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8760379 | Purification of a rat neurotensin receptor expressed in Escherichia coli. | A truncated rat neurotensin receptor (NTR), expressed in Escherichia coli with the maltose-binding protein fused to its N-terminus and the 13 amino acid Bio tag fused to its C-terminus, was purified to apparent homogeneity in two steps by use of the monomeric avidin system followed by a novel neurotensin column. This p... |
8756358 | Molecular recognition and assembly. | The synthesis and characterization of a series of self-assembling capsules is described. Assembly takes place as a result of the self-complementary hydrogen bonding patterns on the subunit pieces and dimerization occurs in such a manner that the concave surfaces of the two subunits are directed at one another. This fea... |
8707854 | Identification of stromal cell products that interact with pre-B cells. | Our understanding of lympho-hematopoietic microenvironments is incomplete, and a new cloning strategy was developed to identify molecules that bind to B lineage lymphocyte precursors. A cell sorting procedure was used for initial enrichment of cDNAs from stromal cell mRNA that contained signal sequences and were theref... |
8662548 | Gating as a control element in constrictive binding and guest release by hemicarcerands. | Theoretical modeling of the dynamics of complexation and decomplexation of guest molecules by container molecules reveals that gating has a critical influence on the ease of formation and stability of host-guest complexes. Hosts equipped with gates can form very stable complexes with a variety of guests under readily a... |
8702639 | Fibrillin-1 and fibulin-2 interact and are colocalized in some tissues. | Microfibrils 10-12 nm in diameter are found in elastic and non-elastic tissues with fibrillin as a major component. Little is known about the supramolecular structure of these microfibrils and the protein interactions it is based on. To identify protein binding ligands of fibrillin-1, we tested binding of recombinant f... |
8670895 | The spindle pole body component Spc98p interacts with the gamma-tubulin-like Tub4p of Saccharomyces cerevisiae at the sites of microtubule attachment. | Tub4p is a novel tubulin found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It most resembles gamma-tubulin and, like it, is localized to the yeast microtubule organizing centre, the spindle pole body (SPB). In this paper we report the identification of SPC98 as a dosage-dependent suppressor of the conditional lethal tub4-1 allele. SP... |
8670886 | The ABC transporter proteins Pat1 and Pat2 are required for import of long-chain fatty acids into peroxisomes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. | Peroxisomes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are the exclusive site of fatty acid beta-oxidation. We have found that fatty acids reach the peroxisomal matrix via two independent pathways. The subcellular site of fatty acid activation varies with chain length of the substrate and dictates the pathway of substrate entry into ... |
8768905 | Are engineered proteins getting competition from RNA? | Progress in several areas of research is pushing back the supposed limitations of nucleic acid structure and function. New ligand-binding and catalytic RNAs are being created at a rapid pace. Some engineered RNAs offer potential as therapeutic agents whereas others can be used as model systems to study the principles t... |
8768904 | Metalloprotein design. | The rational design of novel proteins offers a new method of studying structure and function, and makes possible the construction of new biomaterials. The richness of metal chemistry, the relative ease of creating stable complexes, and the remarkable degree of subtle, highly specific control of reactivity imposed by th... |
8710920 | Eradication of large colon tumor xenografts by targeted delivery of maytansinoids. | The maytansinoid drug DM1 is 100- to 1000-fold more cytotoxic than anticancer drugs that are currently in clinical use. The immunoconjugate C242-DM1 was prepared by conjugating DM1 to the monoclonal antibody C242, which recognizes a mucin-type glycoprotein expressed to various extents by human colorectal cancers. C242-... |
8710866 | Binding of a hairpin polyamide in the minor groove of DNA: sequence-specific enthalpic discrimination. | Hairpin polyamides are synthetic ligands for sequence-specific recognition in the minor groove of double-helical DNA. A thermodynamic characterization of the DNA-binding properties exhibited by a six-ring hairpin polyamide, ImPyPy-gamma-PyPyPy-beta-Dp (where Im = imidazole, Py = pyrrole, gamma = gamma-aminobutyric acid... |
8710845 | A designed beta-hairpin peptide in crystals. | Beta-hairpin structures have been crystallographically characterized only in very short acyclic peptides, in contrast to helices. The structure of the designed beta-hairpin, t-butoxycarbonyl-Leu-Val-Val-D-Pro-Gly-Leu-Val-Val-OMe in crystals is described. The two independent molecules of the octapeptide fold into almost... |
8756442 | Precision of reinnervation and synaptic remodeling observed in neuromuscular junctions of living frogs. | Repeated in vivo observations were used to study regenerated nerve terminals in neuromuscular junctions of the adult frog Rana pipiens. Sartorius junctions in living animals were stained with the fluorescent vital dye RH414 and viewed with video fluorescence microscopy. Each junction was observed in the intact muscle a... |
