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Breast reduction
Breast reduction # Overview Breast reduction, or reduction mammoplasty, is a surgical procedure which involves the reduction in the size of breasts by excising fat, skin, and glandular tissue; it may also involve a procedure to counteract drooping of the breasts. As with breast augmentation, this procedure is perform...
Breast reduction Editors-In-Chief: Martin I. Newman, M.D., FACS, Cleveland Clinic Florida, [1]; Michel C. Samson, M.D., FRCSC, FACS [2] # Overview Breast reduction, or reduction mammoplasty, is a surgical procedure which involves the reduction in the size of breasts by excising fat, skin, and glandular tissue; it ma...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Breast_reduction
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Fibroadenolipoma
Fibroadenolipoma Synonyms and keywords: Hamartoma of the breast; breast with in a breast # Overview Fibroadenolipoma is the benign proliferation of fibrous, glandular, and fatty tissue surrounded by a thin capsule of connective tissue. Majority of these lesions occur in women over 35 years of age. When the lesion is a...
Fibroadenolipoma Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Synonyms and keywords: Hamartoma of the breast; breast with in a breast # Overview Fibroadenolipoma is the benign proliferation of fibrous, glandular, and fatty tissue surrounded by a thin capsule of connective tissue. Majority of these lesions occur...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Breast_with_in_a_breast
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wikidoc
Respiratory rate
Respiratory rate # Overview The respiratory rate (or respiration rate) is the number of breaths a living being, such as a human, takes per minute. There is only limited research on monitoring respiratory rate, and these studies have focused on such issues as the inaccuracy of respiratory rate measurement and respirato...
Respiratory rate Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview The respiratory rate (or respiration rate) is the number of breaths a living being, such as a human, takes per minute. There is only limited research on monitoring respiratory rate, and these studies have focused on such issues as the inac...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Breathing_rate
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wikidoc
Bright's disease
Bright's disease Bright's disease is a historical classification of kidney diseases that would be described in modern medicine as acute or chronic nephritis. The term is no longer used, as diseases are now classified according to their more fully understood etiologies. It is typically denoted by the presence of serum a...
Bright's disease Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Bright's disease is a historical classification of kidney diseases that would be described in modern medicine as acute or chronic nephritis. The term is no longer used, as diseases are now classified according to their more fully understood etiologies...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bright%27s_Disease
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Brodie's abscess
Brodie's abscess Brodie's abscess is a subacute osteomyelitis, which may persist for years before converting to a frank osteomyelitis. Classically, this may present after conversion as a draining abscess extending from the tibia out through the shin. Most frequent causitive organism is Staphylococcus aureus. Classic cl...
Brodie's abscess Brodie's abscess is a subacute osteomyelitis, which may persist for years before converting to a frank osteomyelitis. Classically, this may present after conversion as a draining abscess extending from the tibia out through the shin. Most frequent causitive organism is Staphylococcus aureus. Classic c...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Brodie%27s_Abscess
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Brodmann area 10
Brodmann area 10 # Overview Brodmann area 10, or BA10, is part of the frontal cortex in the human brain. BA10 encompasses the most anterior part of the frontal cortex, known as the frontopolar region. This area is believed to play a part in strategic processes involved in memory retrieval and executive function. This ...
Brodmann area 10 Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Brodmann area 10, or BA10, is part of the frontal cortex in the human brain. BA10 encompasses the most anterior part of the frontal cortex, known as the frontopolar region. This area is believed to play a part in strategic processes involv...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Brodmann_area_10
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Brodmann area 22
Brodmann area 22 # Overview Brodmann area 22 is one of Brodmann's cytologically defined regions of the brain. It is involved in auditory processing. # Human Brodmann area 22 is a region of the human brain (the 22nd numbered Brodmann area). On the left side of the brain this area helps with generation and understand...
Brodmann area 22 # Overview Brodmann area 22 is one of Brodmann's cytologically defined regions of the brain. It is involved in auditory processing. # Human Brodmann area 22 is a region of the human brain (the 22nd numbered Brodmann area). On the left side of the brain this area helps with generation and understand...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Brodmann_area_22
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Brodmann area 46
Brodmann area 46 Brodmann area 46, or BA46, is part of the frontal cortex in the human brain. It is sandwiched between BA10 and BA45. This area is known as middle frontal area 46. In the human it occupies approximately the middle third of the middle frontal gyrus and the most rostral portion of the inferior frontal gy...
Brodmann area 46 Brodmann area 46, or BA46, is part of the frontal cortex in the human brain. It is sandwiched between BA10 and BA45. This area is known as middle frontal area 46. In the human it occupies approximately the middle third of the middle frontal gyrus and the most rostral portion of the inferior frontal g...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Brodmann_area_46
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Bromfenac sodium
Bromfenac sodium # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on Wiki...
Bromfenac sodium Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended t...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bromfenac
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wikidoc
Bromophenol blue
Bromophenol blue Bromophenol blue, Tetrabromophenolsulfonephthalein, is an acid-base indicator whose useful range as an indicator lies between pH 3.0 and 4.6. It changes from yellow at pH 3.0 to purple at pH 4.6; this reaction is reversible. Bromophenol blue is also used as a color marker to monitor the process of agar...
Bromophenol blue Template:PH indicator template Bromophenol blue, Tetrabromophenolsulfonephthalein, is an acid-base indicator whose useful range as an indicator lies between pH 3.0 and 4.6. It changes from yellow at pH 3.0 to purple at pH 4.6; this reaction is reversible. Bromophenol blue is also used as a color marke...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bromophenol_blue
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wikidoc
Bronchial artery
Bronchial artery In human anatomy, the bronchial arteries help supply the lungs with oxygenated blood. Although there is much variation, there are usually two bronchial arteries that run to the left lung, and one to the right lung. # Origin The left bronchial arteries usually arise directly from the thoracic aorta. T...
Bronchial artery Template:Infobox Artery Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] In human anatomy, the bronchial arteries help supply the lungs with oxygenated blood. Although there is much variation, there are usually two bronchial arteries that run to the left lung, and one to the right lung. # Origin T...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bronchial_arteries
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Bronchopneumonia
Bronchopneumonia # Historical Perspective - Pneumonia was first recognized by Hippocrates. It was first identified and described by Laennec in 1819. - In 1842, Rokitansky differentiated Pneumonia into Bronchopneumonia and Lobar Pneumonia. # Classification - Pneumonia may be classified according to anatomic distributi...
Bronchopneumonia Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Historical Perspective - Pneumonia was first recognized by Hippocrates. It was first identified and described by Laennec in 1819. - In 1842, Rokitansky differentiated Pneumonia into Bronchopneumonia and Lobar Pneumonia. # Classification - Pneumoni...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bronchopneumonia
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Bruch's membrane
Bruch's membrane Bruch's membrane is the innermost layer of the choroid. # Layers Bruch's membrane consists of five layers: - the basement membrane of the retinal pigment epithelium - the inner collagenous zone - a central band of elastic fibers - the outer collagenous zone - the basement membrane of the choriocapilla...
