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A word to describe that something is missing? | Federalism, and other forms of territorially autonomy, is generally seen as a useful way to structure political systems in order prevent violence among different groups with countries because it allows certain groups to legislate at the subnational level. Some scholars have suggested, however, that federalism can divid... | lacks | advqa_5900 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Events that celebrate special occasions are called what? | Federalism, and other forms of territorially autonomy, is generally seen as a useful way to structure political systems in order prevent violence among different groups with countries because it allows certain groups to legislate at the subnational level. Some scholars have suggested, however, that federalism can divid... | parties | advqa_5901 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What is the ethnicity of Henry Louis Gates? | During a panel discussion at Harvard University's reunion for African American alumni during the 2003–04 academic year, two prominent black professors at the institution—Lani Guinier and Henry Louis Gates—pointed out an unintended effect of affirmative action policies at Harvard. They stated that only about a third of ... | African | advqa_5902 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
How many Harvard students came from the South Bronx? | During a panel discussion at Harvard University's reunion for African American alumni during the 2003–04 academic year, two prominent black professors at the institution—Lani Guinier and Henry Louis Gates—pointed out an unintended effect of affirmative action policies at Harvard. They stated that only about a third of ... | few | advqa_5903 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What was one of the topics being discussed at the panel discussion? | During a panel discussion at Harvard University's reunion for African American alumni during the 2003–04 academic year, two prominent black professors at the institution—Lani Guinier and Henry Louis Gates—pointed out an unintended effect of affirmative action policies at Harvard. They stated that only about a third of ... | affirmative action policies at Harvard | advqa_5904 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who are the descendants? | During a panel discussion at Harvard University's reunion for African American alumni during the 2003–04 academic year, two prominent black professors at the institution—Lani Guinier and Henry Louis Gates—pointed out an unintended effect of affirmative action policies at Harvard. They stated that only about a third of ... | Harvard students from the historic African American community | advqa_5905 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Which group of people had a small number of graduates from Harvard? | During a panel discussion at Harvard University's reunion for African American alumni during the 2003–04 academic year, two prominent black professors at the institution—Lani Guinier and Henry Louis Gates—pointed out an unintended effect of affirmative action policies at Harvard. They stated that only about a third of ... | African American community | advqa_5906 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
How distant were the black students at Harvard to their ancestors? | During a panel discussion at Harvard University's reunion for African American alumni during the 2003–04 academic year, two prominent black professors at the institution—Lani Guinier and Henry Louis Gates—pointed out an unintended effect of affirmative action policies at Harvard. They stated that only about a third of ... | multiple generations | advqa_5907 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who is Lani Guinier? | During a panel discussion at Harvard University's reunion for African American alumni during the 2003–04 academic year, two prominent black professors at the institution—Lani Guinier and Henry Louis Gates—pointed out an unintended effect of affirmative action policies at Harvard. They stated that only about a third of ... | prominent black professors | advqa_5908 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who is Henry Louis Gates? | During a panel discussion at Harvard University's reunion for African American alumni during the 2003–04 academic year, two prominent black professors at the institution—Lani Guinier and Henry Louis Gates—pointed out an unintended effect of affirmative action policies at Harvard. They stated that only about a third of ... | prominent black professors | advqa_5909 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
How did the parents of the majority African students at Harvard University come to the United States? | During a panel discussion at Harvard University's reunion for African American alumni during the 2003–04 academic year, two prominent black professors at the institution—Lani Guinier and Henry Louis Gates—pointed out an unintended effect of affirmative action policies at Harvard. They stated that only about a third of ... | immigrants | advqa_5910 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
