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The result was a sequence of innovative but unpopular financial measures.[nb 10] John levied scutage payments eleven times in his seventeen years as king, as compared to eleven times in total during the reign of the preceding three monarchs. In many cases these were levied in the absence of any actual military campaign...
How many times did John levi scutage payments?
{'text': 'eleven', 'answer_start': 110}
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The U.S. Constitution provides that Congress shall have the power to "borrow money on the credit of the United States". Congress has exercised that power by authorizing Federal Reserve Banks to issue Federal Reserve Notes. Those notes are "obligations of the United States" and "shall be redeemed in lawful money on dema...
Where, other than Congress can notes be redeemed?
{'text': 'Washington, District of Columbia', 'answer_start': 387}
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Chopin arrived in Paris in late September 1831; he would never return to Poland, thus becoming one of many expatriates of the Polish Great Emigration. In France he used the French versions of his given names, and after receiving French citizenship in 1835, he travelled on a French passport. However, Chopin remained clo...
What is the name of Chopin's biographer?
{'text': 'Adam Zamoyski', 'answer_start': 451}
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The Canadian Rangers, who provide surveillance and patrol services in Canada's arctic and other remote areas, are an essential reserve force component used for Canada's exercise of sovereignty over its northern territory.
What do Canadian Rangers perform?
{'text': 'provide surveillance and patrol services', 'answer_start': 26}
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Swiss citizens are universally required to buy health insurance from private insurance companies, which in turn are required to accept every applicant. While the cost of the system is among the highest it compares well with other European countries in terms of health outcomes; patients who are citizens have been report...
What do new high tech healthcare technologies translate to?
{'text': 'high costs of the services provided', 'answer_start': 735}
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To the north, the Sahara skirts the Mediterranean Sea in Egypt and portions of Libya, but in Cyrenaica and the Maghreb, the Sahara borders the Mediterranean forest, woodland, and scrub ecoregions of northern Africa, all of which have a Mediterranean climate characterized by hot summers and cool and rainy winters. Accor...
who claims the northern Sahara corresponds to the southern limit of date palm cultivation
{'text': 'Frank White and geographer Robert Capot-Rey', 'answer_start': 354}
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Franklin S. Harris was appointed the university's president in 1921. He was the first BYU president to have a doctoral degree. Harris made several important changes to the school, reorganizing it into a true university, whereas before, its organization had remnants of the Academy days. At the beginning of his tenure, t...
Which BYU president was responsible for BYU becoming fully accredited under all major organizations?
{'text': 'Franklin S. Harris', 'answer_start': 0}
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As "runways at sea", aircraft carriers have a flat-top flight deck, which launches and recovers aircraft. Aircraft launch forward, into the wind, and are recovered from astern. The flight deck is where the most notable differences between a carrier and a land runway are found. Creating such a surface at sea poses const...
Where are the least notable differences between a carrier and a land runway found?
{'text': 'The flight deck', 'answer_start': 177}
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The X-ray crystal density method is primarily a method for determining the Avogadro constant NA but as the Avogadro constant is related to the Planck constant it also determines a value for h. The principle behind the method is to determine NA as the ratio between the volume of the unit cell of a crystal, measured by X...
What is the secondary method for determining the Avogadro equilibrium?
{'text': 'X-ray crystal density method', 'answer_start': 4}
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Convinced that he needed a wasta, or an influential intermediary to promote his application above the others, Nasser managed to secure a meeting with Under-Secretary of War Ibrahim Khairy Pasha, the person responsible for the academy's selection board, and requested his help. Khairy Pasha agreed and sponsored Nasser's ...
What's another term for influential intermediary?
{'text': 'wasta', 'answer_start': 27}
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In 1963, Ralph J. Roberts in conjunction with his two business partners, Daniel Aaron and Julian A. Brodsky, purchased American Cable Systems as a corporate spin-off from its parent, Jerrold Electronics, for US $500,000. At the time, American Cable was a small cable operator in Tupelo, Mississippi, with five channels a...
Who were Roberts' business partners in this purchase?
{'text': 'Daniel Aaron and Julian A. Brodsky', 'answer_start': 73}
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As in arthropods, each muscle fiber (cell) is controlled by more than one neuron, and the speed and power of the fiber's contractions depends on the combined effects of all its neurons. Vertebrates have a different system, in which one neuron controls a group of muscle fibers. Most annelids' longitudinal nerve trunks i...
What worms are very slow to retreat from danger?
{'text': 'annelids', 'answer_start': 283}
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Pia Toscano, one of the presumed favorites to advance far in the season, was unexpectedly eliminated on April 7, 2011, finishing in ninth place. Her elimination drew criticisms from some former Idol contestants, as well as actor Tom Hanks.
Which fan favorite was unexpectedly eliminated earlier than expected?
