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47
2007-02-07
Damping of antiferromagnetic spin waves by valence fluctuations in the double layer perovskite YBaFe2O5
Inelastic neutron scattering experiments show that spin dynamics in the charge ordered insulating ground state of the double-layer perovskite YBaFe2O5 is well described in terms of eg superexchange interactions. Above the Verwey transition at TV = 308 K, t2g double exchange-type conduction within antiferromagnetic FeO2--BaO--FeO2 double layers proceeds by an electron hopping process that requires a spin flip of the five-fold coordinated Fe ions, costing an energy 5<J>S^2 of approximately 0.1 eV. The hopping process disrupts near-neighbor spin correlations, leading to massive damping of zone-boundary spin waves.
0702181v1
2007-02-20
Spin Drag and Spin-Charge Separation in Cold Fermi Gases
Low-energy spin and charge excitations of one-dimensional interacting fermions are completely decoupled and propagate with different velocities. These modes however can decay due to several possible mechanisms. In this paper we expose a new facet of spin-charge separation: not only the speeds but also the damping rates of spin and charge excitations are different. While the propagation of long-wavelength charge excitations is essentially ballistic, spin propagation is intrinsically damped and diffusive. We suggest that cold Fermi gases trapped inside a tight atomic waveguide offer the opportunity to measure the spin-drag relaxation rate that controls the broadening of a spin packet.
0702466v1
1996-07-23
Quasinormal modes of nearly extreme Reissner-Nordstrom black holes
We present detailed calculations of the quasinormal modes of Reissner-Nordstrom black holes. While the first few, slowly damped, modes depend on the charge of the black hole in a relatively simple way, we find that the rapidly damped modes show several peculiar features. The higher modes generally spiral into the value for the extreme black hole as the charge increases. We also discuss the possible existence of a purely imaginary mode for the Schwarzschild black hole: Our data suggest that there is a quasinormal mode that limits to $\omega M = -2i$ as $Q\to 0$.
9607054v1
1996-08-22
Gravitational Ionization: A Chaotic Net in the Kepler System
The long term nonlinear dynamics of a Keplerian binary system under the combined influences of gravitational radiation damping and external tidal perturbations is analyzed. Gravitational radiation reaction leads the binary system towards eventual collapse, while the external periodic perturbations could lead to the ionization of the system via Arnold diffusion. When these two opposing tendencies nearly balance each other, interesting chaotic behavior occurs that is briefly studied in this paper. It is possible to show that periodic orbits can exist in this system for sufficiently small damping. Moreover, we employ the method of averaging to investigate the phenomenon of capture into resonance.
9608054v1
1999-11-11
Inertial Control of the VIRGO Superattenuator
The VIRGO superattenuator (SA) is effective in depressing the seismic noise below the thermal noise level above 4 Hz. On the other hand, the residual mirror motion associated to the SA normal modes can saturate the dynamics of the interferometer locking system. This motion is reduced implementing a wideband (DC-5 Hz) multidimensional control (the so called inertial damping) which makes use of both accelerometers and position sensors and of a DSP system. Feedback forces are exerted by coil-magnet actuators on the top of the inverted pendulum. The inertial damping is successful in reducing the mirror motion within the requirements. The results are presented.
9911044v1
2002-10-30
Massive charged scalar field in a Reissner-Nordstrom black hole background: quasinormal ringing
We compute characteristic (quasinormal) frequencies corresponding to decay of a massive charged scalar field in a Reissner-Nordstrom black hole background. It proves that, contrary to the behavior at very late times, at the stage of quasinormal ringing the neutral perturbations will damp slower than the charged ones. In the limit of the extremal black hole the damping rate of charged and neutral perturbations coincides. Possible connection of this with the critical collapse in a massive scalar electrodynamics is discussed.
0210105v3
2003-03-20
Dirac Quasi-Normal Modes in Schwarzschild Black Hole Spacetimes
We evaluate both the massless and the massive Dirac quasi-normal mode frequencies in the Schwarzschild black hole spacetime using the WKB approximation. For the massless case, we find that, similar to those for the integral spin fields, the real parts of the frequencies increase with the angular momentum number $\kappa$, while the imaginary parts or the dampings increase with the mode number $n$ for fixed $\kappa$. For the massive case, the oscillation frequencies increase with the mass $m$ of the field, while the dampings decrease. Fields with higher masses will therefore decay more slowly.
0303078v1
2003-07-31
Effects of electrical charging on the mechanical Q of a fused silica disk
We report on the effects of an electrical charge on mechanical loss of a fused silica disk. A degradation of Q was seen that correlated with charge on the surface of the sample. We examine a number of models for charge damping, including eddy current damping and loss due to polarization. We conclude that rubbing friction between the sample and a piece of dust attracted by the charged sample is the most likely explanation for the observed loss.
0308001v1
2004-09-15
Rippled Cosmological Dark Matter from Damped Oscillating Newton Constant
Let the reciprocal Newton 'constant' be an apparently non-dynamical Brans-Dicke scalar field damped oscillating towards its General Relativistic VEV. We show, without introducing additional matter fields or dust, that the corresponding cosmological evolution averagely resembles, in the Jordan frame, the familiar dark radiation -> dark matter -> dark energy domination sequence. The fingerprints of our theory are fine ripples, hopefully testable, in the FRW scale factor; they die away at the General Relativity limit. The possibility that the Brans-Dicke scalar also serves as the inflaton is favorably examined.
0409059v2
2004-10-06
Thermoelastic-damping noise from sapphire mirrors in a fundamental-noise-limited interferometer
We report the first high-precision interferometer using large sapphire mirrors, and we present the first direct, broadband measurements of the fundamental thermal noise in these mirrors. Our results agree well with the thermoelastic-damping noise predictions of Braginsky, et al. [Phys. Lett. A 264, 1(1999)] and Cerdonio, et al.[Phys. Rev. D 63, 082003 (2001)], which have been used to predict the astrophysical reach of advanced interferometric gravitational wave detectors.
0410028v1
2004-10-28
Gravitational waves from neutron stars described by modern EOS
The frequencies and damping times of neutron star (and quark star) oscillations have been computed using the most recent equations of state available in the literature. We find that some of the empirical relations that connect the frequencies and damping times of the modes to the mass and radius of the star, and that were previously derived in the literature need to be modified.
