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http://45.what-are-the-factors.com/
What Are the Factors of 45?
What Are the Factors of 45? What Are the Factors of 45?
What Are the Factors of 45? What Are the Factors of 45? The factors of 45 are 1, 3, 5, 9, 15, 45. Calcating the factors of 45 is straightforward. 1 and 45 are the first two factors. Try 1. 1 x 45 = 45, so put these into our factor list. 1 ... 45 Take 2... no good. 45/2 isn't a whole number. So we skip 2. Now take 3. 3 x 15 = 45, so now we put these in our list of factors. 1 3 ... 15 45 Next try 4... no luck. 45/4 isn't a whole number. So we skip 4. Now try 5. 5 x 9 = 45, so put these into our factor list. 1 3 5 ... 9 15 45 Try 6... no good. 45/6 isn't a whole number. So we skip 6. Take 7... no. 45/7 isn't a whole number. So we skip 7. Now, since we don't have any more numbers to try, we're done! 1 3 5 9 15 45 ... What Are the Factors of 16? What Are the Factors of 17? What Are the Factors of 18? What Are the Factors of 19? What Are the Factors of 20? What Are the Factors of 21? What Are the Factors of 22? What Are the Factors of 23? What Are the Factors of 24? What Are the Factors of 25? What Are the Factors of 26? What Are the Factors of 27? What Are the Factors of 28? What Are the Factors of 29? What Are the Factors of 30? What Are the Factors of 31? What Are the Factors of 32? What Are the Factors of 33? What Are the Factors of 34? What Are the Factors of 35? What Are the Factors of 36? What Are the Factors of 37? What Are the Factors of 38? What Are the Factors of 39? What Are the Factors of 40? What Are the Factors of 41? What Are the Factors of 42? What Are the Factors of 43? What Are the Factors of 44? What Are the Factors of 45? What are the prime factors of 45? What is the prime factorization of 45 ? What Are the Factors of 46? What Are the Factors of 47? What Are the Factors of 48? What Are the Factors of 49? What Are the Factors of 50? What Are the Factors of 51? What Are the Factors of 52? What Are the Factors of 53? What Are the Factors of 54? What Are the Factors of 55? What Are the Factors of 56? What Are the Factors of 57? What Are the Factors of 58? What Are the Factors of 59? What Are the Factors of 60? What Are the Factors of 61? What Are the Factors of 62? What Are the Factors of 63? What Are the Factors of 64? What Are the Factors of 65? What Are the Factors of 66? What Are the Factors of 67? What Are the Factors of 68? What Are the Factors of 69? What Are the Factors of 70? What Are the Factors of 71? What Are the Factors of 72? What Are the Factors of 73? What Are the Factors of 74? What Are the Factors of 75? ... Try another number: Need help finding the factors of 45? It's easy! Here you go: the factors of 45 are 1, 3, 5... Randy Tayler | randytayler@gmail.com
msmarco_doc_00_25883427
http://450.extensionfile.net/
Open 450 File
Open 450 File Open 450 File How to Open 450 file What is 450 File? 450 File Applications
Open 450 File Open 450 File To open 450 file you need to find an application which works with that kind of file. 450 file extension is used by operating systems to recognize files with content of type 450. Here is some information which will get you started. How to Open 450 file To see if you have an application which support 450 file format you need to double click on the file. This will either open it with matching application or Windows will suggest you to look for an application for file extension 450 either on web or on local computer. If there is no application on your computer which can open 450 files you need to search on the internet which application can open 450 files. What is 450 File? File extensions help computers locate correct application for specific files. Operating systems will not look into the content of the files to be opened, but instead, it will immediately locate the file extension of the file and locate for associated application that can open 450 files. This helps the computer to organize its functions and work much faster. Most operating systems (Windows) require the use of file extensions, but others do not (Unix). These file extensions are also beneficial for us. By simply looking at the filename, we can determine what type of information is stored to that and what applications can open these files. Have you noticed that when your computer acquires an unknown file, it will ask your permission to look for associated program to open it or look for these programs over the Internet? Yes! These file extensions make the work of the computer easy. Once there is no application associated with the file, then the computer will immediately ask the users assistance to help look for the source files. 450 File Applications If you know which application opens file extension 450 and it is not mentioned on our site please e-mail us via contact form. For more information on how to open 450 files read other articles on this website.
msmarco_doc_00_25886361
http://450bushmaster.net/viewtopic.php?t=1077
450Bushmaster.net • View topic - Another buffer question
450Bushmaster.net 450Bushmaster.net Another buffer question Another buffer question Re: Another buffer question Re: Another buffer question Re: Another buffer question Re: Another buffer question
450Bushmaster.net • View topic - Another buffer question 450Bushmaster.net Another buffer question Talk about the AR15 style rifles chambered in 450 Bushmaster. Moderator: MudBug 13 posts • Page 1 of 2 • 1 , 2 Another buffer question by bighole » Sun Sep 26, 2010 5:37 am OK guys , the more I look into this the more I think I'm getting confused. I had some problems with my 5.56 today and looking into the problem found that my .450 may be wrong too. I have a 20" rifle 450 , with a standard mil-spec collapsible carbine stock. Standard carbine buffer. Is this not good? Shall I get a rifle stock with a rifle buffer / tube? It functions fine but the book I have says not to mix carbine buffers / tubes with rifle buffers / tubes? bighole Posts: 11 Joined: Thu Jun 03, 2010 8:29 am Location: SC Top Re: Another buffer question by lucasphi20 » Sun Sep 26, 2010 5:56 am What kind of problems did you have? The most common problem you read about in AR forums (I've experienced this myself) is checking to make sure gas key is staked tight to the bolt carrier. As far as the buffer, Bushmaster designed it to be drop in using factory buffers. I use my factory Bushmaster carbine stock and buffer and it works great. Some people say use the heavier M4 buffer or other buffers, but that seems mainly for recoil control. You can not mix carbine buffers with rifle buffer tubes or rifle buffers with carbine buffer tubes. The rifle tube and buffer are longer, if you put a rifle buffer in the carbine buffer tube the bolt carrier would not be able to travel far enough to operate. If a carbine buffer was put in a rifle tube, I can only imagine that the tension would be too light and would not chamber and lock. “If everybody is thinking alike, then somebody isn't thinking.” General George S. Patton Jr., USA lucasphi20 Posts: 32 Joined: Wed Dec 30, 2009 6:55 pm Top Re: Another buffer question by bighole » Sun Sep 26, 2010 11:05 am The .450 works fine. Yes a rifle buffer is just to long for a carbine tube , it would not operate. My 20" 5.56 has a carbine tube and buffer. The problem is the trigger does not reset. BUT I noticed ( after I got home) the disconector spring was not seated properly , possibly causing a bind with the hammer. I was doing some research ( in my book that I half read ) and the author states that "a carbine buffer and tube on a rifle gas system can sheer off the gas key or crack the lower ". I was just wondering does this apply to the .450 also? Doesent the bore diameter change port pressures ? "I always herd there were three types of suns in Kansas , sunshine , sunflowers , and sons-a-bitches" The outlaw Josey Wales bighole Posts: 11 Joined: Thu Jun 03, 2010 8:29 am Location: SC Top Re: Another buffer question by 2zero6 » Sun Sep 26, 2010 12:34 pm No problems here with an M4 buffer in a mil-spec buffer tube. "They who can give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary safety, deserve neither liberty nor safety. " - Benjamin Franklin ." Member #55 of the 450b forum. 2zero6 Posts: 526 Joined: Fri Aug 07, 2009 7:55 am Location: Washington State Top Re: Another buffer question by Siringo » Sun Sep 26, 2010 4:02 pm The 450 Bushmaster is built around the rifle buffer tube and buffer that weights about 5.3 oz. Over my tenure of working with this platform, I have gone to a carbine stock (and buffer tube). I HAD used a buffer that weighed 2.8 oz and that did cause some problems while working with heavy slow bullets. Action was opening to soon. I currently run the carbine system with an H3 buffer. In addition to that, I have a Tubbs Carrier Weight System installed in the bolt. Reason for the additional weight was to slow the action down on opening and chambering (to help minimize bullet jump). If you are using factory or equivalent reloads -- this is not necessary though. As long as you use a buffer that weights close to the factory weight or heavier -- you will not have problems. Do not use the rifle buffer in a carbine tube -- the buffer is to long. Do not use a carbine buffer in a rifle tube -- it is to short and may cause damage to the upper receiver if fired. Just keep the buffers matched to the correct tube and you'll be fine. Also, there are rifle actions springs and carbine action spring --rifle is longer than the carbine. Use the correct spring per tube. The 450 Bushmaster platform is built around the standard AR GI parts. For buffer info go to: "www.heavybuffers.com". Siringo Posts: 681 Joined: Mon Jun 08, 2009 5:15 am Top Re: Another buffer question by bighole » Sun Sep 26, 2010 11:15 pm Thanks for the replys. I fixed it last night but could not test until today. I was just sweating it until then.It was the disconnector sping. Just one of those things I should have paid more attention to when assembling. The rifle functioned flawless. Three inch groups at 100 with irons is acceptable for me for a battle rifle and ball ammo. "I always herd there were three types of suns in Kansas , sunshine , sunflowers , and sons-a-bitches" The outlaw Josey Wales bighole Posts: 11 Joined: Thu Jun 03, 2010 8:29 am Location: SC Top Re: Another buffer question by Billsmith63 » Tue Sep 28, 2010 2:48 pm I use a Magpul MOE stock with a carbine length Enidine hydraulic buffer. So far, no problems. Billsmith63 Posts: 36 Joined: Fri Mar 12, 2010 3:43 am Top Re: Another buffer question by wackoo450 » Sat Oct 02, 2010 7:53 pm bighole wrote: OK guys , the more I look into this the more I think I'm getting confused. I had some problems with my 5.56 today and looking into the problem found that my .450 may be wrong too. I have a 20" rifle 450 , with a standard mil-spec collapsible carbine stock. Standard carbine buffer. Is this not good? Shall I get a rifle stock with a rifle buffer / tube? It functions fine but the book I have says not to mix carbine buffers / tubes with rifle buffers / tubes? I found that the A2 stock with the 308 buffer and 308 spring work great. I have a 50 B,450b,6.5g, 6.8R and use that set-up on all of them. Bolt lock-up time is increased and the recoil is reduced. The MOA on all of them was reduced. i have never had a feed problem or a breakage. I have 2 5.56 rifles , a 20" bull and an 18" of which I use the 5.56 buffer and spring. I just keep things simple. wackoo450 Posts: 2 Joined: Sun Apr 11, 2010 5:26 am Top Re: Another buffer question by 2zero6 » Sat Oct 02, 2010 11:46 pm wackoo450 wrote: I found that the A2 stock with the 308 buffer and 308 spring work great. I have a 50 B,450b,6.5g, 6.8R and use that set-up on all of them. Bolt lock-up time is increased and the recoil is reduced. The MOA on all of them was reduced. i have never had a feed problem or a breakage. I have 2 5.56 rifles , a 20" bull and an 18" of which I use the 5.56 buffer and spring. I just keep things simple. Like the ones DPMS uses on their LR308 rifle? I never thought to try that. My LR-308 AP4 uses a standard ar15 collapsible tube but with a heaver spring and buffer. I'll have to swap it over to my .450 to see if it still works. Great Idea, and welcome aboard (even though you have been lurking around since April)! "They who can give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary safety, deserve neither liberty nor safety. " - Benjamin Franklin ." Member #55 of the 450b forum. 2zero6 Posts: 526 Joined: Fri Aug 07, 2009 7:55 am Location: Washington State Top Re: Another buffer question by wackoo450 » Sun Oct 03, 2010 1:37 am 2zero6 wrote: wackoo450 wrote: I found that the A2 stock with the 308 buffer and 308 spring work great. I have a 50 B,450b,6.5g, 6.8R and use that set-up on all of them. Bolt lock-up time is increased and the recoil is reduced. The MOA on all of them was reduced. i have never had a feed problem or a breakage. I have 2 5.56 rifles , a 20" bull and an 18" of which I use the 5.56 buffer and spring. I just keep things simple. Like the ones DPMS uses on their LR308 rifle? I never thought to try that. My LR-308 AP4 uses a standard ar15 collapsible tube but with a heaver spring and buffer. I'll have to swap it over to my .450 to see if it still works. Great Idea, and welcome aboard (even though you have been lurking around since April)! I use the DPMS LR 308 A2 stock,spring, and buffer. I make one order and get it as a package. keeping it simple. I like to "lurk" on the threads,,a lot of info here. I load 57 calibers and for 51 years at the bench. I am a HOOT fan. I like that 40 carbine thread,,I think i will get a LR308 upper,bolt and barrel, get it rechamberd and bored, 1 in 10 twist, stretch the neck of the 308 case, with a 40 s@w resizer ball. that is keeping it simple. I make 357 Herret from 30-30 cases, so the 40 carbine should be pretty easy. Let me know how the LR308 AP$ works on the 450b. wackoo450 Posts: 2 Joined: Sun Apr 11, 2010 5:26 am Top Next 13 posts • Page 1 of 2 • 1 , 2 Return to AR15 Style Rifles Jump to: Select a forum ------------------ 450Bushmaster AR15 Style Rifles Bolt Action Rifles Pistols Reloading for the 450b Optics for the 450 Bushmaster 450B Children The Trophy Wall General Discussions Firearms Reloading Off Topic Outdoors Market Site Discussion The General Trophy Wall Users browsing this forum: No registered users and 11 guests
msmarco_doc_00_25888598
http://451heat.com/2014/04/07/social-activation-why-your-brand-needs-to-aim-beyond-likes/
Social Activation: Why Your Brand Needs to Aim Beyond ‘Likes’ - Boston Advertising Agency – Zozimus Boston Advertising Agency – Zozimus
Social Activation: Why Your Brand Needs to Aim Beyond ‘Likes’ - Boston Advertising Agency – Zozimus Boston Advertising Agency – Zozimus Work Capabilities About Contact Work Capabilities About Contact BLOG POST CATEGORY / Social Media Social Activation: Why Your Brand Needs to Aim Beyond ‘Likes’ So you’ve succeeded in cultivating a large social media following – now what? Most businesses today have made the investment in social media, but how much have you invested in your following? Building a social presence alone will not separate you from the haystack of other businesses like yours in the social sphere. Even consistently pushing out content won’t ignite the potential impact your followers could create for your brand, otherwise known as social activation. What is Social Activation? Social activation is the act of transforming your social media followers from voyeurs, into participants, into ultimately, evangelists. Social activation occurs when fans and followers directly participate in the activities your brand lays out, such as contests, coupon redemption, and photo and experience sharing. Why is Social Activation Important? A recent study of more than 100 brand pages reported that organic reach hovers at 6% of followers. For pages with a 500,000+ following, that percentage dips to an even lower 2%. To capture that elusive social media ROI and to drive engagement, marketers truly need to give the social customer what they want. Another important aspect of social activation is its potential to create brand evangelists. With an army of satisfied customers endorsing your brand via social media and word-of-mouth, you are more likely to draw in new customers. In fact, brand advocates drive 33% more sales and 18% more traffic than regular customers. 78% of consumers trust peer reviews, as opposed to the mere 14% who trust advertisements. Where Do I Start? So, how exactly do you turn a regular customer into a so-called brand evangelist? It’s all about the experience: what your customer expects and how you can make that happen. In the digital age, that means delivering valuable and customized experiences to engage your key customers and build lasting brand loyalty. This could mean anything from holding sponsored brand events, to offering coupons and promotions, to holding contests. When your customers redeem coupons, participate in games or contests, or attend brand events — and have a good experience doing so — they may end up crossing the line from customer to brand advocate. 98% of consumers exposed to a product or service at a brand event will talk up a positive experience, and 93% of event-goers give the sponsoring brand the “OK” to stay in touch via social, email, or coupons. You’ll know that your social activation strategy has succeeded once your customers become more than just participants, but advocates. Key Takeaways Social activation creates deep relationships with customers and means proactively putting your brand in front of customers, rather than waiting for them to find you. Offering the right experience at the right time not only enhances engagement with current fans, but captures the attention of new ones as well. Here are some tips to keep in mind when building your social activation strategy: Show your customers how you deliver not just a product or service, but an experience. Put your customer first – what are they looking for when interacting with your brand? Put your brand’s most valuable assets at the forefront – what sets your brand apart? What can participants gain only from engaging with your brand? What experience do you offer that they can’t get anywhere else. « Back to blog Next Posts 4 Event Marketing Lessons from Brands at Music Festivals Latest Posts Social Media How to Launch a Podcast Social Media Big Tech, Censorship Fallout and Post-Inauguration Possibilities
msmarco_doc_00_25898439
http://45338297.weebly.com/historical-significance.html
Historical Significance - The Code of Hammurabi
Historical Significance Historical Significance
Historical Significance - The Code of Hammurabi Historical Significance "Remarkable for its legal content, this work is also an exceptional source of information about the society, religion, economy, and history of this period." -The Louvre The Code of Hammurabi allows historians to take a look at daily life in ancient Babylon. It is particularly fair for its time as it demands for a trial by judges, rather than vigilante justice. It symbolizes not only the emergence of justice in the minds of men, but also man’s rise above ignorance and barbarism towards peace and justice, which societies still pursue today. The laws in the Code of Hammurabi established stability, allowing the ancient Babylon Empire to flourish. It allowed all of Babylon's citizens to read the laws that governed their lives, and the laws could not be manipulated by a ruler to suit his or her own goals. Some historians even point to the Code of Hammurabi as evidence for a society more advanced than the early medieval period in Europe. Image courtesy of: University of Vienna Video Courtesy of: Dr. Martha Roth, Assyriologist, Oriental Institute
msmarco_doc_00_25902775
http://45338297.weebly.com/social-class-discrimination.html
Social Class Discrimination - The Code of Hammurabi
Social Class Discrimination Social Class Discrimination
Social Class Discrimination - The Code of Hammurabi Social Class Discrimination "If a slave say to his master: "You are not my master," if they convict him his master shall cut off his ear." - Law 282 of the Code of Hammurabi The Code of Hammurabi did bring justice for all social classes of Babylon, which is what Hammurabi intended, but it fails to provide equality. Until recently, it was believed that by nature, some people were inferior to others and as such could not receive the same treatment. Click anywhere on the interactive to advance the slide. Video courtesy of: APTestPrep, YouTube.com
msmarco_doc_00_25904167
http://45338297.weebly.com/stele-of-hammurabi.html
Stele of Hammurabi - The Code of Hammurabi
Stele of Hammurabi Stele of Hammurabi
Stele of Hammurabi - The Code of Hammurabi Stele of Hammurabi "The Law Code of Hammurabi is the emblem of the Mesopotamian civilization. This high basalt stele erected by the king of Babylon in the 18th century B.C.E is a work of art, history and literature, and the most complete legal compendium of Antiquity, dating back to earlier than the Biblical laws. Carried there by a prince from the neighboring country of Elam in Iran in the 12th century B.C.E the monument was exhibited on the Susa acropolis among other prestigious Mesopotamian masterpieces." - The Louvre Museum A 7.4-foot tall structure composed of either diorite or basalt, the Stele of Hammurabi manifests various elements which express Hammurabi's religious, social and economical ideologies. A comparision of a 5' 9" man to the Stele of Hammurabi Image courtesy of: The Louvre Museum The Stele of Hammurabi was discovered broken into three pieces. Otherwise, it was largely undamaged. Image courtesy of: The Louvre Museum Atop the stele is a bas-relief depicting Hammurabi receiving the Code of Hammurabi from Shamash. Hammurabi is shown holding his hand in front of his mouth, symbolizing that Hammurabi rules with the permission of the gods. It is the gods who gave him the power to rule, but he himself is not a god; rather, he is the gods' servants Image courtesy of: Affordable Housing Institute Edit Touch Share Fullscreen Source www.bing.com Made with Learn more Touch image Share image... Fullscreen Image courtesy of: Art & Culture 104, CulturedArt.Blogspot.com Beneath the bas-relief are the actual laws. The Stele of Hammurabi was excavated during the winter of 1902 and 1903 by a French archaeological team. In 1158 B.C.E., Shutruk-Nahhunte I, king of Anshan and Susa, pillaged the art treasures of Mesopotamian civilizations and took them to his capital and modified the stele to fit with his culture. This explains why some text is carefully erased. Creation of the Code Original Text
msmarco_doc_00_25905046
http://4560.eu.ipaddress.com/
▷ 4560.eu Website statistics and traffic analysis | 4560
Domain Summary Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) What are 4560.eu's nameservers? Who is the registrar for the 4560.eu domain? What IP addresses does 4560.eu resolve to? In what countries are 4560.eu servers located in? What webserver software does 4560.eu use? Domain WHOIS Record IP Address and Server Locations San Jose, CA, US Dublin, IE Website and Web Server Information DNS Resource Records Reverse IP - Websites on the same IP Address Websites with Similar Names
▷ 4560.eu Website statistics and traffic analysis | 4560 Domain Summary Global Traffic Rank n/a Estimated Visitors n/a Estimated Page Impressions n/a Domain Creation Date n/a Domain Age n/a IP Addresses 23.99.92.83 40.69.201.11 Web Server Location 2 locations in 2 countries: United States (US), Ireland (IE) Updated: Fri, 28 May 2021 20:09 GMT Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) What are 4560.eu's nameservers? DNS for 4560.eu is provided by the following nameservers: pdns1.ultradns.net pdns2.ultradns.net pdns3.ultradns.org pdns4.ultradns.org pdns5.ultradns.info pdns6.ultradns.co.uk udns1.ultradns.net udns2.ultradns.net Who is the registrar for the 4560.eu domain? The domain has been registered at MarkMonitor International Limited. What IP addresses does 4560.eu resolve to? 4560.eu resolves to the IPv4 addresses 23.99.92.83 and 40.69.201.11. In what countries are 4560.eu servers located in? 4560.eu has servers located in the United States and Ireland. What webserver software does 4560.eu use? 4560.eu is powered by " nginx " webserver. Domain WHOIS Record Domain Name 4560.eu Domain Extension eu Top-Level Domain (TLD) .eu TLD Type Country Code Top-Level Domain (ccTLD) Registrar MarkMonitor International Limited Nameservers pdns1.ultradns.net pdns2.ultradns.net pdns3.ultradns.org pdns4.ultradns.org pdns5.ultradns.info pdns6.ultradns.co.uk udns1.ultradns.net udns2.ultradns.net .eu Sponsoring Organisation EURid vzw/asbl .eu WHOIS Server whois.eu .eu Registry URL http://www.eurid.eu IP Address and Server Locations San Jose, CA, US show map Location San Jose, California, 95141, United States Latitude 37.3322 / 37°19′55″ N Longitude -121.8896 / 121°53′22″ W Timezone America/Los_Angeles Local Time 2021-05-28 15:45:46-07:00 IPv4 Addresses 23.99.92.83 Dublin, IE show map Location Dublin, Leinster, Ireland Latitude 53.3382 / 53°20′17″ N Longitude -6.2591 / 6°15′32″ W Timezone Europe/Dublin Local Time 2021-05-28 23:45:46+01:00 IPv4 Addresses 40.69.201.11 Website and Web Server Information Website Host https://www.recourse.com Server Software nginx DNS Resource Records Name Type Data @ A 23.99.92.83 @ A 40.69.201.11 @ represents the DNS zone origin 4560.eu as often found in BIND zone files Reverse IP - Websites on the same IP Address norton.com vpp.norton.com firewallplus.biz norton.ru activityshield.biz alertor.biz browserdefender.biz clubnorton.biz confidenceinaconnectedworld.biz Websites with Similar Names 456.vn 456.wiki 456.works 456.xyz 456.zone 4560.ltd 4560.net 4560.us 45600.app 45600.cloud See also: Domain List - Page 607,031
msmarco_doc_00_25907267
http://45dc.org/
45B District Court-Home
45th District Court 45th District Court The 45th District Court is now streaming live on YouTube! For Chief Judge Appel's Courtroom, click this link: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCo-ZUHTaMKuDRg9FV8qIshw For Judge Horowitz's Courtroom, click this link: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1w8tPk3trrs90be329y6fg Public Record Lookup is now available online. The Court provides access to online Records of Action as a public service and as a convenience to users. A search will not display information on non-public cases. The Court does not warrant the accuracy contained in the ROA and is not responsible for any errors or omissions. The Court assumes no liability for any actions taken in reliance on the ROA. The online ROA is not considered an official court record and should not be used for background checks.
45B District Court-Home 45th District Court The 45th District Court is now streaming live on YouTube! For Chief Judge Appel's Courtroom, click this link: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCo-ZUHTaMKuDRg9FV8qIshw For Judge Horowitz's Courtroom, click this link: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1w8tPk3trrs90be329y6fg Public Record Lookup is now available online. The Court provides access to online Records of Action as a public service and as a convenience to users. A search will not display information on non-public cases. The Court does not warrant the accuracy contained in the ROA and is not responsible for any errors or omissions. The Court assumes no liability for any actions taken in reliance on the ROA. The online ROA is not considered an official court record and should not be used for background checks. Click here to access Public Records The court is open Monday through Friday from 8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. except for holidays. The 45th District Court encompasses the Charter Township of Royal Oak, and the Cities of Huntington Woods, Oak Park, and Pleasant Ridge. The 45th District Court is served by two elected judges and two appointed magistrates, with daily operations directed by Court Administrator Nancy Waldmann. The 45th District Court has exclusive jurisdiction over: civil litigation up to $25,000 small claims disputes in which the claim does not exceed $5,500 all landlord-tenant disputes and land contract forfeitures criminal misdemeanors where punishment does not exceed one year imprisonment at a county jail. felony cases-where punishment exceeds one year of imprisonment. The district court only handles arraignments, setting/accepting bail, and preliminary examinations on felony cases. traffic and parking violations
msmarco_doc_00_25910690
http://45degreeslatitude.com/blog/news/using-a-canadian-credit-card-in-us-gas-pumps-with-zip-code/
Using a Canadian Credit Card in US Gas Pumps With Zip Code
Using a Canadian Credit Card in US Gas Pumps With Zip Code Using a Canadian Credit Card in US Gas Pumps With Zip Code
Using a Canadian Credit Card in US Gas Pumps With Zip Code Using a Canadian Credit Card in US Gas Pumps With Zip Code February 17, 2021 admin 0 Comments I travel a lot in the US especially when I wish to add to my stock video footage library I sell on Pond5.com. One of the most frustrating things I found was using self-service gas bars and not being able to use my Canadian credit card at the pump because most of the pumps ask for a Zip Code for authorization. Unfortunately the US pumps don’t recognize Canadian postal codes. In the past I had to go inside the gas bar, wait in line, then pre-pay for gas or they wanted to hold my credit card while I pumped gas- not a good idea. I read a blog post by someone a few months ago on how to bypass the zip code request. I tried it dozens of times and it has never failed. Just do this: swipe your card as normal at the pump. When it asks for your zip code, key in the number digits of your postal code followed by zeros to make up 5 digits (there’s 5 digits in a US postal code). For example, my postal code is K0H1K0 so I key in the zero, the one and the last zero. Then I add 2 zeros at the end to make up 5 digits: 01000. Then hit Enter if it requests it. Another example, if your postal code is A2B3C4 you enter 23400 plus two zeros and hit Enter. That’s it! PS. Credit card companies don’t guarantee this will work in every pump but it’s worth a try. Hope this works for you! Tags: Canadian, credit card, gas pump, postal code, US, zip code Post navigation Previous: 2021 Best Free Internet Directories for Canadian Business – Submit Your Business For Free! Next: How To Plan Do-It-Yourself (DIY) Training Video Production
msmarco_doc_00_25913432
http://45dollarperday.blogspot.com/
How I Make $25 to $60/ Day Online
How I Make $25 to $60/ Day Online How I Make $25 to $60/ Day Online make money in 72 hrs
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msmarco_doc_00_25915514
http://45thdivisionmuseum.com/index.php/history/from-swastika-to-thunderbird/
From Swastika to Thunderbird - 45th Infantry Division Museum
From Swastika to Thunderbird From Swastika to Thunderbird
From Swastika to Thunderbird - 45th Infantry Division Museum History From Swastika to Thunderbird From Swastika to Thunderbird For the first 15 years of its existence, members of the 45th Infantry Division proudly wore on their left shoulders an ancient American Indian symbol of good luck, most commonly referred to as the swastika. The insignia served as recognition of the great number of Native Americans proudly serving in the 45th Infantry Division. The yellow swastika on a square background of red symbolized the Spanish Heritage of the 4 Southwestern states that made up the membership of the 45th—Oklahoma, New Mexico, Colorado, and Arizona. A similar symbol was adopted by the Nazi party in the late 1920’s, and as the N.S.D.A.P. rose to power in 1933 the symbol became so closely associated with German National socialism that it had to be abandoned as the insignia of the 45th Infantry Division. For many months division members wore no insignia, while the design for a new emblem was being explored. The 45th Infantry Division held a contest to assist in selection of the new insignia and many designs were submitted. The contest was overseen by a board of officers who eventually determined the Thunderbird would become the new insignia of the 45th Infantry Division. In keeping with the tradition formerly established, it was also decided to maintain the same colors and design of the original insignia. In 1939 after approval of the Commanding General, Eighth Corps Area, and the Chief of the National Guard Bureau, the Thunderbird design was officially approved by the War Department and authorized for manufacture and wear. The document approving the design, which was to become famous in World War II and the Korean War, stated that, the Thunderbird was a Native American symbol signifying “sacred bearer of happiness unlimited.” Contrary to popular belief the 45th “swastika” was never manufactured reversed as compared to the one used by the Nazis. The main difference was of course the color (the Nazi swastika was invariably black), and whereas (in most cases) theirs was canted at a 45 degree angle, the 45th was plumb. There are a large number of reverse image 45th swastika patches floating around out there, many look quite old and moth eaten. None of them are authentic.
msmarco_doc_00_25922722
http://45thdivisionmuseum.com/index.php/history/history-of-the-45th-infantry/
History Of the 45th Infantry - 45th Infantry Division Museum
History Of the 45th Infantry History Of the 45th Infantry
History Of the 45th Infantry - 45th Infantry Division Museum History History Of the 45th Infantry History Of the 45th Infantry Following World War I, the National Defense Act of 1920 created the authority to form the 45th Infantry Division from the four states of Oklahoma, Colorado, Arizona and New Mexico. The division was organized in 1923, and Oklahoma members camped together for the first time at Fort Sill, Oklahoma, in 1924. In the period pre-dating World War II, the division was called upon to maintain order in times of disasters and keep peace during periods of political unrest. Governor John C. Walton used the Guard to prevent the Legislature from meeting when they were preparing to impeach him in 1923. Governor William H. Murray’s calls to duty included the enforcement of closing of banks and keeping open a free bridge on the Red River, in spite of a federal court order that it not be opened. In September of 1940 the division was ordered into federal service for one year to engage in a training program. The division’s time in federal service began at Ft. Sill, and at the end of the first year they had participated in the Louisiana Maneuvers. By the end of the year the world situation had worsened, and the Thunderbirds continued their training and prepared for war. The Thunderbirds trained at Fort Sill, OK; Camp Barkeley, TX; Fort Devens, MA; Pine Camp, NY; and Camp Pickett, VA. They had trained hard for their part in World War II, and on July 10, 1943 the division participated in their first of four amphibious landings. In all the division served 511 days in combat; fighting their way across Sicily, Italy, France, and Germany. The National Guard Division of the southwest became highly regarded by both regular army forces and the enemy for their valiant efforts and fighting abilities. The 45th Infantry Division served with General George S. Patton’s U.S. 7th Army during the Sicilian campaign, and when the fighting was done, the commander had this to say about the division, “Your division is one of the best, if not the best division in the history of American arms.” Following World War II the division reverted back to National Guard status, and the 45th Infantry Division became an all-Oklahoma organization. Weekly evening drill periods were again held in armories statewide, and Fort Sill was the site of their annual summer encampment. In June of 1950 South Korea was invaded by North Korea this action led to the second federal mobilization of the 45th Infantry Division. The Thunderbirds were one of only two National Guard divisions to see combat in the Korean War; the other being the 40th of California. Training for Korea began at Camp Polk, and in March of 1951 the division shipped out for Hokkaido, Japan for a continuation of their training. The move to Korea was made in December, 1951. The division served in the Yonchon-Chorwon area, and in sectors fronting Old Baldy, Pork Chop Hill, Heartbreak Ridge, and Luke’s Castle. The majority of the Oklahoma’s Guardsmen began returning to the States in the spring of 1952, but the division remained in Korea until the end of the conflict in 1953. In all the 45th Division saw 429 days in battle, participating in 4 campaigns. After Korea the division reverted to their stateside status as a National Guard unit with reorganization in 1959 changing the structure of the division from a triangular to a pentomic division. The pentomic division was made up of 5 battle groups, each smaller than a regiment, but larger than a battalion. In January 1969 the 45th Infantry Division was disbanded. The former division was restructured into an infantry brigade, an artillery group, and a support command, with state headquarters providing general administrative and logistical support. This did not mean the end of the Thunderbird; the Thunderbird patch was retained by all the organizations, with the exception of the state headquarters, which continued to be identified with the Indian-head patch.
msmarco_doc_00_25925343
http://46679212.weebly.com/the-ruby-bridges-foundation.html
The Ruby Bridges Foundation - Ruby Bridges
The Ruby Bridges Foundation "Racism is a grown-up disease and we must stop using our children to spread it." The Ruby Bridges Foundation
The Ruby Bridges Foundation - Ruby Bridges Ruby Bridges Home Background Integration Impact The Ruby Bridges Foundation Conclusion Documents Process Paper Bibliography "Racism is a grown-up disease and we must stop using our children to spread it." - The Ruby Bridges Foundation Motto Back to home ("In a Class of Only One: Ruby Bridges") The Ruby Bridges Foundation In 1999, Ruby Bridges created the "Ruby Bridges Foundation" to help end the fight of racism. The Ruby Bridges Foundation was established in New Orleans in 1999. The foundation's purpose is to promote respect and equal treatment to all races or all differences. "The foundation's primary initiative is to create a school in the William Frantz Elementary building that will serve as a model for integration and equity in education. It will create a learning environment that brings children together so that they can do what previous generations have not been able to do: embrace our racial and cultural differences so that we can move forward." The foundation's purpose was based around one moment when Ruby Bridges crossed the barrier of segregation and changed education. Not only did she desegregate education, she changed society. Instead of different schools, we are together as one big family with the help of Ruby Bridges ("Ruby Bridges Foundation", 2015). Conclusion
msmarco_doc_00_25929668
http://47vibez.com.ng/mc-quakez-roadman-shaq-fire-in-the-booth/
MC Quakez & Roadman Shaq - Fire in the Booth (Freestyle)
MC Quakez & Roadman Shaq – Fire in the Booth (Freestyle) Audio MC Quakez & Roadman Shaq – Fire in the Booth (Freestyle) What is Fire in the Booth? DOWNLOAD MC Quakez & Roadman Shaq – Fire in the Booth
MC Quakez & Roadman Shaq - Fire in the Booth (Freestyle) Audio MC Quakez & Roadman Shaq – Fire in the Booth (Freestyle) By Mr. 47 | 16th September 2017 MC Quakez & Roadman Shaq – Fire in the Booth (Freestyle) British comedian Michael Dapaah plays the roles of MC Quakez and Roadman Shaq in his Fire in the Booth freestyle. It is the second Fire in the Booth performed by a comedian after 2015’s R.S. Dapaah begins the freestyle as MC Quakez, an aspiring UK rapper who thinks he has bars but doesn’t realise how bad he is, continuously missing the drop during the first half of the freestyle. MC Quakez and his partner Shakes then exit for Roadman Shaq (also played by Dapaah) to take over the booth to spit over 67’s “Let’s Lurk”. What is Fire in the Booth? Fire in the Booth is a long-running radio freestyle segment on BBC 1Xtra, hosted by Charlie Sloth. It is similar in vein to American freestyle segments like Sway’s “5 Fingers of Death”, except it features upcoming MCs as well as established acts to showcase their lyricism. The segment is highly respected among the British rap audience and has propelled multiple careers. Audio Player https://www.47vibez.com.ng/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/MC_Quakez_Roadman_Shaq_-_Fire_in_the_Booth_Freestyle__47vibez.com.ng_.mp3 00:00 00:00 00:00 Use Up/Down Arrow keys to increase or decrease volume. DOWNLOAD MC Quakez & Roadman Shaq – Fire in the Booth Check on the lyrics below: [Verse 1: Roadman Shaq] 2 plus 2 is 4 Minus 1 that’s 3, quick maths Everyday man’s on the block, smoke trees See your girl in the park, that girl is a uckers When the ting went quack-quack-quack, you man were ducking Hold tight Asnee, he’s got the pumpy Hold tight my man, he’s got the frisbee I trap trap trap on the road, movin’ that cornflakes Rice Krispie, hold tight my girl Whitney On the road doin’ ten tours, allow my toes You man thought I froze I see a peng girl then I pose If she’s not on it I ghost Hah, look at your nose What? You dickhead! Look at your nose Nose long like garden hose, shhhh, you get me? Boom, man’s gonna come back in [Interlude] You know like that, you’re feelin’ that You dun know, I see you shiverin’ and that Don’t get shook man’s here you protected-ed Aight, boom Let’s go, boom [Verse 2: Roadman Shaq] Hop out the four door with the .44 It was 1, 2, 3 and 4 Chillin’ in the corridor, your dad is 44 And he still calling man for a draw Let him know, when I see him, I’m gonna spin his jaw Take my Twix by force Send man shop by force Your girl knows I’ve got the sauce, no ketchup Just sauce, raw sauce Boom, yo, gah The ting goes Skrrrat! Pap pap ka ka ka! Skidiki pap pap! And a pu pu drrrr boom! SKYAAA! Du du ku ku tun tun! Poom poom! You dun know, Big Shaq Ha, yo, yeah yeah Alright, fire-fire-fire in the booth You get me, man’s not hot I tell her man’s not hot I tell her man’s not hot The girl told me take off your jacket I said babes, man’s not hot Yo, man can never be hot Perspiration ting, Lynx effect Yo, you dun know Related Items Fire in the Booth (Freestyle) MC Quakez Roadman Shaq Mr. 47 HITMANUZY is a Nigerian music fanatic. A great lover of information and its dispersal
msmarco_doc_00_25931375
http://48-laws-of-power.blogspot.com/2008/12/law-2-never-put-too-much-trust-in.html
48 laws of power: law 2: never put too much trust in friends – learn how to use enemies
48 laws of power 48 laws of power Friday, December 19, 2008 law 2: never put too much trust in friends – learn how to use enemies 51 comments:
48 laws of power: law 2: never put too much trust in friends – learn how to use enemies 48 laws of power Friday, December 19, 2008 law 2: never put too much trust in friends – learn how to use enemies 1937 was difficult for Communist China. There was a civil war against the Nationalists and at the same time, Japan was invading. Mao’s advisors told him to let the Nationalists and the Japanese fight each other out. But Mao knew that China was too vast to be conquered by Japan. Instead, the Communists and the Nationalists, bitter rivals, fought alongside each other until Japan retreated. The story does not end there. The Communists had now gained enough experience to defeat the Nationalists once and for all. Enemies make great motivations. They give us someone we are better than; someone we have to prove something to. They never expect it if they are treated otherwise. When Emperor Sung took over the imperial throne of China, he gave riches and positions in his palace to all those he conquered. This won them over; the Sung Dynasty ruled for 300 years. Enemies treated kindly are forever grateful. At the same time, they are out to prove that they are worthy of your kindness. Abraham Lincoln put it simply, “do I not destroy my enemies when I make them my friends?” In fact, we have to be even more wary of our friends. They are trusted but too much power and wealth can go to the head too easily. Let your guard down and, well, look at what happened to Michael III. Basilius, a stable boy, saved Michael III’s life and the two became the closest of friends. Who better for Michael III to choose as his councilor, right? Not quite. The power and wealth quickly went to Basilius’ head. One night, the emperor awoke to Basilius in his room and by dawn, he was emperor. The law tells us (1) to make good use of our enemies and (2) we can never be too sure of our friends. As the old saying goes, keep your friends close but your enemies closer. Like Caesar, we have our own Brutuses, but if we can’t trust our friends, then who is left? Emperor Sung was wise, but, as seen in the film 300, Xerxes did something similar. And all it took was 300 fearless Spartans to unite Greece and knock the Persian off his perch. If a long time friend can too easily betray you, what’s to stop a former enemy from doing so? Sam Bautista Hi18 – K Posted by Andrea Jalandoni at 12:36 AM 51 comments: Reggae Princess said... I agree with you Sam, if we don't trust our friends, who is there left to trust? One thing that went through the my mind when I read this was, "Wow, I pity those who strive for power" for they don't have friends at all. In my opinion, friendship is in essence a kind of vulnerability in itself. You allow people to reveal themselves to you and you allow yourself to reveal yourself to them. There is no such thing as not completely trusting. Not completely trusting is not trusting at all. This is manipulation and deception at its best, in my opinion, because you ultimately can't trust anything then. You make your "friends" your potential-enemies and you make your enemies your "friends". And each friendship would then all be based on lies. And you would be stuck in the middle of a vicious circle. Marion Causing Hi18- K December 19, 2008 at 9:32 PM Anonymous said... Though that is true, that friends can sometimes betray you, what about the times when a friend will give his life for you? These are the extremes of friendship and i don't think that just discussing one side is fair to the other. Then again, you were only required to defend one side because that was the law. Personally, I would still choose to trust my friends despite the risk. --Loo (ps. I obviously don't know the mechanics of this assignment. haha) December 19, 2008 at 11:32 PM Anonymous said... Sometimes, bitter rivals make the best team. During the last American elections, Barack Obama won as the Democratic candidate over Sen. Hillary Clinton. Now, after winning the presidency over John Mccain, president-elect Obama appointed Sen. Clinton as the new secretary of state. This shows how two, once colliding forces can get together to form a team that can hopefully change the mess that the previous administration has put in their country. "Hillary's appointment is a sign to friend and foe of the seriousness of my commitment to renew American diplomacy and restore our alliances," Obama said at a news conference in Chicago, Illinois. Tom Manahan Hi 18- K December 21, 2008 at 11:15 PM Anonymous said... on a less devious light in using enemies, i think that we should think of it simply as putting differences/hatred aside. Tapping into someone else's resources and expertise does not mean you have to be best friends with them. Realistically for example, if you hated the owner of a restaurant, but you and everyone knows that his place makes the best brownies in the city, and being a brownie lover, you would not let your hatred for the owner to come between you and those delicious brownies. Just pay for the damn things and don't feel as if it's a personal matter. monica ang, L December 23, 2008 at 5:16 AM Anonymous said... i really like that Abraham Lincoln quote. i think that if you do not trust anyone, you make yourself vulnerable to being another target: who cares about you? no one. therefore you have no allies and no one is loyal to you in the same way you are loyal to none. it makes you an island and, that way, you're an easier prey. no one wants to take on an enemy that has powerful friends but no one thinks twice about gunning down someone defenseless and utterly alone. so you have to make a choice -- you have to pick your friends and you have to be loyal to them otherwise, you're at a risk, as well. kyra ballesteros Hi18 K December 27, 2008 at 6:15 AM Anonymous said... i really like lincoln's quote, too. i think it's really really smart. so, i agree with the second statement of the law, in the point of view of what lincoln said. but i disagree w the first one. of course, you have to know who your real friends are. them, you can trust completely. if you don't know them too well, then definitely don't give everything away. that's just being too trusting. ocampo 18-k January 4, 2009 at 1:56 AM happy hammy said... After reading this, I can't help but think about Alfred Alder's personality theory, the difference between striving for success and striving for superiority. As I can see, the 48 laws of power is all about striving for superiority. It is all about putting yourself first before others. By never putting too much trust in friends and learning how to use your enemies, all that is gained is for you and yourself only even if it is disguised as something good like social concern. I guess it's just logical, because for liking power, you also want to reduce the negative things that will get back at you. By this, nothing is ever real because you don't allow yourself to get hurt. I agree with Marion Causing that each friendship would then be based on lies...I think all relationships would be based on lies, even the relationship with your enemies would be based on lies and you would be stuck in the middle of a vicious circle and would later find yourself not being able to move. Leng Desuasido Hi18-L January 9, 2009 at 8:56 PM Miguel Galvez said... If the closest of friends can possibly turn their backs on you, don't you think it's more likely that friends now who used to be enemies then can turn their backs on you, too? In which case, who can we really trust in this world then? Well, all the more reason for you to be careful then. After all, it is possible to keep your friends close and your enemies closer. - Juan Carlos Miguel M. Galvez Hi18 - L January 23, 2009 at 7:43 AM chiocebrero said... As weird as it sounds, the law does make sense to me. But I don't see the law saying that we're not supposed to trust or friends--it just says that we should know the aspects of our friends that we can trust and ones that can be used against us in the future. No friendship is perfect, after all. To answer the comment above: we can't COMPLETELY trust anyone in the world. I say we can't even trust ourselves completely. Anyone can suddenly decide to turn their back on you if they chose to. But humans still trust others, because it's human nature to do so. Trust is risky, but a man cannot survive without trusting others. That is why it's important to know how much trust you're willing to give and how much you're willing to risk, should that trust be breached or destroyed. Chio Cebrero Hi 18 L January 23, 2009 at 6:24 PM Anonymous said... This is a truly unusual law. (The title definitely caught my attention!) I can understand how "learning to use enemies" is a logical thing to do. People tend to be close-minded towards their enemies...not realizing how "beneficial" they can be. But i agree with the comment above (hi chio! ;p ) The statement "never put too much trust in friends" doesn't necessarily mean that we should NOT TRUST THEM. Its foolish if we start being paranoid of possible "backstabbing" and "betrayal" all too much. It's a matter of being careful and knowing how much trust you should give away. I'm reminded of that quote by Frank Cane.. "You may be deceived if you trust too much, but you will live in torment if you do not trust enough." Raizza Encinas HI 18 Section L January 24, 2009 at 2:35 AM Anonymous said... If "only those you trust can betray you" and if "no friendship is perfect", then it seems that everyone should give up on society after all. Hahaha, no of course, I would contend that premise. For human life is quite a paradox - we strive to do something (anything!) yet we fade away anyway. But it is precisely this terminability that drives us. Enemies, after all, also drive us to do something, yes? Free market, anyone? dyl v, L January 25, 2009 at 5:04 AM Anonymous said... this law makes me think about erap and chavit. They considered each other friends, and in the end, they destroyed one another. we all know how their story goes, so i guess, this law makes sense after all. But i still believe that everyone need friends. Everyone should choose them wisely. Even in an ordinary context, friends can be the cause of our downfall. Kriska Rivadillo Hi18 K January 26, 2009 at 4:14 AM Unknown said... It's probable the author was thinking of this in terms of a zoological analogy. Easily, you'd think it as mere collaboration or mutualism where both parties are benefitted. However, I think commensalism is more apt. In the case of using your enemies, you're probably only going to use them so far as they aid you in your goals. And for your friends, it teaches you to learn to detach when things get too frisky. Either way, the others are marginalized for your sake. Joey Palma Hi18-K January 27, 2009 at 1:47 AM Gliza Marasigan said... I can't help but agree with this law -- but to some extent. Indeed, "keep your friends close but your enemies closer" is an ideal tactic because who could better treat you like dirt and challenge your skills other than your enemy? Your enemy would do almost anything to crush you, and so he won't show any sign of mercy. One way to prove that you're the best is to beat the best there is, and not some mediocre troop. Yes, you have a great chance of failing, but it's part of the process of gaining power. If you put your full trust on your friends, always be wary that even your very best friends could turn out to be your worst enemies. Gliza Marasigan Hi18-L January 28, 2009 at 3:36 AM sambau said... This comment has been removed by the author. January 28, 2009 at 3:51 PM sambau said... @marion: I like what you said about not completely trusting as not trusting at all. And people who live like this don't live at all. They say no man is an island. But if you live this way; if, like you said, Marion, you strive for power and have no friends at all, you are alone. Your life would be a lie. Yeah, friendship is a kind of vulnerability, but I think it's also a strength. The fact that you can trust others in that intimate way is a sign of self confidence. It shows that you trust yourself. Which also makes this law kind of ironic. Sure, you will become powerful, but how secure is your power if you're not even secure with yourself? If all your relationships are based on lies, then how is your power not a lie either? January 28, 2009 at 3:55 PM sambau said... @Loo: (Yeah, you obviously don't know the mechanics of this assignment. Haha.) Anyway, it's true what you said: there will be the true friends; those who would die for you. And if you manage to gain such friends, then you are truly lucky. I think that if fate smiles upon you in this way, you won't even need to strive for power. You'll be powerful in your own, better way. January 28, 2009 at 3:59 PM Anonymous said... i think it is only when our friends are not there should we trust our enemies. what are friends for then if enemies could be there. might as well call enemies your friends, right? rely on friends and when worse case scenario happens MAYBE then can you resort to enemies. Better yet i believe that you should make your enemies your friends. let us all be happy living in a world of LOVE! hahaahhahaha Raf Sobrepena Hi - K January 28, 2009 at 5:41 PM krizia said... Being able to trust someone is important. You can't keep everything to yourself. It has been said that "no man is an island." People need each other but I agree that one should never ever put too much trust on just anyone and even on the people you think you really know already. By doing so, you reveal the real you. As tempting as it is to make deep relationships with friends, it makes one vulnerable and that is the last thing you want for yourself especially when striving for power. Krizia Javate Hi18-K January 29, 2009 at 5:34 AM Anonymous said... I think those who strive for power can never get everything in life because I firmly believe that one cannot be happy without true friends. When power is your main concern, you can't be left vulnerable and are forced to be close minded in the realm of relationships. One cannot get too attached to a person and trust him wholly because there is still a possibility of that person turning against him and using all of his weaknesses in causing the latter's downfall. Relationships depend on trust and letting one's guard down. Yes there are those who won't stab you at the back and will be with you all the way supporting you in all of your endeavors but not all of us are equipped with a keen sense of spotting genuine friends from the not. Friendship is all about taking a risk in opening up to people. And for one who strives for eternal glory that's a risk he isn't willing to take. Teri Marcelo Hi 18-K January 29, 2009 at 6:14 AM sambau said... @Tom: Yeah, it is rather amazing to see bitter rivals working together. But what leaves me wondering is how long the partnership can last. They've declared a truce to defeat a common enemy; the enemy of my enemy is my friend, as they say. But what leaves me wondering is how long it can last. In the case you gave, Hillary Clinton does not really owe Obama anything. Given a chance, could she quickly go back onto the other team and let the rivalry ensue again? January 29, 2009 at 6:42 AM sambau said... @monica: I like brownies. Hehe. But seriously, it's cool to think of the law that way. I guess it's true, we don't have to love our enemies, we just have to use them. But I think that will not be easy, because people usually are proud and arrogant. Buying brownies from someone you hated is one thing, but if you go and buy your ENEMY's brownies, wouldn't he at least be suspicious? It sounds awfully pessimistic, but unfortunately, I don't think something very simple can overcome a long-standing antagonism. Which is where the law makes more sense. If you save his life, he will OWE you. And then it might be easier to overcome the years of hatred. January 29, 2009 at 6:57 AM Anonymous said... When I read the law's title, I thought of the Qin Dynasty and the secret to its success. During the warring states period, China was fragmented into different states that waged war with one another to become the superior state. Qin was one of those states. Shang Yang, the Qin ruler, won the war. During Shang Yang's rule, he implemented a lot of policies. But the secret to his dynasty's survival for a few years was his recruitment of 'enemies'. Whenever he heard of prominent figures from the other states, he thought of how they would benefit his dynasty. And when he realizes the benefits that person might bring, he recruits them to work for his state. This is an example of using your enemy. An enemy knows your weaknesses. As they say, if you want a blunt opinion, ask an enemy, not a friend. For they would tell you things which your friends might not have the courage to tell you. Thus, their knowledge might make you realize your weaknesses and you might be given a chance to remedy them. Monica Copuyoc Hi18 - L January 29, 2009 at 9:50 AM Anonymous said... I also think that if we can't even trust our friends, we have no one to trust in this world. However, it is true that we have to choose whom to trust. I think a friend who can be at your side at all times, and who can be loyal to you whatever happens, is really valuable, and at the same time hard to find. Learning how to use enemies can also be a good strategy but I prefer choosing a good friend and putting my trust on her. Yu Chin Hong Hi18-K January 29, 2009 at 10:32 AM Anonymous said... never put too much in friends? Hmm. I believe in that. (I like having friends and lots of them. haha the irony) I think it is because your friends know who you are, your strengths and weaknesses that's why when you get into a fight it'll be difficult because they know everything about you. WE should just be careful of what we tell our friends. However, this law can only be applicable to a person's closest friends. I agree that ENEMIES make us strive for something greater. Like what happened with Scipio and Hannibal. They were enemies. Scipio strove hard and watched Hannibal and learned his strategies. Hannibal made him stronger and smarter. Scipio "used" and copied Hannibal's tactics. In the end, he defeated Hannibal's troops. Scipio became famous for his victory over Hannibal at Cannae. He learned how to use his enemy. Clarice Manuel Hi 18 K January 29, 2009 at 9:17 PM Anonymous said... Rome used Hannibal’s tactics against them constructively. Hannibal scared Rome and shook their whole system; this eventually made Rome powerful, conquering across the Mediterranean. Enemies challenge us which gives us the determination to rise above them. It is human to want to succeed and using enemies for our motivation can give us that sharp advantage over them. Mara Liboro January 29, 2009 at 10:03 PM Anonymous said... *Mara Liboro Hi18-K January 29, 2009 at 10:04 PM danaceline said... What are the chances of a friend betraying you? Just because there is that small possibility doesn't mean you should be doubtful of all your friends. You wouldn't want to watch every step of people as if they're all out to get you, would you? it's not worth it. In fact, i think that considering someone as a friend means putting all your trust in that person. But in the kind of world we're in, people would choose to keep their guards up to be safe, but personally, i'd rather let my guard down and think that i have no reason to doubt my friends. Dana Cammayo Hi18-L January 30, 2009 at 1:12 AM Anonymous said... I think this law creates a balance of things. Our loyalties should always be neutral, regardless of the state of affairs between your peers and bitter enemies. We should always be in our toes, and we shouldn't let both friends and enemies get an advantage over you. Use your power to subdue them both. Alan Ortiz HI18 K January 30, 2009 at 6:17 AM Anonymous said... it's why you should keep your friends close and your enemies closer... haha... It's as simple as that... Not that you should be paranoid and think that everyone is out to get you, but be aware that things can always turn out this way or that and you can at least try to prepare for it... Gail Lim Hi 18-K January 30, 2009 at 6:52 AM sambau said... @kyra That's a good point. That is basically the flaw of this law: in essence, you don't trust anyone. But that is not power. Sure, you may have control over the masses and whatnot, but what's the point if you're all alone? You might be surrounded by minions but you're still alone. And that sucks. That's no way to live life, no matter how powerful you get. January 30, 2009 at 6:55 AM sambau said... @bea o That Lincoln quote is getting famous I see. He was a great man and that was a brilliant quote. Moving on... You're right, Bea. I really doubt your true friends will so easily betray you in the face of power. I think former enemies are more likely to do so. But you have to know them pretty well too. You can't just give out your deepest darkest secrets... How painful would it be if someone you trust would betray you at the snap of your fingers? Being untrusting is not at all a good thing, but neither is trusting too much. January 30, 2009 at 7:08 AM Sean said... There is a saying. The friend of my friend is my friend and the enemy of my enemy is my friend. Scipio did the exact same thing against Hannibal. He defeated the Carthaginian army and created allies that were once his enemies. The result was that he was able to defeat Hannibal Barker at the battle at Zama. He knew how to turn his former enemies into friends and use their new friends against their enemies. Sean Co Hi 18 K January 30, 2009 at 7:10 AM sambau said... @leng: Now that I think about it, Adler makes a good point. This law is all about striving for superiority, striving for power. Striving for success is a different story. But things go the other way as well. If you strive for success, you don't need this law. Or any other law for that matter. You'd be content and probably well on your way to a happy life. The other thing you said is also true. Here's the thing. If all of your relationships are lies, then your life is a lie. And would such a life be worth living, even with all the power in the world? January 30, 2009 at 8:01 AM sambau said... @miguel and chio You know, the thing is you can't live without trusting anyone either. I think Chio said it pretty well, you can't completely trust anyone. Doesn't mean you shouldn't trust anyone at all. About keeping your friends close and your enemies closer, I think there's a huge risk in that. Let them get too close and they might use you, or worse. It's all about being careful, not necessarily with who you pick to be your friends, but how much they can be trusted. January 30, 2009 at 8:08 AM Anonymous said... in war, i guess it just makes sense that it's safer and easier to actively do something yourself and use your enemies rather than depend on someone, even if they are indeed your friends or allies. in trusting someone, you are making yourself vulnerable and are obviously putting yourself at risk. so.. in war, i get how this law makes sense if you really want to stay on the safe side and minimize any risk. in terms of friendship though and outside the context of war, geez. like most of the others have already said, what kind of friendship or view on friendship is that if you can't trust anyone, including your friends? kristina tan hi18 k January 30, 2009 at 8:11 AM Anonymous said... Although friends could betray you, I personally believe that it's better to trust than not to have trust at all (wahaha). Anyway, like Marion said, friendship makes you vulnerable since you reveal yourself to other people. If you don't make yourself vulnerable, how could you ever learn to trust people? I don't want to end up isolating myself and being paranoid for the rest of my life. Despite the chances of betrayal, I'd gladly take the risk. PC Magnaye, Hi18-K January 30, 2009 at 8:27 AM Anonymous said... This law could be faulty at certain points. When one fails to put trust in their friends, they often find themselves being alone. However, it is important not to realy on them completely. People oftne fend for themselves rather than catering to the needs of others. This reminded me of a saying that goes "keep your friends close and your enemies closer". This could be seen in this law. By focusing more on your enemy rather than your friends, you could see how they move and perform. This would give you an advantage with respects to manipulating them for power. Richard Hahn L January 30, 2009 at 8:48 PM Anonymous said... Yes, it is true that some people are using you to attain their goal in the name of "friends". They are not true to you and trusting too much in these friends are really dangerous, may be more dangerous than doing so to your enemy. However, watching out all the people around you who seem to be against you is very wasting and worthless. In this sense, I agree with Dana. Friends are there to be trusted. True friends, which can be really hard to find, are the ones who can guide you to the right step. January 30, 2009 at 9:21 PM Anonymous said... Yes, it is true that some people are using you to attain their goal in the name of "friends". They are not true to you and trusting too much in these friends are really dangerous, may be more dangerous than doing so to your enemy. However, watching out all the people around you who seem to be against you is very wasting and worthless. In this sense, I agree with Dana. Friends are there to be trusted. True friends, which can be really hard to find, are the ones who can guide you to the right step. Hae In Lee Hi18 K January 30, 2009 at 9:22 PM Anonymous said... I agree with this law actually, but aren't enemies still enemies, in the same way when a wild dog is given a bone, it would only offer a temporary respite. The wild dog is still a wild dog, too, after all, and once the reason to ally with you is gone, one way or another, he or she will bite you in the ass when you least expect it. Filbert Tan Hi18-K January 30, 2009 at 10:04 PM Unknown said... i agree. trust, indeed, is an essential factor to a good relationship. however, one cannot always totally submit their trust as that would leave them vulnerable to attack. in a dog-eat-dog world, you should always anticipate that the moment you open your doors fully, someone is bound to take advantage, in your expense. -Angelo Mendoza, His18-L January 31, 2009 at 2:43 AM Anonymous said... I think this is a law about trust. Well, actually, it is more appropriate to call it a law about distrust. You can never be too sure that your present friends will not become your future enemies; you can never be too sure that your enemies cannot be your future friends; and you can never be certain that enemies who turned to friends can’t return to being your enemies. You can’t fully trust anybody so you have to know them and take the opportunity of using them if circumstances allow it. Lucky are those who actually find true friends, and I think those in power are far from lucky. Chris Macalinao Hi18 – L January 31, 2009 at 6:45 AM Anonymous said... This law may seem a little cruel. It’s very manipulative, and asks that you don’t put absolute trust in anyone. In reality any one can betray you. This made me think of alliances. Following this law’s line of thought, how is it that people can form agreements with other nations, when they can actually betray them at any moment? Paolo Banaga Hi 18-L January 31, 2009 at 6:57 AM Anonymous said... people are fearful, desperate creatures by nature. if you're powerful, it's best to keep your allies in need of what you give them. if you don't trust your friends you trust in human nature. but i agree with marion. trying too hard to become powerful leaves you friendless. friends are equals, and the very nature of power and friendship make them incompatible. if you're not in an actual war, you really shouldn't think like you are. Loo, what are you doing here? tska bakit di ka nagcomment sakin??? Du, L January 31, 2009 at 7:33 AM Serica Chua Rojas said... After reading this, I am saddened by the fact that no matter how strong your relationship is with someone, there is no eternal guarantee that your friend won't turn his back on you. I think this law is somehow connected with law 19 (know who you're dealting with - do not offend the wrong person), in which I also relate it with the famous saying that goes: "Keep your friends close, but keep your enemies closer." I like the idea that you can actually use your enemies to your advantage. I think that no matter how bad your relationship is with an enemy, there's also a chance for the 2 of you to actually reconcile and do something remotely fruitful. I used to be part of our cheer dance team in school. And when we had this huge competition once, our batch got into a huge fight with this older batch. So what the head of school decided to do was to thrust both of our teams into a scary situation, in which our sole salvation would be to put aside our differences and work together as a team to beat our common enemy. And it actually turned out to be a good thing, because we ended up being good friends with them. Chua Rojas, Serica Hi 18 - L January 31, 2009 at 8:46 PM Anonymous said... @ Dana-- I agree that it isn't good or healthy to always second guess your friends' intentions. Friendship should be based on trust and commitment. I'm puzzled a bit by this law because to me a friend and an enemy are two very different people. I think that it is both true that you should never put too much trust in friends and you must also learn to use enemies, but I don't think that these two are related. I think that one should have a good balance of friends and enemies as to better one's interactions with different sorts of people and learn to utilize the different relationships you have with them to your benefit. Regina A. Yulo Hi 18 L February 2, 2009 at 7:51 PM Anonymous said... I agree 100% with this chapter. You're friends are the first to stab you behind your back. Gossip and smile when they meet you. Give them a chance and they all over your woman - but then again, if your woman lets any friend do that, she's trash anyway. Watch it with your friends. Many don't see it yet, as they not up there with money, wealth, fame etc. But the day fame starts to come to you, wealth, the jealous begins, envy begins. Watch those lottery videos on youtube and you'll see exactly what I mean on how friends start to turn on you or try to get money off you with their tricks and lies. People too naive or they know this is true but don't want to admit. The other side of the scale is denial. Many are in denial of who they truly are and their true masks they hide. July 18, 2012 at 7:37 PM Anonymous said... I was thinking that true friendships is that for over a few decades but i was wrong real friendship is how much you let people digging into your private life that means if you dont have money you talk to much i am in the problem i did not pay my bills i have problems at home and you are desperate.But when you have money you can build your own wall around you and selecting people around you so what ever anyone says no money no real live all others is a fairytail April 3, 2015 at 7:00 AM Laws of power said... These are some great tips. For those who could use some more specific advice, tips and information about great article thanks for posting. Cook at 48 Laws of Power foods. Blogger said... DISCOVER How You Can Master Your Habits And Reprogram The Subconscious Mind To Get Any Result You Want In Your Personal Growth and Success! Introducing... Procrastinating Your Procrastination ! Newer Post Older Post Home Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)
msmarco_doc_00_25935199
http://48.what-are-the-factors.com/
What Are the Factors of X?
