id stringlengths 4 8 | title stringlengths 1 642 | abstract stringlengths 50 17.9k |
|---|---|---|
12543049 | Radiological manifestation of pulmonary complications in deceased intensive care burn patients. | The chest radiographs of 46 burn patients who died in the burn intensive care unit (BICU) were retrospectively analyzed to study the spectrum of pulmonary complications and their contribution to patient's mortality. There were 25 male and 21 female patients and their mean ages were 34 and 30 years, respectively. Forty-... |
12543700 | Efficacy of amphotericin B or itraconazole in a murine model of central nervous system Aspergillus infection. | Given the greater than 90% lethality of clinical central nervous system (CNS) aspergillosis despite current therapies, there is a need for an animal model to study therapeutic strategies. We previously established a model of CNS aspergillosis by intracerebral infection and report here the results of treatment with the ... |
12543666 | Efficacy of CS-758, a novel triazole, against experimental fluconazole-resistant oropharyngeal candidiasis in mice. | The therapeutic efficacy of CS-758, a novel triazole, was evaluated against experimental murine oropharyngeal candidiasis induced by Candida albicans with various susceptibilities to fluconazole. Against infections induced by strains with various susceptibilities to fluconazole, the efficacy of fluconazole was strongly... |
12540582 | Epithelial cell surface sites involved in the polyvalent adherence of Porphyromonas gingivalis: a convincing role for neuraminic acid and glucuronic acid. | We investigated the target structures of the epithelial cells responsible for the attachment of Porphyromonas gingivalis by immunocytofluorimetry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and confocal microscopy. Integrins (beta1, beta3, and alphaV) and E-cadherin played no significant role. Carbohydrates (such as alpha-D-me... |
12538891 | Trapping of peptide-based surrogates in an artificially created channel of cytochrome c peroxidase. | As recently described, the deliberate removal of the proposed electron transfer pathway from cytochrome c peroxidase resulted in the formation of an extended ligand-binding channel. The engineered channel formed a template for the removed peptide segment, suggesting that synthetic surrogates might be introduced to repl... |
12538887 | Turn stability in beta-hairpin peptides: Investigation of peptides containing 3:5 type I G1 bulge turns. | The turn-forming ability of a series of three-residue sequences was investigated by substituting them into a well-characterized beta-hairpin peptide. The starting scaffold, bhpW, is a disulfide-cyclized 10-residue peptide that folds into a stable beta-hairpin with two antiparallel strands connected by a two-residue rev... |
12538885 | Expression, solubilization, and biochemical characterization of the tight junction transmembrane protein claudin-4. | The tight junction tetraspan protein claudin-4 creates a charge-selective pore in the paracellular pathway across epithelia. The structure of the pore is unknown, but is presumed to result from transcellular adhesive contacts between claudin's extracellular loops. Here we report the expression of claudin-4 by baculovir... |
12538883 | Low free energy cost of very long loop insertions in proteins. | Long insertions into a loop of a folded host protein are expected to have destabilizing effects because of the entropic cost associated with loop closure unless the inserted sequence adopts a folded structure with amino- and carboxy-termini in close proximity. A loop entropy reduction screen based on this concept was u... |
12538723 | Normal tissue depresses while tumor tissue enhances human T cell responses in vivo to a novel self/tumor melanoma antigen, OA1. | Antitumor T cells often recognize targets that are nonmutated "self" tissue differentiation Ags, but the relative impact of Ag expression by normal and transformed tissue for a human self/tumor Ag has not been studied. To examine the influence of self-tolerance mechanisms on the function of self/tumor-specific T cell r... |
12423201 | Effects of nitrogen monoxide and carbon monoxide on molecular and cellular iron metabolism: mirror-image effector molecules that target iron. | Many effector functions of nitrogen monoxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) are mediated through their high-affinity for iron (Fe). In this review, the roles of NO and CO are examined in terms of their effects on the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in Fe metabolism. Both NO and CO avidly form complexes with a... |
12416994 | Ellman's-reagent-mediated regeneration of trypanothione in situ: substrate-economical microplate and time-dependent inhibition assays for trypanothione reductase. | Trypanothione reductase (TryR) is a key enzyme involved in the oxidative stress management of the Trypanosoma and Leishmania parasites, which helps to maintain an intracellular reducing environment by reduction of the small-molecular-mass disulphide trypanothione (T[S](2)) to its di-thiol derivative dihydrotrypanothion... |
12383057 | Aspartate-107 and leucine-109 facilitate efficient coupling of glutamine hydrolysis to CTP synthesis by Escherichia coli CTP synthase. | CTP synthase catalyses the ATP-dependent formation of CTP from UTP using either NH(3) or L-glutamine as the nitrogen source. GTP is required as an allosteric effector to promote glutamine hydrolysis. In an attempt to identify nucleotide-binding sites, scanning alanine mutagenesis was conducted on a highly conserved reg... |
