playlist stringclasses 160
values | file_name stringlengths 9 102 | content stringlengths 29 329k |
|---|---|---|
MIT_8333_Statistical_Mechanics_I_Statistical_Mechanics_of_Particles_Fall_2013 | 17_Interacting_Particles_Part_3.txt | The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high quality educational resources for free. To make a donation or view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. PROFESSOR: And to this purpo... |
MIT_8333_Statistical_Mechanics_I_Statistical_Mechanics_of_Particles_Fall_2013 | 25_Ideal_Quantum_Gases_Part_4.txt | The following content is provided under a Creative Commons license. Your support will help MIT OpenCourseWare continue to offer high-quality educational resources for free. To make a donation or view additional materials from hundreds of MIT courses, visit MIT OpenCourseWare at ocw.mit.edu. PROFESSOR: Last time, we loo... |
TEDEd_Politics | 미국_정부의_권력은_어떻게_나뉘어져_있을까벨린다_스터츠만Belinda_Stutzman.txt | Translator: Andrea McDonough Reviewer: Bedirhan Cinar Have you ever wondered who has the authority to make laws or punish people who break them? When we think of power in the United States, we usually think of the President, but he does not act alone. In fact, he is only one piece of the power puzzle and for very good ... |
TEDEd_Politics | 당신의_투표는_중요한가요_대통령_선거인단에_대한_설명_크리스티나_그리어.txt | Translator: tom carter Reviewer: Bedirhan Cinar Most people have heard of the Electoral College during presidential election years. But what exactly is the Electoral College? Simply said, it is a group of people appointed by each state who formally elect the President and Vice President of the United States. To underst... |
TEDEd_Politics | 지폐에_가치를_주는_것은_무엇일까_Doug_Levinson.txt | If you tried to pay for something with a piece of paper, you might run into some trouble. Unless, of course, the piece of paper was a hundred dollar bill. But what is it that makes that bill so much more interesting and valuable than other pieces of paper? After all, there's not much you can do with it. You can't eat i... |
TEDEd_Politics | 공화당을_탄생시킨_법안_벤_라바리_주니어.txt | Today when people complain about the state of American politics, they often mention the dominance of the Democratic and Republican Parties, or the sharp split between red and blue states. But while it may seem like both of these things have been around forever, the situation looked quite different in 1850, with the Rep... |
TEDEd_Politics | 독립선언서에_대해_여러분이_모를_수도_있는_것_키네스_C_데이비스_Kenneth_C_Davis.txt | "All men are created equal and they are endowed with the rights to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness." Not so fast, Mr. Jefferson! These words from the Declaration of Independence, and the facts behind them, are well known. In June of 1776, a little more than a year after the war against England began with the... |
TEDEd_Politics | How_to_understand_power_Eric_Liu.txt | Every day of your life, you move through systems of power that other people made. Do you sense them? Do you understand power? Do you realize why it matters? Power is something we are often uncomfortable talking about. That's especially true in civic life, how we live together in community. In a democracy, power is supp... |
Government_Declassified | How_does_impeachment_work_Alex_Gendler.txt | For most jobs, it's understood that you can be fired, whether for crime, incompetence, or just poor performance. But what if your job happens to be the most powerful position in the country, or the world? That's where impeachment comes in. Impeachment isn't the same as actually removing someone from office. Like an ind... |
Government_Declassified | 매카시즘은_무엇이고_어떻게_생겨났을까요_엘렌_슈레커Ellen_Schrecker.txt | Imagine that one day, you're summoned before a government panel. Even though you haven't committed any crime, or been formally charged with one, you are repeatedly questioned about your political views, accused of disloyalty, and asked to incriminate your friends and associates. If you don't cooperate, you risk jail o... |
Government_Declassified | Why_is_it_so_hard_to_escape_poverty_AnnHelén_Bay.txt | Imagine that you’ve been unemployed and seeking work for months. Government benefit programs have helped you cover rent, utilities, and food, but you're barely getting by. Finally, you hear back about a job application. You receive your first paycheck in months, and things seem to be turning around. But there’s a catc... |
Government_Declassified | Whats_the_best_country_to_live_in.txt | What’s the best country in the world to live in? Is it the one with the best food? The longest life expectancy? The best weather? For the past 70 years, most governments have relied heavily on a single number to answer that question. This number influences elections, the stock market, and government policy. But it w... |
Government_Declassified | The_movement_that_inspired_the_Holocaust_Alexandra_Minna_Stern_and_Natalie_Lira.txt | As a new widow, Sarah Rosas Garcia was already struggling to support her nine children when her oldest daughter was picked up by local authorities. Andrea Garcia had been accused of skipping school and being sexually promiscuous, so the authorities responsible for juvenile delinquents committed her to a state hospita... |
