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AAA battalions were also used to help suppress ground targets. Their larger 90 mm M3 gun would prove, as did the eighty-eight, to make an excellent anti-tank gun as well, and was widely used late in the war in this role. Also available to the Americans at the start of the war was the 120 mm M1 gun stratosphere gun, whi...
What did the Americans use at the beginning of the war?
{'text': '120 mm M1 gun stratosphere gun', 'answer_start': 285}
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In the United States, as part of the FCC's plug and play agreement, cable companies are required to provide customers who rent HD set-top boxes with a set-top box with "functional" FireWire (IEEE 1394) on request. None of the direct broadcast satellite providers have offered this feature on any of their supported boxes...
Content is not protected by what encryption?
{'text': '5C', 'answer_start': 473}
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According to historian Shaye J. D. Cohen, the status of the offspring of mixed marriages was determined patrilineally in the Bible. He brings two likely explanations for the change in Mishnaic times: first, the Mishnah may have been applying the same logic to mixed marriages as it had applied to other mixtures (Kil'ayi...
What did Roman law dictate if a parent contracted a legal marriage?
{'text': 'offspring would follow the mother', 'answer_start': 590}
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The Republic of the Congo also has large untapped base metal, gold, iron and phosphate deposits. The country is a member of the Organization for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa (OHADA). The Congolese government signed an agreement in 2009 to lease 200,000 hectares of land to South African farmers to reduce ...
What country did the South African government lease land to?
{'text': 'The Republic of the Congo', 'answer_start': 0}
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Small-scale "expedition tourism" has existed since 1957 and is currently subject to Antarctic Treaty and Environmental Protocol provisions, but in effect self-regulated by the International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators (IAATO). Not all vessels associated with Antarctic tourism are members of IAATO, but IAAT...
How many of the Antarctic tour operators belong to IAATO?
{'text': '95%', 'answer_start': 342}
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Crystal Bowersox, who has Type-I diabetes, fell ill due to diabetic ketoacidosis on the morning of the girls performance night for the top 20 week and was hospitalized. The schedule was rearranged so the boys performed first and she could perform the following night instead; she later revealed that Ken Warwick, the sho...
Which contestant had Type-I diabetes?
{'text': 'Crystal Bowersox', 'answer_start': 0}
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In order to reduce negative impacts, it is desirable that pesticides be degradable or at least quickly deactivated in the environment. Such loss of activity or toxicity of pesticides is due to both innate chemical properties of the compounds and environmental processes or conditions. For example, the presence of haloge...
How else can negative impacts of pesticides be reduced?
{'text': 'quickly deactivated in the environment', 'answer_start': 95}
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If all three parameters are used, they are specified in the following form: [frame size][scanning system][frame or field rate] or [frame size]/[frame or field rate][scanning system].[citation needed] Often, frame size or frame rate can be dropped if its value is implied from context. In this case, the remaining numeric...
What are the three HDTV parameters?
{'text': '[frame size][scanning system][frame or field rate]', 'answer_start': 76}
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In December 2011, Xinhua stated that "[t]he basic structure of the Beidou system has now been established, and engineers are now conducting comprehensive system test and evaluation. The system will provide test-run services of positioning, navigation and time for China and the neighboring areas before the end of this y...
When is it projected that the global navigation system will be finished?
{'text': 'by 2020', 'answer_start': 471}
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In June 1982, Diego Maradona was signed for a world record fee of £5 million from Boca Juniors. In the following season, under coach Luis, Barcelona won the Copa del Rey, beating Real Madrid. However, Maradona's time with Barcelona was short-lived and he soon left for Napoli. At the start of the 1984–85 season, Terry V...
How much was the signing payment for Diego Maradona?
{'text': '£5 million', 'answer_start': 66}
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Later, the 3rd dynasty of Ur under Ur-Nammu and Shulgi, whose power extended as far as southern Assyria, was the last great "Sumerian renaissance", but already the region was becoming more Semitic than Sumerian, with the rise in power of the Akkadian speaking Semites in Assyria and elsewhere, and the influx of waves of...
During who's reign was the area becoming more Sumerian than Semitic?
{'text': 'Ur-Nammu and Shulgi', 'answer_start': 35}
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Kingdom Plantae belongs to Domain Eukarya and is broken down recursively until each species is separately classified. The order is: Kingdom; Phylum (or Division); Class; Order; Family; Genus (plural genera); Species. The scientific name of a plant represents its genus and its species within the genus, resulting in a si...
What is the most narrow grouping of a plant?
{'text': 'Species', 'answer_start': 208}
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African Americans made up 41 percent of death row inmates while making up only 12.6 percent of the general population. (They have made up 34 percent of those actually executed since 1976.) However, that number is lower than that of prison inmates, which is 47 percent. According to the US Department of Justice, African ...