8756460 | Minor-groove recognition of double-stranded RNA by the double-stranded RNA-binding domain from the RNA-activated protein kinase PKR. | The human double-stranded RNA- (dsRNA) activated protein kinase (PKR) has a dsRNA-binding domain (dsRBD) that contains two tandem copies of the dsRNA-binding motif (dsRBM). The minimal-length polypeptide required to bind dsRNA contains both dsRBMs, as determined by mobility-shift and filter-binding assays. Mobility-shi... |
8694263 | Miniature sodium-selective ion-exchange optode with fluorescent pH chromoionophores and tunable dynamic range. | An extension into the fluorescence mode of ion-exchange optodes is described, allowing miniaturization and its concomitant benefits. A micrometer-size, fluorescent fiber-optic sodium sensor is described, based on a highly sodium-selective, crown ether-capped calix[4]arene ionophore, capable of ratiometric operation. Th... |
8702267 | Different domains of Bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxins can bind to insect midgut membrane proteins on ligand blots. | We investigated the role of the constituent domains of the CryIA(b) and CryIA(c) delta-endotoxins in binding to midgut epithelial cell membrane proteins of Spodoptera exigua and Manduca sexta on ligand blots. A collection of wild-type and CryIC-CryIA hybrid toxins was used for this purpose. As demonstrated elsewhere (R... |
8754837 | A soluble transcription factor, Oct-1, is also found in the insoluble nuclear matrix and possesses silencing activity in its alanine-rich domain. | Expression of the human thyrotropin beta (hTSHbeta) gene is restricted to thyrotrophs, at least in part, by silencing. Using transient-transfection assays, we have localized a silencer element to a region between -128 and -480 bp upstream of the transcription initiation site. The silencing activity was overcome in a th... |
8754803 | The dual effect of adenovirus type 5 E1A 13S protein on NF-kappaB activation is antagonized by E1B 19K. | The genomes of human adenoviruses encode several regulatory proteins, including the two differentially spliced gene products E1A and E1B. Here, we show that the 13S but not the 12S splice variant of E1A of adenovirus type 5 can activate the human transcription factor NF-kappaB in a bimodal fashion. One mode is the acti... |
8756332 | Ras/Rap effector specificity determined by charge reversal. | Members of the Ras subfamily of small GTP-binding proteins have been shown to be promiscuous towards a variety of putative effector molecules such as the protein kinase c-Raf and the Ral-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (Ral-GEF). To address the question of specificity of interactions we have introduced the ... |
18966578 | Study of the complex formation between 18C6 crown ether and Tl(+), Pb(2+) and Cd(2+) in binary non-aqueous solvents using differential pulse polarography. | Complexation of the Tl(+), Pb(2+) and Cd(2+) ions with macrocyclic ligand 18-crown-6 (18C6) was studied in various binary solvent mixtures of propylencarbonate (PC)/dimethylformamide (DMF) and acetonitrile (AN)/dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) systems at 22 degrees C using the differential pulse polarographic technique. The st... |
18966575 | Derivative spectrophotometric resolution of mixtures of the food colourants Tartrazine, Amaranth and Curcumin in a micellar medium. | A study of the absorption spectra of the food colourants Tartrazine (E-102), Amaranth (E-123) and Curcumin (E-100) in various organic solvents and pH media, have been carried out. In addition, the spectral behaviour in aqueous micellar systems of anionic, cationic and non-ionic surfactants, as well as beta-cyclodextrin... |
18624325 | Sequential actions of glucose oxidase and peroxidase in molecular films assembled by layer-by-layer alternate adsorption. | Molecular films of protein/polyion layers were assembled by means of alternate adsorption through electrostatic interaction. Glucose oxidase (GOD) and peroxidase (POD) were assembled in combination with sodium poly(styrenesulfonate) (PSS) and poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI), respectively. Enzyme activities of those films on ... |
18591027 | Viral etiology of Parkinson's disease: Focus on influenza A virus. | Some clinical reports and epidemiological data suggest that a virus may play a role in the etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). Following intracerebral injection of a neurovirululent strain of influenza A virus into mice, the virus was found to be particularly localized in neurons of the substantia nigra and hippocamp... |
11667398 | Correlation of Solution and Gas Phase Complexation Assessed by Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry: Application to One-, Two-, and Three-Ring Macrocycles. | Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) was used to probe multiple cation complexation by C(12)H(25)<N18N>(CH(2))(12)<N18N>(CH(2))(12)<N18N>C(12)H(25), 2, and <18N>CH(2)C(6)H(4)CH(2)<N18>, 3. Complexation of two cations (2Na(+), 2 K(+), or Na(+) and K(+)) by 3 and three cations by 2 (3 Na(+), 3 K(+), and mix... |
11666671 | Crystal and Molecular Structure of the [6-Deoxy-6-[(2-(4-imidazolyl)ethyl)amino]- cyclomaltoheptaose]copper(II) Ternary Complex with L-Tryptophanate. Role of Weak Forces in the Chiral Recognition Process Assisted by a Metallocyclodextrin. | The ternary copper(II) complex of 6-deoxy-6-[(2-(4-imidazolyl)ethyl)amino]cyclomaltoheptaose (CDhm) and L-tryptophanate (L-TrpO(-)) was characterized by ESR and X-ray diffraction. The solid state structure of [Cu(CDhm)(L-TrpO)](+) shows that the aromatic side chain of TrpO(-) is outside the cavity and that the two amin... |
