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The Constitution of Bermuda came into force on 1 June 1967; it was amended in 1989 and 2003. The head of government is the premier. A cabinet is nominated by the premier and appointed officially by the governor. The legislative branch consists of a bicameral parliament modelled on the Westminster system. The Senate is ...
What does the population get to vote for?
{'text': 'The House of Assembly, or lower house', 'answer_start': 451}
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In mid-2004 Madonna embarked on the Re-Invention World Tour in the U.S., Canada, and Europe. It became the highest-grossing tour of 2004, earning around $120 million and became the subject of her documentary I'm Going to Tell You a Secret. In November 2004, she was inducted into the UK Music Hall of Fame as one of its ...
When was the Re-Invention World Tour kick off?
{'text': 'mid-2004', 'answer_start': 3}
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The Cold War drew to a close in the late 1980s and the early 1990s. The United States under President Ronald Reagan increased diplomatic, military, and economic pressure on the Soviet Union, which was already suffering from severe economic stagnation. In the second half of the 1980s, newly appointed Soviet leader Mikha...
What did Mikhail Gorbachev introduce?
{'text': 'introduced the perestroika and glasnost reforms.', 'answer_start': 333}
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Plymouth has a post-war shopping area in the city centre with substantial pedestrianisation. At the west end of the zone inside a grade II listed building is the Pannier Market that was completed in 1959 – pannier meaning "basket" from French, so it translates as "basket market". In terms of retail floorspace, Plymouth...
What was the cost to restore Tinside Pool?
{'text': '£3.4 million', 'answer_start': 637}
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A regular international ferry service provided by Brittany Ferries operates from Millbay taking cars and foot passengers directly to France (Roscoff) and Spain (Santander) on the three ferries, MV Armorique, MV Bretagne and MV Pont-Aven. There is a passenger ferry between Stonehouse and the Cornish hamlet of Cremyll, w...
Who operates the ferry to Spain?
{'text': 'Brittany Ferries', 'answer_start': 50}
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Today, nearly all commonly used video compression methods (e.g., those in standards approved by the ITU-T or ISO) apply a discrete cosine transform (DCT) for spatial redundancy reduction. The DCT that is widely used in this regard was introduced by N. Ahmed, T. Natarajan and K. R. Rao in 1974. Other methods, such as fr...
What do all commonly used fractals use?
{'text': 'discrete cosine transform', 'answer_start': 122}
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Expansion of Highbury was restricted because the East Stand had been designated as a Grade II listed building and the other three stands were close to residential properties. These limitations prevented the club from maximising matchday revenue during the 1990s and first decade of the 21st century, putting them in dang...
By what name was the new Arsenal stadium finally known?
{'text': 'Emirates Stadium', 'answer_start': 514}
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Synnecrosis is a rare type of symbiosis in which the interaction between species is detrimental to both organisms involved. It is a short-lived condition, as the interaction eventually causes death. Because of this, evolution selects against synnecrosis and it is uncommon in nature. An example of this is the relationsh...
What is the ultimate result of synnecrosis?
{'text': 'death', 'answer_start': 192}
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In Virginia prior to 1920, for example, a person was legally white if having seven-eights or more white ancestry. The one-drop rule originated in some Southern United States in the late 19th century, likely in response to whites' attempt to maintain white supremacy and limit black political power following the Democrat...
What year was mulatto left off the US Census?
{'text': '1920', 'answer_start': 455}
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During the Napoleonic Wars he was taken seriously by the British press as a dangerous tyrant, poised to invade. He was often referred to by the British as Boney. A nursery rhyme warned children that Bonaparte ravenously ate naughty people; the "bogeyman". The British Tory press sometimes depicted Napoleon as much small...
Which foreign news service viewed Napoleon as a dangerous tyrant?
{'text': 'the British press', 'answer_start': 53}
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In 1849, Horne's began operations and soon became a leading Pittsburgh department store. In 1879, it opened a seven-story landmark which was the first department store in the city's downtown. In 1972, Associated Dry Goods acquired Horne's, and ADG expanded operations of Horne's to several stores in suburban malls throu...
In what year did Horne began doing business?
{'text': '1849', 'answer_start': 3}
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In 1904, a British expedition to Tibet, spurred in part by a fear that Russia was extending its power into Tibet as part of The Great Game, invaded the country, hoping that negotiations with the 13th Dalai Lama would be more effective than with Chinese representatives. When the British-led invasion reached Tibet on Dec...
With whom were the British hopeing to negotiate?
{'text': '13th Dalai Lama', 'answer_start': 195}
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A cabinet of coins is the Münzkabinett der TUI-AG. The Polizeigeschichtliche Sammlung Niedersachsen is the largest police museum in Germany. Textiles from all over the world can be visited in the Museum for textile art. The EXPOseeum is the museum of the world-exhibition "EXPO 2000 Hannover". Carpets and objects from t...
