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2020-05-13
Periodically Forced Nonlinear Oscillators With Hysteretic Damping
We perform a detailed study of the dynamics of a nonlinear, one-dimensional oscillator driven by a periodic force under hysteretic damping, whose linear version was originally proposed and analyzed by Bishop in [1]. We first add a small quadratic stiffness term in the constitutive equation and construct the periodic solution of the problem by a systematic perturbation method, neglecting transient terms as $t\rightarrow \infty$. We then repeat the analysis replacing the quadratic by a cubic term, which does not allow the solutions to escape to infinity. In both cases, we examine the dependence of the amplitude of the periodic solution on the different parameters of the model and discuss the differences with the linear model. We point out certain undesirable features of the solutions, which have also been alluded to in the literature for the linear Bishop's model, but persist in the nonlinear case as well. Finally, we discuss an alternative hysteretic damping oscillator model first proposed by Reid [2], which appears to be free from these difficulties and exhibits remarkably rich dynamical properties when extended in the nonlinear regime.
2005.06187v1
2020-05-13
Magnetic circular dichroism spectra from resonant and damped coupled cluster response theory
A computational expression for the Faraday A term of magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) is derived within coupled cluster response theory and alternative computational expressions for the B term are discussed. Moreover, an approach to compute the (temperature-independent) MCD ellipticity in the context of coupled cluster damped response is presented, and its equivalence with the stick-spectrum approach in the limit of infinite lifetimes is demonstrated. The damped response approach has advantages for molecular systems or spectral ranges with a high density of states. Illustrative results are reported at the coupled cluster singles and doubles level and compared to time-dependent density functional theory results.
2005.06190v1
2020-05-21
Convective Excitation and Damping of Solar-like Oscillations
The last decade has seen a rapid development in asteroseismology thanks to the CoRoT and Kepler missions. With more detailed asteroseismic observations available, it is becoming possible to infer exactly how oscillations are driven and dissipated in solar-type stars. We have carried out three-dimensional (3D) stellar atmosphere simulations together with one-dimensional (1D) stellar structural models of key benchmark turn-off and subgiant stars to study this problem from a theoretical perspective. Mode excitation and damping rates are extracted from 3D and 1D stellar models based on analytical expressions. Mode velocity amplitudes are determined by the balance between stochastic excitation and linear damping, which then allows the estimation of the frequency of maximum oscillation power, $\nu_{\max}$, for the first time based on ab initio and parameter-free modelling. We have made detailed comparisons between our numerical results and observational data and achieved very encouraging agreement for all of our target stars. This opens the exciting prospect of using such realistic 3D hydrodynamical stellar models to predict solar-like oscillations across the HR-diagram, thereby enabling accurate estimates of stellar properties such as mass, radius and age.
2005.10519v1
2020-05-21
Non-Markovian memory in a measurement-based quantum computer
We study the exact open system dynamics of single qubit gates during a measurement-based quantum computation considering non-Markovian environments. We obtain analytical solutions for the average gate fidelities and analyze it for amplitude damping and dephasing channels. We show that the average fidelity is identical for the X-gate and Z-gate and that neither fast application of the projective measurements necessarily implies high gate fidelity, nor slow application necessarily implies low gate fidelity. Indeed, for highly non-Markovian environments, it is of utmost importance to know the best time to perform the measurements, since a huge variation in the gate fidelity may occur given this scenario. Furthermore, we show that while for the amplitude damping the knowledge of the dissipative map is sufficient to determine the best measurement times, i.e. the best times in which measures are taken, the same is not necessarily true for the phase damping. To the later, the time of the set of measures becomes crucial since a phase error in one qubit can fix the phase error that takes place in another.
2005.10883v1
2020-05-22
Improving Dynamic Performance of Low-Inertia Systems through Eigensensitivity Optimization
An increasing penetration of renewable generation has led to reduced levels of rotational inertia and damping in the system. The consequences are higher vulnerability to disturbances and deterioration of the dynamic response of the system. To overcome these challenges, novel converter control schemes that provide virtual inertia and damping have been introduced, which raises the question of optimal distribution of such devices throughout the network. This paper presents a framework for performance-based allocation of virtual inertia and damping to the converter-interfaced generators in a low-inertia system. This is achieved through an iterative, eigensensitivity-based optimization algorithm that determines the optimal controller gains. Two conceptually different problem formulations are presented and validated on a 3-area, 12-bus test system.
2005.11032v1
2020-05-24
Theory of Solutions for An Inextensible Cantilever
Recent equations of motion for the large deflections of a cantilevered elastic beam are analyzed. In the traditional theory of beam (and plate) large deflections, nonlinear restoring forces are due to the effect of stretching on bending; for an inextensible cantilever, the enforcement of arc-length preservation leads to quasilinear stiffness effects and inertial effects that are both nonlinear and nonlocal. For this model, smooth solutions are constructed via a spectral Galerkin approach. Additional compactness is needed to pass to the limit, and this is obtained through a complex procession of higher energy estimates. Uniqueness is obtained through a non-trivial decomposition of the nonlinearity. The confounding effects of nonlinear inertia are overcome via the addition of structural (Kelvin-Voigt) damping to the equations of motion. Local well-posedness of smooth solutions is shown first in the absence of nonlinear inertial effects, and then shown with these inertial effects present, taking into account structural damping. With damping in force, global-in-time, strong well-posedness result is obtained by achieving exponential decay for small data.
2005.11836v2
2020-05-25
Nonlinear losses in magnon transport due to four-magnon scattering
We report on the impact of nonlinear four-magnon scattering on magnon transport in microstructured Co25Fe75 waveguides with low magnetic damping. We determine the magnon propagation length with microfocused Brillouin light scattering over a broad range of excitation powers and detect a decrease of the attenuation length at high powers. This is consistent with the onset of nonlinear four-magnon scattering. Hence, it is critical to stay in the linear regime, when deriving damping parameters from the magnon propagation length. Otherwise, the intrinsic nonlinearity of magnetization dynamics may lead to a misinterpretation of magnon propagation lengths and, thus, to incorrect values of the magnetic damping of the system.
2005.12113v2
2020-06-02
Rigid body dynamics of diamagnetically levitating graphite resonators
Diamagnetic levitation is a promising technique for realizing resonant sensors and energy harvesters, since it offers thermal and mechanical isolation from the environment at zero power. To advance the application of diamagnetically levitating resonators, it is important to characterize their dynamics in the presence of both magnetic and gravitational fields. Here we experimentally actuate and measure rigid body modes of a diamagnetically levitating graphite plate. We numerically calculate the magnetic field and determine the influence of magnetic force on the resonance frequencies of the levitating plate. By analyzing damping mechanisms, we conclude that eddy current damping dominates dissipation in mm-sized plates. We use finite element simulations to model eddy current damping and find close agreement with experimental results. We also study the size-dependent Q-factors (Qs) of diamagnetically levitating plates and show that Qs above 100 million are theoretically attainable by reducing the size of the diamagnetic resonator down to microscale, making these systems of interest for next generation low-noise resonant sensors and oscillators.
2006.01733v3
2020-06-11
Signatures of Spatial Curvature on Growth of Structures
We write down Boltzmann equation for massive particles in a spatially curved FRW universe and solve the approximate line-of-sight solution for evolution of matter density, including the effects of spatial curvature to the first order of approximation. It is shown that memory of early time gravitational potential is affected by presence of spatial curvature. Then we revisit Boltzmann equation for photons in the general FRW background. Using it, we show that how the frequency of oscillations and damping factor (known as Silk damping) changed in presence of spatial curvature. At last, using this modified damping factor in hydrodynamic regime of cosmological perturbations, we find our analytic solution which shows the effects of spatial curvature on growing mode of matter density.
2006.06347v2
2020-06-29
HFQPOs and discoseismic mode excitation in eccentric, relativistic discs. II. Magnetohydrodynamic simulations
Trapped inertial oscillations (r-modes) provide a promising explanation for high-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations (HFQPOs) observed in the emission from black hole X-ray binary systems. An eccentricity (or warp) can excite r-modes to large amplitudes, but concurrently the oscillations are likely damped by magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence driven by the magnetorotational instability (MRI). We force eccentricity in global, unstratified, zero-net flux MHD simulations of relativistic accretion discs, and find that a sufficiently strong disc distortion generates trapped inertial waves despite this damping. In our simulations, eccentricities above ~ 0.03 in the inner disc excite trapped waves. In addition to the competition between r-mode damping and driving, we observe that larger amplitude eccentric structures modify and in some cases suppress MRI turbulence. Given the variety of distortions (warps as well as eccentricities) capable of amplifying r-modes, the robustness of trapped inertial wave excitation in the face of MRI turbulence in our simulations provides support for a discoseismic explanation for HFQPOs.
2006.16266v2
2020-07-01
An integrable family of torqued, damped, rigid rotors
Expositions of the Euler equations for the rotation of a rigid body often invoke the idea of a specially damped system whose energy dissipates while its angular momentum magnitude is conserved in the body frame. An attempt to explicitly construct such a damping function leads to a more general, but still integrable, system of cubic equations whose trajectories are confined to nested sets of quadric surfaces in angular momentum space. For some choices of parameters, the lines of fixed points along both the largest and smallest moment of inertia axes can be simultaneously attracting. Limiting cases are those that conserve either the energy or the magnitude of the angular momentum. Parallels with rod mechanics, micromagnetics, and particles with effective mass are briefly discussed.
2007.00707v1
2020-07-10
Approximate Time-Optimal Trajectories for Damped Double Integrator in 2D Obstacle Environments under Bounded Inputs
This article provides extensions to existing path-velocity decomposition based time optimal trajectory planning algorithm \cite{kant1986toward} to scenarios in which agents move in 2D obstacle environment under double integrator dynamics with drag term (damped double integrator). Particularly, we extend the idea of a tangent graph \cite{liu1992path} to $\calC^1$-Tangent graph to find continuously differentiable ($\calC^1$) shortest path between any two points. $\calC^1$-Tangent graph has a continuously differentiable ($\calC^1$) path between any two nodes. We also provide analytical expressions for a near time-optimal velocity profile for an agent moving on these shortest paths under the damped double integrator with bounded acceleration.
2007.05155v2
2020-08-11
Ab initio results for the plasmon dispersion and damping of the warm dense electron gas
Warm dense matter (WDM) is an exotic state on the border between condensed matter and dense plasmas. Important occurrences of WDM include dense astrophysical objects, matter in the core of our Earth, as well as matter produced in strong compression experiments. As of late, x-ray Thomson scattering has become an advanced tool to diagnose WDM. The interpretation of the data requires model input for the dynamic structure factor $S(q,\omega)$ and the plasmon dispersion $\omega(q)$. Recently the first \textit{ab initio} results for $S(q,\omega)$ of the homogeneous warm dense electron gas were obtained from path integral Monte Carlo simulations, [Dornheim \textit{et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{121}, 255001 (2018)]. Here, we analyse the effects of correlations and finite temperature on the dynamic dielectric function and the plasmon dispersion. Our results for the plasmon dispersion and damping differ significantly from the random phase approximation and from earlier models of the correlated electron gas. Moreover, we show when commonly used weak damping approximations break down and how the method of complex zeros of the dielectric function can solve this problem for WDM conditions.
