question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
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GemciGemitis effective in | [
"Head and neck cancers",
"Pancreatic cancer",
"Small cell lung cancer",
"Soft tissue sarcoma"
] | B | Ref-Katzung 10/891 Gemitabine is an antimetabolite that is the drug of choice for pancreatic cancer | train | med_mcqa | null |
Definition of low birth weight: | [
"Wt <2.5kg",
"Wt <2kg",
"Wt < 1.5kg",
"Wt <1 kg"
] | A | Ref: Nelson's Textbook of Pediatrics. 19th EditionExplanation:Some important definitions in Neonatology Low birth weight: Birth weight of less than 2.5 kg irrespective of gestational age Very low birth weight: Birth weight of less than 1.5 kg irrespective of gestational age.Extremely low birth weight: Birth weight of l... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The pH of vagina in adult women is : | [
"4.5",
"6.5",
"7.5",
"7"
] | A | 4.5 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Acanthosis nigricans is associated with? | [
"Insulin resistance",
"Gastric carcinoma",
"Hyperpigmentation",
"All of the above"
] | D | Ans is 'd' i.e. All of the above * Acanthosis nigricans is a brown to black, poorly defined, velvety hyperpigmentation of the skin. It is usually found in body folds, such as the posterior and lateral folds of the neck, the armpits, groin, navel, forehead, and other areas.* It typically occurs in individuals younger th... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is most likely to produce a junctional scotoma | [
"Meningioma",
"Craniopharyngioma",
"Pituitary gland enlargement",
"All the above"
] | A | Junctional scotoma is due to lesion at junction of Optic nerve and chiasma. Which is m/c due to meningioma. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Burkitt's lymphoma is -a) B cell lymphomab) 6, 14 translocationc) Can present as abdominal massd) Radiotherapy is used in treatment | [
"a",
"bc",
"ac",
"b"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Following are side effects of Nimodipine except ? | [
"Hypotension",
"Flushing",
"Headache",
"Marked changes m GIT motility"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Marked changes in GI motility Hypotension, headache, drowsiness, nausea, ankle edema, palpitation and flushing are common side effects of DHPs (including nimodipine). o Change in GI motility (constipation) is more common with verapamil. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following exposure carries the maximum risk of transmisstion of HIV - | [
"Sexual intercourse",
"Blood transfusion",
"Trans-placental",
"Needle prick"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which parasite causes Cholangiocarcinoma | [
"Fasciola hepatica",
"Fasciola buski",
"Clonorchis sinensis",
"Paragonimus westermani"
] | C | Clonorchis Sinensis causes cholangiocarcinoma of liver, bileduct and Adenocarcinoma of pancreas | train | med_mcqa | null |
"Motor cyclist" fracture among the following | [
"Hinge fracture of base of skull",
"Ring fracture of base of skull",
"Depressed fracture of skull",
"Comminuted fracture of skull"
] | A | Hinge' fracture (Motorcyclist fracture) occurs when the linear fracture passes across the middle cranial fossa, separating the skull base into 2 halves, and may be caused by a heavy blow to the side of the head (e.g. in motorcycle accidents). Ref - Krishnan Vij 5th edition pg 300 | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 37 year old man is admitted to the hospital with shoness of breath, cyanosis, and fever. Chest x-ray films reveal consolidation of the right lower lobe with relative sparing of the remaining lobes.A clinical diagnosis of lobar pneumonia is made and suppoed by the results of sputum cultures. Which of the following is ... | [
"Haemophilus",
"Klebsiella",
"Streptococcus, alpha-hemolytic",
"Streptococcus, beta-hemolytic"
] | C | The clinical and radiologic characteristics of this patient's condition are consistent with lobar pneumonia, a respiratory infection that, in its classic presentation, involves a single pulmonary lobe. In 90% to 95% of cases, the etiologic agent is Streptococcus pneumoniae (AKA pneumococcus), an alpha-hemolytic strepto... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The drug which is used for long-term maintenance in opioid addiction - | [
"Naloxone",
"Nalorphine",
"Butarphanol",
"Methadone"
] | D | Drugs for long-term maintenance for opioid dependence (addiction) :- Methadone is the DOC. Alternatives are buprenorphine, LAAM, opioid antagonists (naltrexone). | train | med_mcqa | null |
Essential for tumor metastasis is - | [
"Angiogenesis",
"Tumorogenesis",
"Apoptosis",
"Inhibition of tyrosine kinase"
] | A | Harshmohan textbook of pathology 7th edition. tumour angiogenesis play a very significant role in metastasis since the new vessels formed as apa of growing Tumor are more vulnerable to invasion because this evolving vessels are directly in contact with cancer.. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not true about amoebiasis? | [
"ALA in 10% causes in tropics",
"Poal system efficient filter",
"Abscess due to suppuration",
"Abscess wall good for culture"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Abscess due to suppuration Amebic liver abscess o Pus in amoebic liver abscess is not due to suppuration, but is a mixture of sloughed liver tissue and blood. o It is chocolate brown in colour and thick in consistency (anchovy sauce pus) o In the tropics 2-10% of the individuals infected with entamoeb... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following structures are associated with Bell's palsy? | [
"Submandibular gland",
"Seventh cranial nerve",
"Temporomandibular joint",
"Glossopharyngeal nerve"
] | B | Bell's Palsy (Seventh Nerve Paralysis, Facial Paralysis)
Bell's palsy is one of the most common neurologic disorders affecting the cranial nerves. It is an abrupt, isolated, unilateral, peripheral facial nerve paralysis without detectable causes. It is a disturbance of Seventh Cranial Nerve.
