id stringlengths 4 8 | title stringlengths 1 642 | abstract stringlengths 50 17.9k |
|---|---|---|
15518839 | A new epineural nerve repair technique with external metallic circle. | <h4>Background</h4>Despite the existence of various nerve coaptation techniques, functional results of nerve repair are still inadequate. Potential benefits of developing modified coaptation techniques cannot be disregarded.<h4>Methods</h4>The authors report a new coaptation technique in which the epineural sutures wer... |
15520467 | Alleviation of restriction by DNA condensation and non-specific DNA binding ligands. | During conditions of cell stress, the type I restriction and modification enzymes of bacteria show reduced, but not zero, levels of restriction of unmethylated foreign DNA. In such conditions, chemically identical unmethylated recognition sequences also occur on the chromosome of the host but restriction alleviation pr... |
15520465 | Cleavage of double-stranded RNA by RNase HI from a thermoacidophilic archaeon, Sulfolobus tokodaii 7. | ST0753, the orthologous gene of Type 1 RNase H found in a thermoacidophilic archaeon, Sulfolobus tokodaii, was analyzed. The recombinant ST0753 protein exhibited RNase H activity in both in vivo and in vitro assays. The protein expressed in an RNase H-deficient mutant Escherichia coli strain functioned to suppress the ... |
15479844 | Hepatitis C virus core protein associates with detergent-resistant membranes distinct from classical plasma membrane rafts. | A subpopulation of hepatitis C virus (HCV) core protein in cells harboring full-length HCV replicons is biochemically associated with detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs) in a manner similar to that of markers of classical lipid rafts. Core protein does not, however, colocalize in immunofluorescence studies with classi... |
15479818 | Membrane binding properties and terminal residues of the mature hepatitis C virus capsid protein in insect cells. | The immature core protein (p23, residues 1 to 191) of hepatitis C virus undergoes posttranslational modifications including intramembranous proteolysis within its C-terminal signal sequence by signal peptide peptidase to generate the mature form (p21). In this study, we analyzed the cleavage site and other amino acid m... |
15479804 | Measles virus phosphoprotein gene products: conformational flexibility of the P/V protein amino-terminal domain and C protein infectivity factor function. | The measles virus (MV) P gene codes for three proteins: P, an essential polymerase cofactor, and V and C, which have multiple functions but are not strictly required for viral propagation in cultured cells. V shares the amino-terminal domain with P but has a zinc-binding carboxyl-terminal domain, whereas C is translate... |
15479799 | Infection of vero cells by BK virus is dependent on caveolae. | Polyomavirus-associated nephropathy occurs in approximately 5% of renal transplant recipients and results in loss of graft function in 50 to 70% of these patients. The disease is caused by reactivation of the common human polyomavirus BK (BKV) in the transplanted kidney. The early events in productive BKV infection are... |
15479797 | Evaluation of the functional involvement of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase in nuclear import of viral cDNA during acute infection. | Nuclear import of viral cDNA is a critical step for establishing the proviral state of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The contribution of HIV-1 integrase (IN) to the nuclear import of viral cDNA is controversial, partly due to a lack of identification of its bona fide nuclear localization signal. In this ... |
15380345 | Improved access to CD20 following B cell receptor cross-linking at Burkitt's lymphoma cell surfaces. | Here we report that B cell receptor (BCR) engagement rapidly improves the capacity of CD20 to be accessed by cognate antibody at model Burkitt's lymphoma cell surfaces. None of eight other surface molecules demonstrated such BCR-dependent enhancement of ligand binding while the quantity of accessible CD20 remained unch... |
15516525 | Cholesterol depletion suppresses the translational diffusion of class II major histocompatibility complex proteins in the plasma membrane. | Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked and native major histocompatibility complex class II I-E(k) were used as probes to determine the effect of varying cholesterol concentration on the mobility of proteins in the plasma membrane. These proteins were imaged in Chinese hamster ovary cells using single-molecule fluor... |
15568070 | Enzymatic preparation of biotinylated naturally-occurring sialylglycan and its molecular recognition on a quartz-crystal microbalance. | A biotinylated sialylglycan was prepared enzymatically by endo-M, and binding behavior of an SSA lectin was studied on a different coverage of a sialylglycan-immobilized 27 MHz quartz-crystal microbalance (QCM). |
15516342 | Engaged and bystander T cell receptors are down-modulated by different endocytotic pathways. | T cell antigen receptor (TCR) engagement by stimulatory antibodies or its major histocompatibility complex-antigen ligand results in its down-modulation from the cell surface, a phenomenon that is thought to play a role in T cell desensitization. However, TCR engagement results in the down-modulation not only of the en... |