15299626 | Structure of diferric duck ovotransferrin at 2.35 A resolution. | The structure of diferric duck ovotransferrin (DOT) has been determined and refined at a resolution of 2.35 A. The DOT structure, which contains two iron binding sites, is similar to the known transferrin and lactoferrin structures. The two iron-binding sites, one in the N-terminal lobe and one in the C-terminal lobe o... |
9387470 | [Multiple organ failure in burn patients combined with inhalation injury]. | To define the clinical features and prevention and treatment of multiple organ failure (MOF) developed in burn patients combined with inhalation injury, a retrospective clinical study on 4834 burn patients admitted into the Institute from Jan, 1977 to Aug, 1991, in which 366 cases sustained inhalation injury, was perfo... |
9384741 | The direct separation of the diastereoisomers and enantiomers of the fungicide triadimenol by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography. | The direct chiral separation of the four enantiomers of the systemic fungicide triadimenol has been investigated using micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MECC) with cyclodextrin (CD) chiral selectors and organic modifiers. The capillary operating temperature, applied voltage, and column diameter were all... |
9384737 | Capillary electrophoretic behavior of seven sulfonylureas. | The electrophoretic behavior of seven sulfonylureas (bensulfuron methyl, sulfometuron methyl, nicosulfuron [accent], chlorimuron ethyl, thifensulfuron methyl [harmony], metsulfuron methyl, and chlorsulfuron) was studied under capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) conditi... |
9384735 | Capillary electrophoretic separation of clomiphene isomers using various cyclodextrins as additives. | The cis (Z) and trans (E) isomers of clomiphene were separated using capillary electrophoresis. Various derivatives of cyclodextrins (CDs) were applied as buffer additives, achieving a resolution of greater than 18. The effect of various parameters, type and concentration of CDs, type and concentration of background el... |
9231335 | Cysteine racemization in peptide synthesis: a new and easy detection method. | A new method has been developed for the rapid determination of D-cysteine contents in synthetic peptides. It is based on the reduction of cystine residues, when present, with tris-alkylphosphines, selective derivatization of the cysteine residues with 4-vinylpyridine, followed by acid hydrolysis of the (4-pyridylethyl)... |
9131471 | Chelation-enhanced fluorescence chemosensing of Pb(II), an inherently quenching metal ion. | Pb(II) ion serves as a quencher of anthracene fluorescence both intermolecularly and in intracomplex systems reported to date. The advantages of intensimetric analyses showing increasing signal require the design of mechanistically novel fluorescent chemosensors capable of yielding enhanced fluorescence upon chelation ... |
9131470 | beta-Lactam drug allergens: fine structural recognition patterns of cephalosporin-reactive IgE antibodies. | Lack of experimental findings on the spectrum of cephalosporin allergenic determinants has hindered diagnosis of adverse reactions to these drugs and retarded understanding of allergenic cross-reactions between cephalosporins and between cephalosporins and penicillins. Subjects allergic to the widely used cephalosporin... |
9131469 | Three-dimensional model of a selective theophylline-binding RNA molecule. | A three-dimensional (3D) model for an RNA molecule that selectively binds theophylline but not caffeine is proposed. This RNA, which was found using SELEX (Jenison et al., 1994), is 10,000 times more specific for theophylline (Kn = 320 nM) than for caffeine (KD = 3.5 mM), although the two ligands are identical except f... |
9131468 | Dye-affinity techniques for bioprocessing: recent developments. | Textile or triazine dyes play an important role as affinity ligands in protein purification. Each step of the protein purification protocol can be divided into three stages, partitioning between two phases, separation of these phases and recovery of the target protein from the enriched phase. Now developments in dye-af... |
9044688 | Preparation, characterization and radiolabeling of a new amphiphilic derivative of DTPA. | A new derivative (1) of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) is described. Compound 1 contains a hydrophobic unit (a triphenyl methyl group) and a hydrophilic unit (a DTPA ester), and therefore behaves as an amphiphile in aqueous solution. Compound 1 appears to form a stable inclusion complex with 99mTc. A rabbit... |
9054174 | [The effect of cadmium on the wakefulness-sleep cycle in rats in early postnatal ontogeny]. | The influence of cadmium chloride on behavioural and EEC characteristics of sleep-wakefulness cycle in the newborn Wistar rats (from the 5th to the 14th day of life) was investigated under conditions of the acute and chronic experiment. It is found that single injection of cadmium has caused the increase in wakefulness... |
8807887 | New chemistry for the study of multiprotein complexes: the six-histidine tag as a receptor for a protein crosslinking reagent. | <h4>Background</h4>To study very large macromolecular complexes, it would be useful to be able to incorporate probe molecules, such as fluorescent tags or photoactivatable crosslinkers, into specific sites on proteins. Current methods for doing this use relatively large amounts of highly purified protein, limiting the ... |