12535847 | Simultaneous determination of free and conjugated bile acids in serum by cyclodextrin-modified micellar electrokinetic chromatography. | A simultaneous determination of 15 free and most conjugated forms of bile acids (BA) in serum using capillary electrophoresis is described. The optimized and validated method proposed in this work is straightforward and rapid, employing affordable equipment. A background electrolyte of 5 mM beta-cyclodextrin, 5 mM 2-hy... |
12533484 | Attachment organelle formation represented by localization of cytadherence proteins and formation of the electron-dense core in wild-type and mutant strains of Mycoplasma pneumoniae. | Cytadherence proteins of Mycoplasma pneumoniae are localized at the attachment organelle, which is involved in adhesion, gliding motility, and cell division. The localization of these proteins in cytadherence-deficient mutants was examined by immunofluorescence microscopy. In the class I-2 mutant, which has a frameshif... |
12533470 | A SecE mutation that modulates SecY-SecE translocase assembly, identified as a specific suppressor of SecY defects. | The SecY39(Cs) (cold-sensitive) alteration of Arg357 results in a defect of translocation initiation. As a means to dissect the Sec translocation machinery, we isolated mutations that act as suppressors of the secY39 defect. A specific secE mutation, designated secE105, was thus isolated. This mutation proved to be ide... |
12533451 | Agrobacterium tumefaciens twin-arginine-dependent translocation is important for virulence, flagellation, and chemotaxis but not type IV secretion. | This study characterized the contribution of the twin-arginine translocation (TAT) pathway to growth, motility, and virulence of the phytopathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens. In contrast to wild-type strain A348, a tatC null mutant failed to export the green fluorescent protein fused to the trimethylamine N-oxide reduct... |
12529402 | Live-cell fluorescence imaging reveals the dynamics of protein kinase CK2 individual subunits. | Protein kinase CK2 is a multifunctional enzyme which has long been described as a stable heterotetrameric complex resulting from the association of two catalytic (alpha or alpha') and two regulatory (beta) subunits. To track the spatiotemporal dynamics of CK2 in living cells, we fused its catalytic alpha and regulatory... |
12525654 | The E6 and E7 proteins of the cutaneous human papillomavirus type 38 display transforming properties. | Several studies have suggested the involvement of cutaneous human papillomaviruses (HPVs) in the development of nonmelanoma skin cancers. Here we have characterized the in vitro properties of E7 proteins of three cutaneous HPV types, 10, 20, and 38, which are frequently detected in skin specimens. We show that HPV38 E7... |
12525638 | A subpopulation of tegument protein vhs localizes to detergent-insoluble lipid rafts in herpes simplex virus-infected cells. | Virion host shutoff (vhs) is a 58-kDa protein encoded by the UL41 gene of herpes simplex virus (HSV). vhs resides within the tegument of HSV, enters the cell cytoplasm at infection, and destabilizes host cell and viral mRNA. Late in infection, vhs must be assembled into the tegument of progeny virions, a poorly underst... |
12525632 | Replication of human immunodeficiency viruses engineered with heterologous Tat-transactivation response element interactions. | Human immunodeficiency viruses (HIVs) and the related bovine lentiviruses bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) and Jembrana disease virus (JDV) utilize the viral Tat protein to activate viral transcription. The arginine-rich RNA-binding domains of the Tat proteins bind to their cognate transactivation response element (... |
12525631 | Two retroviral entry pathways distinguished by lipid raft association of the viral receptor and differences in viral infectivity. | The receptor "priming" model for entry of the retrovirus avian sarcoma and leukosis virus (ASLV) predicts that upon binding cell surface receptors, virions are endocytosed and trafficked to acidic endosomes where fusion occurs. To test this model directly, we have now followed subgroup A ASLV (ASLV-A) virions entering ... |
12525626 | Independent segregation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag protein complexes and lipid rafts. | Formation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) particles takes place at the plasma membrane of cells and is directed by the Pr55Gag polyprotein. A functional assembly domain (the M domain) within the N-terminal portion of Pr55Gag mediates the interaction of Gag with cellular membranes. However, the determinan... |
12525625 | Identification and characterization of an adeno-associated virus integration site in CV-1 cells from the African green monkey. | Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is a classification given to a group of nonpathogenic, single-stranded DNA viruses known to reside latently in primates. During latency in humans, AAV type 2 (AAV2) preferentially integrates at a site on chromosome 19q13.3ter by targeting a sequence composed of an AAV Rep binding element (R... |
12525611 | A structurally disordered region at the C terminus of capsid plays essential roles in multimerization and membrane binding of the gag protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. | Crystal structures of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) capsid protein (CA) reveal that the last 11 C-terminal amino acids are disordered. This disordered region contains a glycine-rich sequence 353-GVGGP-357 (numbering refers to the initiation methionine of Gag) that is highly conserved within the Gag protei... |
