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The modern Slavic peoples carry a variety of mitochondrial DNA haplogroups and Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups. Yet two paternal haplogroups predominate: R1a1a [M17] and I2a2a [L69.2=T/S163.2]. The frequency of Haplogroup R1a ranges from 63.39% in the Sorbs, through 56.4% in Poland, 54% in Ukraine, 52% in Russia, Belarus,...
What population is I2a2a the rarest in?
{'text': 'Herzegovina', 'answer_start': 387}
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Informal learning is one of three forms of learning defined by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Informal learning occurs in a variety of places, such as at home, work, and through daily interactions and shared relationships among members of society. For many learners this includes lang...
Who does not define informal learning?
{'text': 'Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development', 'answer_start': 67}
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For digital photo cameras ("digital still cameras"), an exposure index (EI) rating—commonly called ISO setting—is specified by the manufacturer such that the sRGB image files produced by the camera will have a lightness similar to what would be obtained with film of the same EI rating at the same exposure. The usual de...
What is an sRGB image file commonly called?
{'text': 'exposure index (EI) rating', 'answer_start': 56}
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The greatest mosaic work of the Palaeologan renaissance in art is the decoration of the Chora Church in Constantinople. Although the mosaics of the naos have not survived except three panels, the decoration of the exonarthex and the esonarthex constitute the most important full-scale mosaic cycle in Constantinople afte...
Who commissioned the mosaics at naos?
{'text': 'Theodore Metochites', 'answer_start': 389}
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The game pad controllers were more-or-less copied directly from the Game & Watch machines, although the Famicom design team originally wanted to use arcade-style joysticks, even taking apart ones from American game consoles to see how they worked. However, it was eventually decided that children might step on joysticks...
Where were the game pad controllers not copied from?
{'text': 'Game & Watch', 'answer_start': 410}
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Ongoing political tensions between Great Britain and the thirteen colonies reached a crisis in 1774 when the British placed the province of Massachusetts under martial law after the Patriots protested taxes they regarded as a violation of their constitutional rights as Englishmen. When shooting began at Lexington and C...
What were the first conflicts of the American Revolution?
{'text': 'Lexington and Concord', 'answer_start': 305}
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Race and ethnicity are considered separate and distinct identities, with Hispanic or Latino origin asked as a separate question. Thus, in addition to their race or races, all respondents are categorized by membership in one of two ethnic categories, which are "Hispanic or Latino" and "Not Hispanic or Latino". However, ...
In addition to Hispanic and Latino, what other ethnic category is included in the United States Census?
{'text': 'Not Hispanic or Latino', 'answer_start': 286}
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The UAP had been formed as a new conservative alliance in 1931, with Labor defector Joseph Lyons as its leader. The stance of Lyons and other Labor rebels against the more radical proposals of the Labor movement to deal the Great Depression had attracted the support of prominent Australian conservatives. With Australia...
What years did Billy Hughes serve as Prime Minister?
{'text': '1939 to 1941', 'answer_start': 824}
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On 5 July 2004, the BBC celebrated the fiftieth anniversary of its television news bulletins (although it had produced the Television Newsreel for several years before 1954). This event was marked by the release of a DVD, which showed highlights of the BBC's television coverage of significant events over the half-centu...
On what form of media was a retrospective of the BBC's news broadcasts released to commemorate its 50th anniversary?
{'text': 'DVD', 'answer_start': 217}
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The iconic department stores of New Zealand's three major centres are Smith & Caughey's (founded 1880), in New Zealand's most populous city, Auckland; Kirkcaldie & Stains (founded 1863) in the capital, Wellington; and Ballantynes (founded 1854) in New Zealand's second biggest city, Christchurch. These offer high-end an...
Where are H & J Smith stores atypically located?
{'text': 'Southland', 'answer_start': 443}
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Many solar photovoltaic power stations have been built, mainly in Europe. As of July 2012, the largest photovoltaic (PV) power plants in the world are the Agua Caliente Solar Project (USA, 247 MW), Charanka Solar Park (India, 214 MW), Golmud Solar Park (China, 200 MW), Perovo Solar Park (Russia 100 MW), Sarnia Photovol...
Where is Okhotnykovo State Park?
{'text': 'Russia', 'answer_start': 650}
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The campus is home to several museums containing exhibits from many different fields of study. BYU's Museum of Art, for example, is one of the largest and most attended art museums in the Mountain West. This Museum aids in academic pursuits of students at BYU via research and study of the artworks in its collection. Th...
How many photographs are in BYU's Museum of Peoples and Cultures?
{'text': '50,000', 'answer_start': 636}
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Honors and tributes flowed to Bell in increasing numbers as his most famous invention became ubiquitous and his personal fame grew. Bell received numerous honorary degrees from colleges and universities, to the point that the requests almost became burdensome. During his life he also received dozens of major awards, me...