What percentage of American prison inmates are South American?
{'text': '47', 'answer_start': 257}
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Greece: On March 24, 2008, the Olympic Flame was ignited at Olympia, Greece, site of the ancient Olympic Games. The actress Maria Nafpliotou, in the role of a High Priestess, ignited the torch of the first torchbearer, a silver medalist of the 2004 Summer Olympics in taekwondo Alexandros Nikolaidis from Greece, who ha...
What medal did the first torchbearer have from prior games?
{'text': 'silver', 'answer_start': 222}
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Just eight months into his presidency, the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 suddenly transformed Bush into a wartime president. Bush's approval ratings surged to near 90%. Within a month, the forces of a coalition led by the United States entered Afghanistan, which had been sheltering Osama bin Laden, suspected ...
Did Bush become disfavorable during the time of the 9/11 attacks?
{'text': 'surged to near 90%', 'answer_start': 159}
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During the Cantonal Revolution of 1873, a cantonalist uprising that took place during the First Spanish Republic, the city was consolidated with most of the nearby cities in the Federal Canton of Valencia (proclaimed on 19 July and dissolved on 7 August). It did not have the revolutionary fervor of the movement in citi...
Who was sent to stop Valencia's uprising?
{'text': 'General Martinez-Campos', 'answer_start': 406}
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Time has long been a major subject of study in religion, philosophy, and science, but defining it in a manner applicable to all fields without circularity has consistently eluded scholars. Nevertheless, diverse fields such as business, industry, sports, the sciences, and the performing arts all incorporate some notion ...
What do athletes need to use to be aware of where their teammates are in a game?
{'text': 'perception', 'answer_start': 823}
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The blue and red colours of the shirt were first worn in a match against Hispania in 1900. Several competing theories have been put forth for the blue and red design of the Barcelona shirt. The son of the first president, Arthur Witty, claimed it was the idea of his father as the colours were the same as the Merchant T...
What do the red and yellow stripes of the away kit symbolize?
{'text': 'flag of Catalonia', 'answer_start': 712}
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Several solid dielectrics are available, including paper, plastic, glass, mica and ceramic materials. Paper was used extensively in older devices and offers relatively high voltage performance. However, it is susceptible to water absorption, and has been largely replaced by plastic film capacitors. Plastics offer bette...
What type of capacitor has not replaced solid state paper capacitors?
{'text': 'plastic film capacitors', 'answer_start': 275}
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Pitch is an auditory sensation in which a listener assigns musical tones to relative positions on a musical scale based primarily on their perception of the frequency of vibration. Pitch is closely related to frequency, but the two are not equivalent. Frequency is an objective, scientific attribute that can be measured...
What is pitch closely related to?
{'text': 'frequency', 'answer_start': 209}
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A party's floor leader, in conjunction with other party leaders, plays an influential role in the formulation of party policy and programs. He is instrumental in guiding legislation favored by his party through the House, or in resisting those programs of the other party that are considered undesirable by his own party...
What committees does the whip organization oversee?
{'text': 'House committees', 'answer_start': 724}
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The Olympic Torch is based on traditional scrolls and uses a traditional Chinese design known as "Lucky Cloud". It is made from aluminum. It is 72 centimetres high and weighs 985 grams. The torch is designed to remain lit in 65 kilometre per hour (37 mile per hour) winds, and in rain of up to 50 millimetres (2 inches) ...
What is the Chinese design used on the Olympic Torch?
{'text': 'Lucky Cloud', 'answer_start': 98}
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Bell's patent 174,465, was issued to Bell on March 7, 1876, by the U.S. Patent Office. Bell's patent covered "the method of, and apparatus for, transmitting vocal or other sounds telegraphically ... by causing electrical undulations, similar in form to the vibrations of the air accompanying the said vocal or other soun...
What number is Bell's patent?
{'text': '174,465', 'answer_start': 14}
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Israel has two official languages, Hebrew and Arabic. Hebrew is the primary language of the state and is spoken everyday by the majority of the population, and Arabic is spoken by the Arab minority and Hebrew is taught in Arab schools. English was an official language during the Mandate period; it lost this status afte...
How many Israelis speak French?
{'text': '700,000', 'answer_start': 1125}
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In 2007, two FAA whistleblowers, inspectors Charalambe "Bobby" Boutris and Douglas E. Peters, alleged that Boutris said he attempted to ground Southwest after finding cracks in the fuselage, but was prevented by supervisors he said were friendly with the airline. This was validated by a report by the Department of Tran...
Why did Boutris say Peters attempted to ground Southwest?
{'text': 'cracks in the fuselage', 'answer_start': 167}
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A further line in the directive stressed the need to inflict the heaviest losses possible, but also to intensify the air war in order to create the impression an amphibious assault on Britain was planned for 1941. However, meteorological conditions over Britain were not favourable for flying and prevented an escalation...
