question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
values | rationale stringlengths 0 22.5k ⌀ | split stringclasses 1
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Boxer's hemorrhages are usually seen in: | [
"Cerebrum",
"Cerebellum",
"Pons",
"Medulla"
] | C | Boxer's haemorrhage: Pontine haemorrhages in punch drunk syndrome MC type of hemorrhage among boxers is subdural hemorrhage Boxer's encephalopathy/Punch drunk syndrome/Dementia pugilistica: it occurslate in boxer's career or years after retirement which is the cumulative result of recurrent cerebral concussions. Boxer'... | train | med_mcqa | null |
An evidence that splenectomy might benifit a patient with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura includes which of the following ? | [
"A significant enlargement of the spleen",
"A high reticulocyte count",
"Patients age less than five years",
"An increase in platelet count on corticosteroid therapy"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Child changes a rattle from one hand to another at the age of | [
"3 months",
"6 months",
"9 months",
"1 year"
] | B | <p>. Developmental milestones:- GROSS MOTOR DEVELOPMENT: 2 months: Holds head in plane of rest of the body when held in ventral suspension. In prone position in bed, the chin lifts momentarily. 3 months:lift head above the plane of the body. Head control stas by 3 months and fully developed by 5 months. 4 months:Remain... | train | med_mcqa | null |
One of the following substance produce injuries which stimulate confusion : | [
"Semicarpus anacardium",
"Ricinus communis",
"Abrus percatorius",
"Capsium annum"
] | A | A i.e. Semicarpus anacardium | train | med_mcqa | null |
Dead space is reduced in tracheotomy: | [
"15%",
"30 - 50%",
"10%",
"20%"
] | B | Airflow resistance of the normal upper airway is substantial, constituting up to 80% of total airway resistance during nose breathing and 50% during mouth breathing.
Theoretically, tracheostomy tubes should decrease airflow resistance, but in fact this does not occur because of the smaller radius (inner diameter 7–8 mm... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sicca syndrome is associated with all except ? | [
"Midline granuloma",
"Chronic active hepatitis",
"Rheumatoid ahritis",
"Scleroderma"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Midline granuloma | train | med_mcqa | null |
Macular sparing is associated with lesions in: | [
"Optic nerve",
"Lateral geniculate body",
"Occipital coex",
"Optic chiasma"
] | C | Macular sparing, that is, loss of peripheral vision with intact macular vision, is also common with occipital lesions Ref: Guyton 12th Ed. | train | med_mcqa | null |
The best source of potassium is | [
"Whole grains",
"Red meat",
"Dried fruits",
"Milk"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Malignant tumour of skeletal muscle is | [
"Rhabdomyoma",
"Rhabdomyosarcoma",
"Leiomyoma",
"Leiomyosarcoma"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
With regards to hereditary spherocytosis, which of the following is false - | [
"Usually has autosomal dominant inheritance",
"Caused by mutations in genes for proteins such as spectrin, ankrin or band 3",
"Red blood cells are destroyed in the spleen",
"Aplastic crises are common"
] | D | Ans, is 'd' i.e., Aplastic Crisis are common o Aplastic crisis are a rare/uncommon complication of Hereditary Spherocytosis typically caused bv virailv induced bone marrow suppression.The most common aetiological agent that induces Aplastic Crisis in patients with Hereditary Spherocytosis is Parvovirus B19o Hereditary ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In patients with leprosy, lepromin test is performed after injecting intradermally 0.1 ml of lepromin. This test is used for: | [
"Treatment",
"Prognosis",
"Diagnosis",
"Epidemiological investigations"
] | B | Lepromin test is not a diagnostic test, as it may give positive result in normal subjects and negative results in lepromatous and near-lepromatous cases. Uses of Lepromin test: To evaluate the immune status (cell mediated immunity) of leprosy patients In classifying the disease To estimate the prognosis of leprosy pati... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Cardiac lesion in SLE cause - | [
"Verrucous endocarditis",
"Valvular incompetence",
"Myocardial fibrosis",
"All of the above"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Trisomy of which chromosome is associated with uterine fibroids? | [
"Trisomy 10",
"Trisomy 11",
"Trisomy 12",
"Trisomy 14"
] | C | Fibroids are monoclonal and about 40% have chromosomal abnormalities that include translocations between chromosomes 12 and 14, deletions of chromosome 7, and trisomy of chromosome 12.Cellular, atypical, and large fibroids are most likely to show chromosomal abnormalities.Ref: Berek and Novak&;s Gynecology; 15th editio... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Characteristic feature of amoebic ulcer -a) Flask shapedb) Undermined edgesc) Rolled up edged) Punched out | [
"ac",
"a",
"ad",
"ab"
] | D | Amebiasis most frequently involves the cecum and ascending colon, followed in order by the sigmoid, rectum and appendix.
The ulcerative lesions develop undermining of margins of the ulcer due to lytic action of the trophozoites.