8992955 | [Biosynthesis of human calcitonin and mini-proinsulin in bacterial cells in the form of hybrid proteins with corresponding antisense peptides and a metal-binding peptide]. | To verify experimentally the molecular recognition theory, plasmids were constructed that provided the efficient synthesis of hybrid proteins composed of human calcitonin or miniproinsulin, the corresponding antisense peptides, and a histidine-rich metal-binding peptide. A method for isolation of the hybrid proteins by... |
8999312 | [Detection of the functionally active domains in the molecule of protective antigen of the anthrax exotoxin]. | Using the limited proteolysis method, we established that the protective antigen (PA) molecule consists of four functionally active domains. The shielding domain occupies an area in the linear structure of the molecule PA with NH4-terminal up to Lys166 and plays an important role in the proteolytic activation of PA. Th... |
8991524 | [The thermodynamic direction of biological evolution. The model and the reality]. | A macrothermodynamic model of evolution of the supramolecular structures and chemical composition of living objects during ontogenesis and at long-term stages of general biological evolution is presented. A study of quasiclosed (thermodynamically and kinetically) systems, phases of the biomass supramolecular structures... |
8881806 | An impaired phagocytic function is associated with leucocyte activation in the early stages of severe acute pancreatitis. | <h4>Background</h4>An excessive leucocyte activation takes place early in severe acute pancreatitis. Furthermore, some indirect evidences suggest a disturbance of the mononuclear phagocytic system in the severe cases.<h4>Aims</h4>To compare the early functionalism of leucocytes obtained from patients with mild disease ... |
8881133 | Intramedullary femoral osteosynthesis: an additional cause of ARDS in multiply injured patients? | This study analysed the effects of reaming and intramedullary nailing and thoracic injury related to development of ARDS and multi-organ failure in multiply injured patients. Sixty patients were entered into a retrospective follow-up study. Twenty-one patients with thoracic injury and femoral shaft fracture, treated by... |
8875688 | Acute renal failure complicating severe acute pancreatitis. | The records of 563 patients admitted to the hospital with diagnosis of acute pancreatitis have been studied retrospectively. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of acute renal failure (ARF) in these patients, and to evaluate the most important risk factors for ARF development and mortality. The preva... |
8862525 | Structure-function studies of the myosin motor domain: importance of the 50-kDa cleft. | We used random mutagenesis to create 21 point mutations in a highly conserved region of the motor domain of Dictyostelium myosin and classified them into three distinct groups based on the ability to complement myosin null cell phenotypes: wild type, intermediate, and null. Biochemical analysis of the mutated myosins a... |
8855407 | Vancomycin as a chiral selector in capillary electrophoresis: an appraisal of advantages and limitations. | The properties of the macrocyclic antibiotic vancomycin, used as a chiral selector, were studied with aminoquinolycarbamate derivatives of amino acids, containing sulfur and selenium, as well as with other organic ions. Vancomycin combines the ability to resolve fully ionized anionic enantiomers, typical of proteins, w... |
8854109 | Results of occlusion therapy in anisomyopic amblyopia with myelinated nerve fibers. | The combination of anisomyopia and myelinated nerve fibers in the highly myopic eye is often correlated with severe and therapy-resistant amblyopia. There are very few reports on successful amblyopia therapy in patients with this constellation of symptoms. We report on six patients aged 6, 7, 9 (two cases), and 28 year... |
8844869 | Exploring the energy landscapes of molecular recognition by a genetic algorithm: analysis of the requirements for robust docking of HIV-1 protease and FKBP-12 complexes. | Energy landscapes of molecular recognition are explored by performing "semi-rigid" docking of FK-506 and rapamycin with the Fukisawa binding protein (FKBP-12), and flexible docking simulations of the Ro-31-8959 and AG-1284 inhibitors with HIV-1 protease by a genetic algorithm. The requirements of a molecular recognitio... |
8844827 | Native-like beta-hairpin structure in an isolated fragment from ferredoxin: NMR and CD studies of solvent effects on the N-terminal 20 residues. | The conformational properties of protein fragments have been widely studied as models of the earliest initiation events in protein folding. While native-like alpha-helices and beta-turns have been identified, less is known about the factors that underly beta-sheet formation, in particular beta-hairpins, where considera... |
8844322 | Evaluation of HPLC retention data by non-linear mapping, cluster analysis and varimax rotation. A comparative study. | The retention of 17 propargylamine derivatives was determined on a beta-cyclodextrin polymer (beta-CDP)-coated silica column using tetrahydrofuran-0.05 M K2HPO4 (6:4, v/v) as eluent. The inclusion complex formation between the propargylamine derivatives and a water-soluble beta-CDP was studied by charge-transfer chroma... |
8844226 | Hemostatic abnormalities and the severity of illness in patients at the onset of clinically defined sepsis. Possible indication of the degree of endothelial cell activation? | <h4>Objective</h4>To find out whether changes within the hemostatic system are related to the severity of illness and organ failure in patients at the onset of clinically defined sepsis and to find some indications for the contribution of endothelial cell activation or perturbation to the patient's status. The followin... |