What was preventing escalation of air operations?
{'text': 'meteorological conditions over Britain', 'answer_start': 223}
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The Northwestern Interdisciplinary Law Review is a scholarly legal publication published annually by an editorial board of Northwestern University undergraduates. The journal's mission is to publish interdisciplinary legal research, drawing from fields such as history, literature, economics, philosophy, and art. Founde...
Who publishes The Southwestern Interdisciplinary Law Review?
{'text': 'editorial board of Northwestern University undergraduates', 'answer_start': 104}
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A cappella [a kapˈpɛlla] (Italian for "in the manner of the chapel") music is specifically group or solo singing without instrumental accompaniment, or a piece intended to be performed in this way. It contrasts with cantata, which is accompanied singing. The term "a cappella" was originally intended to differentiate be...
What does A cappella mean in the Italian language?
{'text': 'in the manner of the chapel', 'answer_start': 39}
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Neville Southall holds the record for the most Everton appearances, having played 751 first-team matches between 1981 and 1997, and previously held the record for the most league clean sheets during a season (15). During the 2008–09 season, this record was beaten by American goalkeeper Tim Howard (17). The late centre ...
Which former captain made 534 appearances with the Everton Football Club?
{'text': 'Brian Labone', 'answer_start': 344}
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Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) systems use lenses or mirrors and tracking systems to focus a large area of sunlight into a small beam. The concentrated heat is then used as a heat source for a conventional power plant. A wide range of concentrating technologies exists; the most developed are the parabolic trough, the ...
What do Concentrating Solar Power systems use?
{'text': 'lenses or mirrors and tracking systems', 'answer_start': 44}
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Scarab beetles held religious and cultural symbolism in Old Egypt, Greece and some shamanistic Old World cultures. The ancient Chinese regarded cicadas as symbols of rebirth or immortality. In Mesopotamian literature, the epic poem of Gilgamesh has allusions to Odonata which signify the impossibility of immortality. Am...
Cicadas symbolize immortality in what culture?
{'text': 'Chinese', 'answer_start': 127}
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Historians trace the earliest church labeled Baptist back to 1609 in Amsterdam, with English Separatist John Smyth as its pastor. In accordance with his reading of the New Testament, he rejected baptism of infants and instituted baptism only of believing adults. Baptist practice spread to England, where the General Bap...
Who founded the first Baptist group in what is now the United States?
{'text': 'Roger Williams', 'answer_start': 465}
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The Gram stain, developed in 1884 by Hans Christian Gram, characterises bacteria based on the structural characteristics of their cell walls. The thick layers of peptidoglycan in the "Gram-positive" cell wall stain purple, while the thin "Gram-negative" cell wall appears pink. By combining morphology and Gram-staining,...
What was developed by Hans Christian Gram?
{'text': 'The Gram stain', 'answer_start': 0}
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As an adolescent, he had a particular love of theology and the Scriptures became the foundation of his spirituality. During his studies in Palencia, Spain, he experienced a dreadful famine, prompting Dominic to sell all of his beloved books and other equipment to help his neighbors. After he completed his studies, Bish...
Where did Bishop Martin Bazan and Prior Diego d'Achebes refuse to appoint Dominic to?
{'text': 'the cathedral chapter', 'answer_start': 383}
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The General Assembly has considered rule of law as an agenda item since 1992, with renewed interest since 2006 and has adopted resolutions at its last three sessions. The Security Council has held a number of thematic debates on the rule of law, and adopted resolutions emphasizing the importance of these issues in the ...
In what year was interest renewed in the rule of law within the General Assembly?
{'text': '2006', 'answer_start': 106}
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By the late 80s, House had moved West, particularly to San Francisco, Oakland, Los Angeles, Fresno, San Diego and Seattle. Los Angeles saw a huge explosion of underground raves and DJs, notably DJs Marques Wyatt and Billy Long, who spun at Jewel's Catch One, the oldest dance club in America. In 1989, the L.A. based, fo...
dada nada was the moniker for what artist's solo act?
{'text': 'Ozn', 'answer_start': 762}
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The American Idol Songwriter contest was also held this season. From ten of the most popular submissions, each of the final two contestants chose a song to perform, although neither of their selections was used as the "coronation song". The winning song, "The Time of My Life", was recorded by David Cook and released on...
What was the coronation song?
{'text': 'The Time of My Life', 'answer_start': 256}
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One STOBAR carrier: Liaoning was originally built as the 57,000 tonne Soviet Admiral Kuznetsov-class carrier Varyag and was later purchased as a stripped hulk by China in 1998 on the pretext of use as a floating casino, then partially rebuilt and towed to China for completion. Liaoning was commissioned on 25 September ...
