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15656201 | Synthesis and characterization of nanoporous silica using dendrimer molecules. | A water soluble porogen, e.g., poly(amido amine) dendrimer, has been used as a structure-directing agent to introduce porosity of nanometer scale in silica-based nanocomposite materials. Hydrothermal synthesis was carried out at different elevated temperatures (343-413 K) in a closed teflon-lined stainless steel autocl... |
15649028 | Inclusion complexation of 2-amino-7-bromofluorene by beta-cyclodextrin: spectral characteristics and the effect of pH. | Spectral characteristics of 2-amino-7-bromofluorene (2ABF) have been studied in aqueous beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CDx) solution. Enhancement in the fluorescence intensity of the neutral from of 2ABF was observed due to the formation of 1:1 complex with beta-CDx. The formation of this complex was confirmed by time-resolve... |
15646040 | Differential regulation by fatty acids of protein histidine phosphorylation in rat pancreatic islets. | Long-chain fatty acids (e.g. arachidonic acid) have been implicated in physiological control of insulin secretion. We previously reported histidine phosphorylation of at least two islet proteins (e.g., NDP kinase and the beta subunit of trimeric G-proteins), and suggested that such a signalling step may have regulatory... |
15627876 | Distribution of catecholaminergic neurotransmitters and related receptors in human bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue. | <h4>Background</h4>The functions of the bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) are under the control of the autonomic nervous system (sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve fibers).<h4>Objectives</h4>The relationships between the adrenergic nerve fibers and beta-adrenergic receptors were studied in the human BALT wi... |
15520272 | Fluorescence imaging of two-photon linear dichroism: cholesterol depletion disrupts molecular orientation in cell membranes. | The plasma membrane of cells is an ordered environment, giving rise to anisotropic orientation and restricted motion of molecules and proteins residing in the membrane. At the same time as being an organized matrix of defined structure, the cell membrane is heterogeneous and dynamic. Here we present a method where we u... |
15571663 | Phospholipid mesophases at solid interfaces: in-situ X-ray diffraction and spin-label studies. | In this work, we report on recent investigations, both on the global and on the local molecular architecture of supported phospholipid model membranes. A brief theoretical introduction explains how global structural information on supramolecular lipid ensembles can be retrieved from surface X-ray diffraction measuremen... |
15515103 | Selection of a pentameric host in the host-guest complexes [[[[P(mu-NtBu)]2(mu-NH)]5].I]-[Li(thf)4]+ and [[[P(mu-NtBu)]2(mu-NH)]5].HBr.THF. | The structures of the host-guest complexes [[[[P(mu-NtBu)]2(mu-NH)]5]I]-.[Li(thf)4]+ [2.I[Li(thf)4]] and [[[P(mu-NtBu)]2(mu-NH)]5].HBr.THF (2.HBr.THF) show that increased distortion of the framework of the pentameric macrocycle [[[P(mu-NtBu)]2(mu-NH)]5] (2) occurs with the larger halide ions. Theoretical studies show t... |
15515073 | Mass spectrometric investigation of noncovalent complexation between a tetratosylated resorcarene and alkyl ammonium ions. | Noncovalent complexation between tetratosylated tetraethyl resorcarene (1) and primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl ammonium ions (mMe, dMe, tMe, mEt, dEt, tEt, dBu, and dHex) was studied by electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (ESI-FTICR) mass spectrometry. Interactions of the noncovalen... |
15554702 | Interaction between muscle aldolase and muscle fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase results in the substrate channeling. | Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) is known to form a supramolecular complex with alpha-actinin and aldolase on both sides of the Z-line in skeletal muscle cells. It has been proposed that association of aldolase with FBPase not only desensitizes muscle FBPase toward AMP inhibition but it also might enable the channe... |
15612674 | DNA-templated assembly of helical cyanine dye aggregates: a supramolecular chain polymerization. | Symmetrical cationic cyanine dyes assemble in cooperative fashion into helical supramolecular polymers using DNA as a template. The dyes assemble into cofacial dimers within the minor groove of the DNA and assembly of one dimer facilitates assembly of additional dimers directly adjacent to the first. Growth of the poly... |
15612592 | [The structure of the complexes of DNA with non-histone chromosomal protein HMGB1 in the presence of manganese ions]. | The complexes of DNA - HMGB1 protein - manganese ions have been studied using circular dichroism (CD) technique. It was shown that in such three-component system the interactions of both the protein and metal ions with DNA differ from those in two-component complexes. The manganese ions do not affect the CD spectrum of... |
15532055 | Self-assembly of folic acid derivatives: induction of supramolecular chirality by hierarchical chiral structures. | Hierarchical chiral structures made up of dendritic oligo(L- or D-glutamic acid) moieties of folic acid derivatives induce supramolecular chirality in the self-assembled columnar structures of the folic acids. These folic acids self-assemble through the intermolecular hydrogen bonds of the pterin rings to form disklike... |