When was the Bell Telephone Memorial constructed?
{'text': '1917', 'answer_start': 564}
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The European, American, and Japanese comics traditions have followed different paths. Europeans have seen their tradition as beginning with the Swiss Rodolphe Töpffer from as early as 1827 and Americans have seen the origin of theirs in Richard F. Outcault's 1890s newspaper strip The Yellow Kid, though many Americans h...
Who is best known for being the last comics creator in Europe?
{'text': 'Rodolphe Töpffer', 'answer_start': 150}
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Many cultures define the transition into adultlike sexuality by specific biological or social milestones in an adolescent's life. For example, menarche (the first menstrual period of a female), or semenarche (the first ejaculation of a male) are frequent sexual defining points for many cultures. In addition to biologic...
What word refers to the first ejactulation of a male?
{'text': 'semenarche', 'answer_start': 197}
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Despite efforts to revive Hebrew as the national language of the Jewish people, knowledge of the language is not commonly possessed by Jews worldwide and English has emerged as the lingua franca of the Jewish diaspora. Although many Jews once had sufficient knowledge of Hebrew to study the classic literature, and Jewis...
When was Hebrew last commonly used?
{'text': 'the early 20th century', 'answer_start': 390}
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The mantle is equivalent to 10 to 15 Earth masses and is rich in water, ammonia and methane. As is customary in planetary science, this mixture is referred to as icy even though it is a hot, dense fluid. This fluid, which has a high electrical conductivity, is sometimes called a water–ammonia ocean. The mantle may cons...
who suggested Neptunes mantle is solid carbon?
{'text': 'Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory', 'answer_start': 737}
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In Congregational and Presbyterian churches which profess a traditionally Calvinist or Reformed theology there are differing views regarding present-day continuation or cessation of the gifts (charismata) of the Spirit. Generally, however, Reformed charismatics distance themselves from renewal movements with tendencies...
Name the renewal movements which could be considered overemotional.
{'text': 'Word of Faith, Toronto Blessing, Brownsville Revival and Lakeland Revival', 'answer_start': 372}
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While these preparations were underway in the North, there were frequent clashes along the 38th parallel, especially at Kaesong and Ongjin, many initiated by the South. The Republic of Korea Army (ROK Army) was being trained by the U.S. Korean Military Advisory Group (KMAG). On the eve of war, KMAG's commander General ...
Who was the diplomat that visited Korea?
{'text': 'John Foster Dulles', 'answer_start': 579}
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RCA/Jive Label Group CEO Barry Weiss left the company in March 2011 to become the new CEO of Island Def Jam and Universal Republic, which were both part of Universal Music Group. Weiss had been the RCA/Jive Label Group CEO since 2008 and was head of Jive Records since 1991.
When did Barry Weiss become CEO of RCA/Jive?
{'text': '2008', 'answer_start': 229}
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Ashkenazi Jews represent the bulk of modern Jewry, with at least 70% of Jews worldwide (and up to 90% prior to World War II and the Holocaust). As a result of their emigration from Europe, Ashkenazim also represent the overwhelming majority of Jews in the New World continents, in countries such as the United States, Ca...
What group of Jews represent the bulk of modern Jewry?
{'text': 'Ashkenazi Jews', 'answer_start': 0}
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Like other neighborhoods in New York City, the South Bronx has no official boundaries. The name has been used to represent poverty in the Bronx and applied to progressively more northern places so that by the 2000s Fordham Road was often used as a northern limit. The Bronx River more consistently forms an eastern bound...
Which stadium is in the South Bronx?
{'text': 'Yankee Stadium', 'answer_start': 556}
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George VI's reign saw the acceleration of the dissolution of the British Empire. The Statute of Westminster 1931 had already acknowledged the evolution of the Dominions into separate sovereign states. The process of transformation from an empire to a voluntary association of independent states, known as the Commonwealt...
In what year did Clement Attlee become the minister?
{'text': '1947', 'answer_start': 480}
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The development of the Bronx is directly connected to its strategic location between New England and New York (Manhattan). Control over the bridges across the Harlem River plagued the period of British colonial rule. Kingsbridge, built in 1693 where Broadway reached the Spuyten Duyvil Creek, was a possession of Frederi...
When did farmers build a bridge over the Harlem River?
{'text': '1759', 'answer_start': 429}
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Shemaryahu Talmon, who summarized the amount of consensus and genetic relation to the Urtext of the Hebrew Bible, concluded that major divergences which intrinsically affect the sense are extremely rare. As far as the Hebrew Bible referenced by Old Testament is concerned, almost all of the textual variants are fairly i...
How many variants change the doctrine considerably?