what order was amended and superseded Executive Order 11246 | Ideas for affirmative action came as early as the Reconstruction Era (1865-1877) in which a former slave population lacked the skills and resources for sustainable living. In 1865, General William Tecumseh Sherman proposed to divide the land and goods from Georgia and grant it to families of color which became the "For... | Order 10925 | advqa_5911 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who disagreed with Reagan's proposed changes to Executive Order 11246? | Ideas for affirmative action came as early as the Reconstruction Era (1865-1877) in which a former slave population lacked the skills and resources for sustainable living. In 1865, General William Tecumseh Sherman proposed to divide the land and goods from Georgia and grant it to families of color which became the "For... | Congress | advqa_5912 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What part of the constitution are affirmative action programs based in? | Ideas for affirmative action came as early as the Reconstruction Era (1865-1877) in which a former slave population lacked the skills and resources for sustainable living. In 1865, General William Tecumseh Sherman proposed to divide the land and goods from Georgia and grant it to families of color which became the "For... | Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment | advqa_5913 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What happened first, Sherman's land proposal, or the Civil Rights Movement? | Ideas for affirmative action came as early as the Reconstruction Era (1865-1877) in which a former slave population lacked the skills and resources for sustainable living. In 1865, General William Tecumseh Sherman proposed to divide the land and goods from Georgia and grant it to families of color which became the "For... | Sherman proposed to divide the land | advqa_5914 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Which non-president came up with a well-known affirmative action program? | Ideas for affirmative action came as early as the Reconstruction Era (1865-1877) in which a former slave population lacked the skills and resources for sustainable living. In 1865, General William Tecumseh Sherman proposed to divide the land and goods from Georgia and grant it to families of color which became the "For... | General William Tecumseh Sherman | advqa_5915 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
what faced bi-partisan opposition in Congress? | Ideas for affirmative action came as early as the Reconstruction Era (1865-1877) in which a former slave population lacked the skills and resources for sustainable living. In 1865, General William Tecumseh Sherman proposed to divide the land and goods from Georgia and grant it to families of color which became the "For... | contemplated changes | advqa_5916 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
which order was amended in 1967? | Ideas for affirmative action came as early as the Reconstruction Era (1865-1877) in which a former slave population lacked the skills and resources for sustainable living. In 1865, General William Tecumseh Sherman proposed to divide the land and goods from Georgia and grant it to families of color which became the "For... | Executive Order 11246 | advqa_5917 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Which came first, Executive Order 11246 or the year 1961? | Ideas for affirmative action came as early as the Reconstruction Era (1865-1877) in which a former slave population lacked the skills and resources for sustainable living. In 1865, General William Tecumseh Sherman proposed to divide the land and goods from Georgia and grant it to families of color which became the "For... | 1961 | advqa_5918 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
what order was amended and superseded by Executive order 11246? | Ideas for affirmative action came as early as the Reconstruction Era (1865-1877) in which a former slave population lacked the skills and resources for sustainable living. In 1865, General William Tecumseh Sherman proposed to divide the land and goods from Georgia and grant it to families of color which became the "For... | realized | advqa_5919 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Which president disagreed with Lyndon B. Johnson on affirmative action? | Ideas for affirmative action came as early as the Reconstruction Era (1865-1877) in which a former slave population lacked the skills and resources for sustainable living. In 1865, General William Tecumseh Sherman proposed to divide the land and goods from Georgia and grant it to families of color which became the "For... | Reagan | advqa_5920 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Which came later, Executive Order 10925 or the year 1967? | Ideas for affirmative action came as early as the Reconstruction Era (1865-1877) in which a former slave population lacked the skills and resources for sustainable living. In 1865, General William Tecumseh Sherman proposed to divide the land and goods from Georgia and grant it to families of color which became the "For... | 1967 | advqa_5921 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who did Kennedy's Executive Order apply to? | Ideas for affirmative action came as early as the Reconstruction Era (1865-1877) in which a former slave population lacked the skills and resources for sustainable living. In 1865, General William Tecumseh Sherman proposed to divide the land and goods from Georgia and grant it to families of color which became the "For... | government contractors | advqa_5922 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What happened first, Sherman's land proposal, or Order 10925? | Ideas for affirmative action came as early as the Reconstruction Era (1865-1877) in which a former slave population lacked the skills and resources for sustainable living. In 1865, General William Tecumseh Sherman proposed to divide the land and goods from Georgia and grant it to families of color which became the "For... | Sherman proposed to divide the land | advqa_5923 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
who's order was amended in 1967? | Ideas for affirmative action came as early as the Reconstruction Era (1865-1877) in which a former slave population lacked the skills and resources for sustainable living. In 1865, General William Tecumseh Sherman proposed to divide the land and goods from Georgia and grant it to families of color which became the "For... | Lyndon B. Johnson's | advqa_5924 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What happened first, Sherman's land proposal, or Order 11246? | Ideas for affirmative action came as early as the Reconstruction Era (1865-1877) in which a former slave population lacked the skills and resources for sustainable living. In 1865, General William Tecumseh Sherman proposed to divide the land and goods from Georgia and grant it to families of color which became the "For... | Sherman proposed to divide the land | advqa_5925 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
