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14652194 | The role of acidic residues and of sodium ion adduction on the gas-phase H/D exchange of peptides and peptide dimers. | Gas-phase H/D exchange is widely used for characterizing the structure of ions. However, many structural parameters that affect the rate of H/D exchange are poorly understood, which complicates the interpretation of experimental data. Here, the effects of sodium ion adduction on the rate of H/D exchange with D2O for a ... |
14640663 | On the value of c: can low affinity systems be studied by isothermal titration calorimetry? | Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) allows the determination of DeltaG degrees, DeltaH degrees, and DeltaS degrees from a single experiment and is thus widely used for studying binding thermodynamics in both biological and synthetic supramolecular systems. However, it is widely believed that it is not possible to de... |
14640659 | Dendrimer-encapsulated nanoparticle precursors to supported platinum catalysts. | In this contribution, we report the successful preparation of supported metal catalysts using dendrimer-encapsulated Pt nanoparticles as metal precursors. Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers were first used to template and stabilize Pt nanoparticles prepared in solution. These dendrimer-encapsulated nanoparticles were th... |
14640656 | Energetics of phosphate binding to ammonium and guanidinium containing metallo-receptors in water. | The design and synthesis of receptors containing a Cu(II) binding site with appended ammonium groups (1) and guanidinium groups (2), along with thermodynamics analyses of anion binding, are reported. Both receptors 1 and 2 show high affinities (10(4) M(-1)) and selectivities for phosphate over other anions in 98:2 wate... |
14640651 | Crystal and molecular structures of ionophore-siderophore host-guest supramolecular assemblies relevant to molecular recognition. | Ionophore-siderophore host-guest assemblies composed of 18-crown-6 and ferrioxamine B, benzo-18-crown-6 and ferrioxamine B, and cis-syn-cis-dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 and ferrioxamine B were successfully crystallized, and their structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. All three crystal lattices als... |
14640649 | Supramolecular helices via self-assembly of 8-oxoguanosines. | The cooperative effect of solvophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding has been exploited to self-assemble supramolecular helical architectures of 8-oxoguanosines in different environments. This self-assembly into helical structures is completely different from that of the parent guanosines which, in the same experime... |
14640635 | Molecularly "engineered" anode adsorbates for probing OLED interfacial structure-charge injection/luminance relationships: large, structure-dependent effects. | Molecule-scale structure effects at organic light-emitting diodes (OLED) anode-organic transport layer interfaces are probed via a self-assembly approach. A series of ITO anode-linked silyltriarylamine molecules differing in aryl group and linker density are synthesized for this purpose and used to probe the relationsh... |
14640624 | Reactivity and molecular recognition: amine methylation by an introverted ester. | We report a host molecule with an inwardly directed methyl ester and its reaction with a series of tertiary amines. The reaction product is a complex of the host carboxylate with a guest quaternary ammonium salt. The rate of the reaction is highly dependent on the suitability of the amine to occupy the host cavity and ... |
14640623 | Self-assembly of monodispersed, chiral nanoclusters of cysteine on the Au(110)-(1 x 2) surface. | The self-assembly of monodispersed supramolecular nanoclusters was observed by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The clusters form from the naturally occurring amino acid cysteine by vapor deposition onto the Au(110)-(1 x 2) surface under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. Enantiomerically pure l- and d-cysteine yields cl... |
14640618 | Diversity-oriented synthesis of tamoxifen-type tetrasubstituted olefins. | A general synthetic scheme for tamoxifen-type tetrasubstituted olefins based on the novel Cu-catalyzed carbomagnesation across alkynyl(2-pyridyl)silane has been developed. A wide array of electronically and structurally diverse tetrasubstituted olefins can be prepared in a regiocontrolled, stereocontrolled, and diversi... |
14643976 | Encapsulation and release of the hypnotic agent zolpidem from biodegradable polymer microparticles containing hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin. | The goal of this study was to design a prolonged release system of the hypnotic agent zolpidem (ZP) useful for the treatment of insomnia. In this work, ZP alone or in the presence of HP-beta-CD was encapsulated in microparticles constituted by poly(DL-lactide) (PDLLA) and poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and the dr... |
14644660 | Flavonoids as aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonists/antagonists: effects of structure and cell context. | Chemoprotective phytochemicals exhibit multiple activities and interact with several cellular receptors, including the aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor (AhR). In this study we investigated the AhR agonist/antagonist activities of the following flavonoids: chrysin, phloretin, kaempferol, galangin, naringenin, genistein, q... |