8832096 | Some properties of a cyclomaltodextrin-glucanotransferase from Bacillus circulans DF 9 R type. | The cyclomaltodextrin-glucanotransferase (EC2.4.1.19, CGTase) which was purified to homogeneity from Bacillus circulans strain DF 9, R type, showed a pI of 5.3 determined by disc-isoelectric focusing, a Mw of 78 kDa estimated by SDS-PAGE with a range of pH of optimal enzymatic activity rather large (4.5-7.5). The therm... |
8831984 | Synthesis and structure of chiral macrocycles containing 2,2'-bipyridine subunits. | A series of macrocyclic receptors has been prepared containing bipyridine groups linked to two amino acids. Variations in both the amino acid and the linking spacer have been made. The structure of the resulting macrocycles has been investigated using 1H NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. The use of L-valine l... |
8831982 | Synthesis of heterocycles containing two cytosine or two guanine base-pairing sites. Novel tectons for self-assembly. | The synthesis of 1 and 2 is described, as is the X-ray structure of 1. Tecton 1 contains two DAA hydrogen bonding sites (cytosine-like), while 2 contains two DDA sites (guanosine-like). Tectons 1 and 2 were designed to self-assemble into a helical superstructure. Self-recognition of 1 occurs in the solid state with a n... |
8831969 | Erythromycin biosynthesis: exploiting the catalytic versatility of the modular polyketide synthase. | DEBS 1 + TE is a recombinant modular polyketide synthase (PKS) in which the first two biosynthetic modules of the 6-deoxyerythronolide B synthase are linked to the thioesterase domain normally found at the C-terminus of DEBS 3. Incubation of DEBS 1 + TE with propionyl-CoA, methylamalonyl-CoA, and NADPH gives the triket... |
8819176 | Crystallization, X-ray studies, and site-directed cysteine mutagenesis of the DNA-binding domain of OmpR. | A C-terminal fragment of the transcription factor OmpR has been crystallized using the sitting drop vapor-diffusion method. Crystals belong to the trigonal space-group P3n12 with cell dimensions a = b = 54.4 A, c = 135.5 A, and gamma = 120.00 degrees. A second crystal form has been obtained by soaking this crystal form... |
8818353 | Synthetic inhibitors of endopeptidase EC 3.4.24.15: potency and stability in vitro and in vivo. | 1. The role of the metalloendopeptidase EC 3.4.24.15 (EP 24.15) in peptide metabolism in vivo is unknown, in part reflecting the lack of a stable enzyme inhibitor. The most commonly used inhibitor, N-[1-(R,S)-carboxy-3-phenylpropyl]-Ala-Ala-Tyr-p-aminobenzoate (cFP-AAY-pAB, Ki = 16 nM), although selective in vitro, is ... |
8814350 | Rate assay of N-acetyl-beta-D-hexosaminidase with 4-nitrophenyl N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide as an artificial substrate. | A rapid and accurate rate assay method for N-acetyl-beta-D-hexosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.52, also known as N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, or NAGase) using 4-nitrophenyl N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide (NP-GlcNAc) as an artificial substrate was developed using diethylaminoethyl-alpha-cyclodextrin (DEn-CD, where n is the numb... |
8804613 | Charge transfer across a single lipid-water interface causes ion pumping across the bilayer. | The photoformation of magnesium-porphyrin cations (P+) at a single lipid bilayer-water interface can pump lipophilic borate anions completely across the lipid bilayer and causes an actual reversal of the photovoltage. The system consists of a lipid bilayer containing magnesium octaethylporphyrin, an aqueous or interfac... |
8804605 | A Ba2+ chelator suppresses long shut events in fully activated high-conductance Ca(2+)-dependent K+ channels. | High-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K+ channels from rat skeletal muscle were incorporated into planar lipid bilayers, and the channel kinetics were studied with a high internal Ca2+ concentration (Cai). Raising the Cai is known to increase the channel open probability. This effect is due to an increases in openings freq... |
8804604 | Hydrophobic mutations alter the movement of Mg2+ in the pore of voltage-gated potassium channels. | The permeation pathways of the voltage-gated K+ channels Kv3.1 and ShakerB delta 6-46 (ShB delta) were studied using Mg2+ block. Internal Mg2+ blocked both channels in a voltage-dependent manner, and block was partially relieved by external K+, consistent with Mg2+ binding within the pore. The kinetics of Mg2+ block wa... |
8804596 | Statistical thermodynamic analysis of peptide and protein insertion into lipid membranes. | A statistical thermodynamic approach is used to analyze the various contributions to the free energy change associated with the insertion of proteins and protein fragments into lipid bilayers. The partition coefficient that determines the equilibrium distribution of proteins between the membrane and the solution is exp... |
8804591 | Differentiating inclusion complexes from host molecules by tapping-mode atomic force microscopy. | Tapping-mode atomic force microscopy imaging under different cantilever vibration amplitudes has been used to differentiate the host beta-cyclodextrin nanotubes from retinal/beta-cyclodextrin inclusion complex nanotubes. It was observed that both compounds were deformed differently by the applied probe force because of... |