What Are the Factors of X? What Are the Factors of X?
What Are the Factors of X? What Are the Factors of X? What are the prime factors of X? What is the prime factorization of X ? Warning: A non-numeric value encountered in /nfs/c03/h06/mnt/58204/domains/what-are-the-factors.com/html/index.php on line 192 What Are the Factors of 1? What Are the Factors of 2? What Are the Factors of 3? What Are the Factors of 4? What Are the Factors of 5? What Are the Factors of 6? What Are the Factors of 7? What Are the Factors of 8? What Are the Factors of 9? What Are the Factors of 10? What Are the Factors of 11? What Are the Factors of 12? What Are the Factors of 13? What Are the Factors of 14? What Are the Factors of 15? What Are the Factors of 16? What Are the Factors of 17? What Are the Factors of 18? What Are the Factors of 19? What Are the Factors of 20? What Are the Factors of 21? What Are the Factors of 22? What Are the Factors of 23? What Are the Factors of 24? What Are the Factors of 25? What Are the Factors of 26? What Are the Factors of 27? What Are the Factors of 28? What Are the Factors of 29? What Are the Factors of 30? ...
msmarco_doc_00_25967911
http://48842902.weebly.com/-public-response.html
Public Response - The Jungle: Exposing the Wild Side of American Industry
The Public Response The Public Response
Public Response - The Jungle: Exposing the Wild Side of American Industry The Public Response "The Jungle was fiction, but based on such truth that it was a wake-up call to those who had no idea how gruesome and unhealthy the meatpacking industry was, and a welcome literary piece to those who were aware of such conditions, but waiting for someone to fully expose them." - interview with Professor Lori Flores "Within months, the aroused -- and gagging -- public demanded sweeping reforms in the meat industry." - capitalcentury.com This picture shows a vandalized window of the Armour Meatpacking Plant. People were outraged at the slaughtering that had been taking place right under their noses for so long (flickr.com). "The charges made by Mr. Upton Sinclair against the beef packers methods, put into his novel, but vouched by him to be true, have been examined by two most admirable men selected by the President, and to the surprise of many people the muck rake is vindicated." - The Independent, "an editorial that lent support to the accurate portrayal of Chicago's meatpacking industry in Upton Sinclair's novel, pointing out that independent investigations found similar conditions." "Unlike the historical significance attributed to the novel, the book was largely a discussion of social and economic disparity in the United States and Sinclair's main objective was a call to the public for a transfer to communist ideals. As such, the President was impressed by Sinclair's allegations and sought to seek the facts of the meat packing industry through his own resources. Roosevelt sent the Labor Commissioner, Charles Neill, and James Reynolds, a social worker to inspect the meat packing plants. The Neill-Reynolds Report largely confirmed all of the allegations insinuated by Sinclair's novel." - federal.laws.com, - photo from dipity.com "'The question is,' says The Independent reviewer, 'how seriously shall we take this story of life in the packing house district of Chicago?' That seems to be the question with a great many people. For the past year, ever since the story began appearing serially, I have been receiving half a dozen letters a day asking it; so that if a public answer serves no other purpose, it will at least help to lighten the burden of my mail." - The Independent Sinclair asserted that life in Packingtown was as he described it in The Jungle and assured his readers that although the family he depicted in his book was fictional, the details and attitudes of his characters were true to life. The cartoon above displays the public's' reaction after reading or hearing of the horrors in Sinclair's novel. People believed that eating canned meat now posed serious threats to their lives. "When 'The Jungle' was published, the public reaction was instantaneous. Outraged readers deluged President Theodore Roosevelt with letters. Roosevelt was ambivalent, but he invited Sinclair to the White House for lunch, and promised to send his labor commissioner and assistant Treasury secretary to Chicago to investigate." - from the NY Times "100 Years Later, the Food Industry Is Still ‘The Jungle’" by Adam Cohen - U.S.D.A Documentary, 1946 "Sinclair intended to spark an outrage for the inhumane working conditions, but all he got was 'a revolution among consumers instead'” - Hitchens 104" Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle Failed to Deliver It's Socialist Message" back to top
msmarco_doc_00_25969236
http://48842902.weebly.com/meat-inspection-act.html
Meat Inspection Act - The Jungle: Exposing the Wild Side of American Industry
The Meat Inspection Act The Meat Inspection Act
Meat Inspection Act - The Jungle: Exposing the Wild Side of American Industry The Meat Inspection Act "President Theodore Roosevelt was sickened after reading an advance copy. He called upon Congress to pass a law establishing the Food and Drug Administration and, for the first time, setting up federal inspection standards for meat ." -www.capitalcentury.com - Discovery Education "The Federal Meat Inspection Act impacts the inspection procedures, and also the American public which consumes the meat on a daily basis. The FMIA requires inspection of livestock before slaughter, and specific inspection instructions for the livestock postmortem. The Act also set a standard of absolutely necessary sanitary expectations and “allowed the USDA to issue grants of inspection and monitor slaughter and processing operations, enabling the Department to enforce food safety regulatory requirements.” - "Upton Sinclair's The Jungle: The Legal and Social Impacts of a Classic Novel" by Ashley McIntyre Political cartoon expressing the disgust with the meatpacking industry after "The Jungle" was read by the public. "Roosevelt overcame meat-packer opposition and pushed through the Meat Inspection Act of 1906. The law authorized inspectors from the U.S. Department of Agriculture to stop any bad or mislabeled meat from entering interstate and foreign commerce. This law greatly expanded federal government regulation of private enterprise. The meat packers, however, won a provision in the law requiring federal government rather than the companies to pay for the inspection. -U.S.D.A Documentary, 1946 Passage of the Meat Inspection Act opened the way for Congress to approve a long-blocked law to regulate the sale of most other foods and drugs. For over 20 years, Harvey W. Wiley, chief chemist at the Department of Agriculture, had led a "pure food crusade." He and his "Poison Squad" had tested chemicals added to preserve foods and found many were dangerous to human health. The uproar over The Jungle revived Wiley's lobbying efforts in Congress for federal food and drug regulation." - Constitutional Rights Foundation Certain material that was deemed important is underlined in red. "The original 1906 Act authorized the Secretary of Agriculture to inspect and condemn any meat product found unfit for human consumption. Unlike previous laws ordering meat inspections, which were enforced to keep European nations from banning pork trade, this law was strongly motivated to protect the American diet. All labels on any type of food had to be accurate (although not all ingredients were provided on the label). The law was partly a response to the publication of Upton Sinclair's The Jungle, an exposé of the Chicago meat packing industry, as well as to other Progressive Era muckraking publications." - http://crywolfproject.org -U.S.D.A Documentary, 1946
msmarco_doc_00_25972960
http://489.extensionfile.net/
Open 489 File
Open 489 File Open 489 File How to Open 489 file What is 489 File? 489 File Applications
Open 489 File Open 489 File To open 489 file you need to find an application which works with that kind of file. 489 file extension is used by operating systems to recognize files with content of type 489. Here is some information which will get you started. How to Open 489 file To see if you have an application which support 489 file format you need to double click on the file. This will either open it with matching application or Windows will suggest you to look for an application for file extension 489 either on web or on local computer. If there is no application on your computer which can open 489 files you need to search on the internet which application can open 489 files. What is 489 File? File extensions help computers locate correct application for specific files. Operating systems will not look into the content of the files to be opened, but instead, it will immediately locate the file extension of the file and locate for associated application that can open 489 files. This helps the computer to organize its functions and work much faster. Most operating systems (Windows) require the use of file extensions, but others do not (Unix). These file extensions are also beneficial for us. By simply looking at the filename, we can determine what type of information is stored to that and what applications can open these files. Have you noticed that when your computer acquires an unknown file, it will ask your permission to look for associated program to open it or look for these programs over the Internet? Yes! These file extensions make the work of the computer easy. Once there is no application associated with the file, then the computer will immediately ask the users assistance to help look for the source files. 489 File Applications If you know which application opens file extension 489 and it is not mentioned on our site please e-mail us via contact form. For more information on how to open 489 files read other articles on this website.
msmarco_doc_00_25976141
http://49.extensionfile.net/
Open 49 File
Open 49 File Open 49 File How to Open 49 file What is 49 File? 49 File Applications
Open 49 File Open 49 File To open 49 file you need to find an application which works with that kind of file. 49 file extension is used by operating systems to recognize files with content of type 49. Here is some information which will get you started. How to Open 49 file To see if you have an application which support 49 file format you need to double click on the file. This will either open it with matching application or Windows will suggest you to look for an application for file extension 49 either on web or on local computer. If there is no application on your computer which can open 49 files you need to search on the internet which application can open 49 files. What is 49 File? File extensions help computers locate correct application for specific files. Operating systems will not look into the content of the files to be opened, but instead, it will immediately locate the file extension of the file and locate for associated application that can open 49 files. This helps the computer to organize its functions and work much faster. Most operating systems (Windows) require the use of file extensions, but others do not (Unix). These file extensions are also beneficial for us. By simply looking at the filename, we can determine what type of information is stored to that and what applications can open these files. Have you noticed that when your computer acquires an unknown file, it will ask your permission to look for associated program to open it or look for these programs over the Internet? Yes! These file extensions make the work of the computer easy. Once there is no application associated with the file, then the computer will immediately ask the users assistance to help look for the source files. 49 File Applications If you know which application opens file extension 49 and it is not mentioned on our site please e-mail us via contact form. For more information on how to open 49 files read other articles on this website.
msmarco_doc_00_25978378
http://4943415.weebly.talkiforum.com/20100817/bach-vs-handel-differences-106670/
Bach vs Handel Differences
Bach vs Handel Differences Bach vs Handel Differences
Bach vs Handel Differences Bach vs Handel Differences posted Aug 17, 2010 08:32:39 by Elmasaki Post the differences between Bach and Handel here. This can be about almost anything but try to keep it on the topic of music, musical influences, and things like that. page 1 4 replies kaitlynfujihara said Sep 24, 2010 06:23:28 1. Handel's father disapprove of music, whereas Bach was born into a musical family. 2. Handel went to a university to study law before becoming a composer, whereas Bach was always a musician. 3. Handel did not compose as many pieces as Bach. At one point in Bach's life he was forced to write at least one cantata a week. 4. Handel's work focused on operas and concertos and cantatas for mixed instruments. 5. Bach's work was more widespread, he wrote lots of keyboard/organ pieces, solos, duos/trios, vocal works, canons, concertos, etc. 6. Unlike Handel, Bach left behind three important contributions to music: tempered tuning, the art of fugue, and unaccompanied works for violin and cello. 6. However, Bach did not write operas. 7. Bach wrote primarily for the church. 8. Bach preferred instrumentals while Handel preferred vocals. 9. Bach was polyphonic (because of the fugue) and Handel was more homophonic. 10. Bach used a developed theme, while Handel used sequences. 11. Handel lived most of his life in England so his music reflect the English style, whereas Bach had the German style of writing music which was more complex. 12. Handel was a master of the harpsichord and the violin, while Bach was a master at the organ. However, they would both use organs to compose. 13. It is arguable that some of Handel's music can be considered early classical because apparently the Baroque period ended with the death of Bach in 1750, however, Handel did not die until 1759, and he was composing even though he was blind. 14. Handel was more well known at the time "By 1706, Handel was well known for his musical skills in Venice, Florence, and Rome." Whereas Bach wasn't appreciated until Mozart and Beethoven studied his works. 15. Bach wrote two books called the "Well Tempered Clavier", each consisting of 24 preludes and fugues. He proved that this method of tuning was very effective. Handel never wrote a book about tuning concepts. 16. Handel composed some festival pieces that were meant to be played outdoors, whereas Bach composed more chamber pieces (serious pieces). AnnaOn said Oct 07, 2010 08:29:23 1) Bach never traveled while Handel traveled a lot. 2) Handel preferred vocal pieces than instrumental, unlike Bach. 3) Bach's music is more complex and Handel uses more simplicity to express the ideas in his pieces. 4) Handel was an extrovert and Bach was an introvert. TiffanyYesavage said May 02, 2013 20:46:53 1) Handel is music that you can listen to when you are in a good mood, and it will put you in an even better mood. With a few exceptions, Bach doesn't really lift your mood 2) Handel is morning music, Bach plays better at night. 3) Bach's music plays well in the middle of winter, Handel is summer music 4) Handel's music is more passionate, while Bach is restrained. 5) Handel's music appeals more readily to most listeners, while Bach may take dozens and dozens of listenings to figure out what is going on 6) Handel's music has a more modern quality. Some of his arias almost sound as though they could have been written by Mozart or even Verdi. Bach is very Baroque. 7) Trying to play Bach with an overly modern approach ruins it completely. It becomes weak and sickly sounding rather than masculine, as it should sound. There is more freedom to play around with Handel. 8) Handel's music has a "gay" quality to it. Androgyny is an inherent part of it. Not so with Bach. 9) Beethoven copied the entire score of Messiah down by hand so as not to miss a single note. He referred to Handel as the greatest composer who ever lived. Mozart seemed to prefer Bach. 9) Handel achieves higher highs than Bach. Bach has some extraordinary arias in the Saint Matthew Passion and the Goldberg Variations are magnificent, but none of them can compare with the five greatest choruses from Messiah. Gene Heim said Jul 30, 2014 03:13:11 1) Bach's fame during his lifetime was his ability to improvise. He could perform for HOURS making very complex works. Few knew his compositions. Handel's fame came from his performances and compositions. 2) Bach worked for a select number of people - Royalty, Universities or local Governments. His last post was as a teacher and church composer. Handel had Royal commissions but mostly supported himself by composing for the Public. Handel worked for everyone. 3) Bach's compositions became famous long after his death. Far more powerful were Bach's many students who spread his ideas throughout Germany. Handel was known for his compositions during his own lifetime. 4) Bach was adamant about teaching music theory from "The Root up". Bach wrote many "teaching" pieces that are still as fresh today and are darned hard to play. Handel wrote NO teaching pieces though his works are excellent guides of composition. Handel did instruct some Patrons in music. 5) Some of Bach's most famous works were attempts to get better work - the Brandenburg Concerti and Mass in B Minor for example. Bach also wrote "puzzle works" like the Art of Fugue or the Musical Offering. Handel's most famous works were successes in obtaining a living. As far as I know Handel never wrote something for any other reason than to offer it to the public for their enjoyment or to please a patron. 6) Bach wrote a Cantata about Coffee. One of Handel's most famous Arias, "Umbra Mai Fu" from the Opera Serse, is about a tree and its shade. 7) Neither used keyboards to compose Music. Bach scorned persons who used keyboards to compose as "Knights of the Keyboard". Handel would sit at the table and cry while writing down music. Both men re-wrote and edited extensively. Great works are not written but re-written. 8) Bach had 21 children. All of his descendants live in the United States (through a daughter of his son William Frederick). Handel never married and has no known descendants. 9) Bach's works can be intensely emotional - St. Matthew's Passion and the Mass in b minor are fine examples. Bach "sneaks up on you" and blindsides you. Each and every time from a different direction. Handel wrote very skilled counterpoint that is quite intellectual while being intensely emotional. Handel reaches in and grabs your heart. 10) Bach beat Marchand in Dresden by default. Bach wanted to learn from Marchand and was "disappointed" he'd left town before the contest Handel beat Scarlatti Jr in Italy "head to head". 11) Bach's music has a strange quality when played. It does things to your head, it's hard to describe but is mildly shocking. Handel's music is easy to play but listening to it does things to your head. 12) Mitzler's Musical Society offered its first membership to Bach. Bach turned it down because he wanted to be member 14 (the letters B-A-C-H add to 14). Handel was a member. Mozart turned down a membership in this society. 13) Every voice of a Bach composition "stands on its own" as a fine tune. This is unusual and special for Baroque music. Handel's music sounds best when it played altogether though he has some really catchy melodies too (the theme for the Alleluia chorus is a good example). 14) Bach's family helped him with Copying out scores. There is some suspicion that his wife Anna Magdelina did more than copy music, that she might have contributed to composition or arrangement. Before she married Bach she was a professional Soprano. Given Bach's intense desire to teach and impart musical knowledge he probably did recruit her and respected her contributions to works attributed to him. Handel hired professional copyists for his work. Both were masters at their work and at least one respected the other. Bach is alleged to have said, "I would have liked to have been Handel if I were not Bach". Mozart said, "I feel the same way as Bach". We will probably never know how Handel felt about Bach though I believe that Handel did know about Bach. Bach's fame in Dresden was far too large for Handel to ignore. My best guess is that Handel felt that Bach had nothing to offer him and that he needed to focus on his business. To me that was Handel's loss as he might have learned a thing or two from the little Kantor from Leipzig. Our Roman friends said, "In matters of taste there can be no dispute". To me that's the final word on which one is better. Their works are so complex and demanding that it's just not fair to directly compare them. Better to appreciate them.
msmarco_doc_00_25980593
http://49817097.weebly.com/steamboat.html
Steamboat - Robert Fulton
Steamboat Steamboat
Steamboat - Robert Fulton Home Biography Torpedo Submarine Steamboat Steam Warship Erie Canal Conclusion Resources Process Paper Bibliography Steamboat Robert Fulton's steamboat was a turning point, transporting people, materials and goods easier and faster than before. The steamboat increased exploration and settlement in America by opening up two-way river travel. It played a key role in the American industrial revolution. Fulton began "experiments with a view to discover the principles on which boats or vessels should be propelled through the water by the power of steam engines." ( Robert Fulton 1802) Fulton built the North River Steamboat, later known as the Clermont, when he returned to America. People thought it was a crazy idea because it was so different from sailing ships. The noisy boat looked like a rectangle with paddlewheels and smokestacks. Many thought it would explode and called it Fulton's Folly. Fulton's First steamboat Sketch 1793 Fulton's French Steamboat Sketch 1802 The North River Plans - Hudson 100 Year Celebration. In 1807, Fulton successfully launched the North River. The ship traveled from New York City to Albany in 32 hours. The trip took sailing ships four days. This trip made Fulton famous. "The power of propelling boats by steam is now fully proved." Robert Fulton 1807 Not everyone was happy. Fulton used a monopoly on the Hudson to prevent competition. Sailing ship owners lost business and tried to destroy the steamboat by ramming it. Fulton built "New Orleans", a turning point in Mississippi River travel when it became the first steamboat to travel from Pittsburgh to New Orleans. Hundreds of steamboats would follow. "It will give a cheap and quick conveyance to merchandise on the Mississippi, Missouri, and other great rivers, which are now laying open their treasures to the enterprise of our countrymen" (Robert Fulton 1807). Fulton used other steamboats as ferries. Engraving of Fulton's New Orleans c. 1811 Steamship c1870 Steam-powered boats soon crossed the ocean. "By 1870, more than 90 percent of immigrants to America arrived by steamship." ("On the Water Exhibition" Smithsonian Institute 2012) “ Henry Ford did not invent the automobile; Samuel Morse did not invent the telegraph; nor did Robert Fulton invent the steamship. But like Morse and Ford after him, Fulton used his insight and energy to turn a challenge of engineering into a large scale commercial success, thereby transforming the world.” ( Inventor of the Week June 2000) Submarine Steam Warship
msmarco_doc_00_25989597
http://49cfrpart26.com/
49 CFR Part 26 Software
EBO 49 CFR Part 26 Software EBO Software: What is 49 CFR Part 26? 49 CFR Part 26: Compliance Compliance: Internet Government Solutions Contact: Email: sales@ebopportunities.com
49 CFR Part 26 Software EBO 49 CFR Part 26 Software EBO Software: EBO Software is an award-winning 49 CFR Part 26 administration and reporting platform. EBO was developed for the Internet and features the robust tools needed to manage a complete Government Compliance and Civil Rights program. By incorporating input from Government users and especially Contractors over the years, EBO continues to meet or exceed expectations of all users. The typical EBO installation supports over 1,000 users and tracks billions of dollars and millions of payrolls, including one of the top 3 largest state Departments Of Transportation in the country. What is 49 CFR Part 26? 49 CFR Part 26: Title 49 of the CFR, or Code of Federal Regulations, regulates transportation. Section 26 seeks to ensure nondiscrimination in the award and administration of Department of Transportation (DOT) contracts in the highway, transit, and airport financial assistance programs. 49 CFR part 26 is focused on participation of Disadvantaged Business Enterprises, or DBEs. You may be required to adhere to 49 CFR part 26 if you receive any of the following types of department of transportation funds: Federal-aid highway funds Federal transit funds Airport funds Compliance Compliance: The Equitable Business Opportunity Solution (EBO) Contract Compliance enforces 49 CFR Part 26, Commitments to Attainments, Good Faith Efforts, Subcontractor Approvals and D/M/WBE Work Item Acknowledgements, Labor Affidavits, and continuous monitoring tools to aid in meeting Contract goals. Monitoring tools include Reports and Graphs with drill down and download capabilities to meet ARRA/National Review Team Audits. Internet Government Solutions Contact: Office: (440) 238-1684 Email: sales@ebopportunities.com EBO Training Login
msmarco_doc_00_25992375
http://49ers.savesantaclara.org/Denise_Debartolo_York.php
Denise Debartolo York - San Francisco 49ers owner
Gideon Yu - New Face of the San Francisco 49ers in Silicon Valley? San Francisco 49ers Owner - Denise Debartolo York Who is the owner of the San Francisco 49ers? Gideon Yu - New Face of the San Francisco 49ers in Silicon Valley? Who is Right - The Real Estate Magnate or the Stadium Five? John and John Edward "Jed" York
Denise Debartolo York - San Francisco 49ers owner Home Links Authority Term Sheet Site Parking Plan B Stadium 5 Raiders Jobs Docs SBLs Stadium Top 10 Measure J Hotel Tax 49ers Stadium, LLC Owner Field of Schemes SCFEP 49ers DDA Taxes Denise Debartolo York San Francisco 49ers Owner - Denise Debartolo York The owner of the San Francisco 49ers NFL football team is Denise Debartolo York. An Ohio resident, she got control of the team in 2000 as a result of a settlement related to the legal problems of her brother Eddie Debartolo Jr. (who was convicted of a crime in Louisiana) and lawsuits within the family. Both she and her brother acquired their immense wealth through inheriting the real estate fortune of their father - Eddie Debartolo Sr (who purchased the San Francisco 49ers in 1977 and gave it to his son). In 2009, Forbes magazine estimated her wealth at 900 million dollars, saying that one of her major real estate holdings had recently dropped in value 30%. Although she inherited a fortune from a father who's business was real estate, and while she continues to have the majority of her massive fortune as real estate holdings, there is one type of real estate that Ms. York is unwilling to own - a Santa Clara San Francisco 49ers football stadium . Who is the owner of the San Francisco 49ers? Owner Percentage Value as of 2/2012 Denise Debartolo York 99% $841.5 million Gideon Yu 1% $8.5 million Gideon Yu - New Face of the San Francisco 49ers in Silicon Valley? On February 10, 2012, the San Francisco Examiner reported that Gideon Yu had purchased a portion of the San Francisco 49ers. Yu was also promoted from Chief Strategy Officer (a position he attained in April of 2011) for the San Francisco 49ers, to President. Although the terms of the deal were not given by the 49ers, NFL sources told the newspaper that the amount was 1% of the team for $8.5 million, and that Yu can buy up to five percent of the team in the future. While this only gives Yu - a Korean immigrant turned Silicon Valley millionaire (Yahoo, Facebook, YouTube) - a token ownership of the team, it will no doubt help team marketing in Santa Clara County where Internet millionaires abound and 50% of the households speak a language other than English at home. Yu and the 49ers are now free to refer to him as "co-owner" (as the headline from the San Francisco Examiner does), leaving out the fact that it is only a very minor 1% stake. In fact, it is possible that the "co" will be dropped in the future, as has happened with other professional sports team minority owners such as Al Davis, who did not own a majority of the Oakland Raiders until 2005 but was referred to as the "Raiders owner" for decades. Who is Right - The Real Estate Magnate or the Stadium Five? Denise Debartolo York is from a family that made their fortune in the real estate business. The vast majority of her fortune is still in real estate. Denise Debartolo York could afford to build and run an NFL football stadium on her own. The San Francisco 49ers, run by her husband John York and son Jed York, could afford to build and run an NFL football stadium on their own. But the Yorks and their financial advisors have chosen not to. In their expert opinion it is not a good investment. On the other hand, the Stadium Five is jumping up and down claiming an NFL stadium is a great investment and desperately wants the city of Santa Clara to own one. Why would the Yorks and their advisors, real estate investment professionals, think the stadium is a bad investment and yet the Stadium Five think it is a great investment - even claiming it can't fail? Mahan For example, Santa Clara Mayor Patricia Mahan said at the June 2, 2009 council meeting: "I have no fears that going forward this project will be a tremendous success" First, the Stadium Five probably don't believe that the stadium is guaranteed to make money or be a "tremendous success". They are all politicians and are used to using exaggeration and falsehood in order to convince the public to go along with what they want. Secondly, the Stadium Five are dealing with other people's money, while Denise Debartolo York is dealing with her money. So the Stadium Five can make all kinds of claims, even believing some of it, but in the end they won't lose a penny of their own money if what they are saying is untrue. They are spending the money of the taxpayers of Santa Clara, of which they are only a tiny fraction. Whereas Denise Debartolo York has to make the decision based on whether she will lose her own money. A big difference and why she says owning the stadium is a bad deal while the Stadium Five says it's a great deal. And finally, politicians look at the building of a stadium as a tremendous plus on their resume - even if it loses money for the city. As long as the stadium is the site of large events - like NFL football games - they see it as something they can brag about bringing to the city. John and John Edward "Jed" York John and John Edward "Jed" York Denise Debartolo York has delegated most of the business operations of the San Francisco 49ers to her husband John and son John Edward "Jed" York.
msmarco_doc_00_25994506
http://49s.events/lunchtime
UK 49's Lunchtime Results
UK 49's Lunchtime UK 49's Lunchtime Latest 10 UK 49's Lunchtime Results UK 49's Lunchtime Draw Details UK 49's Lunchtime is drawn on the following days
UK 49's Lunchtime Results Homepage UK 49's Lunchtime Lunchtime Results Number Generator Archived numbers UK 49's Teatime Teatime Results Number Generator Archived numbers UK 49's App Download app Close Menu UK 49's Lunchtime Home UK 49's Lunchtime This UK 49's Lunchtime data includes all draws up to and including Sunday 30th May 2021. Chronology is used to distinguish ties. Related UK 49's Teatime Latest 10 UK 49's Lunchtime Results Draw Date: Winning Numbers: Draw Detail: Sunday 30 th May 2021 7 29 40 43 45 49 4 View More Info About This Draw › Saturday 29 th May 2021 12 29 33 36 37 46 32 View More Info About This Draw › Friday 28 th May 2021 2 5 7 13 37 45 16 View More Info About This Draw › Wednesday 26 th May 2021 8 11 12 25 28 42 16 View More Info About This Draw › Tuesday 25 th May 2021 1 7 9 22 31 47 26 View More Info About This Draw › Monday 24 th May 2021 15 17 24 28 33 48 37 View More Info About This Draw › Sunday 23 rd May 2021 8 11 20 34 42 46 28 View More Info About This Draw › Saturday 22 nd May 2021 5 30 40 44 45 47 18 View More Info About This Draw › Friday 21 st May 2021 6 25 32 33 35 48 38 View More Info About This Draw › Thursday 20 th May 2021 4 14 31 32 39 48 2 View More Info About This Draw › UK 49's Lunchtime Draw Details UK 49's Lunchtime is drawn on the following days Monday ✔ Tuesday ✔ Wednesday ✔ Thursday ✔ Friday ✔ Saturday ✔ Sunday ✔
msmarco_doc_00_26000252
http://49s.events/teatime
UK 49's Teatime Results
UK 49's Teatime UK 49's Teatime Latest 10 UK 49's Teatime Results UK 49's Teatime Draw Details UK 49's Teatime is drawn on the following days
UK 49's Teatime Results Homepage UK 49's Lunchtime Lunchtime Results Number Generator Archived numbers UK 49's Teatime Teatime Results Number Generator Archived numbers UK 49's App Download app Close Menu UK 49's Teatime Home UK 49's Teatime This UK 49's Teatime data includes all draws up to and including Friday 14th May 2021. Chronology is used to distinguish ties. Latest 10 UK 49's Teatime Results Draw Date: Winning Numbers: Draw Detail: Saturday 15 th May 2021 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Today's Draw in: 01h 49m 16s Friday 14 th May 2021 2 6 15 25 34 36 14 View More Info About This Draw › Thursday 13 th May 2021 2 29 30 39 45 47 16 View More Info About This Draw › Wednesday 12 th May 2021 15 19 28 35 39 44 24 View More Info About This Draw › Tuesday 11 th May 2021 14 23 30 33 36 40 27 View More Info About This Draw › Monday 10 th May 2021 10 14 29 35 40 48 1 View More Info About This Draw › Sunday 9 th May 2021 2 7 16 33 35 45 31 View More Info About This Draw › Saturday 8 th May 2021 2 16 17 26 39 49 25 View More Info About This Draw › Friday 7 th May 2021 14 24 31 33 40 49 17 View More Info About This Draw › Thursday 6 th May 2021 2 22 29 42 45 46 39 View More Info About This Draw › Wednesday 5 th May 2021 1 3 6 14 19 34 21 View More Info About This Draw › UK 49's Teatime Draw Details UK 49's Teatime is drawn on the following days Monday ✔ Tuesday ✔ Wednesday ✔ Thursday ✔ Friday ✔ Saturday ✔ Sunday ✔
msmarco_doc_00_26002157
http://49thstreetbailbonds.com/how-does-the-bail-process-work/
Bail Process | 24-hour Bond Office | 49th Street Bail Bonds
How Does The Bail Process Work? How Does The Bail Process Work? Why use a Bail Bond Company? How does the bail bonding process work?
Bail Process | 24-hour Bond Office | 49th Street Bail Bonds How Does The Bail Process Work? How Does The Bail Process Work? admin 2013-08-07T16:32:38+00:00 There are so many aspects of the bail process and most people are completely unaware of how it all works. Please call us at the 49th Street Bail Bonds Office (727-592-0000) and speak with one of our bail bond agents to clarify any questions you may have. We are the bondsman on 49th Street and we are here to help. Once a person is arrested they are taken to the local jail for processing. The processing (booking) takes about 1-3 hours to complete. Once the booking process is complete the arrested person will have the option to stay in jail or bond out. By staying in jail, the arrested person will be held until the case (s) are satisfied. This process usually takes more than one month and more than one court appearance. Most people choose to post their bond immediately. To bond out of jail, you have 2 options. Pay a bond with a bail bond company or cash bail bond by paying the full amount of the bond (s) in cash. The cash bail bond option means that you will have to deliver cash to the jail. Some jails even accept credit cards. Contact your local jail to find out their payment requirements. If you post a cash bond your money can and will be used to pay all the court fees by Florida statute. Basically you should be aware that you will not receive a refund from this transaction as your money is applied to the court costs. If a refund is available, a check will be mailed to you from the Clerk of Court usually within sixty days after the case (s) are closed. Contact the Clerk of Court regarding any refund on cash bonds. Posting a bond with a Florida Bail Bond Agent: The bail bond agent (bail bond company) will charge you a premium or percentage of the total bond amount. In the State of Florida the bail bond fees are set by the State and are not negotiable. For any bond that is $1,000 or under will cost you $100. If a bond is greater than $1,000. then you would pay 10% of that bond. Example: one bond set at $500 will cost $100 with a bail bond company. If one bond is set at $1,500 that will cost 10% or $150 premium with a bail bond company. If your person has multiple bonds (charges) then you must pay for each bond. Example: bonds are set at $750, 150 & 100. You will have to pay $300. $100 per bond as they each fall under $1000. 49th Street Bail Bonds can assist you with some financing (payment plan) if you can’t afford the total fees today. Usually we can start the bonding process before the booking is complete if you know what the bond amount is. Otherwise we may have to wait until the booking process is complete. Call us now at so we can check your persons booking status. Why use a Bail Bond Company? When you cannot afford the total amount of a bond or you choose not to pledge all your money up front. You may decide to hire a Florida bail bondsman. Remember that if a bond is set at $5000 you could post a 10% premium with a bondsman instead of paying all of the $5000 (cash bond). What a bail bond company will do is pay the bond to the jail to secure the release. For our fee we offer extensive experience of the court and jail systems. We can make this very difficult situation quite painless for you and your family. How does the bail bonding process work? If you have decided to post a cash bond at the jail, contact the jail and have them tell you exactly what that particular jail requires for payment. Jail payment policies change often so call ahead first. If you’re posting a bond at our 49th Street Bail Bonds office in Clearwater Florida, we can expedite the process if you call ahead first. It’s ok to just show up as the whole process at our Pinellas County Florida office will take about 15 minutes. A few forms have to be completed but our bail bond staff does most of the work. Once we are done, our bail bond agents will deliver the bond paperwork to the jail immediately. You do not have to do anything more. Once the jail receives a bond: The jail has numerous procedures to complete before a person is released from jail. This process generally takes 2-5 hours. As a rule of thumb, the bigger the jail, the longer the release process takes. You do not have to be at the jail for the release. Once the defendant is released he/she will need to stop by the 49th Street Bail Bonds office to complete the paperwork and discuss the next court date. This will take less than 5 minutes. Court and Court dates: Our office will provide all the court date information. Typically there is not a scheduled court date at the time of release. The clerk of the court will usually notify 49th Street Bail Bonds within 2-4 weeks for a first court date. This first court date is typically called an arraignment. This is where the defendant will plead guilty or not guilty. A guilty plea will resolve the case that day. A not guilty plea will set the case for additional court dates. A not guilty plea means you are fighting the charge. Expect your case to last for several months and require numerous court appearances. When you fight a charge you will typically need to be represented by an attorney. If you cannot afford an attorney, the court will usually appoint the Public Defender’s Office. Contact the Clerk of Court, Public Defender’s Office or your local Bar Association for additional information. Charges without pre-set court dates: If you are released with “To Be Notified” status or “Call of the Court” status, the Clerk of Court will notify you and our office by mail. Our bail bond office will call you the day we receive that notice. This process may take a few weeks before the first court date is set. Trust us! Our office will always notify you of court dates. Our bail bondsman will call you a few days before every court appearance. It is your obligation to keep your contact information current with our office. Also, you can always call us to obtain the latest court information. It is advised that you log into the Clerk of Court website ( www.pinellasclerk.org) to access your online file for the latest updates on your case. Transfer Bonds: If your person is incarcerated in a jail outside your home town we can arrange a bond to be posted practically any where in the United States. This process is called a transfer bond. We arrange all the paperwork in our office but the local bail bond company will post the bond and deal with that particular jail to ensure the defendant is released ASAP. All transfer bonds will cost additional fees beyond the normal bail bond premium. In the State of Florida we can get a transfer bond posted between $50-100 additional. Other States may cost considerably more. We have hundreds of affiliated agents throughout the United States. Call us now at to discuss your options. Collateral: Collateral is not always required when posting a bond through 49th Street Bail Bonds. Each and every situation is different. If collateral is required, we will hold something of value ( car title, real estate, cash, jewelry, etc) to offset any loss if the defendant fails to appear. As long as the defendant appears and the case is resolved, you will get your collateral back. A contract is considered collateral even though you haven’t given anything except your signature. We usually will only require a signature bond (release). Signature Bonds-Signature Release/No Collateral Bonds: This is a term that is used when you post a bond for someone without pledging additional collateral to secure the bond. A signature bond is when you will sign only a contract that you pledge to repay the bonding company if the defendant skips court (failure to appear). If they fail to appear you will come in and pay us back the total amount lost. The two standard contracts generally signed are a Promissory Note and Indemnity Agreement. See a copy of these forms here. Federal / Immigration Bail Bonds: If your person is being held in jail on a federal immigration case. You can still post a Federal Bond but the fee will be 15% and will require collateral. Federal bonds are very intricate. These type of cases have additional risk due to Federal guidelines. Call us at 727-592-0000 to discuss your situation. Warrants/Warrant Checks (capias) for your arrest: 49th Street Bail Bonds has a network we can access to see if you have an outstanding warrant for your arrest. If you have an active warrant we can assist you in turning yourself in and bonding back out immediately. This process is termed a “walk thru arrest”. This process is very quick and convenient. Jail Inmate Search: Most County Jails are now offering inmate search information online. 49th Street Bailbonds has an extensive network of jails throughout the United States to access for current inmate information. We have listed just a few local sites to search. Call us if your county is not listed or, if you prefer our on call bail agent can assist you with your search. We can run a county jail inmate search for you.
msmarco_doc_00_26004087
http://4a54f0271b66873b1ef4-ddc094ae70b29d259d46aa8a44a90623.r7.cf2.rackcdn.com/assets/Uploads/avigilon-licensing-portal-user-guide-en-rev1.pdf
Avigilon Licensing Portal User Guide Avigilon Licensing Portal User Guide Terms Registering an Account Logging In Users and Accounts Viewing Users and Accounts Adding a User User Type Dealer Admin Role Dealer User Role End User Admin Role End User Role Updating a User Resetting Your Password Removing Users Licenses Viewing Unactivated Licenses Exporting Unactivated Licenses Viewing Activated Licenses Advanced License Management Transferring License Channels Adding Channels to an Existing License For More Information Technical Support Upgrades Feedback feedback@avigilon.com.
Avigilon Licensing Portal User Guide Avigilon Licensing Portal User Guide ©    2019,   Avigilon Corporation. All rights reserved. AVIGILON and the AVIGILON logo are trademarks of Avigilon Corporation. Other names or logos mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners. The absence of the symbols ™ and ® in proximity to each trademark in this document or at all is not a disclaimer of ownership of the related trademark. Avigilon Corporation protects its innovations with patents issued in the United States of America and other jurisdictions worldwide (see avigilon.com/patents). Unless stated explicitly and in writing, no license is granted with respect to any copyright, industrial design, trademark, patent or other intellectual property rights of Avigilon Corporation or its licensors. This document has been compiled and published using product descriptions and specifications available at the time of publication. The contents of this document and the specifications of the products discussed herein are subject to change without notice. Avigilon Corporation reserves the right to make any such changes without notice. Neither Avigilon Corporation nor any of its affiliated companies: (1) guarantees the completeness or accuracy of the information contained in this document; or (2) is responsible for your use of, or reliance on, the information. Avigilon Corporation shall not be responsible for any losses or damages (including consequential damages) caused by reliance on the information presented herein. Avigilon Corporation avigilon.com PDF-LICSRV-A Revision: 1 - EN 20190527 Introduction Whether you are an Avigilon partner or customer, you can use the Avigilon Licensing Portal to view and manage your licenses. Terms In the Avigilon Licensing Portal, each sales order is called an Entitlement, with a unique Entitlement ID. Each line item in the sales order corresponds to an Entitlement Line Item, with a unique Activation ID. The Activation ID   is the same as the product key needed to activate a license. Once licenses are activated, they will appear as a Device with an ID and will no longer appear as an Entitlement Line Item. The following table describes how sales orders, line items (unactivated licenses), and activated licenses are referred to in the Avigilon Licensing Portal. Avigilon Licensing Portal Term Avigilon Licensing Portal ID Sales order Entitlement Entitlement ID Line item (unactivated license) Entitlement Line Item Activation ID Activated license Device ID Registering an Account If you are the Technical Contact for your organization: 1. Submit a request to Avigilon Order Management for access to the Avigilon Licensing Portal. 2. You will receive an email invitation. Follow the instructions to complete your registration. Once registered, you can create user accounts for other members of your organization. See Users and Accounts on the next page. Logging In 1. Go to licensing.avigilon.com. 2. Enter your Email and Password. 3. Click Login. Introduction 1 Users and Accounts All users are assigned to an Account. The Account is your partner or customer organization. There are regular users and administrators. Regular users can view and manage licenses, and activate licenses for offline installations. Administrators can create and manage users in addition to license management. Partners can also view and manage their customer's licenses. Viewing Users and Accounts Partners can view users in their account, as well as their customer's accounts. Customers can only view users in their account. To view users in your account, click List users. (Partners only) To view your customer accounts, click List related accounts. If a customer does not have an account, contact Avigilon Order Management. (Partners only) To view users in your customer accounts, click List related users. Adding a User Add users to view and Note: manage You licenses cannot in the edit Avigilon the Licensing Email Address Portal. after the next step. 1. In the side menu, click List users. 2. Select Actions   >   Create. 3. Enter the user information and contact details. User Type Dealer Admin Role Dealer User Role Customer Administrator — — Customer User End User Admin Role End User Role — — —   7. Click OK. An email invitation is sent to the new user. Updating a User You can update a user's name, contact information, and role. 1. In the side menu, click List users. 2. Click a user's name. 3. Edit the information, then click Save. Resetting Your Password If you forget your password, you can send yourself a password reset email. 1. On the log in page, click Forgot Password? 2. Enter your email address and click Submit. password-reset email is sent. Removing Users You can remove users from the Avigilon Licensing Portal. 1. In the side menu, click List users. 2. Select the check box next to all user you want to remove, then select Actions >   Delete. 3. Click OK to confirm. UpdatingaUser 3 Licenses Viewing Unactivated Licenses Unactivated licenses are listed on the List Entitlements page. In the side menu, click List Entitlements. Each row in the table represents a line item in your sales order. The columns are described below. Column Description Activation ID Product key used to activate the license Entitlement ID Sales order number Sold to Customer name Product Part number Version Product version Available quantity Number of channels available Total quantity Number of channels available Expiration Whether the license expires or is permanent Exporting Unactivated Licenses You can export a list of unactivated licenses as a CSV file. Give this file to installers so they have a list of licenses that they can activate. 1. In the side menu, click List Entitlements. 2. Use the search filters to display the required licenses. 3. Select the check box next to the licenses you want to export. 4. Select Export >   Export Selected Items. Viewing Activated Licenses After licenses are activated, they are listed on the Devices page. 1. In the side menu, click Devices. 2. Click a device Name to view the license details. Licenses 4 Advanced License Management Transferring License Channels If you purchased licenses in bulk, you can transfer all or a portion of the channels to another account. If you transfer a portion of the channels, a new Entitlement Line Item with a unique Entitlement ID   and Activation ID is created. 1. In the side menu, click List Entitlements. 2. Select the check box next to a license, then click Action >   Transfer. 3. Enter the number of channels to transfer in the Transfer Amount field. 4. Click to select an account for the Target Account. 5. Select No, then click Transfer. 6. Click OK to continue. Adding Channels to an Existing License To add more channels to an existing license, transfer channels from a bulk license with the same Product type. 1. In the side menu, click List Entitlements. 2. Select the check box next to the bulk license, then click Action >   Transfer. 3. Enter the number of channels to transfer in the Transfer Amount field. 4. Click to select an account for the Target Account. 5. Select Yes, then select the license to add the channels to. 6. Click Transfer, then click OK to continue. AdvancedLicenseManagement 5 For More Information Visit Avigilon   at avigilon.com for additional product documentation. Technical Support To contact Avigilon Technical Support, go to avigilon.com/contact-us. Upgrades Software and firmware upgrades will be made available for download as they become available. Check for available upgrades at: avigilon.com/support-and-downloads. Feedback We value your feedback. Please send any comments on our products and services to feedback@avigilon.com. ForMoreInformation 6
msmarco_doc_00_26013560
http://4airportparking.com/lax-parking/
LAX - El Segundo Parking | Los Angeles Parking Lots | Parking.com
LAX - El Segundo Parking LAX - El Segundo Parking Reserve parking now and guarantee a space. LAX - El Segundo Parking Due to Covid19, some locations have revised hours - please check location details for more info. 405 Airport Parking Garage Airport Spectrum ValuePark LAX ENTRANCE: 9920 La Cienega Blvd South Bay Airport Parking (105 Parking)
LAX - El Segundo Parking | Los Angeles Parking Lots | Parking.com × Find event parking for Event date Select a date Search event name Clear filters Events No results. Please try a different search. × You are purchasing parking for a Standard Size Vehicle YES, PROCEED No, Switch to Oversized Rates Daily Monthly Entrance time May 12, 10:30PM Exit time May 13, 01:30AM Entrance time Exit time May 12 10:30PM 12:00AM 12:30AM 01:00AM 01:30AM 02:00AM 02:30AM 03:00AM 03:30AM 04:00AM 04:30AM 05:00AM 05:30AM 06:00AM 06:30AM 07:00AM 07:30AM 08:00AM 08:30AM 09:00AM 09:30AM 10:00AM 10:30AM 11:00AM 11:30AM 12:00PM 12:30PM 01:00PM 01:30PM 02:00PM 02:30PM 03:00PM 03:30PM 04:00PM 04:30PM 05:00PM 05:30PM 06:00PM 06:30PM 07:00PM 07:30PM 08:00PM 08:30PM 09:00PM 09:30PM 10:00PM 10:30PM 11:00PM 11:30PM Exit time May 13 01:30AM 12:00AM 12:30AM 01:00AM 01:30AM 02:00AM 02:30AM 03:00AM 03:30AM 04:00AM 04:30AM 05:00AM 05:30AM 06:00AM 06:30AM 07:00AM 07:30AM 08:00AM 08:30AM 09:00AM 09:30AM 10:00AM 10:30AM 11:00AM 11:30AM 12:00PM 12:30PM 01:00PM 01:30PM 02:00PM 02:30PM 03:00PM 03:30PM 04:00PM 04:30PM 05:00PM 05:30PM 06:00PM 06:30PM 07:00PM 07:30PM 08:00PM 08:30PM 09:00PM 09:30PM 10:00PM 10:30PM 11:00PM 11:30PM Search for parking × Find the right spot by choosing some filters! Pre-Purchased Available Accepts Mobile Coupons Motorcycle Parking Oversized Parking EV Charging Preferred Card Valet Parking Yes, let’s valet! No, I’d prefer to self-park. I’m open to either. Parking Facility Indoor Outdoor I’m open to either. × LAX - El Segundo Parking Reserve parking now and guarantee a space. Convenient and affordable valet and self-parking is available near LAX. Book a reservation today at 105 Airport Parking, 405 Airport Parking or ValuePark LAX. All 3 locations offer covered and rooftop parking with discounted parking rates on prepaid reservations. View the map, choose the most convenient location for you, and reserve today. List Filter s Select Vehicle Size Los Angeles Neighborhoods LAX - El Segundo Parking Los Angeles Neighborhoods LAX - El Segundo Parking Back to results × Due to Covid19, some locations have revised hours - please check location details for more info. × Parking Entrance 2 min walk Get directions Hours of operation Overnight parking is not allowed at this location. Hours of operation Overnight parking is not allowed at this location. Get directions Entrance time Exit time Tap entrance or exit time to edit your search. Online rates No online Purchase available for this location. Drive-up Rates Apply Amenities Remove as Favorite Set as Favorite Hours of operation Overnight parking is not allowed at this location. Payment accepted Facility # Additional amenities About this location Print details Operated by LAX - El Segundo Parking 4 Results Sort by Distance Distance Price Filters Due to Covid19, some locations have revised hours - please check location details for more info. × 405 Airport Parking Garage ENTRANCE: 9800 S La Cienega View details No Online Purchase Drive-up Rates Apply View details No Online Purchase Drive-up Rates Apply Airport Spectrum ENTRANCE: 5757 Century Blvd View details No Online Purchase Drive-up Rates Apply View details No Online Purchase Drive-up Rates Apply ValuePark LAX ENTRANCE: 9920 La Cienega Blvd View details No Online Purchase Drive-up Rates Apply View details No Online Purchase Drive-up Rates Apply South Bay Airport Parking (105 Parking) ENTRANCE: 1921 E Walnut Ave View details No Online Purchase Drive-up Rates Apply View details No Online Purchase Drive-up Rates Apply Due to Covid19, some locations have revised hours - please check location details for more info. 405 Airport Parking Garage ENTRANCE: 9800 S La Cienega MOBILE PASS ACCEPTED & MONTHLY PARKIING Use your mobile device to enter and exit this location. Or use the credential provided if you're a monthly parker. View details View details Drive Up Rates Available Airport Spectrum ENTRANCE: 5757 Century Blvd View details View details Drive Up Rates Available ValuePark LAX ENTRANCE: 9920 La Cienega Blvd MOBILE OR PRINTED PASS ACCEPTED Mobile or printed accepted to enter and exit this location. View details View details Drive Up Rates Available South Bay Airport Parking (105 Parking) ENTRANCE: 1921 E Walnut Ave View details View details Drive Up Rates Available Missing Mapbox GL JS CSS Loading... Sign up for news and offers × Get exclusive offers and parking promotions delivered to you. I am already a subscriber Subscribe
msmarco_doc_00_26027341
http://4alf.blogspot.com/2013/03/fannie-mae-chapter-13-bankruptcy.html
4: Fannie Mae Chapter 13 Bankruptcy Guidelines 2011 - How Does It Work?