14647206 | Fibulins: physiological and disease perspectives. | The fibulins are a family of proteins that are associated with basement membranes and elastic extracellular matrix fibres. This review summarizes findings from studies of animal models of fibulin deficiency, human fibulin gene mutations, human tumours and injury models that have advanced our understanding of the normal... |
14648760 | Hydrophobic tendencies of polar groups as a major force in molecular recognition. | Proteins and nucleic acids are able to adopt their native conformation and perform their biological role only in the presence of water with which they actively interact in a mutually modifying way. Traditionally, hydrophobic effect has been considered to be the major factor stabilizing biopolymeric structures. However,... |
14648757 | Brownian dynamics simulations of glycolytic enzyme subsets with F-actin. | Previous Brownian dynamics (BD) simulations identified specific basic residues on fructose-1,6-bisphophate aldolase (aldolase) (I. V. Ouporov et al., Biophysical Journal, 1999, Vol. 76, pp. 17-27) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) (I. V. Ouporov et al., Journal of Molecular Recognition, 2001, Vol. 14... |
14648755 | Supramolecular assembly of collagen triblock peptides. | The relationship between primary sequence and collagen triple-helix formation is relatively well characterized, while higher levels of structural assembly from these sequences is poorly understood. To address this gap, a new collagen-like triblock peptide design was used to study the relationship between amino acid seq... |
14645086 | Lipoplex thermodynamics: determination of DNA-cationic lipoid interaction energies. | An experimental study of the cationic lipid-DNA binding affinity is presented. The binding free energy was determined by monitoring lipoplex dissociation under conditions of increasing salt concentration. The primary procedure was based on the extent of quenching by energy transfer of fluorophores on DNA molecules by f... |
14645077 | Bridging the gap between structural and lattice models: a parameterization of energy transfer and trapping in Photosystem I. | In the absence of an accurate structural model, the excited state dynamics of energy-transferring systems are often modeled using lattice models. To demonstrate the validity and other potential merits of such an approach we present the results of the modeling of the energy transfer and trapping in Photosystem I based u... |
14645067 | Structural and functional roles of HIV-1 gp41 pretransmembrane sequence segmentation. | The membrane-proximal segment connecting the helical core with the transmembrane anchor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp41 is accessible to broadly neutralizing antibodies and plays a crucial role in fusion activity. New predictive approaches including computation of interfacial affinity and the corresponding ... |
14645049 | Protein aggregation/folding: the role of deterministic singularities of sequence hydrophobicity as determined by nonlinear signal analysis of acylphosphatase and Abeta(1-40). | The problem of protein folding vs. aggregation was investigated in acylphosphatase and the amyloid protein Abeta(1-40) by means of nonlinear signal analysis of their chain hydrophobicity. Numerical descriptors of recurrence patterns provided the basis for statistical evaluation of folding/aggregation distinctive featur... |
14645047 | Competition between protein folding and aggregation with molecular chaperones in crowded solutions: insight from mesoscopic simulations. | The living cell is inherently crowded with proteins and macromolecules. To avoid aggregation of denatured proteins in the living cell, molecular chaperones play important roles. Here we introduce a simple model to describe crowded protein solutions with chaperone-like species based on a dynamic density functional theor... |
14643314 | Fluorescence resonance energy transfer in a novel cyclodextrin-peptide conjugate for detecting steroid molecules. | A novel cyclodextrin conjugated peptide, 1, having two different fluorophores, coumarin and pyrene, in the side chains has been designed and synthesized. The circular dichroism study reveals that 1 shows typical alpha-helix pattern, and forms intramolecular inclusion complex with coumarin. The fluorescence emission stu... |
14640714 | Determination of enantiomeric compositions of amino acids by near-infrared spectrometry through complexation with carbohydrate. | A new method has been developed for the determination of enantiomeric compositions of a variety of compounds. The method is based on the use of the near-infrared technique to measure diastereomeric interactions between an added carbohydrate compound with both enantiomeric forms of an analyte followed by partial least-s... |
14636828 | Membrane lipid microdomains differentially regulate intracellular signaling events in human neutrophils. | The integrity of lipid microdomains is disrupted after cell treatment with cholesterol-depleting reagents, such as methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (MCD). We investigated the roles of lipid microdomains in the regulation of intracellular signaling events and functional responses in isolated human neutrophils. Treatment of neut... |
14636727 | Biochemical characterization of individual injury pattern and injury severity. | <h4>Background</h4>Estimation of trauma severity currently relies on clinical diagnoses and scoring systems. However, the early estimation of the severity of chest trauma and overall soft tissue trauma (STT) remains insufficient. Traditional trauma scoring systems fail to reflect the individual trauma pattern and sever... |
