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92,892 | 92,550 | 5728fb0daf94a219006a9eb4 | generic | Jan Joosten van Lodensteijn (1556?–1623?), a Dutch colleague of Adams' on their ill-fated voyage to Japan in the ship De Liefde, was also given similar privileges by Tokugawa Ieyasu. It appears Joosten became a samurai[citation needed] and was given a residence within Ieyasu's castle at Edo. Today, this area at the eas... | Around when was Jan Joosten van Lodensteijn born? | {'text': '1556', 'answer_start': 29} |
81,780 | 81,438 | 5a4c31d17a6c4c001a2bbba6 | generic | To the south, the Sahara is bounded by the Sahel, a belt of dry tropical savanna with a summer rainy season that extends across Africa from east to west. The southern limit of the Sahara is indicated botanically by the southern limit of Cornulaca monacantha (a drought-tolerant member of the Chenopodiaceae), or northern... | What type of Savanah is north and south of the Sahara | {'text': 'dry tropical', 'answer_start': 60} |
38,084 | 37,742 | 5a8ca395fd22b3001a8d8c83 | generic | The term biological diversity was used first by wildlife scientist and conservationist Raymond F. Dasmann in the year 1968 lay book A Different Kind of Country advocating conservation. The term was widely adopted only after more than a decade, when in the 1980s it came into common usage in science and environmental pol... | Who introduced the term biology to the scientific community? | {'text': 'Thomas Lovejoy', 'answer_start': 325} |
97,137 | 96,795 | 572a1b2caf94a219006aa7f2 | generic | The Neolithic 1 (PPNA) period began roughly 10,000 years ago in the Levant. A temple area in southeastern Turkey at Göbekli Tepe dated around 9,500 BC may be regarded as the beginning of the period. This site was developed by nomadic hunter-gatherer tribes, evidenced by the lack of permanent housing in the vicinity and... | What is the name of earliest man made place of worship? | {'text': 'Göbekli Tepe', 'answer_start': 116} |
58,001 | 57,659 | 572654245951b619008f6fd4 | generic | BYU offers programs in liberal arts, engineering, agriculture, management, physical and mathematical sciences, nursing and law. The university is broadly organized into 11 colleges or schools at its main Provo campus, with certain colleges and divisions defining their own admission standards. The university also admini... | What foreign city holds a branch campus of BYU? | {'text': 'Jerusalem', 'answer_start': 357} |
27,877 | 27,535 | 56faee55f34c681400b0c1cd | generic | The scholarly term for research concerning Somalis and Greater Somalia is known as Somali Studies. It consists of several disciplines such as anthropology, sociology, linguistics, historiography and archaeology. The field draws from old Somali chronicles, records and oral literature, in addition to written accounts and... | What is the academic study of the Somali people called? | {'text': 'Somali Studies', 'answer_start': 83} |
75,209 | 74,867 | 57276a47708984140094dd22 | generic | Home-based manufacturing operations were active year round. Families willingly deployed their children in these income generating home enterprises. In many cases, men worked from home. In France, over 58 percent of garment workers operated out of their homes; in Germany, the number of full-time home operations nearly d... | Who did the children work beside? | {'text': 'parents', 'answer_start': 595} |
19,229 | 18,887 | 56e7287e37bdd419002c3dd3 | generic | Modern DST was first proposed by the New Zealand entomologist George Hudson, whose shift-work job gave him leisure time to collect insects, and led him to value after-hours daylight. In 1895 he presented a paper to the Wellington Philosophical Society proposing a two-hour daylight-saving shift, and after considerable i... | What year did Hudson first present his two-hour daylight saving theory to the Wellington Philosophical Society? | {'text': '1895', 'answer_start': 186} |
53,218 | 52,876 | 5ad1addc645df0001a2d21be | generic | Lamps designed for different voltages have different luminous efficacy. For example, a 100-watt, 120-volt lamp will produce about 17.1 lumens per watt. A lamp with the same rated lifetime but designed for 230 V would produce only around 12.8 lumens per watt, and a similar lamp designed for 30 volts (train lighting) wou... | What is not effect of a thicker filament on bulb temperature? | {'text': 'They can run hotter for the same lifetime before the filament evaporates.', 'answer_start': 436} |
128,663 | 128,321 | 573416974776f41900661838 | generic | Montana contains thousands of named rivers and creeks, 450 miles (720 km) of which are known for "blue-ribbon" trout fishing. Montana's water resources provide for recreation, hydropower, crop and forage irrigation, mining, and water for human consumption. Montana is one of few geographic areas in the world whose river... | What ocean do rivers flow into from Montana? | {'text': 'Pacific Ocean', 'answer_start': 427} |
119,932 | 119,590 | 57321ac0e17f3d140042268f | generic | Though human activities have allowed the expansion of a few species, such as the barn swallow and European starling, they have caused population decreases or extinction in many other species. Over a hundred bird species have gone extinct in historical times, although the most dramatic human-caused avian extinctions, er... | How many bird species have gone extinct in historical times? | {'text': 'Over a hundred', 'answer_start': 192} |
33,769 | 33,427 | 57099760200fba14003681c1 | generic | The biggest change in this year's census was in racial classification. Enumerators were instructed to no longer use the "Mulatto" classification. Instead, they were given special instructions for reporting the race of interracial persons. A person with both white and black ancestry (termed "blood") was to be recorded a... | How were people with both black and American Indian ancestry recorded in this census? | {'text': 'Neg', 'answer_start': 474} |
