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Jews also spread across Europe during the period. Communities were established in Germany and England in the 11th and 12th centuries, but Spanish Jews, long settled in Spain under the Muslims, came under Christian rule and increasing pressure to convert to Christianity. Most Jews were confined to the cities, as they we...
In what type of settlement did most Jews live?
{'text': 'cities', 'answer_start': 302}
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Armenia is member of Collective Security Treaty Organisation (CSTO) along with Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. It participates in NATO's Partnership for Peace (PiP) program and is in a NATO organisation called Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC). Armenia has engaged in a peaceke...
What does EAPC stand for?
{'text': 'Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council', 'answer_start': 246}
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Kevin Saunderson's company KMS Records contributed many releases that were as much house music as they were techno. These tracks were well received in Chicago and played on Chicago radio and in clubs.[citation needed] Blake Baxter's 1986 recording, "When we Used to Play / Work your Body", 1987's "Bounce Your Body to th...
what was the 1989 hit theme released by KMS?
{'text': '"Rock to the Beat"', 'answer_start': 873}
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After the Civil War began, Governor Zebulon Baird Vance ordered the construction of breastworks around the city as protection from Union troops. During General Sherman's Carolinas Campaign, Raleigh was captured by Union cavalry under the command of General Hugh Judson Kilpatrick on April 13, 1865. As the Confederate ca...
Why did the city not grow during the Civil War?
{'text': 'a state economy based on agriculture,', 'answer_start': 557}
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Defensive Counterair (DCA) is defined as "all the defensive measures designed to detect, identify, intercept, and destroy or negate enemy forces attempting to penetrate or attack through friendly airspace" (JP 1-02). A major goal of DCA operations, in concert with OCA operations, is to provide an area from which forces...
What does the abbreviation DCA stand for?
{'text': 'Defensive Counterair', 'answer_start': 0}
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Most copper is mined or extracted as copper sulfides from large open pit mines in porphyry copper deposits that contain 0.4 to 1.0% copper. Examples include Chuquicamata in Chile, Bingham Canyon Mine in Utah, United States and El Chino Mine in New Mexico, United States. According to the British Geological Survey, in 20...
What is the name of the process being considered in Arizona that allows copper to be recovered?
{'text': 'in-situ leach process', 'answer_start': 494}
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In 2006 and 2007, the world used approximately 2.4 megatonnes (5.3×109 lb) of pesticides, with herbicides constituting the biggest part of the world pesticide use at 40%, followed by insecticides (17%) and fungicides (10%). In 2006 and 2007 the U.S. used approximately 0.5 megatonnes (1.1×109 lb) of pesticides, accounti...
How many pesticide products are sold worldwide?
{'text': 'over 20,000', 'answer_start': 827}
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In the dense areas, most of the concentration is via medium- and high-rise buildings. London's skyscrapers such as 30 St Mary Axe, Tower 42, the Broadgate Tower and One Canada Square are mostly in the two financial districts, the City of London and Canary Wharf. High-rise development is restricted at certain sites if i...
What are the financial districts of London known as?
{'text': 'the City of London and Canary Wharf', 'answer_start': 226}
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Somalis (Somali: Soomaali, Arabic: صومال‎) are an ethnic group inhabiting the Horn of Africa (Somali Peninsula). The overwhelming majority of Somalis speak the Somali language, which is part of the Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic family. They are predominantly Sunni Muslim. Ethnic Somalis number around 16-20 millio...
What language family is Somali a part of?
{'text': 'Afro-Asiatic', 'answer_start': 221}
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During the 1988 presidential election, George H. W. Bush (Yale '48) derided Michael Dukakis for having "foreign-policy views born in Harvard Yard's boutique". When challenged on the distinction between Dukakis's Harvard connection and his own Yale background, he said that, unlike Harvard, Yale's reputation was "so diff...
Why was Howard Dean not proud of his graduating class?
{'text': 'first class to have women in it', 'answer_start': 688}
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In some languages, such as English, aspiration is allophonic. Stops are distinguished primarily by voicing, and voiceless stops are sometimes aspirated, while voiced stops are usually unaspirated.
What are sometimes allophonic?
{'text': 'voiceless stops', 'answer_start': 112}
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The United Kingdom and Ireland have separate media, although British television, newspapers and magazines are widely available in Ireland, giving people in Ireland a high level of familiarity with cultural matters in the United Kingdom. Irish newspapers are also available in the UK, and Irish state and private televisi...
The X Factor seasons 1, 2 and 3 held auditions where?
{'text': 'Dublin', 'answer_start': 522}
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Logically, no number of positive outcomes at the level of experimental testing can confirm a scientific theory, but a single counterexample is logically decisive: it shows the theory, from which the implication is derived, to be false. To say that a given statement (e.g., the statement of a law of some scientific theor...