14636066 | Gamma-secretase activity is present in rafts but is not cholesterol-dependent. | Cholesterol has been claimed to be involved in the generation and/or accumulation of amyloid beta protein (Abeta). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated yet. Here, we have investigated the effect of membrane cholesterol content on gamma-secretase activity using Chinese hamster ovar... |
14638483 | Evaluations of unformulated and formulated dendrimer-based microbicide candidates in mouse and guinea pig models of genital herpes. | Prevention of sexually transmitted infections is a priority in developed and developing countries. One approach to prevention is the use of topical microbicides, and one promising approach is the use of dendrimers, highly branched macromolecules synthesized from a polyfunctional core. Three new dendrimer products devel... |
14634090 | MHC class II-peptide complexes in dendritic cell lipid microdomains initiate the CD4 Th1 phenotype. | We investigated differentiation of CD4 T cells responding to Ag presented by bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DC) in association with MHC class II (MHC II) molecules. Peptides encapsulated in liposomes opsonized by IgG were taken up by endocytosis. MHC II-peptide-specific T cells responding to this Ag were polarize... |
14632525 | Synthesis, crystal structure, and photochromism of novel two-dimensional supramolecular networks based on Keggin-type polyoxoanion and lanthanide coordination cations. | Three new compounds [Ln(NMP)(4)(H(2)O)(4)][H(x)()GeMo(12)O(40)].2NMP.3H(2)O (Ln = Ce(IV) (1), Pr(IV) (2), x = 0; Ln = Nd(III) (3), x = 1; NMP = N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) have been prepared in aqueous solution and characterized by elemental analyses, IR, UV-vis, and TG analyses. The single crystal X-ray diffraction shows ... |
14632503 | Self-assembled silver polyhedra with embedded acetylide dianion stabilized by perfluorocarboxylate and 4-hydroxyquinoline ligands. | Four new silver(I) double salts (L(2)H)(4)[Ag(10)(C(2))(CF(3)CO(2))(12)(L)(2)].5H(2)O (1), [Ag(8)(C(2))(CF(3)CO(2))(6)(L)(6)] (2), [(Ag(2)C(2))(AgC(2)F(5)CO(2))(6)(L)(3)(H(2)O)].H(2)O (3), and (L.H(3)O)(2)[Ag(11)(C(2))(2)(C(2)F(5)CO(2))(9)(H(2)O)(2)].H(2)O (4) incorporating the hitherto unexplored ligand 4-hydroxyquino... |
14632489 | Cooperativity between metal ions in the cleavage of phosphate diesters and RNA by dinuclear Zn(II) catalysts. | A series of ligands containing linked 1,4,7-triazacyclononane macrocycles are studied for the preparation of dinuclear Zn(II) complexes including 1,3-bis(1,4,7-triazacyclonon-1-yl)-2-hydroxypropane (L2OH), 1,5-bis(1,4,7-triazacyclonon-1-yl)pentane (L3), 2,9-bis(1-methyl-1,4,7-triazacyclonon-1-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline (L... |
14632480 | Homochiral Zn and Cd coordination polymers containing amino acid-tetrazole ligands. | The reactions of (S)-3-cyanophenylalanine with NaN(3) in the presence of H(2)O and Lewis acids (ZnCl(2) and CdCl(2)) afford two unprecedented 3D homochiral networks, mono[(S)-5-(3-tetrazoyl)-phenylalaninato]zinc(II) (1) and mono[(S)-5-(3-tetrazoyl)-phenylalaninato]cadmium(II) monoaqua(II) (2), respectively. The two com... |
14632477 | The first solvent-free cyclotrimerization reaction of arylethynes catalyzed by rhodium porphyrins. | Different rhodium(III) porphyrin chlorides have been used as catalysts for the cyclotrimerization of several arylethynes, giving in many cases high yields in substituted benzenes and selectivities based on the steric hindrance of the macrocycles and on the substitution of the substrates. |
14633998 | Decatenation of DNA circles by FtsK-dependent Xer site-specific recombination. | DNA replication results in interlinked (catenated) sister duplex molecules as a consequence of the intertwined helices that comprise duplex DNA. DNA topoisomerases play key roles in decatenation. We demonstrate a novel, efficient and directional decatenation process in vitro, which uses the combination of the Escherich... |
14633993 | FinO is an RNA chaperone that facilitates sense-antisense RNA interactions. | The protein FinO represses F-plasmid conjugative transfer by facilitating interactions between the mRNA of the major F-plasmid transcriptional activator, TraJ, and an antisense RNA, FinP. FinO is known to bind stem-loop structures in both FinP and traJ RNAs; however, the mechanism by which FinO facilitates sense-antise... |
14633627 | MKK3 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway mediates carbon monoxide-induced protection against oxidant-induced lung injury. | The stress-inducible gene heme oxygenase (HO-1) has previously been shown to provide cytoprotection against oxidative stress. The mechanism(s) by which HO-1 provides this cytoprotection is poorly understood. We demonstrate here that carbon monoxide (CO), a byproduct released during the degradation of heme by HO, plays ... |
14629556 | Self-assembly and recrystallization of bacterial S-layer proteins at silicon supports imaged in real time by atomic force microscopy. | The self-assembly of bacterial surface-layer (S-layer) proteins (SbpA of Bacillus sphaericus CCM 2177) at silicon supports (hydrophobic, non-plasma-treated and hydrophilic, O2 plasma-treated silicon supports) was imaged in real time by atomic force microscopy (AFM). A closed mosaic layer consisting of small crystals (l... |
