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<s> [INST] What is the outlook for Kidney Dysplasia ?[/INST] The long-term outlook for a child with kidney dysplasia in only one kidney is generally good. A person with one working kidney, a condition called solitary kidney, can grow normally and may have few, if any, health problems. The affected kidn...
<s> [INST] What is the outlook for Kidney Dysplasia ?[/INST] The long-term outlook for a child with kidney dysplasia in both kidneys is different from the long-term outlook for a child with one dysplastic kidney. A child with kidney dysplasia in both kidneys - is more likely to develop CKD. - needs cl...
<s> [INST] What to do for Kidney Dysplasia ?[/INST] Researchers have not found that eating, diet, and nutrition play a role in causing or preventing kidney dysplasia.</s>
<s> [INST] What to do for Kidney Dysplasia ?[/INST] - Kidney dysplasia is a condition in which the internal structures of one or both of a fetus kidneys do not develop normally while in the womb. - Genetic factors can cause kidney dysplasia. - Genetic syndromes that affect multiple body systems can also cause kidney ...
<s> [INST] What is (are) What I need to know about Kidney Stones ?[/INST] A kidney* stone is a solid piece of material that forms in a kidney when there are high levels of certain substances in the urine. These substances are normally found in the urine and do not cause problems at lower levels. A ston...
<s> [INST] What is (are) What I need to know about Kidney Stones ?[/INST] The urinary tract is the bodys drainage system for removing wastes and extra water. The urinary tract includes two kidneys, two ureters, a bladder, and a urethra. The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist. They are loc...
<s> [INST] What causes What I need to know about Kidney Stones ?[/INST] Kidney stones are caused by high levels of calcium, oxalate, and phosphorus in the urine. Some foods may cause kidney stones in certain people. You may be more likely to get a kidney stone if you have - a condition that affects lev...
<s> [INST] What is (are) What I need to know about Kidney Stones ?[/INST] Doctors have found four main types of kidney stones: - The most common types of stones contain calcium. Calcium is a normal part of a healthy diet. Calcium that is not used by the bones and muscles goes to the kidneys. In most pe...
<s> [INST] What are the symptoms of What I need to know about Kidney Stones ?[/INST] You may have a kidney stone if you - have pain while urinating - see blood in your urine - feel a sharp pain in your back or lower abdomenthe area between your chest and hips The pain may last for a ...
<s> [INST] How to diagnose What I need to know about Kidney Stones ?[/INST] To diagnose kidney stones, your doctor will do a physical exam and ask about your medical history. The doctor may ask if you have a family history of kidney stones and about your diet, digestive problems, and other health problems. The doctor m...
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for What I need to know about Kidney Stones ?[/INST] The treatment for kidney stones usually depends on their size and what they are made of. Kidney stones may be treated by your regular doctor or by a urologista doctor who specializes in the urinary tract. You may need treatment if y...
<s> [INST] How to prevent What I need to know about Kidney Stones ?[/INST] To prevent kidney stones, you need to know what caused your kidney stone. Your doctor may ask you to try to catch the kidney stone as it passes in your urine. The kidney stone can then be sent to a lab to find out what type of stone it is. If yo...
<s> [INST] What to do for What I need to know about Kidney Stones ?[/INST] You can help prevent kidney stones by making changes in how much you consume of the following: - fluids - sodium - animal protein - calcium - oxalate Drinking enough fluids each day is the best way to help p...
<s> [INST] What to do for What I need to know about Kidney Stones ?[/INST] - A kidney stone is a solid piece of material that forms in a kidney when there are high levels of certain substances in the urine. These substances are normally found in the urine and do not cause problems at lower levels. - Kidney stones are ...
<s> [INST] What is (are) Porphyria ?[/INST] Porphyrias are rare disorders that affect mainly the skin or nervous system and may cause abdominal pain. These disorders are usually inherited, meaning they are caused by abnormalities in genes passed from parents to children. When a person has a porphyria, cells fail to cha...
<s> [INST] What is (are) Porphyria ?[/INST] Heme is a red pigment composed of iron linked to a chemical called protoporphyrin. Heme has important functions in the body. The largest amounts of heme are in the form of hemoglobin, found in red blood cells and bone marrow. Hemoglobin carries oxygen from the lungs to all pa...
<s> [INST] What is (are) Porphyria ?[/INST] Each of the eight types of porphyria corresponds to low levels of a specific enzyme in the heme biosynthetic pathway. Experts often classify porphyrias as acute or cutaneous based on the symptoms a person experiences: - Acute porphyrias affect the nervous sys...
