Pro-Choice America a short code through which the organization could text consumers who had signed up for messaging from the group. They had initially refused the group access to a code by reserving the right to block "controversial or unsavory" messages.[62]
In November 2007, Verizon opened its networks for the first time to third party apps and devices,[63] a decision that allowed it to participate in the FCC's 2008 700 MHz auction of "open access" spectrum.[63][64] During that auction, the company bid $9.4 billion and won the bulk of national and local licenses for airwaves reaching approximately 469 million people.[64][65] Verizon utilized the increased spectrum for its 4G service.[64]
Verizon Wireless purchased wireless carrier Alltel for $28.1 billion in June 2008. The acquisition included 13 million customers, which allowed Verizon Wireless to surpass AT&T in number of customers and reach new markets in rural areas.[66]
In October 2010, Verizon Wireless paid $77.8 million in refunds and FCC penalties for overcharging 15 million customers for data services. The company stated the overcharges were accidental and only amounted to a few dollars per customer.[67][68]
On February 4, 2010, 4chan started receiving reports from Verizon Wireless customers that they were having difficulties accessing the site's image boards. 4chan administrators found that only traffic on port 80 to the boards.4chan.org domain was affected, leading them to believe that the block was intentional. On February 7, 2010, Verizon Wireless confirmed that 4chan.org was "explicitly blocked"[69] after Verizon's security and external experts detected sweep attacks coming from an IP address associated with the 4chan network. Traffic was restored several days later.[70]
In August 2010, the chairmen of Verizon and Google agreed that network neutrality should be defined and limited.[71][72]
Verizon introduced its 4G LTE network in 38 markets in December 2010, as well as in airports in seven additional cities. The company planned on a three-year continuous expansion of the 4G service.[73]
Selling wirelines (2005–2010 & 2015)Edit
Between 2005 and 2010, Verizon divested wireline operations in several states in order to focus on its wireless, Fios internet and Fios TV businesses.[53] It sold 700,000 lines in Hawaii in 2005,[53][74] and spun off lines in Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont in January 2007 that were then purchased by FairPoint Communications for $2.72 billion.[53] Verizon also shed its telephone directory business in 2006.[75]
In May 2009, the company spun off wirelines in Arizona, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Nevada, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, South Carolina, Washington, West Virginia, and Wisconsin into a company that then merged with Frontier Communications in a deal valued at $8.6 billion.[76][77] In 2016, Verizon sold its wireline operations in Texas, Florida, and California to Frontier.[78]
2011–presentEdit
On January 27, 2011, Verizon acquired Terremark, an information technology services company for $1.4 billion.[79] Ivan Seidenberg retired as Verizon's CEO on August 1, 2011. Lowell McAdam succeeded him.[80]
In December 2011, the non-partisan organization Public Campaign criticized Verizon for its tax avoidance procedures after it spent $52.34 million on lobbying while collecting $951 million in tax rebates between 2008 and 2010 and making a profit of $32.5 billion. The same report also criticized Verizon for increasing executive pay by 167% in 2010 for its top five executives while laying off 21,308 workers between 2008 and 2010.[81] However, in its Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 24, 2012, Verizon reported having paid more than $11.1 billion in taxes (including income, employment and property taxes) from 2009 to 2011. In addition, the company reported in the 10-K that most of the drop in employment since 2008 was due to a voluntary retirement offer.[82]
In June 2012, as part of its strategy to expand into new growth areas in its wireless business, Verizon purchased Hughes Telematics—a company that produces wireless features for automobiles—for $612 million.[83] Also in June 2012, Verizon's E-911 service failed in the aftermath of the June 2012 derecho storm in several northern Virginia suburbs of Washington, D.C., with some problems lasting several days.[84] The FCC conducted an investigation[84] and in January 2013 released a report detailing the problems that led to the failure. Verizon reported that it had already addressed or was addressing a number of the issues related to the FCC report, including the causes of generator failures, conducting audits of backup systems and making its monitoring systems less centralized,[85] although the FCC indicated that Verizon still needed to make additional improvements.[86]
In July 2012, the FCC ruled that Verizon must stop charging users an added fee for using 4G smartphones and tablets as Wi-Fi hotspots (known as "tethering"). Verizon had been charging its customers, even those with "unlimited" plans, $20 per month for tethering. As part of the settlement, Verizon made a voluntary payment of $1.25 million to the U.S. Treasury.[87]
In August 2012, the Department of Justice approved Verizon's purchase of Advanced Wireless Services (AWS) spectrum from a consortium of cable companies, including Comcast, Time Warner Cable and Bright House Networks, for $3.9 billion.[88] Verizon began expanding its LTE network utilizing these extra airwaves in October 2013.[89]
On June 5, 2013, The Guardian reported it had obtained an order by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and approved by the United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court that required Verizon to provide the NSA with telephone metadata for all calls originating in the U.S.[90][91] Verizon Wireless was not part of the NSA data collection for wireless accounts due to foreign ownership issues.[92] (see also MAINWAY article)
In September 2013, Verizon purchased the 45% stake in Verizon Wireless owned by Vodafone for $130 billion.[93] The deal closed on February 21, 2014, becoming the third largest corporate deal ever signed, giving Verizon Communications sole ownership of Verizon Wireless.[94]
On January 14, 2014, the DC Circuit Court of Appeals struck down the FCC's net neutrality rules after Verizon filed suit against them in January 2010.[95][96] In June 2016, in a 184-page ruling, the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit upheld, by a 2–1 vote, the FCC's net neutrality rules and the FCC's determination that broadband access is a public utility, rather than a luxury. AT&T and the telecom industry said that they would seek to appeal the decision to the Supreme Court.[97]
On January 22, 2014, The Wall Street Journal reported that Verizon received more than 1,000 requests for information about its subscribers on national security grounds via National Security Letters. In total, Verizon received 321,545 requests from federal, state and local law enforcement for U.S. customer information.[98] In May 2015, Verizon agreed to pay $90 million "to settle federal and state investigations into allegations mobile customers were improperly billed for premium text messages."[99]
In late October 2014, Verizon Wireless launched SugarString, a technology news website. The publication attracted controversy after it was reported that its writers were forbidden from publishing articles related to net neutrality or domestic surveillance. Although Verizon denied that this was the case, the site (described as being a pilot project) was shuttered in December.[100][101]
In August 2015, Verizon launched Hum, a service and device offering vehicle diagnostic and monitoring tools for vehicles.[102] On August 1, 2016, Verizon announced its acquisition of Fleetmatics, a fleet telematics system company in Dublin, Ireland, for $2.4 billion, to build products that it offers to enterprises for logistics and mobile workforces.[103] On September 12, 2016, Verizon announced its acquisition of Sensity, a startup for LED sensors, in an effort to bolster its IoT portfolio.[104]
In October 2016, Verizon was accused by Communications Workers of America of deliberately refusing to maintain its copper telephone service. The organization released internal memos and other documents stating that Verizon workers in Pennsylvania were being instructed to, in areas with network problems, migrate voice-only customers to VoiceLink—a system that delivers telephone service over the Verizon Wireless network, and not to repair the copper lines. VoiceLink has limitations, including incompatibility with services or devices that require the transmission of data over the telephone line, and a dependency on a battery backup in case of power failure. The memo warned that technicians who do not follow this procedure would be subject to "disciplinary action up to and including dismissal". A Verizon spokesperson responded to the allegations, stating that the company's top priority was to restore service to customers as quickly as possible, and that VoiceLink was a means of doing so in the event that larger repairs have to be done to the infrastructure. The spokesperson stated that it was "hard to argue with disciplining someone who intentionally leaves a customer without service".[105][106]
In November 2016, Verizon acquired mapping startup SocialRadar; its technology will be integrated with MapQuest.[107]
On January 26, 2017, The Washington Post reported that Verizon was in talks to merge with Charter Communications.[108]
On March 13, 2017, Verizon was sued by New York City for violating its cable franchise agreement, which required the provider to pass a fiberoptic network to all households in the city by June 30, 2014. Verizon disputed the claims, citing landlords not granting permission to install the equipment on their properties, and an understanding with the government that the fiber network would follow the same routes as its copper lines, and did not necessarily mean it would have to pass the lines in front of every property.[109]
On April 27, 2017, Verizon invested $10 million in Renovo Auto, a Campbell, California-based autonomous vehicle company.[110]
Verizon Connect was created in 2018, combining the individual units Telematics, Fleetmatics, and Telogis.[111][112][113]
Acquisition of AOL and YahooEdit
On May 12, 2015, Verizon announced they would acquire AOL at $50 per share, for a deal valued around $4.4 billion.[114][115] The following year, Verizon announced that it would acquire the core internet business of Yahoo for $4.83 billion.[13][116][117] Following the completion of the acquisitions, Verizon created a new division called Oath, which includes the AOL and Yahoo brands.[14] The sale did not include Yahoo's stakes in Alibaba Group and Yahoo! Japan.[118][119]
On March 16, 2017, Verizon announced that it would discontinue the e-mail services provided for its internet subscribers, and migrate them to AOL Mail.[120]
On May 23, 2017, Verizon CEO Lowell McAdam confirmed the company's plan to launch a streaming TV service.[121] The integrated AOL-Yahoo operation, housed under the newly created Oath division, will be organized around key content-based pillars.[122]
On June 13, 2017, Verizon completed its acquisition of Yahoo for $4.48 billion.[123]
Verizon service van
On December 10, 2018, Verizon announced that 10,400 managers had agreed to leave the company as part of a "voluntary separation program" that was offered to 44,000 employees, resulting in a cut to around 7% of its workforce. At the same time, the company announced a $4.6 billion write-off on its media division, citing "increased competitive and market pressures throughout 2018 that have resulted in lower-than-expected revenues and earning."[124]
On Jan 17, 2019, Verizon announced that it would offer anti-spam and robocalling features free of charge to all its customers from March.[125][126]
FinancesEdit
For the fiscal year 2017, Verizon reported earnings of US$30.101 billion, with an annual revenue of US$126.034 billion, an increase of 0.04% over the previous fiscal cycle. Verizon's shares traded at over $45 per share, and its market capitalization was valued at over US$229.1 billion in October 2018.[127] As of 2018, Verizon is ranked #16 on the Fortune 500 rankings of the largest United States corporations by total revenue.[128]
in mil. US$
in US$
2005 69,518 7,397 168,130 15.94
2008 97,354 −2,193 202,352 19.59
2009 107,808 4,894 226,907 18.17
2012 115,846 875 225,222 31.77
2013 120,550 11,497 274,098 38.47 176,800
2014 127,079 9,625 232,616 40.12 177,300
Marketing campaignsEdit
Since its inception, Verizon Communications has run several marketing campaigns, including:
Can you hear me now?Edit
The "Can you hear me now?" campaign, which was created for the newly formed Verizon Wireless, started running in 2001 and featured actor Paul Marcarelli in the role of "Test Man," a character based on a Verizon network tester who travels the country asking "Can you hear me now?".[129][130][131] The campaign, originally conceived by the agency Bozell in New York, ran from early 2001 to September 2010.[132][133] Data from the technology tracking firm The Yankee Group shows that, in the early years of the campaign, net customers grew 10% to 32.5 million in 2002 and 15% more to 37.5 million in 2003. In addition, customer turnover dropped to 1.8% in 2001, down from 2.5% in 2000.[131] In 2011, Marcarelli parted ways with Verizon and is now a spokesperson for Sprint.[134]
There's a map for thatEdit
The "There's a map for that" campaign was launched in late 2009. It was designed as a parody of AT&T's "There's an app for that" adverts. The ads depicted a side-by-side comparison of Verizon and AT&T network coverage maps.[135] AT&T filed a lawsuit in Atlanta federal court early in November 2009, claiming that the coverage maps being used in the ads were misleading.[136] The suit was dropped later that month in conjunction with Verizon dropping a similar suit against AT&T.[135]
That's not coolEdit
In 2009, Verizon joined with the Ad Council, in partnership with the Family Violence Prevention Fund and the Office on Violence Against Women, to create the "That's not cool" campaign. This public service advertising campaign was designed to help teens recognize and prevent digital dating abuse. Verizon ran the ads on its Wireless' Mobile Web service, Verizon FiOS internet and TV.[137][138]
Powerful AnswersEdit
In January 2013, Verizon launched the "Powerful Answers" campaign designed by agency McGarryBowen.[139] The campaign centered around a contest in which $10 million in prizes was offered to individuals for finding solutions to "the world's biggest challenges" by making use of Verizon's cloud, broadband, and wireless networks.[140][141] Winners of the inaugural competition were announced at the 2014 Consumer Electronics Show.[140] Israel-based TinyTap won the education category, Smart Vision Labs of Newport, Rhode Island, won in the healthcare category, and Mosaic Inc. of Oakland, California, won in the sustainability category.[140]
Inspire Her MindEdit
Verizon launched its "Inspire Her Mind" ad in June 2014. The ad, created by the agency AKQA, was designed to encourage girls' interest in science, technology, engineering and math.[142] It aimed to address findings from the National Science Foundation, whose research showed that 66 percent of fourth-grade girls said they like science and math, yet only 18 percent of college students in engineering and math are women.[143][144]
Flipside Stories (#NeverSettle)Edit
Verizon launched its Flipside Stories ad campaign in February 2015 featuring the #NeverSettle hashtag. The ads show dramatized "testimonials" of people with and without Verizon Wireless or Verizon Fios services.[145][146][147]
Better MattersEdit
In 2016, Verizon started using the slogan "Better Matters" in reference to its networks.[148]
Humanability campaignEdit
Verizon launched its Humanability campaign in 2017.[149][150] The company aimed for the ads to showcase to consumers and investors its diversification of revenue sources and technology beyond smartphones. These include online advertising, data collection, Internet of Things, smart cities, telematics, and media.[149][150]
Corporate governanceEdit
Board of DirectorsEdit
The current Board of Directors is comprised as follows as of August 2018:[151]
Lowell McAdam, Chairman of the Board
Hans Vestberg, CEO of Verizon
Shellye Archambeau, CEO of MetricStream
Mark Bertolini, CEO of Aetna
Richard Carrión, CEO of Popular, Inc.
Melanie Healey, former President of Procter & Gamble
Frances Keeth, former Executive Vice President of Royal Dutch Shell
Karl-Ludwig Kley, former CEO and Chairman of Merck Group
Clarence Otis, Jr., former CEO and Chairman of Darden Restaurants
Rodney E. Slater, former United States Secretary of Transportation and current partner at Squire Patton Boggs
Kathryn Tesija, former Executive Vice President of Target Corporation
Gregory Wasson, former CEO and Chairman of Walgreens Boots Alliance
Gregory Weaver, former CEO of Deloitte's audit and enterprise risk division
ExecutivesEdit
As of August 1, 2018:
Hans Vestberg, CEO
Ronan Dunne,[152] Group President of Verizon Wireless
In June 2018, Verizon announced Hans Vestberg, who in 2016 was fired as CEO of Ericsson,[153] would become the next Verizon CEO on August 1.[154]
McAdam will continue as chairman of the board of directors, though only in a non-executive capacity after the end of 2018.
Corporate responsibilityEdit
The Verizon Foundation is the philanthropic arm of Verizon Communications, donating about $70 million per year to nonprofit organizations, with a focus on education, domestic violence prevention, and energy management.[155] Verizon's educational initiatives have focused on STEM fields,[156] including: a national competition for students to develop mobile application concepts;[156] the Verizon Innovative Learning Schools program, providing professional development for teachers in underserved areas;[157] and providing students with wireless hardware and services as part of President Obama's ConnectED program.[158] The company also runs HopeLine, which has provided mobile phones to approximately 180,000 victims of domestic violence,[159][160] and a program that offers grants for victims of domestic violence to start or grow home-based businesses.[161] As part of an initiative to reduce the company's carbon intensity metrics by 50 percent by 2020, Verizon announced planned investment in solar panels and natural gas fuel cells at its facilities.[162] The increased capacity would make Verizon the leading solar power producer among U.S. communications companies.[163]
February 5, 2019, Verizon firstly entered the green bond market with an issue of $1 billion. The sale was oversubscribed meaning that investors bids were approximately about $8 billion. Verizon plans to invest money on the renewable energy, for instance, by developing of solar and wind energy, the energy efficient projects such as technology and equipment replacement and also the deployment of 5G wireless technologies allowing for real-time response for energy demand (smart building management and city systems), green buildings, sustainable water management and also biodiversity and conservation.[164]
According to Cbonds, the newly issued green bonds has 3.875% coupon rate and will mature on August 5, 2029. Goldman Sachs and Bank of America Merrill Lynch were the bookrunners of the deal.[165]
CriticismEdit
Security concernsEdit
According to Google Project Zero researcher Tavis Ormandy Verizon applies a simplistic certification methodology to give its "Excellence in Information Security Testing" award, e.g. to Comodo Group. It focuses on GUI functions instead of testing security relevant features. Not detected were Chromodo browser disabling of the same-origin policy, a VNC delivered with a default of weak authentication, not enabling address space layout randomization (ASLR) when scanning, and using access control lists (ACLs) throughout its product.[166]
Net neutralityEdit
Verizon and Comcast have been actively lobbying for current changes in the FCC's regulations that require internet service providers to offer all content at one internet speed regardless of the type of content since the early 2000s. In 2014, Verizon unsuccessfully sued the FCC for these powers.[167] Verizon has admitted to throttling content of its competitors including Netflix and YouTube.[168][169]
PrivacyEdit
Verizon has a one star privacy rating from the Electronic Frontier Foundation.[170]
Sponsorships and venuesEdit
Verizon is the title sponsor of several large performance and sports venues as well as a sponsor of several major sporting organizations.
National Hockey LeagueEdit
In January 2007, Verizon secured exclusive marketing and promotional rights with the National Hockey League.[171] The deal was extended for another three years in 2012 and included new provisions for the league to provide exclusive content through Verizon's GameCenter app.[172]
MotorsportsEdit
In 2009 and 2010 Verizon sponsored Justin Allgaier in the NASCAR Nationwide Series, before they chose to opt out of a two-year-old NASCAR team sponsorship with Penske Racing in order to pursue an expanded presence with the IndyCar Series.[173] In March 2014 Verizon signed a multiyear deal making them the title sponsor of the IndyCar Series, now called the Verizon IndyCar Series.[174]
National Football LeagueEdit
In late 2010, Verizon Communications joined with Vodafone Group in a joint partnership to replace Sprint as the official wireless telecommunications partner of the National Football League.[175] The four-year deal was estimated at $720 million. In June 2013, Verizon announced a four-year extension with the NFL in a deal reportedly valued at $1 billion. The new agreement gave Verizon the right to stream every NFL regular-season and playoff game.[176]
VenuesEdit
Verizon is the title sponsor for a number of sporting and entertainment arena the Verizon Arena in North Little Rock, Arkansas;[177] and the Verizon Center in Mankato, Minnesota.[178] SNHU Arena in Manchester, New Hampshire, was originally known as the Verizon Wireless Arena until September 2016, when Southern New Hampshire University acquired the naming rights for a period of at least 10 years.[179]
Verizon has been the title sponsor of entertainment amphitheaters in locations throughout the United States, including four individually referred to as the "Verizon Wireless Amphitheatre": in Irvine, California;[180] Maryland Heights, Missouri;[181] Selma, Texas;[182] and Alpharetta, Georgia.[183]
Verizon was the former sponsor of the Capital One Arena in Washington, DC;[184]
The main home concert hall of the Philadelphia Orchestra at the Kimmel Center for the Performing Arts is named Verizon Hall.[185]
List of United States telephone companies
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Russia Says Syria Now Controls Most Of Embattled Damascus Suburb
RFE/RL
Syrian and Russian forces have evacuated most remaining rebels from eastern Ghouta and the government now controls 90 percent of the embattled Damascus suburb, Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov has said.
"As of now, the majority of the militants have been evacuated," Lavrov said at press conference in Moscow on March 29 after meeting with UN Syrian envoy Staffan de Mistura.
"Ninety percent of eastern Ghouta is under government forces' control" and "efforts to restore civilian life are underway," he said.
While the offensive since February to retake control of the sprawling Damascus suburb represents Russia's and Syria's biggest win since they regained control of Syria's largest city of Aleppo, it was also one of the bloodiest campaigns of the seven-year civil war.
The United Nations and human rights groups have said more than 1,600 civilians were killed and thousands more faced dire conditions of hunger, homelessness, and a dearth of medical care.
Western nations sought to impose a cease-fire to try to reduce civilian casualties and enable the delivery of humanitarian aid, but a UN Security Council resolution passed on February 24 failed to take hold.
For Russia and Syria, the devastating bombardments denounced by most of the rest of the world produced results.
War monitors have confirmed in recent days that Syrian troops have recaptured more than 90 percent of eastern Ghouta, and through a series of pull-out deals with remaining rebels mediated by Russia, are draining the last pockets of opposition in the area.
Moscow has secured two such evacuation deals already and has been pressing Jaish al-Islam, the rebel faction in control of the last enclave in the town of Douma, to leave as well.
Russia's deputy foreign minister Mikhail Bogdanov said on March 29 that negotiations with Jaish al-Islam, or Army of Islam, were continuing.
"There are working group contacts. They contact us, they write letters, they talk on the phone, we meet," he was quoted as saying by Russia's RIA Novosti news agency.
Army of Islam spokesman Ammar al-Hassan said Syria and Russia are insisting that the group's fighters move north, but they have rejected such demands.
Syrian state television reported that the Syrian government has given the Army of Islam three days to leave or face an "all-out offensive" aimed at clearing the area.
Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu said after the talks in Moscow with de Mistura that rebels attempted to put suicide attackers on buses evacuating residents from Ghouta. But after receiving a tip about the planned attacks, he said the Russian military disarmed the would-be attackers.
"It's easy to imagine what would happen if those suicide attackers blew themselves up on the buses carrying women and children," Shoigu said.
Shoigu said that Russia and Syria have evacuated a total of 130,000 civilians and 11,000 rebels from eastern Ghouta over the past two weeks. Most evacuees have been transported to the northwest province of Idlib, the last remaining rebel stronghold in Syria.
With reporting by AP, AFP, and Interfax
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'A' Is for A-l-i-v-e
"'A' Is for A-l-i-v-e" is the first episode, and the premiere of the fourth season of the American mystery drama television series Pretty Little Liars, and is the 72nd episode overall, which aired on ABC Family on June 11, 2013. [1]
34 relations: Andrea Parker, Aria Montgomery, Church (building), Coroner, Devil, Doll, Drama, E!, Emily Fields, Entertainment Weekly, Halloween, Hanna Marin, Hollywood Life, I. Marlene King, If I Lose Myself, Information, Larisa Oleynik, Mask, Memento (band), Mystery film, Nia Peeples, OneRepublic, Pennsylvania, Police officer, Pretty Little Liars, Pretty Little Liars (season 4), Sean Faris, Showrunner, Spencer Hastings, Television show, The Duke Spirit, Trade, Veil, Wyatt Nash.
Andrea Alexis Parker (born March 8, 1970) is an American film and television actress and former ballet dancer.
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Aria Montgomery
Aria Marie Montgomery is a fictional character in the Pretty Little Liars series created by American author Sara Shepard.
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Church (building)
A church building or church house, often simply called a church, is a building used for Christian religious activities, particularly for worship services.
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A coroner is a person whose standard role is to confirm and certify the death of an individual within a jurisdiction.
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A devil (from Greek: διάβολος diábolos "slanderer, accuser") is the personification and archetype of evil in various cultures.
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A doll is a model of a human being, often used as a toy for children.
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Drama is the specific mode of fiction represented in performance: a play performed in a theatre, or on radio or television.
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E! (originally an initialism of Entertainment Television) is an American basic cable and satellite television channel that is owned by the NBCUniversal Cable Entertainment Group division of NBCUniversal, all owned by Comcast.
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Emily Fields
Emily Catherine Fields is a fictional character created in 2006 by author Sara Shepard.
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Entertainment Weekly (sometimes abbreviated as EW) is an American magazine, published by Meredith Corporation, that covers film, television, music, Broadway theatre, books and popular culture.
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Halloween or Hallowe'en (a contraction of All Hallows' Evening), also known as Allhalloween, All Hallows' Eve, or All Saints' Eve, is a celebration observed in a number of countries on 31 October, the eve of the Western Christian feast of All Hallows' Day.
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Hanna Marin
Hanna Olivia Rivers (née Marin) is a fictional character created by Sara Shepard for the ''Pretty Little Liars'' book series, and later developed for the Freeform television series adaptation by I. Marlene King and portrayed by Ashley Benson.
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'A' is for A-l-i-v-e.
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/'A'_Is_for_A-l-i-v-e
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Gene therapy using an adenovirus vector. In some cases, the adenovirus will insert the new gene into a cell. If the treatment is successful, the new gene will make a functional protein to treat a disease.
In the medicine field gene therapy (also called human gene transfer) is the therapeutic delivery of nucleic acid into a patient's cells as a drug to treat disease.[1][2] The first attempt at modifying human DNA was performed in 1980 by Martin Cline, but the first successful nuclear gene transfer in humans, approved by the National Institutes of Health, was performed in May 1989.[3] The first therapeutic use of gene transfer as well as the first direct insertion of human DNA into the nuclear genome was performed by French Anderson in a trial starting in September 1990.
Between 1989 and February 2016, over 2,300 clinical trials were conducted, with more than half of them in phase I.[4]
Not all medical procedures that introduce alterations to a patient's genetic makeup can be considered gene therapy. Bone marrow transplantation and organ transplants in general have been found to introduce foreign DNA into patients.[5] Gene therapy is defined by the precision of the procedure and the intention of direct therapeutic effect.
2 Cell types
2.1 Somatic
2.2 Germline
3 Vectors
3.1 Viruses
3.2 Non-viral
4 Hurdles
4.1 Deaths
5.1 1970s and earlier
6 Speculative uses
6.1 Gene doping
6.2 Human genetic engineering
7 Regulations
8 Popular culture
Gene therapy was conceptualized in 1972, by authors who urged caution before commencing human gene therapy studies.
The first attempt, an unsuccessful one, at gene therapy (as well as the first case of medical transfer of foreign genes into humans not counting organ transplantation) was performed by Martin Cline on 10 July 1980.[6][7] Cline claimed that one of the genes in his patients was active six months later, though he never published this data or had it verified[8] and even if he is correct, it's unlikely it produced any significant beneficial effects treating beta-thalassemia.
After extensive research on animals throughout the 1980s and a 1989 bacterial gene tagging trial on humans, the first gene therapy widely accepted as a success was demonstrated in a trial that started on 14 September 1990, when Ashi DeSilva was treated for ADA-SCID.[9]
The first somatic treatment that produced a permanent genetic change was initiated in 1993. The goal was to cure malignant brain tumors by using recombinant DNA to transfer a gene making the tumor cells sensitive to a drug that in turn would cause the tumor cells to die.[10]
Gene therapy is a way to fix a genetic problem at its source. The polymers are either translated into proteins, interfere with target gene expression, or possibly correct genetic mutations.
The most common form uses DNA that encodes a functional, therapeutic gene to replace a mutated gene. The polymer molecule is packaged within a "vector", which carries the molecule inside cells.
Early clinical failures led to dismissals of gene therapy. Clinical successes since 2006 regained researchers' attention, although as of 2014[update], it was still largely an experimental technique.[11] These include treatment of retinal diseases Leber's congenital amaurosis[12][13][14][15] and choroideremia,[16] X-linked SCID,[17] ADA-SCID,[18][19] adrenoleukodystrophy,[20] chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL),[21] acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL),[22] multiple myeloma,[23] haemophilia,[19] and Parkinson's disease.[24] Between 2013 and April 2014, US companies invested over $600 million in the field.[25]
The first commercial gene therapy, Gendicine, was approved in China in 2003 for the treatment of certain cancers.[26] In 2011 Neovasculgen was registered in Russia as the first-in-class gene-therapy drug for treatment of peripheral artery disease, including critical limb ischemia.[27] In 2012 Glybera, a treatment for a rare inherited disorder, lipoprotein lipase deficiency became the first treatment to be approved for clinical use in either Europe or the United States after its endorsement by the European Commission.[11][28]
Following early advances in genetic engineering of bacteria, cells, and small animals, scientists started considering how to apply it to medicine. Two main approaches were considered – replacing or disrupting defective genes.[29] Scientists focused on diseases caused by single-gene defects, such as cystic fibrosis, haemophilia, muscular dystrophy, thalassemia, and sickle cell anemia. Glybera treats one such disease, caused by a defect in lipoprotein lipase.[28]
DNA must be administered, reach the damaged cells, enter the cell and either express or disrupt a protein.[30] Multiple delivery techniques have been explored. The initial approach incorporated DNA into an engineered virus to deliver the DNA into a chromosome.[31][32] Naked DNA approaches have also been explored, especially in the context of vaccine development.[33]
Generally, efforts focused on administering a gene that causes a needed protein to be expressed. More recently, increased understanding of nuclease function has led to more direct DNA editing, using techniques such as zinc finger nucleases and CRISPR. The vector incorporates genes into chromosomes. The expressed nucleases then knock out and replace genes in the chromosome. As of 2014[update] these approaches involve removing cells from patients, editing a chromosome and returning the transformed cells to patients.[34]
Gene editing is a potential approach to alter the human genome to treat genetic diseases[35], viral diseases,[36] and cancer.[37] As of 2016[update] these approaches were still years from being medicine.[38][39]
A duplex of crRNA and tracrRNA acts as guide RNA to introduce a specifically located gene modification based on the RNA 5’ upstream of the crRNA. Cas9 binds the tracrRNA and needs a DNA binding sequence (5’NGG3’), which is called protospacer adjacent motif (PAM). After binding, Cas9 introduces a DNA double strand break, which is then followed by gene modification via homologous recombination (HDR) or non-homologous end joining (NHEJ).
Cell types[edit]
Gene therapy may be classified into two types:
Somatic[edit]
In somatic cell gene therapy (SCGT), the therapeutic genes are transferred into any cell other than a gamete, germ cell, gametocyte, or undifferentiated stem cell. Any such modifications affect the individual patient only, and are not inherited by offspring. Somatic gene therapy represents mainstream basic and clinical research, in which therapeutic DNA (either integrated in the genome or as an external episome or plasmid) is used to treat disease.