15472938 | Two-component dendritic gel: effect of stereochemistry on the supramolecular chiral assembly. | The self-assembly of diaminododecane solubilised by four different stereoisomeric dendritic peptides to form gel-phase materials in toluene was investigated. The second generation dendritic peptides were based on D- and L-lysine building blocks, and each contained three chiral centres. By designing dendritic peptides i... |
15604011 | Directed evolution governed by controlling the molecular recognition between an abzyme and its haptenic transition-state analog. | The catalytic antibody, 6D9, was subjected to directed evolution in the phage-display system using two structurally related transition-state analogs (TSAs) for panning. One analog, TSA 3, was originally used for immunization, and the other, TSA 4, a derivative of TSA 3, was designed to optimize the differential affinit... |
15604821 | Drastically lowering the titer of waterborne bacteriophage PRD1 by exposure to immobilized hydrophobic polycations. | Decrease in the titer of bacteriophage PRD1 (a model of animal adenoviruses) in aqueous solutions caused by the presence of systematically chemically derivatized surfaces was kinetically investigated. The greatest loss of infectivity--up to a 4-log reduction in the titer--was observed with immobilized hydrophobic polye... |
15599414 | Conformation perturbation of p-sulfonatocalix[5]arene via complexation of 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane. | A novel conformation of p-sulfonatocalix[5]arene has been established in the solid state with two calixarenes organised in a 'bis-molecular capsule' shrouding two di-protonated DABCO molecules and two water molecules within. |
15595424 | Crosslinking of beta-cyclodextrin on cholesterol removal from milk. | This study was designed to develop crosslinking of beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD), and determine the optimum conditions of different factors (mixing time, mixing temperature, and mixing speed) on cholesterol reduction from milk. Crosslinked beta-CD was prepared with epichlorohydrin. When milk was treated with different co... |
15587922 | Pulmonary delivery of low molecular weight heparins. | <h4>Purpose</h4>To investigate if pulmonary delivery of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) formulated with tetradecyl-beta-maltoside (TDM) or dimethyl-beta-cyclodextrin (DMbetaCD) could be a feasible alternative to subcutaneous injections for the treatment of pulmonary embolism.<h4>Methods</h4>The pulmonary absorption... |
15587584 | Allylthiosulfinate: beta-cyclodextrin inclusion complex: preparation, characterization and microbiological activity. | An allylthiosulfinate: beta-cyclodextrin inclusion complex was synthesized and characterized using X-ray crystallography, IR spectroscopy, thermal analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance. The microbiological activity of the complex was tested on available fungi (Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404... |
15587580 | HPLC enantioseparation of potential beta-blockers of the aryloxyaminopropanol type. Study of the mechanism of enantioseparation, Part VIII. | This paper presents the results of HPLC enantioseparation of derivatives of aryloxyaminopropanols obtained using six chiral stationary phases [macrocyclic antibiotic (vancomycin, teicoplanin, teicoplanin aglycone, and methylated teicoplanin aglycone) and cyclodextrin (beta and gamma)] and a mixture of methanol/acetonit... |
15546182 | Synthesis and in vitro testing of J591 antibody-dendrimer conjugates for targeted prostate cancer therapy. | Targeted therapeutics using antibodies are an attractive option over conventional cancer chemotherapeutics due to their potential to deliver a therapeutic specifically to cancer tissue without damaging normal tissue. However, there are known problems with immunoconjugates such as decreased immunoreactivity and poor sol... |
15544372 | Polymer bilayer formation due to specific interactions between beta-cyclodextrin and adamantane: a surface force study. | The purposes of this study are to utilize the interactions between an adamantane end-capped poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and a cationic polymer of beta-cyclodextrin to build polymer bilayers on negatively charged surfaces, and to investigate the interactions between such layers. The association of this system in solution... |
15544366 | Interactions of charged porphyrins with nonionic triblock copolymer hosts in aqueous solutions. | The extent and locus of solubilization of guest and self-assembling surfactant host molecules in aqueous solutions are influenced by a variety of hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions, as well as by more specific interactions between the various species present. By using a combination of two-dimensional heteronuclea... |
15579685 | Chromosome-wide regulation of meiotic crossover formation in Caenorhabditis elegans requires properly assembled chromosome axes. | Most sexually reproducing organisms depend on the regulated formation of crossovers, and the consequent chiasmata, to accomplish successful segregation of homologous chromosomes at the meiosis I division. A robust, chromosome-wide crossover control system limits chromosome pairs to one crossover in most meioses in the ... |
15565682 | Subsecond chiral separations on a microchip. | Fast chiral separation of DNS-amino acids could be realized using microchip electrophoresis with fluorescence detection. For this purpose, highly sulfated cyclodextrins (HS-gamma-CD) were used as chiral selectors enabling high selectivity. Even subsecond separation of DNS-tryptophan, DNS-norleucine, DNS-phenylalanine, ... |