2008.04605v1
2020-08-18
Singularity formation for compressible Euler equations with time-dependent damping
In this paper, we consider the compressible Euler equations with time-dependent damping \frac{\a}{(1+t)^\lambda}u in one space dimension. By constructing 'decoupled' Riccati type equations for smooth solutions, we provide some sufficient conditions under which the classical solutions must break down in finite time. As a byproduct, we show that the derivatives blow up, somewhat like the formation of shock wave, if the derivatives of initial data are appropriately large at a point even when the damping coefficient goes to infinity with a algebraic growth rate. We study the case \lambda\neq1 and \lambda=1 respectively, moreover, our results have no restrictions on the size of solutions and the positivity/monotonicity of the initial Riemann invariants. In addition, for 1<\gamma<3 we provide time-dependent lower bounds on density for arbitrary classical solutions, without any additional assumptions on the initial data.
2008.07756v1
2020-08-18
Survey of 360$^{\circ}$ domain walls in magnetic heterostructures: topology, chirality and current-driven dynamics
Chirality and current-driven dynamics of topologically nontrivial 360$^{\circ}$ domain walls (360DWs) in magnetic heterostructures (MHs) are systematically investigated. For MHs with normal substrates, the static 360DWs are N\'{e}el-type with no chirality. While for those with heavy-metal substrates, the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (iDMI) therein makes 360DWs prefer specific chirality. Under in-plane driving charge currents, as the direct result of "full-circle" topology a certain 360DW does not undergo the "Walker breakdown"-type process like a well-studied 180$^{\circ}$ domain wall as the current density increases. Alternatively, it keeps a fixed propagating mode (either steady-flow or precessional-flow, depending on the effective damping constant of the MH) until it collapses or changes to other types of solition when the current density becomes too high. Similarly, the field-like spin-orbit torque (SOT) has no effects on the dynamics of 360DWs, while the anti-damping SOT has. For both modes, modifications to the mobility of 360DWs by iDMI and anti-damping SOT are provided.
2008.08196v1
2020-08-20
Combining $T_1$ and $T_2$ estimation with randomized benchmarking and bounding the diamond distance
The characterization of errors in a quantum system is a fundamental step for two important goals. First, learning about specific sources of error is essential for optimizing experimental design and error correction methods. Second, verifying that the error is below some threshold value is required to meet the criteria of threshold theorems. We consider the case where errors are dominated by the generalized damping channel (encompassing the common intrinsic processes of amplitude damping and dephasing) but may also contain additional unknown error sources. We demonstrate the robustness of standard $T_1$ and $T_2$ estimation methods and provide expressions for the expected error in these estimates under the additional error sources. We then derive expressions that allow a comparison of the actual and expected results of fine-grained randomized benchmarking experiments based on the damping parameters. Given the results of this comparison, we provide bounds that allow robust estimation of the thresholds for fault-tolerance.
2008.09197v1
2020-08-25
The atomic damping basis and the collective decay of interacting two-level atoms
We find analytical solutions to the evolution of interacting two-level atoms when the master equation is symmetric under the permutation of atomic labels. The master equation includes atomic independent dissipation. The method to obtain the solutions is: First, we use the system symmetries to describe the evolution in an operator space whose dimension grows polynomially with the number of atoms. Second, we expand the solutions in a basis composed of eigenvectors of the dissipative part of the master equation that models the independent dissipation of the atoms. This atomic damping basis is an atomic analog to the damping basis used for bosonic fields. The solutions show that the system decays as a sum of sub- and super-radiant exponential terms.
2008.11056v1
2020-09-11
Accuracy of relativistic Cowling approximation in protoneutron star asteroseismology
The relativistic Cowling approximation, where the metric perturbations are neglected during the fluid oscillations, is often adopted for considering the gravitational waves from the protoneutron stars (PNSs) provided via core-collapse supernova explosions. In this study, we evaluate how the Cowling approximation works well by comparing the frequencies with the Cowling approximation to those without the approximation. Then, we find that the behavior of the frequencies with the approximation is qualitatively the same way as that without the approximation, where the frequencies with the approximation can totally be determined within $\sim 20\%$ accuracy. In particular, the fundamental mode with the Cowling approximation is overestimated. In addition, we also discuss the damping time of various eigenmodes in gravitational waves from the PNSs, where the damping time for the PNSs before the avoided crossing between the $f$- and $g_1$-modes, is quite different from that for cold neutron stars, but it is more or less similar to that for cold neutron stars in the later phase. The damping time is long enough compared to the typical time interval of short-Fourier transformation that often used in the analysis, and that ideally guarantees the validity of the transformation.
2009.05206v1
2020-09-17
Resonant absorption: transformation of compressive motions into vortical motions
This paper investigates the changes in spatial properties when magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves undergo resonant damping in the Alfv\'en continuum. The analysis is carried out for a 1D cylindrical pressure-less plasma with a straight magnetic field. The effect of the damping on the spatial wave variables is determined by using complex frequencies that arise as a result of the resonant damping. Compression and vorticity are used to characterise the spatial evolution of the MHD wave. The most striking result is the huge spatial variation in the vorticity component parallel to the magnetic field. Parallel vorticity vanishes in the uniform part of the equilibrium. However, when the MHD wave moves into the non-uniform part, parallel vorticity explodes to values that are orders of magnitude higher than those attained by the transverse components in planes normal to the straight magnetic field. In the non-uniform part of the equilibrium plasma, the MHD wave is controlled by parallel vorticity and resembles an Alfv\'en wave, with the unfamiliar property that it has pressure variations even in the linear regime.
2009.08152v1
2020-09-19
Random vibrations of stress-driven nonlocal beams with external damping
Stochastic flexural vibrations of small-scale Bernoulli-Euler beams with external damping are investigated by stress-driven nonlocal mechanics. Damping effects are simulated considering viscous interactions between beam and surrounding environment. Loadings are modeled by accounting for their random nature. Such a dynamic problem is characterized by a stochastic partial differential equation in space and time governing time-evolution of the relevant displacement field. Differential eigenanalyses are performed to evaluate modal time coordinates and mode shapes, providing a complete stochastic description of response solutions. Closed-form expressions of power spectral density, correlation function, stationary and non-stationary variances of displacement fields are analytically detected. Size-dependent dynamic behaviour is assessed in terms of stiffness, variance and power spectral density of displacements. The outcomes can be useful for design and optimization of structural components of modern small-scale devices, such as Micro- and Nano-Electro-Mechanical-Systems (MEMS and NEMS).
2009.09184v1
2020-09-20
Correction Method for the Readout Saturation of the DAMPE Calorimeter
The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a space-borne high energy cosmic-ray and $\gamma$-ray detector which operates smoothly since the launch on December 17, 2015. The bismuth germanium oxide (BGO) calorimeter is one of the key sub-detectors of DAMPE used for energy measurement and electron proton identification. For events with total energy deposit higher than decades of TeV, the readouts of PMTs coupled on the BGO crystals would become saturated, which results in an underestimation of the energy measurement. Based on detailed simulations, we develop a correction method for the saturation effect according to the shower development topologies and energies measured by neighbouring BGO crystals. The verification with simulated and on-orbit events shows that this method can well reconstruct the energy deposit in the saturated BGO crystal.
2009.09438v1
2020-09-21
Complete complementarity relations in system-environment decoherent dynamics
We investigate the system-environment information flow from the point of view ofcomplete complementarity relations. We consider some commonly used noisy quantum channels:Amplitude damping, phase damping, bit flip, bit-phase flip, phase flip, depolarizing, and correlatedamplitude damping. By starting with an entangled bipartite pure quantum state, with the linearentropy being the quantifier of entanglement, we study how entanglement is redistributed and turnedinto general correlations between the degrees of freedom of the whole system. For instance, it ispossible to express the entanglement entropy in terms of the multipartite quantum coherence or interms of the correlated quantum coherence of the different partitions of the system. In addition,we notice that for the depolarizing and bit-phase flip channels the wave and particle aspects candecrease or increase together. Besides, by considering the environment as part of a pure quantumsystem, the linear entropy is shown to be not just a measure of mixedness of a particular subsystem,but a correlation measure of the subsystem with rest of the world.
2009.09769v3
2020-09-15
Delay-induced resonance suppresses damping-induced unpredictability
Combined effects of the damping and forcing in the underdamped time-delayed Duffing oscillator are considered in this paper. We analyze the generation of a certain damping-induced unpredictability, due to the gradual suppression of interwell oscillations. We find the minimal amount of the forcing amplitude and the right forcing frequency to revert the effect of the dissipation, so that the interwell oscillations can be restored, for different time delay values. This is achieved by using the delay-induced resonance, in which the time delay replaces one of the two periodic forcings present in the vibrational resonance. A discussion in terms of the time delay of the critical values of the forcing for which the delay-induced resonance can tame the dissipation effect is finally carried out.
2009.11760v1
2020-10-06
A dissiptive logarithmic type evolution equation: asymptotic profile and optimal estimates
We introduce a new model of the logarithmic type of wave-like equation with a nonlocal logarithmic damping mechanism, which is rather weakly effective as compared with frequently studied fractional damping cases. We consider the Cauchy problem for this new model in the whole space, and study the asymptotic profile and optimal decay and/or blowup rates of solutions as time goes to infinity in L^{2}-sense. The operator L considered in this paper was used to dissipate the solutions of the wave equation in the paper studied by Charao-Ikehata in 2020, and in the low frequency parameters the principal part of the equation and the damping term is rather weakly effective than those of well-studied power type operators.
2010.02485v1
2020-10-12
Line-drag damping of Alfvén waves in radiatively driven winds of magnetic massive stars
Line-driven stellar winds from massive (OB) stars are subject to a strong line-deshadowing instability. Recently, spectropolarimetric surveys have collected ample evidence that a subset of Galactic massive stars hosts strong surface magnetic fields. We investigate here the propagation and stability of magneto-radiative waves in such a magnetised, line-driven wind. Our analytic, linear stability analysis includes line-scattering from the stellar radiation, and accounts for both radial and non-radial perturbations. We establish a bridging law for arbitrary perturbation wavelength after which we analyse separately the long- and short-wavelength limits. While long-wavelength radiative and magnetic waves are found to be completely decoupled, a key result is that short-wavelength, radially propagating Alfv\'en waves couple to the scattered radiation field and are strongly damped due to the line-drag effect. This damping of magnetic waves in a scattering-line-driven flow could have important effects on regulating the non-linear wind dynamics, and so might also have strong influence on observational diagnostics of the wind structure and clumping of magnetic line-driven winds.
2010.05650v1
2020-10-20
Long Time Behavior of a Quasilinear Hyperbolic System Modelling Elastic Membranes
The paper studies the long time behavior of a system that describes the motion of a piece of elastic membrane driven by surface tension and inner air pressure. The system is a degenerate quasilinear hyperbolic one that involves the mean curvature, and also includes a damping term that models the dissipative nature of genuine physical systems. With the presence of damping, a small perturbation of the sphere converges exponentially in time to the sphere, and without the damping the evolution that is $\varepsilon$-close to the sphere has life span longer than $\varepsilon^{-1/6}$. Both results are proved using a new Nash-Moser-H\"{o}rmander type theorem proved by Baldi and Haus.