How have white people responded to affirmative action? | Terry Eastland, the author who wrote From Ending Affirmative Action: The Case for Colorblind Justice states, "Most arguments for affirmative action fall into two categories: remedying past discrimination and promoting diversity". Eastland believes that the founders of affirmative action did not anticipate how the benef... | designate themselves as members of preferred groups | advqa_5926 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
How do affirmative action programs reduce the incentive of upper and middle class blacks to put in effort to succeed? | Terry Eastland, the author who wrote From Ending Affirmative Action: The Case for Colorblind Justice states, "Most arguments for affirmative action fall into two categories: remedying past discrimination and promoting diversity". Eastland believes that the founders of affirmative action did not anticipate how the benef... | because doing so is unnecessary | advqa_5927 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Which of the following is not a preferred group: blacks or poor whites? | Terry Eastland, the author who wrote From Ending Affirmative Action: The Case for Colorblind Justice states, "Most arguments for affirmative action fall into two categories: remedying past discrimination and promoting diversity". Eastland believes that the founders of affirmative action did not anticipate how the benef... | poor white | advqa_5928 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What is affirmative action trying to fix? | Terry Eastland, the author who wrote From Ending Affirmative Action: The Case for Colorblind Justice states, "Most arguments for affirmative action fall into two categories: remedying past discrimination and promoting diversity". Eastland believes that the founders of affirmative action did not anticipate how the benef... | past discrimination | advqa_5929 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What does the Case for Colorblind Justice recommend with respect to affirmative action? | Terry Eastland, the author who wrote From Ending Affirmative Action: The Case for Colorblind Justice states, "Most arguments for affirmative action fall into two categories: remedying past discrimination and promoting diversity". Eastland believes that the founders of affirmative action did not anticipate how the benef... | Ending Affirmative Action | advqa_5930 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who gains the most from affirmative action, according to Eastland? | Terry Eastland, the author who wrote From Ending Affirmative Action: The Case for Colorblind Justice states, "Most arguments for affirmative action fall into two categories: remedying past discrimination and promoting diversity". Eastland believes that the founders of affirmative action did not anticipate how the benef... | middle class minorities | advqa_5931 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What social class do both authors claim benefits the least from affirmative action? | Terry Eastland, the author who wrote From Ending Affirmative Action: The Case for Colorblind Justice states, "Most arguments for affirmative action fall into two categories: remedying past discrimination and promoting diversity". Eastland believes that the founders of affirmative action did not anticipate how the benef... | poor | advqa_5932 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What would someone in an affirmative action program likely to experience? | Terry Eastland, the author who wrote From Ending Affirmative Action: The Case for Colorblind Justice states, "Most arguments for affirmative action fall into two categories: remedying past discrimination and promoting diversity". Eastland believes that the founders of affirmative action did not anticipate how the benef... | feelings of self-doubt and entitlement | advqa_5933 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who does Sowell consider to be the main losers in affirmative action? | Terry Eastland, the author who wrote From Ending Affirmative Action: The Case for Colorblind Justice states, "Most arguments for affirmative action fall into two categories: remedying past discrimination and promoting diversity". Eastland believes that the founders of affirmative action did not anticipate how the benef... | the least fortunate among the non-preferred groups | advqa_5934 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who loses out from affirmative action according to Sewell? | Terry Eastland, the author who wrote From Ending Affirmative Action: The Case for Colorblind Justice states, "Most arguments for affirmative action fall into two categories: remedying past discrimination and promoting diversity". Eastland believes that the founders of affirmative action did not anticipate how the benef... | society as a whole | advqa_5935 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
How do affirmative action programs disincentivize poor white people to work harder? | Terry Eastland, the author who wrote From Ending Affirmative Action: The Case for Colorblind Justice states, "Most arguments for affirmative action fall into two categories: remedying past discrimination and promoting diversity". Eastland believes that the founders of affirmative action did not anticipate how the benef... | it can prove futile | advqa_5936 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