4 4 Fannie Mae Chapter 13 Bankruptcy Guidelines 2011 - How Does It Work? ...“Hit the Button down below to start out ”....
4: Fannie Mae Chapter 13 Bankruptcy Guidelines 2011 - How Does It Work? 4 Fannie Mae Chapter 13 Bankruptcy Guidelines 2011 - How Does It Work? Fannie Mae Chapter 13 Bankruptcy Guidelines 2011 to see for yourself Fannie Mae Chapter 13 Bankruptcy Guidelines 2011 Uncover A number of Critical Particulars In choosing A personal bankruptcy Law firm If you're considering getting a las vegas bankruptcy laywer, you need to be sure of a couple of things so you know that you cash in on the right choice. In fact, you ought not leave your funds to just any person. Discover a number of information that you ought to consider when searching for your firm in which handles your circumstance. You should 1st determine whether this particular subject will be the merely one taken care of through the lawyer. You need a expert, not really someone that dabbles inside a little bit of everything. Which means you will want to look for any bankruptcy attorney particularly, certainly not someone who also discounts a whole lot along with divorce, dui, as well as duty regulations. You might be shocked the number of lawyers have a tendency to undertake various situations. While it's wonderful so that you can find tips on many topics just 1 agency, it is advisable to look for a professional since he or she can execute a great job on the bankruptcy situation, not merely the alright task on a number of situations for the same man or woman. You can find out this particular fine detail online since most legal sites talk about that exercise locations the actual law firms are knowledgeable about. It's also advisable to take into account that a number of law firms have a better qualifications as opposed to runners. As the number of cases they've got taken on, along with their training, may be important, you should also consider earlier work. As an example, some attorneys have also were as trustees, meaning they are able to see this procedure from a various point of view, so that they may have an idea of just what trustees will be searching for for you personally. A number of legal professionals happen to be most judges, too, which provides another exclusive viewpoint. Alternatively, possibly your bankruptcy lawyer has been by way of this specific fiscal course of action themselves previously, so that she or he is aware what you are experiencing and will also be sympathetic. These kinds of backdrops may help if you make hard determination to go belly up. When you visit a las vegas bankruptcy laywer, you will find that probably the most popular ones often keep on their education. This does not mean they go to law school, but that they can take tutorials along with training to assist renew their education of the legal guidelines surrounding bankruptcy. Many of the important since the legal guidelines often adjust every single couple of years, whether in main as well as modest ways. Finding a lawyer that is simply acquainted with that old regulations might have disastrous outcomes, thus ensure that normally the one you decide on says the frequency of which he or she gets updated for the more modern principles. You ought to be armed with sufficient details to carefully choose the best attorney to suit your needs. Your attorney at law will play a major part within whether or not you can efficiently begin again monetarily. To get the best chances of getting your situation accredited, not merely ignored in the court, you should get these details into consideration while exploring your own many options because of this legitimate proceed. ...“Hit the Button down below to start out ”.... Fannie Mae Chapter 13 Bankruptcy Guidelines 2011 Tag : Fast Loan Fannie Mae Chapter 13 Bankruptcy Guidelines 2011, Fast Approval Fannie Mae Chapter 13 Bankruptcy Guidelines 2011, Fannie Mae Chapter 13 Bankruptcy Guidelines 2011 Alaska Fannie Mae Chapter 13 Bankruptcy Guidelines 2011 We Got 99 Of 100 Based On 283 Customers Ratings Email ThisBlogThis!Share to TwitterShare to FacebookShare to Pinterest Newer Post Older Post Home
msmarco_doc_00_26032576
http://4allexams.blogspot.com/2010/07/history-political-history.html
Solved Questions and Answers: History: Political History
History: Political History- The Mughals and The Sikhs History: Political History
Solved Questions and Answers: History: Political History History: Political History History: Political History- The Mughals and The Sikhs Who united all the sikhs and founded a kingdom in the punjab ? (a) Guru Teg Bahadur (b) Maharaja Ranjit Singh (c) Guru Nanak (d) Guru Gobind Singh Answer: Maharaja Ranjit Singh The Mansabdri system introduced by akbar was borrowed from the system in (a) Mongolia (b) Afghanistan (c) Turkey (d) Persia Answer: Mongolia Who among the following was the first Mughal Emperor to allow Britishers to establish trade links with India ? (a) Akbar (b) Aurangzeb (c) Shahjehan (d) Jehangir Answer: Jehangir Which of the following is wrongly matched with his contemporary Mughal King ? (a) Jujhar Singh-Shahjehan (b) Jaswant Singh-Aurangzeb (c) Prithvi Raj Chauhan-Akbar (d) Rana Sanga-Babar Answer: Prithvi Raj Chauhan-Akbar The capital of the Mughal Empire was shifted from Agra to Delhi by (a) Jehangir (b) Humayun (c) Aurangzeb (d) Shahjehan Answer: Shahjehan The Peacock Throne was made for (a) Aurangzeb (b) Akbar (c) Shahjehan (d) Jehangir Answer: Shahjehan In 1662 A.D., Mirjumla, the Mughal Viceroy of Bengal led a succesful expedition to (a) Orissa (b) Avadh (c) Assam (d) Tibet Answer: Assam During the Mughal period, the incharge of law and order in the villages was (a) Qanungo (b) Muqaddam (c) Patwari (d) Karkun Answer: Muqaddam The dee-aspah sih-aspah system was introduced by (a) Shahjehan (b) Aurangzeb (c) Akbar (d) Jehangir Answer: Akbar Which of the following Rajput dynasties did not surrender to Akbar ? (a) Sisodiya (b) Pratihara (c) Parmar (d) Rathore Answer: Pratihara The East India Company was founded in India during the region of (a) Jehangir (b) Aurangzeb (c) Shahjehan (d) Akbar Answer: Akbar The capital of the kingdom of Maharaja Ranjit Singh was (a) Amritsar (b) Kapurthala (c) Lahore (d) Patiala Answer; Lahore The Sikh Guru was fought Mughals was (a) Guru Arjun Dev (b) Guru Teg Bahadur (c) Guru Gobind Singh (d) Guru Nanak Answer: Guru Gobind Singh The Mughal Empire in India was founded by (a) Aurangzeb (b) Zahir-ud-din Babar (c) Akbar the Great (d) Shahjehan Answer: Zahir-ud-din Babar When Akbar was young, his guardian was (a) Bairam Khan (b) Abul Fazal (c) Hemu (d) Faizi Answer: Bairam Khan During the decline of Mughal empire the Jats were organised into a political force by (a) Badan Singh (b) Rajaram (c) Suraj Mal (d) Churaman Answer; Badan Singh The two great Mughal rulers who wrote their own memories are (a) Babar and Humayun (b) Jehangir and Shahjehan (c) Humayun and Akbar (d) Babar and Jahengir Answer: Babar and Jahengir Whi initiated Din-I-Ilahi ? (a) Akbar (b) Jahangir (c) Shahjehan (d) Aurangzeb Answer: Akbar During Sher Shah's reign, the document containing the information of the tax that the farmer had to pay was called (a) Jaribana (b) Patta (c) Muhaslana (d) Quabuliat Answer: Patta Revenue system during Akbar's riegn was in the hands of (a) Todar Mal (b) Birbal (c) Bairam Khan (d) Man Singh Answer: Todar Mal Akbar assumed actual control over the administration of his empire in (a) 1560 (b) 1556 (c) 1562 (d) 1558 Answer: 1556 Babar laid the foundation of Mughal empirein 1562 by defeating (a) Daulat Khan Lodi (b) Ala-ud-din Khilji (c) Rana Sanga (d) Ibrahim Lodi Answer: Ibrahim Lodi During the reign of which of the following emperors was the artillery most perfect and numerous ? (a) Shahjehan (b) Jahangir (c) Aurangzeb (d) Akbar Answer: Aurangzeb Who consolited the Mughal empire and gave it a unique multi-religious culture ? (a) Aurangzeb (b) Akbar (c) Humayun (d) Jehangir Answer: Akbar The Sikh Guru was killed by the orders of Aurangzeb was (a) Guru Ram Das (b) Guru Gobind Singh (c) Guru Arjun Dev (d) Guru Teg Bahadur Answer: Guru Teg Bahadur Who among the following Mughals rulers introduced Rajput's patrons in the administration of his empire ? (a) Babar (b) Aurangzeb (c) Jehangir (d) Akbar Answer: Akbar Akbar founded the Din-I-Ilahi primarily to (a) Establish a national religion which would be acceptable to the Muslims and the Hindus (b) Form a religious club (c) Put an end to differences between the Hindus and the Muslims (d) Ensure racial and communal harmony Answer: Establish a national religion which would be acceptable to the Muslims and the Hindus The Sikh Khalsa was founded by (a) Guru Teg Bahadur (b) Guru Hargobind (c) Guru Nanak (d) Guru Gobind Singh Answer: Guru Gobind Singh During the Mughal Period, under the Zabti system, land revenue was assessed and was required to be paid (a) In cash or kind (b) By the zamindar on the behalf of the peasants (c) Only in cash (d) Only in kind Answer: In cash or kind The British allowed Ranjit Singh to rule over the territories west of the Satluj because (a) He proved to be a faithful ally (b) They needed his help in conquering Afghanistan (c) He was amenable to British pressure (d) They were afraid of his French trend army Answer: They were afraid of his French trend army Who was the last Mughal Emperor to sit on the peacock throne ? (a) Muhammad Shah (b) Shah Alam II (c) Bahadur Shah Zafar (d) Aurangzeb Answer: Muhammad Shah Akbar's land revenue system was known as (a) All of these (b) Zabti System (c) Bandobast system (d) Todarmal's revenue system Answer; Zabti System Who among the following Mughal rulers was ignorant of the art of reading and writing ? (a) Humayun (b) Jehangir (c) Akbar (d) Barber Answer: Akbar Which of the following statements about Akbar is incorrect ? (a) None of these (b) He maintained goods relations with Rajputs (c) He was a benavolent ruler (d) He founded a new religion Din-I-Ilahi Answer: None of these The birthplace of Guru Gobind Singh is (a) Patna (b) Fatehgarh Sahib (c) Amritsar (d) Anandpur Sahib Answer: Patna The Mughal ruler Bahadur Shah II was exiled by British and sent to (a) Hyderabad (b) Rangoon (c) Mandalay (d) Andaman and Nicobar Answer: Rangoon Din-I-Ilahi was accepted by (a) Raja Mansingh (b) Todarmal (c) Birbal (d) Tansen Answer: Birbal The first Mughal Emperor to issue a firman in favour of the british to open a factory at Surat was (a) Shahjehan (b) Akbar (c) Jehangir (d) Aurangzeb Answer: Jehangir Barbar won the Battle of Panipat mainly because of (a) Tulughma system (b) Afghan's disunity (c) His Military skill (d) His cavalry Answer: His Military skill The Jaziya was abolished by (a) Akbar (b) Sher Shah (c) Muhammad bin Tughlaq (d) Barbar Answer: Akbar The bitterest war of succession under the great Mughals was fought among the sons of (a) Babur (b) Aurangzeb (c) Jehangir (d) Shahjehan Answer: Shahjehan Which of the following contemporary sources of the Mughal period is especially useful for obtaining the information on the agrarian condition ? (a) Ain-i-Akbari (b) Tuzuk-i-Baburi (c) Akbarnamah (d) Tariksh-i-Firishta Answer: Ain-i-Akbari He left behind him an enemy still unsubdued, a minor son and a mercenary army. This descriptiongiven by Kennedy fits (a) Sher shah (b) Jehangir (c) Humayun (d) Barbar Answer: Humayun Which Mughal ruler had the Chain of Justice fastened up which could be shaken by his subjects to bring their grievances to his notice ? (a) Jehangir (b) Shahjehan (c) Humayun (d) Akbar Answer: Jehangir Sher Shah is created for introducing for the first time the following measure except (a) Currency system (b) Kland revenue system based on scientific principles. (c) Postal system (d) Spy system Answer: Currency system Which of the following statements about Ranjit Singh is incorrect ? (a) He organised an excellent fighting army (b) He posed a great challenge and resistance to the british (c) He was a succesful administrator (d) He wanted to form a separate Sikh state Answer: He posed a great challenge and resistance to the british Sikh Guru Arjun Dev was killed during the reign of (a) Humayun (b) Shah Jahan (c) Akbar (d) Jehangir Answer: Jehangir The Mughal Emperor, who died due to a sudden fall from the staircase, was (a) Humayun (b) Aurangzeb (c) Babar (d) Jehangir Answer: Humayun Which Mughal ruler was the most secular in outlook ? (a) Babar (b) Aurangzeb (c) Humayun (d) Akbar Answer: Akbar Which Mughal emperor gave land for the construction of the Golden Temple at Amritsar ? (a) Aurangzeb (b) Akbar (c) Jehangir (d) Shahjehan Answer: Akbar Who among the following was regarded as Zinda Pir ? (a) Akbar (b) Jehangir (c) Aurangzeb (d) Babar Answer: Aurangzeb Before the rise of Ranjit Singh, Punjab was under the control of (a) Sikh Misls (b) Maratha Commanders (c) Raider Groups (d) Tribal Chief Answer: Maratha Commanders During Aurangzeb's reign, which of the following were not included in the Government ? (a) Marathas (b) All of the above (c) Rajputs (d) Pathans Answer: Marathas Din-e-Ilahi of Akbar was not a succes because (a) All the Above (b) Through it was a collection of good principles in different religions, it was not suitably projected to the masses (c) After Akbar, it was not patronised (d) The Muslim did not accept other religious practise Answer: Through it was a collection of good principles in different religions, it was not suitably projected to the masses Chand Bibi who ceeded Berar to Akbar was the ruler of (a) Ahmednagar (b) Bijapur (c) Golconda (d) Bahmani Answer: Ahmednagar Which of the following pairs was incorrect ? (a) Bairam Khan - Akbar (b) Amir Khusrau - Jahangir (c) Jaswant Singh - Aurangzeb (d) Ambar Malik - Humayun Answer: Ambar Malik - Humayun Which Sikh Guru laid the foundation of the city of Amritsar ? (a) Guru Nanak (b) Guru Gobind Singh (c) Guru Arjun Dev (d) Guru Ramdas Answer: Guru Ramdas Which of the following statements about Din-I-Ilahi is not correct ? (a) It was a synthesis of all various religion known to Akbar (b) None of these (c) It was designed to cement the diverse communities in India (d) It was patronised by other Mongol rulers Answer: It was patronised by other Mongol rulers Mansabdari was introduced in India by (a) Humayun (b) Babar (c) Shahjehan (d) Akbar Answer: Akbar In 1809, Maharaja Ranjit Singh signed a treaty with (a) Shah Alam (b) Ruler of Sindh (c) King of Kashmir (d) East India Company Answer: East India Company Babar won the Battle of Panipat mainly because of (a) Afghan's disunity (b) His Military skill (c) His cavalry (d) Tulughma system Answer: His Military skill Which of the following causes was not responsible for the downfall of Mughal Empire ? (a) Religious policy of Aurangzeb (b) Revolts in various provinces of the empire (c) Mansabdari system (d) Deccan policy of Aurangzeb AnswerMansabdari system Who installed the Chain of Justice? (a) Jehangir (b) Akbar (c) Babar (d) Humayun Answer: Jehangir In the Mughal administration, military recruitment was being looked after by (a) Bakhshi (b) Wazir (c) Kotwal (d) Diwan Answer: Bakhshi Where did Babar die ? (a) Delhi (b) Agra (c) Kabul (d) Lahore Answer: Agra Babar entered India for the first time from the west through (a) Punjab (b) Rajasthan (c) Kashmir (d) Sind Answer: Punjab The bone of contention between the Shah of persia and the Mughals was the control of (a) Kabul (b) Kunduz (c) Ghazni (d) Kandhar Answer: Kandhar Maharaja Ranjit Singh signed a treaty of perpetual friendship with the british in the year 1809 at (a) Ferozpur (b) Ludhiana (c) Faridkot (d) Amritsar Answer; Amritsar Akbar has been called the First national King, mainly because of (a) Was highly tolerant and secular in his outlook (b) Provided an efficient government to the people (c) Was a great administrator (d) Established a new religion Din-i-Ilahi. Answer: Was highly tolerant and secular in his outlook Sher Shah made revenue settlement with (a) Zamindars (b) Jagirdars (c) Cultivators (d) Mansabdars Answer: Cultivators Sher Shah's real name was (a) Bahadur (b) Farid (c) Hemu (d) Faizi Answer: Farid The designation Amil in Akbar's time meant (a) Scared Law (b) Sacred book (c) Revenue officers (d) Custom officers Answer; Revenue officers The king generally considered to be the greatest ruler of Kashmir in the 15th century was (a) Shah Mirza (b) Zain-ul-Abidin (c) Yusuf Shah (d) Haider Shah Answer: Zain-ul-Abidin All of the following Rajput ruler acknowledged the Mughal sway in the second half of 16th century, except the ruler of (a) Bikaner (b) Jaisalmer (c) Amber (d) Mewar Answer: Mewar The Misl of which Ranjit Singh was the leader, was (a) Ramgarhia (b) Sukerchakia (c) Ahluwalia (d) Phulkia Answer:Sukerchakia Aurangzeb attack Bijapur and Golconda because (a) Aurangzeb was an orthodox Sunni and the ruler of Bijapur and Golconda were siha muslim (b) Ruler of Bijapur and Golconda were weak and as such if offered easy takeover (c) Bijapur and Golconda were supporting Marathas (d) Of Aurangzeb's policy of expansion and to consolidate his supremacy Answer: Of Aurangzeb's policy of expansion and to consolidate his supremacy In the Mughal administration, military recruitment was being looked after by (a) Kotwal (b) Diwan (c) Bakshi (d) Wazir Answer: Bakshi Which of the following Rajput dynasties did not surrender to Akbar ? (a) Parmar (b) Sisodiya (c) Rathore (d) Pratihara Answer: Pratihara Which of the following pairs is incorrect ? (a) Amir Khusrau - Jahangir (b) Ambar Malik - Humayun (c) Jaswant Singh - Aurangzeb (d) Bairam Khan - Akbar Answer: Bairam Khan - Akbar Who among the following Hindu courtiers of Akbar accepted Din-i-Ilahi ? (a) Todar Mal (b) Raja Man Singh (c) Birbal (d) Bhagwan Das Answer: Birbal Posted by ശ്രീരാജ്.എസ് at 3:45 AM Labels: General Knowledge , History Newer Post Older Post Home Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)
msmarco_doc_00_26037006
http://4amblogger.com/2011/02/04/the-worst-name-you-can-call-your-spouse/
The Worst Name you can Call Your Spouse.
The Worst Name you can Call Your Spouse. The Worst Name you can Call Your Spouse. Dear Ladies,
The Worst Name you can Call Your Spouse. The Worst Name you can Call Your Spouse. Tweet Warning: this blog post contains bad language and some politically incorrect statements that you may find offensive or possibly funny. Just letting you know. I’m sure when you read the title of this blog, there are a multitude of names that come to mind when referring to the opposite sex in a demeaning hurtful way. Before you shelter your eyes, there will be no words rhyming with hunt or locksucker. This is really about the most hurtful name you can say, not per se, the crudest name you could use. So the word itself may not make you cringe – but the lasting effects are what make it profound. The NAME: Dear Men, If you want to crumple your wife to the floor and shake her shell of confidence as a partner, a wife, mother, lover but most basically a woman, look her in the eye and in a measured voice say the following, ”you’re a bitch.” That’s it. The bitch offense will make all other conversation come to a halt. Of course there will possibly be some crying and yelling about how crappy you are as a human – but ultimately, you as a man, have rendered your wife defenceless and possibly mute for any further discussion about what you may have been trying to resolve. We all know there are more profane words – but calling a woman a bitch goes to the core of what we try our entire lives not to become. We actually spend time talking about other women that are clearly bitches and pat ourselves on the back for not being “that wife”. Ultimately we don’t want to be the nag, the ball and chain, the bitch. "Get away from her you bitch" Dear Ladies, If you are interested in stripping a man of his ego, his soul and possibly his manhood, the following phrase although may not stop them in their tracks, will resonant around in their brain for a later time when they are fully capable of comprehending the implications. I would suggest a verbal pause, an inhalation of breath, followed by the following phrase: “you’re an infant” or a “4 year old” or any number that represents the fact that your husband is suffering from a bewildering case of permanent pre-adolescense. Now, before you call me out and say, “Heather, you said one word. What you have given me here is a phrase.” You would be right, but let me delve deeper. The actual 2 words I would chose are retarded asshole. Stop. Don’t get on your politically correct high horse, the word ‘retard’ means: cause to move more slowly or operate at a slower rate. The word asshole, has a variety of meanings but in this case it’s just an excellent all round description of your spouse at the time of invocation. So for the sake of simplicity and political correctness, and the fact that I said ‘one word’, if you want to make them walk out the door just say, “honey, you are useless “. Or in the verbal crossfire, “You are a useless asshole.” Men want to be productive, important, even profound – when you invoke the ‘Useless” incantation, it makes them burn – smoulder and produces a shut down effect like no other word. THE CASE: From the woman’s lookout. A small percentage of the time I spend chatting with my girlfriends we are complaining. Mostly about men. Usually the main man in our lives. These can vary from specific complaints – like, ’I wish he would turn the door knob when he is closing the door instead of pushing it shut so it makes that slamming noise’ to broader complaints like, ‘why is there a trail of crap from the front door to every spot he has travelled in the house?’ Inevitably as women we continue along, picking up and shutting up because it’s easier than actually getting our spouses to do what it is we are trying to accomplish. Now, if you have been married for more than – oh say, a day and a half and you perhaps have 0-3 kids thrown into the mix you can understand what happens. Little by little we start to suggest ways in which it would be helpful for you to remember to do things that make our lives easier. It goes like this: suggest, ask, question, assert, nag, and finally bitch. We break. We become the cliche we have strived to avoid. No woman wants to be called a bitch. And let me tell you, it’s not when things are at their worst – no such luck. We snap and move to raging bitch when it appears the simplest thing has gone wrong. Here is the unintended result: 1) You see us as crazy and avoid us thus making us crazier than before 2) when nothing changes from this verbal exchange, we go back to sucking it up until the next straw. Inevitable the next straw comes at closer intervals. Then of course we are labelled temporarily insane. That’s us. Women are the multi-taskers of the universe. We usually manage the kids, hold down a job, do the majority of the cleaning and the child care as well as the planning and managing the household. When we want you to take care of something we aren’t talking to you in ‘space’ and would be wet with excitement if the task was completed. Oh and if you are going to do what we ask – don’t do it half ass in the hopes that we won’t ask you to do it again. I’ve never seen my husband pack for a hunting trip and forget, well, anything. (See, even the writing is bitchy.) This is where the Useless label comes from. 1) Managing to plan a trip with your guys friends down to the last detail of who will be preparing each night’s dinner and the appropriate corresponding scotch but not be able to pack your kid’s lunch box without an item that contains nuts. (thus sending a letter home, reminding ‘us’ that other children could die if we weren’t more considerate with our lunch choices.) 2) After spending 4 hours alone with the kids, because mommy ‘gets’ to go out and run errands, arriving home to find that kids have not eaten, the house is a disaster, the kitchen appears to have been the assault of an IED – and your first words are “I feel cooped up – I would like to get out for a run”. 3) After multiple lists, yellow sticky notes and patient discussion of what you will need to bring to the party because I will be coming straight from work and have already prepared the food and taken care of all the arrangements for said evening event, you show up without anything and have forgotten the hostess gift thus making us look cheap and lazy. THE CASE: From the man’s lookout. Guys talk to their guy friends about 1) Viral videos, 2) Sports things 3) Getting together to: drink, watch viral videos, do sporty things or some combination there of. Guys like to have fun, they like to go out, work out, eat out and have sex. Guys generally like to build things, fix things, install things or break things. They mostly enjoy working on their bodys, their vehicles, their projects or watching funny You Tube videos Things men are good at. Lots of our guys have a good job, they are decent men, good fathers, and loyal. They are the kings of the “one-off”. Completing projects that are generally one time deals. Building the deck, organizing the garage, setting up the internet, or fixing the drywall hole (more than likely – created by them). Most of our guys are also the caretakers of the lawn, the car maintenance and the snow removal. Call it stereotyping because it is and because it’s mostly true. Once a guy has finished his day at work, mowed the lawn, emptied the crap out of the car and played with the kids he patiently listens while we make our first set of requests. ’Honey, can you please bath the kids” or can you please make arrangements for our flight to Florida” or can you please tidy the kitchen while I get ready for a project due for work”. Here’s the problem. No matter what the task – we inevitably complain about how it got done or when it got done. This is infuriating for men. Here’s how we get labeled “bitch”. 1) It doesn’t matter what the task is, we mentally grade your result and then proceed to list our complaints: Tidying the kitchen? “oh I wish you had not left the dishes to dry in the sink” “Why did you put the strainer here? It goes in this cupboard.” ”oh don’t worry, I like the feel of crumbs on my feet, I’ll just sweep again” We forget to utter even a small word of thanks for doing the task and more often these are the things we say, “thanks for tiding the kitchen, pause, it would have been great if you… (yikes I can hear myself). 2) It doesn’t matter that you took the kids for a great outing in the park. We will complain that you forgot to feed them, why are they still wearing their pajamas and most hatedly, we greet you at the door with words like, oh did they sleep in the car, did you feed them – wow, you didn’t wipe their faces? Rather than a ‘hi honey – I missed you and thanks for taking the kids out”. 3) We foster complaints like mold on bread. We let them develop, ferment and then linger. We have conversations in our minds about how we will tell you how disappointed we are and then we will rehearse them until it has the perfect bitch tone or quality. Inevitably we unleash these complaints at the worst time like when you are happy. Why? Why do we do this. Why can’t we just be nice and happy to have a husband that is caring, thoughtful, and faithful? Why can’t we just have sex with you on a regular basis without prompting? Ahh these are questions I ponder every day. Why are guys useless and why are women bitches? I do have some answers…next week will reveal new and startling insights into these two questions. For now – post your comments on why you think this to be true. Or post a comment telling me you are of course the exception to the rule and how your relationship could make a shit pile smell like roses:) being together, bitch, divorce, getting along, husband, love, marriage, men, relationships, spouse names, useless, wife, women
msmarco_doc_00_26051375
http://4betterhome.com/convertible-coffee-table-to-dining-solutions/
10 Smart and Functional Convertible Coffee Table to Dining Solutions
10 Smart and Functional Convertible Coffee Table to Dining Solutions 10 Smart and Functional Convertible Coffee Table to Dining Solutions 1. Convertible coffee table from Tom Rossau 2. Transforming coffee table designed by Duffy London 3. Coffee table transforms into dining with seats 4. Modern glass coffee table into dining table 5. Coffee table that rises into dining table 6. Classic style convertible coffee table 7. Contemporary convertible coffee to dining table by Compar 8. Frosted glass coffee table to dining 9. ORFEO convertible coffee table 10. Convertible coffee table with LED lighting
10 Smart and Functional Convertible Coffee Table to Dining Solutions Home > Space Saving Ideas > 10 Smart and Functional Convertible Coffee Table to Dining Solutions 10 Smart and Functional Convertible Coffee Table to Dining Solutions Space Saving Ideas In previous article we looked at the different types of transformable tables like coffee tables that transform into full dining, converts to desk and small, compact tables that transform into impressive dining tables. This time lets look closer to the convertible coffee table solutions that turn into a full dining tables. ALSO READ Top 10 Convertible Coffee Tables with Shipping to USA Nowadays, this type of tables are very popular among people. At first glance it may seem that convertible coffee tables are only for those who have small space, but not really. These tables are functional and perfect for everyday use, since they maximize living space that can be used for daily activities. When it’s necessary it serves as compact coffee table or spacious dining table where to welcome guests. Therefore, this time lets look closer at 10 different coffee tables in modern, traditional and classics styles to fit in every home. 1. Convertible coffee table from Tom Rossau This particular coffee table is designed by Tom Rossau and can be used as well as in modern as traditional interior design. When folded its compact coffee table, but when expanded into a dining table, gives seating about 6 to 10 people. Available in bamboo finish. Measurements for coffee table: 150 x 70 x 40cm (LxWxH), dining table: 230 x 70 x 70cm (LxWxH). 2. Transforming coffee table designed by Duffy London This transforming coffee table is multifunctional and will perfectly fit in a modern and a bit provincial interior. It miraculously converts from a coffee table to a dining table in two simple movements. Producer offer two options when made of wood or metal and can be selected for use indoors or outdoors. Available in many finishes like white melamine and black base or white melamine and white base, oak, walnut and other furnishings as you may wish. They produce two size coffee tables – MK1 MINI and MK1 LARGE. Measurements for MINI coffee table: 75 x 75 x 35cm (LxWxH), dining 135 x 75 x 75cm (LxWxH). LARGE coffee table dimensions: 120 x 75 x 35cm (LxWxH), dining table 185 x 75 x 75cm (LxWxH). 3. Coffee table transforms into dining with seats Most often, when there is talk about convertible table, raises question about chairs. Where to store them? This convertible coffee table is interesting with its solution 3 in 1. Its not only coffee and dining table, when its fold out, it gives extra seats as well. 4. Modern glass coffee table into dining table From an elegant and modern coffee table, it turns into a comfortable dining table. At first glance it seems that the table is fragile, but the first impression may be mistaken. This convertible coffee table is perfectly stable and safe both in the low and the high position thanks to the security system that prevents the table to close suddenly. Available with transparent glass top and chromed metal legs. Measurements for coffee table: 120 x 70 x 34 cm (LxWxH), dining table: 120×70 x 74 cm (LxWxH). 5. Coffee table that rises into dining table Coffee table with functional, contemporary and timeless design that rises from normal coffee table height to standard dining table. It that can be elevated by a simple button press underneath the table top. Works with a rechargeable battery this way provides desired height. Coffee table is available in oak, walnut, cherry wenge, beech and teak finishes. Measurements for coffee and dining table: 135 x 77 x 49 – 71 cm (LxWxH). 6. Classic style convertible coffee table When it comes to convertible coffee tables, then most of production is made in modern or traditional style. This particular coffee table is good example of classic style table. Top of the table is made from veneered chipboard (beech), but legs of solid birch. Available in furnishing of walnut, cherry, oak, wenge and dark wenge. Made by Lithuanian company Optimata and costs average 600,- EUR What is more impressive these tables are made in good quality and has impressive dimensions: 124/164/204/244 x 75 x 62/81 cm. 7. Contemporary convertible coffee to dining table by Compar This charming coffee – dining table is designed by Italian company. Their modern furniture pieces find a perfect match between innovative designs and product functionality. Available in high gloss white with matt white or walnut veneer with metallic bronze lacquer. Measurements for coffee table when folded 120 x 76/83 x 43cm (LxWxH), dining table 120 x 76 (LxH). 8. Frosted glass coffee table to dining This ice frosted glass coffee – dining table is designed by DOMITALIA. The company’s mission and fundamental values are the manufacture of Made-in-Italy products which are distinguished by their clear-cut design and comfort. This particular coffee table is adjustable both in height and length. Available with tempered glass top and lacquered steel frame. Measurements for coffee- dining table: 110/150x 75x 35.5/82cm (LxWxH). 9. ORFEO convertible coffee table Compact and functional contemporary coffee table that converts in full dining table by safe closing and opening mechanism with “anti-crushing”. Available in the following color options: laminated in white or brown, veneered in glossy white, dark brown oak or white oak. The base and the mechanism are made of painted steel, that is available in glossy white or matt black colour, but the mechanism only in black colour. Coffee – dining table measurements: 80/160 x 80 x 41/74 cm (LxWxH). (where to buy) 10. Convertible coffee table with LED lighting This impressive contemporary convertible coffee table comes with colorful LED lighting system that will give chic to any modern interior. Designed by Italian company Ozzio Design. This company is known for a lot of interesting transformable solutions. This is one of them that got electric adjustable height and transforms from coffee table to dining with sliding side extensions. Available with glass top and “Mirror” aluminium/steel frame. Coffee – dining table measurements: 120/160/200 x 74 x 43/82 cm (LxWxH). Extends in pretty impressive dining table where can freely sit 8 people.
msmarco_doc_00_26061944
http://4betterhome.com/convertible-tables-for-small-spaces/
Convertible Tables: Smart and Modern Solutions for Small Spaces
Convertible Tables: Smart and Modern Solutions for Small Spaces Convertible Tables: Smart and Modern Solutions for Small Spaces Convertible Tables – Coffee into Dining Coffee Table Converts to Desk Convertible Dining Table About Costs
Convertible Tables: Smart and Modern Solutions for Small Spaces Home > Home Solutions & Space Saving Ideas > Convertible Tables: Smart and Modern Solutions for Small Spaces Convertible Tables: Smart and Modern Solutions for Small Spaces Home Solutions, Space Saving Ideas If you live in a small apartment or house, then probably you are also faced with the dilemma of what to buy- coffee table, dining table or better work desk? Therefore, today, let’s talk about the convertible tables, which combine two or even all three variants- coffee table, dining table and even work desk. ALSO READ Top 10 Convertible Coffee Tables with Shipping to USA One of the most popular companies that specialize in modern and multi-functional furniture designs are “Ozzie Design”, “John Strand” and “Calligaris”. Ozzie Company’s main motto is: “Welcome to a new dimension, where everything is possible”. And, indeed, looking at their created furnishings seems surprising how a 43 cm deep and 100 cm wide table turns into a 100 cm deep and 293 cm wide dining table. Convertible Tables – Coffee into Dining Among the most popular are coffee tables that convert to dining tables. Their design and shape are different: rectangular, round, with metal or wooden legs. Materials for table tops and legs are available in a wide range, so, it can be matched with a variety of furniture and interior design styles. These types of transformer tables all work similarly. Mainly differ in the mechanism- picks up with the touch of a dedicated button or knob. Accordingly, after the surface of the table is turned and opened as the book, resulting in a full dining table of 75 cm height. At this table can comfortably sit 4-8 people depending on design and size. Coffee Table Converts to Desk This is the second most common type of convertible coffee tables. Great solution for desk combined with a coffee table. The big benefit of this design has a built-in shelf that can be used for books, magazines, documents, stationery, notebook and for other storage. As well provide the ideal working height for those who use laptop or simply work at home. Mechanism works easy by lifting the tabletop up and pulling it toward you. Convert table back in the same way by simply lowering down. Convertible Dining Table Convertible dining tables are third popular category. Nowadays, space saving tables becoming more and more popular. Not without reason. At first, when they are folded, they are small and minimalist, but converted in full can reach an impressive banquet tables. For example, Ozzio Design table “Golia” has a particularly clever design. Since the minimum size is 75 cm high, 100 cm wide and 43 cm deep. In turn, the maximum size is 75 cm high, 100 cm deep and 293 cm long. At this table can comfortably sit 12-15 people. Pretty impressive, isn’t it? They mainly work on gas adjustable height and have inside the aluminum mechanism that operates on the principle of the telescope. Thus way dining tables can be pulled out as a series of different sizes. About Costs “Ozzie Design”, “John Strand” and “Calligaris” design tables are not cheap. It costs an average range from 400.00 to 2566.00 British pounds, depending on model and choice of materials. But what is good think about buying this type of tables, that you can obtain 2 to 3 tables in one, which are not minor if you have small space. If you found this post interesting and useful ‘share’ it with others.
msmarco_doc_00_26069188
http://4betterhome.com/low-bunk-beds-for-low-ceilings/
14 Low Bunk Beds Solutions for Low Ceilings
14 Low Bunk Beds Solutions for Low Ceilings 14 Low Bunk Beds Solutions for Low Ceilings Twin Bunk Beds that Can Separate Short Bunk Bed with Built-in Ladder Very Low Twin Bunk Bed Twin Over Twin Bunk Bed with Shelves Twin Over Twin Bunk Bed with Wardrobe Low Twin Over Full Low Bunk Bed Twin Over Twin Solid Wood Bunk Bed Caribou Twin over Twin Bunk Bed with Ladder Twin over Twin Standard Bunk Bed with Scalloped Bookcase Jamie Twin Over Twin Bunk Bed Rustic Hand-Stained Finish Low Profile Bunk Bed Sacramento Full over Full Bunk Bed with Built-In Ladder Twin Over Full Low Height Bunk Bed with Storage Twin over Twin Standard Bunk Bed with Underbed Storage
14 Low Bunk Beds Solutions for Low Ceilings Home > Space Saving Ideas > 14 Low Bunk Beds Solutions for Low Ceilings 14 Low Bunk Beds Solutions for Low Ceilings Space Saving Ideas Low ceilings often make homes feel cramped, especially when longing for a comfortable room for a restful, good night’s sleep. If your space is not tall, you can focus on its horizontal elements and add things that will put emphasize the horizontal aspect of the room. Perhaps you would like to consider having low bunk beds! With some creativity and willingness to try various solutions, you can surely adjust and do other things to help you live with low ceilings better. Low Bunk beds are all about combining a fun, playful vibe with space-saving solutions that help maximize available room. More than space, low bunk beds can make low ceiling less noticeable because it adds horizontal strength of your room. If you are picking a kids bunk bed, make sure to invest a bit more in bringing home a selection that comes with plenty of drawers and a few smart shelves. You can even go a step further and bring home a smart bunk bed with trundle that allows your kids to quickly tuck away clutter. Even adult bedrooms and guest rooms can benefit from modern bunk bed designs. However, you should ensure there are at least 2 or 3 feet of space between the top mattress of the bunk bed and the ceiling to avoid injury when sitting up and to prevent bumping the ceiling with your head in middle of the night. Look for low bunk bed designs that have the maximum height of probably with no more than 60 inches. The abundance of low bunk bed styles proves that it can do more than just saving space. To help you decide on which low bunk bed will fit into the lifestyles of your children and families, here are 14 smart low bunk beds solutions for low ceiling. One good thing about this collection is that they are five to six feet tall which means most 7- 8 foot ceiling will give you the ample room that you need plus they very much available for purchase, we have provided the links for your review and buying convenience. ALSO READ 13 Low Loft Beds for Kids Rooms with Low Ceilings Twin Bunk Beds that Can Separate Bunk beds are known for having flexible designs. A good example is a twin bunk bed that can separate. They are good stacked or separated. It has 43.5” width and 79.25” depth. With only 47.5” height, it fits even for ceilings lower than 7 feet . This is also very practical in the future when you are looking forward moving on to a bigger space. ( where to buy) Short Bunk Bed with Built-in Ladder This short bunk bed has the right scale fitted for a space with lower ceilings. It is smaller in size (47” H x 58” W x 31” D ) but offers a sturdy frame with a four-step built-in ladder for safety. It solves not only your ceiling problem. It also offers extra storage underneath the bottom bunk. You may consider putting storage drawers or an extra bed for additional sleeping space. ( where to buy) Very Low Twin Bunk Bed A very low bunk bed emphasizes the ceiling height even more with a vertical slatted design. Having an overall dimension of 50” H x 42.5” W x 80” D, it’s a perfect size for your low ceiling room. Plus the detachable guardrails are high enough to provide safety on the top bed. ( where to buy) Twin Over Twin Bunk Bed with Shelves Bunk bed with shelves provides an easy access to keeping cords for lamps, media devices or reading materials. The ladder and the bookcase are reversible to give way for angles and corners of a small room. For your reference, dimensions are 53.5” H x 38.6” W x 89” D. ( where to buy) Twin Over Twin Bunk Bed with Wardrobe A small twin bunk bed that goes all out in the storage department. It has a two-door wardrobe closet, bookshelves and one drawer under the bottom bunk. And you get 2 European twin XL mattresses. With an overall size of 55.4” H x 109.2” W x 47.6” D, it is best suited for your micro-apartment or condo units. ( where to buy) Low Twin Over Full Low Bunk Bed A low size twin over full bunk bed that provides more sleeping space without taking up extra space. This bunk bed configuration has a total height is 60.6”, while depth is 78.1”. Its width from side to side, without the ladder, is 57.24″. And 66.73 wide when the ladder attached. They are best suited for both boys and girls bedroom design, even perfect for a guest room. ( where to buy) Twin Over Twin Solid Wood Bunk Bed This solid wood bunk bed can easily blend with the rest of your furniture that you already have. Its durable and sturdy frame implies that it will last for years. Dimensions are 59.5” H x 42.75” W x 80.24” D. While wood finishes available are Cherry and Dark Walnut. ( where to buy) Caribou Twin over Twin Bunk Bed with Ladder A twin over twin bunk bed that is just right for kids sharing a room or for sleepovers. It can comfortably hold a single sleeper on each level, without feeling crowded. The guard rails are conveniently removable and can accommodate up 10″ mattress height. While, dimensions are 58.25” H x 42.63” W x 78.38” D. (where to buy) Twin over Twin Standard Bunk Bed with Scalloped Bookcase Wooden bunk bed designs are popular because of its versatility. A good example is a bunk bed with bookcase headboard. It is very convenient for kids and young adults who love to read before sleeping. Or an easy grab of their books during exam weeks. Also great for keeping toys of younger children. Recommended mattress height is 8”, in order not cover the bookcase. (where to buy) Jamie Twin Over Twin Bunk Bed This bunk bed with stairs and storage is the best alternative to ladders. Not only stairs are safer than ladders, but also they often provide more storage space. Like in this product, it has 3 hidden drawers located at the foot-board. Dimensions are 44” H x 42” W x 93.75” D. While bunk configurations can be done in 2 ways: L-shape and standard. (where to buy) Rustic Hand-Stained Finish Low Profile Bunk Bed Low profile bunk beds are roughly 10-12 inches shorter than traditional bunk beds. They are very useful in spaces with low ceilings and a great option for younger children. Overall dimensions are 48” H x 80” W x 41” D. ( where to buy) Sacramento Full over Full Bunk Bed with Built-In Ladder Metal bunk beds convey a modern, contemporary look. Below is a full over full bunk bed that is perfect when you need to fit two full sized beds into a smaller room, less the ceiling woes. Overall Dimensions are 59” H x 57” W x 78.25” D. With a wider bed, the chance of an accident happening is very little. The mattress, however, should not be more than 6″ to keep the guardrails safety purpose. Underneath the bottom bunk is compatible with a trundle bed. (where to buy) Twin Over Full Low Height Bunk Bed with Storage Twin over full bunk bed with built-in stairs is the ultimate solution when you are after to safety. If you wish to get a bunk bed for your child. But can’t contain the idea of her/him climbing that ladder up and down over and over, then this is the way to go. Plus, you get nice deep storage drawers, both on steps and underneath the bottom bunk. ( where to buy) Twin over Twin Standard Bunk Bed with Underbed Storage This bunk bed with under bed storage drawers has an overall dimension of 56” H x 42” W x 81” D. The under bed drawers provide extra storage for clothes, toys and cut down under bed clutter. At 56″ height, it still provides enough headroom between the top and bottom of bunk, with 28″ clearance. (where to buy)
msmarco_doc_00_26073214
http://4bombshells.com/locations.aspx
Bombshells Restaurants and Bars
LOCATIONS Bombshells Houston-South Bombshells Spring Bombshells 290 Bombshells Pearland Bombshells I-10 East Bombshells 249 Bombshells Katy Bombshells 59 (I-69) Bombshells Austin Bombshells Dallas
Bombshells Restaurants and Bars LOCATIONS Bombshells Houston-South 12810 Gulf Freeway Houston, TX 77034 Tel. (281) 484-3279 Bombshells Spring 21005 IH 45 North Spring, TX 77388 Tel. (281) 288-2769 Bombshells 290 14191 Northwest Freeway Houston, TX 77040 Tel. (281) 845-6411 Bombshells Pearland 13965 South Freeway Pearland, TX 77584 Tel. (346) 802-2609 Bombshells I-10 East 13732 East Freeway Houston, TX 77020 Tel. (832) 831-6434 Bombshells 249 24628 State Highway 249 Tomball, TX 77375 Tel. (281) 694-4695 Bombshells Katy 20516 Katy Frwy Katy, TX 77450 Tel. (346) 322-4805 Fax (281) 397-6730 Bombshells 59 (I-69) 6888 Southwest Fwy Houston, TX 77036 Tel. (713) 814-5845 Bombshells Austin 15119-C North I-35 Service Austin, TX 78660 Tel. (512) 670-2662 Bombshells Dallas 7501 N. Stemmons Fwy Suite 140 Dallas, TX 75247 Tel. (214) 267-2662
msmarco_doc_00_26081863
http://4cameron.weebly.com/uploads/1/3/7/4/13748160/dra-summary_1.pdf
What is the DRA? When and to whom is the DRA administered? What does a student’s DRA level mean? Developmental Reading Continuum Emergent Readers Early Readers Transitional Readers Extending Readers Grade Level Expectations: How do teachers use DRA results?