2010.10663v6
2020-10-09
Rapid parameter determination of discrete damped sinusoidal oscillations
We present different computational approaches for the rapid extraction of the signal parameters of discretely sampled damped sinusoidal signals. We compare time- and frequency-domain-based computational approaches in terms of their accuracy and precision and computational time required in estimating the frequencies of such signals, and observe a general trade-off between precision and speed. Our motivation is precise and rapid analysis of damped sinusoidal signals as these become relevant in view of the recent experimental developments in cavity-enhanced polarimetry and ellipsometry, where the relevant time scales and frequencies are typically within the $\sim1-10\,\mu$s and $\sim1-100$MHz ranges, respectively. In such experimental efforts, single-shot analysis with high accuracy and precision becomes important when developing experiments that study dynamical effects and/or when developing portable instrumentations. Our results suggest that online, running-fashion, microsecond-resolved analysis of polarimetric/ellipsometric measurements with fractional uncertainties at the $10^{-6}$ levels, is possible, and using a proof-of-principle experimental demonstration we show that using a frequency-based analysis approach we can monitor and analyze signals at kHz rates and accurately detect signal changes at microsecond time-scales.
2010.11690v1
2020-10-22
Effective shear and bulk viscosities for anisotropic flow
We evaluate the viscous damping of anisotropic flow in heavy-ion collisions for arbitrary temperature-dependent shear and bulk viscosities. We show that the damping is solely determined by effective shear and bulk viscosities, which are weighted averages over the temperature. We determine the relevant weights for nucleus-nucleus collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=5.02$ TeV and 200 GeV, corresponding to the maximum LHC and RHIC energies, by running ideal and viscous hydrodynamic simulations. The effective shear viscosity is driven by temperatures below $210$ MeV at RHIC, and below $280$ MeV at the LHC, with the largest contributions coming from the lowest temperatures, just above freeze-out. The effective bulk viscosity is driven by somewhat higher temperatures, corresponding to earlier stages of the collision. We show that at a fixed collision energy, the effective viscosity is independent of centrality and system size, to the same extent as the mean transverse momentum of outgoing hadrons. The variation of viscous damping is determined by Reynolds number scaling.
2010.11919v2
2020-10-23
Is PSR J0855$-$4644 responsible for the 1.4 TeV electron spectral bump hinted by DAMPE?
DAMPE observation on the cosmic ray electron spectrum hints a narrow excess at $\sim$ 1.4 TeV. Although the excess can be ascribed to dark matter particles, pulsars and pulsar wind nebulae are believed to be a more natural astrophysical origin: electrons injected from nearby pulsars at their early ages can form a bump-like feature in the spectrum due to radiative energy losses. In this paper, with a survey of nearby pulsars, we find 4 pulsars that may have notable contributions to $\sim$ 1.4 TeV cosmic ray electrons. Among them, PSR J0855$-$4644 has a spin down luminosity more than 50 times higher than others and presumably dominates the electron fluxes from them. X-ray observations on the inner compact part (which may represent a tunnel for the transport of electrons from the pulsar) of PWN G267.0$-$01.0 are then used to constrain the spectral index of high energy electrons injected by the pulsar. We show that high-energy electrons released by PSR J0855$-$4644 could indeed reproduce the 1.4 TeV spectral feature hinted by the DAMPE with reasonable parameters.
2010.12170v1
2020-11-02
Effect of retardation on the frequency and linewidth of plasma resonances in a two-dimensional disk of electron gas
We theoretically analyze dominant plasma modes in a two-dimensional disk of electron gas by calculating the absorption of an incident electromagnetic wave. The problem is solved in a self-consistent approximation, taking into account electromagnetic retardation effects. We use the Drude model to describe the conductivity of the system. The absorption spectrum exhibits a series of peaks corresponding to the excitation of plasma waves. The position and linewidth of the peaks designating, respectively, the frequency and damping rate of the plasma modes. We estimate the influence of retardation effects on the frequency and linewidth of the fundamental (dipole) and axisymmetric (quadrupole) plasma modes both numerically and analytically. We find the net damping rate of the modes to be dependent on not only the sum of the radiative and collisional decays but also their intermixture, even for small retardation. We show that the net damping rate can be noticeably less than that determined by collisions alone.
2011.00877v1
2020-11-05
Low-Complexity Models for Acoustic Scene Classification Based on Receptive Field Regularization and Frequency Damping
Deep Neural Networks are known to be very demanding in terms of computing and memory requirements. Due to the ever increasing use of embedded systems and mobile devices with a limited resource budget, designing low-complexity models without sacrificing too much of their predictive performance gained great importance. In this work, we investigate and compare several well-known methods to reduce the number of parameters in neural networks. We further put these into the context of a recent study on the effect of the Receptive Field (RF) on a model's performance, and empirically show that we can achieve high-performing low-complexity models by applying specific restrictions on the RFs, in combination with parameter reduction methods. Additionally, we propose a filter-damping technique for regularizing the RF of models, without altering their architecture and changing their parameter counts. We will show that incorporating this technique improves the performance in various low-complexity settings such as pruning and decomposed convolution. Using our proposed filter damping, we achieved the 1st rank at the DCASE-2020 Challenge in the task of Low-Complexity Acoustic Scene Classification.
2011.02955v1
2020-11-14
Learning a Reduced Basis of Dynamical Systems using an Autoencoder
Machine learning models have emerged as powerful tools in physics and engineering. Although flexible, a fundamental challenge remains on how to connect new machine learning models with known physics. In this work, we present an autoencoder with latent space penalization, which discovers finite dimensional manifolds underlying the partial differential equations of physics. We test this method on the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky (K-S), Korteweg-de Vries (KdV), and damped KdV equations. We show that the resulting optimal latent space of the K-S equation is consistent with the dimension of the inertial manifold. The results for the KdV equation imply that there is no reduced latent space, which is consistent with the truly infinite dimensional dynamics of the KdV equation. In the case of the damped KdV equation, we find that the number of active dimensions decreases with increasing damping coefficient. We then uncover a nonlinear basis representing the manifold of the latent space for the K-S equation.
2011.07346v1
2020-11-23
Sharp lifespan estimates for the weakly coupled system of semilinear damped wave equations in the critical case
The open question, which seems to be also the final part, in terms of studying the Cauchy problem for the weakly coupled system of damped wave equations or reaction-diffusion equations, is so far known as the sharp lifespan estimates in the critical case. In this paper, we mainly investigate lifespan estimates for solutions to the weakly coupled system of semilinear damped wave equations in the critical case. By using a suitable test function method associated with nonlinear differential inequalities, we catch upper bound estimates for the lifespan. Moreover, we establish polynomial-logarithmic type time-weighted Sobolev spaces to obtain lower bound estimates for the lifespan in low spatial dimensions. Then, together with the derived lifespan estimates, new and sharp results on estimates for the lifespan in the critical case are claimed. Finally, we give an application of our results to the semilinear reaction-diffusion system in the critical case.
2011.11366v2
2020-12-10
Stochastic Damped L-BFGS with Controlled Norm of the Hessian Approximation
We propose a new stochastic variance-reduced damped L-BFGS algorithm, where we leverage estimates of bounds on the largest and smallest eigenvalues of the Hessian approximation to balance its quality and conditioning. Our algorithm, VARCHEN, draws from previous work that proposed a novel stochastic damped L-BFGS algorithm called SdLBFGS. We establish almost sure convergence to a stationary point and a complexity bound. We empirically demonstrate that VARCHEN is more robust than SdLBFGS-VR and SVRG on a modified DavidNet problem -- a highly nonconvex and ill-conditioned problem that arises in the context of deep learning, and their performance is comparable on a logistic regression problem and a nonconvex support-vector machine problem.
2012.05783v1
2020-12-29
Twist-induced Near-field Thermal Switch Using Nonreciprocal Surface Magnon-Polaritons
We explore that two ferromagnetic insulator slabs host a strong twist-induced near-field radiative heat transfer in the presence of twisted magnetic fields. Using the formalism of fluctuational electrodynamics, we find the existence of large twist-induced thermal switch ratio in large damping condition and nonmonotonic twist manipulation for heat transfer in small damping condition, associated with the different twist-induced effects of nonreciprocal elliptic surface magnon-polaritons, hyperbolic surface magnon-polaritons, and twist-non-resonant surface magnon-polaritons. Moreover, the near-field radiative heat transfer can be significantly enhanced by the twist-non-resonant surface magnon-polaritons in the ultra-small damping condition. Such twist-induced effect is applicable for other kinds of anisotropic slabs with timereversal symmetry breaking. Our findings provide a way to twisted and magnetic control in nanoscale thermal management and improve it with twistronics concepts.
2012.14733v1
2021-01-04
The damped harmonic oscillator at the classical limit of the Snyder-de Sitter space
Valtancoli in his paper entitled [P. Valtancoli, Canonical transformations, and minimal length J. Math. Phys. 56, 122107 (2015)] has shown how the deformation of the canonical transformations can be made compatible with the deformed Poisson brackets. Based on this work and through an appropriate canonical transformation, we solve the problem of one dimensional (1D) damped harmonic oscillator at the classical limit of the Snyder-de Sitter (SdS) space. We show that the equations of the motion can be described by trigonometric functions with frequency and period depending on the deformed and the damped parameters. We eventually discuss the influences of these parameters on the motion of the system.
2101.01223v2
2021-01-11
Damped (linear) response theory within the resolution-of-identity coupled cluster singles and approximate doubles (RI-CC2) method
An implementation of a complex solver for the solution of the response equations required to compute the complex response functions of damped response theory is presented for the resolution-of-identity (RI) coupled-cluster singles and approximate doubles CC2 method. The implementation uses a partitioned formulation that avoids the storage of double excitation amplitudes to make it applicable to large molecules. The solver is the keystone element for the development of the damped coupled-cluster response formalism for linear and nonlinear effects in resonant frequency regions at the RI-CC2 level of theory. Illustrative results are reported for the one-photon absorption cross section of C60, the electronic circular dichroism of $n$-helicenes ($n$ = 5, 6, 7), and the $C_6$ dispersion coefficients of a set of selected organic molecules and fullerenes.
2101.03756v1
2021-01-26
Generalized Damped Newton Algorithms in Nonsmooth Optimization via Second-Order Subdifferentials
The paper proposes and develops new globally convergent algorithms of the generalized damped Newton type for solving important classes of nonsmooth optimization problems. These algorithms are based on the theory and calculations of second-order subdifferentials of nonsmooth functions with employing the machinery of second-order variational analysis and generalized differentiation. First we develop a globally superlinearly convergent damped Newton-type algorithm for the class of continuously differentiable functions with Lipschitzian gradients, which are nonsmooth of second order. Then we design such a globally convergent algorithm to solve a structured class of nonsmooth quadratic composite problems with extended-real-valued cost functions, which typically arise in machine learning and statistics. Finally, we present the results of numerical experiments and compare the performance of our main algorithm applied to an important class of Lasso problems with those achieved by other first-order and second-order optimization algorithms.