Over 600 clinical trials utilizing SCGT are underway[when?] in the US. Most focus on severe genetic disorders, including immunodeficiencies, haemophilia, thalassaemia, and cystic fibrosis. Such single gene disorders are good candidates for somatic cell therapy. The complete correction of a genetic disorder or the replacement of multiple genes is not yet possible. Only a few of the trials are in the advanced stages.[40] [needs update]
Germline[edit]
In germline gene therapy (GGT), germ cells (sperm or egg cells) are modified by the introduction of functional genes into their genomes. Modifying a germ cell causes all the organism's cells to contain the modified gene. The change is therefore heritable and passed on to later generations. Australia, Canada, Germany, Israel, Switzerland, and the Netherlands[41] prohibit GGT for application in human beings, for technical and ethical reasons, including insufficient knowledge about possible risks to future generations[41] and higher risks versus SCGT.[42] The US has no federal controls specifically addressing human genetic modification (beyond FDA regulations for therapies in general).[41][43][44][45]
Vectors[edit]
Main article: Vectors in gene therapy
The delivery of DNA into cells can be accomplished by multiple methods. The two major classes are recombinant viruses (sometimes called biological nanoparticles or viral vectors) and naked DNA or DNA complexes (non-viral methods).
Viruses[edit]
Main article: Viral vector
In order to replicate, viruses introduce their genetic material into the host cell, tricking the host's cellular machinery into using it as blueprints for viral proteins. Retroviruses go a stage further by having their genetic material copied into the genome of the host cell. Scientists exploit this by substituting a virus's genetic material with therapeutic DNA. (The term 'DNA' may be an oversimplification, as some viruses contain RNA, and gene therapy could take this form as well.) A number of viruses have been used for human gene therapy, including retroviruses, adenoviruses, herpes simplex, vaccinia, and adeno-associated virus.[4] Like the genetic material (DNA or RNA) in viruses, therapeutic DNA can be designed to simply serve as a temporary blueprint that is degraded naturally or (at least theoretically) to enter the host's genome, becoming a permanent part of the host's DNA in infected cells.
Non-viral[edit]
Non-viral methods present certain advantages over viral methods, such as large scale production and low host immunogenicity. However, non-viral methods initially produced lower levels of transfection and gene expression, and thus lower therapeutic efficacy. Later technology remedied this deficiency.[citation needed]
Methods for non-viral gene therapy include the injection of naked DNA, electroporation, the gene gun, sonoporation, magnetofection, the use of oligonucleotides, lipoplexes, dendrimers, and inorganic nanoparticles.
Hurdles[edit]
Some of the unsolved problems include:
Short-lived nature – Before gene therapy can become a permanent cure for a condition, the therapeutic DNA introduced into target cells must remain functional and the cells containing the therapeutic DNA must be stable. Problems with integrating therapeutic DNA into the genome and the rapidly dividing nature of many cells prevent it from achieving long-term benefits. Patients require multiple treatments.
Immune response – Any time a foreign object is introduced into human tissues, the immune system is stimulated to attack the invader. Stimulating the immune system in a way that reduces gene therapy effectiveness is possible. The immune system's enhanced response to viruses that it has seen before reduces the effectiveness to repeated treatments.
Problems with viral vectors – Viral vectors carry the risks of toxicity, inflammatory responses, and gene control and targeting issues.
Multigene disorders – Some commonly occurring disorders, such as heart disease, high blood pressure, Alzheimer's disease, arthritis, and diabetes, are affected by variations in multiple genes, which complicate gene therapy.
Some therapies may breach the Weismann barrier (between soma and germ-line) protecting the testes, potentially modifying the germline, falling afoul of regulations in countries that prohibit the latter practice.[46]
Insertional mutagenesis – If the DNA is integrated in a sensitive spot in the genome, for example in a tumor suppressor gene, the therapy could induce a tumor. This has occurred in clinical trials for X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (X-SCID) patients, in which hematopoietic stem cells were transduced with a corrective transgene using a retrovirus, and this led to the development of T cell leukemia in 3 of 20 patients.[47][48] One possible solution is to add a functional tumor suppressor gene to the DNA to be integrated. This may be problematic since the longer the DNA is, the harder it is to integrate into cell genomes[49]. CRISPR technology allows researchers to make much more precise genome changes at exact locations.[50]
Cost – Alipogene tiparvovec or Glybera, for example, at a cost of $1.6 million per patient, was reported in 2013 to be the world's most expensive drug.[51][52]
Three patients' deaths have been reported in gene therapy trials, putting the field under close scrutiny. The first was that of Jesse Gelsinger, who died in 1999 because of immune rejection response.[53] One X-SCID patient died of leukemia in 2003.[9] An 18 year old male died of systemic inflammatory response syndrome following adenovirus gene therapy in 2003.[54] In 2007, a rheumatoid arthritis patient died from an infection; the subsequent investigation concluded that the death was not related to gene therapy.[55]
This section may be too long and excessively detailed. Please consider summarizing the material while citing sources as needed. (November 2018)
1970s and earlier[edit]
In 1972 Friedmann and Roblin authored a paper in Science titled "Gene therapy for human genetic disease?"[56] Rogers (1970) was cited for proposing that exogenous good DNA be used to replace the defective DNA in those who suffer from genetic defects.[57]
1980s[edit]
In 1984 a retrovirus vector system was designed that could efficiently insert foreign genes into mammalian chromosomes.[58]
The first approved gene therapy clinical research in the US took place on 14 September 1990, at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), under the direction of William French Anderson.[59] Four-year-old Ashanti DeSilva received treatment for a genetic defect that left her with ADA-SCID, a severe immune system deficiency. The defective gene of the patient's blood cells was replaced by the functional variant. Ashanti’s immune system was partially restored by the therapy. Production of the missing enzyme was temporarily stimulated, but the new cells with functional genes were not generated. She led a normal life only with the regular injections performed every two months. The effects were successful, but temporary.[60]
Cancer gene therapy was introduced in 1992/93 (Trojan et al. 1993).[61] The treatment of glioblastoma multiforme, the malignant brain tumor whose outcome is always fatal, was done using a vector expressing antisense IGF-I RNA (clinical trial approved by NIH protocolno.1602 24 November 1993,[62] and by the FDA in 1994). This therapy also represents the beginning of cancer immunogene therapy, a treatment which proves to be effective due to the anti-tumor mechanism of IGF-I antisense, which is related to strong immune and apoptotic phenomena.
In 1992 Claudio Bordignon, working at the Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, performed the first gene therapy procedure using hematopoietic stem cells as vectors to deliver genes intended to correct hereditary diseases.[63] In 2002 this work led to the publication of the first successful gene therapy treatment for adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA-SCID). The success of a multi-center trial for treating children with SCID (severe combined immune deficiency or "bubble boy" disease) from 2000 and 2002, was questioned when two of the ten children treated at the trial's Paris center developed a leukemia-like condition. Clinical trials were halted temporarily in 2002, but resumed after regulatory review of the protocol in the US, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, and Germany.[64]
In 1993 Andrew Gobea was born with SCID following prenatal genetic screening. Blood was removed from his mother's placenta and umbilical cord immediately after birth, to acquire stem cells. The allele that codes for adenosine deaminase (ADA) was obtained and inserted into a retrovirus. Retroviruses and stem cells were mixed, after which the viruses inserted the gene into the stem cell chromosomes. Stem cells containing the working ADA gene were injected into Andrew's blood. Injections of the ADA enzyme were also given weekly. For four years T cells (white blood cells), produced by stem cells, made ADA enzymes using the ADA gene. After four years more treatment was needed.[65]
Jesse Gelsinger's death in 1999 impeded gene therapy research in the US.[66][67] As a result, the FDA suspended several clinical trials pending the reevaluation of ethical and procedural practices.[68]
The modified cancer gene therapy strategy of antisense IGF-I RNA (NIH n˚ 1602)[62] using antisense / triple helix anti-IGF-I approach was registered in 2002 by Wiley gene therapy clinical trial - n˚ 635 and 636. The approach has shown promising results in the treatment of six different malignant tumors: glioblastoma, cancers of liver, colon, prostate, uterus, and ovary (Collaborative NATO Science Programme on Gene Therapy USA, France, Poland n˚ LST 980517 conducted by J. Trojan) (Trojan et al., 2012). This anti-gene antisense/triple helix therapy has proven to be efficient, due to the mechanism stopping simultaneously IGF-I expression on translation and transcription levels, strengthening anti-tumor immune and apoptotic phenomena.
Sickle-cell disease can be treated in mice.[69] The mice – which have essentially the same defect that causes human cases – used a viral vector to induce production of fetal hemoglobin (HbF), which normally ceases to be produced shortly after birth. In humans, the use of hydroxyurea to stimulate the production of HbF temporarily alleviates sickle cell symptoms. The researchers demonstrated this treatment to be a more permanent means to increase therapeutic HbF production.[70]
A new gene therapy approach repaired errors in messenger RNA derived from defective genes. This technique has the potential to treat thalassaemia, cystic fibrosis and some cancers.[71]
Researchers created liposomes 25 nanometers across that can carry therapeutic DNA through pores in the nuclear membrane.[72]
In 2003 a research team inserted genes into the brain for the first time. They used liposomes coated in a polymer called polyethylene glycol, which unlike viral vectors, are small enough to cross the blood–brain barrier.[73]
Short pieces of double-stranded RNA (short, interfering RNAs or siRNAs) are used by cells to degrade RNA of a particular sequence. If a siRNA is designed to match the RNA copied from a faulty gene, then the abnormal protein product of that gene will not be produced.[74]
Gendicine is a cancer gene therapy that delivers the tumor suppressor gene p53 using an engineered adenovirus. In 2003, it was approved in China for the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.[26]
In March researchers announced the successful use of gene therapy to treat two adult patients for X-linked chronic granulomatous disease, a disease which affects myeloid cells and damages the immune system. The study is the first to show that gene therapy can treat the myeloid system.[75]
In May a team reported a way to prevent the immune system from rejecting a newly delivered gene.[76] Similar to organ transplantation, gene therapy has been plagued by this problem. The immune system normally recognizes the new gene as foreign and rejects the cells carrying it. The research utilized a newly uncovered network of genes regulated by molecules known as microRNAs. This natural function selectively obscured their therapeutic gene in immune system cells and protected it from discovery. Mice infected with the gene containing an immune-cell microRNA target sequence did not reject the gene.
In August scientists successfully treated metastatic melanoma in two patients using killer T cells genetically retargeted to attack the cancer cells.[77]
In November researchers reported on the use of VRX496, a gene-based immunotherapy for the treatment of HIV that uses a lentiviral vector to deliver an antisense gene against the HIV envelope. In a phase I clinical trial, five subjects with chronic HIV infection who had failed to respond to at least two antiretroviral regimens were treated. A single intravenous infusion of autologous CD4 T cells genetically modified with VRX496 was well tolerated. All patients had stable or decreased viral load; four of the five patients had stable or increased CD4 T cell counts. All five patients had stable or increased immune response to HIV antigens and other pathogens. This was the first evaluation of a lentiviral vector administered in a US human clinical trial.[78][79]
In May researchers announced the first gene therapy trial for inherited retinal disease. The first operation was carried out on a 23-year-old British male, Robert Johnson, in early 2007.[80]
Main article: Gene therapy of the human retina
Leber's congenital amaurosis is an inherited blinding disease caused by mutations in the RPE65 gene. The results of a small clinical trial in children were published in April.[12] Delivery of recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) carrying RPE65 yielded positive results. In May two more groups reported positive results in independent clinical trials using gene therapy to treat the condition. In all three clinical trials, patients recovered functional vision without apparent side-effects.[12][13][14][15]
In September researchers were able to give trichromatic vision to squirrel monkeys.[81] In November 2009, researchers halted a fatal genetic disorder called adrenoleukodystrophy in two children using a lentivirus vector to deliver a functioning version of ABCD1, the gene that is mutated in the disorder.[82]
An April paper reported that gene therapy addressed achromatopsia (color blindness) in dogs by targeting cone photoreceptors. Cone function and day vision were restored for at least 33 months in two young specimens. The therapy was less efficient for older dogs.[83]
In September it was announced that an 18-year-old male patient in France with beta-thalassemia major had been successfully treated.[84] Beta-thalassemia major is an inherited blood disease in which beta haemoglobin is missing and patients are dependent on regular lifelong blood transfusions.[85] The technique used a lentiviral vector to transduce the human ß-globin gene into purified blood and marrow cells obtained from the patient in June 2007.[86] The patient's haemoglobin levels were stable at 9 to 10 g/dL. About a third of the hemoglobin contained the form introduced by the viral vector and blood transfusions were not needed.[86][87] Further clinical trials were planned.[88] Bone marrow transplants are the only cure for thalassemia, but 75% of patients do not find a matching donor.[87]
Cancer immunogene therapy using modified antigene, antisense/triple helix approach was introduced in South America in 2010/11 in La Sabana University, Bogota (Ethical Committee 14 December 2010, no P-004-10). Considering the ethical aspect of gene diagnostic and gene therapy targeting IGF-I, the IGF-I expressing tumors i.e. lung and epidermis cancers were treated (Trojan et al. 2016).[89][90]
In 2007 and 2008, a man (Timothy Ray Brown) was cured of HIV by repeated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (see also allogeneic stem cell transplantation, allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, allotransplantation) with double-delta-32 mutation which disables the CCR5 receptor. This cure was accepted by the medical community in 2011.[91] It required complete ablation of existing bone marrow, which is very debilitating.
In August two of three subjects of a pilot study were confirmed to have been cured from chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The therapy used genetically modified T cells to attack cells that expressed the CD19 protein to fight the disease.[21] In 2013, the researchers announced that 26 of 59 patients had achieved complete remission and the original patient had remained tumor-free.[92]
Human HGF plasmid DNA therapy of cardiomyocytes is being examined as a potential treatment for coronary artery disease as well as treatment for the damage that occurs to the heart after myocardial infarction.[93][94]
In 2011 Neovasculgen was registered in Russia as the first-in-class gene-therapy drug for treatment of peripheral artery disease, including critical limb ischemia; it delivers the gene encoding for VEGF.[95][27] Neovasculogen is a plasmid encoding the CMV promoter and the 165 amino acid form of VEGF.[96][97]
The FDA approved Phase 1 clinical trials on thalassemia major patients in the US for 10 participants in July.[98] The study was expected to continue until 2015.[88]
In July 2012, the European Medicines Agency recommended approval of a gene therapy treatment for the first time in either Europe or the United States. The treatment used Alipogene tiparvovec (Glybera) to compensate for lipoprotein lipase deficiency, which can cause severe pancreatitis.[99] The recommendation was endorsed by the European Commission in November 2012[11][28][100][101] and commercial rollout began in late 2014.[102] Alipogene tiparvovec was expected to cost around $1.6 million per treatment in 2012,[103] revised to $1 million in 2015,[104] making it the most expensive medicine in the world at the time.[105] As of 2016[update], only the patients treated in clinical trials and a patient who paid the full price for treatment have received the drug.[106]
In December 2012, it was reported that 10 of 13 patients with multiple myeloma were in remission "or very close to it" three months after being injected with a treatment involving genetically engineered T cells to target proteins NY-ESO-1 and LAGE-1, which exist only on cancerous myeloma cells.[23]
In March researchers reported that three of five adult subjects who had acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) had been in remission for five months to two years after being treated with genetically modified T cells which attacked cells with CD19 genes on their surface, i.e. all B-cells, cancerous or not. The researchers believed that the patients' immune systems would make normal T-cells and B-cells after a couple of months. They were also given bone marrow. One patient relapsed and died and one died of a blood clot unrelated to the disease.[22]
Following encouraging Phase 1 trials, in April, researchers announced they were starting Phase 2 clinical trials (called CUPID2 and SERCA-LVAD) on 250 patients[107] at several hospitals to combat heart disease. The therapy was designed to increase the levels of SERCA2, a protein in heart muscles, improving muscle function.[108] The FDA granted this a Breakthrough Therapy Designation to accelerate the trial and approval process.[109] In 2016 it was reported that no improvement was found from the CUPID 2 trial.[110]
In July researchers reported promising results for six children with two severe hereditary diseases had been treated with a partially deactivated lentivirus to replace a faulty gene and after 7–32 months. Three of the children had metachromatic leukodystrophy, which causes children to lose cognitive and motor skills.[111] The other children had Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, which leaves them to open to infection, autoimmune diseases, and cancer.[112] Follow up trials with gene therapy on another six children with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome were also reported as promising.[113][114]
In October researchers reported that two children born with adenosine deaminase severe combined immunodeficiency disease (ADA-SCID) had been treated with genetically engineered stem cells 18 months previously and that their immune systems were showing signs of full recovery. Another three children were making progress.[19] In 2014 a further 18 children with ADA-SCID were cured by gene therapy.[115] ADA-SCID children have no functioning immune system and are sometimes known as "bubble children."[19]
Also in October researchers reported that they had treated six hemophilia sufferers in early 2011 using an adeno-associated virus. Over two years later all six were producing clotting factor.[19][116]
In January researchers reported that six choroideremia patients had been treated with adeno-associated virus with a copy of REP1. Over a six-month to two-year period all had improved their sight.[117][118] By 2016, 32 patients had been treated with positive results and researchers were hopeful the treatment would be long-lasting.[16] Choroideremia is an inherited genetic eye disease with no approved treatment, leading to loss of sight.
In March researchers reported that 12 HIV patients had been treated since 2009 in a trial with a genetically engineered virus with a rare mutation (CCR5 deficiency) known to protect against HIV with promising results.[119][120]
Clinical trials of gene therapy for sickle cell disease were started in 2014.[121][122] There is a need for high quality randomised controlled trials assessing the risks and benefits involved with gene therapy for people with sickle cell disease.[123][needs update]
In February LentiGlobin BB305, a gene therapy treatment undergoing clinical trials for treatment of beta thalassemia gained FDA "breakthrough" status after several patients were able to forgo the frequent blood transfusions usually required to treat the disease.[124]
In March researchers delivered a recombinant gene encoding a broadly neutralizing antibody into monkeys infected with simian HIV; the monkeys' cells produced the antibody, which cleared them of HIV. The technique is named immunoprophylaxis by gene transfer (IGT). Animal tests for antibodies to ebola, malaria, influenza, and hepatitis were underway.[125][126]
In March, scientists, including an inventor of CRISPR, Jennifer Doudna, urged a worldwide moratorium on germline gene therapy, writing "scientists should avoid even attempting, in lax jurisdictions, germline genome modification for clinical application in humans" until the full implications "are discussed among scientific and governmental organizations".[127][128][129][130]
In October, researchers announced that they had treated a baby girl, Layla Richards, with an experimental treatment using donor T-cells genetically engineered using TALEN to attack cancer cells. One year after the treatment she was still free of her cancer (a highly aggressive form of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia [ALL]).[131] Children with highly aggressive ALL normally have a very poor prognosis and Layla's disease had been regarded as terminal before the treatment.[132]
In December, scientists of major world academies called for a moratorium on inheritable human genome edits, including those related to CRISPR-Cas9 technologies[133] but that basic research including embryo gene editing should continue.[134]
In April the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use of the European Medicines Agency endorsed a gene therapy treatment called Strimvelis[135][136] and the European Commission approved it in June.[137] This treats children born with adenosine deaminase deficiency and who have no functioning immune system. This was the second gene therapy treatment to be approved in Europe.[138]
In October, Chinese scientists reported they had started a trial to genetically modify T-cells from 10 adult patients with lung cancer and reinject the modified T-cells back into their bodies to attack the cancer cells. The T-cells had the PD-1 protein (which stops or slows the immune response) removed using CRISPR-Cas9.[139][140]
A 2016 Cochrane systematic review looking at data from four trials on topical cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene therapy does not support its clinical use as a mist inhaled into the lungs to treat cystic fibrosis patients with lung infections. One of the four trials did find weak evidence that liposome-based CFTR gene transfer therapy may lead to a small respiratory improvement for people with CF. This weak evidence is not enough to make a clinical recommendation for routine CFTR gene therapy.[141]
In February Kite Pharma announced results from a clinical trial of CAR-T cells in around a hundred people with advanced Non-Hodgkin lymphoma.[142]
In March, French scientists reported on clinical research of gene therapy to treat sickle-cell disease.[143]
In August, the FDA approved tisagenlecleucel for acute lymphoblastic leukemia.[144] Tisagenlecleucel is an adoptive cell transfer therapy for B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia; T cells from a person with cancer are removed, genetically engineered to make a specific T-cell receptor (a chimeric T cell receptor, or "CAR-T") that reacts to the cancer, and are administered back to the person. The T cells are engineered to target a protein called CD19 that is common on B cells. This is the first form of gene therapy to be approved in the United States. In October, a similar therapy called axicabtagene ciloleucel was approved for non-Hodgkin lymphoma.[145]
In December the results of using an adeno-associated virus with blood clotting factor VIII to treat nine haemophilia A patients were published. Six of the seven patients on the high dose regime increased the level of the blood clotting VIII to normal levels. The low and medium dose regimes had no effect on the patient's blood clotting levels.[146][147]
In December, the FDA approved Luxturna, the first in vivo gene therapy, for the treatment of blindness due to Leber's congenital amaurosis.[148] The price of this treatment was 850,000 US dollars for both eyes.[149][150]
In February, medical scientists working with Sangamo Therapeutics, headquartered in Richmond, California, announced the first ever "in body" human gene editing therapy to permanently alter DNA - in a patient with Hunter Syndrome.[151] Clinical trials by Sangamo involving gene editing using Zinc Finger Nuclease (ZFN) are ongoing.[152]
In May, the FDA approved Zolgensma for treating spinal muscular atrophy in children under 2 years. The list price of Zolgensma was set at $2.125 million per dose, making it the most expensive drug ever.[153]
In June, the EMA approved Zynteglo for treating beta thalassemia for patients 12 years or older.[154]
Speculative uses[edit]
Speculated uses for gene therapy include:
Gene doping[edit]
Main article: Gene doping
Athletes might adopt gene therapy technologies to improve their performance.[155] Gene doping is not known to occur, but multiple gene therapies may have such effects. Kayser et al. argue that gene doping could level the playing field if all athletes receive equal access. Critics claim that any therapeutic intervention for non-therapeutic/enhancement purposes compromises the ethical foundations of medicine and sports.[156]
Human genetic engineering[edit]
See also: Human germline engineering and Assisted reproductive technology
Genetic engineering could be used to cure diseases, but also to change physical appearance, metabolism, and even improve physical capabilities and mental faculties such as memory and intelligence. Ethical claims about germline engineering include beliefs that every fetus has a right to remain genetically unmodified, that parents hold the right to genetically modify their offspring, and that every child has the right to be born free of preventable diseases.[157][158][159] For parents, genetic engineering could be seen as another child enhancement technique to add to diet, exercise, education, training, cosmetics, and plastic surgery.[160][161] Another theorist claims that moral concerns limit but do not prohibit germline engineering.[162]
Possible regulatory schemes include a complete ban, provision to everyone, or professional self-regulation. The American Medical Association’s Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs stated that "genetic interventions to enhance traits should be considered permissible only in severely restricted situations: (1) clear and meaningful benefits to the fetus or child; (2) no trade-off with other characteristics or traits; and (3) equal access to the genetic technology, irrespective of income or other socioeconomic characteristics."[163]
As early in the history of biotechnology as 1990, there have been scientists opposed to attempts to modify the human germline using these new tools,[164] and such concerns have continued as technology progressed.[165][166] With the advent of new techniques like CRISPR, in March 2015 a group of scientists urged a worldwide moratorium on clinical use of gene editing technologies to edit the human genome in a way that can be inherited.[127][128][129][130] In April 2015, researchers sparked controversy when they reported results of basic research to edit the DNA of non-viable human embryos using CRISPR.[167][168] A committee of the American National Academy of Sciences and National Academy of Medicine gave qualified support to human genome editing in 2017[169][170] once answers have been found to safety and efficiency problems "but only for serious conditions under stringent oversight."[171]
Regulations[edit]
Regulations covering genetic modification are part of general guidelines about human-involved biomedical research. There are no international treaties which are legally binding in this area, but there are recommendations for national laws from various bodies.
The Helsinki Declaration (Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects) was amended by the World Medical Association's General Assembly in 2008. This document provides principles physicians and researchers must consider when involving humans as research subjects. The Statement on Gene Therapy Research initiated by the Human Genome Organization (HUGO) in 2001 provides a legal baseline for all countries. HUGO’s document emphasizes human freedom and adherence to human rights, and offers recommendations for somatic gene therapy, including the importance of recognizing public concerns about such research.[172]
No federal legislation lays out protocols or restrictions about human genetic engineering. This subject is governed by overlapping regulations from local and federal agencies, including the Department of Health and Human Services, the FDA and NIH's Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee. Researchers seeking federal funds for an investigational new drug application, (commonly the case for somatic human genetic engineering,) must obey international and federal guidelines for the protection of human subjects.[173]
NIH serves as the main gene therapy regulator for federally funded research. Privately funded research is advised to follow these regulations. NIH provides funding for research that develops or enhances genetic engineering techniques and to evaluate the ethics and quality in current research. The NIH maintains a mandatory registry of human genetic engineering research protocols that includes all federally funded projects.
An NIH advisory committee published a set of guidelines on gene manipulation.[174] The guidelines discuss lab safety as well as human test subjects and various experimental types that involve genetic changes. Several sections specifically pertain to human genetic engineering, including Section III-C-1. This section describes required review processes and other aspects when seeking approval to begin clinical research involving genetic transfer into a human patient.[175] The protocol for a gene therapy clinical trial must be approved by the NIH's Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee prior to any clinical trial beginning; this is different from any other kind of clinical trial.[174]
As with other kinds of drugs, the FDA regulates the quality and safety of gene therapy products and supervises how these products are used clinically. Therapeutic alteration of the human genome falls under the same regulatory requirements as any other medical treatment. Research involving human subjects, such as clinical trials, must be reviewed and approved by the FDA and an Institutional Review Board.[176][177]
Popular culture[edit]
Gene therapy is the basis for the plotline of the film I Am Legend[178] and the TV show Will Gene Therapy Change the Human Race?.[179] In 1994, gene therapy was a plot element in "The Erlenmeyer Flask", the first season finale of The X-Files; it is also used in Stargate as a means of allowing humans to use Ancient technology.[180][181]
Antisense therapy
DNA‐Templated Organic Synthesis
Epigenome editing
Gene therapy for color blindness
Gene therapy for epilepsy
Gene therapy for osteoarthritis
Gene therapy in Parkinson's disease
Synthetic lethality
Synthetic rescue
Therapeutic gene modulation
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Retrieved from "http://en.wikipediam.org/w/index.php?title=Gene_therapy&oldid=906588311"
Gene delivery
1989 in biotechnology
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Wikipedia articles in need of updating from November 2018
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FinanceMost Powerful Women
Why the Fearless Girl Statue’s Controversial ‘SHE’ Plaque Was Removed
Jen Wieczner
The controversy over the “Fearless Girl” statue, which has defiantly faced Wall Street’s iconic “Charging Bull” since International Women’s Day last month, got new life this weekend when a viral blog post sparked new backlash against the feminist artwork. Yet much of that anger may be misplaced.
While the anti-Fearless Girl movement had largely centered around questionable copyright claims by the bull’s sculptor, blogger Greg Fallis drew attention to another aspect of the female statue that created even more outrage: the plaque initially installed at the Fearless Girl’s feet, reading “Know the power of women in leadership. SHE makes a difference.”
The plaque’s reference to “SHE” doubled as a subtle plug for an investment product offered by State Street Global Advisors, the firm that commissioned the Fearless Girl statue. The SSGA Gender Diversity Index is also an exchange-traded fund (ETF) that trades under the ticker symbol “SHE.”
Fallis, a writer and photographer, wrote that he agreed with part of the argument by Charging Bull sculptor Arturo Di Modica, who has called the Fearless Girl “an advertising trick.” “She’s an example of how commercialization can take something important and meaningful—something about which everybody should agree —and shit all over it by turning it into a commodity,” Fallis wrote. “Fearless Girl is beautiful, but she is selling SHE; that’s why she’s there.”
His post spurred a flurry of calls on social media to get rid of the ETF plaque, if not the statue itself. What the backlash failed to notice, however, was that it was already long gone: State Street (STT) had the plaque removed more than two weeks ago.
Pry up the plaque at Fearless Girl's feet and recycle it.
— Jesse Mullan (@jmullan) April 17, 2017
A spokesperson for State Street confirmed to Fortune that the plaque was removed on the night of Sunday, April 2, the same date the Fearless Girl statue’s permit was set to expire.
And its decision to pull up the plaque had nothing to do with the controversy or Di Modica’s claims, the investment firm says. Rather, the switch took place after the Fearless Girl was inducted into the New York City Department of Transportation’s public art project, allowing it to stay with the bull through next February.
Instead, a new plaque was installed April 12 on a signpost off to the side of the statue, which makes no mention of the ETF, saying:
Fearless Girl was placed in New York City’s Financial District, in honor of International Women’s Day 2017, to celebrate the importance of having greater gender diversity in corporate boards and in company leadership positions. She also stands as an inspiration for the next generation of women leaders”—presented by the New York City Department of Transportation Art Program and State Street Global Advisors
The replacement plaque is far enough away from the statue that it was completely obscured by the throng of tourists taking photos with the bull and Fearless Girl when Fortune looked it for it Monday.
Meanwhile, the SSGA Gender Diversity Index, which is designed to include stocks of companies with female leaders in their top ranks—its largest holdings are Pfizer (PFE), PepsiCo (PEP) and (AMGN)—continues to attract new investors. The SHE ETF (which is listed on the NYSE ARCA exchange, not the Nasdaq, as Fallis said in his post) has received $3.2 million in new inflows since March alone, half of its total inflows in 2017 so far. The fund currently has about $286 million in overall assets.
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FinanceBanks
Investment Banks Are Pressing ‘Play’ on Podcasts
Rey Mashayekhi
Perhaps you’ve already devoured all three seasons of “Serial,” subscribe to “WTF with Marc Maron,” and have The New York Times‘ “The Daily” on heavy rotation—what’s next on your podcast playlist?
Well, if you have any penchant for matters of business, finance, and economics, the big banks are hoping it’s “Top of Mind at Goldman Sachs,” or for those that prefer a more debate-oriented discussion on their morning commute, Barclays’ “The Flip Side.”
Fifteen years after the term “podcast” first entered the popular lexicon—supposedly via an article in The Guardian that examined the then-fledgling realm of “online radio”—the podcasting revolution is indisputably in full force. With an estimated 700,000 podcasts now in production and more than 60 million Americans said to be weekly podcast listeners, the booming medium has established itself as a ubiquitous presence in contemporary culture.