{'text': 'almost all', 'answer_start': 273}
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At the time of its release, Twilight Princess was considered the greatest entry in the Zelda series by many critics, including writers for 1UP.com, Computer and Video Games, Electronic Gaming Monthly, Game Informer, GamesRadar, IGN, and The Washington Post. It received several Game of the Year awards, and was the most ...
Under which brand was Radar Princess for the Nintendo Wii published?
{'text': 'Nintendo Selects', 'answer_start': 405}
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The Nintendo Entertainment System (also abbreviated as NES) is an 8-bit home video game console that was developed and manufactured by Nintendo. It was initially released in Japan as the Family Computer (Japanese: ファミリーコンピュータ, Hepburn: Famirī Konpyūta?) (also known by the portmanteau abbreviation Famicom (ファミコン, Famiko...
What is the abbreviation of Mintendo Entertainment System?
{'text': 'NES', 'answer_start': 55}
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In buildings made of other materials, wood will still be found as a supporting material, especially in roof construction, in interior doors and their frames, and as exterior cladding.
Wood might be used to construct what exterior component of a building?
{'text': 'cladding', 'answer_start': 174}
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The earliest variant of the name that became Tennessee was recorded by Captain Juan Pardo, the Spanish explorer, when he and his men passed through an American Indian village named "Tanasqui" in 1567 while traveling inland from South Carolina. In the early 18th century, British traders encountered a Cherokee town named...
Who first recorded a territorial name in the region that resembles its current name Tennessee?
{'text': 'Captain Juan Pardo', 'answer_start': 71}
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Another misunderstanding is that, by her immaculate conception, Mary did not need a saviour. When defining the dogma in Ineffabilis Deus, Pope Pius IX explicitly affirmed that Mary was redeemed in a manner more sublime. He stated that Mary, rather than being cleansed after sin, was completely prevented from contracting...
Why did Mary not need a Savior?
{'text': 'her immaculate conception', 'answer_start': 37}
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A capacitor (originally known as a condenser) is a passive two-terminal electrical component used to store electrical energy temporarily in an electric field. The forms of practical capacitors vary widely, but all contain at least two electrical conductors (plates) separated by a dielectric (i.e. an insulator that can ...
What has three terminal electrical components?
{'text': 'A capacitor', 'answer_start': 0}
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Yale is organized into fourteen constituent schools: the original undergraduate college, the Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, and twelve professional schools. While the university is governed by the Yale Corporation, each school's faculty oversees its curriculum and degree programs. In addition to a central c...
How much is Yale's endowment worth?
{'text': '$25.6 billion', 'answer_start': 584}
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According to the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Uniform Crime Reports, in 2010 the Raleigh Police Department and other agencies in the city reported 1,740 incidents of violent crime and 12,995 incidents of property crime – far below both the national average and the North Carolina average. Of the violent crimes repo...
How many rapes were there in 2001?
{'text': '99', 'answer_start': 343}
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The Alma-Ata Protocol also addressed other issues, including UN membership. Notably, Russia was authorized to assume the Soviet Union's UN membership, including its permanent seat on the Security Council. The Soviet Ambassador to the UN delivered a letter signed by Russian President Yeltsin to the UN Secretary-General ...
What made Russia the successor state to the USSR?
{'text': 'Alma-Ata Protocol', 'answer_start': 381}
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The simplest method, used for small-scale production and often by hobbyists, is immersion etching, in which the board is submerged in etching solution such as ferric chloride. Compared with methods used for mass production, the etching time is long. Heat and agitation can be applied to the bath to speed the etching rat...
If you wanted to speed up the etching process, you could agitate the bath up or add what to it?
{'text': 'Heat', 'answer_start': 250}
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Meleager and the infantry supported the candidacy of Alexander's half-brother, Philip Arrhidaeus, while Perdiccas, the leading cavalry commander, supported waiting until the birth of Alexander's unborn child by Roxana. After the infantry stormed the palace of Babylon, a compromise was arranged – Arrhidaeus (as Philip I...
Who order the death of Meleager?
{'text': 'Perdiccas', 'answer_start': 562}
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The Commissionerate of Health and Family Welfare is responsible for planning, implementation and monitoring of all facilities related to health and preventive services. As of 2010[update]–11, the city had 50 government hospitals, 300 private and charity hospitals and 194 nursing homes providing around 12,000 hospital b...
How many nurses per 10,000 persons are there in Hyderabad?
{'text': '14 nurses', 'answer_start': 451}
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As the economy and the middle class expanded, there was an increasing number of amateur musicians. One manifestation of this involved women, who became more involved with music on a social level. Women were already engaged in professional roles as singers, and increased their presence in the amateur performers' scene, ...
A the economy and middle class expanded, what artistic profession had an increasing number of members?
