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2001-10-16
A simple analytical model for the abundance of damped Ly-α absorbers
A simple analytical model for estimating the fraction (\Omega_{gas}) of matter in gaseous form within the collapsed dark matter (DM) haloes is presented. The model is developed using (i) the Press-Schechter formalism to estimate the fraction of baryons in DM haloes, and (ii) the observational estimates of the star form...
0110359v2
2001-10-16
Unusual Metal Abundances in a Pair of Damped Lyman Alpha Systems at z~2
We present high resolution spectroscopic observations of two neighbouring damped Lya systems (DLAs) along the same line of sight towards B2314-409. Due to their separation (v ~ 2000 km/s) and the high spectral resolution of the data, it is possible to fit not only the weak metal transitions, but also the separate HI ab...
0110391v2
2001-12-18
NICMOS Snapshot Survey of Damped Lyman Alpha Quasars
We image 19 quasars with 22 damped Lyman alpha (DLA) systems using the F160W filter and the Near-Infrared Camera and Multiobject Spectrograph aboard the Hubble Space Telescope, in both direct and coronagraphic modes. We reach 5 sigma detection limits of ~H=22 in the majority of our images. We compare our observations t...
0112416v1
2002-02-19
Saturation of the R-mode Instability
Rossby waves (r-modes) in rapidly rotating neutron stars are unstable because of the emission of gravitational radiation. We study saturation of this instability by nonlinear transfer of energy to stellar "inertial" oscillation modes. We present detailed calculations of stellar inertial modes in the WKB limit, their li...
0202345v2
2002-04-05
HI 21cm imaging of a nearby Damped Lyman-alpha system
We present Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) HI 21cm emission images of the z=0.009 damped Lyman-alpha (DLA) absorber towards the QSO HS 1543+5921. The DLA has been earlier identified as a low surface brightness galaxy SBS 1543+593 at an impact parameter of ~ 400 pc to the QSO line of sight. The extremely low reds...
0204094v1
2002-08-26
Damped Lyman alpha systems and disk galaxies: number density, column density distribution and gas density
We present a comparison between the observed properties of damped Lyman alpha systems (DLAs) and the predictions of simple models for the evolution of present day disk galaxies, including both low and high surface brightness galaxies. We focus in particular on the number density, column density distribution and gas den...
0208457v1
2002-09-10
A search for molecules in damped Lyman-alpha absorbers occulting millimetre-loud quasars
We have used the SEST 15-metre and Onsala 20-metre telescopes to perform deep (r.m.s. >~ 30 mJy) integrations of various molecular rotational transitions towards damped Lyman-alpha absorption systems (DLAs) known to occult millimetre-loud quasars. We have observed 6 new systems and improved the existing limits for 11 t...
0209175v1
2002-11-13
Strong Absorption-line Systems at Low Redshift: MgII and Damped Lyman Alpha
We detail a powerful indirect method for the study of damped Lyman alpha systems (DLAs) at low redshift. We increase the probability of finding a low-redshift DLA to nearly 50% by targeting QSOs that are known to have strong low-redshift MgII and FeII absorption lines in their spectra. We are using Sloan Digital Sky Su...
0211295v1
2002-11-22
On the Origin of Nitrogen in Damped Ly-alpha Systems
Recent measurements of nitrogen and alpha elements in over 20 damped Ly-alpha systems (DLA) are compared with similar measurements for numerous emission line objects and stars. It is found that the DLA distribution in the N/alpha-alpha/H plane is bimodal, where most sample DLAs fall along the N/alpha plateau defined at...
0211512v1
2002-12-16
Fragmentation and Collapse of Turbulent Molecular Clouds
We performed simulations of self-gravitating hydrodynamic turbulence to model the formation of filaments, clumps and cores in molecular clouds. We find that when the mass on the initial computational grid is comparable to the Jeans mass, turbulent pressure is able to prevent gravitational collapse. When the turbulence ...
0212359v1
2003-02-20
One-Armed Spiral Instability in Differentially Rotating Stars
We investigate the dynamical instability of the one-armed spiral m=1 mode in differentially rotating stars by means of 3+1 hydrodynamical simulations in Newtonian gravitation. We find that both a soft equation of state and a high degree of differential rotation in the equilibrium star are necessary to excite a dynamica...
0302436v2
2003-03-21
Molecular Hydrogen in Damped Ly-alpha Systems: Spatial Distribution
To interpret H_2 quasar absorption line observations in Damped Ly-alpha clouds (DLAs), we model the H_2 spatial distribution within a DLA. Based on numerical simulations of disk structures with parameters similar to those derived for such absorbers, we calculate the H_2 distribution as a function of ultraviolet backgro...
0303495v1
2003-05-01
Scalar perturbation spectra from warm inflation
We present a numerical integration of the cosmological scalar perturbation equations in warm inflation. The initial conditions are provided by a discussion of the thermal fluctuations of an inflaton field and thermal radiation using a combination of thermal field theory and thermodynamics. The perturbation equations in...