Now, amid this booming audio landscape, Wall Street is getting in on the game.
Virtually every major investment bank—including Goldman Sachs, JPMorgan Chase, Morgan Stanley, Barclays, UBS, and Deutsche Bank—now has at least one podcast of its own. These programs are usually launched with branding and marketing goals in mind, and are also often used to deliver banks’ research and market commentary on a wider scale and in a more engaging format.
“Podcast listeners tend to be an intellectually curious audience, and that makes sense for our brand,” according to Liz Bowyer, Goldman Sachs’ co-head of brand and content strategy. Having launched an array of multimedia programming in recent years—including its first podcast series, “Exchanges at Goldman Sachs,” in 2014—the investment bank premiered its second-ever podcast, “Top of Mind at Goldman Sachs,” in April.
The monthly show is hosted by Allison Nathan, a managing director and senior strategist at the investment bank, and is derived from Nathan’s popular “Top of Mind” research note. The podcast deploys a format similar to the written report—featuring Nathan’s insights into a particular macroeconomic topic as well as interviews with executives, academics and public officials—and covers the same subject as that month’s note.
Last month’s debut episode focused on the en vogue subject of corporate stock buybacks. The second episode, released in early May, spotlights this month’s European Parliament elections and includes interviews with the likes of Mark Leonard, the director of the European Council on Foreign Relations.
“We have the power to reach out to influential voices outside the firm, whether that’s academics or institutional investors, and bring those voices together in a digestible format,” says Nathan, a podcasting rookie who had no previous experience in the medium. “When you listen to [the podcast], you hear the personalities and you hear their conviction.”
Bowyer notes that the report’s “macro” focus lends itself to “a much broader audience of anyone who’s interested in the big trends shaping the global economy.” That persuaded Goldman to not only make the podcast available to the wider public (it’s available on Spotify and Apple Podcasts, as well as the firm’s website) but also the “Top of Mind” report itself, which is no longer behind a paywall accessible only to the bank’s clients. That’s not to say Goldman is giving away the golden goose; Nathan points out that “the vast majority of our research is still behind the paywall.”
Sounding Out the Competition
Other Wall Street banks have taken a similar approach, using publicly available podcasts to deliver research and commentary in a more accessible format available and to a wider audience. Yet the format and structure of these shows varies on a case-by-case basis—ranging from quick-hit breakdowns of key current issues, to more in-depth programs featuring a multitude of voices.
JPMorgan Chase, for instance, has launched a trio of podcasts in recent years (Market Insights with David Kelly; Eye on the Market with Michael Cembalest; and My Next Move with Michael Liersch), each hosted by an executive at the bank who provides their take on pertinent economic and financial topics in an easily digestible runtime of less than 10 minutes.
Likewise, UBS’s “Morning Audio Comment” show also keeps it short and sweet, generally at no longer than four or five minutes. The program is hosted by Paul Donovan, global chief economist at the bank’s wealth management division, and accompanies Donovan’s daily newsletter on the market-moving issues of the day. (UBS also produces two other shows, “On-Air” and “Top of the Morning,” that regularly recap developments in the world of business and finance.)
Donovan—who notes that he’s been doing what’s now known as a podcast, in one form or another, for “20 years or so” at UBS—says he’s found that his 20,000 newsletter subscribers “remember things from the podcast far better than they do from the emails.” In that respect, he’s embraced the medium as a more effective way to impart information on the sorts of complex, nuanced topics usually found in banks’ research notes. “I’m a firm believer that anyone can understand economics if its properly explained—it’s just that economists do a bad job of explaining,” Donovan adds.
Elsewhere across the industry, there’s Deutsche Bank’s “Podzept” series, which also deploys a research-oriented focus in its weekly breakdowns of economic topics delivered by the bank’s analysts. Morgan Stanley has pursued a more adventurous, narrative-driven strategy via “Ideas,” which in its current fourth season has explored subjects including Sweden’s cashless economy and the development of compostable “bioplastics.” And Citigroup—which has traditionally kept its podcast offerings in-house and available only to clients—is now teaming with outside publications on projects like “Treasury & Turbulence,” which launched last year in conjunction with business magazine Euromoney, and “Global Translations,” a new Politico podcast that premiers in June.
Experiment and Evolve
Barclays has embraced a slightly more experimental format in launching its latest podcast, “The Flip Side.” The show, which debut last July, embraces a debate-like structure in which regular host Jeff Meli, the investment bank’s global head of research, squares off against another economist at the firm—with each taking a particular side on hot-button issues ranging from corporate tax cuts to the state of “big tech.”
Meli says the idea for “The Flip Side” originated during an off-site session in which Barclays economists held an “interactive,” back-and-forth debate about the state of the economy—a departure from the usual format of “a speech [featuring] someone standing up there with slides.”
“We realized that the typical audience for research pieces normally just see the answers that we come up with; they don’t see the internal debate that happens to arrive at that answer,” Meli tells Fortune. “With some of the most nuanced questions, there are alternative viewpoints that can be as valid and worth considering.”
In pursuing a new podcast, the Barclays team realized that the debate format would lend itself to more compelling content that would differentiate itself from much of the competition. “One person interviewing another person about what was going on seemed overdone,” says Kimberlee Mertz, head of brand and marketing at the investment bank.
Like “Top of Mind” and other shows, “The Flip Side” is a testament to the fact that “marketing as a whole has moved into a more content-driven play,” Mertz notes—with banks now exploring different, more interactive ways to engage with clients and raise brand awareness. “Along with other banks, we’re trying to compete for mindshare with our clients, and we have to experiment and evolve,” Meli says.
As such, it’s likely that banks will continue to experiment with the podcasting medium in new and different ways. Kathy Awanis, JPMorgan Chase’s global head of digital and distribution solutions, says the bank is already thinking about ways in which listeners can interact with its research podcasts using voice-driven artificial intelligence—which could conceivably respond to and answer listeners’ specific questions via virtual assistant technology like Amazon Alexa and Google Assistant.
“When a podcast allows the user to stop halfway and ask a question, that’s when it starts becoming conversational,” Awanis says. She notes that while the implementation of a “conversational user interface” is still around five-to-10 years away, such technology is the logical next step in parlaying audio to suit banks’ research and marketing purposes.
“I think that more and more, people want to hear research with clarity, color, and conviction,” Awanis adds. “They want a choice; some people like to read, others like to listen.”
—The winners and losers in a $1 trillion buyback year
—Too many companies are paying too much for stock buybacks
—This year’s tech IPOs are raising $2.2 billion on average
—How to invest during a trade war
Don’t miss the daily Term Sheet, Fortune‘s newsletter on deals and dealmakers.
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InternationalPrivacy
Facebook’s Legal Outlook in the EU Is Looking Increasingly Shaky—Thanks to One Lawyer’s Efforts
Austrian privacy activist Max Schrems in Vienna, Austria on April 3, 2017. Matthias Röder—picture alliance via Getty Image
Facebook legal woes in Europe over the years have largely been due to the activism of one man: Max Schrems. And in the last couple of weeks, the Austrian lawyer has scored a couple more significant victories, convincing the supreme courts of both Austria and Ireland not to block his cases against the social network.
If the cases play out as Schrems hopes they will, Facebook’s business model in Europe could be torn apart—and thousands of other American companies could be caught in the crossfire.
Schrems’s latest win came Wednesday, when the Austrian Supreme Court rejected Facebook’s attempt to block his privacy case against it. Schrems claims Facebook’s privacy policies are invalid under EU privacy law, and that it doesn’t get valid consent from users for the processing of their personal information. And now he gets to sue the company over the issue, in his native country.
‘Illegal’ policies
Schrems says Facebook’s policies are illegal because it forces people to consent to Facebook’s processing of their data, if they want to use the service. The EU’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) does not allow forced consent as a valid legal basis for data-processing.
Facebook initially convinced the Vienna Regional Court that the company could only be sued in Ireland, where its European headquarters are, but the Vienna Appellate Court and now the Austrian Supreme Court said anyone can sue Facebook for GDPR violations, wherever they are in the EU.
“I am very pleased that we were able to clarify this fundamental issue. We are now hoping for a speedy procedure now that the case has been pending for a good five years,” Schrems said in a statement.
Indeed, this case has been rolling on since 2014. Schrems originally tried to make it a class-action suit—a novelty in Europe—but he lost that part of the battle last year, so what’s happening now is purely Schrems vs. Facebook. It’s still an important case, though, as it will establish whether or not Facebook’s policies are legal under European law.
“If we win even part of the case, Facebook would have to adapt its business model considerably,” said Schrems.
Facebook declined to comment on the Austrian Supreme Court ruling.
Surveillance fears
Schrems’s other big win came at the end of May, when the Irish Supreme Court threw out Facebook’s attempt to block Ireland from referring another Schrems case to the EU’s highest court, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU.)
This case could have an even bigger impact than the Austrian case, because it could shred the ability of any U.S. company to import and process Europeans’ personal data. That doesn’t just mean big tech companies—it also means companies who have employees in Europe and need to handle their information for corporate reasons.
To understand the Irish case, it’s worth rewinding to Schrems’s most seismic (thus far) victory against Facebook, almost four years ago—the CJEU’s striking down of Safe Harbor, a key data-sharing agreement between the EU and the U.S.
Normally, the EU only allows Europeans’ personal data to be exported to another country if that other country has privacy laws that are as strong as the EU’s laws are. The U.S. does not qualify on that front, but most of the big tech firms are American, so the European Commission had come up with the Safe Harbor agreement as a way to keep data flowing legally across the Atlantic. The deal allowed companies to self-certify that, even if the U.S. didn’t have strong-enough privacy laws, those companies would stick to EU standards regarding how they treat Europeans’ data.
Except, as the CJEU ruled, the deal was fatally flawed—the U.S. government could at any time force American companies to turn over all their foreign users’ data to intelligence agencies. So in 2015 the court scrapped Safe Harbor, forcing the Commission and the U.S. to scramble to come up with a replacement.
That replacement was a very similar deal called Privacy Shield. And Schrems’s latest Irish case could sink it, along with another more complicated legal mechanism—”standard contractual clauses”—that companies such as Facebook rely on to send data from the EU to the U.S.
Again, the issue is whether Europeans’ data can be sufficiently protected under American surveillance laws, and whether Europeans have the ability to complain if they think their EU privacy rights have been violated in the U.S.
The Privacy Shield deal involved the U.S. promising to keep more of an eye on companies that sign up to the Privacy Shield register, and to limit how much the American authorities can access Europeans’ data. The question now is whether the U.S. is living up to those promises.
The CJEU will hold hearings in the case in the coming months.
—How your privacy will be protected in the 2020 Census
—Does the SEC’s ICO lawsuit against Kik go too far?
—Microsoft removes face recognition photos amid privacy controversy
—Brainstorm Finance is almost here. Join us on the beach this month
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Documents filtered by: Period="Adams Presidency" AND Correspondent="Adams, Charles"
Charles Adams to John Quincy Adams, 8 June 1797
Charles Adams to John Quincy Adams
New York June 8th 1797.
My dear Brother
The present period is more interesting to this Country than any since the adoption of The Federal Constitution The House of Representatives after a three weeks debate on their answer to The Speech of The President have at length entered on Serious business. The fortifying our Ports and harbours. Finishing and equipping our Frigates Purchasing some large Merchantmen to be converted into Sloops of War, raising additional troops, and permitting our Merchants to arm their Ships are among the objects which will occupy their attention.1 Upon these questions from what I learn there will be a majority of about sixteen in favor of most or all of them. That the sentiments of people in general are very much altered you may well suppose but yet there are some few who justify The French in every act however atrocious. Your friend Ben Bache abuses you at a great rate in his paper You have it seems told some disagreable facts respecting our allies which do not suit his pallet.2 Mr Edward Livingston too the worthy representative from this City in one of his three hour speeches says your communications are about on a par with the speech of Barras to Monroe.3
Your appointment To Berlin was carried in Senate 17 to 12 The cause of opposition I imagine was an objection to renew our Treaty with Prussia. but of this I am not certain.4
The distresses of our Merchants through the plunder of the French are truly alarming; Their groans and curses are echoed from Georgia to New Hampshire.
You will before this reaches you have heard of the deaths of our aged Grandmother, and our Cousin Mary Smith. The rest of our family are well.
As I know not where to direct to you I shall cover this to Mr Johnson at London.
Your affectionate brother
Charles Adams.
RC (Adams Papers).
1. On 5 June William Loughton Smith presented ten resolutions to the House regarding defensive measures. In addition to those mentioned by CA, the resolutions included empowering the president to employ U.S. naval forces as convoys to protect trade; authorizing the president to borrow money to defray expenses arising from national defense and security; providing the means to raise a revenue adequate to reimburse the borrowed funds; and prohibiting the exportation of arms, ammunition, and naval stores. Congress eventually passed several bills on these measures, including preventing the export of arms and ammunition and prohibiting Americans from privateering against nations at peace with the United States (14 June); fortifying American ports and harbors (23 June); equipping a militia of 80,000 men (24 June); and authorizing the arming of the three frigates and providing further naval armament (1 July). Congress also passed on 6 July a stamp tax to take effect in December, for which see AA to William Smith, 28 Feb. 1798, and note 2, below. On 8 July 1797 it allowed for a salt tax and authorized the government to borrow $800,000 (Annals of Congress description begins The Debates and Proceedings in the Congress of the United States [1789–1824], Washington, D.C., 1834–1856; 42 vols. description ends , 5th Cong., 1st sess., p. 239; U.S. Statutes at Large description begins The Public Statutes at Large of the United States of America, 1789–, Boston and Washington, D.C., 1845–. description ends , 1:520–522, 523–525, 527–532, 533–534).
2. An article in the Philadelphia Aurora General Advertiser, 6 June, argued that JA, in his 16 May speech to both houses of Congress, used “whole volumes” of correspondence from JQA in order to “work up their resentments to the highest tone.” For JQA’s earlier friendship with Benjamin Bache, see vol. 3:15.
3. Excerpts of two letters JQA wrote to Timothy Pickering, dated 4 Nov. 1796 and 17 Feb. 1797, were published in Documents Referred to in the President’s Speech to Both Houses of Congress, on the Sixteenth May, 1797, Phila., 1797, Evans, description begins Charles Evans and others, American Bibliography: A Chronological Dictionary of All Books, Pamphlets and Periodical Publications Printed in the United States of America [1639–1800], Chicago and Worcester, Mass., 1903–1959; 14 vols. description ends No. 32966. JQA noted in the 4 Nov. 1796 letter that he had received “an intimation” that “the French Government had determined to defeat if possible” the Jay Treaty “and had signified to the Committee of Foreign affairs” in the Batavian Republic “their expectation, that they would concur with all their influence towards the same object.” In his 17 Feb. 1797 letter JQA stated: “The neutrality of every other Nation is as little respected by the french Government, as that of the United States. They have recently proposed to Denmark to shut up the mouth of the Elbe against all British vessels” (LbC’s, APM Reel 129).
On 24 May Edward Livingston spoke on the House reply to JA’s speech. He enumerated several French complaints against the United States in order to “determine whether they are all so frivolous as to excite irritation at the mere mention of them” and then defended recent French conduct, including the dismissal of Charles Cotesworth Pinckney and the spoliations against American ships. Livingston hoped with his comments to avoid “a war of the most ruinous nature, whose consequences were so various as to be incalculable.” In his remarks, Livingston compared Paul Barras’ speech to James Monroe with the 4 Nov. 1796 letter from JQA to Pickering. Livingston agreed that Barras’ speech was “insulting” but questioned if the speech was “a just ground of war.” Livingston argued that the Batavian Republic could, on similar grounds, “declare war against us for the aspersions cast upon it” by JQA’s letter, which described the subordination of the Dutch Patriot Party to France. Livingston asked, “Can we wonder when our Minister speaks thus contemptuously of a nation, that others should make use of a similar freedom with us?” (Annals of Congress description begins The Debates and Proceedings in the Congress of the United States [1789–1824], Washington, D.C., 1834–1856; 42 vols. description ends , 5th Cong., 1st sess., p. 115–135).
4. On 31 May 1797 the Senate resumed debate on JQA’s nomination to Prussia. A motion to postpone consideration of the nomination failed 17 to 12; a subsequent resolution declaring there was no need for a minister to Prussia also failed by a vote of 18 to 11, after which the Senate consented to JQA’s appointment (U.S. Senate, Exec. Jour. description begins Journal of the Executive Proceedings of the Senate of the United States of America, Washington, D.C., 1789–. description ends , 5th Cong., 1st sess., p. 242).
Adams, Charles
“Charles Adams to John Quincy Adams, 8 June 1797,” Founders Online, National Archives, accessed April 11, 2019, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Adams/04-12-02-0093. [Original source: The Adams Papers, Adams Family Correspondence, vol. 12, March 1797 – April 1798, ed. Sara Martin, C. James Taylor, Neal E. Millikan, Amanda A. Mathews, Hobson Woodward, Sara B. Sikes, Gregg L. Lint, and Sara Georgini. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2015, pp. 150–151.]
From John Quincy Adams to Charles Adams [29 December 1796]
From John Quincy Adams to Charles Adams [1 August 1797]
All correspondence between John Quincy Adams and Charles Adams
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Gimme s’more a’dat “Liberal” Press!!
NBC, ya know!! Gotta love ’em! They just can’t crank out enough of that conservative propaganda bull-crap! Recalling only two years ago, that it was Katie Couric who had Governor Howard Dean on the Today show trying to make the claim that Democrats took money from that slime-ball Jack Abramoff.
COURIC: Hey, wait a second. Democrats took — Democrats took money from Abramoff too, Mr. Dean.
DEAN: That is absolutely false. That did not happen. Not one dime of money from Jack Abramoff went to any Democrat at any time.
After she heaved her lunch up on Howard Dean, she concluded with:
COURIC: Well, we’ll obviously have to look into that and clarify that for our viewers at a later date. Howard Dean, chairman of the Democratic National Committee, Mr. Dean, Governor Dean, thanks so much for talking with us.
Which of course, she never bothered to clarify for the viewers. NBC, CBS, CNN and ABC have been following in Fox Noise’s footsteps like drunken sailors trying to one-up each other on who can be more conservative ever since.
NBC’s Ann Curry is now front and center spewing utter lies about Obama’s pick for “minister du jur” for his Inauguration Day, Rick Warren. It’s bad enough to have Obama pick that filthy little Hate Monger to bloviate about how much God Almighty hates gay and lesbian people, but to let Ann Curry run around supporting that ass just makes NBC news look even dumber.
Yesterday on MSNBC Live, Curry said about Rick Warren and California’s Prop 8 bill while in a conversation with Contessa Brewer:
CURRY: It’s interesting. You know, one of the answers he has to that is that the pro — the idea of gay marriage was so well-funded in terms of, groups had come forth and had basically said, you know, “We’re gonna fund the fight against this ban,” that he felt that it was his responsibility to come out and say, “Wait a minute. We need to also — we need to create a balance here so that people hear both sides.”
Oh thanks Ann Curry!! You’re such a trashy liar you don’t even know what you’re lying about! Rick Warren never came out and tried to “look for balance” and he did everything in his power to make sure people did NOT hear both sides! What a lying little whore!
I need to write a blog entitled:
“Die Ann Curry, Die Die! DIE!”
Curry goes on (to bury herself in more lies):
One of the issues he said is that, you know, he cannot — he was concerned that there would be an infringement on his freedom to speak about it, because if, in fact, he came out — he was worried that this Proposition 8 would prevent him from getting up on the pulpit and speaking out against same-sex marriage.
Like I’ve said: Curry doesn’t know what she’s talking about. There was nothing in Proposition 8 that took Rick Warren’s Homophobic Hate-Mongering Ministry away from him. Proposition 8 was not a bill about giving out “gag orders” to Hate Mongers. What is wrong with these people?!?
Trust me, people: People like Rick Warren aren’t afraid of anybody or anything taking away their rights to speak about anything. These people will spew their hatred towards anybody they please and run behind the United States Constitution crabbing about their “right to free speech” and their insistence on a separated Church and State until the cows come home. When it comes to the Church legislating morality in this country, they’re all for it.
Now we can all look forward to January 6th when NBC’s Today show will once again – play host for the Queen of Mean, Ann Coulter who will get lots of air time to promote her brand-new book: “Guilty: Liberal Victims and their Assault on America.” …Because – NBC is run by a bunch of “liberals ” you see.
Coulter has made a number of highly controversial remarks during her appearances on NBC-owned channels. On NBC programs alone, Coulter has called former Vice President Al Gore a “total fag” and has called former President Bill Clinton a “latent homosexual.” Elsewhere, Coulter repeatedly likened Obama to Adolf Hitler in media appearances and in her syndicated column in 2008 and written that, without affirmative action, African-American Rep. Maxine Waters (D-CA) couldn’t get a job “that didn’t involve wearing a paper hat.” She has also said of Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens: “We need somebody to put rat poison in Justice Stevens’ créme brulée.” Indeed, Coulter has repeatedly mused about potential acts of violence against people she doesn’t like or with whom she disagrees.
Media Matters goes on to note that MSNBC, NBC and CNBC has played host to Ann Coulter and her dribble 194 times between April 1997 to Oct. 2007. Do you think a liberal like Michael Moore has been on MSNBC, CNBC or NBC one hundred and ninety four times?
One of the few good news journalists we have, CBS News’ Chief Foreign Correspondent, Lara Logan was on Comedy Central’s “The Daily Show with Jon Stewart” last July. While on it, she was asked if she watched American News. She flatly denied that she does. Repeatedly she said “No, I do not watch American television news.” She leaned in on Stewart and said; If I were to watch the news that you’re hearing in the United States, I’d just blow my brains out. ‘Cause it would drive me nuts.
Ya think?!
In an Op Ed piece in the Wall Street Journal, Bernard Goldberg wrote an homage to Tim Russert who had recently passed away. Goldberg and Russert spent a great deal of time talking about bias in the media. And in his piece honoring his friend Russert, Goldberg wrote:
“Why the closed-mindedness when the subject comes around to media bias?” I asked him.
“That, to me, is totally contrary to who we’re supposed to be as journalists. . . . If someone suggested there was an anti-black bias, an anti-gay bias, an anti-American bias, we’d sit up and say, ‘Let’s talk about this, let’s tackle it.’ Well, if there’s a liberal bias or a cultural bias we have to sit up and tackle it and discuss it. We have got to be open to these things.”
His many friends in journalism — the ones who spend their lives inside that comfortable, elitist bubble — would do well to take those words to heart. Facing up to their biases and making a conscious effort to get rid of what Tim called “preferred positions” on important social issues (for abortion and against guns, for example) would be a lasting tribute to Tim.
Lara Logan is absolutely correct: We don’t have “news” in this country. What we have is bubble-headed bimbos like Ann Curry blabbing utter jibberish about gay rights being yanked away in an effort to protect a fat man’s Constitutional right to spew hatred across this country.
And when NBC parades the likes of Ann Coulter out on their Today Show stage to blab about her personal hatred towards liberals, you just don’t get that “Free Pass” on calling the news “Liberal” anymore! You just don’t!
Filed under: CNN, homophobia | Tagged: "Liberal Media", ABC, Adolf Hitler, Al Gore (Green), Ann Coulter, Ann Curry (Right Wing Dumbass), Barack Obama (President-Elect), Bill Clinton (D-US President), CBS, CNN, Fox News, homophobia, Howard Dean (Mr DNC), John Paul Stevens (USSCJ), Katie Couric (R-CBS News Anchor), Maxine Waters (D-CA), Michael Moore, NBC, Rick Warren (Pastor-Hate Monger) | Leave a comment »
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GamesRepublic.com RTS Games Disney Interactive Studios
RTS Games Disney Interactive Studios
RTS games (also known as the Real-Time Strategy games) is a subgenre of strategy video games which doesn’t utilize the turn-based gameplay. In a good RTS games, players are trying to maneuver and position their units and structures to secure specific areas of the map (and/or destroy the assets of their opponents). In a typical RTS, players can create additional units and structures during the game. This is usually limited by a requirement to spend gathered resources. Said resources are gathered via controlling special points on the map and possessing certain types of units and structures which also serve this purpose. All the best RTS games feature base building, resource gathering, technological development and indirect unit control. RTS games are historically one of the most popular genres in competitive gaming. Franchises like StarCraft, Warhammer 40 000: Dawn of War, Age of Empires and Command & Conquer are widely considered the best of all time. Here on Games Republic you will find only the best RTS games. They’re every true PC gamer’s dream.
Disney Interactive Studios RTS Games
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Mass Effect: Trilogy Compilation- Announcement
By Jacob Czarnecki
I think there’s something in the air, because I’ll have to be sick on November 6th. Not only does the release of Halo 4 take place, but as seen in the title of this article above, a Mass Effect Trilogy is going to be released for both the Xbox 360 and PC, and later on for the PlayStation 3.
Winner of over 300 awards. Recipient of over 200 perfect scores. A universe that has expanded beyond games to comics, novels, apparel, collectibles, action figures and more. TheMass Effect franchise has become one of the most heralded series in video game history. BioWare, a division of Electronic Arts (NASDAQ: EA), today unveiled the Mass Effect Trilogy, a compilation of all three award-winningMass Effect games in one box. Available in stores beginning November 6, 2012 for only $59.99, the Mass Effect Trilogy is the perfect holiday gift for longtime fans or friends who have yet to experience Commander Shepard’s epic journey to save the galaxy.
Coinciding with the launch of Mass Effect Trilogy, BioWare will kick off the first annual “N7 Day,” a worldwide celebration of the Mass Effect franchise on November 7, 2012. Stay tuned to http://MassEffect.com for updates and announcements for a variety of in-game, online and live events which fans can congregate and fly their N7 colors.
The Mass Effect trilogy follows the rise of Commander Shepard from Alliance Marine to becoming the galaxy’s mostelite soldier – the only soldier who can lead an all-out galactic war against an ancient alien race known as the Reapers. Heart-pounding action meets gripping interactive storytelling as players decide how their unique story unfolds over all three games. With a team of loyal soldiers at their side, each player decides how they will save the galaxy, from the weapons and abilities they utilize to the relationships they forge or break.
The Mass Effect Trilogy will be available on the Xbox 360® videogame and entertainment system and PC on November 6, and will be available at a later date for the PlayStation®3 computer entertainment system. Mass Effect, the game which started it all, will be available on PlayStation 3 for the first time through the Mass Effect Trilogy and digitally as a standalone title via the PlayStation Network.
I am totally baffled by gaming industries making games better than what they originally were, such as Battlefield 3 Premium edition, Medal of Honor Limited edition, several other games, and now a Mass Effect Trilogy, which are all sixty dollars. My spider-sense is telling me that many many game companies are going to make way too much money this holiday season.
Related Articles: Mass Effect, Mass Effect 2, Mass Effect 3
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Travis Tritt Named ‘Real Country’ Judge Alongside Shania Twain and Jake Owen
Carena Liptak
Frazer Harrison, Getty Images
Country star Travis Tritt has signed on as the third judge for the upcoming Real Country TV singing competition, an eight-episode series that will premiere in the fall of 2018. Tritt rounds out a trio of judges, also including Shania Twain and Jake Owen, which will sift through a competitive roster of country artists and hand-select the most promising contestants for a chance to perform in the show's grand finale and take their place as one of country music's rising stars.
Tritt says that that his near-three-decade career in country music, along with his many influences and idols in the genre, will help him spot the brightest-shining young stars and offer his honest opinion.
"I've been influenced by so many amazing country artists in my career, and the key to longevity is using those influences as inspiration to become something unique," Tritt explains in a statement. "I've never been shy about how I feel about country music, so I can't wait to join Real Country to share my experiences and thoughts. Like I always say...if you don't want my opinion, don't ask me a question."
Twain and Owen were previously named as judges on the show in April of 2018. In addition to appearing on camera, Twain will also play a role behind the scenes as an executive producer of the show, alongside Nicolle Yaron, Stijn Bakkers and Leslie Garvin. The series is set to be produced by Wilshire Studios, and will broadcast on the USA Network. Artists interested in taking part of the television series can visit RealCountry.CastingCrane.com or email RealCountry@CastingDuo.com for more info. The deadline for submissions is June 18, 2018.
All of Jake Owen's Singles, Ranked
How Well Do You REALLY Know Shania Twain?
NEXT: Are TV Singing Competitions Worthwhile?
Source: Travis Tritt Named ‘Real Country’ Judge Alongside Shania Twain and Jake Owen
Filed Under: Jake Owen, real country, Shania Twain, travis tritt
Categories: Audio/Videos/Photos, Entertainment, Music
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2LO London, 24 December 1928 20.50
From Whitechapel
VERY early in the short history of broadcasting the Rev. John Mayo was one of the very first clergymen to take a sympathetic interest in the new medium, and he broadcast an address from the Studio the first Christmas that the B.B.C saw—in 1922. The carols relayed from his church in Whitechapel have been among the most successful of Christmas broadcasts, and listeners will be glad to hear them again this year.
2LO London is a radio service which began broadcasting on 11 May 1922 and ended on 4 October 1929. It was replaced by Regional Programme London.
Feedback about Carols, 2LO London, 20.50, 24 December 1928
Please leave this link here so we can find the programme you're referring to: http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/e07b719225fe4ec78dac91ad2f38e3f2
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George Wilmot
Philosophy, Politics and Occasionally Some Music
How is American Politics Portrayed in Popular Culture?
Written by George
Popular culture is an integral part of the United States (US). It is almost impossible to ignore the vast output of film, television, music and documentary from the US, and this means their message is received on a vast scale. In terms of topic, it could be argued that politics is one of the most popular. This is only encouraged by the nature of a presidency as the primary figure in the country strives to present themselves in a positive light. With the average viewer age of news programs being over 50, popular culture fulfils the political endeavours of many younger people (CRANE, 2004). This inevitably leads to a much higher amount of opinion, which in some cases can damage the credibility of American politicians and the political system as well as praise. This essay will focus primarily on the impact of music in American politics while also assessing the impact of film, documentary and television.