Recurrent attacks of faci... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Not a feature of chronic liver disease | [
"Hepatomegaly",
"Variceal bleeding",
"hepatic encephalopathy",
"Koilonychia"
] | D | Koilonychia is not a feature of chronic liver disease. | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are true about nasolabial cyst Except: | [
"Arises from odontoid epithelium",
"Presents subrnucosally in anterior nasal floor",
"Bilateral",
"Usually seen in adults"
] | A | Nasolabial cyst - Nasolabial cyst is a rare nonodontogenic developmental cyst. - It is believed to be derived from remnants of the nasolacrirnal duct. - Seen most often in adults in the 4th to 6th decades of life. - It has strong female predilection. 3:1 female-to-male ratio - It is usually unilateral. Bilateral in 10%... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Each of the following is a feature of papillary hyperplasia except one. Which one is not true? | [
"It is a proliferative bone disease",
"It can be caused by wearing the dentures at night",
"It can be caused by poor oral hygiene",
"It can be caused by an ill-fitting denture"
] | A | Paget’s disease of bone is a bone disease characterized by bone resorption followed by attempts at bone repair involving proliferation leading to bone deformities. Its etiology is unknown and it occasionally involves the maxilla and mandible. Papillary hyperplasia is characterized by multiple papillary projections of t... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Traetment for periductal mastitis | [
"Hadfield's operation",
"Patey's mastectomy",
"Modified radical mastectomy",
"Radical mastectomy"
] | A | Duct cectasia is the dilatation of lactiferous ducts due to muscular relaxation of duvt wall with periductal mastitis. C/f: greenish dicharge from nipple. Slit like retraction of nipple due to fibdosis can occur May form abcess and fistula Treatment : To stop smoking Antibiotics Cone excision of major ducts-Hadfield op... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following strategy has been recommended to reduce the heredity risk for ovarian cancer in women with BRCA - 1 and BRCA - 2 mutations: | [
"Use of oral contraceptive pills",
"Screening with transvaginal ultrasound",
"Screening with CA - 125",
"Prophylactic oophorectomy"
] | D | As discussed in previous question:
• BRCA-1 and BRCA-2 are tumour suppressor genes.
• Individuals who inherit mutations of BRCA-1 and BRCA-2 are highly susceptible for the development of hereditary breast or ovarian cancer. The mutations are inherited as autosomal dominant.
Strategies for prevention of hereditary ovari... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Ulcus serpens is caused by- | [
"Pseudomonas pyocynaeceous",
"Pneumoeoccus",
"Corynebacteria",
"Gonorrhoea niesseria"
] | B | The characteristic hypopyon corneal ulcer caused by Pneumococcus is called 'ulcus serpens'. Reference:Comprehensive Ophthalmology,AK Khurana,6th edition,pg no.102 | train | med_mcqa | null |
The metabolic dearrangement in congenital pyloric stenosis is | [
"Hypochloremic alkalosis",
"Hyperchloremic alkalosis",
"Hyperchloremic acidosis",
"Hypochloremic acidosis"
] | A | The classical presentation is non bilious vomiting begining at 3-6 weeks of age Severity and frequency of vomiting increases gradually Persistant vomiting leads to malnutrition,dehydration and hypochloremic alkalosis. constipation is usual Diagnosis is based on history and palpability of mass. Ref : ESSENTIAL PEDIATRIC... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which artery does not contribute to little's area - | [
"Septal branch of facial artery",
"Anterior ethmoidal artery",
"Sphenopalantine A",
"Posterior ethmoidal A"
] | D | Common Sites of Bleeding | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common thyroid Cancer is | [
"Papillary carcinoma",
"Follicular carcinoma",
"Medullary carcinoma",
"Anaplastic carcinoma"
] | A | Papillary carcinoma of thyroid: - constitutes >85% of all thyroid carcinoma - occurs due to mutation of genes encoding: *RET gene *NTRK1 receptor tyrosine kinases *BRAF gene These tumours may be solitary or multivocal. On microscopy: - branching papillae with fibrovascular stalk lined by cuboidal epithelium - nuclei of... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Not a feature of delirium tremens is: | [
"Confusion (clouding of consciousness)",
"Visual hallucinations",
"Coarse tremors",
"Occulomotor nerve palsy (ophthalmoplegia)"
] | D | D i.e. Occulomotor nerve palsy opthalmoplegia | train | med_mcqa | null |
A female child with virilization, hypertension with low plasma renin diagnosis is : | [
"21α hydroxylase deficiency",
"11 β hydroxylase deficiency",
"3β hydroxylase deficiency",
"Conn’s syndrome"
] | B | 9] Congenital adrenal hyperplasia represents a group of autosomal recessive inherited, metabolic errors,
each characterized by decency or total lack of a particular enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of cortical steroids,
Steroidogenesis is then channelled into other pathways leading to increased production of androge... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The impression material that is mainly composed of sodium or potassium salts of alginic acid is _____. | [
"Polyether",
"Irreversible hydrocolloid",
"Polyvinyl siloxane",
"Polysulfide"
] | B | Irreversible hydrocolloid (IH) or alginate is the material of choice to produce diagnostic casts. Its composition is mainly sodium or potassium salts of alginic acid. They react chemically with calcium sulfate to produce insoluble calcium alginate. | train | med_mcqa | null |