Bruch's membrane Template:Infobox Anatomy Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Bruch's membrane is the innermost layer of the choroid. # Layers Bruch's membrane consists of five layers: - the basement membrane of the retinal pigment epithelium - the inner collagenous zone - a central band of elastic fib...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Bruch%27s_membrane
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Brunner's glands
Brunner's glands # Overview Brunner's glands (or duodenal glands) are compound tubular submucosal glands located throughout the duodenum. The main function of these glands is to produce an alkaline secretion (containing bicarbonate) in order to: - protect the duodenum from the acidic content of chyme (which is introdu...
Brunner's glands Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Template:Infobox Anatomy Brunner's glands (or duodenal glands) are compound tubular submucosal glands located throughout the duodenum. The main function of these glands is to produce an alkaline secretion (containing bicarbonate) in order ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Brunner%27s_gland
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Buergers disease
Buergers disease Synonyms and keywords: Thromboangiitis obliterans; Winiwarter-Buerger disease; Buerger disease; Endarteritis obliterans Not to be confused with Berger's disease (IgA nephropathy) # Overview # Historical Perspective # Pathophysiology # Causes # Differentiating Buerger's Disease from other Diseases ...
Buergers disease For patient information, click here Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hadeel Maksoud M.D.[2] Synonyms and keywords: Thromboangiitis obliterans; Winiwarter-Buerger disease; Buerger disease; Endarteritis obliterans Not to be confused with Berger's disease (...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Buerger%27s_disease
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Burow's solution
Burow's solution Burow's solution is a pharmacological preparation made of aluminium acetate dissolved in water. It was invented in the mid-1800s by Karl August Burow, an ophthalmologist. The preparation has astringent and antibacterial properties and is used to treat a number of skin conditions such as insect bites, r...
Burow's solution Burow's solution is a pharmacological preparation made of aluminium acetate dissolved in water. It was invented in the mid-1800s by Karl August Burow, an ophthalmologist. The preparation has astringent and antibacterial properties and is used to treat a number of skin conditions such as insect bites, ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Burow%27s_solution
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Butea monosperma
Butea monosperma # Overview Butea monosperma (syn. Butea frondosa, Erythrina monosperma, Plaso monosperma; Kinshuk, Palash, Dhak, Flame of the Forest or Parrot Tree), is a species of Butea native to tropical southern Asia, from Pakistan, India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Malaysia, an...
Butea monosperma # Overview Butea monosperma (syn. Butea frondosa, Erythrina monosperma, Plaso monosperma; Kinshuk, Palash, Dhak, Flame of the Forest or Parrot Tree), is a species of Butea native to tropical southern Asia, from Pakistan, India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Malaysia, an...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Butea_frondosa
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Butterfly needle
Butterfly needle Winged Infusion Sets, or "Butterfly" needles are very small needles used in venipuncture (phlebotomy) of very young or elderly patients or patients with small veins and arteries. They are often used with people who have spasticity. Since the butterfly needle uses a flexible tube, there is less chance o...
Butterfly needle Winged Infusion Sets, or "Butterfly" needles are very small needles used in venipuncture (phlebotomy) of very young or elderly patients or patients with small veins and arteries. They are often used with people who have spasticity. Since the butterfly needle uses a flexible tube, there is less chance ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Butterfly_needle
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wikidoc
Butternut (tree)
Butternut (tree) The Butternut (Juglans cinerea), also occasionally known as the White Walnut, is a species of walnut native to the eastern United States and southeast Canada, from southern Quebec west to Minnesota, south to northern Alabama and southwest to northern Arkansas. It is a deciduous tree growing to 20 m tal...
Butternut (tree) The Butternut (Juglans cinerea), also occasionally known as the White Walnut, is a species of walnut native to the eastern United States and southeast Canada, from southern Quebec west to Minnesota, south to northern Alabama and southwest to northern Arkansas. It is a deciduous tree growing to 20 m ta...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Butternut_(tree)
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wikidoc
Butternut canker
Butternut canker Sirococcus clavigignenti juglandacearum (Nair et. al, 1979) is a fungus that causes the Butternut canker disease. It is known to parasitize members of the family Juglandaceae. # Distribution Butternut canker was first reported in Wisconsin in 1967. It has since spread to other states. It was report...
Butternut canker Sirococcus clavigignenti juglandacearum (Nair et. al, 1979) is a fungus that causes the Butternut canker disease. It is known to parasitize members of the family Juglandaceae. # Distribution Butternut canker was first reported in Wisconsin in 1967. It has since spread to other states. It was repor...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Butternut_canker
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Butylscopolamine
Butylscopolamine Butylscopolamine, also known as scopolamine butylbromide and hyoscine butylbromide is an abdominal-specific antispasmodic. It is marketed under the trade name Buscopan by Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH, Germany, who also offer a combination of butylscopolamine and acetaminophen, marketed under the name Busc...
Butylscopolamine Butylscopolamine, also known as scopolamine butylbromide and hyoscine butylbromide is an abdominal-specific antispasmodic. It is marketed under the trade name Buscopan by Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH, Germany, who also offer a combination of butylscopolamine and acetaminophen, marketed under the name Bus...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Butylscopolamine
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Candida albicans
Candida albicans # Overview Candida albicans is a diploid fungus (a form of yeast), which is capable of mating but not of meiosis, and a causal agent of opportunistic oral and genital infections in humans. Systemic fungal infections (fungemias) have emerged as important causes of morbidity and mortality in immunocompr...
Candida albicans Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Candida albicans is a diploid fungus (a form of yeast), which is capable of mating but not of meiosis, and a causal agent of opportunistic oral and genital infections in humans.[3][4] Systemic fungal infections (fungemias) have emerged as ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/C._Albicans
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Candida glabrata
Candida glabrata # Overview Candida glabrata is a haploid yeast of the genus Candida, previously known as Torulopsis glabrata. This species of yeast is non-dimorphic and there has been no observed mating activity. Until recently, C. glabrata was thought to be a primarily non-pathogenic organism. However, with the e...
Candida glabrata Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Candida glabrata is a haploid yeast of the genus Candida, previously known as Torulopsis glabrata. This species of yeast is non-dimorphic and there has been no observed mating activity. Until recently, C. glabrata was thought to be a pri...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/C._Glabarata
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Integrin alpha M
Integrin alpha M Integrin alpha M (ITGAM) is one protein subunit that forms heterodimeric integrin alpha-M beta-2 (αMβ2) molecule, also known as macrophage-1 antigen (Mac-1) or complement receptor 3 (CR3). ITGAM is also known as CR3A, and cluster of differentiation molecule 11B (CD11B). The second chain of αMβ2 is the...
Integrin alpha M Integrin alpha M (ITGAM) is one protein subunit that forms heterodimeric integrin alpha-M beta-2 (αMβ2) molecule, also known as macrophage-1 antigen (Mac-1) or complement receptor 3 (CR3).[1] ITGAM is also known as CR3A, and cluster of differentiation molecule 11B (CD11B). The second chain of αMβ2 is...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/CD11b
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wikidoc
CD3 (immunology)
CD3 (immunology) In immunology, the CD3 (cluster of differentiation 3) T cell co-receptor helps to activate both the cytotoxic T cell (CD8+ naive T cells) and also T helper cells (CD4+ naive T cells). It consists of a protein complex and is composed of four distinct chains. In mammals, the complex contains a CD3γ chain...