15575723 | Operational regimes for a simplified one-step artificial chaperone refolding method. | The "artificial chaperone method" for protein refolding developed by Rozema et al. (Rozema, D.; Gellman, S. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117 (8), 2373-2374) involves the sequential dilution of denatured protein into a buffer containing detergent (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTAB) and then into a refolding buffer cont... |
15573594 | Preliminary study of lake dissolved organic matter in light of nanoscale supramolecular assembly. | Large-scale preparative high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) was performed to separate different molecular size fractions in milligram quantities from strongly colored dissolved organic matter (DOM) of a freshwater using a very mild conjugate acid-base pair (10 mM acetic acid-sodium acetate solution a... |
15571664 | Interfacially formed organized planar inorganic, polymeric and composite nanostructures. | This paper discusses synthetic strategies for fabrication of new organized planar inorganic, polymeric, composite and bio-inorganic nanostructures by methods based on chemical reactions and physical interactions at the gas-liquid interface, Langmuir monolayer technique, interfacial ligand exchange and substitution reac... |
15529397 | Tamoxifen-loaded polymeric micelles: preparation, physico-chemical characterization and in vitro evaluation studies. | Several samples of polymeric micelles, formed by amphiphilic derivatives of PHEA, obtained by grafting into polymeric backbone of PEGs and/or hexadecylamine groups (PHEA-PEG-C(16) and PHEA-C(16)) and containing different amount of Tamoxifen, were prepared. All Tamoxifen-loaded polymeric micelles showed to increase drug... |
15570005 | Application of a macromolecular contrast agent for detection of alterations of tumor vessel permeability induced by radiation. | Permeability of tumor vasculature can be a major barrier to successful drug delivery, particularly for high molecular weight agents such as monoclonal antibodies and their diagnostic or therapeutic conjugates. In this study, changes in permeability of SCCVII tumor vessels after radiation treatment were evaluated by dyn... |
15567858 | A reversible synthetic rotary molecular motor. | The circumrotation of a submolecular fragment in either direction in a synthetic molecular structure is described. The movement of a small ring around a larger one occurs through positional displacements arising from biased Brownian motion that are kinetically captured and then directionally released. The sense of rota... |
15567857 | Periodic mesoporous dendrisilicas. | We report the synthesis of a new class of materials called periodic mesoporous dendrisilicas. They are prepared from dendrimers with trialkoxysilyl groups at the outmost shell. Dendrimers of various cores and numbers of shells are used. The dendrisilica synthesis is based on acid- or base-catalyzed hydrolysis of the tr... |
15567756 | Pancreatic encephalopathy in 24 patients with severe acute pancreatitis. | <h4>Background</h4>Pancreatic encephalopathy (PE), an unfamiliar complication of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), is difficult to diagnose and treat, and it has a high mortality. The aim of this study was to investigate the manifestation, classification, mechanism and therapy of PE.<h4>Methods</h4>Of 132 patients with ... |
15565240 | Cyclodextrins containing an acetone bridge. Synthesis and study as epoxidation catalysts. | Three cyclodextrine derivatives (6A,6D-di-O-(prop-2-one-1,3-dienyl)-alpha-cyclodextrin (1), 6-O-(prop-2-one-1-yl)-alpha-cyclodextrin (2) and 6A,6D-di-O-(prop-2-one-1,3-dienyl)-beta-cyclodextrin (3)) were synthesised and investigated as epoxidation catalysts. The three compounds were synthesised from the corresponding p... |
15564752 | Immunomodulatory therapy in ophthalmology - is there a place for topical application? | Topical corticosteroids, although effective in the treatment of ocular immune-mediated diseases, are well known for their ocular side-effects. Not surprisingly, a variety of alternative immunomodulatory agents have been tested for topical use including cyclosporin A (CsA), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), tacrolimus (FK506... |
15480432 | An HSP90-mimic peptide revealed by fingerprinting the pool of antibodies from ovarian cancer patients. | To gain insight into the mechanisms of molecular recognition and humoral immune response in ovarian cancer, we used fingerprinting, a phage display-based combinatorial selection to isolate peptide ligands to tumor-related antibodies present in ascites from patients with advanced disease. First, we have isolated a conse... |
15560503 | On-line sample cleanup and chiral separation of gemifloxacin in a urinary solution using chiral crown ether as a chiral selector in microchip electrophoresis. | In chiral capillary electrophoresis of primary amine enantiomers using (+)-18-crown-6-tetracarboxylic acid (18C6H4) as a chiral selector, the presence of alkaline metal ions in the sample solution as well as in the run buffer is undesirable due to their strong competitive binding with 18C6H4. A channel-coupled microchi... |
15560476 | High-performance liquid chromatography of di- and trisubstituted aromatic positional isomers on 1,3-alternate 25,27-dipropoxy-26,28-bis-[3-propyloxy]-calix[4]arene-bonded silica gel stationary phase. | A new 1,3-alternate 25,27-dipropoxy-26,28-bis-[3-propyloxy]-calix[4]arene-bonded silica gel stationary phase (1,3-Alt CalixPr) has been prepared and used for the separation of di- and trisubstituted aromatic positional isomers by HPLC. The effect of organic modifier content, pH and column temperature on retention and s... |