8804590 | Stark effect experiments in cytochrome c-type proteins: structural hierarchies. | We performed hole-burning Stark effect experiments on cytochrome c in which the iron of the herne was either removed or replaced by Zn. According to the experiments, the free-base compound has an effective inversion center, even in the protein. The Zn compound, on the other hand, shows quite peculiar features: in the l... |
8804588 | DNA mesophases induced by spermidine: structural properties and biological implications. | Conditions of formation of DNA aggregates by the addition of spermidine were determined with 146 base pair DNA fragments as a function of spermidine and NaCl concentration. Two different phases of spermidine-DNA complexes are obtained: a cholesteric liquid crystalline phase with a large helical pitch, with interhelix d... |
8783274 | Dystrophin and the dystrophin-associated glycoprotein, beta-dystroglycan, co-localize in photoreceptor synaptic complexes of the human retina. | Mutations in the gene encoding for dystrophin, a membrane-associated cytoskeletal protein of muscle and several non-muscle cells, are the cause of Duchenne muscular dystrophy and Becker muscular dystrophy. Patients suffering from Duchenne muscular dystrophy have recently been shown to display an abnormal b-wave of the ... |
8782413 | Acceptor specificity of cyclodextrin glucanotransferase from an alkalophilic Bacillus species and synthesis of glucosyl rhamnose. | Cyclodextrin glucanotransferase [1,4-alpha-D-glucan 4-alpha-D-(1,4-alpha-D-glucano)-transferase (cyclizing), EC 2. 4. 1. 19] from an alkalophilic Bacillus species A2-5a had a wider acceptor specificity than that from B. macerans, which was similar to those from B. stearothermophilus and B. circulans. Glucosyl rhamnose ... |
8717037 | Entropically driven binding in a self-assembling molecular capsule. | The encapsulation of molecules within larger molecular or supramolecular cages (see ref. 1 for examples) brings about many interesting phenomena, among them the stabilization of reactive intermediates, new forms of stereoisomerism, and templating of the cage itself. Here we describe a self-assembling hydrogen-bonded mo... |
8755610 | Formation of junctions involved in excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal and cardiac muscle. | During excitation-contraction (e-c) coupling of striated muscle, depolarization of the surface membrane is converted into Ca2+ release from internal stores. This process occurs at intracellular junctions characterized by a specialized composition and structural organization of membrane proteins. The coordinated arrange... |
8755582 | Induction of mucosal immune responses against a heterologous antigen fused to filamentous hemagglutinin after intranasal immunization with recombinant Bordetella pertussis. | Live vaccine vectors are usually very effective and generally elicit immune responses of higher magnitude and longer duration than nonliving vectors. Consequently, much attention has been turned to the engineering of oral pathogens for the delivery of foreign antigens to the gut-associated lymphoid tissues. However, no... |
8755561 | An antibody-interleukin 2 fusion protein overcomes tumor heterogeneity by induction of a cellular immune response. | Antibody-based therapies for cancer rely on the expression of defined antigens on neoplastic cells. However, most tumors display heterogeneity in the expression of such antigens. We demonstrate here that antibody-targeted interleukin 2 delivery overcomes this problem by induction of a host immune response. Immunohistoc... |
8755535 | Nucleotide-specific interaction of Ran/TC4 with nuclear transport factors NTF2 and p97. | The use of permeabilized cell models to study nuclear protein import has led to the identification of cytosolic components of the import machinery, including the NLS receptor, p97, Ran/TC4, and nuclear transport factor 2 (NTF2). These proteins are required to reconstitute docking of transport ligand at the nuclear pore... |
8755526 | Cholesterol starvation induces differentiation of the intestinal parasite Giardia lamblia. | Giardia lamblia, like most human intestinal parasitic protozoa, sustains fundamental morphological and biochemical changes to survive outside the small intestine of its mammalian host by differentiating into an infective cyst. However, the stimulus that triggers this differentiation remains totally undefined. In this w... |
8755492 | Photo-induced inactivation of viruses: adsorption of methylene blue, thionine, and thiopyronine on Qbeta bacteriophage. | The adsorption of cationic organic dyes (methylene blue, thionine, and thiopyronine) on Qbeta bacteriophage was studied by UV-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy. The dyes have shown a strong affinity to the virus and some have been used as sensitizers for photo-induced inactivation of virus. In the methylene blue co... |
8741435 | [Early and late results of surgical intervention for 32 active infective endocarditis patients in last 10 years]. | Thirty-two active infectious endocarditis patients who underwent 36 surgical procedures (23 NVEs, 13 PVEs) in last 10 years were reviewed. Seven patients (19.4%) died early postoperatively, 3/23 (13%) in NVEs and 4/13 (31%) in PVEs, and the causes of death were LOS in 5, MOF in one and cerebral bleeding in one. NVE pat... |
8765670 | Synthesis of different immunotoxins composed by ribosome inactivating proteins non-covalently bound to monoclonal antibody. | This study describes the synthesis of a panel of immunotoxins made by a non-covalent interaction between a monoclonal antibody derivatized with a dichlorotriazinic dye and six different ribosomal inhibitor proteins: colocin 1, momorcochin, momordin, bryodin, saporin 6 and PAP-S. The scheme of preparation showed several... |