<s> [INST] How many people are affected by Porphyria ?[/INST] The exact rates of porphyria are unknown and vary around the world. For example, porphyria cutanea tarda is most common in the United States, and variegate porphyria is most common in South America.1</s>
<s> [INST] What causes Porphyria ?[/INST] Most porphyrias are inherited disorders. Scientists have identified genes for all eight enzymes in the heme biosynthetic pathway. Most porphyrias result from inheriting an abnormal gene, also called a gene mutation, from one parent. Some porphyrias, such as congenital erythropo...
<s> [INST] What are the symptoms of Porphyria ?[/INST] Some people with porphyria-causing gene mutations have latent porphyria, meaning they have no symptoms of the disorder. Symptoms of cutaneous porphyrias include - oversensitivity to sunlight - blisters on exposed areas of the skin - itching and s...
<s> [INST] How to diagnose Porphyria ?[/INST] A health care provider diagnoses porphyria with blood, urine, and stool tests. These tests take place at a health care providers office or a commercial facility. A blood test involves drawing blood and sending the sample to a lab for analysis. For urine and stool tests, the...
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Porphyria ?[/INST] Treatment for porphyria depends on the type of porphyria the person has and the severity of the symptoms. Acute Porphyrias A health care provider treats acute porphyrias with heme or glucose loading to decrease the livers produc...
<s> [INST] What to do for Porphyria ?[/INST] People with an acute porphyria should eat a diet with an average-to-high level of carbohydrates. The recommended dietary allowance for carbohydrates is 130 g per day for adults and children 1 year of age or older; pregnant and breastfeeding women need higher intakes.2 People...
<s> [INST] What to do for Porphyria ?[/INST] - Porphyrias are rare disorders that affect mainly the skin or nervous system and may cause abdominal pain. - Each of the eight types of porphyria corresponds to low levels of a specific enzyme in the heme biosynthetic pathway. - The exact rates of porphyria are unknown an...
<s> [INST] What is (are) Causes of Diabetes ?[/INST] Diabetes is a complex group of diseases with a variety of causes. People with diabetes have high blood glucose, also called high blood sugar or hyperglycemia. Diabetes is a disorder of metabolismthe way the body uses digested food for energy. The dig...
<s> [INST] What causes Causes of Diabetes ?[/INST] Type 1 diabetes is caused by a lack of insulin due to the destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. In type 1 diabetesan autoimmune diseasethe bodys immune system attacks and destroys the beta cells. Normally, the immune system protects the body from...
<s> [INST] What causes Causes of Diabetes ?[/INST] Type 2 diabetesthe most common form of diabetesis caused by a combination of factors, including insulin resistance, a condition in which the bodys muscle, fat, and liver cells do not use insulin effectively. Type 2 diabetes develops when the body can no longer produce ...
<s> [INST] What causes Causes of Diabetes ?[/INST] Insulin Resistance and Beta Cell Dysfunction Hormones produced by the placenta and other pregnancy-related factors contribute to insulin resistance, which occurs in all women during late pregnancy. Insulin resistance increases the amount of insulin nee...
<s> [INST] What causes Causes of Diabetes ?[/INST] Other types of diabetes have a variety of possible causes. Genetic Mutations Affecting Beta Cells, Insulin, and Insulin Action Some relatively uncommon forms of diabetes known as monogenic diabetes are caused by mutations, or changes, ...
<s> [INST] What causes Causes of Diabetes ?[/INST] Other types of diabetes have a variety of possible causes. Genetic Mutations Affecting Beta Cells, Insulin, and Insulin Action Some relatively uncommon forms of diabetes known as monogenic diabetes are caused by mutations, or changes, ...
<s> [INST] What to do for Causes of Diabetes ?[/INST] - Diabetes is a complex group of diseases with a variety of causes. Scientists believe genes and environmental factors interact to cause diabetes in most cases. - People with diabetes have high blood glucose, also called high blood sugar or hyperglycemia. Diabetes ...
<s> [INST] What is (are) Diabetes, Heart Disease, and Stroke ?[/INST] Diabetes is a disorder of metabolismthe way our bodies use digested food for energy. Most of the food we eat is broken down into glucose, the form of sugar in the blood. Glucose is the body's main source of fuel. After digestion, glu...
<s> [INST] What is (are) Diabetes, Heart Disease, and Stroke ?[/INST] Prediabetes is a condition in which blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough for a diagnosis of diabetes. Prediabetes is also called impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance. Many people with prediabetes develop t...