The first topic this essay will cover is the advent of ‘nemesis politics’, essentially the ‘counter culture’ fronted mainly by musicians. Issues in politics have been contested and damned by musicians since the 1940’s with folk artists such as Woody Guthrie writing songs in protest of Fascism that he deemed to be rife in American politics of the time. His guitar famously modelled a sticker that read ‘this machine kills fascists’ while songs such as ‘all you fascists bound to lose’ and most famously ‘this land is your land’ spelled out his frustration regarding the way in which American society operated. Mark Allan Jackson describes Guthrie as a “propaganda singer” and believes that his “self-assessment as an American and a patriot rings true” (JACKSON, 2007). Guthrie prompted the beginning of the political folk movement whose influence can still be found in modern day hip hop – arguably the most politically active section of contemporary music. Artists such Bob Dylan and Pete Seeger took much of Guthrie’s philosophy and made it much more overtly political. Both used satire in early songs such as Dylan’s ‘Talking John Birch Paranoid Blues’ and Seeger’s version of ‘Beans in My Ears’. Focusing on Dylan initially, the Paranoid Blues highlighted the “red scare” that was prominent in the late 1950’s and early 1960’s due to the impact of McCarthyism and the John Birch Society. Both organisations were responsible for creating great tensions in the US over Communism and the seemingly imminent danger posed by the then Soviet Union (WALKER, 2011). Dylan mocks the ridiculous nature of such scaremongering with lines such as “I quit my job so I could work alone, I got a magnifying glass like Sherlock Holmes, followed some clues from my detective bag and discovered red stripes on the American flag, did you know about Betsy Ross” (DYLAN, 1962). In this light, American politics is represented as being manipulative and radical. Although not popular in a mainstream sense, Dylan’s paranoid blues provided an honest and somewhat sobering view of very popular anti-communist beliefs that have arguably been replaced by fears of terrorism in the modern day.
Toward the end of the 1960’s and throughout the 1970’s political folk music was expanded on by artists such as Gil Scott Heron and Creedence Clearwater Revival. Starting with ‘Revolution’ in 1968, John Lennon began his transformation into a revolutionary and a peace activist. Referring to Lennon at the height of his activism Gore Vidal called him a “born enemy of those who govern the United States” and continued by saying “he represented life and that is admirable, and Mr Nixon and Mr Bush represent life, and that is a bad thing” (USVS, 2006). He was monitored by the FBI and was almost deported from the country for his anti-governmental stance. His notoriety was increased with his ties with Black Panthers leader Bobby Seale along with famous protest speakers Jerry Rubin and Abbie Hoffman. Lennon was frequently referred to as a ‘tool’ of these distinctly more radical speakers, which meant his music held a great threat to the credibility of the government. Inevitably the anti-war movement adopted John Lennon’s music, with “give peace a chance” becoming a ‘national anthem’ that was sung at demonstrations across the country. Not only this, but at a freedom rally in 1971 in Michigan Lennon directly influenced the decision to release poet John Sinclair from prison, a man who himself took part in anti-government music with late sixties punk band MC5. “Let him be, set him free, let him be like you and me” amongst various other lyrics making up the ‘Song for John Sinclair’ proved resonant as Sinclair was released from prison the next morning. Sinclair himself attributes his release to Lennon “because regular people thought this guy from The Beatles is coming to see about this guy’s case, there must be something wrong with it” (USVS, 2006). In the late 1960’s and early 70’s John Lennon through his music depicted US politics as being unjust, controlling, separatist and racist. Due to his immense fame, Lennon was almost above the law, and the message in his music still resonates and is still applicable thirty years on.
War has been a trending topic in music since the previously mentioned times of Woody Guthrie. Protest songs such as ‘Ohio’ by Neil Young written in response to the 1970 Kent State shootings and ‘Fortunate Son’ by Creedence Clearwater Revival written about the war in Vietnam are just two examples of the kind of music Abbie Hoffman believed would make up the “leaders of the revolution” (GUARDIAN, 2010). However, the critical acclaim of war and protest songs largely died in the 1980’s, with documentary, film and even stand-up comedy replacing it in contemporary America. Michael Moore, an infamous documentary filmmaker, in 2004 released ‘Fahrenheit 9/11’ which examined the ‘war on terror’ that was initiated in the aftermath of the World Trade Center bombings in 2001. Moore paints the troubling story of a war that should never have happened. He also examines the relationship between the Bush family and the Bin Laden family to discover that both families prospered from the September 11th attacks. In reference to the Iraq war Moore highlights that the American government invaded and bombed “a nation that had never attacked the United States, a nation that had never threatened to attack the United States, a nation that had never murdered a single American citizen” (MOORE, 2004). A commentary such as this over videos of exploding bombs and injured Iraqi civilians is typical of a Michael Moore film, and something that is highly emotive. As a result, Moore largely accomplishes his goal of projecting the American government and George W. Bush in particular as deceitful, selfish and incompetent. However, with praise of Moore also comes criticism from Christopher Hitchens in particular. In a famous article named ‘The Lies of Michael Moore’ Hitchens calls Fahrenheit 9/11 a “sinister exercise in moral frivolity, crudely disguised as an exercise in seriousness” and a “spectacle of abject political cowardice masking itself as a demonstration of “dissenting” bravery.” While accepting the need for a documentary such as this to contain a narrative and somewhat of an ideological bias, he damns Moore’s omission of “everything that might give your “narrative” a problem” before saying “you have betrayed your craft” (HITCHENS, 2004). Interestingly, both Michael Moore and Christopher Hitchens identify sources of what Barry Glassner calls America’s ‘Culture of Fear’ (GLASSNER, 2009). However, while Moore attributes this to Bush, Hitchens blames Moore himself as his film merely reinforces the need to “fight against” the “all-powerful” Osama Bin Laden, with any other topic being “a dangerous “distraction” from the fight against him” (HITCHENS, 2004). Where this critical analysis of Fahrenheit 9/11 becomes applicable to this essay is in the sense that almost all cultural product is inherently biased. For example, if this essay had focused on songs such as ‘The Ballad of the Green Berets’ by SSgt Barry Sadler instead of ‘Ohio’ a completely different narrative of political portrayal in the US could’ve been formed. It could have certainly been argued that the Green Berets reached number one in the official Billboard charts for five weeks, five weeks longer than any song discussed in this essay (BILLBOARD, 2013). However, in defence of this, The Ballad of the Green Berets is remembered by few while the works of John Lennon, Neil Young and Gil Scott Heron to name a few are remembered fondly by the world. Heron was right when he said that ‘The Revolution Will Not be Televised’, but this does not make the message any less credible and impactful.
It is impossible to talk about music and its representation of American Politics without covering the civil rights movement. Pete Seeger, who like John Lennon was an FBI target for surveillance, was responsible for undoubtedly the most important song of the 1960’s civil rights movement. When meeting Martin Luther King in 1957, Seeger “helped King and other civil rights activists incorporate song into their organizing tactics” and in 1963 during the March on Washington over 250,000 people sang the song that became the ‘national anthem’ for the movement (GUARDIAN, 2014). Although simple, Seeger’s ‘we shall overcome’ issued a simple message to the government of the time, that the people would not back down. It was part of a movement that forced John F Kennedy to act upon his claims to pass civil rights legislation. This was successful as the Civil Rights Act and Voting Rights Act were passed in the two subsequent years (HISTORY, no date). Not only this, but as a result of its use in the Civil Rights Movement, ‘We Shall Overcome’ has become synonymous with protest and civil inequalities since. Issues concerning feminism, environmentalism, war and terrorism regularly reference the song, and much like John Lennon’s ‘Give Peace a Chance’ Seeger captured the public frustration with American politics and offered an alternative. American politics was represented as not being for the people, a trend that is seen regularly throughout the examples given in this essay.
When looking at the timeline of political music, the most recent genre to cause great impact was the Hip Hop movement. Music became relevant once more in terms of politics and political protest with artists such as ‘Public Enemy’, ‘NWA’, ‘KRS-One’ and most recently ‘Immortal Technique’. In an article on politics and Hip Hop, George Martinez puts forward his belief that “Hip Hop is the most powerful intergenerational force in the world and is still growing” (MARTINEZ, 2004). Possibly the most notorious Political Hip Hop songs is ‘Fight the Power’ by Public Enemy with lyrics demanding “got to give us what we want, got to give what we need, our freedom of speech is freedom or death, we’ve got to fight the powers that be” (PUBLIC ENEMY, 1989). The song was used as the theme for director Spike Lee’s film ‘Do the Right Thing’ that received widespread acclaim and with the Public Enemy song attracting just as much attention. Again this song speaks of the government as the somewhat racist oppressors, a representation also suggested by Lennon. Referring back to George Martinez, he believes that “the power of Hip Hop can’t be contained by capitalist forces. But people can be confused by those powerful forces”, a view that collectives such as Public Enemy and NWA and even back to Bob Dylan would agree with (MARTINEZ, 2004). It is then seen as the duty of artists such as these to expose their perceived nature of American government, that being an unfair, undemocratic and somewhat ruinous system.
To conclude, this essay will look finally at a quote from an article written by David T. Little in which he sums up music’s impact as a prominent form of counter-culture. In looking to the future Little believes “though it might seem to pale when compared to the fervour of revolutionary music of the ‘30s and ‘70s, it nonetheless might be the most powerful tool we’ve got. At least until the next revolution” (NYTIMES, 2011). This holds a great amount of truth as Music appears to still be the most accessible way in which to voice political beliefs that are not defined as mainstream. While filmmakers such as Michael Moore and comedians such as Bill Hicks are only pertinent for a number of years, the works of some of the greatest political musicians including Woody Guthrie, Bob Dylan, John Lennon and Pete Seeger is not only widely remembered but infinitely applicable to the contemporary world. There still needs to be a counter-culture that can say ‘We Shall Overcome’ and ‘Give Peace a Chance’ in order to provide constant checks on government. Ultimately, the creators of the popular culture discussed in this essay all share the same desire to represent American politics not as perfect body of excellence but as a flawed system that requires change and fairness.
BILLBOARD (2013). Hot 100 55th Anniversary: Every No. 1 Song (1958-2013) (http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/5149230/hot-100-55th-anniversary-every-no-1-song-1958-2013)
CRANE, Michael (2004). The Political Junkie Handbook (Specialist Press International)
DYLAN, Bob (1962). Talking John Birch Paranoid Blues (Colombia)
GLASSNER, Barry (2009). The Culture of Fear (Basic Books)
GUARDIAN, The (2014). Pete Seeger’s legacy to activists: don’t give up. We shall overcome By Amy Goodman (http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/jan/30/pete-seeger-persecution-songs-folk-justice)
GUARDIAN, The (2010). Neil Young’s Ohio – the greatest protest record By Dorian Lynskey (http://www.theguardian.com/music/2010/may/06/ohio-neil-young-kent-state-shootings)
HISTORY (no date). March on Washington (http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/march-on-washington)
HITCHENS, Christopher (2004). Unfaihrenheit 9/11, the Lies of Michael Moore (http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/fighting_words/2004/06/unfairenheit_911.html)
MARTINEZ, George (2004). The politics of hip hop, Socialism and Democracy (Routledge)
MOORE, Michael (2004). Fahrenheit 9/11 (Dog Eat Dog Films)
JACKSON, Mark Allan (2007). Prophet Singer: The Voice and Vision of Woody Guthrie (Journal of Popular Music Studies)
NY TIMES (2011). Until the Next Revolution By David T. Little (http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/05/18/until-the-next-revolution/?_php=true&_type=blogs&_php=true&_type=blogs&_r=1)
PUBLIC ENEMY (1989) Fight the Power (Motown)
THE US VS JOHN LENNON (USVS) (2006). Directed by David Leaf, John Scheinfeld (Lions Gate Films)
WALKER, William (2011). McCarthyism and the Red Scare: A Reference Guide (ABC-CLIO)
16 Jul 2017 ·
Grime4Corbyn – Red Wedge 2.0?
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Earlier this week notorious war hawk US Senator John McCain (R-Az) was diagnosed with brain cancer.
While the liberal and conservative establishments are sending their regards, Geopolitics Alert instead compiled a list of reasons why we don’t care about McCain.
The list is of course a history of all the instances McCain has called for US-led intervention around the world. There’s obviously a long history here, so we’ve compiled the largest examples from Europe to Asia.
We’ll start with the obvious wars first.
Afghanistan and Iraq
Obviously every US senator (besides California’s Barbara Lee) voted to give president George W. Bush the power to invade Afghanistan following the events of September 11th. However, McCain wasn’t happy with just moving to invade Afghanistan. No, he had other targets on his mind as early as the day after the towers fell.
Despite McCain’s claim in 2014 that “the Iraq war probably wouldn’t have happened” if he had won the 2000 Republican primary and then general election, this assertion seems ridiculous. On September 12th 2001, McCain appeared on MSNBC presenting a long list of countries he felt were providing a “safe harbor” to groups like al Qaeda. This list of course included Iraq and several other countries that appear later on this list.
Another country on that 2001 list (of course) was Syria. Now, the Bush regime may have never gotten a chance to continue toppling Mideast countries (thanks to the failure in Iraq and the exposure of that war being sold on lies). But McCain seemingly never lost sight of his hatred for Bashar Al-Assad.
Shortly after the Arab Spring “broke out” in Syria, McCain – and his constant partner in war crimes Sen. Lindsey Graham – quickly found communication channels with the “Syrian opposition.” Just a few short months after the US endorsed protests in Syria (even having their ambassador attend), McCain and Graham began calling for arms to start flowing to the Free Syrian Army and other “rebel” groups.
McCain’s plans for Syria never quite worked the way he wanted but he probably should’ve know they would never yield a positive result. If McCain didn’t want to look at Iraq to prove that point, he had another more recent example he could’ve used: the NATO intervention in Libya.
It was less than a year before McCain wanted to arm Syrian takfiris that he had supported with the bombing and no fly zones in Libya. McCain even wanted tougher actions against the country. Which has now become an anarchic Wild West that’s home to all sorts of horrors from the Islamic State to a new slave trade.
McCain is also a champion of the “war on terror” in other parts of Africa. While McCain hasn’t directly supported terrorists in some countries in Africa, he still has called for more US intervention across the continent.
This list includes countries dealing with Islamic insurgencies, such as Mali. McCain has also called for plans like “deploying Special Forces” to rescue girls kidnapped by Boko Haram in Nigeria and intervention in Sudan, where McCain and his wife have invested money for some time.
Another country on the list of hated nations originally put forth by Bush undersecretary of defense Paul Wolfowitz, and also another long time target of McCain, is of course Iran.
Although McCain has always said “he prays” there will never be at war with Iran, the man constantly calls for it and even jokes about bombing the country when he feels the mood is right. The truth of the matter is, McCain’s positions towards Iran are so hostile that even flagship neoconservative institutions like the Cato Institute think he is too hawkish.
Bosnia and Kosovo
But McCain isn’t satisfied with just backing salafi jihadists in the traditional Middle East and North African theaters. He’s also backed violent radicals across the fringes of Europe. This trend really started in the mid 1990’s when McCain was a vocal supporter of then president Bill Clinton’s war in Bosnia.
Many of the Muslims traveling to Bosnia joining the mujahideen there have joined groups like IS in recent years. And IS flags can occasionally be seen in the Sunni areas of Bosnia now. McCain was still backing potential takfiri movements, recently accusing Russia of interfering in local affairs, and calling for more US intervention in the country.
McCain made similar decisions when he advocated US intervention in Kosovo in the late 90’s. In the Kosovo conflict, McCain backed the Kosovo Liberation Army: a genocidal jihadist organization with ties to Al Qaeda under Osama Bin Laden.
Don’t be fooled into thinking that McCain only supports jihadists in Eastern Europe though! He also backs the overt Nazis acting as death squads for Kiev in the ongoing Ukrainian conflict.
This of course started in 2014, but McCain has continued to pledge support for Kiev’s crimes in the Donbass region to this day. This is all par for the course in McCain’s larger theme of challenging Russia– the country he believes controls the separatists in eastern Ukraine.
The story of McCain’s hatred of Russia spans back to the Cold War. We won’t get into McCain’s fear of communism that’s evolved into just general Russophobia. But we will say he didn’t have many excuses to focus on making threats towards Moscow for a good 15-20 year stretch.
This changed in 2008, with the war in South Ossetia between Georgia and Russia. During this conflict McCain was the loudest voice saying the US “should immediately call a meeting of the North Atlantic Council to assess Georgia’s security and review measures NATO can take to contribute to stabilizing this very dangerous situation.”
This same situation repeated in Ukraine in 2014 but McCain’s worst comments came this year. As soon as the US Intelligence Community’s accused Russia of interference in the 2016 US elections– and without any evidence– McCain was first to say the event was an “act of war.”
The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DRPK/North Korea) was also an early target of McCain’s making his September 12th wish list. More recently though, the restyled “Trump opponent” McCain was all-in on the new regime’s saber rattling. Calling on Trump to strike the nuclear armed country.
Bonus: China
China is kind of in its own class with McCain, who’s made strange vague threats towards the country in the past. Such as “the Arab spring is coming to China,” whatever that means. China may be a target on the periphery for McCain but he does still encourage antagonizing the country to this day. Calling for things like more “freedom of navigation drills” and other naval exercises in the South China Sea.
So, in summation, next time someone asks why you don’t care about John McCain’s clock running out, show them this article. McCain has encouraged the spread of death worldwide. The day he leaves congress will be a victory for the human race.
Warmongering neocon John McCain diagnosed with aggressive brain cancer
Preparing to start WW3: US tests new nuclear gravity bomb
‘New World Order under enormous strain’ – war monger John McCain
‘If trade stops, war starts,’ warns Alibaba founder Jack Ma
Pentagon wants $582 billion to wage war in 2017
US Army to spend $900m on chemical warfare projects
UK is world’s largest arms dealer, second only to USA
5 deadliest military operations for civilians killed by US and NATO forces
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Tag Archives: Charles Fox Parham
The Bringers of False and Strange Fire
May 17, 2009 – 1:25 am
Tagged A Voice Crying in the Wilderness, Aimee Semple McPherson, Apostolic Faith Bible College, Apostolic Faith movement, Assemblies of God, BENNY HINN, Center for Pentecostal-Charismatic Studies, Charismatic, Charismatic Chaos, charismatic movement, Charles Fox Parham, Charles Parham, Christian cults, Deception in the church, end times religion, father of Pentecostalism, formation of Pentecostalism, freemason Pentecostal roots, freemasonry, freemasonry and charismatics, freemasonry and the word of faith, freemasons, freemasons in the church, full gospel, generals of faith, God;s general, Healing, heresy of Charles Parham, Jim Goll, john dowie, John G Lake, Kathryn Kuhlman, Kenneth Copeland, Kenneth Hagin, occult invasion of Christianity, Paul Crouch, Pentecostal, Pentecostal movement, Pentecostal restoration, Pentecostals and freemasonry, Roberts Liardon, strong delusion, TBN, Todd Bentley, Word faith, word of faith movement, Word-of-Faith
May 17, 2009 – 12:27 am
Tagged A Voice Crying in the Wilderness, Apostolic Faith Bible College, Apostolic Faith movement, Assemblies of God, Center for Pentecostal-Charismatic Studies, Charismatic, Charismatic Chaos, Charles Fox Parham, Charles Parham, Christian cult, Christian cults, Cult Apologetics, Cults, Deception in the church, doctrines of demons, end times religion, father of Pentecostalism, formation of Pentecostalism, freemason Pentecostal roots, freemasonry, freemasonry and charismatics, freemasonry and the word of faith, freemasons, freemasons in the church, GOSPEL OF GREED, Healing, heresy, heresy of Charles Parham, Kenneth Hagin, occult invasion of Christianity, Pentecostal movement, Pentecostal restoration, Pentecostals and freemasonry, Restoration Movement, strong delusion, word faith movement, Word-of-Faith
Charles Fox Parham and Freemasonry
Parham was probably a member of the Freemasons at some time in his life.[14] The 1930 biography on Parham (page 32) says “Mr. Parham belonged to a lodge and carried an insurance on his life. He felt now that he should give this up also.”[5] The question is one of timing, the extent of his involvement, and how much of their teachings became merged with his theology. From his wife’s comments, it appears he was originally involved because of the good deeds they did in looking after their fellow man (something he did not feel the churches did a good job of doing), not because of their beliefs. Because many in the Pentecostal movement oppose the Freemasons so bitterly, some have said that he left the organization when he started his “Full Gospel” ministry. This would fit with the comment in the biography. What is clear is that, at the peak of his ministry (between 1900 and mid-1907) he had little time for involvement in any organizations. His bible school and his preaching were an all consuming task. Even his active later ministry left little free time for activities like lodges. Some feel there is evidence that Parham was still a member of the Freemasons in 1928 (they feel he “appeared to still have Masonic tendencies”), but source documents for this are not quoted. They may be drawing an inference from a letter that Parham wrote back home from his Palestine trip where he said “I am going to bring a gavel home with me … I am going to present it to the Masonic lodge in Baxter Springs with my respects.”(p373)[5] Yet if he had been a member then, it is likely that his wife’s earlier comment in the same book, where it tells of Parham’s decision to leave the lodge, would have been different. She said “I had been taught in the Friend’s church not to believe in secret organizations, and was very glad for his decision” [i.e. to leave the lodge].(p32)[5] It is just as likely that the gavel was simply a present for friends he had known since his original involvement. If Parham was involved in Freemasonry, the ultimate question is what the level of his involvement was, when he was involved, and if there are any indications of these beliefs in his ministry, especially during the period of his highest influence in the early pentecostal movement (from 1900 to 1907). Lower level involvement in smaller communities can be more of a social involvement than a belief in or an understanding of their principles (as it appears was the situation with Parham’s early involvement with the lodge).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Parham
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How to Detect Image Manipulations Part V: The Subtraction Tool in ImageJ
2 Apr 2019 15:51 | Thorsten Beck (Administrator)
As already outlined in Part IV of this series, the image editing program ImageJ, developed by Wayne Rasband under the auspices of the United States National Institute of Health, offers a wide range of image editing possibilities, as well as a wealth of tools and extensions that can be used for measuring and analyzing images.
One of the obvious challenges when screening scientific images is to reliably identify elements that have been added subsequently. In the following experiment we are going to test the capacities and limitations of the subtraction operation in the Image Calculator – one of the tools available in ImageJ. We find this tool in the drop-down menu under ‘Process’ (see Fig. 1).
Fig. 1. Image Calculator in ImageJ
To test how effective the Image Calculator is, we think of a scenario in which an element has been copied into an image. The Image Calculator should be able to identify this very element. I generated the following three examples to use them for this test.
EXAMPLES FOR TESTING
In the first example (see Fig. 2 for the original image), one of the individual bees has been copied, moved and pasted into the image (see Fig. 3). Compared to the original image, it becomes clear how difficult it is to perceive this manipulation with the naked eye. Even the trained eye has difficulties to clearly identify such copied and re-used picture elements when there are many of the same kind.
Fig. 2. Original Image
Fig. 3. Image with bee added.
In example 2 we apply this basic operation to an electrophoresis image to simulate a scenario in scientific research. An image element from the original image is duplicated and reused several times (see Fig. 4). Here, too, we will test how effectively the Image Calculator can help to identify and highlight this manipulation.
Fig. 4. Electrophoresis Image (Original on the left, and altered version on the right.)
In the third and last example (see Fig. 5 for the original image), one of the elements is removed from the photo using the Clone Stamp in Photoshop (and overwritten with background texture). Another element is copied and used to replace the removed element (see Fig. 6). The resulting image will then also be analyzed with the help of the ImageJ subtraction tool in the Image Calculator.
Fig. 6. Manipulated Version: Image element deleted with Photoshop Clone Stamp and pliers (Pos. 4 on the right) copied and pasted.
WORKING STEPS AND ANALYSIS
In order to analyze the test images, a reference image is required as a source for comparison for each of the examples. Here are some instructions of the steps that must be performed one after the other in the program: First, the source image and the manipulated version are dragged and dropped onto the ImageJ tool bar. Both images are now displayed automatically and the Image Calculator opens. To determine the difference between both versions, the operation 'Subtract' (the original version is subtracted from the manipulated version) is selected (see Fig. 7). The result image clearly reveals the difference that was so difficult to see with the naked eye (see Fig. 8).
Fig. 7. Image Calculator Menu
Fig. 8. Subtraction Result of Bee Example Image
We proceed similarly with the second example. Here, too, the operation produces a quite clear result. The subsequently added blots are clearly displayed, while all identical image information remains black (see Fig. 9).
Fig. 9. Subtraction Result of Electrophoresis Example Image
Somewhat less clear, but still clear enough, is the result of the third experiment. The Image Calculator shows both copied and moved image element as well as the cloned region and the image information that is actually covered by the image background (see Fig. 10).
Fig. 10. Subtraction Result of Tool Example Image
SUMMARY AND EVALUATION
The Image Calculator in ImageJ reliably determines the differences between non-manipulated source images and manipulated versions – upon visual inspection. Especially for images with elements that are somewhat difficult to clearly identify and analyze for the naked eye, this tool appears to be a good help.
The procedure presented here, however, is an idealized scenario. The tool will only produce such impressive results if the original version of the modified image is available and can be compared with the manipulated image. But that is rarely the case in real-world scenarios. Even if the journal instructions would require authors to submit the original data of their images along with the publication, a small change to the manipulated image is enough to significantly reduce the efficiency of the Image Calculator. As soon as the dimensions of the image are not identical, the program calculates a completely different result:
Fig. 11. Subtraction Result with Cropped Reference Image
In summary, the ImageJ subtraction tool has delivered surprisingly clear and comprehensible results, but facing the limitation that these were artificial conditions.
Given the precondition that original and reference image are both available (and not cropped or stretched) for analysis, the program delivers consistent and convincing results. It goes without saying that reality tends to be somewhat more complicated than hand-made test conditions.
More tools will be evaluated soon – please visit HEADT.EU for upcoming posts.
©HEADT CENTRE 2019
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Home Statistics Dancer Stefania LaVie Owen Height, Weight, Age, Body Statistics
Stefania LaVie Owen Height, Weight, Age, Body Statistics
Stefania LaVie Owen Quick Info
Date of Birth December 15, 1997
Zodiac Sign Sagittarius
Boyfriend None
Stefania LaVie Owen is an American actress and dancer who is known for having been cast as Puddle Kadubic in the comedy series, Running Wilde, and as Dorrit Bradshaw in the teen comedy-drama television series, The Carrie Diaries. She also gained fame by appearing in a lead role in the TV mystery drama series, Chance. Moreover, Stefania LaVie Owen has also appeared in a number of other shows and movies such as The Lovely Bones, Home Game, Last Call with Carson Daly, Coming Through the Rye, All We Had, Krampus, I’m Dying Up Here, The Beach Bum, and The Cat and the Moon. Growing up in Pauatahanui, Wellington alongside her sisters, she shares a close bond with her family. Stefania LaVie Owen has also garnered a huge social media fan base with more than 100k followers on Instagram and more than 50k followers on Twitter.
Stefania LaVie Owen as seen while taking a selfie in October 2016 (Stefania LaVie Owen / Instagram)
Miami, Florida, United States
Stefania LaVie Owen divides her time between –
Stefania LaVie Owen studied at Pauatahanui School and was rewarded for her skills in the performing arts. Later, she went on to study at Chilton Saint James School which is an all-girls private school located in Lower Hutt, Wellington, New Zealand. Moreover, Stefania LaVie Owen has also taken dance lessons.
Actress, Dancer
Father – Mark Owen
Mother – Margarita Owen (Dance Teacher)
Siblings – Lolo Owen (Younger Sister) (Actress), Carly Owen (Older Sister) (Actress)
Others – Roberto Martin Dosal Dominquez (Maternal Grandfather), Martin Francisco Dosal Quijano (Maternal Great Grandfather), Martin Dosal Martinez (Maternal Great Great Grandfather), Carolina Quijano Alvarez (Maternal Great Great Grandmother), Zoila Dominguez (Maternal Great Grandmother), Margarita Gonzalez-Chavez Arias (Maternal Grandmother), Camilo Saturnino Gonzalez-Chavez y Acosta (Maternal Great Grandfather), Jose Francisco Gonzalez-Chavez Bombalier (Maternal Great Great Grandfather), Camila Acosta Roque de Escobar (Maternal Great Great Grandmother), Raquel Arias Llorens (Maternal Great Grandmother), Manuel Arias Diaz (Maternal Great Great Grandfather), Bárbara Llorens y Meyreles (Maternal Great Great Grandmother)
Stefania LaVie Owen is managed by Paradigm Talent Agency, Talent and Literary Agency, Beverly Hills, Los Angeles County, California, United States.
55 kg or 121 lbs
Stefania LaVie Owen has not dated anyone publicly yet and prefers to keep her love life away from the public eye. Hence, it is difficult for us to ascertain anything about her love life and relationship history.
Stefania LaVie Owen as seen while posing for a picture with her sisters, Lolo Owen (Right) and Carly Owen (Left), in April 2016 (Stefania LaVie Owen / Instagram)
Mixed (Hispanic and White)
Stefania LaVie Owen is of Cuban and Spanish descent on her mother’s side.
High cheekbones
Freckled face
Charming smile
Stefania LaVie Owen has appeared in a TV commercial for Healthy Eating.
Stefania LaVie Owen as seen while posing for a picture with a beautiful backdrop in Amsterdam, Netherlands in April 2016 (Stefania LaVie Owen / Instagram)
Having been cast as Puddle Kadubic in the comedy series, Running Wilde, in which she was cast in a lead role alongside actors Will Arnett, Keri Russell, Mel Rodriguez, Robert Michael Morris, and Peter Serafinowicz
Playing the role of Dorrit Bradshaw in the teen comedy-drama television series, The Carrie Diaries (2013-2014), in which she starred alongside AnnaSophia Robb, Austin Butler, Ellen Wong, Katie Findlay, Brendan Dooling, Chloe Bridges, Freema Agyeman, Matt Letscher, and Lindsey Gort
Appearing in the lead role of Nicole Chance in the TV mystery drama thriller series, Chance (2016-2017), which also starred actors Hugh Laurie, Ethan Suplee, Greta Lee, Clarke Peters, and Diane Farr
Stefania LaVie Owen made her first theatrical film appearance as Flora Hernandez (credited as Stefania Owen) in the supernatural fantasy thriller drama film, The Lovely Bones, in 2009. Directed by Peter Jackson, the film starred the likes of Mark Wahlberg, Rachel Weisz, Susan Sarandon, Stanley Tucci, Michael Imperioli, and Saoirse Ronan.
