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14699089 | AHNAK interaction with the annexin 2/S100A10 complex regulates cell membrane cytoarchitecture. | Remodelling of the plasma membrane cytoarchitecture is crucial for the regulation of epithelial cell adhesion and permeability. In Madin-Darby canine kidney cells, the protein AHNAK relocates from the cytosol to the cytosolic surface of the plasma membrane during the formation of cell-cell contacts and the development ... |
14699068 | Tumor necrosis factor-alpha promotes survival of opossum kidney cells via Cdc42-induced phospholipase C-gamma1 activation and actin filament redistribution. | Although the renal proximal tubular epithelial cells are targeted in a variety of inflammatory diseases of the kidney, the signaling mechanism by which tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha exerts its effects in these cells remains unclear. Here, we report that TNF-alpha elicits antiapoptotic effects in opossum kidney cell... |
14993951 | Temperature effects on the quenching of the 5D0-->7F2 emission of Eu(6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-2,2-dimethyl-3,5-octanedionate)3 by a Cu(II) macrocycle. | Luminescence quenching of Eu(fod)3(fod = 6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-2,2-dimethyl-3,5-octanedionate) by a Cu(II) macrocycle was studied at 25, 35 and 45 degrees C by steady-state and flash luminescence techniques, varying the Cu(II) concentration between 0.2 and 20 mM. Experimental variation of the observed rate constant... |
14691674 | Molecular dynamics simulation of hepatitis C virus IRES IIId domain: structural behavior, electrostatic and energetic analysis. | The dynamic behavior of the HCV IRES IIId domain is analyzed by means of a 2.6-ns molecular dynamics simulation, starting from an NMR structure. The simulation is carried out in explicit water with Na+ counterions, and particle-mesh Ewald summation is used for the electrostatic interactions. In this work, we analyze se... |
14694192 | Protein topology determines binding mechanism. | Protein recognition and binding, which result in either transient or long-lived complexes, play a fundamental role in many biological functions, but sometimes also result in pathologic aggregates. We use a simplified simulation model to survey a range of systems where two highly flexible protein chains form a homodimer... |
14694203 | Structure of HrcQB-C, a conserved component of the bacterial type III secretion systems. | Type III secretion systems enable plant and animal bacterial pathogens to deliver virulence proteins into the cytosol of eukaryotic host cells, causing a broad spectrum of diseases including bacteremia, septicemia, typhoid fever, and bubonic plague in mammals, and localized lesions, systemic wilting, and blights in pla... |
14747862 | Cyclodextrin complexation of a stilbene and the self-assembly of a simple molecular device. | (E)-4-tert-Butyl-4'-oxystilbene, 1(-), is thermally stable as the (E)-1(-) isomer but may be photoisomerized to the (Z)-1(-) isomer as shown by UV-vis and (1)H NMR studies in aqueous solution. When (E)-1(-) is complexed by alphaCD two inclusion isomers (includomers) form in which alphaCD assumes either of the two possi... |
14691246 | Sequence determinants of amyloid fibril formation. | The establishment of rules that link sequence and amyloid feature is critical for our understanding of misfolding diseases. To this end, we have performed a saturation mutagenesis analysis on the de novo-designed amyloid peptide STVIIE (1). The positional scanning mutagenesis has revealed that there is a position depen... |
14704786 | Design and synthesis of self-ordered mesoporous nanocomposite through controlled in-situ crystallization. | Mesoporous materials are of technological interest because of their applications ranging from catalysts, molecular sieves, separation technology and gas sensors, to batteries and electronics. Here we demonstrate a synthetic methodology that allows us to create an ordered mesoporous nanocomposite with a crystalline oxid... |
14704783 | Controlled assembly of dendrimer-like DNA. | DNA possesses many desirable chemical/physical properties as a polymeric material. With the myriad of tools available to manipulate DNA, there is great potential for using DNA as a generic instead of a genetic material. Although much progress has been made in DNA computing and DNA nanotechnology, the full achievement o... |
14712058 | 6a,6b,12a,12b-Tetrahydrocycloocta[3,4]cyclobuta[1,2][8]annulene. | The cis,syn,cis-tricyclic [2+2]-dimer of cyclooctatetraene, C(16)H(16), crystallizes in space group Pca2(1) with two molecules in the asymmetric unit. An extensive network of weak C-H...pi(C[double bond]C) interactions between the two independent molecules, A and B, as well as A...A and B...B interactions, are observed... |
14712028 | Mer-(4-aminobenzenesulfonato-kappa N)triaqua(1,10-phenanthroline-kappa 2N,N')cobalt(II) chloride. | Both coordination and hydrogen bonds contribute to networking in the supramolecular title compound, [Co(C(6)H(6)NO(3)S)(C(12)H(8)N(2))(H(2)O)(3)]Cl, which contains a discrete [Co(C(6)H(6)NO(3)S)(C(12)H(8)N(2))(H(2)O)(3)](+) complex cation, formed by one 4-aminobenzenesulfonate ligand, one 1,10-phenanthroline ligand and... |