14629553 | TectoRNA and 'kissing-loop' RNA: atomic force microscopy of self-assembling RNA structures. | RNA molecules have been much less studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM) than have DNA molecules. In this paper, AFM imaging is presented for two different RNA molecules able to self-assemble into complex supramolecular architectures. The first one is a molecular dimer of a 230-nt RNA fragment coming from the RNA gen... |
14630238 | Coagels from alkanoyl-6-O-ascorbic acid derivatives as drug carriers: structure and rheology. | 6-O-Ascorbic acid alkanoates (ASCn, where n is the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl chain) behave as surfactants and form stable supramolecular assemblies in water, depending on chemical structure, concentration and temperature. In concentrated water dispersions, ASCn form liquid crystalline structures ('coagels'), ... |
14627732 | Accommodation of a highly symmetric core within a symmetric protein superfold. | An alternative core packing group, involving a set of five positions, has been introduced into human acidic FGF-1. This alternative group was designed so as to constrain the primary structure within the core region to the same threefold symmetry present in the tertiary structure of the protein fold (the beta-trefoil su... |
14627839 | Improved detection of differentially expressed genes in microarray experiments through multiple scanning and image integration. | The variability of results in microarray technology is in part due to the fact that independent scans of a single hybridised microarray give spot images that are not quite the same. To solve this problem and turn it to our advantage, we introduced the approach of multiple scanning and of image integration of microarray... |
14627833 | Structure-specific binding of the proto-oncogene protein DEK to DNA. | The ubiquitous proto-oncogene protein DEK has been found to be associated with chromatin during the entire cell cycle. It changes the topology of DNA in chromatin and protein-free DNA through the introduction of positive supercoils. The sequence and structure specificities of DEK-DNA interactions are not completely und... |
14627828 | Exhaustive identification of interaction domains using a high-throughput method based on two-hybrid screening and PCR-convergence: molecular dissection of a kinetochore subunit Spc34p. | The Dam1 complex, also known as DASH complex, is the outer kinetochore protein complex of yeast that plays a crucial role in attachment of kinetochore to microtubule. The Dam1 complex is formed by at least nine proteins including Dam1p, Duo1p, Dad1p, Spc19p and Spc34p. In this study, domains of Spc34p that physically i... |
14627823 | Hairpin-duplex equilibrium reflected in the A-->B transition in an undecamer quasi-palindrome present in the locus control region of the human beta-globin gene cluster. | Our recent work on an A-->G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at the quasi-palindromic sequence d(TGGGG[A/G]CCCCA) of HS4 of the human beta-globin locus control region in an Indian population showed a significant association between the G allele and the occurrence of beta-thalassemia. Using UV-thermal denaturation, ... |
12974674 | Deglycosylation of glycoproteins with trifluoromethanesulphonic acid: elucidation of molecular structure and function. | The alteration of proteins by post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation, sulphation, processing by proteolysis, lipid attachment and glycosylation, gives rise to a broad range of molecules that can have an identical underlying protein core. An understanding of glycosylation of proteins is important in... |
12956625 | Structural and biochemical characterization of a new type of lectin isolated from carp eggs. | A previously unidentified glycoprotein present in the eggs of the carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) was isolated and structurally characterized. The protein binds to a Sepharose 4B matrix and can be eluted with 0.4 M N -acetylglucosamine. The protein has an apparent molecular mass of 26686.3 Da. On the basis of gel-filtration c... |
14625472 | Immunologic alterations associated with high blood transfusion volume after multiple injury: effects on plasmatic cytokine and cytokine receptor concentrations. | The initial transfusion therapy after trauma has been identified as an independent risk factor for the incidence of multiple organ failure (MOF). Late occurrence of MOF in severely injured patients may be a clinical consequence of disturbed mediator homeostasis. For this reason, levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and... |
14625470 | Abdominal compartment syndrome: the cause or effect of postinjury multiple organ failure. | Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) has emerged to be a significant problem in patients who develop postinjury multiple organ failure (MOF). Current laboratory research suggests that ACS could be a second hit for the development of MOF. Recent studies demonstrate that ACS is an independent predictor of MOF and that th... |
14624000 | Inhibition of Escherichia coli RNase P by oligonucleotide directed misfolding of RNA. | Oligonucleotide directed misfolding of RNA (ODMiR) uses short oligonucleotides to inhibit RNA function by exploiting the ability of RNA to fold into different structures with similar free energies. It is shown that the 2'-O-methyl oligonucleotide, m(CAGCCUACCCGG), can trap Escherichia coli RNase P RNA (M1 RNA) in a non... |
14623426 | Immobilization behavior of methyl tert-butyl ether by cyclodextrins. | The immobilization behavior of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) by various cyclodextrins (CDs) was studied. Although it has a low hydrophobic character and high polarity compared to other organics, MTBE was effectively immobilized by CDs. The immobilization isotherm was a type of Freundlich isotherm. The immobilization c... |