15557121 | Protein oligomerization modulates raft partitioning and apical sorting of GPI-anchored proteins. | An essential but insufficient step for apical sorting of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) in epithelial cells is their association with detergent-resistant microdomains (DRMs) or rafts. In this paper, we show that in MDCK cells both apical and basolateral GPI-APs associate with DRMs during... |
15557116 | Structural and functional analysis of Nup133 domains reveals modular building blocks of the nuclear pore complex. | Nucleocytoplasmic transport occurs through nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) whose complex architecture is generated from a set of only approximately 30 proteins, termed nucleoporins. Here, we explore the domain structure of Nup133, a nucleoporin in a conserved NPC subcomplex that is crucial for NPC biogenesis and is belie... |
15554632 | Macrocyclic and lantern complexes of palladium(II) with bis(amidopyridine) ligands: synthesis, structure, and host-guest chemistry. | The reactions of [PdCl2(NCPh)2] in a 1:1 ratio with the bis(amidopyridine) ligands LL=C6H3(5-R)(1,3-CONH-3-C5H4N)2 with R=H (1a) or R=t-Bu (1b) give the corresponding neutral dipalladium(II) macrocycles trans,trans-[Pd2Cl4(mu-LL)2], 2a and 2b, which crystallize from dimethylformamide with one or two solvent molecules a... |
15554625 | Mixed valence Mn(II)/Mn(III) [3 x 3] grid complexes: structural, electrochemical, spectroscopic, and magnetic properties. | Mn(II)9 grid complexes with a [Mn9(mu-O)12] core, obtained by self-assembly of a series of tritopic picolinic dihydrazone ligands with Mn(II) salts, have been oxidized by both chemical and electrochemical methods to produce mixed oxidation state systems. Examples involving [Mn(III)3Mn(II)6] and [Mn(III)4Mn(II)5] combin... |
15554619 | Porphyrin supermolecules: synthesis and self-assembly features of zinc-5-(3'-pyridyl)-10,15,20-tris(4'-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin. | Targeted synthesis of the title compound, with one converging coordination site and three diverging H-bonding sites, has led to the formation of multiporphyrin oligomers by directed intermolecular coordination, without resorting to external auxiliaries. A uniquely structured cyclic tetraporphyrin supermolecule was dete... |
15549787 | Oligomers of hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronenes as "super-oligophenylenes": synthesis, electronic properties, and self-assembly. | Hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene (HBC) is a remarkable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and is often called "superbenzene" because of its similarity to benzene. In this article we present the facile synthesis of oligomers of HBC, up to trimers (3, 4, 5a-c) with different modes of connection. UV-vis and fluorescence spectrosc... |
15548062 | Is the tert-butyl group bulky enough to end-cap a pseudorotaxane with a 24-crown-8-ether wheel? | Although rotaxane chemists have long believed that the tert-butyl group is bulkier than the cavity of dibenzo-24-crown-8-ether (DB24C8), it is essentially smaller than the cavity of DB24C8. The tert-butyl (or 4-tert-butylphenyl) group can actually function as an end-cap of DB24C8-based rotaxanes when the intercomponent... |
15548060 | Synthesis of enantiopure imidazolines through a Ritter reaction of 2-(1-aminoalkyl)aziridines with nitriles. | The Ritter reaction of enantiopure 2-(1-aminoalkyl)aziridines 1 with different nitriles afford enantiopure tetrasubstituted imidazolines 2. The opening of the aziridine ring takes place with total regio- and stereoselectivity. A mechanism to explain the described addition reaction is proposed. [reaction: see text] |
15548017 | Anion binding to a ferric porphyrin complexed with per-O-methylated beta-cyclodextrin in aqueous solution. | 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphinato iron(III) (Fe(III)TPPS) forms a very stable 1:2 complex with heptakis(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-beta-cyclodextrin (TMe-beta-CD), whose iron(III) center is located at a hydrophobic cleft formed by two face-to-face TMe-beta-CD molecules. Various inorganic anions (X(-)) such as F... |
15548015 | Fluorescence and aggregation behavior of poly(amidoamine) dendrimers peripherally modified with aromatic chromophores: the effect of dendritic architectures. | PAMAM dendrimers of the zeroth to fifth generation (G0-5) have been peripherally modified with phenyl, naphthyl, pyrenyl, and dansyl chromophores. Their fluorescence behaviors are strongly affected by the dendritic architectures at different generations. These dendrimers modified with hydrophobic chromphores can self-o... |
15547990 | Molecular recognition remolds the self-assembly of hydrogelators and increases the elasticity of the hydrogel by 10(6)-fold. | Addition of vancomycin (1, the receptor) to the supramolecular hydrogel of self-assembled pyrene-d-Ala-d-Ala (2, the ligand) increases the storage modulus of the hydrogel of 2 by about 106-fold. Rheology, microscopy, and spectroscopy investigations suggest that the two-dimensional polymers, formed by the ligand-recepto... |
15547984 | Dimeric molecular capsules under redox control. | A new tetraferrocenylurea calix[4]arene was prepared in order to investigate its dimerization properties. 1H NMR spectroscopic data clearly established that this calixarene forms stable dimeric molecular capsules in chloroform solution. The dimeric capsules are stabilized by the formation of multiple hydrogen bonds bet... |
