question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
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On barium swallow Leiomyoma shows following characteristic appearance? | [
"Rat tail appearance",
"Cork screw appearance",
"Oval mass lined by barium",
"String sign"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Oval mass lined by bariumOn barium swallow, leiomyoma may be seen as a discrete round or ovoid submucosal mass that is well outlined by barium.Its borders form slightly obtuse angles with the esophageal wall.Esophageal leiomyoma is a benign smooth-muscle neoplasm of the oesophagus. It is the most comm... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 40 year old man was admitted to the hospital emergency with sudden onset of symptoms and signs of severe left ventricular failure. What would be the best management of this patient? | [
"Esmolol",
"Ibultilide",
"Digoxin",
"DC Shock 25-50J"
] | D | ECG shows atrial flutter with 2:1 block. Since the patient is in acute LVF, Beta blockers are contraindicated. Since the circulation of patient is compromised, Cardioversion ( DC shock 25-50 J) is indicated. Ibutilide is used for rhythm control but at the moment prompt treatment is warranted. Digoxin is not an answer b... | train | med_mcqa | null |
according to baskets classification of hemorhagic shock , a patient with decreased blood pressure , decreased urine output and decreased circulatory volume of 30-40% is managed by ? | [
"crytalloids infusion",
"plasma therapy",
"crystalloids+blood transfusion",
"blood transfusion alone"
] | C | this is class 3 of baskets hemorrhagic classification which ned to be treated with both blood transfusion and crystalloid management . class 1& 2 are treated with crystalloids . class 3 & 4 are treated with blood transfusion and crystalloids ref : bailey and love 27th ed | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drug of choice in drug induced Parkinsonism is ? | [
"Levodopa",
"Carbidopa",
"Amantadine",
"Benzhexol"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Benzhexol | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hepatic C is associated with all except: | [
"PAN",
"Dermatomyositis like syndrome",
"Lichen Planus",
"All"
] | B | Answer is B (Dermatomyositis like syndrome) Dermatamyositis like syndrome has not been mentioned in association with Hepatitis C infection. Psoriasis has also not been linked to Hepatitis C virus directly although it may be seen in patients treated with Interferon a Lichen plaints and PAN are established associations o... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Nerve lying in the spiral groove of humerus is: | [
"Musculocutaneous nerve",
"Ulnar nerve",
"Radial nerve",
"Median nerve"
] | C | Anatomy of radial nerve Formed by: Axons from Roots: C5 to T1 Brachial plexus Trunks: Superior, Medial and Inferior Cord: Posterior Axons pass through Spiral groove of humerus Fibrous arch attachment of triceps to humerus Lateral intermuscular septum below deltoid inseion Arcade of Frohse: Above supinator and below elb... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 45 year male presents with delirium, increased body temperature, dryness, dilated pupils and HR 130/min. Possible diagnosis: | [
"Carbamate poisoning",
"Organophosphate poisoning",
"Atropine poisoning",
"Cocaine poisoning"
] | C | (Ref: Katzung Pharmacology, 14th ed. pg. 127-28)Organophosphates are irreversible Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor which is well absorbed from the skin, lung, gut, and conjunctiva--thereby making them dangerous to humans and highly effective as insecticides.Due to inhibition of acetylcholinesterase enzyme, acetylcholine ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about Hemochromatosis is? | [
"Iron deposits in the viscera and its destruction",
"Is genetically homogenous",
"Completely penetrant",
"Females are more commonly affected than male"
] | A | ANSWER: (A) Iron deposits in the viscera and its destructionREF: Robbins 8th edn Page 1642-43, Wintrobes 12th ed page 860, 862Option (A); Gray or bronze pigmentation is the most common physical examination abnormality in hemochromatosis homozygotes, occurring in approximately 35 to 84%. Other common physical examinatio... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Gamma camera in Nuclear Medicine is used for: | [
"Organ imaging.",
"Measuring the radioactivity.",
"Monitoring the surface contamination",
"RIA."