Ulcer has a flask shaped with a narrow neck and broad base. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Dystrophin is lacking in - | [
"Polio",
"Duchenne's muscular dystrophy",
"Peroneal muscular atrophy",
"None of the above"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Dnchenne's muscular atrophy o Duchenne muscular dystrophy is caused due to lack of dvstophinDuchenne muscular dystrophy -o It is an x-linked recessive disorder.o It is caused due to lack of dystrophin (protein) in the muscle.o Lack of dystrophin leads to increased osmotic fragility of muscle fibres, m... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Retinal tear is associated with which degeneration: March 2010 | [
"Equatorial drusen",
"Reticular pigmentary degeneration",
"Paving stone degeneration",
"Lattice retinal degeneration"
] | D | Ans. D: Lattice retinal degeneration There are a number of retinal degenerations known as benign peripheral retinal degeneration which do not threaten the retina or lead to retinal breaks. Such lesions are known as snowflakes, because of their dotted white appearance, which soon come close to the ora serrata. For examp... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Rural and urban population differ in incidence in all diseases except | [
"Bronchitis",
"TB",
"Lung Cancer",
"Mental illness"
] | B | Non modifiable risk factors : age, sex, family history, Genetic factors and personality.
—Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine 23rd edition | train | med_mcqa | null |
WHO Growth Cha has got information for all except: | [
"Immunisation Procedures",
"Child spacing",
"History of sibling health",
"History of maternal health"
] | D | GROWTH CHA: Growth cha: (Road to health cha): Is a visible display of child&;s Physical growth and development. Growth cha is designed for: Longitudinal follow-up (growth monitoring) of a child. Growth cha is generally plotted between: Weight and Age. Growth cha provides information on: Identification and registration ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are true about N2O except | [
"Colour of cylinder is blue",
"Priestly was the first to prepare it",
"Stored in cylinder as gas",
"It is prepared by heating ammonium nitrate"
] | C | Stored in cylinder as gas It is stored as a liquid in the cylinder. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Neonatal hepatitis not true is __________ | [
"Always conjugated hyperbilirubinemia",
"More common in preterm or IUGR baby",
"Caused by virus",
"May get positive family history"
] | A | Neonatal hepatitis : Caused by different viruses such as Hepatitis A,B,C,D,E.,HGV,TT virus,SEN virus possitive family history:perinatal transmission is more for HBV In preterm or IUGR babies risk of infection is more Ref : ESSENTIAL PEDIATRICS,O.P.GHAI, PG NO:191-195, 7th edition | train | med_mcqa | null |
The etiological agent of Roseola infantum includes | [
"CMV",
"EBV",
"Parvovirus",
"Human herpes virus 6"
] | D | Roseola infantum*A history of 3 days of high-grade fever in an otherwise nontoxic 10-month-old child with a blanchable maculopapular rash on trunk -Roseola.*Mean duration- 6days - so sixth disease/Exanthem subitum.*Nagayama spots-ulcers at the uvulopalatoglossal junction.*DD - Measles, Rubella, Drug allergy.*M/C compli... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about hepatitis A virus: | [
"Causes cirrhosis",
"Helps HDV replication",
"Common cause of hepatitis",
"Causes chronic hepatitis"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Common cause of hepatitis in children (Ref: Ananthanarayan, 8th/e, p. 537)* HAV the most common cause of hepatitis in children.* HAV does not cause chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis.* HBV (no HAV) helps in HDV replication. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Solder and flux used for joining Elgiloy wires are | [
"Gold solder and borax flux",
"Gold solder and fluoride flux",
"Silver solder and borax flux",
"Silver solder and fluoride flux"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about social phobia is -a) Fear of closed spacesb) Irrational fear of situationc) Irrational fear of activitiesd) Irrational fear of specified objects | [
"a",
"c",
"ac",
"bc"
] | D | Both option b & c are correct because in social phobia there is irrational fear of performing activities in a particular
situation (in the presence of other).
"A marked and persistent fear of one or more social or performance situations in which the person is exposed to unfamiliar people or to possible scrutiny by oth... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about genomic imprinting - | [
"Different expression of gene depending on parent of origin",
"Prader-Willi syndrome is maternal deletion of chromosome 15",
"Angelman syndrome is due to paternal deletion of chromosome 15",
"Uniparental disomy is other name of genomic imprinting"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Different expression of gene depending on parent of origin The expression of disease depending on whether the functional gene is inherited from the male or female parent (one parent only) is termed as genomic imprinting. The phenomenon referred to as genomic imprinting leads to pereferential expressio... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Koenen's periungal fibroma is seen in - | [
"Tuberous sclerosis",
"Neurofibromatosis",
"Psoriasis",
"Alopecia aerata"
] | A | periungual fibroma are skin colored papules that grow outwards from the proximal nail fold seen in tuberous sclerosis . page no. 325 Reference Harrison20th edition | train | med_mcqa | null |
Contraindication for nasotracheal intubation – | [
"Basal skull fractures",
"Neonate",
"Difficult intubation",
"Prolonged intubation"
] | A | Nasal intubation is contraindicated in : Basal skull fracture, CSF rhinorrhea, coagulopathy, nasal polyp / abscess / foreign body and adenoid. | train | med_mcqa | null |
After adding Drug A to an enzyme - substate reaction, Km remains same and Vmax decreases.