This condition is caused by: | [
"Paralytic Ileus",
"Hyperkalemia",
"Acute intestinal obstruction",
"Malnutrition"
] | A | Ans. (a) Paralytic Ileus.Image shows presence of multiple air fluid levels suggestive of paralytic ileus. Causes are--1. Postoperative2. Infection - typhoid3. Reflex - following fractures of spine or retroperitoneal hemorrhage4. Uremia - following prostatectomy5. Hypokalemia Image source- style="font-family: Times New ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
An army jawan posted in a remote forest area had fever and headache. His fever was 104degF and pulse was 70 per min. He had an erythematous lesion of about 1 cm on the leg surrounded by small vesicles, along with generalized lymphadenopathy at the time of presentation to the referral hospital. His blood sample was coll... | [
"High OX-2",
"High OX-19",
"High OX-K",
"High OX-19 and OX-2"
] | C | The history and clinical features described are suggestive of scrub typhus. OX-K is specific for scrub typhus. Scrub typhus is transmitted by trombiculid mites which are found in areas of heavy scrub vegetation. The bite of this mite leaves a characteristic black eschar that is useful to the doctor for making the diagn... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Paralysis of 3rd, 4th, 6th, nerves with involvement of ophthalmic division of 5th nerve, localizes the lesion to - | [
"Cavernous sinus",
"Apex of orbit",
"Brainstem",
"Base of skull"
] | A | Cavernous sinus lesions may be associated with paralysis of 3rd, 4th, 5th (ophthalmic and maxillary divisions) and 6th nerve on account of its characteristic relations. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Materia alba | [
"Lack microorganisms",
"Has an irritating effect on gingiva",
"Has a regular internal pattern",
"Is only salivary protein and food debris"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
About SUPERANTIGENS true is | [
"Immune response is increased by 5%",
"Needs to be processed before presentation",
"They are presented by APCs to T cell",
"Directly attached to latrel aspect of TCR beta chain"
] | D | Super antigens are molecules that can interact with antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and T-lymphocytes in a non-specific manner.
These antigens do not involve the endocytic processing as required in typical antigen presentation.
Interaction of superantigens with MHC class II molecules of the APC and the V~ domain of t... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A twitch of motor unit is called | [
"Myoclonic jerk",
"Tremor",
"Fasciculation",
"Chorea"
] | C | Fasciculations are jerky, visible contractions of groups of muscle fibres as a result of pathological discharge of spinal motor neurons. (REF TEXTBOOK OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY GEETHA N 2 EDITION, PAGE NO - 50) | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about gastric acid secretion: | [
"Secretion ,l,ses with secretin",
"H2 blockers prevent release",
"Total acid output indicates parietal cell mass activity",
"All"
] | D | A i.e. Secretion decreases with secretin B i.e., H2 blocker prevents relapse C i.e., Total acid output indicates parietal cell mass activity | train | med_mcqa | null |
Final common pathway of metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and protein metabolism is ? | [
"TCA cycle",
"Glycogenesis",
"Gluconeogenesis",
"None of the above"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., TCA cycle Tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle is a series of reactions through which final oxidation of acetyl CoA to CO, and H20 occurs along with generation of ATP.TCA cycle is the final common pathway of the oxidation of the acetyl CoA, formed from carbohydrates, fatty acids and amino acids.It provides ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common cause of acute cervicitis is : | [
"E. Coli",
"Chlamydia",
"Pseudomonas",
"Gonococcus"
] | D | Gonococcus | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 10 year old boy, Pappu, died of acute rheumatic fever. All the following can be expected at autopsy except : | [
"Ashoff nodules",
"Rupture of chordae tendinae",
"Mc Callum patch",
"Fibrinous pericarditis"
] | B | Answer is B (Rupture of Chordae tendinae) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Not seen in Alzheimer's Disease? | [
"Cerebral atrophy",
"Ventricular shrinkage",
"Sun downing",
"Apraxia"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Ventricular shrinkage [Ref: Harrison's 19th/e p. 2598-99 & 18th/e chapter 371\o MRI in Alzheimer's disease does not demonstrate ventricular shreinkage or Atrophy.o MRI in Alzheimer's disease demonstrate: -# Hippocampas atrophy# Posterior predominant cortical atrophy.o Topographical distribution of neu... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In Promyelocytic Leukemia, all of the following are features, except: | [
"Retinoic acid is used in treatment",
"15/17 translocation maybe seen",
"CD 15/34 both seen in same cell",
"Associated with Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIVC)"