CD3 (immunology) In immunology, the CD3 (cluster of differentiation 3) T cell co-receptor helps to activate both the cytotoxic T cell (CD8+ naive T cells) and also T helper cells (CD4+ naive T cells). It consists of a protein complex and is composed of four distinct chains. In mammals, the complex contains a CD3γ chai...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/CD3
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Cytotoxic T cell
Cytotoxic T cell # Overview A cytotoxic T cell (also known as TC, CTL, T-Killer cell or killer T cell) belongs to a sub-group of T lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) which are capable of inducing the death of infected somatic or tumor cells; they kill cells that are infected with viruses (or other pathogens), or...
Cytotoxic T cell Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview A cytotoxic T cell (also known as TC, CTL, T-Killer cell or killer T cell) belongs to a sub-group of T lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) which are capable of inducing the death of infected somatic or tumor cells; they kill cells tha...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/CD8%2B_T_cells
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wikidoc
Cadexomer iodine
Cadexomer iodine # Overview Cadexomer iodine is an iodophor that is produced by the reaction of dextrin with epichlorhydrin coupled with ion-exchange groups and iodine. It is a water-soluble modified starch polymer containing 0.9% iodine, calculated on a weight-weight basis, within a helical matrix. # History Cadexom...
Cadexomer iodine Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Cadexomer iodine is an iodophor that is produced by the reaction of dextrin with epichlorhydrin coupled with ion-exchange groups and iodine. It is a water-soluble modified starch polymer containing 0.9% iodine, calculated on a weight-weigh...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cadexomer_iodine
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wikidoc
Cadmium chloride
Cadmium chloride # Overview Cadmium chloride is a white crystalline compound of cadmium and chlorine, with the formula CdCl2. It is a hygroscopic solid which is highly soluble in water and slightly soluble in alcohol. Although it is considered to be ionic, it has considerable covalent character to its bonding. The ...
Cadmium chloride Template:Chembox new # Overview Cadmium chloride is a white crystalline compound of cadmium and chlorine, with the formula CdCl2. It is a hygroscopic solid which is highly soluble in water and slightly soluble in alcohol. Although it is considered to be ionic, it has considerable covalent character...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cadmium_chloride
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Calcinosis cutis
Calcinosis cutis # Overview Calcinosis cutis (or cutaneous calcification) is a type of calcinosis wherein calcium deposits form in the skin. A variety of factors can result in this condition. The most common source is dystrophic calcification, which occurs in soft tissue as a response to injury. In dogs, calcinosis...
Calcinosis cutis Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2] # Overview Calcinosis cutis (or cutaneous calcification) is a type of calcinosis wherein calcium deposits form in the skin. A variety of factors can result in this condition. The most common sour...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Calcinosis_cutis
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Calcium chloride
Calcium chloride # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on Wiki...
Calcium chloride Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended t...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Calcium_Chloride
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Calcium alginate
Calcium alginate # Overview Calcium alginate is a water-insoluble, gelatinous, cream coloured substance that can be created through the addition of aqueous calcium chloride to aqueous sodium alginate. Adding artificial flavours and colours creates a more tasty edible slime. Calcium alginate is also used for entrapmen...
Calcium alginate Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Calcium alginate is a water-insoluble, gelatinous, cream coloured substance that can be created through the addition of aqueous calcium chloride to aqueous sodium alginate. Adding artificial flavours and colours creates a more tasty edibl...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Calcium_alginate
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wikidoc
Calcium fluoride
Calcium fluoride # Overview Calcium fluoride (CaF2) is an insoluble ionic compound of calcium and fluorine. It occurs naturally as the mineral fluorite (also called fluorspar), and it is the source of most of the world's fluorine. This insoluble solid adopts a cubic structure wherein calcium is coordinated to eight ...
Calcium fluoride Template:Chembox new # Overview Calcium fluoride (CaF2) is an insoluble ionic compound of calcium and fluorine. It occurs naturally as the mineral fluorite (also called fluorspar), and it is the source of most of the world's fluorine. This insoluble solid adopts a cubic structure wherein calcium is...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Calcium_fluoride
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wikidoc
Calcium peroxide
Calcium peroxide Calcium peroxide (CaO2) is a solid peroxide with a white or yellowish color. For all practical purposes calcium peroxide is insoluble in water but will dissolve in acid to form hydrogen peroxide. When in contact with water it will immediately begin to decompose releasing oxygen. # Applications Calciu...
Calcium peroxide Template:Chembox new Calcium peroxide (CaO2) is a solid peroxide with a white or yellowish color. For all practical purposes calcium peroxide is insoluble in water but will dissolve in acid to form hydrogen peroxide. When in contact with water it will immediately begin to decompose releasing oxygen. ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Calcium_peroxide
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Calcium silicate
Calcium silicate # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on Wiki...
Calcium silicate Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Calcium_silicate
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Caltha palustris
Caltha palustris Caltha palustris commonly known as Kingcup or Marsh Marigold (also known as Calthus palustris syn. Trollius paluster Krause) is a member of the family Ranunculaceae, and is native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere (Europe including Iceland and Arctic Russia, temperate and Arctic Asia, and...
Caltha palustris Caltha palustris commonly known as Kingcup or Marsh Marigold (also known as Calthus palustris syn. Trollius paluster Krause) is a member of the family Ranunculaceae, and is native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere (Europe including Iceland and Arctic Russia, temperate and Arctic Asia, an...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Caltha_palustris
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Calvaria (skull)
Calvaria (skull) The calvaria (or calva, or skullcap) is the roof of the skull. It is formed by the following bones: - frontal bone - parietal bones (two) - temporal bones (two) - occipital bone In a fetus, the formation of the Calvaria involves a process known as intramembranous ossification, although the base of the ...
Calvaria (skull) Template:Infobox Bone Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] The calvaria (or calva, or skullcap) is the roof of the skull. It is formed by the following bones: - frontal bone - parietal bones (two) - temporal bones (two) - occipital bone In a fetus, the formation of the Calvaria involves ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Calvaria
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Capgras delusion
Capgras delusion # Overview The Capgras delusion (or Capgras's syndrome) is a rare disorder in which a person holds a delusional belief that an acquaintance, usually a spouse or other close family member, has been replaced by an identical looking impostor. The Capgras delusion is classed as a delusional misidentificat...
Capgras delusion Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [4] ; Associate Editor-in-chief: Soumya Sachdeva # Overview The Capgras delusion (or Capgras's syndrome) is a rare disorder in which a person holds a delusional belief that an acquaintance, usually a spouse or other close family member, has been replaced...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Capgras_delusion
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wikidoc
Capillary refill
Capillary refill # Overview Capillary refill is the rate at which blood refills empty capillaries. Capillary refill time (CRT) is defined as the time taken for colour to return to an external capillary bed after pressure is applied to cause blanching. It can be measured by holding a hand higher than heart-level, pres...