Drug A is a | [
"Competitive antagonist",
"Non competitive antagonist",
"Agonist",
"None of the above"
] | B | In Non competitive Antagonism: Km remains same, Vmax decreases.
In Competitive Antagonism: Km increases, Vmax remains same. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Facultative organisms constituting female vaginal flora include all except | [
"Diphtheroids",
"Streptococci",
"Lactobacilli",
"E. coli"
] | C | Lacto bacilli is main organism in vaginal flora.
It is not facultative. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Diagnosis of Alcohol Dependence include all of the following, EXCEPT | [
"Impaired occupational and social functioning",
"The need for daily drinking to function adequately",
"Lack of tolerance for alcohol",
"Inability to cut down or stop drinking"
] | C | (C) Lack of tolerance for alcohol # Diagnosis of Alcohol Dependence includes the following, such as the: Impaired occupational and social functioning The need for daily drinking to function adequately Inability to cut down or stop drinking | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which statement concerning plasmids is true | [
"All plasmids possess the information for their own transfer by conjugation",
"Much of the information coded in the plasmid is essential to the survival of the bacteria cell",
"R plasmids carry genes for antibiotic resistance",
"R plasmids cannot be transferred to other bacterial cells"
] | C | Plasmids are small, circular, supercoiled DNA molecules found in some bacteria. They usually do not carry essential genes, but some plasmids, such as R (resistance) plasmids, carry genes coding for antibiotic resistance. All plasmids have their own origin of replication, so that they are replicated along with the hos... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Cauliflower ear is due to ? | [
"Hematoma",
"Carcinoma",
"Fungal infection",
"Herpes"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Hematoma Hematoma of the auricle It is the collection of blood between the auricular cailage and its perichondrium. It usually occurs due to blunt trauma and often seen in boxers, wrestlers and rugby players, therefore it is also called Boxer's ear. Extravasated blood may clot and then organise, resul... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following shows antigen virulence factor EXCEPT | [
"Corynebacterium diphtheriae",
"Inflarial parasites",
"Borrelia species",
"Malarial parasites"
] | A | i.e. (C-diphtheriae):ANTIGENIC VARIATION* It is the process by which an infectious organism alters its surface proteins in order to evade a host immune response* Antigenic variation enables viruses to cross the species barrier eg H5N1 virus 'Jumping' from birds to then infect humans* Antigenic variation can occur throu... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In Marfan&;s syndrome defect is in | [
"Fibrillin I",
"Fibrillin II",
"Collagen",
"Elastin"
] | A | Marfan syndrome is caused by a mutation in FBNI gene encoding fibrillin. The major tissue effected are skeleton, eyes and cardiovascular system Refer robbins 146 | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 25-year-old lady presents with spontaneous nipple discharge of 3-months duration. On examination, the discharge is bloody and from a single duct. The following statements about management of this patient are true except - | [
"Ultrasound can be a useful investigation",
"Radical duct excision is the operation of choice",
"Galactogram, though useful, is not essential",
"Majority of blood-stained-nipple discharges are due to Papillomas or other benign condition"
] | B | CSDT writes - "Unilateral, spontaneous, serious or serosanguineous discharge from a single duct is usually caused by an intraductal papilloma or rarely, by intraductal cancer."
Mostly the underlying cause is a duct papilloma or duct ectasia, but since the chances of malignancy are high, it must be investigated further.... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Residul lung volume increased in | [
"Obesity",
"Emphysema",
"Bacterial pneumonia",
"Idiopatic pulmonary fibrosis"
] | B | (B) Emphysema# FACTORS AFFECTING FRC> FRC Increases with: Increased height Erect position (30% more than in supine) Decreased lung recoil (E.g. emphysema)> FRC Decreases with: Obesity, Muscle Paralysis (especially in supine) Restrictive lung disease (E.g. Fibrosis, Pregnancy) Anaesthesia FRC does not change with age> E... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common type of human papilloma virus causing Ca cervix are : | [
"16 and 18",
"1 and 33",
"6 and 11",
"2 and 14"
] | A | Ans. is a i.e. 16 and 18 | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 40-year-old man presents with 5 days of productive cough and fever. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is isolated from a pulmonary abscess. CBC shows an acute effect characterized by marked leukocytosis (50,000/mL) and the differential count reveals shift to left in granulocytes. Which of the following terms best describes thes... | [
"Leukemoid reaction",
"Leukopenia",
"Myeloid metaplasia",
"Neutrophilia"
] | A | Circulating levels of leukocytes and their precursors may occasionally reach very high levels (>50,000 WBC/mL). These extreme elevations are sometimes called leukemoid reactions because they are similar to the white cell counts observed in leukemia, from which they must be distinguished. The leukocytosis occurs initial... | train | med_mcqa | null |
More false positive cases in a community signify that the disease has: | [
"High prevalence",
"High sensitivity",
"Low prevalence",
"Low sensitivity"