According to Thomas Sowell, which races are most likely to feel animosity towards affirmative action? | Terry Eastland, the author who wrote From Ending Affirmative Action: The Case for Colorblind Justice states, "Most arguments for affirmative action fall into two categories: remedying past discrimination and promoting diversity". Eastland believes that the founders of affirmative action did not anticipate how the benef... | poor white or Asian | advqa_5937 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What has been the result between people who and do not qualify for affirmative action programs? | Terry Eastland, the author who wrote From Ending Affirmative Action: The Case for Colorblind Justice states, "Most arguments for affirmative action fall into two categories: remedying past discrimination and promoting diversity". Eastland believes that the founders of affirmative action did not anticipate how the benef... | animosity toward preferred groups | advqa_5938 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What kind of people usually go Yale and Princeton? | In 2006, Jian Li, a Chinese undergraduate at Yale University, filed a civil rights complaint with the Office for Civil Rights against Princeton University, claiming that his race played a role in their decision to reject his application for admission and seeking the suspension of federal financial assistance to the uni... | Americans | advqa_5939 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What favoritism was given at Princeton ? | In 2006, Jian Li, a Chinese undergraduate at Yale University, filed a civil rights complaint with the Office for Civil Rights against Princeton University, claiming that his race played a role in their decision to reject his application for admission and seeking the suspension of federal financial assistance to the uni... | race and legacy preferences | advqa_5940 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Where did Janet Rapelye work? | In 2006, Jian Li, a Chinese undergraduate at Yale University, filed a civil rights complaint with the Office for Civil Rights against Princeton University, claiming that his race played a role in their decision to reject his application for admission and seeking the suspension of federal financial assistance to the uni... | Princeton University | advqa_5941 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Where was the suit claimed? | In 2006, Jian Li, a Chinese undergraduate at Yale University, filed a civil rights complaint with the Office for Civil Rights against Princeton University, claiming that his race played a role in their decision to reject his application for admission and seeking the suspension of federal financial assistance to the uni... | Office for Civil Rights | advqa_5942 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What are Asian Americans considered? | In 2006, Jian Li, a Chinese undergraduate at Yale University, filed a civil rights complaint with the Office for Civil Rights against Princeton University, claiming that his race played a role in their decision to reject his application for admission and seeking the suspension of federal financial assistance to the uni... | race | advqa_5943 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What was the targeted entity that had to follow Kennedy's mandate? | In June 1963, President Kennedy continued his policy of affirmative action by issuing another mandate, Executive Order 11114. The order supplemented to his previous 1961 executive order declaring it was the "policy of the United States to encourage by affirmative action the elimination of discrimination in employment".... | employment practices | advqa_5944 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What was forced to comply? | In June 1963, President Kennedy continued his policy of affirmative action by issuing another mandate, Executive Order 11114. The order supplemented to his previous 1961 executive order declaring it was the "policy of the United States to encourage by affirmative action the elimination of discrimination in employment".... | all federal funds | advqa_5945 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What is the type of official order did Kennedy use to continue his policy of affirmative action? | In June 1963, President Kennedy continued his policy of affirmative action by issuing another mandate, Executive Order 11114. The order supplemented to his previous 1961 executive order declaring it was the "policy of the United States to encourage by affirmative action the elimination of discrimination in employment".... | mandate | advqa_5946 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What did Kennedy follow up on two years after his 1961 executive order? | In June 1963, President Kennedy continued his policy of affirmative action by issuing another mandate, Executive Order 11114. The order supplemented to his previous 1961 executive order declaring it was the "policy of the United States to encourage by affirmative action the elimination of discrimination in employment".... | policy of affirmative action | advqa_5947 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What was an addition? | In June 1963, President Kennedy continued his policy of affirmative action by issuing another mandate, Executive Order 11114. The order supplemented to his previous 1961 executive order declaring it was the "policy of the United States to encourage by affirmative action the elimination of discrimination in employment".... | Executive Order 11114 | advqa_5948 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
what kind of funds did unions and employers have to have compliance with the affirmative action policies? | In June 1963, President Kennedy continued his policy of affirmative action by issuing another mandate, Executive Order 11114. The order supplemented to his previous 1961 executive order declaring it was the "policy of the United States to encourage by affirmative action the elimination of discrimination in employment".... | taxpayer funds | advqa_5949 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What year was the Executive Order 11114 that supplemented previous affirmative action policy? | In June 1963, President Kennedy continued his policy of affirmative action by issuing another mandate, Executive Order 11114. The order supplemented to his previous 1961 executive order declaring it was the "policy of the United States to encourage by affirmative action the elimination of discrimination in employment".... | 1963 | advqa_5950 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
