question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Extrinsic membranes of larynx are all except | [
"Cricothyroid",
"Thyrohyoid",
"Hyoepiglottic",
"Cricotracheal"
] | A | Ans:A.)CricothyroidMembranes of the Larynx:Extrinsic membranes connect the laryngeal apparatus with adjacent structures for suppo.The thyrohyoid membrane is an unpaired fibro-elastic sheet which connects the inferior surface of the hyoid bone with the superior border of the thyroid cailage.Cricotracheal membrane connec... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Patient come with a midline swelling in the neck measuring 2cms in size On H P E it shows orphan annie eye nuclei Most likely diagnosis | [
"Papillary thyroid ca",
"medullary thyroid ca",
"Toxic nodular goitre",
"Follicular thyroid Ca"
] | A | Orphan Annie eyed nuclei are characteristic histopathological feature of PTC ref : bailey and love 27th ed | train | med_mcqa | null |
A specific diagnostic criteria for Budd Chiari syndrome among the following is: | [
"Intrahepatic collaterals",
"Dilated paraumbilical vein",
"Post acoustic shadowing",
"None of the above"
] | A | Intrahepatic collaterals are a specific diagnostic criterion for BCS. Paraumbilical vein is an exception, which is also seen in poal hypeension. Collaterals are either intrahepatic, which communicate with systemic vessels subcapsular collaterals or from an occluded hepatic vein to a non occluded hepatic vein or to the ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
ACTH reserve is best assessed by which test | [
"CRH test",
"Glucocorticoids levels",
"Insulin-induced hypoglycemia",
"ACTH stimulation test"
] | C | ACTH reserve is most reliably assessed during insulin-induced hypoglycemia. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Topographical theory of mind was given by | [
"Adler",
"Carl Jung",
"Sigmund freud",
"Emil kraepin"
] | C | Sigmund freud gave both structural & topographical theories of mind. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which one of the following clinical signs is not seen in ophthalmic Grave's disease? | [
"Lid retraction",
"Frequent blinking",
"Poor convergence",
"Upper lid \"lad\" on down gaze"
] | B | In thyrotoxicosis the increase in sympathetic activity due to increased T3 and T4 leads to contraction of Muller's muscle. Hence these patients would have infrequent blinking and infact some of them might sleep with their eyes open leading to corneal erosions. Lid retraction, causing a staring appearance, can occur in ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Phenylbutyrate is used in urea cycle disorders because it | [
"Scavenges nitrogen",
"Activates enzymes",
"Maintains renal output",
"Maintains energy production"
] | A | In all urea cycle disorders there is accumulation of NH3 (hyperammonemia) which is very toxic and has to be removed Using scavenging agents:- One of the treatment of urea cycle disorder is the use of NH3 scavenging agents These are Phenylbutyrate and Sodium benzoate Phenyl butyrate reacts with glutamine to get conveed ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which is not seen in retinitis pigmentosa: | [
"Pale waxy optic disc",
"Attenuated vessels",
"Retinal haemorrhages",
"Bone corpuscles"
] | C | Ans. Retinal haemorrhages | train | med_mcqa | null |
A bacterium can divide every 20 minutes. Beginning with a single individual, how many bacteria will be there in the population if there is exponential growth for 3 hours? | [
"512",
"440",
"18",
"1024"
] | A | A bacterium can divide every 20 minutes and exponential growth is for 3 hours,
Thus, C = 1,
And r = 1 (it doubles every time)
n = 3 hours/20 minutes = 9 times
Thus P = C (1 + r)n = 1 (1 + 1)9 = 29 = 512 | train | med_mcqa | null |
National Rural Health Mission was launched in the year | [
"2005",
"2003",
"2007",
"2010"
] | A | The government of India launched National Rural Health Mission in 2005,5th April for a period of 7 years later extended upto 2017. Mission seeks to improve rural health care delivery system. Ref: Park&;s textbook of preventive and social medicine.K Park. Edition 23.Pg no: 448 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Ram Devi presented with generalized edema sweating and flushing tachycardia and fever after bee sting. This is : | [
"T cell mediated cytotoxicity",
"IgE mediated reaction",
"IgG mediated reaction",
"IgA mediated hypersensitivity reaction"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e. IgE mediated reaction The symptoms of the patient are d/t hypersensitivity type I reaction Type I is mediated by IgE and it flairs up within minutes.The symptoms range from rashes to anaphylactic shock with vasodilatory hypotension and bronchiolar spasm.Examples of type IEczema*Hay fever*Asthma*Anaphyl... | train | med_mcqa | null |
An infant has hepatosplenomegaly, hypoglycemia, hyperlipidemia, acidosis and normally structured glycogen deposition in the liver. What is the diagnosis – | [
"Her's disease",
"Von Gierke's disease",
"Cor's disease",
"Anderson's disease"
] | B | Von-Gierke disease (Type I glycogenosis)
It is an autosomal recessive disorder.