36,966 | 36,624 | 5ad17172645df0001a2d1bcb | generic | Sectional tensions had long existed between the states located north of the Mason–Dixon line and those south of it, primarily centered on the "peculiar institution" of slavery and the ability of states to overrule the decisions of the national government. During the 1840s and 1850s, conflicts between the two sides beca... | When did Confederate forces bombard Fort Pumter? | {'text': 'April 12, 1861', 'answer_start': 548} |
35,186 | 34,844 | 570a91fd6d058f1900182fb8 | generic | Everton have had many other nicknames over the years. When the black kit was worn Everton were nicknamed "The Black Watch", after the famous army regiment. Since going blue in 1901, Everton have been given the simple nickname "The Blues". Everton's attractive style of play led to Steve Bloomer calling the team "scienti... | What year did the Everton Football Club "go blue"? | {'text': '1901', 'answer_start': 176} |
58,219 | 57,877 | 5aceb7d232bba1001ae4b161 | generic | The campus also houses several performing arts facilities. The de Jong Concert Hall seats 1282 people and is named for Gerrit de Jong Jr. The Pardoe Theatre is named for T. Earl and Kathryn Pardoe. Students use its stage in a variety of theatre experiments, as well as for Pardoe Series performances. It seats 500 people... | What theater was named for Kathryn N. Margetts? | {'text': 'The Margetts Theatre', 'answer_start': 401} |
36,343 | 36,001 | 570b2117ec8fbc190045b842 | generic | VRS services have become well developed nationally in Sweden since 1997 and also in the United States since the first decade of the 2000s. With the exception of Sweden, VRS has been provided in Europe for only a few years since the mid-2000s, and as of 2010 has not been made available in many European Union countries, ... | In what European country has VRS services become well developed? | {'text': 'Sweden', 'answer_start': 54} |
55,878 | 55,536 | 57262801ec44d21400f3da74 | generic | The term Hokkien (福建; hɔk˥˥kɪɛn˨˩) is itself a term not used in Chinese to refer to the dialect, as it simply means Fujian province. In Chinese linguistics, these dialects are known by their classification under the Quanzhang Division (Chinese: 泉漳片; pinyin: Quánzhāng piàn) of Min Nan, which comes from the first charact... | Where are quanzhou and Zhangzhou located? | {'text': 'Hokkien', 'answer_start': 340} |
52,999 | 52,657 | 57261afa38643c19005acffc | generic | Incandescent light bulbs consist of an air-tight glass enclosure (the envelope, or bulb) with a filament of tungsten wire inside the bulb, through which an electric current is passed. Contact wires and a base with two (or more) conductors provide electrical connections to the filament. Incandescent light bulbs usually ... | What is the filament made of? | {'text': 'tungsten wire', 'answer_start': 108} |
50,113 | 49,771 | 57267420dd62a815002e8573 | generic | During Victoria's first pregnancy in 1840, in the first few months of the marriage, 18-year-old Edward Oxford attempted to assassinate her while she was riding in a carriage with Prince Albert on her way to visit her mother. Oxford fired twice, but either both bullets missed or, as he later claimed, the guns had no sho... | What was Edward Oxford charged with after his assassination attempt? | {'text': 'high treason', 'answer_start': 340} |
75,308 | 74,966 | 572792e1708984140094e13f | generic | Out of former Soviet Union republics Uzbekistan continued and expanded the program of child labour on industrial scale to increase profits on the main source of Islam Karimov's income, cotton harvesting. In September, when school normally starts, the classes are suspended and children are sent to cotton fields for work... | What former Soviet Union continued child labour programs? | {'text': 'Uzbekistan', 'answer_start': 37} |
3,558 | 3,216 | 56cec548aab44d1400b88a13 | generic | In 2002, Chinese geologist Chen Xuezhong published a Seismic Risk Analysis study in which he came to the conclusion that beginning with 2003, attention should be paid to the possibility of an earthquake with a magnitude of over 7.0 occurring in Sichuan region. He based his study on statistical correlation. That Sichuan... | When was a Seismic Risk Analysis published? | {'text': 'In 2002', 'answer_start': 0} |
123,697 | 123,355 | 5732167eb9d445190005e7d3 | generic | In terms of ship categories, Greek companies have 22.6% of the world's tankers and 16.1% of the world's bulk carriers (in dwt). An additional equivalent of 27.45% of the world's tanker dwt is on order, with another 12.7% of bulk carriers also on order. Shipping accounts for an estimated 6% of Greek GDP, employs about 1... | What percentage of Greece's GDP does shipping account for? | {'text': '6%', 'answer_start': 288} |
59,550 | 59,208 | 5acfc23177cf76001a685d36 | generic | Ruling elders are usually laymen (and laywomen in some denominations) who are elected by the congregation and ordained to serve with the teaching elders, assuming responsibility for nurture and leadership of the congregation. Often, especially in larger congregations, the elders delegate the practicalities of buildings... | Especially in small congregations, elders are known to delegate what? | {'text': 'practicalities of buildings, finance, and temporal ministry', 'answer_start': 293} |
45,226 | 44,884 | 5ad35760604f3c001a3fddf6 | generic | In 1993, to complement its own direct sales channel, Dell planned to sell PCs at big-box retail outlets such as Wal-Mart, which would have brought in an additional $125 million in annual revenue. Bain consultant Kevin Rollins persuaded Michael Dell to pull out of these deals, believing they would be money losers in the... | Who convinced Michael Dell to use retailers to sell PCs? | {'text': 'Kevin Rollins', 'answer_start': 212} |
69,390 | 69,048 | 5726c60d5951b619008f7dbd | generic | “The roots of all our modern academic fields can be found within the pages of literature.” Literature in all its forms can be seen as written records, whether the literature itself be factual or fictional, it is still quite possible to decipher facts through things like characters’ actions and words or the authors’ st... | Authors of literature frequently reference what antecedents? | {'text': 'Greek mythology and other old religious texts or historical moments', 'answer_start': 931} |