8760403 | Electron spectroscopic imaging of antigens by reaction with boronated antibodies. | Two small homogeneous markers for electron spectroscopic imaging (ESI) containing eight dodecaborane cages linked to a poly-alpha, epsilon-L-lysine dendrimer were synthesized; one of these was made water soluble by the attachment of a polyether. The markers were coupled to the sulfhydryl group of (monovalent) antibody ... |
8765985 | Flavour release from rehydrated french beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) influenced by composition and volume of artificial saliva. | Influence of saliva composition and volume on flavour release from rehydrated French beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) was studied in three types of mouth model systems; dynamic headspace (DH), dynamic headspace and mastication (DHM) and a purge-and-trap (PT) model system. Volatile compounds were analysed by gas chromatograph... |
8755655 | Sequence-independent inhibition of in vitro vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, migration, and in vivo neointimal formation by phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides. | Phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides (PS oligos) are antisense (sequence-specific) inhibitors of vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation when targeted against different genes. Recently an aptameric G-quartet inhibitory effect of PS oligos has been demonstrated. To determine whether PS oligos manifest non-G-qu... |
8696507 | Mixed micelles of short chain alkyl surfactants and bile salts in electrokinetic chromatography: enhanced separation of corticosteroids. | The separation of a complex mixture of 17 corticosteroids was investigated by mixed micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MMEKC) employing various bile salts and/or alkylsulfonates. In this study, influence of individual surfactants and mixed micelles of hydrocarbon-bile salt surfactants on retention behavior, select... |
8713088 | Molecular recognition of peptide and non-peptide ligands by the extracellular domains of neurohypophysial hormone receptors. | This study was designed to ascertain whether the extracellular loops of vasopressin/oxytocin receptors bind ligands and, if so, to locate the molecular determinants of this ligand-receptor interaction. Ligand-binding studies were employed using a rat liver V1a vasopressin receptor preparation and both peptide and non-p... |
8759001 | Site-specific recombination by the beta protein from the streptococcal plasmid pSM19035: minimal recombination sequences and crossing over site. | The beta recombinase from the broad host range Grampositive plasmid pSM19035 catalyzes intramolecular site-specific recombination between two directly or inversely oriented recombination sites in the presence of a chromatin-associated protein (Hbsu). The recombination site had been localized to a 447 bp DNA segment fro... |
8758999 | The influence of base identity and base pairing on the function of the alpha-sarcin loop of 23S rRNA. | The alpha-sarcin loop of large subunit rRNAs is one of the sites of interaction of elongation factors with the ribosome, and the target of the cytotoxins alpha-sarcin and ricin. Using a genetic selection for increased frameshifting in a reporter gene, we have isolated a C --> U mutation at position 2666 in the alpha-sa... |
8670853 | Homophilic adhesion of E-cadherin occurs by a co-operative two-step interaction of N-terminal domains. | Cluster formation of E-cadherin on the cell surface is believed to be of major importance for cell-cell adhesion. To mimic this process the extracellular part of mouse E-cadherin (ECAD) was recombinantly fused to the assembly domain of rat cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), resulting in the chimeric protein EC... |
8763950 | Tyrosine 106 of CheY plays an important role in chemotaxis signal transduction in Escherichia coli. | CheY is the response regulator in the signal transduction pathway of bacterial chemotaxis. Position 106 of CheY is occupied by a conserved aromatic residue (tyrosine or phenylalanine) in the response regulator superfamily. A number of substitutions at position 106 have been made and characterized by both behavioral and... |
8660410 | Two novel toxins from the venom of the scorpion Pandinus imperator show that the N-terminal amino acid sequence is important for their affinities towards Shaker B K+ channels. | Two novel peptides were purified from the venom of the scorpion Pandinus imperator, and were named Pi2 and Pi3. Their complete primary structures were determined and their blocking effects on Shaker B K+ channels were studied. Both peptides contain 35 amino acids residues, compacted by three disulfide bridges, and reve... |
8709132 | Interaction of 1,4-dihydropyridine and pyridine derivatives with adenosine receptors: selectivity for A3 receptors. | 1,4-Dihydropyridine and pyridine derivatives bound to three subtypes of adenosine receptors in the micromolar range. Affinity was determined in radioligand binding assays at rat brain A1 and A2A receptors using [3H]-(R)-PIA [[3H]-(R)-N6-(phenylisopropyl)adenosine] and [3H]CGS 21680 [[3H]-2-[[4-(2-carboxyethyl)phenyl]et... |
8660622 | Mass spectrometric characterization of sequence-specific complexes of DNA and transcription factor PU.1 DNA binding domain. | Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) has been used to study the noncovalent interaction of the 13.5-kDa DNA binding domain of PU.1 (PU.1-DBD) with specific double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) target molecules. Mixtures of PU.1-DBD protein and wild-type target DNA sequence yielded ESI-MS spectra showing only prote... |