{'text': 'musicians', 'answer_start': 88}
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The broad field of animal communication encompasses most of the issues in ethology. Animal communication can be defined as any behavior of one animal that affects the current or future behavior of another animal. The study of animal communication, called zoo semiotics (distinguishable from anthroposemiotics, the study ...
Zoo semiotics is the study of human what?
{'text': 'communication', 'answer_start': 329}
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The 5th Avenue Theatre, built in 1926, stages Broadway-style musical shows featuring both local talent and international stars. Seattle has "around 100" theatrical production companies and over two dozen live theatre venues, many of them associated with fringe theatre; Seattle is probably second only to New York for nu...
What Seattle theater was built in 1926?
{'text': '5th Avenue Theatre', 'answer_start': 4}
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Most web browsers can display a list of web pages that the user has bookmarked so that the user can quickly return to them. Bookmarks are also called "Favorites" in Internet Explorer. In addition, all major web browsers have some form of built-in web feed aggregator. In Firefox, web feeds are formatted as "live bookmar...
The top browsers have a built-in what?
{'text': 'feed aggregator', 'answer_start': 251}
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In the Byzantine Rite of the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Eastern Catholic Churches, the music performed in the liturgies is exclusively sung without instrumental accompaniment. Bishop Kallistos Ware says, "The service is sung, even though there may be no choir... In the Orthodox Church today, as in the early Church...
What was a copy of Venetian a cappella?
{'text': 'khorovïye kontsertï', 'answer_start': 668}
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In India the majority of these schools follow the Hanafi school of thought. The religious establishment forms part of the mainly two large divisions within the country, namely the Deobandis, who dominate in numbers (of whom the Darul Uloom Deoband constitutes one of the biggest madaris) and the Barelvis, who also make ...
What group makes up a larger percentage of people in India?
{'text': 'Deobandis', 'answer_start': 180}
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Since Elizabeth rarely gives interviews, little is known of her personal feelings. As a constitutional monarch, she has not expressed her own political opinions in a public forum. She does have a deep sense of religious and civic duty, and takes her coronation oath seriously. Aside from her official religious role as S...
What has she talked about with Pope John Paul II?
{'text': 'theological significance of the millennium marking the 2000th anniversary of the birth of Jesus', 'answer_start': 789}
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To create green sparks, fireworks use barium salts, such as barium chlorate, barium nitrate crystals, or barium chloride, also used for green fireplace logs. Copper salts typically burn blue, but cupric chloride (also known as "campfire blue") can also produce green flames. Green pyrotechnic flares can use a mix ratio ...
Which copper salt can produce green glames?
{'text': 'cupric chloride', 'answer_start': 196}
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A source of definition difficulty in relativity arises from two definitions of mass in common use, one of which is formally equivalent to total energy (and is thus observer dependent), and the other of which is referred to as rest mass or invariant mass and is independent of the observer. Only "rest mass" is loosely eq...
What is invariant mass equivalent to?
{'text': 'matter', 'answer_start': 331}
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In the CFL, if the game is tied at the end of regulation play, then each team is given an equal number of chances to break the tie. A coin toss is held to determine which team will take possession first; the first team scrimmages the ball at the opponent's 35-yard line and advances through a series of downs until it sc...
Which round of tie-breaking is the last possible round in a regular season CFL game?
{'text': 'second', 'answer_start': 776}
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Conventionally, Iranian languages are grouped in "western" and "eastern" branches. These terms have little meaning with respect to Old Avestan as that stage of the language may predate the settling of the Iranian peoples into western and eastern groups. The geographic terms also have little meaning when applied to Youn...
What language is associated with the Western branch of old Persian?
{'text': 'Iranian', 'answer_start': 16}
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During the early 20th century, northerners were attracted to the city, and Miami prospered during the 1920s with an increase in population and infrastructure. The legacy of Jim Crow was embedded in these developments. Miami's chief of police, H. Leslie Quigg, did not hide the fact that he, like many other white Miami p...
What was the occupation of the African-American man killed by Quigg?
{'text': 'bellboy', 'answer_start': 511}
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In January 1920, Tito and his wife made a long and difficult journey home to Yugoslavia where he arrived in September. Upon his return, Broz joined the Communist Party of Yugoslavia. The CPY's influence on the political life of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was growing rapidly. In the 1920 elections the Communists won 59 s...
Who was elected mayor of Zagreb after the Communists won 59 parliamentary seats?
{'text': 'Svetozar Delić', 'answer_start': 487}
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Agriculture and horticulture seek to optimize the capture of solar energy in order to optimize the productivity of plants. Techniques such as timed planting cycles, tailored row orientation, staggered heights between rows and the mixing of plant varieties can improve crop yields. While sunlight is generally considered ...
