question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
values | rationale stringlengths 0 22.5k ⌀ | split stringclasses 1
value | dataset stringclasses 6
values | subject stringclasses 1
value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All of the following are true regarding the findings of peripheral smear in vitamin B12 deficiency except: March 2010 | [
"Hypercellular marrow",
"Poikilocytosis",
"Hypersegmented neutrophils",
"Microcytic red cells"
] | D | Ans. D: Microcytic red cellsA peripheral smear in megaloblastic anemia shows:The classic hypersegmented polymorphonucleated cells having more than 5 nuclear lobules instead of normal three to four.Marrow is hypercellular as a result of marked hematopoietic precursors.The presence of red cells that are macrocytic and ov... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following immunohistochemical marker is positive in neuroendocrine tumor? | [
"Cytokeratin",
"Synaptophysin",
"Calretinin",
"GEAP"
] | B | Ref. Robbins Pathology. 9th edition. Page. 1099
Though Cytokeratin is also positive in neruroendocrine carcinoma. For neuroendocrine differentiation more specific marker is synaptophysin and chromogranin
WHO classification
Typical carcinoids (tcs)
Atypical carcinoids (acs)
Small cell carcinomas (sccs)
Large cell nec... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Molluscum contagiosum is caused by which of the following: March 2013 | [
"Polyomavirus",
"Reovirus",
"Flavivirus",
"Poxvirus"
] | D | Ans. D i.e. Poxvirus | train | med_mcqa | null |
Indicator of moderate to severe malnutritions is - | [
"Serum transferrin 160",
"Body mass index 19",
"Albumin 2.1 g/dl",
"Transthyretin"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Albumin 2.1 g/dI | train | med_mcqa | null |
Condition where subhyloid hemorrhage is associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage is- | [
"Posner-Schlossman syndrome",
"Axenfeld- Rieger syndrome",
"Pseudoexfoliation syndrome",
"Terson's syndrome"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Terson's syndrome * Terson syndrome is intraocular hemorrhage associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage or traumatic brain injury. Hemorrhage may be present in the vitreous, sub-hyloidy or intraretina/ sub-internal limiting membrane.* Terson syndrome usually occurs in adults, b... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Commonest sarcoma in children is - | [
"Rhabdomyosarcoma",
"Lipoma",
"Angiosarcoma",
"Fibrosarcoma"
] | A | Rhabdomyosarcoma
Commonest sarcoma in children is rhabdomyosarcoma.
It is a tumour of Primitive mesodermal origin.
The most common site is head and neck.
The genitourinary region is the second most common site.
Other sites are extremities and retroperitoneum | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pure Aryans have which type of skull | [
"Mesaticephalic",
"Brachycephalic",
"Doliocephalic",
"Plagiocephaly"
] | C | Type of skull cephalic index race Dolicocephalic 70-75 Aryans, aborigines and Negroes Mesaticephalic 75- 80 Europeans and Indians Brachycephalic 80-85 Mongolians Ref: FORENSIC MEDICINE AND TOXICOLOGY Dr PC IGNATIUS THIRD EDITION PAGE NO 67 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hemoglobin electrophoresis is based on | [
"molecular weight",
"charge",
"solubility",
"calorimetric properties"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e. charge Each of the major hemoglobin types has an electrical charge of a different degree, so the most useful method for separating and measuring normal and abnormal hemoglobins is electrophoresis. This process involves subjecting hemoglobin components from dissolved red blood cells to an electric field... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The usual voltage of alpha rhythm is | [
"5 mv",
"10 mv",
"50 mv",
"100 mv"
] | C | Alpha waves are neural oscillations in the frequency range of 8-12 Hz arising from the synchronous and coherent (in phase or constructive) electrical activity of thalamic pacemaker cells in humans. Ref: guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology 12 edition page number: 818,819,820 | train | med_mcqa | null |
In which of the following condition is KF ring observed? | [
"Wilson's disease",
"Cataract",
"Glaucoma",
"Hemochromatosis"
] | A | Kayser Fleischer is frequently seen in patients with Wilson's disease. KF rings occur due to excess deposition of copper sulfur complexes in the Descemet's membrane of cornea. It is of gold, brown or green in colour. Ring formation is first evident on the superior aspect of the cornea then in the inferior aspect, follo... | train | med_mcqa | null |
HLA Complex in man is located on chromosome: | [
"5",
"6",
"7",
"8"
] | B | 6 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following drug has uricosuric action? | [
"Nifedipine",
"Amlodipine",
"Atenolol",
"Carvedilol"
] | B | Amlodipine, losaan & fenofibrate have mild uricosuric action. Benzbromarone is new uricosuric drug. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Inveed papilloma of nose arise from | [
"Nasal septum",
"Roof of the nose",
"Tip of the nose",
"Lateral wall of the nose"
] | D | Inveed papilloma of noise arises from the lateral wall of the nose in the middle meatus. It presents with nasal obstruction, nasal discharge and epistaxis. It may also extend to invade sinuses or orbit. Orbital involvement causes proptosis, diplopia and lacrimation. Ref: Textbook of diseases of ENT; PL Dhingra; 7th edi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which virus families has double stranded DNA in four different isomers? | [
"Poxviruses",
"Herpesviruses",
"Rabiesviruses",