{'text': 'Pia Toscano', 'answer_start': 0}
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The air offensive against the RAF and British industry failed to have the desired effect. More might have been achieved had the OKL exploited their enemy's weak spot, the vulnerability of British sea communications. The Allies did so later when Bomber Command attacked rail communications and the United States Army Air ...
How many casualties did the Blitz ultimately cause?
{'text': 'cost around 41,000 lives, and may have injured another 139,000', 'answer_start': 731}
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Camillo di Cavour, under orders of Victor Emmanuel II of Piedmont-Sardinia, sent an expeditionary corps of 15,000 soldiers, commanded by General Alfonso La Marmora, to side with French and British forces during the war.:111–12 This was an attempt at gaining the favour of the French, especially when the issue of uniting...
Where was Victor Emmanuel II from?
{'text': 'Piedmont-Sardinia', 'answer_start': 57}
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At about this same time, Burke was introduced to William Gerard Hamilton (known as "Single-speech Hamilton"). When Hamilton was appointed Chief Secretary for Ireland, Burke accompanied him to Dublin as his private secretary, a position he held for three years. In 1765 Burke became private secretary to the liberal Whig ...
When did Burke become the Prime Minister's private secretary?
{'text': '1765', 'answer_start': 264}
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Madonna has sold more than 300 million records worldwide. The Guinness World Records acknowledged her as the best-selling female recording artist and the fourth best-selling act of all time, behind The Beatles, Elvis Presley, and Michael Jackson. According to the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), she is...
Who named Madonna as the top female touring artist of all time?
{'text': 'Billboard', 'answer_start': 629}
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Generally, post-punk music is defined as music that emerged from the cultural milieu of punk rock in the late 1970s, although many groups now categorized as post-punk were initially subsumed under the broad umbrella of punk or new wave music, only becoming differentiated as the terms came to signify more narrow styles....
What else was music correctly catagorized into before post-punk?
{'text': 'new wave music', 'answer_start': 227}
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Parasitoids are organisms living in or on their host and feeding directly upon it, eventually leading to its death. They are much like parasites in their close symbiotic relationship with their host or hosts. Like the previous two classifications parasitoid predators do not kill their hosts instantly. However, unlike p...
How do the larvae of the parasitoid wasps kill their prey?
{'text': 'devouring the internal organs until finally destroying the nervous system', 'answer_start': 685}
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In a five-to-four decision, the Supreme Court struck down the impositions of the death penalty in each of the consolidated cases as unconstitutional. The five justices in the majority did not produce a common opinion or rationale for their decision, however, and agreed only on a short statement announcing the result. T...
Along with Marshall, who believed that the Eighth Amendment forbade the death penalty?
{'text': 'William J. Brennan, Jr.', 'answer_start': 709}
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Howison's personal idealism was also called "California Personalism" by others to distinguish it from the "Boston Personalism" which was of Bowne. Howison maintained that both impersonal, monistic idealism and materialism run contrary to the experience of moral freedom. To deny freedom to pursue truth, beauty, and "be...
What issue do both Aquinas and Brightman discuss?
{'text': 'dependence upon an infinite personal God', 'answer_start': 580}
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Pioneer Electronics later purchased the majority stake in the format and marketed it as both LaserVision (format name) and LaserDisc (brand name) in 1980, with some releases unofficially referring to the medium as "Laser Videodisc". Philips produced the players while MCA produced the discs. The Philips-MCA cooperation ...
Who were the scientists that worked on the early research for Laserdiscs?
{'text': 'Richard Wilkinson, Ray Dakin and John Winslow', 'answer_start': 438}
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The 2006 renewal and re-equipment effort has resulted in the acquisition of specific equipment (main battle tanks, artillery, unmanned air vehicles and other systems) to support the mission in Afghanistan. It has also encompassed initiatives to renew certain so-called "core capabilities" (such as the air force's medium...
What new type of helicopter was not recently acquired?
{'text': 'CH-47 Chinook', 'answer_start': 514}
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According to some historians, Bismarck adroitly created a diplomatic crisis over the succession to the Spanish throne, then edited a dispatch about a meeting between King William of Prussia and the French ambassador, to make it appear that the French had been insulted. The French press and parliament demanded a war, wh...
On which date did the French parliament vote to declare war on Prussia?
{'text': '16 July 1870', 'answer_start': 526}
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Influences also came to her from the art world, most notably through the works of Mexican artist Frida Kahlo. The music video of the song "Bedtime Story" featured images inspired by the paintings of Kahlo and Remedios Varo. Madonna is also a collector of Tamara de Lempicka's Art Deco paintings and has included them in ...
Her video Hollywood was a homage to which photographer?