What is Liaoning classifed as?
{'text': 'a training ship', 'answer_start': 507}
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In central portions of the U.S., tornadoes are more common than anywhere else on Earth and touch down most commonly in the spring and summer. Deadly and destructive hurricanes occur almost every year along the Atlantic seaboard and the Gulf of Mexico. The Appalachian region and the Midwest experience the worst floods, ...
The Northwest and what other region experienced the worst flooding in the US?
{'text': 'Midwest', 'answer_start': 283}
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In the United States, as part of the FCC's plug and play agreement, cable companies are required to provide customers who rent HD set-top boxes with a set-top box with "functional" FireWire (IEEE 1394) on request. None of the direct broadcast satellite providers have offered this feature on any of their supported boxes...
Prior to 2006, what were US cable companies required to provide customers who rent HD set-top boxes?
{'text': 'set-top boxes with a set-top box with "functional" FireWire', 'answer_start': 130}
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The leading naturalist in Britain was the anatomist Richard Owen, an idealist who had shifted to the view in the 1850s that the history of life was the gradual unfolding of a divine plan. Owen's review of the Origin in the April 1860 Edinburgh Review bitterly attacked Huxley, Hooker and Darwin, but also signalled accep...
Who was the leading naturalist in Britain?
{'text': 'Richard Owen,', 'answer_start': 52}
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Feynman diagrams are now fundamental for string theory and M-theory, and have even been extended topologically. The world-lines of the diagrams have developed to become tubes to allow better modeling of more complicated objects such as strings and membranes. Shortly before his death, Feynman criticized string theory in...
Which quote by Feynman is often used by string theory opponents?
{'text': '\'Well, it still might be true.\'"', 'answer_start': 558}
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At her Silver Jubilee in 1977, the crowds and celebrations were genuinely enthusiastic, but in the 1980s, public criticism of the royal family increased, as the personal and working lives of Elizabeth's children came under media scrutiny. Elizabeth's popularity sank to a low point in the 1990s. Under pressure from publ...
What attribute of Elizabeth fell to low in the 1990s?
{'text': 'popularity', 'answer_start': 251}
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The Early Triassic was between 250 million to 247 million years ago and was dominated by deserts as Pangaea had not yet broken up, thus the interior was nothing but arid. The Earth had just witnessed a massive die-off in which 95% of all life went extinct. The most common life on earth were Lystrosaurus, Labyrinthodont...
What species had evolved before the extinction and would become the basic predator in the Triassic?
{'text': 'Temnospondyli', 'answer_start': 410}
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In February 1925, the Cardinal Secretary of State Pietro Gasparri summoned him to the Vatican and informed him of Pope Pius XI's decision to appoint him as the Apostolic Visitor to Bulgaria (1925–35). On 3 March, Pius XI also named him for consecration as titular archbishop of Areopolis, Jordan. Roncalli was initially ...
Where was Pope Pius XI consecrated?
{'text': 'in the church of San Carlo alla Corso in Rome', 'answer_start': 504}
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The 1469 marriage of Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon and the 1479 death of John II of Aragon led to the creation of modern-day Spain. In 1492, Granada was captured from the Moors, thereby completing the Reconquista. Portugal had during the 15th century – particularly under Henry the Navigator – gradual...
When was ancient-day Spain created?
{'text': '1492', 'answer_start': 154}
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In November 2008, economist Dean Baker observed: "There is a really good reason for tighter credit. Tens of millions of homeowners who had substantial equity in their homes two years ago have little or nothing today. Businesses are facing the worst downturn since the Great Depression. This matters for credit decisions....
What is one of the major problems with the economy in November 2008?
{'text': 'loss of close to $6 trillion in housing wealth', 'answer_start': 985}
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Southern Baptist Landmarkism sought to reset the ecclesiastical separation which had characterized the old Baptist churches, in an era when inter-denominational union meetings were the order of the day. James Robinson Graves was an influential Baptist of the 19th century and the primary leader of this movement. While s...
What sought to reset the ecclesiastical separation which had characterized the old Baptist churches?
{'text': 'Southern Baptist Landmarkism', 'answer_start': 0}
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Tiberius' brother Gaius was elected tribune in 123 BC. Gaius Gracchus' ultimate goal was to weaken the senate and to strengthen the democratic forces. In the past, for example, the senate would eliminate political rivals either by establishing special judicial commissions or by passing a senatus consultum ultimum ("ult...
In what year was Gaius elected to office?
{'text': '123 BC', 'answer_start': 47}
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Short-term memory is supported by transient patterns of neuronal communication, dependent on regions of the frontal lobe (especially dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) and the parietal lobe. Long-term memory, on the other hand, is maintained by more stable and permanent changes in neural connections widely spread througho...