15525213 | Multiscale modeling of the surfactant mediated synthesis and supramolecular assembly of cobalt nanodots. | Multiscale simulations are used to bridge the surfactant templated assembly of individual approximately 1-10 nm cobalt dots, to their ordering into supramolecular arrays. Potential energy surfaces derived from ab initio calculations are input to lattice Monte Carlo simulations at atomic scales. By this process we quant... |
15509654 | Genetic and environmental factors influencing glutathione homeostasis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. | Glutathione is an essential metabolite protecting cells against oxidative stress and aging. Here, we show that endogenously synthesized glutathione undergoes intercellular cycling during growth to stationary phase. Genome-wide screening identified approximately 270 yeast deletion mutants that overexcrete glutathione, p... |
15543261 | Electrostatic interactions by design. Versatile methodology towards multifunctional assemblies/nanostructured electrodes. | This Feature Article describes how multi-site interactions between positively or negatively charged carbon forms, such as fullerenes and single wall carbon nanotubes, and porphyrinic chromophores have been utilized en route towards novel multifunctional and nanostructured materials. Specifically, we discuss (i) the beh... |
15599430 | Boron-nitrogen macrocycles: a new generation of calix[3]arenes. | The simple condensation reaction of 3,5-di-tert-butyl salicylaldehyde and 3-aminophenylboronic acid leads to a trimeric macrocyclic compound. The ability of this molecule to include small organic molecules was in a first approximation analyzed by (1)H NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. |
15599429 | Controlled assembly of luminescent racks based on heteroleptic dinuclear lanthanide complexes. | Luminescent lanthanide racks are formed in solution through supramolecular assembly of lanthanide ions with a rigid bis-didentate sensitiser ligand and octadentate aminopolycarboxylate ligands. |
15507683 | Reversibly switchable DNA nanocompartment on surfaces. | Biological macromolecules have been used to fabricate many nanostructures, biodevices and biomimetics because of their physical and chemical properties. But dynamic nanostructure and biomachinery that depend on collective behavior of biomolecules have not been demonstrated. Here, we report the design of DNA nanocompart... |
15505220 | Self/nonself recognition in ascidian fertilization: vitelline coat protein HrVC70 is a candidate allorecognition molecule. | Ascidians are hermaphrodites releasing sperm and eggs simultaneously, but many species are self-sterile because of a self/nonself-recognition system in spermegg interaction. Here, we show that a 70-kDa vitelline coat protein, HrVC70, consisting of 12 epidermal growth factor-like repeats, plays a key role in self/nonsel... |
15502822 | Mapping the dynamic organization of the nuclear pore complex inside single living cells. | Most cellular activities are executed by multi-protein complexes that form the basic functional modules of their molecular machinery. Proteomic approaches can provide an evermore detailed picture of their composition, but do not reveal how these machines are organized dynamically to accomplish their biological function... |
15501940 | The high-resolution architecture and structural dynamics of Bacillus spores. | The capability to image single microbial cell surfaces at nanometer scale under native conditions would profoundly impact mechanistic and structural studies of pathogenesis, immunobiology, environmental resistance, and biotransformation. Here, using in vitro atomic force microscopy, we have directly visualized high-res... |
15501938 | Frequency encoding of T-cell receptor engagement dynamics in calcium time series. | The sustained increase of the cytosolic calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) plays a central role in T-cell receptor (TCR)-mediated T-cell activation. Previous experiments using a [Ca2+]i clamp technique have demonstrated that specificity is encoded by the [Ca2+]i oscillation frequency since cytokine transcription factors a... |
15565239 | Structural scaffold of 18-crown-6 tetracarboxylic acid for optical resolution of chiral amino acid: X-ray crystal analyses and energy calculations of complexes of D- and L-isomers of tyrosine, isoleucine, methionine and phenylglycine. | To clarify the structural scaffold of (+)-18-crown-6 tetracarboxylic acid ((+)-18C6H4) for the optical resolution of a chiral amino acid, the crystal structures of its equimolar complexes with L- and D-isomers of tyrosine (Tyr), isoleucine (Ile), methionine (Met) and phenylglycine (PheG) were analysed by X-ray diffract... |
15528809 | [4-Bromo-2-[2-(5-bromo-2-oxidobenzylideneaminomethyl)phenyliminomethyl]phenolato-kappa4O,N,N',O']nickel(II). | In the title complex, [Ni(C(21)H(14)Br(2)N(2)O(2))], the Ni(II) atom is coordinated by the two imine N and two phenolate O atoms of the Schiff base ligand in a tetrahedrally distorted square-planar geometry. The Ni-N and Ni-O distances are within the ranges expected for Ni-Schiff base derivatives. Intermolecular C-H...... |
15528807 | Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane-1,4-diium dichromate. | The title compound, (C(6)H(14)N(2))[Cr(2)O(7)], consists of a diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane-1,4-diium cation and a discrete dichromate anion, which are linked in the crystal by N-H...O hydrogen bonds. The cation is ordered and distorted, owing to the confinement and twist of the hydrogen bonds involved. Two CrO(4) tetrahed... |