DRA Summary What is the DRA? The Developmental Reading Assessment (DRA) is a standardized reading test used to determine a student’s instructional level in reading. The DRA is administered individually to students by teachers and/or reading specialists. Students read a selection (or selections) and then retell what they have read to the examiner. As the levels increase, so does the difficulty level for each selection. When and to whom is the DRA administered? The DRA is administered to all students in Gr. 1-3 during a testing window in September and again in May. It may be administered at other times during the school year, especially at mid-year, so that teachers can track student progress. What does a student’s DRA level mean? The DRA level indicated on a student’s report card shows the score attained during the September or May testing window. The levels can show a student’s current reading level according to a Developmental Reading Continuum, shown below, along with grade level benchmarks for the beginning and end of grades 1-3. A full description of the characteristics of Emergent, Early, Transitional, and Extending Readers is on the next page. Developmental Reading Continuum DRA Levels: Emergent Readers Early Readers Transitional Readers Extending Readers 1 2 3 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 24 28 30 34 38 40 44 Grade Level Expectations: Level 3 – Beginning of Gr. 1 Level 16 – End of Gr. 1 – Beginning of Gr. 2 Level 28 – End of Gr. 2 – Beginning of Gr. 3 Level 38 – End of Gr. 3 How do teachers use DRA results? Teachers use DRA results, along with the results of other assessments, to determine whether students are reading on, above, or below grade level. By knowing student DRA levels, teachers can plan for small group, guided reading instruction, including targeted interventions and supplemental support. Teachers select materials that match students’ instructional levels and provide appropriate instruction to challenge them. PASD, 11/08 Emergent Readers: Grade Level Benchmark: Mid- to End of Kindergarten Demonstrate left to right progression with one to three lines of text Match spoken word to printed word (one-to-one correspondence) Differentiate words and letters Know the sounds and names of most letters Read patterned text using picture and oral language clues Read familiar text with some support Read new text with support Locate and use known words to self-monitor Can sometimes retell story including elements such as characters or events DRA Levels A-2 Early Readers: Grade Level Benchmark: Beginning to Mid-Gr. 1 Select new texts with support Read familiar texts independently Read new texts with some support Gather some information about the story from the teacher’s introductions and the pictures Begin to connect events when previewing pictures Generally read word by word with a few short phrases Know names and sounds of all letters Recognize a growing number of high frequency words Pause at difficulty and begin to problem solve Detect and self-correct some miscues Retell including some story organization, story events (can be out of sequence), and some details about characters and events Link the story to personal experience DRA Levels 3-10 Transitional Readers: Grade Level Benchmark: Mid-Gr. 1 to End of Gr. 2 Select appropriately leveled reading materials most of the time Read familiar and some new texts independently Read longer text Read silently more often Self-initiate previewing new text and making predictions Read somewhat smoothly with slight pauses at difficult parts of the text Usually read with expression and attention to punctuation Use efficient strategies to problem solve unknown words Self-correct miscues Retell demonstrating an understanding of the text organization, including main ideas, details about characters, setting, and events, and a literal interpretation. Link the story to personal experience and other media or events DRA Levels 12-24 Extending Readers: Grade Level Benchmark: Beginning Gr. 3 to End of Gr. 4 Select books for a variety of purposes Read texts independently Read longer text over several sessions without losing track of story and meaning Read silently with good understanding Read new genres with some support Self-initiate previewing text making multiple predictions Read smoothly, with effective expression and attention to punctuation Use strategies automatically Retell demonstrating a very good understanding of text that is organized and sequential; includes main ideas, important details about characters, setting, and events, and vocabulary and specialized phrases from the text Use background knowledge and experience to interpret the story Link the story to other literature DRA Levels 28-44 PASD, 11/08
msmarco_doc_00_26083111
http://4castplus.com/key-features/project-tracking/
Construction Management Solutions | 4castplus Project Cost Management Software
Field Data Capture from the Jobsite to the Office in Real-Time 4castplus integrates your Jobsite and your office in a single solution. Field personnel enter all labor, equipment, materials, vendor expenses and production quantities into an easy-to-use interface that’s connected live with the office. Get Free from Paper and Spreadsheets and Re-Keying of Data No more paper timecards or spreadsheets or multi-entry of information – all your project teams and data are digitally united into a single, powerful system. Not getting accurate and timely costs & activities from the field or jobsite can significantly compromise the success of any construction project. With 4castplus, there’s no need to struggle with data errors, missed information, delays and a lack of project visibility. There is simply a better way. Integrated Construction Management, Project Controls, Procurement in a Collaborative Platform The 4castplus Jobsite LEM tracking system enables Daily or Multi-Day entry for all project activities and costs. With a fluid 3-clicks workflow and stress-free approvals, users can enter labor time, materials, equipment, third-party vendor expenses, documents and progress in minutes. Your project managers and project controls staff back in the office all have the full suite of 4castplus project controls tools to efficiently manage, control and report on all your projects. One-Touch Data 4castplus is completely web-based, in the cloud and available anywhere. All the data is centrally managed and cost information is continuously calculated. No need to manually re-enter your crew data to get a total cost & revenue picture. It’s all just there, all the time. Key Features Designed For Field Personnel Track Vendor Expenses and Vendor Accruals One-Click LEM Reporting One-Touch Data – Direct Accounting Integration Offline or Cloud Versions Document Management Track Progress Project Management and Project Controls Routing Field Data for Approvals and Billing Further Reading
Construction Management Solutions | 4castplus Project Cost Management Software Field Data Capture from the Jobsite to the Office in Real-Time 4castplus integrates your Jobsite and your office in a single solution. Field personnel enter all labor, equipment, materials, vendor expenses and production quantities into an easy-to-use interface that’s connected live with the office. Get Free from Paper and Spreadsheets and Re-Keying of Data No more paper timecards or spreadsheets or multi-entry of information – all your project teams and data are digitally united into a single, powerful system. Not getting accurate and timely costs & activities from the field or jobsite can significantly compromise the success of any construction project. With 4castplus, there’s no need to struggle with data errors, missed information, delays and a lack of project visibility. There is simply a better way. “I love the 4castplus LEM tracking system. It’s fast, easy to use and everything I need is in the same place. I want all my projects in 4castplus. ” Amy Perrin, Secure Energy Services Integrated Construction Management, Project Controls, Procurement in a Collaborative Platform The 4castplus Jobsite LEM tracking system enables Daily or Multi-Day entry for all project activities and costs. With a fluid 3-clicks workflow and stress-free approvals, users can enter labor time, materials, equipment, third-party vendor expenses, documents and progress in minutes. Your project managers and project controls staff back in the office all have the full suite of 4castplus project controls tools to efficiently manage, control and report on all your projects. One-Touch Data 4castplus is completely web-based, in the cloud and available anywhere. All the data is centrally managed and cost information is continuously calculated. No need to manually re-enter your crew data to get a total cost & revenue picture. It’s all just there, all the time. Request a Live Demo Key Features Designed For Field Personnel The 4castplus interface has been specifically designed for ease-of-use for construction workers. In addition to a simple interface, all entry options are pre-configured by project managers in the office so that site personnel only need to enter quantities. All the rates, tasks, allowances, codes and much more are already organized so as to simplify data entry. Track Vendor Expenses and Vendor Accruals Third-party vendor expenses can also be captured directly in the field. Site users can scan & upload the associated invoices or receipts as project artifacts. Vendor expenses can either be recorded against a pre-existing purchase order, or as a non-PO expense. 4castplus provides powerful tools and reporting to deliver deep insight into vendor expenses, accruals and adjustments. One-Click LEM Reporting 4castplus provides customizable LEM reports that are available in a single click. Reports that summarize all the time, expenses, daily log and progress captured. Field staff can print the LEM report – then have it signed, scanned and uploaded back into 4castplus as a project artifact. One-Touch Data – Direct Accounting Integration All entries into 4castplus job tracking modules can be synchronized with your accounting system and payroll. Reduce errors and save valuable time – there’s just no need to touch this information more than once. Offline or Cloud Versions For users working in areas with sketchy internet connections, 4castplus provides an Offline interface which can be synchronized with the server later when the user has access to internet. Document Management On any day at the Jobsite, there can be a vast array of documents that need to be coordinated and accounted for. As part of this 4castplus field data capture tool, field personnel can upload all their documents – which will be attached to the day`s entries to keep them organized and cataloged. All the field guy needs to do, is drag and drop the document into the right drop zone, and the document will be tagged with an abundance of metadata for appropriate routing and classification. Track Progress Site personnel can track physical progress made on any activities. This progress can be used for determining Percent Complete, and for Unit Price projects. Project Management and Project Controls The office team have a full suite of project controls and project management dashboards that are updated instantaneously delivering the full picture of your project’s health. Routing Field Data for Approvals and Billing Every billable entry into a 4castplus Tracking Module is available to the integrated 4castplus Invoicing system. No need to sync data or copy information from one place to the next; it’s all tightly tied together for a fully closed-loop application. Further Reading Real-time project information – Start a Revolution Get it Right the First Time – How to Ensure Accuracy in Jobsite Tracking Managing Vendor Accruals and Vendor Invoice Matching on Large Construction Projects Managing the Complexities of Labor Rate Rules Jobsite LEM Tracking – What About Vendor Accruals? How to reduce Errors when tracking LEM from the Jobsite
msmarco_doc_00_26091903
http://4chairdiscipling.com/
4 Chair Discipling by Dann Spader (Sonlife) // Growing a Movement of Disciple-Makers
4 Chair Discipling Jesus recognized that the people He encountered were at different stages of growth and development, and He worked to challenge each of them to move to the next level. – Joe Stowell President Cornerstone University / Grand Rapids MI – Ed Stetzer President Lifeway Research Which chair are you in? Chair 1 Chair 2 Chair 3 Chair 4
4 Chair Discipling by Dann Spader (Sonlife) // Growing a Movement of Disciple-Makers 4 Chair Discipling by Dann Spader Welcome Videos Downloads Order Book 4 Chair Discipling Growing a Movement of Disciple-Makers by Dann Spader. 4 Chair Discipling Jesus recognized that the people He encountered were at different stages of growth and development, and He worked to challenge each of them to move to the next level. In 4 Chair Discipling, you'll get a clear and simple picture of how to follow in Jesus' footsteps and do the same thing. Preview Chapter 1 (PDF) Order Book Feature 1 "Of all the disciplers I know, my friend Dann Spader is at the top of the list. He disciples with his life, through his seminars and workshops, and now, thankfully, through this powerful book. Highly recommended!" – Joe Stowell President Cornerstone University / Grand Rapids MI "Few people have the reputation of Dann Spader-- with a life's passion for making disciples. Now in 4 Chair Discipling, Dann challenges us to walk more faithfully in Jesus' calling. Read and dwell on this helpful book." – Ed Stetzer President Lifeway Research Which chair are you in? Chair 1 Come and See John 1:39 Chair 2 Follow Me John 1:43 Chair 3 Become a Fisher of People Matthew 4:19 Chair 4 Go and Bear Fruit John 15:16
msmarco_doc_00_26099423
http://4chanfit.wikia.com/wiki/Estimating_and_Calculating_BodyFat_Percentage
Estimating and Calculating BodyFat Percentage | /fit/ Wiki | Fandom
Estimating and Calculating BodyFat Percentage Estimating and Calculating BodyFat Percentage
Estimating and Calculating BodyFat Percentage | /fit/ Wiki | Fandom Estimating and Calculating BodyFat Percentage Edit Edit source History Talk (0) Comments (0) Share Retrieved from " https://4chanfit.fandom.com/wiki/Estimating_and_Calculating_BodyFat_Percentage?oldid=175 " Categories: Add category Community content is available under CC-BY-SA unless otherwise noted. Add a comment about Estimating and Calculating BodyFat Percentage Fan Feed What Conditions Would It Take For A Quiet Place’s Creatures to Actually Exist? Fandom Latest Discussions View All No posts yet. Get the discussion started, create the first post now! 'The Guest' Writer on Plans for a Potential Sequel Fandom 12 Things to Do in 'World of Warcraft' That Aren’t War or Crafts Fandom The Real Life Supernatural Stories Behind ‘The Conjuring’ Series Fandom The Breeds and Classes of ‘BIOMUTANT’ Fandom M.O.D.O.K.: The Appeal of Marvel’s Most Offbeat Supervillain Fandom How ‘Snake Eyes’ Will Explore the Man Before the Mask Fandom Explore Wikis Universal Conquest Wiki Let's Go Luna! Wiki Food in Video Games: The Best and Worst Fandom Does ‘Spiral' Have the Sickest 'Saw' Trap Yet? Fandom Honest Game Trailers | The World Ends With You Fandom
msmarco_doc_00_26101328
http://4collegewomen.org/fact-sheets/mononucleosis.html
4collegewomen.org - mononucleosis Search 4collegewomen using Google: General Health and Prevention Tobacco, Alcohol and Substance Abuse Reproductive Health Emotional and Mental Health Diseases and Conditions Safety and Violence Related Issues Alternative and Complementary Medicine Minority Women's Health Women and Disabilities Health Career Opportunities Health Insurance Issues Helpful Resources Health Library Health Information In Different Languages Men's Health mononucleosis Introduction Who is At Risk? What Causes Mono? How is it Spread? What are the Symptoms? What are the Long-Term Effects? How is Mono Diagnosed? How is Mono Treated? How Long Will I be Sick? Will it Come Back? How Can I Prevent Mono? Resources Introduction The disease mononucleosis is most common in people 10 to 35 years old, with its peak incidence in those 15 to 17 years old. Only 50 people out of 100,000 in the general population get mono, but it strikes as many as 2 out of 1,000 teens and twenty-somethings, especially those in high school, college, and the military. While mono is not usually considered a serious illness, it may have serious complications and can sometimes be life-threatening. Without a doubt your lifestyle will change for several months. [1] [ To Top] Who is At Risk? While there are many illnesses that teens and young adults don't get, unfortunately, mono is most common among 15-35 year olds. The reason that not everyone comes down with mono during these years is that most of the population has already exposed to the virus that causes mono (usually the Epstein-Barr virus) before we reach the age of 18. Exposure at a young age usually is asymptomatic, meaning that no symptoms result, or instead may seem like a cold. This type of exposure usually makes us immune to re-infection later on in life. However if exposure has not occurred by the age of 18 then encountering EBV often results in mono. [ To Top] What Causes Mono? Two viruses can cause mono: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV). Both viruses are in the herpes family, whose other members include viruses responsible for cold sores and chickenpox. The EBV is responsible for approximately 85% of mono cases. Both of these viruses, like other Herpes viruses, have no cure and will stay in your body for life.[2][ To Top] How is it Spread? Many people think of mono as the "kissing disease", and with good reason. It is found in moist exhaled air, nasal and oral secretions like saliva and mucus, and is not as easy to transmit as many other viruses such as colds. It generally requires direct contact, like kissing, though it can be spread by other means as well, such as coughing. A person with mono is most contagious just before they feel sick and while they ARE sick because this is the time when the most viral particles are produced. Even after you have completely recovered, you can still spread the virus that causes mono. Every so often you can produce the virus in your saliva and spread it to another person, even if you feel fine. [ To Top] What are the Symptoms? Symptoms of mononucleosis generally resemble those of the flu and include fever, sore throat, and swollen lymph glands. Sometimes, a swollen spleen or liver involvement may develop. These symptoms usually last for more than two days and may appear slowly. Heart problems or involvement of the central nervous system occurs only rarely, and mono is almost never fatal. [3][ To Top] What are the Long-Term Effects? Mono can make a person feel miserable for a while, but when taken care of, the disease goes away within a couple of months. There are some instances when complications can arise. One such complication may include enlargement and rupture of the spleen. define This is a serious concern because it can lead to death. Some of the signs and symptoms of this complication include pain in your upper left abdomen, difficulty breathing, lightheadedness, excessive bleeding, and feeling like your heart is beating harder and faster than normal. A very common complication is dehydration. A sore throat can make you hesitant to drink enough fluids so that you become dehydrated. There are also several other rare complications that include: Complication What it is Thrombocytopenia a low number of platelets define in the blood Granulocytosis a low number of white blood cells in the blood Hemolytic anemia a low number of red blood cells in the blood Myocarditis inflammation of the heart muscle Encephalitis or aseptic meningitis inflammation of the brain and membranes around it Guillain-Barre syndrome paralyzing disorder ** The illness Chronic Fatigue Syndromehas not been shown to be related to the viruses that cause mono. For more information on this disease visit: http://www.niaid.nih.gov/factsheets/cfs.htm [ To Top] How is Mono Diagnosed? The clinical diagnosis of mononucleosis is suggested on the basis of the symptoms of fever, sore throat, swollen lymph glands, and the age of the patient. Usually, laboratory tests are needed for confirmation. Blood test results for people with mono include a high white blood cell count, an increased percentage of certain atypical white blood cells, and a positive reaction to a "mono spot" test.[4] This test is designed to look to see if your blood plateletcount is too low and if your white blood cells are abnormal. A blood chemistry panel can be done to see if the enzymes in your liver are abnormal, which can be a sign that you have mono. Mono tests may not show positive results until you have been sick for a few days. This is because it may take about five days or so for your body to produce enough antibodies to show up on the test. If your mono test is negative and you are still feeling sick after a couple of days, you may want to consider a follow-up visit with your doctor. It is sometimes necessary to be tested more than once; after a week or two of being sick the tests are approximately 85% accurate. [ To Top] How is Mono Treated? There is no specific treatment for mononucleosis, other than treating the symptoms. No antiviral drugs or vaccines are available. Some physicians have prescribed a 5-day course of steroids to control the swelling of the throat and tonsils. The use of steroids has also been reported to decrease the overall length and severity of illness, but these reports have not been published. Therefore, the best course of action is to rest and let you body fight the virus. You can feel more comfortable when you are sick by taking some over-the-counter medications to alleviate symptoms. Acetaminophen for fever (no aspirin) Ibuprofen for pain (consult your doctor if you want to take aspirin) Rest (plan to take lots of naps) Drink more fluids (at least 2 quarts a day) Throat lozenges, salt water gargle, and ice cream for your sore throat No vigorous exercise, contact sports, or heavy lifting Antibiotics if strep throat or another bacterial infection is present (this is determined by your doctor) Good nutrition and NO alcohol It can take anywhere from one week to three months to fully recover, so take care of your body and continue to rest until your doctor says it's ok to get back to your normal routine. [ To Top] How Long Will I be Sick? There are generally four stages of mono. The first is the incubation period (you've been exposed to the virus, but you feel normal) that can last as long as 2-6 weeks. The prodromal period is next (the time just before you get sick, but you feel like you're "coming down with something") and lasts from 3-5 days. Generally symptoms at this point include fatigue, lack of appetite, and an overall "blah" feeling. The third stage is called the acute stage (you ARE sick), which usually lasts from 7-20 days. Now you have the symptoms of mono like sore throat, fever, swollen glands, etc. The final stage, the convalescent period, can last from 2-6 weeks to up to 3 months. During this time you'll feel much better, but are still weak and tired. [ To Top] Will it Come Back? Most people get mono only once during their lifetime and then become immune to it. However, it is possible to get it more than once, just not very likely. [ To Top] How Can I Prevent Mono? Mono is a difficult disease to prevent. It can take up to two months to develop symptoms and you can be contagious for as long as a year afterward and at different points in your lifetime. By the time you realize that you have mono, it's usually too late to find out where you got it from and prevent other people from getting it too. The best way to protect yourself is to get plenty of rest and keep yourself healthy (no all-nighters, or at least not too many in a row). Try to maintain a healthy, nutritious diet, practice good personal hygiene, and don't share plates and silverware. [ To Top] Resources [1]http://www.fda.gov/fdac/features/1998/398_mono.html [2]http://www.fda.gov/fdac/features/1998/398_mono.html [3]http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/ebv.htm [4]http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/ebv.htm [ To Top] This website is an information resource center and does not provide medical advice. Information from 4collegewomen.org website should not be a substitute for medical advice from a health care professional. Complication What it is Thrombocytopenia a low number of platelets define in the blood Granulocytosis a low number of white blood cells in the blood Hemolytic anemia a low number of red blood cells in the blood Myocarditis inflammation of the heart muscle Encephalitis or aseptic meningitis inflammation of the brain and membranes around it Guillain-Barre syndrome paralyzing disorder Myocarditis inflammation of the heart muscle Encephalitis or aseptic meningitis inflammation of the brain and membranes around it Guillain-Barre syndrome paralyzing disorder
msmarco_doc_00_26102949
http://4collegewomen.org/fact-sheets/ovariancysts.html
4collegewomen.org - Ovarion Cysts Search 4collegewomen using Google: General Health and Prevention Tobacco, Alcohol and Substance Abuse Reproductive Health Emotional and Mental Health Diseases and Conditions Safety and Violence Related Issues Alternative and Complementary Medicine Minority Women's Health Women and Disabilities Health Career Opportunities Health Insurance Issues Helpful Resources Health Library Health Information In Different Languages Men's Health Ovarion Cysts What are Ovarian Cysts? What are the Symptoms of Ovarian Cysts? When are Women Most Likely to Have Ovarian Cysts? How are Ovarian Cysts Diagnosed and Treated? What Questions Should a Woman With an Ovarian Cyst Ask her Doctor? Myths and Facts about Ovarian Cysts References What are Ovarian Cysts? The ovaries produce the eggs in the female reproductive system. Eggs grow, develop, and mature in the ovaries and then are released during ovulation, part of the monthly menstrual cycle that occurs during the childbearing years. Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that form on the ovaries when the follicles (sacs) on the ovary that contain the egg mature, but do not release the egg into the fallopian tube where it would be fertilized. A woman can develop one cyst or many cysts. Ovarian cysts can vary in size-from as small as a pea to as big as a grapefruit. Most cysts are small and do not cause symptoms. Some cysts might cause a dull ache in the abdomen because they are twisted, bleeding, or have burst; others might cause pain during sexual intercourse. Most cysts are benign (not cancerous). A few cysts, though, may turn out to be malignant (cancerous). For this reason, your doctor should check all cysts. If ovarian cysts are found early, many of the problems they cause can be treated. There are different types of ovarian cysts: Functional cysts- These cysts are completely normal and form during ovulation. The follicles (sacs) on the ovary that contain the egg often do not mature, and become cysts. These cysts usually disappear during menstruation, before another menstrual cycle begins. If not, they will shrink in about one to three months. Your doctor may want to check in a few months to make sure the cyst has gotten smaller. Only women who are ovulating form functional cysts. If a woman is in menopausedefine or past menopause and not having periods, she should not have functional cysts. Endometriomas- These cysts develop in women who have endometriosis, a condition in which tissue from the lining of the uterus (endometrium) grows in other areas, such as on the fallopian tubes, the ovaries, and on other organs outside of the uterus in the stomach abdomen. View is #nullThese may be filled with a thick, brown blood and so also are called "chocolate cysts." Because uterine tissue is sensitive to hormones, even when it's located outside the uterus, the tissue will bleed monthly, which may cause the formation of a growing cyst on the ovary. These cysts can be painful during sexual intercourse and during menstruation. Benign cystic tumors(cystadenomas) - These tumors are non-cancerous and are often filled with a fatty liquid. They develop from cells on the outer surface of the ovary. Some of these tumors, called dermoid cysts, are lined with structures such as hair, or pieces of bone. They are often small and may not cause symptoms. They can, however, become large and uncomfortable. Multiple Cysts- Women who do not ovulate regularly can develop multiple cysts. This is a disorder in which the ovaries are enlarged and contain many small cysts. This can be caused by a condition called polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Symptoms of PCOS include irregular menstrual periods, infertility, and increased body hair. [1][ To Top] What are the Symptoms of Ovarian Cysts? Many women may have functional cysts or benign cystic tumors without having any symptoms. Sometimes, though, a cyst will swell large enough to cause pressure or pain in the abdomen. The cysts also may put pressure on the urinary tract and cause problems with urine flow. Some women may have pain during sexual intercourse. Although it is rare, it is possible for a very large cyst to become twisted, stopping its own supply of blood. This can cause nausea, fever, and severe abdominal pain. In women with endometriosis, ovarian cysts can cause the commonly felt symptoms of pelvic pain, painful menstrual periods, abnormal bleeding and painful sexual intercourse. [ To Top] When are Women Most Likely to Have Ovarian Cysts? Ovarian cysts are very common during the childbearing years so that means as college women many of us will have them. Most often, cysts in women of this age group are not cancerous. Women who are past menopause (ages 50-70), however, and have ovarian cysts, have a higher risk of having ovarian cancer. If you are over 50 and have an ovarian cyst, your doctor will probably want to do surgery to remove it. However, if you think you might have a cyst, at any age, you should tell your health care provider. [ To Top] How are Ovarian Cysts Diagnosed and Treated? Ovarian cysts usually are found during routine pelvic examinations. During this examination, your doctor is able to feel the swelling of the cyst on your ovary. Once a cyst is found, the doctor may perform an ultrasound, or a screening to see if the cyst is hollow or solid, determine its size and exact location, and see if it contains fluid or abnormal structures that help show its type. The doctor may decide to "wait and see" if the cyst will shrink on its own in a few months. If you frequently develop cysts, your doctor may prescribe birth control pillslink to contraception page to section on these to prevent you from ovulating. This will prevent follicles from developing and new cysts from forming. Your doctor might talk with you about birth control pills, and if they are right for you. If the cyst does not go away after several menstrual periods, if it has gotten larger or more painful, or it does not appear to be a functional cyst, your doctor may want to perform other tests or procedures to look at and remove the cyst. To detect your risk for ovarian cancer, your doctor may want to do a blood test to measure a substance in the blood called CA-125. The amount of this protein is increased in the blood of women with ovarian cancer. However, some ovarian cancers do not produce enough CA-125 to be detected by the test, and there are other non-cancerous diseases that also increase the levels of CA-125. For these reasons, the CA-125 test is recommended mostly for women who are at high risk for the disease. If the cyst is small and looks benign on the ultrasound, your doctor may perform a laparoscopy. This procedure is done under general anesthesia on an outpatient basis and allows the doctor to closely examine all of your reproductive organs. A very small incision is made above or below the navel, and a small instrument called a laparoscope that acts like a telescope is inserted into the abdomen. If the cyst is small and looks benign, it can be removed after the doctor makes very small incisions in the pubic hairline. If the cyst is too large to remove this way, the doctor may perform a procedure called a laparotomy. This procedure involves making bigger incisions in the stomach to remove the cyst. While you are under general anesthesia, the doctor is able to have the cyst tested to find out if the tissue is cancerous. If it is cancerous, the doctor will then be able to remove other tissue that could be affected, like the ovary, fallopian tubes, uterus, or lymph nodes. Before any surgery, your doctor will talk to you about what will happen during the surgery, the risks, and how long it will take you to recover. It is important to remember that most cysts are not cancerous and are relatively harmless if treated properly. [ To Top] What Questions Should a Woman With an Ovarian Cyst Ask her Doctor? [2] If you have an ovarian cyst, you may want to ask: How big is the cyst and where is it located? Do I need to have it removed immediately, or can we "watch and wait" for one to two months? How much of my ovary might be removed along with the cyst, and how would this affect my fertility? What did the pathologist's report say about the cyst? What are the chances that the cyst will recur, or that another cyst will form? [ To Top] Myths and Facts about Ovarian Cysts All Ovarian Cysts are malignant This is a myth. In fact, most Ovarian Cysts are benign (non-cancerous). Since functional cysts are common during menstruation, they often appear and disappear quickly without causing harm. Ovarian Cysts can affect women of any age group Fact. Although they occur most often during a woman's child-bearing years (puberty to menopause), they may occur at any time. In fact, women during menopause are more prone to ovarian cancer. Ovarian Cysts can grow as large as the size of an egg and may contain follicles and cartilage. Fact. These types of cysts are called dermoids and come from undeveloped tissue forming into, usually, a non-cancerous growth over a period of time. Some complicated forms of Ovarian Cysts require surgical removal and some may go away on their own Fact. Since some cysts are f unctional and thus present during the menstrual cycle, they are usually harmless and disintegrate on their own. However, cysts that are non-functional and may affect the ovary with their size and/or location need to be removed. Biopsy is recommended for ALL women diagnosed with an Ovarian Cyst. Myth. Since some cysts are functional and are directly linked with the menstrual cycle, they mostly dissolve on their own. However, a biopsy may be advised when a cyst persists or causes symptoms so that your doctor can determine whether the growth is cancerous or non-cancerous. There is no known way to prevent functional Ovarian Cysts. Fact. They are part of a natural biological process and are often present during ovulation. Therefore, there is no method of preventing cyst formation. However, birth control pills may help women who are constantly forming cysts and experiencing heavy menstrual cycles. Birth control pills stabilize your period and help minimize cyst formation in many women. [ To Top] References [1]http://www.4woman.gov/faq/ovarian_cysts.htm [2]http://www.4woman.gov/faq/ovarian_cysts.htm [ To Top] This website is an information resource center and does not provide medical advice. Information from 4collegewomen.org website should not be a substitute for medical advice from a health care professional.
msmarco_doc_00_26114280
http://4cornerswelding.com/
Welding, Metal Fabrication Bozeman - Handrails - Four Corners
4 Corners Welding, Metal Fabrication Bozeman We are your premier full-service welding, metal fabrication and welding repair shop in Gallatin County, located in Four Corners of Bozeman, Montana. We provide quality work for any residential, commercial, industrial, or personal welding projects. Our AWS certified staff offers over 50 years of combined welding experience, making our service second to none in Bozeman, Belgrade and surrounding areas. We provide top of the line welding and fabrication repairs to fix any problem you might run up against. Problem solving is one of our strong points, fixing issues on the job site, mending flawed joints, repairing metal damage, is all within our scope of ability. Our top of the line shop is equipped with all the tools imaginable, enabling our staff to repair any welding problems, along with the ability for full metal fabrication. Our experience allows us to offer a diverse array of repairs to steel, aluminum and cast iron along with performing steel fabrications, TIG, MIG, and STICK welding, to ensure that all your welding problems will go away with one stop out at 4 Corners Welding. Our custom welding work enables you to let your imagination run free. We have built everything from handrails to stoves to doors to tables to ornaments. In addition, our staff is specialized in large projects from structural steel or architectural work to custom hand rails or custom flat beds and trailers. All you need is an idea, and we can build it, No job is too big or too small for our welding and metal fabrication skills. At 4 Corners Welding, we pay special attention to detail along with the current building and industry codes and standards, to make sure that you are receiving the highest quality welding and fabrication work on all of your projects. We strive to make your projects flow as smoothly as possible by offering free, thorough, cost and time estimates. When you choose to work with 4 Corners Welding, you are choosing the highest quality of detail, experience, work, and personal relations in the Gallatin County. For more information on how our welding, repair, and fabrication skills can serve you, contact us today. Weekly Wisdom “If you have a dream, don’t just sit there. Gather courage to believe that you can succeed and leave no stone unturned to make it a reality.” -Roopleen
Welding, Metal Fabrication Bozeman - Handrails - Four Corners HOME SERVICES ABOUT US PHOTOS CONTACT US 4 Corners Welding, Metal Fabrication Bozeman We are your premier full-service welding, metal fabrication and welding repair shop in Gallatin County, located in Four Corners of Bozeman, Montana. We provide quality work for any residential, commercial, industrial, or personal welding projects. Our AWS certified staff offers over 50 years of combined welding experience, making our service second to none in Bozeman, Belgrade and surrounding areas. We provide top of the line welding and fabrication repairs to fix any problem you might run up against. Problem solving is one of our strong points, fixing issues on the job site, mending flawed joints, repairing metal damage, is all within our scope of ability. Our top of the line shop is equipped with all the tools imaginable, enabling our staff to repair any welding problems, along with the ability for full metal fabrication. Our experience allows us to offer a diverse array of repairs to steel, aluminum and cast iron along with performing steel fabrications, TIG, MIG, and STICK welding, to ensure that all your welding problems will go away with one stop out at 4 Corners Welding. Our custom welding work enables you to let your imagination run free. We have built everything from handrails to stoves to doors to tables to ornaments. In addition, our staff is specialized in large projects from structural steel or architectural work to custom hand rails or custom flat beds and trailers. All you need is an idea, and we can build it, No job is too big or too small for our welding and metal fabrication skills. At 4 Corners Welding, we pay special attention to detail along with the current building and industry codes and standards, to make sure that you are receiving the highest quality welding and fabrication work on all of your projects. We strive to make your projects flow as smoothly as possible by offering free, thorough, cost and time estimates. When you choose to work with 4 Corners Welding, you are choosing the highest quality of detail, experience, work, and personal relations in the Gallatin County. For more information on how our welding, repair, and fabrication skills can serve you, contact us today. Weekly Wisdom “If you have a dream, don’t just sit there. Gather courage to believe that you can succeed and leave no stone unturned to make it a reality.” -Roopleen Comments Box SVG icons Used for the like, share, comment, and reaction icons This message is only visible to admins: Problem displaying Facebook posts. Error: Error validating access token: The user has not authorized application 1332798716823516. Type: OAuthException Code: 190 Subcode: 458
msmarco_doc_00_26126136
http://4cs.gia.edu/EN-US/diamond-carat-weight.htm
Learn What Carat Means and What Diamond Carat Measures | 4Cs of Diamond Quality by GIA
DIAMOND CARAT WEIGHT DIAMOND CARAT WEIGHT Diamond Carat Weight Measures a Diamond’s Apparent Size How did the carat system start? What are “magic sizes”? An unanticipated problem was encountered, check back soon and try again
Learn What Carat Means and What Diamond Carat Measures | 4Cs of Diamond Quality by GIA DIAMOND CARAT WEIGHT Diamond Carat Weight Measures a Diamond’s Apparent Size To put it simply, diamond carat weight measures how much a diamond weighs. A metric “carat” is defined as 200 milligrams. Each carat is subdivided into 100 ‘points.’ This allows very precise measurements to the hundredth decimal place. A jeweler may describe the weight of a diamond below one carat by its ‘points’ alone. For instance, the jeweler may refer to a diamond that weighs 0.25 carats as a ‘twenty-five pointer.’ Diamond weights greater than one carat are expressed in carats and decimals. A 1.08 carat stone would be described as ‘one point oh eight carats.’ All else being equal, diamond price increases with diamond carat weight because larger diamonds are rarer and more desirable. However, two diamonds of equal carat weight can have very different values (and prices) depending on three other factors of the diamond 4Cs: Color, Clarity, and Cut. While now you know what carat means, it’s also important to remember that a diamond’s value is determined using all of the 4Cs, and not just carat weight. This short video explains carat weight and shows how diamonds are weighed in GIA’s lab on an extremely precise electronic scale. How did the carat system start? In order to understand what a diamond carat measures, it would help to know the origins of the modern carat system. Carat weight started with the carob seed, when early gem traders used the small, uniform seeds as counterweights in their balance scales. Today, the carat is the same milligram weight in every corner of the world. What are “magic sizes”? Some weights are considered “magic sizes” – half carat, three-quarter carat, and carat. Visually, there’s little difference between a 0.99 carat diamond and one that weighs a full carat. But the price differences between the two can be significant. HOW TO CHOOSE A DIAMOND Learn about the 4Cs and how to choose a diamond. Play Video Play Mute 0:00 / 0:00 Loaded: 0% Progress: 0% Stream Type LIVE 0:00 Playback Rate 1x Chapters Chapters Descriptions descriptions off, selected Captions captions settings, opens captions settings dialog captions off, selected English Captions 日本語 Captions 簡体中文 Captions Audio Track Fullscreen This is a modal window. An unanticipated problem was encountered, check back soon and try again Error Code: MEDIA_ERR_UNKNOWN Session ID: 2021-05-15:826ae57e6921c378f2174e31 Player Element ID: enLocale Close Modal Dialog Beginning of dialog window. Escape will cancel and close the window. Text Color White Black Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Background Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Transparent Window Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Transparent Semi-Transparent Opaque Font Size 50% 75% 100% 125% 150% 175% 200% 300% 400% Text Edge Style None Raised Depressed Uniform Dropshadow Font Family Proportional Sans-Serif Monospace Sans-Serif Proportional Serif Monospace Serif Casual Script Small Caps Reset restore all settings to the default values Done Close Modal Dialog End of dialog window. Close Modal Dialog This is a modal window. This modal can be closed by pressing the Escape key or activating the close button. RELATED TOPICS DIAMOND COLOR WHAT IS DIAMOND CLARITY? DIAMOND CUT HOW TO BUY A DIAMOND DIAMOND ORIGIN GIA 4Cs APP Learn more about buying a diamond with the GIA 4Cs app.
msmarco_doc_00_26131465
http://4cs.gia.edu/EN-US/diamond-clarity.htm
What is Diamond Clarity | The 4Cs of Diamond Quality by GIA
WHAT IS DIAMOND CLARITY? WHAT IS DIAMOND CLARITY? Diamond Clarity Refers to the Absence of Inclusions and Blemishes How did the GIA Clarity Scale come to be? What causes inclusions?
What is Diamond Clarity | The 4Cs of Diamond Quality by GIA WHAT IS DIAMOND CLARITY? Diamond Clarity Refers to the Absence of Inclusions and Blemishes To understand diamond clarity, we must first understand how diamonds are created. Natural diamonds are the result of carbon exposed to tremendous heat and pressure deep in the earth. This process can result in a variety of internal characteristics called ‘inclusions’ and external characteristics called ‘blemishes.’ Evaluating diamond clarity involves determining the number, size, relief, nature, and position of these characteristics, as well as how these affect the overall appearance of the stone. If you are trying to determine what is the best clarity for a diamond, remember that no diamond is perfectly pure. But the closer it comes to purity, the better its clarity. The GIA Diamond Clarity Scale has 6 categories, some of which are divided, for a total of 11 specific grades. Flawless (FL) No inclusions and no blemishes visible under 10x magnification Internally Flawless (IF) No inclusions visible under 10x magnification Very, Very Slightly Included (VVS1 and VVS2) Inclusions so slight they are difficult for a skilled grader to see under 10x magnification Very Slightly Included (VS1 and VS2) Inclusions are observed with effort under 10x magnification, but can be characterized as minor Slightly Included (SI1 and SI2) Inclusions are noticeable under 10x magnification Included (I1, I2, and I3) Inclusions are obvious under 10x magnification which may affect transparency and brilliance This short video explains the GIA clarity scale and how GIA classifies diamonds with a clarity grade ranging from Flawless to I 3 by using a 10X magnification loupe and a microscope to see and plot the diamond’s inclusions. Many inclusions and blemishes are too tiny to be seen by anyone other than a trained diamond grader. To the naked eye, a VS1 and an SI2 diamond may look exactly the same, but these diamonds are quite different in terms of overall quality. This is why expert and accurate assessment of diamond clarity is extremely important. Knowing what diamond clarity truly means helps you understand the factors that contribute to diamond quality and price. How did the GIA Clarity Scale come to be? Like the color scale, GIA’s clarity grading system developed because jewelers were using terms that could be misinterpreted, “loupe clean” or “piqué.” Today, even if you buy a diamond somewhere else in the world, the jeweler will most likely use terms like VVS1 or SI2 to indicate the clarity of a diamond, even if his or her language is French or Japanese instead of English. What causes inclusions? Small crystals can become trapped in a diamond when it’s forming. Sometimes as a crystal grows, it can develop irregularities in its atomic structure. The size, position and visibility of inclusions can have a significant impact on diamond clarity.
msmarco_doc_00_26135687
http://4cs.gia.edu/EN-US/diamond-color.htm
Learn What Diamond Color Is and What it Means | GIA 4Cs of Diamond Quality
DIAMOND COLOR DIAMOND COLOR Diamond Color Actually Means Lack of Color Why does the GIA color grading system start at D? Are diamonds graded as Z s considered fancy-color? An unanticipated problem was encountered, check back soon and try again
Learn What Diamond Color Is and What it Means | GIA 4Cs of Diamond Quality DIAMOND COLOR Diamond Color Actually Means Lack of Color Understanding what diamond color means helps in choosing the right diamond. Interestingly, the diamond color evaluation of most gem-quality diamonds is based on the absence of color. A chemically pure and structurally perfect diamond has no hue, like a drop of pure water, and consequently, a higher value. GIA’s D-to-Z diamond color-grading system measures the degree of colorlessness by comparing a stone under controlled lighting and precise viewing conditions to masterstones of established color value. Many of these diamond color distinctions are so subtle that they are invisible to the untrained eye; however, these distinctions make a very big difference in diamond quality and price. Hence, it is important to get a GIA expert’s opinion in evaluating the best color for your diamond. This short video explains the GIA color scale and how GIA classifies a diamond with a letter grade from D-to-Z by comparing it to masterstones representing the color grades on the GIA scale. Why does the GIA color grading system start at D? Before GIA universalized the D-to-Z Color Grading Scale, there was no clear standard to define what diamond color is. A variety of other systems were used loosely, from A, B, and C (used without clear definition), to Arabic (0, 1, 2, 3) and Roman (I, II, III) numbers, to descriptive terms like “gem blue” or “blue white,” which are notorious for misinterpretation. So, the creators of the GIA Color Scale wanted to start fresh, without any association with earlier systems. Thus the GIA scale starts at the letter D. Very few people still cling to other grading systems, and no other system has the clarity and universal acceptance of the GIA scale. Are diamonds graded as Z s considered fancy-color? No. Naturally colored diamonds outside the normal color range are called fancy-color diamonds. The FTC provides no guidelines for the use of the term “fancy-color” in the US, but there is general agreement in the international trade about what diamond color range is customary for fancy-color diamonds. These are either yellow or brown diamonds that have more color than a Z master stone or they exhibit a color other than yellow or brown. HOW TO CHOOSE A DIAMOND Learn about the 4Cs and how to choose a diamond. Play Video Play Mute 0:00 / 0:00 Loaded: 0% Progress: 0% Stream Type LIVE 0:00 Playback Rate 1x Chapters Chapters Descriptions descriptions off, selected Captions captions settings, opens captions settings dialog captions off, selected English Captions 日本語 Captions 簡体中文 Captions Audio Track Fullscreen This is a modal window. An unanticipated problem was encountered, check back soon and try again Error Code: MEDIA_ERR_UNKNOWN Session ID: 2021-05-09:95a45bab211b2908d72b30c6 Player Element ID: enLocale Close Modal Dialog Beginning of dialog window. Escape will cancel and close the window. Text Color White Black Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Background Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Transparent Window Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Transparent Semi-Transparent Opaque Font Size 50% 75% 100% 125% 150% 175% 200% 300% 400% Text Edge Style None Raised Depressed Uniform Dropshadow Font Family Proportional Sans-Serif Monospace Sans-Serif Proportional Serif Monospace Serif Casual Script Small Caps Reset restore all settings to the default values Done Close Modal Dialog End of dialog window. Close Modal Dialog This is a modal window. This modal can be closed by pressing the Escape key or activating the close button. GIA RETAILER LOOKUP Find a retailer that offers GIA-graded diamonds. GIA 4Cs APP Learn more about buying a diamond with the GIA 4Cs app.
msmarco_doc_00_26139059
http://4cs.gia.edu/EN-US/diamond-cut.htm
Learn What Diamond Cut Actually Means and All About Diamond Cut Grades| 4Cs of Diamond Quality
DIAMOND CUT DIAMOND CUT Understanding Diamond Cut How does pavilion depth affect a diamond’s cut? An unanticipated problem was encountered, check back soon and try again
Learn What Diamond Cut Actually Means and All About Diamond Cut Grades| 4Cs of Diamond Quality DIAMOND CUT Understanding Diamond Cut Diamonds are renowned for their ability to transmit light and sparkle so intensely. We often think of a diamond’s cut as shape (round, heart, oval, marquise, pear), but what diamond cut actually does mean how well a diamond’s facets interact with light. Precise artistry and workmanship are required to fashion a stone so its proportions, symmetry and polish deliver the magnificent return of light only possible in a diamond. Achieving the best cut for a diamond reflects in the stone’s final beauty and value. And of all the diamond 4Cs, it is the most complex and technically difficult to analyze. To determine the cut grade of the standard round brilliant diamond – the shape that dominates the majority of diamond jewelry – GIA calculates the proportions of those facets that influence the diamond’s face-up appearance. These proportions allow GIA to evaluate what the best cut for a diamond is, by studying how successfully a diamond interacts with light to create desirable visual effects, such as: Brightness: Internal and external white light reflected from a diamond Fire: The scattering of white light into all the colors of the rainbow Scintillation: The amount of sparkle a diamond produces, and the pattern of light and dark areas caused by reflections within the diamond This short video explains the GIA cut scale and how GIA classifies round brilliant cut diamonds with a cut grade ranging from Excellent to Poor by factoring in a range of parameters including the diamond’s proportions, culet size, girdle thickness, polish and symmetry descriptions. GIA’s diamond cut grade also takes into account the design and craftsmanship of the diamond, including its weight relative to its diameter, its girdle thickness (which affects its durability), the symmetry of its facet arrangement, and the quality of polish on those facets. The GIA Diamond Cut Scale for standard round brilliant diamonds in the D-to-Z diamond color range contains 5 grades ranging from Excellent to Poor and is the definitive scale for classifying diamond cuts. How does pavilion depth affect a diamond’s cut? The distance from the bottom of the girdle to the culet is the pavilion depth. A pavilion depth that’s too shallow or too deep will allow light to escape from the side of the stone or leak out of the bottom. A well-cut diamond will direct more light through the crown. HOW TO CHOOSE A DIAMOND Learn about the 4Cs and how to choose a diamond. Play Video Play Mute 0:00 / 0:00 Loaded: 0% Progress: 0% Stream Type LIVE 0:00 Playback Rate 1x Chapters Chapters Descriptions descriptions off, selected Captions captions settings, opens captions settings dialog captions off, selected English Captions 日本語 Captions 簡体中文 Captions Audio Track Fullscreen This is a modal window. An unanticipated problem was encountered, check back soon and try again Error Code: MEDIA_ERR_UNKNOWN Session ID: 2021-05-10:a41a63b9e7371f12e50e654b Player Element ID: enLocale Close Modal Dialog Beginning of dialog window. Escape will cancel and close the window. Text Color White Black Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Background Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Transparent Window Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Transparent Semi-Transparent Opaque Font Size 50% 75% 100% 125% 150% 175% 200% 300% 400% Text Edge Style None Raised Depressed Uniform Dropshadow Font Family Proportional Sans-Serif Monospace Sans-Serif Proportional Serif Monospace Serif Casual Script Small Caps Reset restore all settings to the default values Done Close Modal Dialog End of dialog window. Close Modal Dialog This is a modal window. This modal can be closed by pressing the Escape key or activating the close button. RELATED TOPICS DIAMOND COLOR WHAT IS DIAMOND CLARITY? DIAMOND CARAT WEIGHT HOW TO BUY A DIAMOND DIAMOND ORIGIN GIA 4Cs APP Learn more about buying a diamond with the GIA 4Cs app.
msmarco_doc_00_26143530
http://4cs.gia.edu/en-us/
GIA 4Cs - Diamond 4Cs and Gemstone Information skip to main content English簡体中文日本語 Please ensure Javascript is enabled for purposes of website accessibility 4Cs EDUCATION 4CsOF DIAMOND QUALITY DIAMOND COLOR WHAT IS DIAMOND CLARITY? DIAMOND CUT DIAMOND CARAT WEIGHT DIAMOND BUYING GUIDE HOW TO BUY A DIAMOND SELECTING AN ENGAGEMENT RING CARING FOR YOUR DIAMOND INSURANCE AND APPRAISAL WHERE DIAMONDS COME FROM DIAMOND FLUORESCENCE DIAMOND TREATMENTS DIAMOND SIMULANTS LABORATORY-GROWN DIAMONDS GIA GRADING & REPORTS GIA GRADING WHY ASK FOR A GRADING REPORT? HOW TO GET A GIA DIAMOND GRADING REPORT GRADING THE 4Cs DIAMOND GRADING REPORTS DIAMOND ORIGIN REPORT COLORED DIAMOND REPORTS LGDR by GIA — Laboratory-Grown Diamond Reports COLORED GEMSTONE AND PEARL REPORTS ABOUT GIA 4Cs BLOG 4CsOF DIAMOND QUALITY DIAMOND COLOR WHAT IS DIAMOND CLARITY? DIAMOND CUT DIAMOND CARAT WEIGHT Diamond Origin Report Service HOW TO BUY A DIAMOND DIAMOND GRADING REPORTS SELECTING AN ENGAGEMENT RING CARING FOR YOUR DIAMOND Latest Stories Diamond History Where are Diamonds Found? Spotlight on Botswana Diamonds September 21, 2020 Botswana is currently the world’s second largest producer of diamonds. Some of the world’s largest diamonds have been found here. … Diamond Buying Guides How to Buy a Quality Diamond July 07, 2020 Buying a quality diamond begins with 3Cs—not 4. Surprising? Cut, clarity and color all determine diamond quality, but carat doesn’t. … Jewelry The Origin of Wedding Rings: Ancient Tradition or Marketing Invention? May 08, 2020 The origin of wedding rings is a fascinating one. The tradition of exchanging rings dates back 3,000 years, while the … Diamond Buying Guides Triple X Diamonds March 16, 2020 Triple X diamond is a trade term referring to stones that have Excellent cut, polish and symmetry on their GIA … More on Diamonds Where are Diamonds Found? Spotlight on South African Diamonds February 11, 2020 South African diamonds gave birth to the modern diamond industry. Two teenagers — Erasmus Jacobs and Cecil Rhodes — helped … Load More GIA REPORT CHECK Use your GIA report number to look up your report results. HOW TO CHOOSE A DIAMOND Learn about the 4Cs and how to choose a diamond. ABOUT GIA The World’s Foremost Authority in Gemology™ Established in 1931, GIA protects the public through gemological research, education, impartial gem identification and grading services, and instrument development. RELATED RESOURCES Retailer Lookup GIA Report Check GIA Gem Encyclopedia GIA Laboratory Services GIA Education Are you a retailer? GIA.edu GENERAL INFORMATION Terms of Use Copyrights and Trademarks Privacy Policy Contact Us English 簡体中文 日本語 Use of this site signifies your agreement to its terms of use. © 2002 - Gemological Institute of America inc. GIA is a nonprofit 501(c)(3) organization. All rights reserved.
msmarco_doc_00_26148198
http://4cs.gia.edu/en-us/4cs-diamond-quality/
4Cs of Diamond Quality by GIA | Learn about Diamond Buying | What are the Diamond 4Cs
4C s OF DIAMOND QUALITY 4C s OF DIAMOND QUALITY An unanticipated problem was encountered, check back soon and try again
4Cs of Diamond Quality by GIA | Learn about Diamond Buying | What are the Diamond 4Cs 4C s OF DIAMOND QUALITY Beautiful. Rare. Cherished. Each diamond is unique and is a miracle of time, place and change. And each has specific qualities that establish its value. Until the middle of the twentieth century, there was no agreed-upon standard by which diamonds could be judged. GIA created the first, and now globally accepted standard for describing diamonds: Color, Clarity, Cut and Carat Weight. Today, the 4Cs of Diamond Quality is the universal method for assessing the quality of any diamond, anywhere in the world. The creation of the Diamond 4Cs meant two very important things: diamond quality could be communicated in a universal language, and diamond customers could now know exactly what they were about to purchase. As creator of the Diamond 4Cs and the International Diamond Grading System™, GIA is not only a global authority, but the world’s trusted source for unbiased assessment. HOW TO CHOOSE A DIAMOND Learn about the 4Cs and how to choose a diamond. Play Video Play Mute 0:00 / 0:00 Loaded: 0% Progress: 0% Stream Type LIVE 0:00 Playback Rate 1x Chapters Chapters Descriptions descriptions off, selected Captions captions settings, opens captions settings dialog captions off, selected English Captions 日本語 Captions 簡体中文 Captions Audio Track Fullscreen This is a modal window. An unanticipated problem was encountered, check back soon and try again Error Code: MEDIA_ERR_UNKNOWN Session ID: 2021-05-04:e1fb780c1e800adf875306e Player Element ID: enLocale Close Modal Dialog Beginning of dialog window. Escape will cancel and close the window. Text Color White Black Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Background Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Transparent Window Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Transparent Semi-Transparent Opaque Font Size 50% 75% 100% 125% 150% 175% 200% 300% 400% Text Edge Style None Raised Depressed Uniform Dropshadow Font Family Proportional Sans-Serif Monospace Sans-Serif Proportional Serif Monospace Serif Casual Script Small Caps Reset restore all settings to the default values Done Close Modal Dialog End of dialog window. Close Modal Dialog This is a modal window. This modal can be closed by pressing the Escape key or activating the close button. RELATED TOPICS DIAMOND COLOR WHAT IS DIAMOND CLARITY? DIAMOND CUT DIAMOND CARAT WEIGHT DIAMOND ORIGIN GIA RETAILER LOOKUP Find a retailer that offers GIA-graded diamonds. GIA 4Cs APP Learn more about buying a diamond with the GIA 4Cs app.
msmarco_doc_00_26151386
http://4cs.gia.edu/en-us/blog/diamond-fluorescence-good-bad/
Is Diamond Fluorescence Good or Bad?
Is Diamond Fluorescence Good or Bad? Is Diamond Fluorescence Good or Bad? 1. What is diamond fluorescence? 2. Do all diamonds fluoresce? 3. Is there a diamond fluorescence grade? 4. Will diamond fluorescence make a yellow diamond look whiter? 5. Can an average person tell the difference between diamonds that do and don’t fluoresce? 6. Is diamond fluorescence good or bad?