What does the Museum of natural energy history describe
{'text': 'the 150 years old history of the application of energy', 'answer_start': 548}
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Public policy and political leadership helps to "level the playing field" and drive the wider acceptance of renewable energy technologies. Countries such as Germany, Denmark, and Spain have led the way in implementing innovative policies which has driven most of the growth over the past decade. As of 2014, Germany has ...
What drives the wider acceptance of renewable energy technologies?
{'text': 'Public policy and political leadership', 'answer_start': 0}
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President Abraham Lincoln visited General Grant at Petersburg on April 3, and took a launch to Richmond the next day, while Jefferson Davis attempted to organize his Confederate government at Danville. Lincoln met Confederate assistant secretary of War John A. Campbell, and handed him a note inviting Virginia's legisla...
How many years did Davis spend in Fort Monroe?
{'text': 'two', 'answer_start': 1314}
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However, the 18th century saw the European empires gradually expand across the world, as European states developed economies built on maritime trade. The dynasty was confronted with newly developing concepts of the international system and state to state relations. European trading posts expanded into territorial contr...
What was the only city the Chinese allowed the Europeans into to trade?
{'text': 'Canton', 'answer_start': 453}
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During the last three minutes of a half, the penalty for failure to place the ball in play within the 20-second play clock, known as "time count" (this foul is known as "delay of game" in American football), is dramatically different from during the first 27 minutes. Instead of the penalty being 5 yards with the down r...
On what down can the 20 second play clock give possession to the defense?
{'text': 'third down', 'answer_start': 606}
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As advances and specialization have made new scientific research inaccessible to most audiences, the "literary" nature of science writing has become less pronounced over the last two centuries. Now, science appears mostly in journals. Scientific works of Aristotle, Copernicus, and Newton still exhibit great value, but ...
Students often read classical scientists outside what programmes?
{'text': '"history of science"', 'answer_start': 516}
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Beyoncé's vocal range spans four octaves. Jody Rosen highlights her tone and timbre as particularly distinctive, describing her voice as "one of the most compelling instruments in popular music". While another critic says she is a "Vocal acrobat, being able to sing long and complex melismas and vocal runs effortlessly,...
What does Rosen claim influenced Beyonce's style?
{'text': 'hip hop', 'answer_start': 714}
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Since the Protestant Reformation, the most prominent Christian denomination in Thuringia has been Lutheranism. During the GDR period, church membership was discouraged and has continued shrinking since the reunification in 1990. Today over two thirds of the population is non-religious. The Protestant Evangelical Church...
What is the most common Christian denomination in Thuringia?
{'text': 'Lutheranism', 'answer_start': 98}
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Declarative memory can be further sub-divided into semantic memory, concerning principles and facts taken independent of context; and episodic memory, concerning information specific to a particular context, such as a time and place. Semantic memory allows the encoding of abstract knowledge about the world, such as "Pa...
Which type of memory enables us to remember knowledge of the world?
{'text': 'Semantic memory', 'answer_start': 234}
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Other microscopic procedures may also aid in identifying infectious agents. Almost all cells readily stain with a number of basic dyes due to the electrostatic attraction between negatively charged cellular molecules and the positive charge on the dye. A cell is normally transparent under a microscope, and using a stai...
What is Geimsa stain?
{'text': 'a dye', 'answer_start': 397}
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Other major newspapers include Miami Today, headquartered in Brickell, Miami New Times, headquartered in Midtown, Miami Sun Post, South Florida Business Journal, Miami Times, and Biscayne Boulevard Times. An additional Spanish-language newspapers, Diario Las Americas also serve Miami. The Miami Herald is Miami's primar...
What isn't the name of the student newspaper at Barry University?
{'text': 'The Buccaneer', 'answer_start': 642}
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Approximately 96.4% of Ecuador's Indigenous population are Highland Quichuas living in the valleys of the Sierra region. Primarily consisting of the descendents of Incans, they are Kichwa speakers and include the Caranqui, the Otavalos, the Cayambi, the Quitu-Caras, the Panzaleo, the Chimbuelo, the Salasacan, the Tugua...
The Saraguro and Panzaleo are two of the member groups of what population?
{'text': 'Highland Quichuas', 'answer_start': 59}
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Jordanes tells us that the Sclaveni had swamps and forests for their cities. Another 6th-century source refers to them living among nearly impenetrable forests, rivers, lakes, and marshes.
Who had swamps and forests for their cities?
{'text': 'the Sclaveni', 'answer_start': 23}
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Kerry said on September 9 in response to a reporter's question about whether Syrian President Bashar al-Assad could avert a military strike: "He could turn over every single bit of his chemical weapons to the international community in the next week. Turn it over, all of it, without delay, and allow a full and total ac...
