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10939452 | Development of a capillary zone electrophoresis method for the separation of a furan combinatorial library. | Nine component mixtures of a furan library were simultaneously separated by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) using a phosphate buffer as a background electrolyte at low pH. The effects of buffer concentration, buffer pH, type and concentration of organic solvents on the electrophoretic mobility, resolution, and ana... |
10939451 | Enantiomeric separation of alanyl and leucyl dipeptides by capillary electrophoresis with cyclodextrins as chiral selectors. | Eight neutral cyclodextrins were tested for the enantiomeric separation of alanyl and leucyl dipeptides by capillary electrophoresis at pH 3, and seven out of the eight cyclodextrins proved suitable for the separation of one or more of the dipeptide enantiomer pairs. The best results were obtained with heptakis(2,6-di-... |
10939449 | A highly sensitive method for the analysis of nitrite ions by capillary zone electrophoresis using water-soluble aminophenylporphyrin derivative as chromogenic reagent. | The water soluble 5-p-aminophenyl)-10,15,20-tris(p-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrin, 4, acts as an extremely efficient chromogenic reagent for the detection of very low amounts of nitrites. The amino group of porphyrin 4 reacts smoothly with nitrite in acidic conditions 0.2 M HCl) producing the corresponding diazo-porphyrin ... |
10939444 | Evaluation of new adsorbed coatings in chiral capillary electrophoresis and the partial filling technique. | When using chiral selectors and the partial filling technique in capillary electrophoresis, a suitable and reproducible suppression of the electroosmotic flow is still a challenging issue, and there are a number of reasons to find alternatives to the use of covalently coated capillaries for such a particular applicatio... |
10939398 | Liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry of organoselenium compounds with postcolumn crown ether complexation. | Postcolumn addition is an effective means of alleviating or solving ionization-related problems in liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC/ESIMS). In the current study, initial attempts to develop a direct LC/ESIMS method for an organoselenium compound, 4-hydroxyphenyl 2-methyl-2-aminoethyl ... |
10939367 | Chiral gas chromatographic separation of 2-oxabicyclo[3.3.0]octane derivatives and their synthetic precursors. | Chiral GC separation of (+/-)-2-allyl-2-carboethoxycyclopentanone (9) and the alcohols (+/-)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-carboethoxy-2-oxabicyclo[3.3.0]octane (7), (+/-)-2-allyl-2-carboethoxycyclopentanol (8), and their acetylated and trifluoroacetylated derivatives were investigated on three derivatized beta-cyclodextrins (CD... |
10935383 | [Perioperative risk factors in valve surgery concomitant with coronary artery bypass grafting]. | Between January 1990 and December 1999, 20 patients underwent the valve surgery concomitant with coronary artery bypass grafting. There were 16 males and 4 females, their mean age was 66.5 years. Of the 20 patients, aortic stenosis was noted in 7, aortic regurgitation in 3, mitral stenosis in one, and mitral regurgitat... |
10930279 | pH-controlled inclusion and release of oxyanions by dendrimers bearing methyl orange moieties. | We report the synthesis of POPAM dendrimers, bearing up to 64 chromophores at their periphery. For these dendrimers, a radiotracer technique was used to study the liquid-liquid partition of pertechnetate and (14)C-labeled nucleotides in trichloromethane-aqueous systems. Inclusion and release of guest molecules can be c... |
10931558 | Molecular similarity analysis between insect juvenile hormone and N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) analogs may aid design of novel insect repellents. | Molecular similarity analysis of stereoelectronic properties between natural insect juvenile hormone (JH), -a synthetic insect juvenile hormone mimic (JH-mimic, undecen-2-yl carbamate), and N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) and its analogs reveals similarities that may aid the design of more efficacious insect repellents... |
10931557 | Binding of nascent collagen by amyloidogenic light chains and amyloid fibrillogenesis in monolayers of human fibrocytes. | Light (L) chain dimers expressed by multiple myeloma cells and collected as Bence-Jones proteins from the urine of human subjects were tested for their ability to form deposits in fibroblast monolayer cell cultures. Bence-Jones proteins from subjects with primary amyloidosis associated with L chains were shown to form ... |
10931556 | Drug-DNA recognition: energetics and implications for design. | In this article we review thermodynamic studies designed to examine the interaction of low molecular weight ligands or drugs with DNA. Over the past 10 years there has been an increase in the number of rigorous biophysical studies of DNA-drug interactions and considerable insight has been gained into the energetics of ... |
10931555 | Engineered protein scaffolds for molecular recognition. | The use of so-called protein scaffolds has recently attracted considerable attention in biochemistry in the context of generating novel types of ligand receptors for various applications in research and medicine. This development started with the notion that immunoglobulins owe their function to the composition of a co... |