Is Diamond Fluorescence Good or Bad? More on Diamonds Is Diamond Fluorescence Good or Bad? May 10, 2016 What is diamond fluorescence? Is it good or bad? Should you buy (or not buy) a diamond because of it? These and other similar questions are often raised as diamond shoppers seek answers in making an informed buying decision. In this post, we answer the most frequent questions about diamond fluorescence to help you choose your perfect diamond. 1. What is diamond fluorescence? Fluorescence is the glow you sometimes see when an object emits visible light. Some diamonds fluoresce when they are exposed to ultraviolet (UV) rays from sources like the sun and fluorescent lamps. This can cause them to emit a bluish light or more rarely, a yellow or orangy light. Once the UV light source is removed, the diamond stops fluorescing. 2. Do all diamonds fluoresce? No. Only about 25% to 35% of diamonds exhibit some degree of fluorescence. 3. Is there a diamond fluorescence grade? GIA considers diamond fluorescence an identifying characteristic. It is not a grading factor like the GIA 4Cs ( color, clarity, cut, and carat weight ). GIA Diamond Grading Reports and Diamond Dossiers describe a diamond’s fluorescence by its intensity (None, Faint, Medium, Strong and Very Strong) when compared to masterstones used in the lab. If the fluorescence is Medium, Strong, or Very Strong, the color of the fluorescence will be noted. Learn more about how GIA Diamond Grading Reports describe diamond color and fluorescence. Blue is by far the most common fluorescence color in diamonds when they are exposed to longwave UV rays. Copyright: GIA and Harold & Erica Van Pelt. Courtesy: Harry Winston, Inc. 4. Will diamond fluorescence make a yellow diamond look whiter? Some trade professionals think blue fluorescence enhances a diamond’s appearance, especially diamonds with I to M color grades. Bluish fluorescence can make a faint yellowish diamond appear more colorless in UV light, such as natural daylight. As a result, near colorless to faint yellow diamonds with a very strong to medium bluish fluorescence may have a slightly higher per carat price than similar diamonds that do not fluoresce. The opposite is true for diamonds with higher color grades: diamonds in the D to H color range with a bluish fluorescence are often considered less desirable by the trade. Some believe that a bluish fluorescence may cause a hazy or oily appearance in these diamonds, but only if the fluorescence intensity is very strong. Not all diamonds with very strong bluish fluorescence look oily, however, and they may sell for less than diamonds that do not have blue fluorescence. If you’re not yet familiar with the 23 color grades on the GIA Color Scale, you can learn more about them with the GIA Diamond Color Chart. This comet design brooch of gold set with colorless and fancy colored diamonds showers sparks when exposed to UV light. Photo: Andrew Quinlan/GIA 5. Can an average person tell the difference between diamonds that do and don’t fluoresce? GIA has studied the effect of blue fluorescence on diamond appearance. The Institute screened a large number of diamonds, assembling four sets of six diamonds, with each group representing a different color grade (E, G, I, and K). The diamonds in each set were as similar as possible in all respects except the intensity of blue fluorescence. Diamond graders, trained professionals, and average observers viewed the diamonds in controlled conditions to make a judgment about their appearance. Here is what GIA found: “For the average observer, meant to represent the jewelry buying public, no systematic effects of blue fluorescence on the face-up appearance of the groups of diamonds were detected. Even experienced observers did not consistently agree on the effects of fluorescence from one stone to the next.” Simply put, blue fluorescence had a negligible effect on the face-up appearance of diamonds in the colorless or near-colorless grade ranges (grades D through J) except for a slight improvement in the rare instances of very strong fluorescence intensity. If you’d like to dig deeper into the science, read GIA’s research findings on diamond fluorescence. On the left, a group of seven diamonds under daylight-equivalent illumination. On the right, the same diamonds fluorescing under long-wave UV illumination. Photo: Kevin Schumacher/GIA 6. Is diamond fluorescence good or bad? Fluorescence is neither good nor bad. A diamond’s beauty is in the eye of the beholder. You may perceive fluorescence, or you may not. You may like it, or you may not. If you are considering a diamond with bluish fluorescence, take the time to look at it under different kinds of lighting, including natural daylight, and compare it to other diamonds of the same color. See if you notice any difference. This beautiful brooch contains several diamonds that fluoresce under longwave UV illumination. Perhaps diamond fluorescence sparks so much conversation because its effect is so subjective. Opinions range across the spectrum. See if you notice it the next time you’re in a jewelry store – and then decide if it appeals to you. You should love what you end up buying. There’s no hard rule, so let your heart lead the way. Now that you know more about fluorescence, you probably want to dig deeper into light’s effect on another aspect of diamond quality. Read on to learn how light affects a diamond’s cut appearance. Main Image Copyright: GIA and Harold & Erica Van Pelt. Courtesy: Harry Winston, Inc.
msmarco_doc_00_26154506
http://4cs.gia.edu/en-us/blog/fascinating-faceted-cultured-pearl/
The Fascinating Faceted Cultured Pearl
The Fascinating Faceted Cultured Pearl The Fascinating Faceted Cultured Pearl
The Fascinating Faceted Cultured Pearl The Fascinating Faceted Cultured Pearl May 22, 2014 The pearl has been shrouded in myth and mystery since antiquity. The ancient Romans imagined they were the tears of gods and angels. The ancient Chinese thought they offered protection from fire-breathing dragons. And Europeans believed they symbolized modesty, chastity, and purity. In the 20 th century, the classic cultured pearl necklace became an essential fashion accessory, adorning icons of sophistication like Jackie Kennedy Onassis, Audrey Hepburn, and Coco Chanel. Paspaley South Sea cultured pearl suite: necklace, bracelet, earring and ring. Courtesy of Fine Gems International Pearls have been coveted for thousands of years, and in 1998, pearl lovers were given a new and unique option: the faceted cultured pearl. With up to 200 facets, these miniature marvels were the result of 20 years of experimentation by Komatsu Diamond Industry, a Japanese diamond-cutting company – and were a dramatic alternative from smoother surfaced cultured pearls. From left to right: a faceted white South Sea cultured pearl; a faceted golden South Sea cultured pearl; and a faceted black Tahitian cultured pearl. Courtesy of Komatsu Diamond Industry While only the finest cultured pearls were first faceted, cultured pearls of all qualities and colors are now cut and polished. To facet cultured pearls, gem cutters utilize the same cutting equipment that is used for cutting gemstones. Designers continue to experiment in pursuit of perfecting these geometric beauties. “Nature makes pearls, and faceting brings out their beauty,” says award-winning designer Mark Schneider, who has earned a reputation for featuring faceted cultured pearls in his work. “I take what nature creates and put my fingerprints on it.” A GIA Pearl Identification Report for faceted cultured pearls describes them using three of GIA’s 7 Pearl Value Factors ™: Size, Shape and Color. Due to the modified surface of faceted cultured pearls, the GIA reports do not describe Luster, Surface, Nacre Quality or Matching (if applicable). The GIA Pearl Identification Report also identifies if the faceted cultured pearl is natural or cultured; the type of nucleation (bead or non-bead); mollusk (if determinable); the environment (saltwater or freshwater); and any detectable treatments. With this information, you can make your purchase with peace of mind. Whether your taste is for the traditional or the Avant Garde, you’re sure to enjoy these unique creations. “Equilibrium” ring has a faceted black Tahitian cultured pearl mounted in platinum. Gift of Mark Schneider. Jewelry designer Mark Schneider says that architecture inspires his work, and his “Equilibrium” ring bears testimony. Winning first place in the 2004 American Vision Awards, Platinum Distinction category, the left and right portions of the ring shank, accented with diamonds, hold a faceted black Tahitian cultured pearl mounted in platinum. The bottom of the shank is black onyx. This ring would make a serious statement on the runway or at a red carpet gala. “Pearl Protrusion”. A faceted white cultured pearl sits opposite a faceted black cultured pearl. Jeffrey Appling won first place in the 2007 Jewelry Arts Awards, Rings category, for this eclectic piece named “Pearl Protrusion”. The contrast is striking: a faceted white cultured pearl sits opposite a faceted black cultured pearl (in the trade, the color may be referred to as “peacock,” which has a dark green-gray to blue-gray body color and a pink to purple overtone). The shank is decorated with tsavorite garnets and pink sapphires. The inside of the ring is rounded on the bottom to make the design not only unique, but also more comfortable to wear. Intricate engraving and an unorthodox setting are the finishing touches on this unusual work. The Vertebrae collection by K. Brunini Jewels uses faceted black cultured pearls as the crowning ornament. These two rings by K. Brunini Jewels draw their inspiration from nature. The ring on the left, from the Vertebrae collection, is meant to express the human center of energy. The ring on the right is from the Twig collection, where natural forms are forged into precious metal. Brunini adds tension to the mix by using faceted black cultured pearls as the crowning ornament. Mark Schneider’s 2001 AGTA Spectrum Award-winning design features a faceted black Tahitian cultured pearl. In Mark Schneider’s 2001 AGTA Spectrum Award-winning creation, a faceted black Tahitian cultured pearl holds center stage in this exquisite ring. The black opal inlay creates a waterfall effect. The bed of green tsavorite garnets bring to mind the ocean on a summer’s day. What do you think of the faceted cultured pearl? Do you prefer the traditional un-faceted cultured pearl? Or do you like the unique, and are drawn to the unusual look of the faceted cultured pearl?
msmarco_doc_00_26160720
http://4cs.gia.edu/en-us/blog/majestic-jadeite-breaks-records-auction/
Majestic Jadeite Breaks Records at Auction
Majestic Jadeite Breaks Records at Auction Majestic Jadeite Breaks Records at Auction
Majestic Jadeite Breaks Records at Auction Majestic Jadeite Breaks Records at Auction June 25, 2014 Jadeite, the king of all jade, stole the show at Sotheby’s Hong Kong spring auction on April 7, 2014. Nearly 80% of 36 jadeite pieces available sold over their estimates, highlighting the recent incredible demand for the gem. The Hutton-Mdivani necklace (shown above), once owned by socialite and Woolworth heiress Barbara Hutton received the most attention at the auction earning a world auction record for any jadeite jewelry. It was purchased by the Cartier Collection for a record-setting $27.4 million (214,040,000 HKD). Barbara Hutton wearing the Hutton-Mdivani necklace at the Metropolitan Opera House in New York in 1933, accompanied by her first husband Prince Alexis Mdivani. Hutton may have received the necklace from her father as a wedding gift. Image Courtesy of Sotheby’s. The Hutton-Mdivani necklace is crafted from 27 jadeite beads, which date back to the late Qing dynasty, graduating from 15 to 19 mm. It’s accented with an Art Deco Cartier clasp set with rubies and baguette diamonds. The process of cutting the beads from one large jade boulder and precise color-matching adds to this piece’s incredible value. The Highly Important Jadeite Bangle, has an inner diameter and thickness of approximately 55.45 – 47.30 x 13.41mm. It sold at Sotheby’s Hong Kong for over $5.6 million USD (43,800,000 HKD). Image courtesy of Sotheby’s. Known as “the stone of heaven,” jade is revered in Chinese culture and commonly worn as a protective ornament, often in the shape of a bangle. Modern gemologists use the term jade to refer to both jadeite and nephrite, but today it’s jadeite that’s the most prized material. Ancient Chinese artisans carved tools and sculptures using nephrite jade until jadeite jade–with its vivid, green color and fine transparency–reached their country from Burmese mines (present day Myanmar) in the mid-18 th century. Some traders estimate that only 10 to 20 years of jadeite reserves are left. This shrinking supply, combined with China’s new wealth and love for luxury, is driving collectors to pay top dollar for superior jadeite. A lavender jadeite bead necklace with emerald green jadeite bead spacers with a clasp fashioned from a green jadeite cabochon (left) sold at the Sotheby’s Hong Kong auction for over $120,000 USD (937,500 HKD). The necklace and bracelet set (right) which features lavender jadeite cabochons sold for over $27,000 USD (212,500 HKD). Image courtesy of Sotheby’s. Color is jadeite’s most important value factor. An even tone and strong saturation increases the worth of this gem. The most coveted “Imperial” jadeite is a pure, penetrating green with no hint of gray. But the mineral also comes in a variety of other hues including lavender, white, yellow to reddish orange, brown, gray and black. Spring hues of lavender jadeite captivated buyers at this auction as well. The Laughing Buddha (right) and Guan Yin (left) pendants illustrate the translucent tones of jadeite. The pair sold for more than $12,000 USD (93,750 HKD) at Sotheby’s Hong Kong auction. Image courtesy of Sotheby’s. Transparency and texture also help determine jadeite’s value. Top-quality jadeite is semi-transparent, and has a fine texture that feels smooth to the skin. Manufacturers can treat jadeite with dye, wax or plastic impregnation to make it appear more attractive. Some treatments a trained gemologist can easily identify, but other treatments are difficult to detect and require advanced testing techniques used by laboratories. All treatments should be disclosed. Are you considering a jadeite addition to your jewelry collection? GIA’s Jade Buying Guide is a helpful reference filled with tips and factors you should consider before making a purchase.
msmarco_doc_00_26166022
http://4cs.gia.edu/en-us/blog/neil-lane-engagement-ring-designer-interview/
Neil Lane Engagement Ring Designer Interview
Q&A with Neil Lane: Engagement Ring Designer to the Stars Q&A with Neil Lane: Engagement Ring Designer to the Stars
Neil Lane Engagement Ring Designer Interview Trends Q&A with Neil Lane: Engagement Ring Designer to the Stars January 17, 2017 Neil Lane engagement rings are coveted by celebrities, brides-to-be and contestants vying for a “final rose” on ABC-TV’s hit reality show “The Bachelor.” Find out how the Brooklyn-raised artist became a designer to the stars. For this post, we turn to guest blogger and industry veteran Dawn Moore, who mined her contacts to get an exclusive interview with Neil Lane. Read on to learn how humble beginnings, a chance encounter in Paris and a life-long love affair with antique jewelry made him one of the most sought-after engagement ring designers in the industry. Neil Lane meets with contestant Nick Viall on ABC-TV’s “Bachelor in Paradise.” Nick will try for love again as he stars as “The Bachelor” in the show’s 21st season debuting January 2017. Photo: Rick Rowell. Courtesy: ABC Copyright: 2016 American Broadcasting Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. DM: How did you become Hollywood’s go-to jeweler for vintage engagement rings? Neil Lane: When I came to California in the late 1980’s, I had a little counter at a vintage mall called Antiquarius in Beverly Hills and I didn’t really know where I was within Los Angeles or even in relation to Hollywood. Barbra Streisand and Goldie Hawn were my first clients at that little counter. I never really liked diamonds per se, that really wasn’t my thing. Actually, I didn’t even like engagement rings – it’s kind of crazy. They were annoying to me! My expertise was in 19th century gold. But I really started looking and studying these Edwardian and Art Deco engagement rings and began to love them. I would study the detail – tiny little diamonds, curves, millgrain, unusual stones, and I was fascinated. Eventually, Hollywood started appreciating antique and vintage styles and young celebrities were looking for something different. I started making rings for their engagements. I made so many engagement rings – people liked my aesthetic and I began to get noticed. This Art Deco diamond and emerald engagement ring from the Neil Lane Archival Collection takes us a step back in time. Courtesy: Neil Lane DM: You were going to be an artist – a painter – what turned your creativity to jewels? Neil Lane: Because I loved the flea market! As a teenager in Brooklyn, I was fascinated by what people threw out. I grew up in a house with antiques. My father would say, “Be careful, that’s expensive!” So I had this concept that older objects were more valuable. I was in high school and I was exhibiting at the Brooklyn Museum. DM: Wait… you were exhibiting your painting at the Brooklyn Museum while you were still in high school? Something in you must have shifted… Neil Lane: What shifted was, I was finding these things in the street – you know I never worked for anyone – and I discovered the Sunday 26th Street Flea Market. I didn’t even have a table – I’d put my items on a cloth and I’d make $300 at 17 years old. Then I’d go home and paint and draw. With this money I went to Paris. DM: Paris is definitely vintage jewelry heaven! Did you go with the intent to start collecting? Neil Lane: No! I went to see the Mona Lisa. I took the ferry from Dover to Calais and then that long schlep into Paris. My first night I went to the Louvre. I walked past The Winged Victory and ran down the hall asking, “Where’s the Mona Lisa?” And when I found it and saw it’s actual size, I thought, “That’s it?” DM: Tell us about the jewel that sparked your business… Neil Lane: I might have been 20 or 22, drawing and painting in Paris – studying art in the museums. But I was becoming fascinated by enameled jewelry and color and started buying little bits of art nouveau jewelry – not expensive. One day, wandering the rue du Faubourg Saint-Honore I found myself in front of a store. In the window was a demon-like brooch with a big pearl in its belly and a big diamond in its mouth covered in red and green enamel. I couldn’t take my eyes off it! The shop was closed, but I kept knocking on the door until they finally let me in and showed me the brooch. It was priced at $4,000 – an incredible sum at the time: I only had $10,000 to last me for my entire trip. I tried to negotiate with them and they threw me out. I probably walked around the block 30 times until I went back to shop and the same routine – but this time I bought the brooch. And I trembled with it. It was my first visceral, experience with jewelry. The dragon diamond and pearl brooch that sparked Neil Lane’s interest in vintage jewelry during his studies in Paris. Courtesy: Neil Lane DM: Fancy cuts and colored diamonds are clearly your passion. What are you looking for in a stone? Neil Lane: Shape, shape, shape. I’m a very visual person. Shapes inform me, they teach me. A lot of the cuts today are based on the yield, but they didn’t have that technology 100 years ago, so some of the diamonds are much more lumpy and imperfect – they have character. So when you find an Asscher cut from the 1920’s, there is much diamond material above the girdle and when you look into it you can see eternity. I just fall in love with these old diamonds. Neil Lane engagement rings are inspired by his passion for vintage and antique jewelry. This 4.5 carat (ct) Asscher cut diamond Edwardian engagement ring is from the Neil Lane Archival Collection. Courtesy: Neil Lane DM: Your sophisticated eye for the glamour of estate diamonds translates beautifully in your collection for Kay Jewelers. Neil Lane: I believed intuitively that bridal would be for me a very, very important part of my life, so it was a kismet moment with Kay Jewelers. We had a great first meeting where I described to them what I thought America should do (laughs). I thought America was ready for pretty. I also suggested they should sell cushion-cut diamonds. When Jenna Dewan received a cushion cut for her engagement to Channing Tatum it got a lot of attention. The next year, the cushion collection was the best seller. Then we started introducing my aesthetic: pear shapes, marquise shapes, and it was fantastic. A 5 ct round-cut diamond has the starring role in this Neil Lane engagement ring designed for actress Jennifer Hudson’s engagement to David Otunga. Courtesy: Neil Lane DM: What trends do you see in engagement rings? Are we ever going to see yellow gold prevail again? Neil Lane: I worked with athlete Amy Purdy to design a yellow gold ring with a cognac diamond surrounded by filigree and beadwork. The Miley Cyrus ring got a lot of attention – that was yellow gold. I created an Art Nouveau style ring – hand chased with a vintage diamond. Yellow gold is a beautiful thing. I don’t like to make claims … but I don’t think we’re going to see yellow gold take over again. What’s doing very well is rose gold and we mix it with white gold and it’s very, very pretty. It’s evocative of a past. The Neil Lane engagement ring for athlete Amy Purdy. The yellow gold and platinum vintage-style engagement ring features a brown cushion-cut diamond. Courtesy: Neil Lane DM: You’ve loaned jewels to some of the most stunning women in Hollywood. Your designs are on their ring fingers and you have one of the world’s premier vintage jewelry collections. What’s still looming out there for you? Neil Lane: Interesting… Maybe taking my design elements into china patterns or a silver vase or linens. Or maybe… a wedding dress! ABC-TV’s “The Bachelor” Nick Viall © 2016 American Broadcasting Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. DM: Speaking of weddings – don’t miss Neil Lane’s guest appearance on the 21st season of ABC-TV’s hit reality series “The Bachelor” as he helps Nick Viall pick out an engagement ring – or so we hope! After being a castoff as a runner-up on two episodes of “The Bachelorette,” we hope to hear wedding bells for Nick Viall and his ladylove. More posts by Dawn Moore: The Five Non-Negotiable Rules for Buying Jewelry Online Pearl Jewelry Essentials: 5 Easy Pieces A Conversation with Martin Katz – A Jeweler Like No Other GIA Guest Blogger: Dawn Moore, GIA AJP Drawing on her experience as Regional Director at Harry Winston, Mikimoto and Chopard, Dawn Moore writes about world-class jewels for The Huffington Post, C Magazine, The Los Angeles Times and Santa Barbara Magazine. Read more about her: www.mooreabout.com (Main image: Neil Lane engagement rings get their start at the drafting table. Courtesy: Neil Lane)
msmarco_doc_00_26170245
http://4cs.gia.edu/en-us/blog/understanding-diamond-fluorescence/
Understanding Diamond Fluorescence - GIA 4Cs
Understanding Diamond Fluorescence Understanding Diamond Fluorescence What is diamond fluorescence? Is fluorescence common? What impact does fluorescence have on the appearance of a diamond? Does fluorescence compromise the structural integrity of the diamond? Should I buy a diamond that exhibits fluorescence?
Understanding Diamond Fluorescence - GIA 4Cs Understanding Diamond Fluorescence May 09, 2012 Have you ever noticed the term “Fluorescence” on a GIA Diamond Grading Report? Did you know that some, but not all, diamonds show effects under ultraviolet light? For most people who purchase diamonds, fluorescence will be a non-issue, but some might be confused by the term. Below are commonly asked questions, and helpful answers from GIA researchers who have studied fluorescence in depth. What is diamond fluorescence? Diamond fluorescence, in its most simple form, is the effect that ultraviolet (UV) light has on a diamond. When you stand under a blue light or ultraviolet light, sometimes you can see your whites get brighter or your teeth appear to glow. This is the same effect the diamond has under the UV rays. Fluorescence is the visible light that a diamond emits when it is exposed to the UV rays. On a GIA Diamond Grading Report, fluorescence refers to the strength, or intensity, of the diamond’s reaction to long-wave UV, which is an essential component of daylight. The light emitted lasts as long as the diamond is exposed to the ultraviolet source. Is fluorescence common? Yes. Of the diamonds submitted to GIA over the past decade, approximately 25% to 35% exhibit some degree of fluorescence. However, only 10% of those show strengths of fluorescence that may affect appearance (i.e., strengths noted on laboratory reports as medium, strong, or very strong). In more than 95% of the diamonds that exhibit fluorescence, the visible color is blue. As blue is the complementary color to yellow, the most common tinted color in diamonds, blue fluorescence can make yellowish diamonds look white or colorless. In rare instances, the reaction to fluorescence is yellow, white or another color. What impact does fluorescence have on the appearance of a diamond? GIA studies show that for the overwhelming majority of diamonds, the strength of fluorescence has no widely noticeable effect on appearance. In the GIA Fluorescence Study, it was found that the average person could not make a distinction between a diamond with fluorescence and a diamond without. In many instances, observers prefer the appearance of diamonds that have medium to strong fluorescence. In rare cases, some diamonds with extremely strong fluorescence may appear hazy or oily; fewer than 0.2% of the fluorescent diamonds submitted to GIA exhibit this effect Does fluorescence compromise the structural integrity of the diamond? No. A diamond that fluoresces has the same integrity as one with no reaction to UV. Submicroscopic substitutions and/or shifts in the diamond structure can cause fluorescence or can prevent it. Nothing in either instance inherently weakens or is bad for the diamond. Should I buy a diamond that exhibits fluorescence? The preference to buy a diamond that exhibits fluorescence is a personal one, as a diamond’s appearance must be taken as a whole. Other factors can influence color appearance more strongly than fluorescence, such as how the diamond has been cut, whether the diamond is viewed in natural or artificial light, and even what you’re wearing on any given day.
msmarco_doc_00_26179477
http://4cs.gia.edu/en-us/diamond-carat-weight/
Learn What Carat Means and What Diamond Carat Measures | 4Cs of Diamond Quality by GIA
DIAMOND CARAT WEIGHT DIAMOND CARAT WEIGHT Diamond Carat Weight Measures a Diamond’s Apparent Size How did the carat system start? What are “magic sizes”? An unanticipated problem was encountered, check back soon and try again
Learn What Carat Means and What Diamond Carat Measures | 4Cs of Diamond Quality by GIA DIAMOND CARAT WEIGHT Diamond Carat Weight Measures a Diamond’s Apparent Size To put it simply, diamond carat weight measures how much a diamond weighs. A metric “carat” is defined as 200 milligrams. Each carat is subdivided into 100 ‘points.’ This allows very precise measurements to the hundredth decimal place. A jeweler may describe the weight of a diamond below one carat by its ‘points’ alone. For instance, the jeweler may refer to a diamond that weighs 0.25 carats as a ‘twenty-five pointer.’ Diamond weights greater than one carat are expressed in carats and decimals. A 1.08 carat stone would be described as ‘one point oh eight carats.’ All else being equal, diamond price increases with diamond carat weight because larger diamonds are rarer and more desirable. However, two diamonds of equal carat weight can have very different values (and prices) depending on three other factors of the diamond 4Cs: Color, Clarity, and Cut. While now you know what carat means, it’s also important to remember that a diamond’s value is determined using all of the 4Cs, and not just carat weight. This short video explains carat weight and shows how diamonds are weighed in GIA’s lab on an extremely precise electronic scale. How did the carat system start? In order to understand what a diamond carat measures, it would help to know the origins of the modern carat system. Carat weight started with the carob seed, when early gem traders used the small, uniform seeds as counterweights in their balance scales. Today, the carat is the same milligram weight in every corner of the world. What are “magic sizes”? Some weights are considered “magic sizes” – half carat, three-quarter carat, and carat. Visually, there’s little difference between a 0.99 carat diamond and one that weighs a full carat. But the price differences between the two can be significant. HOW TO CHOOSE A DIAMOND Learn about the 4Cs and how to choose a diamond. Play Video Play Mute 0:00 / 0:00 Loaded: 0% Progress: 0% Stream Type LIVE 0:00 Playback Rate 1x Chapters Chapters Descriptions descriptions off, selected Captions captions settings, opens captions settings dialog captions off, selected English Captions 日本語 Captions 簡体中文 Captions Audio Track Fullscreen This is a modal window. An unanticipated problem was encountered, check back soon and try again Error Code: MEDIA_ERR_UNKNOWN Session ID: 2021-05-15:826ae57e6921c378f2174e31 Player Element ID: enLocale Close Modal Dialog Beginning of dialog window. Escape will cancel and close the window. Text Color White Black Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Background Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Transparent Window Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Transparent Semi-Transparent Opaque Font Size 50% 75% 100% 125% 150% 175% 200% 300% 400% Text Edge Style None Raised Depressed Uniform Dropshadow Font Family Proportional Sans-Serif Monospace Sans-Serif Proportional Serif Monospace Serif Casual Script Small Caps Reset restore all settings to the default values Done Close Modal Dialog End of dialog window. Close Modal Dialog This is a modal window. This modal can be closed by pressing the Escape key or activating the close button. RELATED TOPICS DIAMOND COLOR WHAT IS DIAMOND CLARITY? DIAMOND CUT HOW TO BUY A DIAMOND DIAMOND ORIGIN GIA 4Cs APP Learn more about buying a diamond with the GIA 4Cs app.
msmarco_doc_00_26183220
http://4cs.gia.edu/en-us/diamond-clarity/
What is Diamond Clarity | The 4Cs of Diamond Quality by GIA
WHAT IS DIAMOND CLARITY? WHAT IS DIAMOND CLARITY? Diamond Clarity Refers to the Absence of Inclusions and Blemishes How did the GIA Clarity Scale come to be? What causes inclusions?
What is Diamond Clarity | The 4Cs of Diamond Quality by GIA WHAT IS DIAMOND CLARITY? Diamond Clarity Refers to the Absence of Inclusions and Blemishes To understand diamond clarity, we must first understand how diamonds are created. Natural diamonds are the result of carbon exposed to tremendous heat and pressure deep in the earth. This process can result in a variety of internal characteristics called ‘inclusions’ and external characteristics called ‘blemishes.’ Evaluating diamond clarity involves determining the number, size, relief, nature, and position of these characteristics, as well as how these affect the overall appearance of the stone. If you are trying to determine what is the best clarity for a diamond, remember that no diamond is perfectly pure. But the closer it comes to purity, the better its clarity. The GIA Diamond Clarity Scale has 6 categories, some of which are divided, for a total of 11 specific grades. Flawless (FL) No inclusions and no blemishes visible under 10x magnification Internally Flawless (IF) No inclusions visible under 10x magnification Very, Very Slightly Included (VVS1 and VVS2) Inclusions so slight they are difficult for a skilled grader to see under 10x magnification Very Slightly Included (VS1 and VS2) Inclusions are observed with effort under 10x magnification, but can be characterized as minor Slightly Included (SI1 and SI2) Inclusions are noticeable under 10x magnification Included (I1, I2, and I3) Inclusions are obvious under 10x magnification which may affect transparency and brilliance This short video explains the GIA clarity scale and how GIA classifies diamonds with a clarity grade ranging from Flawless to I 3 by using a 10X magnification loupe and a microscope to see and plot the diamond’s inclusions. Many inclusions and blemishes are too tiny to be seen by anyone other than a trained diamond grader. To the naked eye, a VS1 and an SI2 diamond may look exactly the same, but these diamonds are quite different in terms of overall quality. This is why expert and accurate assessment of diamond clarity is extremely important. Knowing what diamond clarity truly means helps you understand the factors that contribute to diamond quality and price. How did the GIA Clarity Scale come to be? Like the color scale, GIA’s clarity grading system developed because jewelers were using terms that could be misinterpreted, “loupe clean” or “piqué.” Today, even if you buy a diamond somewhere else in the world, the jeweler will most likely use terms like VVS1 or SI2 to indicate the clarity of a diamond, even if his or her language is French or Japanese instead of English. What causes inclusions? Small crystals can become trapped in a diamond when it’s forming. Sometimes as a crystal grows, it can develop irregularities in its atomic structure. The size, position and visibility of inclusions can have a significant impact on diamond clarity.
msmarco_doc_00_26187439
http://4cs.gia.edu/en-us/diamond-color/
Learn What Diamond Color Is and What it Means | GIA 4Cs of Diamond Quality
DIAMOND COLOR DIAMOND COLOR Diamond Color Actually Means Lack of Color Why does the GIA color grading system start at D? Are diamonds graded as Z s considered fancy-color? An unanticipated problem was encountered, check back soon and try again
Learn What Diamond Color Is and What it Means | GIA 4Cs of Diamond Quality DIAMOND COLOR Diamond Color Actually Means Lack of Color Understanding what diamond color means helps in choosing the right diamond. Interestingly, the diamond color evaluation of most gem-quality diamonds is based on the absence of color. A chemically pure and structurally perfect diamond has no hue, like a drop of pure water, and consequently, a higher value. GIA’s D-to-Z diamond color-grading system measures the degree of colorlessness by comparing a stone under controlled lighting and precise viewing conditions to masterstones of established color value. Many of these diamond color distinctions are so subtle that they are invisible to the untrained eye; however, these distinctions make a very big difference in diamond quality and price. Hence, it is important to get a GIA expert’s opinion in evaluating the best color for your diamond. This short video explains the GIA color scale and how GIA classifies a diamond with a letter grade from D-to-Z by comparing it to masterstones representing the color grades on the GIA scale. Why does the GIA color grading system start at D? Before GIA universalized the D-to-Z Color Grading Scale, there was no clear standard to define what diamond color is. A variety of other systems were used loosely, from A, B, and C (used without clear definition), to Arabic (0, 1, 2, 3) and Roman (I, II, III) numbers, to descriptive terms like “gem blue” or “blue white,” which are notorious for misinterpretation. So, the creators of the GIA Color Scale wanted to start fresh, without any association with earlier systems. Thus the GIA scale starts at the letter D. Very few people still cling to other grading systems, and no other system has the clarity and universal acceptance of the GIA scale. Are diamonds graded as Z s considered fancy-color? No. Naturally colored diamonds outside the normal color range are called fancy-color diamonds. The FTC provides no guidelines for the use of the term “fancy-color” in the US, but there is general agreement in the international trade about what diamond color range is customary for fancy-color diamonds. These are either yellow or brown diamonds that have more color than a Z master stone or they exhibit a color other than yellow or brown. HOW TO CHOOSE A DIAMOND Learn about the 4Cs and how to choose a diamond. Play Video Play Mute 0:00 / 0:00 Loaded: 0% Progress: 0% Stream Type LIVE 0:00 Playback Rate 1x Chapters Chapters Descriptions descriptions off, selected Captions captions settings, opens captions settings dialog captions off, selected English Captions 日本語 Captions 簡体中文 Captions Audio Track Fullscreen This is a modal window. An unanticipated problem was encountered, check back soon and try again Error Code: MEDIA_ERR_UNKNOWN Session ID: 2021-05-09:95a45bab211b2908d72b30c6 Player Element ID: enLocale Close Modal Dialog Beginning of dialog window. Escape will cancel and close the window. Text Color White Black Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Background Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Transparent Window Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Transparent Semi-Transparent Opaque Font Size 50% 75% 100% 125% 150% 175% 200% 300% 400% Text Edge Style None Raised Depressed Uniform Dropshadow Font Family Proportional Sans-Serif Monospace Sans-Serif Proportional Serif Monospace Serif Casual Script Small Caps Reset restore all settings to the default values Done Close Modal Dialog End of dialog window. Close Modal Dialog This is a modal window. This modal can be closed by pressing the Escape key or activating the close button. GIA RETAILER LOOKUP Find a retailer that offers GIA-graded diamonds. GIA 4Cs APP Learn more about buying a diamond with the GIA 4Cs app.
msmarco_doc_00_26190808
http://4cs.gia.edu/en-us/diamond-cut/
Learn What Diamond Cut Actually Means and All About Diamond Cut Grades| 4Cs of Diamond Quality
DIAMOND CUT DIAMOND CUT Understanding Diamond Cut How does pavilion depth affect a diamond’s cut? An unanticipated problem was encountered, check back soon and try again
Learn What Diamond Cut Actually Means and All About Diamond Cut Grades| 4Cs of Diamond Quality DIAMOND CUT Understanding Diamond Cut Diamonds are renowned for their ability to transmit light and sparkle so intensely. We often think of a diamond’s cut as shape (round, heart, oval, marquise, pear), but what diamond cut actually does mean how well a diamond’s facets interact with light. Precise artistry and workmanship are required to fashion a stone so its proportions, symmetry and polish deliver the magnificent return of light only possible in a diamond. Achieving the best cut for a diamond reflects in the stone’s final beauty and value. And of all the diamond 4Cs, it is the most complex and technically difficult to analyze. To determine the cut grade of the standard round brilliant diamond – the shape that dominates the majority of diamond jewelry – GIA calculates the proportions of those facets that influence the diamond’s face-up appearance. These proportions allow GIA to evaluate what the best cut for a diamond is, by studying how successfully a diamond interacts with light to create desirable visual effects, such as: Brightness: Internal and external white light reflected from a diamond Fire: The scattering of white light into all the colors of the rainbow Scintillation: The amount of sparkle a diamond produces, and the pattern of light and dark areas caused by reflections within the diamond This short video explains the GIA cut scale and how GIA classifies round brilliant cut diamonds with a cut grade ranging from Excellent to Poor by factoring in a range of parameters including the diamond’s proportions, culet size, girdle thickness, polish and symmetry descriptions. GIA’s diamond cut grade also takes into account the design and craftsmanship of the diamond, including its weight relative to its diameter, its girdle thickness (which affects its durability), the symmetry of its facet arrangement, and the quality of polish on those facets. The GIA Diamond Cut Scale for standard round brilliant diamonds in the D-to-Z diamond color range contains 5 grades ranging from Excellent to Poor and is the definitive scale for classifying diamond cuts. How does pavilion depth affect a diamond’s cut? The distance from the bottom of the girdle to the culet is the pavilion depth. A pavilion depth that’s too shallow or too deep will allow light to escape from the side of the stone or leak out of the bottom. A well-cut diamond will direct more light through the crown. HOW TO CHOOSE A DIAMOND Learn about the 4Cs and how to choose a diamond. Play Video Play Mute 0:00 / 0:00 Loaded: 0% Progress: 0% Stream Type LIVE 0:00 Playback Rate 1x Chapters Chapters Descriptions descriptions off, selected Captions captions settings, opens captions settings dialog captions off, selected English Captions 日本語 Captions 簡体中文 Captions Audio Track Fullscreen This is a modal window. An unanticipated problem was encountered, check back soon and try again Error Code: MEDIA_ERR_UNKNOWN Session ID: 2021-05-10:a41a63b9e7371f12e50e654b Player Element ID: enLocale Close Modal Dialog Beginning of dialog window. Escape will cancel and close the window. Text Color White Black Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Background Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Transparent Window Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Transparent Semi-Transparent Opaque Font Size 50% 75% 100% 125% 150% 175% 200% 300% 400% Text Edge Style None Raised Depressed Uniform Dropshadow Font Family Proportional Sans-Serif Monospace Sans-Serif Proportional Serif Monospace Serif Casual Script Small Caps Reset restore all settings to the default values Done Close Modal Dialog End of dialog window. Close Modal Dialog This is a modal window. This modal can be closed by pressing the Escape key or activating the close button. RELATED TOPICS DIAMOND COLOR WHAT IS DIAMOND CLARITY? DIAMOND CARAT WEIGHT HOW TO BUY A DIAMOND DIAMOND ORIGIN GIA 4Cs APP Learn more about buying a diamond with the GIA 4Cs app.
msmarco_doc_00_26195276
http://4cs.gia.edu/en-us/how-gia-grades-diamonds/
About GIA Diamond Grading | 4Cs of Diamond Quality by GIA
GIA GRADING GIA GRADING The Original Source for Diamond Grading An unanticipated problem was encountered, check back soon and try again
About GIA Diamond Grading | 4Cs of Diamond Quality by GIA GIA GRADING The Original Source for Diamond Grading Before GIA created the 4Cs of Diamond Quality and the International Diamond Grading System™, there were as many ways to describe diamonds, as there were methods for evaluating their quality. Then in the 1940s and 50s, GIA transformed the way diamonds were bought and sold by doing three things: Creating a common language for diamonds. The 4Cs and the GIA International Diamond Grading System™ provide a consistent way to describe a diamond’s characteristics. Establishing the methods and best practices used to grade diamonds. Issuing the first GIA Diamond Grading Report, as a way to consistently and accurately communicate grading results. GIA’s innovations have been adopted universally. In every corner of the world, virtually every diamond is described using the language GIA developed. Other reports from other entities have since made their way into the marketplace, but GIA is recognized as the original and unrivaled source for accuracy and integrity in diamond grading. The GIA Diamond Grading Report contains scientifically determined information on diamond shape, color, clarity, cut, carat weight, proportions and finish. It also identifies any known treatments. The GIA Diamond Origin Report represents GIA’s latest innovation in diamond identification. In addition to a full, unbiased 4Cs assessment, the report also identifies the diamond’s country of origin. The GIA Diamond Dossier® is a more concise, compact version of the GIA Diamond Grading Report and is available for diamonds that weigh between 0.15 and 1.99 carats. This report includes all the important 4Cs grading results as the Diamond Grading Report, but does not include the plotted diagram. GIA also offers online-only reports with full 4Cs grading results: the GIA Diamond eReport and the GIA Diamond Focus™ Report. As an added security measure, GIA also offers optional laser inscription with its reports (included with the Diamond Origin, Diamond Dossier and Diamond Focus Report) where the diamond’s report number is inscribed on the diamond’s girdle. GIA can also inscribe customized messages, dates, text and symbols that not only personalize a diamond, but allow for easy identification. HOW TO CHOOSE A DIAMOND Learn about the 4Cs and how to choose a diamond. Play Video Play Mute 0:00 / 0:00 Loaded: 0% Progress: 0% Stream Type LIVE 0:00 Playback Rate 1x Chapters Chapters Descriptions descriptions off, selected Captions captions settings, opens captions settings dialog captions off, selected English Captions 日本語 Captions 簡体中文 Captions Audio Track Fullscreen This is a modal window. An unanticipated problem was encountered, check back soon and try again Error Code: MEDIA_ERR_UNKNOWN Session ID: 2021-05-10:8249e8b9cb93727de5356b58 Player Element ID: enLocale Close Modal Dialog Beginning of dialog window. Escape will cancel and close the window. Text Color White Black Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Background Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Transparent Window Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Transparent Semi-Transparent Opaque Font Size 50% 75% 100% 125% 150% 175% 200% 300% 400% Text Edge Style None Raised Depressed Uniform Dropshadow Font Family Proportional Sans-Serif Monospace Sans-Serif Proportional Serif Monospace Serif Casual Script Small Caps Reset restore all settings to the default values Done Close Modal Dialog End of dialog window. Close Modal Dialog This is a modal window. This modal can be closed by pressing the Escape key or activating the close button. RELATED TOPICS GRADING THE 4C s DIAMOND GRADING REPORTS WHY ASK FOR A GRADING REPORT? DIAMOND ORIGIN GIA 4Cs APP Learn more about buying a diamond with the GIA 4Cs app.
msmarco_doc_00_26199941
http://4daydiet.net/page3.html
4DayDiet.net - The 4 Day Stewardess Diet
The 4 Day Stewardess Diet The 4 Day Stewardess Diet
4DayDiet.net - The 4 Day Stewardess Diet The 4 Day Stewardess Diet It’s a fact: fad diets come and go. But the concept of diet and exercise to achieve weight loss has been around for centuries. In fact, CNN recently released a news article summarizing some of the most famous diets recorded. It lists that Lord Byron came up with the idea of combining water with apple cider vinegar in 1820, and that the diet actually became popular. The Grapefruit Diet or Hollywood Diet was borne in the 1930s and as its name suggests, it was a low calorie diet that prescribed grapefruit to be eaten with every meal. The infamous Cookie Diet was borne in 1975 by a Florida doctor. It’s premise? Eat cookies and lots of them. While Hollywood ate up this diet with aficionado, the amino acid based Cookie Diet craze didn’t last long. While you may not be like President William Howard Taft, who resolved to shed some pounds after getting stuck in the bathtub at the White House, and you may not jump on the fad diet bandwagon, if you’re interested in slimming down in just a few days, the 4 day stewardess diet just might be the solution. 4 Day Diet in a Nut Shell The origins of 4 day diet plans began with Margaret Danbroke in 1985 with her book, The 4 Day Wonder Diet . Since then there have been alterations in her prescribed plan, but 4 day diets are generally based in the idea of consuming ultra-low levels of calories over the course of 4 days. Approved food items include lean protein, fish, and fruits and vegetables, but serving sizes are extremely small. Keep in mind that while foods that are acceptable to eat on this diet can come from a variety of sources, the diet isn’t something to continue beyond the four day mark simply because the caloric intake and nutrients are so limited. 4 Day Diet Options The results of following 4 day diet guidelines vary from person to person, but it’s reported that you can lose anywhere from 2 to 10 pounds. Various menu options and diet guidelines are published online. Most of them limit carbohydrates and encourage the consumption of lots of water. A few plans recommend the elimination of caffeine and others allow diet soda, coffee and tea. Day one for one menu option looks like this: Option 1 Breakfast: 1 hard-boiled egg, ½ orange Lunch: 3.5 ounce water packed tuna, 3.5 ounce lettuce, 2 radishes Dinner: 6 ounce chicken breast, ½ cup boiled spinach, ½ tomato, ½ apple While the above menu provides protein from a variety of sources and incudes fruits and vegetables, it lacks key nutrients like vitamin D and calcium. Some dieticians recommend that if you want to try the diet, include whole grains and low-fat or nonfat dairy to meet your nutritional needs. Another option is the Master Cleanse or Lemonade Diet. It’s a fast and requires participants to concoct and consume this beverage: Option 2: the Master Cleanse 2 tablespoons lemon juice, freshly squeezed 2 tablespoons organic maple syrup 1 dash cayenne pepper 10 ounces water Some recommend 10 days or longer fasting, but participants on fasts of any sort generally feel weak and lethargic, even if the fast lasts 3 or 4 days in length. Why the Diet is Popular 4 day diets are used by people looking to shed a few pounds quickly. They are popular because they produce results in only 4 days. It’s important to remember that while weight loss will occur, intense, short-term dieting is not intended to produce long term weight loss. You might, however, consider it as a way to kick start your longer term weight loss goals. Who Might Consider 4 Day Diets From a nutritional perspective, an extremely caloric restrictive diet that lasts four days cannot provide adequate nutrients for your body. Conversely, it’s only four days of restriction so the nutritional consequences may not be all that bad. Individuals who are looking to shed a few pounds before a big event like a wedding or a vacation can do so by following the guidelines of any of the published 4 day stewardess diets. Fasting and ultra-restrictive diets are not acceptable for women who are pregnant or lactating, and they are not recommended for individuals with nutritional deficiencies, diabetes and other health related concerns. Food for Thought You can do anything for 4 days. While different 4 day diets are not intended to last longer than 4 days, it’s surprising what dieting strategies and goals you can achieve in that short period of time. If you’re looking for a way to control food choices and to improve your success in dieting, one of the 4 day diet strategies can help. Typically the downfall of dieting is that menu options are limited and participants get bored eating the same thing. Four days’ worth of dieting, however, isn’t generally enough time to get fed up with boring foods. The 4 day stewardess diet is a short-term plan without any guidelines for weight loss maintenance, but the concept of consuming lower calories and eating a variety of lean proteins, fruits and vegetables is a good foundation for future eating. PLEASE NOTE: Saperecom does not provide medical or any other health care advice, diagnosis or treatment. see additional information
msmarco_doc_00_26204319
http://4degreez.com/misc/hypochondria_test.html
Hypochondria Test
Hypochondria Test Hypochondria Test
Hypochondria Test Hypochondria Test Are you a man or a woman? Man Woman How often do you worry about your health? Almost all the time Sometimes Rarely Do your worries distract you from enjoying normal activities? Yes, regularly Yes, sometimes Rarely Do your worries make it difficult for you to concentrate at work? Yes, regularly Yes, sometimes Rarely Do you frequently visit health-related web sites? Almost every day Maybe once a week Rarely ever Have you gone to the doctor and he or she was unable to find anything wrong with you? Yes No Do you frequently think about what would happen if you were to die? Yes No Are other people tired of hearing about your ailment (s)? Yes No When you feel an ache or pain, do you instinctively wonder what serious illness might be causing it? Yes No Do you get frustrated when others dismiss your health worries? Yes No Would you trade your life savings in exchange for a guarantee that you don't have a particular disease? Yes Maybe No Are you afraid to see a doctor for fear of what he or she might tell you? Yes No Do you make yourself upset contemplating your mortality? Yes No Would you say you have a lot of stress? Yes No Do you Google your symptoms regularly? Yes No How many distinct illnesses have you been convinced you had in the last three years? Zero One Two Three Four Five Six or more Do people take your pains seriously? Yes No Are you self-educated about any of these terms: glioma, globus, Crohn's, pleurisy? Yes No Have you been seriously distressed over your heartbeat, breathing, a rash, a nosebleed, or a headache, and it turned out to be nothing? Yes No Have you switched doctors because you believed your regular doc wasn't taking your complaints seriously? Yes No Do you think you have obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) when it comes to avoiding germs? Yes Maybe No When reading about a disease, does the thought that you might have some of the symptoms cross your mind? Yes No Can medical web sites cause mood swings, sometimes bringing you great relief and other times bringing depression and worry? Yes No Do you have recurring fears about cancer, AIDS, and other diseases with low cure rates? Yes No Have you been called "neurotic" or "crazy" by others over your health concerns? Yes No Do you have more aches and pains than the average person? Yes No That's it! To get your results, click the button on the right------>
msmarco_doc_00_26210000
http://4degreez.com/misc/seven_deadly_sins.html
Seven Deadly Sins Quiz - What's Your Sin?
The Seven Deadly Sins Quiz The Seven Deadly Sins Quiz
Seven Deadly Sins Quiz - What's Your Sin? The Seven Deadly Sins Quiz Your age: Your gender: Male Female 1. Check all that apply to you and your vehicle: I own a gas-powered vehicle My vehicle is a sports car, luxury car, or SUV My vehicle was bought second-hand I really want a bigger/better/faster vehicle A friend of mine has a vehicle I'm jealous of It's safe to say that I ride in style My vehicle is very fuel efficient I prefer to walk whenever possible 2. Check all that apply to your charitable nature: I give more than 15% of my earnings to charity I give between 5% and 15% of my earnings to charity I give to charity, but less than 5% of my earnings I devote several weeks or more per year doing volunteer work I devote several days per year doing volunteer work I'm always willing to lend a hand 3. Check any scenario in which you might lose your temper: A pushy salesman won't take no for an answer A dinner serving at a restaurant arrives cold A know-it-all coworker or classmate makes you look foolish Your girl/boyfriend won't stop nagging you 4. Check all that apply to you and your computer: It's the latest and greatest It's cheap or old, but gets the job done When it malfunctions, I want to smash it If you looked, you might find dirty pictures on it I spend hours on it playing games or web surfing I own several personal-use computers 5. Check any of the following that you would refrain from doing, based on your morality: Spend a lot of money on a house, car, TV, etc. Date several people at once Talk publicly about your spiritual piety Use drugs/alcohol at parties "Settle a score" with someone who wronged you 6. Check all that apply to you and your work/school: I work so hard, I barely have time to sleep I avoid work whenever possible I'll work hard but draw the line to create personal time I'm working hard now so that I'll earn a lot of money "Work hard, party hard" is my motto If I got a raise, I'd give more to charity 7. Check all that apply to you and exercise: I usually don't stick to an exercise routine I exercise to improve my health I exercise to improve my looks I exercise to be stronger in fights Gyms are good places to check out attractive people 8. Check all that apply to your love life: I hate seeing happy couples fawning over each other I am in a happy, secure relationship or marriage I am in a conflicted relationship or marriage I'd like to date but lack the motivation to pursue it People are jealous of me for my attractive significant other My current relationship is okay, but I'd like something better 9. Check all of the following that you have no moral objections to: Wearing tight or skimpy clothing Wearing flashy jewelry Buying expensive, trendy brands Relationships turning sexual in a short amount of time Sleeping past noon on weekends Throwing a punch at someone who is angering you Gambling, playing the lottery Keeping extra change when a cashier gives back too much 10. Check all that apply to you and eating: I eat out most days I eat out 1 to 3 days a week I eat a lot of packaged, processed, or fast foods I support brands/restaurants that are humane and environmentally-friendly I grow/raise some of my own food 11. Check all of the following that would annoy you: A low-income housing project is built nearby A coworker gets a larger year-end bonus than you A parent or significant other asks you to do some chores that he/she usually does Knowing you have to apologize for something you did When people won't do what you want them to do Being on a no-frills camping trip My significant other glancing at other guys/girls Someone saying "a stronger person walks away from a fight" 12. Which of these have you done in the last year?: Cheated on someone Lied to make yourself look good Treated someone badly, because you were jealous of him/her Stolen something Slept with more than one person (not at the same time) Broken something, out of anger
msmarco_doc_00_26212674
http://4devolution.info/
4Devolution
Evolving Democracy Evolving Democracy Is democracy dead? OZ & NZ Webinars on Democracy The Dimensions of Democracy
4Devolution Evolving Democracy Welcome to this website about democracy. Here you will learn cutting edge ideas about how society can change for the better. I hope it will entertain and inform you! Is democracy dead? This is a podcast between Joanne Cotterill and Vittorio Cintio discussing changing how Democracy, Social Work and Community Development are connected. OZ & NZ Read about the organisations in Australia and NZ that are working towards evolving democracy and why they are doing it ... Read More Webinars on Democracy The Dimensions of Democracy
msmarco_doc_00_26216928
http://4dimres.com/trends.html
Market Trends Commercial Real Estate Vacancy Rate Overview Washington, DC, Maryland, and Northern Virginia Office Vacancy rates in Montgomery County and Northern Virginia have remained in the 15% range over the past 5+ years. Those markets that are served by Metrorail stations have seen the bulk of the leasing activity. Markets such a Bethesda and the White Flint Corridor in Montgomery County, and Tysons Corner and Reston in Northern Virginia, have been the big winners with Metrocentric development. These markets are seeing office vacancy rates under 10%, while non-Metrorail markets are seeing vacancy rates of 20%-30%+. While development of new office buildings continues in Washington, D.C. the strong level of leasing activity has allowed the vacancy rates to remain in the 10%-12%. As DC continues to see re-gentrification occurring in neighborhoods throughout the City, more businesses are finding DC to be a great place for employees to work. Redevelopment projects have brought an incredible assortment of restaurants, retailers, and residential options, as well as brand new office buildings. DC is now a 24/7 location attracting a demographic that includes millennials, empty nesters, and all others in between. The next phase of redevelopment will be renovation and/or repurposing of older office buildings. Flex and Warehouse Vacancy in Montgomery Co. and Northern Virginia have seen a slight reduction in vacancy rates. The flex/industrial market in both areas has dropped to 10%, down from 15% in early 2014. Quality warehouse space is becoming harder to find in Montgomery County and NoVa as the cost of land has made the construction of new warehouse properties cost ineffective, and putting a cap on available space. Rents for warehouse space here have increased over the last 5 years from $7-$9 psf NNN to $12+ psf NNN. Many warehouse tenants have started looking in Howard and Prince George’s counties in MD for less expensive quality warehouse options. Flex properties remain an excellent option for suburban based tenants looking for less expensive office space. Quality Retail Vacancy space across the DC area is rarely available. Most of the larger chunks of vacancy are in the older centers. Rents for newer retail properties in high traffic areas are in the $50-$80+ psf NNN with some locations seeing rents $100+ psf. As Etail continues to grab a higher share of purchases made by consumers, retail tenants are finding it difficult to justify rental costs for storefront retail. Some of the big box retailers and larger grocery store chains are considering significant downsizing and redesign in which grocery type stores will only sell perishable goods (meats, fish, vegetable, dairy) and all non-perishable products will be purchased online and delivered to the home. Clothing and home goods based retailers will carry samples or demos of items, but most purchases will be online. The Etail market is slowly eliminating the Mom & Pop and local retailers. Unless they are selling a very unique product, they cannot compete with the online based retailers or generate the revenues to support current rents. Look for more restaurants and service based business at your local shopping areas and get used to buying your clothes and most everything else online. Baltimore The Baltimore area commercial real estate market is typically very constant. Anne Arundel, Howard, Baltimore, and Harford counties, and Baltimore City has remained at approx 11% since 2012 with very little fluctuation in rental rates. In many cases rentals rates at most office and flex properties in the Baltimore area are the same today as they were 20 years ago. The entire office property market for Baltimore consists of approx 190M sf, while the entire DC market includes over 500M sf. The Baltimore area does not offer a coordinated suburban alternate transportation option like the Metrorail in the DC area, but there are local bus systems that offer a form of transportation to those employees that prefer not to drive. Like the DC market, office developments that are located near strong amenity bases are much more desirable and are experiencing lower vacancy rates. Those office and flex properties that do not offer easy access to amenities are trying to compensate with lower rental rates and larger incentive packages, but vacancy rates in these projects are more than double that of properties with better access to amenities. Like the DC area, the retail real estate market in Baltimore is very strong. The current vacancy rate is just over 5% like DC, but rents top out in the $60 psf range at the higher end retail locations – well below the premiums in the DC market. However, as noted in the DC summary, a major change in the retail real estate market may be on the horizon. Baltimore offers a lot more variety in the warehouse sector. Baltimore’s industrial market consists of more than 180M sf that includes an abundance of large distribution warehouse and small bay warehouse properties for tenants to consider. The DC area has a total inventory of approx 163M sf, primarily consisting of small bay warehouse options. Warehouse rents in the Baltimore area are typically more affordable, ranging $1.75 psf-$5 psf for distribution warehouse and $6-$9 psf for small bay locations. SBA Loan Allows 90% Financing of Commercial Property Recent revisions in SBA loan program allow small businesses to use refinancing of real estate to fund expansion The U.S. Small Business Administration's (SBA) 504 Certified Development Company lending program can now be used to finance the purchase of owner-occupied commercial real estate (CRE). Eligible businesses can borrow up to 90% of purchase price plus construction costs associated with the construction of a new building or renovation of an existing property. In some circumstances, the financing can include equipment and/or machinery. Full details of this program's new features can be found in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. This news is a welcome development for business owners looking for alternatives to help stabilize occupancy costs. The 504 loan structure also allows for the refinancing of existing owner-occupied properties. Depending on the loan-to-value ratio, this program allows businesses to borrow additional funds to be used for business expansion. Back to top
msmarco_doc_00_26217739
http://4dmv.com/ca_dmvofficenservices_locations_&_hours.php?state=California
Ca Dmv Hours And Locations For Local California Dmv Offices For nearby CA locations to DMV offices or for the most up-to-date DMV hours of operation, peruse our list of available resources. Obtaining the correct locations DMV InfoSearch DMV LocationsCompare Car InsuranceCheck Your Driving RecordDMV News Choose your stateAlabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming US Map x Home Reports & Records Driving Records Employee Driving Records Vehicle History Reports Suspended License Background Checks Credit Scores and Reports Criminal Records Registration & Titling Buying And Selling Special Vehicles Dmv Office And Services Resources And Publications Titles Personalized Plates Register Vehicle Registration And Plates Address Change Replace Registration Renew Registration License Plates & Placards Inspections Smog & Emissions Relocation Find A Moving Company New To Your State Car Registration Locations & Hours Change Of Address Safety Laws Auto Transport Connect Utilities Real Estate Apartment Rentals Applying For A New License Identification Cards Voter Registration Buying & Selling Automotive Forums Auto Loan Auto Warranty Bill Of Sale Buying And Selling Faqs Dealers And Auto Industry Lemon Law Selling Your Car State Regulations Tax And Tag Calculator Used Car Buying Guide New Car Buying Guide Vin Record History Equipment & Technology Learning Center Auto Repair And Service Driver's License And Id New Renewals And Duplicates Driver Types Resources & Publications Dmv Office & Services Drivers Over 18 New Drivers Under 18 Background Checks Employee Driving Records Tickets Points & Fines Traffic Schools Dui & Dwi Suspended License Lemon Law Credit Scores And Reports Criminal Records Driving Records Vehicle History Reports Tickets And Violations Warrants Accident Guide Driving Records Dui & Dwi Suspended License Traffic Tickets Traffic Schools Driver Handbook Insurance Defensive Driving Dmv Point System Laws & Attorneys Forms And Publications Bill Of Sale Driving Manuals Forms Manuals And Handbooks Motorcycle REGISTRATION & TITLING BUYING AND SELLINGSPECIAL VEHICLESDMV OFFICE AND SERVICESRESOURCES AND PUBLICATIONSTITLESPERSONALIZED PLATESREGISTER VEHICLEREGISTRATION AND PLATESADDRESS CHANGEREPLACE REGISTRATIONRENEW REGISTRATIONLICENSE PLATES & PLACARDSINSPECTIONS SMOG & EMISSIONS RELOCATION FIND A MOVING COMPANYNEW TO YOUR STATECAR REGISTRATIONLOCATIONS & HOURSCHANGE OF ADDRESSSAFETY LAWSAUTO TRANSPORTCONNECT UTILITIESREAL ESTATEAPARTMENT RENTALSAPPLYING FOR A NEW LICENSEIDENTIFICATION CARDSVOTER REGISTRATION BUYING & SELLING AUTOMOTIVE FORUMSAUTO LOANAUTO WARRANTYBILL OF SALEBUYING AND SELLING FAQSDEALERS AND AUTO INDUSTRYLEMON LAWSELLING YOUR CARSTATE REGULATIONSTAX AND TAG CALCULATORUSED CAR BUYING GUIDENEW CAR BUYING GUIDEVIN RECORD HISTORYEQUIPMENT & TECHNOLOGYLEARNING CENTERAUTO REPAIR AND SERVICE DRIVER'S LICENSE AND ID NEW RENEWALS AND DUPLICATESDRIVER TYPESRESOURCES & PUBLICATIONSDMV OFFICE & SERVICESDRIVERS OVER 18NEW DRIVERS UNDER 18BACKGROUND CHECKSEMPLOYEE DRIVING RECORDSTICKETS POINTS & FINESTRAFFIC SCHOOLSDUI & DWISUSPENDED LICENSELEMON LAWCREDIT SCORES AND REPORTSCRIMINAL RECORDSDRIVING RECORDSVEHICLE HISTORY REPORTS TICKETS AND VIOLATIONS WARRANTSACCIDENT GUIDEDRIVING RECORDSDUI & DWISUSPENDED LICENSETRAFFIC TICKETSTRAFFIC SCHOOLSDRIVER HANDBOOKINSURANCEDEFENSIVE DRIVINGDMV POINT SYSTEMLAWS & ATTORNEYS FORMS AND PUBLICATIONS BILL OF SALEDRIVING MANUALSFORMSMANUALS AND HANDBOOKSMOTORCYCLE Home/REGISTRATION & TITLING/DMV OFFICE AND SERVICES/Locations & Hours Locations & Hours CA DMV LOCATIONS & HOURS For nearby CA locations to DMV offices or for the most up-to-date DMV hours of operation, peruse our list of available resources. Obtaining the correct locations for DMV offices and learning up-to-date DMV hours is important. Without this knowledge, provided by 4DMV.com, you could lose time and energy at the California DMV. In order to travel California state roads, you must keep up with vehicle registration, titling information and more -- which is why it is up to you to gain the knowledge necessary to complete your services in the shortest amount of time. 4DMV.com can help. Schedule Your California DMV Appointment: Learn the DMV Hours No matter which service you require at the California DMV, we recommend checking the DMV hours of operation and setting an appointment. If possible, check to see if the services you seek are available online, which will allow you to skip the visit to the office altogether, saving you from having to research nearby locations of DMV offices. A website entitled “DMV Any Time,” will help you determine which online services are available and how to receive these services either online or via telephone. If you find that the California DMV services you need aren’t offered online or by phone, or that you aren’t able to mail in the paperwork from home, you will need to schedule an appointment within the available DMV hours of operation to ensure that you don’t have to wait in line. The appointment will ultimately allow you to access services you require in a shorter amount of time. To schedule an appointment by phone, call 1-800-777-0133 for single service appointments or 1-800-921-1117 for multiple service appointments. This number provides automated assistance; however, you will not be able to schedule a Class C driving exam or a motorcycle exam through this number. For these services, you will need to use the online appointment scheduler or the alternate DMV phone number. Reasons to Make an Appointment at the California DMV There are many services that may require you to report to local California DMV locations, as they cannot be completed online or by mail. Additionally, some may prefer completing important processes in person, at as it ensures a better understanding as well as comprehensive assistance with your inquiries, including: Applying for your California license or ID Completing non-commercial road exams First-time titling and registration for your vehicle Obtaining California state moving permits Vehicle inspection of salvage, junked, and custom-build vehicles To find out what other tasks you may need to perform at locations of DMV offices, visit the California official Department of Motor Vehicles Appointment FAQ page. Check the relevant DMV hours of operation and set your appointment in advance, as most DMVs do not allow same day appointments. Additionally, you must limit your appointment scheduling to no more than 45 days in advance. Local California DMV Hours of Operation California DMV hours of operation vary throughout each county; however, the standard timeframe is typically Monday, Tuesday, Thursday and Friday from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. pacific time, as well as Wednesday from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. pacific time. Contacting the California DMV and setting schedules should be done within this time frame. While there are automated phone services available 24 hours a day, you must call within the DMV hours of operation to speak to a live representative. If you require assistance, we recommend calling the live number at 1-800-777-0133 to speak to a representative for comprehensive answers to any questions or for direction to appropriate services. Many California DMVs will be closed during numerous holidays. You can check to see which locations of DMV offices will be closed by visiting Holidays in 2012. The webpage is updated annually to ensure that you receive the latest and most updated information about DMV hours and days of operation. DMV Any Time offers 24/7 phone or internet services which can be accessed at home, allowing you to forgo an in-person appointment or a lengthy visit to locations of DMV branch offices. Not all DMV services are offered online, phone or via mail, and you can learn about which services are offered through specific means by visiting DMV Anytime Finding the Right California Locations for DMV Offices There are several DMV offices located throughout the state of California, and you must report or conduct transactions through the appropriate county DMV office, which will greatly expedite your requests. Below are several resources you can visit in order to determine the most relevant locations of DMV offices near you: Visit DMV Public Offices by Location for a directory of field office locations by county. Visit for a Regional California DMV map. Visit for locations of DMV field offices that administer CDL road tests. Currently, there are 15 California locations of DMV driver safety offices that can be utilized to file requests for administrative hearing procedures and departmental re-examination. Visit for a directory of California DMV driver safety officesin order to find one closest to you. If you are in need of services for an occupational license, you will need to make an appointment with the occupational licensing inspector. Reference the DMV hours of operation, as the inspector will only be available Monday through Thursday between 9 a.m. and 12 p.m. pacific time, and Tuesday and Friday between 1 p.m. and 4 p.m., with no public access on Wednesday without an appointment. To make an appointment or to find nearby locations of a DMV driver safety office. If you need to find or make an appointment, please visit any of the California DMV service centers, Make an appointment, find the appropriate numbers and learn about the DMV hours of operation to expedite your time at the DMV. Find Your Local Office Other Related Pages PERSONALIZED PLATES REGISTER VEHICLE REPLACE REGISTRATION RENEW REGISTRATION REGISTRATION AND PLATES ADDRESS CHANGE LICENSE PLATES & PLACARDS INSPECTIONS SMOG & EMISSIONS Choose A State Your Guide To DMV Serices DMV Office Finder Compare Car Insurance Check Your Driving Record Tools Contact Us Privacy Policy Site Map Site Links Driving Record Info ID Cards Order Driving Records © 2021 4DMV.com DMV Guide. All Rights Reserved.