14624493 | Novel poly(ethylene glycol) scaffolds crosslinked by hydrolyzable polyrotaxane for cartilage tissue engineering. | Highly porous poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogel scaffolds crosslinked with hydrolyzable polyrotaxane for cartilage tissue engineering were prepared by a solvent casting/salt leaching technique. The resultant scaffolds have well interconnected microporous structures ranging from 87 to 90%. Pore sizes ranging from 115... |
14617352 | Compromise of clathrin function and membrane association by clathrin light chain deletion. | While clathrin heavy chains from different species are highly conserved in amino acid sequence, clathrin light chains are much more divergent. Thus clathrin light chain may have different functions in different organisms. To investigate clathrin light chain function, we cloned the clathrin light chain, clcA, from Dicty... |
14617348 | Contribution of cysteines to clathrin trimerization domain stability and mapping of light chain binding. | The three-legged or triskelion shape of clathrin is critical for the formation of polyhedral lattices around clathrin-coated vesicles. Filamentous legs radiate from a common vertex, with amino acids 1550-1615 contributed by each leg to define the trimerization domain (Liu S-H, Wong ML, Craik CS, Brodsky FM. Cell 1995; ... |
14617666 | The quorum sensing negative regulators EsaR and ExpR(Ecc), homologues within the LuxR family, retain the ability to function as activators of transcription. | Most LuxR homologues function as activators of transcription during the process of quorum sensing, but a few, including EsaR and ExpR(Ecc), negatively impact gene expression. The LuxR-activated luxI promoter and LuxR binding site, the lux box, were used in artificial contexts to assess the potential for transcriptional... |
14617662 | Crystal structure of Bacillus subtilis alpha-amylase in complex with acarbose. | The crystal structure of Bacillus subtilis alpha-amylase, in complex with the pseudotetrasaccharide inhibitor acarbose, revealed an hexasaccharide in the active site as a result of transglycosylation. After comparison with the known structure of the catalytic-site mutant complexed with the native substrate maltopentaos... |
14617652 | Quinolone resistance due to reduced target enzyme expression. | We report for the first time low-level quinolone resistance mediated by decreased expression of topoisomerase IV in Staphylococcus aureus. A single-step mutant of wild-type S. aureus strain ISP794, P18 selected by using twice the MIC of premafloxacin, had four- and four- to eightfold greater MICs of premafloxacin and c... |
14616419 | Pulmonary drug delivery. Part II: the role of inhalant delivery devices and drug formulations in therapeutic effectiveness of aerosolized medications. | Research in the area of pulmonary drug delivery has gathered momentum in the last several years, with increased interest in using the lung as a means of delivering drugs systemically. Advances in device technology have led to the development of more efficient delivery systems capable of delivering larger doses and fine... |
14616409 | Effect of food on the pharmacokinetics of multiple-dose oral voriconazole. | <h4>Aims</h4>Voriconazole is a new triazole antifungal agent with activity against a range of clinically important and emerging pathogens. This study determined the effect of food on the pharmacokinetics of voriconazole in healthy volunteers.<h4>Methods</h4>This was an open, randomized, two-way crossover, multiple-dose... |
14612416 | Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 hnRNP A/B-dependent exonic splicing silencer ESSV antagonizes binding of U2AF65 to viral polypyrimidine tracts. | Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) exonic splicing silencers (ESSs) inhibit production of certain spliced viral RNAs by repressing alternative splicing of the viral precursor RNA. Several HIV-1 ESSs interfere with spliceosome assembly by binding cellular hnRNP A/B proteins. Here, we have further characterized ... |
14613225 | Quantitative assessment of collagen assembly by live cells. | Changes in supramolecular assembly of matrix, specifically collagen, have important functional consequences, especially for tissues requiring high mechanical strength. Thus modulation of collagen assembly could be used as a therapeutic intervention or to control the development of tissue-engineered constructs containin... |
14610214 | Anti-human immunodeficiency virus activity of tau interferon in human macrophages: involvement of cellular factors and beta-chemokines. | Tau interferon (IFN-tau) is a noncytotoxic type I IFN responsible for maternal recognition of the fetus in ruminants. IFN-tau inhibits human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication more strongly than human IFN-alpha, particularly in human monocyte-derived macrophages. In this study performed in human macrophages, IFN-... |
14610207 | Binding of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 to immature dendritic cells can occur independently of DC-SIGN and mannose binding C-type lectin receptors via a cholesterol-dependent pathway. | Interactions of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) with immature dendritic cells (DC) are believed to be multifactorial and involve binding to the CD4 antigen, DC-specific ICAM-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN), mannose binding C-type lectin receptors (MCLR), and heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG). In this st... |