12525608 | Role of plasma membrane lipid microdomains in respiratory syncytial virus filament formation. | The fusion protein (F) of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the envelope glycoprotein responsible for the characteristic cytopathology of syncytium formation. RSV has been shown to bud from selective areas of the plasma membrane as pleomorphic virions, including both filamentous and round particles. With immunofluor... |
12525601 | Mouse polyomavirus utilizes recycling endosomes for a traffic pathway independent of COPI vesicle transport. | Mouse polyomavirus enters host cells internalized, similar to simian virus 40 (SV40), in smooth monopinocytic vesicles, the movement of which is associated with transient actin disorganization. The major capsid protein (VP1) of the incoming polyomavirus accumulates on membranes around the cell nucleus. Here we show tha... |
12524114 | Polymer complexes. XXXX. Supramolecular assembly on coordination models of mixed-valence-ligand poly[1-acrylamido-2-(2-pyridyl)ethane] complexes. | The build-up of polymer metallic supramolecules based on homopolymer (1-acrylamido-2-(2-pyridyl)ethane (AEPH)) and ruthenium, rhodium, palladium as well as platinum complexes has been pursued with great interest. The homopolymer shows three types of coordination behaviour. In the mixed valence paramagnetic trinuclear p... |
12520513 | Chiral separation of 2,3-allenoic acid by capillary zone electrophoresis using cyclodextrin derivatives. | In this paper, five of six samples of 2,3-allenoic acid enantiomers were separated by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) using hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CD) and hydroxypropyl-gamma-cyclodextrin (HP-gamma-CD) as chiral selectors. Using HP-beta-CD for chiral separation, three of the six enantiomers were ... |
12517430 | 2-Phenylimidazo[2,1-i]purin-5-ones: structure-activity relationships and characterization of potent and selective inverse agonists at Human A3 adenosine receptors. | Structure-activity relationships of 2-phenyl-imidazo[2,1-i]purin-5-ones as ligands for human A(3) adenosine receptors (ARs) were investigated. An ethyl group in the 8-position of the imidazoline ring of 4-methyl-2-phenyl-imidazopurinone leading to chiral compounds was found to increase affinity for human A(3) ARs by se... |
12508114 | Phosphorylation of FcgammaRIIA is required for the receptor-induced actin rearrangement and capping: the role of membrane rafts. | Activation of Fcgamma receptor II (FcgammaRII) induces rearrangement of the actin-based cytoskeleton that serves as a driving force for FcgammaRII-mediated phagocytosis and FcgammaRII capping. To get insight into the signaling events that lead to the actin reorganization we investigated the role of raft-associated Src ... |
12491523 | Methyl-beta-cyclodextrin-enhanced solubilization and aerobic biodegradation of polychlorinated biphenyls in two aged-contaminated soils. | The bioremediation of aged polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-contaminated soils is adversely affected by the low bioavailability of the pollutants. Randomly methylated-beta-cyclodextrins (RAMEB) were tested as a potential PCB-bioavailability-enhancing agent in the aerobic treatment of two aged-contaminated soils. The soil... |
12929467 | Inclusion behavior of water-soluble thiacalix- and calix[4]arenes towards substituted benzenes in aqueous solution. | Inclusion abilities of thiacalix- and calix[4]arenetetrasulfonate (3 and 4) towards mono-substituted benzenes were investigated in neutral aqueous solution. In general, the hosts regioselectively encapsulated the guests from the aromatic moiety except the complexation of toluene by 4, in which the guest penetrated from... |
12929466 | Molecular recognition in the gas phase ligand switching reactions of the proton bound dimer of sarcosine and glycylglycine. | Ion-molecule reactions of the proton bound dimer of [Sar+H+GlyGly]+ (where Sar = sarcosine and GlyGly = glycylglycine) proceed via two main reaction channels, i.e. association and ligand switching. The association reaction, which involves formation of an adduct between the protonated dimer and neutral base, occurs more... |
12929459 | Vibrational spectra and conformational isomerism of calixarene building blocks: 2-benzylphenol. | The conformations and vibrational spectra of 2-benzylphenol have been analysed within the framework of scaled quantum mechanics. It is shown that the solid-state conformation of the 2-benzylphenol molecule corresponds to one of four potential energy minima predicted by non-empirical quantum chemical calculations for th... |
12940235 | Preparation of a unique glucan with large intervals in molecular weight distribution. Controlled ring-opening polymerization of O-permethylcyclodextrin. | O-Permethylated cyclodextrins (MeCDs) were found to be polymerizable with the initiator-activator system of HI-I2 or HI-ZnX2, undergoing ring-cleavage to give linear 1-->4-glucan. Among several conditions investigated, HI-ZnCl2 in CH2Cl2 at 0 degree C proved most effective to control this cationic ring-opening polymeri... |
12926262 | On the impossibility of determination of stepwise binding constants for the 1 : 2 complex of (+)-camphor with alpha-cyclodextrin. | Knowledge of stepwise binding constants for complexes with higher than 1:1 stoichiometry would allow one to study the cooperativity of their formation. However, a detailed analysis of partitioning of the overall binding constant beta 12 determined by NMR titrations for the 1:2 complex of (+)-camphor with alpha-cyclodex... |