What discouraged Popper from taking falsifiability as his criterion of demarcation between things that are scientific and not scientific?
{'text': 'logical asymmetry', 'answer_start': 543}
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Internationally, Victoria took a keen interest in the improvement of relations between France and Britain. She made and hosted several visits between the British royal family and the House of Orleans, who were related by marriage through the Coburgs. In 1843 and 1845, she and Albert stayed with King Louis Philippe I at...
When was Osborne house purchased?
{'text': '1845', 'answer_start': 941}
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Through Victoria's reign, the gradual establishment of a modern constitutional monarchy in Britain continued. Reforms of the voting system increased the power of the House of Commons at the expense of the House of Lords and the monarch. In 1867, Walter Bagehot wrote that the monarch only retained "the right to be consu...
What was Queen Victoria's reign considered?
{'text': 'modern constitutional monarchy', 'answer_start': 57}
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Toxocara canis (dog roundworm) eggs in dog feces can cause toxocariasis. In the United States, about 10,000 cases of Toxocara infection are reported in humans each year, and almost 14% of the U.S. population is infected. In Great Britain, 24% of soil samples taken from public parks contained T. canis eggs. Untreated to...
What percentage of people in America are infected with the Toxocara infection?
{'text': '14', 'answer_start': 181}
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A variety of games for the FDS were released by Nintendo (including some like Super Mario Bros. which had already been released on cartridge) and third party companies such as Konami and Taito. A few unlicensed titles were made as well. However, its limitations became quickly apparent as larger ROM chips were introduce...
How long did Atari service drives and offer replacement disks?
{'text': '2003', 'answer_start': 1057}
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Clothing protects against many things that might injure the uncovered human body. Clothes protect people from the elements, including rain, snow, wind, and other weather, as well as from the sun. However, clothing that is too sheer, thin, small, tight, etc., offers less protection. Clothes also reduce risk during activ...
What type of hazard is noxious chemicals?
{'text': 'environmental', 'answer_start': 386}
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There are also three Deputy Chiefs of the Defence Staff with particular remits, Deputy Chief of the Defence Staff (Capability), Deputy CDS (Personnel and Training) and Deputy CDS (Operations). The Surgeon General, represents the Defence Medical Services on the Defence Staff, and is the clinical head of that service.
What three groups are part of the Defence Medical Services?
{'text': 'Deputy Chief of the Defence Staff (Capability), Deputy CDS (Personnel and Training) and Deputy CDS (Operations)', 'answer_start': 80}
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The creation–evolution controversy in the United States raises the issue of whether creationistic ideas may be legitimately called science and whether evolution itself may be legitimately called science. In the debate, both sides and even courts in their decisions have frequently invoked Popper's criterion of falsifiab...
What kind of research program did Popper call Darwinism?
{'text': 'metaphysical', 'answer_start': 548}
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The elections of 2010 resulted in a victory for the military-backed Union Solidarity and Development Party. Various foreign observers questioned the fairness of the elections. One criticism of the election was that only government sanctioned political parties were allowed to contest in it and the popular National Leagu...
What was the Burmese official decision concerning the legitimacy of National League for Democracy in 2010 ?
{'text': 'the popular National League for Democracy was declared illegal', 'answer_start': 294}
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The Office of the Federal Register publishes the Federal Register, Code of Federal Regulations, and United States Statutes at Large, among others. It also administers the Electoral College.
Which office publishes the Code of Federal Regulations?
{'text': 'The Office of the Federal Register', 'answer_start': 0}
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More recently, films such as Das Boot (1981), The Never Ending Story (1984) Run Lola Run (1998), Das Experiment (2001), Good Bye Lenin! (2003), Gegen die Wand (Head-on) (2004) and Der Untergang (Downfall) (2004) have enjoyed international success. In 2002 the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film went to Carolin...
What did Carolina Link get an Acadamy award for in the 20th century?
{'text': 'Nowhere in Africa,', 'answer_start': 329}
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Despite its tropical wet and dry climate, extensive irrigation makes it a rich agricultural region. Its canal-irrigation system established by the British is the largest in the world. Wheat and cotton are the largest crops. Other crops include rice, sugarcane, millet, corn, oilseeds, pulses, vegetables, and fruits such...
Who did Punjab create an irrigation system for?
{'text': 'the British', 'answer_start': 143}
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Egypt has one of the oldest civilisations in the world. It has been in contact with many other civilisations and nations and has been through so many eras, starting from prehistoric age to the modern age, passing through so many ages such as; Pharonic, Roman, Greek, Islamic and many other ages. Because of this wide var...
What is the oldest era in Egypt?
