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Beta-galactosidase
Beta-galactosidase β-galactosidase, also called lactase, beta-gal or β-gal, is a glycoside hydrolase enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of β-galactosides into monosaccharides through the breaking of a glycosidic bond. β-galactosides include carbohydrates containing galactose where the glycosidic bond lies above the g...
Beta-galactosidase β-galactosidase, also called lactase, beta-gal or β-gal, is a glycoside hydrolase enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of β-galactosides into monosaccharides through the breaking of a glycosidic bond. β-galactosides include carbohydrates containing galactose where the glycosidic bond lies above the ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/B-galactosidase
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Bovine coronavirus
Bovine coronavirus # Overview Bovine coronavirus (BCV) is as a member of the Coronaviridae family which are enveloped, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA viruses with a club-shaped surface. Infection causes Calf Enteritis' and contributes to the 'Enzootic Pneumonia complex' in calves. It can also cause 'Winter Dysent...
Bovine coronavirus Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Bovine coronavirus (BCV) is as a member of the Coronaviridae family which are enveloped, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA viruses with a club-shaped surface. Infection causes Calf Enteritis' and contributes to the 'Enzootic Pneumonia ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/BCoV
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wikidoc
Balkan nephropathy
Balkan nephropathy Synonyms and keywords: Danubian endemic familial nephropathy; DEFN; Balkan endemic nephropathy; BEN; Nephropathica endemica # Overview Balkan nephropathy is a form of chronic interstitial nephritis that is endemic to limited areas of Bulgaria, the former Yugoslavia, and Romania. It is characterized ...
Balkan nephropathy Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2] Aarti Narayan, M.B.B.S [3] Synonyms and keywords: Danubian endemic familial nephropathy; DEFN; Balkan endemic nephropathy; BEN; Nephropathica endemica # Overview Balkan nephropathy is a ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/BEN
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wikidoc
Baby Gender Mentor
Baby Gender Mentor # Background Baby Gender Mentor is the trade name of a controversial blood test designed to determine whether a pregnant woman is carrying a male or female child. The test is made by Acu-Gen Biolab, Inc., a biotech company in Lowell, Massachusetts, United States, and is marketed to detect the sex of...
Baby Gender Mentor Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Background Baby Gender Mentor is the trade name of a controversial blood test designed to determine whether a pregnant woman is carrying a male or female child. The test is made by Acu-Gen Biolab, Inc., a biotech company in Lowell, Massachusetts,...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Baby_Gender_Mentor
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wikidoc
Back pain
Back pain overview # Overview Back pain is one of the most common cause of primary care and emergency department visit. On the basis of origin, back pain can be broadly classified into three categories: axial, referred, and radicular. Back pain can also be classified on the basis of its underlying etiology into mechan...
Back pain overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Zehra Malik, M.B.B.S[2] # Overview Back pain is one of the most common cause of primary care and emergency department visit. On the basis of origin, back pain can be broadly classified into three categories: axial, re...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Back_pain_overview
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Balloon septostomy
Balloon septostomy Balloon septostomy is the widening of a foramen ovale, patent foramen ovale (PFO), or atrial septal defect (ASD) via cardiac catheterization (heart cath) using a balloon catheter. This procedure allows a greater amount of oxygenated blood to enter the systemic circulation in some cases of cyanotic co...
Balloon septostomy Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Balloon septostomy is the widening of a foramen ovale, patent foramen ovale (PFO), or atrial septal defect (ASD) via cardiac catheterization (heart cath) using a balloon catheter. This procedure allows a greater amount of oxygenated blood to enter t...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Balloon_septostomy
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Baptisia australis
Baptisia australis Baptisia australis, commonly known as Blue Wild Indigo or Blue False Indigo, is a herbaceous perennial in the pea family. It is native to much of the central and eastern North America and is particularly common in the Midwest, but it has also been introduced well beyond its natural range. The plant m...
Baptisia australis Baptisia australis, commonly known as Blue Wild Indigo or Blue False Indigo, is a herbaceous perennial in the pea family. It is native to much of the central and eastern North America and is particularly common in the Midwest, but it has also been introduced well beyond its natural range. The plant ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Baptisia_australis
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wikidoc
Basic life support
Basic life support Synonyms and keywords: BLS. # Overview Basic Life Support is a specific level of prehospital medical care provided by trained responders, including emergency medical technicians, in the absence of advanced medical care. Earlier guidelines used to focus on an 'ABCD' sequence in which the BLS provider...
Basic life support Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]; Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [3] Synonyms and keywords: BLS. # Overview Basic Life Support is a specific level of prehospital medical care provided by trained responders, including emergen...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Basic_Life_Support
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Baskerville effect
Baskerville effect The Baskerville effect, or the Hound of the Baskervilles effect is a statistical observation that mortality through heart attacks is increased by psychological stress. It is named after the fictional Charles Baskerville from the Sherlock Holmes novel The Hound of the Baskervilles who died as a result...
Baskerville effect Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] The Baskerville effect, or the Hound of the Baskervilles effect is a statistical observation that mortality through heart attacks is increased by psychological stress. It is named after the fictional Charles Baskerville from the Sherlock Holmes nove...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Baskerville_effect
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wikidoc
Bass (vocal range)
Bass (vocal range) A bass (or basso in Italian) is a male singer who sings in the deepest vocal range of the human voice. According to Grove Music Online, a bass has a range extending from around the F below low C to the E above middle C (i.e., F2–E4). The Harvard Dictionary of Music defines the range as being from the...
Bass (vocal range) Template:Vocal range A bass (or basso in Italian) is a male singer who sings in the deepest vocal range of the human voice. According to Grove Music Online, a bass has a range extending from around the F below low C to the E above middle C (i.e., F2–E4).[1] The Harvard Dictionary of Music defines th...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bass_(vocal_range)
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wikidoc
Bayesian inference
Bayesian inference # Overview Bayesian inference is statistical inference in which evidence or observations are used to update or to newly infer the probability that a hypothesis may be true. The name "Bayesian" comes from the frequent use of Bayes' theorem in the inference process. Bayes' theorem was derived from t...
Bayesian inference # Overview Bayesian inference is statistical inference in which evidence or observations are used to update or to newly infer the probability that a hypothesis may be true. The name "Bayesian" comes from the frequent use of Bayes' theorem in the inference process. Bayes' theorem was derived from t...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bayesian_analysis
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Beaker (glassware)
Beaker (glassware) A beaker is a simple container for stirring, mixing and heating liquids, they are commonly used in any laboratory. Beakers are generally cylindrical in shape, with a flat bottom. Beakers are available in a wide range of sizes, from 1 mL up to several litres. They may be made of glass (very often bo...
Beaker (glassware) Template:Infobox Laboratory equipment A beaker is a simple container for stirring, mixing and heating liquids, they are commonly used in any laboratory. Beakers are generally cylindrical in shape, with a flat bottom. Beakers are available in a wide range of sizes, from 1 mL up to several litres. T...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Beaker
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wikidoc
Belief propagation
Belief propagation # Overview Belief propagation, also known as the sum-product algorithm, is an iterative algorithm for computing marginals of functions on a graphical model most commonly used in artificial intelligence and information theory. Judea Pearl in 1982 formulated this algorithm on trees, and Kim and Pearl...
