question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All of the following drug is a reverse transcriptase inhibitor | [
"Indinavir",
"Ritonavir",
"Nelfinavir",
"Abacavir"
] | D | Refer KDT 6/e p772 All drugs ending with navir are protease inhibitors. Abacavir is an NI | train | med_mcqa | null |
Stomach is supplied by | [
"Celiac trunk",
"Splenic aery",
"Gastroduodenal aery",
"Inferior pancreaticoduodenal aery"
] | D | The left gastric aery is a branch of celiac trunk. The left gastroepiploic aery supplies left half of greater curvature of the stomach is a branch of splenic aery. The sho gastric aeries that supply the fundus are also branches of the splenic aery. The right gastroepiploic aery that supplies the right half of greater c... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Anniversary reaction is associated with which disorder? | [
"Adjustment disorder",
"Acute stress reaction",
"Grief reaction",
"Post traumatic stress disorder"
] | C | Anniversary reaction Type of grief reaction Grief occurs on a special occasion and there is rekindling of grief Occurs on same day when a person has died In the severe form it can even lead to sucide attempt | train | med_mcqa | null |
Angle of mandible is supplied by - | [
"Greater Auricular nerve",
"Lesser occipital nerve",
"Auriculotemporal nerve",
"None of the above"
] | A | Skin over angle of jaw (mandible) is supplied by anterior division of great auricular nerve. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Weber Fechner law is related to ? | [
"Phantom limb",
"Force of contraction in hea",
"Intensity of stimulus and sensation felt",
"Coical plasticity"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Intensity of stimulus and sensation felt | train | med_mcqa | null |
Dacron vascular graft is a: | [
"Nontextile synthetic",
"Textile synthetic",
"Nontextile biologic",
"Textile biologic"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Kamli Rath 75 yrs old woman present with post-myocardial infarction after 6 weeks with mild CHF. There was past H/O neck surgery for parathyroid adenoma 5 years ago, EKG shows slow atrial fibrillation. Serum Ca+2 13.0 mg/L and urinary Ca2+ is 300 mg/ 24 hr. On examination, there is small mass in the Para tracheal posi... | [
"Repeat neck surgery",
"Treatment with technetium - 99",
"Observation and repeat serum Ca+2 in two months",
"Ultrasound-guided alcohol injection of the mass"
] | D | This patient operated previously for parathyroid adenoma, is having recurrent hyperparathyroidism.
In the setting of recent myocardial infarction, CHF and atrial fibrillation, any operation carries a high risk. Furthermore, an operation on a previously operated neck is quite difficult.
Alcohol ablation of the mass with... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Microorganism which causes pyogenic osteomyelitis is ? | [
"Streptococcus",
"Staph aureus",
"Corynebacterium",
"Neisseria gonorrhoeae"
] | B | Staphylococcus aureus causes 80-90% of cases of acute pyogenic osteomyelitis. S aureus has a receptor for collagen, which contributes to its pathogenicity. Other organisms that cause osteomyelitis include: Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas in intravenous drug users and patients with urinary tract infections. Haemophilus... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Nerve involved due to lunate dislocation? | [
"Median",
"Radial",
"Axillary",
"Ulnar"
] | A | Ans. A. MedianLunate dislocations are an uncommon traumatic wrist injury that require prompt management and surgical repair. The lunate is displaced and rotated volarly. Patients present with wrist pain following a fall. Volar wrist swelling is usually prominent. The swelling often causes a decrease in 2-point discrimi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Treatment for clostridial myonecrosis is : | [
"Amikacin",
"Penicillin",
"Ampicillin",
"Gentamicin"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
The initial investigation of choice for a post cholecystectomy biliary stricture is | [
"Ultrasound guided aspiration",
"ERCP and stenting",
"Computed tomography",
"Magnetic resonance imaging"
] | C | Computed Tomography CT is probably the best initial study, the results which help direct fuher investigations A good quality CT scan shows a dilated biliary tree and helps localise the level of ductal obstruction in patients with strictures CT identities fluid collections or ascites, which may suggest the possibility o... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Osteoporosis is characterized by- | [
"Increased serum alkaline phosphatase",
"Decreased bone density",
"Wasting of muscles",
"Looser's zone seen"
] | B | *Osteoporosis is characterized by an abnormally low bone mass and defects in bone structure, a combination of which renders the bone unusually fragile and at greater than normal risk of fracture. * Osteoporosis means "porous bones," causes bones to become weak and brittle -- so brittle - that even mild stresses like be... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the folloeing true about libman sac's endocarditis | [
"It is along the line of closure",
"On either side of valve",
"It is friable",
"Organism are seen"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., On either side of valve | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not a differential for solitary pulmonary nodule | [
"Tuberculosis",
"Hamaoma",
"Bronchial adenoma",
"Neurofibroma"
] | D | Causes for solitary pulmonary nodule:Granulomatous1. Tuberculoma - more common in the upper lobes and on the right side. Well-defined; 0.5-4 cm. 25% are lobulated. Calcification frequent. 80% have satellite lesions 2. Histoplasmoma - in endemic areas (Mississippi and the Atlantic coast of USA). More frequent in the low... | train | med_mcqa | null |
First formed hard tissue in the tooth is: | [
"Enamel",
"Dentine",
"Pulp",
"Cementum"
] | B | Dentin is first hard tissue in tooth to be formed (From DEJ towards pulp).