{'text': 'prehistoric', 'answer_start': 170}
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Unicode includes a mechanism for modifying character shape that greatly extends the supported glyph repertoire. This covers the use of combining diacritical marks. They are inserted after the main character. Multiple combining diacritics may be stacked over the same character. Unicode also contains precomposed versions...
How is the latin small letter e represented in Unicode?
{'text': 'U+0065', 'answer_start': 597}
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Beyoncé embarked on The Mrs. Carter Show World Tour on April 15 in Belgrade, Serbia; the tour included 132 dates that ran through to March 2014. It became the most successful tour of her career and one of the most-successful tours of all time. In May, Beyoncé's cover of Amy Winehouse's "Back to Black" with André 3000 o...
How many dates did Beyonce's "The Mrs. Carter Show" entail?
{'text': '132', 'answer_start': 103}
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Three other efforts to improve regulation of international pesticide trade are the United Nations London Guidelines for the Exchange of Information on Chemicals in International Trade and the United Nations Codex Alimentarius Commission.[citation needed] The former seeks to implement procedures for ensuring that prior ...
Are these agencies a requirement in the countries where they exist?
{'text': 'initiatives operate on a voluntary basis', 'answer_start': 521}
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After setting up his workshop, Bell continued experiments based on Helmholtz's work with electricity and sound. He also modified a melodeon (a type of pump organ) so that it could transmit its music electrically over a distance. Once the family was settled in, both Bell and his father made plans to establish a teaching...
What did Bell rework to send music?
{'text': 'melodeon', 'answer_start': 131}
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The origins of al-Qaeda can be traced to the Soviet war in Afghanistan (December 1979 – February 1989). The United States, United Kingdom, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, and the People's Republic of China supported the Islamist Afghan mujahadeen guerillas against the military forces of the Soviet Union and the Democratic Repu...
What took place from February 1979 to December 1989?
{'text': 'Soviet war in Afghanistan', 'answer_start': 45}
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Aspiration has varying significance in different languages. It is either allophonic or phonemic, and may be analyzed as an underlying consonant cluster.
What two forms can aspiration be in?
{'text': 'allophonic or phonemic', 'answer_start': 73}
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Along with the rest of South West England, Somerset has a temperate climate which is generally wetter and milder than the rest of the country. The annual mean temperature is approximately 10 °C (50.0 °F). Seasonal temperature variation is less extreme than most of the United Kingdom because of the adjacent sea temperat...
What county in England is drier than the rest of the country?
{'text': 'Somerset', 'answer_start': 43}
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The Bulgarian Empire was in decline by the 14th century, and the ascendancy of Serbia was marked by the Serbian victory over the Bulgarians in the Battle of Velbazhd in 1330. By 1346, the Serbian king Stefan Dušan had been proclaimed emperor. Yet Serbian dominance was short-lived; the Serbian army led by the Lazar Hreb...
Which country wasn't conquered by the Ottomans in 1479?
{'text': 'Albania', 'answer_start': 669}
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Pesticides can be classified based upon their biological mechanism function or application method. Most pesticides work by poisoning pests. A systemic pesticide moves inside a plant following absorption by the plant. With insecticides and most fungicides, this movement is usually upward (through the xylem) and outward....
What is one way you could group pesticides?
{'text': 'application method', 'answer_start': 79}
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The civilians of London had an enormous role to play in the protection of their city. Many civilians who were unwilling or unable to join the military became members of the Home Guard, the Air Raid Precautions service (ARP), the Auxiliary Fire Service, and many other organisations. The AFS had 138,000 personnel by July...
The Auxiliary Fire Service had how many members in July of 1939?
{'text': '138,000', 'answer_start': 295}
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In presidential elections, Montana was long classified as a swing state, though the state has voted for the Republican candidate in all but two elections from 1952 to the present. The state last supported a Democrat for president in 1992, when Bill Clinton won a plurality victory. Overall, since 1889 the state has vote...
What year was the last Democrat for president supported?
{'text': '1992', 'answer_start': 233}
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Smyth, convinced that his self-baptism was invalid, applied with the Mennonites for membership. He died while waiting for membership, and some of his followers became Mennonites. Thomas Helwys and others kept their baptism and their Baptist commitments. The modern Baptist denomination is an outgrowth of Smyth's movemen...
Smyth was denied membership with who?
{'text': 'the Mennonites', 'answer_start': 65}
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Comprehensive schools were introduced into Ireland in 1966 by an initiative by Patrick Hillery, Minister for Education, to give a broader range of education compared to that of the vocational school system, which was then the only system of schools completely controlled by the state. Until then, education in Ireland wa...
When did Ireland first open comprehensive schools?
