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47
2003-08-19
Magnetization relaxation in (Ga,Mn)As ferromagnetic semiconductors
We describe a theory of Mn local-moment magnetization relaxation due to p-d kinetic-exchange coupling with the itinerant-spin subsystem in the ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga,Mn)As alloy. The theoretical Gilbert damping coefficient implied by this mechanism is calculated as a function of Mn moment density, hole concent...
0308386v3
2003-09-18
Memory-function approach to the normal-state optical properties of the Bechgaard salt (TMTSF)_2PF_6
The gauge invariant, two-component optical conductivity model, with a correlation gap structure related to the umklapp scattering processes, is applied to the quasi-one-dimensional electronic systems and compared to the recent measurements on the Bechgaard salt (TMTSF)_2PF_6. The optical response of both the insulating...
0309419v1
2003-10-03
Effects of electrostatic fields and Casimir force on cantilever vibrations
The effect of an external bias voltage and fluctuating electromagnetic fields on both the fundamental frequency and damping of cantilever vibrations is considered. An external voltage induces surface charges causing cantilever-sample electrostatic attraction. A similar effect arises from charged defects in dielectrics ...
0310081v1
2003-10-07
Precessional switching of thin nanomagnets: analytical study
We study analytically the precessional switching of the magnetization of a thin macrospin. We analyze its response when subjected to an external field along its in-plane hard axis. We derive the exact trajectories of the magnetization. The switching versus non switching behavior is delimited by a bifurcation trajectory...
0310147v1
2003-11-27
Temperature dependent Bogoliubov approximation in the classical fields approach to weakly interacting Bose gas
A classical fields approximation to the finite temperature microcanonical thermodynamics of weakly interacting Bose gas is applied to the idealized case of atoms confined in a box with periodic boundary conditions. We analyze in some detail the microcanonical temperature in the model. We also analyze the spectral prope...
0311622v1
2003-12-29
Plasmon attenuation and optical conductivity of a two-dimensional electron gas
In a ballistic two-dimensional electron gas, the Landau damping does not lead to plasmon attenuation in a broad interval of wave vectors q << k_F. Similarly, it does not contribute to the optical conductivity \sigma (\omega, q) in a wide domain of its arguments, E_F > \omega > qv_F, where E_F, k_F and v_F are, respecti...
0312684v3
2004-02-03
First-principles study of magnetization relaxation enhancement and spin-transfer in thin magnetic films
The interface-induced magnetization damping of thin ferromagnetic films in contact with normal-metal layers is calculated from first principles for clean and disordered Fe/Au and Co/Cu interfaces. Interference effects arising from coherent scattering turn out to be very small, consistent with a very small magnetic cohe...
0402088v2
2004-03-05
Mode-coupling theory and molecular dynamics simulation for heat conduction in a chain with transverse motions
We study heat conduction in a one-dimensional chain of particles with longitudinal as well as transverse motions. The particles are connected by two-dimensional harmonic springs together with bending angle interactions. The problem is analyzed by mode-coupling theory and compared with molecular dynamics. We find very g...
0403162v1
2004-03-21
Evidence for Superfluidity in a Resonantly Interacting Fermi Gas
We observe collective oscillations of a trapped, degenerate Fermi gas of $^6$Li atoms at a magnetic field just above a Feshbach resonance, where the two-body physics does not support a bound state. The gas exhibits a radial breathing mode at a frequency of 2837(05) Hz, in excellent agreement with the frequency of $\nu_...
0403540v2
2004-03-22
Parametric Driving of Dark Solitons in Atomic Bose-Einstein Condensates
A dark soliton oscillating in an elongated harmonically-confined atomic Bose-Einstein condensate continuously exchanges energy with the sound field. Periodic optical `paddles' are employed to controllably enhance the sound density and transfer energy to the soliton, analogous to parametric driving. In the absence of da...
0403566v2
2004-04-09
Network-Induced Oscillatory Behavior in Material Flow Networks
Network theory is rapidly changing our understanding of complex systems, but the relevance of topological features for the dynamic behavior of metabolic networks, food webs, production systems, information networks, or cascade failures of power grids remains to be explored. Based on a simple model of supply networks, w...