Enamel is 2nd (just after 1st layer of dentin formed) hard tissue in tooth to be formed (from cuspal or incisal area). | train | med_mcqa | null |
Concealed puncture wounds are seen over the following regions except | [
"Nape of neck",
"Inner canthus of eye",
"Wrist",
"Vagina"
] | C | CONCEALED PUNCTURED WOUNDS: Puncture wounds on the concealed pas of body Sites: Nostrils, fontanelles, inner canthus of eyes, axilla, vagina, rectum and the nape of the neck. Fatal penetrating injuries without leaving any visible external marks or bleeding. are caused by cylinderical weapons/instruments eg. ice pics et... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about cerebello pontine angle tumor are : | [
"Tinnitus",
"Diplopia",
"Lost corneal reflex",
"All the above"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Antimitotic drugs of plant source is/are? | [
"Vincristine",
"Isotretinoin",
"Bleomycine",
"Methotraxate"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Vincristine | train | med_mcqa | null |
Strongest flexor of the hip is - | [
"Sartorious",
"Gluteus maximus",
"iliopsoas muscle",
"Pectineus"
] | C | Psoas major and Iliacus together known as iliopsoas, are the chief flexors of the hip. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Changes in blood passing through the systemic capillaries are all except | [
"Increase in hemotocrit",
"pH decreases",
"Shift of oxygen dissociation curve to the left",
"Increase in protein content"
] | C | In systemic capillaries pO2<CO2The decrease in O2 affinity of hemoglobin when the pH of blood falls is called the Bohr effect and is closely related to the fact that deoxygenated hemoglobin which occure in systemic capillaries. The pH of blood falls as its CO2 content increases, so that when the PCO2 rises, the curve s... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Cardiotoxicity of bupivacaine - | [
"Depressed pacemaker activity",
"Toxic compound damaging myocardial cells",
"Depressed neural control on hea",
"Vascular thrombosis and Myocardial ischemia"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Depressed pacemaker activity o Local anaesthetics block cardiac sodium channels and thus depress abnormal cardiac pacemaker activity, excitability, and conduction. At extremely high concentrations, local anaesthetics can also block calcium channels. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drug of choice for maintenance therapy in PSVT is- | [
"Amiodarone",
"Lignocaine",
"Verapamil",
"Adenosine"
] | C | Ans. is c' i.e., Verapamilo Amongst the options provided Verapamil is the drug of choice for maintenance therapy in pateints with PSVT.Treatment options for Supraventricular Tachycardiao Physiologic interventionRestValsalva maneuvers : Gag reflex, ice packs, etcCarotid massageAvoidance of inciting factors : Caffeine, t... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pupillary light reflex related with all except | [
"Retina",
"Pretectal nucleus",
"Edinger - westphal nucelus",
"Superficial longitudinal association tract"
] | D | The constriction of pupil upon projection of light is called pupillary reflex.Afferent pathway :Retina>>optic N>>optic tract>>pretectal nucleus >>edingher Westphal nucleusEfferent pathway:Edinger Westphal nucleus>> oculomotor N >>ciliary ganglion>>sho ciliary N>>sphincter pupillae.Superficial longitudinal fasciculus is... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following structures is least likely to be damaged during mandibular 3rd molar extraction | [
"Lingual artery",
"Lingual nerve",
"Inferior alveolar nerve",
"Inferior alveolar artery"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A young woman is given daily injections of a substance beginning on the sixteenth day of her normal menstrual cycle and continuing for 3 weeks. As long as the injections continue, she does not menstruate. The injected substance could be which of the following? | [
