question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
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Which of the following is not used for the treatment of insulin induced hypoglycemia? | [
"Intravenous glucose",
"Glucagon",
"Adrenaline",
"Oral carbohydrates"
] | C | Ans. (C) Adrenaline(Ref: Harrison 16/e p2185)Hypoglycemia is treated urgently by oral glucose.It neuroglucopenia precludes oral feeding, i.v. glucose (25 g) should be given.If i.v. therapy is not practical, s.c. or i.m. glucagon should be given. Because glucagon primarily acts by glycogenolysis, it is ineffective in gl... | train | med_mcqa | null |
HACEK group of organism includes all, EXCEPT: | [
"Haemophilus ducreyi",
"Haemophilus paraphrophilus",
"Cardiobacterium hominis",
"Eikenella corrodens"
] | A | This is a group of small gram-negative rods that have in common the following: slow growth in culture, the requirement for high CO2 levels to grow in culture, and the ability to cause endocarditis. They are members of the human oropharyngeal flora and can enter the bloodstream from that site. The name "HACEK" is an acr... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following drugs require dose reductionin cirrhosis except aEUR' | [
"Lorazepam",
"Diazepam",
"Metronidazole",
"Rifampicin"
] | A | Lorazepam Hepatic metabolism accounts for the clearance of all benzodiazepenes. Most of the benzodiazepenes undergo metabolism (microsomal oxidation) in the liver. The metabolites are subsequently conjugated (phase 11 reactions) to form glucuronides that are excreted in urine. Thus in liver disease the dose of benzodia... | train | med_mcqa | null |
RMP of a smooth muscle cell is: | [
"- 10 mV to - 20 mV",
"- 45 mV to - 55 mV",
"- 65 mV to - 75 mV",
"- 85 mV to - 90 mV"
] | B | The membrane potential of a smooth muscle fiber has no true "resting" value. However, in periods of relative quiescence it is about - 45 to - 55 mV. The reason for this low RMP of smooth muscle, compared to skeletal muscle, is the relatively high intracellular & and relatively low in the smooth muscle. | train | med_mcqa | null |
If a mother is donating her kidney to her son. This is an example of | [
"Isograft",
"Autograft",
"Allograft",
"Xenograft"
] | C | Isograft - graft of tissue between two individuals who are genetically identical Allograft- an organ or tissue transplanted from one individual to another Autograft- graft of tissue from one point to another of the same individual's body. Xenograft- a graft performed between different species Ref: Bailey and love 27th ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are features of Premature Ventricular Complexes, Except | [
"Wide QRS complex",
"Absent P wave",
"Complete compensatory pause",
"Prolonged PR interval"
] | D | Answer is D (Prolonged PR interval) PR interval does not characterize Ventricular Premature complexes because AV conduction is not involved. Wide QRS complex, Absent P wave and a frequently Complete Compensatory Pause are all characteristic features of Premature ventricular complexes. The basic ECG characteristics of P... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pseudoclaudication is caused by: | [
"Femoral aery stenosis",
"Popliteal aery stenosis",
"Lumbar canal stenosis",
"Radial aery stenosis"
] | C | When symptoms mimicking the symptoms of intermittent vascular claudication arise from lumbar canal stenosis, the condition is termed as neurogenic pseudoclaudication. Pseudoclaudication refers to a variety of connditions that may mimic vascular intermittent claudication. The condition that is most commonly cofused with... | train | med_mcqa | null |
"Chipmunk face" is characteristically seen in | [
"Beta thalassemia major",
"Fetal alcohol syndrome",
"Cushing's syndrome",
"Acromegaly"
] | A | (A) Beta thalassemia major # Chipmunk Face: A descriptor for expanded globular maxillae, with BM hyperexpansion into facial bones, combined with prominent epicanthal folds, characteristic of severe beta-thalassemia. Chipmunk face may also refer to soft tissue swelling-- e.g., diffuse parotid gland swelling--accompanied... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Not a branch of external carotid artery: | [
"Superior thyroid artery",
"Lingual artery",
"Ascending pharyngeal artery",
"Ophthalmic artery"
] | D | Ans: D (Ophthalmic) Ref: Gray's Anatomy, 40th edition, pg. 399 Explanation:Common carotid artery lies within the carotid sheath of deep cervical fascia, together with the internal jugular vein and vagus nerve.At the level of the upper border of the thyroid cartilage (C4), the common carotid artery bifurcates into exter... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis is/are caused by - | [
"Coal worker's pneumoconiosis",
"Bagassosis",
"Silicosis",
"Sarcoidosis"
] | B | Bagassosis can lead to hypersensitivity pneumonitis,in which the antigen is thermophilic actinomycetes and the source of antigen is "moldy" bagasse (sugarcane).Other examples for HP include bird fancier's lung,farmer's lung,hot tube lung,chemical worker's lung,bird fancier's lung,etc. Reference:Harrison's medicine-18th... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Norepinephrine is metabolized by which of the following enzymes | [
"COMT",
"MAO",
"Both",
"Neither"