70,423 | 70,081 | 5ad407aa604f3c001a3ffeb3 | generic | It established a colony at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607. Two years later, a flotilla of seven ships left England under the Company's Admiral, Sir George Somers, and the new Governor of Jamestown, Sir Thomas Gates, with several hundred settlers, food and supplies to relieve the colony of Jamestown. Somers had previous e... | Who was Sir Thomas Somers? | {'text': 'Governor of Jamestown', 'answer_start': 173} |
28,807 | 28,465 | 570652ab75f01819005e7b4a | generic | In early 1991, non-Arabs of the Zaghawa tribe of Sudan attested that they were victims of an intensifying Arab apartheid campaign, segregating Arabs and non-Arabs (specifically people of sub-Saharan African descent). Sudanese Arabs, who controlled the government, were widely referred to as practicing apartheid against ... | What was the government being accused of? | {'text': 'deftly manipulat(ing) Arab solidarity" to carry out policies of apartheid and ethnic cleansing.', 'answer_start': 378} |
115,445 | 115,103 | 5ad3dca0604f3c001a3ff40f | generic | Whitehead has had some influence on philosophy of business administration and organizational theory. This has led in part to a focus on identifying and investigating the effect of temporal events (as opposed to static things) within organizations through an “organization studies” discourse that accommodates a variety o... | What business fields has Whitehead not influenced? | {'text': 'philosophy of business administration and organizational theory', 'answer_start': 36} |
111,362 | 111,020 | 572fca32a23a5019007fc9e0 | generic | Homer refers to the "Hellenes" (/ˈhɛliːnz/) as a relatively small tribe settled in Thessalic Phthia, with its warriors under the command of Achilleus. The Parian Chronicle says that Phthia was the homeland of the Hellenes and that this name was given to those previously called Greeks (Γραικοί). In Greek mythology, Hell... | Who is this small group named for ? | {'text': 'Hellen, the patriarch of Hellenes', 'answer_start': 316} |
13,598 | 13,256 | 5acd580307355d001abf3e04 | generic | Mutual exchange and sharing of resources (i.e., meat gained from hunting) are important in the economic systems of hunter-gatherer societies. Therefore, these societies can be described as based on a "gift economy." | Which societies can be described as a "mutual economy"? | {'text': 'hunter-gatherer', 'answer_start': 115} |
5,313 | 4,971 | 56d11bb017492d1400aab99c | generic | West founded the record label and production company GOOD Music in 2004, in conjunction with Sony BMG, shortly after releasing his debut album, The College Dropout. John Legend, Common, and West were the label's inaugural artists. The label houses artists including West, Big Sean, Pusha T, Teyana Taylor, Yasiin Bey / M... | Who did Kanye name President of GOOD Music in 2015? | {'text': 'Pusha T', 'answer_start': 282} |
116,972 | 116,630 | 5730df1ab54a4f140068ccba | generic | The three brothers—Rurik, Sineus, and Truvor—established themselves in Novgorod, Beloozero, and Izborsk, respectively. Two of the brothers died, and Rurik became the sole ruler of the territory and progenitor of the Rurik Dynasty. A short time later, two of Rurik’s men, Askold and Dir, asked him for permission to go to... | What were the names of the three brothers that rulled Novgotod, Beloozero, and Izborsk? | {'text': 'Rurik, Sineus, and Truvor', 'answer_start': 19} |
114,527 | 114,185 | 5a79ed7f17ab25001a8a01eb | generic | The governing bodies in each country operate league systems in a domestic season, normally comprising several divisions, in which the teams gain points throughout the season depending on results. Teams are placed into tables, placing them in order according to points accrued. Most commonly, each team plays every other ... | What is the name for the type of tournament teams play in off-season? | {'text': 'round-robin', 'answer_start': 377} |
91,419 | 91,077 | 57290635af94a219006a9f89 | generic | Population geneticists have debated whether the concept of population can provide a basis for a new conception of race. In order to do this, a working definition of population must be found. Surprisingly, there is no generally accepted concept of population that biologists use. Although the concept of population is cen... | What are both ecological and evolutionary definition modifiers of? | {'text': 'paradigm', 'answer_start': 713} |
113,497 | 113,155 | 572ff982b2c2fd14005686a3 | generic | Other influential Muslim philosophers include al-Jahiz, a pioneer in evolutionary thought; Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen), a pioneer of phenomenology and the philosophy of science and a critic of Aristotelian natural philosophy and Aristotle's concept of place (topos); Al-Biruni, a critic of Aristotelian natural philosophy; ... | Which philosopher of the Muslim world is considered an important author of work on evolution? | {'text': 'al-Jahiz', 'answer_start': 46} |
102,828 | 102,486 | 572e9a3fc246551400ce43c6 | generic | Studio producers Richard D. Zanuck and David Brown offered Spielberg the director's chair for Jaws, a thriller-horror film based on the Peter Benchley novel about an enormous killer shark. Spielberg has often referred to the gruelling shoot as his professional crucible. Despite the film's ultimate, enormous success, it... | How many Academy Awards did the film "Jaws" win? | {'text': 'three', 'answer_start': 458} |
13,699 | 13,357 | 56dfca3c231d4119001abdfc | generic | Hunter-gatherers would eventually flourish all over the Americas, primarily based in the Great Plains of the United States and Canada, with offshoots as far east as the Gaspé Peninsula on the Atlantic coast, and as far south as Chile, Monte Verde.[citation needed] American hunter-gatherers were spread over a wide geogr... | What basic trait do all hunter-gatherers share? | {'text': 'stone tool production', 'answer_start': 445} |
