question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
values | rationale stringlengths 0 22.5k ⌀ | split stringclasses 1
value | dataset stringclasses 6
values | subject stringclasses 1
value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The malignancy of most common occurance in children is which of the following? | [
"Leukemia",
"Lymphoma",
"Wilm's tumor",
"Neuroblastoma"
] | A | The most common tumors found in children are leukemias (30%) followed by brain tumors (22%), lymphomas (11%), neuroblastoma (8%), soft tissue sarcoma (7%), Wilm's tumor (6%), bone tumors (5%) and others (11%). Ref: Nelson 11th Edition, Page 1694: 17th Edition, Page 1694; Essentials of Pediatric Radiology: A Multimodali... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Enucleation of the eyeball is contraindicated in ? | [
"ndophthalmitis",
"Panophthalmitis",
"Intraocular tumours d",
"Painful blind eye"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Panophthalmitis Enucleation Enucleation is the removal of eyeball with a poion of optic nerve from the orbit while preserving all other orbital structures. Indications Absolute :- Retinoblastoma, malignant melanoma. Relative :- Painful blind eye, mutilating ocular injury, anterior staphyloma,phthisis ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Ketamine is preferred anaesthetic agent in the following cases except | [
"Cyanotic congenital heart disease",
"Hypertension",
"Shock",
"Asthmatic patients"
] | B | Since ketamine stimulates sympathetic nervous system, it causes hypertension and tachycardia. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Using a small fine probe single lactiferous duct is excised. What is the name of the procedure: | [
"Microdochectomy",
"Macrodochectomy",
"Hadfield operation",
"Webster operation"
] | A | Ref. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery. Pg. 837
Microdoectomy is the excision of single lactiferous duct
Hadfield operation is central duct excision which is surgical removal of all lactiferous ducts under the nipple
It is done in Mammary duct ectasia (periductal mastitis) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following organisms, when isolated in the blood, requires the synergistic activity of penicillin plus an aminoglycoside for appropriate therapy- | [
"Enterococcus faecalis",
"Staphylococcus aureus",
"Str. pneumoniae",
"Bacteroides fragilis"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Enterococcus faecalis "Unlike streptococci, enterococci are not reliably killed by penicillin or ampicillin alone. Because of synergistic action of Penicillin and aminoglycoside against enterococci combination therapy is recommended ". | train | med_mcqa | null |
Microglobulin β2 is seen in? | [
"Multiple myeloma",
"SLE",
"Immunocompromised patient",
"None of the above"
] | A | It is also important to quantitate serum β2-microglobulin. Serum β2-microglobulin is a protein of 11,000 mol. wt with homologies with the constant region of immunoglobulins that is the light chain of the class I major histocompatibility antigens (HLA-A, -B, -C) on the surface of every cell. Serum β2-microglobulin is th... | train | med_mcqa | null |
FIGO staging with cervical carcinoma involving parametrium - | [
"IIa",
"IIb",
"IIIa",
"IIIb"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., IIb TNM and F1GO Classifications for Cervical CancerPrimary tumor (T)TNMF1GOSurgical-Pathologic FindingsCategoriesStages TX Primary' tumor cannot be assessedT0 No evidence of primary tumorTis Carcinoma in situ (preinvasive carcinoma)T1ICervical carcinoma confined to the cervix (disregard extension to ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A Clinical sign of mania is? | [
"Neologism",
"Perservation",
"Echolalia",
"Flights of ideas"
] | D | Ans. D. Flights of ideas. (Ref: Kaplan & Sadock's Synopsis of Psychiatry, Xth/Ch.15.1, Page no, 535, Table 15.1-6)A Clinical sign of mania is Flights of ideas.Discussion:Cardinal features of Mania '.Mnemonic: DIG FAST# Distractibilty# Indiscretion (DSM-IV's excessive involvement in pleasurable activities)# Grandiosity#... | train | med_mcqa | null |
On electromyography, all of the following features suggest denervation, EXCEPT: | [
"Less inseional activity is observed in denervated muscles",
"Giant polyphasic potentials arise from motor units",
"Presence of positive sharp waves",
"Spontaneous firing of motor units"
] | A | Inseional activity refers to the burst of action potentials that is usually observed when the EMG needle is inseed into the muscle. Increased inseional activity is observed in denervated muscles. Relaxed muscle normally is electrically silent except in the end plate region, but abnormal spontaneous activity occurs in d... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Ligament of Cooper, used in the surgery for femoral hernia repair, is formed by which of the extentions of inguinal ligament? | [
"Lacunar ligament",
"Pectineal ligament",
"Ilioinguinal ligament",
"Reflected pa of inguinal ligament"
] | A | Answer-A. Lacunar ligamentIt is also called Gimbernat's ligament.From the medial end, deep fibres curve horizontally backward to the medial side of pectin pubis forming lacunar ligament.This ligament is trainagular in shape, with the apex attached to the pubic tubercle.Its sharp lateral edge forms the medial boundary o... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A person was presented with swelling of the salivary gland. Mild pain was felt by him.Investigation of choice. | [
"FNAC",
"Incisional biopsy",
"X ray",