Belief propagation Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Belief propagation, also known as the sum-product algorithm, is an iterative algorithm for computing marginals of functions on a graphical model most commonly used in artificial intelligence and information theory. Judea Pearl in 1982[1...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Belief_propagation
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Benedict's reagent
Benedict's reagent Benedict's reagent (also called Benedict's solution or Benedict's test) is a chemical reagent named after an American chemist, Stanley Rossiter Benedict. Benedict's reagent is used as a test for the presence of all monosaccharides, and generally also reducing sugars. These include glucose, galactose,...
Benedict's reagent Benedict's reagent (also called Benedict's solution or Benedict's test) is a chemical reagent named after an American chemist, Stanley Rossiter Benedict.[1] Benedict's reagent is used as a test for the presence of all monosaccharides, and generally also reducing sugars. These include glucose, galact...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Benedict%27s_reagent
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wikidoc
Bennett's fracture
Bennett's fracture # Overview The Bennett fracture is an intra-articular fracture of the base of the first metacarpal bone that separates the palmar ulnar aspect of the first metacarpal base from the remaining first metacarpal and known as the most common fracture found in the base of the thumb. The early diagnosis an...
Bennett's fracture Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammadmain Rezazadehsaatlou[2]. # Overview The Bennett fracture is an intra-articular fracture of the base of the first metacarpal bone that separates the palmar ulnar aspect of the first metacarpal base from the re...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bennett%27s_fracture
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wikidoc
Bernard J. Cigrand
Bernard J. Cigrand # Overview Dr. Bernard J. Cigrand, a dentist, has a strong claim to being considered the father of Flag Day in the United States. Cigrand, who lived from 1866 to 1932, practiced dentistry in Chicago and was the third dean of the University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry, serving in that...
Bernard J. Cigrand # Overview Dr. Bernard J. Cigrand, a dentist, has a strong claim to being considered the father of Flag Day in the United States. Cigrand, who lived from 1866 to 1932, practiced dentistry in Chicago and was the third dean of the University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry, serving in that...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bernard_J._Cigrand
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wikidoc
Beta-glucuronidase
Beta-glucuronidase Beta-glucuronidases are members of the glycosidase family of enzymes that catalyze breakdown of complex carbohydrates. Human β-glucuronidase is a type of glucuronidase (a member of glycosidase Family 2) that catalyzes hydrolysis of β-D-glucuronic acid residues from the non-reducing end of mucopolysac...
Beta-glucuronidase Beta-glucuronidases are members of the glycosidase family of enzymes that catalyze breakdown of complex carbohydrates.[2] Human β-glucuronidase is a type of glucuronidase (a member of glycosidase Family 2) that catalyzes hydrolysis of β-D-glucuronic acid residues from the non-reducing end of mucopol...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Beta-glucuronidase
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Betamethylfentanyl
Betamethylfentanyl β-Methylfentanyl is an opioid analgesic that is an analogue of fentanyl. β-Methylfentanyl was sold briefly on the black market in the early 1980s, before the introduction of the Federal Analog Act which for the first time attempted to control entire families of drugs based on their structural similar...
Betamethylfentanyl β-Methylfentanyl is an opioid analgesic that is an analogue of fentanyl. β-Methylfentanyl was sold briefly on the black market in the early 1980s, before the introduction of the Federal Analog Act which for the first time attempted to control entire families of drugs based on their structural simila...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Betamethylfentanyl
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wikidoc
Interferon beta-1b
Interferon beta-1b # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on Wi...
Interferon beta-1b Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Deepika Beereddy, MBBS [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is int...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Betaseron
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Betaxolol (tablet)
Betaxolol (tablet) # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on Wi...
Betaxolol (tablet) Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Alonso Alvarado, M.D. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is inte...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Betaxolol_(tablet)
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wikidoc
Bifascicular block
Bifascicular block # Overview Bifascicular block is a physiologic conduction interruption in the heart, in the main fascicles of the His-Purkinje system and below the atrioventricular nodes. # Historical Perspective - There is no historical perspective for bifascicular block in the literature. # Classification - Bif...
Bifascicular block Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shadi Ebrahimian, M.D.[2] Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [3] # Overview Bifascicular block is a physiologic conduction interruption in the heart, in the main fascicles of the His-Purkinje system and below the atrioventric...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bifascicular_block
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wikidoc
Bing–Neel syndrome
Bing–Neel syndrome # Overview Bing–Neel syndrome (BNS) is an extremely rare neurologic complication of Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM). It was first described in 1936 by Jens Bing and Axel Valdemar Neel, who observed a case of 2 women, 56 and 39 years old, presenting with rapid neurodegeneration in the setting of h...
Bing–Neel syndrome Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Bing–Neel syndrome (BNS) is an extremely rare neurologic complication of Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM). It was first described in 1936 by Jens Bing and Axel Valdemar Neel, who observed a case of 2 women, 56 and 39 years old, present...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bing-Neel_syndrome
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wikidoc
Biocrystallization
Biocrystallization Biocrystallization is the formation of crystals from organic macromolecules by living organisms. This may be a stress response, or a normal part of metabolism such as processes that dispose of waste compounds. Inhibitors of biocrystallization are of interest in drug design efforts against pathogens t...
Biocrystallization Biocrystallization is the formation of crystals from organic macromolecules by living organisms. This may be a stress response, or a normal part of metabolism such as processes that dispose of waste compounds. Inhibitors of biocrystallization are of interest in drug design efforts against pathogens ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Biocrystallization
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wikidoc
Biological pigment
Biological pigment # Overview In biology, a pigment or biochrome is any material resulting in color of plant or animal cells, which is the result of selective color absorption. Many biological structures, such as skin, eyes, fur and hair contain pigments (such as melanin) in specialized cells called chromatophores. Pi...
Biological pigment # Overview In biology, a pigment or biochrome is any material resulting in color of plant or animal cells, which is the result of selective color absorption. Many biological structures, such as skin, eyes, fur and hair contain pigments (such as melanin) in specialized cells called chromatophores. Pi...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Biological_pigment
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wikidoc
Biot's respiration
Biot's respiration # Overview Biot's respiration, sometimes also called cluster respiration, is an abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by groups of quick, shallow inspirations followed by regular or irregular periods of apnea. It is distinguished from ataxic respiration by having more regularity and similar-si...
Biot's respiration Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Biot's respiration, sometimes also called cluster respiration, is an abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by groups of quick, shallow inspirations followed by regular or irregular periods of apnea. It is distinguished from ataxic ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Biot%27s_Respirations
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wikidoc
Oral contraceptive
Oral contraceptive # Overview Oral contraceptives are medications taken by mouth for the purpose of birth control. # Types of Oral Contraceptives ## Female - Two types of female oral contraceptive pill are widely available: - The combined oral contraceptive pill contains oestrogen and a progestogen, and is taken onc...
Oral contraceptive Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Oral contraceptives are medications taken by mouth for the purpose of birth control. # Types of Oral Contraceptives ## Female - Two types of female oral contraceptive pill are widely available: - The combined oral contraceptive pill co...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Birth_control_pills
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Bismuth subgallate
Bismuth subgallate Bismuth subgallate, with a chemical formula C7H5BiO6, is the active ingredient in the over-the-counter medicine, Devrom that is an internal deodorant commonly used to treat malodor by deodorizing flatulence and stool. Also, it has been used to treat Helicobacter pylori infection and is used in wound...