0410140v1
2005-06-08
Resonant growth of stellar oscillations by incident gravitational waves
Stellar oscillation under the combined influences of incident gravitational wave and radiation loss is studied in a simple toy model. The star is approximated as a uniform density ellipsoid in the Newtonian gravity including radiation damping through quadrupole formula. The time evolution of the oscillation is significantly controlled by the incident wave amplitude $h$, frequency $\nu$ and damping time $\tau$. If a combination $ h \nu \tau $ exceeds a threshold value, which depends on the resonance mode, the resonant growth is realized.
0506047v1
2006-11-28
Massive scalar field quasinormal modes of a Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by quintessence
We present the quasinormal frequencies of the massive scalar field in the background of a Schwarzchild black hole surrounded by quintessence with the third-order WKB method. The mass of the scalar field $u$ plays an important role in studying the quasinormal frequencies, the real part of the frequencies increases linearly as mass $u$ increases, while the imaginary part in absolute value decreases linearly which leads to damping more slowly and the frequencies having a limited value. Moreover, owing to the presence of the quintessence, the massive scalar field damps more slowly.
0611146v2
1992-09-24
Non-Abelian Boltzmann Equation for Mixing and Decoherence
We consider particle oscillations and their damping in second-quantized form. We find that the damping or "decoherence" may be described by a Boltzmann-like collision integral with "non-abelian blocking factors" (fermions). Earlier results are generalized in that the momentum degrees of freedom are included and that the mixing equations become intrinsically non-linear at high densities.
9209276v1
1993-06-03
The heavy fermion damping rate puzzle
: We examine again the problem of the damping rate of a moving heavy fermion in a hot plasma within the resummed perturbative theory of Pisarski and Braaten. The ansatz for its evaluation which relates it to the imaginary part of the fermion propagator pole in the framework of a self-consistent approach is critically analyzed. As already pointed out by various authors, the only way to define the rate is through additional implementation of magnetic screening. We show in detail how the ansatz works in this case and where we disagree with other authors. We conclude that the self-consistent approach is not satisfactory.
9306219v1
1993-09-03
Damping Rate of a Fermion in a Medium
We examine the relation between the damping rate of a massless, chiral fermion that propagates in a medium, and the rate $\Gamma$ of approach to equilibrium. It is proven that these quantities are equal, by showing that they are given by the same formula in terms of the imaginary part of the self-energy evaluated at the energy of the propagating fermion mode. This result is valid provided $\Gamma$ is defined by using the appropriate wave functions of the mode.
9309225v2
1994-03-22
On the Damping Rate of a Fast Fermion in Hot QED
The self-consistent determination of the damping rate of a fast moving fermion in a hot QED plasma is reexamined. We argue how a detailed investigation of the analytic properties of the retarded fermion Green's function motivated by the cutting rules at finite temperature may resolve ambiguities related to the proper definition of the mass-shell condition.
9403335v1
1994-09-12
Fermion damping rate in a hot medium
In principle every excitation acquires a finite lifetime in a hot system. This nonzero spectral width is calculated self-consistently for massive fermions coupled to massless scalar, vector and pseudoscalar bosons. It is shown that the self-consistent summation of the corresponding Fock diagram for fermions eliminates all infrared divergences although the bosons are not screened at all. Our solutions for the fermion damping rate are analytical in the coupling constant, but not analytical in the temperature parameter around T=0.
9409280v2
1994-09-22
Lyapunov Exponent and Plasmon Damping Rate in Nonabelian Gauge Theories
We explain why the maximal positive Lyapunov exponent of classical SU($N$) gauge theory coincides with (twice) the damping rate of a plasmon at rest in the leading order of thermal gauge theory. [This is a substantially revised and expanded version of the manuscript.]
9409392v2
1994-12-20
Baryogenesis and damping in nonminimal electroweak models
We study the effect of damping on the generation of baryon asymmetry of the Universe in the standard model of the eletroweak theory with simple extensions of the Higgs sector. The propagation of quarks of masses up to about 5 GeV are considered, taking into account their markedly different dispersion relations due to interaction with the hot electroweak plasma. It is argued that the contribution of the b quark can be comparable to that of the t quark calculated earlier.
9412330v1
1998-10-07
Classical Kinetic Theory of Landau Damping for Self-interacting Scalar Fields in the Broken Phase
The classical kinetic theory of one-component self-interacting scalar fields is formulated in the broken symmetry phase and applied to the phenomenon of Landau damping. The domain of validity of the classical approach is found by comparing with the result of a 1-loop quantum calculation.
9810278v2
1999-08-02
Plasma wave instabilities induced by neutrinos
Quantum field theory is applied to study the interaction of an electron plasma with an intense neutrino flux. A connection is established between the field theory results and classical kinetic theory. The dispersion relation and damping rate of the plasma longitudinal waves are derived in the presence of neutrinos. It is shown that Supernova neutrinos are never collimated enough to cause non-linear effects associated with a neutrino resonance. They only induce neutrino Landau damping, linearly proportional to the neutrino flux and $G_{\mathrm{F}}^{2}$.
9908206v2
1999-09-27
Radiation Damping at a Bubble Wall
The first order phase transition proceeds via nucleation and growth of true vacuum bubbles. When charged particles collide with the bubble they could radiate electromagnetic wave. We show that, due to an energy loss of the particles by the radiation, the damping pressure acting on the bubble wall depends on the velocity of the wall even in a thermal equilibrium state.
9909521v1
1999-10-08
Lifetime of Collective Isospin Rotations of a Quantum Meson Field
We calculate the lifetime of the collective isospin rotating solutions which have been found recently in the case a quantum N-component meson field with exact O(N) symmetry. For this purpose we take into account the small breaking of the O(N) symmetry associated to the non vanishing mass of the pion. This term induces a coupling between collective rotations and intrinsic meson excitations. We evaluate the associated damping time in the framework of linear response theory. We find damping times of the order of 100 fm/c, i.e. substantially longer than reaction times.
9910276v1
2000-02-08
Finite pion width effects on the rho-meson and di-lepton spectra
Within a field theoretical model where all damping width effects are treated self-consistently we study the changes of the spectral properties of rho-mesons due to the finite damping width of the pions in dense hadronic matter at finite temperature. The corresponding effects in the di-lepton yields are presented. Some problems concerning the self consistent treatment of vector or gauge bosons are discussed.