] | B | B i.e. Measuring the radioactivity A gamma camera, measures radioactivityQ of the substance that is taken up by specific organ or tissue of interest, by detecting gamma rays Working of gamma camera Nuclear medicine studies require the oral or intravenous introduction of very low level radioactive material (called radio... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The immunoassay performed in HIV to detect the presence of antibodies to individual viral proteins is | [
"NASBA",
"ELISA",
"Western Blot",
"PCR"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Non motile organism - | [
"E. coli",
"Vibrio cholera",
"Proteus vulgaris",
"Shigella dysentery"
] | D | Entire Enterobacteriaceae family is motile (peritrichous flagella )except:- Shigella and Klebsiella., atypical e.coli, salmonella gallinarium, salmonella pullorum, yersenia pestis | train | med_mcqa | null |
Shanti has been diagnosed to have brain tumor. You would prefer to give her betamethasone/dexamethasonc over hydrocoisonc as steroids to decrease her cerebral edema because: | [
"They do not cause Na+ and water retention",
"They are more potent",
"They can be administered intravenously",
"They inhibit brain tumours"
] | A | (Ref: KDT 6/e p285) Triamcinolone, betamethasone, dexamethasone and paramethasone are selective glucocoicoids (have zero mineralocoicoid action). These are preferred for cerebral edema because they lack salt and water retaining potential (mineralocoicoid action). | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sodium nitroprusside acts by activation of | [
"Guanylate cyclase",
"K+ chanells",
"Ca++ chanells",
"Cyclic AMP"
] | A | Nitroprusside generates NO that relaxes the vascular smooth muscle by activating Guanylate cyclase Refer kDT 6/e p548 | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following tumors are malignant except: | [
"Glioma",
"Astrocytoma",
"Hemangioblastoma",
"Ependymoma"
] | C | Answer is C (Hemangioblastoma): Cerebellar hemangioblastoina is a benign neoplasm that occurs either sporadically or as pa of Von Hippel - Lindau disease - Chandrasoma Taylor 2"d/933 Clinically presentation is with : - Cerebellar dysfunctionQ - HydrocephalusQ - Polycythemia (the tumor produces erythropoetin).Q | train | med_mcqa | null |
Number of ASHA visits after home delivery is: | [
"4",
"5",
"6",
"7"
] | D | ASHA: Acredited Social Health Activist - 25-45 yr old female worker, Works at village level - Should be resident of same village - Bridge b/w Village & ANM; Selected by village panchayat - Training is given by ANM & AWW - Impact indicators: Reduction of IMR TB cases detected Leprosy cases detected PEM rates - Number of... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Propranolol is useful in all, Except | [
"Migrane",
"Thyrotoxicosis",
"Parkinsonian tremor",
"Oesophageal varices"
] | C | Propranolol is used for essential tremor but not in parkinsonian tremor. In Graves disease, Propranolol (20-40 mg every 6 h) or longer-acting selective b1 receptor blockers such as atenolol may be helpful to control adrenergic symptoms, especially in the early stages before antithyroid drugs take effect. Beta blockers ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Rules for criminal responsibility of the insane are all, except: | [
"Morrison's rule",
"American Law institute's rule",
"New Hampshire doctrine",
"Curren's rule"
] | A | Rules related to criminal responsibility of insane person Mc Naughten's rule Durham's rule (1954) Curren's rule (1964) American Law Institute test (1970 The Brawner rule (1972) The Irresistible Impulse (new Hampshire doctrine) Morrison rule(1964): This rule states that the crown heel length of the foetus in centimeters... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Awakening the fundamental desire to learn is known as: | [
"Motivation",
"Interest",
"Learning",
"Comprehension"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Fluorescein for ophthalmological diagnosis is injected in - | [
"Antecubital vein",
"Popliteal vein",
"Femoral vein",
"Subclavian vein"
] | A | Ans. (a) Antecubital veinRef: Diagnostic Procedures by Nema, 2/e, p. 177The technique of fluorescein angiography comprises rapidly injecting 5 mL of 10% solution of sterile sodium fluorescein dye in the antecubital vein and taking serial photographs of the fundus. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Raygat's test is used for ? | [
"Weight of lung",
"Specific gravity of lung",
"Consistency of lung",
"None"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Specific gravity of lung Hydrostatic test (Raygat's test, 1" life test) : The specific gravity of a non-respired lung is 1040-1050 and of a respired lung is 940-950, so, after respiration lung floats on water (specific gravity of water is 1000). False positive hydrostatic test may occur (i.e.non-respi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Feature of CRF include all, except: | [
"Impotence",
"Restless legs",
"Isothenuria",
"All of the above"
] | D | Answer is D (All of the above): Isothenuria and Broadcast sediment are common in chronic renal failure. Impotence and Restless legs are features of uremia seen in chronic renal failure. Essentials of Diagnosis of CRF: Progressive Azotemia over months to years Symptoms and signs of uremia when nearing endstage disease H... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which one of the following is the major determinant of plasma osmolality - | [
"Serum sodium",
"Serum potassium",
"Blood glucose",
"Blood urea nitrogen"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Serum sodium o Plasma osmolality = 2 (sodium + potassium)+BUN2.8+Blood sugar18 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Delusion of Nihilism and Early morning insomnia are characteristic features of | [
"Mania",
"Major depression",
"Personality disorder",
"Personality disorder"
] | B | B i.e. Major depression | train | med_mcqa | null |
“Tophus” is the pathognomonic lesion of which of the following condition | [
"Multiple myeloma",
"Gout",
"Cystinosis",
"Eales disease"
] | B | Tophi are pathognomonic of gout. They are formed by large aggregations of urate crystals. The urate crystals are surrounded by
a. Macrophages
b. Lymphocytes
c. Large foreign body giant cells
They are seen in them.