What was Sergey Lavrov's position?
{'text': 'Russian Foreign Minister', 'answer_start': 594}
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In September 1941, through the "Action Lauterbacher" plan, a ghettoisation of the remaining Hanoverian Jewish families began. Even before the Wannsee Conference, on 15 December 1941, the first Jews from Hanover were deported to Riga. A total of 2,400 people were deported, and very few survived. During the war seven con...
What portion of the population was moved to better housing?
{'text': 'Hanoverian Jewish families', 'answer_start': 92}
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In 1980, General Secretary and reformist Hu Yaobang visited Tibet and ushered in a period of social, political, and economic liberalization. At the end of the decade, however, analogously to the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989, monks in the Drepung and Sera monasteries started protesting for independence, and so the ...
When did Hu Yaobang visit Tibet?
{'text': '1980', 'answer_start': 3}
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Two distinct viewpoints on time divide many prominent philosophers. One view is that time is part of the fundamental structure of the universe, a dimension in which events occur in sequence. Sir Isaac Newton subscribed to this realist view, and hence it is sometimes referred to as Newtonian time. An opposing view is th...
What did Sir Isaac Newton believe was the only way we can know objects?
{'text': 'as they appear to us', 'answer_start': 817}
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Many[who?] expected BSkyB to make a bid to show some of the remaining FA Cup games for the remainder of the 2009–10 season which would include a semi-final and shared rights to the final. ESPN took over the package Setanta held for the FA Cup from the 2010–11 season. The 2011 final was also shown live on Sky 3D in addi...
Who show the 2011 final?
{'text': 'The 2011 final was also shown live on Sky 3D in addition to ESPN', 'answer_start': 268}
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The modern concept of an abstract group developed out of several fields of mathematics. The original motivation for group theory was the quest for solutions of polynomial equations of degree higher than 4. The 19th-century French mathematician Évariste Galois, extending prior work of Paolo Ruffini and Joseph-Louis Lagr...
Whose work did Paolo Ruffini and Joseph-Louis Lagrange base their work on?
{'text': 'Évariste Galois', 'answer_start': 244}
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Feynman was elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS) in 1965. At this time in the early 1960s, Feynman exhausted himself by working on multiple major projects at the same time, including a request, while at Caltech, to "spruce up" the teaching of undergraduates. After three years devoted to the task, he...
Which society was Feynman elected to?
{'text': 'Royal Society', 'answer_start': 44}
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The system was later extended to cover larger ranges and some of its practical shortcomings were addressed by the Austrian scientist Josef Maria Eder (1855–1944) and Flemish-born botanist Walter Hecht (de) (1896–1960), (who, in 1919/1920, jointly developed their Eder–Hecht neutral wedge sensitometer measuring emulsion ...
Who developed a device that improved on the shortcomings of Scheiner's invention?
{'text': 'Austrian scientist Josef Maria Eder (1855–1944) and Flemish-born botanist Walter Hecht (de)', 'answer_start': 114}
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The Executive Board is responsible for the implementation of monetary policy (defined by the Governing Council) and the day-to-day running of the bank. It can issue decisions to national central banks and may also exercise powers delegated to it by the Governing Council. It is composed of the President of the Bank (cur...
Who is responsible for overseeing all monetary policy?
{'text': 'The Executive Board', 'answer_start': 0}
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The coup completed, the RCC proceeded with their intentions of consolidating the revolutionary government and modernizing the country. They purged monarchists and members of Idris' Senussi clan from Libya's political world and armed forces; Gaddafi believed this elite were opposed to the will of the Libyan people and h...
How did Gaddafi view the elite?
{'text': 'Gaddafi believed this elite were opposed to the will of the Libyan people and had to be expunged.', 'answer_start': 241}
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Additionally, the Italian Eritrea administration opened a number of new factories, which produced buttons, cooking oil, pasta, construction materials, packing meat, tobacco, hide and other household commodities. In 1939, there were around 2,198 factories and most of the employees were Eritrean citizens. The establishme...
How many Eritreans worked in the factories in 1939?
{'text': '75,000', 'answer_start': 501}
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Another action in 1917 that is of note was the armistice signed between Russia and the Central Powers at Brest-Litovsk. As a condition for peace, the treaty by the Central Powers conceded huge portions of the former Russian Empire to Imperial Germany and the Ottoman Empire, greatly upsetting nationalists and conservati...
What did Central powers concede in exchange for peace?
{'text': 'huge portions of the former Russian Empire to Imperial Germany and the Ottoman Empire', 'answer_start': 188}
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David Jones was started by David Jones, a Welsh merchant who met Hobart businessman Charles Appleton in London. Appleton established a store in Sydney in 1825 and Jones subsequently established a partnership with Appleton, moved to Australia in 1835, and the Sydney store became known as Appleton & Jones. When the partn...