2101.10555v3
2021-01-26
Damped and Driven Breathers and Metastability
In this article we prove the existence of a new family of periodic solutions for discrete, nonlinear Schrodinger equations subject to spatially localized driving and damping. They provide an alternate description of the metastable behavior in such lattice systems which agrees with previous predictions for the evolution of metastable states while providing more accurate approximations to these states. We analyze the stability of these breathers, finding a very small positive eigenvalue whose eigenvector lies almost tangent to the surface of the cylinder formed by the family of breathers. This causes solutions to slide along the cylinder without leaving its neighborhood for very long times.
2101.10999v2
2021-02-05
A simple artificial damping method for total Lagrangian smoothed particle hydrodynamics
In this paper, we present a simple artificial damping method to enhance the robustness of total Lagrangian smoothed particle hydrodynamics (TL-SPH). Specifically, an artificial damping stress based on the Kelvin-Voigt type damper with a scaling factor imitating a von Neumann-Richtmyer type artificial viscosity is introduced in the constitutive equation to alleviate the spurious oscillation in the vicinity of the sharp spatial gradients. After validating the robustness and accuracy of the present method with a set of benchmark tests with very challenging cases, we demonstrate its potentials in the field of bio-mechanics by simulating the deformation of complex stent structures.
2102.04898v1
2021-02-18
Probing black hole microstructure with the kinetic turnover of phase transition
By treating black hole as the macroscopic stable state on the free energy landscape, we propose that the stochastic dynamics of the black hole phase transition can be effectively described by the Langevin equation or equivalently by the Fokker-Planck equation in phase space. We demonstrate the turnover of the kinetics for the charged anti-de Sitter black hole phase transition, which shows that the mean first passage time is linear with the friction in the high damping regime and inversely proportional to the friction in the low damping regime. The fluctuations in the kinetics are shown to be large/small in the high/low damping regime and the switching behavior from the small fluctuations to the large fluctuations takes place at the kinetic turnover point. Because the friction is a reflection of the microscopic degrees of freedom acting on the order parameter of the black hole, the turnover and the corresponding fluctuations of the phase transition kinetics can be used to probe the black hole microstructure.
2102.09439v1
2021-02-25
Energy Decay of some boundary coupled systems involving wave$\backslash$ Euler-Bernoulli beam with one locally singular fractional Kelvin-Voigt damping
In this paper, we investigate the energy decay of hyperbolic systems of wave-wave, wave-Euler- Bernoulli beam and beam-beam types. The two equations are coupled through boundary connection with only one localized non-smooth fractional Kelvin-Voigt damping. First, we reformulate each system into an augmented model and using a general criteria of Arendt-Batty, we prove that our models are strongly stable. Next, by using frequency domain approach, combined with multiplier technique and some interpolation inequalities, we establish different types of polynomial energy decay rate which depends on the order of the fractional derivative and the type of the damped equation in the system.
2102.12732v2
2021-03-01
Fluid-plate interaction under periodic forcing
The motion of a thin elastic plate interacting with a viscous fluid is investigated. A periodic force acting on the plate is considered, which in a setting without damping could lead to a resonant response. The interaction with the viscous fluid provides a damping mechanism due to the energy dissipation in the fluid. Moreover, an internal damping mechanism in the plate is introduced. In this setting, we show that the periodic forcing leads to a time-periodic (non-resonant) solution. We employ the Navier-Stokes and the Kirchhoff-Love plate equation in a periodic cell structure to model the motion of the viscous fluid and the elastic plate, respectively. Maximal Lp regularity for the linearized system is established in a framework of time-periodic function spaces. Existence of a solution to the fully nonlinear system is subsequently shown with a fixed-point argument.
2103.00795v1
2021-03-25
Nonlinear inviscid damping and shear-buoyancy instability in the two-dimensional Boussinesq equations
We investigate the long-time properties of the two-dimensional inviscid Boussinesq equations near a stably stratified Couette flow, for an initial Gevrey perturbation of size $\varepsilon$. Under the classical Miles-Howard stability condition on the Richardson number, we prove that the system experiences a shear-buoyancy instability: the density variation and velocity undergo an $O(t^{-1/2})$ inviscid damping while the vorticity and density gradient grow as $O(t^{1/2})$. The result holds at least until the natural, nonlinear timescale $t \approx \varepsilon^{-2}$. Notice that the density behaves very differently from a passive scalar, as can be seen from the inviscid damping and slower gradient growth. The proof relies on several ingredients: (A) a suitable symmetrization that makes the linear terms amenable to energy methods and takes into account the classical Miles-Howard spectral stability condition; (B) a variation of the Fourier time-dependent energy method introduced for the inviscid, homogeneous Couette flow problem developed on a toy model adapted to the Boussinesq equations, i.e. tracking the potential nonlinear echo chains in the symmetrized variables despite the vorticity growth.
2103.13713v1
2021-03-31
Research of Damped Newton Stochastic Gradient Descent Method for Neural Network Training
First-order methods like stochastic gradient descent(SGD) are recently the popular optimization method to train deep neural networks (DNNs), but second-order methods are scarcely used because of the overpriced computing cost in getting the high-order information. In this paper, we propose the Damped Newton Stochastic Gradient Descent(DN-SGD) method and Stochastic Gradient Descent Damped Newton(SGD-DN) method to train DNNs for regression problems with Mean Square Error(MSE) and classification problems with Cross-Entropy Loss(CEL), which is inspired by a proved fact that the hessian matrix of last layer of DNNs is always semi-definite. Different from other second-order methods to estimate the hessian matrix of all parameters, our methods just accurately compute a small part of the parameters, which greatly reduces the computational cost and makes convergence of the learning process much faster and more accurate than SGD. Several numerical experiments on real datesets are performed to verify the effectiveness of our methods for regression and classification problems.
2103.16764v1
2021-04-08
Landau Damping in the Transverse Modulational Dynamics of Co-Propagating Light and Matter Beams
The optomechanical coupling and transverse stability of a co-propagating monochromatic electromagnetic wave and mono-energetic beam of two-level atoms is investigated in the collisionless regime. The coupled dynamics are studied through a Landau stability analysis of the coupled gas- kinetic and paraxial wave equations, including the effect of the electronic nonlinearity. The resulting dispersion relation captures the interaction of kinetic and saturation effects and shows that for blue detuning the combined nonlinear interaction is unstable below a critical wavenumber which reduces to the result of Bespalov and Talanov in the limit of a negligible kinetic nonlinearity. For red detuning we find that under a saturation parameter threshold exists whereby the system stabilizes unconditionally. With negligible saturation, an optomechanical form of Landau damping stabilizes all wavenumbers above a critical wavenumber determined by the combined strength of the kinetic and refractive optomechanical feedback. The damping is mediated primarily by atoms traveling along the primary diagonals of the Talbot carpet.
2104.04100v1
2021-04-15
Simulating cosmological supercooling with a cold atom system II
We perform an analysis of the supercooled state in an analogue of an early universe phase transition based on a one dimensional, two-component Bose gas with time-dependent interactions. We demonstrate that the system behaves in the same way as a thermal, relativistic Bose gas undergoing a first order phase transition. We propose a way to prepare the state of the system in the metastable phase as an analogue to supercooling in the early universe. While we show that parametric resonances in the system can be suppressed by thermal damping, we find that the theoretically estimated thermal damping in our model is too weak to suppress the resonances for realistic experimental parameters. However, we propose that experiments to investigate the effective damping rate in experiments would be worthwhile.
2104.07428v1
2021-04-29
Nano-patterning of surfaces by ion sputtering: Numerical study of the anisotropic damped Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation
Nonlinear models for pattern evolution by ion beam sputtering on a material surface present an ongoing opportunity for new numerical simulations. A numerical analysis of the evolution of preexisting patterns is proposed to investigate surface dynamics, based on a 2D anisotropic damped Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation, with periodic boundary conditions. A finite-difference semi-implicit time splitting scheme is employed on the discretization of the governing equation. Simulations were conducted with realistic coefficients related to physical parameters (anisotropies, beam orientation, diffusion). The stability of the numerical scheme is analyzed with time step and grid spacing tests for the pattern evolution, and the Method of Manufactured Solutions has been used to verify the proposed scheme. Ripples and hexagonal patterns were obtained from a monomodal initial condition for certain values of the damping coefficient, while spatiotemporal chaos appeared for lower values. The anisotropy effects on pattern formation were studied, varying the angle of incidence of the ion beam with respect to the irradiated surface. Analytical discussions are based on linear and weakly nonlinear analysis.
2104.14104v1
2021-05-04
Linear response theory and damped modes of stellar clusters
Because all stars contribute to its gravitational potential, stellar clusters amplify perturbations collectively. In the limit of small fluctuations, this is described through linear response theory, via the so-called response matrix. While the evaluation of this matrix is somewhat straightforward for unstable modes (i.e. with a positive growth rate), it requires a careful analytic continuation for damped modes (i.e. with a negative growth rate). We present a generic method to perform such a calculation in spherically symmetric stellar clusters. When applied to an isotropic isochrone cluster, we recover the presence of a low-frequency weakly damped $\ell = 1$ mode. We finally use a set of direct $N$-body simulations to test explicitly this prediction through the statistics of the correlated random walk undergone by a cluster's density centre.
2105.01371v1
2021-05-10
Passivity-based control of mechanical systems with linear damping identification
We propose a control approach for a class of nonlinear mechanical systems to stabilize the system under study while ensuring that the oscillations of the transient response are reduced. The approach is twofold: (i) we apply our technique for linear viscous damping identification of the system to improve the accuracy of the selected control technique, and (ii) we implement a passivity-based controller to stabilize and reduce the oscillations by selecting the control parameters properly in accordance with the identified damping. Moreover, we provide an analysis for a particular passivity-based control approach that has been shown successfully for reducing such oscillations. Also, we validate the methodology by implementing it experimentally in a planar manipulator.
2105.04324v4
2021-05-26
Decay dynamics of Localised Surface Plasmons: damping of coherences and populations of the oscillatory plasmon modes
Properties of plasmonic materials are associated with surface plasmons - the electromagnetic excitations coupled to coherent electron charge density oscillations on a metal/dielectric interface. Although decay of such oscillations cannot be avoided, there are prospects for controlling plasmon damping dynamics. In spherical metal nanoparticles (MNPs) the basic properties of Localized Surface Plasmons (LSPs) can be controlled with their radius. The present paper handles the link between the size-dependent description of LSP properties derived from the dispersion relation based on Maxwell's equations and the quantum picture in which MNPs are treated as "quasi-particles". Such picture, based on the reduced density-matrix of quantum open systems ruled by the master equation in the Lindblad form, enables to distinguish between damping processes of populations and coherences of multipolar plasmon oscillatory states and to establish the intrinsic relations between the rates of these processes, independently of the size of MNP. The impact of the radiative and the nonradiative energy dissipation channels is discussed.
2105.12463v1
2021-06-05
The electron acoustic waves in plasmas with two kappa-distributed electrons at the same temperatures and immobile ions
The linear electron acoustic waves propagating in plasmas with two kappa-distributed electrons and stationary ions are investigated. The temperatures of the two electrons are assumed to be the same, but the kappa indices are not. It shows that if one kappa index is small enough and the other one is large enough, a weak damping regime of the electron acoustic waves exists. The dispersions and damping rates are numerically studied. The parameter spaces for the weakly damped electron acoustic waves are analyzed. Moreover, the electron acoustic waves in the present model are compared with those in other models, especially the plasmas with two-temperature electrons. At last, we perform Vlasov-Poisson simulations to verify the theory.