0002087v1
2000-08-31
Damping of very soft moving quarks in high-temperature QCD
We determine the analytic expression of the damping rates for very soft moving quarks in an expansion to second order in powers of their momentum in the context of QCD at high temperature. The calculation is performed using the hard-thermal-loop-summed perturbation scheme. We describe the range of validity of the expansion and make a comparison with other calculations, particularly those using a magnetic mass as a shield from infrared sensitivity. We discuss the possible occurrence of infrared divergences in our results and argue that they are due to magnetic sensitivity.
0008335v1
2000-09-27
Damping of the HERA effect in DIS?
The drastic rise of the proton structure function F_2(x,Q^2) when the Bj\"orken variable x decreases, seen at HERA for a large span of Q^2, negative values for the 4-momentum transfer, may be damped when Q^2 increases beyond several hundreds GeV^2. A new data analysis and a comparison with recent models for the proton structure function is proposed to discuss this phenomenon in terms of the derivative \partial ln F_2(x,Q^2)/\partial ln(1/x).
0009313v2
2001-12-13
Time evolution in linear response: Boltzmann equations and beyond
In this work a perturbative linear response analysis is performed for the time evolution of the quasi-conserved charge of a scalar field. One can find two regimes, one follows exponential damping, where the damping rate is shown to come from quantum Boltzmann equations. The other regime (coming from multiparticle cuts and products of them) decays as power law. The most important, non-oscillating contribution in our model comes from a 4-particle intermediate state and decays as 1/t^3. These results may have relevance for instance in the context of lepton number violation in the Early Universe.
0112188v1
2002-04-26
Oscillation damping of chiral string loops
Chiral cosmic string loop tends to the stationary (vorton) configuration due to the energy loss into the gravitational and electromagnetic radiation. We describe the asymptotic behaviour of near stationary chiral loops and their fading to vortons. General limits on the gravitational and electromagnetic energy losses by near stationary chiral loops are found. For these loops we estimate the oscillation damping time. We present solvable examples of gravitational radiation energy loss by some chiral loop configurations. The analytical dependence of string energy with time is found in the case of the chiral ring with small amplitude radial oscillations.
0204304v1
2004-02-06
Critical Behavior of Damping Rate for Plasmon with Finite Momentum in φ^4 Theory
Applying thermal renormalization group (TRG) equations to $\phi^4$ theory with spontaneous breaking symmetry, we investigate the critical behavior of the damping rate for the plasmons with finite momentum at the symmetry-restoring phase transition. From the TRG equation the IR cutoff provided by the external momentum leads to that the momentum-dependent coupling constant stops running in the critical region. As the result, the critical slowing down phenomenon reflecting the inherently IR effect doesn't take place at the critical point for the plasmon with finite external momentum.
0402069v2
2005-11-22
Ultrasoft Quark Damping in Hot QCD
We determine the quark damping rates in the context of next-to-leading order hard-thermal-loop summed perturbation of high-temperature QCD where weak coupling is assumed. The quarks are ultrasoft. Three types of divergent behavior are encountered: infrared, light-cone and at specific points determined by the gluon energies. The infrared divergence persists and is logarithmic whereas the two others are circumvented.
0511258v1
2006-03-10
Numerical Approach to Multi Dimensional Phase Transitions
We present an algorithm to analyze numerically the bounce solution of first-order phase transitions. Our approach is well suited to treat phase transitions with several fields. The algorithm consists of two parts. In the first part the bounce solution without damping is determined, in which case energy is conserved. In the second part the continuation to the physically relevant case with damping is performed. The presented approach is numerically stable and easily implemented.
0603081v2
1994-06-22
Damped quantum harmonic oscillator: density operator and related quantities
A closed expression for the density operator of the damped harmonic oscillator is extracted from the master equation based on the Lindblad theory for open quantum systems. The entropy and effective temperature of the system are subsequently calculated and their temporal behaviour is surveyed by showing how these quantities relax to their equilibrium values. The entropy for a state characterized by a Wigner distribution function which is Gaussian in form is found to depend only on the variance of the distribution function.
9406142v1
1997-05-09
Radiation Damping of a BPS Monopole; an Implication to S-duality
The radiation reaction of a BPS monopole in the presence of incident electromagnetic waves as well as massless Higgs waves is analyzed classically. The reactive forces are compared to those of $W$ boson that is interpreted as a dual partner of the BPS monopole. It is shown that the damping of acceleration is dual to each other, while in the case of finite size effects the duality is broken explicitly. Their implications on the duality are discussed.
9705059v2
1997-07-02
The Asymptotic Method Developed from Weak Turbulent Theory and the Nonlinear Permeability and Damping Rate in QGP
With asymptotic method developed from weak turbulent theory, the kinetic equations for QGP are expanded in fluctuation field potential $A^T_\mu $. Considering the second-order and third-order currents, we derive the nonlinear permeability tensor function from Yang-Mills field equation, and find that the third-order current is more important in turbulent theory. The nonlinear permeability formulae for longitudinal color oscillations show that the non-Abelian effects are more important than the Abelian-like effects. To compare with other works, we give the numerical result of the damping rate for the modes with zero wave vector.
9707052v1
2005-04-07
Continuous area spectrum in regular black hole
We investigate highly damped quasinormal modes of regular black hole coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics. Using the WKB approximation combined with complex-integration technique, we show that the real part of the frequency disappears in the highly damped limit. If we use the Bohr's correspondence principle, the area spectrum of this black hole is continuous. We discuss its implication in the loop quantum gravity.
0504059v2
2005-05-16
Supersymmetrization of the Radiation Damping
We construct a supersymmetrized version of the model to the radiation damping \cite{03} introduced by the present authors \cite{ACWF}. We dicuss its symmetries and the corresponding conserved Noether charges. It is shown this supersymmetric version provides a supersymmetric generalization of the Galilei algebra obtained in \cite{ACWF}. We have shown that the supersymmetric action can be splited into dynamically independent external and internal sectors.
0505142v1
1999-08-16
Topological Entropy and epsilon-Entropy for Damped Hyperbolic Equations
We study damped hyperbolic equations on the infinite line. We show that on the global attracting set $G$ the $\epsilon$-entropy (per unit length) exists in the topology of $W^{1,\infty}$. We also show that the topological entropy per unit length of $G$ exists. These results are shown using two main techniques: Bounds in bounded domains in position space and for large momenta, and a novel submultiplicativity argument in $W^{1,\infty}$.