0305015v3
2003-05-02
The Critical Rotation of Strange Stars and Rapidly Rotating Pulsars
We utilize the bulk viscosity of interacting strange quark matter to reevaluate the damping time scale. The presence of medium effect of bulk viscosity leads to a stronger damping of r-modes, which can be over an order of magnitude for realistic parameters. We find that the r-mode instability window is narrowed due to ...
0305034v1
2003-06-02
Chemical Evolution of Damped Lyman Alpha Systems
By means of detailed chemical evolution models for galaxies of different morphological types (i.e. spirals, irregular/starburst galaxies and ellipticals) we study the nature of Damped Lyman-Alpha systems. Our concern is to infer which systems represent likely candidates for the DLA population and which do not. By focus...
0306037v1
2003-07-01
Clustering of galaxies at z=3 around the probable Damped Ly-alpha absorber towards QSO APM 08279+5255
[Abridged] We present results on the clustering og Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) around a probable damped Ly-alpha absorption (DLA) line cloud at z_DLA=2.974 from deep UBVI images of the field containing the quasar APM 08279+5255 (z=3.91). The large area covered by our images, 0.31 deg^2 or 40x40 Mpc co-moving at z=3, an...
0307033v1
2003-08-11
Imaging and spectroscopy of galaxies associated with two z~0.7 damped Lyman-alpha absorption systems
We have identified galaxies near two quasars which are at the redshift of damped Lyman-alpha (DLA) systems in the UV spectra of the quasars. Both galaxies are actively forming stars. One galaxy has a luminosity close to the break in the local galaxy luminosity function, L*, the other is significantly fainter than L* an...
0308193v1
2003-09-03
The Thermal Stability of Mass-Loaded Flows
We present a linear stability analysis of a flow undergoing conductively-driven mass-loading from embedded clouds. We find that mass-loading damps isobaric and isentropic perturbations, and in this regard is similar to the effect of thermal conduction, but is much more pronounced where many embedded clumps exist. The s...
0309086v1
2003-09-22
Hierarchical Structure Formation and Chemical Evolution of Damped Ly alpha Systems
We present a model for chemical evolution of damped Ly alpha systems considering production of metals by SNe II and infall associated with hierarchical structure formation. The growth of metallicity in these systems is a reflection of the competition between astration and infall. The apparent late turn-on of these syst...
0309600v1
2003-09-29
A common trend in the chemical evolution of Local Group dwarf spheroidals and Damped Ly-alpha systems
We compare chemical abundances of Local Group dwarf spheroidals, obtained from recent UVES/VLT observations, and of high redshift Damped Lyman alpha systems (DLAs), corrected for dust effects. We focus, in particular, on the abundance ratio between alpha-capture elements and iron, alpha/Fe, a well known indicator of ch...
0309765v1
2003-10-15
H_2-bearing damped Lyman-alpha systems as tracers of cosmological chemical evolution
The chemical abundances in damped Lyman-alpha systems (DLAs) show more than 2 orders of magnitude variation at a given epoch, possibly because DLAs arise in a wide variety of host galaxies. This could significantly bias estimates of chemical evolution. We explore the possibility that DLAs in which H_2 absorption is det...
0310409v2
2004-01-21
Constraints on Early Nucleosynthesis from the Abundance Pattern of a Damped Ly-alpha System at z = 2.626
We have investigated chemical evolution in the young universe by analysing the detailed chemical enrichment pattern of a metal-rich galaxy at high redshift. The recent detection of over 20 elements in the gas-phase of a damped Lyman-alpha absorber (DLA) at z = 2.626 represents an exciting new avenue for exploring early...
0401413v1
2004-03-23
The clustering of galaxies around three damped Ly-alpha absorbers at Redshift Three
[Abridged] We present out results on the cross-correlation of Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) around three damped \Ly absorbers (DLAs) at redshift three from deep multi-band MOSAIC images obtained at the KPNO 4m. The large area of the MOSAIC images, 0.31 $\deg^2$ allows us to probe the clustering of LBGs on scales up to 20...
0403544v2
2004-03-31
Cold Neutral Gas in a z=4.2 Damped Lyman-alpha System: The Fuel for Star Formation
We discuss interstellar temperature determinations using the excitation equilibrium of the ^2P levels of Si II and C II. We show how observations of the ^2P_3/2 fine structure levels of Si II and C II (which have significantly different excitation energies, corresponding to ~413 and 92 K, respectively) can be used to l...
0404005v2
2004-04-27
Molecular fraction limits in damped Lyman-alpha absorption systems
We have used the Green Bank Telescope (GBT) and Berkeley-Illinois-Maryland Association (BIMA) array to search for redshifted millimetre absorption in a sample of damped Lyman-alpha absorption systems (DLAs). This brings the number of published systems searched from 18 to 30. In 17 cases we reach $3\sigma$ limits of $\t...