14687414 | The tyranny of adenosine recognition among RNA aptamers to coenzyme A. | <h4>Background</h4>Understanding the diversity of interactions between RNA aptamers and nucleotide cofactors promises both to facilitate the design of new RNA enzymes that utilize these cofactors and to constrain models of RNA World evolution. In previous work, we isolated six pools of high affinity RNA aptamers to coe... |
14688204 | Role of direct RhoA-phospholipase D1 interaction in mediating adenosine-induced protection from cardiac ischemia. | Activation of adenosine A1 or A3 receptors protects heart cells from ischemia-induced injury. The A3 receptor signals via RhoA and phospholipase D (PLD) to induce cardioprotection. The objective of the study was to investigate how RhoA activates PLD to achieve the anti-ischemic effect of adenosine A3 receptors. In an e... |
14685257 | Structural basis of ligand recognition by PABC, a highly specific peptide-binding domain found in poly(A)-binding protein and a HECT ubiquitin ligase. | The C-terminal domain of poly(A)-binding protein (PABC) is a peptide-binding domain found in poly(A)-binding proteins (PABPs) and a HECT (homologous to E6-AP C-terminus) family E3 ubiquitin ligase. In protein synthesis, the PABC domain of PABP functions to recruit several translation factors possessing the PABP-interac... |
14740033 | Spin labeling monitors weak host-guest interactions. | A resorcinarene bearing four TEMPO units recognizes small molecules in solutions. |
14679310 | The role of annexin 2 in osteoblastic mineralization. | While the basic cellular contributions to bone differentiation and mineralization are widely accepted, the regulation of these processes at the intracellular level remains inadequately understood. Our laboratory recently identified annexin 2 as a protein involved in osteoblastic mineralization. Annexin 2 was overexpres... |
14679167 | Different transport routes for high density lipoprotein and its associated free sterol in polarized hepatic cells. | We analyzed the intracellular transport of HDL and its associated free sterol in polarized human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Using pulse-chase protocols, we demonstrated that HDL labeled with Alexa 488 at the apolipoprotein (Alexa 488-HDL) was internalized by a scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI)-dependent process at t... |
14675488 | Emerging Applications of Bacterial Spores in Nanobiotechnology. | Bacterial spores are robust and dormant life forms with formidable resistance properties, in part, attributable to the multiple layers of protein that encase the spore in a protective and flexible shield. The coat has a number of features pertinent to the emerging field of nanobiotechnology including self-assembling pr... |
15221510 | The facile HPLC enantioresolution of amino acids, peptides on naphthylethylcarbamate-beta-cyclodextrin bonded phases using the acetonitrile-based mobile phase after their pre-column derivatization with phenyl isothiocyanate: factors that affect the resolution. | A variety of alpha-amino acids are enantioresolved for the first time on naphthylethylcarbamate-beta-cyclodextrin bonded phases (i.e., SN- and RN-beta-CD) using the acetonitrile-based mobile phase after their pre-column derivatization with phenyl isothiocyanate in alkaline medium. The resolution is better obtained on R... |
14747856 | Directed, selective insertion of single molecules into patterned self-assembled monolayers of alkanethiols with different chain lengths. | Pd(ii) pincer adsorbate molecules (1) were inserted into self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of alkanethiols with different chain lengths (C(8) to C(18)) on annealed gold substrates. Their presence was brought to expression by reaction of with Au nanoclusters bearing phosphine moieties (2). The surface-confined Au nanoclu... |
14676326 | Antitumor efficacy of cytotoxic drugs and the monoclonal antibody 806 is enhanced by the EGF receptor inhibitor AG1478. | Blockade of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling with specific inhibitors of the EGFR tyrosine kinase retards cellular proliferation and arrests the growth of tumor xenografts. AG1478, an inhibitor of the EGFR tyrosine kinase, is used in laboratory studies; however, its therapeutic potential has not been e... |
14676320 | Electroosmotic enhancement of the binding of a neutral molecule to a transmembrane pore. | The flux of solvent water coupled to the transit of ions through protein pores is considerable. The effect of this electroosmotic solvent flow on the binding of a neutral molecule [beta-cyclodextrin (betaCD)] to sites within the staphylococcal alpha-hemolysin pore was investigated. Mutant alpha-hemolysin pores were use... |
14676208 | Site of docking and fusion of insulin secretory granules in live MIN6 beta cells analyzed by TAT-conjugated anti-syntaxin 1 antibody and total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. | To determine the site of insulin exocytosis in the pancreatic beta cell plasma membrane, we analyzed the interaction between the docking/fusion of green fluorescent protein-tagged insulin granules and syntaxin 1 labeled by TAT-conjugated Cy3-labeled antibody (Ab) using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy ... |
14712050 | 2-Chlorophenyl 3-nitrobenzenesulfonate and 2,4-dichlorophenyl 3-nitrobenzenesulfonate: supramolecular aggregation through C-H...O, pi-pi and van der Waals interactions. | In 2-chlorophenyl 3-nitrobenzenesulfonate, C(12)H(8)ClNO(5)S, and 2,4-dichlorophenyl 3-nitrobenzenesulfonate, C(12)H(7)Cl(2)NO(5)S, weak C-H...O interactions generate S(5), S(6) and R(2)(2)(7) rings. The supramolecular aggregation is completed by the presence of pi-pi interactions and intermolecular van der Waals short... |
