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10656057 | Gastrointestinal tolerance of gamma-cyclodextrin in humans. | The gastrointestinal tolerance of gamma-cyclodextrin (gamma-CD) was examined in 24 healthy human volunteers. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized cross-over study, single acute doses of 8 g maltodextrin (placebo) or 8 g gamma-CD (test) were consumed as a mid-morning snack after addition to 100 g yogurt. Ga... |
10597655 | The impact of capillary electrophoresis in drug analysis and bioanalysis. | Capillary electrophoresis (CE) has penetrated a wide variety of areas of separation science during the last ten years. The relative strengths and weaknesses of this technique are here overviewed, by citing the most recent literature and updated Medline search, keeping an eye on technology news, as technology and the de... |
10563205 | [Supramolecular complexes of polyethylene glycol-alpha-Chymotrypsin covalent and noncovalent adducts with polyoxyethylene-modified cyclo dextrins]. | Complexes of covalent and noncovalent adducts of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and alpha-chymotrypsin (ChT), PEG-ChT, were generated in the presence of beta-cyclodextrin derivatives of polyoxyethylene (beta CD-PEO), and their thermal stability was studied. The covalent [PEG-ChT]c conjugates were obtained by chemical modifi... |
10552584 | Stabilization of the avicide 3-chloro-p-toluidine as the beta-cyclodextrin adduct. | Stabilization of the avicide 3-chloro-p-toluidine (CPTH) on rice baits by pseudo latex polymeric coating and beta-cyclodextin inclusion was investigated. When CPTH-treated rice baits were exposed to sunlight, the CPTH formed colored compounds, which exacerbated problems with bait acceptance and efficacy. Fluidized bed ... |
10482010 | Incorporation of linoleic acid by cultured human keratinocytes. | Linoleic acid is required for the formation and maintenance of the epidermal barrier, but most of the current in vitro keratinocyte culture systems are linoleic acid-deficient. The aim of the present study was to examine the efficiency of linoleic acid uptake in human keratinocyte cultures grown under submerged and air... |
10484661 | Nitric oxide biosynthesis, nitric oxide synthase inhibitors and arginase competition for L-arginine utilization. | Nitric oxide (NO) is a recently discovered mediator produced by mammalian cells. It plays a key role in neurotransmission, control of blood pressure, and cellular defense mechanisms. Nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) catalyze the oxidation of L-arginine to NO and L-citrulline. NOSs are unique enzymes in that they possess o... |
10477184 | Characterisation of a polymorphic Tc1-like transposable element of the parasitic nematode Haemonchus contortus. | Hctc1, a member of the Tc1-family of transposable elements was isolated from the parasitic nematode Haemonchus contortus. Hctc1 is 1590 bp long, is flanked by 55 bp inverted repeats and carries a single open reading frame of a 340 amino acid transposase-like protein. Hctc1 is similar to Tc1 of Caenorhabditis elegans an... |
10472800 | Rapid reduction of MDCK cell cholesterol by methyl-beta-cyclodextrin alters steady state transepithelial electrical resistance. | The role of plasma membrane lipids in regulating the passage of ions and other solutes through the paracellular pathway remains controversial. In this study we explore the contribution of cholesterol (CH) in maintaining the barrier function of an epithelial cell line using the CH-solubilizing agent methyl beta-cyclodex... |
10459298 | [Injuries due to falls from a great height. A comparative analysis of injuries and their outcome following suicide-related and accidental falls]. | The aim of this study was to compare the outcome and clinical course of multiple trauma patients with accidental or intentional (suicide related) fall from heights > 4 m. 211 patients with an injury severity score (ISS) > 17 were assigned to the following groups: I: intentional fall, n = 94; A: accidental fall, n = 117... |
10457494 | Factors affecting selectivity of inorganic anions in capillary electrophoresis. | Capillary zone electrophoretic separations of inorganic anions are largely governed by the intrinsic (infinite dilution) mobility of the anion. This in turn is a function of the hydrodynamic friction caused by the size of the ion and the dielectric friction caused by the charge density of the anion re-orienting the sur... |
10457484 | Determination of sodium and ammonium ions in disproportionate concentration ratios by ion chromatography. | In ion chromatography, samples of very different ammonium-to-sodium concentration ratios are difficult to quantify since these two cations have similar selectivities for stationary phases containing commonly used sulfonate or carboxylate cation-exchange functional groups. The IonPac CS15 cation-exchange column, with ca... |
10457483 | Simultaneous separation of common mono- and divalent cations on silica gel modified with aluminium by non-suppressed ion chromatography with conductimetric detection and nitric acid-15-crown-5 as eluent. | The modification of silica gel with aluminium by a coating method was very effective for the preparation of silica-based stationary phases which acted as a cation exchanger under strongly acidic conditions. However, the separation of common mono- and divalent cations (Li+, Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+) on an aluminium-... |
10457468 | Simultaneous determination of anions and cations by ion-exclusion chromatography-cation-exchange chromatography with tartaric acid/18-crown-6 as eluent. | Ion-exclusion chromatography-cation-exchange chromatography was developed for the simultaneous separation of common inorganic anions and cations (Cl-, NO3- and SO4(2-); Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+) on a weakly acidic cation-exchange column by elution with weak acid. Generally, the resolution among these monovalent cat... |