Capillary refill Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Capillary refill is the rate at which blood refills empty capillaries. Capillary refill time (CRT) is defined as the time taken for colour to return to an external capillary bed after pressure is applied to cause blanching.[1] It can be m...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Capillary_refill
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wikidoc
Captain Cutaneum
Captain Cutaneum Captain Cutaneum is a character-superhero that was created by Phoenix-area dermatopathologist Ruskin R Lines, III, M.D. in 2006. The purpose behind the character is to spread awareness among children of skin health and especially the dangers of excessive sun exposure. Dr. Lines's campaign has been writ...
Captain Cutaneum Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Captain Cutaneum is a character-superhero that was created by Phoenix-area dermatopathologist Ruskin R Lines, III, M.D. in 2006. The purpose behind the character is to spread awareness among children of skin health and especially the dangers of excess...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Captain_Cutaneum
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wikidoc
Carbon disulfide
Carbon disulfide Carbon disulfide is a colorless, volatile liquid with the formula CS2. The compound is used frequently as a building block in organic chemistry as well as an industrial and chemical non-polar solvent. It has an "ether-like" odor, but commercial samples are typically contaminated with foul-smelling imp...
Carbon disulfide Template:Chembox new Carbon disulfide is a colorless, volatile liquid with the formula CS2. The compound is used frequently as a building block in organic chemistry as well as an industrial and chemical non-polar solvent. It has an "ether-like" odor, but commercial samples are typically contaminated ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carbon_Disulfide
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wikidoc
Krukenberg tumor
Krukenberg tumor Synonyms and keywords: Carcinoma mucocellulare; Ovarian tumor # Overview Krukenberg tumor is a rare metastatic signet ring cell adenocarcinoma of the ovary. Krukenberg tumor was first described as a new type of primary ovarian malignancy by Friedrich Ernst Krukenberg (1871–1946), a German gynecologis...
Krukenberg tumor Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Soujanya Thummathati, MBBS [2] Synonyms and keywords: Carcinoma mucocellulare; Ovarian tumor # Overview Krukenberg tumor is a rare metastatic signet ring cell adenocarcinoma of the ovary. Krukenberg tumor was first des...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carcinoma_mucocellulare
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wikidoc
Cardiac fibrosis
Cardiac fibrosis Synonyms and keywords:Davies disease # Overview Cardiac fibrosis refers to an abnormal thickening of the heart valves due to inappropriate proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts.Endomyocardial fibrosis(EMF) chareacterized by deposite of fibrous and thickening of the endocardium and myocardium ventricle...
Cardiac fibrosis Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Niloofarsadaat Eshaghhosseiny, MD[2] Synonyms and keywords:Davies disease # Overview Cardiac fibrosis refers to an abnormal thickening of the heart valves due to inappropriate proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts.Endomyo...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cardiac_fibrosis
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wikidoc
Cardiotocography
Cardiotocography # Overview In medicine (obstetrics) cardiotocography (CTG) is a technical means of recording (-graphy) the fetal heartbeat (cardio-) and the uterine contractions (-toco-) during childbirth. CTG can be used to identify signs of fetal distress. # Method Recordings are done by two separate transducers, ...
Cardiotocography Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview In medicine (obstetrics) cardiotocography (CTG) is a technical means of recording (-graphy) the fetal heartbeat (cardio-) and the uterine contractions (-toco-) during childbirth. CTG can be used to identify signs of fetal distress. # Meth...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cardiotocography
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wikidoc
Carlos J. Finlay
Carlos J. Finlay # Overview Carlos Juan Finlay (born Carlos Juan Finlay y Barrés on December 3 1833, Puerto Principe, Cuba – August 20 1915, Havana, Cuba), was a Cuban physician and scientist. Finlay was born Juan Carlos Finlay in Puerto Principe, Cuba of French and Scottish descent. He changed his name to Carlos Jua...
Carlos J. Finlay Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Carlos Juan Finlay (born Carlos Juan Finlay y Barrés on December 3 1833, Puerto Principe, Cuba – August 20 1915, Havana, Cuba), was a Cuban physician and scientist. Finlay was born Juan Carlos Finlay in Puerto Principe, Cuba of French and...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carlos_J._Finlay
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wikidoc
Carotid stenting
Carotid stenting # Overview Carotid stenting (CAS) is a percutaneous, endovascular procedure available to correct carotid stenosis (narrowing of the carotid artery lumen by atheroma). Carotid stenosis can present with no symptoms (diagnosed incidentally) or through symptoms such as transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) o...
Carotid stenting Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Carotid stenting (CAS) is a percutaneous, endovascular procedure available to correct carotid stenosis (narrowing of the carotid artery lumen by atheroma). Carotid stenosis can present with no symptoms (diagnosed incidentally) or through ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carotid_stenting
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wikidoc
Carpal coalition
Carpal coalition - Congenital coalition of carpal bones is a common anomaly that is usually discovered on imaging obtained for unrelated reasons. - The lunate and triquetrum are most likely to show such coalition. - It is reported twice as frequently in women. - It may occur as an isolated entity or as part of a synd...
Carpal coalition Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] - Congenital coalition of carpal bones is a common anomaly that is usually discovered on imaging obtained for unrelated reasons. - The lunate and triquetrum are most likely to show such coalition. [1] [2] - It is reported twice as frequently in women....
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Carpal_coalition
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wikidoc
Cascade reaction
Cascade reaction # Overview A cascade reaction or tandem reaction or domino reaction is a consecutive series of intramolecular organic reactions which often proceed via highly reactive intermediates. It allows the organic synthesis of complex multinuclear molecules from a single acyclic precursor. The substrate contai...
Cascade reaction # Overview A cascade reaction or tandem reaction or domino reaction is a consecutive series of intramolecular organic reactions which often proceed via highly reactive intermediates. It allows the organic synthesis of complex multinuclear molecules from a single acyclic precursor. The substrate contai...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cascade
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wikidoc
Caseous necrosis
Caseous necrosis Caseous necrosis describes a form of biological tissue death. The dead tissue appears as a soft and white proteinaceous dead cell mass. Like most patterns of necrosis, no histological architecture is preserved - it is characterised by acellular pink areas of necrosis surrounded by a granulomatous infla...
Caseous necrosis Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Caseous necrosis describes a form of biological tissue death. The dead tissue appears as a soft and white proteinaceous dead cell mass. Like most patterns of necrosis, no histological architecture is preserved - it is characterised by acellular pink a...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Caseating
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wikidoc
Castor oil plant
Castor oil plant The castor oil plant, Ricinus communis, is a plant species of the Euphorbiaceae and the sole member of the genus Ricinus and of the subtribe Ricininae. Its seed is the castor bean which, despite its name, is not a true bean. Castor seed is the source of castor oil, which has a wide variety of uses. The...
Castor oil plant The castor oil plant, Ricinus communis, is a plant species of the Euphorbiaceae and the sole member of the genus Ricinus and of the subtribe Ricininae. Its seed is the castor bean which, despite its name, is not a true bean. Castor seed is the source of castor oil, which has a wide variety of uses. Th...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Castor_oil_plant
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wikidoc
Cat eye syndrome
Cat eye syndrome # Overview Cat Eye Syndrome is a very rare malformation involving Chromosome 22. The short arm (p) and a small section of the long arm (q) are present three (trisomic) or four times (tetrasomic) instead of the usual two times. The additional chromosome 22 usually arises spontaneously (de novo), though...