During the Little Ice Age, what did English and French farmers use to increase collection of solar energy?
{'text': 'fruit walls', 'answer_start': 506}
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The Northern Mariana Islands had become a Japanese protectorate before the war. It was the Chamorros from the Northern Marianas who were brought to Guam to serve as interpreters and in other capacities for the occupying Japanese force. The Guamanian Chamorros were treated as an occupied enemy by the Japanese military. ...
Who were loyal to Japan?
{'text': 'Northern Mariana Chamorros', 'answer_start': 586}
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Photo CD is a system designed by Kodak for digitizing and storing photos on a CD. Launched in 1992, the discs were designed to hold nearly 100 high-quality images, scanned prints and slides using special proprietary encoding. Photo CDs are defined in the Beige Book and conform to the CD-ROM XA and CD-i Bridge specifica...
When were Photo CDs initially released?
{'text': '1992', 'answer_start': 94}
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Emigrants from Siberia that walked across the Bering land bridge into North America may have had dogs in their company, and one writer suggests that the use of sled dogs may have been critical to the success of the waves that entered North America roughly 12,000 years ago, although the earliest archaeological evidence ...
How old are the oldest findings of dogs in North America?
{'text': '9,400 years', 'answer_start': 373}
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The region, as part of Lorraine, was part of the Holy Roman Empire, and then was gradually annexed by France in the 17th century, and formalized as one of the provinces of France. The Calvinist manufacturing republic of Mulhouse, known as Stadtrepublik Mülhausen, became a part of Alsace after a vote by its citizens on ...
What years did Germany hold possession over Lorrain-Alscace?
{'text': '1871–1918', 'answer_start': 549}
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Victoria was pleased when Gladstone resigned in 1885 after his budget was defeated. She thought his government was "the worst I have ever had", and blamed him for the death of General Gordon at Khartoum. Gladstone was replaced by Lord Salisbury. Salisbury's government only lasted a few months, however, and Victoria was...
What man was Gladstone blamed for after his death at Khartoum?
{'text': 'General Gordon', 'answer_start': 176}
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For decades, the U.S. federal government strenuously tried to force Puerto Ricans to adopt English, to the extent of making them use English as the primary language of instruction in their high schools. It was completely unsuccessful, and retreated from that policy in 1948. Puerto Rico was able to maintain its Spanish ...
Was English in Puerto Rico successful?
{'text': 'It was completely unsuccessful,', 'answer_start': 203}
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Eduardo Bonilla-Silva, Sociology professor at Duke University, remarks, "I contend that racism is, more than anything else, a matter of group power; it is about a dominant racial group (whites) striving to maintain its systemic advantages and minorities fighting to subvert the racial status quo." The types of practice...
Where is Eduardo Bonilla-Silver a Sociology professor?
{'text': 'Duke University', 'answer_start': 46}
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The College's endowment is sub-divided into three distinct portfolios: (i) Unitised Scheme – a unit trust vehicle for College, Faculties and Departments to invest endowments and unfettered income to produce returns for the long term; (ii) Non-Core Property – a portfolio containing around 120 operational and development...
How many nonoperational and development properties were in the portfolio?
{'text': '120', 'answer_start': 289}
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The British, for their part, lacked both a unified command and a clear strategy for winning. With the use of the Royal Navy, the British were able to capture coastal cities, but control of the countryside eluded them. A British sortie from Canada in 1777 ended with the disastrous surrender of a British army at Saratoga...
What Prussian expatriate helped train the Continental army?
{'text': 'General von Steuben', 'answer_start': 349}
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The pronounced divergence between literary and colloquial pronunciations found in Hokkien dialects is attributed to the presence of several strata in the Min lexicon. The earliest, colloquial stratum is traced to the Han dynasty (206 BCE - 220 CE); the second colloquial one comes from the period of the Southern and Nor...
When was the Han Dynasty?
{'text': '206 BCE - 220 CE', 'answer_start': 230}
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Hayek never produced the book-length treatment of "the dynamics of capital" that he had promised in the Pure Theory of Capital. After 1941, he continued to publish works on the economics of information, political philosophy, the theory of law, and psychology, but seldom on macroeconomics. At the University of Chicago, ...
What topic did Hayek never write a book about as he said he would?
{'text': 'the dynamics of capital', 'answer_start': 51}
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Video output connections varied from one model of the console to the next. The original HVC-001 model of the Family Computer featured only radio frequency (RF) modulator output. When the console was released in North America and Europe, support for composite video through RCA connectors was added in addition to the RF ...
The HVC-101 lost the RF and adopted which input for use in North America and Europe?