10457455 | Enantiomeric separation of D- and L-carnitine by integrating on-line derivatization with capillary zone electrophoresis. | A new capillary zone electrophoretic method has been developed for the enantiomeric separation and quantification of enantiomers of carnitine, D- and L-carnitine were derivatized with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate in a flow system, working on-line with the capillary electrophoretic equipment. The separation was perfo... |
10455257 | Inhibition of gelatinase activity in human airway epithelial cells and fibroblasts by dexamethasone and beclomethasone. | The effects of dexamethasone and beclomethasone on gelatinase activity released from lung epithelial cells (A549, NCI-H292 and Calu-3 cell lines and NHBE primary cultures) and human lung fibroblasts (HLF) were investigated. All cells spontaneously released gelatin-degrading activity but the amounts were unaffected by t... |
10390540 | Packaging of DNA by shell crosslinked nanoparticles. | We demonstrate compaction of DNA with nanoscale biomimetic constructs which are robust synthetic analogs of globular proteins. These constructs are approximately 15 nm in diameter, shell crosslinked knedel-like (SCKs) nanoparticles, which are prepared by covalent stabilization of amphiphilic di-block co-polymer micelle... |
10450942 | Complex formation between the anionic polymer (PAA) and a cationic drug (procaine HCI): characterization by microcalorimetric studies. | <h4>Purpose</h4>Due to the importance of drug-polymer interactions in, inter alia, drug loading/release, supramolecular assemblies and DNA delivery for gene therapy, the aim of this study was therefore to establish the mechanism of interaction between a model polymer (Polyacrylic acid, PAA) and a model drug (procaine H... |
10448951 | Enantiomeric resolution of galanthamine and related drugs used in anti-Alzheimer therapy by means of capillary zone electrophoresis employing derivatized cyclodextrin selectors. | An analytical assay is presented for the determination of the enantiomeric composition of galanthamine and related synthetic and natural compounds. (-)-Galanthamine is isolated from Galanthus nivalis and is used in this optical pure form in the therapy of Alzheimer's disease. Recent efforts for a total synthesis of uni... |
10445333 | Capillary electrophoresis enantioseparation of drugs using beta-cyclodextrin polymer: intramolecular synergistic effect. | Enantiomers of eight basic compounds of pharmaceutical interest were studied by capillary electrophoresis (CE) using a soluble cyclodextrin (CD) polymer and native CD as chiral selectors. The effects of the polymer concentration and the pH of the buffer solution on resolution were examined. It was found that the beta-C... |
10445331 | Study of interaction between drug enantiomers and serum albumin by capillary electrophoresis. | The interaction between drugs and human serum albumin (HSA) was investigated by capillary electrophoresis (CE). It involves stereoselectivity, drug displacement and synergism effects. Under protein-drug binding equilibrium, the unbound concentrations of drug enantiomers were measured by frontal analysis (FA). The stere... |
10445330 | Separation of drugs by capillary electrophoresis, Part 10. Permethyl-alpha-cyclodextrin as chiral solvating agent. | Following the German-Chinese Drug Screening Program, 86 racemic drugs were investigated in capillary zone electrophoresis in the presence of the chiral solvating agent (CSA) hexakis-(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-alpha-cyclodextrin (TM-alpha-CD). Of the 86 drugs, 23 were separated into enantiomeric pairs. A comparison of the mig... |
10440998 | Unraveling the effect of changes in conformation and compactness at the antibody V(L)-V(H) interface upon antigen binding. | We have analyzed conformational changes that occur at the interface between the light (V(L)) and heavy (V(H)) chains in antibody variable fragments upon binding to antigens. We wrote and applied the Tiny Probe program that computes the buried atomic contact surface area of three-dimensional structures to evaluate chang... |
10440997 | Construction and characterization of two anti-sweetener single chain antibodies using radioligand binding, fluorescence and circular dichroism spectroscopy. | Two single-chain antibodies (scFv) that bind the superpotent sweetener ligand, NC-174, were generated from mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAb) NC6.8 (IgG, kappa) and NC10.14 (IgG, lambda). These scFv were constructed by cloning the variable region sequences of the mAb, connecting them in tandem with a 25-amino-acid polyp... |
10440996 | Interference of rheumatoid factor activity by aspartame, a dipeptide methyl ester. | Circulating autoimmune complexes of IgM rheumatoid factors (RF) bound to the Fc portions of normal, polyclonal IgG antibodies are frequently present in humans with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The sweet tasting methyl ester of L-Asp-L-Phe (aspartame or APM) was found to relieve pain and improve joint mobility in subjects... |
10440995 | Evidence for conformationally different states of interleukin-10: binding of a neutralizing antibody enhances accessibility of a hidden epitope. | We present the mapping of two anti-human interleukin-10 (hIL-10) antibodies (CB/RS/2 and CB/RS/11) which have been described as binding their antigen cooperatively. The epitopes were identified using hIL-10-derived overlapping peptide scans prepared by spot synthesis. To identify residues essential for binding within t... |