Cat eye syndrome Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Cat Eye Syndrome is a very rare malformation involving Chromosome 22. The short arm (p) and a small section of the long arm (q) are present three (trisomic) or four times[1] (tetrasomic) instead of the usual two times. The additional chrom...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cat-eye_syndrome
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wikidoc
Cathode ray tube
Cathode ray tube The cathode ray tube (CRT) is a vacuum tube containing an electron gun (a source of electrons) and a fluorescent screen, with internal or external means to accelerate and deflect the electron beam, used to form images in the form of light emitted from the fluorescent screen. The image may represent ele...
Cathode ray tube Template:Otheruses4 The cathode ray tube (CRT) is a vacuum tube containing an electron gun (a source of electrons) and a fluorescent screen, with internal or external means to accelerate and deflect the electron beam, used to form images in the form of light emitted from the fluorescent screen. The im...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cathode_ray_tube
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wikidoc
Causes of autism
Causes of autism # Overview Autism and autism spectrum disorders are complex neurodevelopmental disorders. Many causes of autism have been proposed, but its theory of causation is still incomplete. Heritability contributes about 90% of the risk of a child developing autism, but the genetics of autism are complex and t...
Causes of autism # Overview Autism and autism spectrum disorders are complex neurodevelopmental disorders. Many causes of autism have been proposed, but its theory of causation is still incomplete.[1] Heritability contributes about 90% of the risk of a child developing autism, but the genetics of autism are complex an...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Causes_of_autism
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Sodium hydroxide
Sodium hydroxide Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), also known as lye, caustic soda and (incorrectly, according to IUPAC nomenclature) sodium hydrate, is a caustic metallic base. Caustic soda forms a strong alkaline solution when dissolved in a solvent such as water. It is used in many industries, mostly as a strong chemical ba...
Sodium hydroxide Template:Chembox new Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), also known as lye, caustic soda and (incorrectly, according to IUPAC nomenclature) [1] sodium hydrate, is a caustic metallic base. Caustic soda forms a strong alkaline solution when dissolved in a solvent such as water. It is used in many industries, mostl...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Caustic_soda
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wikidoc
Cavernous plexus
Cavernous plexus The cavernous plexus is situated below and medial to that part of the internal carotid artery which is placed by the side of the sella turcica in the cavernous sinus, and is formed chiefly by the medial division of the internal carotid nerve. It communicates with the oculomotor, the trochlear, the opht...
Cavernous plexus Template:Infobox Nerve Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] The cavernous plexus is situated below and medial to that part of the internal carotid artery which is placed by the side of the sella turcica in the cavernous sinus, and is formed chiefly by the medial division of the internal ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cavernous_plexus
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wikidoc
Cavity magnetron
Cavity magnetron A cavity magnetron is a high-powered vacuum tube that generates coherent microwaves. They are commonly found in microwave ovens, as well as various radar applications. # Construction and operation All cavity magnetrons consist of a hot filament (cathode) kept at, or pulsed to, a high negative potentia...
Cavity magnetron A cavity magnetron is a high-powered vacuum tube that generates coherent microwaves. They are commonly found in microwave ovens, as well as various radar applications. # Construction and operation All cavity magnetrons consist of a hot filament (cathode) kept at, or pulsed to, a high negative potenti...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cavity_magnetron
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wikidoc
Cefazolin sodium
Cefazolin sodium # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on Wiki...
Cefazolin sodium Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rabin Bista, M.B.B.S. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intend...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cefazolin
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wikidoc
Cefoxitin sodium
Cefoxitin sodium # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on Wiki...
Cefoxitin sodium Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended t...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cefoxitin
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wikidoc
Refsum's disease
Refsum's disease Refsum's disease (Refsum-Thiébaut disease, Refsum-Thiébaut-Klenk-Kahlke disease), named after Norwegian neurologist Sigvald Bernhard Refsum (1907-1991), is neurological disease that results in the malformation of myelin sheaths around nerve cells. It is a peroxisomal disorder. # Causes Refsum's diseas...
Refsum's disease Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Refsum's disease (Refsum-Thiébaut disease, Refsum-Thiébaut-Klenk-Kahlke disease), named after Norwegian neurologist Sigvald Bernhard Refsum (1907-1991),[1][2] is neurological disease that results in the malformation of myelin sheaths around nerve cell...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cerebellar_heredoataxia
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wikidoc
Cerebral malaria
Cerebral malaria # Overview - 5% of the world’s population is parasitized by malaria at any given time - 0.5-2.5 million deaths per year - Nearly all deaths (and neurologic complications) caused by Plasmodium falciparum - Cerebral Malaria – Case Definition Deep level of unconsciousness with inability to localize a pai...
Cerebral malaria Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview - 5% of the world’s population is parasitized by malaria at any given time - 0.5-2.5 million deaths per year - Nearly all deaths (and neurologic complications) caused by Plasmodium falciparum - Cerebral Malaria – Case Definition Deep level...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cerebral_Malaria
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wikidoc
Cerebral T waves
Cerebral T waves Synonyms and keywords: widely splayed T waves; cerebral Ts; cerebral T wave # Overview Cerebrovascular accidents can cause deep widely splayed T waves referred to as cerebral T waves. # Electrocardiographic Findings Shown above is an EKG showing T wave inversions and widely splayed T waves (cerebral ...
Cerebral T waves Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Synonyms and keywords: widely splayed T waves; cerebral Ts; cerebral T wave # Overview Cerebrovascular accidents can cause deep widely splayed T waves referred to as cerebral T waves. # Electrocardiographic Findings Shown above is an EKG showing T w...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cerebral_T_wave
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wikidoc
Circle of Willis
Circle of Willis # Overview The circle of Willis (also called the cerebral arterial circle or arterial circle of Willis) is a circle of arteries that supply blood to the brain. It is named after Thomas Willis (1621-1673), an English physician. # Components - Anterior cerebral artery (left and right) - Anterior commun...
Circle of Willis Template:Infobox Artery Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview The circle of Willis (also called the cerebral arterial circle or arterial circle of Willis) is a circle of arteries that supply blood to the brain. It is named after Thomas Willis (1621-1673), an English physician....
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cerebral_arterial_circle
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wikidoc
Cerium(IV) oxide
Cerium(IV) oxide Cerium(IV) oxide, ceric oxide, ceria, or sometimes simply cerium oxide or cerium dioxide, is a pale yellow-white powder, CeO2. It is used in ceramics, to polish glass, and to sensitize photosensitive glass. It is also used in lapidary as "jeweller's rouge"; it is also known as "optician's rouge". Ceria...
Cerium(IV) oxide Template:Chembox new Cerium(IV) oxide, ceric oxide, ceria, or sometimes simply cerium oxide or cerium dioxide, is a pale yellow-white powder, CeO2. It is used in ceramics, to polish glass, and to sensitize photosensitive glass. It is also used in lapidary as "jeweller's rouge"; it is also known as "op...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cerium(IV)_oxide
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wikidoc
Cerliponase alfa
Cerliponase alfa # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on Wiki...