It is due to absent or deficient activity of glucose-6-phosphatase in Liver, Kidney, Intestinal mucosa
It can be divided into two subtypes -
Type la → glucose - 6 - phosphatase is defective
Type lb → Translocase is defective (translocase ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not a component of mackler's triad for esophageal perforation | [
"Chest pain",
"Vomiting",
"Subcutaneous emphysema",
"Aspirational pneumonitis"
] | D | Mackler’s triad consists of chest pain, vomiting and subcutaneous emphysema. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which among the following controls is an allosteric inhibitor of TCA cyclea) Pyruvate dehydrogenaseb) Ketoglutarate dehydrogenasec) Isocitrate dehydrogenased) Malate dehydrogenase | [
"a",
"b",
"bcd",
"abc"
] | D | Pyruvate dehydrogenase; 'h' i.e., Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase & 'c' i.e., Isocitrate dehydrogenase
Allosteric modulation in TCA cycle :- Citrate synthase, a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, Isocitrate dehydrogenase.
Both allosteric and covalent modulation:- PDH complex.
"Citrate synthase, isocitrate dehydrogenase and a-k... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Angiodysplasia is seen in: | [
"Stomach of adult",
"Jejunum of a child",
"Left side of the colon",
"Right side of the colon"
] | D | Ans. (d) Right side of the colon in adultsRef: Bailey & Love 26th ed. Ch 69/1171* Angiodysplasia is a degenerative lesion of previously healthy blood vessels found most commonly in the cecum and proximal ascending colon.* 77% of angiodysplasias are located in the cecum and ascending colon, 15% are located in the jejunu... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Septic arthritis in a 2 year old child is often caused by- | [
"Hemophilous influenzae",
"Staphylococcus aureus",
"Gonococci",
"Pneumococci"
] | B | Staphylococcus aureus is the most common cause of septic arthritis in all ages. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Trifoliate appearance is seen in | [
"CHPS",
"Achalasia",
"Peptic ulcer",
"Pneumoperitoneum"
] | C | Trifoliate appearance is due to secondary duodenal diverticula which occurs as a result of scarring of peptic ulcer. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 29-year-old man has developed marked joint pain beginning 12 days after receiving snake antivenom injection. On physical examination, there is diffuse joint pain with movement. The stool is negative for occult blood. Laboratory studies show a serum creatinine level of 4.4 mg/dL and urea nitrogen level of 42 mg/dL. Mi... | [
"CD4+ lymphocytosis",
"Hypocomplementemia",
"Increased IgE",
"Neutropenia"
] | B | In the localized immune complex reaction (Arthus reaction) at the site of injection, there can be activation and depletion of complement C3. The reaction described here is serum sickness in response to the injected foreign protein, and produced more widespread antigen-antibody complex deposition, particularly in the ki... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common unfavourable sequelae of serial extraction: | [
"Disto-axial inclination of canine",
"Residual space at the extraction site",
"Mesio-axial inclination of second premolar",
"Increase in overbite"
] | D | Early extraction of the buccal teeth and uprighting of incisors can result in deepening of the bite. This can be corrected with bite plane.
Ref: textbook of orthodontics gowrishankar 2nd edition page 533 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Harvard criteria are for - | [
"Brain death",
"Brain stem death",
"Small obturator foramen",
"None of the above"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e. Brain death Harvard criteria Brain of deathIt is a set of 4 conditions as set by the Harvard School of Medicine for diagnosis of irreversible coma or brain death. They are:Unreceptivity and unresponsivenessLack of movements or breathingAbsent reflexesFlat electroencephalogram (confirmatory)These condit... | train | med_mcqa | null |
LARC (Long acting reversible contraceptives) include? | [
"Implants",
"Injections",
"IUCD",
"All of the above"
] | D | Ans. D. All of the aboveLong-acting reversible contraception (LARC) are methods of birth control that provide effective contraception for an extended period of time without requiring user action. They include injections, intrauterine devices (lUDs) and subdermal implants. They are the most effective reversible methods ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Acetic acid staining of cervix shows the following EXCEPT: | [
"Squamous metaplasia",
"Cervical carcinoma in situ",
"Cervical polyp",
"Cervical dysplasia"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' ie Cervical polyp While performing a colposcopy, after visualization with naked eyes, acetic acid is applied for better visualization.The application of acetic acid coagulates the proteins of the nucleus and cytoplasm and makes the protein opaque and white.The acetic acid does not affect mature, glycogen pr... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are acyanotic congenital hea diseases except _________ | [
"VSD",
"PDA",
"ASD",
"Tetralogy of fallot"
] | D | TOF is a cyanotic disease. Ref : Ghai essential of pediatrics, eighth edition, p.no: 420 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not a branch of cavernous pa of internal carotid aery? | [
"Inferior hypophyseal branch",
"Meningeal branch",
"Cavernous branch",
"Pterygoid branch"
] | D | The pterygoid branch is not a branch of the cavernous pa of the internal carotid aery. It is a branch of the petrous pa. Internal Carotid aery branches Pa Course Branches Cervical pa Originates from thr bifurcation of the common carotid aery. It has a dilatation at the lower end which is known as carotid sinus. It asce... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following statements about iron deficiency anemia are true except? | [