10440994 | Comparative molecular modeling analysis of-5-amidinoindole and benzamidine binding to thrombin and trypsin: specific H-bond formation contributes to high 5-amidinoindole potency and selectivity for thrombin and factor Xa. | The coagulation cascade enzymes thrombin and factor Xa are known to have specificity pockets very similar to those of trypsin and plasmin. However, comparative molecular modeling analysis of the crystal structures of benzamidine-thrombin and benzamidine-trypsin, in conjunction with a docking analysis of 5-amidinoindole... |
10440993 | On the protein-protein diffusional encounter complex. | When two proteins diffuse together to form a bound complex, an intermediate is formed at the end-point of diffusional association which is called the encounter complex. Its characteristics are important in determining association rates, yet its structure cannot be directly observed experimentally. Here, we address the ... |
10440992 | A model for a glutamate receptor agonist antibody-binding site. | A combination of mutagenesis, computer modeling and immunoreactivity has been used to develop a structural model of a segment of the glutamate receptor (GluR), termed GluR3B, which is bound by receptor-activating autoantibodies. In this model, the GluR3B epitope is located in a reverse hairpin loop that places key resi... |
10432280 | Molecular mimicry of human cytochrome P450 by hepatitis C virus at the level of cytotoxic T cell recognition. | Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) type 2, which is defined by the presence of type I antiliver kidney microsome autoantibodies directed mainly against cytochrome P450 (CYP)2D6 and by autoreactive liver infiltrating T cells. Virus-specific CD8(+) cytotoxi... |
10429675 | Structure of human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA)-Cw4, a ligand for the KIR2D natural killer cell inhibitory receptor. | The crystal structure of the human class I major histocompatibility complex molecule, human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA)-Cw4, the ligand for a natural killer (NK) cell inhibitory receptor, has been determined, complexed with a nonameric consensus peptide (QYDDAVYKL). Relative to HLA-A2, the peptide bindin... |
10425111 | Importance of the aromatic residue at position 6 of [Nle(10)]neurokinin A(4-10) for binding to the NK-2 receptor and receptor activation. | Steric and electrostatic requirements at position 6 of [Nle(10)]NKA(4-10), a full agonist of NK-2 receptors, for molecular recognition by the receptor were studied. Two series of peptide analogues, (a) p-substituted analogues, [p-X-Phe(6), Nle(10)]NKA(4-10), where X = F, Cl, Br, I, NH(2), NO(2), and (b) [D-Phe(6),Nle(1... |
10425682 | Interlocked mismatch-aligned arrowhead DNA motifs. | <h4>Background</h4>Triplet repeat sequences are of considerable biological importance as the expansion of such tandem arrays can lead to the onset of a range of human diseases. Such sequences can self-pair via mismatch alignments to form higher order structures that have the potential to cause replication blocks, follo... |
10425602 | Selective assembly of cyclodextrins on poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide) block copolymers. | This paper presents a computational study on the formation of a molecular necklace formed by specific threading of cyclodextrins (CDs) on block copolymers. Structural as well as energetic principles for the selective complexation of alpha- and beta-cyclodextrin with poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide) block copo... |
10423147 | Expression, assembly competence and antigenic properties of hepatitis B virus core gene deletion variants from infected liver cells. | Previous studies have shown that the progression of hepatitis B virus-related liver disease in long-term immunosuppressed kidney transplant recipients is associated with the accumulation of virus variants carrying in-frame deletions in the central part of the core gene. A set of naturally occurring core protein variant... |
10423136 | Covalent interactions are not required to permit or stabilize the non-covalent association of hepatitis C virus glycoproteins E1 and E2. | Hepatitis C virus (HCV) encodes two glycoproteins, E1 and E2, which are thought to locate to the envelope of virus particles. These proteins form two complexes in tissue culture systems, a high molecular mass aggregate that contains intermolecular covalent bonds and a native complex in which E1 and E2 associate by non-... |
10422836 | A new protein folding screen: application to the ligand binding domains of a glutamate and kainate receptor and to lysozyme and carbonic anhydrase. | Production of folded and biologically active protein from Escherichia coli derived inclusion bodies can only be accomplished if a scheme exists for in vitro naturation. Motivated by the need for a rapid and statistically meaningful method of determining and evaluating protein folding conditions, we have designed a new ... |
10422831 | Relating structure to thermodynamics: the crystal structures and binding affinity of eight OppA-peptide complexes. | The oligopeptide-binding protein OppA provides a useful model system for studying the physical chemistry underlying noncovalent interactions since it binds a variety of readily synthesized ligands. We have studied the binding of eight closely related tripeptides of the type Lysine-X-Lysine, where X is an abnormal amino... |
10413475 | Role of helix-helix interactions in assembly of the bacteriorhodopsin lattice. | The purple membrane of Halobacterium salinarium is a two-dimensional lattice of lipids and the integral membrane protein bacteriorhodopsin (BR). To determine whether helix-helix interactions within the membrane core stabilize this complex, we substituted amino acid residues at the helix-helix interface between BR monom... |