{'text': 'Guy Bourdin', 'answer_start': 423}
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In only his third career start, Kerry Wood struck out 20 batters against Houston on May 6, 1998. This is the franchise record and tied for the Major League record for the most strikeouts in one game by one pitcher (the only other pitcher to strike out 20 batters in a nine-inning game was Roger Clemens, who achieved it ...
Kerry Wood struck out 20 batters against what team?
{'text': 'Houston', 'answer_start': 73}
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The metaphysics in Mīmāṃsā school consists of both atheistic and theistic doctrines and the school showed little interest in systematic examination of the existence of God. Rather, it held that the soul is eternal omnipresent, inherently active spiritual essence, then focussed on the epistemology and metaphysics of dha...
How did the Mimamsa school view the soul?
{'text': 'eternal', 'answer_start': 206}
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English is used as a second language in parts of Southern Europe. As a primary language, however, English has only a small presence in Southern Europe, only in Gibraltar (alongside Spanish) and Malta (secondary to Maltese).
What language is the third most common in Gibraltar?
{'text': 'Maltese', 'answer_start': 214}
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Armies typically have air defence in depth, from integral MANPADS such as the RBS 70, Stinger and Igla at smaller force levels up to army-level missile defence systems such as Angara and Patriot. Often, the high-altitude long-range missile systems force aircraft to fly at low level, where anti-aircraft guns can bring t...
Stinger and Igla are two examples of what type of system?
{'text': 'smaller force levels', 'answer_start': 106}
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The term "retro-metal" has been applied to such bands as Texas based The Sword, California's High on Fire, Sweden's Witchcraft and Australia's Wolfmother. Wolfmother's self-titled 2005 debut album combined elements of the sounds of Deep Purple and Led Zeppelin. Fellow Australians Airbourne's début album Runnin' Wild (2...
What country was a serious attempt to revive punk rock attempted?
{'text': 'Sweden', 'answer_start': 842}
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The Estonian Academy of Sciences is the national academy of science. The strongest public non-profit research institute that carries out fundamental and applied research is the National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics (NICPB; Estonian KBFI). The first computer centres were established in the late 1950s in ...
What cities were the locations of the first computer centers?
{'text': 'Tartu and Tallinn', 'answer_start': 320}
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Beginning in the late 1910s and early 1920s, Whitehead gradually turned his attention from mathematics to philosophy of science, and finally to metaphysics. He developed a comprehensive metaphysical system which radically departed from most of western philosophy. Whitehead argued that reality consists of processes rath...
After moving away from mathematics, what subjects did Whitehead explore?
{'text': 'philosophy of science, and finally to metaphysics', 'answer_start': 106}
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German cinema dates back to the very early years of the medium with the work of Max Skladanowsky. It was particularly influential during the years of the Weimar Republic with German expressionists such as Robert Wiene and Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau. The Nazi era produced mostly propaganda films although the work of Leni ...
What did Leni Riefenstahl do in the 1960's?
{'text': 'placed West-German cinema back onto the international stage', 'answer_start': 498}
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A residential elevator is often permitted to be of lower cost and complexity than full commercial elevators. They may have unique design characteristics suited for home furnishings, such as hinged wooden shaft-access doors rather than the typical metal sliding doors of commercial elevators. Construction may be less rob...
What type of doors do commercial elevators use?
{'text': 'metal sliding', 'answer_start': 247}
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Back in Warsaw that year, Chopin heard Niccolò Paganini play the violin, and composed a set of variations, Souvenir de Paganini. It may have been this experience which encouraged him to commence writing his first Études, (1829–32), exploring the capacities of his own instrument. On 11 August, three weeks after completi...
What did Chopin compose after hearing Niccolo Paganini?
{'text': 'Souvenir de Paganini', 'answer_start': 107}
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The top 10 contestants started with five males and five females, however, the males were eliminated consecutively in the first five weeks, with Lazaro Arbos the last male to be eliminated. For the first time in the show's history, the top 5 contestants were all female. It was also the first time that the judges' "save"...
Who as the last man to be eliminated?
{'text': 'Lazaro Arbos', 'answer_start': 144}
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The FBI is near-impenetrable, with applicants intensely scrutinized and assessed over an extended period. To apply to become an FBI agent, one must be between the ages of 23 and 37. Due to the decision in Robert P. Isabella v. Department of State and Office of Personnel Management, 2008 M.S.P.B. 146, preference-eligibl...
What is not a requirement to be a FBI agent?
{'text': 'high moral character', 'answer_start': 513}
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Australia had been shocked by the speedy collapse of British Malaya and Fall of Singapore in which around 15,000 Australian soldiers became prisoners of war. Curtin predicted that the "battle for Australia" would now follow. The Japanese established a major base in the Australian Territory of New Guinea in early 1942. ...
What mainland Australian city was attacked by the Japanese on February 19?