"Latent iron deficiency is most common presentation in India",
"Transferrin saturation is less than 16%",
"Serum ferritin is the earliest marker",
"It can present without detectable abnormalities"
] | A | Ans. (a) Latent iron deficiency is most common presentation in India(Ref: Robbins 9th/pg 649-652; 8th/pg 659-662)a. False- Manifest (Anemia), not Latent (pre-anemia) iron deficiency is most common presentation in Indiab. True- Saturation of transferrin is always reduced to <16%. At this level of saturation, iron delive... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In which of the following, retina is not affected? | [
"Retinal detachment",
"Coat's Disease",
"Primary optic-atrophy",
"Consecutive optic atrophy"
] | C | Retina is not involved in primary optic atrophy. Optic atrophy is the condition of disc when the optic nerve is degenerated. Optic atrophy is of two types: Primary atrophy and secondary atrophy. Primary optic atrophy: It is due to disease or poisoning of second visual neurons proximal to the disc evidence of local infl... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A female is in 3rd trimester of pregnancy came to OPD with the following skin lesions. Diagnosis is? | [
"Melasma",
"Urticaria",
"Nevus of ITO",
"Chloasma"
] | D | Hyperpigmented brown patches over malar prominences, bridge of nose suggests of Melasma.
Melasma in pregnancy is called as "chloasma" which self resolves after pregnancy | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following Is suggestive of ectopic pregnancy in a young woman with acute abdomen ? | [
"Tender cervix",
"Amenorrhea",
"Positive urinary HCG",
"All of the above"
] | D | All of the above | train | med_mcqa | null |
Intraocular lens has advantage over glasses in | [
"Better field of vision",
"Better accommodation",
"Better under water vision for swimmer",
"All of the above"
] | D | D i.e. All of the above Treatment Aphakia Spectacles Contact Lenses Intraocular lens * Advantages * Advantages * PC-IOL is the treatment of - Cheap, easy & safe method - Less magnification so better choice in aphakia Q * Disadvantages suited for uniocular aphakia because of following - Image is magnified by 30% so not ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Serum ACE levels are reduced in | [
"Sarcoidosis",
"COPD",
"DM",
"Hisoplasmosis"
] | B | (B) COPD# Elevated levels of ACE are found in sarcoidosis, and are used in diagnosing and monitoring this disease.> Elevated levels of ACE are also found in leprosy, hyperthyroidism, acute hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, diabetes mellitus, multiple myeloma, osteoarthritis, amyloidosis, Gaucher disease, pneumoconi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following tissue deposits is called chalcosis? | [
"Copper",
"Cadmium",
"Chromium",
"Aluminum"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Coppero Chalcosis refers to the deposition of copper in the tissues.o Chalcosis is a term used to describe the deposition of the copper (Cu) in the tissues especially tissues of the eyes.o Chalocosis in occular tissues generally occurs from the presence of a copper foreign body within the eye. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Rosette-shaped cataract most commonly involves: | [
"Anterior coex",
"Posterior coex",
"Both of the above",
"None of the above"
] | B | Ans. Posterior coex | train | med_mcqa | null |
The reversal of neutromuscular blockade with d–T–C is done with – | [
"Scoline",
"Neostimine",
"Atropine",
"Dantrolene"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
What is the earliest sign of volume overload immediate after an operative procedure? | [
"Weight gain",
"Increased Blood Pressure",
"Peripheral oedema",
"Distended neck veins"
] | A | Weight gain is the earliest sign of volume overload immediately after an operative procedure. It occurs most commonly due to excess of isotonic fluids because of overestimation of third-space losses or to ongoing GI losses which cannot be measured precisely. Volume overload can also present as: Increased cardiac output... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Sho saphenous vein is a tributary of | [
"Lateral marginal vein",
"Posterior tibial vein",
"Medial marginal vein",
"Dorsal venous arch"
] | B | B. i.e. Posterior tibial vein | train | med_mcqa | null |
The presence of the Philadelphia chromosome is associated worse with a prognosis in patients with which of the following diseases? | [
"Acute lymphoblastic leukemia",
"Acute myelogenous leukemia",
"Chronic lymphocytic leukemia",
"Chronic myelogenous leukemia"
] | A | The presence of the Philadelphia chromosome is associated worse with a prognosis in patients with Acute lymphoblastic leukemia | train | med_mcqa | null |
Nerve entering the inguinal canal through deep inguinal ring ? | [
"Ilioinguinal nerve",
"Pudendal nerve",
"Genital branch of genitofemoral",
"Superior rectal nerve"
] | C | The spermatic cord in males and round ligament of uterus in females, enter the inguinal canal through the deep inguinal ring and pass out through superficial inguinal ring. Thus consituents of spermatic cord are also components of inguinal canal; these are ductus deferens (vas deferens), testicular aery, cremestric aer... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Alexithymia is : | [
"A feeling of intense rapture",
"Pathological sadness",
"Affective flattening",
"Inability to recognise and describe feelings"
] | D | D. i.e. Inability to recognize & describe feelings Alexithymia is inability or disability in describing or being aware of one's emotions or moodQ. It is seen in elaboration of fantasies associated with depression, substance abuse, and post traumatic stress disorder. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Postmoem lividity is unlikely to develop in a case of | [
"Drowning in well",
"Drowning in a fast flowing river",
"Postmoem submersion",
"Drowning in chlorinated swimming pool."