10413462 | The mobility of an HIV-1 integrase active site loop is correlated with catalytic activity. | Replication of HIV-1 requires the covalent integration of the viral cDNA into the host chromosomal DNA directed by the virus-encoded integrase protein. Here we explore the importance of a protein surface loop near the integrase active site using protein engineering and X-ray crystallography. We have redetermined the st... |
10413497 | Molecular recognition of adenophostin, a very potent Ca2+ inducer, at the D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor. | The recognition mode of adenophostin A at the D-myo-inositol 1,4, 5-trisphosphate [Ins(1,4,5)P(3)] receptor was investigated. Comparison of conformations of Ins(1,4,5)P(3) and adenophostin A by using the combination of NMR and molecular mechanics (MM) calculations demonstrated that adenophostin A adopted a moderately e... |
10411937 | A heterozygous mutation of beta-actin associated with neutrophil dysfunction and recurrent infection. | A human disorder caused by mutation in nonmuscle actin has not been reported. We report here a variant of nonmuscle actin in a female patient with recurrent infections, photosensitivity, and mental retardation. She also had abnormalities in neutrophil chemotaxis, superoxide production, and membrane potential response. ... |
10411890 | Three-dimensional structure of low density lipoproteins by electron cryomicroscopy. | Human low density lipoproteins (LDL) are the major cholesterol carriers in the blood. Elevated concentration of LDL is a major risk factor for atherosclerotic disease. Purified LDL particles appear heterogeneous in images obtained with a 400-kV electron cryomicroscope. Using multivariate statistical and cluster analyse... |
10411877 | Guest exchange in an encapsulation complex: a supramolecular substitution reaction. | Encapsulation complexes are reversibly formed assemblies in which small molecule guests are completely surrounded by large molecule hosts. The assemblies are held together by weak intermolecular forces and are dynamic: they form and dissipate on time scales ranging from milliseconds to days-long enough for many interac... |
10411489 | Characterization of "mini-nucleotides" as P2X receptor agonists in rat cardiomyocyte cultures. An integrated synthetic, biochemical, and theoretical study. | The design and synthesis of "mini-nucleotides", based on a xanthine-alkyl phosphate scaffold, are described. The physiological effects of the new compounds were evaluated in rat cardiac cell culture regarding Ca(2+) elevation and contractility. The results indicate biochemical and physiological profiles similar to thos... |
10409698 | Cholesterol-dependent localization of NAP-22 on a neuronal membrane microdomain (raft). | A membrane microdomain called raft has been under extensive study since the assembly of various signal-transducing molecules into this region has been envisaged. This domain is isolated as a low buoyant membrane fraction after the extraction with a nonionic detergent such as Triton X-100. The characteristic low density... |
10411465 | Functionalized congeners of 1,4-dihydropyridines as antagonist molecular probes for A3 adenosine receptors. | 4-Phenylethynyl-6-phenyl-1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives are selective antagonists at human A3 adenosine receptors, with Ki values in a radioligand binding assay vs [125I]AB-MECA [N(6)-(4-amino-3-iodobenzyl)-5'-N-methylcarbamoyl-adenosine] in the submicromolar range. In this study, functionalized congeners of 1,4-dihyd... |
10411459 | Conjugation, immunoreactivity, and immunogenicity of calix[4]arenes; model study to potential calix[4]arene-based Ac3+ chelators. | For the development of calix[4]arene-based radiotherapeutic agents, the conjugation to biomolecules and immunogenicity in mice of potential 225Ac3+-chelating calix[4]arenes were studied. A calix[4]arene triethyl ester isothiocyanate and a bis(calix[4]arene) hexacarboxylic acid, containing a masked thiol functionality, ... |
10407081 | Molecular recognition of concanavalin A on mannoside diacetylene lipid monolayer at the air-water interface. | The interaction of p-10,12-pentacosadiyne-1-n-phenylamide alpha-D-mannopyranoside (MPDA) with protein concanavalin A (Con A) was studied at the air/water interface. The expansion of molecular area of PDA (10,12-pentacosadiynoic acid)/MPDA mixed monolayer after injection of Con A in subphase shows strong interaction bet... |
10406811 | Repressor binding to a dorsal regulatory site traps human eIF4E in a high cap-affinity state. | Eukaryotic translation initiation involves recognition of the 5' end of cellular mRNA by the cap-binding complex known as eukaryotic initiation factor 4F (eIF4F). Initiation is a key point of regulation in gene expression in response to mechanisms mediated by signal transduction pathways. We have investigated the molec... |
10408394 | Water-soluble aluminium phthalocyanine-polymer conjugates for PDT: photodynamic activities and pharmacokinetics in tumour-bearing mice. | The potential use of unsubstituted aluminium phthalocyanine (AlClPc) as a sensitizer for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer has not been fully exploited in spite of its higher efficiency as compared to the sulphonated derivatives. This is largely due to the strong hydrophobic character of AlClPc which renders the mat... |