Articular cartilages of joints *
b. Periarticular ligaments*
c. Tendons and soft tissues*
d. Achilles tend... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following labels corresponds to the condenser of the microscope? | [
"C",
"B",
"D",
"A"
] | A | Ans. (a) C style="font-size: 1.04761904761905em; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; margin: 0 0 0 8px; text-indent: 0"> Explanation:In the given image, C corresponds to condenser of microscope.Different parts of microscopes are marked in the following image. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Thyroid eye disease is due to- | [
"Thyrotoxicosis",
"Hypothyroidism",
"Euthyroidism",
"Hashimoto's disease"
] | A | *Thyroid Opthalmopathy, also called thyroid orbitopathy, is a disease of the orbit seen in Graves diseases (thyrotoxicosis), Therefore also called Graves ophthalmopathy. Ref: Kanski's Clinical Opthalmology 8th/e p.82 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Fibrosis is due to- | [
"TGF-b",
"TNF-a",
"IL - 7",
"IL -10"
] | A | Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease South Asia edition. Robbins 9/e p46 *activated macrophages secrete 1 growth factors ,TGF Beta:tissue repair and fibrosis. 2 IL 10 ,TGF Beta: anti inflammatory effect. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Abbe - Estlander is used for: | [
"Lip",
"Tongue",
"Eyelid",
"Ears"
] | A | A flap is a skin graft which has its own blood supply. (Normally a skin graft to survive is revascularized by the recipient bed. A flap has its own blood supply.)
Abbey flap is used for Lip reconstruction. It is based on main artery of the orbicularis oris, the labial artery. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Trivalent oral polio vaccine contains, type 3 virus: | [
"300,000 TCID 50",
"200,000 TCID 50",
"100,000 TCID 50",
"400,000 TCID 50"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Bull's eye lesions are clinically seen in: | [
"Lingually impacted 3rd molar.",
"Erythema multiformae.",
"Taurodontism",
"None of the above"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Lyme disease is transmitted by | [
"Rat flea",
"Mite",
"Tick",
"Mosquito"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Leash sign is found in | [
"Ectopic Pregnancy",
"Vulvovaginitis",
"Polyhydramnios",
"Tubercular Salpingitis"
] | A | Ans. A. Ectopic PregnancyAll cases of ectopic pregnancies had a typical eccentric leash of vessels on color Doppler that showed a low resistance placental type of flow on spectral Doppler. This is called leash sign. This sign has a sensitivity of 100% and specifity of 99% a positive predictive value of 95% and negative... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Conn's syndrome is associated with all, except : | [
"Hypeension",
"Muscle weakness",
"Hypokalemia",
"Edema"
] | D | Answer is D (Edema): `Patients with primary aldosteronism (Conn's syndrome) characteristically do not have edema since they exhibit an "escape" phenomenon from the sodium retaining aspects of mineralocoicoids' | train | med_mcqa | null |
Early stage of carcinoma esophagus is diagnosed by - | [
"Barium meal",
"Trans oesophageal USG",
"MRI",
"Endoscopy"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which one of the following is not a principle followed in the management of missile injuries - | [
"Excision of all dead muscles",
"Removal of foreign bodies",
"Removal of fragments of bone",
"Leaving the wound open"
] | C | • In limb wounds, exploration is followed by thorough wound excision, after which, with very few exceptions, the wound should be left open.
• A minimal amount of skin edge (i.e. only that which has been contaminated) should be excised around the entrance and exit wounds.
• Foreign matter should be removed from the woun... | train | med_mcqa | null |
This pressure time graph is seen which mode of ventilation:- | [
"VCV",
"PCV",
"PSV",
"CPAP"
] | B | In this graph constant Pressure is achieved which is seen in Pressure Control Ventilation. The major benefit of PCV is ability to control peak alveolar pressure which is a pressure most closely related to alveolar distention and injury, Thus PCV is protecting alveoli from overdistension. Pressure control modes of venti... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is an X-linked dominant condition presenting as hyperpigmented lesions along lines of Blaschko? | [
"Incontinentia pigmenti",
"Hypomelanosis of Ito",
"LEOPARD syndrome",
"Pseudoxanthoma elasticum"
] | A | X-linked dominant trait due to mutation in NEMO gene presents as 4 distinct clinical stage in girls. Stage 1: inflammatory macules, papules, vesicles and pustules Stage 2: hyperkeratotic and verrucous lesions Stage 3: grey-brown pigmentation Stage 4: atrophic, hypopigmented and depigmented bands Ref: Rook's textbook of... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 47-year-old woman with a lengthy history of heartburn and dyspepsia experiences a sudden onset of abdominal pain. On physical examination, she has severe mid epigastric pain with guarding. Bowel sounds are reduced. An abdominal plain film radiograph shows free air under the left leaf of the diaphragm. She is immediat... | [