10933509 | Mesoscopic surfactant organization and membrane protein crystallization. | The paucity of detailed X-ray crystallographic structures of integral membrane proteins arises from substantive technical obstacles in the overexpression of multimilligram quantities of protein, and in the crystallization of purified protein-detergent complexes (PDCs). With rare exception, crystal contacts within the l... |
10933504 | HYR, an extracellular module involved in cellular adhesion and related to the immunoglobulin-like fold. | Domains belonging to the immunoglobulin-like fold are responsible for a wide variety of molecular recognition processes. Here we describe a new family of domains, the HYR family, which is predicted to belong to this fold, and which appears to be involved in cellular adhesion. HYR domains were identified in several euka... |
10933497 | Soft metal ions, Cd(II) and Hg(II), induce triple-stranded alpha-helical assembly and folding of a de novo designed peptide in their trigonal geometries. | We previously reported the de novo design of an amphiphilic peptide [YGG(IEKKIEA)4] that forms a native-like, parallel triple-stranded coiled coil. Starting from this peptide, we sought to regulate the assembly of the peptide by a metal ion. The replacement of the Ile18 and Ile22 residues with Ala and Cys residues, res... |
10933171 | Detection and monitoring of intracranial pressure dysregulation in liver failure by ultrasound. | <h4>Background</h4>Development of elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) in hepatic failure indicates poor prognosis. Its detection by invasive methods poses methodological problems. We applied ultrasound studies of the optic nerves to noninvasively estimated ICP status.<h4>Methods</h4>A total of 22 pediatric patients wi... |
10933125 | Apolipoprotein A-I, cyclodextrins and liposomes as potential drugs for the reversal of atherosclerosis. A review. | Several studies have revealed that high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is the most reliable predictor for susceptibility to cardiovascular disease. Since apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) is the major protein of HDL, it is worthwhile evaluating the potential of this protein to reduce the lipid burden of lesions observed in the cl... |
10923818 | Synthesis, conformation, and chemical properties of new mini parallel double-stranded peptides conjugated with -Phe-Phe- and -Phe-Phe-X-sequences. | To investigate the chemical conformations and functions of the -Phe-Phe-Val- or -Phe-Phe- sequences contained in the Alzheimer's disease related beta-amyloid peptide, a series of mini parallel double-stranded peptides conjugated with two peptide residues to one spacer were designed and prepared. The structure of the co... |
10915940 | Oral bioavailability and hypoglycaemic activity of tolbutamide/cyclodextrin inclusion complexes. | The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the enhancement of tolbutamide (TBM) oral bioavailability and hypoglycaemic activity through complexation with beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) and hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CD). TBM and its freeze-dried inclusion complexes were administered to rabbits (New zea... |
10921602 | Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 are increased in the plasma of children with sepsis-induced multiple organ failure. | <h4>Objectives</h4>To determine concentrations of circulating adhesion molecules endothelial (E)-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 in children with sepsis-induced multiple organ failure (MOF), and to determine associations among increased concentrations of ... |
10913273 | Interactions of the novel antimicrobial peptide buforin 2 with lipid bilayers: proline as a translocation promoting factor. | Buforin 2 is an antimicrobial peptide discovered in the stomach tissue of the Asian toad Bufo bufo gargarizans. The 21-residue peptide with +6 net charge shows antimicrobial activity an order of magnitude higher than that of magainin 2, a membrane-permeabilizing antimicrobial peptide from Xenopus laevis [Park, C. B., K... |
10913265 | Energetic and mechanistic studies of glucoamylase using molecular recognition of maltose OH groups coupled with site-directed mutagenesis. | Molecular recognition using a series of deoxygenated maltose analogues was used to determine the substrate transition-state binding energy profiles of 10 single-residue mutants at the active site of glucoamylase from Aspergillus niger. The individual contribution of each substrate hydroxyl group to transition-state sta... |
10913250 | Restricted motion of the lipoyl-lysine swinging arm in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex of Escherichia coli. | The three lipoyl (E2plip) domains of the dihydrolipoyl acetyltransferase component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex of Escherichia coli house the lipoyl-lysine side chain essential for active-site coupling and substrate channelling within the complex. The structure of the unlipoylated form of the innermost d... |
10917598 | Unusual synthesis by the Escherichia coli CCA-adding enzyme. | The tRNA 3' end contains the conserved CCA sequence at the 74-76 positions. The CCA sequence is synthesized and maintained by the CCA-adding enzymes. The specificity of the Escherichia coli enzyme at each of the 74-76 positions was investigated using synthetic minihelix substrates that contain permuted 3' ends. Results... |
10917429 | Indirect ultraviolet spectrophotometric detection in the ion chromatography of common mono- and divalent cations on an aluminium adsorbing silica gel column with tyramine-containing crown ethers as eluent. | The application of laboratory-made aluminium-adsorbing silica gel (Al-Silica) as a cation-exchange stationary phase to ion chromatography-indirect photometric detection (IC-IPD) for common mono- and divalent cations (Li+, Na+, NH+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+) was carried out by using protonated tyramine (4-aminoethylphenol) as ... |