Where did David Jones and Charles Appleton meet?
{'text': 'in London', 'answer_start': 101}
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The second major event of the early reign of Abd al-Malik was the construction of the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem. Although the chronology remains somewhat uncertain, the building seems to have been completed in 692, which means that it was under construction during the conflict with Ibn al-Zubayr. This had led some ...
During whose reign was the Dome of the Rock constructed?
{'text': 'Abd al-Malik', 'answer_start': 45}
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Napoleon's noble, moderately affluent background afforded him greater opportunities to study than were available to a typical Corsican of the time. In January 1779, he was enrolled at a religious school in Autun. In May, he was admitted to a military academy at Brienne-le-Château. His first language was Corsican, and h...
Where was the first military academy Napoleon attended located?
{'text': 'Brienne-le-Château', 'answer_start': 262}
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Saint Barthélemy, a volcanic island fully encircled by shallow reefs, has an area of 25 square kilometres (9.7 sq mi) and a population of 9,035 (Jan. 2011 estimate). Its capital is Gustavia[citation needed], which also contains the main harbour to the island. It is the only Caribbean island which was a Swedish colony f...
How many people lived in the Swedish colony?
{'text': '9,035', 'answer_start': 138}
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Nutrition is taught in schools in many countries. In England and Wales, the Personal and Social Education and Food Technology curricula include nutrition, stressing the importance of a balanced diet and teaching how to read nutrition labels on packaging. In many schools, a Nutrition class will fall within the Family an...
Aside from dieting and general nutritional information, what else does the curricula in England and Wales aim to teach students?
{'text': 'how to read nutrition labels on packaging', 'answer_start': 212}
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Victoria married her first cousin, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, in 1840. Their nine children married into royal and noble families across the continent, tying them together and earning her the sobriquet "the grandmother of Europe". After Albert's death in 1861, Victoria plunged into deep mourning and avoided...
What year didn't Prince Albert die?
{'text': '1861', 'answer_start': 267}
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In the nearby parish of Stoke Damerel the first dockyard, HMNB Devonport, opened in 1690 on the eastern bank of the River Tamar. Further docks were built here in 1727, 1762 and 1793. The settlement that developed here was called "Dock" or "Plymouth Dock" at the time, and a new town, separate from Plymouth, grew up. In ...
In what parish was HMNB Davenport located?
{'text': 'Stoke Damerel', 'answer_start': 24}
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The Chronicle reports that Askold and Dir continued to Constantinople with a navy to attack the city in 863–66, catching the Byzantines by surprise and ravaging the surrounding area, though other accounts date the attack in 860. Patriarch Photius vividly describes the "universal" devastation of the suburbs and nearby i...
What did type of devastation did Patriarch Photius write about the suburbs?
{'text': 'universal', 'answer_start': 270}
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Buddhism traditionally incorporates states of meditative absorption (Pali: jhāna; Skt: dhyāna). The most ancient sustained expression of yogic ideas is found in the early sermons of the Buddha. One key innovative teaching of the Buddha was that meditative absorption must be combined with liberating cognition. The diffe...
Buddhism traditionally incorporates states of what type of absorption?
{'text': 'meditative', 'answer_start': 46}
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However, according to then-Secretary of State Colin Powell, the UNFPA contributed vehicles and computers to the Chinese to carry out their population control policies. However, both the Washington Post and the Washington Times reported that Powell simply fell in line, signing a brief written by someone else.
What papers reported on this incident?
{'text': 'the Washington Post and the Washington Times', 'answer_start': 182}
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Still, advancing technology and medicine has had a great impact even in the Global South. Large-scale industry and more centralized media made brutal dictatorships possible on an unprecedented scale in the middle of the century, leading to wars that were also unprecedented. However, the increased communications contrib...
What time period did technological advances lead to?
{'text': 'the Information Age', 'answer_start': 497}
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On June 12, 1990, the Congress of People's Deputies adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty. On June 12, 1991, Boris Yeltsin was elected the first President. On December 8, 1991, heads of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus signed the Belavezha Accords. The agreement declared dissolution of the USSR by its founder states ...
When did the Russian Parliament ratify the Belavezha Accords?
{'text': 'December 12', 'answer_start': 411}
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As a more urban culture developed, academies provided a means of transmission for speculative and philosophical literature in early civilizations, resulting in the prevalence of literature in Ancient China, Ancient India, Persia and Ancient Greece and Rome. Many works of earlier periods, even in narrative form, had a c...
In West Asia, songs were collected by what people as poems?
{'text': 'Chinese aristocracy', 'answer_start': 710}
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Agricultural production is concentrated on small farms.[citation needed] The most important commercial crops are coconuts, tomatoes, melons, and breadfruit.[citation needed]
Along with coconuts, tomatoes and melons, what crops are notably grown in the Marshalls?