Bismuth subgallate Bismuth subgallate, with a chemical formula C7H5BiO6, is the active ingredient in the over-the-counter medicine, Devrom that is an internal deodorant commonly used to treat malodor by deodorizing flatulence and stool. Also, it has been used to treat Helicobacter pylori infection and is used in woun...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bismuth_subgallate
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wikidoc
Bjork-Shiley valve
Bjork-Shiley valve The Bjork-Shiley valve is a mechanical heart valve prosthesis. Beginning in 1971, it has been used to replace the aortic or mitral valves. It marks the first example of a successfully used tilting-disc valve. It was manufactured first by Shiley Inc., then later by Pfizer after that company purchased...
Bjork-Shiley valve Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] The Bjork-Shiley valve is a mechanical heart valve prosthesis. Beginning in 1971, it has been used to replace the aortic or mitral valves. It marks the first example of a successfully used tilting-disc valve. It was manufactured first by Shiley Inc...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bjork-Shiley_valve
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wikidoc
Black band disease
Black band disease Black band disease is characterized by complete coral tissue degradation due to a pathogenic microbial consortium that appears as a dark red or black migrating microbial mat. The mat is present between apparently healthy coral tissue and freshly exposed coral skeleton. # Appearance The band color m...
Black band disease Black band disease is characterized by complete coral tissue degradation due to a pathogenic microbial consortium that appears as a dark red or black migrating microbial mat. The mat is present between apparently healthy coral tissue and freshly exposed coral skeleton. # Appearance The band color ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Black_band_disease
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wikidoc
Black hairy tongue
Black hairy tongue Black hairy tongue refers to a number of conditions of humans and animals that cause the tongue to become unusually dark and/or hairy in appearance. Black hairy tongue in humans is a harmless condition caused by a fungus which grows on the top surface of the tongue. It is associated with the elderly,...
Black hairy tongue Black hairy tongue refers to a number of conditions of humans and animals that cause the tongue to become unusually dark and/or hairy in appearance. Black hairy tongue in humans is a harmless condition caused by a fungus which grows on the top surface of the tongue.[1] It is associated with the elde...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Black_hairy_tongue
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wikidoc
Blindness
Blindness overview # Overview Blindness is the condition of lacking visual perception due to physiological or neurological factors. Various scales have been developed to describe the extent of vision loss and define "blindness." Total blindness is the complete lack of form and light perception and is clinically recor...
Blindness overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Saumya Easaw, M.B.B.S.[2] # Overview Blindness is the condition of lacking visual perception due to physiological or neurological factors. Various scales have been developed to describe the extent of vision loss and ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Blindness_overview
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Circulatory system
Circulatory system # Overview The circulatory system is an organ system that moves nutrients, gases, and wastes to and from cells, helps fight diseases and helps stabilize body temperature and pH to maintain homeostasis. This system may be seen strictly as a blood distribution network, but some consider the circulato...
Circulatory system Template:WikiDoc Cardiology News Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2] # Overview The circulatory system is an organ system that moves nutrients, gases, and wastes to and from cells, helps fight diseases and helps stabilize body ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Blood_circulation
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Blood oxygen level
Blood oxygen level # Overview Blood oxygen level is a term referring to the concentration of oxygen in the blood. The human body requires and regulates a very precise and specific balance of oxygen in the blood. This balance is maintained for the most part by chemical processes in the body to sustain aerobic metaboli...
Blood oxygen level Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Blood oxygen level is a term referring to the concentration of oxygen in the blood. The human body requires and regulates a very precise and specific balance of oxygen in the blood. This balance is maintained for the most part by chemic...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Blood_oxygen_level
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Blue baby syndrome
Blue baby syndrome Blue baby syndrome (or simply, blue baby) is a layman's term used to describe newborns with cyanotic conditions, such as - Cyanotic heart defects Tetralogy of Fallot Dextro-Transposition of the great arteries Hypoplastic left heart syndrome - Tetralogy of Fallot - Dextro-Transposition of the great ar...
Blue baby syndrome Blue baby syndrome (or simply, blue baby) is a layman's term used to describe newborns with cyanotic conditions, such as - Cyanotic heart defects Tetralogy of Fallot Dextro-Transposition of the great arteries Hypoplastic left heart syndrome - Tetralogy of Fallot - Dextro-Transposition of the great a...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Blue_baby_syndrome
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wikidoc
Copper(II) sulfate
Copper(II) sulfate # Overview Copper(II) sulfate is the chemical compound with the formula CuSO4. This salt exists as a series of compounds that differ in their degree of hydration. The anhydrous form is a pale green or gray-white powder, whereas the pentahydrate, the most commonly encountered salt, is bright blue. ...
Copper(II) sulfate Template:Chembox new Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Copper(II) sulfate is the chemical compound with the formula CuSO4. This salt exists as a series of compounds that differ in their degree of hydration. The anhydrous form is a pale green or gray-white powder, where...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Blue_vitriol
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wikidoc
Turkey coronavirus
Turkey coronavirus # Overview Turkey coronaviruses are members of the Coronaviridae family and infect turkey, especially poults, leading to gastrointestinal disease. The viruses are also known as: Turkey Enteritis Virus, Bluecomb Disease Virus, or Turkey Coronaviral Enteritis. Transmission is horizontal via the faeces...
Turkey coronavirus Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Turkey coronaviruses are members of the Coronaviridae family and infect turkey, especially poults, leading to gastrointestinal disease. The viruses are also known as: Turkey Enteritis Virus, Bluecomb Disease Virus, or Turkey Coronaviral ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bluecomb_disease_virus
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wikidoc
Bluetongue disease
Bluetongue disease Bluetongue disease (also called catarrhal fever) is a non-contagious, insect-borne viral disease of ruminants, mainly sheep and less frequently of cattle, goats, buffalo, deer, dromedaries and antelope. There are no reports of human transmission. It is caused by the Bluetongue virus. # Pathogen The ...
Bluetongue disease Template:Taxobox begin Template:Taxobox begin placement virus Template:Taxobox group iii entry Template:Taxobox familia entry Template:Taxobox genus entry Template:Taxobox species entry Template:Taxobox end placement Template:Taxobox end Bluetongue disease (also called catarrhal fever) is a non-cont...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bluetongue_disease
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wikidoc
Board review input
Board review input Please use this page to enter board review questions into our board review database. Category(s) that question belongs to (click on all that apply): Difficulty of question (Click on the appropriate radio button): WikiDoc Page(s) that the board review question is associated with (enter exact title of ...
Board review input Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Please use this page to enter board review questions into our board review database. Category(s) that question belongs to (click on all that apply):[Fields 1-5] Difficulty of question (Click on the appropriate radio button): [Field 6] WikiDoc Page(s...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Board_review_input
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Body cavity search
Body cavity search A body cavity search is either a visual search or a manual internal inspection of body cavities such as for prohibited material (contraband), such as illegal drugs, money, or weapons. It is far more invasive than the standard strip search that is typically performed on individuals taken into custody,...