62,653 | 62,311 | 57275bbb708984140094dc8f | generic | Beginning as a self-help program in the mid-1960s, the Cotton Research and Promotion Program (CRPP) was organized by U.S. cotton producers in response to cotton's steady decline in market share. At that time, producers voted to set up a per-bale assessment system to fund the program, with built-in safeguards to protect... | What type of competitors does the 1966 act help combat? | {'text': 'synthetic competitors', 'answer_start': 452} |
96,143 | 95,801 | 5acd192f07355d001abf34c2 | generic | These developments led to the theory of conservation of energy, formalized largely by William Thomson (Lord Kelvin) as the field of thermodynamics. Thermodynamics aided the rapid development of explanations of chemical processes by Rudolf Clausius, Josiah Willard Gibbs, and Walther Nernst. It also led to a mathematical... | Who developed the concept of the introduction of laws of stored energy? | {'text': 'Jožef Stefan', 'answer_start': 424} |
4,827 | 4,485 | 56cfb8ea234ae51400d9bef6 | generic | Solar radiation is absorbed by the Earth's land surface, oceans – which cover about 71% of the globe – and atmosphere. Warm air containing evaporated water from the oceans rises, causing atmospheric circulation or convection. When the air reaches a high altitude, where the temperature is low, water vapor condenses into... | What is the cause of atmospheric circulation? | {'text': 'Warm air containing evaporated water from the oceans rises', 'answer_start': 119} |
46,799 | 46,457 | 571adfb39499d21900609b72 | generic | Athanasius knew Greek and admitted not knowing Hebrew [see, e.g., the 39th Festal Letter of St. Athan.]. The Old Testament passages he quotes frequently come from the Septuagint Greek translation. Only rarely did he use other Greek versions (to Aquila once in the Ecthesis, to other versions once or twice on the Psalms)... | What did students learn in the school in Alexandria? | {'text': 'Scriptural study and of Greek', 'answer_start': 639} |
57,530 | 57,188 | 57268623f1498d1400e8e2a8 | generic | The Napoleonic Wars were the cause of the final dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire, and ultimately the cause for the quest for a German nation state in 19th-century German nationalism. After the Congress of Vienna, Austria and Prussia emerged as two competitors. Austria, trying to remain the dominant power in Central... | What was one of the main factors that caused the dissolve of the Holy Roman Empire? | {'text': 'Napoleonic Wars', 'answer_start': 4} |
99,111 | 98,769 | 5a46ed955fd40d001a27dcf5 | generic | Rajasthan is[when?] earning Rs. 150 million (approx. US$2.5 million) per day as revenue from the crude oil sector. This earning is expected to reach ₹250 million per day in 2013 (which is an increase of ₹100 million or more than 66 percent). The government of India has given permission to extract 300,000 barrels of cru... | How many barrels per day does Cairn extract now? | {'text': '175,000 barrels per day', 'answer_start': 363} |
69,443 | 69,101 | 5726ccdd708984140094d1b7 | generic | In ancient India, literature originated from stories that were originally orally transmitted. Early genres included drama, fables, sutras and epic poetry. Sanskrit literature begins with the Vedas, dating back to 1500–1000 BCE, and continues with the Sanskrit Epics of Iron Age India. The Vedas are among the oldest sacr... | What were some different genres that emerged from ancient India's oral literary traditions? | {'text': 'drama, fables, sutras and epic poetry', 'answer_start': 116} |
47,101 | 46,759 | 571a1ecc10f8ca1400304eff | generic | There are other annual events, ranging from the Seattle Antiquarian Book Fair & Book Arts Show; an anime convention, Sakura-Con; Penny Arcade Expo, a gaming convention; a two-day, 9,000-rider Seattle to Portland Bicycle Classic, and specialized film festivals, such as the Maelstrom International Fantastic Film Festival... | What is Seattle's festival for the Polish community? | {'text': 'Seattle Polish Film Festival', 'answer_start': 564} |
112,366 | 112,024 | 57301d28b2c2fd14005688aa | generic | Caesar became consul in 59 BC. His colleague, Marcus Calpurnius Bibulus, was an extreme aristocrat. Caesar submitted the laws that he had promised Pompey to the assemblies. Bibulus attempted to obstruct the enactment of these laws, and so Caesar used violent means to ensure their passage. Caesar was then made governor ... | What type of case saw Cicero testify against Clodius? | {'text': 'sacrilege case', 'answer_start': 645} |
29,134 | 28,792 | 5705fcd775f01819005e783b | generic | Several suitors appeared, including Robert Maxwell, Tiny Rowland and Lord Rothermere; however, only one buyer was in a position to meet the full Thomson remit, Australian media magnate Rupert Murdoch. Robert Holmes à Court, another Australian magnate had previously tried to buy The Times in 1980. | What is the name of the media magnate that bought The Times in the 1980s? | {'text': 'Rupert Murdoch', 'answer_start': 185} |
39,791 | 39,449 | 570e58ee0dc6ce1900204f76 | generic | In 2012, the city contained a total of 594 high-rise buildings, with 8 under construction, 71 planned and 39 at proposal stage making the city's skyline the second largest in Australia. The CBD is dominated by modern office buildings including the Rialto Towers (1986), built on the site of several grand classical Victo... | Who designed the Winfield Building in 1890? | {'text': "Charles D'Ebro and Richard Speight", 'answer_start': 448} |
100,260 | 99,918 | 572baa44f75d5e190021fe8a | generic | The infinitive form ends in t (archaically, ti). It is the form found in dictionaries and the form that follows auxiliary verbs (for example, můžu tě slyšet—"I can hear you"). Czech verbs have three grammatical moods: indicative, imperative and conditional. The imperative mood adds specific endings for each of three pe... | What are the grammatical moods of Czech verbs? | {'text': 'indicative, imperative and conditional', 'answer_start': 218} |
76,173 | 75,831 | 57276ef15951b619008f89c3 | generic | Mikhail Gorbachev was elected General Secretary by the Politburo on March 11, 1985, three hours after predecessor Konstantin Chernenko's death at age 73. Gorbachev, aged 54, was the youngest member of the Politburo. His initial goal as general secretary was to revive the Soviet economy, and he realized that doing so wo... | Who was General Secretary prior to Mikhail Gorbachev? | {'text': 'Konstantin Chernenko', 'answer_start': 114} |