] | C | CD 15 and CD 34 are not associated with Promyelocytic leukemia (PML). CD 15 is present on most Reed-Sternberg cells, associated with hodgkins lymphoma. CD 34 are seen in alveolar soft tissue sarcoma, pre B-ALL, AML, AML-M7, meningiomas, neurofibromas, schwannomas, and papillary thyroid carcinoma. Ref: Harrison's Princi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 25 year-old man from New Jersy after a fight incurs blunt trauma to his upper outer arm. On physical examination, there is a 2 x 3 cm contusion. He bleeds but the initial soft tissue bleeding stops in a few minutes and the size of the bruise does not increase. Which of the following chemical mediators is most impoant... | [
"Prostaglandin",
"Prostacyclin",
"Plasminogen",
"Thromboxane"
] | D | Thromboxane | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is the most common cause of 1st-trimester abortions : | [
"Chromosomal deletions",
"Aneuploidy",
"Chromosomal translocation",
"Tetraploidy"
] | B | Ans- B Aneuploidy Overall most common cause- Aneuploidy Most common cause among Aneuploidy types- Trisomy If both Trisomy and Aneuploidy are mentioned - Aneuploidy is the best answer since Trisomy is a type of Aneuploidy. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Not a posterior mediastinal tumor : | [
"Neurofibroma",
"Lymphoma",
"Thymoma",
"Gastroenteric cyst"
] | C | Ans is 'c' ie Thymoma Mediastinum- is situated b/w the lungs in the center of the thorax.It is divided into 3 compartmentsAnterior or Anterosuperior it lies in front of the anterior pericardium & tracheaMiddle mediastinum or Visceral compartment it lies within the pericardial cavity including the tracheaPosterior media... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following measures The amount of fetal blood entering maternal circulation: | [
"Kleihauer - Betke test",
"Singers test",
"APT test",
"Benedict test"
] | A | To know the exact amount of blood in maternal circulation,KLEIHAUER - BETKE test (acid elusion test)is done which is a quantitative test To distinguish between maternal and fetal blood in cases of vasa pre APT TEST is done which is a qualitative test. Benedict test is used for checking reducing sugars in the urine | train | med_mcqa | null |
An elderly patient presents with hypeension and diabetes, proteinuria without renal failure. Antihypeensive of choice is: | [
"Furosemide",
"Methyldopa",
"Enalapril",
"Propranolol"
] | C | Answer is C (Enalapril) ACE inhibitors (Enalapril) are the agents of choice for treatment of hypeension in diabetic patients with proteinuria. Indication Treatment of choice Hypeensive patient with protenuriae ACE inhibitors or Angiolensin Blocker Hypeensive patient with Diabetese ACE inhibitors or Angiotensin Blocker ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Iron supplementation in a healthy term breastfed baby should be staed at the age of | [
"2 weeks",
"4 weeks",
"6 weeks",
"8 weeks"
] | D | .However, human milk contains littleiron, so infants who are exclusively breastfed are at increased risk ofiron deficiency after 4 months of age. The clinical repo recommends giving breastfed infants 1 mg/kg/day of a liquid iron supplement until solid foods, such as iron-foified cereals, are introduced. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Not a synthetic pyrethroid insectiside | [
"Propoxur",
"Permethrin",
"Cypermethrin",
"Etofenoprox"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., PropoxurInectisides are divided into :Fumigants : Hydrogen cyanide, SO2, methyl bromide, carbon disulphate.Stomach poisons : Paris green, Sodium fluoride.Contact (nerve) poisons : These are divided into Natural : Pyrethrum, rotenone, Derris, nicotine, mineral oil.Synthetic : These are -Organophosphate... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Urea cycle is linked to TCA cycle by ? | [
"Arginine",
"Ornithine",
"Oxaloacetate",
"Fumarate"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Fumarate Fumarate is released during urea cycle, which is an intermediate of Kreb's cycle, thus linking the two. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 50 year old lady sprained her ankle 2 months back from which she made a steady recovery. 2 months after the injury she gradually developed severe pain in her right ankle with significant limitation of ankle movement. Clinical examination reveals edema and shiny skin. What is the likely diagnosis? | [
"Fibromyalgia",
"Complex Regional pain syndrome Type I {CRPS I}",
"Complex Regional pain syndrome Type II {CRPS II}",
"Peripheral Neuropathy"
] | B | COMPLEX REGIONAL PAIN SYNDROME (ALGODYSTROPHY) Sudeck, in 1900, described a condition characterized by painful osteoporosis of the hand. The same condition sometimes occurs after fractures of the extremities and for many years it was called Sudeck's atrophy. It is now recognized that this advanced atrophic disorder is ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Increased blood levels of cholesterol that are seen in hypothyroidism are most likely due to - | [
"Decreased calorigenesis",
"Decreased production of LDL receptor in liver and the thus decreased clearance by liver",
"Decreased production of LDL receptor in the adipose tissue and increased release of cholesterol from adipose tissues",
"Increased breakdown of lipoproteins releasing cholesterol in circulatio... | B | Ans- B Thyroid hormone increases the hepatic expression of LDL receptor. Hence in hypothyroidism there is reduction in hepatic LDL receptor So there is reduced clearance of LDL. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Method of autopsy in which various systems organs are removed en masse ? | [
"Rokitansky",
"Virchow",
"Gasses",