{'text': 'breadfruit', 'answer_start': 145}
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The beer houses tended to avoid the traditional pub names like The Crown, The Red Lion, The Royal Oak etc. and, if they did not simply name their place Smith's Beer House, they would apply topical pub names in an effort to reflect the mood of the times.
Along with The Royal Oak and The Crown, what is a traditional name for a pub?
{'text': 'The Red Lion', 'answer_start': 74}
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Iran consists of the Iranian Plateau with the exception of the coasts of the Caspian Sea and Khuzestan Province. It is one of the world's most mountainous countries, its landscape dominated by rugged mountain ranges that separate various basins or plateaux from one another. The populous western part is the most mountai...
How tall is Mount Damavand?
{'text': '5,610 m (18,406 ft)', 'answer_start': 447}
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Britain now threatened to withdraw its subsidies if Prussia didn't consider offering concessions to secure peace. As the Prussian armies had dwindled to just 60,000 men and with Berlin itself under siege, Frederick's survival was severely threatened. Then on 5 January 1762 the Russian Empress Elizabeth died. Her Prusso...
How many troops did Frederick have left?
{'text': '60,000 men', 'answer_start': 158}
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Literature allows readers to access intimate emotional aspects of a person’s character that would not be obvious otherwise. It benefits the psychological development and understanding of the reader. For example, it allows a person to access emotional states from which the person has distanced himself or herself. An ent...
Accessing emotional aspects of a character benefits the philosophical development and what else?
{'text': 'understanding of the reader', 'answer_start': 170}
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Despite trading for pitcher Matt Garza and signing free-agent slugger Carlos Peña, the Cubs finished the 2011 season 20 games under .500 with a record of 71-91. Weeks after the season came to an end, the club was rejuvenated in the form of a new philosophy, as new owner Tom Ricketts signed Theo Epstein away from the Bo...
How much was the contract given to Theo Epstein worth?
{'text': '$18 million', 'answer_start': 407}
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Oklahoma holds eleven public regional universities, including Northeastern State University, the second-oldest institution of higher education west of the Mississippi River, also containing the only College of Optometry in Oklahoma and the largest enrollment of Native American students in the nation by percentage and a...
What is Oklahoma's only HBCU?
{'text': 'Langston University', 'answer_start': 327}
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The phrase "in whole or in part" has been subject to much discussion by scholars of international humanitarian law. The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia found in Prosecutor v. Radislav Krstic – Trial Chamber I – Judgment – IT-98-33 (2001) ICTY8 (2 August 2001) that Genocide had been committed. ...
In the judgement, it is stated that the aim of the Genocide Convention, at its most simplest, is preventing the destruction of which victims?
{'text': 'entire human groups', 'answer_start': 629}
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Notably, a statute does not disappear automatically merely because it has been found unconstitutional; it must be deleted by a subsequent statute. Many federal and state statutes have remained on the books for decades after they were ruled to be unconstitutional. However, under the principle of stare decisis, no sensib...
What has remained on the books after they were ruled unconstitutional?
{'text': 'federal and state statutes', 'answer_start': 152}
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Notably, a statute does not disappear automatically merely because it has been found unconstitutional; it must be deleted by a subsequent statute. Many federal and state statutes have remained on the books for decades after they were ruled to be unconstitutional. However, under the principle of stare decisis, no sensib...
If a statute is unconstitutional, how is it removed?
{'text': 'deleted by a subsequent statute', 'answer_start': 114}
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The theory that race is merely a social construct has been challenged by the findings of researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine, published in the American Journal of Human Genetics as "Genetic Structure, Self-Identified Race/Ethnicity, and Confounding in Case-Control Association Studies". One of the ...
Neil Risch found a 99.9% agree between genetic structure and people's description of their what?
{'text': 'self', 'answer_start': 449}
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Perhaps foremost among what Whitehead considered faulty metaphysical assumptions was the Cartesian idea that reality is fundamentally constructed of bits of matter that exist totally independently of one another, which he rejected in favor of an event-based or "process" ontology in which events are primary and are fund...
Whitehead believed that reality should be regarded as what?
{'text': 'experiential', 'answer_start': 451}
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Israel is widely believed to possess nuclear weapons as well as chemical and biological weapons of mass destruction. Israel has not signed the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and maintains a policy of deliberate ambiguity toward its nuclear capabilities. The Israeli Navy's Dolphin submarines are beli...
What is armed with nuclear Popeye Turbo missiles?
{'text': "Israeli Navy's Dolphin submarines", 'answer_start': 278}
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Louis XVI translated the Reflections "from end to end" into French. Fellow Whig MPs Richard Sheridan and Charles James Fox, disagreed with Burke and split with him. Fox thought the Reflections to be "in very bad taste" and "favouring Tory principles". Other Whigs such as the Duke of Portland and Earl Fitzwilliam privat...