9908080v1
2003-11-28
Uniform stability of damped nonlinear vibrations of an elastic string
Here we are concerned about uniform stability of damped nonlinear transverse vibrations of an elastic string fixed at its two ends. The vibrations governed by nonlinear integro-differential equation of Kirchoff type, is shown to possess energy uniformly bounded by exponentially decaying function of time. The result is achieved by considering an energy-like Lyapunov functional for the system.
0311527v1
2005-07-06
On stability and stabilization of elastic systems by time-variant feedback
We study a class of elastic systems described by a (hyperbolic) partial differential equation. Our working example is the equation of a vibrating string subject to linear disturbance. The main goal is to establish conditions for stabilization and asymptotic stabilization by applying a fast oscillating control to the string. In the first situation studied we assume that system is subject to a damping force; next we consider the system without damping. We extend the tools of high-order averaging and of chronological calculus for studying stability of this distributed parameter system.
0507123v1
2006-01-13
Attractors for damped hyperbolic equations on arbitrary unbounded domains
We prove existence of global attractors for damped hyperbolic equations of the form $$\aligned \eps u_{tt}+\alpha(x) u_t+\beta(x)u- \sum_{ij}(a_{ij}(x) u_{x_j})_{x_i}&=f(x,u),\quad x\in \Omega, t\in[0,\infty[, u(x,t)&=0,\quad x\in \partial \Omega, t\in[,\infty[.\endaligned$$ on an unbounded domain $\Omega$, without smoothness assumptions on $\beta(\cdot)$, $a_{ij}(\cdot)$, $f(\cdot,u)$ and $\partial\Omega$, and $f(x,\cdot)$ having critical or subcritical growth.
0601319v3
2007-02-07
Finite time blow-up results for the damped wave equations with arbitrary initial energy in an inhomogeneous medium
In this paper we consider the long time behavior of solutions of the initial value problem for the damped wave equation of the form \begin{eqnarray*} u_{tt}-\rho(x)^{-1}\Delta u+u_t+m^2u=f(u) \end{eqnarray*} with some $\rho(x)$ and $f(u)$ on the whole space $\R^n$ ($n\geq 3$). For the low initial energy case, which is the non-positive initial energy, based on concavity argument we prove the blow up result. As for the high initial energy case, we give out sufficient conditions of the initial datum such that the corresponding solution blows up in finite time.
0702190v1
2007-03-09
Analyticity and Riesz basis property of semigroups associated to damped vibrations
Second order equations of the form $z'' + A_0 z + D z'=0$ in an abstract Hilbert space are considered. Such equations are often used as a model for transverse motions of thin beams in the presence of damping. We derive various properties of the operator matrix $A$ associated with the second order problem above. We develop sufficient conditions for analyticity of the associated semigroup and for the existence of a Riesz basis consisting of eigenvectors and associated vectors of $A$ in the phase space.
0703247v1
2007-03-21
Existence and asymptotic behavior of $C^1$ solutions to the multidimensional compressible Euler equations with damping
In this paper, the existence and asymptotic behavior of $C^1$ solutions to the multidimensional compressible Euler equations with damping on the framework of Besov space are considered. We weaken the regularity requirement of the initial data, and improve the well-posedness results of Sideris-Thomases-Wang (Comm.P.D.E. 28 (2003) 953). The global existence lies on a crucial a-priori estimate which is proved by the spectral localization method. The main analytic tools are the Littlewood-Paley decomposition and Bony's para-product formula.
0703621v1
2000-12-22
The Vlasov-Poisson system with radiation damping
We set up and analyze a model of radiation damping within the framework of continuum mechanics, inspired by a model of post-Newtonian hydrodynamics due to Blanchet, Damour and Schaefer. In order to simplify the problem as much as possible we replace the gravitational field by the electromagnetic field and the fluid by kinetic theory. We prove that the resulting system has a well-posed Cauchy problem globally in time for general initial data and in all solutions the fields decay to zero at late times. In particular, this means that the model is free from the runaway solutions which frequently occur in descriptions of radiation reaction.
0012041v1
2003-01-17
Quantum mechanics of damped systems
We show that the quantization of a simple damped system leads to a self-adjoint Hamiltonian with a family of complex generalized eigenvalues. It turns out that they correspond to the poles of energy eigenvectors when continued to the complex energy plane. Therefore, the corresponding generalized eigenvectors may be interpreted as resonant states. We show that resonant states are responsible for the irreversible quantum dynamics of our simple model.
0301024v3
2003-07-23
Quantum Mechanics of Damped Systems II. Damping and Parabolic Potential Barrier
We investigate the resonant states for the parabolic potential barrier known also as inverted or reversed oscillator. They correspond to the poles of meromorphic continuation of the resolvent operator to the complex energy plane. As a byproduct we establish an interesting relation between parabolic cylinder functions (representing energy eigenfunctions of our system) and a class of Gel'fand distributions used in our recent paper.
0307047v1
2001-07-02
Pattern formation and localization in the forced-damped FPU lattice
We study spatial pattern formation and energy localization in the dynamics of an anharmonic chain with quadratic and quartic intersite potential subject to an optical, sinusoidally oscillating field and a weak damping. The zone-boundary mode is stable and locked to the driving field below a critical forcing that we determine analytically using an approximate model which describes mode interactions. Above such a forcing, a standing modulated wave forms for driving frequencies below the band-edge, while a ``multibreather'' state develops at higher frequencies. Of the former, we give an explicit approximate analytical expression which compares well with numerical data. At higher forcing space-time chaotic patterns are observed.
0107002v1
2003-06-16
On the influence of noise on chaos in nearly Hamiltonian systems
The simultaneous influence of small damping and white noise on Hamiltonian systems with chaotic motion is studied on the model of periodically kicked rotor. In the region of parameters where damping alone turns the motion into regular, the level of noise that can restore the chaos is studied. This restoration is created by two mechanisms: by fluctuation induced transfer of the phase trajectory to domains of local instability, that can be described by the averaging of the local instability index, and by destabilization of motion within the islands of stability by fluctuation induced parametric modulation of the stability matrix, that can be described by the methods developed in the theory of Anderson localization in one-dimensional systems.