{'text': 'Darwin', 'answer_start': 336}
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Albert the Great wrote that wisdom and understanding enhance one's faith in God. According to him, these are the tools that God uses to commune with a contemplative. Love in the soul is both the cause and result of true understanding and judgement. It causes not only an intellectual knowledge of God, but a spiritual an...
What does God not use to speak with an average man?
{'text': 'understanding', 'answer_start': 414}
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The loss of viewers continued into season 12, which saw the show hitting a number of series low in the 18-49 demo. The finale had 7.2 million fewer viewers than the previous season, and saw a drop of 44% in the 18-49 demo. The season viewers averaged at 13.3 million, a drop of 24% from the previous season. The thirteen...
The season finale for season 12 had how many fewer viewers than season 11?
{'text': '7.2 million', 'answer_start': 130}
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Bohr also introduced the quantity , now known as the reduced Planck constant, as the quantum of angular momentum. At first, Bohr thought that this was the angular momentum of each electron in an atom: this proved incorrect and, despite developments by Sommerfeld and others, an accurate description of the electron angul...
What scientist used matrix mechanics to bring electron behavior in line with the Bohr model?
{'text': 'Heisenberg', 'answer_start': 513}
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Social sciences often examine emotion for the role that it plays in human culture and social interactions. In sociology, emotions are examined for the role they play in human society, social patterns and interactions, and culture. In anthropology, the study of humanity, scholars use ethnography to undertake contextual ...
What discipline makes use of ethnography?
{'text': 'anthropology', 'answer_start': 234}
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In the 1772 First Partition of Poland, the Prussian king Frederick the Great annexed neighboring Royal Prussia, i.e. the Polish voivodeships of Pomerania (Gdańsk Pomerania or Pomerelia), Malbork, Chełmno and the Prince-Bishopric of Warmia, thereby bridging the "Polish Corridor" between his Prussian and Farther Pomerani...
Who was the king of Poland?
{'text': 'Frederick the Great', 'answer_start': 57}
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The U.S. GAO's 2010 findings regarding the great difficulty of accurately gauging the economic impact of copyright infringement was reinforced within the same report by the body's research into three commonly cited estimates that had previously been provided to U.S. agencies. The GAO report explained that the sources –...
What 2010 body found how difficult it is to inaccurately report the financial impact of infringement?
{'text': 'U.S. GAO', 'answer_start': 4}
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Ectosymbiosis, also referred to as exosymbiosis, is any symbiotic relationship in which the symbiont lives on the body surface of the host, including the inner surface of the digestive tract or the ducts of exocrine glands. Examples of this include ectoparasites such as lice, commensal ectosymbionts such as the barnacl...
What mutualist ectosymbionts clean the barnacles that attach themselves to the jaw of baleen whales?
{'text': 'cleaner fish', 'answer_start': 411}
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The szlachta's prevalent mentality and ideology were manifested in "Sarmatism", a name derived from a myth of the szlachta's origin in the powerful ancient nation of Sarmatians. This belief system became an important part of szlachta culture and affected all aspects of their lives. It was popularized by poets who exalt...
What was the prevalent mentality and ideology called?
{'text': 'Sarmatism', 'answer_start': 68}
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On 17th Street (40°44′08″N 73°59′12″W / 40.735532°N 73.986575°W / 40.735532; -73.986575), traffic runs one way along the street, from east to west excepting the stretch between Broadway and Park Avenue South, where traffic runs in both directions. It forms the northern borders of both Union Square (between Broadway ...
What was Antonin Dvorak's New York home replaced with after it was demolished?
{'text': 'AIDS hospice', 'answer_start': 607}
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PlayStation Plus (commonly abbreviated PS+ and occasionally referred to as PSN Plus) is a premium PlayStation Network subscription service that was officially unveiled at E3 2010 by Jack Tretton, President and CEO of SCEA. Rumors of such service had been in speculation since Kaz Hirai's announcement at TGS 2009 of a po...
How is PlayStation Plus often abbreviated?
{'text': 'PS+', 'answer_start': 39}
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Sony officially unveiled PlayStation 3 (then marketed as PLAYSTATION 3) to the public on May 16, 2005, at E3 2005, along with a 'boomerang' shaped prototype design of the Sixaxis controller. A functional version of the system was not present there, nor at the Tokyo Game Show in September 2005, although demonstrations (...
What event did Sony choose for the PS3 unveiling?
{'text': 'E3 2005', 'answer_start': 106}
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In 1901, 10-inch disc records were introduced, followed in 1903 by 12-inch records. These could play for more than three and four minutes respectively, while contemporary cylinders could only play for about two minutes. In an attempt to head off the disc advantage, Edison introduced the Amberol cylinder in 1909, with a...
What year did the patent for lateral cut discs expire?