"Excisional biopsy"
] | A | Here the most accurate answer is FNAC. The first investigation which is done is FNAC. It can be guided by ultrasound as it demonstrates if the lump is intrinsic to parotid or not. Open surgical biopsy is contraindicated unless evidence of gross malignancy is present. Reference : Bailey & love, 27th Edition, page no = 7... | train | med_mcqa | null |
What is seen in the X-ray of femur below | [
"Sunburst calcification",
"Onion peel effect",
"Codmann triangle",
"Bone marrow invasion"
] | C | . | train | med_mcqa | null |
After overnight fasting, levels of glucose transpoers reduced in | [
"Brain cells",
"RBCs",
"Adipocytes",
"Hepatocytes"
] | C | GluT4 is the major glucose transpoer in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue.GluT4 is under the control of insulin.In Type 2 diabetes mellitus, membrane GluT4 is reduced, leading to insulin resistance in muscles and fat cells.Ref: DM Vasudevan, 7th edition, page no: 107 | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 24-year-old woman presents 6 months after the delivery of her first child, a healthy girl, for evaluation of fatigue. She suspects that the fatigue is related to getting up at night to breastfeed her baby, but she has also noticed cold intolerance and mild constipation. She recalls having a tremor and mild palpitatio... | [
"Permanent hypothyroidism requiring lifelong replacement therapy",
"Eventual hyperthyroidism requiring methimazole therapy",
"Recovery with euthyroidism",
"Infertility"
] | C | This patient has postpartum thyroiditis, a condition that follows 5% to 8% of all pregnancies. Like other forms of destructive thyroiditis (including subacute or de Quervain thyroiditis), this illness is triphasic. Initially there is hyperthyroidism due to inflammation and release of preformed thyroid hormone from the ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are features of musculocutaneous nerve injury at axilla except: | [
"Loss of flexion of shoulder",
"Loss of flexion at elbow",
"Loss of supination of forearm",
"Loss of sensation on radial side of forearm"
] | A | MUSCULOCUTANEOUS NERVE INJURY Musculocutaneous nerve supplies coracobrachialis, the biceps brachii and the brachialis, Continued into the forearm as the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm. Injury-loss of flexion of elbow, supination of forearm sensory loss on lateral aspect of forearm. Damaged in shoulder dislocati... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are involved in fast axonal transpo, except | [
"Kinesin",
"Dynein",
"Lysosomes",
"Neurofilaments"
] | D | In axonal transpo, the protein kinesin, with a myosin-like ATPase activity, uses hydrolysis of ATP to move vesicles down the axon toward the positive end of the microtubular formation. Flow of materials in the opposite direction, toward the negative end, is powered by cytosolic dynein, another protein with ATPase activ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is used for wound infection grading system? | [
"ASA classification",
"Glassgow scale",
"Southampton grading",
"APGAR score"
] | C | Ans. (c) Southampton Grading(Ref: Bailey and Love 26th edition Page 54)* There are scoring systems for the severity of wound infection, which are particularly useful in surveillance and research.* Examples are the Southampton and ASEPSIS systems. | train | med_mcqa | null |
All the following are features of Anorexia Nervosa except : | [
"Predominantly seen in females",
"BMI index is higher than normal Population",
"Amenorrhea is rare",
"Malabsorption Syndrome is most common cause"
] | C | Ans.is C (Amenorrhea is rare):Anorexia nervosa often referred to simply as anorexia, is an eating disorder, characterized by low weight, food restriction, fear of gaining weight, and a strong desire to be thin.Complications may include osteoporosis, infeility, and hea damage, among others. Women will often stop having ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are true about lung contusion except | [
">25% involved requires intubation",
"Initial treatment is required to reduce pain to prevent hypoventilation",
"15-20% not seen in X-ray",
"CECT is needed for diagnosis"
] | A | Lung contusion Incidence - 25% to 35% Clinical presentation--hypoxemia, hypercarbia, laboured breathing, X-Ray chest is used most commonly but the initial images are not so sensitive and may take 48 hrs to get the real pictures of contusion. Pulmonary contusions that are identifies early on chest film are frequently se... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Bun-neck' is seen in severe .ses of whicli, of the following? | [
"Diphtheria",
"Tubercular lymphadenitis",
"Mumps",
"Goitre"
] | A | Ans. a. Diphtheria Respiratory Diphtheria Clinical Features: The clinical diagnosis of diphtheria is based on: Constellation of sore throatQ Adherent tonsillar, pharyngeal, or nasal pseudomembranous lesionsQ Low-grade feverQ Occasionally, weakness, dysphagia, headache, and voice change are the initial manifestationsQ N... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sterilization of fibre optic is done by? | [
"Glutaraldehyde",
"Chlorine",
"Autoclave",
"Phenol"
] | A | Ans. (a) GlutaraldehydeRef: Alcamo's Fundamentals of Microbiology: Body Systems by Jeffrey. C. Pommerville / 214 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Anaemia in human is caused by which worm: | [
"Round worm",
"Hook worm",
"Strongyloides",
"Tape worm"
] | B | Hook worm | train | med_mcqa | null |
24-12-6 rule is applied for | [
"Ptosis surgery",
"Pterygium surgery",