0306024v1
2003-07-30
Faraday Wave Pattern Selection Via Multi-Frequency Forcing
We use symmetry considerations to investigate how damped modes affect pattern selection in multi-frequency forced Faraday waves. We classify and tabulate the most important damped modes and determine how the corresponding resonant triad interactions depend on the forcing parameters. The relative phase of the forcing terms may be used to enhance or suppress the nonlinear interactions. We compare our predictions with numerical results and discuss their implications for recent experiments. Our results suggest how to design multi-frequency forcing functions that favor chosen patterns in the lab.
0307056v1
2004-10-21
Stabilization mechanism for two-dimensional solitons in nonlinear parametric resonance
We consider a simple model system supporting stable solitons in two dimensions. The system is the parametrically driven damped nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation, and the soliton stabilises for sufficiently strong damping. The purpose of this note is to elucidate the stabilisation mechanism; we do this by reducing the partial differential equation to a finite-dimensional dynamical system. Our conclusion is that the negative feedback loop occurs via the enslaving of the soliton's phase, locked to the driver, to its amplitude and width.
0410044v1
2006-01-14
Vibration of the Duffing Oscillator: Effect of Fractional Damping
We have applied the Melnikov criterion to examine a global homoclinic bifurcation and transition to chaos in a case of the Duffing system with nonlinear fractional damping and external excitation. Using perturbation methods we have found a critical forcing amplitude above which the system may behave chaotically. The results have been verified by numerical simulations using standard nonlinear tools as Poincare maps and a Lyapunov exponent. Above the critical Melnikov amplitude $\mu_c$, which is the sufficient condition of a global homoclinic bifurcation, we have observed the region with a transient chaotic motion.
0601033v1
2006-11-02
Solitons in strongly driven discrete nonlinear Schrödinger-type models
Discrete solitons in the Ablowitz-Ladik (AL) and discrete nonlinear Schr\"odinger (DNLS) equations with damping and strong rapid drive are investigated. The averaged equations have the forms of the parametric AL and DNLS equations. A new type of parametric bright discrete soliton and cnoidal waves are found and the stability properties are analyzed. The analytical predictions of the perturbed inverse scattering transform are confirmed by the numerical simulations of the AL and DNLS equations with rapidly varying drive and damping.
0611004v1
2006-11-26
On the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian description of the damped linear harmonic oscillator
Using the modified Prelle- Singer approach, we point out that explicit time independent first integrals can be identified for the damped linear harmonic oscillator in different parameter regimes. Using these constants of motion, an appropriate Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalism is developed and the resultant canonical equations are shown to lead to the standard dynamical description. Suitable canonical transformations to standard Hamiltonian forms are also obtained. It is also shown that a possible quantum mechanical description can be developed either in the coordinate or momentum representations using the Hamiltonian forms.
0611048v1
1992-12-14
Microscopic Origin of Quantum Chaos in Rotational Damping
The rotational spectrum of $^{168}$Yb is calculated diagonalizing different effective interactions within the basis of unperturbed rotational bands provided by the cranked shell model. A transition between order and chaos taking place in the energy region between 1 and 2 MeV above the yrast line is observed, associated with the onset of rotational damping. It can be related to the higher multipole components of the force acting among the unperturbed rotational bands.
9212005v1
1996-12-17
Damping mechanisms of the Delta resonance in nuclei
The damping mechanisms of the Delta(1232) resonance in nuclei are studied by analyzing the quasi-free decay reactions 12C(pi+,pi+ p)11B and 12C(3He,t pi+ p)11B and the 2p emission reactions 12C(pi+,pp)10B and 12C(3He,t pp)10B. The coincidence cross sections are calculated within the framework of the isobar-hole model. It is found that the 2p emission process induced by the decay of the Delta resonance in the nucleus can be consistently described by a pi+rho+g' model for the Delta+N -> N+N decay interaction.
9612046v1
1997-11-08
Cooperative damping mechanism of the resonance in the nuclear photoabsorption
We propose a resonance damping mechanism to explain the disappearance of the peaks around the position of the resonances higher than the $\Delta$ resonance in the nuclear photoabsorption. This phenomenon is understood by taking into account the cooperative effect of the collision broadening of $\Delta$ and $N^{*}$, the pion distortion and the interference in the two-pion photoproduction processes in the nuclear medium.
9711017v4
1998-05-27
Collisional Damping of Nuclear Collective Vibrations in a Non-Markovian Transport Approach
A detailed derivation of the collisional widths of collective vibrations is presented in both quantal and semi-classical frameworks by considering the linearized limits of the extended TDHF and the BUU model with a non-Markovian binary collision term. Damping widths of giant dipole and giant quadrupole excitations are calculated by employing an effective Skyrme force, and the results are compared with GDR measurements in Lead and Tin nuclei at finite temperature.
9805050v1
1999-07-06
Probing the width of compound states with rotational gamma rays
The intrinsic width of (multiparticle-multihole) compound states is an elusive quantity, of difficult direct access, as it is masked by damping mechanisms which control the collective response of nuclei. Through microscopic cranked shell model calculations, it is found that the strength function associated with two-dimensional gamma-coincidence spectra arising from rotational transitions between states lying at energies >1 MeV above the yrast line, exhibits a two-component structure controlled by the rotational (wide component) and compound (narrow component) damping width. This last component is found to be directly related to the width of the multiparticle-multihole autocorrelation function.
9907016v1
1999-07-09
Color plasma oscillation in strangelets
The dispersion relation and damping rate of longitudinal color plasmons in finite strange quark matter (strangelets) are evaluated in the limits of weak coupling, low temperature, and long wavelength. The property of the QCD vacuum surrounding a strangelet makes the frequency of the plasmons nearly the same as the color plasma frequency of bulk matter. The plasmons are damped by their coupling with individual excitations of particle-hole pairs of quarks, of which the energy levels are discretized by the boundary. For strangelets of macroscopic size, the lifetime of the plasmons is found to be proportional to the size, as in the case of the usual plasma oscillations in metal nanoparticles.
9907039v1
1999-09-21
On the Collisional Damping of Giant Dipole Resonance
Collisional damping widths of giant dipole excitations are calculated in Thomas-Fermi approximation by employing the microscopic in-medium cross-sections of Li and Machleidt and the phenomenological Gogny force. The results obtained in both calculations compare well, but account for about 25-35% of the observed widths in $^{120}Sn$ and $^{208}Pb$ at finite temperatures.
9909057v1
2000-01-09
Strongly damped nuclear collisions: zero or first sound ?