] | C | There will be more false positive cases in a community where prevalence is low, because the predictive accuracy of the test is decreased. This predictive value however depends on the prevalence of a disease (besides its sensitivity and specificity). The more prevalent a disease in a given population, the more is the pr... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is most radiosensitive tumour? | [
"Astrocytoma",
"Medulloblastoma",
"Craniopharyngioma",
"Teratoma"
] | B | Ans. Medulloblastoma | train | med_mcqa | null |
Fixative agent for PAP smear is which of the following? | [
"Normal saline",
"95% ethanol",
"Formalin",
"Air drying"
] | B | PAP smear is an impoant screening test which is used to diagnose cervical dysplasia or cervical carcinoma in females. We use Ether and 95% ethyl alcohol solution in the ratio 1:1 as fixative for the purpose of PAP smear. Best screening test to pick up cervical cancer in the early stage - (Visual Inspection of Cervix wi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Injury to the male urethra below the perineal membrane causes urine to accumulate in : | [
"Superficial perineal pouch",
"Deep perinea] pouch",
"Space of retzius",
"Pouch of douglas"
] | A | A i.e., Superficial perineal pouch Urethral injury causes accumulation of urine in pelvic extraperitoneal tissue (above perineal membrane type) or in superficial perineal pouch (below perineal membrane type injury). | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is an amphibolic pathway? | [
"Glycolysis",
"Citric acid cycle",
"Gluconeogenesis",
"Glycogenolysis"
] | B | The citric acid cycle is not only a pathway for oxidation of two carbon units, but is also a major pathway for interconversion of metabolites arising from transamination and deamination of amino acids, and providing the substrates for amino acid synthesis by transamination, as well as for gluconeogenesis and fatty acid... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The most common etiological agent for acute bronchiolitis in infancy is ? | [
"Influenza virus",
"Para influenza virus",
"Rhinovirus",
"Respiratory syncytial virus"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Respiratory syncytial virus "The most common etiological agent for Bronchiolitis is Respiratory synctial virus. RSV is responsible for more than 50% of cases of bronchiolitis." Bronchiolitis o Bronchiolitis is the most common serious acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young childre... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A person presents with headache, fever, stiff neck. Most likely organism responsible is | [
"S.Aureus",
"Listeria",
"S.agalactiae",
"S.pneumoniae"
] | D | It is case of meningitis. M/c organism responsible for meningitis is S.pneumoniae. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Current gold standard to detect ductal carcinoma in situ breast is: | [
"Mammography",
"MRI",
"USG",
"CT/PET"
] | B | Ans. MRI | train | med_mcqa | null |
Full form of SCIWORA is: | [
"Spinal cord injury with radiographic abnormality",
"Spinal cord injury with radiographic aberration",
"Spinal cord injury without radiographic aberration",
"Spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality"
] | D | Answer- D. Spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormalitySCIWORA (Spinal Cord Injury Without Radiographic Abnormality) was first developed and ,introduced by Pang and Wilberger who used it to define 'clinical smyptoms of traumatic myelopathy with no radiographic or computed tomographic featutes of spinal fracture ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Stages of pneumonia are all except:- | [
"Stage of Exudation",
"Stage of Red hepatisation",
"Stage of Cavitation",
"Stage of Resolution"
] | C | The stages of pneumonia/consolidation are:-
i. Stage of Exudation
ii. Stage of Red hepatisation
iii. Stage of Grey hepatisation
iv. Stage of Resolution | train | med_mcqa | null |
Movements taking place during abduction of shoulder joint are all except: | [
"Medial rotation of scapula",
"Axial rotation of humerus at acromioclavicular joint",
"Elevation of humerus",
"Movements at clavicular end of sternoclavicular joint"
] | A | Medial rotation of scapula Abduction of the ann involves rotation of the scapula as well as movement at the shoulder joint.For every 3deg abduction, a 2 deg abduction occurs in the shoulder joint & 1 deg abduction occurs by rotation of the scapula (forward rotation round the chest wall i.e. lateral rotation). Rotation ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Uncommon cause of upper GI bleed ? | [
"Varices",
"Erosive gastritis",
"Peptic ulcer",
"Carcinoma stomach"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e.Carcinoma stomach | train | med_mcqa | null |
Catheterisation should not be done in case of acute retention of urine due to -a) Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)b) Ca prostatec) Stricture urethrad) Rupture urethrae) Post operative retention | [
"cd",
"bc",
"bd",
"ac"
] | A | In cases of urethral stricture, if a patient has gone into retention because of a urethral stricture, the urethra will be too narrow to allow even a tiny catheter to pass safely.
Urethral rupture is a relative contraindication of catheterization, because injudicious urethral catheterization will convert a partial tear ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient presenting with Volkmann's Ischaemia all of the following are done except - | [
"Split open the plaster of Paris cast and bandage",
"Decompression by fasciotomy",
"Exploration",
"Sympathetic ganglion blockade"
] | D | Management of compartment syndrome (Volkmann's ischemia)
It is a surgical emergency and the treatment should begin immediately.
All encircling tight bandages and cast are removed, if present.
The limb should be elevated.