Government_Declassified | 미국에서_투표권의_투쟁닉키_비멘_그리핀Nicki_Beaman_Griffin.txt | When the next general election rolls around, who will be eligible to show up at the polls and vote for the President of the United States? It's really pretty simple. If you are at least 18 years old, a citizen of the U.S., and a resident of a state, you can vote, assuming, that is, you are not a felon. Seems about righ... |
Government_Declassified | What_happened_when_these_6_dictators_took_over_Stephanie_Honchell_Smith.txt | According to legend, the ancient Roman statesman Cincinnatus was plowing his fields when news arrived that the Aequi, Rome’s powerful enemy to the east, had invaded. Rome was in need of swift, decisive action, and the senate had chosen him to serve as dictator, with absolute power over the military and government. Cinc... |
Government_Declassified | The_Nazis_recruited_to_win_the_Cold_War_Brian_Crim.txt | In May of 1945, the Third Reich was in chaos. Adolf Hitler was dead, German surrender was imminent, and Allied troops had already begun divvying up German territory. But high-ranking Nazi engineer Wernher von Braun wasn’t worried. In fact, he approached the US government directly— informing them of his location and wai... |
Government_Declassified | 미국_정부의_권력은_어떻게_나뉘어져_있을까벨린다_스터츠만Belinda_Stutzman.txt | Translator: Andrea McDonough Reviewer: Bedirhan Cinar Have you ever wondered who has the authority to make laws or punish people who break them? When we think of power in the United States, we usually think of the President, but he does not act alone. In fact, he is only one piece of the power puzzle and for very good ... |
Government_Declassified | How_do_executive_orders_work_Christina_Greer.txt | On January 1, 1863, Abraham Lincoln legally changed the status of over 3 million enslaved blacks across ten states from slave to free. His Emancipation Proclamation wasn't a law, or a presidential decree. It was an executive order. The framers of the American Constitution made the power of executive order available to... |
Government_Declassified | 미국_대통령직_만들기_케네스_데이비스Kenneth_C_Davis.txt | Transcriber: Andrea McDonough Reviewer: Bedirhan Cinar The Oval Office, Inauguration Day, Rose Garden signings, and secret service agents with dark sunglasses and cool wrist radios. For a moment, forget all of it. Toss out everything you know about the President. Now, start over. What would you do if you had to invent ... |
Government_Declassified | The_dark_history_of_the_Chinese_Exclusion_Act_Robert_Chang.txt | After 12 years living in California, Chinese citizen Chae Chan Ping was ready for a visit home. He procured the necessary documents for his departure and return journey, and set sail for China, where he spent the next year reconnecting with friends and family. But when he returned to San Francisco on October 8th, 18... |
Government_Declassified | 당신의_투표는_중요한가요_대통령_선거인단에_대한_설명_크리스티나_그리어.txt | Translator: tom carter Reviewer: Bedirhan Cinar Most people have heard of the Electoral College during presidential election years. But what exactly is the Electoral College? Simply said, it is a group of people appointed by each state who formally elect the President and Vice President of the United States. To underst... |
Government_Declassified | Which_voting_system_is_the_best_Alex_Gendler.txt | Imagine we want to build a new space port at one of four recently settled Martian bases, and are holding a vote to determine its location. Of the hundred colonists on Mars, 42 live on West Base, 26 on North Base, 15 on South Base, and 17 on East Base. For our purposes, let’s assume that everyone prefers the space p... |
Government_Declassified | 모의_법정_역사_대_리처드_닉슨_사건_알렉스_겐들러.txt | The presidency of the United States of America is often said to be one of the most powerful positions in the world. But of all the U.S. presidents accused of misusing that power, only one has left office as a result. Does Richard Nixon deserve to be remembered for more than the scandal that ended his presidency? Find o... |
Government_Declassified | What_few_people_know_about_the_program_that_saved_America_Meg_Jacobs.txt | In 1932, the Great Depression entered its third winter. One in four Americans was unemployed, marking the highest unemployment rate in the country’s history. Tens of thousands had lost their homes and life savings, and there was very little confidence that Republican President Herbert Hoover could turn things around. ... |
Government_Declassified | How_does_money_laundering_work_Delena_D_Spann.txt | As one of the most notorious gangsters in history, Al Capone presided over a vast and profitable empire of organized crime. When he was finally put on trial, the most he could be convicted of was tax evasion. The nearly $100 million a year, that's 1.4 billion in today's currency, that Capone had earned from illegal gam... |