"Lettulle"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Lettulle Methods of removal of organs Virchow's technique - organs are removed one by one. Cranial cavity is exposed first, followed by thoracic, cervical & abdominal organs. Rokitansky's technique - It involves in situ dissection in pa, combined with enblock removal. Lettulle's technique - Cervical, ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is indication for using endogenous progesterone? | [
"Contraception",
"For diagnostic of secondary amenorrhea",
"Endometrial hyperplasia",
"All of the above"
] | D | The two most frequent uses of progestins are for contraception, either alone or with an estrogen, and in combination with estrogen for hormone therapy of postmenopausal women. Progestins also are used diagnostically for secondary amenorrhea. Progestins are highly efficacious in decreasing the occurrence of endometrial ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 35-year-old mother of two children is suffering from amenorrhea from last 12 month. She has a history of failure of lactation following second delivery but remained asymptomatic thereafter. Skull X-ray shows empty sella diagnosis is: | [
"Menopause",
"Pituitary tumor",
"Sheehan's syndrome",
"Intraductal papilloma of breast"
] | C | Ans. is c, i.e. Sheehan's syndromeRef: Williams Gynae 1st/ed, p374; Leon Speroff 7th/ed, p438; Jeffcoate 7th/ed, p582-583Here before arriving to any diagnosis lets first see the causes of:Empty Sella:* Congenital incompleteness of the sellar diaphragm.* Secondary to surgery/radiotherapy or infarction of pituitary tumor... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Primary investigation of choice in a patient with suspected subarachnoid haemorrhage should be: | [
"Non-contrast computed tomography",
"Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)",
"Contrast-enhanced computed tomography",
"Lumbar punture"
] | A | Here the investigation of choice is Non-contrast CT; if it is not successful lumbar puncture can be tried. The most sensitive investigation is Digital subtractions angiography of both carotid and veebral aeries. Ref: Mauricio Castillo (2006), Chapter 8, "Trauma", In the Book, "Neuroradiology Companion: Methods, Guideli... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In neonatal herpes, true is : | [
"Caused by HSV – II",
"Hepatosplenornegaly is diagnostic",
"Spontaneous recovery occurs",
"If not treated, disseminates"
] | A | Neonatal herpes infection :
It is commonly caused by HSV-2 (70% cases are caused by HSV - 2 and 30% caused by HSV - 1).
Case fatality rate exceeds 60% in untreated neonatal herpes.
The infection is acquired by passage through an infected genital tract at birth.
The greatest risk i.e. 50% transmission rate occurs with ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All statements about adult instussusception are true except: | [
"Idiopathic & more enteric rather than colonic",
"Lead point present in majority of cases",
"Resection of bowel is adequate for large bowel intussusception",
"Hydrostatic reduction with barium or air are done if bowel is not completely obstructed"
] | A | Ans: A (Idiopathic & more enteric rather than colonic) {Ref: L&B 26th/l 184-85,187 & 25th/79-81; Sabiston 18th/ 2063-64]"Most intussusceptions can be reducednon-operatively using an air or barium enema- L & B 25th/ 81'Adult cases of intussusceptions are invariably associated with a lead point, which is usually a polypf... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Surgical treatment for asymptomatic uterine myoma is indicated if | [
"If myoma is pedunculated",
"Tumour is larger than size of 3months pregnancy",
"Diagnosis is unceain",
"All the above"
] | D | Management of myomas: Asymptomatic : observation with regular follow up Size < 12 weeks Uncomplicated pregnancy with fibroid Surgery: Size > 12weeks Cornual fibroid causing infeility Pedunculated cornual fibroid Pregnancy with torsion of pedunculated fibroid Symptomatic myoma: Medical: Hormones to shrink the fibroid _ ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Best indicator of growth monitoring in children | [
"Weight",
"Mid-arm circumference",
"Rate of increase in height & weight",
"Head circumference"
] | C | Rate of increase in height or weight as age advances- Best indicator of growth monitoring in children Uses of growth cha:- 1) For growth monitoring 2) Diagnostic tool for identifying "high risk" children 3) Planning and policy making 4) Education tool 5) Tool for action Mid arm circumference, Body weight and chest circ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
'Routine care' in Neonatal resuscitation consists of all of the following steps EXCEPT: | [
"Provide warmth to all babies",
"Suction airway of all babies",
"Dry the baby",
"Ongoing evaluation of vital parameters of all babies"
] | B | Suction airway of all babies- not recommended. 'Routine care' consists of : Provide warmth to all babies Proper positioning of baby Suction airways only if necessary Dry the baby Ongoing evaluation of vital parameters of all babies | train | med_mcqa | null |
The corpus luteum secretes : | [
"Oestrogens",
"Progesterone",
"Both",
"None"
] | C | Both Hormones secreted by corpus Luteum Progesteronedeg (Predominantly) Estrogendeg Inhibindeg Relaxin Progesterone along with estrogen from corpus luteum maintain the growth of the feilised ovum. This is essential till the luteal function is taken over by the placenta (called as Luteal-placental shift). | train | med_mcqa | null |
In a chronic alcoholic, all the following may be seen in the liver except - | [
"Fatty degeneration",
"Chronic hepatitis",