] | C | Both COMT and MAO breakdown norepinephrine. Ref:- KD Tripathi | train | med_mcqa | null |
Saurday night palsy involves - | [
"Radial nerve",
"Median nerve",
"Musculocutaneous",
"Ulnar nerve"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Radial nerve Types of radial nerve palsy and deficit:High Radial Nerve palsyLoss of elbow extention Wrist, thumb and finger dropLow radial nerve palsyWrist, Finger and thumb dropPosterior interosseus nerve injuryLoss of finger and thumb extention No sensory involvementSaturday night palsyCompression o... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are therapeutic uses of penicillin G, except | [
"Bacterial meningitis",
"Rickettsial infection",
"Syphilis",
"Anthrax"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Rickettsial infection Penicillin G is the DOC for 1. Meningococcal meningitis 7. Leptospira 2. Bacillus anthracis (anthrax) 8. Actinomyces israelii (Actinomycosis) 3. Clostridium perfringens (gas gangrene) 9. Borrel i a burgdorferi (Lyme disease) 4. Clostridium tetani (tetanus) 10. Enterococci 5. Cory... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Posterior communicating artery is branch of - | [
"Internal carotid artery",
"External carotid artery",
"Middle cerebral artery",
"Posterior cerebral artery"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not a sign of succesfull stellate ganglion block- | [
"Nasal stuffness",
"Guttman sign",
"Horner's syndrome",
"Bradycardia"
] | D | Signs of successful stellate ganglion block Horner&;s syndrome Flushing of face Lacrimation/ Increased tear production Infection of tympanic membrane(Muller syndrome) Stuffy nose (Guttman&;s sign) Increased temprature of face and upper extremity on ipsilateral side of block Venodilation in the ipsilateral extremity | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 26 year old woman with 32-day menstrual cycle planning for conception regularly checks her body temperature (orally) using a digital thermometer in the morning before getting out of bed. She noticed an increase in her body temperature on the 18th day of menstrual cycle. This is caused by | [
"Oestradiol",
"Progesterone",
"LH peak",
"FSH peak"
] | B | The cause of the temperature change at the time of ovulation is probably the increase in progesterone secretion since progesterone is thermogenic. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Regarding appendix, true statement is\ | [
"Develops from midgu",
"It has taenia coli",
"Has mesentery",
"Supplied by inferior mesenteric artery"
] | A | (A) Develops from midgut # VERMIFORM APPENDIX is located in the right lower quadrant of abdomen.> It is a narrow, worm shaped tube, arising from the posteromedial caecal wall, 2 cms or less below the end of the ileum. Its opening is occasionally guarded by a semicircular fold of mucous membrane known as the valve of Ge... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 60-year old male presented with Yellowish discoloration thickening and tunneling of 2 fingernailand one toe nail.Which of the following will clinch the dignosis at the earliest? | [
"Wood's lamp examination",
"KOH mount",
"Slit smear (split skin smear}",
"Gram stain"
] | B | Yellowish discolouration with thickening tunneling indicates a fungal infection maily dermatophytic infection - tinea ungum. rapid diagnostic test to diagnose the condition is koh mount. 30% koh is used for nails. Fungus appear as translucent branching hyphae with septa. slit skin smear is used to diagnose leprosy gram... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which one of the following type of Amoeba causes meningitis? | [
"Dientamoeba",
"Entamoeba",
"Acanthamoeba",
"Iodamoeba"
] | C | (C) Acanthamoeba | train | med_mcqa | null |
Color changes seen in ANUG may | [
"Marginal",
"Diffuse",
"Patch-like",
"Lace-Like"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Meconium contains all except - | [
"Lanugo",
"Bacterial flora",
"Epithelial debris",
"Bilirubin"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Bacterial floraMeconium contains -i) Intestinal epithelial cells iii) Mucus v) Bileii) Lanugo iv) Amniotic fluid vi) Water | train | med_mcqa | null |
Bite test is used for detection of | [
"Cracked tooth",
"Pulp vitality",
"Bite force measurement",
"occlusal discrepancy"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
During normal conversation sound heard at 1 meter distance is - | [
"80 dB",
"60 dB",
"90 dB",
"120 dB"
] | B | Whisper - 30 dB
Normal conversation - 60 dB
Shout - 90 dB
Discomfort of the ear - 120 dB
Pain in the ear - 130 dB | train | med_mcqa | null |
Edmonston strain is - | [
"Hepatitis-B",
"Measles",
"Mumps",
"Rubella"
] | B | In measels, active immunization is by vaccine used Edmonston strain REF:<\p> MICROBIOLOGY ANANTHA NARAYANAN NINTH EDITION PAGE.513 | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are TRUE regarding filariasis except ? | [
"Man is an intermediate host.",
"Caused by wuchereria bancrofti",
"Involves lymphatic system",
"DEC is used in treatment"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Man is an intermediate host | train | med_mcqa | null |
Caries associated with pre-eruptive enamel hypoplasia: | [
"Secondary caries.",
"Chronic caries.",
"Occult caries.",
"Incipient caries."
