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29178225 | Emission from Zeolite-Occluded Manganese-Diimine Complexes. | Manganese complexes of 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy) and 1,10-phenantroline (phen) have been synthesised in the supercages of cubic NaX and NaY and in the hypercages of the hexagonal NaEMT faujasites. The coordination and redox chemistry were studied with ESCA, CA, FT-IR, FT-Raman, diffuse reflectance and emission techniques. ... |
28868721 | Experiences of Postcardiotomy Assist: Pneumatic Ventricular Assist Device or Venoarterial Bypass with Percutaneous Cardiopulmonary Support. | From October 1982 to the present, 16 patients have been supported by a pneumatic ventricular assist device (VAD). Since April 1990, we have introduced a venoarterial bypass (VAB) with percutaneous cardiopulmonary support (PCPS) system. This PCPS system was used in 12 patients. The long-term survival rate of PCPS cases ... |
24271310 | Supramolecular organization of the photosynthetic chain in chromatophores and cells of Rhodobacter sphaeroides. | Flash-induced kinetics of the membrane potential increase related to electron transfer within the cytochrome (cyt) b/c1 complex (Phase III) and that of cyt c1+c2 reduction have been measured as a function of myxothiazol concentration in isolated chromatophores and whole cells of Rhodobacter sphaeroides. Upon addition o... |
21619135 | Biomagnetic neurosensors. 4. Design and optimization for analytical use. | Biomagnetic neurosensors based on magnetic stimulation and magnetic detection of neural events depend critically upon the effective matching of the magnetic transducers and the neural tissue employed. Although the properties of wire-wrapped ferrite core transducers can be predicted from electromagnetic fundamentals, me... |
8812998 | Molecular and Supramolecular Architecture of the Salmo gairdneri Proteinaceous Eggshell during Development | A detailed developmental study of eggshell architecture of the fish Salmo gairdneri (rainbow trout) was performed using transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Thioglycollic acid treatment and freeze-fracturing reveal that fibrils ca. 5-10 nm in diameter constitute each lamella of the helicoidal eggshell. Freeze... |
8662446 | The Self-Assembly Mechanism of Alkanethiols on Au(111) | The self-assembly mechanism of alkanethiol monolayers on the (111) surface of gold was discovered with the use of an ultrahigh-vacuum scanning tunneling microscope. Monolayer formation follows a two-step process that begins with condensation of low-density crystalline islands, characterized by surface-aligned molecular... |
11667232 | Phosphorus-Containing Dendrimers. Easy Access to New Multi-Difunctionalized Macromolecules. | Phosphorus-containing dendrimers 1-[G'(1)]-1-[G'(4)] (generation 1 to generation 4) possessing terminal aldehyde groups reacted with a variety of hydrazino compounds. Addition of hydrazine itself to 1-[G'(1)]-1-[G'(4)] afforded the corresponding dendrimers 2-[G(1)]-2-[G(4)] with hydrazono groups at the periphery. Addit... |
11667208 | Porphyrin Synthesis in Surfactant Solution: Multicomponent Assembly in Micelles. | A synthesis of meso-substituted porphyrins in anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate micelles has been developed. Polar, functionalized aromatic aldehydes condense reversibly with pyrrole in the micellar phase. Oxidation of the porphyrinogen then provides functionalized porphyrins in yields of 10-48%. Hydrophobic aldehydes con... |
11667172 | Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure Thiocrown Ethers Derived from 1,1'-Binaphthalene-2,2'-diol. | Synthetic methodology is given for the preparation of two different types of thiocrown ethers from optically pure 1,1'-binaphthalene-2,2'-diol (10). The conceptually simplest approach starts from optically pure 10 itself, which is alkylated (4 equiv of K(2)CO(3) in DMF at 110 degrees C) with 2-chloroethanol followed by... |
11666542 | Synthesis of a Heteroditopic Cryptand Capable of Imposing a Distorted Coordination Geometry onto Cu(II): Crystal Structures of the Cryptand (L), [Cu(L)(CN)](picrate), and [Cu(L)(NCS)](picrate) and Spectroscopic Studies of the Cu(II) Complexes. | The synthesis of a new macrobicyclic cryptand (L) with heteroditopic receptor sites has been achieved in good yields by the [1 + 1] Schiff base condensation of tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (tren) with the tripodal trialdehyde, tris{[2-(3-(oxomethyl)phenyl)oxy]ethyl}amine at 5 degrees C temperature. The crystal structure of ... |
11666538 | Photophysics of Supercomplexes. Adduct between Ru(bpy)(CN)(4)(2-) and the [32]ane-N(8)H(8)(8+) Polyaza Macrocycle. | The formation of a supercomplex between the Ru(bpy)(CN)(4)(2-) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) complex and the [32]ane-N(8)H(8)(8+) macrocycle (1) has been studied in water and in acetonitrile. In acetonitrile, supercomplex formation is accompanied by (i) large hypsochromic shifts in the absorption spectrum (color changes from... |
11666508 | Ligand-Assisted Liquid Crystal Templating in Mesoporous Niobium Oxide Molecular Sieves. | A systematic study of the factors governing the formation of Nb-TMS1, a niobium-based mesoporous hexagonally-packed transition metal oxide molecular sieve, is reported. The synthesis of this material was achieved through a novel ligand-assisted liquid crystal templating mechanism in which a discrete covalent bond is us... |