8709104 | Novel cyclic analogs of angiotensin II with cyclization between positions 5 and 7: conformational and biological implications. | To study the conformational features of molecular recognition of angiotensin II (Asp1-Arg2-Val3-Tyr4-Val/IIe5-His6-Pro7-Phe8, AII), the synthesis and biological testing of several cyclic analogs of AII cyclized between positions 5 and 7 have been performed. The synthesized analogs were Sar1-Arg2-Val3-Tyr4-cyclo(Cys5-Hi... |
8709095 | (S)-13-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-10,11,14,15-tetrahydro-4,9:16, 21-dimetheno-1H, 13H-dibenzo[e,k]pyrrolo[3,4-h][1,4,13]oxadiazacyclohexadecene-1,3(2H)-d ione (LY333531) and related analogues: isozyme selective inhibitors of protein kinase C beta. | Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of closely related serine and threonine kinases. Overactivation of some PKC isozymes has been postulated to occur in several diseases states, including diabetic complications. Selective inhibition of overactivated PKC isozymes may offer a unique therapeutic approach to disease states ... |
8698460 | Differential effects of the streptococcal fibronectin-binding protein, FBP54, on adhesion of group A streptococci to human buccal cells and HEp-2 tissue culture cells. | We have previously demonstrated that fibronectin mediates streptococcal adhesion to host cells and that streptococci interact primarily with the N-terminal domain of fibronectin. FBP54 is a 54-kDa protein from group A streptococci that binds fibronectin. In this report, we show that the N-terminal domain of fibronectin... |
8686928 | Racemization of amino acids in solid-phase peptide synthesis investigated by capillary electrophoresis. | The rate of racemization during solid-phase peptide synthesis was studied using capillary electrophoresis and 18-crown-6 tetracarboxylic acid as chiral selector. For this purpose, the tripeptide D-Tyr-L-Lys-L-Trp as a model compound was synthesized by solid-phase peptide synthesis. A separation method based on capillar... |
8692934 | Structure of the ripple phase in lecithin bilayers. | The phases of the x-ray form factors are derived for the ripple (Pbeta') thermodynamic phase in the lecithin bilayer system. By combining these phases with experimental intensity data, the electron density map of the ripple phase of dimyristoyl-phosphatidylcholine is constructed. The phases are derived by fitting the i... |
8764400 | On the connection between inherent DNA flexure and preferred binding of hydroxymethyluracil-containing DNA by the type II DNA-binding protein TF1. | TF1 is a member of the family of type II DNA-binding proteins, which also includes the bacterial HU proteins and the Escherichia coli integration host factor (IHF). Distinctive to TF1, which is encoded by the Bacillus subtilis bacteriophage SPO1, is its preferential binding to DNA in which thymine is replaced by 5-hydr... |
8670844 | Identification of two DNA-binding sites on the globular domain of histone H5. | The nature of the complexes of histones H1 and H5 and their globular domains (GH1 and GH5) with DNA suggested two DNA-binding sites which are likely to be the basis of the preference of H1 and H5 for the nucleosome, compared with free DNA. More recently the X-ray and NMR structures of GH5 and GH1, respectively, have id... |
8670833 | Kv8.1, a new neuronal potassium channel subunit with specific inhibitory properties towards Shab and Shaw channels. | Outward rectifier K+ channels have a characteristic structure with six transmembrane segments and one pore region. A new member of this family of transmembrane proteins has been cloned and called Kv8.1. Kv8.1 is essentially present in the brain where it is located mainly in layers II, IV and VI of the cerebral cortex, ... |
8670831 | A point mutation in the microtubule binding region of the Ncd motor protein reduces motor velocity. | Non-claret disjunctional (Ncd) is a kinesin-related microtubule motor protein in Drosophila that functions in meiotic spindle assembly in oocytes and spindle pole maintenance in early embryos. The partial loss-of-function mutant ncdD retains mitotic, but not meiotic, function. The predicted NcdD mutant protein contains... |
8670825 | Molecular mechanism and species specificity of TAP inhibition by herpes simplex virus ICP47. | The immediate early protein ICP47 of herpes simplex virus (HSV) inhibits the transporter for antigen processing (TAP)-mediated translocation of antigen-derived peptides across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. This interference prevents assembly of peptides with class I MHC molecules in the ER and ultimately rec... |
8688415 | Large heat capacity change in a protein-monovalent cation interaction. | Current views about protein-ligand interactions state that electrostatic forces drive the binding of charged species and that burial of hydrophobic and polar surfaces controls the heat capacity change associated with the reaction. For the interaction of a protein with a monovalent cation the electrostatic components ar... |
8663188 | Cellular cholesterol efflux mediated by cyclodextrins. Demonstration Of kinetic pools and mechanism of efflux. | The efflux of cholesterol from cells in culture to cyclodextrin acceptors has been reported to be substantially more rapid than efflux induced by other known acceptors of cholesterol (Kilsdonk, E. P. C., Yancey, P., Stoudt, G., Bangerter, F. W., Johnson, W. J., Phillips, M. C., and Rothblat, G. H. (1995) J. Biol. Chem.... |
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