Government_Declassified | How_to_prevent_political_corruption_Stephanie_Honchell_Smith.txt | On October 23, 2015, Mcebisi Jonas, South Africa’s deputy finance minister, faced a harrowing, yet enticing, decision. He had thought he was attending a normal business meeting but ended up in the home of the powerful Gupta family, sitting with the Gupta brothers and the president, Jacob Zuma’s, son. Jonas was offered ... |
Government_Declassified | Why_are_US_cities_still_so_segregated_Kevin_EhrmanSolberg_and_Kirsten_Delegard.txt | On October 21st, 1909, 125 residents of an affluent Minneapolis neighborhood approached William Simpson, who’d just bought a plot in the area, and told him to leave. The Simpsons would be the second Black family in the otherwise white neighborhood, where they intended to build a home. When the Simpsons refused offe... |
Government_Declassified | 지폐에_가치를_주는_것은_무엇일까_Doug_Levinson.txt | If you tried to pay for something with a piece of paper, you might run into some trouble. Unless, of course, the piece of paper was a hundred dollar bill. But what is it that makes that bill so much more interesting and valuable than other pieces of paper? After all, there's not much you can do with it. You can't eat i... |
Government_Declassified | Do_tax_cuts_stimulate_the_economy_Jonathan_Smith.txt | When President Ronald Reagan began his first term in 1981, the US economy was struggling. Unemployment rates were high and getting higher, and in 1979, inflation had peaked at an all-time high for peacetime. In an effort to combat these issues, Reagan's administration introduced a number of economic policies, includin... |
Government_Declassified | 역사_대_블리디미르_레닌알렉스_젠들러_Alex_Gendler.txt | He was one of the most influential figures of the 20th century, forever changing the course of one of the world's largest countries. But was he a hero who toppled an oppressive tyranny or a villain who replaced it with another? It's time to put Lenin on the stand in History vs. Lenin. "Order, order, hmm. Now, wasn't it... |
Government_Declassified | Is_inequality_inevitable.txt | In South Africa, one of the most unequal countries in the world, the richest one-tenth of 1%, owns almost 30% of all the country’s wealth, more than double what the bottom 90% owns. Income and wealth inequality are not new. In fact, economists and historians who’ve charted economic inequality throughout history haven... |
Government_Declassified | Picture_a_perfect_society_What_does_it_look_like_Joseph_Lacey.txt | You and a group of strangers have been gathered to design a just society. And to ensure none of you rig the system to benefit yourself, you’ve all been placed under a “veil of ignorance.” Under this veil, you’re blind to certain information about each other and yourselves. You don’t know your age or sex, your professio... |
Government_Declassified | 역사_와_앤드류_잭슨_제임스_페스터.txt | A national hero? Or public enemy number one? Historical figures are often controversial, but few were as deified or vilified in their lifetime as the seventh President of the United States. This is History vs. Andrew Jackson. "Order, order, hm, uh, what were we...ah yes, Mr. Jackson! You stand accused of degrading the ... |
Government_Declassified | 미국_대법관은_어떻게_임명될까_피터_파콘Peter_Paccone.txt | There's a job out there with a great deal of power, pay, prestige, and near-perfect job security. And there's only one way to be hired: get appointed to the US Supreme Court. If you want to become a justice on the Supreme Court, the highest federal court in the United States, three things have to happen. You have to ... |
Government_Declassified | 평등_스포츠_그리고_타이틀_9_에린_버주비스_크리스틴_뉴홀.txt | Today lots of girls play sports. But, for a long time, girls were not encouraged to kick, throw, run, jump, shoot, slide, or hit like boys. So, why did things change? And how much have they changed? Are girls and boys treated equally when it comes to sports? To begin to answer these questions, we have to look back. In ... |
Government_Declassified | The_true_cost_of_gold_Lyla_Latif.txt | Gold is one of Earth’s most valuable resources, with one kilogram regularly valued at over 55,000 US dollars. In 2020, Mali produced an estimated 71.2 tons of gold. But Mali only saw $850 million from gold in 2020, when that amount is worth billions, not to mention that the country likely produced much more than the ... |
Government_Declassified | Is_capitalism_actually_broken.txt | Each one of these machines represents the economic system of a country. Every machine has three inputs: labor, people’s work. Capital, all the stuff that a business might use, including intangibles, like ideas. And natural resources. The machine converts these inputs into goods and services, and because we’re willing ... |
Government_Declassified | 아테네에서_민주주의의_진실한_의미는_무엇인가_Melissa_Schwartzberg.txt | Hey, congratulations! You've just won the lottery, only the prize isn't cash or a luxury cruise. It's a position in your country's national legislature. And you aren't the only lucky winner. All of your fellow lawmakers were chosen in the same way. This might strike you as a strange way to run a government, let alone ... |