11666507 | Magnetostructural Correlations in Bis(&mgr;(2)-phenoxide)-Bridged Macrocyclic Dinuclear Copper(II) Complexes. Influence of Electron-Withdrawing Substituents on Exchange Coupling. | Macrocyclic dicopper(II) complexes derived from 2,6-di(R)formylphenols and various linking diamines are surveyed and their magnetic and structural properties assessed. For those systems with "flat" dinuclear centers and no electronic perturbations associated with electron-withdrawing ligands or ligand groups, the compl... |
15566869 | Uses of biosensor technology in the development of probes for viral diagnosis. | <h4>Background</h4>Since 1990, a new biosensor technology based on surface plasmon resonance makes it possible to visualize molecular recognition as a function of time, in terms of change in mass concentration occurring on a sensor chip surface. One of the reactants is immobilized on a dextran matrix while the other is... |
15299671 | Refined three-dimensional structure of cat-muscle (M1) pyruvate kinase at a resolution of 2.6 A. | The three-dimensional structure of cat-muscle pyoruvate kinase has been refined at a resolution of 2.6 A. The details of the structure permit interpretation of the original heavy-atom studies and give insight into the importance of conserved residues in pyruvate kinases and the allosteric behaviour of the enzyme. There... |
11539301 | Qy-excitation resonance Raman spectra of chlorophyll a and bacteriochlorophyll c/d aggregates. Effects of peripheral substituents on the low-frequency vibrational characteristics. | Low-frequency (80-700 cm-1) Qy-excitation resonance Raman (RR) spectra are reported for thin-solid-film aggregates of several chlorophyll (Chl) a and bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) c/d pigments. The pigments include Chl a, pyrochlorophyll a (PChl a), methylpyrochloropyllide a (MPChl a), methylbacteriochloropyllide d (MBCh... |
9206199 | [Changes of circulating Lps and cytokines in burned patients after anti-endotoxin therapy]. | <h4>Objective</h4>Endotoxin as the inciting agent of cytokines and other mediators, whose high level expression correlates with the septic shock and MOF, has been the one of leading causes of death in ICU.<h4>Methods</h4>For treating sepsis and MOF caused by endotoxin, the anti-lipid A of LPS antibody was used, 19 burn... |
9078373 | Glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase: from genetics to molecular recognition. | Accurately aminoacylated tRNAs are an a priori requirement for translation of the genetic code. They are synthesized by the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases which select both the correct amino acid and tRNA from a total of more than 400 possible combinations. Genetic, biochemical and structural studies have begun to reveal t... |
8938598 | Fibrinogen adsorption to receptor-like biomaterials made by pre-adsorbing peptides to polystyrene substrates. | Two peptides from the ligand-binding site of the platelet receptor GPIIb/IIIa, residues 296-306 of GPIIb, designated B12 by D'Souza et al. (1991), and 300-311 of GPIIb, designated G13 by Taylor et al., (1992), as well as two control peptides, designated C14 and C20, were adsorbed to treated polystyrene substrates. Fibr... |
8938597 | Prediction of IgE(Lb4)-ligand complex structures by automated docking. | A mouse monoclonal anti-2,4,6-trinitrophenyl IgE (clone Lb4) was screened with a random set of over 2000 compounds, and several ligands were found to bind with affinities comparable to that of the immunizing hapten (KD in the microM range). An automated docking algorithm was used for the prediction of complex structure... |
8938596 | Characteristics of beta-adrenergic receptors in longitudinal muscle membranes of rat uterus: changes in kinetic properties of the receptor during gestation. | Binding characteristics of beta-adrenergic receptors of longitudinal muscle membranes isolated from different stages of pregnant rat myometrium were investigated using [3H]dihydroalprenolol. Between Days 15 and 21 of gestation, the ratio of beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic receptors of longitudinal membranes was constant.... |
8938595 | Sequence/structure selective thermal and photochemical cleavage of yeast-tRNA(Phe) by UO(2)2+. | The uranyl(VI) ion, UO(2)2+, cleaves yeast tRNA(Phe) both thermally and photochemically. Photochemical cleavage takes place at all positions but exhibits maxima at G10, G18, G30, A38, C49 and A62. Furthermore, in the presence of stoichiometric concentrations of citrate, the cleavage is generally suppressed except that ... |
8938594 | Enhanced uranyl photocleavage across the minor groove of all (A/T)4 sequences indicates a similar narrow minor groove conformation. | The uranyl(VI)-mediated photocleavage of a Drew-Dickerson sequence oligonucleotide (5'-dGATCACGC-GAATTCGCGT) either as the (self-complementary) duplex or cloned into the BamH1 site of pUC19 has been studied. At pH 6.5 in acetate buffer relatively enhanced photocleavage is observed at the 3'-end of the AATT sequence cor... |
8938593 | Review of conformation-specific affinity purification methods for plasma vitamin K-dependent proteins. | There are seven known vitamin K-dependent proteins in blood. These proteins require calcium ion for expressing their full biological activities. Calcium ion also induces conformational changes in this class of proteins. Taking advantage of the ligand induced conformational changes, a number of unique approaches of affi... |