0404516v1
2004-08-07
Metals and Dust in Intermediate-redshift Damped Ly-alpha Galaxies
We report spectroscopic observations with the Multiple Mirror Telescope for 11 damped Lyman-alpha absorbers (DLAs) or strong DLA candidates at 0.1 < z < 1.5, including several absorbers discovered in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. In particular, we have measured absorption lines of Zn II, Cr II, Ni II, Fe II, Mn II, Ti ...
0408139v1
2004-09-22
On Detecting the X-ray Silhouette of a Damped Lyman alpha System
We explore the possibility of resolving an image of a damped Lyman alpha (DLA) system in absorption against an extended, diffuse background X-ray source. Typical columns of neutral hydrogen in DLAs are high enough to block out up to ~30% of the soft X-ray flux at an observed photon energy of 0.5 keV, and we find that ~...
0409516v2
2004-10-11
Is the solar corona nonmodally self-heated?
Recently it was pointed out that nonmodally (transiently and/or adiabatically) pre-amplified waves in shear flows, undergoing subsequent viscous damping, can ultimately heat the ambient flow. The key ingredient of this process is the ability of waves to grow, by extracting energy from the spatially inhomogeneous mean f...
0410279v1
2004-10-23
Extended Neutral Gas Around z ~ 0.5 Galaxies: Properties of Damped Lya Absorbing Galaxies
I review current results from searching for galaxies giving rise to damped Lya absorbers (DLAs) at z<1. Using 14 confirmed DLA galaxies, I further show that intermediate-redshift galaxies possess large HI envelope out to 24-30 h^{-1} kpc radius. The photometric and spectral properties of these galaxies confirm that DLA...
0410558v1
2004-11-25
Survey for Galaxies Associated with z~3 Damped Lyman alpha Systems I: Spectroscopic Calibration of u'BVRI Photometric Selection
We present a survey for z~3 Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) associated with damped Lyman alpha systems (DLAs) with the primary purpose of determining the DLA-LBG cross-correlation. This paper describes the acquisition and analysis of imaging and spectroscopic data of 9 quasar fields having 11 known z~3 DLAs covering an are...
0411681v1
2005-01-06
Observations of Solar Flare Doppler Shift Oscillations with the Bragg Crystal Spectrometer on Yohkoh
Oscillations in solar coronal loops appear to be a common phenomenon. Transverse and longitudinal oscillations have been observed with both the Transition Region and Coronal Explorer and Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope imaging experiments. Damped Doppler shift oscillations have been observed in emission lines fro...
0501093v1
2005-03-09
Abundances in Damped Ly-alpha Galaxies
Damped Ly_alpha galaxies provide a sample of young galaxies where chemical abundances can be derived throughout the whole universe with an accuracy comparable to that for the local universe. Despite a large spread in redshift, HI column density and metallicity, DLA galaxies show a remarkable uniformity in the elemental...
0503214v1
2005-03-10
Pulsar: repeatable Lagrangian singularity
In general, the interior of radially symmetric self-gravitating sphere is considered in terms of hydrostatic equilibrium (HSE). This approach implies the possibility of the static being of a body. Such a static state is assumed to be the result of asymptotic damping of the process of formation. It is shown here that th...
0503231v2
2005-03-14
Quasi-Periodic Oscillations in Relativistic Tori
Motivated by recent interesting work on p-mode oscillations in axisymmetric hydrodynamic black-hole tori by Rezzolla, Zanotti, and collaborators, I explore the robustness of these oscillations by means of two and three-dimensional relativistic hydrodynamic and MHD simulations. The primary purpose of this investigation ...
0503305v1
2005-03-17
The first observed stellar X-ray flare oscillation: Constraints on the flare loop length and the magnetic field
We present the first X-ray observation of an oscillation during a stellar flare. The flare occurred on the active M-type dwarf AT Mic and was observed with XMM-Newton. The soft X-ray light curve (0.2-12 keV) is investigated with wavelet analysis. The flare's extended, flat peak shows clear evidence for a damped oscilla...
0503384v1
2005-04-25
Emission-line spectroscopy of Damped Lyman Alpha Systems: The case of SBS 1543+593/HS 1543+5921
We report HST/STIS spectroscopy and Gemini/GMOS-N imaging of the Damped Lyman Alpha (DLA) system toward HS 1543+5921 caused by the host star-forming galaxy (SFG) SBS 1543+593. The Gemini image shows new morphological details of this well resolved DLA galaxy. In combination with previous optical spectra, the new UV spec...
0504556v1
2005-04-27
Self-consistent radiative effect on relativistic electromagnetic particle acceleration
We study the radiation damping effect on the relativistic acceleration of electron-positron plasmas with two-and-half-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation. Particles are accelerated by Poynting flux via the diamagnetic relativistic pulse accelerator (DRPA), and decelerated by the self-consistently solved radia...