15723260 | Interactions of carboxypeptidase G2 with 6S-leucovorin and 6R-leucovorin in vitro: implications for the application in case of methotrexate intoxications. | Carboxypeptidase G2 (CPG2) is used when unexpected toxicity or renal failure occurs during high-dose methotrexate therapy. Leucovorin is also administered to antagonise the effects of methotrexate on purine anabolism. To investigate the effects of CPG2 on leucovorin rescue, we incubated the enzyme with both stereoisome... |
15499046 | Acyl-coenzymeA (CoA):cholesterol acyltransferase inhibition in rat and human aortic smooth muscle cells is nontoxic and retards foam cell formation. | <h4>Objective</h4>Studies in vitro and in vivo of macrophage foam cells have shown evidence of cytotoxicity after acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibition. Foam cells of smooth muscle origin are also found in human and animal atherosclerotic lesions.<h4>Methods and results</h4>To study whether cytotoxicit... |
15498104 | Weight loss dynamics during combined fluoxetine and olanzapine treatment. | <h4>Background</h4>Fluoxetine and olanzapine combination therapy is rapidly becoming an effective strategy for managing symptoms of treatment-resistant depression. Determining drug-drug interactions, drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics is of particular interest for revealing potential liabilities associated with drug ... |
15499025 | Caveolae localize protein kinase A signaling to arterial ATP-sensitive potassium channels. | Arterial ATP-sensitive K+ (K(ATP)) channels are critical regulators of vascular tone, forming a focal point for signaling by many vasoactive transmitters that alter smooth muscle contractility and so blood flow. Clinically, these channels form the target of antianginal and antihypertensive drugs, and their genetic disr... |
15496985 | Evolving nature of the AP2 alpha-appendage hub during clathrin-coated vesicle endocytosis. | Clathrin-mediated endocytosis involves the assembly of a network of proteins that select cargo, modify membrane shape and drive invagination, vesicle scission and uncoating. This network is initially assembled around adaptor protein (AP) appendage domains, which are protein interaction hubs. Using crystallography, we s... |
15498870 | Conserved residues in the Plasmodium vivax Duffy-binding protein ligand domain are critical for erythrocyte receptor recognition. | Malaria merozoite invasion of human erythrocytes depends on recognition of specific erythrocyte surface receptors by parasite ligands. Plasmodium vivax merozoite invasion is totally dependent on the recognition of the Duffy blood group antigen by the parasite ligand Duffy-binding protein (DBP). Receptor recognition by ... |
15498867 | A systematic method for identifying small-molecule modulators of protein-protein interactions. | Discovering small-molecule modulators of protein-protein interactions is a challenging task because of both the generally noncontiguous, large protein surfaces that form these interfaces and the shortage of high-throughput approaches capable of identifying such rare inhibitors. We describe here a robust and flexible me... |
15498923 | Subcellular localization as a limiting factor for utilization of decoy oligonucleotides. | Transfection of cells with short double-stranded synthetic DNA molecules that contain a transcription factor binding site, known as decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs), has been proposed as a novel approach in vitro and in vivo for the study of gene regulation and for gene therapy. Once delivered into cells, decoy ODNs ... |
15496450 | Linking the "two-hit" response following injury to enhanced TLR4 reactivity. | Severe injury can initiate an exaggerated systemic inflammatory response and multiple organ failure (MOF) if a subsequent immune stimulus, "second hit", occurs. Using a mouse thermal injury model, we tested whether changes in innate immune cell reactivity following injury can contribute to the development of heightened... |
15496504 | Estrogen receptor activation of phosphoinositide-3 kinase, akt, and nitric oxide signaling in cerebral blood vessels: rapid and long-term effects. | Estrogen receptor regulation of nitric oxide production by vascular endothelium may involve rapid, membrane-initiated signaling pathways in addition to classic genomic mechanisms. In this study, we demonstrate using intact cerebral blood vessels that 17beta-estradiol rapidly activates endothelial nitric-oxide synthase ... |
15496455 | FAT/CD36-mediated long-chain fatty acid uptake in adipocytes requires plasma membrane rafts. | We previously reported that lipid rafts are involved in long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The present data show that LCFA uptake does not depend on caveolae endocytosis because expression of a dominant negative mutant of dynamin had no effect on uptake of [3H]oleic acid, whereas it effectively p... |
15496453 | Mammalian protein SCP1 forms synaptonemal complex-like structures in the absence of meiotic chromosomes. | Synaptonemal complexes (SCs) are evolutionary conserved, meiosis-specific structures that play a central role in synapsis of homologous chromosomes, chiasmata distribution, and chromosome segregation. However, it is still for the most part unclear how SCs do assemble during meiotic prophase. Major components of mammali... |