{'text': 'composite video', 'answer_start': 249}
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Melbourne is experiencing high population growth, generating high demand for housing. This housing boom has increased house prices and rents, as well as the availability of all types of housing. Subdivision regularly occurs in the outer areas of Melbourne, with numerous developers offering house and land packages. Howe...
Which of Melbourne's suburbs have seen significant brownfields redevelopment in recent years?
{'text': 'middle and outer-ring', 'answer_start': 515}
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The most pelagic species, mainly in the 'tubenose' order Procellariiformes, are great wanderers, and the albatrosses of the southern oceans may circle the globe as they ride the "roaring forties" outside the breeding season. The tubenoses spread widely over large areas of open ocean, but congregate when food becomes av...
How far did a Manx shearwater fly over it's lifespan?
{'text': '8 million km', 'answer_start': 766}
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Other important Venetian mosaics can be found in the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta in Torcello from the 12th century, and in the Basilical of Santi Maria e Donato in Murano with a restored apse mosaic from the 12th century and a beautiful mosaic pavement (1140). The apse of the San Cipriano Church in Murano was deco...
Who purchased the 13th century mosaic from the the San Cipriano Church?
{'text': 'Frederick William IV of Prussia', 'answer_start': 558}
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Following a custom she maintained throughout her widowhood, Victoria spent the Christmas of 1900 at Osborne House on the Isle of Wight. Rheumatism in her legs had rendered her lame, and her eyesight was clouded by cataracts. Through early January, she felt "weak and unwell", and by mid-January she was "drowsy ... dazed...
Why was Victorias eyesight unclouded?
{'text': 'cataracts', 'answer_start': 214}
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In contrast to this viewpoint, an article and associated editorial in the New England Journal of Medicine in May 2015 emphasized the importance of pharmaceutical industry-physician interactions for the development of novel treatments, and argued that moral outrage over industry malfeasance had unjustifiably led many to...
Who were some of the companies that encouraged the interactions between doctors and the pharmaceutical industry?
{'text': 'World Economic Forum, the Gates Foundation, the Wellcome Trust, and the Food and Drug Administration', 'answer_start': 612}
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In May 2015, a coalition of more than 60 Asian-American organizations filed federal complaints with the Education and Justice Departments against Harvard University. The coalition asked for a civil rights investigation into what they described as Harvard's discriminatory admission practices against Asian-American appli...
Who was not the target of the filing?
{'text': 'Harvard University', 'answer_start': 146}
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While hardware may be a source of insecurity, such as with microchip vulnerabilities maliciously introduced during the manufacturing process, hardware-based or assisted computer security also offers an alternative to software-only computer security. Using devices and methods such as dongles, trusted platform modules, i...
What physical device is used as a passkey for your computer?
{'text': 'dongles', 'answer_start': 284}
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In September 1975, Gaddafi purged the army, arresting around 200 senior officers, and in October he founded the clandestine Office for the Security of the Revolution. In 1976, student demonstrations broke out in Tripoli and Benghazi, and were attacked by police and Gaddafist students. The RCC responded with mass arrest...
How many senior officers were expelled fro the army in 1975?
{'text': '200', 'answer_start': 61}
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Universal owned the rights to the "Oswald the Lucky Rabbit" character, although Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks had created Oswald, and their films had enjoyed a successful theatrical run. After Charles Mintz had unsuccessfully demanded that Disney accept a lower fee for producing the property, Mintz produced the films with ...
Who owned the rights to Oswald?
{'text': 'Universal', 'answer_start': 0}
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During the Gorbachev era of the 1980s, with the reforms of Glasnost and Perestroika, Armenians began to demand better environmental care for their country, opposing the pollution that Soviet-built factories brought. Tensions also developed between Soviet Azerbaijan and its autonomous district of Nagorno-Karabakh, a maj...
How man Armenians resided in Azerbaijan in 1970?
{'text': '484,000', 'answer_start': 390}
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However, leeches and their closest relatives have a body structure that is very uniform within the group but significantly different from that of other annelids, including other members of the Clitellata. In leeches there are no septa, the connective tissue layer of the body wall is so thick that it occupies much of th...
What type of annelids are very identical to others?
{'text': 'leeches and their closest relatives', 'answer_start': 9}
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The Cork area has seen improvements in road infrastructure in recent years. For example, the Cork South Link dual carriageway was built in the early 1980s, to link the Kinsale Road roundabout with the city centre. Shortly afterwards, the first sections of the South Ring dual carriageway were opened. Work continued thro...
What improvement was made to N20 Blackpool bypass to make it safer?
{'text': 'pedestrian focus', 'answer_start': 940}
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The first season of American Idol debuted as a summer replacement show in June 2002 on the Fox network. It was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman.
What network did American Idol debut on?