"Orthomyxoviruses"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is most common haemoglobinopathy | [
"Thalassemia",
"Sickle cell anemia",
"Haemoglobin C",
"Spherocytosis"
] | B | On deoxygenation, HbS molecules form long polymers by means of intermolecular contacts that involve the abnormal valine residue at position 6. These polymers disto the red cell, which assumes an elongated crescentic, or sickle, shape (Fig. 11-3). The sickling of red cells initially is reversible upon reoxygenation. How... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 32-year old adult male broke the jaw of another in an alleged fight. The investigating police officer : | [
"Can arrest him only after procuring warrant",
"Can arrest him without warrant",
"May declare him hostile and put him in jail",
"May declare him sociopath and send him to mental asylum"
] | B | Ans. b. Can arrest him without warrant (Ref: Parikh 6/e p1.46, 6.27: Reddy 33/e p292, 31st/e p265-273)Fracture or dislocation of mandible is a 'Grievous injury for which punishment is defined under IPC325. It is a 'cognizable offence' hence a police officer can arrest the accused without warrant."Cognisable offence: An... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The immunity responsible for to control epidemic spread of a pathogen | [
"Innate immunity",
"Active acquired immunity",
"Herd immunity",
"Passive natural immunity"
] | C | Herd immunity-
Overall immunity of a community to a pathogen
If Herd immunity is good- chance of epidemic is less
Eradication of a communicable disease- depends on good Herd immunity
Provided by mass vaccination by live vaccination to all individual at same time. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Indication of Acyclovir in pregnancy : | [
"Disseminated herpes",
"Chicken-pox in first trimester",
"Prophylaxis in recurrent herpes",
"All of the above"
] | D | All of the above | train | med_mcqa | null |
Laser pulpotomy uses: | [
"Nd:YAG laser",
"Er:YAG laser.",
"Co2",
"Cr:YSGG"
] | A | Nd: YAG laser has 100% success rate. | train | med_mcqa | null |
In T.B/ a ‘case’ is” | [
"Cough",
"Mantoux positive",
"Sputum positive",
"X-ray positive"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Osteoporosis is an ADR of which antidiabetic? | [
"Metformin",
"Glibenclamide",
"Pioglitazone",
"Acarbose"
] | C | Risk of osteoporosis is high for glitazone users when compared to people who are on other anti diabetic drugs. Ref: KD Tripathi 8th ed. | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are sources of vitamin A except: | [
"Egg",
"Milk",
"Sunflower seeds",
"Tomato"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Sunflower seeds | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 75-year-old man has experienced headaches for the past 2 months. On physical examination, his vital signs are temperature, 37deg C; pulse, 68/min; respirations, 15/min; and blood pressure, 130/85 mm Hg. His right temporal artery is prominent, palpable, and painful to the touch. His heart rate is regular, and there ar... | [
"Blindness",
"Gangrene of the toes",
"Hemoptysis",
"Malignant hypertension"
] | A | Giant cell (temporal) arteritis typically involves large to medium-sized external carotid artery branches in the head (especially temporal arteries), but also vertebral and ophthalmic arteries. The involvement of the latter can affect vision. Because the involvement of the kidney, lung, and peripheral arteries of the e... | train | med_mcqa | null |
If bih rate of a sub-centre of population 5000 is 25/1000 then expected no. of pregnancies in a year will be: | [
"69",
"125",
"138",
"150"
] | C | Expected no. of live bihs (Y)/year = Bih rate (per 1000 population) x population of the area /1000 As some pregnancies may not result in a live bih (i.e. aboions and stillbihs may occur), the expected number of live bihs would be an under-estimation of the total number of pregnancies. Hence, a correction factor of 10% ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The following diseases have a defect in DNA repair mechanism except for | [
"Xeroderma pigmentosum",
"Huntington’s disease",
"Fanconi syndrome",
"Hereditary non polyposis colon cancer"
] | B | Inherited autosomal recessive syndromes of defective DNA repair
Ataxia Telangiectasia
Bloom syndrome
Fanconi anaemia
Xeroderma pigmentosum
Hereditary Nonpolyposis cancer
Huntington’s disease is an example of trinucleotide repeat disorders | train | med_mcqa | null |
In children below age of 8 years, high Level of cranio-facial disjunction of Lefort III classification is rarely seen because: | [
"Children in that age group really get affected by such traumatic incidence",
"Facial skeleton is covered with thick soft tissue",
"There is lack of poorly developed ethmoidal & sphenoidal sin us",
"The line of demarcation between medullary & cortical bone is less evident"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about hyaline cailage: | [
"Hyaline cailage covers the aicular surface of Synol joints.",
"Hyaline cailage is present in all synol joints",
"Aicular cailage may undergo ossification with aging",
"Aicular cailage limits the mobility of the joint"
] | A | A i.e. Hyaline cailage covers the aicular surface of synol joint- Aicular cailage is devoid of nerves, blood vessels, perichondrium & ossification. Aicular cailage is devoid of perichondrium & there is no ossification. Aicular cailage is devoid of nerve & vessels.Aicular cailage of most (not all) synol jointsQ, costal ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
When noting condylar guidance , the incisal pin should be: | [
"In contact with guidance table.",
"Out of contact.",
"The cuspal inclines.",
"None of the above."