0504612v2
2005-07-13
UHE neutrino damping in a thermal gas of relic neutrinos
We present a calculation of the damping of an ultra-energetic (UHE) cosmic neutrino travelling through the thermal gas of relic neutrinos, using the formalism of finite-temperature field theory. From the self-energy diagram due to Z exchange, we obtain the annihilation cross section for an UHE neutrino interacting with...
0507333v2
2005-07-25
Post-inflation increase of the cosmological tensor-to-scalar perturbation ratio
We investigate the possibility that the amplitude of scalar density perturbations may be damped after inflation. This would imply that CMB anisotropies do not uniquely fix the amplitude of the perturbations generated during inflation and that the present tensor-to-scalar ratio might be larger than produced in inflation...
0507573v3
2005-09-08
Possible Detection of Lyman-alpha Fluorescence from a Damped Lyman Alpha system at Redshift z=2.8
We have detected Lyman-alpha emission from a damped Lyman-alpha system (DLA) that lies near the bright quasar HS1549+1919. The DLA has the same redshift as HS1549+1919 and was discovered in the spectrum of a faint QSO that lies 49" away (380 proper kpc). The emission line's luminosity, double-peaked profile, and small ...
0509229v1
2005-11-17
Measurement of the Spatial Cross-Correlation Function of Damped Lyman Alpha Systems and Lyman Break Galaxies
We present the first spectroscopic measurement of the spatial cross-correlation function between damped Lyman alpha systems (DLAs) and Lyman break galaxies (LBGs). We obtained deep u'BVRI images of nine QSO fields with 11 known z ~ 3 DLAs and spectroscopically confirmed 211 R < 25.5 photometrically selected z > 2 LBGs....
0511509v1
2006-01-29
Relative abundance pattern along the profile of high redshift Damped Lyman-alpha systems
We investigated abundance ratios along the profiles of six high-redshift Damped Lyman-alpha systems, three of them associated with H2 absorption, and derived optical depths in each velocity pixel. The variations of the pixel abundance ratios were found to be remarkably small and usually smaller than a factor of two wit...
0601664v1
2006-02-14
VLT/UVES constraints on the carbon isotope ratio 12C/13C at z=1.15 toward the quasar HE 0515-4414
We analyzed the CI lines associated with the damped Ly-alpha system observed at zabs = 1.15 in the spectrum of HE 0515-4414 to derive the 12C/13C ratio. The spectrum was obtained by means of the UV-Visual Echelle Spectrograph (UVES) at the ESO Very Large Telescope (VLT). The obtained lower limit 12C/13C > 80 (2sigma C....
0602303v1
2006-06-08
The detectability of HI 21-cm absorption in damped Lyman-alpha systems
In this paper we investigate the possible reasons why HI 21-cm absorption in damped Lyman-alpha systems (DLAs) has only been detected at low redshift... We suggest that the lack of 21-cm absorption detections at high redshift arises from the fact that these DLAs are at similar angular diameter distances to the backgrou...
0606180v1
2006-07-15
Damping and excitation variations of the solar acoustic modes using LOWL observations
We have used observations made with the helioseismic instrument LOWL collected over $\sim$ 6 years to carry out an independent study of the variations of the p-mode damping and excitation rates with solar activity. We observe significant variations in the mode height, mode width and mode velocity power over a wide rang...
0607346v1
2006-09-01
A line profile analysis of the pulsating red giant star epsilon Ophiuchi (G9.5III)
So far, solar-like oscillations have been studied using radial velocity and/or light curve variations, which reveal frequencies of the oscillation modes. Line-profile variations, however, are also a valuable diagnostic to characterise radial and non-radial oscillations, including frequencies, amplitudes, the spherical ...
0609043v1
2006-10-11
Determining the neutron star equation of state using the narrow-band gravitational wave detector Schenberg
We briefly review the properties of quasi-normal modes of neutron stars and black holes. We analyse the consequences of a possible detection of such modes via the gravitational waves associated with them, especially addressing our study to the Brazilian spherical antenna, on which a possible detection would occur at 3....
0610335v1
2006-12-14
Three dimensional numerical simulations of acoustic wave field in the upper convection zone of the Sun
Results of numerical 3D simulations of propagation of acoustic waves inside the Sun are presented. A linear 3D code which utilizes realistic OPAL equation of state was developed by authors. Modified convectively stable standard solar model with smoothly joined chromosphere was used as a background model. High order dis...
0612364v1
2006-12-21
Accretion of Terrestrial Planets from Oligarchs in a Turbulent Disk
We have investigated the final accretion stage of terrestrial planets from Mars-mass protoplanets that formed through oligarchic growth in a disk comparable to the minimum mass solar nebula (MMSN), through N-body simulation including random torques exerted by disk turbulence due to Magneto-Rotational-Instability. For t...