{'text': 'Fox', 'answer_start': 91}
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Environmental anthropology is a sub-specialty within the field of anthropology that takes an active role in examining the relationships between humans and their environment across space and time. The contemporary perspective of environmental anthropology, and arguably at least the backdrop, if not the focus of most of ...
The data interpretation of environmental anthropology can be used to prevent what type of exploitation?
{'text': 'corporate', 'answer_start': 639}
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To minimize overall weight and size, miniature PM motors may use high energy magnets made with neodymium or other strategic elements; most such are neodymium-iron-boron alloy. With their higher flux density, electric machines with high-energy PMs are at least competitive with all optimally designed singly-fed synchrono...
What are high energy magnets never made of?
{'text': 'neodymium-iron-boron alloy', 'answer_start': 148}
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Corruption is not specific to poor, developing, or transition countries. In western countries, cases of bribery and other forms of corruption in all possible fields exist: under-the-table payments made to reputed surgeons by patients attempting to be on top of the list of forthcoming surgeries, bribes paid by suppliers...
Along with institutions, this type of corruption can discredit what?
{'text': 'social relationships', 'answer_start': 1056}
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Nunzia Rondanini stated, "Through its aesthetic dimension architecture goes beyond the functional aspects that it has in common with other human sciences. Through its own particular way of expressing values, architecture can stimulate and influence social life without presuming that, in and of itself, it will promote s...
Who said that architecture was able extend beyond function?
{'text': 'Nunzia Rondanini', 'answer_start': 0}
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The Chihuahuan Desert is home to a diverse ecosystem which is home to a large variety of mammals. The most common mammals in the desert include: Desert cottontail Sylvilagus audubonii, black-tailed jackrabbit Lepus californicus, hooded skunk Mephitis macroura, cactus mouse Peromyscus eremicus, swift fox Vulpes velox, w...
The Chihuahuan Desert is home to many of which type of animal?
{'text': 'mammals', 'answer_start': 89}
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In July 1215, with the approbation of Bishop Foulques of Toulouse, Dominic ordered his followers into an institutional life. Its purpose was revolutionary in the pastoral ministry of the Catholic Church. These priests were organized and well trained in religious studies. Dominic needed a framework—a rule—to organize th...
Who was the successor to Dominic?
{'text': 'Jordan of Saxony', 'answer_start': 443}
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Imperial acquired Silwood Park in 1947, to provide a site for research and teaching in those aspects of biology not well suited for the main London campus. Felix, Imperial's student newspaper, was launched on 9 December 1949. On 29 January 1950, the government announced that it was intended that Imperial should expand ...
What was the name of Imperials staff news paper?
{'text': 'Felix', 'answer_start': 156}
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Within the City of Westminster in London the entertainment district of the West End has its focus around Leicester Square, where London and world film premieres are held, and Piccadilly Circus, with its giant electronic advertisements. London's theatre district is here, as are many cinemas, bars, clubs and restaurants,...
London's Chinatown district is located in what area?
{'text': 'Soho', 'answer_start': 365}
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However, the army was hopeless in battle against the western forces, particularly against the young Mahmud of Ghazni. In the year 1001, soon after Sultan Mahmud came to power and was occupied with the Qarakhanids north of the Hindu Kush, Jaipal attacked Ghazni once more and upon suffering yet another defeat by the powe...
What was Jaipal action after his last defeat?
{'text': 'committed suicide', 'answer_start': 403}
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The most common, and most purely linguistic, criterion is that of mutual intelligibility: two varieties are said to be dialects of the same language if being a speaker of one variety confers sufficient knowledge to understand and be understood by a speaker of the other; otherwise, they are said to be different language...
What trait is the most common way of determining if languages are dialects?
{'text': 'mutual intelligibility', 'answer_start': 66}
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HDTV can be recorded to D-VHS (Digital-VHS or Data-VHS), W-VHS (analog only), to an HDTV-capable digital video recorder (for example DirecTV's high-definition Digital video recorder, Sky HD's set-top box, Dish Network's VIP 622 or VIP 722 high-definition Digital video recorder receivers, or TiVo's Series 3 or HD record...
Sky HD's set-top box, TiVo's Series 3, and Dish Network's VIP 622 are examples of what?
{'text': 'an HDTV-capable digital video recorder', 'answer_start': 81}
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In May 2007, YouTube launched its Partner Program, a system based on AdSense which allows the uploader of the video to share the revenue produced by advertising on the site. YouTube typically takes 45 percent of the advertising revenue from videos in the Partner Program, with 55 percent going to the uploader. There are...
How many members were in the YouTube Partner Program according to TubeMogul in 2007?
{'text': 'over a million members', 'answer_start': 321}
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On New Year's Day in 1930, von Neumann married Mariette Kövesi, who had studied economics at the Budapest University. Before his marriage he was baptized a Catholic. Max had died in 1929. None of the family had converted to Christianity while he was alive, but afterwards they all did. They had one child, a daughter, Ma...