2106.02910v2
2021-06-18
Global existence and asymptotic behavior for semilinear damped wave equations on measure spaces
This paper is concerned with the semilinear damped wave equation on a measure space with a self-adjoint operator, instead of the standard Laplace operator. Under a certain decay estimate on the corresponding heat semigroup, we establish the linear estimates which generalize the so-called Matsumura estimates, and prove the small data global existence of solutions to the damped wave equation based on the linear estimates. Our approach is based on a direct spectral analysis analogous to the Fourier analysis. The self-adjoint operators treated in this paper include some important examples such as the Laplace operators on Euclidean spaces, the Dirichlet Laplacian on an arbitrary open set, the Robin Laplacian on an exterior domain, the Schr\"odinger operator, the elliptic operator, the Laplacian on Sierpinski gasket, and the fractional Laplacian.
2106.10322v3
2021-06-21
On the small time asymptotics of stochastic Ladyzhenskaya-Smagorinsky equations with damping perturbed by multiplicative noise
The Ladyzhenskaya-Smagorinsky equations model turbulence phenomena, and are given by $$\frac{\partial \boldsymbol{u}}{\partial t}-\mu \mathrm{div}\left(\left(1+|\nabla\boldsymbol{u}|^2\right)^{\frac{p-2}{2}}\nabla\boldsymbol{u}\right)+(\boldsymbol{u}\cdot\nabla)\boldsymbol{u}+\nabla p=\boldsymbol{f}, \ \nabla\cdot\boldsymbol{u}=0,$$ for $p\geq 2,$ in a bounded domain $\mathcal{O}\subset\mathbb{R}^d$ ($2\leq d\leq 4$). In this work, we consider the stochastic Ladyzhenskaya-Smagorinsky equations with the damping $\alpha\boldsymbol{u}+\beta|\boldsymbol{u}|^{r-2}\boldsymbol{u},$ for $r\geq 2$ ($\alpha,\beta\geq 0$), subjected to multiplicative Gaussian noise. We show the local monotoincity ($p\geq \frac{d}{2}+1,\ r\geq 2$) as well as global monotonicity ($p\geq 2,\ r\geq 4$) properties of the linear and nonlinear operators, which along with an application of stochastic version of Minty-Browder technique imply the existence of a unique pathwise strong solution. Then, we discuss the small time asymptotics by studying the effect of small, highly nonlinear, unbounded drifts (small time large deviation principle) for the stochastic Ladyzhenskaya-Smagorinsky equations with damping.
2106.10861v1
2021-06-23
Improved convergence rates and trajectory convergence for primal-dual dynamical systems with vanishing damping
In this work, we approach the minimization of a continuously differentiable convex function under linear equality constraints by a second-order dynamical system with asymptotically vanishing damping term. The system is formulated in terms of the augmented Lagrangian associated to the minimization problem. We show fast convergence of the primal-dual gap, the feasibility measure, and the objective function value along the generated trajectories. In case the objective function has Lipschitz continuous gradient, we show that the primal-dual trajectory asymptotically weakly converges to a primal-dual optimal solution of the underlying minimization problem. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first result which guarantees the convergence of the trajectory generated by a primal-dual dynamical system with asymptotic vanishing damping. Moreover, we will rediscover in case of the unconstrained minimization of a convex differentiable function with Lipschitz continuous gradient all convergence statements obtained in the literature for Nesterov's accelerated gradient method.
2106.12294v1
2021-06-24
Landau damping of electron-acoustic waves due to multi-plasmon resonances
The linear and nonlinear theories of electron-acoustic waves (EAWs) are studied in a partially degenerate quantum plasma with two-temperature electrons and stationary ions. The initial equilibrium of electrons is assumed to be given by the Fermi-Dirac distribution at finite temperature. By employing the multi-scale asymptotic expansion technique to the one-dimensional Wigner-Moyal and Poisson equations, it is shown that the effects of multi-plasmon resonances lead to a modified complex Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation with a new nonlocal nonlinearity. Besides giving rise to a nonlocal nonlinear term, the wave-particle resonance also modifies the local nonlinear coupling coefficient of the KdV equation. The latter is shown to conserve the number of particles, however, the wave energy decays with time. A careful analysis shows that the two-plasmon resonance is the dominant mechanism for nonlinear Landau damping of EAWs. An approximate soliton solution of the KdV equation is also obtained, and it is shown that the nonlinear Landau damping causes the wave amplitude to decay slowly with time compared to the classical theory.
2106.12754v2
2021-07-01
On behavior of solutions to a Petrovsky equation with damping and variable-exponent source
This paper deals with the following Petrovsky equation with damping and nonlinear source \[u_{tt}+\Delta^2 u-M(\|\nabla u\|_2^2)\Delta u-\Delta u_t+|u_t|^{m(x)-2}u_t=|u|^{p(x)-2}u\] under initial-boundary value conditions, where $M(s)=a+ bs^\gamma$ is a positive $C^1$ function with parameters $a>0,~b>0,~\gamma\geq 1$, and $m(x),~p(x)$ are given measurable functions. The upper bound of the blow-up time is derived for low initial energy using the differential inequality technique. For $m(x)\equiv2$, in particular, the upper bound of the blow-up time is obtained by the combination of Levine's concavity method and some differential inequalities under high initial energy. In addition, by making full use of the strong damping, the lower bound of the blow-up time is discussed. Moreover, the global existence of solutions and an energy decay estimate are presented by establishing some energy estimates and by exploiting a key integral inequality.
2107.00273v2
2021-07-21
A combined volume penalization / selective frequency damping approach for immersed boundary methods applied to high-order schemes
There has been an increasing interest in developing efficient immersed boundary method (IBM) based on Cartesian grids, recently in the context of high-order methods. IBM based on volume penalization is a robust and easy to implement method to avoid body-fitted meshes and has been recently adapted to high order discretisations (Kou et al., 2021). This work proposes an improvement over the classic penalty formulation for flux reconstruction high order solvers. We include a selective frequency damping (SFD) approach (Aakervik et al., 2006) acting only inside solid body defined through the immersed boundary masking, to damp spurious oscillations. An encapsulated formulation for the SFD method is implemented, which can be used as a wrapper around an existing time-stepping code. The numerical properties have been studied through eigensolution analysis based on the advection equation. These studies not only show the advantages of using the SFD method as an alternative of the traditional volume penalization, but also show the favorable properties of combining both approaches. This new approach is then applied to the Navier-Stokes equation to simulate steady flow past an airfoil and unsteady flow past a circular cylinder. The advantages of the SFD method in providing improved accuracy are reported.
2107.10177v1
2021-07-25
Dispatch of Virtual Inertia and Damping: Numerical Method with SDP and ADMM
Power grids are evolving toward 100% renewable energy interfaced by inverters. Virtual inertia and damping provided by inverters are essential to synchronism and frequency stability of future power grids. This paper numerically addresses the problem of dispatch of virtual inertia and damping (DID) among inverters in the transmission network. The DID problem is first formulated as a nonlinear program (NLP) by the Radua collocation method which is flexible to handle various types of disturbances and bounds constraints. Since the NLP of DID is highly non-convex, semi-definite programming (SDP) relaxation for the NLP is further derived to tackle the non-convexity, followed by its sparsity being exploited hierarchically based on chordality of graphs to seek enhancement of computational efficiency. Considering high dimension and inexactness of the SDP relaxation, a feasibility-embedded distributed approach is finally proposed under the framework of alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM), which achieves parallel computing and solution feasibility regarding the original NLP. Numerical simulations carried out for five test power systems demonstrate the proposed method and necessity of DID.
2107.11764v1
2021-07-29
Microscopic analysis of sound attenuation in low-temperature amorphous solids reveals quantitative importance of non-affine effects
Sound attenuation in low temperature amorphous solids originates from their disordered structure. However, its detailed mechanism is still being debated. Here we analyze sound attenuation starting directly from the microscopic equations of motion. We derive an exact expression for the zero-temperature sound damping coefficient. We verify that the sound damping coefficients calculated from our expression agree very well with results from independent simulations of sound attenuation. The small wavevector analysis of our expression shows that sound attenuation is primarily determined by the non-affine displacements' contribution to the sound wave propagation coefficient coming from the frequency shell of the sound wave. Our expression involves only quantities that pertain to solids' static configurations. It can be used to evaluate the low temperature sound damping coefficients without directly simulating sound attenuation.
2107.14254v2
2021-08-09
Damping perturbation based time integration asymptotic method for structural dynamics
The light damping hypothesis is usually assumed in structural dynamics since dissipative forces are in general weak with respect to inertial and elastic forces. In this paper a novel numerical method of time integration based on the artificial perturbation of damping is proposed. The asymptotic expansion of the transient response results in an infinite series which can be summed, leading to a well-defined explicit iterative step-by-step scheme. Conditions for convergence are rigorously analyzed, enabling the determination of the methodology boundaries in form of maximum time step. The numerical properties of the iterative scheme, i.e. stability, accuracy and computational effort are also studied in detail. The approach is validated with two numerical examples, showing a high accuracy and computational efficiency relative to other methods.
2108.03813v1
2021-08-12
The damping and diffusion of atoms moving in the background electromagnetic environment
The interaction between an atom and the quantized electromagnetic field depends on the position of the atom. Then the atom experiences a force which is the minus gradient of this interaction. Through the Heisenberg equations of motion and the Born-Markov approximation, the mean and correlation of the force are obtained, showing that the center-of-mass motion of the atom is damped and diffused. This approach can be easily generalized to multi-level atoms, where the damping force and diffusion coefficients are just the weighted average of the contributions from all pairs of energy levels that have nonvanishing dipole elements. It is shown that these results are invariant under Galilean transformation, and in principle can be used to determine the velocity of the lab relative to the background radiation.
2108.05590v3
2021-09-22
Antibunching via cooling by heating
We investigate statistics of the photon (phonon) field undergoing linear and nonlinear damping processes. An effective two-photon (phonon) nonlinear "cooling by heating" process is realized from linear damping by spectral filtering of the heat baths present in the system. This cooling process driven by incoherent quantum thermal noise can create quantum states of the photon field. In fact, for high temperatures of the spectrally filtered heat baths, sub-Poissonian statistics with strong antibunching in the photon (phonon) field are reported. This notion of the emergence and control of quantumness by incoherent thermal quantum noise is applied to a quantum system comprising of a two-level system and a harmonic oscillator or analogous optomechanical setting. Our analysis may provide a promising direction for the preparation and protection of quantum features via nonlinear damping that can be controlled with incoherent thermal quantum noise.
2109.10516v2
2021-10-13
Tutorial on stochastic systems
In this tutorial, three examples of stochastic systems are considered: A strongly-damped oscillator, a weakly-damped oscillator and an undamped oscillator (integrator) driven by noise. The evolution of these systems is characterized by the temporal correlation functions and spectral densities of their displacements, which are determined and discussed. Damped oscillators reach steady stochastic states. Their correlations are decreasing functions of the difference between the sample times and their spectra have peaks near their resonance frequencies. An undamped oscillator never reaches a steady state. Its energy increases with time and its spectrum is sharply peaked at low frequencies. The required mathematical methods and physical concepts are explained on a just-in-time basis, and some theoretical pitfalls are mentioned. The insights one gains from studies of oscillators can be applied to a wide variety of physical systems, such as atom and semiconductor lasers, which will be discussed in a subsequent tutorial.