8937042 | [Silibinin and acute poisoning with Amanita phalloides]. | The aim of the present study was to show the therapeutic effect of silibinin dihemisuccinate in a case of intoxication by mushrooms of Amanita gender. We report a clinical case of a 4-person family intoxicated by ingestion of mushrooms Amanita phalloides and admitted to the center for poisoning treatment of the Hospita... |
9156807 | A novel DNA-peptide complex for efficient gene transfer and expression in mammalian cells. | To develop a nonviral gene delivery system for treatment of diseases, our strategy is to construct DNA complexes with short synthetic peptides that mimic the functions of viral proteins. We have designed and synthesized two peptides which emulate viral functions - a DNA condensing agent, YKAK(8)WK, and an amphipathic, ... |
8860429 | Delivery of nasal powders of beta-cyclodextrin by insufflation. | <h4>Purpose</h4>Delivery of nasal powders of granulated beta-cyclodextrin by insufflation was studied in order to find the relationship between powder properties and delivery behavior.<h4>Methods</h4>Three nasal powder formulations, prepared by granulating beta-cyclodextrin with different binders, were delivered from a... |
9172770 | Specific antigen/antibody interactions measured by force microscopy. | Molecular recognition between biotinylated bovine serum albumin and polyclonal, biotin-directed IG antibodies has been measured directly under various buffer conditions using an atomic force microscope (AFM). It was found that even highly structured molecules such as IgG antibodies preserve their specific affinity to t... |
9172752 | Effects of unsaturation and curvature on the transverse distribution of intramolecular dynamics of dipyrenyl lipids. | The roles of acyl chain unsaturation and curvature in the excimer formation efficiency (EFE) of site-specific conjugated pyrene molecules in lipid membranes have been investigated by steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. Six 1-2-(pyrenyl-n-acyl)-phosphatidylcholine (dipy(n)PC) probes, with pyrenyl c... |
9172751 | Effect of the N-terminal glycine on the secondary structure, orientation, and interaction of the influenza hemagglutinin fusion peptide with lipid bilayers. | The amino-terminal segment of the membrane-anchored subunit of influenza hemagglutinin (HA) plays a crucial role in membrane fusion and, hence, has been termed the fusion peptide. We have studied the secondary structure, orientation, and effects on the bilayer structure of synthetic peptides corresponding to the wild-t... |
9172748 | Intrinsic curvature in normal and inverted lipid structures and in membranes. | The intrinsic or spontaneous radius of curvature, R(o), of lipid monolayer assemblies is expressed in terms of a lipid molecular packing parameter, V/AI, for various geometries. It is shown that the equivalent lipid length, 1, in inverted hexagonal (HII) phases, defined by a cylindrical shell of equal total lipid volum... |
9172745 | Free radical mediated x-ray damage of model membranes. | The damaging effects of synchrotron-derived x rays on aqueous phospholipid dispersions have been evaluated. The effect of degree of lipid hydration, phospholipid chemical structure, mesophase identity, aqueous medium composition, and incident flux on the severity and progress of damage was quantified using time-resolve... |
9172730 | Covalent immobilization of native biomolecules onto Au(111) via N-hydroxysuccinimide ester functionalized self-assembled monolayers for scanning probe microscopy. | We have worked out a procedure for covalent binding of native biomacromolecules on flat gold surfaces for scanning probe microscopy in aqueous buffer solutions and for other nanotechnological applications, such as the direct measurement of interaction forces between immobilized macromolecules, of their elastomechanical... |
8927252 | [Epidemiology and treatment of long-term male impotence]. | Male impotence has assumed increasing clinical importance and the perfection of diagnostic and therapeutic methods has opened new horizons for medical treatment. The aim of this paper is to provide a review of the epidemiology of this disorder with the relative diagnostic and therapeutic correlations. The authors repor... |
8816329 | Detection of epitopes on follicle-stimulating hormone and FSH-antiserum-induced suppression of bioactivity of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone. | There are currently two major approaches to hormonal male contraception. One relies on testosterone (analogs) either alone or in combination with gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) (analogs or immunizations), the other on immunizations against follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Theoretically, the latter method will... |
8799881 | Selective cyclodextrin inhibition of alfaxolone-induced ataxia. | The effect of the use of a number of popular solubility treatments was examined on alfaxolone- and diazepam-induced ataxia. The effects of diazepam were not significantly altered by solution in cyclodextrin, Alkamuls EL-620 or a mixture of propylene glycol and ethanol. The effects of alfaxolone were not altered by solu... |
8798931 | Effect of beta-cyclodextrin derivatives on the retention of steroidal drugs. | The retention of eighteen steroid drugs was determined on a beta-cyclodextrin polymer (beta CDP)-coated silica column using methanol-water mixtures as eluents. The relative strength of inclusion formation between the drugs and hydroxypropyl-beta CD (HP beta CD) and dimethyl-beta CD was determined by charge transfer chr... |