9,343 | 9,001 | 5a7ff6878f0597001ac00118 | generic | An example of mutual symbiosis is the relationship between the ocellaris clownfish that dwell among the tentacles of Ritteri sea anemones. The territorial fish protects the anemone from anemone-eating fish, and in turn the stinging tentacles of the anemone protect the clownfish from its predators. A special mucus on th... | What type of relationship do Ritteri sea anemones have with anemone-eating fish? | {'text': 'mutual symbiosis', 'answer_start': 14} |
47,929 | 47,587 | 571e05005569731900639116 | generic | For African Americans, the one-drop rule was a significant factor in ethnic solidarity. African Americans generally shared a common cause in society regardless of their multiracial admixture, or social/economic stratification. Additionally, African Americans found it, near, impossible to learn about their Indigenous Am... | What factors did not affect racial solidarity amoung African Americans? | {'text': 'their multiracial admixture, or social/economic stratification', 'answer_start': 163} |
61,381 | 61,039 | 5726f21ddd62a815002e95ed | generic | Throughout her career Madonna has been involved in writing and producing most of her own music. Madonna's early songwriting skill was developed during her time with the Breakfast Club in 1979. According to author Carol Gnojewski, her first attempts at songwriting are perceived as an important self-revelation, as Madonn... | Who was Madonna's first producer? | {'text': 'Mark Kamins', 'answer_start': 457} |
109,708 | 109,366 | 572f59fc947a6a140053c8a4 | generic | A database management system (DBMS) is a computer software application that interacts with the user, other applications, and the database itself to capture and analyze data. A general-purpose DBMS is designed to allow the definition, creation, querying, update, and administration of databases. Well-known DBMSs include ... | What does DBMS stand for? | {'text': 'database management system', 'answer_start': 2} |
124,629 | 124,287 | 573251740fdd8d15006c6989 | generic | Though Jehovah's Witnesses do not accept blood transfusions of whole blood, they may accept some blood plasma fractions at their own discretion. The Watch Tower Society provides pre-formatted durable power of attorney documents prohibiting major blood components, in which members can specify which allowable fractions a... | The Hospital Liaison Committees serve to bridge between hospitals, medical professionals and who? | {'text': "individual Jehovah's Witnesses", 'answer_start': 465} |
37,663 | 37,321 | 5a07dcd73fc8740018207025 | generic | In infrared photography, infrared filters are used to capture the near-infrared spectrum. Digital cameras often use infrared blockers. Cheaper digital cameras and camera phones have less effective filters and can "see" intense near-infrared, appearing as a bright purple-white color. This is especially pronounced when t... | What is another name for IR bright areas? | {'text': 'far-infrared', 'answer_start': 530} |
100,706 | 100,364 | 572c84d4dfb02c14005c6b93 | generic | Tennessee is home to several Protestant denominations, such as the National Baptist Convention (headquartered in Nashville); the Church of God in Christ and the Cumberland Presbyterian Church (both headquartered in Memphis); the Church of God and The Church of God of Prophecy (both headquartered in Cleveland). The Free... | The principle Bible college of the Free Will Baptists is located in which Tennessee city? | {'text': 'Nashville', 'answer_start': 405} |
37,952 | 37,610 | 5a8cac2bfd22b3001a8d8d0c | generic | Agricultural diversity can also be divided by whether it is ‘planned’ diversity or ‘associated’ diversity. This is a functional classification that we impose and not an intrinsic feature of life or diversity. Planned diversity includes the crops which a farmer has encouraged, planted or raised (e.g.: crops, covers, sym... | What are two types of uninvited diversity? | {'text': '‘planned’ diversity or ‘associated’ diversity', 'answer_start': 60} |
50,225 | 49,883 | 57267c3ddd62a815002e86cd | generic | Through Victoria's reign, the gradual establishment of a modern constitutional monarchy in Britain continued. Reforms of the voting system increased the power of the House of Commons at the expense of the House of Lords and the monarch. In 1867, Walter Bagehot wrote that the monarch only retained "the right to be consu... | What increased the power in the House of Commons? | {'text': 'Reforms of the voting system', 'answer_start': 110} |
113,002 | 112,660 | 572fe7ccb2c2fd140056859f | generic | The original town of San Diego was located at the foot of Presidio Hill, in the area which is now Old Town San Diego State Historic Park. The location was not ideal, being several miles away from navigable water. In 1850, William Heath Davis promoted a new development by the Bay shore called "New San Diego", several mi... | What was the main flaw of San Diego's original location? | {'text': 'several miles away from navigable water', 'answer_start': 172} |
61,584 | 61,242 | 57267ac0708984140094c786 | generic | The actual substance of English law was formally "received" into the United States in several ways. First, all U.S. states except Louisiana have enacted "reception statutes" which generally state that the common law of England (particularly judge-made law) is the law of the state to the extent that it is not repugnant ... | Who sites pre-revolution cases when discussion evolution of judge-made law? | {'text': 'contemporary U.S. courts', 'answer_start': 515} |
22,908 | 22,566 | 5ad5051c5b96ef001a10a9ff | generic | The Gorals of southern Poland and northern Slovakia are partially descended from Romance-speaking Vlachs who migrated into the region from the 14th to 17th centuries and were absorbed into the local population. The population of Moravian Wallachia also descend of this population. | What language did Gorals speak? | {'text': 'Romance', 'answer_start': 81} |