2110.06966v1
2021-10-18
Structured vector fitting framework for mechanical systems
In this paper, we develop a structure-preserving formulation of the data-driven vector fitting algorithm for the case of modally damped mechanical systems. Using the structured pole-residue form of the transfer function of modally damped second-order systems, we propose two possible structured extensions of the barycentric formula of system transfer functions. Integrating these new forms within the classical vector fitting algorithm leads to the formulation of two new algorithms that allow the computation of modally damped mechanical systems from data in a least squares fashion. Thus, the learned model is guaranteed to have the desired structure. We test the proposed algorithms on two benchmark models.
2110.09220v1
2021-10-27
Integrability and solvability of polynomial Liénard differential systems
We provide the necessary and sufficient conditions of Liouvillian integrability for Li\'{e}nard differential systems describing nonlinear oscillators with a polynomial damping and a polynomial restoring force. We prove that Li\'{e}nard differential systems are not Darboux integrable excluding subfamilies with certain restrictions on the degrees of the polynomials arising in the systems. We demonstrate that if the degree of a polynomial responsible for the restoring force is greater than the degree of a polynomial producing the damping, then a generic Li\'{e}nard differential system is not Liouvillian integrable with the exception of linear Li\'{e}nard systems. However, for any fixed degrees of the polynomials describing the damping and the restoring force we present subfamilies possessing Liouvillian first integrals. As a by-product of our results, we find a number of novel Liouvillian integrable subfamilies. In addition, we study the existence of non-autonomous Darboux first integrals and non-autonomous Jacobi last multipliers with a time-dependent exponential factor.
2110.14306v2
2021-10-28
Global Solution to the Vacuum Free Boundary Problem with Physical Singularity of Compressible Euler Equations with Damping and Gravity
The global existence of smooth solutions to the vacuum free boundary problem with physical singularity of compressible Euler equations with damping and gravity is proved in space dimensions $n=1, 2, 3$, for the initial data being small perturbations of the stationary solution. Moreover, the exponential decay of the velocity is obtained for $n=1, 2, 3$. The exponentially fast convergence of the density and vacuum boundary to those of the stationary solution is shown for $n=1$, and it is proved for $n=2, 3$ that they stay close to those of the stationary solution if they do so initially. The proof is based on the weighted estimates of both hyperbolic and parabolic types with weights capturing the singular behavior of higher-order normal derivatives near vacuum states, exploring the balance between the physical singularity which pushes the vacuum boundary outwards and the effect of gravity which pulls it inwards, and the dissipation of the frictional damping. The results obtained in this paper are the first ones on the global existence of solutions to the vacuum free boundary problems of inviscid compressible fluids with the non-expanding background solutions. Exponentially fast convergence when the vacuum state is involved discovered in this paper is a new feature of the problem studied.
2110.14909v1
2021-10-29
Spinons and damped phonons in spin-1/2 quantum-liquid Ba$_{4}$Ir${}_3$O${}_{10}$ observed by Raman scattering
In spin-1/2 Mott insulators, non-magnetic quantum liquid phases are often argued to arise when the system shows no magnetic ordering, but identifying positive signatures of these phases or related spinon quasiparticles can be elusive. Here we use Raman scattering to provide three signatures for spinons in a possible spin-orbit quantum liquid material Ba${}_4$Ir${}_3$O${}_{10}$: (1) A broad hump, which we show can arise from Luttinger Liquid spinons in Raman with parallel photon polarizations normal to 1D chains; (2) Strong phonon damping from phonon-spin coupling via the spin-orbit interaction; and (3) the absence of (1) and (2) in the magnetically ordered phase that is produced when 2% of Ba is substituted by Sr ((Ba${}_{0.98}$Sr${}_{0.02}$)${}_4$Ir${}_3$O${}_{10}$). The phonon damping via itinerant spinons seen in this quantum-liquid insulator suggests a new mechanism for enhancing thermoelectricity in strongly correlated conductors, through a neutral quantum liquid that need not affect electronic transport.
2110.15916v1
2021-11-03
Pointwise space-time estimates of two-phase fluid model in dimension three
In this paper, we investigate the pointwise space-time behavior of two-phase fluid model derived by Choi \cite{Choi} [SIAM J. Math. Anal., 48(2016), pp. 3090-3122], which is the compressible damped Euler equations coupled with compressible Naiver-Stokes equations. Based on Green's function method together with frequency analysis and nonlinear coupling of different wave patterns, it shows that both of two densities and momentums obey the generalized Huygens' principle as the compressible Navier-Stokes equations \cite{LW}, however, it is different from the compressible damped Euler equations \cite{Wang2}. The main contributions include seeking suitable combinations to avoid the singularity from the Hodge decomposition in the low frequency part of the Green's function, overcoming the difficulty of the non-conservation arising from the damped mechanism of the system, and developing the detailed description of the singularities in the high frequency part of the Green's function. Finally, as a byproduct, we extend $L^2$-estimate in \cite{Wugc} [SIAM J. Math. Anal., 52(2020), pp. 5748-5774] to $L^p$-estimate with $p>1$.
2111.01987v1
2021-11-09
Turbulent cascades for a family of damped Szegö equations
In this paper, we study the transfer of energy from low to high frequencies for a family of damped Szeg\"o equations. The cubic Szeg\"o equation has been introduced as a toy model for a totally non-dispersive degenerate Hamiltonian equation. It is a completely integrable system which develops growth of high Sobolev norms, detecting transfer of energy and hence cascades phenomena. Here, we consider a two-parameter family of variants of the cubic Szeg\"o equation and prove that adding a damping term unexpectedly promotes the existence of turbulent cascades. Furthermore, we give a panorama of the dynamics for such equations on a six-dimensional submanifold.
2111.05247v1
2021-11-18
Sharp Stability of a String with Local Degenerate Kelvin-Voigt Damping
This paper is on the asymptotic behavior of the elastic string equation with localized degenerate Kelvin--Voigt damping $$ u_{tt}(x,t)-[u_{x}(x,t)+b(x)u_{x,t}(x,t)]_{x}=0,\; x\in(-1,1),\; t>0,$$ where $b(x)=0$ on $x\in (-1,0]$, and $b(x)=x^\alpha>0$ on $x\in (0,1)$ for $\alpha\in(0,1)$. It is known that the optimal decay rate of solution is $t^{-2}$ in the limit case $\alpha=0$, and exponential decay rate for $\alpha\ge 1$. When $\alpha\in (0,1)$, the damping coefficient $b(x)$ is continuous, but its derivative has a singularity at the interface $x=0$. In this case, the best known decay rate is $t^{-\frac{3-\alpha}{2(1-\alpha)}}$. Although this rate is consistent with the exponential one at $\alpha=1$, it failed to match the optimal one at $\alpha=0$. In this paper, we obtain a sharper polynomial decay rate $t^{-\frac{2-\alpha}{1-\alpha}}$. More significantly, it is consistent with the optimal polynomial decay rate at $\alpha=0$ and the exponential decay rate at $\alpha = 1$.This is a big step toward the goal of obtaining eventually the optimal decay rate.
2111.09500v1
2021-11-22
Global well-posedness for a generalized Keller-Segel system with degenerate dissipation and mixing
We study the mixing effect for a generalized Keller-Segel system with degenerate dissipation and advection by a weakly mixing. Here the attractive operator has weak singularity, namely, the negative derivative appears in the nonlinear term by singular integral. Without advection, the solution of equation blows up in finite time. We show that the global well-posedness of solution with large advection. Since dissipation term degenerate into the damping, the enhanced dissipation effect of mixing no longer occurs, we prove that the mixing effect can weak the influence of nonlinear term. In this case, the mixing effect is similar with inviscid damping of shear flow. Combining to the mixing effect and damping effect of degenerate dissipation, the global $L^\infty$ estimate of solution is established.
2111.11083v1
2021-11-26
Damping of Pseudo-Goldstone Fields
Approximate symmetries abound in Nature. If these symmetries are also spontaneously broken, the would-be Goldstone modes acquire a small mass, or inverse correlation length, and are referred to as pseudo-Goldstones. At nonzero temperature, the effects of dissipation can be captured by hydrodynamics at sufficiently long scales compared to the local equilibrium. Here we show that in the limit of weak explicit breaking, locality of hydrodynamics implies that the damping of pseudo-Goldstones is completely determined by their mass and diffusive transport coefficients. We present many applications: superfluids, QCD in the chiral limit, Wigner crystal and density wave phases in the presence of an external magnetic field or not, nematic phases and (anti-)ferromagnets. For electronic density wave phases, pseudo-Goldstone damping generates a contribution to the resistivity independent of the strength of disorder, which can have a linear temperature dependence provided the associated diffusivity saturates a bound. This is reminiscent of the phenomenology of strange metal high $T_c$ superconductors, where charge density waves are observed across the phase diagram.
2111.13459v2
2021-11-26
Transition from order to chaos in reduced quantum dynamics
We study a damped kicked top dynamics of a large number of qubits ($N \rightarrow \infty$) and focus on an evolution of a reduced single-qubit subsystem. Each subsystem is subjected to the amplitude damping channel controlled by the damping constant $r\in [0,1]$, which plays the role of the single control parameter. In the parameter range for which the classical dynamics is chaotic, while varying $r$ we find the universal period-doubling behavior characteristic to one-dimensional maps: period-two dynamics starts at $r_1 \approx 0.3181$, while the next bifurcation occurs at $ r_2 \approx 0.5387$. In parallel with period-four oscillations observed for $r \leq r_3 \approx 0.5672$, we identify a secondary bifurcation diagram around $r\approx 0.544$, responsible for a small-scale chaotic dynamics inside the attractor. The doubling of the principal bifurcation tree continues until $r \leq r_{\infty} \sim 0.578$, which marks the onset of the full scale chaos interrupted by the windows of the oscillatory dynamics corresponding to the Sharkovsky order.
2111.13477v1
2021-12-06
Damped physical oscillators, temperature and chemical clocks
The metaphor of a clock in physics describes near-equilibrium reversible phenomena such as an oscillating spring. It is surprising that for chemical and biological clocks the focus has been exclusively on the far-from-equilibrium dissipative processes. We show here that one can represent chemical oscillations (the Lotka-Volterra system and the Brusselator) by equations analogous to Onsager's phenomenological equations when the condition of the reciprocal relations, i.e. the symmetry in the coupling of thermodynamic forces to fluxes is relaxed and antisymmetric contributions are permitted. We compare these oscillations to damped oscillators in physics (e.g., springs, coupled springs and electrical circuits) which are represented by similar equations. Onsager's equations and harmonic Hamiltonian systems are shown to be limiting cases of a more general formalism. The central element of un-damped physical oscillations is the conservation of entropy which unavoidably results in reversible temperature oscillations. Such temperature oscillations exist in springs and electrical LC-circuits, but have among others also been found in the oscillating Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction, in oscillations of yeast cells, and during the nervous impulse. This suggests that such oscillations contain reversible entropy-conserving elements, and that physical and chemical clocks may be more similar than expected.