12926247 | Kinetic barriers and ordering of non-covalently bound states. | Binding of a dimer of a glycopeptide antibiotic to two molecules of a ligand that are bound to a membrane surface (by a hydrocarbon anchor) has been investigated. This binding on a surface is cooperatively enhanced (surface enhancement) relative to the binding in solution, because the former occurs intramolecularly on ... |
12926245 | A general microcantilever surface modification method using a multilayer for biospecific recognition. | The key to microcantilever surface modification technology is to selectively modify one side of a microcantilever surface with molecular recognition layers. In this paper, we report a general microcantilever modification method using a multilayer film. |
12667598 | Zinc uptake into MCF-10A cells is inhibited by cholesterol depletion. | The mechanism for cellular Zn uptake was investigated by depleting cell cholesterol levels, a treatment that disrupts lipid rafts/caveolae-dependent processes and inhibits coated-pit budding. Incubation of MCF-10A human breast epithelial cells with hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin significantly lowered cell cholesterol ... |
12901598 | Rational design of peptide vaccines for autoimmune disease: harnessing molecular recognition to fix a broken network. | Autoreactive T-cells and antibodies are found at low levels in normal individuals and are thought to be kept at bay by regulatory T-cells and a network of idiotypic and anti-idiotype-bearing antigen receptors on lymphocytes as well as idiotypic anti-idiotypic antibodies. Disruption of this network by genetic, environme... |
12789620 | Ruboxistaurin (Eli Lilly). | Eli Lilly & Co is developing the protein kinase C (PKC)-b inhibitor ruboxistaurin, the lead compound from a series of 14-membered macrocycles, for the potential treatment of diabetic retinopathy, diabetic peripheral neuropathy and macular edema. |
12751814 | Kinetics of inhibition of polyphenol oxidase mediated browning in apple juice by beta-cyclodextrin and L-ascorbate-2-triphosphate. | Polyphenol Oxidase (PPO) mediated browning in raw fruits and vegetables is a major cause of quality deterioration in fruits and vegetables and derived food products. Here the rate of browning reaction in apple juice treated individually and in combination (1:1) of beta-Cyclodextrin (beta-CD) and L-Ascorbate-2-triphosph... |
12574652 | Bis([phthalocyaninato(2-)]arsenic(III)) tetradecaiodotetra-arsenic(III). | Crystals of the novel title arsenic(III) phthalocyanine complex, [As(C(32)H(16)N(8))](2)[As(4)I(14)] or [(AsPc)(+)](2).[As(4)I(14)](2-), where Pc is phthalocyaninate(2-), have been obtained by the reaction of pure powdered As with phthalonitrile under a stream of iodine vapour at 493 K. The crystals are built up of sep... |
12589507 | Applying non-parametric statistical methods to the classical measurements of inclusion complex binding constants. | A study on using non-parametric statistical methods was carried out to calculate the binding constant of an inclusion complex and to estimate its associated uncertainty. First, a correct evaluation of the stoichiometry was carried out in order to ensure an accurate determination of the binding constant. For this purpos... |
12709261 | Tumor-associated antigens identified by mRNA expression profiling as tumor rejection epitopes. | Thirteen H-2b-binding peptides derived from six potentially overexpressed proteins in p53-/- thymoma (SM7) cells were studied for immunogenecity and vaccine-induced prevention of tumor growth in mice inoculated with SM7 tumor cells. Six of the peptides generated specific CTL responses after immunization, but only two o... |
12646068 | Self-assembly of proteins and their nucleic acids. | We have developed an artificial protein scaffold, herewith called a protein vector, which allows linking of an in-vitro synthesised protein to the nucleic acid which encodes it through the process of self-assembly. This protein vector enables the direct physical linkage between a functional protein and its genetic code... |
12734696 | High-resolution proton NMR measures mobile lipids associated with Triton-resistant membrane domains in haematopoietic K562 cells lacking or expressing caveolin-1. | High-resolution proton NMR spectra of intact tumour cells generally exhibit intense signals due to isotropically mobile lipids (MLs) of still uncertain nature and origin. NMR studies performed on intact wild-type and caveolin-1-infected haematopoietic K562 cells showed that, under our experimental conditions, part of t... |
12554829 | Structure and allosteric regulation of the alpha X beta 2 integrin I domain. | The integrin alpha X beta 2 (CD11c/CD18, p150,95) binds ligands through the I domain of the alpha X subunit. Ligands include the complement factor fragment iC3b, a key component in the innate immune defense, which, together with the expression of alpha X beta 2 on dendritic cells and on other leukocytes, suggests a rol... |
12554977 | (1R,3S)-Camphoric acid as a building block in supramolecular chemistry: adducts with organic polyamines. | (1R,3S)-Camphoric acid [(1R,3S)-1,2,2,-trimethylcyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid, C(10)H(16)O(4)] forms adducts with a range of amines in which the acid component may be the neutral molecule, the mono-anion (C(10)H(15)O(4))(-) or the di-anion (C(10)H(14)O(4))(2-). The structures generated by the hard hydrogen bonds t... |