"FSH",
"An inhibitor of progesterone's actions",
"A PGE2 inhibitor",
"HCG"
] | D | HCG has the same stimulatory effect as LH on the corpus luteum. Administration of HCG would cause the corpus luteum to continue to secrete estrogen and progesterone, preventing degradation of the endometrium and the onset of menstruation | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drug of choice for surgically unresectable renal cell carcinoma is ? | [
"Sorafenib",
"Sunitinib",
"Imatinib",
"Cetuximab"
] | B | . | train | med_mcqa | null |
A young male falls from 15 feet and he gets a perineal hematoma and suprapubic mass. There is Injury to: | [
"Urinary bladder",
"Anus",
"Urethra",
"Rectus abdominiis"
] | C | Ans. (c) UrethraBailey 26th Edition, Page 1361* Ruptured bulbar urethra causes perineal hematoma typically with butterfly distribution. Retention of urine is typically present | train | med_mcqa | null |
Lymphogranuloma venerum is caused by : | [
"Chlamydia trachomatis",
"Hemophillus ducrei",
"Human T cell lymphoma virus type II",
"Donovania granulomatis"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e Chlamydia trachomatis Lymphogranuloma venerum is caused by Chlamydia trachomatis type I, II and III.Other frequently asked questionsDiseaseOrganismChancroid(soft chancre)*Granuloma inguinale*Chance*LGV*Hemophilus ducreiCalymmatobacterium granulomatis,T. PallidumChlamydia trachomatis type I, II and III | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following tumour metastasizes to ovary except : | [
"Gastric carcinoma",
"Colonic carcinoma",
"Cervical carcinoma",
"Breast carcinoma"
] | C | Cervical carcinoma | train | med_mcqa | null |
A female presents with significant blood loss du&;>> postpaum haemorrhage (PPH). What would be the shock index (HR/systolic BP)? | [
".7-0.9",
"0.5-0.7",
"0.9-1.1",
"0.1-0.5"
] | C | Shock index = Hea rate/Systolic BP Normal = 0.5-0.7 If it becomes 0.9-1.1 it indicates massive blood loss and need for intensive resuscitation Ref: Fernando Arias 4e pg 391. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Skin tuberculosis which involves skin after involving lymph nodes as shown below is = | [
"Lupus erythematosus",
"Lupus pernio",
"Scrofuloderma",
"None"
] | C | ANS- D Image Source- Figure : Axillary scrofuloderma with satellite lesion in anterior axillary fold Cutaneous mycobacterial infections are chronic granulomatous lesions affecting skin at various regions of the body. Micro-biologically they are classified as follows: Tuberculous, Pathogenic M tuberculosis M bovis M lep... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The life of preserved semen for aificial insemination is - | [
"One year",
"Two year",
"Five year",
"Ten year"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Ten years | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common tumor of Mandible | [
"Adamantinoma",
"Squamous cell carcinoma",
"Ameloblastoma",
"Chondrosarcoma"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pentavalent immunoglobin is- | [
"IgA",
"IgG",
"IgM",
"IgE"
] | C | IgM IgM is Pentavalent Ig It has max molecular weight It has max sedimentation coefficient IgM is produced first in immune response IgM plays a role in :- 1. Opsonisation 2. Classical complement pathway 3. IgM & IgD are present over B cell surface | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is least mineralized? | [
"Transparent dentin",
"Reactive dentin sclerosis",
"Reparative dentin",
"Reactionary dentin"
] | A | The physical occlusion of the tubular lumens increases the ability of light to pass through this localized region (i.e., increases its transparency). This dentin is referred to as transparent dentin. Dentin in this area is not as hard as normal primary dentin because of mineral loss in the intertubular dentin.