Stefania LaVie Owen made her first TV show appearance by playing the role of Puddle Kadubic in an episode of the comedy series, Running Wilde, in 2010. She starred on the show along with the likes of Will Arnett, Keri Russell, Mel Rodriguez, Robert Michael Morris, and Peter Serafinowicz.
Stefania LaVie Owen stays fit by leading an active life.
Stefania LaVie Owen Favorite Things
City In The World – New York
One Of Her Favorite Books – Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger
Source – HuffPost, SpiritAndFleshMag.com
Stefania LaVie Owen (Right) as seen in a selfie with actress AnnaSophia Robb in January 2017 (AnnaSophia Robb / Instagram)
Stefania LaVie Owen Facts
Her father hails from New Zealand.
When she was 4 years old, Stefania LaVie Owen’s family moved from Miami, Florida to Pauatahanui which is a village located in the North Island and is 30 km north of Wellington, New Zealand.
Her family has always supported her in her career pursuits and she counts her sisters as her best friends.
Her winning the cup for performing arts at Pauatahanui School somewhat initiated her journey of becoming an actress.
Stefania LaVie Owen’s sisters, Lolo and Carly, also studied at Chilton Saint James School.
During her younger years, she took part in a lot of school productions.
She was cast as Amanda Robbins, the estranged daughter of Melissa Leo’s character who reenters her life after running away at the age of 17, in the comedy-drama television series, I’m Dying Up Here (2018).
Stefania LaVie Owen has also been cast in a variety of roles in several movies such as Charlotte in Home Game, Deedee in Coming Through the Rye, Beth in Krampus, Ruthie Carmichael in All We Had, and Heather in The Beach Bum.
Before having been cast in the coming-of-age drama film, Coming Through the Rye (2015), which is a story about two teenagers who set out to find author J. D. Salinger, she had neither heard about the author nor had read any of his work.
Stefania LaVie Owen also auditioned for the role of Christine in the horror mystery thriller film, The Conjuring (2013). However, the part later went to actress Joey King.
She holds dual citizenship of both the United States as well as New Zealand.
Growing up, she was obsessed with Barney the dinosaur.
In 2019, Stefania LaVie Owen appeared in an episode of the late-night television program, Last Call with Carson Daly.
She has said in an interview that she is a bit indecisive.
Follow Stefania LaVie Owen on Instagram and Twitter.
Featured Image by Stefania LaVie Owen / Instagram
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Hudson Valley Medical Worker Illegally Handed Out Oxycodone
Bobby Welber
A medical employee confessed she tried to act as a major trafficker in a scheme where allegedly over $600,000 worth of oxycodone was dispensed in the Hudson Valley.
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On Tuesday, officials in Orange County announced 38-year-old Jodee O'Dell of Goshen pleaded guilty to attempted operating as a major trafficker.
O’Dell’s plea involved a scheme to obtain oxycodone pills to sell by creating false prescriptions at BAJA Medical Offices in Goshen where O’Dell was the office manager, and having accomplices, who were not patients of the practice, fill the prescriptions and give the majority of the pills to O’Dell and other accomplices.
After receiving a complaint from the medical practice, the Orange County District Attorney’s Office initiated an investigation into a group of individuals allegedly involved in a conspiracy to illegally obtain oxycodone by electronically issuing false prescriptions for the highly addictive narcotic drug.
As a result of the investigation, six, including O’Dell, were charged with felony conspiracy charges.
Felony complaints alleged the group caused 51,375 oxycodone pills, having a street value of over $625,852, to be illegally dispensed between January 6, 2015, and August 27, 2018.
“The large number of pills illegally dispensed from a medical practice in the Village of Goshen demonstrates how the opioid epidemic affects every community in the state without regard to socio-economic status,” Orange County District Attorney David Hoovler. “The abuse of oxycodone has helped fuel the opioid epidemic. Those who believe that it is safe to take oxycodone pills without a doctor’s order, because the pills are created by a pharmaceutical company, rather than being 'street drugs,' are tragically mistaken. There is a direct connection between the abuse of opioid pills and the abuse of heroin and the frequently lethal fentanyl that is often sold with it.”
O'Dell confessed during the six-month period between January 1, 2018, and June 28, 2018, the group caused 11,803 pills containing oxycodone, having a street value in excess of $182,752, to be illegally dispensed through the false prescriptions.
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O’Dell is scheduled to be sentenced on August 29.
Read More From Hudson Valley Post
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Car Fire in Driveway Kills Man, Dog in Hudson Valley
Filed Under: Goshen, Jodee O’Dell
Categories: Hudson Valley News, Orange County
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Current Member Institutions
Engaged Campus
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AmeriCorps member resources
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Summer Reading Corps
Principal Community Scholars
Tyson Foods Summer Community Internship Program
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Minnesota Campus Compact
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National Campus Compact
Meet the 2019 Engaged Campus…
Meet the 2019 Engaged Campus Award Winners and Finalists
The Engaged Campus Awards are designed to recognize the achievements of students, faculty, staff, alumni, community organizations, and AmeriCorps members for their work advancing the civic mission of higher education through community engagement and partnerships that positively impact students and communities.
Civic Mission Leadership
A faculty or staff member who has demonstrated leadership for higher education civic engagement and has worked to give voice to the civic mission of higher education.
Winner: Brie Swenson-Arnold
Brie Swenson-Arnold is an Associate Professor of History and the Director of Thursday Forum, a local community education program at Coe College. She specializes in early American history, the Civil War, African American and women’s and gender history. Her research focuses on gender, race, politics and popular culture in the Civil War era. In her professional roles, she has taken an avid stand in uncovering and commemorating the roles of African Americans, women, and everyday working people in transforming and building communities here in Iowa.
Finalist: Julianne Gassman
Julianne Gassman is the Director of Community Engagement at the University of Northern Iowa, an Associate Professor in the Department of Health, Recreation and Community Services, and the Campus Executive Director of the Nonprofit Leadership Alliance. She teaches in the area of nonprofit management and is the author/co-author of numerous books and publications. Her research interests include service-learning, community engagement, nonprofit management and student debt.
An alum of a member institution making strong contributions to their community and demonstrating the values of the civic mission of higher education.
Winner: Renee Murphy
Renee Murphy is the epitome of a community leader. She has been an integral part of the growth of CJM Financial and has recently founded Sassy Social Media. Renee, along with her husband, Trent, have been strong supporters of EMERGE @ Simpson, a program that develops ideas and connections among young entrepreneurs. She is one of the founding members of 100 Women Who Care Ankeny. She is also a member of the Ankeny Rotary and manages their social media pro bono. She is also an integral part of the Ankeny Chamber of Commerce, serving on their Board of Directors from 2016-2018.
Finalist: Ken-Matt Martin
Ken-Matt Martin is a co-founder of Pyramid Theatre Company in Des Moines, a small professional summer repertory theatre and is entering his third year as Executive Director. He has appeared in both plays and musicals at StageWest Theatre Company, the Des Moines Social Club, and the Des Moines Playhouse. He holds degrees in Musical Theater and Journalism from Drake University and is currently a candidate for the M.F.A. in Directing at Brown University/Trinity Repertory Theatre. He previously served three years on the Board of Directors of Employee and Family Resources of Iowa and currently serves as member of Drake University’s National Alumni Board. Martin is also a proud member of Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity Inc.
A new person in the field who is making unique and innovative contributions that demonstrate strong future potential.
Winner: Jessica Klyn de Novelo
Jessica Klyn de Novelo is a 2005 Central College graduate with majors in art and Spanish. She is a former Rotary Ambassadorial Scholar who completed graduate study and research in Peru. She earned her M.A. in Intercultural Relations from the University of the Pacific. She is deeply passionate about experiential learning and the power of engaging students in experience to develop their talents, learn and grow. She is a member of the Pella Rotary Club board and active community volunteer. She has worked for Central College since 2005 and currently serves as the director of career and professional development. She works with hundreds of area businesses and organizations to facilitate quality experiences for students and partners.
Finalist: Megan Jeanette Myers
Megan Jeanette Myers teaches a course on the Immigration Experience of Latino/as to Iowa with a required community engagement component where students work alongside a predominantly Latino/a high-school in a neighboring town. She is a current Campus Compact Engaged Scholar Faculty Fellow and is leading a working group at Iowa State for faculty interested in community-engaged pedagogies. Myers also leads a summer study abroad trip to the Dominican Republic in which students work with small-scale farmers to design a community project and she has an active research agenda in Caribbean literature, the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, and community-engaged pedagogies. She has published in Chiricú, Hispania, Latino Studies, and she has a forthcoming book titled Mapping Hispaniola (2019).
A student leader with demonstrated accomplishments in engaging students in meaningful service and civic engagement.
Winner: Amanda Miley
Amanda Miley is a senior Biology major at Buena Vista University from Independence, MO. She serves in many leadership roles through Student M.O.V.E. (Mobilize, Outreach, Volunteer, Efforts), Residence Life and Alternative Spring Breaks (AWOL). She has served four Campus Compact AmeriCorps terms and a summer VISTA term in Storm Lake. Through her service, she has used her knowledge and skills to enhance student organizations outreach to and with the community as well as redesigned the curriculum for our alternative spring break program. She has emphasized training and educating individuals that their service should be reciprocal and meeting a real need in the community that solves long term issues.
Finalist: Madeline Cheek
Madeline Cheek is a senior at Drake University and serves as senior editorial intern for the Drake Community Press. In this capacity, she has devoted countless hours to working with individuals across campus and in the metro area to facilitate the community engagement initiatives of the Press. She has also served at the World Food Prize, at the Drake SPROUT community garden, is a member of Alpha Phi Omega service fraternity, and with Everybody Wins Iowa! At Drake, she has served on the Sexual and Interpersonal Misconduct Task Force and served three years as a Resident Assistant. She is a Carpenter Scholar, a full-tuition scholarship offered by through the National Alumni Scholarship Society. will begin research for hosting a food pantry on campus to help support students in the summer by providing free, healthy options.
Emerging Innovation
A recent project, program, or initiative making unique and innovative contributions that demonstrate strong future potential.
Winner: #PanthersVote, University of Northern Iowa
#Panthersvote is a new initiative to promote student voting on the University of Northern Iowa campus. The goal is to unify the efforts of multiple groups engaged in voter engagement and turnout among the UNI community, particularly students. The group has a multiprong strategy, including coordinating a variety of organizations under the #panthersvote brand, and using this common brand to get students registered to vote. Additionally, the initiative offered a variety of presentations on how to get registered and vote, as well as a speaker series on current issues in American politics to engage people both on and off campus.
Finalist: Education for Service Scholars, Buena Vista University
The Education for Service Scholars program was established in 2017 in partnership with the Iowa Campus Compact AmeriCorps program. The program provides ten full-tuition scholarships to first-generation Buena Vista County students. Students attend a weekly lab, are enrolled in a Social Innovation minor and engage in service at local non-profit agencies of their choice. The program was designed to provide local youth with the opportunity to attend college, develop their civic agency and provide an intentional support system and pathway for them to succeed. The long-term goal is that these individuals will build capacity within their agencies in the community and eventually choose to stay in Storm Lake.
A campus-community partnership or collaboration that is deep, reciprocal, and transformational.
Winner: EMBARC and the University of Northern Iowa
EMBARC (Ethnic Minorities of Burma Advocacy and Resource Center), founded in 2013, aims to help refugees expand their world of possibilities through advocacy, education, and community development. This campus-community partnership developed through two mandatory courses in the Department of Philosophy and World Religions taught by Cara Burnidge is Assistant Professor of Religion and Yasemin Sari is Assistant Professor of Philosophy. UNI students worked with resettled refugee high school students to plan a new conference that included campus tours, leadership workshops and presentations from a variety of campus organizations and entities to help the high school students understand what it takes to be successful in college and outside of it.
Finalist: Aging Services and Coe College
Students in Cognitive Psychology taught by Renee Penalver, Assistant Professor of Psychology, worked collaboratively with Aging Services of Abbe Health, an affiliate of Unity Point. Students were grouped with individuals suffering from Dementia and created a digital story of their lives for them and their loved ones to enjoy. Dementia is a progressive disease that causes varying levels of cognitive decline in attention, learning, memory, language, personality, and general understanding. This program provides students in Cognitive Psychology with an opportunity to engage with and apply class knowledge toward the community in a meaningful way. Furthermore, the videos will provide an additional memory cue for participants in helping them to retrieve important memories.
Civic-Minded Employer
An Iowa employer nominated by a member institution for its commitment to corporate social responsibility and employee engagement in community.
Winner: Vermeer Corporation
Vermeer Corporation is a manufacturer of industrial and agricultural equipment with headquarters in Pella, Iowa. It serves the construction, landscaping, environmental, excavation and forage markets domestically and internationally. Vermeer was started in 1948 and has transformed it into a market-changing powerhouse recognized around the world. Through the years, Vermeer has become more and more involved in education, primarily STEM (science, technology, engineering and math). It creates learning opportunities combining education and real-life experiences, including a teacher intern program that allows teachers to experience how STEM directly relates to its workforce. Vermeer has partnered with Iowa colleges and universities, including Central College in Pella.
National Service Members of the Year
Individual full-time, part-time, and summer AmeriCorps and VISTA members (in IACC programs) who have made significant contributions to building a community partner or campus department’s capacity.
Winner: Jade Riley
Jade is in his second full-time year of service as VISTA Volunteer Coordinator at Willis Dady, an organization that provides shelter, case management, homeless prevention, and veteran support for Cedar Rapids, Iowa and the surrounding area, beginning in 2017 after graduating from Coe College with a degree in theater arts and creative writing. Jade also volunteers as a mentor at the Catherine McAuley Center, at the new LGBTIA+ center ran by Tanager Place, and as the secretary for Leaders in Volunteerism.
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Iowa Campus Compact strengthens the capacity of our member colleges and universities to prepare all students to become engaged citizens.
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About Global FM
So far Global FM has created 18 blog entries.
Platinum award winner: Innovation Gateway
Global FM Awards
Each year, the worldwide FM community gathers to recognise outstanding achievement in the FM profession through the Global FM Awards for Excellence in Facility Management. In particular, we celebrate those who promote and progress the facilities management profession by leveraging the Global FM member associations’ strengths, knowledge and experience. There are three level of [...]
By Global FM|2019-06-06T03:09:32+00:00June 6th, 2019|Global FM Awards|0 Comments
2019 Global FM Awards of Excellence announced
It is with great excitement that we announce the Global FM (Facilities Management) Awards of Excellence 2019! Each year, the Awards of Excellence are announced to coincide with World FM Day, when the global FM community comes together to celebrate the significant contribution facilities managers and the wider US$1.15 trillion global FM industry makes to [...]
By Global FM|2019-05-14T08:06:02+00:00May 14th, 2019|Uncategorized|0 Comments
World FM Day 2019
"Celebrating global ISO FM Standards" 15 May 2019 | Events between 13-17 May 2019 Once a year, the global facilities management community comes together to celebrate the FM industry. World FM Day 2019 is on 15 May, but we encourage the worldwide FM community to celebrate any day of the week of 13-17 May. This [...]
By Global FM|2019-05-14T08:00:17+00:00February 1st, 2019|Uncategorized|1 Comment
FMA launches Indigenous Engagement Strategy
The Ideaction Oceania conference dinner on Monday marked a significant milestone in the history of the Facility Management Association, as the National Board Chair, Kristiana Greenwood, and Diversity Portfolio Group Chair, Suellyn Ward, opened the dinner with the launch of the Association’s first Indigenous Engagement Strategy. The launch of the Strategy at the start of [...]
Facility Management Enables Positive Experiences! It is great to see the number of events and social media ‘chatter’ on how so many Facility Managers, their teams and facility service and product suppliers around the world are celebrating World FM Day 2018! As a complete delivery Team, we truly enable positive experiences for all [...]
Excellence abounds as Global FM Award winners are announced on World FM Day The Global FM Awards celebrate and acknowledge the best and most competent in facilities management practice across the world. With its main purpose to identify and recognise those in the facilities management industry who have done a great deal in contributing [...]
FM Hits The World Stage
ISO 41001 Facility Management (FM) management systems standard was published on 23 April 2018. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has announced the publication of a new management system standard to join the ranks of ISO 9001 Quality Management and ISO/IEC 27001 Information security management. “This latest release: ISO 41001 Facility management – [...]
By Global FM|2019-01-21T01:27:49+00:00May 1st, 2018|Uncategorized|0 Comments
Applications for the 2018 Awards for Excellence in FM are now open.
Global FM members are requested to submit a maximum of three entries, following the rules included in this brochure Global FM Awards 2018 Brochure. These entries shall be subject to a selection process by the Judging Panel. The selection shall be made according to the criteria set out in this brochure and subject to the [...]
By Global FM|2019-01-21T01:28:03+00:00January 9th, 2018|Uncategorized|0 Comments
Facility Management Market Industry Analysis and Forecast, 2017-2023
The market size of facilities management globally is predicted to reach $79 Billion by 2023, rising at a market growth of 15%. This growth in the market is due to a number of factors, including: The adoption of cloud-based solutions Change in organisation structure and workforce management, and Introduction of innovative solutions by [...]
By Global FM|2019-01-21T01:28:08+00:00December 18th, 2017|Uncategorized|0 Comments
Congratulations to winners of the FM Industry Awards for Excellence in Australia
The FM Industry Awards for Excellence in Australia announced its winners of its 2017 Awards at a Gala Dinner on Thursday 16 November in Melbourne, Australia. The annual awards recognises outstanding achievements of the FM industry in Australia by projects, businesses and individuals. Winners were announced at the Gala Dinner to honor those who have [...]
By Global FM|2019-01-21T01:28:14+00:00November 19th, 2017|Uncategorized|0 Comments
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European heat waves double in length since 1880
The most accurate measures of European daily temperatures ever indicate that the length of heat waves on the continent has doubled and the frequency of extremely hot days has nearly tripled in the past century. The new data shows that many previous assessments of daily summer temperature change underestimated heat wave events in western Europe by approximately 30 percent.
Paul Della-Marta and a team of researchers at the University of Bern in Switzerland compiled evidence from 54 high-quality recording locations from Sweden to Croatia and report that heat waves last an average of 3 days now—with some lasting up to 4.5 days—compared to an average of around 1.5 days in 1880. The results are published 3 August in the Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, a publication of the American Geophysical Union. The researchers suggest that their conclusions contribute to growing evidence that western Europe’s climate has become more extreme and confirm a previously hypothesized increase in the variance of daily summer temperatures since the 19th century.
The study adds evidence that heat waves, such as the devastating 2003 event in western Europe, are a likely sign of global warming; one that perhaps began as early as the 1950s, when their study showed some of the highest trends in summer mean temperature and summer temperature variance.
“These results add more evidence to the belief among climate scientists that western Europe will experience some of the highest environmental and social impacts of climate change and continue to experience devastating hot summers like the summer of 2003 more frequently in the future,” Della-Marta said.
The authors note that temperature records were likely overestimated in the past, when thermometers were not kept in modern Stevenson screens, which are instrument shelters used to protect temperature sensors from outside influences that could alter its readings. The researchers corrected for this warm bias and other biases in the variability of daily summer temperatures and show that nearly 40 percent of the changes in the frequency of hot days are likely to be caused by increases in summer temperatures’ variability. This finding demonstrates that even a small change in the variance of daily summer temperatures can radically enhance the number of extremely hot days.
“These findings provide observational support to climate modeling studies showing that European summer temperatures are particularly sensitive to global warming,” Della-Marta said. “Due to complex reactions between the summer atmosphere and the land, the variability of summer temperatures is expected to [continue to] increase substantially by 2100.”
The research was supported by the European Environment and Sustainable Development Program, the Swiss National Science Foundation and the National Center for Excellence in Climate Research (NCCR Climate).
Contact: Jonathan Lifland
jlifland@agu.org
August 3, 2007 Posted by FMS Global News | Alberta, Baltimore, Barcelona, Bethesda, Calgary, Canada, France, Germany, Global, Global Health Vision, Global News, Health Canada, Irvine, Italy, Japan, Medical Journals, Newfoundland, News, News Australia, News Canada, News Israel, News Italy, News Jerusalem, News Switzerland, News UK, News US, News USA, Nova Scotia, Osaka, Ottawa, Pennsylvania, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, RSS, RSS Feed, Slovakia, Spain, Toronto, UK, University of Bern, US, Virginia, Washington DC, Washington DC City Feed | Leave a comment
Identifying the mechanism behind a genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes is reaching epidemic proportions in the developed world. Determining if and how certain genes predispose individuals to type 2 diabetes is likely to lead to the development of new treatment strategies for individuals with the disease.
In a study appearing in the August issue of the Journal of Clinical Investigation Valeriya Lyssenko and colleagues from Lund University in Sweden show that certain variants of the gene TCF7L2 make individuals more susceptible to type 2 diabetes. The susceptibility variants were associated with increased expression of TCF7L2 in pancreatic islet cells and decreased islet cell secretion of insulin. Consistent with this, ectopic overexpression of TCF7L2 in human islet cells decreased insulin secretion in response to exposure to glucose. This study identifies TCF7L2 type 2 diabetes susceptibility variants and provides a mechanism by which these genetic variants might cause susceptibility to the disease. As discussed by the authors and in the accompanying commentary by Andrew Hattersley from Peninsula Medical School in the United Kingdom, future studies are likely to investigate the potential for manipulating the signaling pathways controlled by TCF7L2 for the development of new therapeutics for type 2 diabetes.
TITLE: Mechanisms by which common variants in the TCF7L2 gene increase risk of type 2 diabetes
AUTHOR CONTACT:
Valeriya Lyssenko
Lund University, University Hospital Malma, Malma, Sweden.
Phone: 46-40-391214; Fax: 46-40-391222; E-mail: Valeri.Lyssenko@med.lu.se.
ACCOMPANYING COMMENTARY
TITLE: Prime suspect: the TCF7L2 gene and type 2 diabetes risk
Andrew T. Hattersley
Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Peninsula Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom.
Phone: 44-1392-406806; Fax: 44-1392-406767; E-mail: Andrew.Hattersley@pms.ac.uk.
August 2, 2007 Posted by FMS Global News | Alberta, Baltimore, Barcelona, Bethesda, Biological Sciences, Calgary, Canada, Diabetes, France, Genes, Genetic, Genetic Link, Genetics, Genome, Genomic, Germany, Global, Global Health Vision, Global News, Health Canada, Human Genome, Irvine, Italy, Japan, Journal of Clinical Investigation, Medical Journals, Newfoundland, News, News Australia, News Canada, News Israel, News Italy, News Jerusalem, News Switzerland, News UK, News US, News USA, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Osaka, Ottawa, Pennsylvania, Prince Edward Island, Public Health, Quebec, Research, RSS, RSS Feed, Slovakia, Spain, Toronto, Type 2 Diabetes, US, Virginia, Washington DC, Washington DC City Feed, World News | Leave a comment
Huntington’s disease study shows animal models on target
This release is available in French.
An international team of researchers has published a benchmark study showing that gene expression in several animal models of Huntington’s Disease (HD) closely resembles that of human HD patients.
The results, published August 1, 2007, in the , validate the applicability of using animal models to study human disease and will have important consequences for the pertinence of these models in preclinical drug testing.
Huntington’s disease is an incurable and fatal hereditary neurodegenerative disorder caused by a mutation in the gene that encodes the huntingtin protein. Neurons in certain regions of the brain succumb to the effects of the altered protein, leading to severe motor, psychiatric, and cognitive decline. Several recent studies have shown that the mutant huntingtin protein modifies the transcriptional activity of genes in affected neurons. This disease mechanism is a promising new avenue for research into the causes of neuronal death and a novel potential approach for treatment.
Led by EPFL professor Ruth Luthi-Carter, and involving collaborators from six countries, the current study found a marked resemblance between the molecular etiology of neurons in animal models and neurons in patients with HD. This implies that animal models are relevant for studying human HD and testing potential treatments.
To come to this conclusion, the scientists measured the gene expression profile of seven different transgenic mouse models of HD, representing different conditions and disease stages. These profiles clarified the role of different forms and dosages of the protein hungtintin in the transcriptional activity of neurons. They then designed and implemented novel computational methods for quantifying similarities between RNA profiles that would allow for comparisons between the gene expression in mice and in human patients. “Interestingly, results of different testing strategies converged to show that several available models accurately recapitulate the molecular changes observed in human HD,” explains Luthi-Carter. “It underlines the suitability of these animal models for preclinical testing of drugs that affect gene transcription in Huntington’s Disease.”
EPFL Laboratory of functional neurogenomics, http://lngf.epfl.ch/
Alexandre Kuhn ; +41 21 693 1731
alexandre.kuhn@epfl.ch
Professor Ruth Luthi-Carter; +41 21 693 9533
ruth.luthi-carter@epfl.ch
Contact: Alexandre Kuhn
Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
July 31, 2007 Posted by FMS Global News | Alberta, Baltimore, Barcelona, Bethesda, Calgary, Canada, DNA, France, Genes, Genetic, Genetic Link, Genetics, Genome, Genomic, Germany, Global, Global Health Vision, Global News, Health Canada, Human Genome, Huntington's disease, Italy, Japan, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Newfoundland, News, News Australia, News Canada, News Israel, News Italy, News Jerusalem, News Switzerland, News UK, News US, News USA, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Ottawa, Prince Edward Island, Proteins, Quebec, Research, RSS, RSS Feed, Spain, Toronto, UK, US, Virginia, Washington DC, Washington DC City Feed, World News | Leave a comment
Flip of genetic switch causes cancers in mice to self-destruct, Stanford researchers find
STANFORD, Calif. – Killing cancerous tumors isn’t easy, as anyone who has suffered through chemotherapy can attest. But a new study in mice shows that switching off a single malfunctioning gene can halt the limitless division of tumor cells and turn them back to the path of their own planned obsolescence.
The surprising possibility that a cell’s own natural mechanism for ensuring its mortality could be used to vanquish tumors opens the door to a new approach to developing drugs to treat cancer patients, according to Dean Felsher, MD, PhD, associate professor of medicine (oncology) and of pathology at the Stanford University School of Medicine. Felsher is the senior author of the study to be published July 30 in the advance online version of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
“Our research implies that by shutting off a critical cancer gene, tumor cells can realize that they are broken and restore this physiologic fail-safe program,” said Felsher.
Cancer can be notoriously resistant to medical treatment. Not only do cancer cells proliferate uncontrollably, they somehow circumvent the mechanism that causes normal cells to die when they get old or malfunction. That makes cancer cells effectively immortal unless doctors manage to squelch them.
The gene Felsher’s team studied produces a protein called Myc (pronounced “mick”), which promotes cell division. A mutation of the gene causes cells to overproduce the protein, prompting perpetual cell division and tumor growth. By turning off the mutated gene, the researchers found that not only did uncontrolled cell division cease, but the cells also reactivated a normal physiological mechanism, called senescence, which makes it possible for a cell to eventually die.
“What was unexpected was just the fact that cancer cells had retained the ability to undergo senescence at all,” said Felsher. Cancer researchers had long thought the senescence process had to be irreversibly disrupted for a tumor to develop.
The researchers worked with a series of mice engineered to have Myc-triggered cancers of either the liver, blood or bones, along with a specially constructed version of the Myc gene that they could switch off by feeding the mice antibiotics. When the mice dined on doses of the drugs, invariably, the tumors ceased growing and then diminished, with some disappearing over the course of just a few days.
Although Felsher’s lab had previously shown that mouse tumors diminished and disappeared when Myc was switched off, they hadn’t been sure how the process actually worked. Historically, most research involving genetic methods of battling cancer cells has focused on reactivating genes called tumor-suppressor genes, which are generally overcome by a proliferating cancer. No one had explored the idea that senescence might play a key role in diminishing tumors.
Felsher described senescence as acting like a fail-safe mechanism to stop cancer. When a cell detects a deleterious mutation, it launches the senescence process, resulting in the permanent loss of the cell’s ability to proliferate, thus halting any cancer.
“In order to become tumor cells, those cells have to overcome senescence,” said Chi-Hwa Wu, PhD, postdoctoral researcher in Felsher’s lab and first author of the study. Wu had the inspiration to explore whether the sudden diminishment they had observed in the tumors might be due to the reactivation of some latent remnant of the trigger for senescence.
Through a series of experiments looking at enzymes associated with the senescence process, as well as some molecular markers, Wu confirmed her suspicion. And not only was senescence occurring in cells that had been thought to be incapable of it, the process was reactivated in all the different tumors they studied.
Consider it a cell version of the Jekyll-and-Hyde transformation. “It’s sort of like Mr. Hyde realizing that there’s something wrong with him and then being able to put himself back into his normal state as Dr. Jekyll,” Felsher said.
In addition to the deepened understanding of how the process of senescence works, Felsher and Wu see a lot of potential for new approaches to treating cancer, beyond the traditional tactic of trying to kill cancer cells directly. “This work implies that maybe part of the strategy should involve figuring out how to get the cancer cells to just be allowed to do what they originally wanted to do anyway, which is to not be proliferating endlessly and growing uncontrolled,” said Felsher.
The next step for the team is to see how well the approach works in human cancer cells. “And we’re also trying to figure out what the mechanism is,” Felsher said. “What are the molecular mechanisms of this, so that we can figure out how to better treat cancer””
Other authors on the research paper are Jan van Riggelen, PhD, postdoctoral researcher; Alper Yetil, graduate student in cancer biology; Alice Fan, MD, instructor in medicine (oncology), and medical student Pavan Bachireddy.
The study was funded by the National Cancer Institute, the National Institutes of Health, the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society, the Burroughs Wellcome Fund, the Damon Runyon Lilly Clinical Investigator Award, the Lymphoma Research Foundation and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
Stanford University Medical Center integrates research, medical education and patient care at its three institutions – Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford Hospital & Clinics and Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital at Stanford. For more information, please visit the Web site of the medical center’s Office of Communication & Public Affairs at http://mednews.stanford.edu.