8798922 | Enantiomer separation of dihydropyridine calcium antagonists with cyclodextrins as chiral selectors: structural correlation. | Native and substituted cyclodextrins (CDs) were used as chiral selectors both in high-performance liquid chromatography and capillary electromigration separations (HPCE and MEKC). Chromatographic data of five dihydropyridine calcium antagonists obtained on three beta-CD chiral stationary phases in reversed-phase mode w... |
8798916 | Chiral resolution of the dansyl derivative of 2-methyltaurine by capillary electrophoresis. | A cyclodextrin-modified micellar capillary electrophoretic method was developed for the chiral separation of 2-methyltaurine. The racemic mixture was separated after derivatization with dansyl chloride. The enantiomeric separation of the dansyl derivative was done using electrolyte solutions containing beta-cyclodextri... |
8798914 | Separation of biologically active peptides by capillary electrophoresis and high-performance liquid chromatography. | HPLC and CE have been applied to the separation of some newly synthesized substances, including nonapeptides from the intrachinary region of insulin, insulin-like growth factors I and II (IGF I and II) and some penta- and hexapeptides. All the peptides are satisfactorily separated using a reversed-phase HPLC system wit... |
8795045 | Molecular recognition of the Lewis Y antigen by monoclonal antibodies. | The murine monoclonal antibody BR55-2 is directed against the tumor-associated antigen Lewis Y oligosaccharide. The Lewis Y core antigen is a difucosylated structure consisting of four hexose units. Analysis of binding profiles of lactoseries isomeric structures by BR55-2 suggest that the binding epitope includes the O... |
8774796 | Neutrophil priming and activation in the pathogenesis of postinjury multiple organ failure. | The continuing study of multiple organ failure (MOF) has led to the development of inflammatory models of tissue injury in contrast to earlier infectious models. This change of focus is in response to more recent clinical observations suggesting that postinjury MOF frequently occurs in the absence of infection. In the ... |
8774078 | Nitrite/nitrate (NOx) and sFas antigen levels in patients with multiple organ failure. | We assessed the plasma levels of nitrite/nitrate (NOx) and soluble Fas antigen (sFas) in patients with multiple organ failure (MOF). The NOx levels showed high levels in MOF patients with sepsis and without infection. A significant difference was not seen between the MOF patients complicated by sepsis and uncomplicated... |
8726601 | Effect of food on the pharmacokinetics of a new hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin formulation of itraconazole. | <h4>Study objective</h4>To compare the pharmacokinetics of a single 100-mg oral dose of itraconazole administered as 10 ml of a 10-mg/ml itraconazole solution in hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin under fasting versus postprandial conditions.<h4>Design</h4>Open-label, two-way, randomized, crossover study.<h4>Setting</h4>J... |
8735615 | The effect of nociceptin on Ca2+ channel current and intracellular Ca2+ in the SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell line. | The human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y expresses the 'orphan' opioid receptor (ORL1). We have demonstrated that nociceptin, the putative endogenous ligand for ORL1, produces a concentration-dependent inhibition of the N-type calcium channel current in these cells (IC50 42 nM). In addition, in the presence of carbach... |
8724083 | Morphometric study of myelinated fibers in human cervical spinal cord white matter. | <h4>Study design</h4>Using human autopsy spinal cord specimens, morphologic measurements of myelinated nerve fibers were performed, focusing on the regions that include the main white matter conduction paths. The hemilateral spinal cord morphology was also measured, and its relation with the component myelinated nerve ... |
8733647 | The cytokine response to critical illness. | The aims of this review are to provide a basic introduction to the biology of cytokines and to summarise the results of studies, both laboratory and clinical, relating to the cytokine response to critical illness. Elucidation of the cytokine response to conditions such as sepsis, trauma, and burns may be important for ... |
8722794 | Mitochondrial DNA sequence variation in the eastern house mouse, Mus musculus: comparison with other house mice and report of a 75-bp tandem repeat. | The control region and flanking tRNAs were sequenced from 139 Mus musculus mitochondrial DNAs (mtDNAs) from mice collected at 44 localities extending from Germany to Japan. Among the 36 types of M. musculus mtDNA resolved, five have an added 75-bp direct repeat; the two copies within an individual differ by two to four... |
8732765 | Pi-turns in proteins and peptides: Classification, conformation, occurrence, hydration and sequence. | The i + 5-->i hydrogen bonded turn conformation (pi-turn) with the fifth residue adopting alpha L conformation is frequently found at the C-terminus of helices in proteins and hence is speculated to be a "helix termination signal." An analysis of the occurrence of i + 5-->i hydrogen bonded turn conformation at any gene... |
8723768 | Inhibition of lipid peroxidation attenuates axotomy-induced apoptotic degeneration of facial motor neurons in neonatal rats. | The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of oxygen radical-induced lipid peroxidative mechanisms in trophic deprivation-induced apoptotic motor neuronal degeneration by testing the ability of the 21-aminosteroid lipid peroxidation inhibitor tirilazad mesylate (U-74006F) to attenuate the retrograde degenera... |