Which part of the brain does short-term memory seem to rely on?
{'text': 'frontal lobe (especially dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) and the parietal lobe', 'answer_start': 108}
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Madonna was criticized for her performance of "Like a Virgin" at the first 1984 MTV Video Music Awards (VMA). She appeared on stage atop a giant wedding cake, wearing a wedding dress and white gloves. The performance is noted by MTV as an iconic moment in VMA history. In later years, Madonna commented that she was terr...
When did Madonna audition for a dance role in the show "A Chorus Line?"
{'text': 'February 1984', 'answer_start': 777}
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Often, large multinational corporations exhibit vertical integration, participating in a broad range of drug discovery and development, manufacturing and quality control, marketing, sales, and distribution. Smaller organizations, on the other hand, often focus on a specific aspect such as discovering drug candidates or...
How do large corporations show multi-nationals integration?
{'text': 'participating in a broad range of drug discovery and development, manufacturing and quality control, marketing, sales, and distribution', 'answer_start': 70}
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ASCII was incorporated into the Unicode character set as the first 128 symbols, so the 7-bit ASCII characters have the same numeric codes in both sets. This allows UTF-8 to be backward compatible with 7-bit ASCII, as a UTF-8 file containing only ASCII characters is identical to an ASCII file containing the same sequenc...
What set is backward compatible with 7-bit ASCII?
{'text': 'UTF-8', 'answer_start': 164}
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In 1978, Queen toured the US and Canada, and spent much of 1979 touring in Europe and Japan. They released their first live album, Live Killers, in 1979; it went platinum twice in the US. Queen also released the very successful single "Crazy Little Thing Called Love", a rockabilly inspired song done in the style of Elv...
In what year was Queen's Live Killers released?
{'text': '1979', 'answer_start': 148}
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The bank must also co-operate within the EU and internationally with third bodies and entities. Finally, it contributes to maintaining a stable financial system and monitoring the banking sector. The latter can be seen, for example, in the bank's intervention during the subprime mortgage crisis when it loaned billions ...
Who rejected, along with the ECB, to use Term auction to help stabilize the financial crisis and improve dollar liquidity?
{'text': 'Federal Reserve System', 'answer_start': 431}
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Physically, clothing serves many purposes: it can serve as protection from the elements, and can enhance safety during hazardous activities such as hiking and cooking. It protects the wearer from rough surfaces, rash-causing plants, insect bites, splinters, thorns and prickles by providing a barrier between the skin an...
Clothing cannot protect you from what kind of activities
{'text': 'hazardous', 'answer_start': 119}
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The age of the Earth is about 4.54 billion years old. The earliest undisputed evidence of life on Earth dates at least from 3.5 billion years ago, during the Eoarchean Era after a geological crust started to solidify following the earlier molten Hadean Eon. There are microbial mat fossils found in 3.48 billion-year-old...
What is the name of the era that predated life on Earth?
{'text': 'Hadean Eon', 'answer_start': 246}
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At all airports the use of a traffic pattern (often called a traffic circuit outside the U.S.) is possible. They may help to assure smooth traffic flow between departing and arriving aircraft. There is no technical need within modern aviation for performing this pattern, provided there is no queue. And due to the so-ca...
What is it like for aircraft landing at small airfields as fast as possible while following the glidepath?
{'text': 'things are very different', 'answer_start': 824}
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Public education in Tajikistan consists of 11 years of primary and secondary education but the government has plans to implement a 12-year system in 2016. There is a relatively large number of tertiary education institutions including Khujand State University which has 76 departments in 15 faculties, Tajikistan State U...
Many Tajiks left the education system due to high demand in the labor what?
{'text': 'market', 'answer_start': 742}
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In his 1884 article William James argued that feelings and emotions were secondary to physiological phenomena. In his theory, James proposed that the perception of what he called an "exciting fact" directly led to a physiological response, known as "emotion." To account for different types of emotional experiences, Jam...
What didn't James believe a stimulus act upon to produce emotion?
{'text': 'autonomic nervous system', 'answer_start': 369}
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At the time of the Roman Empire, about two thousand years ago, various tribes, which spoke Celtic dialects of the Insular Celtic group, were inhabiting the islands. The Romans expanded their civilisation to control southern Great Britain but were impeded in advancing any further, building Hadrian's Wall to mark the nor...
Which empire expanded to control southern Spain?
{'text': 'Roman', 'answer_start': 19}
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If the Spanish monarch ever refused in conscience to grant royal assent, a procedure similar to the Belgian handling of King Baudouin's objection would not be possible under the current constitution. If the sovereign were ever declared incapable of discharging royal authority, his or her powers would not be transferred...
Could a Spanish ruler follow the same action of events as King Baudouin did in Belgium?