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Schwannoma of spinal nerve roots is seen in? | [
"Neurofibromatosis 1",
"Neurofibromatosis 2",
"Turcot syndrome",
"Li - Fraumeni syndrome"
] | A | Schwannoma is a benign tumor arising from Schwann cells of cranial and spinal nerve roots. NF-1 is associated with an increased incidence of schwannomas of spinal nerve roots. MC schwannoma is vestibular schwannoma or acoustic neuroma arises from vestibular poion of 8th cranial nerve. Patients with NF-2 have an inciden... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Incubation period of staphylococcus aurues food poisoning: March 2013 | [
"1-6 hours",
"7-12 hours",
"13-18 hours",
"19-24 hours"
] | A | Ans. A i.e. 1-6 hours Classification of Food Poisoning: Based on symptoms and duration of onset Nausea and vomiting within six hours (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus) - Abdominal cramps and diarrhoea within 8-16 hours (Clostridium perfringens, Bacillus cereus) - Fever, abdominal cramps and diarrhoea within 16-48... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Fat necrosis occurs in - | [
"Omentum",
"Brain",
"Heart",
"Kidney"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Omentum o Repeat from previous sessions. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Enlarged corneal nerves may be seen in all of the following except – | [
"Keratoconus",
"Herpes simplex keratitis",
"Leprosy",
"Neurofibromatosis"
] | B | Enlarged corneal nerves
Enlarged corneal nerves appear in several conditions; the most important to recognize is the dominantly inherited multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2B (MEN type 2B).
Other causes of enlarged corneal nerves include :-
Keratoconus
Advanced age
Neurofibromatosis
Keratoconjunctivitis sicc... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not a characteristic of malignant lesions? | [
"Pear-shaped",
"Ulcerated borders",
"Ill-defined borders",
"Absence of encapsulation"
] | A | The periphery most often is ill defined and has an invasive characteristic commonly seen in malignant tumors.
The imaging presentation of malignant tumors is variable and is related to the grade, aggressiveness, location, and type of tumor. In many cases, it is impossible to determine whether a tumor is malignant or b... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Complication of sinus disease include: | [
"Retrobulbar neuritis",
"Orbital cellulitis",
"Cavernous sinus thrombosis",
"Superior orbital fissure syndrome"
] | D | All the above. posterior group of sinusitis can lead to neuritis with impaired vision. Ref Tuli 1/e,p 196. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Alginates are | [
"Sol",
"Gel",
"Hydrocolloid",
"Colloid"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Doctors role in noting dying declaration is to- | [
"Ascertain compos mentis",
"Call the magistrate",
"Elicit information by leading questions",
"Ask the investigating medical officer to be there"
] | A | Before recording the statement of dying declaration, the doctor should certify that the person is conscious and his mental faculties are normal (compos mends). | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common chromosomal anomoly in miscarriage | [
"Down's syndrome",
"Turner's syndrome",
"Trisomy 16",
"Edward syndrome"
] | C | Most common Chromosomal anomoly in miscarriage Trisomy 16. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A four-fold increase in the titre obtained in Weil- Felix reaction is diagnostic of - | [
"Rickettsial infection",
"Fungal infection",
"Spirochetal infection",
"Viral infection"
] | A | In weil-felix test, host antibodies to various rickettsial species cause agglutination of Proteus bacteria because they cross-react with bacterial cell surface antigens. Reference: Harrison20th edition pg 1011 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which continues to grow in the lifetime – | [
"Cornea",
"Iris",
"Lens",
"Retina"
] | C | "The lens actually continues to grow throughout our lifetime, so older people have thicker lenses". — James Foley | train | med_mcqa | null |
Golden yellow jelly fungus is - | [
"Ttursurans",
"Tmontegrophytes",
"Trenella mesenterica",
"Efloccosum"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Trenella mesenterica o The term jelly fungus is sometimes applied to any fungus with a jelly like fruiting body, but it is especially appropriate for the members of a group of texa traditionally assigned to the order Tremellaies.o Largest genus is Tremella. which consists of about 80 species.o Tremell... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Glucogenic amino acid is transpoed to the liver most commonly by | [