14712023 | Catena-poly[bis[aqua(2,2-bipyridine-kappa 2N,N')cobalt(II)]-mu-1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylato-kappa 4O1:O2:O3:O4]. | In the title complex, [Co(2)(C(10)H(2)O(8))(C(10)H(8)N(2))(2)(H(2)O)(2)], the four carboxylate groups are fully deprotonated and coordinate to four Co(II) cations in a monodentate fashion, forming a one-dimensional ribbon-like double-chain structure, with centrosymmetric [Co(2)(C(10)H(2)O(8))(C(10)H(8)N(2))(2)(H(2)O)(2... |
14673117 | Visualizing lipid structure and raft domains in living cells with two-photon microscopy. | The lateral organization of cellular membranes is formed by the clustering of specific lipids, such as cholesterol and sphingolipids, into highly condensed domains (termed lipid rafts). Hence such domains are distinct from the remaining membrane by their lipid structure (liquid-ordered vs. -disordered domains). Here, w... |
14673116 | Domain movements of HAP2 in the cap-filament complex formation and growth process of the bacterial flagellum. | The cap at the growing end of the bacterial flagellum is essential for its growth, remaining stably attached while permitting the insertion of flagellin transported from the cytoplasm through the narrow central channel. We analyzed the structure of the isolated cap in its frozen hydrated state by electron cryomicroscop... |
14673097 | Conformations and dynamics of Ets-1 ETS domain-DNA complexes. | Molecular dynamics studies have been performed for 3.5 ns on the ETS domain of Ets-1 transcription factor bound to the 14-bp DNA, d(AGTGCCGGAAATGT), comprising the core sequence of high-affinity (GGAA), ETS-GGAA. In like manner, molecular dynamics simulations have been carried out for 3.9 ns on the mutant low-affinity ... |
14673092 | Murine and human zona pellucida 3 derived from mouse eggs express identical O-glycans. | Murine sperm initiate fertilization by binding to the outer covering of the egg known as the murine zona pellucida (mZP). This binding is thought to require the interaction of O-glycans linked to a specific mZP glycoprotein (mZP3) with egg-binding proteins coating the sperm plasma membrane. The precise molecular basis ... |
14673074 | Structural and functional characterization of the VirB5 protein from the type IV secretion system encoded by the conjugative plasmid pKM101. | Type IV secretion systems mediate intercellular transfer of macro-molecules via a mechanism ancestrally related to that of bacterial conjugation machineries. TraC of the IncN plasmid pKM101 belongs to the VirB5 family of proteins, an essential component of most type IV secretion systems. Here, we present the structure ... |
14672938 | Chromatin contributes to structural integrity of promyelocytic leukemia bodies through a SUMO-1-independent mechanism. | Promyelocytic leukemia (PML) protein is implicated in transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, DNA repair, and tumor suppression. It is not known, however, whether PML and other components of PML bodies function within the vicinity of the bodies or elsewhere in the nucleoplasm. In this study, we demonstrate that chromati... |
14670089 | Evaluation of five different cDNA labeling methods for microarrays using spike controls. | <h4>Background</h4>Several different cDNA labeling methods have been developed for microarray based gene expression analysis. We have examined the accuracy and reproducibility of such five commercially available methods in detection of predetermined ratio values from target spike mRNAs (A. thaliana) in a background of ... |
14737585 | Immunoassay using probe-labelling immunogold nanoparticles with silver staining enhancement via surface-enhanced Raman scattering. | This paper reports a novel immunoassay based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and immunogold labelling with silver staining enhancement. Immunoreactions between immunogold colloids modified by a Raman-active probe molecule (e.g., 4-mercaptobenzoic acid) and antigens, which were captured by antibody-assembled... |
14709166 | Scratching the (T cell) surface. | Using a genome-scale approach to study transcription levels in a human CD8+ T-cell clone, a recent study has suggested that the repertoire of molecules on the surface of T cells is close to being completely characterized. |
14671325 | Direct observation of tiers in the energy landscape of a chromoprotein: a single-molecule study. | Single-molecule spectroscopic techniques were applied to individual pigments embedded in a chromoprotein. A sensitive tool to monitor structural fluctuations of the protein backbone in the local environment of the chromophore is provided by recording the changes of the spectral positions of the pigment absorptions as a... |
15356731 | A paradigm shift in the construction of heterobimetallic complexes: synthesis of group 2 & 4 metal-calix[6]arene complexes. | Deprotonation of calix[6]arenes with barium in methanol followed by the addition of [Ti(OPr(i))(4)] or [Zr(OBu(n))(4)] is effective in the formation of novel dimeric 2:1 barium-titanium(IV)/zirconium(IV) calix[6]arene complexes. In these complexes a central Ti(IV)/Zr(IV) coordinated in the exo-position connects the two... |