10405606 | Rapid determination of aspartate enantiomers in tissue samples by microdialysis coupled on-line with capillary electrophoresis. | Microdialysis was coupled on-line with derivatization by o-phthalaldehyde and beta-mercaptoethanol and optically gated capillary electrophoresis to determine D- and L-aspartate in tissue samples obtained from rats. The microdialysis probe was inserted into a homogenized tissue sample which allowed generation of a conti... |
10404975 | Analysis of interaction between chaperonin GroEL and its substrate using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. | Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) provides information about translational diffusion properties of fluorescent molecules in tiny detection volume and allows the analysis of binding processes of biomolecules in homogeneous solution. In this study, FCS was used to measure equilibrium binding constants of disulf... |
10403523 | Cell cycle-dependent distribution and specific inhibitory effect of vectorized antisense oligonucleotides in cell culture. | Factors limiting the use of antisense phosphodiester oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) as therapeutic agents are inefficient cellular uptake and intracellular transport to RNA target. To overcome these obstacles, ODN carriers have been developed, but the intracellular fate of ODNs is controversial and strongly depends on th... |
10400593 | Mutagenesis of the Agrobacterium VirE2 single-stranded DNA-binding protein identifies regions required for self-association and interaction with VirE1 and a permissive site for hybrid protein construction. | The VirE2 single-stranded DNA-binding protein (SSB) of Agrobacterium tumefaciens is required for delivery of T-DNA to the nuclei of susceptible plant cells. By yeast two-hybrid and immunoprecipitation analyses, VirE2 was shown to self-associate and to interact with VirE1. VirE2 mutants with small deletions or insertion... |
10398676 | Developments in fungal taxonomy. | Fungal infections, especially those caused by opportunistic species, have become substantially more common in recent decades. Numerous species cause human infections, and several new human pathogens are discovered yearly. This situation has created an increasing interest in fungal taxonomy and has led to the developmen... |
10398673 | Molecular basis of the interaction of Salmonella with the intestinal mucosa. | Salmonella is one of the most extensively characterized bacterial pathogens and is a leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis. Despite this, we are only just beginning to understand at a molecular level how Salmonella interacts with its mammalian hosts to cause disease. Studies during the past decade on the genetic b... |
10395802 | Characterization of a novel chromo domain gene in xp22.3 with homology to Drosophila msl-3. | The Drosophila male-specific lethal (MSL) genes regulate transcription from the male X chromosome in a dosage compensation pathway that equalizes X-linked gene expression in males and females. The members of this gene family, including msl-1, msl-2, msl-3, mle, and mof, encode proteins with no sequence homology. Howeve... |
10395908 | A sequence with homology to human HPFH-linked enhancer elements and to a family of G-protein linked membrane receptor genes is located downstream of the chicken beta-globin locus. | We report 5805bp of novel sequence (GenBank/EMBL Accession No. AJ012570) from a region starting approx. 11.5kb downstream of the chicken beta-globin locus (map position approx. +30.8 to +36.6kb), which contains a 945bp open reading frame (map position approx. +33 to +33.9kb). This is predicted to encode a 315-residue p... |
10395900 | Expression of plastocyanin and cytochrome f of the cyanobacterium Phormidium laminosum in Escherichia coli and Paracoccus denitrificans and the role of leader peptides. | The gene for plastocyanin from the cyanobacterium Phormidium laminosum was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli. Expression of the gene for cytochrome f resulted in the production of holocytochrome f in the periplasmic space of E. coli, but the yield was low. Expression in Paracoccus denitrificans yielded no holo... |
10397755 | Assembly of a novel cartilage matrix protein filamentous network: molecular basis of differential requirement of von Willebrand factor A domains. | Cartilage matrix protein (CMP) is the prototype of the newly discovered matrilin family, all of which contain von Willebrand factor A domains. Although the function of matrilins remain unclear, we have shown that, in primary chondrocyte cultures, CMP (matrilin-1) forms a filamentous network, which is made up of two typ... |
10397852 | Application of factorial designs for optimization of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase production from Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumoniae AS-22. | Production of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase) from Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumoniae AS-22 was optimized in shake flasks using a statistical experimental design approach. Effect of various components in the basal medium, like carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and mineral sources as well as initial pH and temperatu... |
10395744 | Hydroperoxidase activity of lipoxygenase in the presence of cyclodextrins. | The oxidation of xenobiotics by the hydroperoxidase activity of lipoxygenase in the presence of cyclodextrins was studied. These produced an inhibitory effect on xenobiotics oxidation, based on their degree of hydrophobicity and the charge (isoproterenol < 4-methyl-catechol (4MC) < 4-tert-butylcatechol (TBC) < 4-tert-o... |