0612619v1
2007-01-18
Models of the Collisional Damping Scenario for Ice Giant Planets and Kuiper Belt Formatio
Chiang et al. 2006, hereafter C06 have recently proposed that the observed structure of the Kuiper belt could be the result of a dynamical instability of a system of ~5 primordial ice giant planets in the outer Solar System. According to this scenario, before the instability occurred, these giants were growing in a hig...
0701544v1
2007-02-05
Ion Charge States in the Fast Solar Wind: New Data Analysis and Theoretical Refinements
We present a further investigation into the increased ionization observed in element charge states in the fast solar wind compared to its coronal hole source regions. Once ions begin to be perpendicularly heated by ion cyclotron waves and execute large gyro-orbits, density gradients in the flow can excite lower hybrid ...
0702131v1
1995-10-11
Multiple Transitions to Chaos in a Damped Parametrically Forced Pendulum
We study bifurcations associated with stability of the lowest stationary point (SP) of a damped parametrically forced pendulum by varying $\omega_0$ (the natural frequency of the pendulum) and $A$ (the amplitude of the external driving force). As $A$ is increased, the SP will restabilize after its instability, destabil...
9510003v1
1996-03-04
Period Doublings in Coupled Parametrically Forced Damped Pendulums
We study period doublings in $N$ $(N=2,3,4, \dots)$ coupled parametrically forced damped pendulums by varying $A$ (the amplitude of the external driving force) and $c$ (the strength of coupling). With increasing $A$, the stationary point undergoes multiple period-doubling transitions to chaos. We first investigate the ...
9603002v1
1996-12-05
Fractal Basins of Attraction Associated with a Damped Newton's Method
An intriguing and unexpected result for students learning numerical analysis is that Newton's method, applied to the simple polynomial z^3 - 1 = 0 in the complex plane, leads to intricately interwoven basins of attraction of the roots. As an example of an interesting open question that may help to stimulate student int...
9612010v1
1999-01-28
Intrinsically localized chaos in discrete nonlinear extended systems
The phenomenon of intrinsic localization in discrete nonlinear extended systems, i.e. the (generic) existence of discrete breathers, is shown to be not restricted to periodic solutions but it also extends to more complex (chaotic) dynamical behaviour. We illustrate this with two different forced and damped systems exhi...
9901030v1
1995-03-27
Dynamics of a Strongly Damped Two-Level System: Beyond the DBGA
Dynamics of a dissipative two-level system is studied using quantum relaxation theory. This calculation for the first time goes beyond the commonly used dilute bounce gas approximation (DBGA), even for strong damping. The new results obtained here deviate from the DBGA results at low temperatures, however, the DBGA for...
9503133v1
1995-05-23
The phase-dependent linear conductance of a superconducting quantum point contact
The exact expression for the phase-dependent linear conductance of a weakly damped superconducting quantum point contact is obtained. The calculation is performed by summing up the complete perturbative series in the coupling between the electrodes. The failure of any finite order perturbative expansion in the limit of...
9505102v1
1996-02-27
Quasiparticle properties of a coupled quantum wire electron-phonon system
We study leading-order many-body effects of longitudinal optical (LO) phonons on electronic properties of one-dimensional quantum wire systems. We calculate the quasiparticle properties of a weakly polar one dimensional electron gas in the presence of both electron-phonon and electron-electron interactions. The leading...
9602143v1
1996-02-29
Dynamical response of a one dimensional quantum wire electron system
We provide a self-contained theoretical analysis of the dynamical response of a one dimensional electron system, as confined in a semiconductor quantum wire, within the random phase approximation. We carry out a detailed comparison with the corresponding two and three dimensional situations, and discuss the peculiariti...
9602157v1
1996-08-24
New Universality Class at the Superconductor--Insulator Transition
We study dynamic properties of thin films near the superconductor - insulator transition. We formulate the problem in a phase representation. The key new feature of our model is the assumption of a {\it local} ohmic dissipative mechanism. Coarse graining leads to a Ginzburg-Landau description, with non-ohmic dynamics f...
9608115v1
1996-10-07
Supersymmetric Fokker-Planck strict isospectrality
I report a study of the nonstationary one-dimensional Fokker-Planck solutions by means of the strictly isospectral method of supesymmetric quantum mechanics. The main conclusion is that this technique can lead to a space-dependent (modulational) damping of the spatial part of the nonstationary Fokker-Planck solutions, ...
9610049v2
1997-04-03
Quasiparticle Many-Body Dynamics of Highly Correlated Electronic Systems
The self-consistent theory of the correlation effects in Highly Correlated Systems(HCS) is presented. The novel Irreducible Green's Functions(IGF) method is discused in detail for the Hubbard model and random Hubbard model. The interpolative solution for the quasiparticle spectrum, which is valid for both the atomic an...