{'text': '1919', 'answer_start': 723}
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Biomass for heat and power is a fully mature technology which offers a ready disposal mechanism for municipal, agricultural, and industrial organic wastes. However, the industry has remained relatively stagnant over the decade to 2007, even though demand for biomass (mostly wood) continues to grow in many developing co...
What is a fully maturing technology which dont' offer a ready disposal mechanismm?
{'text': 'Biomass for heat and power', 'answer_start': 0}
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In 1988, only 60,000 computers were connected to the Internet, and most were mainframes, minicomputers and professional workstations. On November 2, 1988, many started to slow down, because they were running a malicious code that demanded processor time and that spread itself to other computers – the first internet "co...
Which internet connected computers slowed down?
{'text': 'mainframes, minicomputers and professional workstations', 'answer_start': 77}
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The first USAF dress uniform, in 1947, was dubbed and patented "Uxbridge Blue" after "Uxbridge 1683 Blue", developed at the former Bachman-Uxbridge Worsted Company. The current Service Dress Uniform, which was adopted in 1993 and standardized in 1995, consists of a three-button, pocketless coat, similar to that of a me...
Where was the Uxbridge Blue dress uniform developed?
{'text': 'former Bachman-Uxbridge Worsted Company', 'answer_start': 124}
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In 1979, the Japanese state broadcaster NHK first developed consumer high-definition television with a 5:3 display aspect ratio. The system, known as Hi-Vision or MUSE after its Multiple sub-Nyquist sampling encoding for encoding the signal, required about twice the bandwidth of the existing NTSC system but provided ab...
Who first developed consumer HD television with a 5:3 aspect ratio?
{'text': 'the Japanese state broadcaster NHK', 'answer_start': 9}
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The decidedly anti-Aristotelian and anti-clerical music theorist Vincenzo Galilei (ca. 1520–1591), father of Galileo and the inventor of monody, made use of the method in successfully solving musical problems, firstly, of tuning such as the relationship of pitch to string tension and mass in stringed instruments, and t...
Where was Galileo born?
{'text': 'Florence', 'answer_start': 472}
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After finishing last in the NL Central with 66 wins in 2006, the Cubs re-tooled and went from "worst to first" in 2007. In the offseason they signed Alfonso Soriano to a contract at 8 years for $136 million, and replaced manager Dusty Baker with fiery veteran manager Lou Piniella. After a rough start, which included a ...
Who was signed to a contract at 8 years for $136 million?
{'text': 'Alfonso Soriano', 'answer_start': 149}
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The sensitivity of Earth-based infrared telescopes is significantly limited by water vapor in the atmosphere, which absorbs a portion of the infrared radiation arriving from space outside of selected atmospheric windows. This limitation can be partially alleviated by placing the telescope observatory at a high altitude...
What is the ideal location for atmospheric windows?
{'text': 'outer space', 'answer_start': 446}
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One commentator has observed that, notwithstanding the high unemployment resulting from the loss of full passports during 1981–2002, the level of loyalty to the British monarchy by the St Helena population is probably not exceeded in any other part of the world. King George VI is the only reigning monarch to have visit...
Who is the only reigning Monarch to have visited the island?
{'text': 'King George VI', 'answer_start': 263}
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Burke was not merely presenting a peace agreement to Parliament; rather, he stepped forward with four reasons against using force, carefully reasoned. He laid out his objections in an orderly manner, focusing on one before moving to the next. His first concern was that the use of force would have to be temporary, and t...
What area could the American colonists retreat to?
{'text': 'the mountains', 'answer_start': 802}
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Many popular museums, such as the San Diego Museum of Art, the San Diego Natural History Museum, the San Diego Museum of Man, the Museum of Photographic Arts, and the San Diego Air & Space Museum are located in Balboa Park, which is also the location of the San Diego Zoo. The Museum of Contemporary Art San Diego (MCASD...
In what district can historic ship exhibits be found?
{'text': 'Columbia district downtown', 'answer_start': 476}
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Matter may be converted to energy (and vice versa), but mass cannot ever be destroyed; rather, mass/energy equivalence remains a constant for both the matter and the energy, during any process when they are converted into each other. However, since is extremely large relative to ordinary human scales, the conversion o...
Why is a loss of energy difficult to measure by weight?
{'text': 'mass equivalent of a unit of energy is minuscule', 'answer_start': 583}
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Pesticides are substances meant for attracting, seducing, and then destroying any pest. They are a class of biocide. The most common use of pesticides is as plant protection products (also known as crop protection products), which in general protect plants from damaging influences such as weeds, fungi, or insects. This...
What are pesticides most commonly used for?
{'text': 'The most common use of pesticides is as plant protection products', 'answer_start': 117}
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After fans noticed Mercury's increasingly gaunt appearance in 1988, rumours began to spread that Mercury was suffering from AIDS. Mercury flatly denied this, insisting he was merely "exhausted" and too busy to provide interviews. The band decided to continue making albums, starting with The Miracle in 1989 and continui...