"Campylobacter jejuni",
"Cryptosporidium parvum",
"Giardia lamblia",
"Helicobacter pylori"
] | D | Although they are not found in the duodenum, Helicobacter pylori organisms alter the microenvironment of the stomach, causing the stomach and duodenum to be susceptible to peptic ulcer disease. Virtually all duodenal peptic ulcers are associated with H. pylori infection. Ulceration can extend through the muscularis and... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Corneal dystrophies are usually - | [
"Primarily unilateral",
"Primarily bilateral",
"c)Primarily unilateral without systemic disease",
"d) Primarily bilateral with systemic disease"
] | B | Corneal dystrophies are inherited disorders in which the cells have some inborn defects due to which the pathological changes may occur with passage of time leading to development of corneal haze in otherwise normal eyes that are free from inflammation or vascularization.Dystrophies occur bilaterally manifesting occasi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Massive PPH may warrant all interventions except: | [
"Hysterectomy",
"Thermal endometrial ablation",
"Internal iliac aery ligation",
"Balloon tamponade"
] | B | Thermal endometrial ablation is not used in the management of massive PPH. Mechanical methods for failed medical management: Bimanual compression Uterine packing under anaesthesia Bakri balloon: Maximun filling volume is 500 ml Shivkars Pack: Condom inflated with saline and tied to a nasogastric tube. Surgical methods ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Trismus in parapharyngeal abscess is caused by spasm of which of the following muscle? | [
"Medial pterygoid",
"Lateral pterygoid",
"Masseter",
"Temporalis"
] | A | Parapharyngeal space - It is pyramidal in shape . base at base of skull and apex at hyoid bone Its divided into two components anterior & posterior. The trismus is seen in the anterior compament parapharyngeal abscess and it is due to spasm of the medial pterygoid muscle. | train | med_mcqa | null |
The nerve supply of stapedius muscle is: | [
"III cranial nerve",
"V cranial nerve",
"VII cranial nerve",
"XI cranial nerve"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 41 -year-old woman presented with a history of aches and pains all over the body and generalized weakness for four years. She cannot sleep because of the illness and has lost her appetite as well. She has lack of interest in work and doesn't like to meet friends and relatives. She denies feelings of sadness. Her most... | [
"Somatoform pain disorder",
"Major depression",
"Somatization disorder",
"Dissociative disorder"
] | B | Depression:- Clinical features:- The symptoms of depression can be remembered using the pneumonic, SIGECAPS. These symptoms must last for more than two weeks, for the diagnosis of depression. A) Sleep disturbances: Usually insomnia is seen however hypersomnia can also be a symptom. The two characteristic sleep disturba... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hypovitaminosis D causes – | [
"Zonular cataract",
"Blue – Dot cataract",
"Rosette cataract",
"Cupuliform cataract"
] | A | Hypocalcaemia (Hypoparathyroidism, hypovitaminosis D) causes zonular (lamellar) cataract. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Thermoregulatory center is located at: | [
"Pons",
"Hypothalamus",
"Medulla",
"Pituitary"
] | B | Ans. B. HypothalamusThermoregulatory center is a center located in the HYPOTHALAMUS that regulates heat production especially heat loss. It is found in the anterior portion of the hypothalamus, especially the preoptic area. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following does not involve nerve damage | [
"Guillian Barre syndrome",
"Erb's paralysis",
"Volkmann's paralysis",
"Neurotmesis"
] | C | C i.e. Volkman's paralysis Gullian Barre syndrome, erb's paralysis & neurotmesis primarilly involve nerve Whereas Volkman's paralysis is primarilly ischemic paralysis of muscles due to raised intra compamental pressure (vascular phenomenon)Q. It may secondarily lead to nerve ischemia and damage. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is diagnostic of GDM by 75 g GTT as per NICE 2015 criteria? | [
"FBG > 5.1 mmol/L",
"FBG > 7.0 mmol/L",
"Fasting blood glucose 5.6 mmol/L",
"2 hr PP OGTT more than 5.8 mmol/L"
] | C | Ans. is c, i.e. Fasting blood glucose 5.6 mmol/LNICE 2015 guidelines for diagnosing Gestational diabetesGestational DiabetesDiagnose gestational diabetes if the woman has either:-A fasting plasma glucose level of 5.6 mmol/litre or above or-A 2-hour plasma glucose level of 7.8 mmol/litre or above. Also know - Metabolic ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Best way to prevent Nosocomial infection | [
"Wearing mask",
"Hand washing",
"Maintaining distance",
"Frequent Bathing"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is called as the Dangerous Zone of Eye: | [
"Sclera",