62,780 | 62,438 | 572678305951b619008f7396 | generic | Lossless data compression algorithms usually exploit statistical redundancy to represent data without losing any information, so that the process is reversible. Lossless compression is possible because most real-world data exhibits statistical redundancy. For example, an image may have areas of colour that do not chang... | What represents statistical redundancy? | {'text': 'Lossless compression', 'answer_start': 161} |
46,999 | 46,657 | 5719e93110f8ca1400304e99 | generic | In November, Seattle averages more rainfall than any other U.S. city of more than 250,000 people; it also ranks highly in winter precipitation. Conversely, the city receives some of the lowest precipitation amounts of any large city from June to September. Seattle is one of the five rainiest major U.S. cities as measur... | In the lower 48 states, which city receives some of the least sunny days that any other? | {'text': 'Seattle', 'answer_start': 257} |
18,279 | 17,937 | 5ad15fb9645df0001a2d18f4 | generic | To raise money, Seagram head Edgar Bronfman Jr. sold Universal's television holdings, including cable network USA, to Barry Diller (these same properties would be bought back later at greatly inflated prices). In June 2000, Seagram was sold to French water utility and media company Vivendi, which owned StudioCanal; the... | What 2000 film grossed $246 million? | {'text': 'Love Actually', 'answer_start': 748} |
10,283 | 9,941 | 56de0abc4396321400ee2564 | generic | Following the Islamic Conquest of Persia (Iran), there were important changes in the role of the different dialects within the Persian Empire. The old prestige form of Middle Iranian, also known as Pahlavi, was replaced by a new standard dialect called Dari as the official language of the court. The name Dari comes fro... | What language displaced Middle Iranian as the court's official tongue? | {'text': 'Dari', 'answer_start': 253} |
111,023 | 110,681 | 572ffb33a23a5019007fcbfc | generic | The cloth or fiber material used, resin material, and the cloth to resin ratio determine the laminate's type designation (FR-4, CEM-1, G-10, etc.) and therefore the characteristics of the laminate produced. Important characteristics are the level to which the laminate is fire retardant, the dielectric constant (er), th... | What's the name for the measurement of a laminate's change in thickness as its temperature changes? | {'text': 'Z-axis expansion coefficient', 'answer_start': 429} |
120,953 | 120,611 | 5ad5046f5b96ef001a10a9ba | generic | The Communist Party of China, founded in 1920, adopted the red flag and hammer and sickle emblem of the Soviet Union, which became the national symbols when the Party took power in China in 1949. Under Party leader Mao Zedong, the Party anthem became "The East Is Red", and Mao Zedong himself was sometimes referred to a... | What has eighty members? | {'text': 'Communist Party of China', 'answer_start': 533} |
40,863 | 40,521 | 570d6b2bb3d812140066d8b7 | generic | Germany's high-altitude needs were originally going to be filled by a 75 mm gun from Krupp, designed in collaboration with their Swedish counterpart Bofors, but the specifications were later amended to require much higher performance. In response Krupp's engineers presented a new 88 mm design, the FlaK 36. First used i... | High altitude needs in Germany were going to be handled by what? | {'text': 'a 75 mm gun from Krupp', 'answer_start': 68} |
75,426 | 75,084 | 572765a95951b619008f896c | generic | The Atlantic Ocean has less influence on the climate of the Piedmont region, which has hotter summers and colder winters than in the coast. Daytime highs in the Piedmont often reach over 90 °F (32 °C) in the summer. While it is not common for the temperature to reach over 100 °F (38 °C) in the state, such temperatures,... | In summer, daytime highs often reach what temperature in the Piedmont region? | {'text': '90 °F', 'answer_start': 187} |
18,019 | 17,677 | 56e14927e3433e1400422d58 | generic | Despite Laemmle's role as an innovator, he was an extremely cautious studio chief. Unlike rivals Adolph Zukor, William Fox, and Marcus Loew, Laemmle chose not to develop a theater chain. He also financed all of his own films, refusing to take on debt. This policy nearly bankrupted the studio when actor-director Erich v... | Who directed Blind Husbands? | {'text': 'Erich von Stroheim', 'answer_start': 313} |
18,323 | 17,981 | 56e16c15cd28a01900c678fb | generic | In the early 1950s, Universal set up its own distribution company in France, and in the late 1960s, the company also started a production company in Paris, Universal Productions France S.A., although sometimes credited by the name of the distribution company, Universal Pictures France. Except for the two first films it... | What film was known in English as Going Places? | {'text': 'Les Valseuses', 'answer_start': 624} |
92,050 | 91,708 | 572907f7af94a219006a9fa0 | generic | After a tentative creation of several smaller suburban cemeteries, the Prefect Nicholas Frochot under Napoleon Bonaparte provided a more definitive solution in the creation of three massive Parisian cemeteries outside the city limits. Open from 1804, these were the cemeteries of Père Lachaise, Montmartre, Montparnasse,... | When were the 3 new cemeteries open? | {'text': '1804', 'answer_start': 245} |
51,618 | 51,276 | 5a0cf1a5f5590b0018dab68c | generic | As part of its education-related initiatives, the foundation has funded journalists, think tanks, lobbying organizations and governments. Millions of dollars of grants to news organizations have funded reporting on education and higher education, including more than $1.4 million to the Education Writers Association to ... | What have journalists accused Teach Plus of? | {'text': 'astroturfing', 'answer_start': 828} |
89,424 | 89,082 | 5ad164ac645df0001a2d1985 | generic | Labour has long been identified with red, a political colour traditionally affiliated with socialism and the labour movement. The party conference in 1931 passed a motion "That this conference adopts Party Colours, which should be uniform throughout the country, colours to be red and gold". Since the party's inception,... | When did the red flag stop being associated with socialism? | {'text': '1789', 'answer_start': 443} |