"Granuloma formation",
"Cholestatic hepatitis"
] | C | Alcoholic liver disease
There are three distinct forms of liver disease -
1. Hepatic steatosis (fatty liver)
2. Alcoholic hepatitis
(a) Acute alcoholic hepatitis
Focal necrosis
Cholestasis
Mallory hyaline bodies
(b) Chronic hepatitis
3. Alcoholic cirrhosis | train | med_mcqa | null |
The duration of treatment for streptococcal pharyngitis is: | [
"3 days",
"5 Days",
"7 days",
"10 days"
] | D | Ans. D. 10 daysStreptococcal sore throat presents as bilateral tonsil hypertrophy and erythema, with characteristic exudates. Treatment is with 10 days course of Penicillin V or a first generation cephalosporin. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Man is secondary host for - | [
"Malaria",
"Tuberculosis",
"Filariasis",
"Relapsing fever"
] | A | Intermediate host-man Definitive host-mosquito Asexual development-manSexual development-mosquito Sporozoite infective form.Sporozoites are present in the salivary gland of the mosquito .Man gets infection by the bite of female anopheles mosquito (refer pgno:55 baveja 3 rd edition) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Not included in Gredenigo syndrome | [
"Retro-orbital pain",
"Ear discharge",
"Nystagmus",
"Diplopia"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is only vascular disease with panarteritis where internal elastic lamina is preserved | [
"Buerger's disease",
"Takayasu arteritis",
"Raynaud's disease",
"Churg Strauss syndrome"
] | A | Buerger's disease is only panarteritis where internal elastic lamina is preserved. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following about atherosclerosis is true? | [
"Intake of unsaturated fatty acid associated with decreased risk",
"Thoracic aoa involvement is more \"Severe than abdominal aoa involvement",
"Extent of lesion in veins is same as that in aeries",
"Hypercholesterolemia does not always increase the risk of atherosclerosis per se"
] | A | Atherogenesis is the developmental process of atheromatous plaques. It is characterized by a remodeling of aeries leading to subendothelial accumulation of fatty substances called plaques. The buildup of an atheromatous plaque is a slow process, developed over a period of several years through a complex series of cellu... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about salivary gland :a) There are more than 400 minor glandsb) 90% of all parotid tumors are malignantc) 90% of minor salivary tumors are malignantd) Superficial paratidectomy done in parotid tumorse) Wahim's tumor common in parotid | [
"bde",
"acde",
"abcd",
"abde"
] | B | While the paired parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands comprise the major salivary glands, the minor salivary glands include approximately 500-1,000 simple tuboalveolar glands distributed throughout the submucosa of the upper aerodigestive tract. These glands are predominately mucous secreting. The minor saliva... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Among the folowing, which one is a Long acting Beta agonist? | [
"Salbutamol",
"Propranolol",
"Salmeterol",
"Terbutaline"
] | C | Salmeterol | train | med_mcqa | null |
Disinfective action of chlorine is due to which of the following? | [
"Hypochlorite",
"Hypochlorine",
"Hypochlorous acid",
"None"
] | C | Ans. c (Hypochlorous acid) (Ref. Park Textbook of PSM 22nd/pg. 663).CHLORINATION: Disinfective action of chlorine is mainly due to Hypochlorous acid and to a small extent due to theHypochlorous ions.# H2O + Cl2 (r) HCI + HOCI.# HOCI (r) H = OCI# Chlorine acts best when pH of water is 7.Principles of chlorination are:# ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Subcapsular sinus is seen in | [
"Lymph node",
"Spleen",
"Thymus",
"None"
] | A | Inderbir Singh's Human Histology Seventh edition Pg 131 Subcapsular sinus is one of the most impoant characteristic features of lymph nodes | train | med_mcqa | null |
Ram has a 4 ml lignocaine vial of 2% solution. How much lignocaine is present in 1 ml ? | [
"2 mg",
"8 mg",
"20 mg",
"200 mg"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Trachoma inclusion bodies in conjunctival smear are detected by: | [
"Giemsa stain",
"Iodine stain",
"Immunofluorescent staining",
"All of the above"
] | D | Ans. All of the above | train | med_mcqa | null |
The common organism isolated in Emphysematous pyelonephritis is - | [
"E.Coli",
"Proteus",
"Pseudomonas",
"Klebsiella"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are true regarding typhoid fever, except - | [
"Peak incidence 30-50 years",
"No non human reservoir",
"Carriers for years",
"Life long immunity carmot be acquired"
] | A | Typhoid fever Clinical features are outlined in Box 11.42. The incubation period is typically about 10-14 days but can be longer, and the onset may be insidious. The temperature rises in a stepladder fashion for 4 or 5 days with malaise, increasing headache, drowsiness and aching in the limbs. Constipation may be cause... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The Most common type of imperforate anus is | [
"Anal stenosis",
"Anal agenesis",
"Anorectal agenesis",
"Membranous atresia"
] | C | (C) Anorectal agenesis # Imperforate anus> (The term is used as a well-recognised description. Strictly it should be 'agenesis' and 'atresia' of the rectum and anus.)> One infant in 4500 is born with an imperforate anus, or with imperfect fusion of the post-allantoic gut with the proctodaeum.> The condition is divided ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