10393922 | RecA polymerization on double-stranded DNA by using single-molecule manipulation: the role of ATP hydrolysis. | The polymerization of RecA on individual double-stranded DNA molecules is studied. A linear DNA (lambda DNA, 48.5 Kb), anchored at one end to a cover glass and at the other end to an optically trapped 3-micrometers diameter polystyrene bead, serves as a template. The elongation caused by RecA assembly is measured in th... |
10393916 | Self-assembly of helical ribbons. | The self-assembly of helical ribbons is examined in a variety of multicomponent enantiomerically pure systems that contain a bile salt or a nonionic detergent, a phosphatidylcholine or a fatty acid, and a steroid analog of cholesterol. In almost all systems, two different pitch types of helical ribbons are observed: hi... |
10393909 | Selective interaction of the C2 domains of phospholipase C-beta1 and -beta2 with activated Galphaq subunits: an alternative function for C2-signaling modules. | Phospholipase C (PLC)-beta1 and PLC-beta2 are regulated by the Gq family of heterotrimeric G proteins and contain C2 domains. These domains are Ca2+-binding modules that serve as membrane-attachment motifs in a number of signal transduction proteins. To determine the role that C2 domains play in PLC-beta1 and PLC-beta2... |
10390637 | The cellulosome concept as an efficient microbial strategy for the degradation of insoluble polysaccharides. | The cellulosome is an extracellular supramolecular machine that can efficiently degrade crystalline cellulosic substrates and associated plant cell wall polysaccharides. The cellulosome arrangement can also promote adhesion to the insoluble substrate, thus providing individual microbial cells with a direct competitive ... |
10390390 | Increased plasma levels of adrenomedullin in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome. | We measured the plasma levels of adrenomedullin (AM), a novel vasodilating peptide, in 89 patients with various forms of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and 13 healthy volunteers serving as controls. Plasma levels of AM in SIRS (burns: 20.5 +/- 3. 2 fmol/ml [mean +/- SEM]; pancreatitis: 13.8 +/- 3.8 fmol... |
10393563 | An investigation into the supramolecular structure of ternary gel systems using oscillatory rheometry, microscopy, and low frequency dielectric spectroscopy. | A series of ternary gel systems based on cetostearyl alcohol (CSA) and cetomacrogol 1000 or sodium lauryl sulfate have been studied using oscillatory rheology, differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy, cryoscanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM), and low-frequency dielectric analysis in order to elucidate th... |
10390346 | Spermidine-induced aggregation of nucleosome core particles: evidence for multiple liquid crystalline phases. | We investigate the effect of the addition of a trivalent cation, spermidine, to dilute solutions of nucleosome core particles (NCP). In the presence of spermidine, part of the NCP segregates from the initial homogeneous solution, forming dense aggregates. We follow this precipitation process over a wide range of spermi... |
10393200 | Regulation of DNA replication by iterons: an interaction between the ori2 and incC regions mediated by RepE-bound iterons inhibits DNA replication of mini-F plasmid in Escherichia coli. | In bacteria, plasmids and some DNA viruses, DNA replication is initiated and regulated by binding of initiator proteins to repetitive sequences. To understand the control mechanism we used the plasmid mini-F, whose copy number is stringently maintained in Escherichia coli, mainly by its initiator protein RepE and the i... |
10393100 | Peptidase activity of beta-lactamases. | Although beta-lactamases have generally been considered as being devoid of peptidase activity, a low but significant hydrolysis of various N-acylated dipeptides was observed with representatives of each class of beta-lactamases. The kcat/Km values were below 0.1 M(-1). s(-1), but the enzyme rate enhancement factors wer... |
10393091 | Lipoprotein cholesterol uptake mediates up-regulation of bile-acid synthesis by increasing cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase but not sterol 27-hydroxylase gene expression in cultured rat hepatocytes. | Lipoproteins may supply substrate for the formation of bile acids, and the amount of hepatic cholesterol can regulate bile-acid synthesis and increase cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase expression. However, the effect of lipoprotein cholesterol on sterol 27-hydroxylase expression and the role of different lipoproteins in r... |
10393078 | The mitochondrial permeability transition pore and its role in cell death. | This article reviews the involvement of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in necrotic and apoptotic cell death. The pore is formed from a complex of the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), the adenine nucleotide translocase and cyclophilin-D (CyP-D) at contact sites between the mitochondrial outer and ... |
10388568 | Characterization of the binding interface between ubiquitin and class I human ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 2b by multidimensional heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy in solution. | Ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (Ubc) are involved in ubiquitination of proteins in the protein degradation pathway of eukaryotic cells. Ubc transfers the ubiquitin (Ub) molecules to target proteins by forming a thioester bond between their active site cysteine residue and the C-terminal glycine residue of ubiquitin. Her... |
10388554 | Display of epitopes on the surface of tobacco mosaic virus: impact of charge and isoelectric point of the epitope on virus-host interactions. | The biophysical properties of the tobacco mosaic tobamovirus (TMV) coat protein (CP) make it possible to display foreign peptides on the surface of TMV. The immunogenic epitopes G5-24 from the rabies virus (RV) glycoprotein, and 5B19 from murine hepatitis virus (MHV) S-glycoprotein were successfully displayed on the su... |