14610179 | Mutations within the P2 domain of norovirus capsid affect binding to human histo-blood group antigens: evidence for a binding pocket. | Noroviruses (NORs) are an important cause of acute gastroenteritis. Recent studies of NOR receptors showed that different NORs bind to different histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs), and at least four distinct binding patterns were observed. To determine the structure-function relationship for NORs and their receptors, t... |
14610177 | Role for influenza virus envelope cholesterol in virus entry and infection. | Enveloped viruses are highly dependent on their lipid envelopes for entry into and infection of host cells. Here, we have examined the role of cholesterol in the virus envelope, using methyl-beta-cyclodextrin depletion. Pretreatment of virions with methyl-beta-cyclodextrin efficiently depleted envelope cholesterol from... |
14607238 | Preparation and spectral investigation on inclusion complex of beta-cyclodextrin with rutin. | Solid inclusion complex of rutin with beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) was prepared by coprecipitate method. The formation of inclusion complex was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction. The formation constant was obtained by steady-state fluorescence measurements and the result suggeste... |
14607235 | Study on inclusion interaction of piroxicam with beta-cyclodextrin derivatives. | The inclusion behavior of piroxicam (PX) with beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD), hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CD), and carboxymethyl-beta-cyclodextrin (CM-beta-CD) was investigated by using steady-state fluorescence and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique. The various factors affecting the inclusion proces... |
14607221 | Selective complex formation of some chromogenic calix[4]arene derivatives detected by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy 2. Solid experiments. | Two chromogenic calix[4]arene derivatives having identical coordination sphere (consisting of ester groups) but different chromogenic units (pyridinium type and dinitro-phenyl type) were the subject of structural studies with sodium(I) and thallium(I) ions in solid state, both as bulk and surface complexes. Their diffu... |
14607371 | Interaction of beta-cyclodextrin with cadmium(II) ions. | Reduction of Cd(II) on a dropping mercury electrode was used to study interaction of beta-cyclodextrin with Cd(II) ions. It was found that Cd(II) forms Cdbeta-CD(OH)(2)(2-) hydroxy-complex with the anion of beta-cyclodextrin in alkaline solutions (pH>11), the logarithm of stability constant being 10.4+/-0.1 (20 degrees... |
14603492 | Inhibitory effect of sulfobutyl ether beta-cyclodextrin on DY-9760e-induced cellular damage: In vitro and in vivo studies. | The effects of water-soluble beta-cyclodextrin derivatives (beta-CyDs), such as 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CyD) and sulfobutyl ether beta-cyclodextrin (SBE7-beta-CyD) on cytotoxicity of DY-9760e (3-[2-[4-(3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl]-5,6-dimethoxy-1-(4-imidazolylmethyl)-1H-indazole dihy... |
14603490 | Inclusion of acitretin into cyclodextrins: phase solubility, photostability, and physicochemical characterization. | Acitretin, a retinoid for the treatment of severe psoriasis, exhibits extremely low aqueous solubility and high photosensitivity. This study investigated the effects of the complexation of acitretin with the respective hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPBCD) and randomly substituted methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (RMBCD) on ... |
14568243 | Interfacial molecular recognition between polysaccharides and calcium carbonate during crystallization. | Based on the basic principles of biomineralization, using beta-cyclodextrin, hepatin and soluble starch as organic matrices, employing the biomimetic method, the crystallization of CaCO(3) was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray powder diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electronic micros... |
14531053 | Tork: Conformational analysis method for molecules and complexes. | A conformational search method for organic molecules and bimolecular complexes is presented. The method, termed Tork, uses normal-mode analysis in bond-angle-torsion coordinates and focuses on a key subset of torsional coordinates to identify natural molecular motions that lead the initial conformation to new energy mi... |
15127941 | Chimeric NDP-MSH and MTII melanocortin peptides with agouti-related protein (AGRP) Arg-Phe-Phe amino acids possess agonist melanocortin receptor activity. | Agouti-related protein (AGRP) is one of only two known endogenous antagonists of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Specifically, AGRP antagonizes the brain melanocortin-3 and -4 receptors involved in energy homeostasis, regulation of feeding behavior, and obesity. Alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) is ... |
15040095 | [Study on pulmonary delivery of peptide drugs in rats: effects of absorption enhancers on cellular membrane fluidity]. | <h4>Aim</h4>To study the relationship between cellular membrane fluidity and relative bioavailability (Fr) of protein and peptide drugs combined with absorption enhancers after pulmonary administration in rats.<h4>Methods</h4>A series of model drug salmon calcitonin (sCT) solutions with 6 absorption enhancers (Brij78, ... |