"Alanine",
"Glycine",
"Lysine",
"Leucine"
] | A | Ans. A. Alanine | train | med_mcqa | null |
Management of cvstosarcoma phylioides in a young female: | [
"Wide excision with a margin",
"Wide excision and chemotherapy",
"Wide excision and radiotherapy",
"Modified mastectomy"
] | A | Ans: A (Wide excision with a margin) Ref: Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease, 8th edition & Bailey and Love's Short Practice of Surgery 25th EditionExplanation:PHYLLODES TUMORThey are a fibroepithelial tumor composed of an epithelial and a cellular stromal component.Phyllodes tumors arise from intralobular stromaMost ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Anti-codon arm is seen in | [
"m-RNA",
"r-RNA",
"t-RNA",
"sn- RNA"
] | C | Ans. (c) t-RNA* There are three main types of RNA: tRNA, mRNA, and rRNA.* The most abundant form of RNA is rRNA or ribosomal RNA because it is responsible for coding and producing all the proteins in cells.* tRNA (transfer RNA): RNA which transfers amino acid from cytoplasm to ribosomal protein synthesizing machinery.*... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Surgical exploration of the ankle and foot demonstrates a muscle arising from the medial and lateral processes of the tuberosity of the calcaneus and inseing into the lateral side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th toe. How does this muscle act on the 5th toe? | [
"Abduction",
"Adduction",
"Extension",
"Flexion of the middle phalanx on the proximal phalanx"
] | A | The muscle is the abductor digiti minimi, the function of which is to abduct (separate) the toe away from the 4th toe. The abductor digiti minimi is supplied by the lateral plantar nerve. This muscle also helps act as a "spring" on the sole of the foot during walking.Adduction (opposition of the toes) is supplied by th... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 36-year-old woman presents with muscle pain, fever, chronic sinusitis. Physical examination shows mucosal ulcerations of the nasopharynx. A biopsy from her nasopharynx reveals necrotizing vasculitis with chronic inflammatory cells and giant cells surrounding necrotic areas. The presence of which of the following auto... | [
"Antigliadin antibodies",
"Antinucleolar antibodies",
"Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies",
"Antimitochondrial antibodies"
] | C | Wegener granulomatosis (WG) is a disease characterized by focal necrotizing vasculitis and acute necrotizing granulomas of the upper and lower respiratory tract. Renal involvement is common. The clinical signs associated with WG include perforation of the nasal septum, chronic sinusitis, hemoptysis, and hematuria. Pati... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Left sided cardiac bulge seen on chest X-ray is/are d/t to – | [
"Enlargement of left atrial appendage",
"Azygous vein enlargement",
"Coronary artery aneurysm",
"Pulmonary edema"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Commonest cause of otogenic meningitis is: | [
"Streptococcus pneumoniae",
"H. influenza",
"Pseudomonas",
"E. coli"
] | A | (a) Streptococcus pneumoniae(Ref. Cummings, 6th ed., 2171)MC cause of otogenic meningitis was H. influenzae but after the introduction of Hib vaccine in the universal immunisation programme, it is Streptococcus pneumoniae now. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Branched septate hyphae found on corneal smear in a case of corneal ulcer is: | [
"Candida",
"Mucor",
"Aspergillus",
"Histoplasma"
] | C | Ans. (c) Aspergillus Ref. Ananthanarayan p 613, 9/e, p 609; Harrison 19/e, p 1345, 18/e, p 1658 Already explained | train | med_mcqa | null |
Quinolone antibiotic with broad Gram-negative and Gram-positive activity is | [
"Piperacillin",
"Cefoperazone",
"Ceftriaxone",
"Ciprofloxacin"
] | D | Many new antibiotics have become available during the past few years. Although expensive, these antibiotics generally have a broader spectrum of effectiveness than the ones they are intended to replace. Resistance to these newly introduced agents may be a problem that will minimize their effects on the treatment of inf... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Zollinger-ellison syndrome is not associated with | [
"Peptic ulcer disease",
"Elevated gastrin",
"Non B islet cell tumor of the pancreas",
"Decreased basal acid secretion"
] | D | There is increased basal acid hypersecretion
Zollinger-ellison syndrome is associated with severe peptic ulcer disease | train | med_mcqa | null |
Diffuse increase in the parenchymal density of breast is seen in? | [
"Hormone replacement therapy",
"Lipodystrophy",
"Cachexia",
"All of the above"