When did Queen end their contract with Capitol?
{'text': '1990', 'answer_start': 616}
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Estonia has pursued the development of the e-state and e-government. Internet voting is used in elections in Estonia. The first internet voting took place in the 2005 local elections and the first in a parliamentary election was made available for the 2007 elections, in which 30,275 individuals voted over the internet....
In 2007, how many Estonians used internet voting?
{'text': '30,275', 'answer_start': 277}
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Theophrastus wrote some of the earliest descriptions of plants and animals, establishing the first taxonomy and looking at minerals in terms of their properties such as hardness. Pliny the Elder produced what is one of the largest encyclopedias of the natural world in 77 AD, and must be regarded as the rightful success...
Who do engravers use diamond dust for?
{'text': 'to cut and polish other gems', 'answer_start': 477}
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Whereas SCIMs cannot turn a shaft faster than allowed by the power line frequency, universal motors can run at much higher speeds. This makes them useful for appliances such as blenders, vacuum cleaners, and hair dryers where high speed and light weight are desirable. They are also commonly used in portable power tools...
At around what RMP do miniature grinders operate?
{'text': '30,000', 'answer_start': 523}
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The earliest known cultural tribes of the area were members of the Hallstatt and La Tène cultures, named after the archaeological site of La Tène on the north side of Lake Neuchâtel. La Tène culture developed and flourished during the late Iron Age from around 450 BC, possibly under some influence from the Greek and Et...
What were the two earliest know cultural tribes in Switerland?
{'text': 'Hallstatt and La Tène', 'answer_start': 67}
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Since the Three Kingdoms period, Nanjing has been an industrial centre for textiles and minting owing to its strategic geographical location and convenient transportation. During the Ming dynasty, Nanjing's industry was further expanded, and the city became one of the most prosperous cities in China and the world. It l...
During what dynasty was Nanjing the biggest business center in all of East Asia?
{'text': 'Ming', 'answer_start': 183}
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The average net household income (after social, pension and health insurance contributions) in Paris was €36,085 for 2011. It ranged from €22,095 in the 19th arrondissement to €82,449 in the 7th arrondissement. The median taxable income for 2011 was around €25,000 in Paris and €22,200 for Île-de-France. Generally speak...
What was the unemployment rate in the Siene-Saint-Denis department?
{'text': '13.1', 'answer_start': 681}
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Soviet generals with extensive combat experience from the Second World War were sent to North Korea as the Soviet Advisory Group. These generals completed the plans for the attack by May. The original plans called for a skirmish to be initiated in the Ongjin Peninsula on the west coast of Korea. The North Koreans would...
Who did the Soviets send to North Korea?
{'text': 'Soviet generals', 'answer_start': 0}
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Tito has also been named as responsible for systematic eradication of the ethnic German (Danube Swabian) population in Vojvodina by expulsions and mass executions following the collapse of the German occupation of Yugoslavia at the end of World War II, in contrast to his inclusive attitude towards other Yugoslav nation...
What is the ethnic origin of the Danube Swabian people?
{'text': 'German', 'answer_start': 81}
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Although several companies each produce over a billion individually packaged (known as discrete) transistors every year, the vast majority of transistors are now produced in integrated circuits (often shortened to IC, microchips or simply chips), along with diodes, resistors, capacitors and other electronic components,...
Where are transistors being produced?
{'text': 'Earth', 'answer_start': 604}
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The five Great Lakes are located in the north-central portion of the country, four of them forming part of the border with Canada, only Lake Michigan situated entirely within United States. The southeast United States contain subtropical forests and, near the gulf coast, mangrove wetlands, especially in Florida. West o...
What are the two large Western tributaries of the Mississippi River?
{'text': 'Ohio River and the Tennessee River', 'answer_start': 411}
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Medieval political philosophy in Europe was heavily influenced by Christian thinking. It had much in common with the Mutazalite Islamic thinking in that the Roman Catholics though subordinating philosophy to theology did not subject reason to revelation but in the case of contradictions, subordinated reason to faith as...
What influenced medieval politics?
{'text': 'Christian thinking', 'answer_start': 66}
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Universal's forays into high-quality production spelled the end of the Laemmle era at the studio. Taking on the task of modernizing and upgrading a film conglomerate in the depths of the depression was risky, and for a time Universal slipped into receivership. The theater chain was scrapped, but Carl, Jr. held fast to ...
What type of chain conglomerate was scrapped?
{'text': 'theater', 'answer_start': 265}
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The Tibetan name for their land, Bod བོད་, means "Tibet" or "Tibetan Plateau", although it originally meant the central region around Lhasa, now known in Tibetan as Ü. The Standard Tibetan pronunciation of Bod, [pʰøʔ˨˧˨], is transcribed Bhö in Tournadre Phonetic Transcription, Bö in the THL Simplified Phonetic Transcri...