15520380 | Atomic structure of a tryptophan-zipper pentamer. | Coiled-coil motifs are ubiquitous mediators of specific protein-protein interactions through the formation of interlocking hydrophobic seams between alpha-helical chains. Residues that form these seams occur at the first (a) and fourth (d) positions of a characteristic 7-aa repeat and are primarily aliphatic. The poten... |
15546189 | Binding behavior of aliphatic oligopeptides by bridged and metallobridged bis(beta-cyclodextrin)s bearing an oxamido bis(2-benzoic) carboxyl linker. | beta-Cyclodextrin dimers bearing an oxamido bis(2-benzoic) carboxyl linker (1) or its metal complexes (2 and 3) were newly synthesized, and their inclusion complexation behavior with a series of representative aliphatic oligopeptides, i.e., Leu-Gly, Gly-Leu, Gly-Pro, Glu-Glu, Gly-Gly, Gly-Gly-Gly, and Glu(Cys-Gly), was... |
15546187 | Hydrotropic dendrimers of generations 4 and 5: synthesis, characterization, and hydrotropic solubilization of paclitaxel. | Polyglycerol dendrimers (PGDs) with 4-5 generations were synthesized and used to investigate the effect of dendritic architecture and its generation on aqueous solubilization of paclitaxel (PTX), a poorly water-soluble drug. Chemical and physical properties of the PGDs were characterized by NMR, MALDI-TOF mass, GPC, vi... |
15546185 | Synthetic biocompatible cyclodextrin-based constructs for local gene delivery to improve cutaneous wound healing. | The localized, sustained delivery of growth factors for wound healing therapy is actively being explored by gene transfer to the wound site. Biocompatible matrices such as bovine collagen have demonstrated usefulness in sustaining gene therapy vectors that express growth factors in local sites for tissue repair. Here, ... |
15546669 | Protein secretion through autotransporter and two-partner pathways. | Two distinct protein secretion pathways, the autotransporter (AT) and the two-partner secretion (TPS) pathways are characterized by their apparent simplicity. Both are devoted to the translocation across the outer membrane of mostly large proteins or protein domains. As implied by their name, AT proteins contain their ... |
15546668 | Type IV secretion: the Agrobacterium VirB/D4 and related conjugation systems. | The translocation of DNA across biological membranes is an essential process for many living organisms. In bacteria, type IV secretion systems (T4SS) are used to deliver DNA as well as protein substrates from donor to target cells. The T4SS are structurally complex machines assembled from a dozen or more membrane prote... |
15552882 | [Role of immunological disorders in the pathophysiology of severe acute pancreatitis]. | Severe acute pancreatitis is a disease associated with high mortality, causes of which are multiple organ failure(MOF) in the early course and the development of bacterial infections in the later course. Inflammatory response leading to organ failure continues to be one of the major problem after acute pancreatitis. Th... |
15544408 | Layer-by-layer assembly of ordinary and composite coordination multilayers. | Coordination self-assembly of bishydroxamate-based metal-organic multilayers on gold employing a layer-by-layer (LbL) approach was investigated. It is shown that the solution chemistry of the participating metal ion has a marked influence on the composition and properties of the multilayers. Use of Ce4+ and particularl... |
15545988 | RIP-ed and ready to dance: new mechanisms for polycystin-1 signaling. | Polycystin-1, the protein encoded by the principal gene involved in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, has been implicated in extracellular sensing as well as in cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. However, the precise mechanisms involved in polycystin-1 signaling are not well defined. A report in this i... |
15542343 | Self-assembly and characterization of paclitaxel-loaded N-octyl-O-sulfate chitosan micellar system. | N-octyl-O-sulfate chitosan micellar system loaded paclitaxel was prepared by using dialysis method. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the modified chitosan was found to be 0.45 mg/ml. Compared with the amount of N-octyl-O-sulfate chitosan, the paclitaxel loading amount in the system was up to 25% (w/w), depen... |
15542309 | Gelation dynamics and gel structure of fibrinogen. | Gelation dynamics and gel structure of fibrinogen induced by serine protease, thrombin, was investigated by light scattering, real space observation using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and turbidity. Effects of additives, such as (linear) saccharides, glucose to dextran, and cyclodextrin, were studied focu... |
15538898 | Theoretical strategy to provide atomistic models of comblike polymers: a generation algorithm combined with configurational bias Monte Carlo. | A computational strategy to model the amorphous phase of comblike polymers is presented. The strategy, denoted SuSi/CB (CB-configurational bias), combines the strength of an algorithm recently developed to generate reliable microstructures of dense amorphous polymers, which is based on a random search of energy minima,... |
15537900 | Progesterone attenuates corticotropin-releasing factor-enhanced but not fear-potentiated startle via the activity of its neuroactive metabolite, allopregnanolone. | Intact female rats and ovariectomized (OVX) rats with different ovarian steroid replacement regimens were tested for changes in corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)-enhanced startle (increased acoustic startle amplitude after intracerebroventricular infusion of 1 mug of CRF). OVX rats injected with estradiol (E) follow... |