] | D | Ans DBreast density is from fat and glandular tissue. Any pathology that leads to either reduction in fat (cachexia, lipodystrophy) or increased glandular component (hormone replacement therapy) will cause increase in density on imaging | train | med_mcqa | null |
Slowest acting buffer system in the body - | [
"PCO2 buffer",
"Respiratory buffer",
"Chemical buffer",
"Renal buffer"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Renal buffer * Not all the buffer systems begin work at the same time. Chemical buffers respond first, followed by the respiratory system and finally, the renal system :# When blood plasma pH rises above or falls below normal, chemical buffers respond instantaneously. Chemical buffers often restore bl... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Minimum angle of resolution when visual acuity is 6/6 | [
"1 min of arc",
"5 min of arc",
"10 min of arc",
"15 min of arc"
] | A | Answer-A. 1 min of arcVisual acuity is the first test performed after taking history.Measurement of the central visual acuity is essentially an assessment of function of the fovea centralis.An object must be presented so that each poion of it is separated by a difinite interval, known as minimum angle of resolution (MA... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Lancefield classification based on: | [
"M protein",
"Carbohydrate antigen",
"Cell wall peptidogglycan",
"T protein"
] | B | Carbohydrate antigen | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is not true about newborn assessment | [
"APGAR at 7 min indicates neonatal moality depression",
"APGAR at 1 min, indicators for neonatal resuscitation",
"Fetus can raoidly washout CO2 through placenta",
"Anaerobic metabolism causes acidemia"
] | A | The Apgar score is based on a total score of 1 to 10. The higher the score, the better the baby is doing after bih. A score of 7, 8, or 9 is normal and is a sign that the newborn is in good health. Reference: GHAI Essential pediatrics, 8th edition | train | med_mcqa | null |
Intervillous space placenta contains howmuch blood - | [
"50 ml",
"100 ml",
"150 ml",
"200 ml"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 50 mlVolume of blood in mature placenta500 ml Volume of blood in intervillous space 150 ml Blood flow in intervillous space500 - 600 ml/ minPressure in intervillous spaceDuring uterine contractionDuring uterine relaxation 30-50mmHg10-15mmHgPressure in the supplying uterine aery70-80 mmHgPressure in th... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Eosinophilia in necrosed tissue is due to | [
"Coagulation of proteins",
"Denaturation of enzymes",
"Denaturation of protein",
"Mitochondrial damage"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Denaturation of protein Necrotic cells show increased eosinophilia in hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) stains. It is due to - Loss of cytoplasmic RNA (or ribonucleoprotein/RNP) which binds the blue dye, hematoxylin. Denatured cytoplasmic proteins which bind the red dye, eosin. | train | med_mcqa | null |
When information memorized afterward is interfered by the information learned earlier, it is called : | [
"Retroactive inhibition",
"Proactive inhibition",
"Simple inhibition",
"Inhibition"
] | B | Earlier learning interferes with retrieval of new information → proactive interference.
Newly acquired information interferes with the retrieval of previously learnt information → retroactive inhibition. | train | med_mcqa | null |
The drug imatinib acts by inhibiting which of the following enzyme? | [
"Tyrosine kinase",
"Glutathione reductase",
"Thymidine synthase",
"Protein kinase"
] | A | Imatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor domain of BCR-ABL oncoprotein and prevents phosphorylation of the kinase substrate by ATP. It is indicated for the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumors. 5 Fluorouracil inhibits thymidylate synthase thereby interfering with synthesis of DNA... | train | med_mcqa | null |
MCardle's syndrome is due to | [
"Deficiency of glucose-6-phosphatase",
"Absence of muscle phosphorylase",
"Deficiency of liver phosphorylase",
"Deficiency of liver phosphorylase kinase"
] | A | McArdle disease (also known as glycogen storage disease type V) is a disorder affecting muscle metabolism. The condition is caused by the lack of an enzyme called muscle phosphorylase. This results in an inability to break down glycogen 'fuel' stores. McArdle disease leads to pain and fatigue with strenuous exercise. R... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Procedures which can be carried out in vital pulpotomy is/are: | [
"Devitalization.",
"Preservation.",
"Regeneration.",
"All of the above."