12554976 | Salts of maleic and fumaric acids with organic polyamines: comparison of isomeric acids as building blocks in supramolecular chemistry. | Maleic acid and fumaric acid both readily form adducts with organic diamines: maleic acid usually forms 2:1 adducts with bases, while fumaric acid usually forms 1:1 adducts, and the supramolecular structures within the two series are not simply related. The 1:2 adducts formed by 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane and by 4,4'-bip... |
12554975 | Phosphonoacetic acid as a building block in supramolecular chemistry: salts with organic polyamines. | Phosphonoacetic acid, (HO)(2)P(O)CH(2)COOH, forms adducts with a range of amines. The acid component in these adducts may be the neutral molecule C(2)H(5)O(5)P, the mono-anion (C(2)H(4)O(5)P)(-) or the di-anion (C(2)H(3)O(5)P)(2-). The substructure formed by the acid component takes the form of simple chains in compoun... |
12574069 | Molecular recognition and docking algorithms. | Molecular docking is an invaluable tool in modern drug discovery. This review focuses on methodological developments relevant to the field of molecular docking. The forces important in molecular recognition are reviewed and followed by a discussion of how different scoring functions account for these forces. More recen... |
12551953 | Anthrax toxin triggers endocytosis of its receptor via a lipid raft-mediated clathrin-dependent process. | The protective antigen (PA) of the anthrax toxin binds to a cell surface receptor and thereby allows lethal factor (LF) to be taken up and exert its toxic effect in the cytoplasm. Here, we report that clustering of the anthrax toxin receptor (ATR) with heptameric PA or with an antibody sandwich causes its association t... |
12552112 | Structural evidence for substrate strain in antibody catalysis. | The crystal structure of the Michaelis complex between the Fab fragment of ferrochelatase antibody 7G12 and its substrate mesoporphyrin has been solved to 2.6-A resolution. The antibody-bound mesoporphyrin clearly adopts a nonplanar conformation and reveals that the antibody catalyzes the porphyrin metallation reaction... |
12554949 | Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of alpha-cyclodextrin glucanotransferase isolated from Bacillus macerans. | Single crystals of alpha-cyclodextrin glucanotransferase isolated from Bacillus macerans have been grown with polyethylene glycol 6000 as a precipitating agent by sitting-drop vapour diffusion at room temperature. The crystals were suitable for X-ray analysis and diffracted to at least 2.0 A (space group P2(1)2(1)2(1))... |
12538865 | A quantitative structure-function relationship for the Photosystem II reaction center: supermolecular behavior in natural photosynthesis. | Light-induced charge separation is the primary photochemical event of photosynthesis. Efficient charge separation in photosynthetic reaction centers requires the balancing of electron and excitation energy transfer processes, and in Photosystem II (PSII), these processes are particularly closely entangled. Calculations... |
12538863 | Biochemical characterization of the Yersinia YopT protease: cleavage site and recognition elements in Rho GTPases. | The Gram-negative bacterial pathogen Yersinia delivers six effector proteins into the host cells to thwart the host innate immune response. One of the effectors, YopT, causes the disruption of the actin cytoskeleton and contributes to the inhibition of phagocytosis of the pathogen. YopT functions as a cysteine protease... |
12538640 | The coiled-coil membrane protein golgin-84 is a novel rab effector required for Golgi ribbon formation. | Fragmentation of the mammalian Golgi apparatus during mitosis requires the phosphorylation of a specific subset of Golgi-associated proteins. We have used a biochemical approach to characterize these proteins and report here the identification of golgin-84 as a novel mitotic target. Using cryoelectron microscopy we cou... |
12632187 | Cholesterol modifies the gating of Kv1.3 in human T lymphocytes. | The Kv1.3 potassium channel that belongs to the Shaker family of voltage-gated K(+) channels plays a crucial role in the mitogenic response of T cells. Because it spans the cell membrane its function can be influenced by lipid-protein interactions. In order to study the effect of lipid-protein interactions on the funct... |
12533666 | A photochemical approach to the lipid accessibility of engineered cysteinyl residues. | Ordinary electrophilic reagents react too slowly in a nonpolar environment to be useful for the determination of the accessibility to lipid of continuous stretches of residues mutated to cysteine. By contrast, photoactivated 5-iodonaphthyl-1-azide (INA) reacted readily with 2-mercaptoethanol and dodecanethiol in nonpol... |
12562869 | Circulating oxidized LDL forms complexes with beta2-glycoprotein I: implication as an atherogenic autoantigen. | Beta2-glycoprotein I (beta2-GPI) is a major antigen for antiphospholipid antibodies (Abs, aPL) present in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). We recently reported (J. Lipid Res., 42: 697, 2001; J. Lipid Res., 43: 1486, 2002) that beta2-GPI specifically binds to Cu2+-oxidized LDL (oxLDL) and that the beta2-GP... |
12636529 | Structure of self-assembled liposome-DNA-metal complexes. | We have studied the structural and morphological properties of the triple complex dioleoyl phosphatidylcholine (DOPC)-DNA-Mn2+ by means of synchrotron x-ray diffraction and freeze-fracture transmission electron microscopy. This complex is formed in a self-assembled manner when water solutions of neutral lipid, DNA, and... |