The relaxation of the collective quadrupole motion in the initial stage of a central heavy ion collision at beam energies $E_{lab}=5\div20$ AMeV is studied within a microscopic kinetic transport model. The damping rate is shown to be a non-monotonic function of E_{lab} for a given pair of colliding nuclei. This fact is interpreted as a manifestation of the zero-to-first sound transition in a finite nuclear system.
0001016v1
2002-11-18
Collision damping in the pi 3He -> d'N reaction near the threshold
We present a simple quantum mechanical model exploiting the optical potential approach for the description of collision damping in the reaction pi 3He -> d'N near the threshold, which recently has been measured at TRIUMF. The influence of the open d'N -> NNN channel is taken into account. It leads to a suppression factor of about ten in the d' survival probability. Applications of the method to other reactions are outlined.
0211050v1
2003-03-14
Pion damping width from SU(2) x SU(2) NJL model
Within the framework of the NJL model, we investigate the modification of the pion damping width in a hot pion gas for temperatures ranging from 0 to 180 MeV. The pion is found to broaden noticeably at T > 60 MeV. Near the chiral phase transition T ~ 180 MeV, the pion width is saturated and amounts to 70 MeV. The main contribution to the width comes from pion-pion collisions. Other contributions are found negligibly small.
0303034v1
2004-06-09
Damped collective motion of isolated many body systems within a variational approach to functional integrals
Two improvements with respect to previous formulations are presented for the calculation of the partition function $\mathcal{Z}$ of small, isolated and interacting many body systems. By including anharmonicities and employing a variational approach quantum effects can be treated even at very low temperatures. A method is proposed of how to include collisional damping. Finally, our approach is applied to the calculation of the decay rate of metastable systems.
0406025v1
2004-07-26
Damped collective motion of many body systems: A variational approach to the quantal decay rate
We address the problem of collective motion across a barrier like encountered in fission. A formula for the quantal decay rate is derived which bases on a recently developed variational approach for functional integrals. This formula can be applied to low temperatures that have not been accessible within the former PSPA type approach. To account for damping of collective motion one particle Green functions are dressed with appropriate self-energies.
0407092v2
1997-11-15
Fluctuational phase-flip transitions in parametrically pumped oscillators
We analyze the rates of noise-induced transitions between period-two attractors. The model investigated is an underdamped oscillator parametrically driven by a field at nearly twice the oscillator eigenfrequency. The activation energy of the transitions is analyzed as a function of the frequency detuning and field amplitude scaled by the damping and nonlinearity parameters of the oscillator. The parameter ranges where the system is bi- and tristable are investigated. Explicit results are obtained in the limit of small damping (or strong driving), and near bifurcation points.
9711014v1
1999-05-31
Collisionless Damping of Low-Frequency Magnetosonic Pulses in a Two-Ion-Species Plasma
Low-frequency mangnetosonic pulses in a two-ion-species plasma are studied theoretically and by simulation with a one-dimensional electromagnetic simulation code based on a three-fluid model, with particular attention to the dynamics of minority heavy ions. It is found that heavy ions can gain some energy from the pulses. Because of this energy transfer, the pulses are damped even if the plasma is collisionless and pulse propagation is perpendicular to the magnetic field.
9905059v1
2000-10-17
Bunch Length Measurements at the ATF Damping Ring in April 2000
This report presents bunch length and energy spread measurements performed in April 2000 at the ATF Damping Ring, at KEK. Measurements were performed with the beam on and then off the linear (difference) coupling resonance. Due to strong intra-beam scattering in the ATF ring, the results depended strongly on the coupling.
0010043v1
2000-12-21
Phase transition in the collisionless regime for wave-particle interaction
Gibbs statistical mechanics is derived for the Hamiltonian system coupling self-consistently a wave to N particles. This identifies Landau damping with a regime where a second order phase transition occurs. For nonequilibrium initial data with warm particles, a critical initial wave intensity is found: above it, thermodynamics predicts a finite wave amplitude in the limit of infinite N; below it, the equilibrium amplitude vanishes. Simulations support these predictions providing new insight on the long-time nonlinear fate of the wave due to Landau damping in plasmas.
0012053v1
2001-09-25
Creep and Mechanical Oscillator Damping
Although "friction" is included in many models of oscillator damping, including viscous ones applied to the pendulum; they "miss the mark" with regard to a conceptual understanding of the mechanisms responsible for energy loss. The theory of the present paper corrects some of these misunderstandings by considering the influence of internal friction which derives from the structural members of the oscillator through secondary rather than primary creep. The simple model properly describes the variation of Q with frequency.
0109067v1
2001-11-06
Electromagnetic induction and damping - quantitative experiments using PC interface
A bar magnet, attached to an oscillating system, passes through a coil periodically, generating a series of emf pulses. A novel method is described for the quantitative verification of Faraday's law which eliminates all errors associated with angular measurements, thereby revealing delicate features of the underlying mechanics. When electromagnetic damping is activated by short-circuiting the coil, a distinctly linear decay of oscillation amplitude is surprisingly observed. A quantitative analysis reveals an interesting interplay of the electromagnetic and mechanical time scales.
0111016v1
2003-08-31
Effects of Bulk Viscosity in Non-linear Bubble Dynamics
The non-linear bubble dynamics equations in a compressible liquid have been modified considering the effects of compressibility of both the liquid and the gas at the bubble interface. A new bubble boundary equation has been derived, which includes a new term resulted from the liquid bulk viscosity effects. The influence of this term has been numerically investigated considering the effects of water vapor and chemical reactions on the bubble evolution. The results clearly indicate that the new term has an important damping role at the collapse, so that its consideration decreases the amplitude of the bubble rebounds after the collapse. This damping feature is more remarkable for higher deriving pressures.
0309012v1
2004-04-30
On violation of the Robinson's damping criterion and enhanced cooling of ion, electron and muon beams in storage rings
Limits of applicability of the Robinson's damping criterion and the problem of enhanced cooling of particle beams in storage rings beyond the criterion are discussed.
0404142v6
2004-12-28
Electron Bernstein waves in spherical tokamak plasmas with "magnetic wells"
In addition to traditional regimes with monotonously increasing magnetic field, regimes with "magnetic wells" also occur in spherical tokamaks (STs). The magnetic field profile inversion modifies significantly the whole picture of the wave propagation and damping. Since the magnetic wells may become quite common with further improvement of ST performance, analysis of such configurations is of interest for assessment of EBW plasma heating an CD perspectives. In this paper the basic features of the EBWs propagation and damping for the second cyclotron harmonic in a slab model are considered.