8723494 | In vitro and in vivo activities of SCH 56592 against Blastomyces dermatitidis. | The new triazole derivative SCH 56592 has been tested in a National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards-adapted in vitro susceptibility test, and its activity against 12 isolates of Blastomyces dermatitidis yeast-like forms has been compared with those of amphotericin B, itraconazole, and fluconazole. SCH 56592... |
8727908 | Immunohistochemical detection of prion protein in lymphoid tissues of sheep with natural scrapie. | The scrapie-associated form of the prion protein (PrPSc) accumulates in the brain and lymphoid tissues of sheep with scrapie. In order to assess whether detecting PrPSc in lymphoid tissue could be used as a diagnostic test for scrapie, we studied the localization and distribution of PrPSc in various lymphoid tissues co... |
8767745 | Separation of enantiomers of drugs by capillary electrophoresis. III. Beta-cyclodextrin as chiral solvating agent. | Enantiomer separation by capillary zone electrophoresis was studied for a set of 34 chiral drugs. Keeping the concentration of beta-cyclodextrin as a chiral solvating agent as constant as possible led to the separation of seven enantiomeric pairs. Carvedilol, Tetryzoline, Tropicamide and Zopiclone gave a baseline separ... |
8767740 | Capillary electrophoresis of cardiovascular drugs. | This review surveys the use of capillary electrophoresis for the analysis of cardiovascular drugs. Each section presents examples of separations according to the class of the cardiovascular agent. The classes presented are beta-adrenergic antagonists (beta-blockers), acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, angiotensin-convert... |
8767739 | Identification of chiral drug isomers by capillary electrophoresis. | Separation of optical isomers of compounds of pharmaceutical interest by capillary electrophoretic techniques is reviewed. The direct and indirect separation method, as well as the main resolution mechanisms and the parameters influencing the stereoselectivity are discussed considering capillary zone electrophoresis, m... |
8767738 | Enantiomer separation of drugs by electrokinetic chromatography. | This review surveys the enantiomer separation of drugs by electrokinetic chromatography (EKC). EKC is one option of capillary electrophoretic (CE) techniques, which permits the separation of electrically neutral drugs. In enantiomer separation by EKC, ionic pseudo-stationary phases such as chiral micelles and proteins,... |
8662141 | Clinical trials of new and novel therapeutic agents. | Throughout this issue of World Journal of Surgery are recommendations and descriptions of therapy to prevent the development of multiple organ failure (MOF). The subjects include advances in monitoring; circulatory, pulmonary, and gut support; blood treatment; immune modulation; and control of the inflammatory process.... |
8662139 | Blood purification for prevention and treatment of multiple organ failure. | Blood purification has been applied conventionally as an artificial kidney or artificial liver in the management of patients with multiple organ failure (MOF), and most blood purifications have been performed intermittently. Recent advances in medical engineering made it possible to perform such blood purifications con... |
8662138 | Nutritional support to prevent and treat multiple organ failure. | Enteral nutrition (EN) has several advantages over parenteral nutrition (PN) for postoperative/posttrauma patients. Modern technologies for tube-feeding have made early EN possible. Jejunal tube-feeding has advantages over gastric tube-feeding: faster metabolic recovery, less vomiting, and less risk of regurgitation an... |
8662137 | Multiple organ failure: is it disappearing? | The incidence of multiple organ failure (MOF) during the last decade has been reported variously as 2% to 25%, depending on the patient population examined. The mortality rate from this devastating complication ranges from 40% to 80%. Although the incidence has not changed during the last decade, it does not mean that ... |
8662136 | Prevention and therapy of multiple organ failure. | Multiple organ failure (MOF) stems from a complex interaction between the host's immune response and inadequate tissue perfusion. Prevention of MOF therefore addresses these two components. The risk of inflammation is reduced through treatment of any infection and early stabilization of traumatized regions. Adequate re... |
8662130 | Pattern of organ failure following severe trauma. | Multiple organ failure (MOF) is considered to be the leading cause of death after severe trauma. Although there is extensive literature on MOF, little is known about the pattern, sequence, and onset of this clinical syndrome. The first goal of this clinical study was to define MOF; the second was to assess the typical ... |
8662128 | Role of the gut in multiple organ failure: bacterial translocation and permeability changes. | It is clear that increased gut permeability and bacterial translocation play a role in multiple organ failure (MOF). Failure of the gut barrier remains central to the hypothesis that toxins escaping from the gut lumen contribute to activation of the host's immune inflammatory defense mechanisms, subsequently leading to... |