When was the first written reference to Tibet by the Egyptian people made?
{'text': '1st century CE', 'answer_start': 517}
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The Administrator of Prussia, the grandmaster of the Teutonic Order Maximilian III, son of emperor Maximilian II died in 1618. When Maximilian died, Albert's line died out, and the Duchy of Prussia passed to the Electors of Brandenburg, forming Brandenburg-Prussia. Taking advantage of the Swedish invasion of Poland in ...
In what year was Maximilian III born?
{'text': '1618', 'answer_start': 121}
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The Louvre was the world's most visited art museum in 2014, with 9.3 million visitors. Its treasures include the Mona Lisa (La Joconde) and the Venus de Milo statue. Starkly apparent with its service-pipe exterior, the Centre Georges Pompidou, the second-most visited art museum in Paris, also known as Beaubourg, houses...
What is the second most visited art museum in Paris?
{'text': 'Centre Georges Pompidou', 'answer_start': 219}
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Throughout the second half of the 19th century, child labour began to decline in industrialised societies due to regulation and economic factors. The regulation of child labour began from the earliest days of the Industrial revolution. The first act to regulate child labour in Britain was passed in 1803. As early as 18...
During the 19th century was there any advocates for the working children?
{'text': 'Lord Shaftesbury', 'answer_start': 961}
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Though women were protected by late Sumerian law and were able to achieve a higher status in Sumer than in other contemporary civilizations, the culture was male-dominated. The Code of Ur-Nammu, the oldest such codification yet discovered, dating to the Ur-III "Sumerian Renaissance", reveals a glimpse at societal struc...
Who was at the top of the power pyramid in Sumerian society?
{'text': 'the lu-gal', 'answer_start': 355}
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On May 26, 2009, Microsoft announced the future release of the Zune HD (in the fall of 2009), the next addition to the Zune product range. This is of an impact on the Xbox Live Video Store as it was also announced that the Zune Video Marketplace and the Xbox Live Video Store will be merged to form the Zune Marketplace,...
What was the new name of this Live video store?
{'text': 'Zune Marketplace', 'answer_start': 303}
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The University of Kansas School of Law was the top law school in the state of Kansas, and 68th nationally, according to the 2014 U.S. News & World Report "Best Graduate Schools" edition. Classes are held in Green Hall at W 15th St and Burdick Dr, which is named after former dean James Green.
For whom is Green Hall named?
{'text': 'James Green', 'answer_start': 280}
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On 22 May 2015, Sun reporter Anthony France was found guilty of aiding and abetting misconduct in a public office between 2008 and 2011. France’s trial followed the London Metropolitan Police's Operation Elveden, an ongoing investigation into alleged payments to police and officials in exchange for information. He had ...
Which Sun reporter was found guilty in 2015?
{'text': 'Anthony France', 'answer_start': 29}
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The British—by inclination as well as for practical reasons—had tended to avoid large-scale commitments of troops on the Continent. They sought to offset the disadvantage of this in Europe by allying themselves with one or more Continental powers whose interests were antithetical to those of their enemies, particularly...
How did the British avoid having large contingents of troops in continental Europe?
{'text': 'allying themselves with one or more Continental powers whose interests were antithetical to those of their enemies,', 'answer_start': 192}
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The wet season begins some time in May, ending in mid-October. During this period, temperatures are in the mid 80s to low 90s (29–35 °C), accompanied by high humidity, though the heat is often relieved by afternoon thunderstorms or a sea breeze that develops off the Atlantic Ocean, which then allow lower temperatures, ...
How many centimeters of rain fall on Miami annually?
{'text': '1,420', 'answer_start': 392}
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In May 2013, Microsoft launched a new television campaign for Windows 8 illustrating the capabilities and pricing of Windows 8 tablets in comparison to the iPad, which featured the voice of Siri remarking on the iPad's limitations in a parody of Apple's "Get a Mac" advertisements. On June 12, 2013 during game 1 of the ...
When was the last game of the 2014 Stanley Cup Finals?
{'text': 'June 12, 2013', 'answer_start': 285}
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The name Nigeria was taken from the Niger River running through the country. This name was allegedly coined in the late 19th century by British journalist Flora Shaw, she was inspired by the name of the river, in preference to terms such as "Central Sudan". The origin of the name ''Nigeria'' came from the name of the N...
What is Nigeria named after?
{'text': 'the Niger River', 'answer_start': 32}
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The original city council line-up of 14 members (nine district-based and five at-large positions) was based on a U.S. Justice Department mandate which took effect in 1979. At-large council members represent the entire city. Under the city charter, once the population in the city limits exceeded 2.1 million residents, t...