"Orbital surgery",
"Glaucoma surgery"
] | C | Safe surgical exploration distances during orbitotomy Safe distances for the periorbital dissection from the intact outside rim of the adult orbit to vital interior structures are specified in millimeters. Generally an exploration depth of 25 mm along the lateral and inferior walls is regarded as safe. A 30 mm distance... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A hemodynamically stable nulliparous patient with ectopic pregnancy has adnexal mass of 2.5 x 3 cms and Beta HCG titer of 1500 miu/ml. What modality of treatment is suitable for her: | [
"Conservative management",
"Medical management",
"Laparoscopic surgery",
"Laparotomy"
] | B | Management of Ectopic pregnancy: | train | med_mcqa | null |
Gutter fracture result from : | [
"Injury with a large round object",
"Bullet injuries",
"Automobile accident",
"Falling from a height"
] | B | B i.e. Bullet injury | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which is not true about dengue hemorrhagic fever | [
"Shock",
"Thrmbocytopenia",
"Hepatomegaly",
"Plasma leaking"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are true about treatment of migraine EXCEPT: | [
"Naratriptan acts longer than sumatryptan",
"Sumatryptan is used in acute attack of migraine",
"Sumatryptan acts on 5HT. B/D receptors in great vessels",
"Sumatryptan is used for chronic migraine"
] | D | ANSWER: (D) Sumatryptan is used for chronic migraineREF: Harrison's 17th ed chapter 15"By chronic migraine the examiner means to say prevention of migraine and sumatryptan is not used in prevention of migraine, but in acute attackNaratriptan, administered orally, reaches its peak plasma concentration in 2-3 hours and h... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The liver lesion pointed out with the arrow (CT - arterial and portal venous phase) is most likely to be? | [
"Hemangioma",
"Adenoma",
"Hepatocellular carcinoma",
"Focal nodular hyperplasia"
] | A | Ans. A. Hemangioma* (THE MOST COMMMON BENIGN TUMOR OF LIVER). Note the diagnostic peripheral nodular enhancement in venous phase seen in the left Image.* CT scanning with delayed contrast enhancement shows the characteristic appearance of peripheral nodular slow contrast enhancement due to small vessel uptake in the he... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Case series report is a type of - | [
"Analytic study",
"Experimental study",
"Observational study",
"Intervention study"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Observational study A) Observational studiesi) Descriptive studies : Case reports, case series.ii) Analytic studies: Case-control (case-reference), Cohort (follow-up), Ecological (correlational), Cross-sectional.B) Experimental/intervention studiesi) Randomized controlled trials/clinical trials. ii) F... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pa of brain most commonly involved in term neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy is? | [
"Periventricular area",
"Parasagittal area",
"Basal ganglia",
"Hippocampus"
] | B | Pa of brain most commonly involved in term neonates with HIE: Parasagittal area. In preterm neonates- Periventricular area. The most common cause of seizure in newborn is Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy Most common type of seizures: Subtle seizures | train | med_mcqa | null |
What is meant by Catchment area? | [
"The area draining into the reservoir",
"The area draining into rivers",
"The area draining into tanks",
"The area draining into sea water"
] | A | IMPOUNDING RESERVOIRS- These are aificial lakes constructed usually of eahwork or masonry in which large quantities of surface water is stored. Dams built across rivers and mountain streams also provide large reserves of surface water. The area draining into the reservoir is called "Catchment area". | train | med_mcqa | null |
If the head of the radius is removed, it will result in : | [
"Lengthening of limb",
"Valgus deformity",
"Varus deformity",
"No deformity"
] | B | Complications of radial head excision in children :
Proximal migration of radius with inferior radio - ulnar (distal radio - ulnar) joint instability.
Postero - lateral instability.
Cubitus valgus deformity. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Increased alkaline phosphatase is seen in ? | [
"Osteoporosis",
"Multiple myeloma",
"Paget's disease",
"Osteolytic metastasis"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Paget's disease Whenever the activity of osteoblasts increase, serum alkaline phosphatase is raised. Therefore, serum alkaline phosphatase acts as an index of osteoblastic activity. The conditions in which osteoblastic activity is increased and hence the alkaline phosphatase in increased are : - Ricke... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The main components in silicophosphate cement: | [
"Zinc phosphate and GIC",
"Silicate and GIC",
"ZOE and Silicate",
"Zinc phosphate and Silicate"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Daily depressed mood for minimum____ weeks is must to classify someone as suffering from major depression disease | [
"1",
"2",
"3",
"4"
] | B | Ans. b (2 weeks.) (Ref. Harrison's 17th/Table 386-9; Kaplan & Sadock's Synopsis Psychiatry, 10th/p. 534. Table 15.1-5)ConditionDuration for DiagnosisMania1 weekDepression2 weeksSchizophrenia6 monthsSchezophreniform disorder< 6 monthsRapid cyclers> 4 episodes per yearDysthmiaMinor depression > 2 yearsCyclothymiaManiac d... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common cause of SABE is: | [