14670966 | Agonist versus antagonist action of ATP at the P2Y4 receptor is determined by the second extracellular loop. | UTP is a potent full agonist at both the human P2Y(4) (hP2Y(4)) and rat P2Y(4) (rP2Y(4)) receptor. In contrast, ATP is a potent full agonist at the rP2Y(4) receptor but is a similarly potent competitive antagonist at the hP2Y(4) receptor. To delineate the structural determinants of agonism versus antagonism in these sp... |
14670987 | Sphingolipid-cholesterol domains (lipid rafts) in normal human and dog thyroid follicular cells are not involved in thyrotropin receptor signaling. | Partition of signaling molecules in sphingolipid-cholesterol-enriched membrane domains, among which are the caveolae, may contribute to signal transduction efficiency. In normal thyroid, nothing is known about a putative TSH/cAMP cascade compartmentation in caveolae or other sphingolipid-cholesterol-enriched membrane d... |
28890669 | Probing the Cytotoxicity Of Semiconductor Quantum Dots. | With their bright, photostable fluorescence, semiconductor quantum dots show promise as alternatives to organic dyes for biological labeling. Questions about their potential cytotoxicity, however, remain unanswered. While cytotoxicity of bulk cadmium selenide (CdSe) is well documented, a number of groups have suggested... |
14737645 | Facilitated phosphatidylserine flip-flop across vesicle and cell membranes using urea-derived synthetic translocases. | Tris(2-aminoethyl)amine derivatives with appended urea and sulfonamide groups are shown to facilitate the translocation of fluorescent phospholipid probes and endogenous phosphatidylserine across vesicle and erythrocyte cell membranes. The synthetic translocases appear to operate by binding to the phospholipid head gro... |
14668440 | Imaging linear birefringence and dichroism in cerebral amyloid pathologies. | New advances in polarized light microscopy were used to image Congo red-stained cerebral amyloidosis in sharp relief. The rotating-polarizer method was used to separate the optical effects of transmission, linear birefringence, extinction, linear dichroism, and orientation of the electric dipole transition moments and ... |
14668478 | Epidermolysis bullosa simplex-type mutations alter the dynamics of the keratin cytoskeleton and reveal a contribution of actin to the transport of keratin subunits. | Dominant keratin mutations cause epidermolysis bullosa simplex by transforming keratin (K) filaments into aggregates. As a first step toward understanding the properties of mutant keratins in vivo, we stably transfected epithelial cells with an enhanced yellow fluorescent protein-tagged K14R125C mutant. K14R125C became... |
14737538 | Synthesis and Bergman cyclization of a beta-extended porphyrenediyne. | Condensation of a porphyrin-2,3-dione with a 1,2-diaminoarenediyne affords a [small beta]-extended porphyrinic-enediyne: upon thermal Bergman cyclization the quinoxaline spacer positioned between the macrocycle and the enediyne prevents tandem radical cyclization to a picenoporphyrin. |
14663648 | Spectroscopic and computational characterization of the nickel-containing F430 cofactor of methyl-coenzyme M reductase. | Methyl-coenzyme M reductase (MCR) catalyzes the terminal reaction in methanogenesis, the formation of methane from methyl-coenzyme M and coenzyme B. The active site of MCR binds the prosthetic group F(430), a unique nickel hydrocorphin cofactor. Here, spectroscopy and computations are employed in developing detailed el... |
14737536 | Selective host-guest interaction of single-walled carbon nanotubes with functionalised fullerenes. | Exohedrally functionalised fullerenes have been inserted in single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with the aid of supercritical carbon dioxide to form peapods; C(61)(COOEt)(2) are encapsulated in SWNTs in high yield, whereas C(61)(COOH)(2) aggregate via hydrogen bonding to form a supramolecular complex, which sterical... |
14737534 | An outer-sphere ligand for uranyl carbonate. | A novel supramolecular host for the uranyl carbonate complex has been designed and synthesized. The modified cyclodextrin host binds uranyl carbonate in water with a stability of 253 M(-1). |
14663149 | Cap analysis gene expression for high-throughput analysis of transcriptional starting point and identification of promoter usage. | We introduce cap analysis gene expression (CAGE), which is based on preparation and sequencing of concatamers of DNA tags deriving from the initial 20 nucleotides from 5' end mRNAs. CAGE allows high-throughout gene expression analysis and the profiling of transcriptional start points (TSP), including promoter usage ana... |
14661016 | Semi-wet peptide/protein array using supramolecular hydrogel. | The protein microarray is a crucial biomaterial for the rapid and high-throughput assay of many biological events where proteins are involved. In contrast to the DNA microarray, it has not been sufficiently established because of protein instability under the conventional dry conditions. Here we report a novel semi-wet... |
14712046 | Three-dimensional hydrogen-bonding supramolecular architecture of 2-(3-pyridinio)-5-(3-pyridyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole perchlorate. | In the crystal structure of the title compound, C(12)H(9)N(4)O(+).ClO(4)(-), the protonated cation adopts a cis-I conformation and approximately planar geometry. Each perchlorate anion acts as the acceptor of three C-H...O weak interactions, which, together with N-H...N and C-H...N hydrogen bonds between the protonated... |