"Retina",
"Optic nerve",
"Ciliary body"
] | D | Ciliary body | train | med_mcqa | null |
An inpatient of the hospital suffers burns injury when hot bottles were used for the treatment. In the case, the hospital incharge was also charged for the negligence under the doctrine of ___ | [
"Vicarious liability",
"Res ipsa loquitur",
"Novus actus interveniens",
"Contributory negligence"
] | A | Vicarious Liability/Respondeat Superior An employer is responsible not only for his own negligent act, but also for the negligent act of his employees by the principle of 'respondeat superior'. It also called the 'Master-Servant Rule'. In medical practice, usually, the principal doctor becomes responsible for any negli... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The Children Act, 1960 (Amended 1977) p[rovides for care, maintenance, welfare, training, education and rehabilitation of - | [
"Physically handicapped children",
"Deliquent children",
"Children below 6 years of age",
"Malnourished children needing nutrition and preschool sevices"
] | B | parks textbook of preventive and social medicine 23rd edition *the children act 1960 in india provides for the care ,maintenance,welfare,training,education and rehabilitation of the delinquent child. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Duffy antigen on erythrocytes are receptors for | [
"P. falciparum",
"P. vivax",
"P. ovale",
"P. malariae"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are causes of sensorineural deafness except: | [
"Old age",
"Cochlear otosclerosis",
"Loud sound",
"Rupture of tympanic membrane"
] | D | (d) Rupture of tympanic membrane (leads to conductive deafness).(Ref. Cummings, 6th ed., 2201)Old age (presbycusis) leads to SN hearing loss.Loud noise induced hearing loss is associated with pathological changes in cochlea leading to SN hearing loss. Noise trauma, presbycusis and ototoxic drugs involve basal turns of ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In post-ovulatory phase thickness of endometrium is because of | [
"Progesterone",
"Oestrogen",
"FSH",
"LH"
] | A | In mammals an endocrine gland that develops in the ovary at the site of the Graafian follicle after rupture of the follicle wall and discharge of the ovum (ovulation); it consists of altered follicular (so-called lutein) cells. If pregnancy does not follow ovulation, the corpus luteum degenerates within one or two week... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All physiological processes occur during the growth at the epiphyseal plate except | [
"Proliferation & hyperophy",
"Calcification & ossification",
"Vasculogenesis & erosion",
"Replacement of red bone marrow with yellow marrow"
] | D | O As the growth plate is ossified, it receives vascular buds & Vasculogenesis occurs, the new blood vessels helping the metaphyseal aery to anastomose with the epiphyseal aery. o Thus, metaphyseal aery are no more termed as end- aery in an adult o Erosion of bone keep happening by the osteoclast cells, which help in en... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most sensitive and specific test for diagnosis of iron deficiency is: | [
"Serum iron level",
"Serum ferritin levels",
"Serum transferrin receptor populations",
"Transferrin saturation"
] | B | b. Serum ferritin levels(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 2323-2325, Ghai 8/e p 334-335)Low serum ferritin level invariably indicates iron deficiency and hence it is the most specific and sensitive test for iron deficiency anemia. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Uterus develops from - | [
"Mullerian duct",
"Wolffian duct",
"Both",
"None"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Femoral sheath contains all except | [
"Femoral artery",
"Femoral vein",
"Femoral nerve",
"Lymph node"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Optic tract lesions presents with - | [
"Bitemporal hemianopia",
"Binasal hemianopia",
"Homonymous hemianopia",
"Superior quadrantanopia"
] | C | Optic tract lesions cause incongurant homonymous hemianopia. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Red infarct is seen in? | [
"Small intestine",
"Kidney",
"Spleen",
"Heart"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Small intestine * Infarcts are of two types:-a) Red infarcts (haemorrhagic infarcts) :- It has well defined hemorrhagic red margins which later becomes brown. It occurs in ovary (venous occlusion due to torsion), lung (loose tissue) and small intestine.b) Pale infarct/white infarct (anemic infarct):- ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which base is not found in DNA: | [
"Adenine",
"Guanine",
"Cytosine",
"Uracil"
] | D | Ans. D. UracilBoth DNA and RNA contain same type of purines namely Adenine (A) and Guanine (G). The pyrimidine, in DNA are Thymine (T) and Cytosine(C). The pyrimidines in RNA are Uracil (U) and Cytosine(C). | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following phase is small and equiaxed: | [
"Gamma1 phase.",
"Gamma 2 phase.",
"Residual phase.",
"All of the above."