When did the policy start? | In June 1963, President Kennedy continued his policy of affirmative action by issuing another mandate, Executive Order 11114. The order supplemented to his previous 1961 executive order declaring it was the "policy of the United States to encourage by affirmative action the elimination of discrimination in employment".... | 1961 | advqa_5951 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What level of government was affirmative action implemented in? | In June 1963, President Kennedy continued his policy of affirmative action by issuing another mandate, Executive Order 11114. The order supplemented to his previous 1961 executive order declaring it was the "policy of the United States to encourage by affirmative action the elimination of discrimination in employment".... | federal | advqa_5952 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What was affirmative action supposed to address? | In June 1963, President Kennedy continued his policy of affirmative action by issuing another mandate, Executive Order 11114. The order supplemented to his previous 1961 executive order declaring it was the "policy of the United States to encourage by affirmative action the elimination of discrimination in employment".... | discrimination | advqa_5953 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Where are African Americans succeeding more than Latinos? | According to a study by Dr. Paul Brest, Hispanics or "Latinos" include immigrants who are descendants of immigrants from the countries comprising Central and South America. In 1991, Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans, and Cuban Americans made up 80% of the Latino population in the United States. Latinos are disadvantaged... | high school completion rate | advqa_5954 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
How do Latinos fare in pre-college education? | According to a study by Dr. Paul Brest, Hispanics or "Latinos" include immigrants who are descendants of immigrants from the countries comprising Central and South America. In 1991, Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans, and Cuban Americans made up 80% of the Latino population in the United States. Latinos are disadvantaged... | suffered a 3% drop in high school completion rate | advqa_5955 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Latinos are perceived to be on what in regards to negative stereotypes? | According to a study by Dr. Paul Brest, Hispanics or "Latinos" include immigrants who are descendants of immigrants from the countries comprising Central and South America. In 1991, Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans, and Cuban Americans made up 80% of the Latino population in the United States. Latinos are disadvantaged... | the dole | advqa_5956 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What was the time frame where Latino rates fell and African American rates rose for high school completion? | According to a study by Dr. Paul Brest, Hispanics or "Latinos" include immigrants who are descendants of immigrants from the countries comprising Central and South America. In 1991, Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans, and Cuban Americans made up 80% of the Latino population in the United States. Latinos are disadvantaged... | 1975-1990 | advqa_5957 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who used the Jim Crow laws? | According to a study by Dr. Paul Brest, Hispanics or "Latinos" include immigrants who are descendants of immigrants from the countries comprising Central and South America. In 1991, Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans, and Cuban Americans made up 80% of the Latino population in the United States. Latinos are disadvantaged... | lawmakers | advqa_5958 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
José Martí founded the __ Revolutionary Party. | According to a study by Dr. Paul Brest, Hispanics or "Latinos" include immigrants who are descendants of immigrants from the countries comprising Central and South America. In 1991, Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans, and Cuban Americans made up 80% of the Latino population in the United States. Latinos are disadvantaged... | Cuban | advqa_5959 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who are the people that see native-born and immigrants as basically the same? | According to a study by Dr. Paul Brest, Hispanics or "Latinos" include immigrants who are descendants of immigrants from the countries comprising Central and South America. In 1991, Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans, and Cuban Americans made up 80% of the Latino population in the United States. Latinos are disadvantaged... | outsiders | advqa_5960 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Americans born in the country south of the United States are call what kind of Americans? | According to a study by Dr. Paul Brest, Hispanics or "Latinos" include immigrants who are descendants of immigrants from the countries comprising Central and South America. In 1991, Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans, and Cuban Americans made up 80% of the Latino population in the United States. Latinos are disadvantaged... | Mexican | advqa_5961 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