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Following instruments are used in: | [
"Root apex filling",
"Perforation repair",
"Root canal filling",
"All of the above"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Histocompatibility complex associated with narcolepsy - | [
"DR2",
"DR3",
"DR4",
"B4"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which level of prevention is applicable in a population without any risk factor | [
"Primordial prevention",
"Primary prevention",
"Secondary prevention",
"Tertiary prevention"
] | A | It is the prevention of the emergence or development of risk factors in countries or population groups in which they have not yet appeared. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Pseudo buboes are found in - | [
"Chancroid",
"LGV",
"Granuloma inguinale",
"All of the above"
] | C | Ans-C | train | med_mcqa | null |
Mc Gregor line and Trapnell lines are seen in? | [
"PNS View",
"PA View",
"SMV View",
"Lateral View"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Active and passive immunity should be given together in all except: | [
"Tetanus",
"Rabies",
"Measles",
"Hepatitis B"
] | C | - Measles vaccine efficacy is reduced by concurrent administration of measles immunoglobulin. - Measles vaccine alone gives quite good (immunity) level of protection. - Hence we avoid giving Measles Immunoglobulin alongwith measles vaccine. - For tetanus, rabies & Hep B vaccination & Ig can be given together. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Best tome for surgery of hypospadias is | [
"1 - 4 months age",
"6 - 18 months age",
"12 - 18 months age",
"2 - 4 months age"
] | B | Best time for suegery of hypospadias is 6 - 18 months > 6 - 10 months of age. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Extra calories required during pregnancy state is: March 2010 | [
"100 kcal/day",
"200 kcal/day",
"300 kcal/day",
"400 kcal/day"
] | C | Ans. C: 300 kcal/day Extra calories requirement: During pregnancy:+300 kcal During first 6 months of lactation:+550 kcal During next 6 months of lactation:+400 kcal | train | med_mcqa | null |
Genes involved in the development of colon carcinoma includes all of the following, except: | [
"APC",
"DPC4",
"K-ras",
"Mismatch Repair Genes"
] | B | DPC4 gene is on chromosome 18q, inactivation of this gene is associated with the development of pancreatic cancer. DPC4 gene encodes for a protein Smad4, which is involved in transforming growth factor beta signaling. APC gene, Beta-Catenin gene, K-ras mutation and Mismatch repair genes all are involved in the developm... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which component transfers four protonsa) NADH-Q oxidoreductaseb) Cytochrome-C oxidasec) Cytochrome C - Q oxidoreductased) Isocitrate dehydrogenasee) Succinate Q reductase | [
"ac",
"bc",
"ad",
"b"
] | A | NADH-Q oxidoreductase & 'c' i.e., Cytochrome C - Q oxidoredictase
Complex I (NADH-CoQ reductase) and complex in (CoQ - cytochrome c reductase) pump 4 protons each and complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase) pumps 2 protons. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which step in TCA cycle is irreversible? | [
"Succinate thiokinase",
"Alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase",
"ISO citrate dehydrogenase",
"Aconitase"
] | B | Ans. (b) Alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenaseRef: Harper's Biochemistry 28/e, ch-9, p 306 | train | med_mcqa | null |
In a village with population of 5000, 50 people have a disease and 10 of them died. What is case fatality rate? | [
"1%",
"2%",
"0.50%",
"20%"
] | D | .case fatality rate is the total number of deaths due to a paicular disease divided by total number of cases due to the same disease ,total multiplied by 100.it represents the killing power of a disease.it is simply the ratio of deaths to cases.the time interval is not specified. here it is 10 by 50 multiplied by 100 e... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 24-yrs-old male, who has been having fever for 15 days, starts having acute pain and distension of abdomen. Abdominal examination reveals generalized tenderness with guarding. The most likely diagnosis is: | [
"Acute appendicitis",
"Acute pancreatitis",
"Enteric perforation",
"Duodenal ulcer perforation"
] | C | The clinical picture described is classical of enteric perforation and peritonitis.