Body cavity search A body cavity search is either a visual search or a manual internal inspection of body cavities such as for prohibited material (contraband), such as illegal drugs, money, or weapons. It is far more invasive than the standard strip search that is typically performed on individuals taken into custody...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Body_cavity_search
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Boltzmann constant
Boltzmann constant The Boltzmann constant (k or kB) is the physical constant relating energy at the particle level with temperature observed at the bulk level. It is the gas constant divided by the Avogadro constant: It has the same units as entropy. It is named after the Austrian physicist Ludwig Boltzmann. # Bridge...
Boltzmann constant The Boltzmann constant (k or kB) is the physical constant relating energy at the particle level with temperature observed at the bulk level. It is the gas constant divided by the Avogadro constant: It has the same units as entropy. It is named after the Austrian physicist Ludwig Boltzmann. # Bridg...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Boltzmann%27s_constant
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Molecular geometry
Molecular geometry Molecular geometry or molecular structure is the three-dimensional arrangement of the atoms that constitute a molecule, inferred from the spectroscopic studies of the compound. It determines several properties of a substance including its reactivity, polarity, phase of matter, color, magnetism, and b...
Molecular geometry Molecular geometry or molecular structure is the three-dimensional arrangement of the atoms that constitute a molecule, inferred from the spectroscopic studies of the compound. It determines several properties of a substance including its reactivity, polarity, phase of matter, color, magnetism, and ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bond_angle
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Bond dipole moment
Bond dipole moment The bond dipole moment is a measure for the polarity of a chemical bond within a molecule. The bond dipole μ is given by: The bond dipole is modeled as, +δ — δ- with a distance d between the partial charges +δ and δ-. It is a vector, pointing from minus to plus, that is parallel to the bond. Chemi...
Bond dipole moment The bond dipole moment is a measure for the polarity of a chemical bond within a molecule. The bond dipole μ is given by: The bond dipole is modeled as, +δ — δ- with a distance d between the partial charges +δ and δ-. It is a vector, pointing from minus to plus,[1] that is parallel to the bond. C...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bond_dipole_moment
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wikidoc
Semicircular canal
Semicircular canal # Overview The semicircular canals are three half-circular, interconnected tubes located inside each ear that are the equivalent of three gyroscopes located in three orthogonal planes. The vertical canals are positioned at an angle of about 100 degrees relative to one another, while the horizontal c...
Semicircular canal Template:Infobox Anatomy # Overview The semicircular canals are three half-circular, interconnected tubes located inside each ear that are the equivalent of three gyroscopes located in three orthogonal planes. The vertical canals are positioned at an angle of about 100 degrees relative to one anoth...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bony_semicircular_canals
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Brain stem gliomas
Brain stem gliomas For patient information on this page, click here Synonyms and keywords: Brainstem gliomata; brain stem glioma; brainstem glioma; brain stem gliomas; diffuse brainstem glioma; diffuse brainstem gliomas; diffuse brain stem glioma; diffuse brain stem gliomas; focal brainstem glioma; focal brain stem gli...
Brain stem gliomas For patient information on this page, click here Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shanshan Cen, M.D. [2]Sujit Routray, M.D. [3] Synonyms and keywords: Brainstem gliomata; brain stem glioma; brainstem glioma; brain stem gliomas; diffuse brainstem glioma;...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Brain_Stem_Gliomas
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Cerebral contusion
Cerebral contusion # Overview Cerebral contusion, Latin contusio cerebri, a form of traumatic brain injury, is a bruise of the brain tissue. Like bruises in other tissues, cerebral contusion can be caused by multiple microhemorrhages, small blood vessel leaks into brain tissue. Head CT scans of unconscious patients r...
Cerebral contusion Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Cerebral contusion, Latin contusio cerebri, a form of traumatic brain injury, is a bruise of the brain tissue. Like bruises in other tissues, cerebral contusion can be caused by multiple microhemorrhages, small blood vessel leaks into b...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Brain_contusion
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wikidoc
Neural development
Neural development The study of neural development draws on both neuroscience and developmental biology to describe the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which complex nervous systems emerge during embryonic development and throughout life. Some landmarks of embryonic neural development include the birth and differe...
Neural development Template:Portalpar The study of neural development draws on both neuroscience and developmental biology to describe the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which complex nervous systems emerge during embryonic development and throughout life. Some landmarks of embryonic neural development include t...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Brain_development
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wikidoc
Brain fag syndrome
Brain fag syndrome # Overview Brain fag syndrome (BFS) was described by RH Prince in 1960. It was first discovered in Nigeria, describing high school and university students with symptoms including somatic, sleep-related and cognitive complaints, head and neck pains, difficulty in concentrating and retaining informat...
Brain fag syndrome Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Brain fag syndrome (BFS) was described by RH Prince in 1960.[1] It was first discovered in Nigeria,[1] describing high school and university students[2] with symptoms including somatic, sleep-related and cognitive complaints, head and n...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Brain_fag_syndrome
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wikidoc
Locked-In syndrome
Locked-In syndrome Synonyms and keywords: maladie de l'emmuré vivant, closest thing to being buried alive; Cerebromedullospinal Disconnection; De-Efferented State; Pseudocoma; and ventral pontine syndrome. # Overview Locked-In syndrome is a condition in which a patient is aware and awake, but cannot move or communicat...
Locked-In syndrome Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Synonyms and keywords: maladie de l'emmuré vivant, closest thing to being buried alive; Cerebromedullospinal Disconnection;[1] De-Efferented State; Pseudocoma;[2] and ventral pontine syndrome. # Overview Locked-In syndrome is a condition in which a...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Brain_stem_stroke
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wikidoc
Breast engorgement
Breast engorgement # Overview Breast engorgement occurs in the mammary glands when too much breast milk is contained within them. It is caused by insufficient breastfeeding and/or blocked milk ducts. When engorged the breasts may swell, throb, and cause mild to extreme pain. Engorgement may lead to mastitis (inflamm...
Breast engorgement Template:DiseaseDisorder infobox Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Breast engorgement occurs in the mammary glands when too much breast milk is contained within them. It is caused by insufficient breastfeeding and/or blocked milk ducts. When engorged the breasts may sw...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Breast_engorgement
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wikidoc
Breast examination
Breast examination # Overview The breast is made up of milk producing glands that are arranged into units known as lobules. These glands are connected via a series of ducts that ultimately join up to form a common drainage path, terminating at the nipple. The nipple is surrounded by a ring of pigmented tissue known as...
Breast examination Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview The breast is made up of milk producing glands that are arranged into units known as lobules. These glands are connected via a series of ducts that ultimately join up to form a common drainage path, terminating at the nipple. The nipple ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Breast_examination
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wikidoc
Breusch-Pagan test
Breusch-Pagan test # Overview In statistics, the Breusch-Pagan test is used to test for heteroskedasticity in a linear regression model. It tests whether the estimated variance of the residuals from a regression are dependent on the values of the independent variables. Suppose that we estimate the equation y = x_0 + ...
Breusch-Pagan test Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview In statistics, the Breusch-Pagan test is used to test for heteroskedasticity in a linear regression model. It tests whether the estimated variance of the residuals from a regression are dependent on the values of the independent variabl...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Breusch-Pagan_statistic
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wikidoc
Bridge (dentistry)
Bridge (dentistry) # Overview A dental bridge, otherwise known as a fixed partial denture, is a prosthesis used to replace missing teeth and is not removable by the patient. A prosthesis that is removable by the patient is called a removable partial denture. A dental bridge is fabricated by reducing the teeth on eit...