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 10-year-old child with new onset of visual field abnormalities and diabetes insipidus undergoes a head CT. The CT scan demonstrates a 3cm mass lesion with focal calcification involving the area above the sella turcica. Needle biopsy of this mass shows that the tumor is composed of tissue resembling tooth enamel. Whic... | [
"Craniopharyngioma",
"Glioblastoma multiforme",
"Large pituitary adenoma",
"Medulloblastoma"
] | A | The tumor is a craniopharyngioma, alternatively known as an adamantinoma or ameloblastoma. Craniopharyngiomas may arise in, or more commonly above, the sella turcica. The histological pattern recapitulates the enamel organ of the tooth, with nests or cords of stratified squamous or columnar epithelium embedded in a loo... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most malignant testicular tumour - | [
"Embryonal cell carcinoma",
"Seminoma",
"Choriocarcinoma",
"Teratoma"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
In asymmetrical IUGR which organ is not affected - | [
"Subcutaneous fat",
"Muscle",
"Liver",
"Brain"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Brain IUGR is classified as 1) Symmetric IUGR o Reduced growth is symmetric -4 head circumference, length and weight equally affected. o Has earlier onset. o Is associated with diseases that seriously affect fetal cell number, such as conditions with chromosomal, genetic malformation, teratogenic, inf... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not a feature of atypical depresslon? | [
"TCAs are better than MAO and SSRI for treatment",
"Variable Mood responding to positive stimulus in surroundings",
"Increased sleep and weight gain",
"Marked fatigue and heaviness in the body"
] | A | Ans. A : TCAs are better than MAO and SSRI for treatment(Ref: Complete review ofpsychiatry by Dn Prashant Agrawal, ed-, 201g, ch - 3, pg, 60)SymptomAtypicalMood reactivityMood reactivity present (brightens in response to positive events)Weight appetite SleepSignificant weight gain or increase in appetite Excessive slee... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Treatment of carcinoma appendix is - | [
"Right hemicolectomy",
"Extended Right hemicolectomy",
"Left hemicolectomy",
"Extended left hemicolectomy"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Right hemicolectomy Carcinoids and adenocarcinomas of appendix may require right hemicolectomy.o Structures removed in right hemicolectomy :a. Caecum with appendixb. Ascending colonc. Hepatic flexured. Proximal transverse colone. Part of terminal ileumf. Fat and lymphnodes | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following about carcinoids is not true a) 80 % occur in appendix and ileum b) Most of them metastatise to liver c) 90 % of them cause carcinoma symptoms d) They can occur in the lungs | [
"ac",
"bd",
"cd",
"acd"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
In diabetes, which can occur in the fetus : | [
"Pre-eclampsia",
"Polyhydramnios",
"Fetal anomalies",
"Abruptio placentae"
] | C | Ans. is c i.e. Fetal anomalies Well friends, this one can be solved even without any reference, as all the conditions given in the options (except fetal anomalies), are conditions affecting mother. | train | med_mcqa | null |
The scope of the modern concept of family planning services include all of the following except | [
"Screening for cervical cancer",
"Providing services for unmarried mothers",
"Screening for HIV infection",
"Providing adoption services"
] | C | Scope of family planning services: Family planning is not synonymous with bih control, it is more than mere bih control.A WHO expe committee has stated that family planning includes:the proper spacing and limitation of bihsadvice on sterilityeducation for parenthoodsex educationscreening for pathological conditions rel... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient presents to the emergency room with malaise. The physician notices slight jaundice. Serum chemistries reveal marked elevation of both aspaate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), with the AST/ALT ratio being 2.5. Alkaline phosphatase is near normal. Serum copper and serum iron are normal... | [
"Alcoholic hepatitis",
"Biliary cirrhosis",
"Hemochromatosis",
"Hepatitis A"
] | A | Elevated AST and ALT with a AST/ALT ratio of greater than 1.5 is strongly suggestive of alcoholic hepatitis. Microscopic features of this condition include swollen and necrotic hepatocytes, neutrophil infiltration, Mallory (hyaline) bodies, fatty change, and fibrosis around the central vein. Biliary cirrhosis would be ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In normal distribution curve, which have same value- | [
"SD and mean",
"SD and Mode",
"Mode and Mean",
"SD and Median"
] | C | Ref: Parks 23rd edition pg 849. The standard normal curve is a smooth, bell-shaped curve, perfectly symmetrical curve based on an infinitely large number of observations. Total area of the curve is 1. Mean=0 Standard detion is 1 . The mean, median and mode all coincide. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Prunning of pulmonary aeries is seen in - | [
"Pulmonary hypeension",
"Chronic bronchitis",
"Pulmonary infections",
"Pulmonary transplant"
] | A | Pulmonary Aerial Hypeension is characterised by enlargement of main pulmonary trunk and Right and Left main pulmonary aeries with dispropoinately small peripheral blood vessels. This is referred to as prunning of pulmonary aeries.. * elevated cardiac apex due to right ventricular hyperophy * enlarged right atrium * pro... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Incubation period of measles - | [
"14 days",
"1 Month",
"3 Month",
"5 Month"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 14 days Incubation periods of important respiratory infectionsDiseaseCausative organismincubation periodSmall poxVariola virus7-14 daysChicken poxHuman (alpha) herpes virus14-16 daysMeasles (Rubeolla)RNA paramyxovirus10-14 daysRubella (German Measles)RNA Togavirus14-21 daysMumpsRNA Myxovirus14-18 days... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Visual area of coex is supplied by | [
"Anterior cerebral aery",
"Middle cerebral aery",
"Posterior cerebral aery",
"Posterior inferior cerebellar aery"
] | C | Occipital lobe or visual coex is supplied by posterior cerebral aery Ref: Gray's40e/p-256 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Spalding sign is a feature of: | [
"Prematurity",
"Postmaturity",
"Foetal death",
"Hydrocephalus"
] | C | Ans: C (Foetal death) Ref: The Essentials of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology by KS Narayan Reddy. 29th edition. 2010.Explanation:In intrauterine maceration, the skull vault bones may partly overlap each other. This is called as Spalding's sign and is also detectable by X-Ray examination before the birth of the dead fe... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 27 year old female having a family history of autoimmune disease presents with the complaints of a skin rash and recurrent joint pains 3 months after delivering a baby. She is most likely to have which of the following disorders? | [
"Megakaryocytic thrombocytopenia",
"Amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia",
"Functional platelet defect",
"Acquired Factor VIII inhibitors"
] | D | Acquired factor VIII deficiency Muscle and soft tissue bleeds are common. Bleeding into a joint results in severe pain and swelling, as well as loss of function, but is rarely associated with discoloration from bruising around the joint. Life-threatening sites of bleeding include bleeding into the oropharynx, where ble... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Microsbrasion technique of stain removal was given by: | [
"Kroll.",
"McInnis.",
"Nutting.",
"Stewart."