14712045 | Inclusion compounds of 2,5-diphenylhydroquinone. | The crystal structures of three 1:2 inclusion compounds that consist of host molecule 2,5-diphenylhydroquinone (C(18)H(14)O(2)) and the guest molecules 2-pyridone (C(5)H(5)NO), 1,3-diphenyl-2-propen-1-one (chalcone, C(15)H(12)O) and 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-phenyl-2-propen-1-one (4'-methoxychalcone, C(16)H(14)O(2)) were d... |
14712022 | AgI and CuI binuclear macrocyclic complexes with 1-(3-pyridyl)ethanone oxime. | Bis[micro-1-(3-pyridyl)ethanone oxime-kappa(2)N:N']bis[nitratosilver(I)], [Ag(2)(NO(3))(2)(C(7)H(8)N(2)O)(2)], crystallizes as a centrosymmetric binuclear macrocylic complex containing silver(I) ions bridged by the organic 1-(3-pyridyl)ethanone oxime ligand. The ligand coordinates via the pyridine and the oxime N atoms... |
14737508 | Dendrimers in drug research. | Dendrimers are versatile, derivatisable, well-defined, compartmentalised chemical polymers with sizes and physicochemical properties resembling those of biomolecules e.g. proteins. The present critical review (citing 158 references) briefly describes dendrimer design, nomenclature and divergent/convergent dendrimer syn... |
14737577 | Analysis of erythromycin and tylosin in bovine muscle using disposable screen printed electrodes. | A disposable electrochemical enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of two macrolides (erythromycin and tylosin) in bovine muscle was developed using a screen printed electrode (SPE) system as a differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) transducer with mouse anti-erythromycin (and anti-tylosin) monoclon... |
15356729 | Zwitterionic macrocyclic metal sulfate extractants containing 3-dialkylaminomethylsalicylaldimine units. | 10,25-Di-tert-alkyl-14,21-dimethyl-3,6,14,21-tetraazatricyclo[21.3.1.18,12]octacosa-1(27),2,6,8,10,12(28),23,25-octaene-27,28-diol macrocycles form Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes in which the metal cation and the sulfate anion are bound in separated sites in a zwitterionic form of the ligand. The nonyl-substituted macrocy... |
15356720 | Different supramolecular hydrogen bond structures and significant changes in magnetic properties in dinuclear mu 2-1,1-N3 copper(II) complexes with very similar tridentate Schiff base blocking ligands. | Three new basal-apical, mu(2)-1,1-azide bridged complexes, [CuL(1)(N(3))](2) (1), [CuL(2)(N(3))](2) (2) and [CuL(3)(N(3))](2) (3) with very similar tridentate Schiff base blocking ligands [L(1) = N-(3-aminopropyl)salicylaldimine, L(2) = 7-amino-4-methyl-5-azahept-3-en-2-one and L(3) = 8-amino-4-methyl-5-azaoct-3-en-2-o... |
14737517 | Host-guest interactions template: the synthesis of a [3]catenane. | Formation of a [3]catenane containing dibenzo-24-crown ether wheels and a large dipyridiniumethane ring is templated by formation of a host-guest adduct between the [3]catenane and the external crown ether. |
14737307 | Materials that naturally assemble themselves. | One of key aims of modern chemistry is to explore and exploit the phenomenal complexity of matter that seems to arise spontaneously within ambient environments like that of our planet. Biology, of course, is a ultimate manifestation of a universal chemical canon encompassing interactions both at the molecular and supra... |
14661029 | Recognition of small interfering RNA by a viral suppressor of RNA silencing. | RNA silencing (also known as RNA interference) is a conserved biological response to double-stranded RNA that regulates gene expression, and has evolved in plants as a defence against viruses. The response is mediated by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), which guide the sequence-specific degradation of cognate messenger... |
14657250 | The zinc transporter ZnT3 interacts with AP-3 and it is preferentially targeted to a distinct synaptic vesicle subpopulation. | Synaptic vesicles (SV) are generated by two different mechanisms, one AP-2 dependent and one AP-3 dependent. It has been uncertain, however, whether these mechanisms generate SV that differ in molecular composition. We explored this hypothesis by analyzing the targeting of ZnT3 and synaptophysin both to PC12 synaptic-l... |
14657245 | Caveolae are a novel pathway for membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase traffic in human endothelial cells. | The extracellular matrix (ECM) distinctly modulates membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) in human endothelial cells (ECs). Herein, ECM-dependent RhoA activation is shown to regulate MT1-MMP localization and activity as well as clathrin-independent internalization in confluent ECs. In this regard, caveolae... |
14657242 | Clustering induces a lateral redistribution of alpha 2 beta 1 integrin from membrane rafts to caveolae and subsequent protein kinase C-dependent internalization. | Integrin alpha 2 beta 1 mediates the binding of several epithelial and mesenchymal cell types to collagen. The composition of the surrounding plasma membrane, especially caveolin-1- and cholesterol-containing membrane structures called caveolae, may be important to integrin signaling. On cell surface alpha 2 beta 1 int... |