What is the most likely diagnosis? | [
"Candidiasis",
"Geographic tongue",
"Herpes zoster",
"Lichen planus"
] | C | Answer C. Herpes zoster The vesicular eruptions along the V3 trigeminal dermatome, including the left side of the tongue and mandible, are most consistent with a diagnosis of herpes zoster infection. The patient was prescribed a 2-week course of oral valacyclovir. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Teenage pregnancy is associated with all except: | [
"Caesarean Section is more common",
"Eclampsia more common",
"Post dated pregnancy",
"| Maternal moality rate"
] | C | Ans. is c i.e. Post dated pregnancy Friends- Teenage pregnancy is not only a new topic for PGME exams but has envolved as an emerging problem in our daily OPD'S Hence I am giving in detail about Teenage pregnancy. Defination Teenage pregnancy is defined as pregnancy occurring in a girl below the age of 19. It can be di... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are true regarding disinfectants except aEUR' | [
"Glutaraldehyde is sporicidal",
"Hypochlorites are virucidal",
"Ethylene oxide is intermediate disinfectant",
"Phenol usually requires organic matter to act"
] | D | Phenol is bactericidal and readily inactivated organic matter Phenols are bactericidal, but these are not readily inactivated by organic matter. Disinfectant Effective against Susceptible to organic matter Bacteria Spores Virus Formaldehyde +++ +++ +++ - Glutaraldehyde +++ +++ +++ ? Chlorine (hypochlorite) +++ +1- +++ ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Ca prostate commonly metastasises to the veebrae ? | [
"Because valveless communication exist with Batson's periprostatic plexus",
"Via drainage to Sacral lymph node",
"Of direct Spread",
"None of above"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Because valveless communication exist with Batson's periprostatic plexus | train | med_mcqa | null |
Upper three fouh of vagina is formed by? | [
"Mullerian duct",
"Urogenital sinus",
"Sinovaginal bulb",
"Wolfian duct"
] | C | Sinovaginal bulbREF: Gray's anatomy 39th ed p-1385, Blueprints Obstetrics and Gynecology by Tamara L. Callahan, Aaron B. Caughey Page 140,Pediatric and adolescent gynecology by Marc R. Laufer, Donald Peter Goldstein Page 337See APPENDIX-5 for "Adult derivatives and vestigial remains of embryonic urogenital structures" ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Followings are the symptoms of carcinoid symptoms a) Wheezing b) Flushing c) Cyanosis d) Clubbing e) Diarrhoea | [
"abe",
"ab",
"ac",
"bc"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
The type of embolism seen in fractures of long bones: | [
"Thrombo embolism",
"Air embolism",
"Fat embolism",
"Amniotic fluid embolism"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sweaty feet odor is seen in | [
"Maple syrup urine disease",
"Gauchers disease",
"Isovaleric acidemia",
"Phenylketonuria"
] | C | Sweaty feat odor - Isovaleric AcidemiaSmoky sweat - MSUDMousy or Musty - PhenylketonuriaBoiled cabbage - TyrosinemiaIn alkaptonuria - urine becomes darkish brown when exposed to air while purplish brown in porphyria(Refer: Nelson's Textbook of Pediatrics, SAE, 1st edition, pg no. 651) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drug of choice for treatment of infection caused by methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus is: | [
"Macrolides",
"Third generation cephalosporins",
"Carbapenems",
"Glycopeptides"
] | D | GLYCOPEPTIDE ANTIBIOTICS Vancomycin It is a glycopeptide antibiotic discovered in 1956 as a penicillin substitute which has assumed special significance due to efficacy against MRSA Strep. viridans, Enterococcus and Cl. difficile. It is bactericidal to gram-positive cocci, Neisseria, Clostridia and diphtheroids. Howeve... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The best time period to give preoperative antibiotics : | [
"Within 1 hour prior to incision",
"Within 6 hour prior to incision",
"Just before incision",
"Just before induction of anaesthesia"
] | A | It is best to give antibiotics within 1 hour prior to surgical site incision. There is two exception to this rule i. Vancomycin should be given 2 hours prior ii. When tourniquet is used it should be given before inflation of tourniquet. The most common organisms implicatedas causes of surgical site infections include: ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In a child on lower lip exophytic growth, finger like projections and hyperkeratosis, same type of growth on dorsal surface of left thumb which is shorter than right thumb is? | [
"Squamous cell carcinoma",
"Acantholysis",
"Papilloma",
"Verrucous carcinoma"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Enzyme activity measured in beri beri is | [
"Transketolase",
"Transaminase",
"Decarboxylase",
"Deaminases"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 28-year-old lady is suspected to have the polycystic ovarian disease. The sample for testing LH & FSH are best taken on the following days of the menstrual cycle | [
"10-Aug",
"4-Jan",
"13-15",
"24-26"
] | B | Serum FSH concentrations vary significantly across the cycle, hence serum FSH concentration is best obtained during the early follicular phase (cycle day 2–4) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which one of the following tests can be used to study ordinal date from two independence samples from a population that is not noraml distributed? | [
"The student t test",
"The wilcoxon rank sum test",