msmarco_doc_00_26224258
http://4dmv.com/nv_dmvofcnservice_schedule_appointment.php?state=Nevada
Make Your Nevada DMV Appointment Online: NV DMV Appt Resources
Schedule DMV Appointments in Nevada SCHEDULE APPOINTMENT Schedule DMV Appointments in Nevada Scheduling a DMV Appointment
Make Your Nevada DMV Appointment Online: NV DMV Appt Resources Home Reports & Records Driving Records Employee Driving Records Vehicle History Reports Suspended License Background Checks Credit Scores and Reports Criminal Records Registration & Titling Buying And Selling Special Vehicles Dmv Office And Services Resources And Publications Titles Personalized Plates Register Vehicle Registration And Plates Address Change Replace Registration Renew Registration License Plates & Placards Inspections Smog & Emissions Relocation Find A Moving Company New To Your State Car Registration Locations & Hours Change Of Address Safety Laws Auto Transport Connect Utilities Real Estate Apartment Rentals Applying For A New License Identification Cards Voter Registration Buying & Selling Automotive Forums Auto Loan Auto Warranty Bill Of Sale Buying And Selling Faqs Dealers And Auto Industry Lemon Law Selling Your Car State Regulations Tax And Tag Calculator Used Car Buying Guide New Car Buying Guide Vin Record History Equipment & Technology Learning Center Auto Repair And Service Driver's License And Id New Renewals And Duplicates Driver Types Resources & Publications Dmv Office & Services Drivers Over 18 New Drivers Under 18 Background Checks Employee Driving Records Tickets Points & Fines Traffic Schools Dui & Dwi Suspended License Lemon Law Credit Scores And Reports Criminal Records Driving Records Vehicle History Reports Tickets And Violations Warrants Accident Guide Driving Records Dui & Dwi Suspended License Traffic Tickets Traffic Schools Driver Handbook Insurance Defensive Driving Dmv Point System Laws & Attorneys Forms And Publications Bill Of Sale Driving Manuals Forms Manuals And Handbooks Motorcycle Home / DRIVER'S LICENSE AND ID / DMV OFFICE & SERVICES / SCHEDULE APPOINTMENT SCHEDULE APPOINTMENT Schedule DMV Appointments in Nevada Need help scheduling your Nevada DMV appointments? 4DMV.com’s user-friendly guide makes it as easy as possible to schedule a DMV appointment in NV. DMV offices can be a confusing place at times, and the official government websites can be even more confusing. Both require time to find the information you need, which can be extremely time consuming. 4DMV.com provides you with all of the information you need to schedule a DMV appointment, right here in our user-friendly guide. Scheduling a DMV Appointment There’s no reason to wait in long lines at the DMV or to sift through the government websites to schedule your DMV appt. Below is all the information you need to easily and conveniently schedule DMV appointments. Road Tests: To schedule your road test DMV appointment, call your local DMV office. For an office nearest you visit our Locations and Hours Section. CDL Road Tests: To schedule DMV appts for a CDL road test, call your local DMV office. For general information about scheduling a DMV appointment or to learn more about the requirements for a CDL road test, contact your local DMV office.
msmarco_doc_00_26234972
http://4do.se.cutestat.com/
4do : 4do.se
Web Analysis for 4do - 4do.se Web Analysis for 4do - 4do.se PageSpeed Score Siteadvisor Rating Not Applicable Traffic Report Estimated Valuation Search Engine Indexes Search Engine Backlinks Safety Information Website Ranks & Scores Web Server Information Hosted IP Address: Hosted Country: Location Latitude: Location Longitude: Page Title of 4do.se Page Resources Breakdown Homepage Links Analysis Social Engagement Website Inpage Analysis Websites Hosted on Same IP (i.e. 185.53.179.7) addlab.fi utt.ro univagro-iasi.ro ech-chaab.net ekem.gr HTTP Header Analysis Domain Information Domain Nameserver Information DNS Record Analysis Full WHOIS Lookup Comments / Ratings / Reviews / Feedbacks for 4do.se
4do : 4do.se Web Analysis for 4do - 4do.se Tweet 4.80 Rating by CuteStat 4do.se is 1 year 6 months old. It is a domain having se extension. This website is estimated worth of $ 8.95 and have a daily income of around $ 0.15. As no active threats were reported recently by users, 4do.se is SAFE to browse. Updated 7 months 2 days ago Update Stat PageSpeed Score 92 Siteadvisor Rating Not Applicable See How This Website Looks Like in the Past Check DNS and Mail Servers Health Traffic Report Daily Unique Visitors: Not Applicable Daily Pageviews: Not Applicable Estimated Valuation Income Per Day: $ 0.15 Estimated Worth: $ 8.95 Search Engine Indexes Google Indexed Pages: Not Applicable Bing Indexed Pages: Not Applicable Search Engine Backlinks Google Backlinks: 11,300,000 Bing Backlinks: Not Applicable Safety Information Google Safe Browsing: No Risk Issues Siteadvisor Rating: Not Applicable WOT Trustworthiness: Not Applicable WOT Privacy: Not Applicable WOT Child Safety: Not Applicable Website Ranks & Scores Alexa Rank: Not Applicable Domain Authority: Not Applicable Web Server Information 4do.se is Hosted on Germany Hosted IP Address: 185.53.179.7 Hosted Country: DE Location Latitude: 51.2993 Location Longitude: 9.491 Page Title of 4do.se 4do.se Page Resources Breakdown CSS (7 KB) HTML (3 KB) 28.6% 71.4% Resource Name Size CSS (7 KB) 7.28 HTML (3 KB) 2.91 HTML (3 KB) Homepage Links Analysis Total Links No-Follow Links Internal Links External Links 0.0 0.5 1.0 Link Type Total Links No-Follow Links Internal Links 0 0 External Links 1 0 No-Follow Links Social Engagement Facebook Shares: Not Applicable Facebook Likes: Not Applicable Facebook Comments: Not Applicable Website Inpage Analysis H1 Headings: Not Applicable H2 Headings: Not Applicable H3 Headings: Not Applicable H4 Headings: Not Applicable H5 Headings: Not Applicable H6 Headings: Not Applicable Total IFRAMEs: 1 Total Images: Not Applicable Google Adsense: Not Applicable Google Analytics: Not Applicable Websites Hosted on Same IP (i.e. 185.53.179.7) addlab.fi - addlab.fi Not Applicable $ 8.95 utt.ro - utt.ro Not Applicable $ 8.95 univagro-iasi.ro - univagro-iasi.ro Not Applicable $ 8.95 ech-chaab.net - ech-chaab.net 8,187,852 $ 240.00 ekem.gr - ekem.gr Not Applicable $ 8.95 HTTP Header Analysis HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx Date: Sun, 08 Dec 2019 16:34:49 GMT Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 Transfer-Encoding: chunked Connection: keep-alive Vary: Accept-Encoding X-Check: 3c12dc4d54f8e22d666785b733b0052100c53444 X-Language: english X-Template: tpl_CleanPeppermint_oneclick Content-Encoding: gzip Domain Information Domain Registrar: Web Lovers AB Registration Date: Dec 22, 2018, 12:00 AM 1 year 6 months 2 weeks ago Expiration Date: Dec 22, 2020, 12:00 AM 5 months 5 days 12 hours from now Domain Status: ok Domain Nameserver Information Host IP Address Country ns1.parkingcrew.net 13.248.158.159 United States ns2.parkingcrew.net 76.223.21.9 United States DNS Record Analysis Host Type TTL Extra 4do.se A 599 IP: 185.53.179.7 4do.se NS 3600 Target: ns1.parkingcrew.net 4do.se NS 3600 Target: ns2.parkingcrew.net 4do.se SOA 10800 MNAME: ns1.parkingcrew.net RNAME: hostmaster.4do.se Serial: 1575822000 Refresh: 28800 Retry: 7200 Expire: 604800 Minimum TTL: 86400 4do.se MX 3600 Priority: 5 Target: mail.h-email.net 4do.se TXT 3600 TXT: v=spf1 ip6:fd1b:212c:a5f9::/48 -all Full WHOIS Lookup state: active domain: 4do.se holder: BCBACUCJDN9421-1 admin-c: - tech-c: - billing-c: - created: 2018-12-22 modified: 2019-11-22 expires: 2020-12-22 nserver: ns1.parkingcrew.net nserver: ns2.parkingcrew.net dnssec: unsigned delegation registry-lock: unlocked status: ok registrar: Web Lovers AB Comments / Ratings / Reviews / Feedbacks for 4do.se If you are looking for advanced SEO keyword search tool to analyze your website rankings and top organic keywords, then visit Clear Web Stats
msmarco_doc_00_26238397
http://4dpnr.com/more-national-narrow-gauge-convention/
More National Narrow Gauge Convention – Welcome to the 4th Division
More National Narrow Gauge Convention More National Narrow Gauge Convention By Russ Segner I saw several fine layouts A new section on Model Railroading is open now in October. We got a preview.
More National Narrow Gauge Convention – Welcome to the 4th Division More National Narrow Gauge Convention October 13, 2019 Written by Russ Segner Leave a Comment By Russ Segner The recent Narrow Gauge Convention featured many very interesting things. There were great clinics, many fine layouts and several prototype attractions. There were also several award winners from our area: Greg Wright and Harry Avis of Olympia both won awards as was previously reported. Mark Allen from Roche Harbor won two 2nd Place awards; one for his module Mystic Mine and one for his Parlor Car “Cascade” Don Rose of Gig Harbor won 1st Place Motive Power Rod Locomotive a CB&Q Consolidation I saw several fine layouts Jeff Reynolds – Mears Madness is a famous HOn3 layout which has been relocated to Nevada City, CA in the hill country northeast of Sacramento. It is in it’s own 30′ x 40′ building. It is one of the largest HOn3 layouts in California. Aaron Splawn – Nighthawk Branch of the Copper River & Yukon Railroad Aaron has restored the best parts of Brian Ellerby’s famous Copper River and Yukon Sn3 layout. When we had to dismantle Brian’s layout, we were able to keep the beautiful Nighthawk scenes intact. Jimmy Booth of PBL was able to truck it to California where it is now located. It is possible that this famous layout will ultimately move to the California Railway Museum in the new Model Railroad Section. California Railway Museum This is one of the finest railway museums in the world. A major portion is dedicated to the history of the rails through the Sierra’s. Beautiful 4-4-0’s are displayed alongside one of the Southern Pacific cab forwards. A new section on Model Railroading is open now in October. We got a preview. I certainly hope many of you will get to Sacramento to visit this fine museum. Plan to spend the day viewing all the exhibits and the nearby historic Old Town. Next year, the National Narrow Gauge Convention will be in St. Louis and the Convention will be in Seattle in 2022.
msmarco_doc_00_26243360
http://4dpnr.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/DCC_Wiring.pdf
DCC Wiring – Practical Guide. Practical Guide. DCC: The Prevailing Attitude –Still !! ??? NMRA Bulletin March 2003 p 37 What This Clinic Will Cover What This Clinic Will NOT Cover: Comparison: DC Block Wiring vs. DCC Wiring DCC Wiring 14 AWG is minimum for track bus wire (except very small layouts.) DCC Wiring Basics II DCC Wiring Basics III Basic Plain Track Wiring for DCC BOOSTER Typical Wiring Arrangement – Soldered Joints Volts DC Accessory Power Wiring Arrangements – Solder less Splices Very Handy Tool Turnout Wiring Turnout Wiring Example, Isolated Frog. (Atlas “Super Track”) Turnout Wiring Example (Peco code 75 – optional wiring) To Switch Motor Contacts Turnout Wiring Example: Power Routing. (Older Shinohara type) Metal Tie-bars Tricks with Auto Lamps I Reversing Loops (+ Wyes and Turntables) I Alternative Method: Programming Track - Example Summary References
DCC Wiring – Practical Guide. DCC Wiring – Practical Guide. Max Maginness MMR, 2003-2004 April 2003 ver. 02 July 2004 ver. 03 DCC: The Prevailing Attitude –Still !! ??? NMRA Bulletin March 2003 p 37 DCC Really Is Less Complicated!! Easy, Lionel Strang, Kalmbach 2003. Much more information on much less wire! What This Clinic Will Cover Requirements and Installation of DCC Wiring Materials and tools. Basic power and track wiring Handling common track features – turnouts, reversing loops. Tricks Demonstration Module. What This Clinic Will NOT Cover: DCC Theory (except if you ask or I can’t resist.) Installing decoders in Locomotives. Programming Decoders. Competitive Equipment Comparisons Requests to wire your layout not accompanied by generous rewards. Fixing Problems if you already wired it or messed with it. (for any rewards no matter how generous). Comparison: DC Block Wiring vs. DCC Wiring Locomotive Controlled by Block Voltage and Polarity. One train per cab and block Locomotive decodes and responds only to its own address regardless of position on track. Any number of trains per booster. DCC Wiring Needed wiring: Track Power Bus Same regardless of Manufacturer Power Blocking or Districts on larger layouts Automatic Reversing Switch for Loops Programming Track Cab Bus Links multiple outlets for plug in cabs Varies depending on Manufacturer. Telephone wire commonly used. Not needed for very simple set ups (no walk-around) Accessory Power (optional but recommended) +/- 9 to 12 volts DC for turnouts, lights, signal power …… With DC cab control the maximum current in a block ~1-2 Amps. Each wiring run needs to handle just one block current. 18 AWG is ample. limited capacity of DC cab prevents high currents in a short circuit. Usually recovers fast from transient problems. Often not noticed. Short in one block will shut down just that one block and train. Rest of layout is unaffected. With DCC all the current for all the trains comes from one source through one wiring “bus” run. Minimum capacity provided is normally 5 Amps. Wiring needs to handle this current level. 14 AWG is minimum for track bus wire (except very small layouts.) An uncontrolled short has as much power as a 60 watt light bulb! For protection the booster trips out and shuts down very fast – stopping the whole layout. The fast reaction gives zero tolerance for transient short circuits that you might not notice with DC. (Some causes can be controlled e.g. in turnouts) The overall electrical resistance must be low. A short must draw the trip current momentarily to make the protection work. (“25 cent test”) For an existing DC cab control layout with no electrical problems at all you may be able to convert by using a DCC supply in place of one cab. DCC Wiring Basics II With just one large block, wiring mistakes and failures can be very hard to locate – one defect anywhere and its no go everywhere. Be very careful in wiring methods and workmanship. Leave no bare wire. Check for short circuits as you go, before the booster is connected. Simple multi- meter is fine. Select and stick with a simple color code. ( here its mostly blue and red for the rails and green for switching frog connections) Track electrical gaps are still needed but simpler to figure than with DC. 99% of all cases are covered by one set of rules. Gap any rail coming from a turnout frog. If in doubt gap both rails at this location. - Fill the gaps with solid insulating material. - Try the fancier track work (three way turnouts etc.) as they come before modifying. DCC Wiring Basics III Learn to solder well. You can make many under baseboard connections with solder-less splices, but still need to solder to the rails at least. The five basics for electrical soldering: Clean all surfaces (fresh wire surfaces, no oxide on track, no track weathering…) Clean again If any doubt clean again! Apply heat and a little rosin cored solder wire. When the initial solder runs, apply some more and stop. Keep the soldering tip clean and “tinned” Solder guns are not recommended, too hard to control the heat. Result must be smooth and shiny. Basic Plain Track Wiring for DCC 3 feet+ OK between feeds, closer on smaller code BOOSTER track. Solder rail joints between feeders and/or at least one feeder each rail length. Track Feeders less than 3 feet long 20 –24 gauge stranded Track Bus Wires: 10 gauge – 14 gauge, solid conduit wire (14 gauge more than sufficient for 100 feet run in HO.) Typical Wiring Arrangement – Soldered Joints DCC Track Power Bus Volts DC Accessory Power Tape the Joints! Secure the Tape! Finding stray connections later is very exasperating! Wiring Arrangements – Solder less Splices Use the Correct Size splices They are color coded: Blue = 14-16 AWG Red = 18-22 AWG Double over undersized wire All materials: Lowes etc. Very Handy Tool Automatically Adjusting Wire Stripper. About $19 at the home improvement store of your choice. Avoids wire nicks and stray strands. There are 4 track sections (blocks) but all are fed from the same Track Power Bus Turnout Wiring From: Digital Command Control. Ames et al, Allt om Hobby/NMRA; 1998 How Well do Available Turnouts meet this? What is the meaning of “DCC friendly”? Turnout Wiring Example, Isolated Frog. (Atlas “Super Track”) For Live Frog, Add Track Feeds Insulated Tie-bar Stock and Point rails electrically bonded wire to switch on turnout motor or linkage Isolated Frog Rail Gaps Turnout Wiring Example (Peco code 75 – optional wiring) Insulated Tie-bar To Switch Motor Contacts ex factory: wiring is equivalent to older Shinohara As Supplied Rail Gaps Jumpers cut These rails must be gapped and adjacent rails isolated by cutting jumpers Modified/Add rails exposed in base gap. Rails Bonded To switch on turnout motor or linkage Turnout Wiring Example: Power Routing. (Older Shinohara type) Track Feeds All Frog Rails Bonded Contact Metal Tie-bars Careful Observance of Standards Gauge Clearances is Essential! These rails must be gapped Current Limiter, 1156 Auto Bulb contacts on switch machine With electrical contacts on switch motor for better frog powering, any mistiming of point blade and contact movement causes a momentary short – but enough to trip DCC Tricks with Auto Lamps I Momentary Shorts that would just stall one train with DC can shut down the entire layout with DCC. Switch No current limiting, booster will shut down whole layout. To Switch Gaps Current Limiter 1156 Light bulb has less than 1 ohm resistance at low current, drops full 12 volts with 2.1 amps. Goof Proof Isolated Frog Turnout. This protection is suited to a smaller layout with just one booster supply. Separate boosters can be used for each section or “power district” on larger layout with more than 5-6 locos running at once. Reversing Loops (+ Wyes and Turntables) I Module flips polarity of reverse loop section to match that of main line as train starts across insulated gaps. Reacts so fast that main power station does not trip out. Alternative Method: More $$$ Good for multiple train storage loops. Complete Train Length between gaps Gaps X From: DCC Made Easy; Lionel Strang, Kalmbach , 2003; p27 slight mistake in the book! Programming Track - Example Exact arrangement can differ depending on command/booster configuration and manufacturer. Configuration variables (CV’s) can often be set “on the main” but not the initial address setting. Summary DCC wiring is different from DC blocks and cab control in consideration of wiring methods, but many of the same basic rules for electrical gaps etc. still apply. Higher currents = heavier power wiring, and overload protection must work. DCC wiring is simpler, but intolerant of sloppy workmanship and “make do” practices. Electrical joints must be soldered or properly crimped – gas tight Turnouts need certain attention for trouble free operation. Special devices drastically simplify reverse loops, wyes etc. References “DCC Made Easy”; Lionel Strang; Kalmbach 2003 “The Digitrax Big Book of DCC”; Zana Ireland ed; Digitrax, 1999 “Digital Command Control”; Stan Ames, Rutger Friberg, Ed Loizeaux; Allt om Hobby, 1998 “Easy Model Railroad Wiring”; Andy Sperandeo; Kalmbach, 1990 http://www.wiringfordcc.com/ Allan Gartner
msmarco_doc_00_26245857
http://4drecovery.org/
The 4th Dimension Recovery Center | A Recovery Community Organization for Young People
Support 4D! Event Info 4D Recovery Services 1. Peer Mentoring About Us Testimonials Are you interested in utilizing our services? Let us know how we can help you!
The 4th Dimension Recovery Center | A Recovery Community Organization for Young People If you are interested in getting a mentor, or have a client who is. Please fill out this form and a member of the 4D Staff will get back to you. Get a Mentor! 4D Recovery - Brand Video - v2 from LocalEyes Video Production on Vimeo Play Pause Play LIVE 0 00:00 05:16 Settings Enter full screen Exit full screen Click to Unmute This opens in a new window. Support 4D! Our services are made possible, in part, from donations from our community. Get Started Today! Event Info Stay tuned for up coming events supporting 4D Learn More! Our goal is to honor each young person’s recovery journey and support them in finding a pathway that suits their unique needs through peer-based support, community centers, and supportive housing. We believe that each individual is an expert on their own life and that any pathway of recovery they choose is valid. That includes methods of harm reduction and medication-assisted recovery. Our support services are founded upon a model of peer support because we know that they as just as effective as clinically delivered services. The fact that our staff are in recovery helps individuals know that they are deeply understood and that they do not have to walk this path alone. This makes our program attractive and successful, with hundreds of young people visiting our centers each day. 4D Recovery Services 4D Recovery is a peer-run organization, meaning that all of its staff identify as people in recovery. We believe that people in recovery are the best suited to direct a recovery organization because they have the lived experience of finding and sustaining their recovery. 1. Peer Mentoring As peers, we use our experiences to help inspire, motivate, and guide individuals to navigate their own recovery journeys. We believe that we are the experts in our lives and we inherently know our individual needs. 2. 4D’s Community Centers In addition to our peer-delivered services, we have three recovery community centers where hundreds of young adults can gather to attend a variety of free recovery support services in a safe, alcohol and drug-free environment. Over 600 young people attend our community centers each month. Whether you want to hang out with your friends, if you just need a place to use a computer or just catch a meeting, 4D community centers can help. Our MLK center is open 7 days/week for meetings. 3. Recovery Housing Currently, 4D has one recovery house for male-identified individuals in recovery with plans to expand to more housing in the near future. Our housing provides a safe, peer-supported, affordable, and substance-free housing opportunity. 4. Civic Engagement At 4D, we believe that the only way to overcome the substance use disorder epidemic is to be active in the community through increased civic engagement opportunities. We envision a future where systems, communities, and individuals work together to ensure all people receive the support needed to find and sustain recovery from substances. 5. Recovery Meetings At 4D we embrace all pathways to recovery, whether that’s 12-step meetings, therapy, or medication-assisted recovery. We believe that every individual is an expert in their own lives and that as such, they have the right to choose a self-directed approach to recovery that meets their needs About Us 4D Recovery — formerly 4th Dimension Recovery/4th Dimension Recovery Center — got its name from Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), the world’s largest recovery mutual-aid program. AA co-founder Bill Wilson stated that working with another alcoholic* to overcome drinking was like “being rocketed into the 4th dimension.” In 2012, 4th Dimension’s name was created by one of 4D’s founding members Devin Andrade, one of many young recovering leaders responsible for starting the nonprofit. In the early days, 4D’s primary purpose was to provide a safe environment free from drugs and alcohol where young people recovering from alcohol and substance use disorders could hang out and achieve recovery. Read More Testimonials “4D is like a home to me., a place where I can just go and be myself. I know that whatever I am going through in my life 4D will be there to support me in my recovery.” 4D Mentor Client “The coolest thing about 4D is that it supported me when I was in early recovery. I got to meet other young people that were on a similar path as me. Now, after two years, I’m working as a mentor and I get to provide the same hope, support, and connection that I received.” Adrian B. 4D Mentor “I attended 4D meetings at their first location when I was in treatment. At the time it was a huge help to have a place to go to both have fun and find support for my recovery. I still attend this events to this day and help to support the mission in any way I can.” Ryan A. Are you interested in utilizing our services? Let us know how we can help you! Email Address Full Name Phone Number Message Send Message
msmarco_doc_00_26261428
http://4emergence.com/evidence-based-practice/cognitive-behavioral-therapy
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/Franklin Reality Model | Emergence
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/Franklin Reality Model Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/Franklin Reality Model Identification and Description of Evidence-Based Practices
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/Franklin Reality Model | Emergence Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/Franklin Reality Model Identification and Description of Evidence-Based Practices Within our groups, EMERGENCE utilizes the cognitive-based Franklin Reality Model (FRM.) It teaches all persons they have a filtering system which is labeled the "belief window," and that all of us are constantly placing principles on our belief window as a function of age. Once we accept a principle, we attach rules to it. Our behavior follows our principles and as a result, our behavior generally has an easily predictable result; e.g., if I believe school is a waste of time ... then I will probably drop out. The model also includes four basic human needs: to live, to feel important, to love and be loved, and variety. There are seven "natural laws" that accompany the Franklin Reality Model: 1. If the results of your behavior do not meet your needs, there is an incorrect principle in your belief window. 2. Results take time to measure. 3. Growth is the process of changing principles on your belief window. 4. If your self-worth is dependent on anything external, you are in big trouble. 5. Addictive behavior is the result of deep and unmet needs (of the four above mentioned needs.) 6. The mind will naturally seek harmony when presented with two opposing principles. 7. When the results of your behavior do meet your needs you experience inner peace. The "laws" lay out a path to develop self-reflection, self-responsibility, delay of gratification or impulse control, self-efficacy, and self-determination, all of which counter the impulse to abuse substances. EMERGENCE counselors lead clients through the Franklin Reality Model with examples from their lives. As they practice tracing the natural outcomes of their beliefs or start from the consequences in their lives that they dislike, and trace back to the underlying belief system, they engage in a cognitive restructuring process. The next step is to choose and practice new beliefs and behaviors that can lead to desirable outcomes. Thus, the Franklin Reality Model is the foundation for cognitive-behavioral change when applied to destructive use of alcohol and/or other drugs or problem behaviors. Maladaptive beliefs are identified and replaced over time. The model is further used to strengthen engagement in other aspects of recovery such as taking responsibility to resolve legal obligations, repair of family relationships, and engagement with community recovery support networks including 12-step programs. FRM brings the key ingredients of most successful psychotherapies - the provision of education, a convincing rationale for the treatment, enhancing expectations of improvement, provision of support and encouragement, behavioral treatments - and can effectively bridge to motivational enhancement and stages of change. This model is a theoretical base within many of our treatment groups. It is where clients learn, develop and practice positive coping skills. As employed at EMERGENCE, FRM is essentially a framework in which to introduce Reality Therapy. Reality Therapy was developed by William Glasser, who holds the view that people who are behaving in inappropriate ways do not need help to find a defense for their behavior; rather, they need help to acknowledge their behavior as being inappropriate, and then learn how to act in a more logical and productive manner. Reality Therapy is an evidence-based practice. EMERGENCE employs FRM as a cognitive restructuring tool used to coach clients regarding erroneous thinking patterns (thinking errors). Cognitive Restructuring is an evidence-based practice.
msmarco_doc_00_26266926
http://4emergence.com/evidence-based-practice/moral-reconation-therapy
Moral Reconation Therapy | Emergence
Moral Reconation Therapy Moral Reconation Therapy
Moral Reconation Therapy | Emergence Moral Reconation Therapy Moral Reconation Therapy (MRT) is a systematic treatment strategy that seeks to decrease recidivism among juvenile and adult criminal offenders by increasing moral reasoning. Its cognitive-behavioral approach combines elements from a variety of psychological traditions to progressively address ego, social, moral, and positive behavioral growth. MRT takes the form of group and individual counseling using structured group exercises and prescribed homework assignments. The MRT workbook is structured around 16 objectively defined steps (units) focusing on seven basic treatment issues: confrontation of beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors; assessment of current relationships; reinforcement of positive behavior and habits; positive identity formation; enhancement of self-concept; decrease in hedonism and development of frustration tolerance; and development of higher stages of moral reasoning. Participants meet in groups once or twice weekly and can complete all steps of the MRT program in a minimum of 3 to 6 months. MRT attempts to change how drug abusers and alcoholics make decisions and judgments by raising moral reasoning as articulated in Lawrence Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development. MRT is one of the most widely implemented cognitive behavior programs, implemented in 40 states and several countries. MRT seeks to move clients from hedonistic (pleasure vs. pain) reasoning to levels where concern for social rules and others becomes important. Research on MRT has shown that as clients pass steps, moral reasoning increases in adult drug and alcohol as well as juvenile offenders. Controlled evaluations of MRT indicate that program participants have lower recidivism rates than controls. In 2005, a meta-analysis of nine published outcome studies detailed the effects of MRT on recidivism in parolees and probationers. The studies found MRT cut expected recidivism by nearly two-thirds over a time period of six months to over two years. It is designed specifically for treatment resistant clients. EMERGENCE also will provides integrated co-occurring treatment for people with substance abuse and mental health issues, and MRT is an effective component of integrated co-occurring treatment.
msmarco_doc_00_26271015
http://4ento.com/edible-insects-which-can-you-eat/
Edible Insects List – Which Insects Can You Eat? | 4ento
List of Common Edible Insects Crickets Grasshoppers Want to try some insects? Check out these delicious Insect Recipes and Recipe Books. Mealworm (also known as Tenebrio molitor) Scorpions (eg. Yellow and Black) Ants (eg. Giant Black & Queen Weaver) Other Insects Insects Eaten in the Developing World Giant Water Beetles Witchetty Grubs Termites Cicadas Silk Worms Ant Eggs (Escamoles) Wasp Eggs Bamboo Worm Want to try some insects? Check out these delicious Insect Recipes and Recipe Books.
Edible Insects List – Which Insects Can You Eat? | 4ento Edible Insects List – Which Insects Can You Eat? There are over 900 thousand documented types of insects in the world, but of course not all of them are edible or readily available. Below is a list of the most common edible insects (or bugs if you prefer) and why you should be trying them. Even if you do not believe insects are for human consumption. List of Common Edible Insects This is a small but useful list of the edible insects/bugs available as products at the moment. Crickets One of the insects leading the way in the edible insect movement is the cricket. They contain a reasonable amount of protein in their raw form (about 13%) but excel when it comes to powders and flour with nearly 70%. Because of this fact, cricket powder and flour based products are being produced in quite a variety with such options as: milled whole cricket powder from All Things Bugs crickets and cricket powder from Aspire cricket based baked goods from Bitty Foods chirps cricket chips from Six Foods cricket flour protein bars from Exo Protein the original cricket bar from Chapul Grasshoppers Grasshoppers are one of the most commonly eaten insects around. And in places like Mexico, where they are considered a delicacy and more expensive than other meats. they are eaten with gusto. In fact, grasshoppers are incredibly high in protein with some species in Mexico (the Orthoptera) having up to 77% protein, which is far higher than most other meats on the market. There are also a lot of products on the market at the moment containing grasshoppers such as: flavored grasshoppers from Jimini’s grasshoppers from DeliBugs other grasshopper products from Grub Want to try some insects? Check out these delicious Insect Recipes and Recipe Books. Mealworm (also known as Tenebrio molitor) This is another commonly seen insect in the edible category, with the actual larva being used in most cases, not the worm itself. In fact the mealworm is actually a Mealworm Beetle or Darkling Beetle (scientific name Tenebrio Molitor). And they are quite easy to raise and are also very high in protein ( approximately 20% by weight). Although you can eat the mealworm whole, the larva is often used and placed in such dishes as pasta. Here are some of the variants around: raw mealworms from Grub pasta from Goffard Sisters flavored mealworms from Jimini’s raw mealworms from Micronutris variety of mealworm snacks from Bush Grub mealworm flour from Next Millennium Farms toffee mealworms from Don Bugito burgers and nuggets from Damhert Scorpions (eg. Yellow and Black) Not something you would normally consider eating, some species of scorpion have been seen on the edible insect market. They are more of a novelty than the others mentioned above, but are still readily available: edible black scorpions from Insectéo as candy from HotLix in raw form from Sexy Food & DeliBugs Ants (eg. Giant Black & Queen Weaver) Also less common, but still available on the market are a variety of Ants: as candy from Delibugs & Sexy Food dried queen weaver ants from Insectèo Other Insects There are also a range of other raw insects available from a variety of producers such as: Giant Waterbugs Locusts Rhino Beetles Sago & Super Worms Insects Eaten in the Developing World There is also a huge range of insects that are being eaten on a daily basis in the developing world. Important: Don’t try raw insects at home! We always recommend to cook insects before eating them. Many of these are eaten raw or cooked, but in the most cases unprocessed. People in these countries are used to eating them in their diet and do not need convincing like we do. Here are some of the common insects you will find if you ever travel to these countries. Giant Water Beetles Considered a cheap treat in Thailand. giant water beetles are usually friend and apparently taste like scallops (at a fraction of the price I am guessing)> Witchetty Grubs Commonly known as something sustains the Aborigines in Australia, witchetty grubs are a wood-eating moth or beetle larvae found in the deserts. Termites These are eaten in parts of Africa as well as some other continents around the world. These can grow to over 3 inches and are very high in protein, so no wonder they are popular for the locals. Cicadas Cicadas are a highly nutritious treat that are sometimes called the “shrimp of the land”. Previously eaten by Native Americans, they are also consumed by a variety of other cultures. Silk Worms Something we assume is just used to make silk, the silk worm is also regularly consumed. They are also high in nutrients such as fat and protein, they also contain plenty of calcium, magnesium, and B vitamins. Ant Eggs (Escamoles) Mexicans seem to be fond of insect eating with not only the crickets hand harvested from crops but also their own form of caviar! Escalmoles are very common in Mexico and can even be found in your Taco, if you are not careful! Wasp Eggs The Japanese consider these to be a bit of a delicacy, so if you are ever in the neighborhood, try them out. Bamboo Worm Very common in many parts of South East Asia, the bamboo worm are often likened to potato chips in taste. The above is only a list of the most common edible insects. If you have any other examples you think we should add, feel free to get in touch Want to try some insects? Check out these delicious Insect Recipes and Recipe Books.