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
From which arteries is blood supplied to bone? | [
"Nutrient",
"Periosteal",
"Metaphyseal",
"All of the above"
] | D | Bone is supplied by :
nutrient artery,
periosteal artery,
metaphyseal (juxta-epiphyseal) artery, and
epiphyseal artery. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drug of choice for generalized anxiety ? | [
"3-blocker",
"Alprazolam",
"Buspirone",
"Phenytoin"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Alprazolam Treatment of generalized anxiety Benzodiazepines are the drug of choice. Drugs in this group are diazepam, Lorazepam, Alprazolam, Oxazepam, chlordiazepoxide. Other drugs used are buspirone; TCA (amptriptyline, imipramine, clomipramine, desipramine); SSRIs (Fluoxetine, Sealine, Paroxetine, C... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are ominous signs in a case of severe head injury, EXCEPT: | [
"Anisocoria",
"Decoicate posturing",
"Decerebrate posturing",
"Development of diabetes insipidus"
] | D | Anisocoria, decoicate posturing, and decerebrate posturing, all are mentioned as the ominous signs of severe head injury so development of diabetes insipidus is the answer of choice by exclusion here. Normally are equal in size, round and briskly reactive to light. Brain injury and pressure on the nerves leading to pup... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Maximum audible tolerance is: | [
"90 db for 6 hrs",
"90 db for 8hrs",
"85 db for 6 hrs",
"85 db for 8 hrs"
] | B | A noise of 90 db, 8hrs a day for 5 days/week is maximum safe limit. No exposure in excess of 115 db is permitted. No impulse noise of intensity > 140 lb is permitted. Persons working in area where noise exceeds 85 db should have pre employment and annual audiograms. Ear plugs offer protection up to 35db and to be used ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The Ducts of Bellini are typically seen in | [
"Pancreas",
"Liver",
"Kidney",
"Submandibular salivary gland"
] | C | Inderbir Singh's Human Histology Sixth edition Pg 304 The space between renal columns constitute ducts of bellini | train | med_mcqa | null |
The function of wetting agents used in casting procedures is | [
"To facilitate wetting of ring liner",
"To facilitate mixing investment",
"To reduce contact angle of a liquid with the wax surface",
"For better wax elimination"
] | C | The surface of a wax pattern that is not completely wetted investment results in surface irregularities in the casting that destroy its accuracy.
These irregularities can be minimized by applying a surface-active wetting agent on the wax.
The function of the wetting agent is to reduce the contact angle of a liquid with... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Cyclosporine acts on - | [
"CD8 cells",
"CD4 cells",
"B-Lymphocytes",
"T-Lymphocytes"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., CD4 cells | train | med_mcqa | null |
String sign is a radiological feature of - | [
"Crohn's disease",
"Ulcerative colitis",
"Ileocecal tuberculosis",
"Ischemic colitis"
] | C | String sign → Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, Ileocecal tuberculosis.
String sign of Kantor → Crohn's disease
String of bead sign → Small bowel obstruction | train | med_mcqa | null |
Steroid super family receptors are associated with- | [
"Gastrin",
"Vitamin D3",
"Encephalin",
"Insulin"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Beta-glucosidase deficiency leads to: | [
"Gaucher's disease",
"Tay-Sachs disease",
"Galactosemia",
"DM"
] | A | Ans. aRef.: Harper's Illustrated Biochemistry, 30th edn.Option aTrueYes, it is due to Beta-glucosidase deficiencyOption bFalseNo, it is due to Hexosaminidase A deficiencyOption cFalseNo, it is due to galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase or galactokinase deficiencyOption dFalseNo, DM (probably diabetes mellitus) is i... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most radiosensitive among the following is | [
"Nuclear DNA",
"Mitochondrial DNA",
"Satellite DNA",
"Nucleosomal DNA"
] | D | (D) Nucleosomal DNA > Among the factors contributing to the distribution of DNA damage within irradiated mammalian cell nuclei are the interactions of DNA with nuclear proteins and the formation of multi-molecular chromatin structures. Studies on the manipulation of chromatin structures of isolated nuclei are summarise... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following statements regarding transfer of drugs across placenta is FALSE? | [
"Transfer across placenta is lesser in early pregnancy",
"most of the drugs to some extent can cross the placenta except heparin and insulin",
"drugs most commonly transfers through active transpo",
"P-glycoprotein is present in placenta"
] | C | <Insulin and heparin(strongest acid) are very high molecular weight drugs- cant cross through the placenta. lipid soluble and unionized drugs easily pass through the placenta drugs mostly common transfer through passive diffusion.P glycoprotein plays a key role in the transfer of drugs Pg.no.19 K D Tripathi Seventh edi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The Glossopharyngeal nerve supplies the posterior pa of the tongue because it develops from the | [
"Hyoid arch",
"Tuberculum impar",
"Mandibular arch",
"Hypobranchial eminence"