0404226v1
2004-04-28
Dynamics of the Electro-Reflective Response of TaS3
We have observed a large (~1%) change in infrared reflectance of the charge-density-wave (CDW) conductor, orthorhombic TaS3, when its CDW is depinned. The change is concentrated near one current contact. Assuming that the change in reflectance is proportional to the degree of CDW polarization, we have studied the dynam...
0404690v1
2004-05-06
Damping of the de Haas-van Alphen oscillations in the superconducting state of MgB_2
The de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) signal arising from orbits on the $\pi$ Fermi surface sheet of the two-gap superconductor MgB$_2$ has been observed in the vortex state below $H_{c2}$. An extra attenuation of the dHvA signal, beyond those effects described in the conventional Lifshitz-Kosevich expression, is seen due to t...
0405120v1
2004-05-26
Magnetic droplets in a metal close to a ferromagnetic quantum critical point
Using analytical and path integral Monte Carlo methods, we study the susceptibility $\chi_{dc}(T)$ of a spin-S impurity with XY rotational symmetry embedded in a metal. Close to a ferromagnetic quantum critical point, the impurity polarizes conduction electrons in its vicinity and forms a large magnetic droplet with mo...
0405618v2
2004-06-29
Pairing gaps in atomic gases at the BCS-BEC crossover
Strong evidence for pairing and superfluidity has recently been found in atomic Fermi gases at the BCS-BEC crossover both in collective modes and RF excitation energies. It is argued that the scale for the effective pairing gaps measured in RF experiments is set by the lowest quasiparticle in-gap excitation energies. T...
0406714v3
2004-08-26
Decoherence of Rabi oscillations in a single quantum dot
We develop a realistic model of Rabi oscillations in a quantum-dot photodiode. Based in a multi-exciton density matrix formulation we show that for short pulses the two-level models fails and higher levels should be taken into account. This affects some of the experimental conclusions, such as the inferred efficiency o...
0408570v2
2004-08-28
Breakdown of Hydrodynamics in the Radial Breathing Mode of a Strongly-Interacting Fermi Gas
We measure the magnetic field dependence of the frequency and damping time for the radial breathing mode of an optically trapped, Fermi gas of $^6$Li atoms near a Feshbach resonance. The measurements address the apparent discrepancy between the results of Kinast et al., [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 92}, 150402 (2004)] and th...
0408634v2
2004-10-01
Magnetic Properties of Cuprate Perovskites
The magnetic susceptibility of underdoped yttrium and lanthanum cuprates is interpreted based on the self-consistent solution of the t-J model of a Cu-O plane. The calculations reproduce correctly the frequency dependencies of the susceptibility in YBa2Cu3O_{7-y} and La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO4 attributing their dissimilarity to ...
0410009v1
2004-11-12
Microwave induced resistance oscillations on a high-mobility 2DEG: absorption/reflection and temperature damping experiments
In this work we address experimentally a number of unresolved issues related to microwave induced resistance oscillations (MIRO) and the zero-resistance states observed recently on very high-mobility 2D electron gases in GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures. In particular, we examine electrodynamic effects via reflection/absor...
0411338v1
2004-11-17
Path integral derivation of Bloch-Redfield equations for a qubit weakly coupled to a heat bath: Application to nonadiabatic transitions
Quantum information processing has greatly increased interest in the phenomenon of environmentally-induced decoherence. The spin boson model is widely used to study the interaction between a spin-modelling a quantum particle moving in a double well potential-and its environment-modelled by a heat bath of harmonic oscil...
0411443v1
2004-11-24
Josephson tunnel junctions with nonlinear damping for RSFQ-qubit circuit applications
We demonstrate that shunting of Superconductor-Insulator-Superconductor Josephson junctions by Superconductor-Insulator-Normal metal (S-I-N) structures having pronounced non-linear I-V characteristics can remarkably modify the Josephson dynamics. In the regime of Josephson generation the phase behaves as an overdamped ...
0411607v1
2004-12-01
Reply to Millis et al. on "A Tale of Two Theories: Quantum Griffiths Effects in Metallic Systems"
In a recent paper (cond-mat/0411197) we showed the equivalence of two seemingly contradictory theories on Griffiths-McCoy singularities (GMS) in metallic antiferromagnets close to a quantum critical point (QCP). In a recent comment, Millis {\it et al.} (cond-mat/0411738) argue that in heavy-fermion materials the electr...