] | A | KROLL → “MICROABRASION technique“18% HCl.
Indication of microabrasion:
Fluorosis stains/any stains–limited to depth, not more than 0.2 to 0.3 mm. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A posteriorly perforating ulcer in the pyloric antrum of the stomach is likely to produce initial localized peritonitis or abscess formation in the - | [
"Greater sac",
"Left subhepatic and hepatorenal spaces (pouch of Morrison)",
"Omental bursa",
"Right subphrenic space"
] | C | A posterior gastric ulcer may perforate into the lesser sac (omental bursa).
The leaking fluid passes out through epiploic foramen to reach the hepatorenal pouch.
Sometimes in these cases, the epiploic foramen is closed by adhesions.
Then the lesser sac becomes distended and can be drained by a tube passed through the ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 24 year male came to OPD with brownish itchy patches in axilla, blood lamp examination shows "coral red" fluroscence. Most likely diagnosis is: | [
"Tenia corporis",
"Hidradenitis suppurativa",
"Erythrasma",
"Tinea crusis"
] | C | Erythrasma is caused by Corynebacterium.minutissimum characterized by intense itchy brownish red patches in axilla and groin , which on wood lamp examination shows characteristic "coral red" fluorescence. | train | med_mcqa | null |
In fracture of penis involving rupture of tunica albuginea with intact Buch's fascia following would be noted clinically? | [
"Hematoma involving only the shaft of penis",
"Hematoma involving scrotum & perineal region",
"Penis, scrotum and abdominal wall",
"Penis scrotum & thighs."
] | A | Hematoma involving only the shaft of penis.Penile fracture is the disruption of the tunica albuginea with rupture of the corpus cavernosum.Penile fracture is most commonly seen during sexual intercourse (when the rigid penis slips out of the vagina and strikes the perineum or pubic bone), however it is also seen with m... | train | med_mcqa | null |
After taking a drug a patient developed some abdominal problem for which he consulted a physician, who adviced X-ray. X ray findings was radiopacity in bowel. Probably he might have taken A/E: | [
"Salicylate",
"Iron",
"Phenothiazine",
"Coicosteroid"
] | D | D i.e. Coicosteroid | train | med_mcqa | null |
A newborn baby was born with phocomelia. It results due to which drug taken by mother during pregnancy | [
"Tetracycline",
"Thalidomide",
"Warfarin",
"Alcohol"
] | B | Ans. (B) Thalidomide(Ref: KDT 8th/e p100)Thalidomide is highly teratogenic drug that can result in phocomelia as congenital anomaly. | train | med_mcqa | null |
You are presented with a patient having a diffuse swelling in the neck bilaterally below the chin region. Intra orally the Lower molar is infected on left side
Incision is made for drainage at? | [
"Most prominent part of swelling",
"Most dependent part of swelling",
"Choose the area were esthetics is not compromised",
"All of the above"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Appetite is stimulated by all of the following peptides, except | [
"Agouti - Related Peptide (AGRP)",
"Melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH",
"Melanin concentrating hormone (MCH)",
"Neuropeptide Y"
] | B | An orexigenic, or appetite stimulant, is a drug, hormone, or compound that increases appetite and may induce hyperphagia. This can be a naturally occurring neuropeptide hormone such as ghrelin, orexin or neuropeptide Y, or a medication which increases hunger and therefore enhances food consumption Ref: guyton and hall ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sporulation occurs in this phase of bacterial growth curve: | [
"Stationary phase",
"Lag phase",
"Log phase",
"Decline phase"
] | A | Ref: Microbiology by Ananthanarayan and Paniker, 8th ed. P 24PHASES OF BACTERIAL GROWTH CURVELAG PHASE* No appreciable increase in number but there is increase in size of the cells* Accumulation of enzymes and metabolic intermediates* Maximum cell size is obtained at the end of lag phaseLOG PHASE* Also called exponenti... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The following host response can be seen in acute infection,except | [
"Exudation",
"Vasodilation",
"Margination",
"Granuloma formation"
] | D | Ref Robbins 9/e p97 Granulomatous Inflammation Granulomatous inflammation is a distinctive pattern of chronic inflammation characterized by aggregates of acti- vated macrophages with scattered lymphocytes. Granulo- mas are characteristic of ceain specific pathologic states; consequently, recognition of the granulomatou... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following helps in determination of time since death, Except | [
"Rigor mois",
"Livor mois",
"Algor mois",
"Pugilistic attitude"
] | D | Pugilistic attitude: boxing, fencing or defence attitude: * this is due to heat coagulation of muscle protein * the lower limbs are flexed at the hips and knees, the upper limbs are abducted at the shoulders, flexed at the elbows and wrists, head is slightly extended and all fingers are hooked like claws. * stiffening ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
MRI magnetic field strength is measured in units of | [