] | B | B i.e. Drowning in fast flowing water (river) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Dysmorphic RBCs are seen in which of the following conditions? | [
"IgA glomerulopathy",
"Membranous glomerulopathy",
"Nil lesion glomerulopathy",
"None of the above"
] | A | . | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following names are associated with tests/operations around the hip joint except | [
"Bryant",
"Shenton",
"Mc Murray",
"Salter"
] | D | D i.e. Salter Shenton's line is an imeginary semicircular line joining the medial coex of femoral neck to the lower border of superior pubic ramus. It is breeched in fracture neck femur, head femur, superior pubic ranii and dislocation of hip. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Thumb sucking is normal upto: | [
"upto 1½ years",
"3½ - 4 years",
"6 - 8 years",
"4 - 6 years"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pseudopapillitis is seen in | [
"Myopia",
"Hypermteropia",
"Presbyopia",
"Pathological myopia"
] | B | Pseudopapillitis = small optic disc with ill defined margins. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Other than pemphigus, Nikolsky's sign is positive in: | [
"Familial benign chronic pemphigus",
"Hailey- Hailey disease",
"Epidermolysis bullosa",
"All of the above"
] | D | “Nikolsky's sign” is positive in:
Pemphigus.
Familial benign chronic pemphigus (hailey-hailey disease).
Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa . | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are true of achalasia cardia, except: | [
"Dysphagia",
"Aspiration pneumonitis",
"Mecholyl test is hyposensitive",
"X-ray finding of dilated esophagus with a narrow end"
] | C | Ans. (c) Mecholyl test is hyposensitiveRef OESO/2011Internet* Mecholyl test - has been used to demonstrate hypersensitivity in LES for years and to differentiate the Achalasia from carcinoma.* It is not used nowadays. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following method is used to dispose off the human anatomical waste? | [
"Autoclaving",
"Incineration",
"Chemically",
"None"
] | B | Human anatomic waste such as human tissues, limbs and placenta are disposed by incineration or according to the local legislative requirements. Household waste is disposed of by landfill or other locally acceptable means and may be compacted. Infectious or other hazardous health care waste must not be compacted prior t... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Absolute lymphocytosis is seen in | [
"SLE",
"TB",
"CLL",
"Brucellosis"
] | B | ref to P.JMehta 14/e p374 CLL and brucellosis is also the answer Leukocytosis is white cells (the leukocyte count) above the normal range in the blood. It is frequently a sign of an inflammatory response, most commonly the result of infection, but may also occur following ceain parasitic infections or bone tumors as we... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Dorello's canal transmits in tip of temporal bone- | [
"Middle meningeal artery",
"Mandibular nerve",
"Superior alveolar branch of maxillary",
"Abducent nerve"
] | D | Dorello canal is an opening to cavernous sinus that transmit aducent nerve underneath the superior petrosal sinus. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Neurofibromatosis I is most commonly associated with - | [
"Brain stem gliomas",
"Optic pathway glioma",
"Sub ependymal pilocytic astrocytoma",
"Glioblastoma multiforme"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Net secretion of K+ occurs in the:- | [
"Duodenum",
"Jejunum",
"Ileum",
"Colon"
] | D | Small intestine Colon Reabsorption of Na+, Cl-, K+, watersecretion of HCO-3 Reabsorption of Na+, Cl-, water secretion of K+, HCO-3 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Doppler effect results from change in - | [
"Amplitude of sound",
"Frequency of sound",
"Direction of sound",
"None of the above"
] | B | Doppler effect is due to shift in sound frequency as the sound as reflected from the moving Red blood cells. If the motion of RBC is towards the transducer, the returning sound wave has higher frequency than transmitted wave. If the motion of RBC is away the transducer, the returning sound wave has lower frequency than... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 9 month old infant presents with a 2–day history of fever, cough and breathlessness following an upper respiratory infection. She is febrile and has a respiratory rate of 80/min. Intercostal and subcostal retractions and extensive rhonchi on auscultation. A chest X–ray reveals a hyperinflated chest – | [
"Bronchial asthma",
"Foreign body aspiration",
"Bacterial pneumonia",
"Bronchiolitis"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hereditary nephritis is seen in - | [
"Analgesic nephropathy",
"Balkan nephropathy",
"Alport syndrome",
"Eosinophilic nephritis"
] | C | Hereditary Nephritis refers to a group of heterogenous hereditary familial diseases associated primarily with glomerular injury. These are: Alport’s syndrome and Thin membrane disease. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Meralgia paresthetica is due to entrapment of which nerve | [
"Medial cutaneous nerve of arm",
"Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh",
"Ilioinguinal nerve",
"Tibial nerve"