15517106 | Effects of whole-body 50-Hz magnetic field exposure on mouse Leydig cells. | The main goal of this study was to evaluate the possible effect of whole-body magnetic field (MF) exposure on the steroidogenic capacity of Leydig cells in vitro. In four separate experiments, male CFLP mice were exposed to sinusoidal 50-Hz, 100-microT MF. The duration of exposure was 23.5 h/day over a period of 14 day... |
15517105 | Alteration of tight and adherens junctions on 50-Hz magnetic field exposure in Madin Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. | Adherens (AJ) and tight junctions (TJ), as integrated parts of the junctional complex, are multifunctional specialized regions of the cell membrane in epithelial cells. They are responsible for cell-to-cell interactions and also have great importance in cellular signaling processes including Wnt protein-mediated signal... |
15494406 | Direct measurement of the thermodynamic parameters of amyloid formation by isothermal titration calorimetry. | Amyloid fibril deposition is associated with over 20 degenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and prion diseases. Although research over the last few years has revealed the morphology and structural features of the amyloid form, knowledge about the thermodynamics of amyloid formation is limited. Here,... |
15492777 | Dictyostelium myosin bipolar thick filament formation: importance of charge and specific domains of the myosin rod. | Myosin-II thick filament formation in Dictyostelium is an excellent system for investigating the phenomenon of self-assembly, as the myosin molecule itself contains all the information required to form a structure of defined size. Phosphorylation of only three threonine residues can dramatically change the assembly sta... |
15494071 | Modeling of cell signaling pathways in macrophages by semantic networks. | <h4>Background</h4>Substantial amounts of data on cell signaling, metabolic, gene regulatory and other biological pathways have been accumulated in literature and electronic databases. Conventionally, this information is stored in the form of pathway diagrams and can be characterized as highly "compartmental" (i.e. ind... |
15492017 | Lipopolysaccharide fever is initiated via a capsaicin-sensitive mechanism independent of the subtype-1 vanilloid receptor. | As pretreatment with intraperitoneal capsaicin (8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide, CAP), an agonist of the vanilloid receptor known as VR1 or transient receptor potential channel-vanilloid receptor subtype 1 (TRPV-1), has been shown to block the first phase of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) fever in rats, this phase is though... |
15570391 | Poly(amidoamine) dendrimer peripherally modified with 4-N,N-dimethylaminoethyleneamino-1,8-naphthalimide as a sensor of metal cations and protons. | A new poly(amidoamine) dendrimer from second generation whose periphery comprises sixteen fluorescent 4-N,N-dimethylaminoethylamino-1,8-naphthalimide units has been synthesized and characterized. In DMF, the dendrimer shows sensitivity to the presence of Cu(2+), Fe(3+) and protons. The changes in the fluorescence inten... |
15568096 | Enhanced fluorescence quenching in receptor-containing conjugated polymers: a calix[4]arene-containing poly(phenylene ethynylene). | A fluorescent poly(phenylene ethynylene) containing calix[4]arene-based receptor units has a sensitivity to quenching by the N-methylquinolinium ion that is over three times larger than that seen in a control polymer lacking calix[4]arenes. |
15540125 | Host-guest assembly of ligand systems for metal ion complexation. Synergistic solvent extraction of copper(II) and silver(I) by 1,4,8,11-tetrabenzyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclodecane in combination with carboxylic acids. | Host-guest formation between 1,4,8,11-tetrabenzyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclodecane (1) and lipophilic organic carboxylic acids in chloroform has been investigated and the effect of such ligand assembly on the solvent extraction of copper(II) and silver(I) has been probed. NMR titration experiments in the absence of a metal... |
15492229 | Fusogenic supramolecular vesicle systems induced by metal ion binding to amphiphilic ligands. | The incorporation of lipophilic ligands into the bilayer membrane of vesicles offers the possibility to induce, upon binding of suitable metal ions, a variety of processes, in particular vesicle aggregation and fusion and generation of vesicle arrays, under the control of specific metal-ligand recognition events. Synth... |
15492226 | TIFA activates IkappaB kinase (IKK) by promoting oligomerization and ubiquitination of TRAF6. | TRAF6 (tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6) is a RING (really interesting new gene) domain ubiquitin (Ub) ligase that mediates the activation of protein kinases, such as transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase (TAK1) and IkappaB kinase (IKK), by catalyzing the formation of a unique polyubiquitin... |
15492210 | Triggered amplification by hybridization chain reaction. | We introduce the concept of hybridization chain reaction (HCR), in which stable DNA monomers assemble only upon exposure to a target DNA fragment. In the simplest version of this process, two stable species of DNA hairpins coexist in solution until the introduction of initiator strands triggers a cascade of hybridizati... |