If definitive clinical signs of compartment syndrome are present urgent fasciotomy should be done... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Neuroblastomas - good prognositc factor is - | [
"N-myc amplification",
"RAS oncogene",
"Hyperdiploidy",
"Translocations"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following drug causes acute pancreatitis | [
"L-Asperaginase",
"Metronidazole",
"Ciprofloxacin",
"Penicillin"
] | B | Drugs associated with pancreatitis Definitive cause (MAD CAT PET TV FM) 6-Mercaptopurine Azathioprine Dideoxyinosine Cytosine arabinoside 5-Aminosalicylate Tetracycline Pentamidine Estrogens Trimethoprim - Sulfamethoxazole Thiazide Valproic acid Furosemide Metronidazole Probable cause (PILAAS) Phenformin Procainamide I... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Irreversible aromatase inhibitor - | [
"Anastrazole",
"Exmestane",
"Letrozole",
"Vorozole"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Exmestane Aromatase inhibitors are of two types:o Type I (steroidal) aromatase inhibitor - They cause irreversible inhibition of aromatase, e.g. Exmestane, formestane.o Type II (non-steroidal) aromatase inhibitor - They cause reversible inhibition of aromatasxe e.g. Anastrazole, Letrozole, vorozale. | train | med_mcqa | null |
In hepato-renal syndrome, best therapy is | [
"Renal transplantation",
"Liver transplantation",
"Transjugular intrahepatic poosystemic shunt",
"Dialysis"
] | B | Patients with hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) are treated with midodrine, an a-agonist, along with octreotide and intravenous albumin. The best therapy for HRS is liver transplantation; recovery of renal function is typical in this setting.Ref: Harrison 19e pg: 2066 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following techniques is used for detection of variations in DNA sequence and Gene expression | [
"Hypothalamus",
"Thalamus",
"Putamen",
"Limbic coex."
] | A | A i.e. Hypothalamus | train | med_mcqa | null |
In primary familial hypercholesterolemia, there is defect in: | [
"LDE-receptors",
"Apoprotein",
"Apoprotein B",
"VLDL"
] | A | Ans. (a) LDL-receptorsRef: Harper's Biochemistry, 30th ed. pg. 275* Familial hypercholesterolemia is a genetic disorder characterized by high cholesterol levels, specifically very high levels of low-density lipoprotein in the blood and early cardiovascular disease.* These patients have mutations in the LDLR gene that e... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Billings method of contraception is based on - | [
"Change in temperature",
"Change in cervical mucus",
"Safe period (calendermetho",
"Coitus interruptus"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Change in cervical mucus Miscellaneous methods of contraceptionso These are (i) Abstinence, (ii) Coitus interruptus, (iii) Safe period (rhyth method), and (iv) Natural family planning methods.Abstinenceo There is complete abstinence from sexual intercourse. It is not used and can hardly be considered ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are limitations of typical tricyclic antidepressants EXCEPT: | [
"Narrow safety margin",
"Low oral bioavailability",
"Frequent side effects",
"Long latent period for response"
] | B | (Ref: KDT 6/e p443, 444) TCAs have very good oral absorption These agents have narrow therapeutic index and thus low safety margin. Sedation and anticholinergic adverse effects are seen frequently with the use of TCAs. Antidepressant actions of both TCAs as well as SSRIs take several weeks to manifest. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Carbapenem with maximum risk of seizures is: | [
"Imipenem",
"Meropenem",
"Ertapenem",
"Doripenem"
] | A | Ans. (A) Imipenem(Ref: Goodman and Gilman 13th/e p1035)CarbapenemsThese include imipenem, doripenem, meropenem and ertapenem.These have wide spectrum of activity including gram positive cocci, gram negative rods as well as anaerobes.For the treatment of Pseudomonas (meropenem is most active whereas ertapenem is least) ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pin code index of nitrous oxide is: March 2013 (c) | [
"1, 6",
"2, 5",
"2, 6",
"3, 5"
] | D | Ans. D i.e. 3, 5 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not a feature of sickle cell disease? | [
"Autosplenectomy",
"Heterozygous individuals are at increased risk of Plasmodium falciparum infection",
"Ischemic tissue damage",
"Hydroxyurea is used as a therapeutic agent"
] | B | Sickle cell disease Caused by missense mutation in the b-globin gene that leads to the replacement of a charged glutamate residue with a hydrophobic valine residue. Mutation promotes the polymerization of deoxygenated hemoglobin, leading to red cell distoion (sickling), hemolytic anemia, microvascular obstruction, and ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Vision 2020 does not include:- | [
"Cataract",
"Trachoma",
"Onchoccriasis",
"Epidemic conjunctivitis"
] | D | Epidemic conjunctivitis VISION 2020: The Right to Sight is a global joint initiative of the World health Organization (WHO) and the International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness (IAPI), with its international coalition of Non Governmental Organisations (NGOs), professional associations, eye care institutions and... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True regarding lag phase is ? | [
"Time taken to adapt in the new environment",
"Growth occurs exponentially",
"The plateau in lag phase is due to cell death",
"It is the 2nd phase in bacterial growth curve"
] | A | The lag phase represents a period during which the bacterial cells are adapting to a new environment and are busy in replicating various proteins and DNA in preparation for next phase.
There is no growth (no increase in cell number) during this phase. Exponential growth is seen in log phase (not in lag phase).