27,042 | 26,700 | 56fa7b568f12f31900630152 | generic | The first regular broadcasts started on January 1, 2004 when the Belgian company Euro1080 launched the HD1 channel with the traditional Vienna New Year's Concert. Test transmissions had been active since the IBC exhibition in September 2003, but the New Year's Day broadcast marked the official launch of the HD1 channel... | What event was first broadcasted on January 1, 2004? | {'text': "Vienna New Year's Concert", 'answer_start': 136} |
17,387 | 17,045 | 56e154e5cd28a01900c677e7 | generic | In the Alicante province Catalan is being replaced by Spanish, and in Alghero by Italian. There are also well ingrained diglossic attitudes against Catalan in the Valencian Community, Ibiza, and to a lesser extent, in the rest of the Balearic islands. | What are the anti-Catalan attitudes in Valencia and Ibiza? | {'text': 'ingrained diglossic attitudes', 'answer_start': 110} |
15,086 | 14,744 | 56dfc4e0231d4119001abdd9 | generic | Network hardware, software and specifications, as well as the expertise of network management personnel are important in ensuring that data follows the most efficient route, and upstream connections work reliably. A tradeoff between cost and efficiency is possible.[citation needed] | What sort of route does data follow? | {'text': 'the most efficient route', 'answer_start': 148} |
24,042 | 23,700 | 56f78e35aef2371900625bd4 | generic | Captain John Charles Marshall and Thomas Gilbert visited the islands in 1788. The islands were named for Marshall on Western charts, although the natives have historically named their home "jolet jen Anij" (Gifts from God). Around 1820, Russian explorer Adam Johann von Krusenstern and the French explorer Louis Isidore ... | Which French citizen was involved in naming the Marshall Islands? | {'text': 'Louis Isidore Duperrey', 'answer_start': 306} |
53,822 | 53,480 | 57266d49708984140094c59b | generic | In 1984, each league had two divisions, East and West. The divisional winners met in a best-of-5 series to advance to the World Series, in a "2–3" format, first two games were played at the home of the team who did not have home field advantage. Then the last three games were played at the home of the team, with home f... | In what year did the league have two divisions? | {'text': '1984', 'answer_start': 3} |
12,306 | 11,964 | 5a5acd7b9c0277001abe7192 | generic | Galileo Galilei was brought before the Inquisition for heresy, but abjured his views and was sentenced to house arrest, under which he spent the rest of his life. Galileo was found "vehemently suspect of heresy", namely of having held the opinions that the Sun lies motionless at the centre of the universe, that the Ear... | Who was required to renounce that the earth was the center of the universe? | {'text': 'Galileo Galilei', 'answer_start': 0} |
7,566 | 7,224 | 56d96b3edc89441400fdb433 | generic |
Malaysia: The event was held in the capital city, Kuala Lumpur, on April 21. The 16.5 km long-relay began from the historic Independence Square, passed in front of several city landmarks before coming to an end at the iconic Petronas Twin Towers. Among the landmarks the Olympic flame passed next to were the Parliamen... | Where did the route begin in Malaysia? | {'text': 'Independence Square', 'answer_start': 126} |
109,430 | 109,088 | 5accff6407355d001abf3149 | generic | Pain is the most common reason for physician consultation in most developed countries. It is a major symptom in many medical conditions, and can interfere with a person's quality of life and general functioning. Psychological factors such as social support, hypnotic suggestion, excitement, or distraction can significan... | What are social suggestion, hypnotic excitement and distraction? | {'text': 'Psychological factors', 'answer_start': 212} |
29,227 | 28,885 | 57060f3f52bb891400689832 | generic | This makes it the most varied newspaper in terms of political support in British history. Some columnists in The Times are connected to the Conservative Party such as Daniel Finkelstein, Tim Montgomerie, Matthew Parris and Matt Ridley, but there are also columnists connected to the Labour Party such as David Aaronovitc... | Which political party is The Times columnist, David Aaronovitch, associated with? | {'text': 'Labour Party', 'answer_start': 283} |
14,719 | 14,377 | 56dfddab7aa994140058e1e0 | generic | By the 20th century, the saloon, or lounge bar, had become a middle-class room[citation needed]—carpets on the floor, cushions on the seats, and a penny or two on the prices,[citation needed] while the public bar, or tap room, remained working class with bare boards, sometimes with sawdust to absorb the spitting and sp... | What economic class was most likely to be found in the tap room? | {'text': 'working class', 'answer_start': 236} |
60,294 | 59,952 | 5a6bd5164eec6b001a80a5d5 | generic | Predatory animals often use their usual methods of attacking prey to inflict or to threaten grievous injury to their own predators. The electric eel uses the same electric current to kill prey and to defend itself against animals (anacondas, caimans, egrets, jaguars, mountain lions, giant otters, humans, dogs, and cats... | What are a few predators of giant otters? | {'text': 'anacondas, caimans, egrets, jaguars, mountain lions', 'answer_start': 231} |
58,829 | 58,487 | 5a15abdda54d420018529494 | generic | Criticism of the term intellectual property ranges from discussing its vagueness and abstract overreach to direct contention to the semantic validity of using words like property and rights in fashions that contradict practice and law. Many detractors think this term specially serves the doctrinal agenda of parties opp... | What does the term intellectual property allow intelligent discussion about? | {'text': 'specific and often unrelated aspects of copyright, patents, trademarks, etc.', 'answer_start': 450} |