] | D | D i.e. Hypobranchial eminence- Tongue muscles originate from myoblast of occipital somitesQ. Thus tongue musculature is innervated by hypoglossal nerve.- Glossopharyngeal (9th) nerve supplies posterior (1/3) pa of tongue because it develops from hypobrachial eminence (copula)Q.Parathyroid glands develop from 4th (super... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Least failure in sterilization occurs with : | [
"Falope ring",
"Bipolar cautery",
"Unipolar cauterisation",
"Hulka clip"
] | C | The success rates are best when clips and rings are used and worst with electrocoagulation. TEXTBOOK OF GYNECOLOGY SHEILA BALAKRISHNAN SECOND EDITION PAGE NO 393 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Arsenophagists are | [
"Persons using arsenic as aboion stick",
"Persons using arsenics as cattle poisoning",
"Persons who can tolerate high doses of arsenic after taking it in low doses at frequent intervals",
"Criminals using arsenic for homicide purposes"
] | C | Some people take arsenic daily as a tonic or as an aphrodisiac and they acquire tolerance to 250-300mg or more in one dose. Such people are known as arsenophagists. Ref - <a href=" | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common cause of dysentery is – | [
"Shigella dysentrie",
"E. Histolytica",
"Salmonella",
"Compylobacter"
] | A | Shigella accounts for majority of cases of dysentry. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hydrocephalus in the fetus is diagnosed by all except : | [
"Large fontanelle with widely separated sutures as felt on PV examination",
"High floating head",
"Serial ultrasound",
"CPD"
] | D | CPD | train | med_mcqa | null |
Generalised hypercementosis seen in: | [
"Paget's disease",
"Hypothyroidism",
"Trauma",
"All of the above"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Cataract is caused by the deficiency of all of the following EXCEPT | [
"Vitamin D",
"Vitamin A",
"Calcium",
"Vitamin E"
] | B | (B) Vitamin A # Deficiency of vitamin D: It may be associated with zonular cataract, papilloedema and increased lacrimation.> Deficiency of vitamin A: Ocular manifestations of vitamin A deficiency are referred to as xerophthalmia. Not associated with cataract.> Dietary factors: Anomalous diet as regards certain protein... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Administration of Glucose solution is prescribed for all of the following situations except | [
"Neonates",
"Child of a Diabetic Mother",
"History of Unconsiousness",
"History of Hypoglycemia"
] | C | History of unconsciousness may be due to multiple reasons and hence administration of glucose in all the situation is not correct . Reference: GHAI Essential pediatrics, 8th edition | train | med_mcqa | null |
Highly selective proteinuria is seen in | [
"Minimal change",
"Mesangial proliferative nephritis",
"Membranous glomerulonephritis",
"Focal glomerulosclerosis"
] | A | Loss of glomerular basement membrane (GBM) polyanion has been proposed as a cause of the selective proteinuria in minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS).The exact role of charge selectivity in the pathogenesis of nephrotic proteinuria remains controversial Proteinuria that is more than 85% albumin is selective protei... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is caused by congenital 17 hydroxylase deficiency: | [
"Hyperkalemia",
"Hermaphroditism",
"Hypeension",
"Virilism"
] | C | Hypeension 17 -hydroxylase (17 -OH) deficiency syndrome is a rare genetic disorder of steroid biosynthesis causing decreased production of glucocoicoids and sex steroids and increased synthesis of mineralocoicoid precursors. Reduced or absent levels of both gonadal and adrenal sex hormones result in sexual infantilism ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which is M.C. site for iatrogenic oesophageal perforation - | [
"Abdominal portion",
"Cervical portion",
"Above arch of aorta",
"Below arch of aorta"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Scotochromogens are - | [
"Mycobacterium gordonae",
"Mycobacterium marinum",
"Mycobacterium intracellulare",
"Mycobacterium avium"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
The difference between gram + ye and gram -ye organism is that Gram +ve org. contains - | [
"Teichoic acid",
"Muramic acid",
"N-acetyl neuraminic acid",
"Aromatic amino acids"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Teichoic acid Comparison of cell walls of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria Gram positive Gram negative Thickness Thicker Thinner Variety of aminoacids Few Several Aromatic and sulphur containing aminoacids Absent Present Lipids Absent or scanty Present Teichoic acid Present Absent | train | med_mcqa | null |
Paial claw hand is caused by lesion involving the: March 2010, March 2013 (a, b) | [
"Radial nerve",
"Ulnar nerve",
"Median nerve",
"Anterior interosseous nerve"
] | B | Ans. B: Ulnar Nerve | train | med_mcqa | null |
During which of the following prenatal stages, are leukocytes not present in the developing embryo? | [
"Hepatic stage",
"Bone marrow stage",
"Mesoblastic stage",
"Splenic stage"
] | C | Leukocytes are absent during the mesoblastic (yolk-cell) stage, but appear at approximately two months gestation in the liver and somewhat late in the spleen. The bone marrow first paicipates in hematopoiesis at approximately six months gestation and assumes an increasingly larger role thereafter. The liver and spleen ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common Salivary glands tumor in dults is | [
"Pleomorphic adenoma",
"Lymphoma",
"Mucoepidermoid carcinoma",
"None of the above"
] | A | Refer Robbins page no 261 8th edition | train | med_mcqa | null |