In enteric fever ulcers occur in intestine, which may perforate if not treated properly. This complication is seen in third or fourth week of fever. It is a life threatening complication and urgent medical and surgical intervention is r... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Fetal pulmonary maturity can be evaluated by phospholipids' activity in amniotic fluid. In which of the following pregnancies does the fetus have the least chance of developing respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)? | [
"Normal pregnancy: amniotic fluid L/S is 1.8:1, phosphatidyl glycerol (PG) is absent",
"Diabetic pregnancy: amniotic fluid L/S is 2:1, PG is absent",
"Diabetic pregnancy: amniotic fluid L/S is 2:1, PG is present.",
"All of the above"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
True regarding epithelial cells are: | [
"Upper respiratory tract is lined by keratinized epithelium",
"Abundant goblet cells are present in ureter epithelium",
"Sebaceous glands appear from epithelium in scalp",
"Epithelium is surrounded by single layered membrane"
] | C | Ref: The Developing Human Clinically Oriented Embryology,8th edition. Page 441 and Histology A Text and Atlas, Michael H.Ross, 6th edition. Pages 134, 666 and 725Explanation:Sebaceous glands develop as buds from the sides of developing epithelial root sheaths of hair follicles.The glandular buds grow into the surroundi... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Bilateral 'Spider leg sign' on IVP suggestive of : | [
"Renal stone",
"Polycystic kidney",
"Hypernephroma",
"Hydronephrosis"
] | B | - Bilateral 'Spider leg sign' indicates Polycystic Kidney(ADPKD). | train | med_mcqa | null |
Inter globular dentin results due to: | [
"Failure of coalescence of calcospherites",
"Fracture of the dentin",
"Artifact in light microscopy",
"Disturbance in dentinal tubules"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
&;Kiss cancer&; of the Urinary Bladder is: | [
"Highly malignant",
"Malignant",
"Benign",
"Pre-malignant"
] | C | Benign Papillary Tumour: &;Kiss cancer&;: Papillary tumour with daughter implantation. The papilloma consists of a single frond with a central vascular core with villi; it looks like a red sea anemone. Inveed papilloma is a condition in which the proliferative cells penetrate under normal mucosa so that the lesion is c... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Drug of choice in herpes simplex encephalitis is : | [
"Acyclovir",
"Vidarabine",
"Interferon",
"Amantadine"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Vegetations on undersurface ofA. V. valves are found in - | [
"Acute Rheumatic carditis",
"Limban Sack's endocarditis",
"Non thrombotic bacterial endocarditis",
"Chronic rheumatic carditis"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Perimetry is a test to assess the: | [
"Visual acuity",
"Intraocular pressure",
"Visual field",
"Depth of the anterior chamber"
] | C | Ans. Visual field | train | med_mcqa | null |
Labour is said to be prolonged when duration of latent stage of labour crosses: | [
"12 hours",
"18 hours",
"20 hours",
"36 hours"
] | C | labour pattern nullipara multipara prolonged latent phase >20 hrs >14 hrs protracted active phase dilatation <1.2 cm/hr <1.5 cm/hr protracted descent <1 cm/hr <2 cm/hr arrest of dilatation >2 hr >2 hr arrest of descent >1 hr >1 hr | train | med_mcqa | null |
Bladder develops from | [
"Ectoderm",
"Mesoderm",
"Endoderm",
"Neural crest cell"
] | C | Ref Human embryology Inderbier singh 10 th edition Page no 292 The epithelium of urinary bladder devolep from cranial pa of vesicourethral canal (endoderm). The epithelium trigone of baldder is absorbed from absorbed mesonephric ducts(mesoderm) The muscular and serous wall of the oragab are derived fron spalnchnopleuri... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Vasodilator Nitric oxide is derived from which of the following: | [
"Proline",
"Histidine",
"Arginine",
"Lysine"
] | C | Derivatives of amino acids Proline is conveed to glutamate (by a series of steps) and then transaminated to alpha-ketoglutarate Histidine on decarboxylation, gives the corresponding amine i.e. histamine Arginine is the substrate for the production of nitric oxide (NO) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Cardiomegaly is seen in - | [
"Multivalvular disease",
"Anemia",
"Pericardial effusion",
"All"
] | D | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Multivavular disease, 'b' i.e., Anemia, 'c' i.e., Pericardial effusion Causes of Cardiomegaly Myocardial disease o Endocardial fibroelastosis o Glycogen storage disease o Myocarditis (viral or idiopathic) Coronary aery diseases resulting in myocardial insufficiency o Anomalous origin of the left coron... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 45-year-old male presented with features of hypehermia, bronchodilatation, constipation and palpitations. he is likely to be suffering from the poisoning of | [