__ slaves worked primarily in urban settings. | According to a study by Dr. Paul Brest, Hispanics or "Latinos" include immigrants who are descendants of immigrants from the countries comprising Central and South America. In 1991, Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans, and Cuban Americans made up 80% of the Latino population in the United States. Latinos are disadvantaged... | Cuban | advqa_5962 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
__ territory was inhabited by the Ciboney Taíno people. | According to a study by Dr. Paul Brest, Hispanics or "Latinos" include immigrants who are descendants of immigrants from the countries comprising Central and South America. In 1991, Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans, and Cuban Americans made up 80% of the Latino population in the United States. Latinos are disadvantaged... | Cuban | advqa_5963 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What are the percentages of population versus undergraduate diplomas? | According to a study by Dr. Paul Brest, Hispanics or "Latinos" include immigrants who are descendants of immigrants from the countries comprising Central and South America. In 1991, Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans, and Cuban Americans made up 80% of the Latino population in the United States. Latinos are disadvantaged... | 9% of the population, but only received 3.1% of the bachelors's degrees awarded | advqa_5964 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who was the youngest girl in the family? | Madonna was born to Catholic parents Silvio Anthony "Tony" Ciccone (b. 1931) and Madonna Louise Fortin (c. 1933 – December 1, 1963) in Bay City, Michigan, on August 16, 1958. Her father's parents were immigrants from Pacentro, Italy, while her mother was of French-Canadian ancestry. Tony worked as an engineer designer ... | Melanie | advqa_5965 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Although Madonna is of Italian and French Canadian descent she is from what place | Madonna was born to Catholic parents Silvio Anthony "Tony" Ciccone (b. 1931) and Madonna Louise Fortin (c. 1933 – December 1, 1963) in Bay City, Michigan, on August 16, 1958. Her father's parents were immigrants from Pacentro, Italy, while her mother was of French-Canadian ancestry. Tony worked as an engineer designer ... | Bay City, Michigan | advqa_5966 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What is name of Madonna's youngest sister? | Madonna was born to Catholic parents Silvio Anthony "Tony" Ciccone (b. 1931) and Madonna Louise Fortin (c. 1933 – December 1, 1963) in Bay City, Michigan, on August 16, 1958. Her father's parents were immigrants from Pacentro, Italy, while her mother was of French-Canadian ancestry. Tony worked as an engineer designer ... | Melanie | advqa_5967 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who was born right after Madonna? | Madonna was born to Catholic parents Silvio Anthony "Tony" Ciccone (b. 1931) and Madonna Louise Fortin (c. 1933 – December 1, 1963) in Bay City, Michigan, on August 16, 1958. Her father's parents were immigrants from Pacentro, Italy, while her mother was of French-Canadian ancestry. Tony worked as an engineer designer ... | Paula | advqa_5968 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What was Madonna's father's occupation? | Madonna was born to Catholic parents Silvio Anthony "Tony" Ciccone (b. 1931) and Madonna Louise Fortin (c. 1933 – December 1, 1963) in Bay City, Michigan, on August 16, 1958. Her father's parents were immigrants from Pacentro, Italy, while her mother was of French-Canadian ancestry. Tony worked as an engineer designer ... | engineer designer | advqa_5969 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Madonna is one of how many children in the Ciccone family | Madonna was born to Catholic parents Silvio Anthony "Tony" Ciccone (b. 1931) and Madonna Louise Fortin (c. 1933 – December 1, 1963) in Bay City, Michigan, on August 16, 1958. Her father's parents were immigrants from Pacentro, Italy, while her mother was of French-Canadian ancestry. Tony worked as an engineer designer ... | She has two elder brothers, Anthony (born 1956) and Martin (born 1957), and three younger siblings, Paula (born 1959), Christopher (born 1960), and Melanie (born 1962) | advqa_5970 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
How many sisters does Madonna have | Madonna was born to Catholic parents Silvio Anthony "Tony" Ciccone (b. 1931) and Madonna Louise Fortin (c. 1933 – December 1, 1963) in Bay City, Michigan, on August 16, 1958. Her father's parents were immigrants from Pacentro, Italy, while her mother was of French-Canadian ancestry. Tony worked as an engineer designer ... | Paula (born 1959), Christopher (born 1960), and Melanie (born 1962) | advqa_5971 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who was the youngest child? | Madonna was born to Catholic parents Silvio Anthony "Tony" Ciccone (b. 1931) and Madonna Louise Fortin (c. 1933 – December 1, 1963) in Bay City, Michigan, on August 16, 1958. Her father's parents were immigrants from Pacentro, Italy, while her mother was of French-Canadian ancestry. Tony worked as an engineer designer ... | Melanie | advqa_5972 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who was the youngest boy in the family? | Madonna was born to Catholic parents Silvio Anthony "Tony" Ciccone (b. 1931) and Madonna Louise Fortin (c. 1933 – December 1, 1963) in Bay City, Michigan, on August 16, 1958. Her father's parents were immigrants from Pacentro, Italy, while her mother was of French-Canadian ancestry. Tony worked as an engineer designer ... | Christopher | advqa_5973 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