{'text': 'not be possible under the current constitution', 'answer_start': 152}
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In 1952, following a referendum, Baden, Württemberg-Baden, and Württemberg-Hohenzollern merged into Baden-Württemberg. In 1957, the Saar Protectorate rejoined the Federal Republic as the Saarland. German reunification in 1990, in which the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) ascended into the Federal Republic, re...
What states became Berlin in 1980?
{'text': 'West and East Berlin', 'answer_start': 568}
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An unconventional power succession system was established (rota system) whereby power was transferred to the eldest member of the ruling dynasty rather than from father to son, i.e. in most cases to the eldest brother of the ruler, fomenting constant hatred and rivalry within the royal family.[citation needed] Familici...
Who developed familicide?
{'text': 'Yaroslavichi', 'answer_start': 420}
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Classified as a Subtropical Mediterranean climate (Köppen Csb), Santa Monica enjoys an average of 310 days of sunshine a year. It is located in USDA plant hardiness zone 11a. Because of its location, nestled on the vast and open Santa Monica Bay, morning fog is a common phenomenon in May, June and early July (caused by...
What's the average temperature during the summer at night in Santa Monica?
{'text': '10 degrees Fahrenheit', 'answer_start': 1055}
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Ultimately, the New Orthophonic curve was disclosed in a publication by R.C. Moyer of RCA Victor in 1953. He traced RCA Victor characteristics back to the Western Electric "rubber line" recorder in 1925 up to the early 1950s laying claim to long-held recording practices and reasons for major changes in the intervening ...
How far back could these recording practices be traced?
{'text': '1925', 'answer_start': 198}
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Allied submarines did not adopt a defensive posture and wait for the enemy to attack. Within hours after the Pearl Harbor attack, in retribution against Japan, Roosevelt promulgated a new doctrine: unrestricted submarine warfare against Japan. This meant sinking any warship, commercial vessel, or passenger ship in Axis...
When was the first Japanese warship sunk by a submarine?
{'text': '24 December 1941', 'answer_start': 831}
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Germany's strong ties with Israel include cooperation on scientific and educational endeavors and the two states remain strong economic and military partners. Under the reparations agreement, by 2007[update] Germany had paid 25 billion euros in reparations to the Israeli state and individual Israeli Holocaust survivors...
What aims at bringing EU and its neighbours closer?
{'text': 'European Neighbourhood Policy', 'answer_start': 735}
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Translation is a major obstacle when comparing different cultures. Many English terms lack equivalents in other languages, while concepts and words from other languages fail to be reflected in the English language. Translation and vocabulary obstacles are not limited to the English language. Language can force individu...
What can be used to signal sexual idenitys to others?
{'text': 'Language', 'answer_start': 419}
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Israel has a school life expectancy of 15.5 years and a literacy rate of 97.1% according to the United Nations. The State Education Law, passed in 1953, established five types of schools: state secular, state religious, ultra orthodox, communal settlement schools, and Arab schools. The public secular is the largest sch...
What is the school expectancy in Israel?
{'text': '15.5 years', 'answer_start': 39}
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On 30 November 1934, he was appointed Apostolic Delegate to Turkey and Greece and titular archbishop of Mesembria, Bulgaria. Thus, he is known as "the Turcophile Pope," by the Turkish society which is predominantly Muslim. Roncalli took up this post in 1935 and used his office to help the Jewish underground in saving t...
What ws he known by in the Turkish community?
{'text': 'the Turcophile Pope', 'answer_start': 147}
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In a famous paper of 1936 with Garrett Birkhoff, the first work ever to introduce quantum logics, von Neumann and Birkhoff first proved that quantum mechanics requires a propositional calculus substantially different from all classical logics and rigorously isolated a new algebraic structure for quantum logics. The con...
With whom did von Neuman work on a paper in 1936 that introduce quantum logic?
{'text': 'Garrett Birkhoff', 'answer_start': 31}
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The nature and definition of matter - like other key concepts in science and philosophy - have occasioned much debate. Is there a single kind of matter (hyle) which everything is made of, or multiple kinds? Is matter a continuous substance capable of expressing multiple forms (hylomorphism), or a number of discrete, un...
What is the opposite of atomism?
{'text': 'hyle', 'answer_start': 153}
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Nanjing has some of the oldest and finest museums in China. Nanjing Museum, formerly known as National Central Museum during ROC period, is the first modern museum and remains as one of the leading museums in China having 400,000 items in its permanent collection,. The museum is notable for enormous collections of Ming...
What collections are the Nanjing Museum famous for?
{'text': 'Ming and Qing imperial porcelain', 'answer_start': 316}
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To the north-east of the Somerset Levels, the Mendip Hills are moderately high limestone hills. The central and western Mendip Hills was designated an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty in 1972 and covers 198 km2 (76 sq mi). The main habitat on these hills is calcareous grassland, with some arable agriculture. To the s...