Successf... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Reactive tubercular ahritis: | [
"Spina ventusa",
"Pott's disease",
"Poncet's disease",
"None"
] | C | Ans. is. 'c' i. e. Poncet's disease | train | med_mcqa | null |
The length of the eyeball is – | [
"12mm",
"16 mm",
"20mm",
"24 mm"
] | D | The length of the eyeball is approximately 24 mm, So the distances from the cornea / crystalline lens to the retina and the focal length of optical rays focused by the cornea/crystalline lens propagating in the vitreous humor and imaging on the retina, are also about 24 mm. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following drugs is used for the prophylaxis of migraine but not for agina pectoris | [
"Verapamil",
"Diltiazem",
"Flunarizine",
"Amlodipine"
] | C | Ref-KDT 6/e p172 | train | med_mcqa | null |
The affinity of oxygen for Hb increased with fall in pH. This is called as ? | [
"Bain-Bridge effect",
"Bohr effect",
"Haldane effect",
"Herring effect"
] | B | Loading of CO2 causing unloading of °2 at tissue level is called Haldane effect. Herring Breur reflex is the prolongation of duration of expiration after increased inflation. This protects the lung from hyperinflation. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Wickham's striae is a feature of: September 2009, 2010, September 2012 | [
"Psoriasis",
"Pityriasis rosea",
"Lichen planus",
"Vitiligo"
] | C | Ans. C: Lichen Planus Lichen planus is an uncommon skin complaint. It is thought to be due to an abnormal immune reaction provoked by a viral infection (such as hepatitis C) or a drug. Inflammatory cells seem to mistake the skin cells as foreign and attack them. Classical lichen planus is characterized by shiny, flat-t... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Schneider's Ist rank symptoms seen in: | [
"Delusion",
"Hallusination",
"Schizoid personality",
"Schizophrenia"
] | D | D i.e. Schizophrenia | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is an indication of use of tissue conditioners | [
"Conditioning of abused tissues",
"Impression making",
"Surgical stent stabilizer",
"All of the above"
] | D | All of the above are indications of use of tissue conditioners. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common cause of small intestinal obstruction in adults is | [
"Malignancy",
"Crohn's disease",
"Hernia",
"Adhesions"
] | D | Adhesions account for more than 50% of small intestine obstruction. They follow appendicitis or other pelvic operations. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Surgeon excises a poion of liver to the left of the attachment of the falciform ligament. The segments that have been resected are | [
"Segment 1a and 4",
"Segment 1 and 4b",
"Segment 2 and 3",
"Segment 1 and 3"
] | C | Falciform ligament Falciform ligament is the most obvious external landmark on the liver surface Plane passing through the falciform ligament passes through the left lobe It divides the left lobe into a medial segment (Segment IV) and lateral segment (Segment II and III) Ref: Sabiston 20th edition Pgno : 1421 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Causes of nephrocalcinosis are -a) Hyperparathyroidismb) TB Kidneyc) Hypercalcemiad) Glomerulonephritise) MCD | [
"acd",
"bcd",
"abc",
"abd"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 16 years old female patient has abdominal lump that is movable and painless, upon exploratory laparotomy a cystic lump is found arising from mesentery, diagnosis is - | [
"Enterocele",
"Mesenteric cyst",
"Choledochal cyst",
"Pancreatic pseudocvst"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Mesenteric cyst Painless, mobile lump arising from mesentrv is mesentic cvstMesentric cyst present aso A painless abdominal swellingThe swelling moves freely in a plane at right angles to the attachment of the mesentrvo Recurrent attacks of abdominal pain with or without vomiting due to obstructive sy... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Destruction of which nucleus results in starvation? | [
"Lateral nucleus",
"Arcuate nucleus",
"Posterior nucleus",
"Suprachiasmatic nucleus"
] | A | Lateral nucleus
Stimulation induces eating.
Destruction results in starvation. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most commonly used treponemal test in diagnosis of syphilis is: | [
"TPI (Treponema pallidum immobilisation)",
"TPIA (Treponema pallidum immune adherence)",
"TPHA (Treponema pallidum haemagglutination)",
"FTA ABS (Fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test)"
] | C | TPHA is just as specific as FTA-ABS and almost as sensitive, except in the primary stage. It is also much simpler and more economical. No special equipment is needed. Kits are available commercially. These advantages have made TPHA a standard confirmatory test.
TPHA titres may fall rapidly following treatment in second... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Smack is | [
"LSD",
"Cocaine",
"Cannabis",
"Heroin"
] | D | Smack is synthetic opioid Ref : Krishnan vij Textbook of Forensic medicine and Toxicology 5th edtion ; pg no - 492 | train | med_mcqa | null |
A solid renal mass detected during prenatal ultrasound is most likely a | [
"Wilm's tumor",
"Neuroblastoma",
"Clear cell sarcoma",
"Mesoblastic nephroma"
] | D | Mesoblastic nephroma is the most common solid renal tumor identified in the neonatal period and the most frequent benign renal tumor in childhood. It represents 3-10% of all pediatric renal tumors. Many cases are diagnosed with prenatal ultrasound and can manifest as polyhydramnios, hydrops, and premature delivery. Mos... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient complains of muscle weakness. It was reversed on the administration of neostigmine, because: | [
"It blocks action of acetylcholine",
"It interferes with the action of mono amine oxidase",
"It interferes with the action of carbonic anhydrase",
"It interferes with the action of acetylcholine esterase."