Government_Declassified | What_causes_an_economic_recession_Richard_Coffin.txt | For millennia, the people of Britain had been using bronze to make tools and jewelry, and as a currency for trade. But around 800 BCE, that began to change: the value of bronze declined, causing social upheaval and an economic crisis— what we would call a recession today. What causes recessions? This question has lon... |
Government_Declassified | 공화당을_탄생시킨_법안_벤_라바리_주니어.txt | Today when people complain about the state of American politics, they often mention the dominance of the Democratic and Republican Parties, or the sharp split between red and blue states. But while it may seem like both of these things have been around forever, the situation looked quite different in 1850, with the Rep... |
Government_Declassified | 시위로_강력한_변화를_이끌어내는_방법에릭_리우_Eric_Liu.txt | We live in an age of protest. On campuses and public squares, on streets and social media, protesters around the world are challenging the status quo. Protest can thrust issues onto the national or global agenda, it can force out tyrants, it can activate people who have long been on the sidelines of civic life. While p... |
Government_Declassified | 게리멘더링_들쭉날쭉한_경계선이_선거에_미치는_영향_크리스티나_그리어.txt | Transcriber: tom carter Reviewer: Bedirhan Cinar Most people have heard the word "gerrymandering" once or twice, probably during a presidential election. What exactly is gerrymandering? Essentially, it's the process of giving one political party an advantage over another political party by redrawing district lines. It'... |
Government_Declassified | Can_the_economy_grow_forever.txt | Let’s say you discover a magical gold coin that doubles every 25 years. 75 years later, you’d only have eight coins. But 1,000 years later, you’d have over a trillion. And in just 4,600 years, your gold coins would outweigh the observable universe. This periodic doubling is an example of exponential growth, and whil... |
Government_Declassified | Why_cant_governments_print_an_unlimited_amount_of_money_Jonathan_Smith.txt | In March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic rocked economies worldwide. Millions of people lost their jobs, and many businesses struggled to survive or shut down completely. Governments responded with some of the largest economic relief packages in history— the United States alone spent $2.2 trillion on a first round of re... |
Government_Declassified | 미국_헌법의_탄생_쥬디_월턴_Judy_Walton.txt | Transcriber: tom carter Reviewer: Bedirhan Cinar It is the spring of 1787. The Revolutionary War has been over for only six years, and the young United States is still struggling in its infancy. Uprisings, boundary disputes and the lack of a common vision all plague the newborn country. In an effort to steady this prec... |
Government_Declassified | The_story_behind_the_Boston_Tea_Party_Ben_Labaree.txt | Transcriber: Andrea McDonough Reviewer: Bedirhan Cinar You've probably heard of the Boston Tea Party, something about a bunch of angry colonists dressed as Native Americans throwing chests of tea into the water. But the story is far more complicated, filled with imperial intrigue, corporate crisis, smuggling, and the g... |
Government_Declassified | The_rise_of_modern_populism_Takis_S_Pappas.txt | In the mid-1970s, after decades of political turmoil, Greece finally seemed to be on the path to stability. With the introduction of a new constitution and negotiations underway to enter European institutions, many analysts expected Greek politics to follow the pattern of the larger Western world. Then in 1981, a ... |
Government_Declassified | 3분_권리장전_안내_벨린다_스터츠먼_Belinda_Stutzman.txt | Transcriber: tom carter Reviewer: Bedirhan Cinar The first 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution -- also known as the Bill of Rights -- were ratified or passed over 200 years ago. But even though they're a bit, well, old, these first 10 amendments are still the most debated and discussed section of our Constitution to... |
Government_Declassified | How_to_understand_power_Eric_Liu.txt | Every day of your life, you move through systems of power that other people made. Do you sense them? Do you understand power? Do you realize why it matters? Power is something we are often uncomfortable talking about. That's especially true in civic life, how we live together in community. In a democracy, power is supp... |
Government_Declassified | 배심원_제도에_일어나고_있는_일들_수자_토마스Suja_A_Thomas.txt | Dating back at least to the time of Socrates, some early societies decided that certain disputes, such as whether a person committed a particular crime, should be heard by a group of citizens. Several centuries later, trial by jury was introduced to England, where it became a fundamental feature of the legal system, c... |