8662125 | Early risk factors for postinjury multiple organ failure. | Epidemiologic studies, based on retrospective data from heterogeneous populations with poor control of confounders, led early investigators to conclude that infection was the overriding risk factor for multiple organ failure (MOF). More recent studies have convincingly shown that MOF frequently occurs in the absence of... |
8661971 | Dexamethasone enhances the osteogenic effects of fluoride in human TE85 osteosarcoma cells in vitro. | The in vitro osteogenic effects of fluoride have not always been consistently observed in human bone cells. The present study sought to test if dexamethasone (Dex) could potentiate the action of fluoride to increase the detectability of the stimulatory effects of fluoride on [3H]thymidine incorporation, alkaline phosph... |
8675029 | New vectors for peptide display on the surface of filamentous bacteriophage. | We have modified the genome of the filamentous bacteriophage fd and also constructed a number of new vectors for the purpose of displaying peptides on the surface of the virion. These vectors facilitate the directional cloning of DNA encoding a peptide of interest at or near the N terminus of the major coat protein, th... |
8659921 | RNA libraries and RNA recognition. | Random RNA libraries, consisting of > 10(13) unique sequences, contain molecules capable of specifically binding small molecule and protein ligands by noncovalent interaction. Successive steps of affinity purification and amplification allow the propagation and eventual isolation of specific binding molecules, called a... |
8665948 | Stereoselectivity of pigment exchange with 13(2)-hydroxylated tetrapyrroles in reaction centers of Rhodobacter sphaeroides R26. | Bacteriochlorophyll a and bacteriopheophytin a carry a stereochemically labile asymmetric carbon at position C13(2). The steric requirements of photosynthetic reaction centers from Rhodobacter sphaeroides R26 have been probed by exchange experiments with the respective epimeric 13(2)-hydroxylated pigments, in which epi... |
9026441 | Purification and biochemical characterization of pullulanase type I from Thermus caldophilus GK-24. | A thermostable pullulanase (pullulan 6-glucanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.41) has been purified to homogeneity from Thermus caldophilus GK-24 by chromatographic methods, including gel-filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. The specific activity of the enzyme was increased 431-fold with a recovery of 13.2%. The purified en... |
8640599 | An irreversible A1-selective adenosine agonist preconditions rabbit heart. | This study tested whether an irreversible agonist of the A1 adenosine receptor, m-DITC ADAC, can mimic the protective effect of ischemic preconditioning in the rabbit heart. Isolated Krebs buffer-perfused rabbit hearts experienced 30 mins of regional ischemia and 120 mins of reperfusion. Infarct size was measured with ... |
8647179 | The macrophage cell surface glycoprotein F4/80 is a highly glycosylated proteoglycan. | Molecules whose expression is limited to particular leukocyte populations are of interest since they may perform unique functions for these cells. We therefore examined the biochemical nature of the F4/80 molecule, which is expressed solely on macrophage and dendritic cell subpopulations. Our study clearly indicates th... |
8645193 | Effect of substituent on the thermodynamics of D-glucopyranoside binding to concanavalin A, pea (Pisum sativum) lectin and lentil (Lens culinaris) lectin. | Titration calorimetry measurements of the binding of phenyl-alpha (alpha PhOGlu), 3-methoxy (3MeOGlu), fluorodeoxy and deoxy derivatives of alpha-D-glucopyranose (Glu) to concanavalin A (conA), pea lectin and lentil lectin were performed at approx. 10 and 25 degrees C in 0.01 M dimethylglutaric acid/NaOH buffer, pH 6.9... |
8645190 | Collagen fibril formation. | Collagen is most abundant in animal tissues as very long fibrils with a characteristic axial periodic structure. The fibrils provide the major biomechanical scaffold for cell attachment and anchorage of macromolecules, allowing the shape and form of tissues to be defined and maintained. How the fibrils are formed from ... |
8642315 | Modulation of promiscuous T cell receptor recognition by mutagenesis of CDR2 residues. | The T cell receptor (TCR) recognizes a ligand composed of a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule and a peptide antigen. Prior studies of murine T cell clones have demonstrated that residues in the CDR3 region of TCR interact with amino acids in the peptide during MHC-restricted antigen recognition. However, ... |
8639600 | Engineered biosynthesis of novel polyketides: regiospecific methylation of an unnatural substrate by the tcmO O-methyltransferase. | TcmO is an O-methyltransferase that methylates the C-8 hydroxyl to Tcm B3, a four-ring aromatic intermediate in the tetracenomycin biosynthetic pathway of Streptomyces glaucescens. The gene encoding this enzyme was expressed in Streptomyces coelicolor CH999 together with the actinorhodin polyketide synthase (PKS) gene ... |
8639594 | The acid-mediated denaturation pathway of transthyretin yields a conformational intermediate that can self-assemble into amyloid. | Transthyretin (TTR) amyloid fibril formation is observed during partial acid denaturation and while refolding acid-denatured TTR, implying that amyloid fibril formation results from the self-assembly of a conformational intermediate. The acid denaturation pathway of TTR has been studied in detail herein employing a var... |