10388785 | Dynamin: possible mechanism of "Pinchase" action. | Dynamin is a GTPase playing an essential role in ubiquitous intra cellular processes involving separation of vesicles from plasma membranes and membranes of cellular compartments. Recent experimental progress (. Cell. 93:1021-1029;. Cell. 94:131-141) has made it possible to attempt to understand the action of dynamin i... |
10388778 | Atomic force microscopy of the submolecular architecture of hydrated ocular mucins. | High-resolution atomic force microscopy has been applied to the imaging of intact human ocular mucins in a near-physiological buffer. The mucins displayed a range of lengths from several hundred nanometers to several microns. By varying the ionic composition of the imaging environment, it was possible to image molecule... |
10388773 | The quantum mixed-spin heme state of barley peroxidase: A paradigm for class III peroxidases. | Electronic absorption and resonance Raman (RR) spectra of the ferric form of barley grain peroxidase (BP 1) at various pH values, at both room temperature and 20 K, are reported, together with electron paramagnetic resonance spectra at 10 K. The ferrous forms and the ferric complex with fluoride have also been studied.... |
10388767 | Self-aggregation of DNA oligomers with XGG trinucleotide repeats: kinetic and atomic force microscopy measurements. | Turbidity measurements via absorbance monitoring at 320 nm were employed to obtain autocatalytic-like kinetic profiles of K+-induced aggregate formation of d(XGG)4 and some related oligomers, where X = A, C, G, and T. At least 1 M KCl is needed to observe the turbidity-measurable aggregation at pH 8, and the relative p... |
10388760 | Modulation of nanotube formation by structural modifications of sphingolipids. | Galactosylceramides (GalCers) containing nervonoyl (24:1(Delta15(cis))) acyl chains have the capacity to assemble into nanotubular microstructures in excess water (. Biophys. J. 69:1976-1986). To define the structural parameters that modulate nanotube formation, GalCer derivatives were synthesized that contained cis mo... |
10388752 | Tonic and phasic tetrodotoxin block of sodium channels with point mutations in the outer pore region. | Tonic and use-dependent block by tetrodotoxin (TTX) has been studied in cRNA-injected Xenopus oocytes expressing mutants W386Y, E945Q, D1426K, and D1717Q, of the outer-pore region of the rat brain IIA alpha-subunit of sodium channels. The various phenotypes are tonically half-blocked at TTX concentrations, IC50(t), tha... |
10388682 | Purification and characterization of an alpha-glucosidase from Rhizobium sp. (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) strain USDA 4280. | A novel alpha-glucosidase with an apparent subunit mass of 59 +/- 0. 5 kDa was purified from protein extracts of Rhizobium sp. strain USDA 4280, a nodulating strain of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L), and characterized. After purification to homogeneity (475-fold; yield, 18%) by ammonium sulfate precipitation, ca... |
10387944 | Inclusion complex of piroxicam with beta-cyclodextrin and incorporation in hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide based microemulsion. | The interaction of piroxicam with beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD), hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide-based microemulsion (ME), and ME in the presence of beta-CD aimed at the optimization of topical drug delivery was studied. UV-VIS absorption spectra at pH 5.5 were obtained with and without beta-CD and ME. The stability c... |
10381561 | Receptor/ligand interactions between Cryptosporidium parvum and the surface of the host cell. | The ability of membrane antigens on sporozoites of the intestinal pathogen, Cryptosporidium parvum, to bind host cell surface antigens was investigated. A novel membrane-associated protein of approximately 47 kDa, designated CP47, was found to possess significant binding affinity for the surface of both human and anima... |
10377255 | An aromatic, but not a basic, residue is involved in the toxicity of group-II phospholipase A2 neurotoxins. | Ammodytoxins (Atxs) A, B and C are basic phospholipase A2s from Vipera ammodytes ammodytes snake venom, and they exhibit presynaptic toxicity. The most toxic is AtxA, followed by AtxC, its naturally occurring F124-->I/K128-->E mutant, which is 17 times less toxic. Two mutants of AtxA have been produced in bacteria and ... |
10373567 | The disabled 1 phosphotyrosine-binding domain binds to the internalization signals of transmembrane glycoproteins and to phospholipids. | Disabled gene products are important for nervous system development in drosophila and mammals. In mice, the Dab1 protein is thought to function downstream of the extracellular protein Reln during neuronal positioning. The structures of Dab proteins suggest that they mediate protein-protein or protein-membrane docking f... |
10373508 | Highly divergent lentiviral Tat proteins activate viral gene expression by a common mechanism. | The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Tat protein (hTat) activates transcription initiated at the viral long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter by a unique mechanism requiring recruitment of the human cyclin T1 (hCycT1) cofactor to the viral TAR RNA target element. While activation of equine infectious anemia vir... |