TEDEd_World_History | Why_is_cotton_in_everything_Michael_R_Stiff.txt | Centuries ago, the Inca developed ingenuous suits of armor that could flex with the blows of sharp spears and maces, protecting warriors from even the fiercest physical attacks. These hardy structures were made not from iron or steel, but rather something unexpectedly soft: cotton. These thickly woven, layered qu... |
TEDEd_World_History | 히틀러는_어떻게_힘을_얻을_수_있었을까_알렉스_겐들러_안토니_하자드Alex_Gendler_Anthony_Hazard.txt | How did Adolf Hitler, a tyrant who orchestrated one of the largest genocides in human history, rise to power in a democratic country? The story begins at the end of World War I. With the successful Allied advance in 1918, Germany realized the war was unwinnable and signed an armistice ending the fighting. As its impe... |
TEDEd_World_History | What_makes_the_Great_Wall_of_China_so_extraordinary_Megan_Campisi_and_PenPen_Chen.txt | A 13,000 mile dragon of earth and stone winds its way through the countryside of China with a history almost as long and serpentine as the structure. The Great Wall began as multiple walls of rammed earth built by individual feudal states during the Chunqiu period to protect against nomadic raiders north of China and e... |
TEDEd_World_History | A_day_in_the_life_of_an_ancient_Athenian_Robert_Garland.txt | It’s 427 BCE and the worst internal conflict ever to occur in the ancient Greek world is in its fourth year. The Peloponnesian War is being fought between the city-states of Athens and Sparta, as well as their allies. The Athenians can’t match the formidable Spartan army on land. So they’ve abandoned the countryside... |
TEDEd_World_History | Historys_worst_nun_Theresa_A_Yugar.txt | Juana Ramírez de Asbaje sat before a panel of prestigious theologians, jurists, and mathematicians. The viceroy of New Spain had invited them to test the young woman’s knowledge by posing the most difficult questions they could muster. But Juana successfully answered every challenge, from complicated equations to ph... |
TEDEd_World_History | The_first_and_last_king_of_Haiti_Marlene_Daut.txt | The royal couple of Haiti rode into their coronation to thunderous applause. After receiving his ornate crown and scepter, Henry Christophe ascended his throne, towering 20 meters in the air. But little did the cheering onlookers know that the first king of Haiti would also be its last. Enslaved at birth on the is... |
TEDEd_World_History | How_the_Normans_changed_the_history_of_Europe_Mark_Robinson.txt | In the year 1066, 7000 Norman infantry and knights sailed in warships across the English Channel. Their target: England, home to more than a million people. Theirs was a short voyage with massive consequences. And around the same period of time, other groups of Normans were setting forth all across Europe, going on a... |
TEDEd_World_History | 비단길_역사_최초의_세계교역망_샤논_헤리스_카스텔로Shannon_Harris_Castelo.txt | A banker in London sends the latest stock info to his colleagues in Hong Kong in less than a second. With a single click, a customer in New York orders electronics made in Beijing, transported across the ocean within days by cargo plane or container ship. The speed and volume at which goods and information move across ... |
TEDEd_World_History | A_day_in_the_life_of_an_ancient_Egyptian_doctor_Elizabeth_Cox.txt | It’s another sweltering morning in Memphis, Egypt. As the sunlight brightens the Nile, Peseshet checks her supplies. Honey, garlic, cumin, acacia leaves, cedar oil. She’s well stocked with the essentials she needs to treat her patients. Peseshet is a swnw, or a doctor. In order to become one, she had to train as a s... |
TEDEd_World_History | The_history_of_the_world_according_to_corn_Chris_A_Kniesly.txt | Corn currently accounts for more than one tenth of our global crop production. The United States alone has enough cornfields to cover Germany. But while other crops we grow come in a range of varieties, over 99% of cultivated corn is the exact same type: Yellow Dent #2. This means that humans grow more Yellow Dent... |
TEDEd_World_History | The_most_successful_pirate_of_all_time_Dian_Murray.txt | At the height of their power, infamous Caribbean pirates like Blackbeard and Henry Morgan commanded as many as ten ships and several hundred men. But their stories pale next to the most successful pirate of all time. Madame Zheng commanded 1800 vessels, made enemies of several empires, and still lived to old age. Mada... |
TEDEd_World_History | The_Atlantic_slave_trade_What_too_few_textbooks_told_you_Anthony_Hazard.txt | Slavery, the treatment of human beings as property, deprived of personal rights, has occurred in many forms throughout the world. But one institution stands out for both its global scale and its lasting legacy. The Atlantic slave trade, occurring from the late 15th to the mid 19th century and spanning three continents... |