] | D | Neostigmine acts by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. This enzyme is involved in degradation of ACh, consequently neostigmine increases the synaptic level of ACh. Muscle weakness can be improved by stimulation of NM receptors at muscle end plate due to increased ACh. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is false about digoxin? | [
"Dosage reduction is required in hepatic disease",
"Dosage reduction is required in renal failure",
"It can cause bradycardia",
"It increases the force of contraction in CHF"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Consent is required for: UP 11 | [
"Mass immunization",
"Medico-legal autopsy",
"Pathological autopsy",
"Treatment of unconscious patient"
] | C | Ans. Pathological autopsy | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 16 year old boy does not attend school because of the fear of being harmed by school mates. He thinks that his classmates laugh at and talk about him. He is even scared of going out to the market. He is most likely suffering from : | [
"Anxiety neurosis",
"Manic Depressive Psychosis",
"Adjustment reaction",
"Adjustment reaction"
] | D | D i.e. Schizophrenia | train | med_mcqa | null |
The two nitrogen atoms that are incorporated into the urea cycle. The source of the nitrogen is | [
"Glutamate & Aspaate",
"Aspaate & Arginine",
"Aspaate & NH3",
"Glutamate & NH3"
] | C | Two nitrogen atoms of urea are derived from two different sources, one from ammonia and the other directly from alpha amino group of aspaic acid.Ref: DM Vasudevan - Textbook of Biochemistry, 6th edition, page no: 203 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Immediate source of energy is | [
"Cori's cycle",
"HMP",
"ATP",
"TCA cycle"
] | C | In the living cell, the principal high-energy intermediate or carrier compound is adenosine triphosphate (ATP) The impoance of phosphates in intermediary metabolism became evident with the discovery of the role of ATP, adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and inorganic phosphate (Pi) in glycolysisATP plays a central role in th... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Small vessel vasculitis among the following is | [
"Takayasu disease",
"Temporal aeritis",
"PAN",
"Giant cell aeritis"
] | C | Polyaeritis nodosa is a systemic vasculitis of small or medium sized muscular aeries that typically involves the renal and visceral vessels and spares the pulmonary circulation Robbins 9 th edition page no. 352 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Normal waist-hip ration of a female is below? | [
"0.7",
"0.8",
"0.9",
"1"
] | B | park's textbook of preventive and social medicine 23rd edition. *waist -hip ratio in females - <0.85 and in males -< 1 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Bucket handle type of fractures are seen in | [
"Children",
"Soldiers",
"Edentulous persons",
"Young adults"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
First protein to be broken down for energy in prolonged starvation is from- | [
"Skeletal muscle",
"Smooth muscles",
"Kidney",
"Liver"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Skeletal muscle o Proteins are degraded in Skeletal muscles to liberate amino acids which are utilized for gluconeogenesis. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Palpable purpura is seen in – | [
"PAN",
"ITP",
"TTP",
"DIC"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Tuberclin test is reaction of - | [
"Anaphylaxis mediated",
"Cell mediated",
"Antibody mediated",
"Immune complex mediated"
] | B | Tuberculin test is type IV hypersensitivity reaction. - it is a cell mediated response. The antigen activates specifically sensitised CD4 & CD8 T lymphocytes leading to the secretion of lymphokines and phagocyte accumulation. Reference : Anathanarayan & paniker's 9th edition, pg no: 162 <\p> | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drug induced lupus can be identified by: | [
"Anti-histone antibodies",
"Double stranded DNA antibodies",
"Antinuclear antibodies",
"Anti-SM antibodies"
] | A | Anti-histone antibodies are positive in 50-100 % of the patients with drug induced lupus. The drugs most commonly associated with DIL are: ? Procainamide ? Hydralazine ? Quinidine ? Isoniazid So anti-histone antibodies are the single best answer of choice. Ref: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 16th Edition, ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most damaging feature of Class III malocclusion is | [
"Retroclined upper anterior teeth",
"Crowding of lower incisors",
"Deviated path of closure",
"Reduced over bite"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
New odontoblasts are differentiated from mesenchymal cells in: | [
"1 week",
"2 week",
"4-6 weeks",
"1 month"
] | B | In about 15 days new odontoblasts are differentiated from mesenchymal cells of the pulp and these odontoblasts lay down the reparative dentin. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Maximum refractive index ? | [