What did Charles James Fox translate?
{'text': 'Reflections', 'answer_start': 25}
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The National History Museum of Montevideo is located in the historical residence of General Fructuoso Rivera. It exhibits artifacts related to the history of Uruguay. In a process begun in 1998, the National Museum of Natural History (1837) and the National Museum of Anthropology (1981), merged in 2001, becoming the Na...
The National History Museum of Montevideo is located where?
{'text': 'the historical residence of General Fructuoso Rivera', 'answer_start': 56}
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Association football is the country's most popular and most televised franchised sport. Its important venues in Mexico City include the Azteca Stadium, home to the Mexico national football team and giants América, which can seat 91,653 fans, making it the biggest stadium in Latin America. The Olympic Stadium in Ciudad ...
What famous soccer stadium is in Mexico City?
{'text': 'Azteca Stadium', 'answer_start': 136}
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A lone naked human is at a physical disadvantage to other comparable apex predators in areas such as speed, bone density, weight, and physical strength. Humans also lack innate weaponry such as claws. Without crafted weapons, society, or cleverness, a lone human can easily be defeated by fit predatory animals, such as ...
With what species do humans hunt in partnership?
{'text': 'domestic dog', 'answer_start': 920}
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Interracial relationships have had a long history in North America and the United States, beginning with the intermixing of European explorers and soldiers, who took native women as companions. After European settlement increased, traders and fur trappers often married or had unions with women of native tribes. In the ...
Who started marrying or having unions with native women after settlment increased?
{'text': 'traders and fur trappers', 'answer_start': 231}
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Within Buddhism, samsara is defined as the continual repetitive cycle of birth and death that arises from ordinary beings' grasping and fixating on a self and experiences. Specifically, samsara refers to the process of cycling through one rebirth after another within the six realms of existence,[note 2] where each real...
What is samsara?
{'text': 'the continual repetitive cycle of birth and death', 'answer_start': 39}
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Bannerman Park is a Victorian-style park located near the downtown. The park was officially opened in 1891 by Sir Alexander Bannerman, Governor of the Colony of Newfoundland who donated the land to create the park. Today the park contains a public swimming pool, playground, a baseball diamond and many large open grassy...
What year was Bannerman Park opened?
{'text': '1891', 'answer_start': 102}
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Throughout the history of the South Slavs, the vernacular, literary, and written languages (e.g. Chakavian, Kajkavian, Shtokavian) of the various regions and ethnicities developed and diverged independently. Prior to the 19th century, they were collectively called "Illyric", "Slavic", "Slavonian", "Bosnian", "Dalmatian...
For what reason is the term "Serbo-Croatian" controversial today?
{'text': 'prejudice that nation and language must match', 'answer_start': 1525}
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Under Walter Dill Scott's presidency from 1920 to 1939, Northwestern began construction of an integrated campus in Chicago designed by James Gamble Rogers to house the professional schools; established the Kellogg School of Management; and built several prominent buildings on the Evanston campus, Dyche Stadium (now nam...
What merger was proposed and rejected in 1973?
{'text': 'Northwestern with the University of Chicago', 'answer_start': 398}
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As of the 2000 census other Christian minority communities include Neo-Pietism (0.44%), Pentecostalism (0.28%, mostly incorporated in the Schweizer Pfingstmission), Methodism (0.13%), the New Apostolic Church (0.45%), Jehovah's Witnesses (0.28%), other Protestant denominations (0.20%), the Old Catholic Church (0.18%), ...
According to the census of 2000, what percentage of Swiss are Jehova's Witnesses?
{'text': '0.28%', 'answer_start': 239}
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At the end of the war, the victorious powers sought to divide up the Ottoman Empire. Signed between the Allied and Associated Powers and Ottoman Empire at Sèvres on 10 August 1920, the Treaty of Sèvres promised to maintain the existence of the Armenian republic and to attach the former territories of Ottoman Armenia to...
Which US president specified the new Armenian borders?
{'text': 'President Woodrow Wilson', 'answer_start': 394}
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These institutions, as well as certain regulated banks, had also assumed significant debt burdens while providing the loans described above and did not have a financial cushion sufficient to absorb large loan defaults or MBS losses. These losses impacted the ability of financial institutions to lend, slowing economic a...
Who provided funds to encourage lending and restore faith in commercial banks in the aftermath of the financial crisis of 2007?
{'text': 'central banks', 'answer_start': 398}
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According to Presentism, time is an ordering of various realities. At a certain time some things exist and others do not. This is the only reality we can deal with and we cannot for example say that Homer exists because at the present time he does not. An Eternalist, on the other hand, holds that time is a dimension of...
What is more real according to Eternalists?