9704028v1
1997-12-17
Detecting flux creep in superconducting YBCO thin films via damping of the oscillations of a levitating permanent magnet
The damping of the oscillations of a small permanent magnet (spherical shape, radius 0.1 mm) levitating between two parallel epitaxial YBCO films is measured as a function of oscillation amplitude and temperature. At small amplitudes the dissipation is found to be orders of magnitude lower than in bulk YBCO, Q-factors ...
9712199v1
1998-02-06
Spin polaron damping in the spin-fermion model for cuprate superconductors
A self-consistent, spin rotational invariant Green's function procedure has been developed to calculate the spectral function of carrier excitations in the spin-fermion model for the CuO2 plane. We start from the mean field description of a spin polaron in the Mori-Zwanzig projection method. In order to determine the s...
9802074v1
1998-05-09
The resonance peak in cuprate superconductors
We pursue the consequences of a theory in which the resonance peak observed in inelastic neutron scattering (INS) experiments on underdoped and optimally doped YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6+x}$ compounds arises from a spin-wave excitation. We find that it is heavily damped, and thus almost not observable, in the normal state, but...
9805107v1
1998-05-22
On the driven Frenkel-Kontorova model: I. Uniform sliding states and dynamical domains of different particle densities
The dynamical behavior of a harmonic chain in a spatially periodic potential (Frenkel-Kontorova model, discrete sine-Gordon equation) under the influence of an external force and a velocity proportional damping is investigated. We do this at zero temperature for long chains in a regime where inertia and damping as well...
9805287v1
1999-01-29
Acoustic radiation controls friction: Evidence from a spring-block experiment
Brittle failures of materials and earthquakes generate acoustic/seismic waves which lead to radiation damping feedbacks that should be introduced in the dynamical equations of crack motion. We present direct experimental evidence of the importance of this feedback on the acoustic noise spectrum of well-controlled sprin...
9901350v2
1999-03-02
d_{x^2-y^2}-Wave Pairing Fluctuations and Pseudo Spin Gap in Two-Dimensional Electron Systems
Pseudogap phenomena of high-T_c cuprates are examined. In terms of AFM (antiferromagnetic) and dSC (d_{x^2-y^2}-wave superconducting) auxiliary fields introduced to integrate out the fermions, the effective action for 2D electron systems with AFM and dSC fluctuations is considered. By the self-consistent renormalizatio...
9903030v2
1999-04-19
Numerical analysis of the dissipative two-state system with the density-matrix Hilbert-space-reduction algorithm
Ground state of the dissipative two-state system is investigated by means of the Lanczos diagonalization method. We adopted the Hilbert-space-reduction scheme proposed by Zhang, Jeckelmann and White so as to reduce the overwhelming reservoir Hilbert space to being tractable in computers. Both the implementation of the ...
9904260v1
1999-05-02
Finite Temperature Time-Dependent Effective Theory For The Goldstone Field In A BCS-Type Superfluid
We extend to finite temperature the time-dependent effective theory for the Goldstone field (the phase of the pair field) $ \theta $ which is appropriate for a superfluid containing one species of fermions with s-wave interactions, described by the BCS Lagrangian. We show that, when Landau damping is neglected, the eff...
9905008v2
1999-06-29
Simulation of I-V Hysteresis Branches in An Intrinsic Stack of Josephson Junctions in High $T_c$ Superconductors
I-V characteristics of the high T$_c$ superconductor Bi$_2$Sr$_2$Ca$_1$C$_2$O$_8$ shows a strong hysteresis, producing many branches. The origin of hysteresis jumps is studied by use of the model of multi-layered Josephson junctions proposed by one of the authors (T. K.). The charging effect at superconducting layers p...
9906422v1
1999-07-05
The interplay between flattening and damping of single particle spectra in strongly correlated Fermi systems
The self-consistent theory of the fermion condensation, a specific phase transition which results in a rearrangement of the single particle degrees of freedom in strongly correlated Fermi systems is developed. Beyond the phase transition point, the single particle spectra are shown to be flat. The interplay between the...
9907061v1
1999-10-19
Zener transitions between dissipative Bloch bands. II: Current Response at Finite Temperature
We extend, to include the effects of finite temperature, our earlier study of the interband dynamics of electrons with Markoffian dephasing under the influence of uniform static electric fields. We use a simple two-band tight-binding model and study the electric current response as a function of field strength and the ...
9910290v1
1999-11-02
Shifts and widths of collective excitations in trapped Bose gases by the dielectric formalism
We present predictions for the temperature dependent shifts and damping rates. They are obtained by applying the dielectric formalism to a simple model of a trapped Bose gas. Within the framework of the model we use lowest order perturbation theory to determine the first order correction to the results of Hartree-Fock-...