129,409 | 129,067 | 5a83019fe60761001a2eb2e5 | generic | In the absence of suitable plate culture techniques, some microbes require culture within live animals. Bacteria such as Mycobacterium leprae and Treponema pallidum can be grown in animals, although serological and microscopic techniques make the use of live animals unnecessary. Viruses are also usually identified usin... | What are live animals unnecessary for? | {'text': 'microbes', 'answer_start': 58} |
5,368 | 5,026 | 56d127d617492d1400aabaaf | generic | In 2004, West had his first of a number of public incidents during his attendance at music award events. At the American Music Awards of 2004, West stormed out of the auditorium after losing Best New Artist to country singer Gretchen Wilson. He later commented, "I felt like I was definitely robbed [...] I was the best ... | What show did Kanye perform a spoof about the incident at the MTV Europe Awards? | {'text': 'Saturday Night Live', 'answer_start': 1197} |
105,232 | 104,890 | 573040dd947a6a140053d33e | generic | In 1941, the Luftwaffe shifted strategy again. Erich Raeder—commander-in-chief of the Kriegsmarine—had long argued the Luftwaffe should support the German submarine force (U-Bootwaffe) in the Battle of the Atlantic by attacking shipping in the Atlantic Ocean and attacking British ports. Eventually, he convinced Hitler ... | What became the new targets for the Kriegsmarine? | {'text': 'British coastal centres and shipping at sea west of Ireland', 'answer_start': 821} |
75,139 | 74,797 | 5727e36dff5b5019007d97af | generic | Elsewhere in the Americas, in the Caribbean in particular, Baptist missionaries took an active role in the anti-slavery movement. In Jamaica, for example, William Knibb, a prominent British Baptist missionary, worked toward the emancipation of slaves in the British West Indies (which took place in 1838). Knibb also pro... | Knibb also protagonised the creation of what? | {'text': 'Free Villages', 'answer_start': 347} |
88,209 | 87,867 | 5ace5aff32bba1001ae4a3a2 | generic | The annelids are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic, coelomate, invertebrate organisms. They also have parapodia for locomotion. Most textbooks still use the traditional division into polychaetes (almost all marine), oligochaetes (which include earthworms) and leech-like species. Cladistic research since 1997 has r... | What do annelids use to fly? | {'text': 'parapodia', 'answer_start': 107} |
29,425 | 29,083 | 57069d6f75f01819005e7c56 | generic | In 2007, the Japanese Buddhist organisation Nipponzan Myohoji decided to build a Peace Pagoda in the city containing Buddha relics. It was inaugurated by the current Dalai Lama. | Which Japanese Buddhist organization built a Peace Pagoda in New Delhi in 2007? | {'text': 'Nipponzan Myohoji', 'answer_start': 44} |
30,143 | 29,801 | 5706282e52bb89140068990a | generic | An additional extension to MPEG-2 is named MPEG-2.5 audio, as MPEG-3 already had a different meaning. This extension was developed at Fraunhofer IIS, the registered MP3 patent holders. Like MPEG-2, MPEG-2.5 adds new sampling rates exactly half of that previously possible with MPEG-2. It thus widens the scope of MP3 to ... | As MPEG-3 had a different meaning, what was the name given to the extension of MPEG-2? | {'text': 'MPEG-2.5 audio', 'answer_start': 43} |
68,154 | 67,812 | 5726ac58708984140094cd7f | generic | Raleigh is an early example in the United States of a planned city, chosen as the site of the state capital in 1788 and incorporated in 1792 as such. The city was originally laid out in a grid pattern with the North Carolina State Capitol in Union Square at the center. In the United States Civil War the city was spared... | What happened in the 20th century? | {'text': 'Research Triangle Park', 'answer_start': 563} |
107,205 | 106,863 | 5a7b827f21c2de001afea0dc | generic | The Pro Electron standard, the European Electronic Component Manufacturers Association part numbering scheme, begins with two letters: the first gives the semiconductor type (A for germanium, B for silicon, and C for materials like GaAs); the second letter denotes the intended use (A for diode, C for general-purpose tr... | What kinds of transistor are more likely to use a suffix? | {'text': 'industrial types', 'answer_start': 397} |
70,021 | 69,679 | 5aceab9232bba1001ae4afb2 | generic | In modern Iran, he is considered a national icon, and is often regarded as one of the greatest Persians to have ever lived. A monument was erected outside the Bukhara museum[year needed]. The Avicenna Mausoleum and Museum in Hamadan was built in 1952. Bu-Ali Sina University in Hamadan (Iran), Avicenna Research Institut... | Where is a monument located that dishonors Avicenna? | {'text': 'the Bukhara museum', 'answer_start': 155} |
11,795 | 11,453 | 56ded12cc65bf219000b3d48 | generic | He also invested in a shopping mall in Columbus, Ohio. He has talked about some of those who have helped him over the years in business: "I couldn't have learned about business without a parade of teachers guiding me... from Milton Friedman to Donald Trump... and now, Les Wexner and Warren Buffett. I even learned a thi... | What renowned publishing company partners with Schwarzenegger in Fitness Publications? | {'text': 'Simon & Schuster', 'answer_start': 858} |
17,369 | 17,027 | 56e14cd0e3433e1400422d81 | generic | In parallel, however, the 19th century saw a Catalan literary revival (Renaixença), which has continued up to the present day. This period starts with Aribau's Ode to the Homeland (1833); followed in the second half of the 19th century, and the early 20th by the work of Verdaguer (poetry), Oller (realist novel), and Gu... | When did this revival period begin? | {'text': '1833', 'answer_start': 181} |
44,036 | 43,694 | 570f25345ab6b81900390e85 | generic | Circadian rhythms allow organisms to anticipate and prepare for precise and regular environmental changes. They thus enable organisms to best capitalize on environmental resources (e.g. light and food) compared to those that cannot predict such availability. It has therefore been suggested that circadian rhythms put or... | By better using resources, how does that improve an organism's chances of surviving? | {'text': 'selective advantage', 'answer_start': 333} |
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