] | B | Meralgia paresthetica: is numbness or pain in the outer thigh The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve most often becomes injured by entrapment or compression where it passes between the ilium and the inguinal ligament near the attachment at the anterior superior iliac spine <img src=" /> {Reference: BDC 6E pg no. 177} | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hypoglossal nerve is | [
"Purely sensory",
"Purely motor",
"Mixed",
"Spinal nerve"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
1st evidence of calcification of Primary mandibular central incisor is seen in | [
"14 wk IU",
"16 wk IU",
"17 wk IU",
"15 wk IU"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Following a boating injury in an industrial-use river, a patient begins to display fever, tachycardia, and a rapidly expanding area of erythema, blistering, and drainage from a flank wound. An x-ray shows gas in the soft tissues. Which of the following measures is most appropriate? | [
"Administration of an antifungal agent",
"Administration of antitoxin",
"Wide debridement",
"Administration of hyperbaric O2"
] | C | Necrotizing skin and soft tissue infections may produce insoluble gases (hydrogen, nitrogen, methane) through anaerobic bacterial metabolism. While the term "gas gangrene" has come to imply clostridial infection, gas in tissues is more likely not to be caused by Clostridium species but rather to other facultative and o... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Max. Hepatitis C virus transmission to foetus in pregnancy depends on - | [
"Duration of illness",
"Time of infection",
"Route of delivery",
"High level of HCV RNA"
] | D | High levels of hepatitis C virus RNA indicates a higher chance of transmission to the fetus. REF:Textbook of microbiology, Ananthanarayan, and Paniker. Page no.:549 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Niacin is synthesized from- | [
"Arginine",
"Histidine",
"Tryptophan",
"Tyrosine"
] | C | Ans, is 'c' i.e., Tryptophan Niacin (vitamin B3)o Niacin is a general name for the nicotinic acid and nicotinamide, either of which may act as a source of vitamin in the diet. Nicotinic acid can be formed in the body from tryptophan (1 mg of the vitamin is formed from 60 mg of tryptophan). Therefore, deficiency of tryp... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Monetary benefit is measured in | [
"Program budgeting system",
"Network analysis",
"Cost effective analysis",
"cost benefit analysis"
] | D | ref : park 21st ed | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following has serous secretion? | [
"Pancreas",
"Parotid gland",
"Sub mandibular salivary gland",
"Minor salivary gland"
] | B | Most animals have three major pairs of salivary glands that differ in the type of secretion they produce: parotid glands produce a serious, watery secretion. submaxillary (mandibular) glands produce a mixed serous and mucous secretion. sublingual glands secrete a saliva that is predominantly mucous in character. (Ref: ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following methods is adopted for
screening HIV infection? | [
"Virus isolation",
"Western blot followed by ELISA",
"ELISA followed by western blot technique",
"Polymers chain reaction"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
False statement about colloids is: | [
"Expands plasma for 2-4 hours",
"Isotonic solutions",
"Replaced in 1:1 ratio for blood loss",
"None of the above"
] | D | Type of fluid In 1861, Thomas Grahm's investigations on diffusion led him to classify substances as crystalloid or colloids. Intravenous fluids are similarly classified based on their ability to pass through capillary walls that separates the intravascular and intestinal fluid compament. Crystalloid fluids Crystalloid ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Industrial worker with blue lines on gums. Most probably due to: JIPMER 13 | [
"Arsenic poisoning",
"Lead poisoning",
"Mercury poisoning",
"Copper poisoning"
] | B | Ans. Lead poisoning | train | med_mcqa | null |
Animal reservoir is seen in all except- | [
"Rabies",
"Yellow fever",
"Influenza",
"Measles"
] | D | The only source of measles infection is a case of measles. Carriers are known to occur. Ref: 25th edition, Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, Page no. 160 | train | med_mcqa | null |
HLA typing is useful in: September 2004 | [
"Blood grouping",
"Assessing prognosis of disease",
"Cancer therapy",
"Cases of parental dispute"
] | D | Ans. D i.e. Parental dispute | train | med_mcqa | null |
Radicontrast reactions are mostly: | [
"Anaphylactoid reactions",
"IgE-Mediated reactions",
"Delayed hypersensitivity reactions",
"Immune complex mediated reactions"
] | A | Ans. Anaphylactoid reactions | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 65 year old male with a history of smoking and alcohol abuse complains of poor appetite and difficulty swallowing both solid and liquid foods over the course of the last 4 months. He has lost 10 Kg and occasionally vomits blood. A mass is detected in his esophagus and is subsequently biopsied. What is the most likely... | [
"Glandular epithelium associated with desmoplasia",
"Malignant tumor of mesenchymal origin",
"Squamous cell morphology",
"Tumor derived from all three germ layers"