9911018v1
2000-06-13
Characteristic features of anharmonic effects in the lattice dynamics of fcc metals
The dispersion in the entire Brillouin zone and the temperature dependence (right up to the melting temperature) of the anharmonic frequency shift and phonon damping in a number of fcc metals is investigated on the basis of microscopic calculations. It is found that the anharmonic effects depend sharply on the wave vec...
0006205v1
2000-06-20
Collisional damping of the collective oscillations of a trapped Fermi gas
We consider a Fermi gas confined by a harmonic trapping potential and we highlight the role of the Fermi-Dirac statistics by studying frequency and damping of collective oscillations of quadrupole type in the framework of the quantum Boltzmann equation, in which statistical corrections are taken into account in the col...
0006305v2
2000-06-21
Resonances in the dynamics of $φ^4$ kinks perturbed by ac forces
We study the dynamics of $\phi^4$ kinks perturbed by an ac force, both with and without damping. We address this issue by using a collective coordinate theory, which allows us to reduce the problem to the dynamics of the kink center and width. We carry out a careful analysis of the corresponding ordinary differential e...
0006313v1
2000-07-11
Quantum phase transitions in d-wave superconductors
Motivated by the strong, low temperature damping of nodal quasiparticles observed in some cuprate superconductors, we study quantum phase transitions in d_{x^2-y^2} superconductors with a spin-singlet, zero momentum, fermion bilinear order parameter. We present a complete, group-theoretic classification of such transit...
0007170v3
2000-07-12
Frequencies and Damping rates of a 2D Deformed Trapped Bose gas above the Critical Temperature
We derive the equation of motion for the velocity fluctuations of a 2D deformed trapped Bose gas above the critical temperature in the hydrodynamical regime. From this equation, we calculate the eigenfrequencies for a few low-lying excitation modes. Using the method of averages, we derive a dispersion relation in a def...
0007210v2
2000-09-01
The Broad Brillouin Doublet and CP of Ktao_3 : Second Sound vs. Two-Phonon Difference Scattering
Low-T Brillouin spectra of the incipient ferroelectric KTaO3 exhibit a broad central peak (CP), and additional Brillouin doublets (BD), that can both be related to phonon-density fluctuations. On the basis of new high-resolution neutron data obtained of low-lying phonon branches, we analysed the phonon-kinetics mechani...
0009011v1
2000-09-21
Landau-Khalatnikov two-fluid hydrodynamics of a trapped Bose gas
Starting from the quantum kinetic equation for the non-condensate atoms and the generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation for the condensate, we derive the two-fluid hydrodynamic equations of a trapped Bose gas at finite temperatures. We follow the standard Chapman-Enskog procedure, starting from a solution of the kinetic ...
0009333v1
2000-12-29
Finite Temperature Time-Dependent Effective Theory for the Phase Field in two-dimensional d-wave Neutral Superconductor
We derive finite temperature time-dependent effective actions for the phase of the pairing field, which are appropriate for a 2D electron system with both non-retarded d- and s-wave attraction. As for s-wave pairing the d-wave effective action contains terms with Landau damping, but their structure appears to be differ...
0012511v4
2001-01-23
Ginzburg-Landau theory for the time-dependent phase field in a two-dimensional d-wave superconductor
We derive a finite temperature time-dependent effective theory for the phase $\theta$ of the pairing field, which is appropriate for a 2D conducting electron system with non-retarded d-wave attraction. As for s-wave pairing the effective action contains terms with Landau damping, but their structure appears to be diffe...
0101353v1
2001-03-30
Thermal magnetization fluctuations in thin films and a new physical form for magnetization damping
The effect of thermal fluctuations on a thin film magnetoresistive element has been calculated. The technique involves adding to the basic spin dynamics a general form of interaction with a thermal bath. For a general anisotropic magnetic system the resulting equation can be written as a Langevin equation for a harmoni...
0103624v3
2001-06-05
Damping and frequency shift in the oscillations of two colliding Bose-Einstein condensates
We have investigated the center-of-mass oscillations of a Rb87 Bose-Einstein condensate in an elongated magneto-static trap. We start from a trapped condensate and we transfer part of the atoms to another trapped level, by applying a radio-frequency pulse. The new condensate is produced far from its equilibrium positio...
0106072v1
2001-07-12
Ferromagnetism in the Hubbard model
We investigate the possibility and stability of bandferromagnetism in the single-band Hubbard model. This model poses a highly non-trivial many-body problem the general solution of which has not been found up to now. Approximations are still unavoidable. Starting from a simple two-pole ansatz for the spectral density o...
0107255v1
2001-09-10
Finite temperature theory of the scissors mode in a Bose gas using the moment method
We use a generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation for the condensate and a semi-classical kinetic equation for the noncondensate atoms to discuss the scissors mode in a trapped Bose-condensed gas at finite temperatures. Both equations include the effect of $C_{12}$ collisions between the condensate and noncondensate atoms...