2112.03083v1
2021-12-10
Existence of Zero-damped Quasinormal Frequencies for Nearly Extremal Black Holes
It has been observed that many spacetimes which feature a near-extremal horizon exhibit the phenomenon of zero-damped modes. This is characterised by the existence of a sequence of quasinormal frequencies which all converge to some purely imaginary number $i\alpha$ in the extremal limit and cluster in a neighbourhood of the line $\Im s=\alpha$. In this paper, we establish that this property is present for the conformal Klein-Gordon equation on a Reissner-Nordstr\"om-de Sitter background. This follows from a similar result that we prove for a class of spherically symmetric black hole spacetimes with a cosmological horizon. We also show that the phenomenon of zero-damped modes is stable to perturbations that arise through adding a potential.
2112.05669v3
2021-12-22
Quantifying Spin-Orbit Torques in Antiferromagnet/Heavy Metal Heterostructures
The effect of spin currents on the magnetic order of insulating antiferromagnets (AFMs) is of fundamental interest and can enable new applications. Toward this goal, characterizing the spin-orbit torques (SOT) associated with AFM/heavy metal (HM) interfaces is important. Here we report the full angular dependence of the harmonic Hall voltages in a predominantly easy-plane AFM, epitaxial c-axis oriented $\alpha$-Fe$_2$O$_3$ films, with an interface to Pt. By modeling the harmonic Hall signals together with the $\alpha$-Fe$_2$O$_3$ magnetic parameters, we determine the amplitudes of field-like and damping-like SOT. Out-of-plane field scans are shown to be essential to determining the damping-like component of the torques. In contrast to ferromagnetic/heavy metal heterostructures, our results demonstrate that the field-like torques are significantly larger than the damping-like torques, which we correlate with the presence of a large imaginary component of the interface spin-mixing conductance. Our work demonstrates a direct way of characterizing SOT in AFM/HM heterostructures.
2112.12238v1
2022-01-04
Focusing of nonlinear eccentric waves in astrophysical discs. II. Excitation and damping of tightly-wound waves
In this paper I develop a nonlinear theory of tightly-wound (highly twisted) eccentric waves in astrophysical discs, based on the averaged Lagrangian method of Whitham. Viscous dissipation is included in the theory by use of a pseudo-Lagrangian. This work is an extension of the theory developed by Lee \& Goodman to 3D discs, with the addition of viscosity. I confirm that linear tightly-wound eccentric waves are overstable and are excited by the presence of a shear viscosity and show this persists for weakly nonlinear waves. I find the waves are damped by shear viscosity when the wave become sufficiently nonlinear, a result previously found in particulate discs. Additionally I compare the results of this model to recent simulations of eccentric waves propagating in the inner regions of black hole discs and show that an ingoing eccentric wave can be strongly damped near the marginally stable orbit, resulting in a nearly circular disc with a strong azimuthal variation in the disc density.
2201.01156v1
2022-01-12
Local Well-Posedness of the Gravity-Capillary Water Waves System in the Presence of Geometry and Damping
We consider the gravity-capillary water waves problem in a domain $\Omega_t \subset \mathbb{T} \times \mathbb{R}$ with substantial geometric features. Namely, we consider a variable bottom, smooth obstacles in the flow and a constant background current. We utilize a vortex sheet model introduced by Ambrose, et. al. in arXiv:2108.01786. We show that the water waves problem is locally-in-time well-posed in this geometric setting and study the lifespan of solutions. We then add a damping term and derive evolution equations that account for the damper. Ultimately, we show that the same well-posedness and lifespan results apply to the damped system. We primarily utilize energy methods.
2201.04713v2
2022-02-04
Finite-temperature plasmons, damping and collective behavior for $α-\mathcal{T}_3$ model
We have conducted a thorough theoretical and numerical investigation of the electronic susceptibility, polarizability, plasmons, their damping rates, as well as the static screening in pseudospin-1 Dirac cone materials with a flat band, or for a general $\alpha - \mathcal{T}_3$ model, at finite temperatures. This includes calculating the polarization function, plasmon dispersions and their damping rates at arbitrary temperatures and obtaining analytical approximations the long wavelength limit, low and high temperatures. We demonstrate that the integral transformation of the polarization function cannot be used directly for a dice lattice revealing some fundamental properties and important applicability limits of the flat band dispersions model. At $k_B T \ll E_F$, the largest temperature-induced change of the polarization function and plasmons comes from the mismatch between the chemical potential and the Fermi energy. We have also obtained a series of closed-form semi-analytical expressions for the static limit of the polarization function of an arbitrary $\alpha - \mathcal{T}_3$ material at any temperature with exact analytical formulas for the high, low and zero temperature limits which is of tremendous importance for all types of transport and screening calculations for the flat band Dirac materials.
2202.01945v1
2022-02-04
Enhancing the Formation of Wigner Negativity in a Kerr Oscillator via Quadrature Squeezing
Motivated by quantum experiments with nanomechanical systems, the evolution of a Kerr oscillator with focus on creation of states with a negative Wigner function is investigated. Using the phase space formalism, results are presented that demonstrate an asymptotic behavior in the large squeezing regime for the negativity of a squeezed vacuum state under unitary evolution. The analysis and model are extended to squeezed vacuum states of open systems, adding the decoherence effects of damping and dephasing. To increase experimental relevance, the regime of strong damping is considered. These effects are investigated, yielding similar asymptotic results for the behavior of these effects in the large squeezing regime. Combining these results, it is shown that a weak nonlinearity as compared to damping may be improved by increasing the squeezing of the initial state. It is also shown that this may be done without exacerbating the effects of dephasing.
2202.02285v1
2022-02-11
Spin stiffness, spectral weight, and Landau damping of magnons in metallic spiral magnets
We analyze the properties of magnons in metallic electron systems with spiral magnetic order. Our analysis is based on the random phase approximation for the susceptibilities of tight binding electrons with a local Hubbard interaction in two or three dimensions. We identify three magnon branches from poles in the susceptibilities, one associated with in-plane, the other two associated with out-of-plane fluctuations of the spiral order parameter. We derive general expressions for the spin stiffnesses and the spectral weights of the magnon modes, from which also the magnon velocities can be obtained. Moreover, we determine the size of the decay rates of the magnons due to Landau damping. While the decay rate of the in-plane mode is of the order of its excitation energy, the decay rate of the out-of-plane mode is smaller so that these modes are asymptotically stable excitations even in the presence of Landau damping.
2202.05660v1
2022-02-16
On the strong convergence of the trajectories of a Tikhonov regularized second order dynamical system with asymptotically vanishing damping
This paper deals with a second order dynamical system with vanishing damping that contains a Tikhonov regularization term, in connection to the minimization problem of a convex Fr\'echet differentiable function $g$. We show that for appropriate Tikhonov regularization parameters the value of the objective function in a generated trajectory converges fast to the global minimum of the objective function and a trajectory generated by the dynamical system converges weakly to a minimizer of the objective function. We also obtain the fast convergence of the velocities towards zero and some integral estimates. Nevertheless, our main goal is to extend and improve some recent results obtained in \cite{ABCR} and \cite{AL-nemkoz} concerning the strong convergence of the generated trajectories to an element of minimal norm from the $\argmin$ set of the objective function $g$. Our analysis also reveals that the damping coefficient and the Tikhonov regularization coefficient are strongly correlated.
2202.08980v1
2022-04-01
Effect of interfacial spin mixing conductance on gyromagnetic ratio of Gd substituted Y$_{3}$Fe$_{5}$O$_{12}$
Due to its low intrinsic damping, Y$_3$Fe$_5$O$_{12}$ and its substituted variations are often used for ferromagnetic layer at spin pumping experiment. Spin pumping is an interfacial spin current generation in the interface of ferromagnet and non-magnetic metal, governed by spin mixing conductance parameter $G^{\uparrow\downarrow}$. $G^{\uparrow\downarrow}$ has been shown to enhance the damping of the ferromagnetic layer. The theory suggested that the effect of $G^{\uparrow\downarrow}$ on gyromagnetic ratio only come from its negligible imaginary part. In this article, we show that the different damping of ferrimagnetic lattices induced by $G^{\uparrow\downarrow}$ can affect the gyromagnetic ratio of Gd-substituted Y$_3$Fe$_5$O$_{12}$.
2204.00310v1
2022-04-04
A Vanka-based parameter-robust multigrid relaxation for the Stokes-Darcy Brinkman problems
We propose a block-structured multigrid relaxation scheme for solving the Stokes-Darcy Brinkman equations discretized by the marker and cell scheme. An element-based additive Vanka smoother is used to solve the corresponding shifted Laplacian operator. Using local Fourier analysis, we present the stencil for the additive Vanka smoother and derive an optimal smoothing factor for Vanka-based Braess-Sarazin relaxation for the Stokes-Darcy Brinkman equations. Although the optimal damping parameter is dependent on meshsize and physical parameter, it is very close to one. Numerical results of two-grid and V(1,1)-cycle are presented, which show high efficiency of the proposed relaxation scheme and its robustness to physical parameters and the meshsize. Using a damping parameter equal to one gives almost the same results as these for the optimal damping parameter at a lower computational overhead.
2204.01237v1
2022-04-19
Blow-up and lifespan estimate for wave equations with critical damping term of space-dependent type related to Glassey conjecture
The main purpose of the present paper is to study the blow-up problem of the wave equation with space-dependent damping in the \textit{scale-invariant case} and time derivative nonlinearity with small initial data. Under appropriate initial data which are compactly supported, by using a test function method and taking into account the effect of the damping term ($\frac{\mu}{\sqrt{1+|x|^2}}u_t$), we provide that in higher dimensions the blow-up region is given by $p \in (1, p_G(N+\mu)]$ where $p_G(N)$ is the Glassey exponent. Furthermore, we shall establish a blow-up region, independent of $\mu$ given by $p\in (1, 1+\frac{2}{N}),$ for appropriate initial data in the energy space with noncompact support.
2204.09156v1
2022-04-28
Strong coupling of quantum emitters and the exciton polariton in MoS$_2$ nanodisks
As a quasiparticle formed by light and excitons in semiconductors, the exciton-polariton (EP) as a quantum bus is promising for the development of quantum interconnect devices at room temperature. However, the significant damping of EPs in the material generally causes a loss of quantum information. We propose a mechanism to overcome the destructive effect of a damping EP on its mediated correlation dynamics of quantum emitters (QEs). Via an investigation of the near-field coupling between two QEs and the EP in a monolayer MoS$_{2}$ nanodisk, we find that, with the complete dissipation of the QEs efficiently avoided, a persistent quantum correlation between the QEs can be generated and stabilized even to their steady state. This is due to the fact that, with upon decreasing the QE-MoS$_2$ distance, the QEs become so hybridized with the EP that one or two bound states are formed between them. Our result supplies a useful way to avoid the destructive impact of EP damping, and it refreshes our understanding of the light-matter interaction in absorbing medium.