10915048 | Synthesis of thiophenyl substituted cyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-one and its photocleavage coupling reaction with amines. | Thiophenyl substituted cyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-ones were synthesized and photolyzed in the presence of various amines to afford the amides containing diene moeties via the ketene intermediate under visible light irradiation at 38 degrees C. |
10914569 | Photoluminescent CdS/dendrimer nanocomposites for fingerprint detection. | CdS/dendrimer nanocomposites with a range of concentrations of the photoluminescent semiconductor nanocluster and the dendrimer are prepared in methanol and 1:9 methanol:water solutions. The solutions are utilized for detection of cyanoacrylate ester fumed and unfumed fingerprints on polyethylene and aluminum foil. |
10906346 | Conversion of the maltogenic alpha-amylase Novamyl into a CGTase. | Novamyl is a thermostable five-domain maltogenic alpha-amylase that shows sequence and structural homology with the cyclodextrin glycosyltransferases (CGTases). Comparing X-ray crystal structures of Novamyl and CGTases, two major differences in the active site cleft were observed: Novamyl contains a loop insertion cons... |
10908336 | In Rhizobium leguminosarum, NodD represses its own transcription by competing with RNA polymerase for binding sites. | We isolated RNA polymerase (RNAP) from Rhizobium leguminosarum, the nitrogen-fixing symbiont of peas and VICIA: Its 91 kDa subunit, which is homologous to sigma(70) of Escherichia coli RNAP, is necessary for transcription of the regulatory nodD gene, which in the presence of certain flavonoids induces transcription of ... |
10906446 | Role of the extracellular matrix during neural crest cell migration. | Once specified to become neural crest (NC), cells occupying the dorsal portion of the neural tube disrupt their cadherin-mediated cell-cell contacts, acquire motile properties, and embark upon an extensive migration through the embryo to reach their ultimate phenotype-specific sites. The understanding of how this movem... |
10903851 | The protofilament substructure of amyloid fibrils. | Tissue deposition of normally soluble proteins, or their fragments, as insoluble amyloid fibrils causes the usually fatal, acquired and hereditary systemic amyloidoses and is associated with the pathology of Alzheimer's disease, type 2 diabetes and the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. Although each type of am... |
10903980 | Antidepressant drugs inhibit glucocorticoid receptor-mediated gene transcription - a possible mechanism. | 1. Antidepressant drugs are known to inhibit some changes evoked by glucocorticoids, as well as a hyperactivity of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, often observed in depression. 2. The aim of present study was to investigate effects of various antidepressant drugs on the glucocorticoid-mediated gene transcrip... |
10910136 | Intravascular and endobronchial DNA delivery to murine lung tissue using a novel, nonviral vector. | Gene transfer to the lung can be achieved via either the airway or the pulmonary vasculature. We evaluated gene transfer and expression by intravascular and endobronchial routes, using DNA complexed with G9 PAMAM dendrimer or naked plasmid DNA. Intravascular tail vein delivery of dendrimer-complexed pCF1CAT plasmid res... |
10903188 | Immunological surrogate parameters in a prognostic model for multi-organ failure and death. | <h4>Objective</h4>To assess the ability of clinical or biochemical parameters to predict outcome (survival or non-survival; severe or moderate/no complication) using multiple regression analyses.<h4>Design</h4>Prospective, descriptive cohort study with no interventions<h4>Setting</h4>12 surgical intensive care units of... |
10907880 | Study on using I- as heavy atom perturber in cyclodextrin-induced room temperature phosphorimetry. | A cyclodextrin induced room temperature phosphorimetry (CD-RTP) for determine beta-NOA, which using I- as a heavy atom perturber (HAP) and sodium sulfite as a deoxygenator, was developed. The phosphorescence peak wavelength maxima lambda(ex)/lambda(em) = 287/496,521 nm. The analytical curve of beta-NOA gives a linear d... |
10890900 | Dissecting the role of the golgi complex and lipid rafts in biosynthetic transport of cholesterol to the cell surface. | In this study, we compared the transport of newly synthesized cholesterol with that of influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) from the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane. The arrival of cholesterol on the cell surface was monitored by cyclodextrin removal, and HA transport was monitored by surface trypsinization ... |
10899110 | Vacuolar uptake of host components, and a role for cholesterol and sphingomyelin in malarial infection. | Erythrocytes, which are incapable of endocytosis or phagocytosis, can be infected by the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. We find that a transmembrane protein (Duffy), glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored and cytoplasmic proteins, associated with detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs) that are characteristi... |