"Staph",
"Streptococcus",
"E.coli",
"Haemophilus"
] | B | Streptococcus | train | med_mcqa | null |
Investigation of choice for interstitial disease is: | [
"Chest X-ray",
"HRCT",
"Gallium-67 DTPA scan",
"MRI"
] | B | Answer is B (NRCT): High Resolution CT (HRCT) is investigation of choice for interstitial lung disease and bronchiectasis as it can delineate the lung parenchyma upto the level of secondary pulmonary lobule. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Plastic wrapper of surgical syringe should be discarded in: | [
"Black bag",
"Yellow bag",
"Red bag",
"Blue"
] | A | Black bag A simplified color coding of Biomedical Waste Management, standard guidelines given by Ministry of Environment and Forest is as follows. Waste Plastic wrapper being a general waste is disposed in black Colour code of bag Waste disposed I) Black bag Noninfectious waste: - office papers, general waste, kitchen ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about Pralidoxime ? | [
"It acts by regenerating acetylcholinesterase enzyme",
"It can be used for all chlorinated compounds",
"It is not used for war gases",
"Plasma cholinesterase levels signifies better reflection of enzyme activity than RBC levels"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., It acts by regenerating acetylcholinesterase enzyme Pralidoxime (and other oximes) acts by reactivating cholinesterase enzyme. Oximes are used for poisoning with organophosphate insectide not for chlorinated insectisides (chlorinate hydrocarbons e.g. DDT, lindane, dieldrin). Some of the war gases are ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Side effect seen with cisplatin: | [
"Nausea/vomiting",
"Nephrotoxicity",
"Pulmonary toxicity",
"Bone marrow suppression"
] | A | Ans. A. Nausea/vomitingCisplatin is highly emetogenic drug. It directly stimulates the CTZ area. Treatment of choice for this toxicity is ondansetron. Methotrexate is highly nephrotoxic. Busulfan and bleomycin are known to cause pulmonary fibrosis. Bone marrow suppression is side effect which is commonly seen with all ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Multiple myleoma is characterized by all except | [
"Presence of light chains",
"Monoclonal gammopathy",
"Polyclonal gammopathy",
"Hypergammaglobulinemia"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Death caused by exclusion of air from the lungs by means other than compression at neck and drowning. | [
"Suffocation",
"Strangulation",
"Traumatic asphyxia",
"Sexual asphyxia"
] | A | Suffocation literally means to die as a result of not being able to breath or to have difficulty in breathing. Deprivation of oxygen can be by one of the following ways. By lack of oxygen in the atmosphere, so called environmental suffocation. From obstruction of air passages by means other than Compression of neck and... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Thrombin activity is inhibited by | [
"Chymotrypsin",
"Heparin",
"Alpha 2 antitrypsin",
"Alpha 2 macroglobulin"
] | B | Heparin is present in the luminal surface of vascular endothelium it acts as an anticoagulation by the following mechanism: Prevent conversion of prothrombin to thrombin Inhibit the action of thrombin Facilitate the action of antithrombin III Ref: Medical Physiology Indu Khurana 2015 edition, Page No:159 It is also use... | train | med_mcqa | null |
When the respiratory muscles are relaxed, the lungs are in which of the following state? | [
"Functional residual capacity (FRC)",
"Expiratory reserve volume (ERV)",
"Residual volume (RV)",
"Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)"
] | A | The functional residual capacity (FRC) occurs at the lung volume at which the outward recoil of the chest wall is equal to the inward recoil of the lungs, which occurs when no respiratory muscles are actively contracting, that is, at the end of a tidal expiration.The FRC is therefore also referred to as the resting exp... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In adult polycystic kidney, all are true except ? | [
"Hypeension is rare",
"Hematuria is a common symptom",
"Cysts are seen in liver spleen and pancreas",
"Autosomal dominant transmission is seen"
] | A | Ans is (a) hypeension is rare Hypeension is present in up to 75% of patients over the age of 20 years with polycystic disease. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Side effects of oxygen therapy are all except: | [
"Absorption atelactasis",
"Increased pulmonary compliance",
"Decreased vital capacity",
"Endothelial damage"
] | B | B i.e., Increased pulmonary compliance Hyperoxia (oxygen toxicity) may lead to hypoventilation, hypercapnia (but not necessarily hypoxia), absorption atelectasis, decreaed vital capacity, deterioration of pulmonary compliance & blood gasesQ, interstitial edema, pulmonary fibrosis, tonic clonic seizure & retinopathy of ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Mechanism of action of cholera toxin is | [
"Ganglioside",
"Adenyl cyclase",
"Both 1 and 2",
"Exotoxin"
] | C | CHOLERA ENTEROTOXIN Light (L) toxin : Binds with ganglioside in epithelial cell membrane Heavy(H) toxin : Activates Adenyl cyclase in Epithelial cell wall which increase camp, leading to outpouring of isotonic fluid in lumen of intestine Ref: Park 25th edition Pgno : 253 | train | med_mcqa | null |
In the extraoral technique for maxillary nerve block, the needle should be directed in which of the following direction to lateral pterygoid plate: | [
"Posterior direction.",
"Anterior direction.",
"Medial direction.",
"Forward direction."