8643586 | Extremely sensitive, background-free gene detection using binary probes and beta replicase. | We have developed a specific and sensitive nucleic acid amplification assay that is suitable for routine gene detection. The assay is based on a novel molecular genetic strategy in which two different RNA probes are hybridized to adjacent positions on a target nucleic acid and then ligated to form an amplifiable report... |
8636242 | An antiglycolipid antibody inhibits Madin-Darby canine kidney cell adhesion to laminin and interferes with basolateral polarization and tight junction formation. | Epithelial cells polarize not only in response to cell-cell contacts, but also to contacts with a substratum composed of extracellular matrix molecules. To probe the role of specific matrix constituents in epithelial cell polarization, we investigated the effects of an adhesion-blocking mAb, 12B12, on initial polarizat... |
8665862 | Multiple roles for divalent metal ions in DNA transposition: distinct stages of Tn10 transposition have different Mg2+ requirements. | Tn10 transposition takes place by a non-replicative mechanism in which the transposon is excised from donor DNA and integrated into a target site. Mg2+ is an essential cofactor in this reaction. We have examined the Mg2+ requirements at various steps in Tn10 transposition. Results presented here demonstrate that Tn10 e... |
8634336 | High levels of mouse thymosin beta4 mRNA in differentiating P19 embryonic cells and during development of cardiovascular tissues. | The self assembly of actin and the large number of actin-binding proteins are important in the establishment of cell shape and function during embryogenesis. Thymosin beta4 (Tbeta4) is a small acidic peptide that participates in the regulation of actin polymerization in mammalian cells. In the present work, we report t... |
8645186 | A novel structural class of K+-channel blocking toxin from the scorpion Pandinus imperator. | A novel peptide was purified and characterized from the venom of the scorpion Pandinus imperator. Analysis of its primary structure reveals that it belongs to a new structural class of K+-channel blocking peptide, composed of only 35 amino acids, but cross-linked by four disulphide bridges. It is 40, 43 and 46% identic... |
8645147 | Specific binding of the Akt-1 protein kinase to phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate without subsequent activation. | Recent evidence has suggested that activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) is required for the activation of Akt-1 by growth factors and insulin. Here we demonstrate by two independent methods that Akt-1 from L6 myotubes binds to PtdIns(3,4,5)P3, PtdIns(3,4)P2 and PtdIns(4,5)P2 when presented against a ba... |
8631635 | Dexamethasone-cyclodextrin-polymer co-complexes in aqueous eye drops. Aqueous humor pharmacokinetics in humans. | <h4>Purpose</h4>To test an aqueous eye drop solution containing a high concentration of dexamethasone in a cyclodextrin-based drug delivery system. This system increases both drug solubility in aqueous eye drops and drug permeability into the eye, through drug cyclodextrin-polymer co-complexes.<h4>Methods</h4>2-hydroxy... |
8635505 | Functional interplay between interleukin-1 receptor and elastin binding protein regulates fibronectin production in coronary artery smooth muscle cells. | We have previously shown that free galactosugars and N-acetylgalactosamine glycosaminoglycans, e.g., chondroitin sulfate (CS), release the 67-kDa elastin binding protein (EBP) from arterial smooth muscle cell (SMC) surfaces. This disrupts cell contact with elastin, impairs assembly of new elastic fibers, and increases ... |
8636415 | The relationship between the fibrinogen D domain self-association/cross-linking site (gammaXL) and the fibrinogen Dusart abnormality (Aalpha R554C-albumin): clues to thrombophilia in the "Dusart syndrome". | Cross-linking of fibrinogen at its COOH-terminal gamma chain cross-linking site occurs in the presence of factor XIIIa due to self-association at a constitutive D domain site ("gammaXL"). We investigated the contribution of COOH-terminal regions of fibrinogen Aalpha chains to the gammaXL site by comparing the gamma cha... |
8639523 | An NMR spectroscopy and molecular mechanics study of the molecular basis for the supramolecular structure of lipopolysaccharides. | Lipopolysaccharides from Gram-negative bacteria interact with the mammalian immune system to trigger a cascade of physiological events leading to a shock syndrome which results in the death in over 70% of cases of severe shock. It is known that the supramolecular structures of lipopolysaccharide aggregates are critical... |
8640194 | Lipid requirements and lipid uptake by Giardia lamblia trophozoites in culture. | To better understand the lipid requirements of Giardia lamblia trophozoites and the mechanisms of lipid uptake, we supplemented serum-free TYI-S-33 medium with lipids incorporated into different lipid carriers. We found that serum lipoproteins, beta-cyclodextrins, and bile salts are able to supply cholesterol and phosp... |
8642604 | Molecular recognition in the FMN-RNA aptamer complex. | We report on a combined NMR-molecular dynamics calculation approach that has solved the solution structure of the complex of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) bound to the conserved internal loop segment of a 35 nucleotide RNA aptamer identified through in vitro selection. The FMN-RNA aptamer complex exhibits exceptionally w... |