{'text': 'future', 'answer_start': 418}
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The boundaries of Somerset are largely unaltered from medieval times. The River Avon formed much of the border with Gloucestershire, except that the hundred of Bath Forum, which straddles the Avon, formed part of Somerset. Bristol began as a town on the Gloucestershire side of the Avon, however as it grew it extended a...
How long have the boundaries of somerset remained constant
{'text': 'are largely unaltered from medieval times', 'answer_start': 27}
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From about 1800 a fresh influx of Greek architectural examples, seen through the medium of etchings and engravings, gave a new impetus to neoclassicism, the Greek Revival. There was little to no direct knowledge of Greek civilization before the middle of the 18th century in Western Europe, when an expedition funded by ...
Prior to what century had there been little contact between western europe and greek civilization?
{'text': '18th century', 'answer_start': 259}
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This is the passive, active, and dynamic employment of capabilities to respond to imminent or on-going actions against Air Force or Air Force-protected networks, the Air Force's portion of the Global Information Grid, or expeditionary communications assigned to the Air Force. Cyberspace defense incorporates CNE, comput...
What is the definition of CND?
{'text': 'computer network defense', 'answer_start': 314}
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Several species of pines characteristic of the Appalachians are eastern white pine (Pinus strobus ), Virginia pine (Pinus virginiana), pitch pine (Pinus rigida ), Table Mountain pine (Pinus pungens) and shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata). Red pine (Pinus resinosa) is a boreal species that forms a few high elevation outlie...
What types of habitat are difficult for the white pine to do well in?
{'text': 'shady coves, valleys, and on floodplains', 'answer_start': 935}
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In 1977, Gaddafi dissolved the Republic and created a new socialist state, the Jamahiriya ("state of the masses"). Officially adopting a symbolic role in governance, he retained power as military commander-in-chief and head of the Revolutionary Committees responsible for policing and suppressing opponents. Overseeing u...
How did Gaddafi die?
{'text': 'Retreating to Sirte, Gaddafi was captured and killed by NTC militants.', 'answer_start': 1154}
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The freedom to form, declare membership in, or campaign for candidates from a political party is considered a measurement of a state's adherence to liberal democracy as a political value. Regulation of parties may run from a crackdown on or repression of all opposition parties, a norm for authoritarian governments, to ...
Will parties that hold a counter belief to the general beliefs of the state's incumbents be repressed?
{'text': "to the repression of certain parties which hold or promote ideals which run counter to the general ideology of the state's incumbents", 'answer_start': 317}
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The observation that old windows are sometimes found to be thicker at the bottom than at the top is often offered as supporting evidence for the view that glass flows over a timescale of centuries, the assumption being that the glass has exhibited the liquid property of flowing from one shape to another. This assumptio...
What was the benefit of installing glass with the thick side at the top?
{'text': 'stability', 'answer_start': 881}
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Bacteria, as asexual organisms, inherit identical copies of their parent's genes (i.e., they are clonal). However, all bacteria can evolve by selection on changes to their genetic material DNA caused by genetic recombination or mutations. Mutations come from errors made during the replication of DNA or from exposure to...
What are two ways changes to DNA of bacteria can occur?
{'text': 'random mutation during replication or "stress-directed mutation"', 'answer_start': 513}
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In 2008, the BBC reported that the company Primark was using child labor in the manufacture of clothing. In particular, a £4 hand-embroidered shirt was the starting point of a documentary produced by BBC's Panorama programme. The programme asks consumers to ask themselves, "Why am I only paying £4 for a hand embroidere...
What did the BBC program make their viewers question?
{'text': '"Why am I only paying £4 for a hand embroidered top?', 'answer_start': 274}
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The State of the Union Addresses and other presidential speeches are translated to Spanish, following the precedent set by the Bill Clinton administration. Official Spanish translations are available at WhiteHouse.gov. Moreover, non-Hispanic American origin politicians fluent in Spanish-speak in Spanish to Hispanic maj...
If someone is not bilingual and only speaks Spanish, how do they learn about current events?
{'text': 'There are 500 Spanish newspapers, 152 magazines, and 205 publishers in the United States; magazine and local television', 'answer_start': 342}
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On runways, green lights indicate the beginning of the runway for landing, while red lights indicate the end of the runway. Runway edge lighting consists of white lights spaced out on both sides of the runway, indicating the edge. Some airports have more complicated lighting on the runways including lights that run dow...
What does using an ALS help save?
{'text': 'electricity and staffing costs', 'answer_start': 496}
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Ibn Sina created an extensive corpus of works during what is commonly known as the Islamic Golden Age, in which the translations of Greco-Roman, Persian, and Indian texts were studied extensively. Greco-Roman (Mid- and Neo-Platonic, and Aristotelian) texts translated by the Kindi school were commented, redacted and dev...