] | C | The most common esophageal cancer is squamous cell in origin. The esophageal mucosa consists of stratified, nonkeratinized, squamous epithelium. Smoking and alcohol increase the risk for the development of esophageal carcinoma. Suspect cancer when there are signs like rapid weight loss in a sho period of time and sympt... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) differs from thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. In this reference the DIC is most likely characterized by: | [
"Significant numbers of schistocytes",
"A brisk reticulocytosis",
"Significant thrombocytopenia",
"Decreased coagulation factor levels"
] | C | In DIC, the levels of coagulation factors are decreased. Whereas in TTP, coagulation factor levels are normal. Ref :Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 21st ed. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 68-year-old patient developed atrophic gastritis and, 2 years later, developed a macrocytic, hyperchromic anemia. His anemia has most likely occurred due to which one of the following reasons? | [
"The atrophic gastritis leads to vitamin B12 malabsorption.",
"The atrophic gastritis raises the pH in the duodenum, leading to folate malabsorption.",
"The terminal ileum is also involved, so iron is malabsorbed.",
"The atrophic gastritis leads to increased red blood cell absorption by the spleen."
] | A | This patient has trouble absorbing vitamin B12 for two reasons. The first is that the stomach no longer produces adequate levels of intrinsic factor. Atrophic gastritis leads to the loss of the glandular cells of the stomach and replacement of those cells with intestinal and fibrous tissues. This will lead to a loss of... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 10 year old child is always restless, inattentive to study and always wants to play outside. Parents are extremely distressed. What would you advise – | [
"It is a normal behaviour",
"Behaviour therapy",
"It is a serious illness requires medical treatment",
"Needs change in environment"
] | B | This child has →
i) Restlessness
ii) Inattentiveness
iii) Uncontrolled desire to play outside
All are features of attention deficit hyperkinetic disorder (see previous explanations).
Treatment ofADHD
1) Psychosocial treatment
The child and parents should be educated with regard to th... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is best to confirm diagnosis of thalassemia trait in a lady with positive family history of thalassemia? | [
"Elevated HbA2",
"Reticulocytosis",
"NESTROFT",
"Peripheral smear"
] | A | To Confirm diagnosis of Thalassemia trait, following can be seen HPLC of Hb Increased HbA2 levels (>3.5%) NESTROFT is useful in screening this disease. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Vit. A deficiency is characterized by – a) Bitot's spotb) Xerophthalmiac) Night blindnessd) Tranta's spot | [
"abc",
"bc",
"acd",
"bcd"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Nerve involved in exposure keratopathy: September 2009 | [
"Third cranial nerve",
"Fifth cranial nerve",
"Seventh cranial nerve",
"Ninth cranial nerve"
] | C | Ans. C: Seventh cranial nerve Exposure keratitis may occur in any condition in which the ocular surface is not properly lubricated and covered by the eyelids. The most common conditions associated with the development of exposure keratitis include Bell's palsy, exophthalmos associated with Grave's disease, and ectropio... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following has HLAB27 associated with uveitis except ? | [
"Ankylosing spondylitis",
"Reiters syndrome",
"Behcets syndrome",
"None of the above"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Behcets syndrome A few examples of HLA-associated diseases with uveitis are as follows : i) HLA-B27 : Acute anterior uveitis associated with ankylosing spondylitis and also in Reiter's syndrome. ii) HLA-B5 : Uveitis in Behcet's disease. iii) HLA-DR4 and DW15 : Vogt Koyanagi Harada's disease. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the glycogen storage disease doesn&;t affect muscle | [
"Type I",
"Type II",
"Type III",
"Type IV"
] | A | Clinical features : GSD1 a/GSD1 b Sho stature - delayed pubey Liver and kidney enlargement Fasting hypoglycemia Hyperlipidemia and hyperuricemia Chronic renal disease Liver adenoma Osteoporosis GSD1b Neutropenia/Neutrophil dysfunction Recurrent infections Inflammatory bowel disease Reference: GHAI Essential pediatrics,... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Fetal Hb shows high pO2 saturation compared to adult Hb because - | [
"Affinity' to binding to DPG is different in fetal Hb",
"Right shift to Oxygen dissociation curve",
"Acidic environment",
"Cooperative binding"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Affinity to binding to DPG is different in fetal Hb o Make it very clear in mind that higher affinity' of fetal hemoglobin for oxygen is due to low affinity of HbF for 2,3- DPG (not due to decreased 2, 3-DPG concentration). HbF does not combines to 2, 3-DPG as avidly as adult hemoglobin."Fetal hemoglo... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Breast feeding is maximum during sleep because? | [
"Prolactin is increased during night",
"Mother and baby are at rest so increased milk production",
"No confusion in nipple as kid is next to mo",
"It is irrelevant to breast feed"