{'text': '1966', 'answer_start': 54}
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After Nasser died in November 1970, his successor, Anwar Sadat, suggested that rather than a unified state, they create a political federation, implemented in April 1971; in doing so, Egypt, Syria and Sudan got large grants of Libyan oil money. In February 1972, Gaddafi and Sadat signed an unofficial charter of merger,...
Who did Anwar Sadat succeed?
{'text': 'Nasser', 'answer_start': 6}
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A thriving market of unlicensed NES hardware clones emerged during the climax of the console's popularity. Initially, such clones were popular in markets where Nintendo never issued a legitimate version of the console. In particular, the Dendy (Russian: Де́нди), an unlicensed hardware clone produced in Taiwan and sold ...
What was the name of the SNES clone produced in Taiwan?
{'text': 'Dendy', 'answer_start': 238}
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Losing the First Sino-Japanese War of 1894–1895 was a watershed. Japan, a country long regarded by the Chinese as little more than an upstart nation of pirates, annihilated the Qing government's modernized Beiyang Fleet, then deemed to be the strongest naval force in Asia. The Japanese victory occurred a mere three dec...
What was the new modern army called?
{'text': 'the New Army', 'answer_start': 675}
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In 1863, the newly founded Football Association (the FA) published the Laws of the Game of Association Football, unifying the various different rules in use before then. On 20 July 1871, in the offices of The Sportsman newspaper, the FA Secretary C. W. Alcock proposed to the FA committee that "it is desirable that a Ch...
When was the modern cup established?
{'text': 'modern cup was beginning to be established by the 1888–89 season,', 'answer_start': 680}
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Helping his father in Visible Speech demonstrations and lectures brought Bell to Susanna E. Hull's private school for the deaf in South Kensington, London. His first two pupils were "deaf mute" girls who made remarkable progress under his tutelage. While his older brother seemed to achieve success on many fronts includ...
What city is Susanna E. Hull located in?
{'text': 'South Kensington', 'answer_start': 130}
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In fact, Whitehead describes any entity as in some sense nothing more and nothing less than the sum of its relations to other entities – its synthesis of and reaction to the world around it. A real thing is just that which forces the rest of the universe to in some way conform to it; that is to say, if theoretically a ...
If relations are not secondary to what a thing is, what is it?
{'text': 'they are what the thing is', 'answer_start': 507}
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Hirsch held the opinion that Judaism demands an application of Torah thought to the entire realm of human experience, including the secular disciplines. His approach was termed the Torah im Derech Eretz approach, or "neo-Orthodoxy". While insisting on strict adherence to Jewish beliefs and practices, he held that Jews ...
What was the Torah im Dereche Eretz aslo known as?
{'text': 'neo-Orthodoxy', 'answer_start': 217}
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In 2010, Executive Order 13526 created the National Declassification Center to coordinate declassification practices across agencies, provide secure document services to other agencies, and review records in NARA custody for declassification.
In what year was NARA created?
{'text': '2010', 'answer_start': 3}
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The Order is limited to 300 Knights and Dames Grand Cross, 845 Knights and Dames Commander, and 8,960 Commanders. There are no limits applied to the total number of members of the fourth and fifth classes, but no more than 858 Officers and 1,464 Members may be appointed per year. Foreign recipients, as honorary members...
How many commanders are in The Order?
{'text': '8,960', 'answer_start': 96}
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Asthma as a result of (or worsened by) workplace exposures, is a commonly reported occupational disease. Many cases however are not reported or recognized as such. It is estimated that 5–25% of asthma cases in adults are work–related. A few hundred different agents have been implicated with the most common being: isocy...
How many adult colophony cases are work-related?
{'text': '5–25%', 'answer_start': 185}
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Feynman diagrams are now fundamental for string theory and M-theory, and have even been extended topologically. The world-lines of the diagrams have developed to become tubes to allow better modeling of more complicated objects such as strings and membranes. Shortly before his death, Feynman criticized string theory in...
What kind of physics was Feynman least interested in?
{'text': 'particle physics', 'answer_start': 682}
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Menander Protector mentions a Daurentius (577–579) that slew an Avar envoy of Khagan Bayan I. The Avars asked the Slavs to accept the suzerainty of the Avars, he however declined and is reported as saying: "Others do not conquer our land, we conquer theirs – so it shall always be for us".
What kind of envoy did Khagan Bayan I destroy?
{'text': 'Avar', 'answer_start': 64}
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In November 2005, the Polish government opened its Warsaw Treaty archives to the Institute of National Remembrance, who published some 1,300 declassified documents in January 2006. Yet the Polish government reserved publication of 100 documents, pending their military declassification. Eventually, 30 of the reserved 10...
Who reserved publication of 1000 documents?