What lies to the east of the Mendip Hills?
{'text': 'Chew Valley', 'answer_start': 712}
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Internationally, the torch and its accompanying party traveled in a chartered Air China Airbus A330 (registered B-6075), painted in the red and yellow colors of the Olympic Games. Air China was chosen by the Beijing Committees of the Olympic Game as the designated Olympic torch carrier in March 2008 for its long-standi...
What colors was the aircraft painted?
{'text': 'red and yellow', 'answer_start': 136}
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The record transfer fee for a Premier League player has risen steadily over the lifetime of the competition. Prior to the start of the first Premier League season Alan Shearer became the first British player to command a transfer fee of more than £3 million. The record rose steadily in the Premier League's first few se...
What was the record breaking transfer fee in 1996?
{'text': 'Alan Shearer made a record breaking £15 million move to Newcastle United in 1996.', 'answer_start': 333}
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Education in Eritrea is officially compulsory between seven and 13 years of age. However, the education infrastructure is inadequate to meet current needs. Statistics vary at the elementary level, suggesting that between 65 and 70% of school-aged children attend primary school; Approximately 61% attend secondary school...
What ages are officially compulsary for education in Eritrea?
{'text': 'between seven and 13 years of age', 'answer_start': 46}
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Many bacterial species exist simply as single cells, others associate in characteristic patterns: Neisseria form diploids (pairs), Streptococcus form chains, and Staphylococcus group together in "bunch of grapes" clusters. Bacteria can also be elongated to form filaments, for example the Actinobacteria. Filamentous bac...
What is the usual form for Neiserria bacteria?
{'text': 'diploids (pairs)', 'answer_start': 113}
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The community of Casas Adobes is also on the Northwest Side, with the distinction of being Tucson's first suburb, established in the late 1940s. Casas Adobes is centered on the historic Casas Adobes Plaza (built in 1948). Casas Adobes is also home to Tohono Chul Park (a nature preserve) near the intersection of North O...
When was the Casas Adobes Plaza established?
{'text': '1948', 'answer_start': 215}
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Medieval thought experiments into the idea of a vacuum considered whether a vacuum was present, if only for an instant, between two flat plates when they were rapidly separated. There was much discussion of whether the air moved in quickly enough as the plates were separated, or, as Walter Burley postulated, whether a ...
What point of view regarding God became popular in the 14th century?
{'text': 'God could create a vacuum if he so wished', 'answer_start': 707}
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The final major aspect of identity formation is self-esteem. Self-esteem is defined as one's thoughts and feelings about one's self-concept and identity. Most theories on self-esteem state that there is a grand desire, across all genders and ages, to maintain, protect and enhance their self-esteem. Contrary to popular ...
What is the most important function of friendship?
{'text': 'having someone who can provide social and moral support', 'answer_start': 896}
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Aspirated consonants are not always followed by vowels or other voiced sounds. For example, in Eastern Armenian, aspiration is contrastive even word-finally, and aspirated consonants occur in consonant clusters. In Wahgi, consonants are aspirated only in final position.
In Eastern Armenian, aspirated consonants occur in what?
{'text': 'consonant clusters', 'answer_start': 192}
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In 2004, madaris were mainstreamed in 16 Regions nationwide, primarily in Muslim-majority areas in Mindanao under the auspices of the Department of Education (DepEd). The DepEd adopted Department Order No. 51, which instituted Arabic-language and Islamic Values instruction for Muslim children in state schools, and auth...
What law protects the teaching of Arabic and Islamic traditions in Mindanao?
{'text': 'Department Order No. 51', 'answer_start': 185}
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ASCII (i/ˈæski/ ASS-kee), abbreviated from American Standard Code for Information Interchange, is a character-encoding scheme (the IANA prefers the name US-ASCII). ASCII codes represent text in computers, communications equipment, and other devices that use text. Most modern character-encoding schemes are based on ASCI...
What does most communications equipment represent?
{'text': 'text in computers', 'answer_start': 186}
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Vernacular architecture became increasingly ornamental. House builders could use current architectural design in their work by combining features found in pattern books and architectural journals.
What type of design did these texts allow the builders to reject?
{'text': 'current architectural design', 'answer_start': 81}
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Nicknamed "The Walking City", Boston hosts more pedestrian commuters than do other comparably populated cities. Owing to factors such as the compactness of the city and large student population, 13 percent of the population commutes by foot, making it the highest percentage of pedestrian commuters in the country out of...
What percent of Boston's population commutes by walking?
{'text': '13 percent', 'answer_start': 195}
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The junction forward voltage is the voltage applied to the emitter–base junction of a BJT in order to make the base conduct a specified current. The current increases exponentially as the junction forward voltage is increased. The values given in the table are typical for a current of 1 mA (the same values apply to sem...