12527752 | Direct visualization of Ras proteins in spatially distinct cell surface microdomains. | Localization of signaling complexes to specific microdomains coordinates signal transduction at the plasma membrane. Using immunogold electron microscopy of plasma membrane sheets coupled with spatial point pattern analysis, we have visualized morphologically featureless microdomains, including lipid rafts, in situ and... |
12527751 | Compensation mechanism in tumor cell migration: mesenchymal-amoeboid transition after blocking of pericellular proteolysis. | Invasive tumor dissemination in vitro and in vivo involves the proteolytic degradation of ECM barriers. This process, however, is only incompletely attenuated by protease inhibitor-based treatment, suggesting the existence of migratory compensation strategies. In three-dimensional collagen matrices, spindle-shaped prot... |
12522269 | Chaperones increase association of tau protein with microtubules. | Molecular chaperones and their functions in protein folding have been implicated in several neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease, which are characterized by accumulation of protein aggregates (e.g., alpha-synuclein and huntingtin, respectively). These aggregates have been s... |
12522267 | The binding specificity and affinity determinants of family 1 and family 3 cellulose binding modules. | Cellulose binding modules (CBMs) potentiate the action of cellulolytic enzymes on insoluble substrates. Numerous studies have established that three aromatic residues on a CBM surface are needed for binding onto cellulose crystals and that tryptophans contribute to higher binding affinity than tyrosines. However, studi... |
12522261 | Robustness and the cycle of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation in a two-component regulatory system. | The EnvZ/OmpR system in Escherichia coli, which regulates the expression of the porins OmpF and OmpC, is one of the simplest and best-characterized examples of two-component signaling. Like many other histidine kinases, EnvZ is bifunctional; it phosphorylates and dephosphorylates the response regulator OmpR. We have an... |
12522144 | Membrane lipid organization is critical for human neutrophil polarization. | In response to chemoattractants neutrophils extend an actin-rich pseudopod, which imparts morphological polarity and is required for migration. Even when stimulated by an isotropic bath of chemoattractant, neutrophils exhibit persistent polarization and continued lamellipod formation at the front, suggesting that the c... |
12519755 | Differential regulation of CXCR4-mediated T-cell chemotaxis and mitogen-activated protein kinase activation by the membrane tyrosine phosphatase, CD45. | The chemokine receptor CXCR4 and its cognate ligand, stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha (CXCL12), regulate lymphocyte trafficking and play an important role in host immune surveillance. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in CXCL12-induced and CXCR4-mediated chemotaxis of T-lymphocytes are not completely elucida... |
12570623 | Hollow-core dendrimers revisited. | In revisiting the original argument of de Gennes and Hervet [J. Phys. (Paris) 44, L351 (1983)]] leading to "hollow-core" dendrimers, we show that a self-consistent application of their model leads to the "filled-core" model first elucidated by Lescanec and Muthukumar [Macromolecules 23, 2280 (1990)]]. The monomer densi... |
12515863 | Visualization of coupled protein folding and binding in bacteria and purification of the heterodimeric complex. | During overexpression of recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli, misfolded proteins often aggregate and form inclusion bodies. If an aggregation-prone recombinant protein is fused upstream (as an N-terminal fusion) to GFP, aggregation of the recombinant protein domain also leads to misfolding of the downstream GFP do... |
12515827 | Dynamic changes in the mobility of LAT in aggregated lipid rafts upon T cell activation. | Lipid rafts are known to aggregate in response to various stimuli. By way of raft aggregation after stimulation, signaling molecules in rafts accumulate and interact so that the signal received at a given membrane receptor is amplified efficiently from the site of aggregation. To elucidate the process of lipid raft agg... |
12515826 | Amyloidogenic processing of the Alzheimer beta-amyloid precursor protein depends on lipid rafts. | Formation of senile plaques containing the beta-amyloid peptide (A beta) derived from the amyloid precursor protein (APP) is an invariant feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). APP is cleaved either by beta-secretase or by alpha-secretase to initiate amyloidogenic (release of A beta) or nonamyloidogenic processing of APP... |
12517745 | RETRACTED: The glycoprotein Ib-IX-V complex mediates localization of factor XI to lipid rafts on the platelet membrane. | Factor XI binds to activated platelets where it is efficiently activated by thrombin. The factor XI receptor is the platelet membrane glycoprotein (GP) Ib-IX-V complex (Baglia, F. A., Badellino, K. O., Li, C. Q., Lopez, J. A., and Walsh, P. N. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277, 1662-1668), a significant fraction of which exist... |