10373012 | Are membrane proteins "inside-out" proteins? | One of the central paradigms of structural biology is that membrane proteins are "inside-out" proteins, in that they have a core of polar residues surrounded by apolar residues. This is the reverse of the characteristics found in water-soluble proteins. We have decided to test this paradigm, now that sufficient numbers... |
10364329 | Analysis of the effect of natural sequence variation in Tat and in cyclin T on the formation and RNA binding properties of Tat-cyclin T complexes. | The biological activity of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Tat (Tat1) transcriptional activator requires the recruitment of a Tat1-CyclinT1 (CycT1) complex to the TAR RNA target encoded within the viral long terminal repeat (LTR). While other primate immunodeficiency viruses, such as HIV-2 and mandrill ... |
10364328 | La autoantigen specifically recognizes a predicted stem-loop in hepatitis B virus RNA. | We recently identified three nuclear proteins (p45, p39, and p26) that bind to a 91-nucleotide (nt) RNA element between nt 1243 and 1333 in hepatitis B virus (HBV) RNA, and we showed that these proteins and HBV RNA are regulated coordinately by gamma interferon and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Purification and sequence... |
10364309 | Mapping of functional elements in the stem-anchor region of tick-borne encephalitis virus envelope protein E. | Envelope protein E of the flavivirus tick-borne encephalitis virus mediates membrane fusion, and the structure of the N-terminal 80% of this 496-amino-acid-long protein has been shown to differ significantly from that of other viral fusion proteins. The structure of the carboxy-terminal 20%, the stem-anchor region, is ... |
10364290 | Identification of a cytoplasmic targeting/retention signal in a retroviral Gag polyprotein. | Retroviral capsid assembly can occur by either of two distinct morphogenic processes: in type C viruses, the capsid assembles and buds at the plasma membrane, while in type B and D viruses, the capsid assembles within the cytoplasm and is then transported to the plasma membrane for budding. We have previously reported ... |
10362553 | Analysis of the roles of the head domains of type IV rat neuronal intermediate filament proteins in filament assembly using domain-swapped chimeric proteins. | Type IV neuronal intermediate filament proteins consist of alpha-internexin, which can self-assemble into filaments and the neurofilament triplet proteins, which are obligate heteropolymers, at least in rodents. These IF proteins therefore provide good systems for elucidating the mechanism of intermediate filament asse... |
35619469 | Computation of cavity shapes, sizes, and plasticities. | A new molecular mechanics approach has been developed and used to scan the optimum geometry (size and shape) of a host molecule and the energy cost for the deformation of the bonding cavity, based on a general, unspecific guest with given docking sites and a variable size. Lagrange multipliers are used to constrain the... |
29711208 | A Polycationic Metallodendrimer with 24 [Fe(η<sup>5</sup> -C<sub>5</sub> Me<sub>5</sub> )(η<sup>6</sup> -N-Alkylaniline)]<sup>+</sup> Termini That Recognizes Chloride and Bromide Anions. | Pronounced dendritic effects are shown by the title compound 1 in the recognition of Cl<sup>-</sup> and Br<sup>-</sup> -this is shown by the comparison with a mononuclear compound with one dendrimer arm and a trinuclear compound with a tripodal dendrimer branch. Thus, 1 differs distinctly from 24-ferrocene dendrimers o... |
29711199 | Supramolecular Architecture and a New Mode of Pyrazolate Coordination (η<sup>3</sup> ) in the First Homoleptic Lanthanide Pyrazolate Complexes. | A linear supramoleculecular array of anions and cations is present in the solvent-free potassium salt of the homoleptic erbium pyrazolate complex [K{Er(η<sup>2</sup> -tBu<sub>2</sub> pz)<sub>4</sub> }<sub>n</sub> ] (1). Treatment of 1 with [18]crown-6 in toluene/dimethoxyethane leads to formation of a charge-separated ... |
29711196 | Characterization of Ligand Binding by Saturation Transfer Difference NMR Spectroscopy. | Fast identification of binding activity directly from mixtures of potential ligands is possible with the NMR method described, which is based on saturation transfer to molecules in direct contact to a protein. In addition, the ligand's binding epitope is easily identified. High sensitivity and ease of use are the princ... |
29711192 | Manganese(III) Formate: A Three-Dimensional Framework That Traps Carbon Dioxide Molecules. | Carbon dioxide, formic acid, and water molecules are trapped in the crystal lattice of manganese(III) formate (see 1), which was obtained by reducing permanganate with formic acid. Each CO<sub>2</sub> guest molecule exhibits four C-H⋅⋅⋅O-C-O interactions with the three-dimensional host framework of Mn(HCOO)<sub>3</sub>... |
29711187 | A Versatile Route to Porous Solids: Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Materials Assembled through Hydrogen Bonds. | Square-planar and octahedral complexes of Ni<sup>II</sup> and Pt<sup>II</sup> link through head-to-head hydrogen bonds to form porous frameworks with large cavities that are suitable for inclusion of guest molecules. A series of four different complexes with pyridine-based ligands (in the center of the picture) are des... |
29711001 | Selective Hydrovinylation of Styrene in a Membrane Reactor: Use of Carbosilane Dendrimers with Hemilabile P,O Ligands. | A codimerization of styrene and ethene can be carried out continuously in a nanofiltration membrane reactor with dendritic Pd complexes such as 1. The selectivity of the reaction is increased considerably under continuous conditions. The activity and selectivity of monomeric model complexes and the dendritic catalysts ... |
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