How many members did the original Texas city council have?
{'text': '14', 'answer_start': 37}
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In 2010, there were concerns among Tajik officials that Islamic militarism in the east of the country was on the rise following the escape of 25 militants from a Tajik prison in August, an ambush that killed 28 Tajik soldiers in the Rasht Valley in September, and another ambush in the valley in October that killed 30 s...
Why was there concerns in 2010?
{'text': 'that Islamic militarism in the east of the country was on the rise following the escape of 25 militants from a Tajik prison in August', 'answer_start': 51}
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Madrasa (Arabic: مدرسة‎, madrasah, pl. مدارس, madāris, Turkish: Medrese) is the Arabic word for any type of educational institution, whether secular or religious (of any religion). The word is variously transliterated madrasah, madarasaa, medresa, madrassa, madraza, medrese, etc. In the West, the word usually refers to...
What school does Madrasa not refer to?
{'text': 'religious school', 'answer_start': 340}
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By 1975 the majority of local authorities in England and Wales had abandoned the 11-plus examination and moved to a comprehensive system. Over that 10-year period many secondary modern schools and grammar schools were amalgamated to form large neighbourhood comprehensives, whilst a number of new schools were built to a...
Grammar schools that closed were converted to what?
{'text': 'comprehensive schools', 'answer_start': 675}
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Aonuma had anticipated creating a Zelda game for what would later be called the Wii, but had assumed that he would need to complete Twilight Princess first. His team began work developing a pointing-based interface for the bow and arrow, and Aonuma found that aiming directly at the screen gave the game a new feel, just...
Who found that aiming directly at the GameCube gave the game a new feel?
{'text': 'Aonuma', 'answer_start': 242}
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From that moment Galicia, which participated to a minor extent in the American expansion of the Spanish Empire, found itself at the center of the Atlantic wars fought by Spain against the French and the Protestant powers of England and the Netherlands, whose privateers attacked the coastal areas, but major assaults wer...
Who attacked Cangas in 1617?
{'text': 'Barbary pirates', 'answer_start': 593}
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Clodius formed armed gangs that terrorised the city and eventually began to attack Pompey's followers, who in response funded counter-gangs formed by Titus Annius Milo. The political alliance of the triumvirate was crumbling. Domitius Ahenobarbus ran for the consulship in 55 BC promising to take Caesar's command from h...
Who was responsible for the attacks on followers of Pompey?
{'text': 'Clodius', 'answer_start': 0}
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On January 7, 2012, Beyoncé gave birth to a daughter, Blue Ivy Carter, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York under heavy security. Two days later, Jay Z released "Glory", a song dedicated to their child, on his website Lifeandtimes.com. The song detailed the couple's pregnancy struggles, including a miscarriage Beyoncé su...
How was Blue Ivy credited on Glory?
{'text': 'B.I.C.', 'answer_start': 457}
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Every dollar ($1) that is spent on pesticides for crops yields four dollars ($4) in crops saved. This means based that, on the amount of money spent per year on pesticides, $10 billion, there is an additional $40 billion savings in crop that would be lost due to damage by insects and weeds. In general, farmers benefit ...
How much money is spent each year to fight malaria?
{'text': '$10 billion', 'answer_start': 173}
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During encoding, 576 time-domain samples are taken and are transformed to 576 frequency-domain samples.[clarification needed] If there is a transient, 192 samples are taken instead of 576. This is done to limit the temporal spread of quantization noise accompanying the transient. (See psychoacoustics.)
When 192 samples are taken instead of 576, it is done in an effort to limit what?
{'text': 'temporal spread', 'answer_start': 215}
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Smith's first Macintosh board was built to Raskin's design specifications: it had 64 kilobytes (kB) of RAM, used the Motorola 6809E microprocessor, and was capable of supporting a 256×256-pixel black-and-white bitmap display. Bud Tribble, a member of the Mac team, was interested in running the Apple Lisa's graphical pr...
What did Tribble last incorporate into the Mac?
{'text': "Lisa's Motorola 68000 microprocessor", 'answer_start': 394}
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The United Nations estimates that the population in 2009 was at 154,729,000, distributed as 51.7% rural and 48.3% urban, and with a population density of 167.5 people per square kilometre. National census results in the past few decades have been disputed. The results of the most recent census were released in December...
What was Nigeria's population in 2009?
{'text': '154,729,000', 'answer_start': 64}
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If Norman was apparently attempting to change British policy, it was perhaps William Miller (1864–1945), journalist and expert on the Near East, who did the most in that direction. In essence, he signed the death warrant, so to speak, of the Age of Empires. The fall of the Ottoman Empire ultimately enmeshed all the oth...
What was William Miller's life span?
{'text': '1864–1945', 'answer_start': 93}