Cerliponase alfa Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yashasvi Aryaputra[2], Anmol Pitliya, M.B.B.S. M.D.[3] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthca...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cerliponase_alfa
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Chandipura virus
Chandipura virus Chandipura virus is a member of the Rhabdoviridae family that is associated with an encephalitic illness in humans. It was first identified in 1965 after isolation from the blood of two patients from Chandipura village in Maharashtra state, India (Bhatt et al,1967) and has been associated with a number...
Chandipura virus Chandipura virus is a member of the Rhabdoviridae family that is associated with an encephalitic illness in humans. It was first identified in 1965 after isolation from the blood of two patients from Chandipura village in Maharashtra state, India (Bhatt et al,1967) and has been associated with a numbe...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Chandipura_virus
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wikidoc
Chaotropic agent
Chaotropic agent A chaotropic agent is an agent which causes molecular structure to be disrupted; in particular, those formed by noncovalent forces such as hydrogen bonding, Van der Waals interactions, and the hydrophobic effect. Often structural features, as detected by means such as circular dichroism can be titrated...
Chaotropic agent A chaotropic agent is an agent which causes molecular structure to be disrupted; in particular, those formed by noncovalent forces such as hydrogen bonding, Van der Waals interactions, and the hydrophobic effect. Often structural features, as detected by means such as circular dichroism can be titrate...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Chaotropic
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wikidoc
Charge (physics)
Charge (physics) In physics, a charge may refer to one of many different quantities, such as the electric charge in electromagnetism or the color charge in quantum chromodynamics. Charges are associated with conserved quantum numbers. # Formal definition More abstractly, a charge is any generator of a continuous symme...
Charge (physics) In physics, a charge may refer to one of many different quantities, such as the electric charge in electromagnetism or the color charge in quantum chromodynamics. Charges are associated with conserved quantum numbers. # Formal definition More abstractly, a charge is any generator of a continuous symm...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Charge_(physics)
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wikidoc
Charity Hospital
Charity Hospital Charity Hospital is one of two teaching hospitals which are part of the Medical Center of Louisiana at New Orleans (MCLNO). # Organization. Charity Hospital is one of several public hospitals around the state of Louisiana administered by the Louisiana State University System. Charity Hospital and the ...
Charity Hospital Charity Hospital is one of two teaching hospitals which are part of the Medical Center of Louisiana at New Orleans (MCLNO). # Organization. Charity Hospital is one of several public hospitals around the state of Louisiana administered by the Louisiana State University System. Charity Hospital and the...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Charity_Hospital
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wikidoc
Chemerin peptide
Chemerin peptide Chemerin Peptides are short peptides (on the order of 9 amino acids) that are produced from the carboxyl terminus of the chemokine chemerin. They display the same activities as chemerin, although at higher efficacy and potency. A particular synthetic chemerin-derived peptide, termed C15, was developed ...
Chemerin peptide Chemerin Peptides are short peptides (on the order of 9 amino acids) that are produced from the carboxyl terminus of the chemokine chemerin. They display the same activities as chemerin, although at higher efficacy and potency.[1] A particular synthetic chemerin-derived peptide, termed C15, was develo...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Chemerin_peptide
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wikidoc
Chemical formula
Chemical formula A chemical formula is a concise way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound. A chemical formula is also a short way of showing how a chemical reaction occurs. For molecular compounds, it identifies each constituent element by its chemical symbol and indi...
Chemical formula Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] A chemical formula is a concise way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound. A chemical formula is also a short way of showing how a chemical reaction occurs. For molecular compounds, it identifies each...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Chemical_Formula
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Chemical imaging
Chemical imaging Chemical imaging is the simultaneous measurement of spectra (chemical information) and images or pictures (spatial information). The technique has applications in chemistry, biology and medicine, and is most often applied to solid-state samples. This technique is also referred to as hyperspectral, spec...
Chemical imaging Chemical imaging is the simultaneous measurement of spectra (chemical information) and images or pictures (spatial information). The technique has applications in chemistry, biology and medicine, and is most often applied to solid-state samples. This technique is also referred to as hyperspectral, spe...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Chemical_Imaging
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wikidoc
Chemical colitis
Chemical colitis For the main page on colitis, please click here For more information on allergic colitis, please click here For more information on infectious colitis, please click here For more information on ischemic colitis, please click here For more information on drug-induced colitis, please click here For more ...
Chemical colitis For the main page on colitis, please click here For more information on allergic colitis, please click here For more information on infectious colitis, please click here For more information on ischemic colitis, please click here For more information on drug-induced colitis, please click here For more...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Chemical_colitis
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wikidoc
Chemical synapse
Chemical synapse # Overview Chemical synapses are specialized junctions through which the cells of the nervous system signal to each other and to non-neuronal cells such as those in muscles or glands. Chemical synapses allow the neurons of the central nervous system to form interconnected neural circuits. They are th...
Chemical synapse Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Chemical synapses are specialized junctions through which the cells of the nervous system signal to each other and to non-neuronal cells such as those in muscles or glands. Chemical synapses allow the neurons of the central nervous system...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Chemical_synapse
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wikidoc
Chemoselectivity
Chemoselectivity Chemical reactions are defined usually in small contexts (only up to a small number of neighbouring atoms), such generalizations are a matter of utility. The preferential outcome of one instance of a generalized reaction over a set of other plausible reactions, is defined as chemoselectivity. Practicin...
Chemoselectivity Chemical reactions are defined usually in small contexts (only up to a small number of neighbouring atoms), such generalizations are a matter of utility. The preferential outcome of one instance of a generalized reaction over a set of other plausible reactions, is defined as chemoselectivity. Practici...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Chemoselectivity
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wikidoc
Chemotaxis assay
Chemotaxis assay Chemotaxis assays are experimental tools for evaluation of chemotactic ability of prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells. A wide variety of techniques are known and applied for such reason. Some of them qualitative and investigator can determine whether the cells prefer or not the tested chemical, others are ...
Chemotaxis assay Chemotaxis assays are experimental tools for evaluation of chemotactic ability of prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells. A wide variety of techniques are known and applied for such reason. Some of them qualitative and investigator can determine whether the cells prefer or not the tested chemical, others are...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Chemotaxis_assay
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wikidoc
Salvia hispanica
Salvia hispanica Chia (Salvia hispanica) is a plant of the genus Salvia in the Mint family. It originated in the central Valley of Mexico. Chia is grown commercially for its seed, a food that is very rich in Omega 3 fatty acids. # Etymology The word chia is derived from the Aztec word chian, meaning oilyTemplate:Ref l...
Salvia hispanica Chia (Salvia hispanica) is a plant of the genus Salvia in the Mint family. It originated in the central Valley of Mexico. Chia is grown commercially for its seed, a food that is very rich in Omega 3 fatty acids. # Etymology The word chia is derived from the Aztec word chian, meaning oilyTemplate:Ref ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Chia_seed
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Child-Pugh score
Child-Pugh score # Overview In medicine (gastroenterology), the Child-Pugh score (sometimes the Child-Turcotte-Pugh score) is used to assess the prognosis of chronic liver disease, mainly cirrhosis. Although it was originally used to predict mortality during surgery, it is now used to determine the prognosis, as well ...