When did Madonna's mother die? | Madonna was born to Catholic parents Silvio Anthony "Tony" Ciccone (b. 1931) and Madonna Louise Fortin (c. 1933 – December 1, 1963) in Bay City, Michigan, on August 16, 1958. Her father's parents were immigrants from Pacentro, Italy, while her mother was of French-Canadian ancestry. Tony worked as an engineer designer ... | December 1, 1963 | advqa_5974 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What is Madonna's dad's nickname? | Madonna was born to Catholic parents Silvio Anthony "Tony" Ciccone (b. 1931) and Madonna Louise Fortin (c. 1933 – December 1, 1963) in Bay City, Michigan, on August 16, 1958. Her father's parents were immigrants from Pacentro, Italy, while her mother was of French-Canadian ancestry. Tony worked as an engineer designer ... | "Tony" | advqa_5975 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Madonna is the third of how many children | Madonna was born to Catholic parents Silvio Anthony "Tony" Ciccone (b. 1931) and Madonna Louise Fortin (c. 1933 – December 1, 1963) in Bay City, Michigan, on August 16, 1958. Her father's parents were immigrants from Pacentro, Italy, while her mother was of French-Canadian ancestry. Tony worked as an engineer designer ... | She has two elder brothers, Anthony (born 1956) and Martin (born 1957), and three younger siblings, Paula (born 1959), Christopher (born 1960), and Melanie (born 1962) | advqa_5976 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
where was it said that she went at the end? | In September 1993, Madonna embarked on The Girlie Show World Tour, in which she dressed as a whip-cracking dominatrix surrounded by topless dancers. In Puerto Rico she rubbed the island's flag between her legs on stage, resulting in outrage among the audience. In March 1994, she appeared as a guest on the Late Show wit... | too far | advqa_5977 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
where did she offend puerto rico? | In September 1993, Madonna embarked on The Girlie Show World Tour, in which she dressed as a whip-cracking dominatrix surrounded by topless dancers. In Puerto Rico she rubbed the island's flag between her legs on stage, resulting in outrage among the audience. In March 1994, she appeared as a guest on the Late Show wit... | stage | advqa_5978 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What gave Madonna the reputation of a sexual renegade? | In September 1993, Madonna embarked on The Girlie Show World Tour, in which she dressed as a whip-cracking dominatrix surrounded by topless dancers. In Puerto Rico she rubbed the island's flag between her legs on stage, resulting in outrage among the audience. In March 1994, she appeared as a guest on the Late Show wit... | The releases of her sexually explicit films, albums and book, and the aggressive appearance on Letterman | advqa_5979 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
in what light was she generally seen in conclusion? | In September 1993, Madonna embarked on The Girlie Show World Tour, in which she dressed as a whip-cracking dominatrix surrounded by topless dancers. In Puerto Rico she rubbed the island's flag between her legs on stage, resulting in outrage among the audience. In March 1994, she appeared as a guest on the Late Show wit... | negatively | advqa_5980 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
what kind of prop did she use for her character? | In September 1993, Madonna embarked on The Girlie Show World Tour, in which she dressed as a whip-cracking dominatrix surrounded by topless dancers. In Puerto Rico she rubbed the island's flag between her legs on stage, resulting in outrage among the audience. In March 1994, she appeared as a guest on the Late Show wit... | whip | advqa_5981 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What did the people who reacted badly say about Madonna about her career? | In September 1993, Madonna embarked on The Girlie Show World Tour, in which she dressed as a whip-cracking dominatrix surrounded by topless dancers. In Puerto Rico she rubbed the island's flag between her legs on stage, resulting in outrage among the audience. In March 1994, she appeared as a guest on the Late Show wit... | her career was over | advqa_5982 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What kind of land is Puerto Rico? | In September 1993, Madonna embarked on The Girlie Show World Tour, in which she dressed as a whip-cracking dominatrix surrounded by topless dancers. In Puerto Rico she rubbed the island's flag between her legs on stage, resulting in outrage among the audience. In March 1994, she appeared as a guest on the Late Show wit... | island | advqa_5983 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What late night TV broadcast did Madonna appear on in 1994? | In September 1993, Madonna embarked on The Girlie Show World Tour, in which she dressed as a whip-cracking dominatrix surrounded by topless dancers. In Puerto Rico she rubbed the island's flag between her legs on stage, resulting in outrage among the audience. In March 1994, she appeared as a guest on the Late Show wit... | the Late Show | advqa_5984 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What did Madonna's character in The Girlie Show World Tour use? | In September 1993, Madonna embarked on The Girlie Show World Tour, in which she dressed as a whip-cracking dominatrix surrounded by topless dancers. In Puerto Rico she rubbed the island's flag between her legs on stage, resulting in outrage among the audience. In March 1994, she appeared as a guest on the Late Show wit... | a whip | advqa_5985 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
what was her traveling entourage named? | In September 1993, Madonna embarked on The Girlie Show World Tour, in which she dressed as a whip-cracking dominatrix surrounded by topless dancers. In Puerto Rico she rubbed the island's flag between her legs on stage, resulting in outrage among the audience. In March 1994, she appeared as a guest on the Late Show wit... | The Girlie Show World Tour | advqa_5986 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