TEDEd_World_History | The_mysterious_life_and_death_of_Rasputin_Eden_Girma.txt | On a cold winter night in 1916, Felix Yusupov anxiously prepared to pick up his dinner guest. If all went as planned, his guest would be dead by morning, though four others had already tried and failed to finish him off. The Russian monarchy was on the brink of collapse, and to Yusupov and his fellow aristocrats, t... |
TEDEd_World_History | 차의_역사_슈난_텡_Shunan_Teng.txt | During a long day spent roaming the forest in search of edible grains and herbs, the weary divine farmer Shennong accidentally poisoned himself 72 times. But before the poisons could end his life, a leaf drifted into his mouth. He chewed on it and it revived him, and that is how we discovered tea. Or so an ancient lege... |
TEDEd_World_History | How_the_worlds_first_metro_system_was_built_Christian_Wolmar.txt | It was the dawn of 1863, and London’s not-yet-opened subway system, the first of its kind in the world, had the city in an uproar. Digging a hole under the city and putting a railroad in it seemed the stuff of dreams. Pub drinkers scoffed at the idea and a local minister accused the railway company of trying to brea... |
TEDEd_World_History | Explore_cave_paintings_in_this_360_animated_cave_Iseult_Gillespie.txt | In 1879, amateur archaeologist Marcelino Sanz de Sautuola and his young daughter Maria explored a dark cave in Northern Spain. When Maria wondered off by herself, she made an amazing discovery. They were standing inside a site of ancient art, the walls and roofs decorated with prehistoric paintings and engravings, ran... |
TEDEd_World_History | A_glimpse_of_teenage_life_in_ancient_Rome_Ray_Laurence.txt | Translator: tom carter Reviewer: Bedirhan Cinar It's March the 17th in A.D. 73. We're visiting ancient Rome to watch the Liberalia, an annual festival that celebrates the liberty of Rome's citizens. We're looking in at a 17-year-old named Lucius Popidius Secundus. He's not from a poor family, but he lives in the region... |
TEDEd_World_History | The_rise_and_fall_of_the_Inca_Empire_Gordon_McEwan.txt | It was the Western Hemisphere’s largest empire ever, with a population of nearly 10 million subjects. Over an area of more than 900,000 square kilometers, its people built massive administrative centers, temples, and extensive road and canal systems. They did so in an inhospitable, extreme terrain, all without th... |
TEDEd_World_History | The_hidden_treasures_of_Timbuktu_Elizabeth_Cox.txt | On the edge of the vast Sahara desert, citizens snuck out of the city of Timbuktu and took to the wilderness. They buried chests in the desert sand, hid them in caves, and sealed them in secret rooms. Inside these chests was a treasure more valuable than gold: the city’s ancient books. Founded around 1100 CE in what ... |
TEDEd_World_History | The_last_chief_of_the_Comanches_and_the_fall_of_an_empire_Dustin_Tahmahkera.txt | Late one night in 1871, a group of riders descended on a sleeping army camp. In minutes they stirred the camp into a panic, stole about 70 horses, and disappeared. Led by a young chief named Quanah Parker, the raid was the latest in a long series of altercations along the Texas frontier between the indigenous peop... |
TEDEd_World_History | 악명_높고_창의적이었던_호치민_길_카메론_페터슨Cameron_Paterson.txt | Translator: Andrea McDonough Reviewer: Bedirhan Cinar Deep in the jungles of Vietnam, soldiers from both sides battled heat exhaustion and each other for nearly 20 long years. But the key to Communist victory wasn't weapons or stamina, it was a dirt road. The Ho Chi Minh Trail, winding through Vietnam, Laos, and Cambod... |
TEDEd_World_History | The_rise_and_fall_of_the_Assyrian_Empire_Marian_H_Feldman.txt | Before the sun never set on the British Empire, before Genghis Khan swept the steppe, before Rome extended its influence to encircle the Mediterranean Sea, there was ancient Assyria. Considered by historians to be the first true empire, Assyria’s innovations laid the groundwork for every superpower that’s followed. ... |
TEDEd_World_History | A_day_in_the_life_of_an_ancient_Greek_architect_Mark_Robinson.txt | As dawn breaks over Athens, Pheidias is already late for work. The year is 432 BCE, and he’s the architekton, or chief builder, for the Parthenon— Athens’ newest and largest temple. When completed, his masterpiece will be an enormous shrine to the goddess Athena, and a testament to the glory of the Athenians. But ... |
TEDEd_World_History | 만사_무사_가장_부유하게_살았던_사람들_중_한_사람_제시카_스미스.txt | If someone asked you who the richest people in history were, who would you name? Perhaps a billionaire banker or corporate mogul, like Bill Gates or John D. Rockefeller. How about African King Musa Keita I? Ruling the Mali Empire in the 14th century CE, Mansa Musa, or the King of Kings, amassed a fortune that possibly... |
TEDEd_World_History | How_Magellan_circumnavigated_the_globe_Ewandro_Magalhaes.txt | On September 6, 1522, the "Victoria" sailed into harbor in southern Spain. The battered vessel and its 18 sailors were all that remained of a fleet that had departed three years before. Yet her voyage was considered a success for the "Victoria" had achieved something unprecedented: the first circumnavigation of the glo... |