The lag ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
To prevent KFD which of the following is not used - | [
"Self protection against ticks",
"Vaccination",
"Deforestation",
"Control of cattle roaming in the forest"
] | C | Prevention of Japanese encephalitis include; - control of ticks :by air mounted equipment to dispense fenthion, carbaryl. -Since the heavy tick population in the forest areas is attributed paly to free roaming cattle, restriction of cattle movement is thought to bring about a reduction in vector population. - vaccinati... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Kary otyping is done in which phase of cell cycle- | [
"Anaphase",
"Metaphase",
"Telophase",
"S phase"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Metaphase o To produce a karyotype, one must obtain cells capable of growth and division as karyotyping is done by arresting mitosis in dividing cells in metaphase.o Karyotyping is the study of chromosomes and is used in cytogenetics to study the chromosomal abnormalities,o After arresting the cells i... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Fungus having non-septate hyphae and producing sporangiospores is: March 2011 | [
"Ascomycetes",
"Basidiomycetes",
"Phycomycetes",
"Fungi imperfectii"
] | C | Ans. C: Phycomycetes Phycomycetes are lower fungi which have non-septate hyphae and form endogenous asexual spores (sporangiospores) contained within sporangia Systematic classification of fungi, based on their sexual spore formation, recognizes 4 classes: Phycomycetes: Non-septate hyphae, produces sporangiospores (ase... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drug of choice in simple partial seizure is – | [
"Phenytoin",
"Valproic acid",
"Carbemazepine",
"Phenobarbitone"
] | C | DOC for generalized tonic clonic seizure (Grand mal), absence seizure (Petit mal), Atonic seizure, myoclonic epilepsy → valproate.
DOC for partial seizure → carbamazepine / oxcarbazepine
DOC for status epilepticus → IV lorazepam
DOC for febrile seizures → Rectal Diazepam
DOC for seizure of eclampsia → Magnesium sulfate... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The anti-hypertensive agent of choice in pregnancy is | [
"Labetalol",
"Hydralazine",
"Methyldopa",
"Clonidine"
] | A | Ans- A Labetalol Old guidelines: Methyl dopa New guidelines: PIH: Oral Labetalol Htn emerg: IV Labetalol HYPERTENSION Definition: Sustained elevation of blood pressure causing cardiovascular mortality. Regulation of BP: 1. Baroreceptors: regulate short term, movement to movement control of Blood pressure 2. RAAS System... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 28-year-old woman presented with high-grade fever, cough, diarrhea and mental confusion for 4 days. X-ray chest revealed bilateral pneumonitis. Search for etiology will most likely reveal? | [
"Streptococcus pneumonia",
"Staphylococcus aureus",
"Legionella pneumophila",
"Pseudomonas aeruginosa"
] | C | The clinical profile of fever, cough and X-ray revealing bilateral pneumonitis and presence of diarrhea and confusion indicates the presence of Atypical pneumonia. The organism causing atypical pneumonia out of the given choices is Legionella pneumophila Confusion can be explained by hyponatremia due to SIADH. The clin... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are risk factors for preterm delivery except: | [
"Absence of fetal fibronectin at <37 weeks",
"Previous history of preterm baby",
"Asymptomatic cervical dilatation",
"Chlamydial infection of genital tract"
] | A | Ans. is a, i.e. Absence of fetal fibronection at <37 weeksRef. Fernando Arias 4/eRisk factors for preterm labor: have been discussed in Ans. 1Fetal fibronectinIt is a fetal glycoprotein found in the cervicovaginal discharge before 22 weeks and again after rupture of membranes.Levels of fibronectin >50mg/ml indicates pr... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Central sulcus is an example of | [
"Limiting sulcus",
"Axial sulcus",
"Operculated sulcus",
"Complete sulcus"
] | A | Limiting sulcus develops along the plane of the coical areas, which differ in the function they primarily subserve. Central sulcus (of Rolando) forms the boundary between the motor area of cerebral coex in front and sensory area behind. Calcarine sulcus is also a limiting sulcus. Axial sulci develop along the long axis... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Flea-bitten kidney is seen in all except - | [
"SABE",
"Malignant hypeension",
"Hemolytic Uremic syndrome",
"Diabetic nephropathy"
] | D | Ans is 'd' i.e., Diabetic Nephropathy'Flea-Bitten Kidney' refers to a gross appearance of kidney characterized by multiple, small, pinpoint, petechial hemorrhages on the coical surface of the kidney from rupture of aerioles or glomerular capillaries. Causes of flea - bitten kidney ?o Malignant hypeension o RPGNo TIP o ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Durck granuloma is seen in? | [
"Cat scratch disease",
"Cerebral malaria",
"Churg strauss syndrome",
"Coccidiomycoses"
] | B | Durck granuloma are blood vessels packed with rings of plasmodium falcipalum. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which one of the following can provide 100 % oxygen? | [
"Ventimask",
"Simple oxygen mask",
"Oxygen catheter",
"Anesthetic face mask"
] | D | Anaesthesia face mask FEATURES These facemasks have a cuff that allows for a complete seal to be achieved between the mask and the patient's face. Anesthetic facemasks can therefore be used to deliver non-invasive ventilation (NIV). In order to ventilate with an anesthetic facemask you'll need a pressurized gas source ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
During resuscitation, fractured ribs most commonly involve: | [
"2nd -4th ribs",
"3rd -5th ribs",
"4th -6th ribs",
"5th -7th ribs"