<s> [INST] What is (are) Diabetes, Heart Disease, and Stroke ?[/INST] If you have diabetes, you are at least twice as likely as someone who does not have diabetes to have heart disease or a stroke. People with diabetes also tend to develop heart disease or have strokes at an earlier age than other people. If you are mi...
<s> [INST] What is (are) Diabetes, Heart Disease, and Stroke ?[/INST] If you have diabetes, you are at least twice as likely as someone who does not have diabetes to have heart disease or a stroke. People with diabetes also tend to develop heart disease or have strokes at an earlier age than other people. If you are mi...
<s> [INST] Who is at risk for Diabetes, Heart Disease, and Stroke? ?[/INST] Diabetes itself is a risk factor for heart disease and stroke. Also, many people with diabetes have other conditions that increase their chance of developing heart disease and stroke. These conditions are called risk factors. One risk factor fo...
<s> [INST] What is (are) Diabetes, Heart Disease, and Stroke ?[/INST] Metabolic syndrome is a grouping of traits and medical conditions that puts people at risk for both heart disease and type 2 diabetes. It is defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program as having any three of the following five traits and me...
<s> [INST] How to prevent Diabetes, Heart Disease, and Stroke ?[/INST] Even if you are at high risk for heart disease and stroke, you can help keep your heart and blood vessels healthy. You can do so by taking the following steps: - Make sure that your diet is "heart-healthy." Meet with a registered di...
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Diabetes, Heart Disease, and Stroke ?[/INST] You can keep track of the ABCs of diabetes to make sure your treatment is working. Talk with your health care provider about the best targets for you. A stands for A1C (a test that measures blood glucose control). Have ...
<s> [INST] What is (are) Diabetes, Heart Disease, and Stroke ?[/INST] Two major types of heart and blood vessel disease, also called cardiovascular disease, are common in people with diabetes: coronary artery disease (CAD) and cerebral vascular disease. People with diabetes are also at risk for heart failure. Narrowing...
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Diabetes, Heart Disease, and Stroke ?[/INST] Treatment for heart disease includes meal planning to ensure a heart-healthy diet and physical activity. In addition, you may need medications to treat heart damage or to lower your blood glucose, blood pressure, and cholesterol. If you...
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Diabetes, Heart Disease, and Stroke ?[/INST] At the first sign of a stroke, you should get medical care right away. If blood vessels to your brain are blocked by blood clots, the doctor can give you a "clot-busting" drug. The drug must be given soon after a stroke to be effective....
<s> [INST] What to do for Diabetes, Heart Disease, and Stroke ?[/INST] - If you have diabetes, you are at least twice as likely as other people to have heart disease or a stroke. - Controlling the ABCs of diabetesA1C (blood glucose), blood pressure, and cholesterol-can cut your risk of heart disease and stroke. - Cho...
<s> [INST] What to do for Diabetes, Heart Disease, and Stroke ?[/INST] - If you have diabetes, you are at least twice as likely as other people to have heart disease or a stroke. - Controlling the ABCs of diabetesA1C (blood glucose), blood pressure, and cholesterol-can cut your risk of heart disease and stroke. - Cho...
<s> [INST] What is (are) Diarrhea ?[/INST] Diarrhea is loose, watery stools. Having diarrhea means passing loose stools three or more times a day. Acute diarrhea is a common problem that usually lasts 1 or 2 days and goes away on its own. Diarrhea lasting more than 2 days may be a sign of a more seriou...
<s> [INST] What causes Diarrhea ?[/INST] Acute diarrhea is usually caused by a bacterial, viral, or parasitic infection. Chronic diarrhea is usually related to a functional disorder such as irritable bowel syndrome or an intestinal disease such as Crohns disease. The most common causes of diarrhea incl...
<s> [INST] What are the symptoms of Diarrhea ?[/INST] Diarrhea may be accompanied by cramping, abdominal pain, nausea, an urgent need to use the bathroom, or loss of bowel control. Some infections that cause diarrhea can also cause a fever and chills or bloody stools. Dehydration Diarr...
<s> [INST] How to diagnose Diarrhea ?[/INST] If acute diarrhea lasts 2 days or less, diagnostic tests are usually not necessary. If diarrhea lasts longer or is accompanied by symptoms such as fever or bloody stools, a doctor may perform tests to determine the cause. Diagnostic tests to find the cause o...