msmarco_doc_00_26273547
http://4f76d818da408bb189a4-8618b06b40f31494140c01b0d4572d23.r39.cf2.rackcdn.com/uploaded/h/0e8129381_1544013992_hope-candlelayout2.pdf
O Israel, hope in the Lord! For with the Lord there is steadfast love, and with him is plentiful redemption. Psalm 130:7 O Israel, hope in the Lord! For with the Lord there is steadfast love, and with him is plentiful redemption. Psalm 130:7 Advent 2018 Southeastern District, LCMS #SEDLutheran #SEDadvent2018 Advent, from the Latin word adventus meaning arrival, is the 4-week period before Christmas. An Advent wreath symbolizes the passage of these four weeks with a candle for each week and includes a fifth candle, lit on Christmas Day. Each candle represents an aspect of the spiritual preparation for the celebration of the birth of our Lord, Jesus Christ. Each candle reminds us of the virtues Jesus brings us: Hope, Love, Joy and Peace, the fifth candle is the Christ candle. The first candle is HOPE - We can have hope because God is faithful and will keep the promises made to us. Our hope comes from God! “And again, Isaiah says, ‘The Root of Jesse will spring up, one who will arise to rule over the nations; the Gentiles will hope in him.’ May the God of hope fill you with all joy and peace as you trust in him, so that you may overflow with hope by the power of the Holy Spirit.” ~ Romans 15:12-13 Title hope candle_Layout 1 Author Sirpa Quinn Created Date 12/4/2018 7:21:04 PM
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Classroom Management
Classroom Management Classroom Management Issues / Solution Suggestions Table Setting the Classroom Atmosphere Managing Tempo and Time Making a Connection Between Faculty and Students: Making Connections: Student-to-Student Helping Students Learn to Be College Students
Classroom Management Classroom Management by Lisa Rodriguez, Ph.D. Elements of classroom management vary. In researching this topic, it is clear that a common understanding for the term management might be useful. For this purpose, management refers to issues of supervision, refereeing, facilitating, and even academic discipline. Not all student behaviors require intervention or confrontation while some are serious enough in nature to warrant formal disciplinary action. Rest assured that while there are current studies in higher education literature that suggest a growing trend of rudeness and even overt animosity towards faculty by students, the vast majority of classroom experiences are not dramatic. Since many professors teach for years without encountering some of the management instances we discuss here, our intent is to move beyond identification of classroom problems to suggest preventative strategies and practical solutions. For some faculty, teaching comes quite naturally and the notion of management in the classroom is irrelevant. But situations within the classroom do occasionally occur that lead us to seek out advice in order to maintain the learning environment for students not to mention our personal sanity. Typical classroom management topics are listed in faculty handbooks to reflect pragmatic concerns such as policies on classroom breaks, adds and drops, disruptive and dangerous students, emergency procedures including weapons and drugs in the classroom, location of phones, etc. Keeping essential records is a component of this topic and is addressed in the previous Read section. A rule of thumb for faculty is to keep current on policies regarding student and faculty interactions as well as the role of your teaching assistants, if you have one. Know your college and state policy on student conduct. As a new faculty member, I was terrified that I would not know how to handle students who were older than I. I wanted very much to hear "for instances" from other faculty. Serendipitously, our campus Staff Learning Department instituted an online discussion forum where faculty could seek collective advice on issues of classroom management. Your campus may use the services of the 4faculty discussion forums. If your campus doesn’t utilize the 4faculty system, you might encourage them to do so or ask if you might work with your Professional Development Office or Information Technology to establish this valuable communication forum on your campus. Some common conduct issues identified by Gerald Amada in his research for Coping With Misconduct in the College Classroom (1999) are listed in the table below. In discussing what constitutes problematic classroom behaviors with colleagues, I have decided to add to Dr. Amada’s list. While his approach does not necessarily align with learner-centered teaching, his work does cover many sticky issues of navigating the uncomfortable situations that occur from time to time and suggests several strategies for working with student services and other administrators to remedy situations. Issues / Solution Suggestions Table Issue Solution 1. Undermining the instructor’s authority This is tricky as it speaks to "attitude." A student might belittle the instructor or engage in a battle of the wills. This student would need to be privately told that their attitude was confrontational and asked how this might be resolved mutually. "Be careful not to read most questions about content, interpretation, or assignments as a challenge of authority. Acting as it they are not, even when you suspect they are, can convey a sense of confidence and control. Sometimes merely assuring the student, while smiling, that you have indeed reflected on this issue at length and that they too will understand soon why the information or the assignment is valuable diffuses the situation. You may even want to encourage them to ask the question again at a later date if necessary." 2. Leaving class too frequently Camps are divided as to whether or not students should ask for permission to leave for bathroom breaks or wait for a break in the class. I don’t require my students to limit their bathroom breaks or ask permission, however, this is contentious for some faculty when breaks are taken too frequently. You might privately ask the student if everything is OK so that they know that you are concerned by their behavior. Don’t assume disrespect – it might be a bladder infection or some other physical problem. 3. "Spacing Out" or Sitting With Back to Instructor If this is a repeated problem, students need to know that their non-verbal behavior is perceived as disinterest. You might ask them after class if they need a more comfortable seat. Some students are extremely shy and it might take half of the semester before they open up enough to make sustained eye contact or face the instructor completely. Remember also that sustained eye contact is a culturally dictated practice that might not be feasible for some students. 4. Poor hygiene (possible cultural considerations) Poor hygiene, too much perfume, cigarette odor or other strong odors can be distracting or even nauseating to students. The cause for the odor might be culturally based in bathing preferences between cultures. This can be a real problem for some faculty while others will never encounter the dilemma. I suggest letting the offending student know that in close quarters, some students have issues with strong smell. It might be suggested that for the course (not their outside of class lives) that the odor be masked in some way. 5. Verbal or physical threats Verbal or physical threats are serious matters. They are discussed in detail by experts in the field in "Handling Crisis." As a general rule consult professional experts for assistance immediately. 6. Gum, Food, Pagers, and Cell Phone Disruption If decided upon by class, consequences for breaking this policy might range from the loss of participation points to the offender having to present on a topic of interest to the class. Some instructors allow pagers and cells to be on the vibrate setting as long as they are attended to at the break rather than used when it interrupts the class. Instructors need to abide by this rule as well and allow for at least one mistake per student as accidents do happen from oversight. The idea here is to prevent habitual disruption from gum popping and phones ringing. 7. Monopolizing Discussions This is common but manageable. Many students are excited and talkative so it might be good to give them a few class periods to settle in. However, if it’s evident right away that this is a trend, it’s best to ask them to stay after class. You might approach them initially by saying that you are pleased with the amount of enthusiasm they have for discussion but were hoping that they have suggestions for getting the other class members equally involved. The student will most likely get your drift with minimal humiliation. 8. Sleeping in class Sleeping in class is usually considered rude. Most faculty believe it should not be tolerated and is best curbed up front by waking a sleeping student and asking them to step outside with you. Once there faculty often tell students that it’s best for the rest of the class if they return when they are awake enough to be an active participant. This occurs from time to time and you obviously are the one to choose lenience or punitive action. If it’s one of your more regularly involved students, perhaps give them an option of an extra credit research assignment they can bring to your next class period covering the subject matter they missed while they were sleeping. An alternative approach is to assume that the student does not feel well, was up most of the night with a sick child, or has some other condition that results in sleepiness when still for long periods of time. You might simply choose to wake the student and ask them if they are feeling alright. To pull this off you need to approach it with true concern for the student's health and well being. Most of the time, student's are so embarrased and so appreciative of your genuine concern that they don't let it happen again. Encourage students to actively participate, take notes (explain that this is helpful to their learning as it stimulates memory in the brain) and in particularly long classes break up the session with activities or paired conversations about a topic to ensure that students stay engaged. Students don't learn much from listening, so remember that the more they "experience" the learning process the more you are really teaching. 9. Repeated Tardiness: There should be clear parameters set around this issue up front – either in your syllabus or in the class decided norms. Stick to your guns on the policy. Some fair policies might include 3 tardies equals one abs ence. It might be best to discuss this with students individually; some are habitually late because they are dependant on bus routes or other drivers for transportation to school. 10. Refusal to Participate or Speak We cannot force students to speak in class nor participate in group projects. This can be addressed and become a win-win situation by either giving the student alternative options to verbal participation (unless it’s a speech class) or simply carefully coaxing some response out of them and praising whatever minimal effort you receive from them. Remember, some students are terrified to be in a class setting –especially if there are round tables rather than desks – allowing for little anonymity. 11. Sexual Innuendo, Flirting, or Other Inappropriate Suggestion This behavior should be curbed as soon as it occurs. It’s never comfortable to tell a student that they aren’t being appropriate and if you are uncomfortable, a short, positive e-mail or phone call might suffice. Your response should be not judgmental and you might discuss it with your department chair or faculty mentor before broaching it with your student. 12. Sharing/Copying Work In some cultures, students work together to produce homework. It may come as a shock to these students that they cannot submit identical work. This may also come as a surprise to couples, parent-child, siblings, or close friends. Be careful to give thought to how you will handle this before you encounter it and react as if it were intentional cheating. This can also occur when the class does a great deal of group work. Make sure you are clear about what is individual vs. group work in your assignments. 13. Plagiarism or Lying Depending upon the class and the student’s prior knowledge of what plagiarism entails, some faculty issue an automatic F for the first instance, then expulsion from the class with a report to the department chair and division dean on a second instance. Most colleges have specific policies. Be sure to know you college policy before taking action. Plagiarism should be outlined in your syllabus with a reference for students to the college catalog for more information. 14. Too Much Chit Chat Give 2-minute chat times for groups or before class begins let them know that you have material to be covered and that their talking isn’t helping you achieve your goals for the class. Know too that some students occasionally translate a word or phrase to a tablemate who might not have as strong an understanding of English, be patient and observant when curbing this behavior. 15. Disrespectful Behavior The reality is that sometimes students just plain won’t like you. You will find yourself in a conversation with yourself about why they don’t like you and treat you with disrespect. Animosity will perpetuate itself so remember your role and look for a way to positively invite the student to engage more deeply in the class. Perhaps offer them a special task based on a self-disclosed talent; for instance, a student whose hobby is Origami (Japanese paper folding) might lead a lesson on the art of following instructions. Printable version of this table ( solutionstable.pdf ) A few notes on confronting the behaviors listed above: Avoid calling a student to the carpet publicly. This can be humiliating and break down respect and the sense of a safe environment that students need in the classroom. Start with a positive statement if possible: for example, if a student is monopolizing class discussion, you might start by saying, "I’m really pleased that you take such an interest in discussions and have a lot to share. But I was wondering if you might have suggestions to help others get equally involved?" Document incidents that you feel might continue or are egregious enough to warrant a paper trail. Keep in mind that your dean will likely suggest you take a graduated approach: verbal warning, written warning, meeting with the dean, etc. Remember that you were once a student. Think before you act. Take a deep breath if necessary before saying or doing anything you might later regret. Setting the Classroom Atmosphere You may wish to revisit and reflect upon the importance of the first day of class. A successful first day and week often contributes to a semester free of classroom management problems. Setting ground rules, as discussed in Module 4, can be particularly helpful. Managing Tempo and Time I f you have an early morning, after lunch, or after dinner class time, you might notice some problems with rhythm and attentiveness. You might start these classes with brainteasers or wake up exercises that get students ready to focus. Being aware of circadian rhythm might save you some frustration in getting used to timing issues with your class. New instructors often become surprised by how even the best-laid lesson plans go awry. It is often the case that students will lead the discussion off topic and the instructor, pleased to have such lively interaction, will not be able to bring the class back on track. As mentioned in Making a Good First Impression, a handy practice is to have key phrases pre-planned to bring class back to topic such as "time to come together now, please wrap it up in 2 minutes." Some classrooms don’t have clocks where faculty can see them, so as is practiced in Toastmasters (the professional speaking organization) it might be useful to select a timekeeper whose function it is to notify you when discussion time is up and transition is needed. I often write a reminder to the class not to let me get off track or talk past a certain time amount when we have a good amount of material to be covered or group activities planned. With this reminder written on the board under the daily agenda, students aren’t as hesitant to let me know that while they are fascinated by my words, I have exceeded a self-imposed limit. Taking this a bit further, the act of student input into the pacing of the class adds to a sense of empowerment and lessens the sense that they are powerless to mood or whims of the instructor. Finally, if you have taken the advice to audio or video tape your instruction but still find that you are prone to tangents, you might bring a kitchen timer with a soft bell to keep track of time limits on lecturing or group projects. This is especially helpful with question and answer times following student presentations. With limited time allotted to groups or individuals to present, a timer can serve to maintain the sense of fairness. Making a Connection Between Faculty and Students: Students can feel disconnected and disoriented in a new class. Returning students might feel self-conscious about their age and out of place returning to school while younger students might bring emotional remnants of negative high school experiences with them to their first college classroom. Breaking the ice is essential in establishing this connection. In Planning for the First Day of Class, you found solid advice for the first day of class. Some ideas for lessening the tensions that might exist from lack of familiarity include: Know your philosophy regarding education and tell your students what it is. This can be an enlightening experience for them to realize that you consider your career to be deeper in meaning beyond merely collecting a paycheck. Take digital photos (with permission) of the class to let them know that you value them and want know their names and faces as soon as possible. Other options are name tents in on their desk, or practice as a group with name memory tricks. Harry Lorraine is a memory expert whose video " Memory Power " teaches name and face recognition tricks. There is also ample information available on the Internet for getting students names learned quickly. Present a visual depiction of your life such as a Power Point that contains family photos, pictures of a pet, a mission statement, examples of artwork, hobbies, short biographical sketch, etc. Allow students to ask questions within your comfort zone. I have found this to be a useful introduction to technology in presentations as well as breaking down student-perceived barriers. See Sample Share an instance when you struggled as a student and how you dealt with it. Share your memories of your best and your worst instructors when you were a student. Let them know that you are evolving as an instructor and hope to develop into one that learns to meet student’s expectations. Distribute a questionnaire. I usually distribute a single-page (confidentially and with a clear statement that the decision to not answer the questions does not constitute lack of participation) for students’ e-mail address, phone number, age, number of children, hobbies, favorite books, expectations about the class, favorite movies, music, number of hours worked, special information that would help them succeed in the class, favorite subject in high school, plan of study, and more. Answers to the questionnaire are later discussed with the class in terms of averages and areas of interest. Often students make connections with each other when they hear commonalties. Let the students know what you want them to call you. "Miss," "Mr.," "Mrs.," "Ms.," "First Name," "Professor," or "Dr." are the choices most commonly agreed upon. Remember, some students will not feel comfortable being required to call you by your first name based on cultural background or prior educational experience, so it’s recommended that they are not forced to do so. Conversely, be aware that some students interpret the informality of being on a first name basis or the discovery of commonalties as permission to try to bend boundaries or challenge standards. There is much to be gained from balancing friendliness with expectations. Announce your boundaries for communication. Be it e-mail or talking after class, let them know what you will and will not accept. Tell students that you want to have outside of class communications but you need a certain amount of time for replies and need courtesy in communication. For example, I give a separate e-mail address to my students than my home address and let them know that they may not Spam me, add me to chain e-mail lists, send me unsolicited or unidentified attachments, nor add me to their instant message buddy lists without prior permission. Additionally, let them know that you want to be equitable in sharing your office hours with others students, so they might be asked to come to office hours with concrete questions or concerns. Walk your talk: give students a list of things and behaviors they can expect from you. If you agree to give assignments back graded within one week, do so. Avoid contradicting yourself or appearing indecisive. Model the behaviors you expect of your students. Allow students to form a list of expectations they have for you, the instructor. This can serve to empower students as well as provide a forum to discuss what their fears, concerns, expectations, and needs as students really are. This activity will most likely aid in the classroom sense of fairness and serve to prevent later challenges to fairness and or documentation issues by students. Making Connections: Student-to-Student Research into student retention suggests that students drop out of college most frequently citing lack of connection as the key factor. With this in mind, it is good practice to pepper the first few classes of the term with connection building activities. Having established a connection amongst peers, students will be more likely to contact each other outside of class for support, ask each other for missed notes, feel safer to offer answers aloud during discussions, and ask for advice regarding other academic and personal concerns. One of the most gratifying feelings as a new faculty was to witness my students staying after class to chat informally. Some suggestions for fostering student connectedness are: Pair off or small groups of three in which students find answers to questions written on the board such as "where were you born?," "why are you taking this class?," "what kind of car do you drive?," etc. Scavenger hunts such as finding one person with 2 kids, one person who has a famous relative, one person who is born in January, 2 people who have unusual pets, etc. For more suggestions, you might consult with your staff development office for books on team building exercises or search the Internet for "ice breaker" activities. Helping Students Learn to Be College Students Distributing this list of desirable and undesirable behaviors can serve to avert management issues in that some students simply do not realize that their behavior is negative or disruptive to the instructor or to their classmates. The following table identifies some common positive and negative behaviors that provide students with a guide for managing themselves as students. You might wish to distribute this list to your class at the time you discuss your syllabus or set class norms as a group. Feel free to modify this list as needed for your students. Positive Impression Givers Negative Impression Givers Book on desk, pencil or pens ready Picking face, nose, grooming, knuckle cracking, nail filing or cleaning teeth Note taking or recording the lecture/class with permission from the instructor Heavy sighs, eye rolling Ask questions that are appropriate Laughing AT the instructor rather than WITH the class Make an effort to maintain eye contact Leaving early without letting the instructor know ahead of time Sit where you can see and be attentive Frequent tardiness or absences Submit assignments on time, ask if there is supplemental material you can explore to better complete your assignments such as video titles or other materials Distracting noises: foot tapping, nail biting, pen twirling/tapping, yawning w/o covering your mouth, mumbling, zipping up bags to indicate you want the class to end, paper tearing, paper toy making, etc. Help your classmates whenever possible Head on desk to indicate boredom Make certain you understand assignments when assigned Staring at the clock or your watch Save announcements about necessary absences for before or after class Skipping assignments and/or breaking assignment policy, handing in shoddy, unstapled, ripped out pages that show no care for the assignment Refrain from doing other course work or paying bills in class Refer to sexual situations inappropriately in assignments (unless it’s asked for in the assignment such as a human sexuality class) When using the Internet in class, stay on task rather than surfing for fun Frequently forget text and notebook Give the instructor the respect you wish to be treated with Attempt to be class clown inappropriately; a joke here and there is fine, but repetitious clowning is distracting Don’t interrupt, belittle, or put down fellow students Squinting or face making to show disapproval Keeping an open mind when issues arise you disagree with. Disagreeing with dignity. Note passing or hand signals to others Make certain you pay your fees for enrollment and get your text on the first day of class Interrupting the instructor to ask what you missed when you were absent or if you missed anything "important" Be positive with expectations of success in the course Acting as if the class or topic of discussion is irrelevant or stupid – if you really feel so, drop the class Know the instructor’s name and call them only what they prefer to be called – ask if necessary Leaving your belongings where they inconvenience others Spell the class, instructor, and assignment name correctly on all submitted work Tipping in your chair
msmarco_doc_00_26282258
http://4fi8v2446i0sw2rpq2a3fg51-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/IdentificationBooklet_web.pdf
Visual Guide to Identifying Cats Visual Guide to Identifying Cats Coat Colors Black Gray White Buff Brown Orange Tortoiseshell Calico Coat Patterns Pointed Shaded Tabby Classic Mackerel Ticked Spotted Markings Locket Tail Tip Socks Did You Know? Blaze Eye patch Tuxedo Snowshoe Van Feature Colors Eye Color Did You Know? Whiskers Noses Paw pads Unique Identifiers Eartip Ear Notch Folded Ears Polydactyl Manx Determining Sex Female Neutered Male Intact Male It’s helpful to consider other distinct features: Additional Resources:
Visual Guide to Identifying Cats Visual Guide to Identifying Cats When cats have similar colors and patterns, like two gray tabbies, it can seem impossible to tell them apart! That is, until you take note of even the smallest details in their appearance. Knowledge is power, whether you’re an animal control officer or animal shelter employee who needs to identify cats regularly, or you want to identify your own cat. This guide covers cats’ traits from their overall looks, like coat pattern, to their tiniest features, like whisker color. Let’s use our office cats as examples: Oliver (left): neutered male, shorthair, solid black, pale green eyes, black whiskers, a black nose, and black paw pads. Charles (right): neutered male, shorthair, brown mackerel tabby with spots toward his rear, yellow-green eyes, white whiskers with some black at the roots, a pink-brown nose, and black paw pads. Coat Colors Below you’ll find the most common base coat colors. Coats may be solid color or a combination of colors. Tortoiseshell and calico, while technically coat patterns, are only seen in the specific colors. Black Black is one of the most common colors. Many black cats have golden eyes. Gray Gray is a diluted black. It is often seen under tabby stripes. White Pure white cats exist, but the most common way to see white on a cat is in a bicolor pattern—patches of white with another color. Buff Buff, or tan, is a diluted orange, often accompanied by dark orange tabby stripes. Brown Solid brown cats are very rare and usually only seen in specific breeds. Brown is more commonly seen along with tabby stripes. Orange Orange, also known as red, is another very common color. About 80 percent of orange cats are male. Tortoiseshell Tortoiseshell (tortie) is a mixed blend of orange and black, or a diluted version with gray and buff. Torties are almost always female. Calico Calico is distinct patches of solid orange, black, and white, or a diluted version with buff, gray, and white. They are almost always female. Coat Patterns Patterns can appear in many colors, and cats can have multiple patterns. For example, a cat can be orange and white bicolor with tabby stripes (as seen below left). Bicolor Pointed Also called • Light-colored piebald body Always white and • Darker color on another color Can have a lot of white or very little ears, face, tail, and legs Shaded Fur is white at base and gets darker toward tips Typically seen in longhair cats Four types of tabby patterns Tabby M-shape pattern on forehead Typically striped, but there are four types Can appear in any color or pattern Classic Wide stripes in a marbled, circular pattern Mackerel Thin vertical stripes down from the back, with a dark stripe the length of the back Ticked No body stripes (individual hairs have bands of color) and thin stripes on face, legs, and tail Spotted Round spots instead of stripes Markings Markings are an important factor in identifying cats. They can present themselves in different colors and patterns, and non-white markings can also have patterns. Cats can have several markings at once. These are just a few common markings. Locket Triangular white patch on the chest Tail Tip Different color, usually white, on the tip of the tail Socks Different color, usually white, on paw or leg Did You Know? Kittens can be born with tabby markings that disappear over time, or be born a solid color and develop markings. Blaze White stripe between the eyes Eye patch Colored spot across one eye, on a mostly white face Tuxedo Typically black and white, with a blaze up the nose and a “jacket” on the back Snowshoe Pointed pattern with blue eyes and white markings on the face and body Van All-white body with colored markings on the head and tail only Feature Colors Eye Color Typically cats have green, yellow, or blue eyes in a variety of shades. All kittens are born with blue eyes, but their true color develops between 6 and 8 weeks old. dichroic eye (not pictured) has patches of different colors. Odd-eye cats have different colored eyes. Did You Know? The wild ancestor of the domestic cat species had tabby stripes. Through breeding, a variety of different patterns and markings developed over time. The color of cats’ eyes, paw pads, whiskers, and noses can help in their identification. Whiskers Whiskers are typically black, white, or a combination. Even individual whiskers can have both colors. Noses Noses are typically black, pink, gray, brown, tan, or a spotted combination of these colors. Paw pads Paw pads are typically black, pink, mauve, or a spotted combination of these colors. Each paw pad can be a different color. Unique Identifiers Eartip The universal sign that a community cat has been spayed or neutered. Learn more at alleycat.org/Eartip. Ear Notch An alternative to the eartip, but not recommended by Alley Cat Allies. Folded Ears The tips of the ears are folded over, often due to genetics. Polydactyl Also called Hemingway cats, these felines have an extra toe, or toes, on one or more paws. Manx missing or partial tail, due to genetics or previous injury. Determining Sex It can be dicult to determine if cats are male or female. The easiest and quickest way to tell is by looking at the space between the anus and the genital opening. Less than ½ inch Female Females have less than ½ inch between the anus and the genital opening. If she is spayed, you may see a surgery scar on her stomach, but you can’t always tell without a veterinarian’s help. More than inch Neutered Male Neutered males have more than 1 inch between the anus and the genital opening. Although neutered males no longer have testicles, some cats still have the extra skin and fur in that area. More than inch Intact Male Intact males have more than 1 inch between the anus and the genital opening, and have testicles. They also have broader heads and jawlines. But my cat doesn’t look like any of these cats! All cats are unique and can have a variety of colors, patterns, and markings. This guide covers the basics of cat identification, but no guide can capture all the distinct characteristics, variations, and combinations of features. It’s helpful to consider other distinct features: Does she have any unique markings, like an orange tail tip or spot shaped like a heart? Does she have old injuries that stand out, like a missing eye or patch of missing hair? Does she have all her teeth? Is she declawed? If so, on which paws? Note: Alley Cat Allies is against the cruel and unnecessary practice of declawing cats. However, if a cat has been declawed, it can help identify her. Additional Resources: Learn more about identifying cats to increase their chances of returning to their owners at alleycat.org/IDGuide. Record your own cat’s colors, markings, and more with our helpful worksheet. That way, you’ll be able to accurately describe your cat’s appearance if needed. Download for free at alleycat.org/IDGuide. Get an at-a-glance version of this guide with our “Cat Coat Colors, Patterns, and Lengths” poster. Hang it up in your shelter or veterinary clinic for quick reference, and to make identifying cats easier. You can find it in our shop at alleycat.org/Shop. Microchips play a critical role in reuniting cats with their families. Owners should ensure their cats are microchipped, and animal shelter staff and veterinarians should plan to scan every cat who comes into their facility for a microchip. Not only does it get cats back home, it also saves lives. Learn more about the importance of microchipping and our Plan to Scan campaign at alleycat.org/PlanToScan. Connect with us online! facebook.com/AlleyCatAllies instagram.com/AlleyCatAllies twitter.com/AlleyCatAllies youtube.com/AlleyCatAllies 7920 Norfolk Avenue, Suite 600, Bethesda, MD 20814-2525 • www.alleycat.org 2018 Alley Cat Allies. All rights reserved.
msmarco_doc_00_26307527
http://4gbritain.org/how-to-kick-or-ban-members-from-a-discord-channel/
SOLVED! - How To Remove Someone From A Discord Group/Channel
How To Remove Someone From A Discord Group/Channel How To Remove Someone From A Discord Group/Channel Table of Contents Reasons for a kick/ban How to Remove Someone from a Discord Chart on PC To Kick Someone Out of a Discord Group DM Chat Locating A User to A Different Channel Pruning Your Server OBS Won’t Capture Game Black Screen Discord Red Dot On Icon – Easy Ways to Fix About Us
SOLVED! - How To Remove Someone From A Discord Group/Channel Skip to content News How To Remove Someone From A Discord Group/Channel February 5, 2021 March 1, 2020 by Hardik Hardiya Table of Contents Reasons for a kick/ban How to Remove Someone from a Discord Chart on PC To Kick Someone Out of a Discord Group DM Chat Locating A User to A Different Channel Pruning Your Server Sometimes it may suck to become the one who takes control over any community or group, especially when you have to decide who will stay and who will be kicked out. Removing or banning someone from a Discord channel just because an individual disturbs others, spam or break the rules. These kinds of punishments happen on servers all the time. If you are the server owner who is wondering to find ways to remove someone from a Discord chat channel, don’t worry! We are here to help you. Reasons for a kick/ban It would be a great idea if reasons for banning or kicking someone from a Discord channel are set because sometimes “the victim” wants to know exactly why they have to get such punishment. Unfortunately, as of it right now, there have not had any clue about why this person get banished or kicked. How to Remove Someone from a Discord Chart on PC Follow these steps below to kick or ban users from a room in Discord. 1. Open Discord. Select the server from the list on the left side of the screen Discord’s main interface 2. Scroll through and select which channel (voice or text chat channel) you want the user to leave from. Select the server on discord 3. Select a user you want to ban. A pop-up menu will appear with a few different options. Select the channel on Discord 4. Click Ban (username) at the bottom of the list. A pop-up message will appear. to confirm Select the user to be banned 5. Click Ban to confirm. Ban username *Note: The user can join the channel only when given permission by those with the proper roles. Although there’s no real way to “ban” someone from a direct message for a certain amount of time, you can kick them off the chat group if you want to give them another chance to rejoin the group. To Kick Someone Out of a Discord Group DM Chat 1. Open Discord. Select the group message. All of your direct messages appear under the “Direct Messages” heading. Account on discord 2. Click the member icon on the top-right corner of the screen. Member icon 3. Select the one you want to kick out, then a pop-up will appear. The person you want to remove 4. Click ‘Remove from Group’. This person will no longer be a part of this group conversation. Remove a person from a Discord group Locating A User to A Different Channel Sometimes you may not want to kick a user from the channel, but move them to a different one. This can occur if someone has left but let their microphone on and all of their background noise can be heard in the channel. There are two ways to move a user from one channel to another: Method 1: Drag a user’s name from the channel to another similar channel. You can only move a user from a voice channel to another voice channel, or text channel to text channel. You’ll also need to have the move-members permission enabled. Method 2: Right-click the user’s name –> Select Move to from the popup menu –> choose the channel you want that user moved. Pruning Your Server If you are in trouble keeping track of members and need to kick stale users who haven’t logged into your server for a set of time, you can mass kick them all with the Prune option instead of policing each member individually. To prune, please follow these steps: Select Server Settings on the top of the screen then the server you want to prune. Server Settings 2. In the “Members” tab, you’ll see the whole list of members with their roles in your server. You’ll also find the Prune. Prune option 3. Select the time threshold for last activity you want to prune members for. You can choose among 1 day, 7 days, 30 days. Keep in mind that before pruning if you’re trying to remove someone, you are needed to remove the role because pruning will only work on those members without a currently assigned role. This is a really good way to keep your servers clean of freeloaders. But, be careful while Pruning as sometimes you probably miskick your friends out. Hardik Hardiya I am a Software developer with approx 4 years of experience in building various responsive and beautiful websites and apps. Language: Ruby, Java, HTML/CSS, Android Frameworks: Ruby on Rails, Hosting: Heroku, Godaddy Database: Mysql, Postgres, Mongo, Oracle Also please look on my stack overflow profile. Previous OBS Won’t Capture Game Black Screen Discord Red Dot On Icon – Easy Ways to Fix Next About Us 4G Britain is a leading technology magazine that provide news & experts review about Iphone, Android and other mobile related. Home News Android Privacy policy About us Guest Post Close
msmarco_doc_00_26321585
http://4gmf.com/saab/saab-9-3-bumper-and-headlight-removal/
Saab 9-3 bumper and headlight removal
Saab 9-3 bumper and headlight removal Saab 9-3 bumper and headlight removal SAAB 9-5 Bumper Removal
Saab 9-3 bumper and headlight removal You are here: Home / Saab / Saab 9-3 bumper and headlight removal Saab 9-3 bumper and headlight removal January 5, 2014 by bigal3000 SAAB 9-5 Bumper Removal Saab 9-3 bumper and headlight removal Removing the front bumper and xenon headlight from a Saab 9-3. This is necessary if you need to replace the xenon ballast. It is not necessary to remove the … SAAB 9-5 bumper removal Video Rating: 0 / 5 SAAB 9-5 bumper removal is listed in the SAAB Category. 1999 Saab 9-3 stock blow off valve SAAB Crash Test Filed Under: Saab Tagged With: bumper, bumper removal, headlight, headlight removal, Removal, SAAB
msmarco_doc_00_26327272
http://4h.ansci.cornell.edu/animal-programs/goats/
Goat Program | NYS 4-H Youth Development Program
Goat Program Goat Program Owning a goat is a serious commitment – they live about as long as a large dog. Dairy Goat Projects Meat Goat Projects Working Goat Projects (Driving & Pack) Fiber Goat Projects
Goat Program | NYS 4-H Youth Development Program Home Animal Programs Goat Program Goat Program Owning a goat is a serious commitment – they live about as long as a large dog. Goat projects of many kinds are available to New York youth ages 5-19 through the Cornell Cooperative Extension program. For more information, contact your county CCE office or the address at the end of this page. 2019 NYS Fair Youth Meat Goat Placings Dairy Goat Projects If your family likes dairy products, dairy goats may be the perfect animals for you. Though smaller than cows, they give family-sized amounts of milk daily. They cost less to house and feed, are very affectionate and make great companions. Like cows, they need to be milked twice a day. Meat Goat Projects Goat meat is one of the most commonly eaten meats in the world. Goat meat tastes similar to venison and beef. Meat goats do not need to be milked every day. Check out our: Fact Sheet Series on Meat Goat Herd Management Practices Working Goat Projects (Driving & Pack) Goats make wonderful companions. Female goats (does) and especially castrated male goats (wethers) can be trained to pull carts or carry packs to help you with chores or provide recreational enjoyment. Owning a working goat is a long term project. Working goats have approximately the same life span as a dog and require regular training and exercise. Basic training can start as early as 2 to 3 months of age. However, they will not be ready to carry or pull substantial weight until mature. Some of the equipment can be fairly expensive to purchase. The NYS 4-H Working Goat Committee offers a lending program which allows 4-Hers to borrow goat packs or harnesses for up to 3 months to see if these activities are for you! Fiber Goat Projects A fiber goat project is perfect for someone who likes goats, wants to learn how to spin, and likes to knit, crochet or weave. The fleece of a sheep is made up of a fiber called wool. The fleece of a goat is made up of either cashmere or mohair fiber. All goats with the exception of Angora goats produce a fuzzy undercoat of soft fiber in the winter to help keep them warm. This fiber is called cashmere. Angora goats produce lots of long, curly fiber. However, this fiber is not called angora. Instead, it is called mohair. Only Angora rabbits produce Angora! Some goats produce so much cashmere that it is worth the time and effort to harvest the cashmere by combing or shearing to make it into yarn. You can use either does or wethers for a fiber goat project. A fiber goat’s fleece must be kept clean all winter and harvested every year. Michigan State University offers an Angora Goat Project record book and a 22pg booklet entitled “Your Angora Goat Project”. Contact: tatiana Stanton
msmarco_doc_00_26328218
http://4h.ucanr.edu/About/4-H_Emblem_Motto_-_Creed/
4-H Emblem, Motto & Creed - University of California 4-H Youth Development Program
4-H Emblem, Motto & Creed 4-H Emblem, Motto & Creed 4-H Emblem 4-H Motto 4-H Creed
4-H Emblem, Motto & Creed - University of California 4-H Youth Development Program 4-H Emblem, Motto & Creed 4-H Emblem The official emblem is green with white H's - the 4-H colors. The white symbolizes purity. The green represents nature's most common color and is emblematic of youth, life and growth. The 4-H flag consists of a green, four-leaf, stemmed clover on a white background. The clover has a letter “H” in white or metallic gold on each leaf. The H’s stand for Head, Heart, Hands and Health. The 4-H emblem symbolizes the aim and desired results of effective learning for each individual. HEAD - Problem solving: ability to sort out complex problems. HEART - Emotional development: developing good attitudes toward work and learning; developing acceptance and appreciation of other people. HANDS - Skills development: ability to do, skill in doing and habit of doing. HEALTH - Physical development: understanding and appreciating a growing and changing body. Use of 4-H Colors, Symbols and Emblem: The use of 4-H symbols is optional. However, if 4-H symbols are used to publicize events or represent activities as official 4-H functions, their use must conform to certain regulations. See Using the 4-H Name and Emblem for more information. Suspected violations in the use of the 4-H name or emblem should be reported to the UCCE county director at the county level. Violations that extend beyond one county or a multi-county partnership should be reported to the Associate Director of 4-H Program and Policy. 4-H Motto “To Make the Best Better.” Its intent is to inspire young people to continue to learn and grow, to make their best efforts better through participating in educational experiences. The 4-H motto supports the California 4-H YDP mission of engaging youth in reaching their fullest potential. 4-H Creed I believe in 4-H Club work for the opportunity it will give me to become a useful citizen. I believe in the training of my HEAD for the power it will give me to think, plan and to reason. I believe in the training of my HEART for the nobleness it will give me to be kind, sympathetic and true. I believe in the training of my HANDS for the ability it will give me to be helpful, skillful, and useful. I believe in the training of my HEALTH for the strength it will give me to enjoy life, to resist disease, and to work efficiently. I believe in my country, my state, and my community and in my responsibility for their development. In all these things I believe, and am willing to dedicate my efforts to their fulfillment.
msmarco_doc_00_26331429
http://4h.ucanr.edu/About/History/
4-H History - University of California 4-H Youth Development Program
4-H History 4-H History History of the 4-H Pledge California 4-H History Collegiate 4-H History
4-H History - University of California 4-H Youth Development Program 4-H History The 4-H program began around the start of the 20th century with the work of several people throughout the United States who were concerned about the positive growth of young people. The seed of the 4-H idea of practical and "hands-on" learning came from the desire to make public school education more connected to country life. Early programs tied both public and private resources together for the purpose of helping rural youth. During this time, researchers at experiment stations of the land-grant college system and USDA saw that adults in the farming community did not readily accept new agricultural discoveries. However, educators found that youth could "experiment" with these new ideas and then share their experiences and successes with the adults. As a result, rural youth programs became a way to introduce new agricultural technology to adults. A.B. Graham started one such youth program in Ohio in 1902, considered the birth of the 4-H program in the U.S. When Congress created the Cooperative Extension Service in the USDA in 1914, it included boys' and girls' club work. These soon became known as 4-H clubs - head, heart, hands, and health. Nearing its 50th anniversary, 4-H began to undergo several changes. In 1948, a group of American youth traveled to Europe, and a group of Europeans came to the United States on the first International Farm Youth Exchange. Since then, thousands of young people have participated in the 4-H out-of-state and international exchange programs. In the 1950s, 4-H began to extend into urban areas as well. Soon, the focus of 4-H became centered around the personal growth of the member. Life skills development was built into 4-H projects, activities and events to help youth become contributing, productive, self-directed members of society. The organization changed in the 1960s, combining 4-H groups divided by gender or race into a single integrated program. Read more about National 4-H History. YouTube 4-H 3.83K subscribers Subscribe 4-H History Info Shopping Tap to unmute If playback doesn't begin shortly, try restarting your device. You're signed out Videos you watch may be added to the TV's watch history and influence TV recommendations. To avoid this, cancel and sign in to YouTube on your computer. Cancel Confirm More videos More videos Switch camera Share Include playlist An error occurred while retrieving sharing information. Please try again later. Watch later Share Copy link Watch on 0:00 0:00 0:00 / 5:02 Live • History of the 4-H Pledge Written by Otis Hall of the Kansas State College of Agriculture June 1927 - Officially adopted by the 4-H program at the first National 4-H Camp 1973 - At the request of several states and on the recommendation of 4-H members attending the National 4-H Conference, the pledge was changed in 1973 to include "my world." Their addition is the only change ever made to the 4-H pledge. See the 4-H Pledge in multiple languages. California 4-H History As early as 1912, the University of California had encouraged the formation of boys' and girls' agricultural clubs in rural areas and collaborated with school districts to organize them. In 1913, the forerunner of 4-H was founded - an agricultural club at the college of agriculture in Davis. By 1914, eighty-four high school agricultural clubs were reported in California. The goal of these clubs was not only to train youth in agricultural skills, but to influence the practices of adult farmers and homemakers through their ongoing projects. University Extension staff outlined project work and ultimately concentrated the twenty-four original projects into six. Although girls were not specifically excluded, membership in the earliest clubs consisted only of boys. Each club sponsored contests in animal or crop production, with members keeping detailed records and competing to make the largest profit. In 1915, thirty-seven clubs had at least six boys each and were competing against each other in local contests. By 1917, 2,716 participants in 208 high school agricultural clubs were engaged in projects under the direction of the University of California. Contest winners received prizes, usually a trip to Berkeley or the University Farm in Davis. In the summer of 1914, 142 boys enjoyed three days of camping in militia tents at the University Farm in Davis, establishing the start of the annual summer 4-H conference. During the 1920s, agricultural club work continued to grow. More than 5,000 youth were enrolled by mid-decade, and more than 400 volunteer leaders contributed their time to club work. The ever popular club summer camps continued at the University Farm, bringing youth together from throughout California. In 1928, the title "4-H" appeared in California reports of youth work. In the 1930s, over 10,000 youth in California 4-H clubs were developing skills through individual projects and learning leadership and civic responsibility through community improvement projects. As totalitarianism threatened Europe toward the end of the decade, 4-H leaders placed a new emphasis on citizenship training, the history of democracy, government processes, political parties, and voting. In 1953, a state 4-H club leader was assigned by the University Extension. 4-H programs were reorganized with a widened project base aimed to reach a broader audience than just rural boys and girls. Projects were offered in rural electricity, tractor maintenance, entomology, and home economics. Projects were no longer required to show an economic return, and many 4-H clubs were used to extend research. During the late 1960s, the traditional 4-H program received new stimulus. Congress appropriated funds for programs in low income urban areas and state funds were allocated for urban youth work. Some counties developed experimental 4-H programs, adopting projects and methods for new groups with special needs. In 1964, there were 37,000 4-H members in 1,000 clubs. By 1969, 4-H had grown to 50,000 members, with 20 percent of members coming from low income areas. In the 1970s and 1980s, federal legislation focused on women, the handicapped, and minorities with respect to equal opportunity. The 4-H program attracted minorities with short-term projects, after-school programs, and special urban and migrant outreach efforts. Since not all programs effectively incorporated inner-city youth, 4-H specialists expanded the program by seeking grant funding and private support for special projects, such as the summer outdoor education project in the San Joaquin Valley. During the 1980s, dramatic demographic and social changes spanning the dimensions of race, ethnicity, language, and socioeconomic positions arose in California. Many immigrants from Asia, Latin America, Russia, and the Caribbean settled in California. Family patterns that included single-parent households and working mothers had an impact on youth needs. As a result, 4-H fostered new ideas to revitalize existing programs and started new ones. In Los Angeles, 4-H pioneered programs in low-income housing projects such as drama, arts and crafts, cooking, math, and reading. Due to urban areas having large and heterogeneous populations, many urban programs were operated collaboratively with community organizations. In doing so, 4-H became a partner in federally funded programs that help children catch up in school, obtain health care, and adapt to new communities. Today, after more than 100 years, 4-H offers opportunities in communications, leadership, career development, livestock, home improvement, and computer technology to 7 million American youth. Programs are found in rural and urban areas throughout the country and similar programs around the world. 4-H continues to grow and develop with the head, heart, hands, and health of our youth. Collegiate 4-H History In California, collegiate 4-H clubs were founded at UC Davis and UC Berkeley in 1932. Both clubs were inactive during WWII. UC Davis was re-activated in 1952, while the club at UC Berkeley remained inactive. There have been other collegiate 4-H clubs in California, including Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo, Stanford, Fresno State, and Humboldt State. Nationally, collegiate 4-H clubs were formed as early as 1921. However, often they were not referred to as collegiate 4-H clubs. As an example, the North Carolina State University collegiate 4-H club began as the 4-H Supper Club. Growth of collegiate 4-H through the years has been demonstrated through a gradual movement toward objectives and goals as a collegiate 4-H "service oriented" organization. Founded in 1925 at Washington State College, Pullman, Mu Beta Beta 4-H Club Fraternity was established as a national 4-H honor fraternity to promote interest in college 4-H clubs. The motto was "Seek to Improve the Best." The fraternity is no longer active.
msmarco_doc_00_26334339
http://4h.ucanr.edu/About/Pledge/
4-H Pledge - University of California 4-H Youth Development Program
4-H Pledge 4-H Pledge Promesa 4-H (Spanish) 4-H Cog Lus (Hmong) Ich verspreche (German) 4-H no Seiyaku (Japanese) Les membres engagent (French) Norwegian Bokmål (Norwegian)
4-H Pledge - University of California 4-H Youth Development Program 4-H Pledge The 4-H pledge is commonly said at the beginning of 4-H club meetings, conferences, and events. As a true 4-H member, I pledge... My head to clearer thinking, My heart to greater loyalty, My hands to larger service, My health to better living for my club, my community, my country and my world. Here is the 4-H Pledge in other languages. Promesa 4-H (Spanish) Promesa 4H Prometo usar mi mente para pensar con más claridad, mi corazón para ser más leal, mis manos para ser más servicial, mi salud para cuidarme más, por mi club, mi comunidad, mi país y mi mundo. Translated by Dr. Lisa Lauxman, National 4-H Foundation 4-H Cog Lus (Hmong) Kuv cog lus kuv: Kuv lub taub hau rau meej meej xav kev, Kuv lub plawv rau loj dua kev ncaj ncess, Kuv txhais tes rau pab cov neeg, Thiab kuv cov kev mob rau kov zoo dua ciaj, Muab rau kuv lub koom haum, Kub vlub zos, kub lub tebchaws, thiab kuv tub ntiaj teb. - Translated by Roberta Xiong, Merced County 4-H Member (2002) Ich verspreche (German) Ich verspreche Den Kopf zu klarem Denken, Das Herz zu größerer Treue, Die Hände zu größerem Dienst, und Die Gesundheit zu besserem Leben, Für meinen Klub, meine Gemeinschaft, mein Land, und meine Welt. - Translated by Henrik Nielsen (2004) 4-H no Seiyaku (Japanese) Meikaku ni kangaeru kotono dekiru atama, Seijitsu to Yujo ni tomu kokoro, Shakai ni yakudatsu ude, Yori kenkona seikatsu o shite, Kazoku, chiiki, sekai ni hoshi o shiyou. - Translated by 4-H Japanese Exchange Summer Hosting Program (2002) Les membres engagent (French) Les membres engagent Ma tête à penser plus clair Mon coeur à la plus grande loyauté Mes mains au plus grand service, et Ma santé le meilleur habiter, Pour mon club, ma communauté, mon pays et mon monde. - Translated by Florida 4-H Program Norwegian Bokmål (Norwegian) Vi lover å arbeide, Mot det mål, Å bli en ungdom, Med klart hode, Varmt hjerte, Flinke hender, og God helse. - Translated by Inger Marie Angeltveit, Norway (2006)
msmarco_doc_00_26343617
http://4h.ucanr.edu/Programs/Clubs/Officers/
Youth Officers - University of California 4-H Youth Development Program
Youth Officers Youth Officers Responsibilities Resources
Youth Officers - University of California 4-H Youth Development Program Youth Officers 4-H club officers are elected annually in accordance with the club's constitution and bylaws. Under the guidance of the 4-H community club leader and/or the officer's advisor, officers are responsible for a particular part of the 4-H club's function. Generally, 4-H clubs have a president, vice president, secretary, treasurer, and sergeant at arms. However, 4-H units may have additional officers according to their constitution and bylaws. Other activities and events may be planned by a committee. Together, the 4-H club officer team is responsible for the administration of the 4-H club and its programs. Club officers plan and carry out community club meetings. This process engages officers by encouraging them to learn experientially. The officer advisor serves as a facilitator, counselor, resource provider, and coach to the officers. These objectives of holding an office include increased: planning and organizing skills. teamwork, leadership, and social skills. communication and public speaking skills. self-responsibility. decision making skills. record keeping and management skills. Responsibilities As an officer, you will manage the planning and implementation of the club’s programs and business. You will be a guardian of the club’s legal, financial, social, and educational responsibilities. Officers are responsible for ensuring that the club is inclusive and does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, religion, sex, or disability. The general duties of holding an office include: Learn and act upon the duties of your office. Be an active member of the board of officers. Attend officer executive board meetings. Attend club meetings and activities. Lead in planning meetings and events. Give your opinion on issues, but also listen to what others have to say. Actively represent 4-H in your community. Let the officer advisor know if you are unable to attend a meeting. Club officers and officer advisors have an important responsibility to their club, the University of California, and the public. The club has educational goals for its membership, service and membership goals for the community, and fiscal and legal responsibilities to the University of California. Resources 4-H Officer's Manual (2013) 4-H Club Program Planning Guide 4-H Choose Health Officers Guide Civic Engagement Officer Civic Engagement Officer Training Healthy Living Officer Training Officer Forms: 4-H Club Business Meeting Agenda (Word) 4-H Club Business Meeting Agenda (PDF) Annual 4-H Club Planner (Word) Annual 4-H Club Planner (PDF) 4-H Club Meeting Planner (Word) 4-H Club Meeting Planner (PDF) 4-H Outreach Methods Documentation Form (Word) 4-H Outreach Methods Documentation Form (PDF) 4-H Club Meeting Minutes (Word) 4-H Club Meeting Minutes (PDF) Treasurer's Manual (2014) As the 4-H treasurer, you help plan the club’s budget for the year, keep all the banking and financial records for your club and help make sure that your club’s money is used responsibly, ethically and fairly. Use this manual and the forms below. Form 5.2 Mid-Year Club Peer Review Report Form 5.3 Mid-Year Club Peer Review Committee Checklist Form 6.1 4-H Club Monthly Report Form 6.2 Annual Inventory Report Form 6.3 Annual Financial Report Form 7.1 4-H Treasurer's Checklist Form 8.1 4-H Club Ledger Form 8.2 Club Project Ledger Form 8.3 Checkbook Balancing Form 8.4 4-H Club Budget Form 8.5 Year-End Club Peer Review Report Form 8.6 Year-End Club Peer Review Checklist Form 8.7 Fundraising Approval Form 8.8 Monthly Statement of Cash Collections Form 8.9 Club Check Request Form 8.10 Missing Receipt Treasurer Forms (Excel) Other resources: 4-H Donation Receipt 4-H_Donation_Receipt_for_Auctions 4-H_Donation_Receipt_Template_Letter
msmarco_doc_00_26346192
http://4h.ucanr.edu/Resources/Member_Resources/RecordBook/
4-H Record Books - University of California 4-H Youth Development Program
4-H Record Books 4-H Record Books Record Books during social isolation Record Books during Social Isolation Record Book Virtual Evaluations Virtual Record Book Evaluations Record Book Competitions The Online Record Book (ORB) About 4-H Record Books Why have 4-H Record Books? Benefits of completing a 4-H Record Book: Do I have to do a Record Book?
4-H Record Books - University of California 4-H Youth Development Program 4-H Record Books Record Books during social isolation Tips on meeting 4-H club and project requirements with virtual learning. Here are some tips for earning your Star Rank credits virtually and ideas on how to record them in your Record Book. Remember to talk to your Club or Project Leader about options for meeting project or club completion projects. Are you a Club Officer? How can you help the younger members in your club finish their 4-H year successfully? Download Tips for Earning and Recording Star Rank Credits in a Virtual World YouTube University of California 4-H Youth Development Progam 344 subscribers Record Books during Social Isolation Watch later Share Info Shopping Tap to unmute If playback doesn't begin shortly, try restarting your device. You're signed out Videos you watch may be added to the TV's watch history and influence TV recommendations. To avoid this, cancel and sign in to YouTube on your computer. Cancel Confirm More videos More videos Switch camera Share Include playlist An error occurred while retrieving sharing information. Please try again later. Watch on 0:00 0:00 0:00 / 6:30 Live • Record Book Virtual Evaluations Trying to decide if you want to host Club and County Record Book Evaluations/Competitions virtually? This recorded webinar discusses options to consider. Covered in the slide deck and video recording: Considerations such as unknowns, inequitable access to tools, and reducing stress on families Star Rank Achievements Evaluation/Competition Recommendations—guidance regardless of how you decide to complete evaluations Options for collecting signatures Options for submitting books: email, scanned, drop-off Options to evaluate virtual independently, virtual small group, in-person after SIP lifted Supports provided by Statewide Incentives & Recognition Advisory Committee Download the Slide Deck of this recorded webinar: RB Virtual Evaluations YouTube University of California 4-H Youth Development Progam 344 subscribers Virtual Record Book Evaluations Watch later Share Info Shopping Tap to unmute If playback doesn't begin shortly, try restarting your device. More videos More videos You're signed out Videos you watch may be added to the TV's watch history and influence TV recommendations. To avoid this, cancel and sign in to YouTube on your computer. Cancel Confirm Switch camera Share Include playlist An error occurred while retrieving sharing information. Please try again later. Watch on 0:00 0:00 0:00 / 56:17 Live • Record Book Competitions Record books can be submitted for review and evaluation at the Club, County, and State level. Learn more about Record Book Competitions. The Online Record Book (ORB) As of of July 1, 2020, ORB is no longer being used to complete record books. Those who have begun a 2019-2020 record book in the ORB system will have access to the system till December 31, 2020 to complete them. Visit the ORB Sunset Support Page for information, timeline, tips, and tools to help you during this transition. About 4-H Record Books The 4-H program has a long history of record keeping. The focus reflects the importance of this life skill in our daily lives. Completing a 4-H Record Book is a process where you record project and club work using a standard format. Why have 4-H Record Books? Completing the Personal Development Report in the Record Book provides you an incentive for participation, learning, and achievement. Benefits of completing a 4-H Record Book: Practice Records Management - Track your activities, events, profits and losses, skill development and learning experiences. In this competency skill you identify, create, classify, archive and preserve records. Reflect on your yearly work - Document your skill development and learning experiences in a written report. Measure your achievements and growth throughout your years in 4-H. Set goals, pursue strategies to meet those goals, and record how you may have had to shift gears in the face of challenges and obstacles. Do I have to do a Record Book? We encourage all our 4-H youth to do a Record Book to record their project information and reflections, but 4-H Record Books are not required for membership or participation in 4-H activities such as club events, 4-H camps, or conferences. A 4-H Record Book may be required to receive participation awards (such as star ranking, medals, or pins based on 4-H Record Book achievements).
msmarco_doc_00_26350377
http://4h.ucanr.edu/files/224697.pdf
Project Port Pillow for SFR Project Port Pillow for SFR Do you know what a portacath is? How can 4-H help? You only need 5 things: Directions for Making a Port Pillow for SFR 2016
Project Port Pillow for SFR Project Port Pillow for SFR Do you know what a portacath is? portacath is a small port placed beneath the skin so that cancer patients can get their chemotherapy. It is often uncomfortable when a seatbelt rubs it. Port Pillow attaches onto the seatbelt to protect the port from being irritated. How can 4-H help? By using our hands (& sewing skills) to help our community! You only need 5 things: Soft material, like cotton or flannel Polyester Fiber Fill Thread Velcro Sewing Machine Once you have completed your Port Pillows, find a local organization that will hand them out for you and email us with how many you made and where you donated them. Or bring them to State Fashion Revue May 28, 2016. Examples: American Cancer Society, Local Cancer Centers, Links for Life Explain to the organization what a Port Pillow is and how it works. Thank you! Northwest.4H@bak.rr.com Directions for Making a Port Pillow for SFR 2016 = right side of fabric = wrong side of fabric 2. 3. Rectangle, right side up. Velcro bottom edge of the fabric, making sure that the opposite sides of the Velcro come together and stick in the middle. Fold the fabric in half and check that the Velcro is stuck together properly. Pin 2.5 of the open sides, leaving half of a side open to turn and stuff. 4. 5. 6. the 2 ½ open sides, beginning and ending with a back stitch. Cut the corners at a diagonal. 7. Turn the pillow right side out, making sure the corners are all out. Stuff the pillow with fiber fill until it is a comforting thickness. Make sure to get the stuffing into the corners. For decoration, sew a decorative button or accessory on to the Velcro, or add a ribbon and a caring note with your pillow. Sew the opening closed either by hand or by machine, tucking in the seams and sewing well.