{'text': 'Polish government', 'answer_start': 189}
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The Kerry Committee report found that "the Contra drug links included..... payments to drug traffickers by the U.S. State Department of funds authorized by the Congress for humanitarian assistance to the Contras, in some cases after the traffickers had been indicted by federal law enforcement agencies on drug charges, ...
Where had the money given to drug traffickers come from?
{'text': 'funds authorized by the Congress for humanitarian assistance to the Contras', 'answer_start': 136}
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By the Middle Ages, large numbers of Jews lived in the Holy Roman Empire and had assimilated into German culture, including many Jews who had previously assimilated into French culture and had spoken a mixed Judeo-French language. Upon assimilating into German culture, the Jewish German peoples incorporated major parts...
Who migrated to Germany during the Crusades?
{'text': 'Jews', 'answer_start': 531}
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The early currency of the United States did not exhibit faces of presidents, as is the custom now; although today, by law, only the portrait of a deceased individual may appear on United States currency. In fact, the newly formed government was against having portraits of leaders on the currency, a practice compared to...
What condition does a person have to meet to be allowed by law on a coin?
{'text': 'deceased', 'answer_start': 146}
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The largest plaza in Valencia is the Plaza del Ayuntamiento; it is home to the City Hall (Ayuntamiento) on its western side and the central post office (Edificio de Correos) on its eastern side, a cinema that shows classic movies, and many restaurants and bars. The plaza is triangular in shape, with a large cement lot ...
What is on the eastern side of Valencia's largest plaza?
{'text': 'the central post office', 'answer_start': 128}
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On the exterior, the verticality is emphasised in a major way by the towers and spires and in a lesser way by strongly projecting vertical buttresses, by narrow half-columns called attached shafts which often pass through several storeys of the building, by long narrow windows, vertical mouldings around doors and figur...
What is another design element of Gothic construction that is often terminated by small pinnacles?
{'text': 'gable ends', 'answer_start': 405}
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The fourth a cappella musical to appear Off-Broadway, In Transit, premiered 5 October 2010 and was produced by Primary Stages with book, music, and lyrics by Kristen Anderson-Lopez, James-Allen Ford, Russ Kaplan, and Sara Wordsworth. Set primarily in the New York City subway system its score features an eclectic mix of...
What role is set in the NY subway system?
{'text': 'In Transit', 'answer_start': 54}
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According to the preamble in The Law of Treaties, treaties are a source of international law. If an act or lack thereof is condemned under international law, the act will not assume international legality even if approved by internal law. This means that in case of a conflict with domestic law, international law will a...
An act or lack thereof cannot be made legal under what law even if made legal under internal law?
{'text': 'international law', 'answer_start': 296}
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The Pocitos district, near the beach of the same name, has many homes built by Bello and Reboratti between 1920 and 1940, with a mixture of styles. Other landmarks in Pocitos are the "Edificio Panamericano" designed by Raul Sichero, and the "Positano" and "El Pilar" designed by Adolfo Sommer Smith and Luis García Pardo...
What district has many homes built by Bello and reboratti?
{'text': 'Pocitos', 'answer_start': 4}
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Elevators necessitated new social protocols. When Nicholas II of Russia visited the Hotel Adlon in Berlin, his courtiers panicked about who would enter the elevator first, and who would press the buttons. In Lifted: A Cultural History of the Elevator, author Andreas Bernard documents other social impacts caused by the ...
Andreas Bernard wrote about the social aspects of the new elevators in what book?
{'text': 'Lifted: A Cultural History of the Elevator', 'answer_start': 208}
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In 1978, Jim Shooter became Marvel's editor-in-chief. Although a controversial personality, Shooter cured many of the procedural ills at Marvel, including repeatedly missed deadlines. During Shooter's nine-year tenure as editor-in-chief, Chris Claremont and John Byrne's run on the Uncanny X-Men and Frank Miller's run o...
Secret Wars was an early example of what Marvel comics story trope?
{'text': 'crossover story arcs', 'answer_start': 573}
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Later interpretations of Avicenna's philosophy split into three different schools; those (such as al-Tusi) who continued to apply his philosophy as a system to interpret later political events and scientific advances; those (such as al-Razi) who considered Avicenna's theological works in isolation from his wider philos...
Who used Avicenna's work to help understand future political events?
{'text': 'al-Tusi', 'answer_start': 98}
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In October 1810, six months after Fryderyk's birth, the family moved to Warsaw, where his father acquired a post teaching French at the Warsaw Lyceum, then housed in the Saxon Palace. Fryderyk lived with his family in the Palace grounds. The father played the flute and violin; the mother played the piano and gave lesso...
What two instruments did Frédéric's father play during this time?