How did Madonna appear on the Late Show with David Letterman? | In September 1993, Madonna embarked on The Girlie Show World Tour, in which she dressed as a whip-cracking dominatrix surrounded by topless dancers. In Puerto Rico she rubbed the island's flag between her legs on stage, resulting in outrage among the audience. In March 1994, she appeared as a guest on the Late Show wit... | aggressive | advqa_5987 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
When did Madonna dress as a dominatrix? | In September 1993, Madonna embarked on The Girlie Show World Tour, in which she dressed as a whip-cracking dominatrix surrounded by topless dancers. In Puerto Rico she rubbed the island's flag between her legs on stage, resulting in outrage among the audience. In March 1994, she appeared as a guest on the Late Show wit... | The Girlie Show World Tour | advqa_5988 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Wheredid Madonna uses inappropriate language on television? | In September 1993, Madonna embarked on The Girlie Show World Tour, in which she dressed as a whip-cracking dominatrix surrounded by topless dancers. In Puerto Rico she rubbed the island's flag between her legs on stage, resulting in outrage among the audience. In March 1994, she appeared as a guest on the Late Show wit... | as a guest on the Late Show with David Letterman | advqa_5989 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who did she disagree with? | After Madonna signed a singles deal with Sire, her debut single, "Everybody", was released in October 1982, and the second, "Burning Up", in March 1983. Both became big club hits in the United States, reaching number three on Hot Dance Club Songs chart compiled by Billboard magazine. After this success, she started dev... | Reggie Lucas | advqa_5990 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Madonna achieved success with the help of whom, originally? | After Madonna signed a singles deal with Sire, her debut single, "Everybody", was released in October 1982, and the second, "Burning Up", in March 1983. Both became big club hits in the United States, reaching number three on Hot Dance Club Songs chart compiled by Billboard magazine. After this success, she started dev... | Sire | advqa_5991 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What song did Madonna release after the success of her debut? | After Madonna signed a singles deal with Sire, her debut single, "Everybody", was released in October 1982, and the second, "Burning Up", in March 1983. Both became big club hits in the United States, reaching number three on Hot Dance Club Songs chart compiled by Billboard magazine. After this success, she started dev... | "Burning Up" | advqa_5992 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Whose work did Madonna not approve of? | After Madonna signed a singles deal with Sire, her debut single, "Everybody", was released in October 1982, and the second, "Burning Up", in March 1983. Both became big club hits in the United States, reaching number three on Hot Dance Club Songs chart compiled by Billboard magazine. After this success, she started dev... | Reggie Lucas | advqa_5993 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
Who was Madonna less than pleased with? | After Madonna signed a singles deal with Sire, her debut single, "Everybody", was released in October 1982, and the second, "Burning Up", in March 1983. Both became big club hits in the United States, reaching number three on Hot Dance Club Songs chart compiled by Billboard magazine. After this success, she started dev... | Lucas | advqa_5994 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What caused Madonna to start making her first album? | After Madonna signed a singles deal with Sire, her debut single, "Everybody", was released in October 1982, and the second, "Burning Up", in March 1983. Both became big club hits in the United States, reaching number three on Hot Dance Club Songs chart compiled by Billboard magazine. After this success, she started dev... | success | advqa_5995 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
How popular did Madonna's singles become? | After Madonna signed a singles deal with Sire, her debut single, "Everybody", was released in October 1982, and the second, "Burning Up", in March 1983. Both became big club hits in the United States, reaching number three on Hot Dance Club Songs chart compiled by Billboard magazine. After this success, she started dev... | Both became big club hits in the United States, reaching number three on Hot Dance Club Songs chart compiled by Billboard magazine | advqa_5996 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What was her biggest complaint? | After Madonna signed a singles deal with Sire, her debut single, "Everybody", was released in October 1982, and the second, "Burning Up", in March 1983. Both became big club hits in the United States, reaching number three on Hot Dance Club Songs chart compiled by Billboard magazine. After this success, she started dev... | she was not happy with the completed tracks | advqa_5997 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What was Madonna's debut called? | After Madonna signed a singles deal with Sire, her debut single, "Everybody", was released in October 1982, and the second, "Burning Up", in March 1983. Both became big club hits in the United States, reaching number three on Hot Dance Club Songs chart compiled by Billboard magazine. After this success, she started dev... | Madonna | advqa_5998 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
What major life change happened one year before Madonna adopted Mercy James? | Life with My Sister Madonna, a book by Madonna's brother Christopher, debuted at number two on The New York Times bestseller list. The book caused some friction between Madonna and her brother, because of the unsolicited publication. Problems also arose between Madonna and Ritchie, with the media reporting that they we... | Madonna filed for divorce from Ritchie | advqa_5999 | adversarial_qa | expert | adversarial_reading_comprehension | null | [] | {} |
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