Contact: Lou Bergeron
louisb3@stanford.edu
Stanford University Medical Center
July 31, 2007 Posted by FMS Global News | acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Alberta, Baltimore, Barcelona, Bethesda, Biological Sciences, Calgary, Canada, Cancer, Cancer Biology, Cancer Biology and Therapy, Childhood Lukemia, France, Genes, Genetic, Genetic Link, Genetics, Genome, Genomic, Germany, Global, Global Health Vision, Global News, Health Canada, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Human Genome, Italy, Japan, Leukemia, Medical Journals, Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Newfoundland, News, News Australia, News Canada, News Israel, News Italy, News Jerusalem, News Switzerland, News UK, News US, News USA, NIH, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Osaka, Ottawa, Prince Edward Island, Public Health, Quebec, Research, RSS, RSS Feed, Toronto, UK, US, Virginia, Washington DC, Washington DC City Feed, Wellcome Trust, World News | Leave a comment
New studies on goat milk show it is more beneficial to health than cow milk
-It helps to prevent diseases such as anaemia and bone demineralisation
-UGR researchers have carried out a comparative study on the properties of goat milk compared to those of cow milk. Rats with induced nutritional ferropenic anaemia have been used in the study
-Goat milk helps digestive and metabolic utilisation of minerals such as iron, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium
-Part of the results of this research have been published in the prestigious scientific journals International Dairy Journal and Journal Dairy Science
C@MPUS DIGITAL Research carried out at the Department of Physiology of the University of Granada has revealed that goat milk has more beneficial properties to health than cow milk. Among these properties it helps to prevent ferropenic anaemia (iron deficiency) and bone demineralisation (softening of the bones).
This project, conducted by Doctor Javier Díaz Castro and directed by professors Margarita Sánchez Campos, Mª Inmaculada López Aliaga and Mª José Muñoz Alférez, focuses on the comparison between the nutritional properties of goat milk and cow milk, both with normal calcium content and calcium enriched, against the bioavailability of iron, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium. To carry out this study, the metabolic balance technique has been used both in rats with experimentally induced nutritional ferropenic anaemia and in a control group of rats.
In order to know how the nutritive utilisation of these minerals may affect their metabolic distribution and destination, the UGR researcher has determined the concentration of these minerals in the different organs involved in their homeostatic regulation and different haematological parameters in relation to the metabolism of the minerals.
Better results with goat milk
Results obtained in the study reveal that ferropenic anaemia and bone demineralisation caused by this pathology have a better recovery with goat milk. Due to the higher bioavailability of iron, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium, the restoration of altered haematological parameters and the better levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH), a hormone that regulates the calcium balance in the organism was found in the rats that consumed this food.
Javier Díaz Castro points out that the inclusion of goat milk with normal or double calcium content in the diet “favours digestive and metabolic utilisation of iron, calcium and phosphorus and their deposit in target organs – parts of the organism to which these minerals are preferably sent – involved in their homeostatic regulation”.
According to this researcher, all these conclusions reveal that regular consumption of goat milk – a natural food with highly beneficial nutritional characteristics – “has positive effects on mineral metabolism, recovery from ferropenic anaemia and bone mineralisation in rats. In addition, and unlike observations in cow milk, its calcium enrichment does not interfere in the bioavailability of the minerals studied”.
Although there is no doubt that these findings may be a base for further in depth study of the multiple health benefits of goat milk, the UGR researcher warns that “studies in humans are still required in order to confirm the findings obtained in rats and to promote goat milk consumption both in the general population and in the population affected by nutritional ferropenic anaemia and pathologies related to bone demineralisation”. Part of the results of this research has been published in the prestigious scientific journals International Dairy Journal and Journal Dairy Science.
Reference: Dr Javier Díaz Castro. Department of Physiology of the University of Granada.
Tel.: +34 958248319. Mobile: +34 654574434. Email: javierdc@ugr.es
July 30, 2007 Posted by FMS Global News | Alberta, Baltimore, Barcelona, Bethesda, Biological Sciences, Bone Demineralisation, Bone Diseases, Calgary, Canada, France, Germany, Global, Global Health Vision, Global News, Italy, Japan, Medical History, Medical Journals, Molecular Biology, Newfoundland, News, News Australia, News Canada, News Israel, News Italy, News Jerusalem, News Switzerland, News UK, News US, News USA, NIH, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Nutritional Anthropology, Ottawa, Pennsylvania, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Research, RSS, RSS Feed, Slovakia, Toronto, UK, University of Granada, US, Virginia, Vitamin D, Washington DC, Washington DC City Feed, World News | Leave a comment
Research links genetic mutations to lupus
WINSTON-SALEM, N.C. – A gene discovered by scientists at Wake Forest University School of Medicine has been linked to lupus and related autoimmune diseases. The finding, reported in the current issue of Nature Genetics, is the latest in a series of revelations that shed new light on what goes wrong in human cells to cause the diseases.
“This research is a huge leap toward understanding the cause of lupus and related autoimmune diseases,” said Fred Perrino, Ph.D., a co-author on the paper and a professor of biochemistry at Wake Forest. “There had been few clues before now.”
Perrino, who discovered the gene in 1998, said he suspected it was involved in human disease, but it took a group of researchers from around the world collaborating to put the puzzle together.
“We’ve known that lupus was a complex disease, but now we have a specific protein and a particular cellular process that appears to be one of the causes,” said Perrino. “We’re connecting the dots to understand the biology of what’s going on with the disease.”
In Nature Genetics, lead author Min Ae Lee-Kirsch, M.D., from the Technische Universität Dresden in Dresden, Germany, and colleagues report finding variations of the TREX1 gene discovered by Perrino in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. The study involved 417 lupus patients from the United Kingdom and Germany. Mutations were found in nine patients with lupus and were absent in 1,712 people without lupus.
“Our data identify a stronger risk for developing lupus in patients that carry variants of the gene,” said Lee-Kirsch.
In recent years, the gene was also linked to Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome, a rare neurological disease that causes death in infants, and to chilblain lupus, an inherited disease associated with painful bluish-red skin lesions that occur during cold weather and usually improve in summer. The current research also links it to Sjogren’s syndrome, a form of lupus.
The diseases are all autoimmuine diseases, which means that the body makes antibodies against itself. In lupus, these antibodies cause pain and inflammation in various parts of the body, including the skin, joints, heart, lungs, blood, kidneys and brain. The disease is characterized by pain, heat, redness, swelling and loss of function.
Perrino began studying the protein made by the gene more than 14 years ago.
“We basically cracked open cells to locate the protein and find the gene,” said Perrino. “In the 14 years since, we’ve learned a lot about the protein and how it functions.”
The gene manufactures a protein, also known as TREX1, whose function is to “disassemble” or “unravel” DNA, the strand of genetic material that controls processes within cells. The “unraveling” occurs during the natural process of cells dying and being replaced by new cells. If a cell’s DNA isn’t degraded or unraveled during cell death, the body develops antibodies against it.
“If the TREX1 protein isn’t working to disassemble the DNA, you make antibodies to your own DNA and can end up with a disease like lupus,” said Perrino.
Perrino and colleagues at Wake Forest have been studying the gene and its protein since 1993. Thomas Hollis, Ph.D., an assistant professor of biochemistry at Wake Forest, is credited with solving the structure of both TREX1 and a similar protein, TREX2. Perrino has also developed a way to measure the function of the proteins.
In a study reported in April in the Journal of Biological Chemistry, Hollis and Perrino found that three variations of the gene reduced the activity of the protein by four- to 35,000-fold.
“Now that we have the structure, we can understand how it disassembles DNA and how mutations in the gene may affect that process,” said Hollis.
The researchers hope that understanding more about the gene’s mutations and the structure of the protein may lead to drug treatments to help ensure that mutant copies of the gene are inactive.
Media Contacts: Karen Richardson, krchrdsn@wfubmc.edu; Shannon Koontz, shkoontz@wfubmc.edu; at 336-716-4587.
Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center is an academic health system comprised of North Carolina Baptist Hospital and Wake Forest University Health Sciences, which operates the university’s School of Medicine. U.S. News & World Report ranks Wake Forest University School of Medicine 18th in primary care and 44th in research among the nation’s medical schools. It ranks 35th in research funding by the National Institutes of Health. Almost 150 members of the medical school faculty are listed in Best Doctors in America.
Contact: Karen Richardson
krchrdsn@wfubmc.edu
Fibromyalgia Support
July 29, 2007 Posted by FMS Global News | Alberta, Baltimore, Barcelona, Bethesda, Biological Sciences, Calgary, Canada, Clinical Trials, France, Genes, Genetic, Genetic Link, Genetic Marker C allele of rs10505477, Genetics, Genome, Genomic, Global, Global Health Vision, Global News, Health Canada, Human Genome, Italy, Japan, Lupus, Nature Genetics, Newfoundland, News, News Australia, News Canada, News Israel, News Italy, News Jerusalem, News Switzerland, News UK, News US, News USA, NIH, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Osaka, Ottawa, Prince Edward Island, Public Health, Quebec, Research, RSS, RSS Feed, Slovakia, Spain, Toronto, UK, US, Virginia, Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, WASHINGTON, Washington DC, Washington DC City Feed, World Health Organisation, World News | 1 Comment
Children and young people show elevated leukaemia rates near nuclear facilities
Review covers 136 countries in US, Canada, UK, France, Germany, Japan and Spain
Leukaemia rates in children and young people are elevated near nuclear facilities, but no clear explanation exists to explain the rise, according to a research review published in the July issue of European Journal of Cancer Care.
Researchers at the Medical University of South Carolina carried out a sophisticated meta-analysis of 17 research papers covering 136 nuclear sites in the UK, Canada, France, the USA, Germany, Japan and Spain.
They found that death rates for children up to the age of nine were elevated by between five and 24 per cent, depending on their proximity to nuclear facilities, and by two to 18 per cent in children and young people up to the age of 25.
Incidence rates were increased by 14 to 21 per cent in zero to nine year olds and seven to ten percent in zero to 25 year-olds.
“Childhood leukaemia is a rare disease and nuclear sites are commonly found in rural areas, which means that sample sizes tend to be small” says lead author Dr Peter J Baker.
“The advantage of carrying out a meta-analysis is that it enables us to draw together a number of studies that have employed common methods and draw wider conclusions.”
Eight separate analyses were performed – including unadjusted, random and fixed effect models – and the figures they produced showed considerable consistency.
But the authors point out that dose-response studies they looked at – which describe how an organism is affected by different levels of exposure – did not show excess rates near nuclear facilities.
“Several difficulties arise when conducting dose-response studies in an epidemiological setting as they rely on a wide range of factors that are often hard to quantify” explains Dr Baker. “It is also possible that there are environmental issues involved that we don’t yet understand.
“If the amount of exposure were too low to cause the excess risk, we would expect leukaemia rates to remain consistent before and after the start-up of a nuclear facility. However, our meta-analysis, consistently showed elevated illness and death rates for children and young people living near nuclear facilities.”
The research review looked at studies carried out between 1984 and 1999, focusing on research that provided statistics for individual sites on children and young people aged from zero to 25.
Four studies covered the UK, with a further three covering just Scotland. Three covered France, two looked at Canada and there was one study each from the USA, Japan, Spain, the former East Germany and the former West Germany.
“Although our meta-analysis found consistently elevated rates of leukaemia near nuclear facilities, it is important to note that there are still many questions to be answered, not least about why these rates increase” concludes Dr Baker.
“Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the excess of childhood leukaemia in the vicinity of nuclear facilities, including environmental exposure and parental exposure. Professor Kinlen from Oxford University has also put forward a hypothesis that viral transmission, caused by mixing populations in a new rural location, could be responsible.
“It is clear that further research is needed into this important subject.”
Meta-analysis of standardized incidence and mortality rates of childhood leukaemia in proximity to nuclear facilities. Baker PJ and Hoel D. European Journal of Cancer Care. 16, pages 355-363. July 2007.
The European Journal of Cancer Care provides a medium for communicating multi-professional cancer care across Europe and internationally. The Journal publishes peer-reviewed papers, reviews, reports, features and news, and provides a means of recording lively debate and an exchange of ideas. It is published six times a year by Blackwell Publishing.
Blackwell Publishing is the world’s leading society publisher, partnering with 665 medical, academic, and professional societies. Blackwell publishes over 800 journals and has over 6,000 books in print. The company employs over 1,000 staff members in offices in the US, UK, Australia, China, Singapore, Denmark, Germany and Japan and officially merged with John Wiley & Sons, Inc’s Scientific, Technical and Medical business in February 2007. Blackwell’s mission as an expert publisher is to create long-term partnerships with our clients that enhance learning, disseminate research, and improve the quality of professional practice. For more information on Blackwell Publishing, please visit http://www.blackwellpublishing.com or http://www.blackwell-synergy.com
Contact: Annette Whibley
wizard.media@virgin.net
July 18, 2007 Posted by FMS Global News | Alberta, Baltimore, Barcelona, Bethesda, Calgary, Canada, Cancer, Cancer Biology, Childhood Lukemia, European Journal of Cancer Care, France, Germany, Global, Global Health Vision, Global News, Health Canada, Japan, Leukemia, Newfoundland, News, News Australia, News Canada, News Israel, News Italy, News Jerusalem, News Switzerland, News UK, News US, News USA, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Osaka, Ottawa, Oxford University, Pennsylvania, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, RSS, RSS Feed, Slovakia, Spain, Toronto, UK, US, Virginia, WASHINGTON, Washington DC, Washington DC City Feed, World News | Leave a comment
Poor sleep associated with cognitive decline in elderly women
Disturbed sleep associated with decline in cognition over time; no link with total hours of sleep per night
Women who experienced cognitive decline over a 13 to 15 year period after age 65 were more likely to sleep poorly than women whose cognition did not decline, according to a study led by researchers at the San Francisco VA Medical Center (SFVAMC).
The women’s cognitive decline was associated with interrupted or fitful sleep. Total sleep time per night made no difference, says lead author Kristine Yaffe, MD, chief of geriatric psychiatry at SFVAMC and professor of psychiatry, neurology, epidemiology, and biostatistics at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF).
“This indicates that it’s not how long you sleep, but how well you sleep,” she says.
The study appears in the July 17, 2007 issue of Neurology.
Yaffe speculates that there are three possible explanations for the association between cognitive decline and disturbed sleep. She says the first and most likely reason is that whatever neurodegenerative condition is starting to cause cognitive decline, such as Alzheimer’s disease, is also affecting areas of the brain that govern sleep.
“Sleep is very complex,” notes Yaffe. “It involves a coordinated series of neurologic functions that we don’t entirely understand. It’s not unlikely that early neurodegenerative disease could start having an effect on sleep centers as well.”
Another possibility is that someone who is becoming cognitively impaired is sleeping poorly “because they’re aware of their condition and they’re worried about it.”
Finally, Yaffe says that other factors entirely, such as brain inflammation or genetic changes, might cause both cognitive decline and sleep disturbance at the same time.
The researchers studied 2,474 women who were part of a larger ongoing prospective study of risk factors for osteoporosis that began in 1986. The mean age of the women was 68.9 years at the beginning of the study. Their cognitive health was measured at regular intervals over the course of the study using two standard cognitive tests: the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Trail Making Test, Part B, known as Trails B.
After 13 to 15 years in the study, the women were fitted with an actigraph, a small device worn on the wrist that measures movement and is known from previous studies to be highly accurate in differentiating sleep from wakefulness. The women wore the device for at least three consecutive 24-hour periods.
Women who performed progressively worse on both cognitive tests over time were significantly more likely to have difficulty falling asleep and staying asleep than women whose performance did not decline. Women who performed progressively worse on the Trails B test also napped significantly more during the day.
The association between cognitive decline and poor sleep remained even after the researchers adjusted for a host of other demographic factors such as age, education, depression, exercise, and health status.
“It’s been known for some time that people with cognitive problems often have sleep problems, but those studies have mostly been done on severely demented people in nursing homes,” observes Yaffe. “Ours was the first study to look at the relationship between sleep and cognition in healthy women dwelling in the community who did not have dementia to begin with.”
Yaffe offers several cautions concerning the results of the study. First, men and African-American women were excluded from the original osteoporosis study because both of those groups have low incidence of osteoporotic fractures. Additionally, sleep patterns were measured only once, “so it’s more of a snapshot.”
However, Yaffe says that the research group has received a grant from the National Institutes of Health to continue tracking sleep patterns and cognitive health over time in the same study cohort. “Hopefully, we’ll be able to tell if cognitive changes lead to sleep disturbances, or if the reverse is true, or if they have a common independent cause.”
Co-authors of the paper were Terri Blackwell, MA, of the California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute (CPMCRI); Deborah E. Barnes, PhD, of SFVAMC and UCSF; Sonia Ancoli-Israel, PhD, of the University of California, San Diego and the VA San Diego Healthcare System; and Katie Stone, PhD, of CPMCRI, for the Study of Osteopororic Fractures Group.
The study was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health and the National Institute on Aging.
SFVAMC has the largest medical research program in the national VA system, with more than 200 research scientists, all of whom are faculty members at UCSF.
UCSF is a leading university that advances health worldwide by conducting advanced biomedical research, educating graduate students in the life sciences and health professions, and providing complex patient care.
Contact: Steve Tokar
steve.tokar@ncire.org
University of California – San Francisco
July 16, 2007 Posted by FMS Global News | Alzheimers, Baltimore, Barcelona, Bethesda, Calgary, Global, Global Health Vision, Global News, Health Canada, Irvine, Italy, Japan, Newfoundland, News, News Australia, News Canada, News Israel, News Italy, News Jerusalem, News Switzerland, News UK, News US, News USA, Nova Scotia, Osaka, Ottawa, Pennsylvania, Research, Research Australia, RSS, RSS Feed, Spain, Toronto, University of California, Virginia, Washington DC, Washington DC City Feed, World News | Leave a comment
One man’s junk may be a genomic treasure
Scientists have only recently begun to speculate that what’s referred to as “junk” DNA – the 96 percent of the human genome that doesn’t encode for proteins and previously seemed to have no useful purpose – is present in the genome for an important reason. But it wasn’t clear what the reason was. Now, researchers at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) School of Medicine have discovered one important function of so-called junk DNA.
Genes, which make up about four percent of the genome, encode for proteins, “the building blocks of life.” An international collaboration of scientists led by Michael G. Rosenfeld, M.D., Howard Hughes Medical Investigator and UCSD professor of medicine, found that some of the remaining 96 percent of genomic material might be important in the formation of boundaries that help properly organize these building blocks. Their work will be published in the July 13 issue of the journal Science.
“Some of the ‘junk’ DNA might be considered ‘punctuation marks’ – commas and periods that help make sense of the coding portion of the genome,” said first author Victoria Lunyak, Ph.D., assistant research scientist at UCSD.
In mice, as in humans, only about 4 percent of the genome encodes for protein function; the remainder, or “junk” DNA, represents repetitive and non-coding sequences. The research team studied a repeated genomic sequence called SINE B2, which is located on the growth hormone gene locus, the gene related to the aging process and longevity. The scientists were surprised to find that SINE B2 sequence is critical to formation of the functional domain boundaries for this locus.
Functional domains are stretches of DNA within the genome that contain all the regulatory signals and other information necessary to activate or repress a particular gene. Each domain is an entity unto itself that is defined, or bracketed, by a boundary, much as words in a sentence are bracketed by punctuation marks. The researchers’ data suggest that repeated genomic sequences might be a widely used strategy used in mammals to organize functional domains.
“Without boundary elements, the coding portion of the genome is like a long, run-on sequence of words without punctuation,” said Rosenfeld.
Decoding the information written in “junk” DNA could open new areas of medical research, particularly in the area of gene therapy. Scientists may find that transferring encoding genes into a patient, without also transferring the surrounding genomic sequences which give structure or meaning to these genes, would render gene therapy ineffective.
Contributors to the paper include Lluis Montoliu, Rosa Roy and Angel Garcia-Díaz of the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología in Madrid, Spain; Christopher K. Glass, M.D., Ph.D., UCSD Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine; Esperanza Núñez, Gratien G. Prefontaine, Bong-Gun Ju, Kenneth A. Ohgi, Kasey Hutt, Xiaoyan Zhu and Yun Yung, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, UCSD School of Medicine; and Thorsten Cramer, Division of Endocrinology, UCSD Department of Medicine.
The research was funded in part by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the National Institutes of Health.
Contact: Debra Kain
ddkain@ucsd.edu
University of California – San Diego
July 13, 2007 Posted by FMS Global News | Alberta, Baltimore, Barcelona, Bethesda, Biological Sciences, Calgary, Chile, DNA, Genes, Genetic, Genetics, Genome, Genomic, Global, Global Health Vision, Global News, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Human Genome, Irvine, Italy, Japan, National Institutes of Health, Newfoundland, News, News Australia, News Canada, News Israel, News Italy, News Jerusalem, News Switzerland, News UK, News US, News USA, NIH, Nova Scotia, Osaka, Ottawa, Pennsylvania, Prince Edward Island, Proteins, Quebec, Research, Research Australia, RSS, RSS Feed, Slovakia, Spain, Toronto, UCSD, University of California, Virginia, WASHINGTON, Washington DC, Washington DC City Feed, World News | Leave a comment
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All posts tagged Parliament Hill
Full Text Political Transcripts October 22, 2014: Speaker of the House John Boehner’s Statement on the Attacks at Canada’s Parliament Hill
Boehner Statement on the Attacks in Canada
Source: Speaker Boehner’s Press Office, 10-22-14
WASHINGTON, DC – House Speaker John Boehner (R-OH) issued the following statement offering the House of Representative’s full support to the people of Canada and its government after two days of attacks:
“The House of Representatives sends its strongest support to the Canadian people and to the government and Parliament. While we are still seeking answers as to the motivation and intention of the attacks on Canadian forces and on the Parliament over the last two days, Prime Minister Harper and Speaker Scheer have and will continue to have friends and allies in the U.S. Congress who are prepared to stand shoulder to shoulder with them against our common enemies and who are prepared to move forward in our aims to improve the quality of life and economic opportunities for both our countries.
“Our thoughts and prayers are with the families of the fallen and injured, as well as the families and friends who endured uncertainty today while waiting to receive confirmation that their loved ones were safe. The world is growing more complex and dangerous by the day, but we will not be intimidated by those who seek violence, repression, and fear. Our common cause and fight – dignity and freedom for all – will always persevere, even during the darkest of times.”
Posted in 113th Congress, Canada, Canada, House of Representatives, International Headlines, International Politics, International Politics, John Boehner, Statements & Releases, Terror Attacks
Tagged Canada, John Boehner, National War Memorial, Ottawa, Parliament, Parliament Hill, Stephen Harper, Terrorism, Terrorist Attack
https://historymusings.wordpress.com/2014/10/22/full-text-political-transcripts-october-22-2014-speaker-of-the-house-john-boehners-statement-on-the-attacks-at-canadas-parliament-hill/
Full Text Obama Presidency October 22, 2014: President Barack Obama’s Statement on the Parliament Hill Shooting in Canada — Transcript
Remarks by the President on the Shooting Incident in Canada
Source: WH, 10-22-14
Oval Office
4:00 P.M. EDT
Q Can you say something about Canada?
THE PRESIDENT: Oh, thank you very much. I appreciate — thank you. I had a chance to talk with Prime Minister Harper this afternoon. Obviously, the situation there is tragic. Just two days ago, a Canadian soldier had been killed in an attack. We now know that another young man was killed today. And I expressed on behalf of the American people our condolences to the family and to the Canadian people as a whole.
We don’t yet have all the information about what motivated the shooting. We don’t yet have all the information about whether this was part of a broader network or plan, or whether this was an individual or series of individuals who decided to take these actions. But it emphasizes the degree to which we have to remain vigilant when it comes to dealing with these kinds of acts of senseless violence or terrorism. And I pledged, as always, to make sure that our national security teams are coordinating very closely, given not only is Canada one of our closest allies in the world but they’re our neighbors and our friends, and obviously there’s a lot of interaction between Canadians and the United States, where we have such a long border.
And it’s very important I think for us to recognize that when it comes to dealing with terrorist activity, that Canada and the United States has to be entirely in sync. We have in the past; I’m confident we will continue to do so in the future. And Prime Minister Harper was very appreciative of the expressions of concern by the American people.
I had a chance to travel to the Parliament in Ottawa. I’m very familiar with that area and am reminded of how warmly I was received and how wonderful the people there were. And so obviously we’re all shaken by it, but we’re going to do everything we can to make sure that we’re standing side by side with Canada during this difficult time.
Q What does the Canadian attack mean to U.S. security, Mr. President?
THE PRESIDENT: Well, we don’t have enough information yet. So as we understand better exactly what happened, this obviously is something that we’ll make sure to factor in, in the ongoing efforts that we have to counter terrorist attacks in our country.
Every single day we have a whole lot of really smart, really dedicated, really hardworking people — including a couple in this room — who are monitoring risks and making sure that we’re doing everything we need to do to protect the American people. And they don’t get a lot of fanfare, they don’t get a lot of attention. There are a lot of possible threats that are foiled or disrupted that don’t always get reported on. And the work of our military, our intelligence teams, the Central Intelligence Agency, the intelligence community more broadly, our local law enforcement and state law enforcement officials who coordinate closely with us — we owe them all a great deal of thanks.
Thank you, guys. Appreciate you.
Posted in Canada, Canada, Foreign Policy, International Headlines, International News & Politics, Obama Administration, President Barack Obama, Statements & Releases, Terror Attacks
Tagged Barack Obama, Canada, Josh Earnest, National War Memorial, Ottawa, Parliament, Parliament Hill, Stephen Harper, Terrorism, Terrorist Attack
https://historymusings.wordpress.com/2014/10/22/full-text-obama-presidency-october-22-2014-president-barack-obamas-statement-on-the-parliament-hill-shooting-in-canada-transcript/
Canadian Political Headlines October 22, 2014: Live Blog: Canadian parliament in lockdown after shooting — Timeline
CANADIAN POLITICAL HEADLINES
Canadian parliament in lockdown after shooting
Source: UK Telegraph, 10-22-14
Shooter reported to have been killed after opening fire at National War Memorial and bursting into Parliament…READ MORE
Posted in Canada, International Headlines, International Headlines Topics, International Politics, International Politics, Political Headlines, Terror Attacks
Tagged National War Memorial, Ottawa, Parliament, Parliament Hill, Stephen Harper, Terrorism, Terrorist Attack
https://historymusings.wordpress.com/2014/10/22/canadian-political-headlines-october-22-2014-live-blog-canadian-parliament-in-lockdown-after-shooting-timeline/
Full Text Obama Presidency October 22, 2014: Readout of US President Barack Obama’s Call to Prime Minister Stephen Harper of Canada — Transcript
Readout of US President Barack Obama’s Call to Prime Minister Stephen Harper of Canada
President Obama spoke by phone with Prime Minister Stephen Harper to express the American people’s solidarity with Canada in the wake of attacks on Canadian Forces in Quebec on October 20 and in Ottawa on October 22. President Obama condemned these outrageous attacks, reaffirmed the close friendship and alliance between our people. The President offered any assistance Canada needed in responding to these attacks. Prime Minister Harper thanked the President and the two leaders discussed the assault and agreed to continue coordination between our governments moving forward.
Posted in Canada, Canada, Foreign Policy, International Headlines, International Headlines Topics, International News & Politics, International Politics, International Politics, Obama Administration, President Barack Obama, Statements & Releases, Terror Attacks
Tagged Barack Obama, Canada, National War Memorial, Ottawa, Parliament, Parliament Hill, Stephen Harper, Terrorism, Terrorist Attack
https://historymusings.wordpress.com/2014/10/22/full-text-obama-presidency-october-22-2014-readout-of-us-president-barack-obamas-call-to-prime-minister-stephen-harper-of-canada-transcript/
Full Text Obama Presidency October 22, 2014: White House Press Secretary Josh Earnest’s Statement on the Tragic Shootings in Ottawa, Canada at Parliament Hill — Transcript
On the Tragic Shootings in Ottawa, Canada
White House Press Secretary Josh Earnest made the following statement in response to the shootings in Ottawa, Canada this morning, when a Canadian soldier was shot in the wake of another attack in Quebec earlier this week:
“The thoughts and prayers of everybody here at the White House go out to the families of those who were affected by today’s shooting in Canada, as well as to the family of the soldier who was killed earlier this week. The President was briefed earlier today in the Oval Office by his top homeland security advisor, Lisa Monaco. The details about the nature of this event are still sketchy, which is not unusual in a chaotic situation like this one.
“Canada is one of the closest friends and allies of the United States. And from issues ranging from the strength of our NATO alliance, to the Ebola response, to dealing with ISIL, there’s a strong partnership and friendship and alliance between the United States and Canada. The United States strongly values that relationship, and that relationship makes the citizens of this country safer.
“Officials inside the U.S. government have been in close touch with their Canadian counterparts today to offer assistance. That includes officials here in the White House. We have been in touch with the Canadians about arranging a phone call between the President and Prime Minister Harper, at the Prime Minister’s earliest convenience.”
Posted in Canada, Canada, Foreign Policy, International Headlines, International Politics, International Politics, Obama Administration, President Barack Obama, Terror Attacks, White House Press Secretary
https://historymusings.wordpress.com/2014/10/22/full-text-obama-presidency-october-22-2014-white-house-press-secretary-josh-earnests-statement-on-the-tragic-shootings-in-ottawa-canada-at-parliament-hill-transcript/
Canadian Political Headlines October 22, 2014: Terror Attack in Canada — Shooting on Parliament Hill
Soldier shot outside of Parliament, one gunman ‘killed,’ but ‘multiple shooters suspected
Source: National Post, 10-22-14
A soldier was shot at the National War Memorial by an unknown assailant Wednesday morning and there are reports of 30 to 50 shots of gunfire inside the halls of Parliament….READ MORE
Posted in Canada, International Headlines, International Headlines Topics, Terror Attacks
Tagged National War Memorial, Ottawa, Parliament, Parliament Hill, Terrorism, Terrorist Attack
https://historymusings.wordpress.com/2014/10/22/canadian-political-headlines-october-22-2014-terror-attack-in-canada-shooting-on-parliament-hill/
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Israel extends intelligence document classification period to 90 years
February 6, 2019 by Joseph Fitsanakis Leave a comment
The government of Israel has increased to 90 years the period during which documents belonging to intelligence and security agencies can remain secret, extending it by 20 years. Until last month, government documents produced by Israeli spy agencies, such as its external spy organization, the Mossad, or its domestic security agency, the Shin Bet, could remain hidden from public view for up to 70 years. Last year, however, the administration of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu commissioned a study into the possibility of extending the classification period for such documents. Israel’s Supreme Council of Archives, a body within the Israel State Archives that advises the Office of the Prime Minister on matters of classification, recommended against extending the classification period by more than five years.