What are sensistors made of?
{'text': 'semiconductor', 'answer_start': 317}
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The older 78 format continued to be mass-produced alongside the newer formats using new materials until about 1960 in the U.S., and in a few countries, such as India (where some Beatles recordings were issued on 78), into the 1960s. For example, Columbia Records' last reissue of Frank Sinatra songs on 78 rpm records wa...
When did the 45 rpm gain popularity over the 78 rpm
{'text': '1950s', 'answer_start': 652}
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Madonna Louise Ciccone (/tʃɪˈkoʊni/; Italian: [tʃikˈkoːne]; born August 16, 1958) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, and businesswoman. She achieved popularity by pushing the boundaries of lyrical content in mainstream popular music and imagery in her music videos, which became a fixture on MTV. Madonna is kno...
Madonna became a fixture on which TV channel?
{'text': 'MTV', 'answer_start': 301}
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The 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay was run from March 24 until August 8, 2008, prior to the 2008 Summer Olympics, with the theme of "one world, one dream". Plans for the relay were announced on April 26, 2007, in Beijing, China. The relay, also called by the organizers as the "Journey of Harmony", lasted 129 days and...
When did the tradition of people carrying the Olympic torch before the Olympic games begin?
{'text': '1936 Summer Olympics.', 'answer_start': 457}
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From the 9th to 11th century, Armenian architecture underwent a revival under the patronage of the Bagratid Dynasty with a great deal of building done in the area of Lake Van, this included both traditional styles and new innovations. Ornately carved Armenian Khachkars were developed during this time. Many new cities a...
What dynasty ruled Armenia in the 10th century?
{'text': 'Bagratid Dynasty', 'answer_start': 99}
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It should be noted that although 6-month-olds can recall information over the short-term, they have difficulty recalling the temporal order of information. It is only by 9 months of age that infants can recall the actions of a two-step sequence in the correct temporal order - that is, recalling step 1 and then step 2. ...
What part of the brain is fully developed in infants which can cause the memory differences in ages?
{'text': 'the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the frontal components of the neural network are not fully developed', 'answer_start': 763}
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In several nations, rulers welcomed leaders of the Enlightenment at court and asked them to help design laws and programs to reform the system, typically to build stronger national states. These rulers are called "enlightened despots" by historians. They included Frederick the Great of Prussia, Catherine the Great of R...
Leaders of the Enlightenment that helped design laws and programs to reform the court system are called what by historians?
{'text': 'enlightened despots', 'answer_start': 214}
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The Obama administration began to reengage in Iraq with a series of airstrikes aimed at ISIS beginning on 10 August 2014. On 9 September 2014 President Obama said that he had the authority he needed to take action to destroy the militant group known as the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, citing the 2001 Authoriza...
When did Obama make a speech about ISIS on TV?
{'text': '10 September 2014', 'answer_start': 452}
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The U.S. Army black beret (having been permanently replaced with the patrol cap) is no longer worn with the new ACU for garrison duty. After years of complaints that it wasn't suited well for most work conditions, Army Chief of Staff General Martin Dempsey eliminated it for wear with the ACU in June 2011. Soldiers stil...
If a soldier is in a unit in jump status, what color beret do they wear?
{'text': 'maroon', 'answer_start': 429}
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The verbal system lacks a distinctive future tense (the present tense serves here) and features special forms to express an action performed by an undetermined subject (the "impersonal").
What does Estonian use to show actions performed by an determined subject?
{'text': 'special forms', 'answer_start': 96}
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A typical pommel horse exercise involves both single leg and double leg work. Single leg skills are generally found in the form of scissors, an element often done on the pommels. Double leg work however, is the main staple of this event. The gymnast swings both legs in a circular motion (clockwise or counterclockwise d...
What is it called when a gymnast cartwheels on a pommel horse?
{'text': 'scissors', 'answer_start': 131}
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By August, the KPA had pushed back the ROK Army and the Eighth United States Army to the vicinity of Pusan in southeast Korea. In their southward advance, the KPA purged the Republic of Korea's intelligentsia by killing civil servants and intellectuals. On 20 August, General MacArthur warned North Korean leader Kim Il-...
How did the KPA hurt the Republic of Korea's intellectual core?
{'text': 'by killing civil servants and intellectuals', 'answer_start': 209}
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Two days after "1984" aired, the Macintosh went on sale, and came bundled with two applications designed to show off its interface: MacWrite and MacPaint. It was first demonstrated by Steve Jobs in the first of his famous Mac keynote speeches, and though the Mac garnered an immediate, enthusiastic following, some label...
Why did many software developers choose not to redesign the Mac operating system and rewrite the programming code?
{'text': 'This was a time-consuming task', 'answer_start': 514}