8634248 | Phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance studies on coenzyme binding and specificity in glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. | Binding of NAD(P)+ to wild type and a series of mutants of the glycolytic NAD-dependent glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) from Bacillus stearothermophilus designed to alter the cofactor specificity [Clermont, S., Corbier, C., Mely, Y., Gerard, D., Wonacott, A., & Branlant, G. (1993) Biochemistry 21, 1017... |
8631692 | DNA binding of the Bordetella pertussis H1 homolog alters in vitro DNA flexibility. | BpH1, the Bordetella pertussis H1 homolog, interacts with chromosomal DNA. With DNase I protection assays, we demonstrate in this study that BpH1 binds DNA in a nonspecific manner and that it may cover DNA fragments from end to end. Although the binding was shown to be nonspecific, preferential binding sites and sites ... |
8631678 | Construction and characterization of two lexA mutants of Salmonella typhimurium with different UV sensitivities and UV mutabilities. | Salmonella typhimurium has a SOS regulon which resembles that of Escherichia coli. recA mutants of S. typhimurium have already been isolated, but no mutations in lexA have been described yet. In this work, two different lexA mutants of S. typhimurium LT2 have been constructed on a sulA background to prevent cell death ... |
8631677 | Novel mechanisms of Escherichia coli succinyl-coenzyme A synthetase regulation. | Low concentrations of ADP are shown to increase the rate of phosphoenzyme formation of E. coli succinyl-coenzyme A (CoA) synthetase (SCS) without altering the fraction of phosphorylated enzyme. This is true when either ATP or succinyl-CoA and Pi are used to phosphorylate the enzyme. The stimulatory effect of ADP is not... |
8631670 | Surveying a supercoil domain by using the gamma delta resolution system in Salmonella typhimurium. | A genetic system was developed to investigate the supercoil structure of bacterial chromosomes. New res-carrying transposons were derived from MudI1734 (MudJr1 and MudJr2) and Tn10 (Tn10dGn). The MudJr1 and MudJr2 elements each have a res site in opposite orientation so that when paired with a Tn10dGn element in the sa... |
8643529 | A synthetic random basic copolymer with promiscuous binding to class II major histocompatibility complex molecules inhibits T-cell proliferative responses to major and minor histocompatibility antigens in vitro and confers the capacity to prevent murine graft-versus-host disease in vivo. | Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a T-cell-mediated disease of transplanted donor T cells recognizing host alloantigens. Data presented in this report show, to our knowledge, for the first time that a synthetic copolymer of the amino acids L-Glu, L-Lys, L-Ala, and L-Tyr (molecular ratio, 1.9:6.0:4.7:1.0; Mr, 6000-850... |
8643500 | Efficient transfer of genetic material into mammalian cells using Starburst polyamidoamine dendrimers. | Starburst polyamidoamine dendrimers are a new class of synthetic polymers with unique structural and physical characteristics. These polymers were investigated for the ability to bind DNA and enhance DNA transfer and expression in a variety of mammalian cell lines. Twenty different types of polyamidoamine dendrimers we... |
8643494 | Crystal structure of a human TATA box-binding protein/TATA element complex. | The TATA box-binding protein (TBP) is required by all three eukaryotic RNA polymerases for correct initiation of transcription of ribosomal, messenger, small nuclear, and transfer RNAs. The cocrystal structure of the C-terminal/core region of human TBP complexed with the TATA element of the adenovirus major late promot... |
8643475 | Sequence-specific DNA-binding dominated by dehydration. | Fluorescence spectroscopy and isothermal titration calorimetry were used to study the thermodynamics of binding of the glucocorticoid receptor DNA-binding domain to four different, but similar, DNA-binding sites. The binding sites are two naturally occurring sites that differ in the composition of one base pair, i.e., ... |
8643445 | Functional interaction and colocalization of the herpes simplex virus 1 major regulatory protein ICP4 with EAP, a nucleolar-ribosomal protein. | The herpes simplex virus 1 infected cell protein 4 (ICP4) binds to DNA and regulates gene expression both positively and negatively. EAP (Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small nuclear RNA-associated protein) binds to small nonpolyadenylylated nuclear RNAs and is found in nucleoli and in ribosomes, where it is also known as ... |
8641273 | Formation of reversible disulfide bonds with the protein matrix of the endoplasmic reticulum correlates with the retention of unassembled Ig light chains. | Exposed thiols act as intracellular retention elements for unassembled secretory molecules. Yet, some free Ig lambda light chains are secreted despite the presence of an unpaired cysteine (Cys214). This is due largely to the presence of a flanking acidic residue: substitution of Asp213 for Gly or Lys increases pre-Golg... |
8623912 | Light chain cardiomyopathy. Structural analysis of the light chain tissue deposits. | Cardiomyopathy due to monoclonal light chain deposits is a complication of plasma cell disorders. The deposits may be either fibrillar as in light chain amyloid or nonfibrillar as in light chain deposition disease. The reasons for these structural differences are still unknown. We characterized the myocardial deposits ... |
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