"Cornea",
"Air",
"Lens",
"Vitreous"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Lens Lens has maximum refractive index among the refractive structures of eye. The refractive indices of the successive layers of lens increase from the periphery towards the nucleus. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Posterior to transverse pericardial sinus is: | [
"Aoa",
"Pulmonary trunk",
"SVC",
"Left atrium"
] | C | * Transverse pericardial sinus lies between the aoa and pulmonary trunk anteriorly and the superior vena cava posteriorly. Boundaries :- Below-left atrium Above - bifurcation of pulmonary trunk Behind(posterior)- superior vena cava In front- ascending aoa and pulmonary trunk * Clinically, in cardiac surgery, temporary ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The 40 nm gap in between the tropocollagen molecule in collagen which serves as the site of bone formation is occupied by which of the following | [
"Carbohydrate",
"Ligand moiety",
"Ca++",
"Fe++"
] | C | In bone, entire collagen triple helices lie in a parallel, staggered array. 40 nm gaps between the ends of the tropocollagen subunits serve as nucleation sites for the deposition of long, hard, fine crystals of the mineral component, which is (approximately) hydroxyapatite, Ca5(PO4)3 (OH), with some phosphate. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following body secretions is maximum: | [
"Salivary",
"Gastric",
"Sweat",
"Lacrimal"
] | B | Option 1 - Overall, the three pairs of salivary glands that drain into the mouth, supply 1000 to 1500 mL of saliva per day.
Option 2 - Gastric secretion adds about 2.5 L per day to the intestinal contents.
Option 3 - The insensible water loss amounts to 50ml/h in humans. During muscular exertion in a hot environment, s... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following bases are present in DNA, EXCEPT: | [
"Adenine",
"Guanine",
"Uracil",
"Thymine"
] | C | DNA contains only four different bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), thymine (T), and cytosine (C). DNA exists as a double helix in which A is always paired with T, and G is always paired with C. RNA contains the ribonucleotides of adenine, guanine, and cytosine, it does not possess thymine. Instead of thymine, RNA contai... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Duga's test is helpful in | [
"Dislocation of hip",
"Scaphoid fracture",
"Fracture neck of femur",
"Anterior dislocation of shoulder"
] | D | Di.e. Anterior Dislocation of shoulder Anterior Dislocation of ShoulderShoulder is the commonest joint to undergo recurrent & /or nonrecurrent (traumatic) dislocationQ.Anterior dislocation is the commonest type of shoulder dislocationQ accounting for - 97% of cases. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following disease is associated with Erythema migrans ? | [
"Endemic typhus",
"Scrub typhus",
"Lyme's disease",
"Masters disease"
] | C | Papule expanding to erythematous annular lesion with central clearing (erythema migrans) is a feature of lyme's disease caused by Borrelia burgdorferi. Reference: Harrisons Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Page 150 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Chaga's disease is transmitted by ? | [
"Hard tick",
"Soft tick",
"Sandfly",
"Reduvid bug"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Reduvid bug Chaga's disease is transmitted by Reduvid bug. | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about Wilsons disease is? | [
"Increased serum ceruloplasmin",
"Decreased liver copper",
"Increased urinary copper excretion",
"Decreased urine copper excretion"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Increased urinary copper excretion | train | med_mcqa | null |
Frequency distribution is studied by - | [
"Histogram",
"Line diagram",
"Pie diagram",
"Ski diagram"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Posterosuperior retraction pocket if allowed to progress will lead to? | [
"SNHL",
"Secondary cholesteatoma",
"Tympanosclerosi",
"Primary cholesteatoma"
] | D | Ans. is'd' i.e., Primary cholesteatoma Retraction pockets are more common in the postero-superior poion of pars-tensa of ear-drum (tympanic membrane). Two reasons have been attributed to this features :- This area is more vascular, hence could be subjected to intense inflammatory reaction. Middle fibrous layer in this ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
An 8-year-old mentally retarded child presents with left side flank pain. On ultrasound hyperecoice lesion is seen in right kidney and multiple lesions in the liver. CT scan of abdomen shows -50 to -60 HU density of the lesions in kidney and liver. The most probable diagnosis is: | [
"Familial angiolipomatosis",
"ADPKD",
"VHL",
"Tuberous sclerosis"
] | D | (Refer: Nelson’ss textbook of pediatrics, 19th edition, pg no: 2049-2052)
Tuberous sclerosis (Bourneville's disease/ Epiloa)
Autosomal dominant inheritance.
Mutations in TSC-1 gene at 9q - encodes Tuberln.