0412173v1
2005-02-10
Modulational instabilities in Josephson oscillations of elongated coupled condensates
We study the Josephson oscillations of two coupled elongated condensates. Linearized calculations show that the oscillating mode uniform over the length of the condensates (uniform Josephson mode) is unstable : modes of non zero longitudinal momentum grow exponentially. In the limit of strong atom interactions, we give scaling laws for the instability time constant and unstable wave vectors. Beyond the linearized approach, numerical calculations show a damped recurrence behavior : the energy in the Josephson mode presents damped oscillations. Finally, we derive conditions on the confinement of the condensates to prevent instabilities.
0502050v3
2005-08-16
Creep-Enhanced Low-Frequency Sensitivity of Seismometers
The frequency response of a seismometer is typically assumed to be the textbook case of a viscous damped, simple harmonic oscillator. Real mechanical oscillators are not ideal, and the damping at low frequencies, due to internal friction, is presently too poorly understood to describe from first principles. Even if the low-level motions were smooth (which they are not), the mean position of a seismic mass changes because of creep and creep recovery. This article shows that secondary creep can actually serve to increase the sensitivity of a seismometer at low frequencies.
0508105v1
2006-06-22
Looking for a time independent Hamiltonian of a dynamical system
In this paper we introduce a method for finding a time independent Hamiltonian of a given dynamical system by canonoid transformation. We also find a condition that the system should satisfy to have an equivalent time independent formulation. We study the example of damped oscillator and give the new time independent Hamiltonian for it, which has the property of tending to the standard Hamiltonian of the harmonic oscillator as damping goes to zero.
0606197v2
1996-02-27
Effects of Loss and Decoherence on a Simple Quantum Computer
We investigate the impact of loss (amplitude damping) and decoherence (phase damping) on the performance of a simple quantum computer which solves the one-bit Deutsch problem. The components of this machine are beamsplitters and nonlinear optical Kerr cells, but errors primarily originate from the latter. We develop models to describe the effect of these errors on a quantum optical Fredkin gate. The results are used to analyze possible error correction strategies in a complete quantum computer. We find that errors due to loss can be avoided perfectly by appropriate design techniques, while decoherence can be partially dealt with using projective error correction.
9602018v1
1996-11-25
The Quantum state diffusion model and the driven damped nonlinear oscillator
We consider a driven damped anharmonic oscillator which classically leads to a bistable steady state and to hysteresis. The quantum counterpart for this system has an exact analytical solution in the steady state which does not display any bistability or hysteresis. We use quantum state diffusion theory to describe this system and to provide a new perspective on the lack of hysteresis in the quantum regime so as to study in detail the quantum to classical transition. The analysis is also relevant to measurements of a single periodically driven electron in a Penning trap where hysteresis has been observed.
9611044v1
1997-12-02
Prevention of dissipation with two particles
An error prevention procedure based on two-particle encoding is proposed for protecting an arbitrary unknown quantum state from dissipation, such as phase damping and amplitude damping. The schemes, which exhibits manifestation of the quantum Zeno effect, is effective whether quantum bits are decohered independently or cooperatively. We derive the working condition of the scheme and argue that this procedure has feasible practical implementation.
9712005v1
1998-02-23
Caldirola-Kanai Oscillator in Classical Formulation of Quantum Mechanics
The quadrature distribution for the quantum damped oscillator is introduced in the framework of the formulation of quantum mechanics based on the tomography scheme. The probability distribution for the coherent and Fock states of the damped oscillator is expressed explicitly in terms of Gaussian and Hermite polynomials, correspondingly.
9802057v1
1999-03-22
Decoherence - Fluctuation Relation and Measurement Noise
We discuss fluctuations in the measurement process and how these fluctuations are related to the dissipational parameter characterising quantum damping or decoherence. On the example of the measuring current of the variable-barrier or QPC problem we show there is an extra noise or fluctuation connected with the possible different outcomes of a measurement. This noise has an enhanced short time component which could be interpreted as due to ``telegraph noise'' or ``wavefunction collapses''. Furthermore the parameter giving the the strength of this noise is related to the parameter giving the rate of damping or decoherence.
9903072v1
1999-07-27
Nonclassical correlations in damped N-solitons
The quantum statistics of damped higher-order optical solitons are analyzed numerically, using cumulant-expansion techniques in Gaussian approximation. A detailed analysis of nonclassical properties in both the time and the frequency domain is given, with special emphasis on the role of absorption. Highly nonclassical broadband spectral correlation is predicted.
9907090v2
2001-01-08
Cavity-damping-induced transitions in a driven atom-cavity system
We investigate the fluorescence spectrum of a two-level atom in a cavity when the atom is driven by a classical field. We show that forbidden dipole transitions in the Jaynes-Cummings Ladder structure are induced in the presence of the cavity damping, which deteriorates the degree of otherwise perfect destructive interference among the transition channels. With the larger cavity decay, these transitions are more enhanced.
0101036v1
2001-06-09
Squeezing enhancement by damping in a driven atom-cavity system
In a driven atom-cavity coupled system in which the two-level atom is driven by a classical field, the cavity mode which should be in a coherent state in the absence of its reservoir, can be squeezed by coupling to its reservoir. The squeezing effect is enhanced as the damping rate of the cavity is increased to some extent.
0106054v1
2001-08-01
Decoherence-induced wave packet splitting
We provide an intuitive interpretation of the optical Stern-Gerlach effect (OSGE) in the dressed-state point of view. We also analyze the effect of atomic damping in an experiment on the OSGE. We show that the atomic damping also causes the wave packet splitting, in a non-mechanical fashion, as opposed to the coherent process that is mechanical.
0108005v1
2001-08-11
A Canonical Approach to the Quantization of the Damped Harmonic Oscillator
We provide a new canonical approach for studying the quantum mechanical damped harmonic oscillator based on the doubling of degrees of freedom approach. Explicit expressions for Lagrangians of the elementary modes of the problem, characterising both forward and backward time propagations are given. A Hamiltonian analysis, showing the equivalence with the Lagrangian approach, is also done. Based on this Hamiltonian analysis, the quantization of the model is discussed.