"Tesla",
"Hounsfield",
"Rad",
"Megahertz"
] | A | (A) Tesla # tesla (symbol T) is the SI derived unit of magnetic field B (which is also known as "magnetic flux density"). One tesla is equal to one weber per square meter. This SI unit is named after Nikola Tesla. 1 tesla is equivalent to: 10,000 (or 104) G (gauss), used in the CGS system. Thus, 10 G = 1 mT (millitesla... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following statements about Botulism are true except - | [
"Botulism is caused by endotoxin",
"Honey ingestion causes infant botulism",
"Constipation is seen",
"Detection of antitoxin in the serum can aid in diagnosis"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Formation of primary ovary in female foetus takes place by | [
"6th week",
"8th week",
"10th week",
"12th week"
] | C | C i.e. 10 weeks | train | med_mcqa | null |
Distance of distant direct ophthalmoscopy is: March 2013 (a, b, c, d, g, h) | [
"22 cm",
"50 cm",
"75 cm",
"100 cm"
] | A | Ans. A i.e. 22 cm Distant direct ophthalmoscopy Used to get a preliminary idea about the status of the ocular media and fundu This should be done routinely before doing a direct ophthalmoscopy Equipment needed - self illuminated ophthalmoscope or plane mirror with a hole in centre Procedure Should be performed in a sem... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are side effects of Oral Contraceptive Pills except: September 2010 | [
"Thromboembolism",
"Liver disease",
"Ovarian tumor",
"Breast Carcinoma"
] | C | Ans. C: Ovarian tumor Combined oral contraceptives may influence coagulation, increasing the risk of DVT and pulmonary embolism, stroke and myocardial infarction. Combined oral contraceptives are generally accepted to be contraindicated in women with pre-existing cardiovascular disease, in women who have a familial ten... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Potts surgery: | [
"Left pulmonary artery and descending aorta",
"Left pulmonary artery and ascending aorta",
"Main pulmonary artery and aorta",
"Left pulmonary artery and subclavian artery"
] | A | Ans. A. Left pulmonary artery and descending aorta Ref: Park's Pediatric Cardiology for Practitioners 6th/ed pl29Explanation1. Classic Blalock-Taussig (BT) shunt, anastomosed between the subclavian artery and the ipsi- lateral PA, is usually performed for infants older than 3 months because the shunt is often thromboze... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Punctuated lesion and floating teeth are seen in | [
"Metastasis",
"Osteitis fibrosa",
"Histiocytosis",
"Asbestosis"
] | C | Skullsolitary or multiple punched-out lytic lesions without sclerotic rimdouble contour/beveled edge appearance /hole within a hole signbutton sequestrum representing residual bonegeographic skull/ raindrop skullMandibleirregular radiolucent areas involving superficial alveolar bonefloating tooth: loss of lamina duraSp... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve is shifted to left in | [
"Metabolic acidosis",
"Hypercapnia",
"Hypothermia",
"Increased 2-3 DPG levels"
] | C | When blood becomes slightly acidic wit PH decreasing from normal value of 7.4 to 7.2, the O2 - Hb curve shifts on an average about 15% to right. A shift in O2-Hb curve to right occurs in response to increased blood CO2 and hydrogen ions. Decreased blood temperature shifts the curve to left In normal BPG in blood shifts... | train | med_mcqa | null |
An ophthalmologist used a mydriatic for dilating the pupils to facilitate ophthalmoscopy. Which of the following is the shoest acting mydriatic? | [
"Tropicamide",
"Cyclopentolate",
"Homatropine",
"Atropine"
] | A | Tropicamide: The time required to reach the maximal cycloplegic effect is usually 20-25 minutes, and the duration of this effect is only 15-20 minutes. It is an effective mydriatic with weak cycloplegic action and is therefore most useful for ophthalmoscopy. Cyclopentolate Hydrochloride: The onset of dilatation and cyc... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are seen in a child with cerebral palsy except: | [
"Fluorosis",
"Increased caries",
"Increased salivation",
"Trauma"
] | A | Dental problems related to Cerebral Palsy
Dental Problems
Several conditions are more common in these children than in the normal population.
Dental Caries
Most children may have a higher caries rate than normal children. This may be due to their inability to maintain good oral hygiene, due to the parent's tendency to ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Choking is constricting device within the barrel at the muzzle end of - | [
"Revolver",
"303 rifle",
"Shot gun",
"Semiautomatic pistol"
] | C | Choking is done in shot gun at muzzle end to present dispersions of pellets. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most retentive post among the following: | [
"Smooth tapered",
"Serrated tapered",
"Smooth parallel",
"Serrated parallel"
] | D | Parallel-sided posts may distribute stress more evenly than tapered posts, which may have a wedging effect.
Serrated are more retentive than smoother surface. | train | med_mcqa | null |
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