] | C | Ans. c. 4th -- 6th ribs Reasonable conclusions to be drawn from the literature in relation to rib fractures in adults Rib fractures following CPR in adults are quite common - 30 to 60% of prospective post-moem studies. Post-CPR rib fractures are often bilateral. The site of rib fracture is dependent on: the position of... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pralidoxime is ineffective in case of which poisoning | [
"Organophosphorous",
"Carbaryl",
"Both",
"None"
] | B | Refer kDT 6/e p 105 Carbaryl is a chemical in the carbamate family used chiefly as an insecticide. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most frequent site of accessory breast:- | [
"Axilla",
"Groin",
"Buttock",
"Thigh"
] | A | Most frequent site of accessory breast is axilla. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following techniques is used to study the current flow across a single ion channel? | [
"Voltage clamp technique",
"Patch clamp technique",
"Iontophoresis",
"Galvanometry"
] | B | Patch clamp technique is a laboratory technique in electrophysiology used to study ionic currents in individual isolated living cells,tissue sections or patches of cells Ref:Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology 12th edition,page number:66,67,68 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which drug is not acetylated? | [
"INH",
"Dapsone",
"Hydralazine",
"Metoclopropamide"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e. Metoclopramide Acetylation is a phase II metabolic reactionPhase II reactions serves to attach a conjugate to the drug molecule. After the phase II reactions all drugs becomes water soluble, so that they can be readily eliminated from the body.Phase II reactions includesGlucuronidationAcetylationMethyl... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is melatonin receptor agonist- | [
"Zolpidem",
"Ramelteon",
"Zomaltone",
"Zelutine"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Ramelteon o Ramelteon is the most recently FDA approved hypnotic.o It is a novel agent (novel hypnotic) with high selectivity for the melatonin receptors MT1 and MT2.o The CYP1A2 isoform of cytochrome P450 is mainly responsible for the metabolism of ramelteon and should not be used with fluvoxamine (a... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient of rectal carcinoma found to have tumor invading through the muscularis propria into the perirectal tissues, and two enlarged lymph nodes. How will you manage the patient? | [
"Surgery only",
"Surgery + Adjuvant chemotherapy",
"Preoperative chemoradiation followed by surgical resection",
"Palliative chemoradiation"
] | C | Stage of rectal cancer in the given scenario- Tumor invading through the muscularis propria into the perirectal tissues- T3 Two enlarged lymph nodes- N1b Thus, making it stage 3 Management of rectal cancer according to its stage- Stage Management Tis Polypectomy I Segmental resection II Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followe... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True statement about Limbic system\ | [
"Has five layers",
"It is not phylogenitically evolved in humans",
"Concerned with memory and the emotional aspects of behavior",
"Subcortical nuclei exclude the septum"
] | C | (C) Concerned with memory and the emotional aspects of behavior # Limbic system is phylogenetically old cortical structures. The limbic system (or Paleomammalian brain) is a set of brain structures including the hippocampus, amygdala, anterior thalamic nuclei, septum, limbic cortex and fornix, which seemingly support a... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 42-yrs-old immunosuppressed male presents with rapidly progressed neurologic symptoms including mental deterioration, visual loss, abnormal speech, and ataxia, Radiographic studies demonstrate multifiocal lesions in the white matter without mass effect. A stereotactic brain biopsy reveals areas of demyelination. Whic... | [
"Beta-A4 amyloid within blood vessels",
"Prion protein within extracellular plaques",
"Rosenthal fibers within astrocytes",
"Viral paicles within oligodendrocytes"
] | D | * Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a viral infection of oligodendrocytes that results in demyelination of the central nervous system. * Signs and symptoms of PML are varied but include dementia and ataxia along with abnormal vision and speech. The causative agents of PML are two closely related polyo... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Bih trauma is a risk factor for | [
"Prolapse uterus",
"Endometriosis",
"PID",
"Aboions"
] | A | A bh injury is impoant etiological factor for prolapse A perineal tear is less harmful than the excessive stretching of the pelvic floor muscles and ligaments that occur during childbih because overstretching cause atonicity whereas torned muscle could be stitched Squatting position used during delivery may cause exces... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The genetic variation in drug metabolism pathway that results in severe toxicity of fluorouracil is: | [
"CYP2C9",
"Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase",
"Thiopurine-S methyltransferase",
"CYP2D6"
] | B | Genetic variation in drug metabolism pathway dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase results in severe toxicity of capecitabine, fluorouracil. Ref: Harrison, Edition-18, Page-42. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Light microscope resolution to visualise chromosomes | [
"500 kb",
"5 mb",
"50 mb",
"5 kb"
] | D | Standard light microscopes have a lateral resolution limit of about 0.5micrometers for routine analysis In light microscopy, a beam of light is focused through a microscope using glass lenses to produce an enlarged image of the specimen | train | med_mcqa | null |
Trendelenburg sign is positive in damage of the following nerve - | [
"Inferior gluteal nerve",
"Pudendal nerve",
"Superior gluteal nerve",
"Posterior tibial nerve"
] | C | Trendelenberg test :
It tests the stability of the hip and particularly of the abductor mechanism of the limb on which the patient is standing.