Bridge (dentistry) # Overview A dental bridge, otherwise known as a fixed partial denture, is a prosthesis used to replace missing teeth and is not removable by the patient. A prosthesis that is removable by the patient is called a removable partial denture. A dental bridge is fabricated by reducing the teeth on eit...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bridge_(dentistry)
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wikidoc
Expressive aphasia
Expressive aphasia # Overview Expressive aphasia, known as Broca's aphasia in clinical neuropsychology and agrammatic aphasia in cognitive neuropsychology, is an aphasia caused by damage to anterior regions of the brain, including (but not limited to) the left inferior frontal region known as Broca's area (Brodmann ar...
Expressive aphasia Template:DiseaseDisorder infobox Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Expressive aphasia, known as Broca's aphasia in clinical neuropsychology and agrammatic aphasia in cognitive neuropsychology, is an aphasia caused by damage to anterior regions of the brain, including (bu...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Broca%27s
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wikidoc
Brock Air Services
Brock Air Services Brock Air Services is a Canadian charter and Medivac airline based in Kingston, Ontario. # History The airline was founded in 1978. # Operations Brock Air Services operates on-demand air charter services at Kingston Airport and Brockville Municipal Airport. The airline provides air ambulance servic...
Brock Air Services Template:Infobox Airline Brock Air Services is a Canadian charter and Medivac airline based in Kingston, Ontario.[1][2] # History The airline was founded in 1978.[3] # Operations Brock Air Services operates on-demand air charter services at Kingston Airport and Brockville Municipal Airport.[3] The...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Brock_Air_Services
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wikidoc
Brownout (medical)
Brownout (medical) Synonyms and keywords: greying out; brown out; grey-out # Overview A brownout, or grey-out, is a transient loss of vision characterized by a perceived dimming of light accompanied by a brown hue and a loss of peripheral vision. It is a precursor to fainting or a blackout and is caused by hypoxia, a ...
Brownout (medical) Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Synonyms and keywords: greying out; brown out; grey-out # Overview A brownout, or grey-out, is a transient loss of vision characterized by a perceived dimming of light accompanied by a brown hue and a loss of peripheral vision. It is a precursor to...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Brown_out
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wikidoc
Epstein Barr virus
Epstein Barr virus Related Key Words and Synonyms: EBV # Overview The Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), also called Human herpesvirus 4 (HHV-4), is a virus of the herpes family (which includes Herpes simplex virus and Cytomegalovirus), and is one of the most common viruses in humans. Most people become infected with EBV, whic...
Epstein Barr virus Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2] Related Key Words and Synonyms: EBV # Overview The Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), also called Human herpesvirus 4 (HHV-4), is a virus of the herpes family (which includes Herpes simplex virus and...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Burkitt%27s_lymphoma_virus
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wikidoc
Buspirone overdose
Buspirone overdose # Overdosage topics Signs and symptoms - Mortality Recommended overdose treatment ## Signs and symptoms In clinical pharmacology trials, doses as high as 375 mg/day were administered to healthy male volunteers. As this dose was approached, the following symptoms were observed: nausea, vomiting, diz...
Buspirone overdose Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overdosage topics Signs and symptoms - Mortality Recommended overdose treatment ## Signs and symptoms In clinical pharmacology trials, doses as high as 375 mg/day were administered to healthy male volunteers. As this dose was approached, the fol...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Buspirone_overdose
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wikidoc
Butterfly vertebra
Butterfly vertebra # Overview Butterfly vertebrae result from the failure of fusion of the lateral halves of the vertebral body because of persistent notochondal tissue between them. Anterior spina bifida, with on without anterior meninogocele, may be associated with a butterfly vertebra. # Diagnosis ## X-ray - The ...
Butterfly vertebra Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Butterfly vertebrae result from the failure of fusion of the lateral halves of the vertebral body because of persistent notochondal tissue between them. Anterior spina bifida, with on without anterior meninogocele, may be associated with...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Butterfly_vertebra
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wikidoc
Buxus sempervirens
Buxus sempervirens Buxus sempervirens (Common Box or European Box; also as Boxwood) is a flowering plant in the genus Buxus, native to western and southern Europe, northwest Africa, and southwest Asia, from southern England south to northern Morocco, and east through the northern Mediterranean region to Turkey. It is a...
Buxus sempervirens Buxus sempervirens (Common Box or European Box; also as Boxwood) is a flowering plant in the genus Buxus, native to western and southern Europe, northwest Africa, and southwest Asia, from southern England south to northern Morocco, and east through the northern Mediterranean region to Turkey. It is ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Buxus_sempervirens
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wikidoc
Bürgi-Dunitz angle
Bürgi-Dunitz angle The Bürgi-Dunitz angle describes the angle of attack of a nucleophile at a carbonyl center. The angle was named after H. B. Bürgi and J.D. Dunitz, its principal investigators. The Bürgi-Dunitz angle depends not upon the nature of the nucleophile but, instead, is an intrinsic property of carbonyl cen...
Bürgi-Dunitz angle The Bürgi-Dunitz angle describes the angle of attack of a nucleophile at a carbonyl center. The angle was named after H. B. Bürgi and J.D. Dunitz, its principal investigators. The Bürgi-Dunitz angle depends not upon the nature of the nucleophile but, instead, is an intrinsic property of carbonyl ce...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/B%C3%BCrgi-Dunitz_angle
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wikidoc
Carbon-oxygen bond
Carbon-oxygen bond A carbon-oxygen bond is a covalent bond between carbon and oxygen and one of the most abundant in organic chemistry and biochemistry . Oxygen has 6 valence electrons and prefers to share two electrons in bonding with carbon, leaving the remaining 4 nonbonding in 2 lone pairs. The simplest representat...
Carbon-oxygen bond A carbon-oxygen bond is a covalent bond between carbon and oxygen and one of the most abundant in organic chemistry and biochemistry [1]. Oxygen has 6 valence electrons and prefers to share two electrons in bonding with carbon, leaving the remaining 4 nonbonding in 2 lone pairs. The simplest represe...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/C-O_bond
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wikidoc
C-reactive protein
C-reactive protein C-reactive protein (CRP) is an annular (ring-shaped), pentameric protein found in blood plasma, whose levels rise in response to inflammation. It is an acute-phase protein of hepatic origin that increases following interleukin-6 secretion by macrophages and T cells. Its physiological role is to bind ...
C-reactive protein C-reactive protein (CRP) is an annular (ring-shaped), pentameric protein found in blood plasma, whose levels rise in response to inflammation. It is an acute-phase protein of hepatic origin that increases following interleukin-6 secretion by macrophages and T cells. Its physiological role is to bind...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/C-Reactive_Protein
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wikidoc
Cervical vertebrae
Cervical vertebrae # Overview In vertebrates, cervical vertebrae (singular: vertebra) are those vertebrae immediately behind (caudal to) the skull. # Variation among species In some species, some parts of the skull may be composed of vertebra-like elements, e.g. the occipital bone in humans is composed of four verteb...