15760094 | Anionic liposomal delivery system for DNA transfection. | The present study investigates the use of novel anionic lipoplexes composed of physiological components for plasmid DNA delivery into mammalian cells in vitro. Liposomes were prepared from mixtures of endogenously occurring anionic and zwitterionic lipids, 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-[phospho-rac-(1-glycerol)] (sodium sa... |
15489305 | Extended, relaxed, and condensed conformations of hyaluronan observed by atomic force microscopy. | The conformation of the polysaccharide hyaluronan (HA) has been investigated by tapping mode atomic force microscopy in air. HA deposited on a prehydrated mica surface favored an extended conformation, attributed to molecular combing and inhibition of subsequent chain recoil by adhesion to the structured water layer co... |
15489299 | Thermally induced fibrillar aggregation of hen egg white lysozyme. | We study the effect of pH and temperature on fibril formation from hen egg white lysozyme. Fibril formation is promoted by low pH and temperatures close to the midpoint temperature for protein unfolding (detected using far-ultraviolet circular dichroism). At the optimal conditions for fibril formation (pH 2.0, T = 57 d... |
15489298 | Shape transitions and lattice structuring of ceramide-enriched domains generated by sphingomyelinase in lipid monolayers. | Sphingomyelinases (SMases) hydrolyze the membrane constituent sphingomyelin (SM) to phosphocholine and ceramide (Cer). Growing evidence supports that SMase-induced SM-->Cer conversion leads to the formation of lateral Cer-enriched domains which drive structural reorganization in lipid membranes. We previously provided ... |
15489297 | Structural characterization of cationic liposomes loaded with sugar-based carboranes. | In this article we report the physicochemical characterization of cationic liposomes loaded with orthocarborane and two of its sugar-containing derivatives. Carboranes are efficient boron delivery agents in boron neutron capture therapy, an anti-cancer treatment based on neutron absorption by 10B nuclei. Cationic lipos... |
15568091 | A (H2O)4/crown ether network spanned between organometallic complex metal fragments. | [Mo(eta3)-C3H5)(CO)2(bipy*)Cl] undergoes trigonal twist rearrangements in solution, so that three isomers are coexisting. It was used as a starting material leading to a dinuclear complex containing a hydrogen-bonded network of H(2)O and crown-ether molecules between two Mo(eta3-C3H5)(CO)2(bipy*) moieties. |
15534710 | Differentially-protected steroidal triamines; scaffolds with potential for medicinal, supramolecular, and combinatorial chemistry. | Cholic acid 2a has been converted into two new orthogonally-protected triamino scaffolds, 13 and 14. The synthesis proceeds via the bis-Boc-NH-substituted azide 10, for which an improved preparation is described. After removal of the Boc groups, the two axial amines are differentiated through a novel monoprotection emp... |
15568060 | Formation of dimers of inclusion cryptand/paraquat complexes driven by dipole-dipole and face-to-face pi-stacking interactions. | Dimers of inclusion complexes were formed from a new cryptand and viologens (paraquats) driven by dipole-dipole and face-to-face pi-stacking interactions as shown by mass spectrometric characterization and X-ray analysis. |
15483624 | Latrophilin fragments behave as independent proteins that associate and signal on binding of LTX(N4C). | Heptahelical, or G-protein-coupled, receptors control many cellular functions and normally consist of one polypeptide chain. In contrast, heptahelical receptors that belong to the long N-terminus, group B (LNB) family are cleaved constitutively into two fragments. The N-terminal fragments (NTFs) resemble cell-adhesion ... |
15486255 | Hysteretic adsorption and desorption of hydrogen by nanoporous metal-organic frameworks. | Adsorption and desorption of hydrogen from nanoporous materials, such as activated carbon, is usually fully reversible. We have prepared nanoporous metal-organic framework materials with flexible linkers in which the pore openings, as characterized in the static structures, appear to be too small to allow H2 to pass. W... |
15486087 | Origin of icosahedral symmetry in viruses. | With few exceptions, the shells (capsids) of sphere-like viruses have the symmetry of an icosahedron and are composed of coat proteins (subunits) assembled in special motifs, the T-number structures. Although the synthesis of artificial protein cages is a rapidly developing area of materials science, the design criteri... |
15486100 | A novel molecular recognition motif necessary for targeting photoactivated phytochrome signaling to specific basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors. | The phytochrome (phy) family of sensory photoreceptors (phyA to phyE) in Arabidopsis thaliana control plant developmental transitions in response to informational light signals throughout the life cycle. The photoactivated conformer of the photoreceptor Pfr has been shown to translocate into the nucleus where it induce... |
15486092 | De novo design of defined helical bundles in membrane environments. | Control of structure and function in membrane proteins remains a formidable challenge. We report here a new design paradigm for the self-assembly of protein components in the context of nonpolar environments of biological membranes. An incrementally staged assembly process relying on the unique properties of fluorinate... |