The principle of the test :
Normally when one leg is raised from the ground the pelvis tilts upwards on that side, through the action of the hip abductors of the standing li... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In Burkitt's lymphoma, translocation seen is chromosome - | [
"12 - 14 translocation",
"8 - 14 translocation",
"4 - 8 translocation",
"12- 18 translocation"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Run-amok is a feature of poisoning with: Maharashtra 10 | [
"Opium",
"Dhatura",
"Cannabis",
"Alcohol"
] | C | Ans. Cannabis | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drug of choice for obsessive compulsive neurosis is? | [
"Imipramine",
"Fluoxetine",
"Chlorpromazine",
"Benzodiazepine"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Fluoxetine * Antidepressants are the drugs of choice for OCD. Amongst antidepressants SSRIs (fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertaline, citalopram) are the drug of choice for OCD.Treatment of PCD* Drug treatment and behavioral therapy (including cognitive behavioral therapy) are regarded as first line treatme... | train | med_mcqa | null |
An 8-month old child presented with itchy, exudative lesions on the face, palms and soles. The siblings also have similar complaints. Which of the following is the treatment of choice? | [
"Systemic ampicillin",
"Topical permethrin",
"Systemic prednisolone",
"Topical betamethasone"
] | B | The child in the question is showing features of scabies cause by Sarcoptes scabei. The treatment of choice in scabies is 5% permethrin cream. In adults, it is applied from the neck down and washed off after 8-14 hours. In children younger than 5 years of age and the elderly, it should be applied to the entire skin sur... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common cause of Acute paronychia is | [
"Staphylococcus",
"Pseudomonas",
"Candida",
"Trichophyton"
] | A | Most common cause of Acute paronychia: Staphylococcus
Most common cause of Chronic paronychia: candida. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Typhoid carriers harbor bacteria in | [
"Gallbladder",
"Urinary bladder",
"Pancreas",
"Spleen"
] | A | Salmonella typhi or Salmonella typhimurium can infect the gallbladder. Acute cholecystitis can occur. More frequently, chronic cholecystitis occurs, the patient becoming a typhoid carrier excreting the bacteria in the bile.Ref: Bailey and love 27e pg: 1202 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Thompson and Epstein's classification is used in the management of : | [
"Fracture neck of femur",
"Anterior dislocation of hip",
"Central dislocation of hip",
"Posterior dislocation of hip"
] | D | Thompson and Epstein classification - For planning treatment of Posterior dislocation of hip Type I Dislocation with no more than minor chip fractures Type II Dislocation with single large fragment of posterior acetabular wall Type III Dislocation with comminuted fragments of posterior acetabular wall Type IV Dislocati... | train | med_mcqa | null |
WHICH STATEMENT IS TRUE ABOUT CAFFEY&;S DISEASE IS ? | [
"Renal osteodystrophy",
"Infantile coical hyperostosis",
"Osteomyelitis of jaw in children",
"Chronic osteomyelitis in children"
] | B | CAFEYS DISEASE : Infantile Coical Hyperostosis is a rare disease of infants and children. Usually stas during the first few months of life with painful swelling over the tubular bones and mandible Child may be feverish and irritable,refusing to move the affected limb X-rays characterically show periosteal new-bone form... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Concerning the gastrointestinal (GI) tract during pregnancy, which of the following is true? | [
"Gastric emptying time is increased in each trimester",
"Epulis is a systemic highly vascular swelling of mucosal membranes",
"Gastric emptying time is shoened during labor",
"Pyrosis is caused by reflux of acidic secretions into the lower esophagus"
] | D | Heaburn (pyrosis) is the feeling of substernal burning, often radiating to the neck. It is caused by the reflux of acidic (or, rarely, alkaline) material into the esophagus, it is highly specific for gastroesophageal reflux disease. Epulis: A pyogenic granuloma is a common, benign proliferation of connective tissue in ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Richest source of Linoleic acid:- | [
"Safflower oil",
"Sun flower oil",
"Olive oil",
"Ground nut"
] | A | - Highest amount of most essential fatty acid is in Safflower oil. Dietary sources of EFA:- Essential fatty acids Dietary source Per cent content Linoleic acid Safflower oil Corn oil Sunflower oil Soyabean oil Sesame oil Groundnut oil Mustard oil Palm oil Coconut oil 73 57 56 51 40 39 15 9 2 Arachidonic acid Meat, eggs... | train | med_mcqa | null |
False about irritant contact dermatitis | [
"It is due to direct toxic effects of chemicals over skin",
"Senisitization phase occurs before clinical phase",
"Soaps & detergents are the most common cause",
"Irritant contact dermatitis is more common than allergic contact dermatitis."
] | B | As it is not an immonolgical reaction, sensitization phase doesn't occur in Irritant contact dermatitis. | train | med_mcqa | null |
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