{'text': 'flute and violin', 'answer_start': 260}
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The television station, NDtv, grew from one show in 2002 to a full 24-hour channel with original programming by September 2006. WSND-FM serves the student body and larger South Bend community at 88.9 FM, offering students a chance to become involved in bringing classical music, fine arts and educational programming, an...
Which television station finds its home at Notre Dame?
{'text': 'NDtv', 'answer_start': 24}
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Marshall Field & Company originated in 1852. It was the premier department store on the main shopping street in the Midwest, State Street in Chicago. Upscale shoppers came by train from throughout the region, patronizing nearby hotels. It grew to become a major chain before converting to the Macy's nameplate on 9 Septe...
What charged service did Marshall's provide customers until changing their name to Macy's?
{'text': 'personal shopper', 'answer_start': 888}
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Documentary filmmakers have studied the lives of wrestlers and the effects the profession has on them and their families. The 1999 theatrical documentary Beyond the Mat focused on Terry Funk, a wrestler nearing retirement; Mick Foley, a wrestler within his prime; Jake Roberts, a former star fallen from grace; and a sch...
When did Beyond the Mat come out?
{'text': '1999', 'answer_start': 126}
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The ritual form on which the Grand Orient of France was based was abolished in England in the events leading to the formation of the United Grand Lodge of England in 1813. However the two jurisdictions continued in amity (mutual recognition) until events of the 1860s and 1870s drove a seemingly permanent wedge between ...
What lodge was never in amity with another?
{'text': 'United Grand Lodge of England', 'answer_start': 133}
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On 29 May 1842, Victoria was riding in a carriage along The Mall, London, when John Francis aimed a pistol at her but the gun did not fire; he escaped. The following day, Victoria drove the same route, though faster and with a greater escort, in a deliberate attempt to provoke Francis to take a second aim and catch him...
Where wasn't Queen Victoria when Francis tried to shoot her?
{'text': 'riding in a carriage along The Mall, London', 'answer_start': 29}
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The lands of Galicia are ascribed to two different areas in the Köppen climate classification: a south area (roughly, the province of Ourense and Pontevedra) with tendencies to have some summer drought, classified as a warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Csb), with mild temperatures and rainfall usual throughout the yea...
What is the southern area's climate classified as?
{'text': 'Mediterranean', 'answer_start': 231}
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On November 30, 2010, CBC's senior director of regulatory affairs issued a letter to the CRTC regarding CBC's plans for transitioning to digital. The letter states, "CBC/Radio-Canada will not be converting its analogue retransmitters in mandatory markets to digital after August 31, 2011." On December 16, 2010, some mo...
How many transmitters existed for the CRTC to regulate?
{'text': '27', 'answer_start': 607}
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There are two broad categories of public funding, direct, which entails a monetary transfer to a party, and indirect, which includes broadcasting time on state media, use of the mail service or supplies. According to the Comparative Data from the ACE Electoral Knowledge Network, out of a sample of over 180 nations, 25%...
Are parties required to reveal their funding?
{'text': 'required to disclose their finances to the Election management body.', 'answer_start': 762}
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Seattle typically receives some snowfall on an annual basis but heavy snow is rare. Average annual snowfall, as measured at Sea-Tac Airport, is 6.8 inches (17.3 cm). Single calendar-day snowfall of six inches or greater has occurred on only 15 days since 1948, and only once since February 17, 1990, when 6.8 in (17.3 cm...
On what dates did Seattle experience a snow event of 6 feet?
{'text': 'January 5–9, 1880', 'answer_start': 1038}
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Directly underneath the State Apartments is a suite of slightly less grand rooms known as the semi-state apartments. Opening from the Marble Hall, these rooms are used for less formal entertaining, such as luncheon parties and private audiences. Some of the rooms are named and decorated for particular visitors, such as...
Which European chef is The 1845 Room named after?
{'text': 'Emperor Napoleon III of France', 'answer_start': 490}
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ELPJ, a Japanese-based company, sells a laser turntable that uses a laser to read vinyl discs optically, without physical contact. The laser turntable eliminates record wear and the possibility of accidental scratches, which degrade the sound, but its expense limits use primarily to digital archiving of analog records,...
What was the primary use of laser read discs?
{'text': 'archiving of analog records', 'answer_start': 292}
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In the late 1980s, key breakthroughs in GaN epitaxial growth and p-type doping ushered in the modern era of GaN-based optoelectronic devices. Building upon this foundation, Dr. Moustakas at Boston University patented a method for producing high-brightness blue LEDs using a new two-step process. Two years later, in 1993...
Who first patented a method to produce high-brightness blue LEDs?