msmarco_doc_00_26355543
http://4h.ucanr.edu/files/263720.pdf
California 4-H Record Book Manual California 4-H Record Book Manual Purpose of Record Books History The Purpose of the 4-H Record Book: Positive Youth Development Terms General Information Your Record Book is YOURS… Hours of Participation Special Accommodations Questions? Formatting Instructions Organization Overview Section 1: Preliminary Information Section 2: Personal Development Record Section 4: Projects* Section 6: Leadership Development Report (Intermediate and Senior Members Only) Section 7: 4-H Resume (Senior Members Only) Are you a Junior, Intermediate, or Senior Member? Section 1: Preliminary Information Title Page Section 2: Personal Development Report (PDR) Example: Additional Space Level of participation Star Ranks Activities Inside and Outside of 4-H Activities from the Previous Year Personal Development Record (PDR) Categories Examples:
California 4-H Record Book Manual California 4-H Record Book Manual For Junior, Intermediate and Senior Members 2020 – 2021 This is the most current Manual. Please discard all previous manuals. Purpose of Record Books History The California 4-H Youth Development Program (YDP) has a long history of record-keeping as an activity by 4-H members. To move youth on a path toward thriving within their communities, the 4-H Record Book goes through periodic changes to meet the needs of youth and mission of 4-H YDP. The Purpose of the 4-H Record Book: Reflect on your yearly work by documenting your skill development, learning experiences and growth in 4-H. Set goals, pursue strategies to meet those goals and shift gears in the face of challenges and obstacles. Be awarded for your involvement in 4-H activities. Earn Star Ranks. Build competency through creating and preserving your records. Help you grow through continued exposure to positive experiences that support your development of the 6 Cs: competence, confidence, character, caring, connection and contribution. Positive Youth Development Terms The California 4-H Record Book incorporates thriving language. Thriving is also called reaching your full potential—and that’s what 4-H is all about—helping you be the best you! Here are some of the words and terms you will see that you may want to know more about while completing your Record Book: Sparks are passions and skills that are meaningful and motivating to you. If you do or are something in 4-H or your life that brings you great joy AND you use that thing to make a positive difference in the world— then that’s your Spark! Growth mindset. The effort that you put into completing the Record Book helps strengthen the connections in your brain. A growth mindset includes viewing challenges as opportunities to learn even if it means changing or not reaching a goal or strategy. GPS goal management skills. Throughout the 4-H Record Book, you set Goals, Pursue strategies to reach those goals and Shift gears in the face of challenges or obstacles. The 6 Cs: competence, confidence, character, caring, connection and contribution; all of them are important on your path to thriving. Adult Volunteers are adults or staff members who have been appointed as leaders of a particular activity or group. They can be project leaders, community club leaders, advisors, etc. When a form asks for an adult volunteer signature, it means an appointed 4-H adult who may or may not be a parent or guardian. General Information Your Record Book is YOURS… 4-H Record Books must be completed by the 4-H member – that means you! This includes completing forms, writing the 4-H Story and other records. Adults may assist by guiding, explaining and helping to compile information and proofreading. …And it Goes Where You Go! Personal Development Report participation and star ranks transfer from one California county to other counties. Former participation in other states can be counted in the California 4-H Record Book PDR form as long as you write it down. Record Books are OPTIONAL! Record Books cannot be required for participation in 4-H activities and events. They also cannot be required for you to be elected as an officer or other leadership roles. A 4-H Record Book or parts may be required to receive participation awards (such as star ranks, medals or pins) that are based on Record Book achievements. Some members only complete the Personal Development Report to keep track of their Star Ranks. Autographs, please! You’ll need to get signatures on some forms from an adult volunteer after they review the 4-H work you have documented in your Record Book. Review, discussion and signatures are required on the following forms: Where? Who Signs? First page of Personal Development Report Youth Member and Adult Volunteer Last page of each Annual Project Report Youth Member and Project Leader Part 1 (Post) of Leadership Development Report Youth Member Part 2 (Pre) and Part 2 (Post) of Leadership Development Report Youth Member and Adult Volunteer Hours of Participation You will be asked to record the number of hours spent in 4-H meetings, activities, events, planning/organizing and other 4-H activities in the PDR and the APR forms. Record times as decimals or whole numbers. See the time conversion chart below to help change minutes to decimal hours. Do not count hours you are not spending in a 4-H activity. For example, do not count hours while you are asleep at 4-H camp. Special Accommodations The core values of the California 4-H Youth Development Program state that we “appreciate, respect and value diversity through a commitment to inclusion of diverse Californians.” If you cannot complete your Record Book in the standard format, 4-H is more than happy to accommodate you. Accommodations are made on a case-by-case basis. Speak with your UCCE County Community Education Specialist to make a request. Questions? If you have questions while completing your Record Book, ask an Adult Volunteer in your club or county to help you. This Record Book Manual is designed for members and more information can be found in the 4-H Record Book Guide for Adult Volunteers as well as on the State 4-H website. Formatting Instructions If you plan to submit your Record Book to any competition, you must follow these guidelines to receive the maximum points for this section. We highly recommend that you use a computer to complete your Record Book forms. However, handwritten forms are acceptable. Paper: 8 ½ inch x 11 inch plain white copier paper for most sections. The Title Page may be any color or special paper and still must be 8 ½ inch x 11 inch. Double-sided is okay. Photo quality paper is okay only on pages with photographs in the Collection of Work and/or Expression Pages. Margins: Left margin between 1 inch and 1½ inch. All other margins (top, bottom, and right) should be between ½ inch and 1 inch. If used, headers, footers should be inside these margins. Page numbers can be outside the margins. Typeface: Typed or handwritten in black ink. Color may be used on the Cover, Table of Contents, Expression Pages and the Collection of Work. If handwritten, text must be written legibly. If typed, no less than 11 point in an easy to read font. Font size may differ for headings and emphasis in text. Divide and Label Sections: Use tabs and divider pages to separate sections and improve overall organization. Colored paper may be used as section dividers. Graphics: Graphics, pictures and drawings may only be included on the Title Page, Table of Contents, Expression Pages and the Collection of Work. Number the Pages: Use a logical system that matches your Table of Contents to number the pages of your Record Book. Hand numbering is acceptable due to the significant number of inserted pages. Numbering using printed stickers is okay. Folder or Binder: Use an Acco fastener folder or 3-ring binder, not more than 1” wide. Acco Record Book Covers may be purchased from the Shop 4-H. Other: Do not exceed the page limits for each section. Do not use plastic page covers or laminate any pages. ANOTHER LOOK AT PAGE GUIDELINES Organization Overview California 4-H Record Book contains the following items. Section 1: Preliminary Information Title Page Table of Contents Section 2: Personal Development Record Complete one Personal Development Report (PDR) form each year. Section 3: My 4-H Story Section 4: Projects* One Annual Project Report (APR) form for every project you have completed. One expression page for every project. Section 5: Collection of 4-H Work Section 6: Leadership Development Report (Intermediate and Senior Members Only) Complete one Leadership Development Report (LDR) Part 1(Pre) and Part 1(Post) per year. Complete one Leadership Development Report (LDR) Part 2(Pre) and 2(Post) per leadership role, per year. Section 7: 4-H Resume (Senior Members Only) Senior members create a 4-H Resume that highlights their skills, leadership and civic engagement development throughout their 4-H career. Note about previous year’s records: All of your previous years records can be inserted at the back of the current year’s book, in reverse chronological order (that means by year and the year you started is in the back and you work forward to the current year in the front) or you can have a separate book for each year—the option is up to you. Some county competitions want to see all of your previous records—so be sure to find out what your county wants before you compete. Sending to State Competition? Only submit the current year’s records—don’t send any previous year’s records. The last section will be Section 7: 4-H Resume, there shouldn’t be anything behind that. Are you a Junior, Intermediate, or Senior Member? Ages 9 through 10 Ages 11 through 13 Ages 14 through 19 Junior Member Intermediate Member Senior Member *You must complete at least one Annual Project Report (APR) form to receive a year stripe and pin. Section 1: Preliminary Information Title Page title page includes your full name, 4-H Club, your county and the program year. The title page may be a color other than white paper, use graphics, photos and larger text. The title page must not exceed one standard page. Table of Contents table of contents lists the order of the 4-H Record Book sections. Include the titles of the section headers and page numbers. A 4-H Record Book is organized into the following sections. Section 1: Personal Development Report……………………….……………… page numbers Section 2: My 4-H Story…………………………………………………………... page numbers Section 3: Annual Projects..…………………….…………………………...…… page numbers (This section includes Annual Project Reports and Expression Pages. Each project may have its own subsection or all of the projects may be contained within one section) Section 4: Collection of 4-H Work…………………………….…………………. page numbers Section 5: Leadership Development Reports(s)……………………………….. page numbers (Intermediate and Senior Members Only) Section 6: 4-H Resume……….………………………………………………….. page numbers (Senior Members Only) “Strive for excellence, not perfection.” ~ H. Jackson Brown Jr. Section 2: Personal Development Report (PDR) Record participation and activities both inside and outside of 4-H for the current program year. When you attend a 4-H event, both virtually and in-person, record it as a 4-H Event Attended. If you did something at that event that meets the requirements in another area(s), you can record that as well, BUT that activity can only be counted in one category—it’s your choice. Record activities in the most appropriate or needed category for Star Ranks. Example: State Field Day—Event Attended At Field Day you gave a presentation on how to create a service-learning project. You could count this presentation as a Communication Skill. If you won a gold seal/medal for your presentation, you would list that award in Honors and Recognition. Additional Space You may add pages or lines to each category as needed. Level of participation In categories 2 through 8, identify your level of participation in each activity. The levels are: I = Individual, L = Local Club/Unit/Project, C = County, M = Multi-county, S = State, N = National/Multi-State, G = Global Star Ranks Star ranks are designed to encourage you to participate in a wide variety of activities and to provide you with an opportunity to set (and reach!) your goals. Each category lists the Star Rank requirement. On the first page of the PDR, the second box asks you to list your club meeting attendance for the year. If you are in a SPIN club, your project meetings also count as your club meetings – so your club meeting attendance (on the first page) and project meeting attendance (on the third page) will be the same. Activities Inside and Outside of 4-H You may record up to two significant activities outside of 4-H in categories 2, 4, 5, 6 and 7. Category 8 may ONLY include activities outside of 4-H. All activities must meet the instructions and guidelines for each category. Activities from the Previous Year If you have not recorded an activity or event from a previous program year, you may record it on the current year’s PDR. You must have proof of participation and the approval of an adult volunteer. Record all information as you would for activities and events of the current year (date, activity, location, and level). Personal Development Record (PDR) Categories Projects Completed Record the projects you have completed. Complete a minimum of six hours of project instruction or more as required by the project leader. Instruction can be virtual or in-person. If you are participating in a training related to your project and you want to count it toward your project completion, get permission from your project leader first. During the current year, 80% average attendance across all projects is required to receive an achievement rank. Project Skill Activities Record events or activities that demonstrate your knowledge to an audience or judge. Activities may be recorded even if you are not enrolled in the corresponding project – as long as the skills are related to a 4-H project. Exhibits: Record exhibition entries such as animals, foods, crafts or other items. You may receive multiple credits for the same exhibit presented before a new audience at a different event. Judged Exhibits: Each entry or collection of entries related to one project counts as one credit. For livestock, each species and project shown counts as one credit. All foods entries count as one credit, all photography entries count as one credit, all market chicken entries and all show chicken entries each count as one credit. Examples: Fair entries, Fashion Revue, State Photography Competition, educational displays (if judged). Non-Judged Exhibits: Each show or event counts as one credit regardless of the number of items exhibited. Examples: Parents’ Night, National 4-H Week exhibit, public building display. Showmanship: Record each time you compete in a showmanship competition as a 4-H member. Each individual showmanship competition may be counted separately. Knowledge Contests: Record participation in 4-H knowledge bowls, contests or other activities that test your knowledge. Examples: Horse bowl, Avian bowl, Horticulture Contest, Champion Challenge. Judging Contest: Record participation in any organized 4-H judging contest where you are judged by a set of standards on how well you judged. Examples: Livestock Judging Day, Field Day Judging Contests. Project Skill Activities Outside 4-H: Record participation at shows, competitions and contests that relate to a 4-H project skill but are NOT strictly 4-H events or do not have 4-H classes. Examples: Pacific Poultry Breeders Association Show, ARBA National Convention, AKC Dog Show, Quilting Conference (QuiltCon). You may not participate as a 4-H member or record activities in jackpot or prospector shows that do not comply with 4-H Policy. Events that do not comply with 4-H Policy may not be recorded in the Record Book at all. 3. Events Attended Record 4-H virtual and in-person events that you attend during the year. Count any 4-H event that you attend outside of regular club and project meetings. Be sure to get permission from your club or project leader(s) for virtual events that you attend that could count for 4-H learning. Multiple day events, such as County Fair and Conferences count as one event. Examples: California Focus Fashion Revue Club Holiday Dinner Field Days Achievement Night Officer Training Fundraisers Livestock Clinics Equine Play Days Leadership Conference You may receive credit for attending the event as well as completing an activity that fits in another category. Example: Attending County 4-H Presentation Day is counted in category 3 (Events Attended) and presenting a demonstration is counted in category 6 (Communication Skills). Note about Fairs: If the fair you attend has a 4-H/FFA class, you can enter it as a 4-H Event Attended, even if the fair is not operated by 4-H. Shows and contests that are neither operated by 4-H nor consisting of 4-H showing divisions/classes are NOT considered 4-H events. If the show or contest relates to a 4-H project skill, it may be included in category 2 as a “Project Skill Activity Outside 4-H.” 4. Leadership Development Record each project that you lead and each leadership position you hold at the club, county, sectional, state and/or national levels. The duties you perform in leadership roles are considered part of the position and cannot be counted as separate activities for any category on the PDR—for example, if you have to give a report as a Club Officer, you cannot count your report as a Communication Skill because this reporting is part of your job as an officer. Committee Chair or Member: Record the committee where you served. Examples: Club phone tree, Field Day Set up committee, 4-H Parents’ Night Decorations committee, County Presentation Day Judges Refreshment committee. Junior Leader: If you are younger than 11 and not yet an intermediate member, count your project leadership in the PDR. Lead a 4-H Group Activity: An activity can be planned ahead or it can be spontaneous*, usually on a one-time basis, to benefit 4-H members, volunteers or the community. As long as you took the lead to make it happen, you can count it. *Spontaneous means that you didn’t prepare anything, but you responded to lead, in the moment that something happened, that required knowledge and leadership skills to solve the situation. Leadership Outside of 4-H: You may count two of your most significant leadership roles outside of 4-H and record them in this category. Examples: Student Body President, School Math Tutor, Youth Group Leader Significant 4-H Leadership Roles for Intermediate and Senior Members To meet the Star Rank criteria for gold and platinum stars, you must hold significant 4-H leadership roles that require 20 hours or more of leadership contribution. Count all of your training, meeting, planning and research hours as well as the hours spent leading toward this requirement. You must complete the Leadership Development Report form to receive credit for these roles. See next page for examples of Significant Leadership Roles. Examples of Significant 4-H Leadership Roles for Intermediate and Senior Members: Enrolled in a 4-H Leadership Development Project, County Ambassador, Junior or Teen Leader, Club Officer, Camp Counselor, Exchange Program, State Ambassador, Youth Board Member, Youth Key Leader Junior members may earn Significant Leadership credits if these conditions are met: You are a Club Officer You already have earned a Silver or Gold Star and you are working on either Gold or Platinum Star You and your adult volunteer believe you understand all of the questions in the LDR and you believe that you can learn something by completing them. 5. Civic Engagement and Community Service Record your active participation in a planned, publicized and approved civic engagement, service learning or community service activity. Credits are counted by event attended, not separate activities at that event. If an event or activity is recurring, separately count your participation in each one. Example: Record each monthly visit to a convalescent home. Do not count fundraising activities for personal benefit under Civic Engagement/Community Service. This includes fundraising activities that support group attendance at county, sectional, state or national 4-H events. You may record this activity under category 3 (Events Attended). Community Service Project: Record events and activities that serve the common good in the interest of the community or members of the community. Examples: Canned food drive, beach cleanup, clothes drive, convalescent home visit. Service Learning Project: Service learning combines service and education to address a recognized need in the community. It involves collaboration with others and includes a time for reflection on the experience. See the state 4-H website for more information on how to conduct service learning events. You can receive two (2) credits for Service Learning Projects. Make one entry for Service Learning Project Learning and Planning and one entry for the Service Learning Project Event—that’s when you actually do what you planned. Examples: Learning about water issues and painting storm drain signs; learning about persons with disabilities and designing a help aid to meet an identified need. Civic Engagement and Civic Affairs: Record events and activities in which you are engaging in one or both of the following categories as a part of your 4-H experiences: Civic Engagement Advocacy, activism and discussion on civic issues with informed decision making. Civic Education Government principles, processes and structures; personal roles and responsibilities; history and cultural heritage; global understanding Examples: attending Citizenship Washington Focus or California Focus, volunteering at a voter registration, completing a Safe Space training. Civic Engagement and Community Service Outside of 4-H: Count two significant civic engagement or community service roles and record them here. Examples: School clothing drive for disaster victims, donating at a blood drive. 6. Communication Skills Record communication activities that you participate in at any event inside or outside 4-H. Do not include thank you letters as communication activities. 4-H Presentations: To be counted as a presentation, you must meet the requirements in the State 4-H Presentation Manual. Any time you speak to a new audience at a new event, record it (repeating at the same event or practicing your presentation does not count). Prepared Talk: Any time you prepare (in advance of the event or activity) a report or talk, record this here. Officer reports or committee reports are considered part of your role and are not counted. Radio and Television Appearances: When you appear as a guest representing 4-H before a radio or television audience, record it here. You must be actively involved in the interview or presentation. Newspaper Articles: Record the number of articles that you write and submit to local/school papers, 4-H newsletters and 4-H websites. If the article was not published, you may receive credit if it is submitted and approved by your adult volunteer. This does not include articles that are written about you—regardless of who the author is. Letters: Record letters that you crafted to teach others about 4-H and/or persuade community members to participate in a 4-H event. If you wrote one letter and sent it to multiple recipients, it still counts as one credit. Do not include thank you letters. Examples: letters to potential buyers, letters to city council or other government representatives. Judge: Served as a Judge for a 4-H activity or contest. Representing 4-H: Record events or activities where you represented 4-H to outside groups or community audiences (non 4-H). You must be identified as a 4-H member. Examples: Speak about 4-H at a school assembly, host an information booth about 4-H at community event On-Line Communication: Record activities where you created a 4-H website, moderated a 4-H email list, or created a 4-H social networking page. Examples: Facebook, Twitter, blogs or other social media platforms that you created and moderated on a regular basis. “Liking” or commenting on a post does not count. Communication Outside of 4-H: Select up to two significant communication activities outside of 4-H and record them in this category. Examples: give a presentation at a school science fair, create and manage a personal blog, appear as a guest on a radio show about an upcoming performance that you are in. 7. Honors and Recognition Record all high honors and recognition you have earned! Other project-specific honors and recognition like seals and ribbons go in your Annual Project Report. You can record high honors and recognition if it is very big deal to you. You don’t have to get the top award to record it here. If you are very, very, very proud of an award or honor, record it! Think about it like this: Last year you placed 15th in the contest you entered and this year you placed 3rd. That’s a big jump and you should be very, very, very proud of that—and you should record it here. If you don’t know how to decide if an honor or award should be recorded, ask a parent or another adult to help you reflect on how you have grown to achieve that award. Examples (names and titles may vary): Grand Champion o Record Book Winner or Medalist Reserve Grand Champion o Gold and Platinum Presentation Day 100% Club Attendance winners County Ambassador/All Star o State Ambassador Diamond Clover Award o Star Ranks Emerald Star o Golden Clover Award Fashion Revue winner o Food Fair winner In standard-based (Danish) 4-H competitions: Blue ribbons or gold seals in any judged contest. Example: A blue ribbon or gold/platinum seal may be counted if it is the highest placement in a judged contest where gold, blue, red and white ribbons/seals are awarded. Additionally, if there is a Best of Show in that contest, it may also be counted. In peer-to-peer (American) 4-H competition: The 1st or 2nd place of a division, 1st and 2nd place overall, Grand and Reserve Grand Champion may all be counted. Examples: 1st or 2nd place Showmanship; 1st or 2nd place market class Best of: Breed, Class, Division, or Show Director’s Award Honors and Recognitions Outside of 4-H: Select two significant recognitions outside of 4-H and record them here. Examples: Student of the Year Champion Sports team Eagle Scout Honor Roll Musicianship Award 8. Healthy Lifestyle Activities Record participation in organized group activities related to a healthy lifestyle outside of the 4-H program. The idea of this section is to show that you use your free time actively engaged in healthy leisure. This shows you are a person who is connected to your community. Each organization, group, activity or sport counts as one credit per 25 hours of active participation, and can be counted per quarter, up to four times per year. If you did not complete at least 25 hours of active participation, that activity cannot be counted. Examples: Faith-based youth group Employment Music lessons Organization meetings and active participation School or community camp (4-H camp is recorded in category 3 “Events Attended”) Sports teams Extracurricular activities related to school work, such as choir performances, tutoring, etc. You can list the same sport, music instrument, etc., multiple times as long as the dates entered cover a period of time and you have participated at least 25 hours to receive each credit. Examples: If you play an instrument and participate in several performing groups, you may list each group separately as long as each group requires at least 25 hours of practice and performance time. Sarah plays the cello in the school orchestra, the pit orchestra for the school musical, community orchestra and a chamber group. Each group meets at least weekly and they have devoted 25 hours to each group. They may list all four groups as separate credits for Healthy Lifestyle Activities. If you play a sport year-round and devote at least 25 hours per “quarter” (or 3 months) of the program year, you may list it up to four times per program year. Armando plays soccer year-round and practices for 25 hours per season. They can list soccer as a Healthy Lifestyle Activity up to four times (one for each season) in this section and receive four credits. These activities are not counted: Family vacations Academic work during school hours and homework (homeschool or traditional school) Care for your pets or livestock Spectator activities (watching a play, observing a faith-based ceremony or gathering) Events/activities that are not consistent with 4-H policy “Children are our most valuable natural resource.” ~ Herbert Hoover Section 3: My 4-H Story Instructions Your 4-H story is an opportunity to reflect on your 4-H experiences that focuses on the current 4-H year. Your story can be printed on both sides and should meet these minimum word counts. Do not write more than 2000 words. Junior (or first year member): 250 – 500 words Intermediate: 500 – 1000 words Senior: 1000 – 2000 words Follow these formatting guidelines: Double space. Print single OR double sided, you choose. Use an easy-to-read font such as Times New Roman or Garamond. Keep the text size between 12 point and 14 point. The following may help in developing your story: Pick a theme and build the story around that theme so the story flows naturally. If you are having trouble developing a theme, you may use the following questions to help think about what to say. Part 1 - About You What might be one of your Sparks: What are your plans for the future? interests or passions? Part 2 – 4-H Projects and Activities What goals did you set in your projects and which ones did you reach? What would you do differently if you were to try it again? What skills have you learned in 4-H? How have you handled financing your projects, if needed? Who was especially helpful to you? How? Part 3 – Leadership and Civic Engagement How has 4-H helped you become a better leader and citizen? What types of civic engagement projects or leadership roles have you been involved in? How did you work with others to contribute to your community or your school? What have you learned from working with other 4-H'ers through your leadership positions? Part 4 – 4-H’s Impact on You What kinds of relationships have you had with your 4-H leaders? How has your 4-H participation changed how you feel about yourself? How has your participation influenced your school and career goals? What has being a 4-H member meant to you? How has 4-H helped you identify your Spark? Section 4: Annual Project Report (APR) Instructions Projects are all about learning new things and teaching others. Each year you will participate in at least one project. A minimum of six hours of project instruction or more, as required by the project leader, must be completed. Completing this Section This section is used to document your specific project experiences Place items in the following order for each separate project: Annual Project Report (APR) form for every project you have completed. Expression page for that project, behind the APR. Section 4: Annual Project Report Form In the Learning Experiences box, record every project-related activity or event where you learned something new or developed a skill related to the project. Write about what you did, where you did it and what you learned or the skill you practiced. Be sure to list the hours of work you dedicated to that event or activity. In the second, third and fourth tables in the APR: List things raised, grown or improved, honors and awards, civic engagement and leadership activities and keep track of your expenses and income related to that project. To find the value of something you made, you might ask an adult volunteer to help you do some research to find a similar item. You may not participate as a 4-H member in jackpot or prospector shows that do not comply with 4-H Policy. Participation in these shows should NOT be recorded as a 4-H experience or as an “Outside 4-H” experience. Events that do not comply with 4-H Policy may not be recorded in the Record Book at all. Each Annual Project Report form completed and signed by the Project Leader counts as a separate project on the PDR under category 1 (Projects Completed). If you are a Junior or Teen Leader: And you are enrolled in that project, you will complete an APR and LDR (see page 20) for that project. And you are not enrolled in that project, you will not complete an APR, but you will complete an LDR for that project. Expression Page (Not to be confused with the Collection of Work) Include one Expression page for each Annual Project Report. The Expression page must: Teach the reader something that you learned which was interesting to you How you build your Spark(s) through this project The use of photos, drawings, graphics and/or written story should demonstrate something that you learned, which was interesting to you, that you are now teaching the reader. The design should be age appropriate and creative. Page must be one side of an 8 ½” x 11” piece of paper. You may draw, write, use graphic design elements, or other creative elements, etc. The Expression Pages are not to be used to expand the Collection of Work. Section 5: Collection of 4-H Work Your Collection of 4-H Work supports the other sections of your Record Book. It is an opportunity for you to display what you have done and learned throughout the year through photos, samples and examples. If you listed something in your PDR or APR, this is a good place to show an example of that. The Collection of 4-H Work should not be more than 11+ pages and follow the standard formatting and paper guidelines except as noted below. You can have a few more than 11 pages, if one brochure or one letter is more than one page. The following items may be included. Items may be compiled in any order and must represent the current 4-H year. Newspaper or Newsletter Articles 2 pages maximum Limited to two pages, each side counts as a page. Newspaper or newsletter articles must be written by you or can be about you. If an article is about you, you can’t get Communication credits for it, but it’s nice to put them in this section. Articles may not be shingled—that means not stacked on top of each other. It’s best to make a photocopy of a newspaper article and put the whole sheet of paper in the Record Book. Digital copies or printouts from on-line sources are acceptable. List source and date. Flyers or Brochures 2 maximum Limited to two brochures or flyers, single or double sided. Flyers or brochures must feature you or must have been created by you. Brochures may be attached to a standard sheet of paper or hole-punched and inserted. Do not use plastic sheet covers. Letters or Certificates 2 maximum Limited to two letters and/or certificates. Letters may either be written by you or about you. Certificates must have been presented to you in the current year. Photographs 5 pages maximum Limited to five pages, each side counts as a page Photographs should show project work, leadership and civic engagement activities. They should demonstrate your Spark(s). Captions for each photo should explain what is taking place in the photograph and indicating when and where the photograph was taken. Space used for captions counts as part of the five pages. Pictures may not be shingled—not stacked on top of each other. They must be firmly attached to the page (no “flip-ups”). Digital or computerized photos are acceptable. You may use photo quality paper. Total: 11+ pages maximum Section 6: Leadership Development Report (LDR) Instructions (Intermediate and Senior Members Only) This Report is completed by intermediate and senior members only. You can learn valuable leadership skills in the 4-H program by participating in many leadership activities and in different roles. Work collaboratively with your adult volunteers to set goals, develop lesson plans, teach skills and evaluate the activity or project. Coordinate details such as meeting times, locations, materials and supplies and expenses with the adult volunteer. Communicate with the adult volunteer and members about group expectations, responsibilities and expected outcomes. Keep track of your hours in a calendar, notebook or journal. It is okay if it takes more than one year to complete the 20 hours—you just have to complete 20 hours in the same role for it to count in this category. Complete Part 1 Pre and Post in the year when you start your role and complete Part 2 Pre and Post in the year that you finish. This form has two parts and each part has beginning of the year and end of the year components (Pre and Post). Part 1 (Pre): At the beginning of the year, explain all of your leadership roles and why they are important to you. Set personal leadership goals to be accomplished by the end of the program year. Part 1 (Post): At the end of the year, reflect on how your experiences throughout the year contributed to your development as a leader. Part 2: Complete one set (Pre and Post) per leadership role. Explain how the goals set in Part 1 (Pre) will be accomplished and are relevant to each leadership role. Complete Part 2 (Pre) at the beginning of the program year Complete Part 2 (Post) at the end of the program year Example: If you are a Junior Leader and you are the Secretary of your club at the beginning of the year, you will complete: Part 1 (Pre) once for everything Part 2 (Pre) one for your Junior Leader role and one for your Secretary role At the end of the year, you will complete: Part 1 (Post) for everything Part 2 (Post) one for your Junior Leader role and one for your Secretary role To meet the Star Rank criteria for gold and platinum stars, you must hold significant leadership roles that require 20 hours or more of leadership contribution. Count all of your trainings, meeting, planning and research hours as well as the hours spent leading the activity or event. You must complete the Leadership Development Report form to receive credit for these roles. Each “Part 2, including both Pre and Post” of the Leadership Development Report form completed and signed by an Adult Volunteer, counts as a separate credit on the PDR under category 4 (Leadership Development). All Leadership Development Reports are placed in their own section in the Record Book. Leadership Development Report Frequently Asked Questions How do I know if I need to complete an LDR? If you are working on your Gold or Platinum Star Rank, you need to earn two credits in the Significant Leadership category for each of those ranks—a total of four. So you would need to complete an LDR for four leadership roles over time. If you are not working on Star Ranks, and you want to submit your book to competition at any level, you must complete at least one LDR to get full leadership points on the score form. In this case, choose the leadership role where you learned or grew the most or was the one most important to you and complete one LDR for that role. Can I accumulate hours over more than one year to count on the LDR? Yes, in the same role (if you are a junior leader one year and a teen leader the next year for the same project, this counts as the same role). Keep track of the hours you spend on leadership role in a calendar, journal or other document. In the first year, complete Part 1 and Part 2 Pre and make a goal that you plan to complete your 20 hours over two years. Then in the second year, complete Part 1 and Part 2 Post and talk about how you achieved your goal to complete 20 hours over the two years. Be sure to be specific about how you completed the 20 hours. If you submit your book for county or state competition, in year one, include Part 1 and Part 2 Pre forms. In year two, include Part 1 and Part 2 both Pre and Post forms. The LDR is for Intermediate and Senior members only. Can Junior members who are Club Officers complete the LDR and get Significant Leadership credit? Yes, under these conditions: You are a Club Officer You already have earned a Silver or Gold Star and you are working on either Gold or Platinum Star You believe you understand all of the questions in the LDR and you believe that you can learn something by completing them. You should work with an adult to help you decide if these forms are right for you. If I don’t want to complete an LDR do I have to? No, you do not have to complete any parts of the Record Book if you don’t want to—it’s your book—do the parts that are meaningful to you. Here are some reasons to complete the LDR that you might want to think about: If a full Record Book is required by the fair that you want to enter—you should complete it. If you want to participate in county or state Record Book competitions—you will get more Leadership points if you complete it. If you are thinking about going to college or applying for a job someday, a complete Record Book will help you remember all of the leadership skills that you have developed. If I don’t have enough hours to complete the LDR, but I still want Leadership credits, where do I record those? In the PDR. You can record leadership activity in the PDR, Section 4, as long as it meets the criteria listed on page 12 of this manual. If I take a leadership development training (not a project) can I count the hours that I spent in training more than once for multiple Significant Leadership roles? No—good question, though! Count it once and if it were us, we would use it where you need the most hours to reach your 20 hours. Section 7: 4-H Resume (Senior Members Only) resume is an opportunity to show your strengths, skills, talents and creativity. You want to stand out and be remembered and at the same time present yourself professionally. If you want to be creative in the style and design, try to follow these tips: Use no more than 2 different fonts and no more than 3 different sizes of fonts. Follow a pattern of font use, heading use and description format Leave plenty of white space on the page, consider 1 inch margins all around Use bullet points and phrases instead of full sentences except in the Personal Development Statement—use full sentences there. 4-H Record Book Resume: Maximum of 2 pages. Each side counts as a page. Highlight your 4-H experiences and include a little of your outside of 4-H involvement— highlight the most significant skills you have gained, the ones that you are most proud of. Include the following:  Name, Address, Phone, Email in a heading  Personal Development Statement: One to three sentences that describe what you stand for and what you aspire to become as a human being. It is not a statement of what you want to do, but rather how you want to be in the world.  Education and Professional Development: Highest grade achieved so far. Trainings and specialized course work.  Leadership Skills: Describe skills you have gained through significant leadership roles you have filled. Include date range of experience. Example: Co-Chair, County Harvest Festival, August - October 2014: With an adult volunteer, planned and organized a countywide event for 500 people. Developed problem-solving, group management and organizational skills.  Civic Engagement Skills: Same format as Leadership Skills.  Other Skills: Examples: Expert pianist, 10 years of lessons and over 100 recitals 300 hours work experience in housing painting  Certificates & Honors: List name of certificate and who issued it. Example: Lifeguard/Professional CPR, American Red Cross, August 2015 Evaluation and Competition 4-H Record Book competitions measure your leadership development, civic engagement activities and personal growth, as well as project involvement. 4-H Record Books may be evaluated at the club, county and state levels. The Purpose of Record Book Competitions: Provide an incentive for you to record your project work and personal achievement. Receive feedback and encouragement on your 4-H project skill development, leadership and civic engagement development and record-keeping skills. Get recognized for outstanding 4-H work! After completing your Record Book, you can submit your book to competitions at the club, county and/or state level. Club and county level competitions are not required for State Evaluation. Club Review and Evaluation Record Books are usually reviewed and may be evaluated by adult volunteers (this varies between clubs). If books are evaluated, it must follow the State guidelines for evaluation. Star Ranks are awarded at the club level and may include a county review and verification process, which could be a different process than County Competition. County Competition This level of competition is not the same in all counties so check with your County 4-H Office to find out what your county does. The State 4-H Incentives and Recognition Advisory Committee requires the use of the County Record Book Evaluation Worksheet, posted on the State 4-H website. State Competition Only senior members (ages 14 – 18) are eligible to submit Record Books to State Competition. Your book will be evaluated against standards found on the State Competition Evaluation Worksheet. You do not need to win or even enter your County Competition in order to submit your Record Book to State Competition. You must complete all of the pre-requisites to submit your book to State Competition. See the annual Record Book Evaluation Process form for specific information, found at: http://4h.ucanr.edu/Resources/Members/RecordBook/RBCompetition/ Please do not make any changes to the forms, formatting or requirements outlined in this manual. Inaccurate forms are reasons for disqualification from competition. Submitting Your Book to State Competition If you are a senior member (14-19 years old) you are eligible to submit your book to State Competition! It’s a great learning experience, a chance to receive feedback on your record keeping skills and participation in 4-H and it’s another opportunity to earn recognition. Once you’ve completed your book, there are a few steps you must go through before submitting it to State Competition. All of this information can also be found on the State website at: http://4h.ucanr.edu/Resources/Members/RecordBook/RBCompetition/ If you are planning to submit your Record Book to state competition you must complete this form by the published due date of the year you plan to enter competition. The State 4-H Evaluation Cover Page must be included with your 4-H Record Book entered for state competition. The Cover Page may not be altered. 4-H Record Books missing the Cover Page will be reason for disqualification. County Check Sheet must be included with your 4-H Record Book entered for state competition. 4-H Staff from the County 4-H Cooperative Extension Office, must complete the checklist and ensure the completeness of the 4-H Record Book. 4-H Record Books missing the Check Sheet is reason for disqualification. Send your physical book or a digital copy to your County 4-H Office by their established deadline. Counties are then responsible for sending digital scans of Record Books to the State Office. Email Gemma Miner (gmminer@ucanr.edu) with any questions. 4-H Record Book Resources http://4h.ucanr.edu/Resources/Member_Resources/RecordBook/ Join the 4-H Record Book Support Discussion Board (to be determined) Questions and comments may be directed to: California State 4-H Office 2801 2nd Street Davis, CA 95618-7774 (530)-750-1334 ca4h@ucanr.edu Have Questions? Need Support? Join our private Facebook Group. (this replaces the old Yahoo Group)
msmarco_doc_00_26359190
http://4hatsandfrugal.com/2013/06/how-to-set-quarterly-goals.html
How to Set Quarterly Goals - 4 Hats and Frugal
How to Set Quarterly Goals How to Set Quarterly Goals Sharing is caring! Set Quarterly Goals The Right Way Step 1: List your accomplished goals Step 2: Create categories Step 3: Set those quarterly goals in stone Step 4: Get visual What are some of your quarterly goals for the next 3 months? Have you written them down?
How to Set Quarterly Goals - 4 Hats and Frugal How to Set Quarterly Goals Sharing is caring! Now is the perfect time to start thinking about what your goals will be for the rest of the year. I’ve found that I do much better with setting quarterly goals, rather than making yearly resolutions. The key is to figure out how you want to categorize your goals. Set Quarterly Goals The Right Way I’ve talked about making goals previously on the blog, so getting down to creating quarterly ones for myself is so important to me. Just a note: this is how I set quarterly goals, so feel free to use the guide for yourself or at least feel inspired to go your own route and make your own. Step 1: List your accomplished goals How can you make new goals without seeing which ones have been accomplished? By taking accountability of what goals have come to fruition and which ones you still need to work on, you can easily make your goal list for the next quarter. Write it down in a list, or make a video where you tell your favorite accomplished goals during the last quarter. By getting them out in the open, you’ll also be able to see which goals you’d like to build upon and which one aren’t worth the extra energy in the upcoming months. Step 2: Create categories This is where your personal preference will come into play. When picking categories for your goals, try to keep them down to 4 or 5. I’ve selected 4 categories: work, home, voluteering and me. Yes, I have a me category! One of my biggest mistakes is leaving myself off of my list of priorities and goals. I’m changing that this year. Also, I like to keep my categories a bit generalized (hence the “home” instead of “family” category) so I can place a few different goals in each one. For example, within my work category, I have goals for this here blog, as well as goals for my military career. Step 3: Set those quarterly goals in stone We as a society tend to love creating to-do lists, and then adding more “to-dos” to it as we complete a task. For your quarterly goals, don’t do that. Once you accomplish a goal, you’ll have the duty of maintaining that accomplishment. Adding on yet another goal mid-quarter will only stress you out. Also, by accomplishing a goal, some of that energy can be transferred to another goal on the list. Step 4: Get visual Set quarterly goals by writing them down in a journal, notebook, or get really crafty and create a big poster board with all goals categorized and in lots of bright colors. Cross them off of the list as you accomplish each one. By visually seeing all goals and crossing them off as they are attained, you’ll be able to create more motivation as the weeks go along, and your momentum will be less likely to falter. When I put goals on my poster board, I use colorful post it notes for each goal. Then, once they are accomplished, I take the note down. For me, It helps to see the goals “disappearing” as I accomplish them. Since I am an uber-visual learner, I not only place my goals on a poster board, but I’ve recently announced them in a video. What are some of your quarterly goals for the next 3 months? Have you written them down? This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed.
msmarco_doc_00_26441269
http://4hforestryinvitational.org/training/topographic-map-contest/determining-elevation-change
Determining the Difference in Elevation — 4H Forestry Invitational
Determining the Difference in Elevation Determining the Difference in Elevation
Determining the Difference in Elevation — 4H Forestry Invitational Determining the Difference in Elevation Navigation Contour lines are the continuous brown lines found on topographic maps. They provide a reference for elevation. Every 5th contour line is dark brown. These lines are called "Index Contours", and often have a number associated with them that indicates the elevation they represent. The distance between contour lines is called the "Contour Interval". All USGS 7.5 minute quadrangle topographic maps will have the words "Contour Interval 20 Feet" either in the map legend or in the bottom frame. The number 20 indicates their is an elevation change of 20ft between contour lines. This interval may vary if they are not USGS 7.5 minute quadrangle maps, so please be sure to check the interval in the legend at the bottom of the map. To determine the difference in elevation between two points, determine the elevation at each point and then calculate the difference. Record your answer in feet. In the example below, point A is at 1220 ft. and point B is at 1800 ft. The difference between 1800 ft. and 1220 ft. = 580 ft.
msmarco_doc_00_26445152
http://4humanities.org/2014/12/what-are-the-humanities/
What Are the Humanities? | 4Humanities
4Humanities 4Humanities What Are the Humanities? Posted by Alan Liu Here are five good, short definitions of the humanities. Post navigation
What Are the Humanities? | 4Humanities 4Humanities What Are the Humanities? Posted by Alan Liu December 21, 2014 Bibliography on the Humanities Alan Liu Here are five good, short definitions of the humanities. These definitions are a sample from a variety of sources and more than one nation–something like a starter kit on the humanities (and their overlapping relation with what different countries also call “the liberal arts,” “the arts,” “humanities and arts,” and sometimes also the humanistically-oriented “social sciences.” “The term ‘humanities’ includes, but is not limited to, the study and interpretation of the following: language, both modern and classical; linguistics; literature; history; jurisprudence; philosophy; archaeology; comparative religion; ethics; the history, criticism and theory of the arts; those aspects of social sciences which have humanistic content and employ humanistic methods; and the study and application of the humanities to the human environment with particular attention to reflecting our diverse heritage, traditions, and history and to the relevance of the humanities to the current conditions of national life.” — National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities Act, 1965, as amended (the U. S. Congressional Act that created the National Endowment for the Humanities) “The humanities—including the study of languages, literature, history, jurisprudence, philosophy, comparative religion, ethics, and the arts—are disciplines of memory and imagination, telling us where we have been and helping us envision where we are going.” — The Heart of the Matter (Report of the American Academy of Arts & Science’s Commission on the Humanities and Social Sciences to the U. S. Congress in June 2013) “What are the humanities? It is like the notion of ‘time’ in St. Augustine: if you don’t ask, we know, but if you ask, we are left empty handed. Since the nineteenth century the humanities have generally been defined as the disciplines that investigate the expressions of the human mind. Such expressions include language, music, art, literature, theatre, and poetry. Thus, philology, linguistics, musicology, art history, literary studies, and theatre studies all belong to the realm of the humanities.” –Rens Bod, A New History of the Humanities: The Search for Principles and Patterns from Antiquity to the Present (Oxford Univ. Press, 2013) “Research stemming from a detailed understanding of human behaviour, economies, cultures and societies can dramatically redefine the crucial decisions we need to make. These decisions may involve the future direction of our economy, ways of broadening and strengthening education provision at all levels, or how we deal with the effects of climate or constitutional change… The humanities and social sciences teach us how people have created their world, and how they in turn are created by it.” –The British Academy for Humanities & Social Sciences, “Press Pack”. “The humanities are academic disciplines that study human culture. The humanities use methods that are primarily critical, or speculative, and have a significant historical element—as distinguished from the mainly empirical approaches of the natural sciences. The humanities include ancient and modern languages, literature, philosophy, religion, and visual and performing arts such as music and theatre. Areas that are sometimes regarded as social sciences and sometimes as humanities include history, archaeology, anthropology, area studies, communication studies, classical studies, law and linguistics…. The humanities and social sciences teach us how people have created their world, and how they in turn are created by it.” –Wikipedia, “Humanities,” 2014. Post navigation ← Phronēsis and the End of the Liberal Arts Guide to Issues in Humanities Advocacy →
msmarco_doc_00_26446642
http://4k-karate.org/shorei-goju-ryu-karate/
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msmarco_doc_00_26451014
http://4k-solution.com/play-4k-videos-with-surface-pro-4/
How to play 4K Videos with Surface Pro 4 Windows 10 tablet? – 4K Solutions
How to play 4K Videos with Surface Pro 4 Windows 10 tablet? How to play 4K Videos with Surface Pro 4 Windows 10 tablet? How to play 4K Videos with Surface Pro 4 Windows 10 tablet? How to View 4K Videos in Surface Pro 4 Surface Pro 4 Supported Video Formats Leave a Reply
How to play 4K Videos with Surface Pro 4 Windows 10 tablet? – 4K Solutions Store Product What are you looking for useful tips? Pavtube Video Converter Pavtube Video Converter for Mac Pavtube HD Video Converter Pavtube HD Video Converter for Mac Pavtube MTS M2TS Converter for Mac Pavtube MXF Converter for Mac Pavtube iMixMXF Pavtube Video Converter Ultimate Pavtube iMedia Converter for Mac Resource What are you looking for useful tips? 4K Compressor 4K Share 4K TV (TV Box) 4K Cameras Storage/Server 4K Formats H.265 (HEVC) 4K XAVC 4K MP4 4K MOV 4K AVI 4K MXF 4K Player Desktop Player Hardware Player Game Consoles Mobile Devices 4K Editor Adobe Premiere Avid Media Composer DaVinci Resolve iMovie/FCE Windows Movie Maker Sony Vegas GoPro Studio Edius Pro Hot Topics Special Offer Download ☰ How to play 4K Videos with Surface Pro 4 Windows 10 tablet? Home How to play 4K Videos with Surface Pro 4 Windows 10 tablet? All Topics Convert Video 4K AVI 4K Video 4K MOV 4K MP4 4K MXF H.265 XAVC Blu-ray/DVD Devices 4k Camera 4K Projector 4K TV Desktop Player Game Console Hardware Player Mobile Devices Storage Edit Video Adobe Pinnacle Sony Vegas WMM Avid Davinci Edius GoPro FCP iMovie 4K Editor Online Review 4K Share 4K Compressor How to play 4K Videos with Surface Pro 4 Windows 10 tablet? October 15, 2015 Category : Mobile Devices With an October launch, the Surface Pro 4 is also expected to come with the first major Windows 10 upgrade and will be divided into two screen categories; namely 12 and 14 inches. The low end Surface Pro 4 will be coming with the same display resolution as last year, while the high end variant is expected to go as high as 4K. What’s more, the battery lasts up to 9 hours so you can work uninterrupted. So if you are out for traveling, it is a good choice for you to watch 4K movies on Surface Pro 4 just for fun or for displaying during a meeting. To watch 4K movies on Surface Pro 4 online, you need to click on the gear icon, move to Quality option and choose 2160p 4k. But please note that watching 4K content requires a 25Mbps or faster downstream internet connection which is faster than most people have. Thus, watching online 4K movies on Surface Pro 4 may be stutter. Yes, it is true that Microsoft has offered 4K playback support on Surface Pro 4 which means you can play downloaded 4K movies on Surface Pro 4 offline. Due to the native support for MKV on Windows 10, playing 4K movies wrapped by MKV on Surface Pro 4 is no problem. However, if you have 4K movies in format like MTS, MOV, FLV, etc. which is not supported by Surface Pro 4, a video converter for Surface Pro 4 is necessary, better with a long list of input/output video codecs, fast converting speed and ability to maintain the original quality. What’s more, you also need to scale the 4K resolution and tweaking a setting. To accomplish all the tasks, we can recommend you Pavtube Video Converter, which is an all-in-one tool that can help you to convert and downscale 4K videos for Surface Pro 4 within one stop. Just like the way it is dealing with 1080p videos, it is surely in the support of converting 4K videos in any formats faultlessly. With it, you can fast convert 4K Ultra HD videos in MP4, MKV, MXF, XAVC, WMV, AVI, or any other extension to Surface Pro 4 playable format with least quality loss. Plus, this 4K video converting software provides the optimal presets for portable devices like iPad, iPhone, Galaxy Tablet, Kindle Fire HDX; editing programs like Adobe Premiere Pro, Avid MC, etc for better enjoying, editing 4K files. It is also available to customize the output resolutions to any size the users want. For Mac users, turn to Pavtube Video Converter for Mac to ensure perfect 4K playback (Compatible with Windows 10, Windows 8.1, Windows 8, Windows 7, Windows XPmacOS Sierra, El Capitan Yosemite, Mavericks, Lion included) Other Download: – Pavtube old official address: http://www.pavtube.com/video_converter/ – Cnet Download: http://download.cnet.com/Pavtube-Video-Converter/3000-2194_4-75734821.html How to View 4K Videos in Surface Pro 4 1. Load 4K footage Launch the 4K to Surface Pro 4 Converter Mac. Drag & drop 4K files to the program directly and your files would be added instantaneously. Or you can head to the “Add video” button to locate the 4K videos you want to add. 2. Select output format Click format you choose “Windows > Microsoft Surface Windows RT/Pro H.264 Video (*.mp4)” as the output format. Or select .mp4 from Common Video or HD Video. Surface Pro 4 Supported Video Formats File/Stream Formats: MKV, MPEG-4, ASF, MPEG-2 PS, MPEG-2 TS, 3GPP, 3GPP2, AVI Codecs: H.265, H.264, H.263, Motion JPEG, MPEG-1, MPEG-2, MPEG-4, VC-1, WMV, DV, Raw Surface Hub Supported Audio Formats File/Stream Formats: FLAC, MPEG-4, MP3, ASF, AAC, ADTS, WAV Codecs: AAC, HE-AAC, Dolby Digital, MP3, WMA, MPEG-1, MPEG-2, ULAW, PCM 3. Tweak video, audio settings Click “Settings” button; you can adjust video and audio settings, including codec, aspect ratio, bit rate, frame rate, sample rate, and audio channel. To downsacle 4K to 1080p for easier playback, you just need to adjust video size to 1920*1080. 4. Start 4K to Surface Pro 4 conversion Hit the “Convert” button to let this smart converter start encoding 4K to Surface Pro 4. When the conversion is done, you can play the converted 4K videos on Surface Pro 4 without hassle. « Get 4K movies to play on 4K 21.5-Inch iMac (El Capitan) Connect and Play DVD movies on Vizio M Series TV » Leave a Reply Cancel reply You must be logged in to post a comment. Archives August 2017 July 2017 June 2017 May 2017 April 2017 March 2017 February 2017 January 2017 December 2016 November 2016 October 2016 September 2016 August 2016 July 2016 June 2016 May 2016 April 2016 March 2016 February 2016 January 2016 December 2015 November 2015 October 2015 September 2015 August 2015
msmarco_doc_00_26451295
http://4k-solution.com/upload-4k-video-to-facebook/
Upload 4K Video to Facebook – 4K Solutions
Upload 4K Video to Facebook Upload 4K Video to Facebook Upload 4K Video to Facebook Facebook adapts to 4K video Facebook supported upload formats and size File size and video length limitation Best 4K Video Converter for Facebook uploading Trim or split 4K video for Facebook How to Compress and Convert 4K Video for Facebook Smooth Uploading with Best Quality? Step 1: Load 4K video into the application. Step 2: Define the output format. Step 3: Trim or split 4K video. Trim Split Step 4: Start the final conversion process. Leave a Reply
Upload 4K Video to Facebook – 4K Solutions Store Product What are you looking for useful tips? Pavtube Video Converter Pavtube Video Converter for Mac Pavtube HD Video Converter Pavtube HD Video Converter for Mac Pavtube MTS M2TS Converter for Mac Pavtube MXF Converter for Mac Pavtube iMixMXF Pavtube Video Converter Ultimate Pavtube iMedia Converter for Mac Resource What are you looking for useful tips? 4K Compressor 4K Share 4K TV (TV Box) 4K Cameras Storage/Server 4K Formats H.265 (HEVC) 4K XAVC 4K MP4 4K MOV 4K AVI 4K MXF 4K Player Desktop Player Hardware Player Game Consoles Mobile Devices 4K Editor Adobe Premiere Avid Media Composer DaVinci Resolve iMovie/FCE Windows Movie Maker Sony Vegas GoPro Studio Edius Pro Hot Topics Special Offer Download ☰ Upload 4K Video to Facebook Home Upload 4K Video to Facebook All Topics Convert Video 4K AVI 4K Video 4K MOV 4K MP4 4K MXF H.265 XAVC Blu-ray/DVD Devices 4k Camera 4K Projector 4K TV Desktop Player Game Console Hardware Player Mobile Devices Storage Edit Video Adobe Pinnacle Sony Vegas WMM Avid Davinci Edius GoPro FCP iMovie 4K Editor Online Review 4K Share 4K Compressor Upload 4K Video to Facebook December 12, 2017 Category : 4K Formats Facebook adapts to 4K video For those people who are sick of your beautiful video looking crummy on Facebook, there are some good news for you. The company is starting to test 4K video support by giving a small group of profiles and pages the ability to upload 4K videos at 2160p resolution – the same standard as 4K Ultra HD sets. Facebook won’t say if or when it plans to expand the upload support to more accounts, but the current test should be a promising sign to content creators even if it’s coming much later than many would have liked. From above information, we can see that only a small group of profiles and pages gains the permission to share 4K video on Facebook. Most Facebook users is still limited to upload video to Facebook with the maximum resolution of 1980 x 1020. For those people who have recorded some 4K video with your smartphone, camera or camcorder, you will definitely need to compress 4K to 1080p that Facebook supports. Related article: Upload 4K to YouTube | Upload Red One 4K to YouTube Facebook supported upload formats and size Before downscaling 4K video to 1080p for Facebook sharing, you should also be clear what video formats requirements and and file size upload limitation for Facebook. List of Facebook supported uploading formats 3G2, 3GP, 3GPP, ASF, AVI, DAT, DIVX, DV, F4V, FLV, M2TS, M4V, MKV, MOD, MOV, MP4, MPE, MPEG, MPEG-4, MPG, MTS, NSV, OGM, OGV, QT, TOD, TS, VOB, and WMV. Although Facebook has uploading support for a wide range of file formats. However, only proper file format won’t ensure you a successful uploading. There are still other important factors such as video codec, file size, frame rate, aspect ratio, etc that will influence your uploading process and quality. Proper video/audio profile settings Video Profile Settings Codec The best format to upload to Facebook is H.264 video with AAC audio in MP4 or MOV format. It currently gives you a great bang for your buck in the file size to relative quality ratio, offering the best video compression available, and due to the file size limitations, this format is the optimal choice for Facebook video. And there’s no need to change the parameter during Facebook uploading. Resolution Use a file with the larger edge of the video constrained to1280px. If your video is less than 1280px in size on the larger edge, try to keep your dimensions to multiples of 16px for best compression. Frame Rate Usually videos have the best quality if the frame rate is between 25-30 fps. So you are recommended to keep the frame rate of your video at or below30fps. Aspect Ratio The aspect ratio of the video must be within the range of 9×16 to 16x9which most videos should have, and the video exceeding the file size or length that the upload page suggests will be rejected. Bitrate There is no recommendation for Bitrate as it highly rests upon codec. So you are suggested to optimize video for resolution, aspect ratio and frame rate rather than bitrate. Audio Profile Settings Codec MP3 is preferred Samping Rate Use stereo audio with a sample rate of 44,100hz. Channels The number of audio channels will be maintained for stereo and mono streams. 5.1-channel audio will be down-mixed to stereo. All other channel configurations are currently unsupported. File size and video length limitation Video length: the maximum length for a video is 120 minutes File size: 4 GB Best 4K Video Converter for Facebook uploading To produce a video from 4K video that meet all the requirements listed above, you can download our best 4K Video to Facebook Converter – Pavtube Video Converter. The program has full importing support for all 4K video wrapped with different container file formats such as AVI/WMV/MP4/MOV/MKV/MXF/TS/XAVC/XAVC S and compression codec like H.264, H.265, Prores, etc. Thanks to its batch conversion mode, you can load multiple video into the application at one time for conversion. The program not only assists you to transcode and compress 4K video to Facebook supported uploading 1080p or 720p or SD file formats listed above, but also facilitate you to flexibly adjust output profile parameters such as video codec, resolution, bit rate, frame rate and audio codec, bit rate, sample rate and channels to produce the best uploading settings for Facebook. Trim or split 4K video for Facebook If the video length of your 4K video exceeds 120 minutes, you can use the trim function to shorten the video length, if your 4K video is larger than 4GB, you can use the splitting function offered by the program to split it into smaller parts by file size, count or length. How to Compress and Convert 4K Video for Facebook Smooth Uploading with Best Quality? Step 1: Load 4K video into the application. Download the free trial version of the program. Launch it on your computer. Click “File” menu and select “Add Video/Audio” or click the “Add Video” button on the top tool bar to import source 4K video files into the program. Step 2: Define the output format. Clicking the Format bar, from its drop-down list, select Facebook most favorable “H.264 HD Video (*.mp4)” under “HD Video” main category. Tips: Click “Settings” on the main interface to open “Profile Settings” window, here, you can adjust the output profile parameters to export Facebook best compatible H.264 video codec, 1080p or 720p resolution or others, bit rate, frame rate between 25-30fps, audio codec as AAC, bit rate, sample rate as 44100, channels as stereo or mono, etc. Step 3: Trim or split 4K video. Trim In the video editor window, choose the “Trim” tab and this tab is selected by default when the editing window appears. The “Trim” feature allows users to decide where to start and where to end when converting the selected clip, so that unwanted segments will be cut out after conversion. To trim a video, switch to “Trim” tab in “Video Editor” window and follow any of the methods below: 1. Drag the control sliders to include the segment you want to remain. 2. Click the left square bracket to set start point, and click the right square bracket to set end point when previewing the video. 3. Input specific values to “Start” and “End” box. Split Click the split button on the file list to launch the Video Split window. Ticking “Enable” option, you can split the file by file count, time length, or file size. Step 4: Start the final conversion process. After all setting is completed, hit the “Convert” button at the right bottom of the main interface to begin 4K video to Facebook supported 1080p video with compatible file format, profile parameters, size and video length. When the conversion is finished, click “Open Output Folder” icon on the main interface to open the folder with generated files. Then you can fast upload compressed 4K video for Facebook uploading with best quality. « Stream 4K Video to Tivo Bolt via Plex Upload 4K Video to Vimeo » Leave a Reply Cancel reply You must be logged in to post a comment. 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msmarco_doc_00_26457880
http://4k.com/gaming/
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msmarco_doc_00_26467513
http://4k.com/va-display-panels-vs-ips-display-panels-in-4k-hdr-tvs-what-you-need-to-know-19275-2/
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msmarco_doc_00_26467690
http://4kcc.com/How2/ar_update.html
How To Update Adobe Reader
How To Update Adobe Reader How To Update Adobe Reader
How To Update Adobe Reader How To Update Adobe Reader Updating Adobe Reader is very simple. Here are the steps you can use to make sure your Adobe Reader is up-to-date within the same version number: 1) Go to the Adobe Reader icon and open Adobe Reader. 2) When Adobe Reader opens, go to the HELP MENU. 3) From the drop-down menu, choose CHECK FOR UPDATES. 4.1) If your version of Adobe Reader is up-to-date, you will receive the following screen message: Simply choose QUIT and you have completed the process. 4.2 If there are updates available for your version of Adobe Reader, a message similar to this one will appear on the screen: 5) As the updating process proceeds, you will usually receive the following message: 6) Click CONTINUE to finish the updating procedure. 7) When the update is completed, you will receive the following message: 8) Choose QUIT and you've finished the updating process.
msmarco_doc_00_26467944
http://4kcc.com/How2/sp_version.html
How To Find Which Service Packs (SP) Are Installed In Your Microsoft Software
In Windows XP, Windows Vista and Windows 7 In Microsoft Office 2003: In Microsoft Office 2007: In Microsoft Office 2010: In Microsoft Office 2013:
How To Find Which Service Packs (SP) Are Installed In Your Microsoft Software Service Packs are software updates from Microsoft (some other companies use the term, as well) which may contain updates making the software more reliable, more compatible and more secure. Service Packs can only be installed if there's a previous version of the same product on a computer. Microsoft issues service packs for its operating system and for its Office Suites. This is the list of the most current service packs: For Windows XP Service Pack 3 For Windows Vista Service Pack 2 For Windows 7 Service Pack 1 For Office 2003 Service Pack 3 For Office 2007 Service Pack 3 For Office 2010 Service Pack 2 For Office 2013 Service Pack 1 How can you tell which Service Pack you have? Here's how to check: In Windows XP, Windows Vista and Windows 7 1) From the Start Menu, RIGHT-click on (My) Computer. (It's only called "My" in Windows XP.) 2) Left-click on PROPERTIES. 3) At the top of the System Properties window, you will find both the version of Windows you are operating and which Service Pack is installed, if any. Here's an example from Windows 7 (notice it has Service Pack 1 installed) and another example from Windows XP (SP3). Windows Vista would look the same as this Windows 7 screen. In Microsoft Office 2003: 1) Open Word. 2) Click on the HELP menu. 3) Click on About Microsoft Office Word. The edition and the service packs installed, if any, will be listed at the top of the window which appears. In Microsoft Office 2007: 1) Open Word. 2) Click on the Windows Logo drop-down menu in the upper left-hand corner of Word. 3) Click on Word Options. 4) In the left column, click on RESOURCES. 5) On the right-hand side of the window, find ABOUT Microsoft Office Word. The version and any service packs will be listed directly underneath. In Microsoft Office 2010: 1) Open Word or any other Office Program. 2) On the FILE menu, choose HELP. 3) Under "About Microsoft Word." Click on "Additional Version and Copyright Information." 4) You'll find the Office 2010 Version and Service Pack information at the top of the new window which appears. In Microsoft Office 2013: 1) Open Word or any other Office Program. 2) On the FILE menu, choose ACCOUNT. 3) Under "Product Information,"click on "ABOUT WORD" (Or whichever Office Product you opened.). 4) You'll find the Office 2013 Version at the top of the new window which appears. You have service pack 1 if the version is higher than 15.0.4569.1506.
msmarco_doc_00_26469064
http://4kidsortho.com/trigger-finger.html
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msmarco_doc_00_26471964
http://4kmand4kj.global2.vic.edu.au/2012/11/09/procedural-texts/
Procedural Texts | 4KM and 4KJ @ Leopold PS
Procedural Texts Procedural Texts During the year, 4KM and 4KJ have focussed on a variety of text types or genres during our writing lessons. This week we have been writing procedural texts. Here are two examples of procedural texts that were written in our class this week… How to Eat a Banana What you need: Method: How to Brush Your Teeth Requirements: Instructions: What did you think of Trent and Liv’s procedural texts? When have you used a procedural text to make or do something? Do you have a favourite text type or genre of writing?
Procedural Texts | 4KM and 4KJ @ Leopold PS Post navigation ← Previous Next → Procedural Texts Posted on November 9, 2012 by Miss Kelly Jordan During the year, 4KM and 4KJ have focussed on a variety of text types or genres during our writing lessons. This week we have been writing procedural texts. A procedural text instructs the reader how to do or make something. There are usually three parts to a procedural text: 1. The goal or title – this tells the reader what will be achieved. 2. Requirements or materials – a list of the items needed to achieve the goal. 3. Instructions or method – a step by step description of what the reader needs to do to achieve the goal. Common procedural texts are recipes, rules for games, science experiments, instructional manuals (eg. putting furniture or toys together) and operating manuals (eg. how to operate a vacuum cleaner). We learnt that it is very important to be specific when writing the instructions. Every detail possible should be included so that the reader knows exactly what to do. Here are two examples of procedural texts that were written in our class this week… How to Eat a Banana By Trent What you need: A banana Method: 1. Firstly, you must get a banana. 2. Hold the banana in your hand with the stem up. 3. Hold the stem with your hand. 4. Pull skin back in any direction. 5. One strip of the banana skin should be off. 6. Get the other two strips of skin and pull them down. 7. All strips of skin should now be down. 8. Hold the banana up to your mouth. 9. Put half a mouthful of banana into your mouth and bite it off. 10. Take the banana away from your mouth. 11. Chew it. 12. Do everything from step 8-13 until done. 13. When finished, put the banana skin in the bin. **************** How to Brush Your Teeth By Liv Requirements: A soft bristle toothbrush Fluoride toothpaste Sink Mouthwash or water Cup (optional) Floss (optional) Instructions: 1. With the toothbrush in one of your hands, squeeze a centimetre of toothpaste onto the bristles of the toothbrush. 2. Turn the tap on cold, and wet your toothbrush to let the toothpaste soften. 3. Put the toothbrush into your mouth and slowly brush in small circles. 4. Make sure you brush all of your top teeth and your bottom teeth, back and front. 5. You should brush your teeth for two to three minutes, twice per day. 6. Once you have finished brushing your teeth, before removing your toothbrush, gently brush the top of your tongue to get rid of any bacteria. 7. Take the toothbrush out of your mouth, turn the tap on cold and rinse your toothbrush out. 8. Grab the cup, fill a quarter of it with water and rinse out your mouth. **************** What did you think of Trent and Liv’s procedural texts? When have you used a procedural text to make or do something? Do you have a favourite text type or genre of writing?
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