Last month, however, Netanyahu rejected the recommendation of the Supreme Council of Archives and managed to pass an amendment to the classification regulations that will keep documents secret for 90 years from now on. The existence of the amendment was revealed publicly for the first time on Monday of this week. In addition to agencies such as the Mossad and the Shin Bet, the extended regulation will also apply to several cyber-oriented military units, as well as to government-run research institutes and commissions, including the Israel Institute for Biological Research and the Israel Atomic Energy Commission. The Israeli newspaper Ha’aretz, which published news of the amended regulation on Tuesday, said that documents from 1949, the year that the Shin Bet and the Mossad were founded, would normally have been published this year. But now they will remain hidden from public view until 2039. Documents relating to more recent cases, such as the death of Ben Zygier, Mossad’s so-called ‘prisoner X’, or the assassination of Hamas arms procurer Mahmoud al-Mabhouh in Dubai, which took place in 2010, will not be released until 2100.
The office of President Netanyahu said on Monday that the goal of the amendment was to protect Israel’s assets and informants who remain alive, or their descendants in foreign countries. It added that many documents produced by Israel’s spy agencies described operational methods that were “still in use today” and could therefore “harm national security”. Last but not least, said the Prime Minister’s Office, some of the information in classified documents “could harm Israel’s foreign relations”. The statement did not elaborate on these claims.
► Author: Joseph Fitsanakis | Date: 06 February 2019 | Permalink
Filed under A specialized intelligence website written by experts Tagged with declassification, government secrecy, intelligence classification, Israel, Supreme Council of Archives (Israel)
Uproar as UK government classifies details of weapon expert’s death
January 26, 2010 by intelNews 2 Comments
Dr. David Kelly
Public speculation over the alleged suicide of UK biological weapons expert Dr. David Kelly is bound to increase, after a senior state official secretly ordered that details of his death be kept secret for 70 years. Dr. Kelly, a British Ministry of Defense scientist, who had been employed by the United Nations as a weapons inspector, caused a major stir by becoming one of the sources of a 2003 BBC report disputing the British government’s claim that Iraq could deploy chemical or biological weapons at 45 minutes’ notice. He was later called to appear before a Parliamentary committee investigating the government’s claims about Iraq’s purported ‘weapons of mass destruction’. But on July 18, 2003, four days after appearing before the committee, Dr. Kelly’s was found dead at a wooded area near his home. Read more of this post
Filed under A specialized intelligence website written by experts Tagged with BBC, biological weapons, British Houses of Parliament, David Kelly, government secrecy, intelligence classification, Iraq War, Iraq weapons of mass destruction, Lord Hutton, News, scientific intelligence, suicides, suspicious deaths, UK, UK Ministry of Defence
News you may have missed #0159
October 29, 2009 by intelNews Leave a comment
US Congress wants to change locks in document safes. Some Congress members have revived “a decade-old debate” on replacing security locks on government safes for storing classified documents with new electromechanical locking mechanisms. According to one independent security consultant, existing mechanical locks in classified document safes “can be penetrated surreptitiously within 20 minutes”, and older barlock containers still in use “can be penetrated within seconds”.
A US spy in wartime Ireland. The interesting story of Major Martin S. Quigley, one of three US spies sent by the Office of Strategic Services (OSS, CIA’s forerunner) to Ireland, on a mission to find out whether the country’s government, which was officially neutral in the War, was actually siding with Nazi Germany.
Filed under A specialized intelligence website written by experts Tagged with CIA, document storage, espionage, Germany, history, intelligence classification, Ireland, lock picking, Martin S. Quigley, News, news you may have missed, OSS, United States, US Congress, World War II
DNI nominee advocates major overhaul of US intelligence classification rules
January 27, 2009 by intelNews Leave a comment
Dennis Blair
Confirmation hearings for retired US Navy Admiral Dennis Cutler Blair, who is expected to succeed Mike McConnel as Director of National Intelligence (DNI), have already begun on the Hill. Last week, Admiral Blair was questioned by several Senators about the classification system for intelligence records, which is frequently the subject of criticism by open government advocates. In responding, Mr. Blair conceded that “[t]here is a great deal of over-classification, some of [which] is done for the wrong reasons, to try to hide things from the light of day”. His remark prompted Senator Sheldon Whitehouse (D-RI) to relay his personal experience, which “is that over and over and over again, we have seen official secrecy used not for national security purposes, but to mislead the public”. Read more of this post
Filed under A specialized intelligence website written by experts Tagged with Bill Clinton, Dennis Cutler Blair, DNI, government secrecy, intelligence classification, intelligence oversight, News, Sheldon Whitehouse
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Talk3
I had a funny little Tandy 1100 FD laptop when I came to college...no hard drive, just a 720K floppy, but it was good for taking notes because it had a decent little text processor hardwired in. R. and I had a series of "silent conversations", taking turns typing alternative paragraphs. This was one of the first ones. The first paragraph is by me, I've italicized what she wrote.
Veronika was a German foreign exchange student I went out with my Junior year of high school, the subject of the fictional Cafe at Night that I wrote in the English class R. and I were sharing this semester.
Jeez. I guess I was acting pretty darn miserable yesterday and the day before. That Veronika thing really threw me for a loop. But I figured out a big part of it was the fact that she was coming IN TWO DAYS, and I had to had everything ready by then. (I get a call. "Kirk, guess where I am. New York City." Not some small town with an awesome brand of local beer, whose name I can't pronounce in a far off land, not a thriving metropolis that was the sight of a major battle in a World War, half a day away by plane, but NEW YORK CITY, the Big Apple, the City that Never Sleeps, a scant four hours away by automobile. ) But now I think I may be starting to get a grip.
The more I think about it, the more I realize I've probably way overromanticized that particular time. It was a good time, don't get me wrong, and things tended to confuse me much less than they do now, but it wasn't some Nirvana de Ohio, some Garden of Euclid. And now there's Thomas. Lucky guy, that Thomas. Probably whispers beautiful sweet nothings in her ear, in German, which is no easy task. God, I know I've gone on and had good, full relationships since then so it's a good thing she has too, but still. And yes, any hope of continuing a relationship that had only 4 months into eternity over an ocean was pollyanna to say the least. But still. But still. But still.
I guess I can sympathize a bit. I know the feeling of love lost, never to be regained, but the fact is, there are worlds yet to be discovered. There is a lifetime ahead of you, full of interesting people and places, many of which you'll fall in love with. The nice thing about love is that even if you aren't with a particuar person when you NEED to be close to them, the love is still there. And the love doesn't have to be restricted to one person. What is the thing you have more of the more you give away? Love is silly that way. The more people you can hold in your heart at once, the happier you'll be. And chances are that one of those people will be near enough so you can show them you care. Perhaps this is the psycho-babble of my weird mind, is sounds confused when I reread it, but perhaps the general intent is coming across. Is it?
Yeah i think it is 'cause what you're saying rings true. All of this I know. But it's still very very confusing. I'm really looking forward to talking to Veronika, though. There are so many things that it would be really good for me to know. I think the relationship we shared that summer was probably the first one I experienced that was satisfying mentally, physically, and emotionally. That probably plays a big part in the `Pedestal-ization' of Veronika in my mind. Or maybe that it just seemed really cool to be going out with someone from another country. I think an important thing for me to sort out will be how big of a role all the relatively unimportant stuff played in the `pedestal-ization' process.
Not really. Though I am sorry if I've been difficult to put up with recently. Although I believe it is best to be happy a vast majority of the time, occasionally I feel it's important to know what it's like not to be happy, and to learn to explore the feelings and emotions in the other end of the spectrum.
To write, perchance to stick my foot in my mouth... What to tell you? I think love is the worst and the best thing that can happen to you. The terrible thing about it is the WANTING that invades your thoughts. That's something I have an awful time dealing with. Losing someone you love is also pretty tough, but it hasn't happened to me in a long time; I barely remember what the hurt is like. I remember one literally sleepless night I had, the worst ache in my chest I can remember, but it's never been as bad since then.
The nice stuff about love is pretty obvious, why even go into it, but the hurt which often comes afterwards seems to me not to justify the endevour.
I think the way I justify not wanting to fall in love with people is to pretend I'm looking for the perfect someone to make me happy. I should realize that happiness won't ever be made for me, only by me.
The hurt that comes afterward can be bad. But I'd hate to think of anybody living in an endless and eternal land of dull grays, never risking the pain and hurt in order to taste the joys that life can hold. (*PROSE OVERLOAD WARNING*) Someone once said something (O God, was it one of the dear old Romantics?) about Sucking the Marrow Out of Life, and that's the way I think life should be lived. In regards to love, I think maybe it's best to try lots of relationships, being ready to acknowledge the fact that they might end in sorrow, but always hoping for the one that not even death could end. (O Jeez, Now I'm sounding like `Princess Bride')
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famous clarinet players
This article talks mentions some of the best clarinet players in the world. These names are always remembered when you talk about this musical instrument.
Clarinet is a musical instrument which belongs to the woodwind (it is a musical instrument which produces sound when you blow wind in it) family. There are over a dozen types of clarinets in this world. It was first invented by Johann Christoph Denner from Germany in the 18th century. Since then the clarinet has been widely used in jazz and musical concerts all around the world. A person who plays a clarinet is a clarinetist. There are two types of clarinet players - those who play classical music and those who play jazz or modern music in a band. There are some clarinet players who play both classical and modern music such as Bill Smith. Popular Clarinet Players
Barney Bigard
Johnny Dodds
Don Byron
Elysia Clapin (granddaughter of Benny Goodman)
Larry Shields
Pee Wee Russell
Pete Fountain
Irving Fazola
Larry Combs
Frederick Thurston
Sabine Meyer
David Shifrin
Jack Brymer
Richard Muhlfeld
Anton Stadler
Acker Bilk
Woody Herman
John Helliwell
Famous Clarinetists Anton Stadler: Perhaps one of the most famous clarinet performers, Stadler's playing inspired Mozart to write many of his compositions. He was like a mentor to Mozart. Carl Baermann: Carl was a famous clarinet player and was Heinrich Baermann's son. Today he is popularly known as a music professor and an author of clarinet book that most of the students studying music use. He has helped in improving the mechanics of the clarinet. Karl Leister: One of the most famous clarinet players of Germany, Karl has the most number of clarinet recordings in German music. Karl has also played with Karajan for almost 30 years. His recordings are always a delight to hear. Sharon Kam: She was born in Israel and won a scholarship of the Jewish-American cultural society at the age of 12 and has since been performing concerts all around the world. She resides in Germany and is a perfect example of a modern flexible clarinet player who can adapt to different styles when required, rather than playing in the same fashion. Benny Goodman: He is a Jewish-American clarinet player, who started as a jazz musician, but became a famous name in the world of clarinet music. He has made some new recordings of classical works in his own style. Famous Clarinet Composers Sergej Prokofiev: This name defines modern Russian music. He wrote modern musical pieces in early 1900's, and are still played today. He was convinced that Russian music needed some transformation. He wrote the most famous clarinet tune "Peter and the Wolf". Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: Regarded as the most talented and the most famous clarinet music composers of all time, Mozart lived in a time when clarinet music was still new. In 1780 clarinet became his most favorite musical instrument. He wrote the most famous clarinet concertos for his infamous friend Anton Stadler. Karl M. V. Weber: After Mozart, the most famous clarinet composer was Weber. Weber knew more about the intricacies of the musical instrument than anyone else. This makes his concertos so successful. Francis Poulenc: Poulenc was a member of the group "Six". He had a radical approach towards modern music. His works are popular among many clarinet students. Though his pieces were never popular, he will always be known as a great composer. Aaron Copland: A Jewish musician, Copland was a student of Rubin Goldmark in New York and Nadia Boulanger in Paris. He wrote musical pieces for both classical music, and jazz. He also wrote a composition for Benny Goodman which is regarded as a classic piece of music. Well, there are many more famous clarinet players and composers that I haven't mentioned, which doesn't make them any less important. If you think I should have added some more names, do comment to let us know.
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Sasa Kamaboko
When one thinks of Japan’s food culture, as a nation surrounded by the sea, one cannot help but think of fish. There are fisheries from north to south all across the nation, with a variety of fish caught throughout the seasons – and a matching variety of cooking methods to suit each region’s unique traditions.
One cooking technique is kamaboko, which adds seasoning to minced white-fleshed fish, after which it is cooked by steaming, baking or another method. While its shape, taste, and texture vary from region to region, kamaboko is prized as a delicious, healthy and traditional dish that makes the most of the fish’s nutrients.
WIthin this tradition, Miyagi Prefecture boasts the largest production and consumption of Sasa Kamaboko. The prefecture is blessed with vast fishing grounds just off of the Sanriku Coast, for many years a source of large quantities of sea bream, flounder, salmon and other staple fish.
There are a number of hypotheses regarding the origins of Miyagi’s Sasa Kamaboko, but according to one theory, it started when abundant catches of flounder continued in the early Meiji Period (1868-1912), and a kamaboko shop in Sendai City beat minced flounder by hand, shaped the fish inside bamboo leaves, and baked them to preserve them and promote consumption of flounder. With sasa being the word for bamboo grass, Sasa Kamaboko was born. As to why the dish took the shape of a bamboo leaf, according to one theory, it’s said that it was inspired by the bamboo leaf in the family crest of the Date clan, which controlled Miyagi and Iwate Prefectures during the Edo Period (1603-1868).
Miyagi’s Sasa Kamaboko is a popular treat that brings out the the best in a fish’s flavor. It’s also a popular souvenir, so if you ever visit Miyagi Prefecture be sure to hunt some down!
Photo by KANEZAKI Co., Ltd.
S-PAL Sendai
1-1-1 Chuo Aoba-ku Sendai City Miyagi Prefecture
http://www.s-pal.jp/sendai/english/
Food Kingdom Miyagi
Dila Sendai Building 1-1-1 Chuo Aoba-ku Sendai City Miyagi Prefecture
http://www.ekipara.com/html/Indication/ShopHtml/DI000SND_033.html
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It’s true, our success is based on our partnerships. Joining Dolly’s vision, key partners have come together with a selfless spirit and common passion to make the Imagination Library possible for millions of children. Many of these partners have traveled with us as the Imagination Library has grown from a small program serving Dolly’s hometown to an internationally recognized effort that mails millions of books to children each year. Whether new or old, the Imagination Library wouldn’t be possible without these committed partners. We proudly work with:
OPERATIONAL PARTNERS
Endeavour Foundation
Endeavour Foundation supports United Way Australia to distribute Dolly Parton’s Imagination Library books each month. Operating for more than 60 years in Australia, Endeavour Foundation supports people with a disability to have the choices of an ordinary life in the community. This is made possible with a wide range of services including learning and lifestyle programs, employment, accommodation and in-home support, tertiary education and vocational training. At Endeavour Foundation’s mailing centre in Geebung employees with a disability enjoy knowing they can boost child literacy by packing and mailing the Dolly Parton Imagination Library books each month.
Little more than 10 years after Allen Lane published the first Penguins in the UK, the Australian company was established in a tin shed in South Melbourne, Victoria in 1946.
At Penguin Random House we believe every child has the right to literacy and learning. We strongly support those charities who give disadvantaged children the opportunity of education, which they may not otherwise have.
GROWTH PARTNERS
Paint the Town REaD
Paint the Town REaD aims is to encourage all levels of the community to support the development of children’s early literacy skills from birth, so that they will be ready for reading and writing at school. Paint the Town REaD, at both central and local group levels, is a partner with Imagination Library, working to ensure that once the Imagination Library books are delivered to a child’s home they will be read.
Rotary is a diverse group of professionals who meet weekly to exchange ideas and serve their communities. In Australia, more than 30,000 Rotarians support service projects in their 1,125 communities. Together, as members of local Rotary clubs, they join the more than 1.2 million members in over 34,000 clubs in nearly every country to implement creative solutions facing communities worldwide.
As a global organisation, Save the Children gives a powerful voice to children and champions their rights, directly reaching more than 50 million children in over 120 countries. In Australia, the focus is on helping to ensure that every child gets a healthy start in life, an education and the chance at a better future. Save The Children is a national community partner with United Way, supporting Dolly Parton’s Imagination Library programs in several locations across Australia, from some of the remotest areas of the country to metropolitan hubs in capital cities where some of the most vulnerable children live. Save the Children
Tamworth Regional Council
Tamworth Regional Council, one of the biggest councils in inland New South Wales with over 58,000 residents, is the country music capital of Australia and sister city to Nashville. With a strong commitment to the health and wellbeing of all its residents, the Council is an innovator in the early learning space making a significant impact on the future of the youngest residents in the Tamworth Local Government Area. By partnering with United Way’ and the Dolly Parton Imagination Library program, Council is helping to fund the development of early learning and literacy skills of all children born in Tamworth, ultimately enabling these children to start school ready to learn.
United Way Australia
United Way Australia is a registered not for profit focused on mobilising the caring power of communities to support individuals in need. We place particular emphasis on the areas of Education, Financial Stability and Health – the building blocks of a quality life. We have been operating as a network across Australia for over 60 years and are proud to bring Dolly Parton’s Imagination Library to Australian children as a way to ensure all kids start school ready to Read Learn Succeed. You can find out more about United Way Australia via www.unitedway.com.au.
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Ella J. Baker
(Redirected from Ella Baker)
1 In Friendship
2 Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
3 Match-making for MLK
4 Hard Times Conference
5 Guardian
6 Peoples Alliance Founding Conference Sponsors
Ella J. Baker was born in 1903 in Norfolk, Virginia. She became involved in political activism in the 1930s. She organized the Young Negroes Cooperative League in New York City, and later became a national director for the NAACP. In 1957, Baker joined the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, whose first president was Martin Luther King, Jr. She also worked with the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee to support civil rights activism on college campuses. Baker died in New York City in 1986.
In Friendship
Taliba O Njeri March 1, 2010 ·
In 1956 Ella Baker, Bayard Rustin, and Stanley Levison established In Friendship, an organization dedicated to raising money to support the struggle in the South. She moved to Atlanta, Georgia, the following year to organize Martin Luther King, Jr.'s newly formed Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) and to run the Crusade for Citizenship, a voter registration campaign. Baker stayed at SCLC for two years, but she never accepted its policy of favoring strong central leadership over local, grassroots politics.
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee was an organization of the American Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s that came to be after several student meetings led by Ella Baker at Shaw University in Raleigh, North Carolina in April 1960.
Sit-ins, like the much-famed Woolworth sit-in in Greensboro in 1960, inspired many and galvanized a broader movement across the South. The Southern Christian Leadership Coalition, the NAACP and countless other organizations proliferated throughout the South, creating a broad network of organizers.
Baker was instrumental in the creation of the Southwide Youth Leadership Conference at her alma mater. The conference, held over the Easter holiday of 1960, "proved to be both powerful and productive". SNCC was born out of the conference and within it were two very powerful contingents: a wing devoted to direct action and a wing devoted to voter registration and the enfranchisement of hundreds of thousands of Black people across the United States.
SNCC sought to differentiate itself from the SCLC and the NAACP, and it did. SNCC was the vanguard within the southern Civil Rights movement, taking on greater risks than many other organizations. Freedom riders risked life and limb, entering the most dangerous pro-Jim Crow Deep South, fighting segregation and confronting violent opposition at the hands of racist police, FBI and residents.
By the mid-1960s, SNCC was not only combating oppression on the front lines in public spaces, but also organizing labor unions and political parties to fight the racist Southern Democratic or Dixiecrat machine. These activities further strengthened organizing in the South and paved the way for different factions of the group to go on to fight important battles there.[1]
Match-making for MLK
Ella Baker and her fellow African-American civil-rights activist Bayard Rustin introduced secret Communist Party USA member Stanley Levison to Martin Luther King, Jr.. A special relationship developed; from the late 1950s until King's death, in 1968, it was without a doubt King's closest friendship with a white person. In December of 1956 and January of 1957 Levison served as Rustin's primary sounding board as Rustin drew up the founding-agenda documents for what came to be called the Southern Christian Leadership Conference[2].
Like Rustin, Levison, and Baker, King and a network of his southern African-American ministerial colleagues hoped that the SCLC could leverage the success of the Montgomery bus boycott into a South-wide attack on segregation and racial discrimination.
Hard Times Conference
In 1976 Ella Baker, representing the Mass Party Organizing Committee and the Puerto Rican Solidarity Committee attended the Weather Underground and Prairie Fire Organizing Committee organized Hard Times Conference Jan 30 - Feb 1 at the University of Chicago.[3].
In March 1979, the New York radical magazine the Guardian issued an emergency appeal to funds in an effort to save the publication.
Over fifty supporters endorsed the appeal including Ella J. Baker[4]
Peoples Alliance Founding Conference Sponsors
The names of a few people who sponsored the "National Strategy Meeting", Nov. 9-11, 1979 that created the Peoples Alliance were listed in the October 5, 1979, Vol. XII, #20 issue of Information Digest in a brief blurb style article "Peoples Alliance".
Named sponsors included Ella Baker.
↑ in North Carolina: The Birth of SNCC, Published Jul 1, 2012 10:20 PM, By Durham Branch Workers World Party
↑ http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200207/garrow
↑ Outlaws in Amerika, West Goals 1982, Pg33-35
↑ Guardian March 2 1979
Retrieved from "https://keywiki.org/index.php?title=Ella_J._Baker&oldid=449851"
Mass Party Organizing Committee
Puerto Rican Solidarity Committee
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Home Zimbabwe Imagine a Zimbabwe without Robert Mugabe
Imagine a Zimbabwe without Robert Mugabe
Robert Mugabe may well be a powerful men, but his power has always been derived by those that backed him, more significantly the war veterans and the military. Now that they have deserted him, the nonagenarian is there for the taking - vulnerable and stuck in no man's land.
In Zimbabwe, change is in the air. Mugabe’s enemies, and even his friends, are beginning to plan for a future without him in charge. But what does this future look like? And who will shape it? In a long-form feature, SIMON ALLISON reports from Harare.
Imagine a Zimbabwe without Robert Mugabe.
Go on, try it. Who’s in charge? How did they get there? Is it different? Is it better?
John Lennon was wrong: it’s not easy, even if you try.
No one knows what a Zimbabwe without Robert Mugabe looks like, because there has never been a Zimbabwe without him. The country’s wagon has been hitched so firmly and for so long to their overbearing dictator that to imagine a post-Mugabe future is to leap into the unknown.
The dream is of a Promised Land free from his vices: the corruption and the cronyism, the narcissism and the violence, the wilful misrule that has crippled what is probably Africa’s most enterprising and best-educated nation.
But this is not the Promised Land, if such a thing exists; it is Zimbabwe, and that post-Mugabe future is nearly here. The answers that Zimbabwe needs – and needs quickly – must be grounded in pragmatism and the knowledge that a 36-year dictatorship cannot disappear overnight.
Underlying the urgency is simple biology. Mugabe must die, and there’s no time like the present. He is sick, he is tired, he is visibly unfit to perform basic functions of state. In cabinet meetings, he is lucid in short periods, and fast asleep in others. He cannot walk unaided. He shits his pants.
And even if he somehow clings onto life, the 2018 election clock is ticking. Can he really lead another election campaign in this condition? This, surely, must be the end of his political career, and that’s what all of Zimbabwe’s power brokers are planning for.
In the Gospel According to Bob, we’ve reached the End Times. What comes next will be written by someone else. But who?
The small town of Norton, about half an hour and several roadblocks away from the Harare city centre, might provide a clue. This is solid Zanu-PF territory, and a recent by-election was expected to send the ruling party candidate to Parliament without too much fuss. Nonetheless, Zanu-PF was not taking any chances. Local youths were promised land in exchange for beating and harassing opposition supporters, while senior officials were wheeled out at rallies to inspire the faithful.
It wasn’t enough. In an electoral upset every bit as shocking as Donald Trump’s victory in the US, independent candidate Temba Mliswa defeated Zanu’s Ronald Chindedza by 7,000 votes. For the ruling party, this was more than a bloody nose; it was a humiliation, the embarrassment even more acute because Robert Mugabe’s home village is in the next district.
Zanu-PF was beaten on its own turf, on its own terms. Voters are wising up to tired old tactics: the intimidation didn’t work, the land bribes didn’t work, the celebrity appearances didn’t work. Intense scrutiny from civil society (possible for small votes, much more difficult on a national scale) meant the numbers could not be rigged.
This is, in microcosm, a model for how Zanu-PF can be beaten in an election.
Except that the successful challenger, Mliswa, is not quite the breath of fresh air that Mugabe’s opponents are hoping for. He is an old Zanu hand, with a nasty reputation for thuggery. In fact, in a bid to discredit him ahead of the by-election, prominent businessman and ruling party supporter Phillip Chiyangwa said Mliswa’s “hands are full of blood”, and that Mliswa was responsible for “raping and killing” opposition supporters.
This criticism is remarkable for its sheer brazenness: in castigating Mliswa for violently intimidating the opposition, Chiyangwa is also freely admitting that the ruling party doesviolently intimidate its opponents.
The plot gets even thicker. Mliswa is a protégé of none other than Vice-President Emmerson Mnangagwa, leader of the Lacoste faction within Zanu-PF (so named because Mnangagwa’s nom de guerre is ‘The Crocodile’, which is also the logo of the Lacoste fashion brand). And even though Mliswa was kicked out of the party – it was claimed he was involved in attempts to oust Mugabe – he remains close with Mnangagwa.
Mliswa’s rival in Norton, Chindedza, is connected with the G40 wing of the party, which is led by Mugabe’s wife, Grace, and local government minister Saviour Kasukuwere. So even as Mnangagwa was publicly campaigning on Chindedza’s behalf, he was secretly pulling strings to ensure Mliswa’s victory. In other words, this wasn’t necessarily a defeat for Zanu-PF, but it was a major setback for G40 – and an impressive show of strength from Mnangagwa.
Not that he deserves all the credit. Although the largest opposition party, Morgan Tsvangirai’s wing of the Movement for Democratic Change (MDC-T), did not field a candidate, they did throw their weight behind Mliswa. “The MDC should actually get credit. We campaigned for Mliswa and our youths were on the ground with him urging people to vote,” said a party spokesperson.
And here we have our first glimpse of the kind of messy compromises required to navigate Zimbabwe’s post-Mugabe future: in Norton, a former ruling party apparatchik defeats the ruling party’s official candidate, helped by an uneasy alliance between the official opposition and the man who has for years led Zanu’s attempts to brutally crush that same opposition. For now, their interests converge, but for how much longer?
Linda Masirira is wracked with self-doubt. She can’t see the future either, but she is nervous about what it might hold.
Masarira is an activist, and has suffered for it. She’s been fired four times from four different jobs for speaking out about poor working conditions, and was this year was arrested for attempting to occupy Africa Unity Square, a Harare landmark, to “demand an end to Zimbabwe’s cycle of national failure and suffering”. She spent 84 days in jail, much of it in solitary confinement in a men’s maximum security facility, before being released on bail.
Since her release, she’s been living a half-life, flitting from safe house to safe house in an attempt to stay ahead of the government thugs she worries are out to get her. She misses her five kids, and she carries an emergency bag always, just in case she ends up back in prison. In it is toothpaste, a toothbrush, a change of clothes and a copy of the Zimbabwean constitution, so she can at least point to her rights, even as they are being violated.
Masarira is part of a new breed of political activists in Zimbabwe. They are disenchanted with official political structures, both government and opposition, and are determined to do things differently, by creating social movements that will galvanise ordinary Zimbabweans to fight for their rights. Most prominent among their number is Pastor Evan Mawarire, who shot to fame earlier this year when his #ThisFlag movement went viral.
Capitalising on Pastor Mawarire’s sudden fame, social movements were able to draw a crowd of thousands to the Harare Magistrate’s Court to support him when he was arrested, which played a crucial role in forcing the judge to uphold the letter of the law. This kind of mass protest is unprecedented in Zimbabwe’s recent history, and suggested that people power might succeed in toppling Mugabe where political processes have failed.
Since then, however, the movement has struggled to maintain its momentum. Partly, this is by design, with leaders focusing on gathering support in the rural areas which have always been Zanu-PF’s heartland. Partly, however, the movement has struggled to remain unified in the face of widespread intimidation, and Pastor Mawarire’s departure deprived it of a charismatic figurehead.
Fearing for his life, Mawarire fled to the United States shortly after his release from prison. His decision, although understandable, wasn’t popular among his peers who have stayed to face the music. “Pastor Evan is not brave enough,” she observes, sadly. “You can’t run away from the struggle.”
But she’s not even sure the struggle is working. “This country is like throwing wheat up in the air. You just don’t know where the wind is going to take it. Maybe we’ll end up like Libya or Egypt. We push for change and end up in a worse situation.”
One problem is resources: she, along with other social movement leaders like Promise Mkwananzi from Tajamuka and Sten Zvorwadza from the National Vendors Union, simply doesn’t have any money. Mkwananzi claims that Tajamuka, probably Zimbabwe’s most successful youth organisation, has operated on a budged of just $2,500 this year (Zanu-PF, in contrast, organises fund-raising dinners that cost up to $100,000 a table). “We face a resource issue in getting to the people. Only about 10%-15% of Zimbabweans are online. For the others, we have to go to the rural areas, to the ghettoes. But this costs.”
Aside from the money, there are also trust issues. As their threat to the regime grows, so do attempts to coerce and intimidate activists. “Everyone is suspecting everyone,” said Masarira. It’s not a recipe for the unity which she knows Zimbabwe needs.
Divide-and-rule is, of course, the basis for the longevity of Mugabe’s rule. Witness the eternal faction-fighting within Zanu-PF, with no faction ever strong enough to seize outright control. Witness the multiple fractures of the MDC, which has too often left the opposition fractured and inchoate, and unable to take on the regime effectively.
“We have to find ways of working together. If we try to eliminate each other’s campaigns, we disenfranchise ourselves and lose the hold we have on government,” says Masarira. She’s right. How Zimbabwe’s opposition unites will determine its immediate future. A failure to come together will hand the country on a platter to whoever proves strongest among Mugabe’s henchman. A united opposition, however – one that includes both social movements and political parties – may just be strong enough to set their own agenda.
But accepting this intellectually is one thing, implementing it quite another – even for Masarira, who can’t resist a few barbed comments about the very people she is supposed to be bringing together. Such as: “The MDC-T is the biggest opposition, but they feel like we are taking away their limelight. Morgan Tsvangirai altered the party constitution to keep himself in power. You can’t sing change when you don’t walk the talk. MDC-T is a replica of Zanu,” she contends. She may or may not be right, but that’s not the point: with the opposition at each other’s throats, what hope is there for unity?