] | A | ANSWER: (A) Prolactin is increased during nightREF: OP Ghai 7th ed p. 122Breast feeding is important during night because the maximum concentration of prolactin is produced during night; hence it helps to increase quantity of breast milk production. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A new inhaled anesthetic has been developed and tested in a series of experiments. Anesthetic tension in the arterial blood is shown on the graph below as a function of time after inhalation (Drug A) similar curve for nitrous oxide is also shown:Which of the following best describes the properties of the new anesthetic... | [
"High blood: gas partition coefficient",
"Low solubility in the blood",
"Rapid onset of action",
"Low potency"
] | A | Ans. (A) High blood: gas partition coefficient(Ref: Katzung 11th/e p427)The depth of anesthesia depends on the partial pressure of anesthetic in CNS. The transfer of anesthetic into the brain starts only after the blood is fully saturated (or, in other words partial pressure of the anesthetic in blood equals the partia... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Child with seizure plus hyponatremia treatment of choice ? | [
"0.9% NaCl",
"i/2 0.45% NaC1",
"Dextrose + NaC1",
"3% NaC1"
] | D | Ans. is 'd ' i.e., 3% NaC1 Hyponatremia (Serum sodium < 130 meq/L). (Symptomatic when sodium < 120 meq/L). Fluid shift from ECF to neuronal cell. Results in cerebral edema which causes headache, drowsiness, seizure, coma. Treatment:? In low ECF volume & asymptomatic-give ORS/Normal saline. In complicated like seizure-g... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Maximal reduction in gastric acidity is achieved by ? | [
"Truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty",
"Truncal vagotomy and antrectomy",
"Paial gastrectomy",
"Highly selective vagotomy"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Truncal vagotomy and antrectomy | train | med_mcqa | null |
Glucogenic amino acid is- | [
"Leucine",
"Lysine",
"Glutamine",
"None"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e.. Glutamine GlucogenicKetogenicBoth glucogenic & ketogenico Alanineo Arginineo Aspargineo Aspartic acido Cysteineo Glutamineo Glutamic acido Glycineo Histidineo Methionineo Prolineo Serineo Threonineo Valineo Leucineo Lysineo Isoleucineo Phenylalaineo Tyrosineo TryptophanNote : According to Harper 29PSh... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Radioactive isotope/substance emits the following radiations EXCEPT | [
"Alpha",
"Beta",
"Gamma",
"X-rays"
] | D | Ans. d (X-rays) (Ref. Harrison 18th/ ch. 223, 85)RADIOACTIVE EMMISION# ISOTOPES of atoms with uneven numbers of protons and/or neutrons are typically unstable; such isotopes discharge particles or energy to matter, a process that we define as radiation.# Isotope has same atomic number and different atomic mass numberQ#... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Rash of chicken pox is - | [
"Deep seated",
"Centripetal distribution",
"Monomorphic",
"Umblicated"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Centripetal distribution o Clinical features of chicken pox has two stages :-1) Pre-eruptive stage# Characterized by fever, back pain, malaise and shivering.2) Eruptive stage# It is characterized by a characteristic rash with following features (which must be differentiated from rash of small pox) :-i... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common GI malignancy of childhood | [
"Adenocarcinoma",
"Lymphoma",
"Sarcoma",
"carcinoid"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Lymphoma Over all hemangioma is most common Tumor in infant. Hemangioma is usually benign in Nature. Leukemia is most common malignancy in pediatric age gyp. 2"' most common is CNS Tumor = Lymphoma is the most common malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract in children. About 30% of children with non-... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Low serum iron and low serum ferritin is seen in? | [
"Iron deficiency anaemia",
"Chronic kidney disease",
"Sideroblastic anaemia",
"Fanconi anaemia"
] | A | Low serum iron and low serum ferritin is seen in Iron deficiency anemia. Disease Serum iron Serum ferritin TIBC Iron deficiency anemia Decreased Decreased Increased Chronic kidney disease (deficiency of erythropoietin) Normal Normal/decreased if lost in urine due to kidney pathology Normal Sideroblastic anemia Increase... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 50-year-old male patient with history of pelvic fracture presented to the OPD with difficulty in walking downstairs and frequent falls due to knee buckling. Patient also complains of medial leg and calf muscle numbness. The cause of the above condition was found to be mononeuropathy of the dorsal division of the vent... | [
"Muscle A",
"Muscle D",
"Muscle B",
"Muscle C"
] | A | This is a case of femoral nerve mononeuropathy. Muscles supplied by femoral nerve: - Quadriceps femoris Rectus femoris Saorius Iliopsoas | train | med_mcqa | null |
Nerve supply to the musculature of the urinary bladder is - | [
"Symphathetic",
"Parasympathetic",
"Both",
"None"
] | C | Parasympathetic supply is motor to detrusor muscle and inhibitory to sphincter vesicae. Sympathetic supply is motor to sphincter vesicae and inhibitory to detrusor muscle.