15002127 | Synthesis of dendrimer-stabilized gold-polypyrrole core-shell nanoparticles. | Core-shell composite nanoparticles consisting of a gold core and polypyrrole shell were prepared and stabilized with the poly(amidoamine) dendrimer. An in situ redox polymerization technique was used in which pyrrole reduced Au3+ to Au and then oxidized to polypyrrole. The presence of gold nanoparticles as a core was c... |
15001170 | The protean immune cell synapse: a supramolecular structure with many functions. | Heterogeneity in the supramolecular organization of immunological synapses arises from the involvement of different cells, distinct environmental stimuli, and varying levels of protein expression. There may also be heterogeneity in the types and amounts of cell surface proteins and lipids that transfer between lymphocy... |
14983070 | Structural background of cyclodextrin-protein interactions. | Cyclodextrins are cyclic oligosaccharides with the shape of a hollow truncated cone. Their exterior is hydrophilic and their cavity is hydrophobic, which gives cyclodextrins the ability to accommodate hydrophobic molecules/moieties in the cavity. This special molecular arrangement accounts for the variety of beneficial... |
14976025 | Molecular assembly and self-assembly: molecular nanoscience for future technologies. | In this review the emerging science of single molecules is discussed in the perspective of nanoscale molecular functions and devices. New methods for the controlled assembly of well-defined molecular nanostructures are presented: self assembly and single molecular positioning. The observation and selective modification... |
14976014 | Electrical transport study of phenylene-based pi-conjugated molecules in a three-terminal geometry. | We fabricated three-terminal devices with conjugated molecules. Two different device layouts were used to measure both very short molecules (with one or two benzene rings) and relatively long ones (as long as 8 nm). To achieve an optimum gate effect, we used aluminum gates covered with a very thin native oxide layer. M... |
14769878 | Effects of essential carbohydrate/aromatic stacking interaction with Tyr100 and Phe259 on substrate binding of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from alkalophilic Bacillus sp. 1011. | The stacking interaction between a tyrosine residue and the sugar ring at the catalytic subsite -1 is strictly conserved in the glycoside hydrolase family 13 enzymes. Replacing Tyr100 with leucine in cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase) from Bacillus sp. 1011 to prevent stacking significantly decreased all CGTase ... |
14737330 | Synthesis of poly(para-phenylenevinylene) rotaxanes by aqueous Suzuki coupling. | PPV-based polyrotaxanes have been prepared by coupling vinyl boronic acids to aryl iodides in the presence of cyclodextrins, and the crystal structure of a [2]rotaxane of this type has been determined. |
14646088 | Expression and crystallographic characterization of the extracellular domain of human natural killer cell triggering receptor NKp46. | Human natural killer (NK) cells are regulated in their cytolytic activity by a delicate interplay between activating and inhibitory signals related to distinct families of triggering and inhibitory receptor proteins. NKp46 is a major NK cell-specific triggering receptor involved in the recognition and lysis of human an... |
14641909 | Identification and phylogenetic analysis of Dictyostelium discoideum kinesin proteins. | <h4>Background</h4>Kinesins constitute a large superfamily of motor proteins in eukaryotic cells. They perform diverse tasks such as vesicle and organelle transport and chromosomal segregation in a microtubule- and ATP-dependent manner. In recent years, the genomes of a number of eukaryotic organisms have been complete... |
14737316 | Self-assembly of a molecular figure-of-eight strip. | A hexanuclear copper(ii) complex with a figure-of-eight strip topology is formed by metal-directed self-assembly of tritopic ligand L, bis-bidentate glycine hydroxamic acid and Cu(ii) ions in a 2:2:6 ratio. |
14644772 | Depletion of plasma membrane cholesterol dampens hydrostatic pressure and shear stress-induced mechanotransduction pathways in osteoblast cultures. | The preferential association of cholesterol and sphingolipids within plasma membranes forms organized compartments termed lipid rafts. Addition of caveolin proteins to this lipid milieu induces the formation of specialized invaginated plasma membrane structures called caveolae. Both lipid rafts and caveolae are purport... |
15356750 | Metal ion recognition via 'selective detuning'. The interaction of selected transition and post-transition metal ions with a mono-N-benzylated O2N3-donor macrocycle and its xylyl-bridged ring analogue. | The interaction of cobalt(II), nickel(II), copper(II), zinc(II), cadmium(II), silver(I) and lead(II) with symmetrical mono-N-benzylated and xylyl-linked macrocyclic ligands derived from the O2N3-macrocycle, 1,12,15-triaza-3,4:9,10-dibenzo-5,8-dioxacycloheptadecane, has been investigated. The log K values for the respec... |
14737549 | Preparation of a novel diphosphine-palladium macrocyclic complex possessing a molecular recognition site. Oxidative addition studies. | A disphosphine-palladium(0) complex capable of recognising barbiturates has been prepared. Oxidative addition studies with a barbitiurate:aryl iodide conjugate provided new Pd(ii) complexes where the positioning of the Pd-bound aryl group is controlled by the molecular recognition event. |