Mutations inTSC-2 gene at 16 p - encodes Hamartin. | train | med_mcqa | null |
orbital cellulitis is complication of: | [
"para sinusitis",
"Faciomaxillary trauma",
"Endoscopic sinus surgery",
"All of these"
] | D | Orbital cellulitis can occur as a complication of sinusitis and injuries.As far as endoscopic sinus surgery is concerned,it can lead to orbital and intracranial complications so orbital cellulitis can occurvin it also. Ref Scott Brown 7/e,Vol 2,p 1485. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Best predictor for coronary artery disease | [
"HDL",
"LDL",
"VLDL",
"Chylomicron"
] | B | Elevated LDL cholesterol and decreased HDL cholesterol are independent predictors of coronary heart disease.
Although there is consensus regarding the benefits of lowering LDL cholesterol the value of elevating HDL
cholesterol remains controversial.
Low HDL and coronary risk
High serum HDL cholesterol is associated wit... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 45-year-old man with a skull fracture of the temporal bone | [
"Diffuse axonal injury",
"Acute extradural hematoma",
"Acute subdural hematoma",
"Tentorial herniation"
] | B | A temporal skull fracture crossing the middle meningeal artery grove with lucid interval are pathognomonic of an extradural hemorrhage. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Rasmussen's aneurysm involves? | [
"Bronchial aneurysm",
"Pulmonary aneurysm",
"Veebral aery",
"Posterior intercostal aery"
] | B | In post primary pulmonary TB,hemoptysis can occur from rupture of a dilated vessel in a tuberculous cavity(Rasmussen's aneurysm) Reference:Harrison's medicine-18th edition,page no:1345. | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about adult autologous stem cell transplant are all except: | [
"Used in the treatment of leukemia",
"Stem cells are collected directly from the bone marrow",
"G-CSF is given to expand the number of stem cells",
"It allows high dose of chemotherapy"
] | B | Autologous transplantation involves the removal and storage of the patient's own stem cells with subsequent reinfusion after the patient receives high-dose myeloablative therapy. Unlike allogeneic transplantation, there is no risk of GVHD or graft rejection with autologous transplantation. Donors are typically treated ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following blocks DNA replication with getting incorporated in DNA strand: | [
"Cytarabine",
"Nalidixic acid",
"Ciprofloxacin",
"Paclitaxel"
] | A | A i.e. Cytarabine | train | med_mcqa | null |
Uterine contractions are clinically palpable when their intensity is more than : | [
"10 mm of Hg",
"15 mm of Hg",
"20 mm of Hg",
"40 mm of Hg"
] | A | The intensity of uterine contractions describes the degree of uterine systole. During pregnancy uterus is quiescent, the tone is 2-3mmHg. During the first stage of labor it varies from 8-10 mmHg, it is inversely propoional to relaxation. D.C.DUTTA'S TEXTBOOK OF OBSTETRICS,pg no:117,7th edition | train | med_mcqa | null |
Regarding the lipid or liposomal formulation of amphotericin B which of the following statements is accurate | [
"They are expensive to use than conventional amphotericin B",
"There are more effective in fungal infections than conventional preparations because they increase tissue uptake of amphotericin B",
"They may decrease the niprotoxicity of amphotericin B",
"They have wider spectrum of antifungal activity than con... | C | Ref-KDT 6/e p758 Newer liposomal preparations of amphotericin B have the following features: Less chances of nephrotoxicity and infusion related reactions Lesser uptake in the tissues like kidney More expensive Similar in efficacy and antifungal spectrum as conventional preparations | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drug inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis are all except- | [
"Aminoglycosides",
"Chloramphenicol",
"Clindamycin",
"Sulfonamides"
] | D | Ans. is `d' i.e., Sulfonamides o Sulfonamides affect intermediary metabolism by inhibiting folate synthase. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Mebendazole cannot be used for : | [
"Ascariasis",
"Entrobius vermicularis",
"Onchocercosis",
"Hydatid cyst disease"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Action of Papain on an IgG molecule produces? | [
"2 Fc fragments & 1 Fab fragment",
"1 Fc fragment & 2 Fab fragments",
"2 Fc fragments & 2 Fab fragments",
"1 Fc fragment & 1 Fab fragment"
] | B | 1 Fc fragment & 2 Fab fragments REF: Jawetz, Melnick, & Adelberg's Medical Microbiology, 24TH edition Chapter 44 If an antibody molecule is treated with a proteolytic enzyme (eg, Papain), peptide bonds in the hinge region are broken. This breakage produces two identical Fab fragments, which carry the antigen-binding si... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The number of fontanelles present In a newborn is : | [