12560962 | Solvent properties of the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid. | 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMIM-PF(6)) was synthesized and purified to be used as a ionic liquid solvent. Its physicochemical properties were studied. The ionic liquid/water (P(il/water)) and ionic liquid/heptane (P(il/heptane)) distribution coefficients of a set of 40 compounds with various funct... |
12514181 | Molecular recognition in helix-loop-helix and helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper domains. Design of repertoires and selection of high affinity ligands for natural proteins. | Helix-loop-helix (HLH) and helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper (HLHZip) are dimerization domains that mediate selective pairing among members of a large transcription factor family involved in cell fate determination. To investigate the molecular rules underlying recognition specificity and to isolate molecules interfering... |
12545386 | Immobilisation of cyclodextrin glucanotransferase from Bacillus circulans ATCC 21783 on purified seasand. | Cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) from Bacillus circulans (ATCC 21783) was immobilised on a silica-based support: purified seasand. Although adsorption of 98% was achieved, considerable desorption was encountered. This problem was minimised by crosslinking the adsorbed enzyme with glutaraldehyde. The immobilised... |
32287463 | Chapter 22. Non-HIV antiviral agents. | This chapter focuses on non-HIV antiviral agents. The development of antiviral agents to treat non-HIV infections is largely focused on therapies for the treatment of chronic hepatitis infections B and C. Nucleoside analog continue to be the mainstay of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) therapeutics. The first small molecule inh... |
23365495 | An overview on the development of newcastle disease virus as an anti-cancer therapy. | Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is one of the most economically important avian virus which affects the poultry industry worldwide. Although NDV is being very actively studied in Malaysia, there are still no studies on its potential as an anticancer agent, a new approach to treating cancer known as virotherapy. Currently... |
21132488 | Antibody dendrimers. | Supramolecular formations of antibodies by their specific molecular recognition to antigens are investigated. Linear and network supramolecular architectures have been constructed by using immunoglobulin G (IgG) and divalent or trivalent antigens, respectively. An amplification method of the detection signals for the t... |
21132487 | Gene transfer in eukaryotic cells using activated dendrimers. | Gene transfer into eukaryotic cells plays an important role in cell biology. Over the last 30 years a number of transfection methods have been developed to mediate gene transfer into eukaryotic cells. Classical methods include co-precipitation of DNA with calcium phosphate, charge-dependent precipitation of DNA with DE... |
21132486 | Dendrimers for optoelectronic applications. | This manuscript describes the dendritic macromolecules for optical and optoelectronic applications, particularly stimulated emission, laser emission, and nonlinear optics. Dendrimers have been designed and synthesized for these applications based on simple concepts. A core-shell structure, through the encapsulation of ... |
21132485 | Antenna effects of aromatic dendrons and their luminescence applications. | Remarkable concentration of the photon energy absorbed by aromatic dendritic scaffolds toward the focal point (i.e., antenna effects) is one of the most distinct features of the dendritic macromolecules. Poly(benzyl ether) dendron is used as effective antennas in various luminescence systems. For example, organic photo... |
21132484 | Luminescent dendrimers. Recent advances. | Luminescent dendrimers are currently attracting much attention since coupling luminescence and dendrimer research topics can lead to valuable new functions. Indeed, luminescence is a valuable tool to monitor both basic properties and possible applications (sensors, displays, lasers), and dendrimers are macromolecular c... |
21132483 | Effect of dendrimers on the crystallization of calcium carbonate in aqueous solution. | Construction of organic-inorganic hybrid materials with controlled mineralization analogous to those produced by nature is now a current interest for both organic and inorganic chemists to understand the mechanism of natural biomineralization processes as well as to seek industrial and technological applications. Model... |
21132482 | Rotaxane dendrimers. | The synthesis, properties, and potential applications of rotaxane dendrimers, dendritic molecules containing rotaxane-like mechanical bonds to link their components are described. Rotaxane dendrimers are classified into three types depending on where rotaxane-like features are introduced - Type I, II, and III rotaxane ... |
21132481 | Fullerodendrimers: fullerene-containing macromolecules with intriguing properties. | Fullerenes possess electronic and photophysical properties which make them natural candidates for the preparation of functional dendrimers. The attachment of a controlled number of dendrons on a C(60) core provides a compact insulating layer around the carbon sphere, and the triplet lifetimes of the C(60) chromophore c... |
21132480 | An adventure in macromolecular chemistry based on the achievements of dendrimer science: molecular design, synthesis, and some basic properties of cyclic porphyrin oligomers to create a functional nano-sized space. | This review is dedicated to Emeritus Professor Soichi Misumi on his 77(th) birthday (NB the 77(th) birthday in Japan has special significance since the Chinese character for "77" resemble those for "happy").Dendrimer chemistry has taught us that these molecules create a nano-sized closed space that, presumably, is the ... |