14657279 | FAK promotes organization of fibronectin matrix and fibrillar adhesions. | Targeted disruption of the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) gene in mice is lethal at embryonic day 8.5 (E8.5). Vascular defects in FAK-/- mice result from the inability of FAK-deficient endothelial cells to organize themselves into vascular network. We found that, although fibronectin (FN) levels were similar, its organiza... |
14660672 | Role of lipid microdomains in P/Q-type calcium channel (Cav2.1) clustering and function in presynaptic membranes. | Lipid microdomains can selectively include or exclude proteins and may be important in a variety of functions such as protein sorting, cell signaling, and synaptic transmission. The present study demonstrates that two different voltage-gated calcium channels, which both interact with soluble N-ethyl-maleimide-sensitive... |
23345857 | Models of the collective behavior of proteins in cells: tubulin, actin and motor proteins. | One of the most important issues of molecular biophysics is the complex and multifunctional behavior of the cell's cytoskeleton. Interiors of living cells are structurally organized by the cytoskeleton networks of filamentous protein polymers: microtubules, actin and intermediate filaments with motor proteins providing... |
23345856 | The physics of cell membranes. | An overview is given of the fundamental physics underlying the self-assembly, molecular organisation and electrical properties of the membranes that envelop living cells. These ultra thin (∼ 6 nm) membranes act as a diffusion barrier between the cell interior (cytoplasm) and the external medium. They consist basically ... |
20705033 | Receptor-ligand genetics: Inactivation of receptors with a modified viral protein. | Extract: The function of a gene can be genetically investigated at the DNA (gene), RNA or protein levels. Homologous recombination or gene targeting has been widely used in mice whose embryonic stem cells can be manipulated to generate mutant offspring. However, it cannot be directly applied to human genetics or primar... |
19471472 | Microstructured fiber splicing. | We present experimental results on Microstructured Optical Fiber (MOF) splicing with a simple method relying on conventional electric-arc splicers. The results are presented in terms of fusion losses and tensile strength. An electric-arc splicing system is used to demonstrate its effectiveness in splicing MOFs together... |
15075445 | Luminal sensing in the gut: an overview. | The wall of the gut responds to an impressive array of signals originating in the lumen, including nutrient and non-nutrient chemicals, mechanical factors, and micro-organisms. The idea that the gut wall exhibits luminal chemo-sensitivity is implied in the original discovery of secretin by Bayliss and Starling, and has... |
14673865 | Homo- and heterometallic [2x2] grid arrays containing RuII, OsII, and FeII subunits and their mononuclear RuII and OsII precursors: synthesis, absorption spectra, redox behavior, and luminescence properties. | The absorption spectra, redox behavior, and luminescence properties (both at 77 K in rigid matrices and at room temperature in fluid solution) of a series of [2x2] molecular grids have been investigated. The latter were prepared either by means of sequential self-assembly, or by a stepwise protection/deprotection proce... |
14673860 | A functionalized noncovalent macrocyclic multiporphyrin assembly from a dizinc(II) bis-porphyrin receptor and a free-base dipyridylporphyrin. | The bis-porphyrin system ZnP(2), in which two zinc porphyrins are connected by a phenanthroline linker in an oblique fashion, acts as a bifunctional receptor towards the complexation of free-base meso-5,10-bis(4'-pyridyl)-15,20-diphenylporphyrin (4'-cis DPyP). In solution, NMR spectroscopy evidenced quantitative format... |
14673856 | Unique guest-inclusion properties of a breathing ionic crystal of K3[Cr3O(OOCH)6(H2O)3][alpha-SiW12O40].16 H2O. | A microstructured ionic crystal, K(3)[Cr(3)O(OOCH)(6)(H(2)O)(3)][alpha-SiW(12)O(40)].16 H(2)O (1) was synthesized by the complexation of the Keggin-type polyoxometalate of [alpha-SiW(12)O(40)](4-) with a macrocation of [Cr(3)O(OOCH)(6)(H(2)O)(3)](+). Compound 1 possessed a straight channel, with an opening of approxima... |
14673849 | Novel synthetic approach for optical resolution of cryptophanol-A: a direct access to chiral cryptophanes and their chiroptical properties. | The separation by crystallization of the pair of cryptophane diastereomers 1 a and 1 b, obtained in 1:1 ratio by treating racemic anti cryptophanol-A (2) with (-)-camphanic acid chloride, provided a substantial amount of optically pure material (diastereomeric excess>98 %). Subsequent hydrolysis afforded the optically ... |
14673846 | Novel heterotopic colloids of anionic porphyrins entangled in cationic amphiphilic cyclodextrins: spectroscopic investigation and intracellular delivery. | The entanglement process between water-soluble 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)-21H,23H-porphine and the amphiphilic cyclodextrin (CD) heptakis(2-omega-amino-O-oligo(ethylene oxide)-6-hexylthio)-beta-CD and the occurrence of various species at different porphyrin:CD ratios were studied by a combination of UV/Vis ... |
14673845 | A phthalocyanine dendrimer capable of forming spherical micelles. | A novel and intrinsically spherical micelle has been prepared by utilizing a silicon phthalocyanine ((WG3)SiPc) that has a thin hydrophobic alkyl chain and a bulky hydrophilic poly(aryl ether) dendrimer with terminal carboxyl groups, as its two axial ligands. Gel-permeation chromatography and cryo-transmission electron... |