15537886 | Increased GABA release in the central amygdala of ethanol-dependent rats. | The central nucleus of amygdala (CeA) is important in regulating alcohol consumption and plays a major role in the anxiogenic response to ethanol withdrawal. We showed previously that acute ethanol augments GABA(A) receptor-mediated IPSPs and IPSCs, possibly by a presynaptic mechanism. Here, we have examined the intera... |
15529409 | Two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis reveals that lipid rafts are intact at physiological temperature. | Different proteins are found in lipid rafts depending on the isolation method. For example, insulin receptor was predominantly found in lipid raft fractions prepared from HepG2 cells with Brij 35, but were not present in lipid rafts isolated with Triton X-100. In order to assess the effect of detergent type and tempera... |
15535726 | Supramolecular polymer formation by metal-ligand complexation: Monte Carlo simulations and analytical modeling. | Equilibrium metal-ligand complexation leading to formation of linear or ringlike supramolecular polymers is studied by means of Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and theoretical analysis. We found that in most of the cases high-molecular-weight polymers are formed over a rather narrow composition range (near the 2:1 ligand-... |
15535724 | Site-isolation effects in a dendritic nickel catalyst for the oligomerization of ethylene. | Dendrimers, specifically suited to construct site-isolated groups due to their well-defined hyperbranched structure, have been used as a ligand design element for the construction of nickel catalysts for ethylene oligomerization. The dendritic P,O ligand indeed suppresses the formation of inactive bis(P,O)Ni complexes ... |
15535696 | Formation of a supramolecular hyperbranched polymer from self-organization of an AB2 monomer containing a crown ether and two paraquat moieties. | An AB2 monomer containing a bis(m-phenylene)-32-crown-10 and two paraquat moieties was designed and prepared. It self-organized to form a supramolecular hyperbranched polymer in solution. |
15535687 | Total synthesis of kendomycin: a macro-C-glycosidation approach. | Kendomycin, also known as (-)-TAN 2162, is a novel polyketide-derived ansamycin isolated from Streptomyces sp., which exhibits potent antagonist and agonist activities at the endothelin and calcitonin receptors, respectively. This bacterial metabolite also possesses a strong antibiotic activity against a range of gram-... |
15481026 | Self-assembly of human serum albumin (HSA) and L-alpha-dimyristoylphosphatidic acid (DMPA) microcapsules for controlled drug release. | Human serum albumin (HSA) and L-alpha-dimyristoylphosphatidic acid (DMPA) were applied as a pair to encapsulate ibuprofen microcrystals by means of a technique based on the layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of oppositely charged species, for the purpose of controlling drug release. The successful adsorption of HSA and DMPA... |
15472936 | Readily prepared metallo-supramolecular triple helicates designed to exhibit spin-crossover behaviour. | New dinuclear supramolecular cylinders have been designed to exhibit spin-crossover behaviour, a form of molecular bistability. This has been achieved within the framework of our imine-based approach to supramolecular architecture by switching from pyridylimine systems to imidazolimines. Spin-crossover behaviour is ach... |
15372582 | Nanoparticles: scaffolds for molecular recognition. | Monolayer and mixed-monolayer protected clusters (MPCs and MMPCs) have great potential to combine molecular functionality with the intrinsic properties of nanometer-sized scaffolds. This synergy can be used to create complex functional devices, including redox-active, electronic, or magnetic storage devices, solution-b... |
15477860 | Phase I clinical trial and pharmacokinetic evaluation of NK911, a micelle-encapsulated doxorubicin. | NK911 is a novel supramolecular nanocarrier designed for the enhanced delivery of doxorubicin (DXR) and is one of the successful polymer micelle systems to exhibit an efficient accumulation in solid tumours in mice. The purpose of this study was to define the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) and dose-limiting toxicities (D... |
15533673 | Separation of neutral dihydropyridines and their enantiomers using electrokinetic chromatography. | The separation and simultaneous enantiomeric separation of three neutral 1,4-dihydropyridine (DHP) derivatives (nimodipine, nisoldipine and nitrendipine) was studied using electrokinetic chromatography. Bile salts allowed the non-chiral separation of these DHP derivatives. With the taurine-conjugated bile salts a begin... |
15533050 | Inhibition of islet amyloid polypeptide fibril formation: a potential role for heteroaromatic interactions. | The formation of amyloid fibril is associated with major human diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, prion diseases, and type 2 diabetes. Methods for efficient inhibition of amyloid fibril formation are therefore highly clinically important. A principal approach for the inhibition of amyloid formation is based on th... |
15530370 | Large-scale structural changes accompany binding of lethal factor to anthrax protective antigen: a cryo-electron microscopic study. | Anthrax toxin (AT), secreted by Bacillus anthracis, is a three-protein cocktail of lethal factor (LF, 90 kDa), edema factor (EF, 89 kDa), and the protective antigen (PA, 83 kDa). Steps in anthrax toxicity involve (1) binding of ligand (EF/LF) to a heptamer of PA63 (PA63h) generated after N-terminal proteolytic cleavage... |