] | B | The needle should be directed in the anterior direction to the lateral pterygoid plate. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Inactivation of coisol into coisone occurs mainly in which organ? | [
"Lungs",
"Liver",
"Adrenals",
"Kidney"
] | D | Coisol is inactivated to coisone by microsomal enzyme 11b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type II This enzyme is mainly in the kidney. Other organs involved in this activity are colon, salivary glands and other target tissues. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A prepared cavity is best protected from moisture by | [
"Cotton rolls",
"Saliva ejector",
"Rubber dam",
"Paper napkin"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Riboflavin deficiency is not associated with - | [
"Alcohol",
"PEM",
"Chronic vomiting",
"Fat malabsorption"
] | D | <p> Riboflavin Vitamin B2. Fundamental role in cellular oxidation. Antioxidant action. Cofactor in a number of enzymes involved in energy metabolism. Maintain the integrity of mucucutaneous structures. Rich sources: milk, egg, liver, kidney, green leafy vegetables. Germination increases riboflavin content of pulses. De... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are seen in chronic bronchitis except: | [
"Cough > 3 months",
"Bronchorrhea",
"Hoover sign",
"Clubbing"
] | D | The most common symptoms of COPD- cough, sputum production, and exeional dyspnea. Some patients with advanced disease have paradoxical inward movement of the rib cage with inspiration (Hoover's sign), the result of alteration of the vector of diaphragmatic contraction on the rib cage as a result of chronic hyperinflati... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient presents with abdominal distention, nausea, and vomiting, patient report a long history of intermittent obstructive symptoms and distention. On radiological examination this is the presentation of the patient, which of the following statement regarding his treatment would be false? | [
"Management is resuscitation followed by endoscopic detorsion.",
"Rigid proctoscope is a better tool when compared to flexible sigmoidoscope for this condition",
"Risk of re-occurrence is up to 40",
"Sigmoid colectomy should be performed after confirming diagnosis"
] | D | Ans. (d) Sigmoid colectomy should be performed after confirming diagnosis.Sigmoid volvulus is the diagnosis of the given figure, observe the characteristic bent inner tube or coffee bean appearance, with the convexity of the loop lying in the right upper quadrant (opposite to the site of obstruction). Unless there are ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Tonsillectomy is being done in the given patient. This position is: | [
"Rose's position",
"Trendelenburg position",
"Barking dog position",
"Boyce position"
] | A | (a) Rose's position(Ref. Stell & Maran 5th ed., 275)Trendelenburg position: Here the body is laid flat on the table with head lower the pevis. It is used for abdominal or gynaecological procedures.For direct laryngoscopy the patient is made to lie supine with flexion at his cervical spine and extension at atlanto-occip... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Leukocyte-adhesion deficiency 2 is due to the absence of __________. | [
"Selectin",
"LFA-1",
"MAC 1",
"Sialyl-Lewis X"
] | D | Leukocyte adhesion deficiencies (LADs) stem from inherited defects in adhesion molecules that impair leukocyte recruitment to sites of infection, resulting in recurrent bacterial infections.
LAD1 is caused by defects in the β 2 chain that is shared by the integrins LFA-1 and Mac-1.
LAD2 is caused by a defect i... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Boiled cabbage or rancid butter smelling urine is seen in | [
"Phenylketonuria",
"Tyrosinemia",
"Isovaleric Acidaemia",
"Multiple carboxylase deficiency"
] | B | Tyrosinemia REF: Sapira's a & science of bedside diagnosis - Page 138, Textbook of Pediatric Emergency Medicine by Gary R. Fleisher, Stephen Ludwig Page 1566 Tyrosinaemia is an error of metabolism, inherited, in which the body cannot effectively break down the amino acid tyrosine, found in most animal and plant protein... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The activation of muscarinic receptors in bronchiolar smooth muscle is associated with | [
"Increase in IP3 and DAG",
"Inhibition of protein kinase C",
"Activation of adenylyl cyclase",
"Opening of Na + /K +cation channels"
] | A | M3 receptors:- Visceral smooth muscle contraction and glandular secretions are elicited through M3 receptors, which also mediate vasodilatation through EDRF release. The muscarinic receptors are G-protein coupled receptors having the characteristic 7 membrane traversing amino acid sequences. The M1 and M3 (also M5) sub... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Jelly formed around the hea tube during early development, contributes to the formation of: | [
"Pericardium",
"Mesocardium",
"Myocardium",
"Endocardium"
] | C | C i.e. Myocardium Dorsal mesocardium forms transverse pericardial sinusQ; somatopleuric mesoderm forms parietal pericardiumQ; splanchnopluric mesoderm forms myocardium & conduction system of heas (i.e. Purkinje fibers) Q; neural creast cells form subpulmonary infundibulumQ.Cardiac jelly forms endocardial cushion and my... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Facial nerve supplies | [
"Risorius",
"Anterior belly of digastric",
"Lateral pterygoid",
"Zygomaticus"
] | A | Facial nerve is the motor nerve of the face. its five terminal branches, temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular and cervical emerge from the parotid gland and diverge to supply the various facial muscles as follows. Temporal - frontalis, auricular muscles,orbicularis oculi. Zygomatic- orbicularis oculi. Bucca... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is true regarding principle of MRCP? | [
"Use of IV Gadolinium contrast agent is used to enhance the biliary radicals and the pancreatic duct",
"Contrast agent is instilled percutaneously into the biliary radicals first and then MRI done",
"Intraluminal dye is used to create the three dimensional view of the biliary radicals and the pancreatic duct",
... | D | No contrast material is used in MRCP. It is performed with the use of heavily T2-weighted MR pulse sequences. On heavily weighted T2 sequences, stationary or slow-flowing fluid within the bile and pancreatic ducts appear very bright relative to the low signal intensity produced by adjacent solid tissues.
Magnetic reson... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Ostamann fat pad is related to | [
"Ear lobule",
"Buccal mucosa",
"Eustachian tube",
"Tip of nose"
] | C | It is related laterally to the membranous pa of the eustachian tube.It helps to keep the tube closed and thus protect it from the reflux of nasopharyngeal secretions. Veical section of Eustachian tube- Ref: Dhingra 6th edition pg. no - 57 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most efficient removal of hard tissue is done by | [
"Er laser",
"Argon visible laser",
"Nd:YAG",
"HO: YAG"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Any cuffed tube that is passed into trachea should reach: | [
"Above vocal cords.",
"Below vocal cords.",
"At the level of vocal cords.",
"Any of the above."