14670050 | Biosensing based on light absorption of nanoscaled gold and silver particles. | The absorption spectrum of noble metal spherical nanoparticles is known to be strongly influenced by the dielectric constant of the surrounding material, and as such, these particles are well suited for biosensing applications. To perform biosensing using nanoparticles on a substrate, the metal particles are covalently... |
14670035 | Characterization of a variant of the spinach PSII type I light-harvesting protein using kinetically controlled digestion and RP-HPLC-ESI-MS. | A previously unknown isoform of the type I major antenna protein of photosystem II of spinach was identified, and its amino-terminal sequence was characterized by a novel kinetic digestion approach, in which sequential tryptic digestion was followed by analysis of both released peptides and truncated proteins by revers... |
14644178 | Self-assembly in mesoscopic dimension and artificial supramolecular membranes. | The development of mesoscopic supramolecular architectures is an area of growing interest. The field has grown from early works on bilayer membranes, and the design of large (super- or giant-) amphiphiles, hybrid amphiphiles and supramolecular membranes have now been described. Impartment of amphiphilicity to a unit su... |
14644173 | Light-harvesting dendrimers. | Dendrimers are well-defined, tree-like macromolecules, with a high degree of order and the possibility to contain selected chemical units in predetermined sites of their structure. Dendrimers are currently attracting the interest of many scientists because of their unusual chemical and physical properties and the wide ... |
14636726 | Extracellular and intracellular barriers in non-viral gene delivery. | Complexes of DNA with cationic lipids and cationic polymers are frequently used for gene transfer. Extracellular interactions of the complexes with anionic glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) may interfere with gene transfer. Interactions of GAGs with carrier DNA complexes have been studied using tests for DNA relaxation (ethidi... |
14636720 | Polyion complex micelles entrapping cationic dendrimer porphyrin: effective photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy of cancer. | Photosensitizers play a crucial role in the photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer. In this study, a third-generation aryl ether dendrimer porphyrin with 32 primary amine groups on the periphery, [NH2CH2CH2NHCO]32DPZn, and pH-sensitive, polyion complex micelles (PIC) composed of the porphyrin dendrimer and PEG-b-poly(asp... |
14636718 | Effects of ethylene glycol-based graft, star-shaped, and dendritic polymers on solubilization and controlled release of paclitaxel. | New methods and pharmaceutical compositions were developed to increase the aqueous solubility of paclitaxel (PTX), a poorly water-soluble drug. Graft and star-shaped graft polymers consisting of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG400) graft chains increased the PTX solubility in water by three orders of magnitude. Polyglycerol ... |
14735988 | Chiral separation of fluorescamine-labeled amino acids using microfabricated capillary electrophoresis devices for extraterrestrial exploration. | Chiral separations of fluorescamine-labeled amino acids are characterized and optimized on a microfabricated capillary electrophoresis (CE) device. A standard mixture of acidic and neutral amino acids is labeled with fluorescamine in less than 5 min and the hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPbetaCD) concentration, temp... |
14735976 | Characterization of calixarene- and resorcinarene-bonded stationary phases. I. Hydrophobic interactions. | New HPLC phases with supramolecular selectors on the basis of calixarenes and resorcinarenes were investigated for the first time by means of empirically based test mixtures. The tests, originally developed for common reversed phases, were chosen to evaluate fundamental chromatographic properties of the new materials. ... |
14735040 | Clinical results of aortic arch replacement using a four branched prosthetic graft. | <h4>Aim</h4>The aim of this study was to evaluate the operative techniques of total arch replacement, the clinical results and the survival curves of patients following this procedure.<h4>Methods</h4>Since December 2001, 92 patients have undergone surgical treatment for aortic dissection and aneurysm. The total aortic ... |
14727642 | Synthesis of light-harvesting dendrimers focally anchored with crown ethers or terpyridine ligands. | Crown ethers and terpyridine ligands have been successfully attached to the focal point of light harvesting phenylacetylene monodendrons through Pd-catalyzed coupling reactions. The structures of these functional monodendrons were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. S... |
14727625 | Bifurcated, modular syntheses of chiral annulet triazacyclononanes. | Three chiral 2,6-disubstituted tri-N-methyl azamacrocycles have been prepared by modular methods. These macrocycles were accessed from three chiral 1,4,7-triazaheptanes intermediates that were prepared by two independent routes. The first of these routes involved the benzylamine opening of chiral tosyl aziridines follo... |