"OP compound",
"Oximes",
"Atropine",
"Mushroom"
] | C | Atropine produce dry skin, tachycardia or palpitations, bronchodilatation Ref: Goodman Gillman 11th ed pg 234-235 | train | med_mcqa | null |
HIV affects which of the following most commonly | [
"Helper cells",
"Suppressor cell",
"RBC's",
"Platelets"
] | A | Ref Robbins 9/e p246 The entry of HIV into cells requires the CD4 molecule, which acts as a high-affinity receptor for the virus (Fig. 4-27). This requirement explains the tropism of the virus for CD4+ T cells and its ability to infect other CD4+ cells, paicularly macrophages and DCs. However, binding to CD4 is not suf... | train | med_mcqa | null |
What is epiphora: September 2010 | [
"Eveed upper eyelid following surgery",
"CSF running through nose after injury",
"Abnormal flow of tears due to obstructed lacrimal duct",
"CSF running through ears after injury"
] | C | Ans. C: Abnormal flow of tears due to obstructed lacrimal duct Epiphora is overflow of tears onto the face. A clinical sign or condition that constitutes insufficient tear film drainage from the eyes in that tears will drain down the face rather than through the nasolacrimal system | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient presents with symptoms of cough, hemoptysis, and glomerulonephritis. His C-ANCA levels in serum were found to be raised. The most likely diagnosis is | [
"Goodpasteur's syndrome",
"Classic polyaeritis nodosa",
"Wegener's granulomatosis",
"Kawasaki syndrome"
] | C | Renal and pulmonary symptoms with positive c-ANCA suggest the diagnosis of Wegener&;s glomerulonephritis.The clinical syndrome of Wegner granulomatosis may be very similar to classical PAN or microscopic polyangiitis. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Investigation of choice for assessing a child with vesicoureteric reflux is: | [
"Antegrade IVP",
"Retrograde IVP",
"Micturating cystourethrogram",
"Cystoscopy"
] | C | Ans. Micturating cystourethrogram | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is an anti apoptotic gene | [
"C_myc",
"P53",
"Bcl_2",
"Bax"
] | C | Ref : Harrison 17/e p506 ; Robbins 9/e p19 synthesize anti-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family, the two main ones of which are Bcl-2 itself and Bcl-xL. These proteins antagonize Bax and Bak, and thus limit the escape of the mitochondrial pro-apoptotic proteins. Cells deprived of growth factors not only activate the p... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which one of the following is NOT a feature of Kaagener&;s syndrome - | [
"Bronchiectasis",
"Ciliary dyskinesia",
"Pancreatic insufficiency",
"situs inversus"
] | C | Ref:Harsh Mohan - Textbook of Pathology, 6th Edition.page no.484 Immotile cilia syndrome that includes Kaagener's syndrome (bronchiectasis, situs inversus and sinusitis) is characterised by ultrastructural changes in the microtubules causing immotility of cilia(Ciliary dyskinesia) of the respiratory tract epithelium, s... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In each freshwater drowning the death occurs within 4-5 minutes of submersion due to ventricular fibrillation. Which of the following reasons is responsible for this? | [
"Total asphyxia is produced due to fresh water",
"Laryngospasm causing vagal inhibition",
"Haemoconcentration of blood caused by the osmotic pressure effect",
"Haemodilution, overloading of hea and haemolysis resulting in release of Potassium"
] | D | D i.e. Hemodilution, overloading of hea and hemolysis resulting in release of potassium | train | med_mcqa | null |
Giardiasis is associated with - | [
"Common variable immunodeficiency",
"C1 esterase deficiency",
"C8 deficiency",
"Anaemia"
] | A | G. lamblia is seen typically within the crypts in the duodenum. It does not invade tissues lead to mucus diarrhoea, dull epigastric pain and flatulence. The diarrhoea in some cases may be steatorrhoeic with excess mucus and fat, but no blood. The incubation period is variable, but is usually about 2 weeks. Enhanced sus... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Chain initiation in protein synthesis is by | [
"AUG",
"GLA",
"UGA",
"UAG"
] | A | Initiation codon AUG codes for methionine. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Kaposi sarcoma is commonly seen in - | [
"Upper limbs",
"Lower limbs",
"Head and Neck",
"Trunk"
] | B | • DFSP is a low-grade sarcoma because it may recur locally but rarely metastasizes.
• Monomorphous, mononuclear, spindle cell lesion involving both dermis and subcutis.