TEDEd_World_History | From_enslavement_to_rebel_gladiator_The_life_of_Spartacus_Fiona_Radford.txt | As the warrior slept, a snake coiled around his face. Instead of a threat, his wife saw an omen– a fearsome power that would lead her husband to either glory or doom. For now, however, he was only a slave – one of millions taken from the territories conquered by Rome to work the mines, till the fields, or fight for the... |
TEDEd_World_History | History_vs_Cleopatra_Alex_Gendler.txt | "Order, order. So who do we have here?" "Your Honor, this is Cleopatra, the Egyptian queen whose lurid affairs destroyed two of Rome's finest generals and brought the end of the Republic." "Your Honor, this is Cleopatra, one of the most powerful women in history whose reign brought Egypt nearly 22 years of stability an... |
TEDEd_World_History | History_vs_Augustus_Peta_Greenfield_Alex_Gendler.txt | His reign marked the beginning of one of history’s greatest empires and the end of one of its first republics. Was Rome’s first emperor a visionary leader who guaranteed his civilization’s place in history or a tyrant who destroyed its core values? Find out in History versus Augustus. Order, order. The defendant toda... |
TEDEd_World_History | History_vs_Che_Guevara_Alex_Gendler.txt | His face is recognized all over the world. The young medical student who became a revolutionary icon. But was Che Guevara a heroic champion of the poor or a ruthless warlord who left a legacy of repression? Order, order. Hey, where have I seen that guy before? Ahem, your Honor, this is Ernesto Che Guevara. In the ear... |
TEDEd_World_History | 도시의_성벽_콘스탄티노플_랄스_브라운워스Lars_Brownworth.txt | Translator: tom carter Reviewer: Bedirhan Cinar The most important walls in western history aren't even in the West. They surround the modern city of Istanbul, Constantinople as the Romans called it. And for a thousand years, the fate of Europe depended on them. Constantinople was designed to be the center of the world... |
TEDEd_World_History | 역사_대_블리디미르_레닌알렉스_젠들러_Alex_Gendler.txt | He was one of the most influential figures of the 20th century, forever changing the course of one of the world's largest countries. But was he a hero who toppled an oppressive tyranny or a villain who replaced it with another? It's time to put Lenin on the stand in History vs. Lenin. "Order, order, hmm. Now, wasn't it... |
TEDEd_World_History | 교회이자_모스크인_아야_소피아_성당_켈리_월.txt | They say that if walls could talk, each building would have a story to tell, but few would tell so many fascinating stories in so many different voices as the Hagia Sophia, or holy wisdom. Perched at the crossroads of continents and cultures, it has seen massive changes from the name of the city where it stands, to i... |
TEDEd_World_History | A_day_in_the_life_of_an_Aztec_midwife_Kay_Read.txt | Lord Sun dawns on the day called 7-Monkey, his fingers slowly spreading a rosy sheen that mixes softly with smoke rising from Tenochtitlan’s many hearth fires. The midwife, Xoquauhtli, has a difficult choice to make. A momentous shift from rainy season to dry season is underway. All summer, the gods have kept the p... |
TEDEd_World_History | Where_did_Russia_come_from_Alex_Gendler.txt | Where did Russia come from, why is it so big, and what are the differences between it and its neighbors? The answers lie in an epic story of seafaring warriors, nomadic invaders, and the rise and fall of a medieval state known as Kievan Rus. In the first millennium, a large group of tribes spread through the dense woo... |
TEDEd_World_History | History_vs_Napoleon_Bonaparte_Alex_Gendler.txt | After the French Revolution erupted in 1789, Europe was thrown into chaos. Neighboring countries' monarchs feared they would share the fate of Louis XVI, and attacked the New Republic, while at home, extremism and mistrust between factions lead to bloodshed. In the midst of all this conflict, a powerful figure emerged... |
TEDEd_World_History | What_is_the_tragedy_of_the_commons_Nicholas_Amendolare.txt | Imagine as a thought experiment that you live in a small village and depend on the local fish pond for food. You share the pond with three other villagers. The pond starts off with a dozen fish, and the fish reproduce. For every two fish, there will be one baby added each night. So, in order to maximize your supply ... |
TEDEd_World_History | 역사_대_크리스토퍼_콜롬버스_알렉스_젠들러.txt | Many people in the United States and Latin America have grown up celebrating the anniversary of Christopher Columbus's voyage, but was he an intrepid explorer who brought two worlds together or a ruthless exploiter who brought colonialism and slavery? And did he even discover America at all? It's time to put Columbus o... |
TEDEd_World_History | A_day_in_the_life_of_a_Celtic_Druid_Philip_Freeman.txt | As the sun rises on a fall morning in 55 BCE, Camma lays two pigeons on the altar at the center of her village. She offers a prayer to Matrona mother goddess of the Earth, and Lugus chief of the gods. Then, she wrings the birds’ necks and cuts them open to examine their entrails for divine messages. Camma is a drui... |