Nerve supply of bladder
The bladder is supplied by both sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers.
Parasympathetic: Preganglionic fibers arise fro... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which among the following is true about Super antigens? | [
"They bind to the cleft of the MHC",
"Needs to processed before presentation",
"They are presented by APC' S to T cells",
"Directly attached to lateral aspect of TCR B chain"
] | D | A group of antigens have been termed superantigens because they stimulate a much larger number of T cells than would be predicted based on the specificity of combining site diversity. This causes a massive cytokine release. The action of superantigens is based on their ability to bind directly to MHC proteins and to pa... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Osteosarcoma of the jaw: | [
"Occurs mostly in the maxilla",
"Seen in old age",
"Highly malignant tumour which shows early metastasis",
"Shows a soap bubble type of radiolucency in radiographs"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about rhabdomyolysis - | [
"Hypocalcemia",
"Pain in calfmuscles",
"Generalized body weakness",
"Coma"
] | A | Rhabdomyolysis is characterized by - Hypocalcemia Hyperkalemia Hypernatremia Hypocalcemia and Hyperphosphatemia rarely cause Rhabdomyolysis Ref:Harrison 20 th edition pg no 303,306,309 | train | med_mcqa | null |
A person is declared dead if not seen by relatives for how many years ? | [
"3 years",
"7 years",
"10 years",
"12 years"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 7 years A person is legally declared dead if not seen for 7 years from the date of declared missing. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is used as fungal stain tissue biopsy sections? | [
"PAS",
"Alizarin red",
"LPCB",
"Masson Trichrome"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., PAS | train | med_mcqa | null |
Two antihistaminics terfenadine and astemizole were withdrawn from the market following the occurrence of cardiac arrhythmias when they were present in high levels in the blood. These effects were explained by the fact: | [
"Use of these drugs by addicts",
"Genetic predisposition to metabolize succinylcholine slowly",
"Concurrent treatment with phenobarbital",
"Treatment of these patients with erythromycin, a macrolide antibiotic"
] | D | Astemizole and terfenadine are metabolized by microsomal enzymes. Erythromycin inhibits these enzymes and raises the plasma concentration of these drugs. At high levels, these agents block cardiac K+ channels leading to arrhythmias. | train | med_mcqa | null |
About monitoring true is / are -a) Broader conceptb) Analysis of measurements for detecting changes in health statusc) An essential part of surveillanced) Smaller concepte) Continues after disease elimination | [
"dc",
"cbe",
"bcd",
"eb"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Juvenile justice act defines a juvenile which is | [
"Male below 16 years",
"Female below 16 years",
"Male below 18 years",
"None of the above"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Male below 18 years | train | med_mcqa | null |
Great cardiac vein drains into - | [
"Anterior cardiac vein",
"Coronary sinus",
"Thebesian vein",
"Venae cordis minimi"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Coronary sinus Veinous drainage of heart1. Coronary sinus: Opens into right atrium and has following tributries : (i) Great cardiac vein, (ii) Middle cardiac vein, (iii) Posterior vein of left ventricule, (iv) Small cardiac vein, (v) Oblique vein of left atrium and (vi) Sometimes right marginal vein.2... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 36 year old female came for treatment of infeility. To test for her ovarian reserve, the following is measured: | [
"LH",
"LH/FSH ratio",
"FSH",
"Estradiol"
] | C | The concept of ovarian reserve represents the remaining follicular pool of the ovaries. As ovarian reserve decreases, the ovaries' responsiveness to gonadotropins decreases, necessitating higher amounts of FSH to achieve follicular growth and maturation. In women over age 35, evaluation of ovarian reserve should be ass... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A peripheral smear with increased neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, and platelets is highly suggestive of | [
"Acute myeloid leukemia",
"Acute lymphoblastic leukemia",
"Chronic myelogenous leukemia",
"Myelodysplastic syndrome"
] | C | The peripheral blood picture of this patient is quite characteristic of chronic myeloid leukemia.
Chronic myeloid leukemia is a stem cell disease that is characterized by leukocytosis with granulocytic immaturities, basophilia, splenomegaly and distinct chromosomal abnormality Philadelphia chromosome. | train | med_mcqa | null |
In amyloidosis beta pleated sheet will be seen in | [
"X Ray crystallography",
"Electron microscope",
"SPiral electron microscope",
"Congo red stain"
] | A | Ref Robbins 9/e p257 Beta pleated structure is seen on x Ray crystallography Election microscope shows non branching fibrils of indefinite length | train | med_mcqa | null |
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