15505705 | The ins and outs of molecular encapsulation. | Molecular capsules can act as hosts for appropriate guests, and bring them into well-defined nanoenvironments. Various spectroscopic methods have been used to deduce the mechanism of guest exchange in such systems. Generally, the guests get in and out of capsules through the opening and closing of host "flaps" but smal... |
15479765 | Shape control through molecular segregation in giant surfactant aggregates. | Mixtures of cationic and anionic surfactants crystallized at various ratios in the absence of added salt form micrometer-sized colloids. Here, we propose and test a general mechanism explaining how this ratio controls the shape of the resulting colloidal structure, which can vary from nanodiscs to punctured planes; dur... |
15479781 | Substrate recognition and catalysis by the Holliday junction resolving enzyme Hje. | Two archaeal Holliday junction resolving enzymes, Holliday junction cleavage (Hjc) and Holliday junction endonuclease (Hje), have been characterized. Both are members of a nuclease superfamily that includes the type II restriction enzymes, although their DNA cleaving activity is highly specific for four-way junction st... |
15568076 | Supramolecular control of complexation-induced fluorescence change of water-soluble, beta-cyclodextrin-modified CdS quantum dots. | The fluorescence of beta-cyclodextrin-modified CdS quantum dots can be reversibly tuned by introducing different substrates in aqueous media. |
15477603 | Crystal structure of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase: insights into the mechanism of catalysis by a key enzyme for glutathione homeostasis. | Gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (gammaGCS), a rate-limiting enzyme in glutathione biosynthesis, plays a central role in glutathione homeostasis and is a target for development of potential therapeutic agents against parasites and cancer. We have determined the crystal structures of Escherichia coli gammaGCS unligande... |
15477598 | IL-15/IL-15Ralpha-mediated avidity maturation of memory CD8+ T cells. | T cell avidity is critical to viral clearance, but mechanisms of CD8(+) T cell avidity maturation are poorly understood. Here, we find that IL-15 mediates two mechanisms of avidity maturation. (i) By selection at the population level, IL-15 promotes greater survival of high- compared with low-avidity cytotoxic T lympho... |
15477347 | ADAP-SLP-76 binding differentially regulates supramolecular activation cluster (SMAC) formation relative to T cell-APC conjugation. | T cell-APC conjugation as mediated by leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1)-intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 binding is followed by formation of the supramolecular activation cluster (SMAC) at the immunological synapse. The intracellular processes that regulate SMAC formation and its influence on T ce... |
16508085 | Crystallization of the glycogen-binding domain of the AMP-activated protein kinase beta subunit and preliminary X-ray analysis. | AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an intracellular energy sensor that regulates metabolism in response to energy demand and supply by adjusting the ATP-generating and ATP-consuming pathways. AMPK potentially plays a critical role in diabetes and obesity as it is known to be activated by metforin and rosiglitazone,... |
15475583 | A rapid fluorescence assay for FtsZ assembly indicates cooperative assembly with a dimer nucleus. | FtsZ is the major cytoskeletal protein operating in bacterial cell division. FtsZ assembles into protofilaments in vitro, and there has been some controversy over whether the assembly is isodesmic or cooperative. Assembly has been assayed previously by sedimentation and light scattering. However, these techniques will ... |
15475582 | Plasticity of influenza haemagglutinin fusion peptides and their interaction with lipid bilayers. | A detailed molecular dynamics study of the haemagglutinin fusion peptide (N-terminal 20 residues of the HA2 subunits) in a model bilayer has yielded useful information about the molecular interactions leading to insertion into the lipids. Simulations were performed on the native sequence, as well as a number of mutant ... |
15568067 | Coordination polymers with macrocyclic cages and pockets within their backbones. | The reaction between the flexible ligand (1,4-bis(pyridine-2-yl-methanethio)benzene) and Ag+ produces two novel coordination polymers with macrocyclic cages or pockets contained within their backbones, depending upon the ratio of starting materials. |
15568055 | Novel 36-membered dodecanuclear manganese metalladiazamacrocycle. | A novel dodecanuclear manganese metalladiazamacrocycle was synthesized employing a new pentadentate ligand N-2-pentenoylsalicylhydrazide (H(3)tpeshz) by supramolecular self-assembly. The backbone of this metal-organic assembly is a repeating unit of an M-N-N-M linkage that extends to complete a 36-membered cyclic struc... |
15510298 | Macrocyclic ligand design. Structure-function relationships involving the interaction of pyridinyl-containing, oxygen-nitrogen donor macrocycles with selected transition and post transition metal ions on progressive N-benzylation of their secondary amines. | Structure-function relationships underlying the interaction of progressively N-benzylated N(4)O(2)-donor macrocycles with cobalt(II), nickel(II), copper(II), zinc(II), cadmium(II), silver(I) and lead(II) have been probed using a range of techniques that include X-ray diffraction, DFT computations, solvent extraction, p... |