"1",
"2",
"4",
"6"
] | D | Fontanelles are membrane filled spaces at the meeting point of sutures . They are 6 in number. Out of 6, two are of obstetric significance: 1) The antetior fontanelle or bregma is the meeting point of the frontal(anteriorly) ,sagittal(posteriorly) and on either side coronal. It becomes ossified 18 months after bih. It ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sterilising agents include -a) Dry heatb) Ethylene oxidec) Etherd) Alcohole) Chlorhexidine | [
"ac",
"a",
"ab",
"bc"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A child is able to dress herself, knows her gender, feeds without spilling. What is her age? | [
"2 years",
"3 years",
"4 years",
"5 years"
] | B | Ans. b. 3 years (Ref: Ghai 7/e p 31)Development Milestones in a child of 3 years:Motor: Goes up stairs with one foot on each step, riding tricycle.Fine motor: Makes tower of ten cubes, draw a circle.Social: Dry by night, knows gender.Linguistic: Know age, gender and nameSpontaneous 2-word phrases (pivotal speech), cons... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Chorioretinitis is commonly caused by all of the Following except: March 2009 | [
"Cryptococcosis",
"Onchocerciasis",
"Cytomegalovirus infection",
"Toxoplasmosis"
] | B | Ans. B: Onchocerciasis Chorioretinitis (CR) is an inflammatory process that involves the uveal tract of the eye. Inflammation is usually caused by congenital viral, bacterial, or protozoal infections in neonates. Congenital toxoplasma and cytomegalovirus infection are the most common etiologies in this age group. Funga... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) was taken to prevent morbidity and mortality from all except | [
"Malaria",
"Malnutrition",
"Otitis media",
"Neonatal tetanus"
] | D | IMNCI: Curative component includes management of - 1. Diarrhoea 2. Measles 3. Pneumonia 4. Malaria 5. Severe malnutrition and nutritional counseling | train | med_mcqa | null |
Regarding Hepatic encephalopathy false is | [
"Increased ammonia in blood",
"Increased mercaptans in blood",
"Decreased GABA",
"Increased short chain fatty acids."
] | C | (C) Decreased GABA > The toxic substances that accumulate in the setting of liver failure and affect the brain are still not well understood. They have been thought to include ammonia (NH3) and mercaptans. Ammonia is normally converted to urea by the liver and, as with mercaptans, is produced by the bacterial breakdown... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following drugs is NOT excreted in bile : | [
"Erythromycin",
"Ampicillin",
"Rifampicin",
"Gentamicin"
] | D | Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside and is excreted via renal route. | train | med_mcqa | null |
cAMP is second messenger for the following except: | [
"TSH",
"Insulin",
"LH",
"FSH"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 6-month-old infant was treated for H. influenzae meningitis. Most important investigation to be done before discharging the patient is: | [
"MRI",
"Brainstem evoked response audiometry",
"Growth screening test",
"Psychotherapy"
] | B | (b) Brainstem evoked response audiometry(Ref. Cummings, 6th ed., 2076)Meningitis can lead to labyrinthitis and thereby deafness which an infant will not report and if diagnosed early, cochlear implantation will have good results, so BERA needs to be done. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Not a radiological feature of rickets – | [
"Splaying of metaphysis",
"Cupping of metaphysis",
"Subluxation of epiphysis",
"Widening of metaphysis"
] | C | Subluxation of epiphysis is not a radiological feature of rickets.
Radiological signs of rickets have been explained earlier. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Duret's haemorrhage is seen in: | [
"Retina",
"Ventricles",
"Midbrain and pons",
"None of the above"
] | C | Duret hemorrhages are secondary herniation hemorrhages in the midbrain and pons ranging from small streaks to confluent hemorrhages. Ref: Reddy 23rd ed, page 208. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is the cause of chickenpox and herpes zoster. Which of the following statements are true or false? a) Humans are the only known reservoir for VZV b) Secondary and teiary cases within families are associated with a relatively small number of vesicles c) The most common infectious complicatio... | [
"a,c, e-True b,d-False",
"a,c,d,e-True b-False",
"b,c,d,e-True a-False",
"a,b,c,d,e-True None -False"
] | B | This is an impoant question, Younger children tend to have fewer vesicles than older individuals. Secondary and teiary cases within families are associated with a relatively large number of vesicles. Ref: Harrisons Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Page 1463. | train | med_mcqa | null |
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