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which Immunoglobulin provides natural passive immunity through the placenta to a newborn? | [
"IgA",
"IgG",
"IgE",
"IgD"
] | B | IgG In humans, maternal antibodies (MatAb) are passed through the placenta to the fetus by the FcRn receptor on placental cells. This occurs predominately during the third trimester of pregnancy and thus is often reduced in babies born prematurely. Immunoglobulin (IgG) is the only antibody isotype that can pass through... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Function of lumbricals area) Flexion at MCP jointb) Extension at IP jointsc) Adduction of the fingersd) Abduction of the fingers | [
"ac",
"bc",
"bd",
"ab"
] | D | Lumbricals :
Flexion - Metacarpophalangeal joints.
Extension - Interphalangeal joints. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Chendler endex is an impoant tool in epidemiology. Which of the following is its least likely use? | [
"Determining case severity and prognosis",
"Impact of control programme",
"Endemicity",
"Load of infection in the community"
] | A | Ans. a. Determining case severity and prognosis 'Chandler's index is still used in epidemiological studies of hookworm disease. By this index, worm loads in different population groups can be compared, and also the degree of reduction of egg output after mass treatment. Endemic Index for Hookworm Morbidity and moality ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Defect in Snurps causes? | [
"Sickle cell anemia",
"Thalassemia",
"Marfan syndrome",
"EDS"
] | B | Defective splicing (defect in snurps) is the most common mutation causing thalassemia. Molecular defect in pathogensis of thalassemia:? A) b-Thalassemia Most common type of genetic abnormality in b-thalassemia is point mutation i.e., nonsense. Some may also occur due to deletion or inseion i.e., frame shift mutations. ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
According to Hoyme et al classification of hemihyperplasia, Hemifacial hyperplasia involves: | [
"Half the body",
"Single limb",
"One side of face",
"None"
] | C | Hoyme et al (1998) provided an anatomic classification of hemihyperplasia:
Complex hemihyperplasia is the involvement of half of the body (at least one arm and one leg); affected parts may be contralateral or ipsilateral.
Simple hemihyperplasia is the involvement of a single limb.
Hemifacial hyperplasia is the involv... | train | med_mcqa | null |
How long after completion of root of primary tooth ; root of primary tooth start to resorb | [
"1 year approx",
"2 year approx",
"3 year approx",
"4 year approx"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 70 Year old male complains of ulceration on Lower lip since 1 moth with Lymph node involvement. Patient has history of tobacco chewing since 30 years 6-7 times per day, patient also complains of loss of weight since 2 months and change in voice since one month
A reliable clinical condition to consider for the diagno... | [
"An ulcerative lesion",
"An ulcerative and painful lesion",
"Ulceration and fixation of the lymph node",
"Bilateral involvement of lymph node"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
In conns syndrome All the following are seen except | [
"Hypokaelemia",
"Hypernatremia",
"Hypeension",
"Edema"
] | B | Answer is b and d Refer Harrison 2950 Conns syndrome is where the adrenal glands make too much of alodosterone | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not a pathological finding seen in alzheimer's disease ? | [
"Coical atrophy",
"Neurofibrillary tangles",
"Neuritic plaques",
"Lewy body"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Lewy bodyImpoant pathological findings in Alzheimer's disease :?Coical atrophy with sidening of the cerebral sulciCompensatory ventricular enlargement Hydrocephalus exvacuo.Neuritic (senile) plaques --> Made up of A f390 & Al342.Diffuse plaques Contain Ab42.Neurofibrillary tangles --> Contain tau prot... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 10-year-old boy has complained for 1 month of intermittent epigastric pain that awakens him from sleep. He notes that eating food sometimes helps. He reports black stools during the prior week, and also admits that he has occasionally vomited frank blood. choose the best initial diagnostic step in the evaluation of t... | [
"Abdominal series",
"Fiberoptic endoscopy",
"Apt test",
"Routine stool culture"
] | B | PUD can result in hematemesis and melena, along with the typically epigastric abdominal pain. Children can have both chronic and acute blood loss associated with ulceration. Fiberoptic endoscopy is the diagnostic method of choice. An upper GI series can sometimes reveal an ulcer as well. While H pylori serum assays are... | train | med_mcqa | null |
'Reinforcement' is used in - | [
"Psychoanalysis",
"Hypnoanalysic",
"Abreaction",
"Conditioned learning"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Along with insulin which is produced from beta cells of the pancreas? (REPEAT) | [
"Amylin",
"C peptide",
"Both",
"None"
] | C | Amylin and c peptide are produced from beta cells of the pancreas in 1:1 ratio. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following vessel does not cross the midline of the body? | [
"Left gonadal vein",
"Left renal vein",
"Left brachiocephalic vein",
"Hemiazygous vein"
] | A | The left gonadal vein drains into the left renal vein which crosses the midline to join inferior vena cava. All the other options (Left renal vein, left brachiocephalic vein and hemiazygous vein) cross the midline. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Anticipation is seen in? | [
"Translocation",
"Chromosome breaking",
"Trinucleotide - repeat expansion",
"Mitochondrial mutation"
] | C | Ans- (c) Trinucleotide - repeat expansionRef: Robbin's pathology 9th ed. /168* Anticipation is a phenomenon where by the symptoms of a genetic disorder become apparent at an earlier age as it is passed to next generation. In most cases, an increased severity of symptoms is also noted.* In triplet nucleotide repeat muta... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 25 year old male presents with painless sudden loss of vision, ocular and systemic examination is not contributory. What is probable diagnosis – | [
"Retinal detachment",
"Eale's disease",
"Glaucoma",
"Cataract"