Child-Pugh score Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shankar Kumar, M.B.B.S. [2]] # Overview In medicine (gastroenterology), the Child-Pugh score (sometimes the Child-Turcotte-Pugh score) is used to assess the prognosis of chronic liver disease, mainly cirrhosis. Althoug...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Child-Pugh
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Chlordiazepoxide
Chlordiazepoxide # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on Wiki...
Chlordiazepoxide Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vignesh Ponnusamy, M.B.B.S. [2] # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Chlordiazepoxide
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wikidoc
Chloride channel
Chloride channel # Overview Chloride channels are a superfamily of poorly understood ion channels consisting of approximately 13 members. It is now recognised that chloride channels display a variety of important physiological and cellular roles that include regulation of pH, volume homeostasis, organic solute transpo...
Chloride channel Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Chloride channels are a superfamily of poorly understood ion channels consisting of approximately 13 members. It is now recognised that chloride channels display a variety of important physiological and cellular roles that include regulati...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Chloride_channel
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wikidoc
Chlorine dioxide
Chlorine dioxide Chlorine dioxide is a chemical compound with the formula ClO2. This reddish-yellow gas crystallizes as orange crystals at −59 °C. As one of several oxides of chlorine, it is a potent and useful oxidizing agent used in water treatment and in bleaching. # Uses Chlorine dioxide is used primarily (>95%) ...
Chlorine dioxide Template:Chembox new Chlorine dioxide is a chemical compound with the formula ClO2. This reddish-yellow gas crystallizes as orange crystals at −59 °C. As one of several oxides of chlorine, it is a potent and useful oxidizing agent used in water treatment and in bleaching. # Uses Chlorine dioxide is ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Chlorine_Dioxide
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wikidoc
Choice blindness
Choice blindness In psychology, choice blindness is a phenomenon in which subjects fail to detect conspicuous mismatches between their intended (and expected) choice and the actual outcome. Writing in Science, psychologist Petter Johansson and coworkers describe choice blindness demonstrated in an experiment. The subje...
Choice blindness In psychology, choice blindness is a phenomenon in which subjects fail to detect conspicuous mismatches between their intended (and expected) choice and the actual outcome. Writing in Science, psychologist Petter Johansson and coworkers describe choice blindness demonstrated in an experiment. The subj...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Choice_blindness
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Cholera
Cholera overview # Overview Cholera is an infection of the small intestine caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. The main symptoms are profuse, watery diarrhea and vomiting. Transmission occurs primarily by drinking water or eating food that has been contaminated by the feces of an infected person, including one wi...
Cholera overview Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editors-In-Chief: Tarek Nafee, M.D. [2], Aysha Anwar, M.B.B.S[3], Sara Mehrsefat, M.D. [4], Priyamvada Singh, MBBS [5] # Overview Cholera is an infection of the small intestine caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. The main symptoms ar...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cholera_overview
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Chondrodystrophy
Chondrodystrophy # Overview Chondrodystrophy (literally, "cartilage bad-nourishment") is a descriptive term no longer in use in the medical literature. It refers to a skeletal disorder caused by one of myriad genetic mutations that can affect hyaline cartilage. This genetic disorder is characterized by a normal size t...
Chondrodystrophy # Overview Chondrodystrophy (literally, "cartilage bad-nourishment") is a descriptive term no longer in use in the medical literature. It refers to a skeletal disorder caused by one of myriad genetic mutations that can affect hyaline cartilage. This genetic disorder is characterized by a normal size t...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Chondrodystrophy
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Jerusalem cherry
Jerusalem cherry The Jerusalem cherry (Solanum pseudocapsicum) is a plant belonging to the same family as deadly nightshade, whose fruit are also poisonous. These perennials can be grown decoratively as a house plant, but in some areas of Australia the plant has become a weed. The plant is perennial in zones up to USDA...
Jerusalem cherry The Jerusalem cherry (Solanum pseudocapsicum) is a plant belonging to the same family as deadly nightshade, whose fruit are also poisonous. These perennials can be grown decoratively as a house plant, but in some areas of Australia the plant has become a weed. The plant is perennial in zones up to USD...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Christmas_Cherry_poisoning
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Chromium carbide
Chromium carbide # Overview Chromium carbide (Cr3C2) is an extremely hard refractory ceramic material. It is usually processed by sintering. It has the appearance of a gray powder with orthorhombic crystal structure. Its CAS number is 12012-61-9. Other compositions are available, eg. Cr23C6, and Cr7C3. Chromium carbid...
Chromium carbide Template:Chembox new # Overview Chromium carbide (Cr3C2) is an extremely hard refractory ceramic material. It is usually processed by sintering. It has the appearance of a gray powder with orthorhombic crystal structure. Its CAS number is 12012-61-9. Other compositions are available, eg. Cr23C6, and ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Chromium_carbide
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wikidoc
Chylopericardium
Chylopericardium # Overview Chylopericardium is defined as a pericardial effusion which consists of chyle. Chyle comes from the lacteals (the lymphatics draining the small intestine) via the thoracic duct. . # Pathophysiology Chylopericardium is most often secondary to injury to the thoracic duc...
Chylopericardium Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview Chylopericardium is defined as a pericardial effusion which consists of chyle. Chyle comes from the lacteals (the lymphatics draining the small intestine) via the thoracic duct. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12]. [13] [14]...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Chylopericardium
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Chytridiomycosis
Chytridiomycosis Chytridiomycosis is a fatal infectious disease that affects amphibians, caused by the chytrid - Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis . Chytridiomycosis has been linked to dramatic population declines or even extinctions in western North America, Central America, South America, and eastern Australia. There is...
Chytridiomycosis Chytridiomycosis is a fatal infectious disease that affects amphibians, caused by the chytrid - Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis . Chytridiomycosis has been linked to dramatic population declines or even extinctions in western North America, Central America, South America, and eastern Australia. There i...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Chytridiomycosis
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Ciliary arteries
Ciliary arteries The ciliary arteries are divisible into three groups, the long posterior, short posterior, and the anterior. - The short posterior ciliary arteries from six to twelve in number, arise from the ophthalmic as it crosses the optic nerve. - The long posterior ciliary arteries, two in number, pierce the pos...
Ciliary arteries Template:Infobox Artery Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] The ciliary arteries are divisible into three groups, the long posterior, short posterior, and the anterior. - The short posterior ciliary arteries from six to twelve in number, arise from the ophthalmic as it crosses the optic...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Ciliary_arteries
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wikidoc
Ciliary ganglion
Ciliary ganglion The ciliary ganglion is a parasympathetic ganglion located in the posterior orbit. It measures 1- 2 millimeters in diameter and contains approximately 2,500 neurons. Preganglionic axons from the Edinger-Westphal nucleus form synapses with these cells. The postganglionic axons innervate two eye muscl...
Ciliary ganglion Template:Infobox Nerve Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] The ciliary ganglion is a parasympathetic ganglion located in the posterior orbit. It measures 1- 2 millimeters in diameter and contains approximately 2,500 neurons[1]. Preganglionic axons from the Edinger-Westphal nucleus fo...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Ciliary_ganglion
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wikidoc
Circadian rhythm
Circadian rhythm # Overview A circadian rhythm is an approximate daily periodicity, a roughly-24-hour cycle in the biochemical, physiological or behavioral processes of living beings, including plants, animals, fungi and cyanobacteria. The term "circadian", coined by Franz Halberg, comes from the Latin circa, "around"...