15652249 | Membrane protein crystallization in amphiphile phases: practical and theoretical considerations. | Integral membrane proteins are amphiphilic molecules. In order to enable chromatographic purification and crystallization, a complementary amphiphilic microenvironment must be created and maintained. Various types of amphiphilic phases have been employed in crystallizations and intricate amphiphilic microenvironmental ... |
15455184 | Diffusion systems for evaluation of biomineralization. | A variety of in vitro study methods have been used to elucidate the roles of matrix molecules in biomineralization processes. Among these, gel diffusion-precipitation studies have proved to be an effective tool. This methodology is uniquely capable of characterizing the effects of matrix molecules on mineralization whi... |
15471987 | Visualization of a functionally enhanced GFP-tagged galanin R2 receptor in PC12 cells: constitutive and ligand-induced internalization. | Trafficking of the galanin R2 receptor (GALR2) fused with enhanced GFP (EGFP) was studied by using confocal fluorescence microscopy. The fusion protein was predominantly localized on the plasma membrane with some intracellular fluorescent structures (vesicles), mainly in the perinuclear region. Incubation with galanin ... |
15469985 | Enlargeosome, an exocytic vesicle resistant to nonionic detergents, undergoes endocytosis via a nonacidic route. | Enlargeosomes, a new type of widely expressed cytoplasmic vesicles, undergo tetanus toxin-insensitive exocytosis in response to cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) rises. Cell biology of enlargeosomes is still largely unknown. By combining immunocytochemistry (marker desmoyokin-Ahnak, d/A) to capacitance elect... |
15469981 | Direct visualization of microtubule flux during metaphase and anaphase in crane-fly spermatocytes. | Microtubule flux in spindles of insect spermatocytes, long-used models for studies on chromosome behavior during meiosis, was revealed after iontophoretic microinjection of rhodamine-conjugated (rh)-tubulin and fluorescent speckle microscopy. In time-lapse movies of crane-fly spermtocytes, fluorescent speckles generate... |
15502872 | X chromosome sites autonomously recruit the dosage compensation complex in Drosophila males. | It has been proposed that dosage compensation in Drosophila males occurs by binding of two core proteins, MSL-1 and MSL-2, to a set of 35-40 X chromosome "entry sites" that serve to nucleate mature complexes, termed compensasomes, which then spread to neighboring sequences to double expression of most X-linked genes. H... |
15524945 | Shape selection in chiral self-assembly. | Many biological and synthetic materials self-assemble into helical or twisted aggregates. The shape is determined by a complex interplay between elastic forces and the orientation and chirality of the constituent molecules. We study this interplay through Monte Carlo simulations, with an accelerated algorithm motivated... |
15505723 | Calix[4]arene methylenebisphosphonic acids as calf intestine alkaline phosphatase inhibitors. | Calix[4]arenes bearing one or two methylenebisphosphonic acid fragments were prepared via addition of diethylphosphite to the parent calix[4]arene aldehydes. The resulting compounds displayed stronger inhibition of calf intestine alkaline phosphatase than simple methylenebisphosphonic or 4-hydroxyphenyl methylenebispho... |
15466450 | The 5-HT4 receptor agonist, tegaserod, is a potent 5-HT2B receptor antagonist in vitro and in vivo. | 1 Tegaserod (Zelnorm) is a potent 5-hydroxytryptamine4 (5-HT4) receptor agonist with clinical efficacy in disorders associated with reduced gastrointestinal motility and transit. The present study investigated the interaction of tegaserod with 5-HT2 receptors, and compared its potency in this respect to its 5-HT4 recep... |
15466445 | Macroscopic, microscopic and biochemical characterisation of spontaneous colitis in a transgenic mouse, deficient in the multiple drug resistance 1a gene. | 1 A novel animal model of spontaneous colonic inflammation, the multiple drug-resistant (mdr1) a(-/-) mouse, was identified by Panwala and colleagues in 1998. The aim of our study was to further characterise this model, specifically by measuring cytokines that have been implicated in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (I... |
15505711 | Preferred dimerization of tetra-tolyl- and tetra-tosylurea derivatives of flexible and rigidified calix[4]arenes. | The dimerization of tetratolyl- and tetratosyl-urea derivatives 1 and 2, derived from a tetrapentoxy calix[4]arene in the cone conformation and of the corresponding tetra-urea derivatives 3 and 4, in which the cone conformation is rigidified by the two crown-3 tethers, have been studied. All six possible equimolar mixt... |
15466708 | Dynamical transition and proteinquake in photoactive yellow protein. | Conformational dynamics in protein functioning covers a wide range of time scales from nanosecond fluctuations around a conformation to the large-amplitude conformational changes of milliseconds or longer. We illustrate a picture of cooperative coupling among such motions of different time scales in a model protein, ph... |