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Diarrhea ?[/INST] In most cases of diarrhea, the only treatment necessary is replacing lost fluids and electrolytes to prevent dehydration. Over-the-counter medicines such as loperamide (Imodium) and bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol and Kaopectate) may help sto...
<s> [INST] What to do for Diarrhea ?[/INST] Until diarrhea subsides, avoiding caffeine and foods that are greasy, high in fiber, or sweet may lessen symptoms. These foods can aggravate diarrhea. Some people also have problems digesting lactose during or after a bout of diarrhea. Yogurt, which has less lactose than milk...
<s> [INST] How to prevent Diarrhea ?[/INST] Two types of diarrhea can be preventedrotavirus diarrhea and travelers diarrhea. Rotavirus Diarrhea Two oral vaccines have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to protect children from rotavirus infections: rotavirus vaccine...
<s> [INST] What to do for Diarrhea ?[/INST] - Diarrhea is loose, watery stools. Having diarrhea means passing loose stools three or more times a day. - Diarrhea is a common problem that usually goes away on its own. - The most common causes of diarrhea include bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections; functional bo...
<s> [INST] What is (are) What I need to know about Preparing for Pregnancy if I Have Diabetes ?[/INST] If you have diabetes,* the best time to control your blood glucose, also called blood sugar, is before you get pregnant. High blood glucose levels can be harmful to your baby during the first weeks of pregnancyeven be...
<s> [INST] What to do for What I need to know about Preparing for Pregnancy if I Have Diabetes ?[/INST] - If you have diabetes, the best time to control your blood glucose, also called blood sugar, is before you get pregnant. High blood glucose levels can be harmful to your baby during the first weeks of pregnancyeven ...
<s> [INST] What is (are) Biliary Atresia ?[/INST] Biliary atresia is a life-threatening condition in infants in which the bile ducts inside or outside the liver do not have normal openings. Bile ducts in the liver, also called hepatic ducts, are tubes that carry bile from the liver to the gallbladder f...
<s> [INST] Who is at risk for Biliary Atresia? ?[/INST] Biliary atresia is rare and only affects about one out of every 18,000 infants.1 The disease is more common in females, premature babies, and children of Asian or African American heritage.</s>
<s> [INST] What are the symptoms of Biliary Atresia ?[/INST] The first symptom of biliary atresia is jaundicewhen the skin and whites of the eyes turn yellow. Jaundice occurs when the liver does not remove bilirubin, a reddish-yellow substance formed when hemoglobin breaks down. Hemoglobin is an iron-rich protein that ...
<s> [INST] What causes Biliary Atresia ?[/INST] Biliary atresia likely has multiple causes, though none are yet proven. Biliary atresia is not an inherited disease, meaning it does not pass from parent to child. Therefore, survivors of biliary atresia are not at risk for passing the disorder to their children. ...
<s> [INST] How to diagnose Biliary Atresia ?[/INST] No single test can definitively diagnose biliary atresia, so a series of tests is needed. All infants who still have jaundice 2 to 3 weeks after birth, or who have gray or white stools after 2 weeks of birth, should be checked for liver damage.2 Infan...
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Biliary Atresia ?[/INST] Biliary atresia is treated with surgery, called the Kasai procedure, or a liver transplant. Kasai Procedure The Kasai procedure, named after the surgeon who invented the operation, is usually the first treatment for biliar...
<s> [INST] What are the complications of Biliary Atresia ?[/INST] After the Kasai procedure, some infants continue to have liver problems and, even with the return of bile flow, some infants develop cirrhosis. Possible complications after the Kasai procedure include ascites, bacterial cholangitis, portal hypertension, ...
<s> [INST] What to do for Biliary Atresia ?[/INST] Infants with biliary atresia often have nutritional deficiencies and require special diets as they grow up. They may need a higher calorie diet, because biliary atresia leads to a faster metabolism. The disease also prevents them from digesting fats and can lead to pro...
<s> [INST] What to do for Biliary Atresia ?[/INST] - Biliary atresia is a life-threatening condition in infants in which the bile ducts inside or outside the liver do not have normal openings. - The first symptom of biliary atresia is jaundicewhen the skin and whites of the eyes turn yellow. Other symptoms include dar...
<s> [INST] What is (are) Pyelonephritis: Kidney Infection ?[/INST] Pyelonephritis is a type of urinary tract infection (UTI) that affects one or both kidneys.</s>
<s> [INST] What is (are) Pyelonephritis: Kidney Infection ?[/INST] The urinary tract is the bodys drainage system for removing wastes and extra water. The urinary tract includes two kidneys, two ureters, a bladder, and a urethra. The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist. They are located ne...