{'text': 'Shuji Nakamura', 'answer_start': 375}
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Violent incidents occurred throughout the Piedmont of the state as white insurgents struggled to maintain white supremacy in the face of social changes after the war and granting of citizenship to freedmen by federal constitutional amendments. After former Confederates were allowed to vote again, election campaigns fro...
What weren't white Democratic paramilitary groups in Charleston known as?
{'text': 'the Red Shirts', 'answer_start': 442}
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Established in 1988, Chengdu Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone (Chinese: 成都高新技术产业开发区; pinyin: Chéngdū Gāoxīn Jìshù Chǎnyè Kāifā Qū) was approved as one of the first national hi-tech development zones in 1991. In 2000, it was open to APEC and has been recognized as a national advanced hi-tech development zone in succe...
What ranks number 5 in world development zones?
{'text': 'Chengdu Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone', 'answer_start': 21}
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The original Cubist architecture is very rare. There is only one country in the world where Cubism was really applied to architecture – namely Bohemia (today Czech Republic) and especially its capital, Prague. Czech architects were the first and only ones in the world to ever design original Cubist buildings. Cubist ar...
Which country applied Cubism to architecture the most?
{'text': 'Bohemia (today Czech Republic', 'answer_start': 143}
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During his bid to be elected president in 2004, Kerry frequently criticized President George W. Bush for the Iraq War. While Kerry had initially voted in support of authorizing President Bush to use force in dealing with Saddam Hussein, he voted against an $87 billion supplemental appropriations bill to pay for the sub...
What had Kerry voted against after supporting the initial Iraq authorization?
{'text': 'an $87 billion supplemental appropriations bill to pay for the subsequent war', 'answer_start': 254}
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The RIBA Guide to its Archive and History (1986) has a section on the "Statutory registration of architects" with a bibliography extending from a draft bill of 1887 to one of 1969. The Guide's section on "Education" records the setting up in 1904 of the RIBA Board of Architectural Education, and the system by which any...
What school document had no impact on the standards of the Board for admittance?
{'text': 'syllabus', 'answer_start': 365}
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Many websites converted their home page to black and white; Sina.com and Sohu, major internet portals, limited their homepages to news items and removed all advertisements. Chinese video sharing websites Youku and Tudou displayed a black background and placed multiple videos showing earthquake footage and news reports....
What business closed in Macau?
{'text': 'Casinos', 'answer_start': 760}
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In total, 156 prisoners have been either acquitted, or received pardons or commutations on the basis of possible innocence, between 1973 to 2015. Death penalty opponents often argue that this statistic shows how perilously close states have come to undertaking wrongful executions; proponents point out that the statisti...
What happened in 1970?
{'text': 'prisoners have been either acquitted, or received pardons or commutations on the basis of possible innocence, between 1973 to 2015', 'answer_start': 14}
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4,357
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Just as Lee explores Jem's development in coming to grips with a racist and unjust society, Scout realizes what being female means, and several female characters influence her development. Scout's primary identification with her father and older brother allows her to describe the variety and depth of female characters ...
Who are the main female role models for Scout during the story?
{'text': 'Calpurnia and Miss Maudie', 'answer_start': 1103}
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On April 19, the BBC reported that 1,300 people had gathered outside BBC buildings in Manchester and London, protesting against what they described as Western media bias. Several days earlier, the BBC had published an article entitled "The challenges of reporting in China", responding to earlier criticism. The BBC's Pa...
Who commented that Chinese people can look at the BBC news site for the first time?
{'text': 'Paul Danahar', 'answer_start': 318}
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After the capitulation of Axis forces in North Africa, Eisenhower oversaw the highly successful invasion of Sicily. Once Mussolini, the Italian leader, had fallen in Italy, the Allies switched their attention to the mainland with Operation Avalanche. But while Eisenhower argued with President Roosevelt and British Prim...
How many divisions did the Germans add to Italy?
{'text': '19', 'answer_start': 544}
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Capacitors, especially ceramic capacitors, and older designs such as paper capacitors, can absorb sound waves resulting in a microphonic effect. Vibration moves the plates, causing the capacitance to vary, in turn inducing AC current. Some dielectrics also generate piezoelectricity. The resulting interference is especi...
What value of a capacitor is not varied when vibration moves the conducting plates?
{'text': 'capacitance', 'answer_start': 185}
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The US reacted to the Luna program by embarking on the Ranger program in 1959, managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. The Block I Ranger 1 and Ranger 2 suffered Atlas-Agena launch failures in August and November 1961. The 727-pound (330 kg) Block II Ranger 3 launched successfully on January 26, 1962, but missed t...
The first Ranger mission that didn't fail was which one?