] | B | Both Eale's disease and Retinal detachment are causes of painless sudden loss of vision, however Eale's disease is a much more common cause than RD in a young male. Ocular and systemic examinations in both the conditions may be normal. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Marker for granulocytic Sarcoma- | [
"CD33",
"CD38",
"CD117",
"CD137"
] | C | Answer is option 3,CD117 kit, a proto-oncogene, encodes the transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor CD117 and is detected by flow cytometry in the majority of cases of acute myeloid leukemia. The prognostic significance of the presence of c-Kit in acute myeloid leukemia is debated. Granulocytic sarcoma is a primary or s... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All the following are true about Japanese Encephalitis except - | [
"Man to man transmission is not repoed",
"Culex mosquito is the vector",
"90%-100% moality rate",
"There is no rash or local lesion"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e. 90% - 100% moality rate o Case fatality rate of JE is 20-40% (not 90-100%). o Man is dead end host, there is no man to man transmission. o Culex mosquito is the vector. o There is no rash at the site of mosquito bite. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Best myocutaneous flap for breast reconstruction: | [
"Pectoralis minor",
"Pectoralis major",
"Latissimus dorsi",
"Transverse rectus abdominis"
] | D | Methods of breast reconstruction: Autogenous - tissues of the patient used to create a myocutaneous flap Eg: TRAM, LD Alloplastic - silicone implant Combined - uses TRAM + implant or LD + implant Most common method of breast reconstruction / augmentation worldwide: silicone implants. IOC for implant related complicatio... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Bronchodilator in COPD- | [
"Anticholinergics",
"Antiadrenergic",
"Cholinergic",
"Alfa agonists"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Anticholinergics Anticholinergic bronchodilatorso Ipratropium and tiotropium are anticholinergic bronchodilators.o These synthetic compounds are permanently charged molecules (ionized), unlike atropine - Not absorbed after inhalation and thus minimises antimuscarinic (anticholinergic) side effects,o T... | train | med_mcqa | null |
What is Acculturation - | [
"Uncultured",
"Culture contact",
"Change fro one culture to another",
"None"
] | B | Acculturation means culture contact when there is contact between two people with different types of culture, there is diffussion of culture both ways the ways by which culture contact takes place 1. trade and commerce 2. industrialization 3.conquest 4.education 5.propagation of religion ref ;(page no;672)23rd edition ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Conditions predisposing to leukemia include all except - | [
"Ionising radiation",
"Myelofibrosis",
"Infectious mononucleosis",
"Polycythemia vera"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
You are administering anesthesia in a location that does not have an oxygen supply line. The E-cylinder that you are using reads 500 psig. Your oxygen flows are 10 L/min. Approximately how long does it take for your E-cylinder to empty | [
"5 minutes",
"15 minutes",
"50 minutes",
"100 minutes"
] | B | A full E-cylinder of oxygen contains 600 L of gas at a pressure of 2000 psig. Using Boyle law (P1 V1 = P2 V2 ) the volume of the paially depleted cylinder can be calculated, V2 = (P1 V1 )/P2 or V2 = (P1 /P2 ) x V1 . There is a quaer tank left, and therefore a quaer of 600 L, or 150 L. At 10 L/min, this volume of gas wo... | train | med_mcqa | null |
During regulatory volume decrease, many cells will increase: | [
"Their volume",
"Influx of Na+",
"Efflux of K+",
"Synthesis of sorbitol"
] | C | Ans. C. Efflux of K+a. K+ is the major intracellular ion; efflux of K+ will produce an osmotic flow of water out of the cell.b. Water exit will lead to a decrease in cell volume.c. An influx of Na+ and synthesis of sorbitol do not occur during this process because both processes would increase intracellular osmolytes a... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about subarachnoid space | [
"Surround the conus",
"Outside subdural space",
"Between piamater and brain",
"Between dura and subarachnoid"
] | A | Subarachnoid space ends at S2 level while spinal cord ends at L1. Thus it surrounds the conus completely | train | med_mcqa | null |
Frie's test is useful for diagnosis of ? | [
"Mycoplasma",
"Rickettsia",
"Sarcoidosis",
"Chlamydia"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Chlamydia Fries test (skin hypersensitivity test) was used for LGV (caused by chlamydia trachomatis). But it is not used now because of high false positive results. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 50-year old male has had precardial pain for four hours. On examination, his BP is 110/80 mm g. pulse is 120 beats /min. and respiratory rate is 26/min. His ECG shows marked S-T segment elevation in leads V3-V6 and left ventricualr ectopics. The initial therapuetic modalities in this case would include - | [
"Lignocaine and streptokinase",
"Streptokinase and morphine",
"Morphine and doubtamine",
"Lignocaine, streptokinase and morphine"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
SSRI is first line treatment for : | [
"OCD",
"Panic disorder",
"Social phobia",
"All"
] | D | Ans:D.)All Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are US-FDA approved drugs of first choice (line) for major Depression, Obscessive - compulsive disorder (OCD), Premenstrual dysphoric disorder, Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), Panic disorder, Eating disorder (bulimia nervosa), and Social phobia (social a... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Percentage of endothelial cell loss during Descent's membrane stripping in automated penetrating keratoplasty | [
"0-5%",
"10-15%",
"30-40%",
"50-60%"
] | C | C i.e. 30-40% The incidence of endothelial cell loss in donor tissue of Descemet stripping endothelial keratolplasty is nearly 36%, mainly in the central area of graft. Compared with penetrating keratoplasty, EK involves more donor-tissue manipulation including lamellar dissection and folding, which could potentially d... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following drug can be used for prophylaxis as well as for the treatment of angina? | [
"Isosorbide mononitrate",
"Isosorbide dinitrate",
"Thyroxine",
"Sumatriptan"
] | B | Isosorbide dinitrate can be used for prophylaxis as well as for the treatment of angina pectoris.