0108055v2
2002-05-09
Implementation of quantum maps by programmable quantum processors
A quantum processor is a device with a data register and a program register. The input to the program register determines the operation, which is a completely positive linear map, that will be performed on the state in the data register. We develop a mathematical description for these devices, and apply it to several different examples of processors. The problem of finding a processor that will be able to implement a given set of mappings is also examined, and it is shown that while it is possible to design a finite processor to realize the phase-damping channel, it is not possible to do so for the amplitude-damping channel.
0205050v1
2002-08-28
Damped Quantum Interference using Stochastic Calculus
It is shown how the phase-damping master equation, either in Markovian and nonMarkovian regimes, can be obtained as an averaged random unitary evolution. This, apart from offering a common mathematical setup for both regimes, enables us to solve this equation in a straightforward manner just by solving the Schrodinger equation and taking the stochastic expectation value of its solutions after an adequate modification. Using the linear entropy as a figure of merit (basically the loss of quantum coherence) the distinction of four kinds of environments is suggested.
0208176v1
2002-10-31
Quantum Markov Channels for Qubits
We examine stochastic maps in the context of quantum optics. Making use of the master equation, the damping basis, and the Bloch picture we calculate a non-unital, completely positive, trace-preserving map with unequal damping eigenvalues. This results in what we call the squeezed vacuum channel. A geometrical picture of the effect of stochastic noise on the set of pure state qubit density operators is provided. Finally, we study the capacity of the squeezed vacuum channel to transmit quantum information and to distribute EPR states.
0211001v1
2003-01-17
Concurrence and foliations induced by some 1-qubit channels
We start with a short introduction to the roof concept. An elementary discussion of phase-damping channels shows the role of anti-linear operators in representing their concurrence. A general expression for some concurrences is derived. We apply it to 1-qubit channels of length two, getting induced foliations of the state space, the optimal decompositions, and the entropy of a state with respect to these channels. For amplitude-damping channels one obtains an expression for the Holevo capacity allowing for easy numerical calculations.
0301088v1
2003-05-19
Statistical Effects in the Multistream Model for Quantum Plasmas
A statistical multistream description of quantum plasmas is formulated, using the Wigner-Poisson system as dynamical equations. A linear stability analysis of this system is carried out, and it is shown that a Landau-like damping of plane wave perturbations occurs due to the broadening of the background Wigner function that arises as a consequence of statistical variations of the wave function phase. The Landau-like damping is shown to suppress instabilities of the one- and two-stream type.
0305102v1
2003-06-28
Misbelief and misunderstandings on the non--Markovian dynamics of a damped harmonic oscillator
We use the exact solution for the damped harmonic oscillator to discuss some relevant aspects of its open dynamics often mislead or misunderstood. We compare two different approximations both referred to as Rotating Wave Approximation. Using a specific example, we clarify some issues related to non--Markovian dynamics, non--Lindblad type dynamics, and positivity of the density matrix.
0306193v3
2003-11-26
Effective damping in the Raman cooling of trapped ions
We present a method of treating the interaction of a single three-level ion with two laser beams. The idea is to apply a unitary transformation such that the exact transformed Hamiltonian has one of the three levels decoupled for all values of the detunings. When one takes into account damping, the evolution of the system is governed by a master equation usually obtained via adiabatic approximation under the assumption of far-detuned lasers. To go around the drawbacks of this technique, we use the same unitary transformation to get an effective master equation.
0311183v1
2004-06-20
Entanglement-assisted classical information capacity of the amplitude damping channel
In this paper, we calculate the entanglement-assisted classical information capacity of amplitude damping channel and compare it with the particular mutual information which is considered as the entanglement-assisted classical information capacity of this channel in Ref. 6. It is shown that the difference between them is very small. In addition, we point out that using partial symmetry and concavity of mutual information derived from dense coding scheme one can simplify the calculation of entanglement-assisted classical information capacities for non-unitary-covariant quantum noisy channels.
0406140v1
2004-08-13
Decoherence versus Dynamical Casimir Effect
By means of two simple examples: phase and amplitude damping, the impact of decoherence on the dynamical Casimir effect is investigated. Even without dissipating energy (i.e., pure phase damping), the amount of created particles can be diminished significantly via the coupling to the environment (reservoir theory) inducing decoherence. For a simple microscopic model, it is demonstrated that spontaneous decays within the medium generate those problems -- Rabi oscillations are far more advantageous in that respect. These findings are particularly relevant in view of a recently proposed experimental verification of the dynamical Casimir effect. PACS: 42.50.Lc, 03.65.Yz, 03.70.+k, 42.50.Dv.
0408087v2
2004-10-11
Quantizing the damped harmonic oscillator
We consider the Fermi quantization of the classical damped harmonic oscillator (dho). In past work on the subject, authors double the phase space of the dho in order to close the system at each moment in time. For an infinite-dimensional phase space, this method requires one to construct a representation of the CAR algebra for each time. We show that unitary dilation of the contraction semigroup governing the dynamics of the system is a logical extension of the doubling procedure, and it allows one to avoid the mathematical difficulties encountered with the previous method.
0410078v1
2004-11-18
Drastic effects of damping mechanisms on the third-order optical nonlinearity
We have investigated the optical response of superradiant atoms, which undergoes three different damping mechanisms: radiative dissipation ($\gamma_r$), dephasing ($\gamma_d$), and nonradiative dissipation ($\gamma_n$). Whereas the roles of $\gamma_d$ and $\gamma_n$ are equivalent in the linear susceptibility, the third-order nonlinear susceptibility drastically depends on the ratio of $\gamma_d$ and $\gamma_n$: When $\gamma_d \ll \gamma_n$, the third-order susceptibility is essentially that of a single atom. Contrarily, in the opposite case of $\gamma_d \gg \gamma_n$, the third-order susceptibility suffers the size-enhancement effect and becomes proportional to the system size.
0411129v1
2005-01-19
Stabilizing an atom laser using spatially selective pumping and feedback
We perform a comprehensive study of stability of a pumped atom laser in the presence of pumping, damping and outcoupling. We also introduce a realistic feedback scheme to improve stability by extracting energy from the condensate and determine its effectiveness. We find that while the feedback scheme is highly efficient in reducing condensate fluctuations, it usually does not alter the stability class of a particular set of pumping, damping and outcoupling parameters.
0501101v1