• MC site: Trunk (50%) >Extremities (30%) >Head and neck (20%)
Pathology
• Large lesions often are associated with satellite nodules; Positive for CD34... | train | med_mcqa | null |
20 years old female with complaints of nausea, vomiting, dizziness and pain in the legs. Her physical examination and all lab investigations and radiological investigations are normal. What would be the most probable diagnosis? | [
"Generalized anxiety disorder",
"Conversion disorder",
"Somatoform pain disorder",
"Somatisation disorder"
] | D | Here the patient presents with multiple, medically unexplained symptoms (MUS). This is an example of Somatisation Disorder. In somatoform pain disorder the major symptom will be unexplained chronic pain, which is usually isolated. Patients have a long history of complaints of severe pain out of propoion to any biomedic... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which is used for calculation of ejection fraction? | [
"MUGA",
"SPECT using thallium 201",
"PET myocardial perfusion imaging",
"Sestamibi scan with pharmacological stress"
] | A | Nuclear Imaging of hea: MUGA scan (Multi-gated acquisition scan): Tc 99m labeled RBC is used Evaluate ventricular function / ejection fraction- Cardiac ventriculography (but most accurate investigation for ventricular function is -MRI) Tc99m labeled RBC is very sensitive investigation for detecting minimal lower GIT bl... | train | med_mcqa | null |
GE junction tumor is: | [
"Siewe type I",
"Siewe type II",
"Siewe type III",
"Siewe type IV"
] | B | Siewe Classification Type Adenocarcinoma of Location Type I Distal esophagus 1-5 cm above cardia Type II Real Cardia 1 cm above and 2 cm below cardia Types III Sub-Cardial Stomach 2-5 cm below cardia Type III generally have a worse prognosis. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Lepromin test is strongly positive in | [
"LT (Lepromatous leprosy)",
"TB (Tuberculoid type)",
"BL (Borderline lepromatous)",
"BB (Borderline tuberculoid)"
] | B | Ans. b (TB (Tuberculoid type)) (Ref. Park PSM 20th/158, 258; Ananthanarayan Microbiology 4th ed., 365))Rook's textbook of dermatology 29.1-29.19:Lepromin test is strongly positive in patient with good CMI, i.e., tuberculoid type, and gets weaker as one passes through the spectrum of lepromatous end, the typical leproma... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 34-year-old man complains of sudden attacks of dizziness, blurred vision, and excruciating headaches of 4 months in duration. During one of these attacks, his blood pressure was 180/120 mm Hg. The patient's father had been treated for thyroid cancer about 15 years ago. Laboratory studies show normal serum levels of a... | [
"Adrenal",
"Kidney",
"Parathyroid",
"Pituitary"
] | A | - Given clinical features suggests the diagnosis of Pheochromocytoma - Pheochromocytoma Arising from chromaffin cells of adrenal medulla that secretes catecholamines. Can originate in extra-adrenal sites - Paragangliomas. Clinical features are caused d/t release of catecholamines. - The other choices do not include tum... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Organelle which plays a pivotal role in apoptosis is: | [
"Cytoplasm",
"Golgi complex",
"Mitochondria",
"Nucleus"
] | C | Programmed cell death is a central feature of normal tissue development and turnover and can be triggered by extrinsic signals (including cytotoxic T cells and inflammatory cytokines),or intrinsic pathways (including DNA damage and intracellular stress). Mitochondria play a central role in the intrinsic pathway of apop... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common site of salivary gland stone | [
"Submandibular gland",
"Parotid gland",
"Sublingual gland",
"Minor salivary glands"
] | A | Stones are common in submandibular gland due to thick secretions. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Early stage of trauma is characterized by: | [
"Catabolism",
"Anabolism",
"Glycogenesis",
"Lipogenesis"
] | A | Ans. (a) Catabolism* Initial phase of trauma is Phase of catabolism"# Begins at the time of injury and lasts 2-5 days# Stress hormones are released. | train | med_mcqa | null |
BIRAD-4 means the breast lump is | [
"Benign",
"Probably benign",
"Suspicious of malignancy",
"Malignant"
] | C | Answer-C. Suspicious of malignancyTo assist in risk stratification, the American College of Radiology has developed a Breast Imaging Repoing and Data System (BIRADS) to standardize the criteria by which mamographic abnormalities are graded.The BIRADS score is provided to guide the surgeon toward the likelihood of malig... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Risk factor for Ca Cervix | [
"HPV",
"Smoking",
"Late Menarche",
"Nulliparity"
] | A | Ans. is a i.e. HPV; Smoking; and Early sexual intercourse | train | med_mcqa | null |
In a village of 5000 population, 50 persons suffered from cholera and 10 persons died. What will be the case fatality ratio? | [
"0.20%",
"1.00%",
"5.00%",
"20.00%"
] | D | .case fatality ratio is calculated as the total number of deaths due to a paicular disease divided by total number of cases due to the same disease ,whol;e multiplied by 100 that is 10/50 *100 equals 20% . | train | med_mcqa | null |
Normal cerebral blood flow is | [
"45 ml/min for every 100gm of brain tissue",
"55 ml/min for every 100gm of brain tissue",