Isosorbide dinitrate: It is a solid but similar in properties to GTN; can be used sublingually at the time of attack (slightly slower in action than GTN, peak in 5-8 min) as well as orally for chronic prophylaxis. Presyste... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 78-year-old woman has an acute anterior wall MI with hypotension and pulmonary congestion. Her blood pressure is 90/70 mm Hg, pulse 110/min, JVP at 8 cm, and the heart sounds are normal. The lungs have bibasilar crackles, and her extremities are cool and diaphoretic. What would central hemodynamic monitoring reveal?F... | [
"decreased right atrial pressure (RAP), low cardiac output (CO), and increased systemic vascular resistance (SVR)",
"increased RAP, decreased CO, increased SVR",
"increased RAP, decreased CO, decreased SVR",
"decreased RAP, increased CO, decreased SVR"
] | B | Cardiogenic shock is characterized by high right atrial pressure (although it can be normal at times), high PA wedge pressure, high systemic vascular resistance, and low cardiac output. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Purkinje cells from the cerebellum end in - | [
"Extrapyramidal system",
"Cranial nerve nuclei",
"Cerebellar nuclei",
"Cerebral cortex"
] | C | The output of the Purkinje cells is inhibitory to the deep cerebellar nuclei. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Adenovirus causes all except: | [
"Hemorrhagic cystitis",
"Diarrhea",
"Respiratory tract infection",
"IMN"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., IMN(Ref: Harrison, 18th/e, p. 1491; Ananthanarayan, 9th/e, p. 482 and 8th/e, p. 480 - 481)* Hemorrhagic cystitis - Adenovirus serotype 11, 22.* Diarrhea and vomiting - Adenovirus serotype 40, 41.* Respiratory tract infection - Adenovirus serotype 1 to 7, 14, 14a, 21. | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are true about Modern Xray tube except? | [
"It has a rotatory Cathode.",
"Heat loss is mainly By Radiation.",
"Rhenium is added to tungsten target at Anode.",
"Chief source of Xray generation is by Bremstrahlung effect."
] | A | - Modern X ray tube has a rotatory anode. - Motor is attached to the Anode to make it rotatory. - The Cathode is made of Tungsten alloyed with Thorium. - The Target of Anode is made of Tungsten Alloyed with Rhenium. - The major source of X RAY Generation in Modern X ray tube is Bremstrahlung Radiation/Braking Radiation... | train | med_mcqa | null |
After repeated infections manifested by cough, fever, and consolidation in lungs, the diagnosis of intralobar sequestration was established for a child. Sequestration of lung is seen MOST commonly in: | [
"Right upper lobe",
"Right lower lobe",
"Lateral basal segment",
"Posterior basal segment of left lung"
] | D | Pulmonary sequestration is nonfunctional pulmonary tissue that does not communicate with the tracheobronchial tree and receives its blood supply from one or more anomalous systemic aeries. This abnormality originates during the embryonic period of lung development. It is classified as either extralobar or intralobar. E... | train | med_mcqa | null |
"Pauci immune" glomerulonephritis is seen in: | [
"After transplant in Alpos",
"Microscopic polyangitis",
"Henoch-Schonlein nephritis",
"Lupus"
] | B | Microscopic polyangitis | train | med_mcqa | null |
CNS - phegocytic action with | [
"Microglia",
"Oligodendrocytes",
"Astrocytes",
"Schwann cells"
] | A | A. i.e. (Microglia) (63 - Ganong 22nd) (700-K-Sembolingum 4th) (80- Ganong 23rd)Central Neuroglial cellsFunctionsASTROCYTESi. Twist around the nerve cells and form the supporting network in brain and spinal cordii. **Form the BBB and thereby regulate the entry of substances from blood in to brain tissueiii. Provide Ca+... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not a feature of normal pressure hydrocephalus: September 2011 | [
"Affects elderly usually",
"Ventriculomegaly on imaging studies",
"Measurement of CSF pressure may be normal",
"Lesion is blockage of CSF pathways from the lateral to fouh ventricle"
] | D | Ans. D: Lesion is blockage of CSF pathways from the lateral to fouh ventricle Although one-off measurement of CSF pressure may be normal the syndrome is thought to arise from impaired CSF absorption | train | med_mcqa | null |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.