10901364 | Osteopontin is required for full expression of the transformed phenotype by the ras oncogene. | The secreted phosphoprotein osteopontin (OPN) is strongly associated with the process of neoplastic transformation, based both on its pattern of expression in vivo and in vitro and on functional analyses. We have used 3T3 cells derived from wildtype and OPN-deficient mice and transformed by transfection with oncogenic ... |
10891146 | Double-helical cyclic peptides: design, synthesis, and crystal structure of figure-eight mirror-image conformers of adamantane-constrained cystine-containing cyclic peptide cyclo (Adm-Cyst)(3). | A large number of macrocycles containing alternating repeats of cystine diOMe(-NH-CH(CO(2)Me)-CH(2)-S-)(2) and either a conformationally rigid aromatic/alicyclic moiety or a flexible polymethylene unit (X) in the cyclic backbone with ring size varying from 13- to 78-membered have been examined by spectral ((1)H NMR, FT... |
10891213 | A cavitand-porphyrin hybrid. | [structure: see text] Host-guest complexes of a new open-ended cavitand show unprecedented stabilities. Simultaneous binding in the cavity and at the metalloporphyrin affects both the kinetics and the thermodynamics of caviplex formation. |
10891262 | Use of a new label, (13)==(18)O, in the determination of a structural model of phospholamban in a lipid bilayer. Spatial restraints resolve the ambiguity arising from interpretations of mutagenesis data. | A structural model of pentameric phospholamban (Plb) in a lipid bilayer has been derived using a combination of experimental data, obtained from ATR-FTIR site-directed dichroism, and the implementation of the resulting restraints during a molecular dynamics simulation. Plb (residues 24-52) has been synthesised incorpor... |
10893264 | Sphingomyelin hydrolysis to ceramide during the execution phase of apoptosis results from phospholipid scrambling and alters cell-surface morphology. | Apoptosis is generally accompanied by a late phase of ceramide (Cer) production, the significance of which is unknown. This study describes a previously unrecognized link between Cer accumulation and phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure at the cell surface, a characteristic of the execution phase of apoptosis resulting fro... |
10893263 | Evidence that dynamin-2 functions as a signal-transducing GTPase. | The role of dynamin GTPases in the regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis is well established. Here, we present new evidence that the ubiquitously expressed isoform dynamin-2 (dyn2) can also function in a signal transduction pathway(s). A </=5-fold increase of dyn2 relative to endogenous levels activates the trans... |
10889017 | Chemical activity of cholesterol in membranes. | Measurements are reported for the rate constants for the release of cholesterol (and dihydrocholesterol) to beta-cyclodextrin from mixtures with phospholipids in homogeneous monolayers at constant pressure at the air-water interface. In each mixture, it is found that the release rate shows a sharp decrease as the chole... |
10748017 | Towards structural determination of the water-splitting enzyme. Purification, crystallization, and preliminary crystallographic studies of photosystem II from a thermophilic cyanobacterium. | A photosystem II preparation from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus, which is especially suitable for three-dimensional crystallization in a fully active form was developed. The efficient purification method applied here yielded 10 mg of protein of a homogenous dimeric complex of about 500 kDa wit... |
10869440 | Mechanism of action of a pestivirus antiviral compound. | We report here the discovery of a small molecule inhibitor of pestivirus replication. The compound, designated VP32947, inhibits the replication of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in cell culture at a 50% inhibitory concentration of approximately 20 nM. VP32947 inhibits both cytopathic and noncytopathic pestiviruses... |
10859365 | Hsp70 and hsp40 chaperones can inhibit self-assembly of polyglutamine proteins into amyloid-like fibrils. | The deposition of protein aggregates in neurons is a hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases caused by polyglutamine (polyQ) proteins. We analyzed the effects of the heat shock protein (Hsp) 70 chaperone system on the aggregation of fragments of huntingtin (htt) with expanded polyQ tracts. In vitro, Hsp70 and its cochap... |
10869431 | In organello formaldehyde crosslinking of proteins to mtDNA: identification of bifunctional proteins. | The segregating unit of mtDNA is a protein-DNA complex called the nucleoid. In an effort to understand how nucleoid proteins contribute to mtDNA organization and inheritance, we have developed an in organello formaldehyde crosslinking procedure to identify proteins associated with mtDNA. Using highly purified mitochond... |
10869430 | Assembly and activation of site-specific recombination complexes. | Site-specific recombination is responsible for a broad range of biological phenomena, including DNA inversion, resolution of transposition intermediates, and the integration and excision of bacteriophage genomes. Integration of mycobacteriophage L5 is catalyzed by a phage-encoded integrase with recombination occurring ... |
10884349 | Echinoderm collagen fibrils grow by surface-nucleation-and-propagation from both centers and ends. | Collagen fibrils from sea cucumber (class Holothuroidea) dermis were previously found to grow by coordinated monomer addition at both centers and ends. This analysis of sea urchin (class Echinoidea) collagen fibrils was undertaken to compare the growth characteristics of fibrils from two classes of echinoderms, and to ... |