14717202 | Pilot-scale demonstration of cyclodextrin as a solubility-enhancement agent for remediation of a tetrachloroethene-contaminated aquifer. | The limitations associated with conventional pump and treat technology have generated interest in using enhanced in-situ flushing as an alternative for remediating source zones contaminated with immiscible liquid. This research investigates the effectiveness of cyclodextrin as a solubility-enhancement agent to enhance ... |
14714382 | Single-walled carbon nanotube based molecular switch tunnel junctions. | This article describes two-terminal molecular switch tunnel junctions (MSTJs) which incorporate a semiconducting, single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) as the bottom electrode. The nanotube interacts noncovalently with a monolayer of bistable, nondegenerate [2]catenane tetracations, self-organized by their supporting am... |
14714381 | Co-conformational distribution of nanosized [2]catenanes determined by pulse EPR measurements. | The co-conformational ensembles of three differently sized [2]catenanes were studied by measuring pair correlation functions corresponding to the separation of nitroxide spin labels--one attached to each of the two macrocycles--with the double electron-electron resonance (DEER) experiment. A geometric model for the [2]... |
14714376 | Trends in microfluidics with complex fluids. | The rapid developments in biotechnology create a great demand for fluid handling systems on the nano- and picoliter scale. The characterization of minute quantities of DNA or protein samples requires highly integrated, automated, and miniaturized "total analysis systems" (mu-TAS). The small scales necessitate new conce... |
14703964 | Spectrofluorometric determination of nimodipine in dosage forms and human urine. | A simple sensitive and specific spectrofluorometric method was developed for the determination of nimodipine (NDP) in pharmaceutical preparations and human urine. The method is based on reduction of nimodipine with Zn/HCl and measuring the obtained fluorescence at 425 nm after excitation at 360 nm. The factors affectin... |
14703847 | Crown-ether functionalised second coordination sphere palladium catalysts by molecular imprinting. | Functionalisation of the second coordination sphere of a molecularly imprinted Pd complex was achieved by localising within the polymeric cavity a crown-ether receptor capable of altering the catalytic activity of the reactive site. |
14703843 | Hydrogen-ion driven molecular motions in Cu2+-complexes of a ditopic phenanthrolinophane ligand. | One of the first kinetic evaluations of a metal ion interchange between the two coordination sites of a ditopic macrocycle is presented. |
14703837 | A facile synthesis of novel cyclodextrin derivatives incorporating one beta-(1,4)-glucosidic bond and their unique inclusion ability. | Novel cyclodextrin derivatives incorporating one (1,4)-glucosidic bond are easily synthesized in three steps from permethylated alpha- and beta-cyclodextrins, and such host molecules show inclusion selectivity for sodium m-nitrobenzoate over the corresponding p-isomer, in contrast to the cases of the parent permethylat... |
14703805 | Demystifying the three dimensional structure of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) with the aid of molecular modeling. | We review our recent work on adenosine receptors, a family of GPCRs; focusing our attention on A3 adenosine receptor, we have demonstrated that the reciprocal integration of different theoretical and experimental disciplines can be very useful for the successful protein-based design of new, potent and selective recepto... |
14700623 | At the crossroads of chemistry, biology, and materials: structural DNA nanotechnology. | Structural DNA nanotechnology consists of combining unusual DNA motifs by specific structurally well-defined cohesive interactions (primarily sticky ends) to produce target materials with predictable 3D structures. This effort has generated DNA polyhedral catenanes, robust nanomechanical devices, and a variety of perio... |
14700619 | Summing up ligand binding interactions. | Artificial molecular recognition systems show negligible positive binding cooperativity compared to biological systems, possibly because rigid ligands cannot accommodate numerous partly bound states that comprise overall ligand binding affinity. This directly correlates with the phenomenon of enthalpy-entropy compensat... |
14698213 | 21-Acetoxy-pregna-4(5),9(11),16(17)-triene-21-ol-3,20-dione conversion by Nocardioides simplex VKM Ac-2033D. | The conversion of 21-acetoxy-pregna-4(5),9(11),16(17)-triene-21-ol-3,20-dione (I) by Nocardioides simplex VKM Ac-2033D was studied purposed selective production of its 1(2)-dehydroanalogues-value precursors in the synthesis of modern glucocorticoids starting from 9alpha-hydroxyandrostenes. 21-Acetoxy-pregna-1(2),4(5),9... |
14657400 | Targeting Schwann cells by nonlytic arenaviral infection selectively inhibits myelination. | Members of the arenavirus family, famous for their hemorrhagic syndromes, cause distinct neurological disorders; however, cellular and molecular targets as well as pathogenesis of peripheral nervous system disorders associated with these viruses are unknown. Using noncytolytic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, the pr... |
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