"65 ml/min for every 100gm of brain tissue",
"75 ml/min for every 100gm of brain tissue"
] | B | Normal cerebral bloodflow (CBF) is about 55 mL per minute for every 100 gramsof brain tissue. Ischaemia results when this rate drops below20 mL per minute, and even lower levels will result in infarctionunless promptly corrected.Flow depends on cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), the difference between mean aerial press... | train | med_mcqa | null |
McArdle's disease causes muscle cramps and muscle fatigue with increased muscle glycogen. Which of the following enzymes is deficient? | [
"Hepatic hexokinase",
"Muscle glycogen synthetase",
"Muscle phosphorylase",
"Muscle hexokinase"
] | C | Muscle Phosphorylase deficiency leads to a glycogen storage disease and , in young adults, an inability to do strenuous physical work because of muscular cramps resulting from ischemia. The compromised phosphorylation of muscle glycogen characteristic of McArdle's disease compels the muscles to rely on auxiliary energy... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True About ostium premium ASD | [
"Results in right axis detion(RAD) on the ECG",
"Is seen in Holt-Oram syndrome",
"Less common form than secundum ASD",
"May be left to close spontaneously"
] | C | Ostium secondum defects are the most common type of ASD, and they are seen in Holt-Oram syndrome. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Typhoid perforation is diagnosed by- | [
"Plain X-ray of abdomen in erect posture",
"Rectal examination",
"Gastric aspiration",
"Barium enema"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
"Creola Bodies" in sputum are pathognomonic of - | [
"Bronchial Asthma",
"Chronic Bronchitis",
"Bronchogenic Carcinoma",
"Pulmonary Tuberculosis"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Area under normal curve within +- 1SD (standard detion)- | [
"0.68",
"0.17",
"0.12",
"0.34"
] | A | Ref:Parks 23rd edition pg 849. +/-1sd includes 68% i.e . 0.68 1SD : confidence limit = 68% 2SD : confidence limit = 95% 3SD : confidence limit = 99.7% | train | med_mcqa | null |
About test of significance between two large population, one of the following statements is true - | [
"Null hypothesis states that 2 means are equal",
"Standard error of difference is the sum of the standard error of 2 means",
"Standard error of means are equal",
"Standard error of difference between populations calculated"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
The characteristic lesion of atherosclerosis is | [
"Fibrinoid necrosis of the media",
"Giant cell reaction in the retina and internal elastic lamina",
"Organised thrombus in the affected segment",
"'Fibro-fatty' lesion in the intima of the blood vessels"
] | D | Atherosclerosis is a intima based lesion composed of a fibrous cap and an atheromatous core: the constituents of the plaque include smooth muscle cells, ECMs, inflammatory cells, lipids and necrotic debris Robbins 9th edition page no 343 | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about Bence-Jones protein: | [
"Made of light chain",
"Reappears at 100degC",
"Dissolve at 100degC",
"Amyloid light chain in urine"
] | A | Bence Jones proteins are made up of light chain consisting of either kappa or lambda light chains and also para proteins in the serum Reference textbook of Pathology 6th edition Author Harsha Mohan page number 383 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hepatic adaptation is caused by which antituberculous drug? | [
"INH",
"Rifambin",
"Pyrazinamide",
"Ethambutol"
] | A | Isoniazid sometimes cause asymptomatic transient elevation of aminotransferase levels termed hepatic adaptation. Ref: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Page 1374. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Reye's syndrome is diagnosed by using with stain - | [
"Reticulin stain",
"Oil-red-0 stain",
"PAS stain",
"Mustein stain"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Oil red 0 Staino Read following 2 facts :?1. "Oil red 0 stain is used to stain fat".2. "Characteristic histopathologic change in the cells in Rey's syndrome is fat accumulation. Glycogen is completely absent from the cells ".These changes are seen in the cells of liver, brain & kidneys.o So after comb... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Ergot alkaloids are used in all except - | [
"Migraine",
"Acromegaly",
"Hypertension",
"Parkinsonism"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Hypertension Uses of ergot alkaloids1. Migraineo In migraine, throbbing headache is due to dilatation of pain sensitive arteries outside the brain, i.e. extracerebral vessels.o Ergot alkaloids are vasoconstrictor (due to a agonistic action) and oppose these effects,o Ergot alkaloids used in migraine -... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A male child of 15 years with a mental age of 9 years has an IQ of – | [
"50",
"60",
"70",
"80"
] | B | The Intelligence Quotient a.Q.) is calculated according to the formula : | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are cofactors for Branched chain ketoacid dehydrogenase, EXCEPT | [
"FAD",
"Lipoamide",
"NADP",
"Thiamin pyrophosphate"