When did Von Neumann get married for a second time?
{'text': 'October 1938', 'answer_start': 471}
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Just over a quarter of the jobs available in the city are in the health and education sector. A further 19 per cent are property and other business and the third largest sector is wholesale and retail, which accounts for 16.2 percent. Between 1995 and 2004, the number of jobs in Southampton has increased by 18.5 per ce...
What's the third largest sector providing jobs in Southampton?
{'text': 'wholesale and retail', 'answer_start': 180}
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On the other hand, in his study on nine of "the Bibles most widely in use in the English-speaking world", Bible scholar Jason BeDuhn, Professor of Religious Studies at the Northern Arizona University, wrote: “The NW [New World Translation] emerges as the most accurate of the translations compared.” Although the general...
Which Bible doesn't insert Jehovah too often as the word for God?
{'text': 'New World Translation', 'answer_start': 217}
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In the 1950s, the Ethiopian feudal administration under Emperor Haile Selassie sought to annex Eritrea and Italian Somaliland. He laid claim to both territories in a letter to Franklin D. Roosevelt at the Paris Peace Conference and at the First Session of the United Nations. In the United Nations, the debate over the f...
Who consistently requested that a referendum be held immediately to settle the question of Eritrean sovereignty?
{'text': 'The Independence Bloc of Eritrean parties', 'answer_start': 522}
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Copper-alloy touch surfaces have natural intrinsic properties to destroy a wide range of microorganisms (e.g., E. coli O157:H7, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Staphylococcus, Clostridium difficile, influenza A virus, adenovirus, and fungi). Some 355 copper alloys were proven to kill more than 99.9%...
How many copper alloys has the EPA banned as antimicrobial materials?
{'text': '355', 'answer_start': 267}
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In 1952 researchers at Ciba discovered the first orally available vasodilator, hydralazine. A major shortcoming of hydralazine monotherapy was that it lost its effectiveness over time (tachyphylaxis). In the mid-1950s Karl H. Beyer, James M. Sprague, John E. Baer, and Frederick C. Novello of Merck and Co. discovered an...
What was the name of the first oral vasodilator?
{'text': 'hydralazine', 'answer_start': 79}
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The Republic of the Congo received full independence from France on August 15, 1960. Fulbert Youlou ruled as the country's first president until labour elements and rival political parties instigated a three-day uprising that ousted him. The Congolese military took charge of the country briefly and installed a civilian...
When did the Congo lose independence from colonial rule?
{'text': 'August 15, 1960', 'answer_start': 68}
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The FBI is near-impenetrable, with applicants intensely scrutinized and assessed over an extended period. To apply to become an FBI agent, one must be between the ages of 23 and 37. Due to the decision in Robert P. Isabella v. Department of State and Office of Personnel Management, 2008 M.S.P.B. 146, preference-eligibl...
What can someone under the age of 23 apply to become?
{'text': 'FBI agent', 'answer_start': 128}
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Records of bird migration were made as much as 3,000 years ago by the Ancient Greek writers Hesiod, Homer, Herodotus and Aristotle. The Bible also notes migrations, as in the Book of Job (39:26), where the inquiry is made: "Is it by your insight that the hawk hovers, spreads its wings southward?" The author of Jeremiah...
Where in the bible does it mention migration?
{'text': 'the Book of Job (39:26)', 'answer_start': 171}
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With the release of 16:9 televisions in the mid-1990s, Pioneer and Toshiba decided that it was time to take advantage of this aspect ratio. Squeeze LDs were enhanced 16:9-ratio widescreen LaserDiscs. During the video transfer stage, the movie was stored in an anamorphic "squeezed" format. The widescreen movie image was...
What percent vertical resolution increase did Squeeze LDs feature over regular widescreen LDs?
{'text': '33%', 'answer_start': 457}
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In May 2008 Microsoft announced that 10 million Xbox 360s had been sold and that it was the "first current generation gaming console" to surpass the 10 million figure in the US. In the US, the Xbox 360 was the leader in current-generation home console sales until June 2008, when it was surpassed by the Wii. The Xbox 36...
During what 32-month later period was the 360 the best selling console?
{'text': 'January 2011 and October 2013', 'answer_start': 396}
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Surveys show that red is the color most associated with courage. In western countries red is a symbol of martyrs and sacrifice, particularly because of its association with blood. Beginning in the Middle Ages, the Pope and Cardinals of the Roman Catholic Church wore red to symbolize the blood of Christ and the Christia...
What was the banner of the Catholic soldiers in the First Crusade?
{'text': 'red cross on a white field', 'answer_start': 395}