14737334 | Selective 1,3-complexation of p-(t)Bu-calix[4]arene by [TiCp(2)Me(2)]. | Reaction of p-(t)Bu-calix[4]arene with dimethyl titanocene results in high yield selective 1,3-dimetallation of the calixarene in the cone conformation by selective cleavage of one methyl group. |
14683269 | Spin quantum tunneling via entangled states in a dimer of exchange-coupled single-molecule magnets. | A new family of supramolecular, antiferromagnetically exchange-coupled dimers of single-molecule magnets (SMMs) has recently been reported. Each SMM acts as a bias on its neighbor, shifting the quantum tunneling resonances of the individual SMMs. Hysteresis loop measurements on a single crystal of SMM dimers have now e... |
14645717 | Cu nanocrystal growth on peptide nanotubes by biomineralization: size control of Cu nanocrystals by tuning peptide conformation. | With recent interest in seeking new biologically inspired device-fabrication methods in nanotechnology, a new biological approach was examined to fabricate Cu nanotubes by using sequenced histidine-rich peptide nanotubes as templates. The sequenced histidine-rich peptide molecules were assembled as nanotubes, and the b... |
14645714 | Structural basis of peptide-carbohydrate mimicry in an antibody-combining site. | The structure of a complex between the Fab fragment of the antibody (SYA/J6) specific for the cell surface O-antigen polysaccharide of the pathogen Shigella flexneri Y and an octapeptide (Met-Asp-Trp-Asn-Met-His-Ala-Ala), a functional mimic of the O-antigen, has been determined at 1.8-A resolution. Comparison of the st... |
14737541 | A three dimensional porous metal-organic framework [Fe4L6.(DMF)3.(H2O)10] constructed from neutral discrete Fe4L6 pyramids [H2L = 1,3-benzodihydroxamix acid]. | A 3-D porous zeolite-like metal-organic framework surviving guest removal is assembled from a well-defined tetrahedral Fe(4)L(6) cavity by the cooperativity of hydrogen bonds and [small pi]-[small pi] stacking. |
14634846 | Conformational preferences of 1,4,7-trithiacyclononane: a molecular mechanics and density functional theory study. | Conformational preferences of 1,4,7-trithiacyclononane were studied using a highly efficient sampling technique based on local nonstochastic deformations and the MM2(91) force field. The results show that conformers that the molecule adopts in the crystal state were found to be low-energy conformers (LECs) within 5 kca... |
14633971 | Structural and biochemical analyses of DNA and RNA binding by a bifunctional homing endonuclease and group I intron splicing factor. | We determined the crystal structure of a bifunctional group I intron splicing factor and homing endonuclease, termed the I-AniI maturase, in complex with its DNA target at 2.6 A resolution. The structure demonstrates the remarkable structural conservation of the beta-sheet DNA-binding motif between highly divergent enz... |
15356747 | Stability and kinetics of the acid-promoted decomposition of Cu(II) complexes with hexaazacyclophanes: kinetic studies as a probe to detect changes in the coordination mode of the macrocycles. | The synthesis, protonation and Cu(II) coordination features of the novel azacyclophane type receptors 2,6,10,13,17,21-hexaza[22]-(2,6)-pyridinophane (L2), 2,6,9,12,15,19-hexaza[20]-(2,6)-pyridinophane (L5) and 2,6,9,12,15,19-hexaza[20]metacyclophane (L6) are presented. The protonation and Cu(II) constants are analysed ... |
14737524 | Inherent helicity in an extended tris-bipyridyl molecular cage. | A new molecular cage incorporating three bipyridyl units has been synthesised by a conventional multi-step procedure as well as, much more efficiently, by a Ni(ii) template procedure; an X-ray structure of the nickel complex shows that it adopts an exo configuration of each of the bridgehead nitrogen lone pairs, the ce... |
14630959 | Import of the peroxisomal targeting signal type 2 protein 3-ketoacyl-coenzyme a thiolase into glyoxysomes. | Most peroxisomal matrix proteins possess a carboxy-terminal tripeptide targeting signal, termed peroxisomal targeting signal type 1 (PTS1), and follow a relatively well-characterized pathway of import into the organelle. The peroxisomal targeting signal type 2 (PTS2) pathway of peroxisomal matrix protein import is less... |
14630916 | Sensitization of epidermal growth factor-induced signaling by bradykinin is mediated by c-Src. Implications for a role of lipid microdomains. | Communication between receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)- and G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-mediated signaling systems has received increasing attention in recent years. Here, we report that activation of G protein-coupled bradykinin B2 receptor induces an up-regulation of cellular responses mediated by epidermal growt... |
14624696 | Polymorphism in clinical immunology - From HLA typing to immunogenetic profiling. | The pathology of humans, in contrast to that of inbred laboratory animals faces the challenge of diversity addressed in genetic terms as polymorphism. Thus, unsurprisingly, treatment modalities that successfully can be applied to carefully-selected pre-clinical models only sporadically succeed in the clinical arena. In... |
14737347 | A general entry to linear, dendritic and branched thiourea-linked glycooligomers as new motifs for phosphate ester recognition in water. | A blockwise iterative synthetic strategy for the preparation of linear, dendritic and branched full-carbohydrate architectures has been developed by using sugar azido(carbamate) isothiocyanates as key templates; the presence of intersaccharide thiourea bridges provides anchoring points for hydrogen bond-directed molecu... |
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