21132479 | Metallodendrimers composed of organometallic building blocks. | The incorporation of metallic species into dendritic molecules has been attracting much attention, because the addition of properties characteristic of metallic complexes, such as magnetic, electronic, and photo-optical properties, as well as reactivity, may lead to the realization of new functionalized dendrimers. Org... |
18629077 | Multiple sequence alignments as tools for protein structure and function prediction. | Multiple sequence alignments have much to offer to the understanding of protein structure, evolution and function. We are developing approaches to use this information in predicting protein-binding specificity, intra-protein and protein-protein interactions, and in reconstructing protein interaction networks. |
18365057 | Fertility inhibitors macrocyclic complexes of bivalent manganese: synthetic, spectroscopic and medicinal approach. | The modern physico-chemical, spectroscopic and biochemical methods have proved an important tool to elucidate the constitution of transition metal complexes. This paper presents a brief account of the synthesis, spectroscopic and medicinal aspects of tetraazamacrocyclic compounds of manganese(II). Sixteen to eighteen m... |
18365052 | Gold(III) compounds as new family of anticancer drugs. | Gold(III) complexes are emerging as a new class of metal complexes with outstanding cytotoxic properties and are presently being evaluated as potential antitumor agents. This renewed interest is the result of recent studies in which various gold(III) complexes have been shown to be stable under physiological conditions... |
18365045 | The effect of fused 12-membered nickel metallacrowns on DNA and their antibacterial activity. | The synthesis, characterization and the biological study of a series of Ni(ll)(2)(carboxylato)(2) [12- MC(Ni(II)N(shi)2(pko)2)-4][12-MC(Ni(ii)N(sh03(pko))-4] (CH(3)OH)(3)(H(3)O) fused 12-membered metallacrowns with 10 metal ions and commercial available herbicides or anti-inflammatory drugs as carboxylato ligands are r... |
18365039 | Comparison of crystal field dependent and independent methods to analyse lanthanide induced NMR shifts in axially symmetric complexes. Part II: systems with a C4 symmetry axis. | Analysis of the LIS data for several series of Ln(3+) complexes of C(4) symmetry in terms of structural changes, crystal-field effects and/or variation of hyperfine constants along the lanthanide series was undertaken using a combination of the two-nuclei and three-nuclei techniques together with the classical onenucle... |
16245063 | Phytol as one of the determinants of chlorophyll interactions in solution. | Optical absorption and fluorescence parameters of chlorophyll a and the phytol-free chlorophyllide a, as well as of their Mg-depleted derivatives, were compared in a series of organic solvents. In contrast to prevailing opinion, the spectral properties of chlorophyll are not indifferent to the removal of phytol. The el... |
16233570 | Mechanism of enhancement effect of dendrimer on transdermal drug permeation through polyhydroxyalkanoate matrix. | The possible application of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) in transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDSs) for tamsulosin was previously reported. PHAs containing the drugs, ketoprofen, clonidine and tamsulosin showed good adhesiveness to the skin model used, that is, shed snake skin, and dispersed well all model drugs tested... |
16233509 | Comparative study on delivery of phosphatidic acid to serum-free culture of Chinese hamster ovary cells. | Liposomes containing phosphatidic acid (PA) and inclusion complexes of PA with methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (CD) were compared with PA dispersion prepared with a nonionic surfactant, Tween 80, for their effect on the growth of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells in serum-free culture. All of the types of PA preparation were ... |
16233461 | Synthesis of glycosyl glycerol by cyclodextrin glucanotransferases. | Glycerol was transglycosylated by cyclodextrin glucanotransferases using starch as a donor substrate. Among the enzymes tested, those from Geobacillus stearothermophilus and Thermoanaerobacter sp. were suitable for the transglycosylation. Several products were isolated and their structures were elucidated. They were co... |
16233454 | Novel transdermal drug delivery system with polyhydroxyalkanoate and starburst polyamidoamine dendrimer. | In search of an efficient transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS), a polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA)-based system with a polyamidoamine dendrimer was examined. Tamsulosin was used as the model drug. The dendrimer was found to act as the weak enhancer. By adding the dendrimer, the dendrimer-containing PHA matrix achieved the... |
16233437 | Enhanced enzyme activity and enantioselectivity of lipases in organic solvents by crown ethers and cyclodextrins. | Lipases from Candida rugosa (CRL) and Pseudomonas cepacia (PCL) were co-lyophilized with cyclic oligoethers including four crown ethers and nine cyclodextrins (CyDs), and their transesterification activity and enantioselectivity in organic solvents were evaluated. The PCL co-lyophilized with each additive showed simult... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.