Circadian rhythm Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview A circadian rhythm is an approximate daily periodicity, a roughly-24-hour cycle in the biochemical, physiological or behavioral processes of living beings, including plants, animals, fungi and cyanobacteria. The term "circadian", coined by...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Circadian
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wikidoc
Cirsoid Aneurysm
Cirsoid Aneurysm # Overview A cirsoid aneurysm is the dilation of a group of blood vessels due to congenital malformations with AV (arterio venous) shunting. Cirsoid means resembling a varix. Sometimes, a minor traumatic episode, such as a fall or bump on the head, can lead to the formation of a cirsoid aneurysm. Ofte...
Cirsoid Aneurysm Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2] # Overview A cirsoid aneurysm is the dilation of a group of blood vessels due to congenital malformations with AV (arterio venous) shunting. Cirsoid means resembling a varix. Sometimes, a minor tra...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cirsoid_Aneurysm
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wikidoc
Citrate synthase
Citrate synthase The enzyme citrate synthase E.C. 2.3.3.1 (previously 4.1.3.7)] exists in nearly all living cells and stands as a pace-making enzyme in the first step of the citric acid cycle (or Krebs cycle). Citrate synthase is localized within eukaryotic cells in the mitochondrial matrix, but is encoded by nuclear D...
Citrate synthase The enzyme citrate synthase E.C. 2.3.3.1 (previously 4.1.3.7)] exists in nearly all living cells and stands as a pace-making enzyme in the first step of the citric acid cycle (or Krebs cycle).[1] Citrate synthase is localized within eukaryotic cells in the mitochondrial matrix, but is encoded by nucle...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Citrate_synthase
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wikidoc
Cool extremities
Cool extremities Synonyms and keywords: Cold extremities; cold feet; cold hands and feet; cold hands # Overview Cool extremities refers to a condition where the hands and feet are colder than the core of the body. # Causes ## Life Threatening Causes Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in deat...
Cool extremities Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ogheneochuko Ajari, MB.BS, MS [2] Synonyms and keywords: Cold extremities; cold feet; cold hands and feet; cold hands # Overview Cool extremities refers to a condition where the hands and feet are colder than the core ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Clammy
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wikidoc
Clematis vitalba
Clematis vitalba Clematis vitalba (also known as Old man's beard and Traveller's Joy) is a shrub of the Ranunculaceae family. # Description Clematis vitalba is a climbing shrub with branched stems, deciduous leaves, and scented greeny-white flowers with fluffy underlying sepals. The fruits have an overlying silky appe...
Clematis vitalba Clematis vitalba (also known as Old man's beard and Traveller's Joy) is a shrub of the Ranunculaceae family. # Description Clematis vitalba is a climbing shrub with branched stems, deciduous leaves, and scented greeny-white flowers with fluffy underlying sepals. The fruits have an overlying silky app...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Clematis_vitalba
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wikidoc
Cleveland Clinic
Cleveland Clinic # Overview Cleveland Clinic (formally known as the Cleveland Clinic Foundation) is a multispecialty academic medical center located in Cleveland, Ohio, USA. Cleveland Clinic was established in 1921 by four physicians for the purpose of providing patient care, research, and medical education in an ide...
Cleveland Clinic Template:Infobox Hospital # Overview Cleveland Clinic (formally known as the Cleveland Clinic Foundation) is a multispecialty academic medical center located in Cleveland, Ohio, USA. Cleveland Clinic was established in 1921 by four physicians for the purpose of providing patient care, research, and ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cleveland_Clinic
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wikidoc
Clinical ecology
Clinical ecology # Overview Clinical ecology refers to physicians who believe that exposure to certain chemical agents can result in physical damage, causing multiple chemical sensitivity and a variety of other disorders. Clinical ecologists often have a background in the field of allergy, not toxicology, and their th...
Clinical ecology # Overview Clinical ecology refers to physicians who believe that exposure to certain chemical agents can result in physical damage, causing multiple chemical sensitivity and a variety of other disorders. Clinical ecologists often have a background in the field of allergy, not toxicology, and their th...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Clinical_ecology
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wikidoc
Medical genetics
Medical genetics # Overview Medical Genetics is the application of genetics to medicine. Medical genetics is a broad and varied field. It encompasses many different individual fields, including clinical genetics, biochemical genetics, cytogenetics, molecular genetics, the genetics of common diseases (such as neural tu...
Medical genetics # Overview Medical Genetics is the application of genetics to medicine. Medical genetics is a broad and varied field. It encompasses many different individual fields, including clinical genetics, biochemical genetics, cytogenetics, molecular genetics, the genetics of common diseases (such as neural tu...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Clinical_genetics
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Clinical officer
Clinical officer # Overview In sub-saharan africa, Clinical officers are clinicians who are trained and licensed to provide primary healthcare services. In kenya they developed as a separate profession in the 1920s when kenya was still a british colony to provide healthcare services to the native population. Their tra...
Clinical officer # Overview In sub-saharan africa, Clinical officers are clinicians who are trained and licensed to provide primary healthcare services. In kenya they developed as a separate profession in the 1920s when kenya was still a british colony to provide healthcare services to the native population. Their tra...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Clinical_officer
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wikidoc
Clonogenic assay
Clonogenic assay A clonogenic assay is a microbiology technique for studying the effectiveness of specific agents on the survival and proliferation of cells. It is frequently used in cancer research laboratories to determine the effect of drugs or radiation on proliferating tumor cells. Although this technique can prov...
Clonogenic assay A clonogenic assay is a microbiology technique for studying the effectiveness of specific agents on the survival and proliferation of cells. It is frequently used in cancer research laboratories to determine the effect of drugs or radiation on proliferating tumor cells.[1] Although this technique can ...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Clonogenic_assay
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wikidoc
Cluttered speech
Cluttered speech # Background Cluttered speech is a common term for speech that becomes broken down, cluttered, or unintelligible due to a variety of reasons. Cluttered speech is often described as hurried, nervous, broken down, stuttering, stammering, and cluttering. # Normal Speech ## Stuttering The common usage ...
Cluttered speech Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Background Cluttered speech is a common term for speech that becomes broken down, cluttered, or unintelligible due to a variety of reasons. Cluttered speech is often described as hurried, nervous, broken down, stuttering, stammering, and clutterin...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cluttered_speech
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wikidoc
Cochlear implant
Cochlear implant # Overview A cochlear implant (CI) is a surgically implanted electronic device that provides a sense of sound to a person who is profoundly deaf or severely hard of hearing. The cochlear implant is often referred to as a bionic ear. Unlike hearing aids, the cochlear implant does not amplify sound, but...
Cochlear implant Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] # Overview A cochlear implant (CI) is a surgically implanted electronic device that provides a sense of sound to a person who is profoundly deaf or severely hard of hearing. The cochlear implant is often referred to as a bionic ear. Unlike hearing ai...
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cochlear_implant