] | C | Thiamin pyrophosphate (Vit B1), Lipoic Acid, Coenzyme A (B5), FAD (Vitamin B2) and NAD+ (Vitamin B3) are required as cofactors for the following 3 enzymes, Pyruvate dehydrogenase a-keto glutarate dehydrogenase Branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase All these 3 enzymes are multienzyme complexes of three different enzyme... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is true about oral therapy for iron deficiency anemia? | [
"In 300 mg elemental iron given, 100 mg gets absorbed",
"Reticulocytosis appears in one to 2 weeks and then peaks in 3-4 weeks",
"Response to treatment stas appearing in 4 weeks",
"Decrease in absorption occurs with improvement of symptoms"
] | D | Discussing about the options one by one, a. Only 10% of the iron given by oral route gets absorbed.- so option 1 is wrong b. Reticulocytosis appears in 48-72 hours, peaking at 5-7 days - so option 2 is wrong c. Clinical response to treatment appears within 24 hours - so option 3 is wrong d. The normalization of body ir... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The following anticancer drug is naturally obtained from plants? | [
"Cisplatin",
"Tretinoin",
"Vincristine",
"Omalizumab"
] | C | Naturally obtained anticancer drugs are vinca alkaloids, taxanes, L-Asparginase, and camptothecins.Ref: Sharma and Sharma 3rd ed /Pg: 866 | train | med_mcqa | null |
The diagnostic criteria as proposed by FLINTER for Alpo syndrome has all the features, EXCEPT: | [
"Positive family history",
"Typical changes in renal biopsy specimen",
"High tone sensorineural deafness",
"Cardiovascular changes"
] | D | Diagnostic criteria for classical X-linked Alpo syndrome. At least three of the following four criteria must be fulfilled for a diagnosis of Alpo syndrome to be made clinically: In a patient with microscopic hematuria A positive family history of hematuria with or without chronic renal failure. Typical ultrastructural ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
which one of the following congenital malformation of the fetus can be diagnosed in first trimester by ultrasound : | [
"Anencephaly",
"lnencephaly",
"Microcephaly",
"Holoprosencephaly"
] | A | Anencephaly is defined as absence of the cranial vault and is incompatible with life.This was the first anomaly to be detected on USG and pregnancy to be terminated.It is usually diagnosed by 12 weeks (first trimester)of pregnancy on USG.There is a typical frog's eye apperanace on USG. Refer page no 487 of Text book of... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Unloading of oxygen to tissues cells by oxy-Hb is assisted by | [
"Bohr-affect",
"2-3 diphosphoglycerate",
"Low PO2 and high PCO2 in tissues",
"All of the above"
] | D | Bohr effect: A shift of the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve to the right in response to increases in blood carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions enhances the release of oxygen from blood in the tissues and enhances oxygenation of the blood in the lungs. This is called the Bohr effect. 2,3 - DPG: In hypoxic conditions t... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All predispose to thrombosis except - | [
"Homocystinuria",
"PNH",
"Polycythemia",
"Hypomagnesemia"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Hypomagnesemia | train | med_mcqa | null |
Socrates was killed by which poisoning - | [
"Cyanide",
"Conium",
"Strychnine",
"Dhatura"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Conium o Conium (Hemlock) was used to kill socrates.Important facts about poisoningo Poison retarding putrefaction : Strychnine (nox vomica), carbolic acid, heavy metals (like arsenic), and zinc chloride.o Poison causing proximal tubular necrosis: Lead, mercury, arsenic, cadmium, bismuth, phenol (carb... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Highest amount of iron is seen in - | [
"Milk",
"Meat",
"Spinach",
"Jagger"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Meat"Red meat is the richest source of iron" - Acle | train | med_mcqa | null |
Incidence rate of lung cancer among smokers is 8 per 1000 and among non-smokers is 1 per 1000. Population attributable risk is - | [
"89%",
"95%",
"10%",
"100%"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 89% Population attributable risk (PAR) o It is the incidence of disease (or death) in the total population minus the incidence of disease (or death) among those who are not exposed. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Disease spreading through water is: | [
"Hepatitis B",
"Hepatitis C",
"HIV",
"Typhoid"
] | D | Ans: d (Typhoid) Ref: Park, 19 ed, p. 571This is a direct pick from park.Water related disease are:BiologicalChemicalBiological1) Presence of infectious agent:Viral-Bacteria-Protozoa-Helminth-Leptospiral-Hep ATyphoidAmoebiasisRoundwormWeils diseaseHepEParatyphoidGiardiasisthreadworm Polio,Cholera hydatid disease RotaE.... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 20 yr old male presents with anterior shoulder dislocation. The injury is usually caused as a combination of which of the following ? | [
"Abduction and external rotation",
"Adduction and external rotation",
"Abduction and internal rotation",
"Adduction and internal rotation"
] | A | Anterior shoulder dislocation Indirect force -abduction, external rotation, extebtion Direct force -blow from posterior aspect of shoulder Most common mechanism for injury of anterior dislocation of shoulder is fall on outstretched hand Refer Maheshwari 6th/e p 89 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.