Percentage of endothelial loss in Descemets stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty | [
"5%",
"10 - 20%",
"30 - 40%",
"50 - 60%"
] | C | Ans. (c) 30 - 40%Ref: Cornea: July 2007- Volume 26 - Issue 6 p. 670 - 674)Reported mean endothelial cell loss (usually at 6 months post op) varies from 24-59% (with standard deviations) across the studies. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is a possible acquired etiological factor in ADHD? | [
"High birth weight",
"Elevated intake of sugar-containing foods during early childhood",
"Low socioeconomic status",
"Prenatal exposure to alcohol or nicotine"
] | D | Ans. D. Prenatal exposure to alcohol or nicotineA number of acquired influences have been identified as etiologic factors in development of ADHD, including1. Pregnancy & delivery complications;2. Low birth weight (not high birth weight)3. Traumatic brain injury4. Prenatal exposure to substances, including alcohol & nic... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Treatment of pseudocyst of pancreas include ? | [
"Cystogastrostomy",
"Cystojejunostomy",
"Excision of the cyst",
"All"
] | D | Ans is d i.e. All of the above | train | med_mcqa | null |
Chromophobe variant of Renal cell carcinoma is associated with : | [
"VHL gene mutations",
"Trisomy of 7 and 17 (+7, +17)",
"3 p deletions (3p-)",
"Monosomy of 1 and Y (-1, -Y)"
] | D | Answer is D (Monosomy of 1 and y): Chromophobe variants of renal cell carcinoma are charachterized by widespread / extensive chromosomal losses resulting in monosomy or hypodiploid DNA index. This includes loss of chromosome 1 and V. 'The abnormalities most consistently observed have been multiple losses of whole chrom... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is true regarding acute pyogenic osteomyelitis | [
"Most common site in bone is diaphysis of bone",
"Sequestrum is the new bone formation surrounding involucrum",
"Most common mode of infection is direct inoculation due to trauma",
"Cloacae are discharging sinuses."
] | D | Ans. D. Cloacae are discharging sinuses.a. Most common site of osteomyelitis is metaphysis.b. Sequestrum is dead piece of bone surrounded by involucrum (New bone).c. Most common mode of infection of bone is hematogenous. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which one of the following diseases is endogenous in origin- | [
"Aspergillosis",
"Candidiasis",
"Phycomycosis",
"All of the above"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
In which system, continuous enumeration of bihs and deaths by enumerator and an independent survey by investigator supervisor is done ? | [
"Decadal Census Enumeration",
"Sample Registration System",
"Model Registration System",
"National Family Health Survey"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Sample Registration System | train | med_mcqa | null |
The positive inotropic effect of digitalis is due to inhibition of Na+/K+ ATPase pump in cardiac muscle cell membrane leading to: | [
"Decreased activity of Na+/Ca++ exchanger causing decreased influx of sodium and decreased efflux of Ca++ in the sarcolemma",
"Decreased efflux of Na+ leading to less negative resting membrane potential and opening of voltage gated Ca++ channels on the T tubules",
"Increased intracellular Na+ causing increased ... | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Cheiloscopy is the study of prints of - | [
"Foot",
"Fingers",
"Palate",
"Lips"
] | D | Cheiloscopy is study of lipprints which are divided into 8 patterns. The fissures and grooves are characteristic for an individual. There are 24 characteristics. If 7 to 9 characters tally identification is established. Cheiloscopy is derived from Greek words cheilos -- lips and eskopein - see Lips are unique to one pe... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Meningitis in immunocompromised host is frequently caused by | [
"Candida tropicalis",
"Cryptococcus neoformans",
"Trichophyton rubrum",
"Epidermophyton flocculosum"
] | B | (B) Cryptococcus neoformans # Cryptococcus neoformans is the leading cause of meningitis in immunocompromised patients (AIDS). | train | med_mcqa | null |
Earliest histological change in MI- | [
"Macrophage infiltration",
"Neutrophilic Infiltration",
"Waviness of fibers",
"Coagulative necrosis"
] | C | The microscopic appearance also undergoes a characteristic sequence of changes Typical features of coagulative necrosis become detectable within 4 to 12 hours of infarction. "Wavy fibers" also can be present at the edges of an infarct; these reflect the stretching and buckling of noncontractile dead fibers. Sublethal i... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Trantas spots are seen in | [
"Vernal conjunctivitis",
"Eczematous conjunctivitis",
"Ophthalmia nodosa",
"Tularaemia"
] | A | VERNAL KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS (VKC) OR SPRING CATARRHIt is a recurrent, bilateral, interstitial, self-limiting, allergic inflammation of the conjunctiva having a periodic seasonal incidence.Signs of vernal keratoconjunctivitis can be described in following three clinical forms:1. Palpebral form: Usually upper tarsal conj... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are signs of internal malignancy except – | [
"Acanthosis nigricans & annular erythema",
"Bullous pyoderma & migratory necrotizing erythema",
"Granuloma annulare",
"Erythema annulare"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
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