<s> [INST] What causes Pyelonephritis: Kidney Infection ?[/INST] Pyelonephritis is caused by a bacterium or virus infecting the kidneys. Though many bacteria and viruses can cause pyelonephritis, the bacterium Escherichia coli is often the cause. Bacteria and viruses can move to the kidneys from the bladder or can be c...
<s> [INST] Who is at risk for Pyelonephritis: Kidney Infection? ?[/INST] People most at risk for pyelonephritis are those who have a bladder infection and those with a structural, or anatomic, problem in the urinary tract. Urine normally flows only in one directionfrom the kidneys to the bladder. However, the flow of u...
<s> [INST] What are the symptoms of Pyelonephritis: Kidney Infection ?[/INST] Symptoms of pyelonephritis can vary depending on a persons age and may include the following: - fever - vomiting - back, side, and groin pain - chills - nausea - frequent, painful urination Children youn...
<s> [INST] What are the complications of Pyelonephritis: Kidney Infection ?[/INST] Most people with pyelonephritis do not have complications if appropriately treated with bacteria-fighting medications called antibiotics. In rare cases, pyelonephritis may cause permanent kidney scars, which can lead to ...
<s> [INST] How to diagnose Pyelonephritis: Kidney Infection ?[/INST] The tests used to diagnose pyelonephritis depend on the patients age, gender, and response to treatment and include the following: - Urinalysis. Urinalysis is testing of a urine sample. The urine sample is collected in a special conta...
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Pyelonephritis: Kidney Infection ?[/INST] Pyelonephritis is treated with antibiotics, which may need to be taken for several weeks. While a urine sample is sent to a lab for culture, the health care provider may begin treatment with an antibiotic that fights the most common types ...
<s> [INST] What to do for Pyelonephritis: Kidney Infection ?[/INST] Eating, diet, and nutrition have not been shown to play a role in causing or preventing pyelonephritis.</s>
<s> [INST] What to do for Pyelonephritis: Kidney Infection ?[/INST] - Pyelonephritis is a type of urinary tract infection that affects one or both kidneys. - Pyelonephritis is caused by a bacterium or virus infecting the kidneys. Though many bacteria and viruses can cause pyelonephritis, the bacterium Escherichia coli...
<s> [INST] What is (are) Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis ?[/INST] PSC is a disease that damages and blocks bile ducts inside and outside the liver. Bile is a liquid made in the liver. Bile ducts are tubes that carry bile out of the liver to the gallbladder and small intestine. In the intestine, bile helps break down fat...
<s> [INST] What causes Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis ?[/INST] The causes of PSC are not known. Genes, immune system problems, bacteria, and viruses may play roles in the development of the disease. PSC is linked to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). About three out of four people with PSC have a type o...
<s> [INST] Who is at risk for Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis? ?[/INST] Most people with PSC are adults but the disease also occurs in children. The average age at diagnosis is 40. PSC is more common in men than women. Having family members with PSC may increase a person's risk for developing PSC.</s>
<s> [INST] What are the symptoms of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis ?[/INST] The main symptoms of PSC are itching, fatigue, and yellowing of the skin or whites of the eyes. An infection in the bile ducts can cause chills and fever. PSC progresses slowly, so a person can have the disease for years before symptoms develop...
<s> [INST] What are the complications of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis ?[/INST] PSC can lead to various complications, including - deficiencies of vitamins A, D, E, and K - infections of the bile ducts - cirrhosisextensive scarring of the liver - liver failure - bile duct cancer</s>
<s> [INST] How to diagnose Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis ?[/INST] Blood tests to check levels of liver enzymes are the first step in diagnosing PSC. Doctors confirm the diagnosis using cholangiography, which provides pictures of the bile ducts. Cholangiography can be performed in the following ways: ...
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis ?[/INST] Although researchers have studied many treatments, none has been shown to cure or slow the progress of PSC. Treatment of PSC aims to relieve symptoms and manage complications. Medical treatment may include various medications to relieve itch...
<s> [INST] What to do for Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis ?[/INST] - Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) inflames, scars, and blocks bile ducts inside and outside the liver. - When bile ducts become blocked, bile builds up in the liver and damages liver cells. - PSC can lead to vitamin deficiencies, infections, bile ...
<s> [INST] What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ?[/INST] You already know you need to watch how much you drink. Any food that is liquid at room temperature also contains water. These foods include soup, Jell-O, and ice cream. Many fruits and vegetables contain lots of water, too. They i...