TEDEd_World_History | 역사에서_잊혀지면_안되는_파라오_케이트_나레브_Kate_Narev.txt | Three and a half thousand years ago in Egypt, a noble pharaoh was the victim of a violent attack. But the attack was not physical. This royal had been dead for 20 years. The attack was historical, an act of damnatio memoriae, the damnation of memory. Somebody smashed the pharaoh's statues, took a chisel and attempted ... |
TEDEd_World_History | The_rise_and_fall_of_the_Berlin_Wall_Konrad_H_Jarausch.txt | In the early hours of August 13, 1961, East German construction workers flanked by soldiers and police began tearing up streets and erecting barriers throughout the city of Berlin and its surroundings. This night marked the beginning of one of history's most infamous dividing lines, the Berlin Wall. Construction on the... |
TEDEd_World_History | 징기스칸_대_역사_알렉스_젠들러.txt | He was one of the most fearsome warlords who ever lived, waging an unstoppable conquest across the Eurasian continent. But was Genghis Khan a vicious barbarian or a unifier who paved the way for the modern world? We'll see in "History vs. Genghis Khan." "Order, order. Now who's the defendant today? Khan!" "I see Your... |
TEDEd_World_History | 흑사병의_과거_현재_그리고_미래.txt | Imagine if half the people in your neighborhood, your city, or even your whole country were wiped out. It might sound like something out of an apocalyptic horror film, but it actually happened in the 14th century during a disease outbreak known as the Black Death. Spreading from China through Asia, the Middle East, Af... |
TEDEd_World_History | What_really_happened_to_the_Library_of_Alexandria_Elizabeth_Cox.txt | 2,300 years ago, the rulers of Alexandria set out to fulfill one of humanity’s most audacious goals: to collect all the knowledge in the world under one roof. In its prime, the Library of Alexandria housed an unprecedented number of scrolls and attracted some of the Greek world’s greatest minds. But by the end of t... |
TEDEd_World_History | The_rise_and_fall_of_the_Byzantine_Empire_Leonora_Neville.txt | Most history books will tell you the Roman Empire fell in the fifth century CE. But this would’ve come as a great surprise to the millions of people who lived in the Roman Empire up through the Middle Ages. This medieval Roman Empire, which we usually refer to today as the Byzantine Empire, began in 330 CE. That’s whe... |
TEDEd_World_History | History_through_the_eyes_of_the_potato_Leo_BearMcGuinness.txt | Baked or fried, boiled or roasted, as chips or fries. At some point in your life, you've probably eaten a potato. Delicious, for sure, but the fact is potatoes have played a much more significant role in our history than just that of the dietary staple we have come to know and love today. Without the potato, our modern... |
TEDEd_World_History | Why_is_Herodotus_called_The_Father_of_History_Mark_Robinson.txt | Giant gold-digging ants, a furious king who orders the sea to be whipped 300 times, and a dolphin that saves a famous poet from drowning. These are just some of the stories from The Histories by Herodotus, an Ancient Greek writer from the 5th century BCE. Not all the events in the text may have happened exactly as Her... |
TEDEd_World_History | A_brief_history_of_goths_Dan_Adams.txt | What do fans of atmospheric post-punk music have in common with ancient barbarians? Not much. So why are both known as goths? Is it a weird coincidence or a deeper connection stretching across the centuries? The story begins in Ancient Rome. As the Roman Empire expanded, it faced raids and invasions from the semi-nom... |
TEDEd_World_History | How_did_Polynesian_wayfinders_navigate_the_Pacific_Ocean_Alan_Tamayose_and_Shantell_De_Silva.txt | Imagine setting sail from Hawaii in a canoe. Your target is a small island thousands of kilometers away in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. That's a body of water that covers more than 160 million square kilometers, greater than all the landmasses on Earth combined. For thousands of years, Polynesian navigators manag... |
TEDEd_World_History | The_historic_womens_suffrage_march_on_Washington_Michelle_Mehrtens.txt | On March 3, 1913, protesters parted for the woman in white: dressed in a flowing cape and sitting astride a white horse, the activist Inez Milholland was hard to miss. She was riding at the helm of the Women’s Suffrage Parade- the first mass protest for a woman’s right to vote on a national scale. After months of s... |
TEDEd_World_History | A_day_in_the_life_of_a_Peruvian_shaman_Gabriel_Prieto.txt | At the temple of the fisherman, Quexo, the village shaman, looks out over the ocean and frowns. It’s a still morning– unusually still, and the lack of wind is the latest in a series of troubling signs. The year is 1400 BCE. Quexo’s village sits in the dusty, treeless desert between the towering Andes and Pacific Oc... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.