Cervical vertebrae Template:Infobox Bone Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview In vertebrates, cervical vertebrae (singular: vertebra) are those vertebrae immediately behind (caudal to) the skull. # Variation among species In some species, some parts of the skull may be composed of vertebra-l...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/C-spine
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wikidoc
C3 carbon fixation
C3 carbon fixation This reaction occurs in all plants as the first step of the Calvin cycle. In ] plants, carbon dioxide is drawn out of malate and into this reaction rather than directly from the air. Plants that survive solely on Template:C3 fixation (Template:C3 plants) tend to thrive in areas where sunlight intensi...
C3 carbon fixation Template:C3 carbon fixation is a metabolic pathway for carbon fixation in photosynthesis. This process converts carbon dioxide and ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP, a 5-carbon sugar) into 3-phosphoglycerate through the following reaction: This reaction occurs in all plants as the first step of the Calvin...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/C3_carbon_fixation
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wikidoc
C4 carbon fixation
C4 carbon fixation C4 carbon fixation is one of three biochemical mechanisms, along with C3 and CAM photosynthesis, functioning in land plants to "fix" carbon dioxide (binding the gaseous molecules to dissolved compounds inside the plant) for sugar production through photosynthesis. Along with CAM photosynthesis, C4 f...
C4 carbon fixation Template:Tfd C4 carbon fixation is one of three biochemical mechanisms, along with C3 and CAM photosynthesis, functioning in land plants to "fix" carbon dioxide (binding the gaseous molecules to dissolved compounds inside the plant) for sugar production through photosynthesis. Along with CAM photos...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/C4_carbon_fixation
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wikidoc
CAGE questionnaire
CAGE questionnaire # Overview The CAGE questionnaire, among other methods, has been extensively validated for use in identifying alcoholism. CAGE is considered a validated screening technique, with one study determining that it CAGE test scores >=2 had a sensitivity of 93% and a specificity of 76% for the identificati...
CAGE questionnaire Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview The CAGE questionnaire, among other methods, has been extensively validated for use in identifying alcoholism.[1] CAGE is considered a validated screening technique, with one study determining that it CAGE test scores >=2 had a sensitivi...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/CAGE_questionnaire
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wikidoc
Coronary care unit
Coronary care unit # Overview A coronary care unit (CCU) is an area of a hospital specialized in the care of patients who are critically ill with heart disease. The CCU is a subset or subtype of intensive care unit (ICU) care. The role of the coronary care unit (CCU) varies tremendously between hospital centers. In s...
Coronary care unit For patient information click here Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview A coronary care unit (CCU) is an area of a hospital specialized in the care of patients who are critically ill with heart disease. The CCU is a subset or subtype of intensive care unit (ICU) care. The ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/CCU
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wikidoc
CHA2DS2-VASc Score
CHA2DS2-VASc Score # Overview The CHA2DS2-VASc score predicts clinical risk of stroke and thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation. The CHA2DS2-VASc score has been recommended in the 2010 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines, which promotes a risk factor based approach to stroke prevention, and de-emphasises...
CHA2DS2-VASc Score Template:Seealso Editors-in-Chief: Gregory Lip, MD [1] and C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sadaf Sharfaei M.D.[3] # Overview The CHA2DS2-VASc score [Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age ≥75 years (doubled), Diabetes mellitus, Stroke (doubled), Vascular disea...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/CHA2-DS2-VASc_score
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wikidoc
Calcaneal fracture
Calcaneal fracture Synonyms and Keywords: Heel Bone Fracture # Overview The calcaneus bone known as the largest tarsal bone. # Historical Perspective There are no reliable information regarding the historical perspective of the calcaneus bone fracture : In the early 1700s, The first modern discussions of the fractur...
Calcaneal fracture Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammadmain Rezazadehsaatlou[2]. Synonyms and Keywords: Heel Bone Fracture # Overview The calcaneus bone known as the largest tarsal bone. # Historical Perspective There are no reliable information regarding the hi...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Calcaneal_fracture
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wikidoc
Calcitonin (nasal)
Calcitonin (nasal) # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on Wi...
Calcitonin (nasal) Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Calcitonin_(nasal)
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wikidoc
Calcium in biology
Calcium in biology # Overview Calcium plays a vital role in the anatomy, physiology and biochemistry of organisms and of the cell, particularly in signal transduction pathways. The skeleton acts as a major mineral storage site for the element and releases Ca2+ ions into the bloodstream under controlled conditions. Ci...
Calcium in biology # Overview Calcium plays a vital role in the anatomy, physiology and biochemistry of organisms and of the cell, particularly in signal transduction pathways. The skeleton acts as a major mineral storage site for the element and releases Ca2+ ions into the bloodstream under controlled conditions. Ci...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Calcium_(second_messenger)
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wikidoc
Mineral ascorbates
Mineral ascorbates Mineral ascorbates are salts of ascorbic acid (aka vitamin C). They are powders manufactured by reacting ascorbic acid with mineral carbonates in aqueous solutions, venting the carbon dioxide, drying the reaction product, and then milling the dried product to the desired particle size. The choice of...
Mineral ascorbates Mineral ascorbates are salts of ascorbic acid (aka vitamin C). They are powders manufactured by reacting ascorbic acid with mineral carbonates in aqueous solutions, venting the carbon dioxide, drying the reaction product, and then milling the dried product to the desired particle size. The choice o...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Calcium_ascorbate
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wikidoc
Calculator project
Calculator project # Overview Calculators are assessment tools based on evidence-based practice for a specific group of patients with a clinical course, in which the different tasks (interventions) by the professionals involved in the patient care are defined, optimized and sequenced. The use of calculators in hospita...
Calculator project Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sadaf Sharfaei M.D.[2] # Overview Calculators are assessment tools based on evidence-based practice for a specific group of patients with a clinical course, in which the different tasks (interventions) by the profess...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Calculator_project
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wikidoc
Calea zacatechichi
Calea zacatechichi Calea zacatechichi, also known as Dream Herb, Cheech, and Bitter Grass, is a plant used by the indigenous Chontal of the Mexican state of Oaxaca for oneiromancy (a form of divination based on dreams.) It has been scientifically demonstrated that extracts of this plant increase reaction times and the ...
Calea zacatechichi Calea zacatechichi, also known as Dream Herb, Cheech, and Bitter Grass, is a plant used by the indigenous Chontal of the Mexican state of Oaxaca for oneiromancy (a form of divination based on dreams.) It has been scientifically demonstrated that extracts of this plant increase reaction times and the...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Calea_zacatechichi
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wikidoc
Corpus callosotomy
Corpus callosotomy # Overview Corpus callosotomy (or less frequently, callotomy) is a surgical procedure that disconnects the cerebral hemispheres, resulting in a condition called split-brain. Most modern callosotomies involve only the anterior portion of the corpus callosum, reflecting the fact that the frontal and t...
Corpus callosotomy Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Corpus callosotomy (or less frequently, callotomy) is a surgical procedure that disconnects the cerebral hemispheres, resulting in a condition called split-brain. Most modern callosotomies involve only the anterior portion of the corpus ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Callosotomy
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wikidoc
Calponin 3, acidic
Calponin 3, acidic Calponin 3. acidic is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CNN3 gene. The CNN3 gene is located at 1p22-p21 in the human chromosomal genome. CNN3 gene contains 7 exons and encodes calponin 3, a 36.4-kDa protein consisting of 329 amino acids with isoelectric point (pI) of 5.84. Calponin 3 is know...