<s> [INST] What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ?[/INST] You already know you need to watch how much you drink. Any food that is liquid at room temperature also contains water. These foods include soup, Jell-O, and ice cream. Many fruits and vegetables contain lots of water, too. They i...
<s> [INST] What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ?[/INST] Potassium is a mineral found in many foods, especially milk, fruits, and vegetables. It affects how steadily your heart beats. Healthy kidneys keep the right amount of potassium in the blood to keep the heart beating at a steady p...
<s> [INST] What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ?[/INST] Potassium is a mineral found in many foods, especially milk, fruits, and vegetables. It affects how steadily your heart beats. Healthy kidneys keep the right amount of potassium in the blood to keep the heart beating at a steady p...
<s> [INST] What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ?[/INST] Phosphorus is a mineral found in many foods. If you have too much phosphorus in your blood, it pulls calcium from your bones. Losing calcium will make your bones weak and likely to break. Also, too much phosphorus may make your sk...
<s> [INST] What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ?[/INST] Phosphorus is a mineral found in many foods. If you have too much phosphorus in your blood, it pulls calcium from your bones. Losing calcium will make your bones weak and likely to break. Also, too much phosphorus may make your sk...
<s> [INST] What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ?[/INST] Before you were on dialysis, your doctor may have told you to follow a low-protein diet. Being on dialysis changes this. Most people on dialysis are encouraged to eat as much high-quality protein as they can. Protein helps you kee...
<s> [INST] What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ?[/INST] Before you were on dialysis, your doctor may have told you to follow a low-protein diet. Being on dialysis changes this. Most people on dialysis are encouraged to eat as much high-quality protein as they can. Protein helps you kee...
<s> [INST] What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ?[/INST] Sodium is found in salt and other foods. Most canned foods and frozen dinners contain large amounts of sodium. Too much sodium makes you thirsty. But if you drink more fluid, your heart has to work harder to pump the fluid through...
<s> [INST] What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ?[/INST] Sodium is found in salt and other foods. Most canned foods and frozen dinners contain large amounts of sodium. Too much sodium makes you thirsty. But if you drink more fluid, your heart has to work harder to pump the fluid through...
<s> [INST] What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ?[/INST] Calories provide energy for your body. If your doctor recommends it, you may need to cut down on the calories you eat. A dietitian can help you plan ways to cut calories in the best possible way. Some people on di...
<s> [INST] What is (are) Kidney Failure: Eat Right to Feel Right on Hemodialysis ?[/INST] Calories provide energy for your body. If your doctor recommends it, you may need to cut down on the calories you eat. A dietitian can help you plan ways to cut calories in the best possible way. Some people on di...
<s> [INST] What is (are) Ectopic Kidney ?[/INST] An ectopic kidney is a birth defect in which a kidney is located below, above, or on the opposite side of its usual position. About one in 900 people has an ectopic kidney.1</s>
<s> [INST] What is (are) Ectopic Kidney ?[/INST] The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs, each about the size of a fist. They are located near the middle of the back, just below the rib cage, one on each side of the spine. Every minute, a persons kidneys filter about 3 ounces of blood, removing wastes and extra water. T...
<s> [INST] What causes Ectopic Kidney ?[/INST] During fetal development, a babys kidneys first appear as buds inside the pelvisthe bowl-shaped bone that supports the spine and holds up the digestive, urinary, and reproductive organsnear the bladder. As the kidneys develop, they move gradually toward their usual positio...
<s> [INST] What are the symptoms of Ectopic Kidney ?[/INST] An ectopic kidney may not cause any symptoms and may function normally, even though it is not in its usual position. Many people have an ectopic kidney and do not discover it until they have tests done for other reasons. Sometimes, a health care provider may d...
<s> [INST] What are the complications of Ectopic Kidney ?[/INST] Possible complications of an ectopic kidney include problems with urine drainage from that kidney. Sometimes, urine can even flow backwards from the bladder to the kidney, a problem called vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). More information about VUR is provide...
<s> [INST] How to diagnose Ectopic Kidney ?[/INST] A health care provider may use one or more of the following imaging tests to diagnose an ectopic kidney: - Ultrasound. An ultrasound uses a device, called a transducer, that bounces safe, painless sound waves off organs to create an image of their stru...
<s> [INST] What are the treatments for Ectopic Kidney ?[/INST] No treatment for an ectopic kidney is needed if urinary function is normal and no blockage of the urinary tract is present. If tests show an obstruction, surgery may be needed to correct the position of the kidney to allow for better draina...