2204.13383v2
2022-05-09
Scalable all-optical cold damping of levitated nanoparticles
The field of levitodynamics has made significant progress towards controlling and studying the motion of a levitated nanoparticle. Motional control relies on either autonomous feedback via a cavity or measurement-based feedback via external forces. Recent demonstrations of measurement-based ground-state cooling of a single nanoparticle employ linear velocity feedback, also called cold damping, and require the use of electrostatic forces on charged particles via external electrodes. Here we introduce a novel all-optical cold damping scheme based on spatial modulation of the trap position that is scalable to multiple particles. The scheme relies on using programmable optical tweezers to provide full independent control over trap frequency and position of each tweezer. We show that the technique cools the center-of-mass motion of particles down to $17\,$mK at a pressure of $2 \times 10^{-6}\,$mbar and demonstrate its scalability by simultaneously cooling the motion of two particles. Our work paves the way towards studying quantum interactions between particles, achieving 3D quantum control of particle motion without cavity-based cooling, electrodes or charged particles, and probing multipartite entanglement in levitated optomechanical systems.
2205.04455v1
2022-06-08
Thermal ion kinetic effects and Landau damping in fishbone modes
The kinetic-MHD hybrid simulation approach for macroscopic instabilities in plasmas can be extended to include the kinetic effects of both thermal ions and energetic ions. The new coupling scheme includes synchronization of density and parallel velocity between thermal ions and MHD, in addition to pressure coupling, to ensure the quasineutrality condition and avoid numerical errors. The new approach has been implemented in the kinetic-MHD code M3D-C1-K, and was used to study the thermal ion kinetic effects and Landau damping in fishbone modes in both DIII-D and NSTX. It is found that the thermal ion kinetic effects can cause an increase of the frequencies of the non-resonant $n=1$ fishbone modes driven by energetic particles for $q_\mathrm{min}>1$, and Landau damping can provide additional stabilization effects. A nonlinear simulation for $n=1$ fishbone mode in NSTX is also performed, and the perturbation on magnetic flux surfaces and the transport of energetic particles are calculated.
2206.03648v1
2022-07-12
Resonant Multilevel Amplitude Damping Channels
We introduce a new set of quantum channels: resonant multilevel amplitude damping (ReMAD) channels. Among other instances, they can describe energy dissipation effects in multilevel atomic systems induced by the interaction with a zero-temperature bosonic environment. At variance with the already known class of multilevel amplitude damping (MAD) channels, this new class of maps allows the presence of an environment unable to discriminate transitions with identical energy gaps. After characterizing the algebra of their composition rules, by analyzing the qutrit case, we show that this new set of channels can exhibit degradability and antidegradability in vast regions of the allowed parameter space. There we compute their quantum capacity and private classical capacity. We show that these capacities can be computed exactly also in regions of the parameter space where the channels aren't degradable nor antidegradable.
2207.05646v2
2022-07-14
Estimates for the nonlinear viscoelastic damped wave equation on compact Lie groups
Let $G$ be a compact Lie group. In this article, we investigate the Cauchy problem for a nonlinear wave equation with the viscoelastic damping on $G$. More preciously, we investigate some $L^2$-estimates for the solution to the homogeneous nonlinear viscoelastic damped wave equation on $G$ utilizing the group Fourier transform on $G$. We also prove that there is no improvement of any decay rate for the norm $\|u(t,\cdot)\|_{L^2(G)}$ by further assuming the $L^1(G)$-regularity of initial data. Finally, using the noncommutative Fourier analysis on compact Lie groups, we prove a local in time existence result in the energy space $\mathcal{C}^1([0,T],H^1_{\mathcal L}(G)).$
2207.06645v3
2022-08-04
Normal and Quasinormal Modes of Holographic Multiquark Star
The quadrupole normal-mode oscillation frequency $f_{n}$ of multiquark star are computed for $n=1-5$. At the transition from low to high density multiquark in the core region, the first 2 modes jump to larger values, a distinctive signature of the presence of the high-density core. When the star oscillation couples with spacetime, gravitational waves~(GW) will be generated and the star will undergo damped oscillation. The quasinormal modes~(QNMs) of the oscillation are computed using two methods, direct scan and WKB, for QNMs with small and large imaginary parts respectively. The small imaginary QNMs have frequencies $1.5-2.6$ kHz and damping times $0.19-1.7$ secs for multiquark star with mass $M=0.6-2.1 M_{\odot}$~(solar mass). The WKB QNMs with large imaginary parts have frequencies $5.98-9.81$ kHz and damping times $0.13-0.46$ ms for $M\simeq 0.3-2.1 M_{\odot}$. They are found to be the fluid $f-$modes and spacetime curvature $w-$modes respectively.
2208.02761v2
2022-08-10
Erasure qubits: Overcoming the $T_1$ limit in superconducting circuits
The amplitude damping time, $T_1$, has long stood as the major factor limiting quantum fidelity in superconducting circuits, prompting concerted efforts in the material science and design of qubits aimed at increasing $T_1$. In contrast, the dephasing time, $T_{\phi}$, can usually be extended above $T_1$ (via, e.g., dynamical decoupling), to the point where it does not limit fidelity. In this article we propose a scheme for overcoming the conventional $T_1$ limit on fidelity by designing qubits in a way that amplitude damping errors can be detected and converted into erasure errors. Compared to standard qubit implementations our scheme improves the performance of fault-tolerant protocols, as numerically demonstrated by the circuit-noise simulations of the surface code. We describe two simple qubit implementations with superconducting circuits and discuss procedures for detecting amplitude damping errors, performing entangling gates, and extending $T_\phi$. Our results suggest that engineering efforts should focus on improving $T_\phi$ and the quality of quantum coherent control, as they effectively become the limiting factor on the performance of fault-tolerant protocols.
2208.05461v1
2022-08-12
Critical exponent for nonlinear wave equations with damping and potential terms
The aim of this paper is to determine the critical exponent for the nonlinear wave equations with damping and potential terms of the scale invariant order, by assuming that these terms satisfy a special relation. We underline that our critical exponent is different from the one for related equations such as the nonlinear wave equation without lower order terms, only with a damping term, and only with a potential term. Moreover, we study the effect of the decaying order of initial data at spatial infinity. In fact, we prove that not only the lower order terms but also the order of the initial data affects the critical exponent, as well as the sharp upper and lower bounds of the maximal existence time of the solution.
2208.06106v3
2022-08-17
Conservation laws and variational structure of damped nonlinear wave equations
All low-order conservation laws are found for a general class of nonlinear wave equations in one dimension with linear damping which is allowed to be time-dependent. Such equations arise in numerous physical applications and have attracted much attention in analysis. The conservation laws describe generalized momentum and boost momentum, conformal momentum, generalized energy, dilational energy, and light-cone energies. Both the conformal momentum and dilational energy have no counterparts for nonlinear undamped wave equations in one dimension. All of the conservation laws are obtainable through Noether's theorem, which is applicable because the damping term can be transformed into a time-dependent self-interaction term by a change of dependent variable. For several of the conservation laws, the corresponding variational symmetries have a novel form which is different than any of the well known variation symmetries admitted by nonlinear undamped wave equations in one dimension.
2208.08026v2
2022-08-27
Impact of the free-streaming neutrinos to the second order induced gravitational waves
The damping effect of the free-streaming neutrinos on the second order gravitational waves is investigated in detail. We solve the Boltzmann equation and give the anisotropic stress induced by neutrinos to second order. The first order tensor and its coupling with scalar perturbations induced gravitational waves are considered. We give the analytic equations of the damping kernel functions and finally obtain the energy density spectrum. The results show that the free-streaming neutrinos suppress the density spectrum significantly for low frequency gravitational waves and enlarge the logarithmic slope $n$ in the infrared region ($k \ll k_*$) of the spectrum. For the spectrum of $k_*\sim 10^{-7}$Hz, the damping effect in the range of $k<k_*$ is significant. The combined effect of the first and second order could reduce the amplitude by $30\%$ and make $n$ jump from $1.54$ to $1.63$ at $k\sim 10^{-9}$Hz, which may be probed by the pulsar timing arrays (PTA) in the future.
2208.12948v1
2022-08-28
The small mass limit for long time statistics of a stochastic nonlinear damped wave equation
We study the long time statistics of a class of semi--linear damped wave equations with polynomial nonlinearities and perturbed by additive Gaussian noise in dimensions 2 and 3. We find that if sufficiently many directions in the phase space are stochastically forced, the system is exponentially attractive toward its unique invariant measure with a convergent rate that is uniform with respect to the mass. Then, in the small mass limit, we prove the convergence of the first marginal of the invariant measures in a suitable Wasserstein distance toward the unique invariant measure of a stochastic reaction--diffusion equation. This together with uniform geometric ergodcity implies the validity of the small mass limit for the solutions on the infinite time horizon $[0,\infty)$, thereby extending previously known results established for the damped wave equations under Lipschitz nonlinearities.
2208.13287v2
2022-08-30
Results on high energy galactic cosmic rays from the DAMPE space mission
DAMPE (Dark Matter Particle Explorer) is a satellite-born experiment launched in 2015 in a sun-synchronous orbit at 500 km altitude, and it has been taking data in stable conditions ever since. Its main goals include the spectral measurements up to very high energies, cosmic electrons/positrons and gamma rays up to tens of TeV, and protons and nuclei up to hundreds of TeV. The detector's main features include the 32 radiation lengths deep calorimeter and large geometric acceptance, making DAMPE one of the most powerful space instruments in operation, covering with high statistics and small systematics the high energy frontier up to several hundreds TeV. The results of spectral measurements of different species are shown and discussed.
2208.14300v2
2022-09-05
Generation and routing of nanoscale droplet solitons without compensation of magnetic damping
Magnetic droplet soliton is a localized dynamic spin state which can serve as a nanoscale information carrier and nonlinear oscillator. The present opinion is that the formation of droplet solitons requires the compensation of magnetic damping by a torque created by a spin-polarized electric current or pure spin current. Here we demonstrate theoretically that nanoscale droplet solitons can be generated and routed in ferromagnetic nanostructures with voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy in the presence of uncompensated magnetic damping. Performing micromagnetic simulations for the MgO/Fe/MgO trilayer with almost perpendicular-to-plane magnetization, we reveal the formation of the droplet soliton under a nanoscale gate electrode subjected to a sub-nanosecond voltage pulse. The soliton lives up to 50 ns at room temperature and can propagate over micrometer distances in a ferromagnetic waveguide due to nonzero gradient of the demagnetizing field. Furthermore, we show that an electrical routing of the soliton to different outputs of a spintronic device can be realized with the aid of an additional semiconducting nanostripe electrode creating controllable gradient of the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy.
2209.01893v1
2022-09-06
Emergence of damped-localized excitations of the Mott state due to disorder
A key aspect of ultracold bosonic quantum gases in deep optical lattice potential wells is the realization of the strongly interacting Mott insulating phase. Many characteristics of this phase are well understood, however little is known about the effects of a random external potential on its gapped quasiparticle and quasihole low-energy excitations. In the present study we investigate the effect of disorder upon the excitations of the Mott insulating state at zero temperature described by the Bose-Hubbard model. Using a field-theoretical approach we obtain a resummed expression for the disorder ensemble average of the spectral function. Its analysis shows that disorder leads to an increase of the effective mass of both quasiparticle and quasihole excitations. Furthermore, it yields the emergence of damped states, which exponentially decay during propagation in space and dominate the whole band when disorder becomes comparable to interactions. We argue that such damped-localized states correspond to single-particle excitations of the Bose-glass phase.
2209.02435v2