Calponin 3, acidic Calponin 3. acidic is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CNN3 gene. The CNN3 gene is located at 1p22-p21[1] in the human chromosomal genome. CNN3 gene contains 7 exons and encodes calponin 3, a 36.4-kDa protein consisting of 329 amino acids with isoelectric point (pI) of 5.84. Calponin 3 is ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Calponin_3,_acidic
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wikidoc
Camillian Hospital
Camillian Hospital Camillian Hospital (called also "San Camillo Hospital") - small private hospital in Bangkok (Thailand), founded by catholic missionaries - camillians. Located in Watthana district. There are general practice and special care facilities. The hospital is operated by Saint Camillus Foundation of Thailan...
Camillian Hospital Camillian Hospital (called also "San Camillo Hospital") - small private hospital in Bangkok (Thailand), founded by catholic missionaries - camillians. Located in Watthana district. There are general practice and special care facilities. The hospital is operated by Saint Camillus Foundation of Thaila...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Camillian_Hospital
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wikidoc
Pineal gland tumor
Pineal gland tumor Synonyms and keywords: Pineal gland tumors; Pineal gland cancer; Pineal gland cancers; Pineal gland neoplasm; Pineal gland neoplasms; Neoplasm of the pineal gland; Neoplasms of the pineal gland; Cancer of the pineal gland; Cancers of the pineal gland # Overview The pineal gland is an endocrine gland...
Pineal gland tumor Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Fahimeh Shojaei, M.D., Sujit Routray, M.D. [2], Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [3] Synonyms and keywords: Pineal gland tumors; Pineal gland cancer; Pineal gland cancers; Pineal gland neoplasm; Pineal gland neoplasms; Neoplasm ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cancer_of_pineal_gland
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wikidoc
White sponge nevus
White sponge nevus # Overview White sponge nevus, also known as Cannon's disease or Hereditary leukokeratosis of mucosa, appears to follow a hereditary pattern as an autosomal dominant trait. Although it is congenital in most cases, it can occur in childhood or adolescence. # Pathophysiology It is caused by a mutatio...
White sponge nevus # Overview White sponge nevus, also known as Cannon's disease or Hereditary leukokeratosis of mucosa, appears to follow a hereditary pattern as an autosomal dominant trait. Although it is congenital in most cases, it can occur in childhood or adolescence. # Pathophysiology It is caused by a mutatio...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cannon%27s_disease
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wikidoc
Cannon-Bard theory
Cannon-Bard theory # Overview The Cannon-Bard theory is a psychological theory developed by psychologists Walter Cannon and Philip Bard, which suggests that people feel emotions first and then act upon them. These actions include changes in muscular tension, perspiration, etc. The theory was formulated following the i...
Cannon-Bard theory # Overview The Cannon-Bard theory is a psychological theory developed by psychologists Walter Cannon and Philip Bard, which suggests that people feel emotions first and then act upon them. These actions include changes in muscular tension, perspiration, etc. The theory was formulated following the i...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cannon-Bard_theory
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wikidoc
Vascular anomalies
Vascular anomalies For information on vascular tumors, click here. For information on vascular malformations, click here. For information on provisionally unclassified vascular anomalies, click here. # Overview Vascular anomalies constitute a wide array of disorders ranging from benign lesions such as infantile hemang...
Vascular anomalies For information on vascular tumors, click here. For information on vascular malformations, click here. For information on provisionally unclassified vascular anomalies, click here. Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hannan Javed, M.D.[2], Anmol Pitliy...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Capillaries_anomalies
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wikidoc
Capsule (pharmacy)
Capsule (pharmacy) In the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, encapsulation refers to a range of techniques used to enclose medicines in a relatively stable shell known as a capsule, allowing them to, for example, be taken orally or be used as suppositories. The two main types of capsules are hard-shelled capsules, which a...
Capsule (pharmacy) In the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, encapsulation refers to a range of techniques used to enclose medicines in a relatively stable shell known as a capsule, allowing them to, for example, be taken orally or be used as suppositories. The two main types of capsules are hard-shelled capsules, which ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Capsule_(pharmacy)
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wikidoc
Carbon-carbon bond
Carbon-carbon bond # Overview A carbon-carbon bond is a covalent bond between two carbon atoms. The most common form is the single bond – a bond composed of two electrons, one from each of the two atoms. The carbon-carbon single bond is a sigma bond and is said to be formed between one sp3 hybridized orbital from eac...
Carbon-carbon bond # Overview A carbon-carbon bond is a covalent bond between two carbon atoms. The most common form is the single bond – a bond composed of two electrons, one from each of the two atoms. The carbon-carbon single bond is a sigma bond and is said to be formed between one sp3 hybridized orbital from eac...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carbon-carbon_bond
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wikidoc
Radiocarbon dating
Radiocarbon dating Radiocarbon dating is a radiometric dating method that uses the naturally occurring radioisotope carbon-14 (14C) to determine the age of carbonaceous materials up to about 60,000 years. Raw, i.e. uncalibrated, radiocarbon ages are usually reported in radiocarbon years "Before Present" (BP), "Present"...
Radiocarbon dating Radiocarbon dating is a radiometric dating method that uses the naturally occurring radioisotope carbon-14 (14C) to determine the age of carbonaceous materials up to about 60,000 years.[1] Raw, i.e. uncalibrated, radiocarbon ages are usually reported in radiocarbon years "Before Present" (BP), "Pres...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carbon_dating
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wikidoc
Carbon tetraiodide
Carbon tetraiodide Carbon tetraiodide is CI4, a tetrahalomethane. Being bright red, it is a relatively rare example of a highly colored methane derivative. It is only 2% by weight carbon, although other methane derivatives are known with still less carbon. The tetrahedral molecule features C-I distances of 2.12 ± 0.02...
Carbon tetraiodide Template:Chembox new Carbon tetraiodide is CI4, a tetrahalomethane. Being bright red, it is a relatively rare example of a highly colored methane derivative. It is only 2% by weight carbon, although other methane derivatives are known with still less carbon. The tetrahedral molecule features C-I dis...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carbon_tetraiodide
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wikidoc
Carbonic anhydrase
Carbonic anhydrase Carbonic anhydrase (carbonate dehydratase) is a family of metalloenzymes (enzymes that contain one or more metal atoms as a functional component of the enzyme) that catalyze the rapid conversion of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and protons, a reaction that occurs rather slowly in the absence of a cat...
Carbonic anhydrase Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Carbonic anhydrase (carbonate dehydratase) is a family of metalloenzymes (enzymes that contain one or more metal atoms as a functional component of the enzyme) that catalyze the rapid conversion of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and protons, a reacti...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carbonic_anhydrase
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wikidoc
Carboxylesterase 1
Carboxylesterase 1 Liver carboxylesterase 1 also known as carboxylesterase 1 (CES1, hCE-1 or CES1A1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CES1 gene. The protein is also historically known as serine esterase 1 (SES1), monocyte esterase and cholesterol ester hydrolase (CEH). Three transcript variants encoding t...