15580499 | Spontaneous T-cell responses against peptides derived from the Taxol resistance-associated gene-3 (TRAG-3) protein in cancer patients. | Expression of the cancer-testis antigen Taxol resistance-associated gene-3 (TRAG-3) protein is associated with acquired paclitaxel (Taxol) resistance, and is expressed in various cancer types; e.g., breast cancer, leukemia, and melanoma. Thus, TRAG-3 represents an attractive target for immunotherapy of cancer. To ident... |
28937767 | Inverse Opal Nanocrystal Superlattice Films. | We describe the single-step self-organization of nanocrystal superlattice films infused with spatially ordered arrays of micrometer-size pores. In a humid atmosphere, water droplets condense on the surface of evaporating thin-film solutions of nanocrystals. Nanocrystals coated with the appropriate ligands stabilize the... |
20704967 | A fisherman's tale: Phage display as a discovery tool. | Extract: Genome sequencing efforts have produced a wealth of information that remains to be exploited at the protein level. A major area of drug discovery involves the identification of novel peptide ligands which could provide leads for the development of new drugs that mimic the structure and function of proteins. Th... |
17216099 | Nerves and sensations from the eye surface. | Because vision plays a critical role in obtaining information from the external world, evolutionary development has provided the structures that sustain this function with special protection against injury. Thus, the cornea possesses the richest sensory innervation of the body to detect noxious stimuli. The trigeminal ... |
16305397 | Role of cyclodextrins in ophthalmics. | Cyclodextrins are oligosaccharides having outer hydrophilic surface and central hydrophobic cavity. These agents form inclusion complexes with poorly water-soluble drugs; hence they show an important implication for use in ophthalmics because of their applications in solubilising and stabilising the ocular drugs. Most ... |
15522570 | Varicella-zoster virus pneumonia in adults: report of 14 cases and review of the literature. | BACKGROUND: The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the clinical, laboratory, and radiological features of all adult patients with varicella-zoster virus pneumonia (VZVP) treated in our departments during the last 5 years. Important therapeutic and evolutionary features are also reported. METHODS: Fourteen... |
15472720 | Peptide substrate identification for yeast Hsp40 Ydj1 by screening the phage display library. | We have identified a peptide substrate for molecular chaperone Hsp40 Ydj1 by utilizing the combination of phage display library screening and isothemol titration calirimetry (ITC). The initial peptide substrate screening for Hsp40 Ydj1 has been carried out by utilizing a 7-mer phage display library. The peptide sequenc... |
15810436 | Description of Thermococcus kodakaraensis sp. nov., a well studied hyperthermophilic archaeon previously reported as Pyrococcus sp. KOD1. | A hyperthermophilic archaeal strain, KOD1, isolated from a solfatara on Kodakara Island, Japan, has previously been reported as Pyrococcus sp. KOD1. However, a detailed phylogenetic tree, made possible by the recent accumulation of 16S rRNA sequences of various species in the order Thermococcales, indicated that strain... |
15756955 | [Abdominal compartment syndrome: patophysiologic and clinic remarks]. | The abdominal compartment syndrome is a high grade abdominal hypertension with clinical evidence of multiorgan failure (MOF). It is more and more frequently observed in intensive-care units as a complication in critical patients, but especially in traumatology and surgery. The incidence is highly variable according to ... |
15514524 | Transfusion-induced leukocyte IL-8 gene expression is avoided by the use of human polymerized hemoglobin. | <h4>Background</h4>Red blood cell (pRBC) transfusion is an independent risk factor for multiple organ failure (MOF); a maladaptive immuno-inflammatory response is implicated. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is one putative mediator of this response. We previously observed that injured patients resuscitated with pRBCs have increas... |
15465860 | Kinetics and thermodynamics of lipid amphiphile exchange between lipoproteins and albumin in serum. | We have examined the kinetics and thermodynamics of the exchange of a fluorescent amphiphile derived from a phospholipid, NBD-DMPE, between serum albumin and the serum lipoproteins of high density (HDL2 and HDL3), LDL, and VLDL. Binding of the fluorescent lipid amphiphile to bovine serum albumin is characterized, at 35... |
15531628 | Rapid isolation of high-affinity protein binding peptides using bacterial display. | A robust bacterial display methodology was developed that allows the rapid isolation of peptides that bind to arbitrarily selected targets with high affinity. To demonstrate the utility of this approach, a large library (5 x 10(10) clones) was constructed composed of random 15-mer peptide insertions constrained within ... |
15604788 | Lipase-catalyzed enantioselective esterification of mono-aza-benzo-15-crown-5-ether derivatives in organic media. | For the purpose of developing a new chiral crown ether unit as a chiral synthon, three racemic mono azabenzo-15-crown-5-ethers, i.e. (R,S)-1-(6,7,9,10,12,13,15,16-octahydro-5,8,14,17-tetraoxa-11-aza-benzocyclopentadecen-11-yl)-propan-2-ol, (R,S)-2-(6,7,9,10,12,13,15,16-octahydro-5,8,14,17-tetraoxa-11-aza-benzocyclopent... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.