Tsvangirai himself is not above point-scoring. In an interview at his house, he welcomes the energy and enthusiasm that movements like #ThisFlag and Tajamuka have brought to the resistance, but he is very clear that positive change can only come through formal, established political structures. “I don’t feel any one social movement can cause change, unless you want a revolution,” he says, laughing.
For Tsvangirai, a revolution is not what Zimbabwe needs. Instead, the country requires a slow, steady transition from de facto single party rule to a genuine democratic state. That transition cannot happen overnight. Even if Mugabe were to retire into the sunset tomorrow, Zimbabwe would not suddenly be ready for a free and fair election because all the old man’s power structures remain in place. “You first need to create an environment where free and fair elections are possible,” he says.
This is, necessarily, a slow process, and one that might require awkward compromises. Compromise number one: giving Mugabe a dignified exit and a stable retirement, if he doesn’t die first. Compromise number two: working closely with rival political parties, such as other MDC factions and – most significantly – Joice Mujuru’s Zimbabwe People First.
Mujuru was, until just two short years ago, a pillar of the Mugabe regime. But she misplayed her hand, and got booted out of the party. Since then, she has reinvented herself as a full-throated critic of the president she once defended so vigorously, and is a crucial piece of the opposition puzzle because she appeals to disaffected Zanu-PF voters in a way that Morgan Tsvangirai never can.
Tsvangirai recognises the need to work together, although he doesn’t like it. “For me, they have to prove their sincerity. They have to prove their sincerity to the people. I don’t have to prove it, because I’m not Zanu-PF. The burden is really on them to convince Zimbabweans they really mean well to be on the side of the people, and they mean well towards the people who have been in the trenches for so long.”
Nonetheless, despite his scepticism and to his immense credit, Tsvangirai is in advanced talks with Mujuru to form some kind of electoral alliance to take on the Zanu-PF machine. “Fragmented opposition voices will not inspire confidence in the people,” says Tsvangirai. “We are working at it. We are meeting and discussing. I think it’s more of a deepening trust process than anything else. You know politicians have sometimes selfish motives, but one has to accept that the greatest motive that should drive us is the national good.”
Tsvangirai is more than just pretty words on this issue. For the last couple of years, the MDC-T has been one of the driving forces behind the creation of the National Electoral Reform Agenda (NERA), a single-issue umbrella group of opposition parties. This is clever politics: even though opposition parties disagree on plenty, they are all in favour of electoral reform. This gives them the chance to meet and get to know each other, to build the personal relationships that are so crucial to coalition-building. On electoral reform, at least, they can take on the government together, and have done so: several demonstrations have been organised under the NERA banner, while a united front has given opposition parties serious leverage with the Zimbabwe Electoral Commission.
If they can keep it up, and bring the youth and social movements onside, then Zanu-PF will, for once, be outgunned – and unable to stage-manage the succession.
If Donald Trump’s election victory has taught us anything, it is that fortune telling is a fool’s game. Zimbabwe is no exception: we simply don’t know what shape the country will take on without Mugabe around to mould it relentlessly in his image. All we do know is that Zimbabwe’s post-Mugabe future is close, so close that both his friends and his enemies are desperately planning for what comes next, and jostling to be in position to take advantage. And while we cannot predict what that future looks like, we can try to document the forces trying to determine it.
There are many battles ahead, to be won or lost or overcome together. Mugabe versus his health. Lacoste versus G40. Zanu-PF versus the official opposition. Tsvangirai versus Mujuru. The social movements versus themselves and the political party establishment. And, ultimately, the Zimbabwean people versus a system that has screwed them for decades.
There are plenty of other factors to consider, too. What will the military do? Is the defection of the war vets significant? What does it mean that the churches are getting political? Who will the international community support, and will their meddling help or hinder democratic progress?
In the meantime, Zimbabweans do what Zimbabweans do best: get on with things. As cash dries up, so businessmen turn to mobile money, or revive the barter trade that got so many people through the last financial crisis. As the water runs out, thanks to drought and terrible infrastructure, so tankers start zipping across affected cities and boreholes are drilled into the water table.
Analysts like to describe Zimbabwe as a failed state, but this is not an accurate description. People also like to say that Zimbabwe can’t get any worse, but this is also not true – just ask the people of South Sudan or Somalia.
Zimbabwe is a failed government, yes, but its people have ensured that some semblance of a state remains intact. This is a society that has learnt to live without its government; that has prospered, in places, despite it.
The civil servants who go to work despite not being paid for months; the unschooled entrepreneurs who seamlessly navigate capricious foreign exchange regimes to keep imports flowing; the neighbourhood groups that pick rubbish off the streets, the long-suffering activists who have fought in a thousand ways to keep democracy alive. Together, they have ensured that whoever does take over from Mugabe has something to work with.
Zimbabwe’s future is uncertain. It will be messy. But Zimbabweans, having persevered for so long, have earned the right to dream of that Promised Land; and have worked hard enough to tilt the odds in their favour. Daily Maverick
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LIBG’s Look at the US Elections
Posted by jonathanfryer on Tuesday, 30th October, 2012
The US election is exactly one week away, but the two main candidates have not been out campaigning today because of the Frankenstorm Sandy. However, in the bowels of the National Liberal Club members of Liberal International British Group (LIBG) gathered this evening to hear a brilliant presentation by Karin Robinson, Vice-Chair of Democrats Abroad UK, on where she thinks the contest is at. Obviously she is rooting for Barack Obama’s re-election, but she acknowledges that there isn’t quite the same buzz as four years ago, when many new voters were encouraged to register and volunteers poured in to Democrat offices (especially after Sara Palin was chosen as the Republicans’ vice-presidential candidate). Nonetheless, early voting — which varies in type in different states — has been going well for the Democrats this year. For the British public, US politics is a bit of a mystery; why, as someone asked tonight, should Mitt Romney be against universal health care, especially when he introduced in Massachusetts a state-wide version of Obamacare? Karin agreed with the contention that the US public in general is rather insular and the country isolationist, but the main thrust of her remarks was how much the economy matters in this election, even more than usual. Social issues have rarely figured. She welcomed advances in US public opinion on LGBT rights, for example, but is alarmed by the retrogressive slant of many Republicans’ views on women’s rights. A recent opinion poll in Britain suggested that two thirds of Britons would vote for Obama, which makes it difficult to comprehend how someone like Romney can have traction in the US. But as Karin emphasized, the US electorate is essentially split 50:50 between Republicans and Democrats, so the actual outcome next Tuesday will probably depend on a small number of voters in swing states. In the meantime, the two main candidates and their supporters have reportedly spent more than $2 billion between them. Democracy in America does not come cheap, and it is very different to what we’re used to over here.
Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged: Barack Obama, Democrats, Democrats Abroad, Frankenstorm Sandy, Karin Robinson, LIBG, Mitt Romney, National Liberal Club, Obamacare, Republicans, Sara Palin, US | 3 Comments »
Merlin Holland after Wilde
Posted by jonathanfryer on Friday, 26th October, 2012
When Merlin Holland was invited to the United States some years ago to give a lecture on his grandfather, Oscar Wilde, the woman at immigration at JFK asked him what claim he had to be an authority on the Irish playwright. Merlin confessed the blood link, at which point the immigration officer — rather surprisingly, perhaps — said, ‘Oh, when Oscar Wilde came to America didn’t he say “I have nothing to declare but my genius!”? So what do you have to declare?’ Merlin replied, ‘only my albatross.’ And indeed for much of his adult life being Wilde’s only grandchild did weigh like an albatross on his shoulders. Fortunately, in a more liberal age than that his father Vyvyan lived in Merlin did not have to confront acrimony or shame; on the contrary, Wilde is now such a cultural icon that the problem is more one of heightened expectation. At times Merlin feels like a letterbox receiving Oscar’s undelivered mail. All these points came out this evening at the 21st annual Oscar Wilde birthday dinner put on by the Oscar Wilde Society (OWS) at the National Liberal Club, at which Merlin was the guest speaker, giving a preview of his next book, After Wilde, which will recount aspects of the Wilde legacy as experienced by him and his family. The OWS Chairman, Don Mead, had been trying to get Merlin — who now lives in France — to address such a dinner for several years, so finally ‘bagging’ him for this sell-out occasion was a triumph, and he did not disappoint. He is a stickler for accuracy when it comes to his grandfather’s life and works, for which all serious Wildean scholars must be truly grateful. I certainly benefited from his help and advice when I was writing my three books about Oscar and his coterie. Being a stickler didn’t always make Merlin popular however; he has pointed out errors and possibly unfounded speculation in Richard Ellmann’s classic biography of Wilde, for example. Those shortcomings (some of which could be put down to the fact that Ellmann was dying of motor-neurone disease while trying to complete his book) have been scrupulously analysed and corrected by the German schollar Horst Schroeder, who fittingly introduced Merlin this evening. The thanks were given in a bravura performance by Gyles Brandreth, who has been making a good living from a series of detective novels based on the conceit of implications of the friendship between Wilde and Arthur Conan Doyle. At least Brandreth makes no bones about fabricating his stories, and he has certainly added to the gaiety of Wildean circles.
Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged: After Wilde, Don Mead, Gyles Brandreth, Horst Schroeder, Merlin Holland, National Liberal Club, Oscar Wilde, Oscar Wilde Society, Richard Ellmann | 1 Comment »
Remembering Mike Harskin
Posted by jonathanfryer on Thursday, 25th October, 2012
A dozen or so of us gathered in the Guest Room at the House of Lords this evening, courtesy of Lord (Chris) Rennard, to celebrate the memory of Mike Harskin, former editor of Liberal Democrat News, who died at a tragically young age 20 years ago. My contact with him was that between editor and contributor, which was enough to make me realise how unconventional his approach was, sometimes concertina-ing a whole week’s production schedule into one marathon day-and-night session. Mike fought the Brent South parliamentary seat, unsuccessfully, and for a while could be found in the Liberal Whips office in the House of Commons, but he will better be remembered for being one of the key activists in what were dubbed the ‘Green Guard’ of the National League of Young Liberals who sometimes were such a headache to David Steel. These were an ecologically-minded antidote to the previous libertarian socialist Red Guards of Peter Hain & Co, who had made life hell for Jeremy Thorpe, and brought together such figures as Felix Dodds (now in the US) and a literal household of young Liberal activists including Carina Trimingham and Louise Bloom and up-and-coming political stars such as Martin Horwood MP. All of the aforementioned (except Felix) were there tonight, along with Peter Chegwyn, David Boyle and others. It was a delightfully incongruous setting for such an assemblage, but Mike would have enjoyed the irony. He didn’t live long enough to experience the full flowering of the Internet revolution and social media, alas, but I have no doubt he would have revelled in it if he had.
Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged: Carina Trimingham, Chris Rennard, David Boyle, David Steel, Felix Dodds, Green Guards, House of Lords, Jeremy Thorpe, Liberal Democrat News, Louise Bloom, Mike Harskin, Peter Chegwyn, Peter Hain, Red Guards | 2 Comments »
Investing in Poland
Posted by jonathanfryer on Wednesday, 24th October, 2012
The Polish Embassy in London threw its doors open to the Wednesday Club of the Institute of Directors (and a couple of journalists, including me) this evening, to promote investment opportunities in Poland. The country has much to be proud of, having been judged by the IMF to be one of the best places to put one’s money in Europe. This is remarkable when one thinks that only 30 years ago it was in effect a Communist dictatorship, albeit one with the Solidarnosc trade union activists in Gdansk demanding freedoms. Britain is actually the third most important investor in Poland, after the United States and Germany, with much of the FDI going into the automobile and heavy industry sectors, though IT and other concerns are growing fast. The fact that very few foreigners actually speak Polish is of little import, as increasingly Poles, having dumped Russian as a compulsory subject at school, now speak good English. Moreover, Poland make a great success of its presidency of the European Union last year, including putting on a brilliant cultural programme, and many of the Polish migrant labourers who came to Britain after EU accession have since returned home to take part in the country’s progress. Poland is not part of the eurozone as yet — perhaps a blessing just at the moment — but its economic growth rate is something the UK can only envy. So there is every reason to look forward to increased bilateral trade and investment.
Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged: IOD, Poland, Polish Embassy London, Solidarnosc, UK | Leave a Comment »
Gareth Epps on Fairer Tax
Posted by jonathanfryer on Monday, 22nd October, 2012
The Liberal Democrats are currently carrying out a consultation on tax and admirably it really is a consultation, in that views are being sought not only at the national level (for example at last month’s Federal Conference in Brighton) but also at the grassroots. This evening, Gareth Epps — a former leader of the LibDems on Reading Council and parliamentary candidate in Reading East at the last general election, as well as a leading light in the Social Liberal Forum — came to sound out opinion among Hammersmith and Fulham LibDems in London, though the subject drew in attendees from other boroughs. The key principle at the heart of the Party’s review is fairness, but as the discussion tonight made abundantly clear, fairness is a subjective rather than an objective factor when it comes to tax. Not surprisingly, given the preponderance of members from West-Central London, Vince Cable’s proposed ‘mansion tax’, which would see people who inhabit houses worth over £2 million paying an annual tax on the figure over that amount — was unpopular. The concept of land tax won more favour, with others preferring a rebanding exercise of council tax which would take into account the fact that an absurdly high percentage of London homes all figure in the current top band; higher bands are obviously needed if we keep that system. I pointed out that London really does need special measures when it comes to tax-raising, not just because of the relatively high value of property but also because of the disturbingly high and accelerating cost of renting in the capital, which puts the Government’s cap on housing benefit into perspective; poorer families are already being chased out. There was also quite a lot of discussion this evening about the wisdom of continuing with national insurance as a separate item from tax — far too complex to go into here. But the Fairer Tax working group of the LibDems is still collecting evidence!
Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged: Fairer Tax, Gareth Epps, Hammersmith and Fulham Liberal Democrats, Liberal Democrats, mansion tax, Social Liberal Forum, Vince Cable | Leave a Comment »
London LibDem Conference
Posted by jonathanfryer on Saturday, 20th October, 2012
London Liberal Democrats descended on Croydon today for our autumn conference, which also featured a Question and Answer session with nine of the ten shortlisted London Euro-candidates. The full hustings will be at Friends House, Euston Road, on Sunday 4 November. But the star turn of the day today was guest speaker Elif Shafak, the Turkish novelist who writes in both Turkish and English, including penning articles for The Guardian from time to time. She read an extract from her latest novel and also spoke on the theme of identity and belonging, especially in the context of a migratory life. While no model of multiculturalism is perfect, she feels London is an amazing place to be, and rather regrets that Kemalist Turkey modeled itself on France, laicité and all. Today was also special as it provided a platform to launch the by-election campaign for the newly-selected Croydon North Liberal Democrat candidate Marisha Ray. By a coincidence that Dame Edna Everage would undoubtedly have termed ‘spooky’ we had chosen Croydon as the venue for this year’s autumn conference long before there was any inkling that the poor Labour MP for Croydon North — the much-respected Malcolm Wicks — would pass away, leaving a vacancy. In the extended lunch-break, accordingly, most of us set off to the constituency to do some delivery and surveying, and a very friendly reception we got too. In the afternoon, Tom Brake MP, newly appointed Deputy Leader of the House of Commons, explained entertaingly what that job entails. Brian Paddick made an excellent power-point presentation on leadership and then the man who will succeed me as regional Chair when I step down at the end of the year, Mike Tuffrey, gave a speech which proved why he is a very sound choice.
Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged: Brian Paddick, Croydon, Croydon North by-election, Dame Edna Everage, Elif Shafak, London Liberal Democrats, Malcolm Wicks, Marisha Ray, Mike Tuffrey, Tom Brake | 1 Comment »
William Wallace’s World View
‘We in Britain are stuck in the narrative of June 1940,’ (Lord) William Wallace declared at a meeting of Putney Liberal Democrats this evening. ‘At the Remembrance Day celebrations, for example, there is a “we are in it alone” mentality.’ Some on the right of the Conservative Party, including Daniel Hannan MEP, would like to see the UK become a form of Switzerland and right-wing historians like Andrew Roberts and Niall Ferguson are championing a narrative of Empire, while the Daily Mail and Daily Telegraph pour out anti-European sentiments. ‘We need to shift our narrative on Europe,’ William said. ‘We have got to engage with and challenge the world view of the Conservatives.’ He has just been appointed to an advisory board on the 2014 centenary Commemoration of the start of World War I, and I stressed in the Q&A that as the European elections will fall in the run-up to that commemoration we should put across the message that the so-called Great War was disaster, a masssive failure on the part of the European powers to solve their differences diplomatically, with the result that millions of lives were sacrificed for nothing. ‘Never again’ was a popular refrain in the 1920s, though the polarisation of Communism and Fascism in the 1930s led inexorably to renewed conflict and destruction. The EU rightly won the Nobel Peace Prize recently for its role in bringing and sustaining peace in Europe. This is a message we Liberal Democrats should trumpet, as others won’t, and we only have 18 months or so to undermine the eurosceptics’ narrative.
Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged: Andrew Roberts, Daniel Hannan, EU, Niall Ferguson, Putney Liberal Democrats, William Wallace, World War I | Leave a Comment »
Stephen Williams at the Orpington Liberal Club
As Chairman of the LibDems’ Finance and Business Committee in parliament, Stephen Williams, MP for Bristol West, has a platform to talk about economic issues without having the constraints of being a government minister. At an Orpington Liberal Club dinner this evening he identified himself as an economic Liberal, albeit with a strong social Liberal side. And certainly he had some good economic news to share, with both unemployment and inflation down in the UK. It will probably be crucial for the fortunes of the Liberal Democrats at the 2015 general election that the painful austerity measures brought in to tackle the deficit will have been seen to have worked. In the meantime we can and should champion the fact that most ordinary people in this country who receive a salary or wages or a pension will have seen their net income rise, because of the raising of the tax threshold and the boost to the state pension. Liberal Democrats are currently the largest party on Bristol City Council, though not in majority control, and they are now fighting a Police and Crime Commissioner election — something we in London are spared. At one point in the proceedings this evening I bizarrely referred to Stephen as Simon, but he says that often happens. Weird.
Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged: Orpington Liberal Club, Orpington Liberal Democrats, Stephen Williams | Leave a Comment »
The Oldie British Artists Award
Earlier this evening I joined other contributors to and staff of The Oldie magazine, including Editor Richard Ingrams, at Dartmouth House (headquarters of the English Speaking Union) to celebrate the inaugural Oldie British Artists Award. Many other people from the world of the Arts were present, as well as a good contingent from Soho, about which I wrote a book some years ago. The Oldie Award was won by 93-year-old Donald Zec, for his drawing of a gaunt, bearded old man. Amazingly, Mr Zec has only been working as an artist for five years; he turned to this after his wife died after 66 years of married life, as a tribute to her. He gave an extremely witty acceptance speech at the party, in mock imitation of the Hollywood Oscars ceremony, saying that as he had no art teacher to thank (as he never had one) he must thank his cardiologist, opthamologist and urologist instead. He claimed that he felt nostalgia ‘for an age at which I was only senile’, the main joke being that he was considerably more on the ball than some others much younger who were present. I settled in a corner with Elena Salvoni, who was a fixture at Bianchi’s Restaurant in Soho for many years, especially when it was the (reasonably priced) haunt of writers, artists and bohemians. What I didn’t know until she told me this evening was that her house in Islington (in which she still lives) is next door to the building in which Joe Orton and Kenneth Halliwell lodged and they used to come over regularly for a cup of tea and a chat and to use her phone. Halliwell of course murdered his lover in August 1967, a night Elena will never forget.
Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged: Bianchi's Soho, Dartmouth House, Donald Zec, Elena Salvoni, Joe Orton, Kenneth Halliwell, Richard Ingrams, The Oldie | Leave a Comment »
What Kind of Intervention in Syria?
Posted by jonathanfryer on Monday, 15th October, 2012
This evening I took part in a lively and well-attended debate at the University College London (UCL) Debating Society, speaking on behalf of a proposition in favour of international intervention in Syria. I pointed out that there already has been intervention of various kinds on both sides of the conflict for several months, with the Russians, Iran and Lebanon’s Hezbollah notably helping the murderous regime of Bashar al-Assad try to cling onto power, while countries such as Saudi Arabia, Qatar and Turkey — not to forget jihadis from all over the world, including the UK — have backed the Free Syrian Army (FSA) or other armed opposition groups, including the Muslim Broherhood. So the real question to answer is: what sort of intervention is desirable? I emphatically ruled out an Iraqi-style US-led invasion (which I, along with the Liberal Democrat Party, vociferously opposed in 2003). But I also excluded a Libyan-style intervention (which I did support), as the situation on the ground in Syria is so utterly different; as Syria’s population density is much greater and there are no big centres of opposition strength, such as Benghazi. No great military intervention would be likely to achieve much except raise the casualty levels, which probably top 35,000 deaths already. On the other hand, the world cannot just stand by and watch Assad and his cronies slaughter the Syrian people (and destroy the country’s rich cultural heritage in the process). We are morally and legally obliged to do something, now that the Responsiblity to Protect is part of International Law, i.e. that when a leader is unable or unwilling to protect his own people then there is an obligation on the international community to come to their aid. I argued that Lakhdar Brahimi’s new plan — which involves a ceasefire and a UN-organised peacekeeping force — should receive strong international endorsement as a good starting-point. I believe even Russia could be won round to this, as Moscow is desperate for some face-saving exit from its current embarassing alliance. Today, even Assad said he would go along with the plan, though the FSA has turned it down. A ceasefire is an essential step in the direction of a workable and lasting solution, but clearly the departure of Assad and some of his closest associated would have to be part of the package.
Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged: Bashar Al-Assad, Free Syrian Army, FSA, Hezbollah, Iran, Iraq, Lakhdar Brahimi, Lebanon, Libya, Qatar, Responsibility to Protect, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, UCL, UN, University College London | Leave a Comment »
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Place for women at the Theatre du Nouveau Monde
Alan Carter | April 3, 2019 | Art | No Comments
The Theater du Nouveau Monde (TNM) unveiled yesterday its 2019-2020 programming. On the theme of “Dream Big”, the repertory theater company, founded in 1951, offers seven shows (including two non-subscription) which highlight the rich imagination of the artisans of the stage, including that of a majority of women.
Indeed, TNM director Lorraine Pintal is delighted to have reached parity, while among the 120 artists and designers who are part of her new season, there will be 33 women on stage and 33 designers.
The word of women will not be left out. We will hear that of Gabrielle Roy, in the cover of The distress and enchantment with Marie-Therese Fortin. And that of Sylvie Drapeau with River , her beautiful text that will be staged by Angela Konrad in November. This one also signifies the adaptation of this first part of the tetralogy of Flag, which counts also the Sky , the Hell and the Earth . The actress-novelist will be on stage alongside Samuël Cote and two young actresses.
A contemporary Lysistrata
In the spring of 2020, the women’s revolt will be on the scene with Lysis , a creation freely inspired by Aristophane’s Lysistrata , signed by two inspired young designers, Fanny Britt and Alexia Burger. Lorraine Pintal will be leading an impressive cast, including Monia Chokri, Anne-Elisabeth Bose, France Castel and Marie Tifo. M me Pintal also the staging of The swallowing of swallowed , Rejean Ducharme, with among others Louise Marleau. An “intimate” piece for a small audience (400 seats), sitting in the stands on the TNM stage, with a single price and an open bar, in the spirit and wishes of Ducharme.
The soul of women
The soul and the unfulfilled desire of the women of another time, we find it in the spleen of Macha, Irina and Olga, this memorable trio of Chekhov’s Three Sisters. The masterpiece of the Russian author will be revisited by Rene Richard Cyr, with Evelyne Brochu, Noemie Godin-Vigneau and Rebecca Vachon in the title roles.
The return of the opera Nelligan
Lorraine Pintal had a good thought for the composer Andre Gagnon, “who is going through difficult times” with his health. Nelligan , the romantic and popular opera he wrote with Michel Tremblay (on the libretto), was reborn at the TNM on January 14, almost 30 years after its premiere at the Opera de Montreal. Marc Hervieux will play Nelligan old; Dominique Cote, the young poet. Kathleen Fortin plays her mother. And Linda Sorgini takes over the role created by Renée Claude. Normand Chouinard signs the staging.
A dream of youth
“Healthy people are sick people who do not know each other.” This was the motto of the French author Jules Romains. The latter, rarely mounted in Quebec, is one of Alexis Martin’s favorite playwrights. He dreams of playing Knock or the Triumph of Medicine since graduating from the Conservatory of Theater 35 years ago. The actor will open the season of TNM, with this squeaky comedy, created in 1923 by Louis Jouvet. She is staged by her accomplice NTE, Daniel Briere.
Transcend the test by songs
Workshop 19 puts young people on the stage
Improved programming for Mont-Carmel in celebration
Newcomers to Cannes for the Directors’ Fortnight 2019
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jc track meet 2013 results
Meet the walkens video only
Christopher Walken: 'I'm a regular guy' | Film | The Guardian
See more ideas about Christopher walken memes, Funny pics and Funny stuff. Star Wars meet Christopher Walken <3 More Cowbell, Star Wars Humor, Star . FOR WHEN YOU'VE HAD JUST ABOUT ENOUGH Funny Memes, It's Funny, Ex .. Dancing In Over 50 Movies All Perfectly Spliced Into a Single Music Video. "Who is the greatest villain of all time?" demands Christopher Walken, standing aboard a ship's deck on a Long Island. Take his impeccable Christopher Walken impression, for example. Close your eyes and you might just forget who's talking. But celebrity.
The role clearly came as a relief. Now that I'm older, maybe I can play people closer to myself. At 69, his manner is sometimes animated, more often businesslike.
Letterman asks Christopher Walken if he's nuts (1995)
The diction, of course, is a marvel — the unlikely pauses and emphases so familiar from his films, put down to a childhood in the melting pot of Astoria, Queens. When I ask why he thinks he became so typecast, the answer in full goes: And when I started I did well with these It sounds as if he wants to play regular guys. Does he feel like one? I've been married nearly 50 years. I don't have hobbies or children. I don't much care to travel. I've never had a big social life. I really just stay home, except when I go to work.
A child actor from the age of five, "there were schools for kids like me that also made it possible to work, and that's where I got my education".
10 of the most memorably choreographed music videos
At 15, he joined a travelling circus, his duties including lion taming he says he only worked with one lion, old and dog-like. Then came musical theatre.
He promptly married her. Walken in The Deer Hunter They may share his pallor, his vertical hair and strange inflections, but he is as much an observer of them as we are.
And there are maybe 40 channels of movies. So once a day pretty much every day I'll surf those.
I just go from one movie to another, watching 10 minutes of this, 10 minutes of that. And often there's something I'm in. And sometimes I'm quite good in it. And I'll sit and watch. I ask him what he has learned. With me, it's always hit and miss. I'm telling you, you're making a mistake. It's just, as they say, the way the cookie crumbles.
Christopher Walken - Wikipedia
The real thing held no appeal. I never got anywhere. I wasn't much interested. And physically, my hands So it wasn't for me. I was a pretty good dancer though. By the time he made his first film — surveillance thriller The Anderson Tapes — he had been performing for more than 20 years.
As a boy, still going by his real name Ronnie, he was thrust with his two brothers into theatre jobs and the live variety TV shows that broadcast nightly from the neon heart of 50s Manhattan. Was performing something he was drawn to?
Christopher Walken in Pulp Fiction Ronald Grant Archive "No. As a child, you don't seek that out. My mother came to America as an adult. She came from Glasgow, in fact. She was smitten with movies, she read the movie magazines, and she wanted her kids to be in showbusiness.
So I kind of just got put there. I can't imagine anything else I could have done that would have given me such a nice life. In November the actor drowned off a Californian island while staying on a boat with Walken and her husband Robert Wagner.
The case remains open.
The second appearance was in Skid Row 's " Breakin' Down " video. Walken had a notable music video performance in with Fatboy Slim 's " Weapon of Choice ". In this video, Walken dances and flies around the lobby of the Marriott Hotel in Los Angeles; Walken also helped choreograph the dance.
Also inWalken played a gangster who was in the witness protection program in the David Spade comedy Joe Dirt and an eccentric film director in America's Sweethearts. Walken played the role of Paul Rayburn in 's Man on Firewhere, when speaking about the imminent destructive actions of John Creasy Denzel Washingtonhis character states: It depends on how good he is at it. Creasy's art is death. He's about to paint his masterpiece. He co-starred in the film adaptation Hairspraywherein he is seen singing and dancing in a romantic duet with John Travoltaand portrayed the eccentric but cruel crime lord and Ping-Pong enthusiast Feng in the comedy action film Balls of Fury opposite Dan Fogler.
Macy and Walken about security guards in an art museum, debuted at the Edinburgh International Film Festival on June 25, Walken portrayed the owner of "Disaster Studios" Frank Kincaid and encouraged guests to be extras in his latest film, Mutha Nature.
Walken was projected on a clear screen, much like a life-size hologram, and interacted with the live-action talent. Famous quote "Frankenstein never scared me". Walken reunited with McDonagh for the British crime comedy film Seven Psychopaths which had its world premiere on 7 September Walken also played the founder and leader of a string quartet in A Late Quartet late in Walken costarred with Al Pacino and Alan Arkin in the film Stand Up Guysa story about aging gangsters out on the town for one last hoorah.
He also appeared in The Power of Few.
Meet the Family - Saturday Night Live with subtitles | Amara
He also recorded a cover of Louie's song I Wan'na Be like Youwhich he sings in the film as well as on the soundtrack. Legacy and popularity[ edit ] Described as "diverse and eccentric" [34] and "one of the most respected actors of his generation", [35] Walken has long established a cult following among film fans.
His Oscar-winning performance in The Deer Hunter ranked as 88th greatest movie performance of all time by Premiere magazine [39] and his performance in Pennies from Heaven was made into Entertainment Weekly 's list of the " Greatest Performances that should have won Oscars but didn't".
Kat Dennings called him her favorite actor and said he was the reason she wanted to be an actress. Prominent movie critic Roger Ebert was particularly impressed by his villain and anti-hero portrayals, once stated "when he is given the right role, there is nobody to touch him for his chilling ability to move between easy charm and pure evil" [50] and called him "one of the few undeniably charismatic male villains. Walken is noted for refusing movie roles only rarely, having stated in interviews that he will decline a role only if he is simply too busy on other projects to take it.
He regards each role as a learning experience. According to film director Abel Ferrarathe character was originally written for Walken but the latter "didn't want to do it".
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