15530105 | Synthesis, structure, spectroscopic properties, and electrochemistry of (1,8,15,22-tetrasubstituted phthalocyaninato)lead complexes. | Three (1,8,15,22-tetrasubstituted phthalocyaninato)lead complexes Pb[Pc(alpha-OR)(4)] [H(2)Pc(alpha-OC(5)H(11))(4) = 1,8,15,22-tetrakis(3-pentyloxy)phthalocyanine; H(2)Pc(alpha-OC(7)H(15))(4) = 1,8,15,22-tetrakis(2,4-dimethyl-3-pentyloxy)phthalocyanine; H(2)Pc(alpha-OC(10)H(7))(4) = 1,8,15,22-tetrakis(2-naphthyloxy)pht... |
15530095 | Alkyl- and aryl-substituted corroles. 5. Synthesis, physicochemical properties, and X-ray structural characterization of copper biscorroles and porphyrin-corrole dyads. | The synthesis and characterization of cofacial copper biscorroles and porphyrin-corroles linked by a biphenylenyl or anthracenyl spacer are described. The investigated compounds are represented as (BCA)Cu(2) and (BCB)Cu(2) in the case of the biscorrole (BC) derivatives and (PCA)Cu(2) and (PCB)Cu(2) in the case of porph... |
15530093 | Molecular design of luminescence ion probes for various cations based on weak gold(I)...gold(I) interactions in dinuclear gold(I) complexes. | A series of luminescent dinuclear gold(I) complexes with different crown ether pendants, [Au(2)(PwedgeP)(S-B15C5)(2)] [S-B15C5 = 4'-mercaptobenzo-15-crown-5, P(wedge)P = bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)methane (dcpm) (1), bis(diphenylphosphino)methane (dppm) (2)] and [Au(2)(P(wedge)P)(S-B18C6)(2)] [S-B18C6 = 4'-mercaptobenzo... |
15530087 | Influence of anionic functions on the coordination and photophysical properties of lanthanide(III) complexes with tridentate bipyridines. | A series of four ligands based on a 5'-methyl-2,2'-bipyridyl framework substituted in the 6 position by a carboxylic acid, a phosphonic acid, a monoethyl ester phosphonic acid, or a diethyl ester phosphonic acid are described. The pK(a) values of all ligands and their assignments are determined by a combination of UV-v... |
15530080 | DOTP-manganese and -nickel complexes: from a tetrahedral network with 12-membered rings to an ionic phosphonate. | DOTP (1,4,7,10-tetrakis(methylenephosphonic acid)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane) was reacted hydrothermally with MnCl(2).2H(2)O and Ni(NO(3))(2).6H(2)O resulting in two structurally different compounds. Mn[C(3)NH(7)(PO(3)H(0.5))](4) crystallizes in the tetragonal space group P4/ncc, with a = 12.349(2) A, b = 12.349(2)... |
15530074 | Ditopic double pincer palladacycle catalyst for C-C coupling. | A ditopic palladacycle with SCS pincer coordination, L(PdCl)(2) (1), was isolated and structurally characterized and represents the first example of a transition metal complex with a polythioamide-based macrocycle. Preliminary studies of 1 in the catalytic coupling of 4-iodotoluene and styrene indicated it to be robust... |
15530443 | Direct observation of lipid bilayer disruption by poly(amidoamine) dendrimers. | Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is employed to observe the effect of poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers on 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) lipid bilayers. Aqueous solutions of generation 7 PAMAM dendrimers cause the formation of holes 15-40 nm in diameter in previously intact bilayers. This effect is ... |
15530067 | PAMAM-PEG-PAMAM: novel triblock copolymer as a biocompatible and efficient gene delivery carrier. | A novel triblock copolymer, PAMAM-block-PEG-block-PAMAM was synthesized and applied as a gene carrier. PAMAM dendrimer is proven to be an efficient gene carrier itself, but it is associated with certain problems such as low water solubility and considerable cytotoxicity. Therefore, we introduced PEG to engineer a nonto... |
15530041 | In vitro targeting of synthesized antibody-conjugated dendrimer nanoparticles. | This study reports the synthesis and in vitro biological properties of dendrimer-antibody conjugates. The polyamidoamine dendrimer platform was conjugated to fluorescein isothiocyanate as a means to analyze cell binding and internalization. Two different antibodies, 60bca and J591, which bind to CD14 and prostate-speci... |
15527308 | Synthesis of functional meso-aryl porphomonomethenes and porphodimethenes: application to the preparation of a chiral calix[4]phyrin dimer. | Reaction of 5,5-dimethyldipyrromethane (1) with electron-deficient aryl aldehydes in the presence of BF(3)-Et(2)O and NH(4)Cl in propionitrile constitutes efficient, easy access to unprecedented, functional porphomonomethenes together with the expected porphodimethenes (calix[4]phyrins). Alternatively, when the reactio... |
15527287 | Toward nanoamphiphiles: efficient synthesis of desymmetrized polyphenylene dendrimers. | A new synthetic approach for the desymmetrization of polyphenylene dendrimers (PPDs) is described. Tetrakis(4-ethynylphenyl)methane undergoes facile Diels-Alder cycloaddition with substoichiometric quantities of tetraphenylcyclopentadienones bearing one polar functional group. A single ethynyl group is thereby converte... |
15527266 | Tropiporphyrins, cycloheptatrienyl analogues of the porphyrins: synthesis, spectroscopy, chemistry, and structural characterization of a silver(III) derivative. | Tripyrranes were condensed with 1,3,5-cycloheptriene-1,6-dicarbaldehyde in TFA-CH(2)Cl(2) to give, following oxidation with 0.1% aqueous ferric chloride solutions, a series of tropiporphyrins 9. These cycloheptatrienyl analogues of the porphyrins show strong diatropic ring currents by proton NMR spectroscopy where the ... |