What dynasty supressed cultural development
{'text': 'The Samanid dynasty', 'answer_start': 475}
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One STOBAR carrier: Liaoning was originally built as the 57,000 tonne Soviet Admiral Kuznetsov-class carrier Varyag and was later purchased as a stripped hulk by China in 1998 on the pretext of use as a floating casino, then partially rebuilt and towed to China for completion. Liaoning was commissioned on 25 September ...
What is the Liaoning intended to help the navy practice with?
{'text': 'carrier usage', 'answer_start': 568}
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A number of novel ideas about religion developed with the Enlightenment, including Deism and talk of atheism. Deism, according to Thomas Paine, is the simple belief in God the Creator, with no reference to the Bible or any other miraculous source. Instead, the Deist relies solely on personal reason to guide his creed, ...
According to Thomas Paine, what is the definition of Deism?
{'text': 'the simple belief in God the Creator, with no reference to the Bible or any other miraculous source', 'answer_start': 147}
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generic
Political economy in anthropology is the application of the theories and methods of Historical Materialism to the traditional concerns of anthropology, including, but not limited to, non-capitalist societies. Political Economy introduced questions of history and colonialism to ahistorical anthropological theories of so...
Who were the original affluent society?
{'text': 'Hunter-gatherers', 'answer_start': 543}
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The 2008 Research Assessment Exercise returned 26% of the 1225 staff submitted as being world-leading (4*) and a further 47% as being internationally excellent (3*). The 2008 Research Assessment Exercise also showed five subjects – Pure Mathematics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Chemical Engineering, Civil Engineerin...
What percentage of Imperial's staff was deemed to be internationally excellent in 2008?
{'text': '47%', 'answer_start': 121}
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Napoleon's set of civil laws, the Code Civil—now often known as the Napoleonic Code—was prepared by committees of legal experts under the supervision of Jean Jacques Régis de Cambacérès, the Second Consul. Napoleon participated actively in the sessions of the Council of State that revised the drafts. The development of...
What was the contemporary term for the set of civil laws created by Napoleon?
{'text': 'the Code Civil', 'answer_start': 30}
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A noteworthy development in 20th-century Protestant Christianity was the rise of the modern Pentecostal movement. Sprung from Methodist and Wesleyan roots, it arose out of meetings at an urban mission on Azusa Street in Los Angeles. From there it spread around the world, carried by those who experienced what they belie...
What movement did Pentecostalism create?
{'text': 'the Charismatic movement', 'answer_start': 532}
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Many Indo-Aryan languages have aspirated stops. Sanskrit, Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, and Gujarati have a four-way distinction in stops: voiceless, aspirated, voiced, and breathy-voiced or voiced aspirated, such as /p pʰ b bʱ/. Punjabi has lost breathy-voiced consonants, which resulted in a tone system, and therefore has ...
What languages have unaspirated stops?
{'text': 'Indo-Aryan languages', 'answer_start': 5}
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generic
Strict separation of powers did not operate in The United Kingdom, the political structure of which served in most instances[citation needed] as a model for the government created by the U.S. Constitution.[citation needed] Under the UK Westminster system, based on parliamentary sovereignty and responsible government, P...
In the 18th century what function, besides President, did the Delaware President serve?
{'text': 'a member of the Court of Appeals', 'answer_start': 1395}
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A permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 – making New York the 12th oldest continuously occupied European-established settlement in the continental United States – with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island. In 1625, construction was started on a citadel and a Fort Ams...
On what island did the Dutch set up a settlement to trade furs?
{'text': 'Governors Island', 'answer_start': 241}
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A 2013 trans-genome study carried out by 30 geneticists, from 13 universities and academies, from 9 countries, assembling the largest data set available to date, for assessment of Ashkenazi Jewish genetic origins found no evidence of Khazar origin among Ashkenazi Jews. "Thus, analysis of Ashkenazi Jews together with a ...
How many geneticists carried out the 2013 trans-genome study?
{'text': '30 geneticists', 'answer_start': 41}
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Vowel length is not always considered a distinctive feature in Dutch phonology, because it normally co-occurs with changes in vowel quality. One feature or the other may be considered redundant, and some phonemic analyses prefer to treat it as an opposition of tenseness. However, even if not considered part of the phon...
Since vowel quality changes might be very slight between dialects, what's the main vowel feature used to differentiate them?
{'text': 'length', 'answer_start': 563}
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With the extension of Turkish dominion into the Balkans, the strategic conquest of Constantinople became a crucial objective. The empire had managed to control nearly all former Byzantine lands surrounding the city, but in 1402 the Byzantines were temporarily relieved when the Turco-Mongol leader Timur, founder of the ...
What leader invaded Anatolia from the east?
{'text': 'Timur', 'answer_start': 298}