{'text': 'Block III Ranger 7', 'answer_start': 703}
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A psychological identity relates to self-image (one's mental model of oneself), self-esteem, and individuality. Consequently, Weinreich gives the definition "A person's identity is defined as the totality of one's self-construal, in which how one construes oneself in the present expresses the continuity between how one...
A person's identity is defined as the totality of what?
{'text': "one's self-construal", 'answer_start': 208}
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Yale University, one of the oldest universities in the United States, is a cultural referent as an institution that produces some of the most elite members of society and its grounds, alumni, and students have been prominently portrayed in fiction and U.S. popular culture. For example, Owen Johnson's novel, Stover at Y...
What baseball playing character in The Great Gatsby played for Yale?
{'text': 'Tom Buchanan', 'answer_start': 697}
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A glacier (US /ˈɡleɪʃər/ or UK /ˈɡlæsiə/) is a persistent body of dense ice that is constantly moving under its own weight; it forms where the accumulation of snow exceeds its ablation (melting and sublimation) over many years, often centuries. Glaciers slowly deform and flow due to stresses induced by their weight, cr...
What forms were ice accumulates?
{'text': 'glacier', 'answer_start': 2}
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Color temperature for white light sources also affects their use for certain applications. The color temperature of a white light source is the temperature in Kelvin of a theoretical black body emitter that most closely matches the spectral characteristics of the lamp. An incandescent bulb has a color temperature aroun...
What has a color temperature around 2800 to 3000 Kelvin?
{'text': 'incandescent bulb', 'answer_start': 273}
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Early reviews were mixed in their assessment. Ken Tucker of Entertainment Weekly considered that "As TV, American Idol is crazily entertaining; as music, it's dust-mote inconsequential". Others, however, thought that "the most striking aspect of the series was the genuine talent it revealed". It was also described as a...
Which journalist felt Idol produced entertaining TV more than entertaining music?
{'text': 'Ken Tucker', 'answer_start': 46}
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The University of Kansas School of Business is a public business school located on the main campus of the University of Kansas in Lawrence, Kansas. The KU School of Business was founded in 1924 and currently has more than 80 faculty members and approximately 1500 students.
How many students attend the business school at KU?
{'text': '1500', 'answer_start': 259}
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The city is represented in the National Football League by the New York Giants and the New York Jets, although both teams play their home games at MetLife Stadium in nearby East Rutherford, New Jersey, which hosted Super Bowl XLVIII in 2014.
What city is MetLife Stadium located in?
{'text': 'East Rutherford, New Jersey', 'answer_start': 173}
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On August 31, 1886, Charleston was nearly destroyed by an earthquake. The shock was estimated to have a moment magnitude of 7.0 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (Extreme). It was felt as far away as Boston to the north, Chicago and Milwaukee to the northwest, as far west as New Orleans, as far south as Cuba, and a...
What nearly destroyed Charleston in 1868?
{'text': 'an earthquake', 'answer_start': 55}
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In March 2006, it was revealed by the Archivist of the United States in a public hearing that a memorandum of understanding between NARA and various government agencies existed to "reclassify", i.e., withdraw from public access, certain documents in the name of national security, and to do so in a manner such that rese...
When was the reclassification program originally intended to end?
{'text': '2007', 'answer_start': 560}
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The Ecdysozoa are protostomes, named after the common trait of growth by moulting or ecdysis. The largest animal phylum belongs here, the Arthropoda, including insects, spiders, crabs, and their kin. All these organisms have a body divided into repeating segments, typically with paired appendages. Two smaller phyla, th...
What are some animals in the Arthropoda group?
{'text': 'insects, spiders, crabs', 'answer_start': 160}
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Chinese generals and officials such as Zuo Zongtang led the suppression of rebellions and stood behind the Manchus. When the Tongzhi Emperor came to the throne at the age of five in 1861, these officials rallied around him in what was called the Tongzhi Restoration. Their aim was to adopt western military technology in...
What was the name of a modern Chinese Army?
{'text': 'Beiyang Army', 'answer_start': 852}
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At the 2009 American Community Survey, Black Americans made the second largest group in the Bronx after Hispanics and Latinos. Blacks of both Hispanic and non-Hispanic origin represented over one-third (35.4%) of the Bronx's population. Blacks of non-Hispanic origin made up 30.8% of the population. Over 495,200 blacks ...
How much of the Bronx's population is black (not including Hispanic)?
{'text': '30.8%', 'answer_start': 275}
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The adolescent growth spurt is a rapid increase in the individual's height and weight during puberty resulting from the simultaneous release of growth hormones, thyroid hormones, and androgens. Males experience their growth spurt about two years later, on average, than females. During their peak height velocity (the ti...
Growth rates during adolescent are comparible to those of what other life stage?
{'text': 'toddler', 'answer_start': 410}