"The chi- square test",
"The one - way analysis of variance"
] | B | . | train | med_mcqa | null |
The risk factor for increased incidence of relapse in stage I, carcinoma breast includes all except - | [
"negative estrogne / progesterone receptor status",
"High 's' phase",
"Aneuploidy",
"Decreased Her-2/neu oncogene"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Chandler's endemic index is used in: | [
"Dengue hemorrhagic fever",
"Malaria",
"Hookworm infestation",
"Cholera"
] | C | Ans: C (Hookworm infestation) Ref: Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, K Park.20th edition, page no. 2/5Explanation:Chandler's endemic index - Hookworm InfestationEndemic index - Chandler worked out an index on the basis of average number of hookworm eggs per gram of faeces for the entire community, as below:Av... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The commonest variation in the arteries arising from the arch of aorta is - | [
"Absence of brachiocephalic trunk",
"Left vertebral artery arising from the arch",
"Left common carotid artery arising from brachiocephalic trunk",
"Presence of retroesophageal subclavian artery"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common Tumor seen in liver found incidentally in healthy individual is | [
"Hemangioma",
"Adenoma",
"Lymphoma",
"Hamartoma"
] | A | Ans. (a) HemangiomaRef: Bailey And Love 27th edition Page 1172* MC tumor identified in USG in Liver is Hemangioma* Diagnosis is usually incidental and surgical resection is recommended only for significantly symptomatic cases. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following statements is(are) true concerning the evaluation of the occlusion on a cast restoration? | [
"The restoration is in proper occlusion, if it holds shim stock.",
"The restoration is in proper occlusion, if the adjacent teeth hold shim stock.",
"The restoration is in proper occlusion, when articulating paper marks multiple points of contact on the restoration.",
"All of the above."
] | D | When checking the occlusion of a cast restoration, mylar paper or shim stock is a very accurate method for testing occlusal contacts. The procedure is to check with the mylar paper before placing the restoration in the teeth adjacent to the tooth to be restored and the opposing side. Place the restoration and check whe... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 16-year-old boy is found to have hypertension on routine evaluation. On examination, the blood pressure in his arms is higher than in his legs by more than 10 mm Hg. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? | [
"aortic insufficiency",
"coarctation of the aorta",
"normal variant",
"ventricular aneurysm"
] | B | Besides coarctation of the aorta, aortic occlusive disease, dissection of the aorta, and abdominal aneurysm may lead to differential blood pressure in arms and legs. Coarctation is the third most common form of congenital cardiac disease. One-third of the patients will be hypertensive. The femoral pulses are weak, dela... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Radioisotopes emit all the following except? | [
"Alpha Rays",
"Beta Rays",
"Gamma Rays",
"X-rays"
] | D | X rays are aificially produced in the Xray tube or by using LINAC(Linear Accelerator) Radioisotopes emit either Alpha Rays,Beta Rays and Gamma Rays | train | med_mcqa | null |
MHC restriction is a pa of all except ? | [
"Antiviral cytotoxic T cell",
"Antibacterial helper T cell/cytotoxic cells",
"Allograft rejection",
"Autoimmune disorder"
] | D | Ans. is d i.e., Autoimmune disorder MHC - Class I restriction Graft rejection Cytotoxic cell mediated cytolysis of viral infected or tumor cells. MHC - Class II restriction Graft versis host response Mixed leukocyte reaction | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which aery Supplies the deep cerebellar nuclei | [
"Anterior inferior cerebellar aery",
"Anterior spinal aery",
"Posterior cerebral aery",
"Superior cerebellar aery"
] | D | The superior cerebellar aery supplies the superior surface of the cerebellum and the cerebellar nuclei (dentate nucleus) | train | med_mcqa | null |
RGD Motifs does not include | [
"Arginine",
"Alanine",
"Glycine",
"Aspartate"
] | B | Sequence of A.A. in RGD motifs is Arginine, Glycine and Aspartate. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common tumor of kidney in children is: | [
"Wilms' tumor",
"Neuroblastoma",
"Polycystic kidney disease",
"Renal cell carcinoma"
] | A | a. Wilms' tumor(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 2464-2465)Wilms' tumor (WT), also known as nephroblastoma, is the most common primary malignant renal tumor of childhood;It is the second most common malignant abdominal tumor in childhood.The most common sites of metastases from Wilms tumor are the lungs, regional lymph nodes, and ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A man found dead in suspicious situation. Injuries are seen all over the body. Antemoem injury is characterized by all, EXCEPT: | [
"Wound gaping",
"Aerial bleeding",
"Vital reaction present",
"Diminished enzyme activity"
] | D | Difference between ante-moem and post-moem wounds: Trait Ante-moem wounds Post-moem wounds Edges The edges are swollen, eveed, retracted, and wound gapes. Edges do not gape, but are closely approximated. Haemorrhage Abundant and usually aerial. Slight or more and venous Spuing Signs of spuing of aerial blood on the bod... | train | med_mcqa | null |
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