Carboxylesterase 1 Liver carboxylesterase 1 also known as carboxylesterase 1 (CES1, hCE-1 or CES1A1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CES1 gene.[1][2] The protein is also historically known as serine esterase 1 (SES1), monocyte esterase and cholesterol ester hydrolase (CEH). Three transcript variants enc...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carboxylesterase_1
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wikidoc
Carboxypeptidase E
Carboxypeptidase E Carboxypeptidase E (CPE), also known as carboxypeptidase H (CPH) and enkephalin convertase, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CPE gene. This enzyme catalyzes the release of C-terminal arginine or lysine residues from polypeptides. CPE is involved in the biosynthesis of most neuropeptides ...
Carboxypeptidase E Carboxypeptidase E (CPE), also known as carboxypeptidase H (CPH) and enkephalin convertase, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CPE gene[1]. This enzyme catalyzes the release of C-terminal arginine or lysine residues from polypeptides. CPE is involved in the biosynthesis of most neuropepti...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carboxypeptidase_E
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wikidoc
Cardiac herniation
Cardiac herniation Pericardial rupture with cardiac herniation is a rare, highly lethal injury with most patients dying before arrival at a hospital. Diagnosis in survivors is often delayed because initial chest radiography results are normal or show nonspecific abnormalities before cardiac herniation through the peric...
Cardiac herniation Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Pericardial rupture with cardiac herniation is a rare, highly lethal injury with most patients dying before arrival at a hospital. Diagnosis in survivors is often delayed because initial chest radiography results are normal or show nonspecific abnor...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cardiac_herniation
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wikidoc
Cardiac monitoring
Cardiac monitoring - The phrase cardiac monitoring generally refers to continuous electrocardiography with assessment of the patients condition relative to their cardiac rhythm. - It is different from hemodynamic monitoring which monitors the pressure and flow of blood within the circulatory system. The two may be perf...
Cardiac monitoring Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] - The phrase cardiac monitoring generally refers to continuous electrocardiography with assessment of the patients condition relative to their cardiac rhythm. - It is different from hemodynamic monitoring which monitors the pressure and flow of bloo...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cardiac_monitoring
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wikidoc
Cardiac syndrome X
Cardiac syndrome X Synonyms and key words: Microvascular angina # Overview Cardiac syndrome X is angina associated with objective evidence of myocardial ischemia in the absence of epicardial coronary artery disease. Syndrome X has been hypothesized to be a disorder of the coronary microvasculature rather than the la...
Cardiac syndrome X Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Synonyms and key words: Microvascular angina # Overview Cardiac syndrome X is angina associated with objective evidence of myocardial ischemia in the absence of epicardial coronary artery disease. Syndrome X has been hypothesized to be a disorder...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cardiac_syndrome_X
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wikidoc
Carnivorous fungus
Carnivorous fungus Carnivorous fungi are fungi that derive some or most of their nutrients from trapping and digesting microscopic or other minute animals. More than 200 species have been described, belonging to the phyla Ascomycota, Mucoromycotina, and Basidiomycota. They usually live in soil and many species trap or ...
Carnivorous fungus Carnivorous fungi are fungi that derive some or most of their nutrients from trapping and digesting microscopic or other minute animals.[1] More than 200 species have been described, belonging to the phyla Ascomycota, Mucoromycotina, and Basidiomycota. They usually live in soil and many species trap...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carnivorous_fungus
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wikidoc
Cartoid body tumor
Cartoid body tumor Synonyms and keywords: Tumor of the carotid body; # Overview # Historical Perspective - Carotid body tumor was first discovered by , a , in during/following . - In , mutations were first identified in the pathogenesis of . - In , the first was developed by to treat/diagnose . # Classification ...
Cartoid body tumor Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2] Synonyms and keywords: Tumor of the carotid body; # Overview # Historical Perspective - Carotid body tumor was first discovered by [scientist name], a [nationality + occupation], i...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cartoid_body_tumor
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wikidoc
Case–control study
Case–control study Case-control is a type of epidemiological study design. Case-control studies are used to identify factors that may contribute to a medical condition by comparing subjects who have that condition (the 'cases') with patients who do not have the condition but are otherwise similar (the 'controls'). Case...
Case–control study Case-control is a type of epidemiological study design. Case-control studies are used to identify factors that may contribute to a medical condition by comparing subjects who have that condition (the 'cases') with patients who do not have the condition but are otherwise similar (the 'controls').[1] ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Case%E2%80%93control_study
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wikidoc
Castration anxiety
Castration anxiety # Overview Castration anxiety is the fear of emasculation in both the literal and metaphorical sense. Castration anxiety is an overwhelming fear of damage to, or loss of, the penis; one of Sigmund Freud's earliest psychoanalytic theories. Although Freud regarded castration anxiety as a universal hum...
Castration anxiety Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Castration anxiety is the fear of emasculation in both the literal and metaphorical sense. Castration anxiety is an overwhelming fear of damage to, or loss of, the penis; one of Sigmund Freud's earliest psychoanalytic theories.[1] Althou...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Castration_anxiety
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wikidoc
Cefotetan disodium
Cefotetan disodium # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on Wi...
Cefotetan disodium Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Gloria Picoy [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to b...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cefotan
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Celecoxib overdose
Celecoxib overdose # Overdose topics General Treatment ## General No overdoses of CELEBREX were reported during clinical trials. Doses up to 2400 mg/day for up to 10 days in 12 patients did not result in serious toxicity. Symptoms following acute NSAID overdoses are usually limited to lethargy, drowsiness, nausea, vo...
Celecoxib overdose Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overdose topics General Treatment ## General No overdoses of CELEBREX were reported during clinical trials. Doses up to 2400 mg/day for up to 10 days in 12 patients did not result in serious toxicity. Symptoms following acute NSAID overdoses are...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Celecoxib_overdose
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Cerberus (protein)
Cerberus (protein) Cerberus also known as CER1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CER1 gene. Cerberus is a signaling molecule which contributes to the formation of the head, heart and left and right asymmetry of internal organs. This gene varies slightly from species to species but its overall functions seem...
Cerberus (protein) Cerberus also known as CER1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CER1 gene.[1][2] Cerberus is a signaling molecule which contributes to the formation of the head, heart and left and right asymmetry of internal organs. This gene varies slightly from species to species but its overall functio...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cerberus_(protein)
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Zellweger syndrome
Zellweger syndrome # Overview Zellweger syndrome is one of a group of four related diseases called peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBD), which are part of a larger group of diseases known as the leukodystrophies. These are inherited conditions that damage the white matter of the brain and also affect how the body me...
Zellweger syndrome Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: # Overview Zellweger syndrome is one of a group of four related diseases called peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBD), which are part of a larger group of diseases known as the leukodystrophies. These are inherited c...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cerebrohepatorenal_syndrome
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Nurse practitioner
Nurse practitioner # Overview A nurse practitioner is a registered nurse who has completed specific advanced nursing education (generally a master's degree) and training in the diagnosis and management of common medical conditions. Nurse practitioners provide a broad range of health care services. Nurse Practitioners ...
Nurse practitioner # Overview A nurse practitioner is a registered nurse who has completed specific advanced nursing education (generally a master's degree) and training in the diagnosis and management of common medical conditions. Nurse practitioners provide a broad range of health care services. Nurse Practitioners ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Certified_nurse_practitioner