10888333 | Purpurinimides as photosensitizers: effect of the presence and position of the substituents in the in vivo photodynamic efficacy. | This study presents a novel approach for the regioselective synthesis of a series of alkyl ether analogues of purpurin-18-N-alkylimide. In the purpurinimide series, this is the first example which demonstrates that the presence and position of the substituents in the macrocycle makes a remarkable difference in the in v... |
10882671 | Evaluation of human FcgammaRIIA (CD32) and FcgammaRIIIB (CD16) polymorphisms in Caucasians and African-Americans using salivary DNA. | Two classes of low-affinity receptors for the Fc region of immunoglobulin G (IgG) (FcgammaR) are constitutively expressed on resting human neutrophils. These receptors, termed FcgammaRIIa (CD32) and FcgammaRIIIb (CD16), display biallelic polymorphisms which have functional consequences with respect to binding and/or in... |
10878395 | Identification of CD4+ T cell epitopes from NY-ESO-1 presented by HLA-DR molecules. | In previous studies, the shared cancer-testis Ag, NY-ESO-1, was demonstrated to be recognized by both Abs and CD8+ T cells. Gene expression of NY-ESO-1 was detected in many tumor types, including melanoma, breast, and lung cancers, but was not found in normal tissues, with the exception of testis. In this study, we des... |
10878337 | Identification of a minimal T cell epitope recognized by antinucleosome Th cells in the C-terminal region of histone H4. | Autoreactive T cells responding to systemic autoantigens have been characterized in patients and mice with autoimmune diseases and in healthy individuals. Using peptides covering the whole sequence of histone H4, we characterized several epitopes recognized by lymph node Th cells from nonsystemic lupus erythematosus-pr... |
10880529 | A B cell superantigen-induced persistent "Hole" in the B-1 repertoire. | The bacterial toxin protein A from Staphylococcus aureus (SpA) interacts with B cell antigen receptors encoded by variable region heavy chain (V(H)) clan III genes via a V region framework surface that has been highly conserved during the evolution of the adaptive immune system. We have investigated the consequences of... |
10880443 | CD40 signaling in human dendritic cells is initiated within membrane rafts. | Despite CD40's role in stimulating dendritic cells (DCs) for efficient specific T-cell stimulation, its signal transduction components in DCs are still poorly documented. We show that CD40 receptors on human monocyte-derived DCs associate with sphingolipid- and cholesterol-rich plasma membrane microdomains, termed memb... |
10880436 | Identification and cell cycle control of a novel pilus system in Caulobacter crescentus. | Pilus assembly in CAULOBACTER: crescentus occurs during a short period of the cell cycle and pili are only present at the flagellar pole of the swarmer cell. Here we report a novel assay to visualize pili by light microscopy that led to the purification of CAULOBACTER: pili and the isolation of a cluster of seven genes... |
10880433 | Structure of the active core of human stem cell factor and analysis of binding to its receptor kit. | Stem cell factor (SCF) is an early-acting hematopoietic cytokine that elicits multiple biological effects. SCF is dimeric and occurs in soluble and membrane-bound forms. It transduces signals by ligand- mediated dimerization of its receptor, Kit, which is a receptor tyrosine kinase related to the receptors for platelet... |
10883671 | Anti-tumour effects and pharmacokinetic profile of 17-(5'-isoxazolyl)androsta-4,16-dien-3-one (L-39) in mice: an inhibitor of androgen synthesis. | 17-(5'-Isoxazolyl)androsta-4,16-dien-3-one (L-39), a novel androstene derivative, was synthesized and evaluated in vitro and in vivo. L-39 showed potent and non-competitive inhibition of human testicular microsomal 17alpha-hydroxylase/C(17,20)-lyase with an IC50 value of 59 nM and Ki of 22 nM. L-39 also showed potent a... |
10877835 | Distinct cardioprotective effects of adenosine mediated by differential coupling of receptor subtypes to phospholipases C and D. | Adenosine released during cardiac ischemia exerts a marked protective effect in the heart that is mediated by the A(1) and A(3) subtypes of adenosine receptors. The signaling pathways activated by these adenosine receptors have now been characterized in a chick embryo ventricular myocyte culture model of cardioprotecti... |
10877810 | A new Klebsiella planticola strain (Cd-1) grows anaerobically at high cadmium concentrations and precipitates cadmium sulfide. | Heavy metal resistance by bacteria is a topic of much importance to the bioremediation of contaminated soils and sediments. We report here the isolation of a highly cadmium-resistant Klebsiella planticola strain, Cd-1, from reducing salt marsh sediments. The strain grows in up to 15 mM CdCl(2) under a wide range of NaC... |
10879890 | New purification protocol for actinide measurement in excreta based on calixarene chemistry. | The determination of actinides concentration level in excreta, mainly urine is currently carried out to monitor people potentially exposed to alpha emitters. To measure actinides in such samples, specific analytical protocols have been set up. The chemical purification uses different chromatographic columns to selectiv... |
10873545 | High expression of glycogen-debranching enzyme in Escherichia coli and its competent purification method. | Glycogen-debranching enzyme (GDE) gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae was cloned and expressed into Escherichia coli. A 99.3% homology was found between the nucleotide sequences of GDE gene harbored in the recombinant E. coli plasmid (pTrc99A) and the open reading frame (902039-906646 position) of the 4608-bp fragment o... |