15527773 | Amyloid aggregates of the prion peptide PrP106-126 are destabilised by oxidation and by the action of dendrimers. | The prion protein (PrP) peptide 106-126 forms amyloid aggregates in vitro and this sequence is speculated to be involved in the formation of amyloid fibrils by the abnormally folded PrP protein (PrPSc) found in spongiform encephalopathies. It is shown here by incubation experiments in water using Thioflavin T (ThT) as ... |
15527766 | Segregation of Nogo66 receptors into lipid rafts in rat brain and inhibition of Nogo66 signaling by cholesterol depletion. | NogoA, a myelin-associated component, inhibits neurite outgrowth. Nogo66, a portion of NogoA, binds to Nogo66 receptor (NgR) and induces the inhibitory signaling. LINGO-1 and p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75), the low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor, are also required for NogoA signaling. However, signaling mechani... |
15527954 | Artificial life simulation of self-assembly in bacteriophage by movable finite automata. | This paper presents a model which is based on biological research using the movable finite automata (MFA) on a self-assembly of T4 phage, and exhibits the results of artificial life simulation. In the previous work, Thompson and Goel [Artificial Life, Addison Weley, 1989, pp. 317-340; Biosystems 18 (1985) 23; J. Theor.... |
15524481 | Use of N-N bond stereodynamics in ring-closing metathesis to form medium-sized rings and macrocycles. | A unique strategy based on double ring-closing metathesis for the formation of a 14-membered macrocyclic enamide has been developed. This strategy hinges upon the well-known stereodynamic and conformational behavior of N-substituted diacylhydrazines, which promotes an effective ring-closing metathesis of hydrazine-deri... |
15524462 | Sugars within a hydrophobic scaffold: glycodendrimers from polyphenylenes. | A new glycodendrimer type has been introduced that is designed on the basis of shape-persistent polyphenylene dendrimers. The sugar installation occurs not only on the dendrimer surface but also within the hydrophobic internal scaffold. The synthesis has been accomplished via both convergent and divergent routes by emp... |
15524438 | Mild and high-yielding syntheses of diethyl phosphoramidate-stoppered [2]rotaxanes. | The mild and efficient reaction between triethyl phosphite and benzylic azides allows us not only to construct rotaxanes in high yield from dibenzo[24]crown-8 (DB24C8) and dibenzylammonium (DBA(+))-derived threads but also to incorporate di(p-toluidine)[24]crown-8, which binds DBA(+) ions much more weakly than does DB2... |
15524434 | Counterion-induced translational isomerism in a bistable [2]rotaxane. | Translational isomerization can be induced by changing the anions associated with a bistable rotaxane in which the tetracationic cyclophane (blue box), cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene), encircles a dumbbell component containing bispyrrolotetrathiafulvalene (green) and a dioxynaphthalene (red) recognition sites. The rotax... |
15524433 | Synthesis and lectin binding ability of glycosamino acid-calixarenes exposing GlcNAc clusters. | Novel calix[4 or 8]arene-based glycoconjugates exposing terminal N-acetyl-D-glucosamine clusters have been synthesized using amino acid-calixarenes as building blocks. The obtained glycosamino acid-calixarenes 9b-14b have lectin-binding ability and amplified inhibitory effects on erythrocyte agglutination induced by wh... |
15525765 | Superparamagnetic iron oxide-labeled Schwann cells and olfactory ensheathing cells can be traced in vivo by magnetic resonance imaging and retain functional properties after transplantation into the CNS. | Schwann cell (SC) and olfactory ensheathing cell (OEC) transplantation has been shown experimentally to promote CNS axonal regeneration and remyelination. To advance this technique into a clinical setting it is important to be able to follow the fates of transplanted cells by noninvasive imaging. Previous studies, usin... |
15525227 | Molecular recognition of biowarfare agents using micromechanical sensors. | Recent terrorist events have demonstrated that an urgent and widespread need exists for the development of novel sensors for threat detection, especially biowarfare agents. The advent of inexpensive, mass-produced microcantilever sensors promises to bring about a revolution in detection of terrorist threats. Extremely ... |
15522514 | Analysis of C-3 epimerization in (24R)-24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 catalyzed by hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. | Studies on the C-3 epimerization in (24R)-24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) [24R,25(OH)(2)D(3)] were performed using hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (HSDs). 3-Epi-24R,25(OH)(2)D(3) was formed from 24R,25(OH)(2)D(3) by the catalysis of 3alpha- or beta-HSD. These HSDs also catalyzed the C-3 epimerization in 3-epi-24R,25(OH)(2)D(... |
15522422 | The first supramolecular orthovanadate receptor -- structural mimics of vanadium haloperoxidase. | Tris(2-guanidinium-ethyl)amine (1) was prepared as a supramolecular receptor of hydrogen orthovanadate (HVO(4)(2-)) to mimic the active site of vanadium haloperoxidase (V-HPO). Both (1)H and (51)V NMR titration indicated 1:1 complex (5) formation between (1) with HVO(4)(2-) with a binding constant of 1.1 x 10(3) M(-1).... |
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