0109149v1
2002-01-24
Dynamic light scattering from colloidal fractal monolayers
We address experimentally the problem of how the structure of a surface monolayer determines the visco-elasticity of the interface. Optical microscopy and surface quasi--elastic light scattering have been used to characterize aggregation of CaCO$_3$ particles at the air--water interface. The structures formed by cluste...
0201438v1
2002-08-06
Spin pumping and magnetization dynamics in metallic multilayers
We study the magnetization dynamics in thin ferromagnetic films and small ferromagnetic particles in contact with paramagnetic conductors. A moving magnetization vector causes \textquotedblleft pumping\textquotedblright of spins into adjacent nonmagnetic layers. This spin transfer affects the magnetization dynamics sim...
0208091v2
2002-08-08
Excitation and damping of collective modes of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a one-dimensional lattice
The mode structure of a Bose-Einstein condensate non-adiabatically loaded into a one-dimensional optical lattice is studied by analyzing the visibility of the interference pattern as well as the radial profile of the condensate after a time-of-flight. A simple model is proposed that predicts the short-time decrease of ...
0208162v1
2002-08-12
Spectral Properties of the Generalized Spin-Fermion Models
In order to account for competition and interplay of localized and itinerant magnetic behaviour in correlated many body systems with complex spectra the various types of spin-fermion models have been considered in the context of the Irreducible Green's Functions (IGF) approach. Examples are generalized d-f model and Ko...
0208227v1
2002-08-13
Itinerant Antiferromagnetism of Correlated Lattice Fermions
The problem of finding of the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic "symmetry broken" solutions of the correlated lattice fermion models beyond the mean-field approximation has been investigated. The calculation of the quasiparticle excitation spectra with damping for the single- and multi-orbital Hubbard model has been ...
0208242v1
2003-01-21
Zero temperature damping of Bose-Einstein condensate oscillations by vortex-antivortex pair creation
We investigate vortex-antivortex pair creation in a supersonically expanding and contracting quasi-2D Bose-Einstein condensate at zero temperature. For sufficiently large amplitude condensate oscillations, pair production provides the leading dissipation mechanism. The condensate oscillations decay in a nonexponential ...
0301397v3
2003-02-10
Damped orbital excitations in the titanates
A possible mechanism for the removal of the orbital degeneracy in RTiO3 (where R=La, Y, ...) is considered. The calculation is based on the Kugel-Khomskii Hamiltonian for electrons residing in the t2g orbitals of the Ti ions, and uses a self-consistent pe rturbation expansion in the interaction between the orbital and ...
0302182v1
2003-03-20
Energies and damping rates of elementary excitations in spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensed gases
Finite temperature Green's function technique is used to calculate the energies and damping rates of elementary excitations of the homogeneous, dilute, spin-1 Bose gases below the Bose-Einstein condensation temperature both in the density and spin channels. For this purpose the self-consistent dynamical Hartree-Fock mo...
0303424v3
2003-04-17
Non-Fermi liquid behavior from two-dimensional antiferromagnetic fluctuations: a renormalization-group and large-N analysis
We analyze the Hertz-Moriya-Millis theory of an antiferromagnetic quantum critical point, in the marginal case of two dimensions (d=2,z=2). Up to next-to-leading order in the number of components (N) of the field, we find that logarithmic corrections do not lead to an enhancement of the Landau damping. This is in agree...
0304415v1
2003-05-21
The path-coalescence transition and its applications
We analyse the motion of a system of particles subjected a random force fluctuating in both space and time, and experiencing viscous damping. When the damping exceeds a certain threshold, the system undergoes a phase transition: the particle trajectories coalesce. We analyse this transition by mapping it to a Kramers p...
0305491v2
2003-06-16
Infrared Spectroscopy of Quantum Crossbars
Infrared (IR) spectroscopy can be used as an important and effective tool for probing periodic networks of quantum wires or nanotubes (quantum crossbars, QCB) at finite frequencies far from the Luttinger liquid fixed point. Plasmon excitations in QCB may be involved in resonance diffraction of incident electromagnetic ...
0306409v1
2003-06-19
Superradiant light scattering from a moving Bose-Einstein condensate
We investigate the interaction of a moving BEC with a far detuned laser beam. Superradiant Rayleigh scattering arises from the spontaneous formation of a matter-wave grating due to the interference of two wavepackets with different momenta. The system is described by the CARL-BEC model which is a generalization of the ...
0306500v2
2003-07-25
Finite temperature excitations of a trapped Bose-Fermi mixture
We present a detailed study of the low-lying collective excitations of a spherically trapped Bose-Fermi mixture at finite temperature in the collisionless regime. The excitation frequencies of the condensate are calculated self-consistently using the static Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory within the Popov approximation....
0307638v1