10874518 | Biopharmaceutical considerations in topical ocular drug delivery. | 1. Despite the accessibility of the front of the eye, efficient delivery of drug to treat various ocular disorders is a challenge to the formulation scientist. The majority of ophthalmic medications are formulated as eye drops. Due to anatomical constraints, the volume that can be administered is limited to approximate... |
10871884 | Understanding protein folding via free-energy surfaces from theory and experiment. | The ability of protein molecules to fold into their highly structured functional states is one of the most remarkable evolutionary achievements of biology. In recent years, our understanding of the way in which this complex self-assembly process takes place has increased dramatically. Much of the reason for this advanc... |
10872088 | Dermal delivery of ETH-615, a zwitterionic drug. | ETH-615 is an amphoteric drug that forms a water-insoluble zwitterion at intermediate pH values. Increasing the aqueous solubility of ETH-615 through cyclodextrin complexation did not enhance transdermal delivery of the drug from saturated aqueous solutions. However, increasing the lipophilicity of the drug through mas... |
10869714 | In search of selective P2 receptor ligands: interaction of dihydropyridine derivatives at recombinant rat P2X(2) receptors. | 1,4-Dihydropyridines are regarded as privileged structures for drug design, i.e. they tend to bind to a wide variety of receptor sites. We have shown that upon appropriate manipulation of the substituent groups on a 1,4-dihydropyridine template, high affinity and selectivity for the A(3) subtype of adenosine receptors ... |
10869678 | Enantiomer separation by complexation SFC on immobilized Chirasil-nickel and Chirasil-zinc. | The use of complexation SFC for enantiomer separation of Lewis base selectands on chiral nickel(II)- and zinc(II)-bis[(3-heptafluorobutanoyl)-10-methylene-(1R)-camphora te] chemically bonded to poly(dimethylsiloxane) (Chirasil-nickel and Chirasil-zinc) and employed as Lewis acid selectors is described. The method is es... |
10871546 | Applicability of three anti-PrP peptide sera including staining of tonsils and brainstem of sheep with scrapie. | Three rabbit antibodies (R521, R505, R524) were produced, and raised to synthetic peptides corresponding to residues 94-105, 100-111, and 223-234, respectively, of the sheep prion protein (PrP). Epitope mapping analysis revealed the monospecific character of antisera R505 and R524. In addition to the amino acid sequenc... |
10869182 | Structures of maltohexaose and maltoheptaose bound at the donor sites of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase give insight into the mechanisms of transglycosylation activity and cyclodextrin size specificity. | The enzymes from the alpha-amylase family all share a similar alpha-retaining catalytic mechanism but can have different reaction and product specificities. One family member, cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase), has an uncommonly high transglycosylation activity and is able to form cyclodextrins. We have determi... |
10869074 | Analysis of MinC reveals two independent domains involved in interaction with MinD and FtsZ. | In Escherichia coli FtsZ assembles into a Z ring at midcell while assembly at polar sites is prevented by the min system. MinC, a component of this system, is an inhibitor of FtsZ assembly that is positioned within the cell by interaction with MinDE. In this study we found that MinC consists of two functional domains c... |
10867283 | Noise damage in the C57BL/CBA mouse cochlea. | The present study was designed to determine the response to noise of the auditory system of a genetically well-defined laboratory mouse in preparation for examining the effect of noise on mice with specific genetic mutations. The mice were C57BL/CBA F1 hybrids. Eight mice served as non-noise-exposed controls and 39 mic... |
10866981 | Polymerization of rod-like macromolecular monomers studied by stopped-flow, multiangle light scattering: set-up, data processing, and application to fibrin formation. | Many biological supramolecular structures are formed by polymerization of macromolecular monomers. Light scattering techniques can provide structural information from such systems, if suitable procedures are used to collect the data and then to extract the relevant parameters. We present an experimental set-up in which... |
10866980 | Aggregation kinetics of extended porphyrin and cyanine dye assemblies. | The kinetics of J-aggregate formation has been studied for two chromophores, tetrakis-4-sulfonatophenylporphine in an acid medium and pseudoisocyanine on a polyvinylsulfonate template. The assembly processes differ both in their sensitivity to initiation protocols and in the reaction profiles they produce. The porphyri... |
10866975 | Synchrotron radiation diffraction from two-dimensional protein crystals at the air/water interface. | Protein structure determination by classical x-ray crystallography requires three-dimensional crystals that are difficult to obtain for most proteins and especially for membrane proteins. An alternative is to grow two-dimensional (2D) crystals by adsorbing proteins to ligand-lipid monolayers at the surface of water. Th... |
10866960 | Pretransitional effects in dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine vesicle membranes: optical dynamometry study. | We used micron-sized latex spheres to probe the phase state and the viscoelastic properties of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) bilayers as a function of temperature. One or two particles were manipulated and stuck to a DMPC giant vesicle by means of an optical trap. Above the fluid-gel main transition temperature... |
10866677 | Modulation of CRX transactivation activity by phosducin isoforms. | Phosducin (Phd) and Phd-like proteins (PhLPs) selectively bind guanine nucleotide protein (G protein) betagamma subunits (Gbetagamma), while Phd-like orphan proteins (PhLOPs) lack the major functional domain for the binding of Gbetagamma. A retina- and pineal gland-specific transcription factor, cone-rod homeobox (CRX)... |
10866672 | The heat shock cognate protein hsc73 assembles with A(1) adenosine receptors to form functional modules in the cell membrane. | A(1) adenosine receptors (A(1)Rs) are G protein-coupled heptaspanning receptors that interact at the outer face of the plasma membrane with cell surface ecto-adenosine deaminase (ecto-ADA). By affinity chromatography the heat shock cognate protein hsc73 was identified as a cytosolic component able to interact with the ... |
10866667 | Mechanism of transcriptional regulation by methyl-CpG binding protein MBD1. | MBD1 is a mammalian protein that binds symmetrically methylated CpG sequences and regulates gene expression in association with DNA methylation. This protein possesses a conserved sequence, named methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD), among a family of methyl-CpG binding proteins that mediate the biological consequences of t... |
10866656 | Naturally occurring dicistronic cricket paralysis virus RNA is regulated by two internal ribosome entry sites. | Cricket paralysis virus is a member of a group of insect picorna-like viruses. Cloning and sequencing of the single plus-strand RNA genome revealed the presence of two nonoverlapping open reading frames, ORF1 and ORF2, that encode the nonstructural and structural proteins, respectively. We show that each ORF is precede... |
10866815 | Involvement of Gln937 of Streptococcus downei GTF-I glucansucrase in transition-state stabilization. | Multiple alignment of deduced amino-acid sequences of glucansucrases (glucosyltransferases and dextransucrases) from oral streptococci and Leuconostoc mesenteroides has shown them to share a well-conserved catalytic domain. A portion of this domain displays homology to members of the alpha-amylase family (glycoside hyd... |
10864672 | Norwalk virus open reading frame 3 encodes a minor structural protein. | Norwalk virus (NV) is a causative agent of acute epidemic nonbacterial gastroenteritis in humans. The inability to cultivate NV has required the use of molecular techniques to examine the genome organization and functions of the viral proteins. The function of the NV protein encoded by open reading frame 3 (ORF 3) has ... |
10864666 | 3'-End stem-loops of the subviral RNAs associated with turnip crinkle virus are involved in symptom modulation and coat protein binding. | Many plant RNA viruses are associated with one or more subviral RNAs. Two subviral RNAs, satellite RNA C (satC) and defective interfering RNA G (diG) intensify the symptoms of their helper, turnip crinkle virus (TCV). However, when the coat protein (CP) of TCV was replaced with that of the related Cardamine chlorotic f... |
10864648 | Glycosphingolipids promote entry of a broad range of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates into cell lines expressing CD4, CXCR4, and/or CCR5. | Treatment of human osteosarcoma cells, expressing CD4 and various chemokine receptors, with the glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor 1-phenyl-2-hexadecanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol (PPMP), blocked target membrane glycosphingolipid (GSL) biosynthesis and reduced the susceptibility of cells to infection and fusion me... |
10864647 | Selective membrane permeabilization by the rotavirus VP5* protein is abrogated by mutations in an internal hydrophobic domain. | Rotavirus infectivity is dependent on the proteolytic cleavage of the VP4 spike protein into VP8* and VP5* proteins. Proteolytically activated virus, as well as expressed VP5*, permeabilizes membranes, suggesting that cleavage exposes a membrane-interactive domain of VP5* which effects rapid viral entry. The VP5* prote... |
10864641 | Interdependence of hemagglutinin glycosylation and neuraminidase as regulators of influenza virus growth: a study by reverse genetics. | The hemagglutinin (HA) of fowl plague virus A/FPV/Rostock/34 (H7N1) carries two N-linked oligosaccharides attached to Asn123 and Asn149 in close vicinity to the receptor-binding pocket. In previous studies in which HA mutants lacking either one (mutants G1 and G2) or both (mutant G1,2) glycosylation sites had been expr... |
10864435 | Reversible sodium dodecyl sulfate activation of latent peach polyphenol oxidase by cyclodextrins. | The reversibility of the SDS-mediated activation of latent peach PPO has been studied using cyclodextrins as strip detergent agent. Cyclodextrins produced a combined inhibitory effect on enzymatic activity of latent peach PPO due to the complexation of detergent and the hydrophobic substrate 4-tert-butylcatechol (TBC) ... |
10861957 | Enzymatic resolution to (-)-ormeloxifene intermediates from their racemates using immobilized Candida rugosa lipase. | In the synthesis of (-)-ormeloxifene, a drug candidate recently under development, enzymatic resolution of potential intermediates can be carried out using a simple, practical method. Five commercially available lipases, Candida rugosa lipase, Candida antarctica lipase B, Mucor miehei lipase, Pseudomonas cepacia lipase... |
10858349 | Itraconazole oral solution for primary prophylaxis of fungal infections in patients with hematological malignancy and profound neutropenia: a randomized, double-blind, double-placebo, multicenter trial comparing itraconazole and amphotericin B. | Systemic and superficial fungal infections are a major problem among immunocompromised patients with hematological malignancy. A double-blind, double-placebo, randomized, multicenter trial was performed to compare the efficacy and safety of itraconazole oral solution (2.5 mg/kg of body weight twice a day) with amphoter... |
10858204 | Identification of glycosaminoglycan binding domains in Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 of a chondroitin sulfate A-adherent parasite. | Accumulation of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes in the placenta is a key feature of maternal malaria. This process is mediated in part by the parasite ligand P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) at the surface of the infected erythrocyte interacting with the host receptor chondroitin sulfat... |
10850993 | Regulation of the furA and catC operon, encoding a ferric uptake regulator homologue and catalase-peroxidase, respectively, in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). | We isolated the catC gene, encoding catalase-peroxidase in Streptomyces coelicolor, using sequence homology with the katG gene from Escherichia coli. Upstream of the catC gene, an open reading frame (furA) encoding a homologue of ferric uptake regulator (Fur) was identified. S1 mapping analysis indicated that the furA ... |
10848613 | Developmental expression of latent transforming growth factor beta binding protein 2 and its requirement early in mouse development. | Latent transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) binding protein 2 (LTBP-2) is an integral component of elastin-containing microfibrils. We studied the expression of LTBP-2 in the developing mouse and rat by in situ hybridization, using tropoelastin expression as a marker of tissues participating in elastic fiber form... |
10848606 | Identification of amino acid residues in the Caenorhabditis elegans POU protein UNC-86 that mediate UNC-86-MEC-3-DNA ternary complex formation. | The POU homeodomain protein UNC-86 and the LIM homeodomain protein MEC-3 are essential for the differentiation of the six mechanoreceptor neurons in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Previous studies have indicated that UNC-86 and MEC-3 bind cooperatively to at least three sites in the mec-3 promoter and synergistic... |
10846083 | Balanced hemagglutinin and neuraminidase activities are critical for efficient replication of influenza A virus. | The SD0 mutant of influenza virus A/WSN/33 (WSN), characterized by a 24-amino-acid deletion in the neuraminidase (NA) stalk, does not grow in embryonated chicken eggs because of defective NA function. Continuous passage of SD0 in eggs yielded 10 independent clones that replicated efficiently. Characterization of these ... |
10846074 | Binding of hepatitis C virus E2 glycoprotein to CD81 does not correlate with species permissiveness to infection. | Hepatitis C virus (HCV) glycoprotein E2 binds to human cells by interacting with the CD81 molecule, which has been proposed to be the viral receptor. A correlation between binding to CD81 and species permissiveness to HCV infection has also been reported. We have determined the sequence of CD81 from the tamarin, a prim... |
10846064 | Kinetic analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 assembly reveals the presence of sequential intermediates. | The assembly and budding of lentiviruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), are mediated by the Gag protein precursor, but the molecular details of these processes remain poorly defined. In this study, we have combined pulse-chase techniques with density gradient centrifugation to identify, isolate, ... |
10813742 | Optimization of ligand presentation for immunoadsorption using star-configured polyethylene glycols. | Medical, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications of immunoadsorption are frequently limited by the technologic problems of low affinity, inadequate capacity, hydrophobicity, and bioincompatibility. To overcome these difficulties we studied the use of star-burst configured polyethylene glycols (star-PEGs) with immun... |
11104519 | An overview of the structures of protein-DNA complexes. | On the basis of a structural analysis of 240 protein-DNA complexes contained in the Protein Data Bank (PDB), we have classified the DNA-binding proteins involved into eight different structural/functional groups, which are further classified into 54 structural families. Here we present this classification and review th... |
22339465 | Protofilaments, filaments, ribbons, and fibrils from peptidomimetic self-assembly: implications for amyloid fibril formation and materials science. | Deciphering the mechanism(s) of β-sheet mediated self-assembly is essential for understanding amyloid fibril formation and for the fabrication of polypeptide materials. Herein, we report a simple peptidomimetic that self-assembles into polymorphic β-sheet quaternary structures including protofilaments, filaments, fibri... |
18968004 | Interactions of metal ions with monoaza crown ethers A15C5 and A18C6 carrying dansyl fluorophore as pendant in acetonitrile solution. | The influence of metal cations Li(+), Na(+), K(+), Cs(+), Mg(2+), Ca(2+), Sr(2+), Ba(2+), Co(2+), Ni(2+), Cu(2+), Zn(2+), Pb(2+) and Al(3+) on the spectroscopic properties of the dansyl (1-dimethylaminonaphthalene-5-sulfonyl) group covalently linked to monoaza crown ethers 1-aza-15-crown-5 (1,4,7,10,-tetraoxa-13-azacyc... |
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