0412020v2
2005-01-04
On continuum modeling of sputter erosion under normal incidence: interplay between nonlocality and nonlinearity
Under specific experimental circumstances, sputter erosion on semiconductor materials exhibits highly ordered hexagonal dot-like nanostructures. In a recent attempt to theoretically understand this pattern forming process, Facsko et al. [Phys. Rev. B 69, 153412 (2004)] suggested a nonlocal, damped Kuramoto-Sivashinsky ...
0501049v2
2005-01-18
Incommensurate spin dynamics in underdoped cuprate perovskites
The incommensurate magnetic response observed in normal-state cuprate perovskites is interpreted based on the projection operator formalism and the t-J model of Cu-O planes. In agreement with experiment the calculated dispersion of maxima in the susceptibility has the shape of two parabolas with upward and downward bra...
0501418v1
2005-02-21
Velocity dependence of atomic-scale friction: a comparative study of the one- and two-dimensional Tomlinson model
We present a comparative analysis of the velocity dependence of atomic-scale friction for the Tomlinson model, at zero and finite temperatures, in 1D and 2D, and for different values of the damping. Combining analytical arguments with numerical simulations, we show that an appreciable velocity dependence of the kinetic...
0502496v1
2005-02-28
Magnetization dynamics of two interacting spins in an external magnetic field
The longitudinal relaxation time of the magnetization of a system of two exchange coupled spins subjected to a strong magnetic field is calculated exactly by averaging the stochastic Gilbert-Landau-Lifshitz equation for the magnetization, i.e., the Langevin equation of the process, over its realizations so reducing the...
0502661v2
2005-03-12
Collective Oscillations of Strongly Correlated One-Dimensional Bosons on a Lattice
We study the dipole oscillations of strongly correlated 1D bosons, in the hard-core limit, on a lattice, by an exact numerical approach. We show that far from the regime where a Mott insulator appears in the system, damping is always present and increases for larger initial displacements of the trap, causing dramatic c...
0503302v2
2005-04-28
Coherence properties of bulk matter
We prove a theorem, using the density functional approach and relying on a classical result by Lieb and Simon on Thomas-Fermi model, showing that in the thermodynamic limit bulk matter is at most semiclassical and coherence preserving. The connection between quantum fluid dynamics and density functional theory in the f...
0504768v3
2005-05-19
Harmonic Content of Strain-induced Potential Modulation in Unidirectional Lateral Superlattices
Detailed analysis of the commensurability oscillation (CO) has been performed on unidirectional lateral superlattices with periods ranging from a=92 to 184 nm. Fourier analysis reveals the second (and the third) harmonics along with the fundamental oscillation for a>=138 nm (184 nm) at low-enough temperature, evincing ...
0505479v1
2005-06-14
Lifetime of the first and second collective excitations in metallic nanoparticles
We determine the lifetime of the surface plasmon in metallic nanoparticles under various conditions, concentrating on the Landau damping, which is the dominant mechanism for intermediate-size particles. Besides the main contribution to the lifetime, which smoothly increases with the size of the particle, our semiclassi...
0506320v2
2005-07-27
Dynamics of a nanomechanical resonator coupled to a superconducting single-electron transistor
We present an analysis of the dynamics of a nanomechanical resonator coupled to a superconducting single electron transistor (SSET) in the vicinity of the Josephson quasiparticle (JQP) and double Josephson quasiparticle (DJQP) resonances. For weak coupling and wide separation of dynamical timescales, we find that for e...
0507645v1
2005-08-01
Unexpected Effect of Internal Degrees of Freedom on Transverse Phonons in Supercooled Liquids
We show experimentally that in a supercooled liquid composed of molecules with internal degrees of freedom the internal modes contribute to the frequency dependent shear viscosity and damping of transverse phonons, which results in an additional broadening of the transverse Brillouin lines. Earlier, only the effect of ...
0508046v1
2005-08-05
Damping of vortex waves in a superfluid
The damping of vortex cyclotron modes is investigated within a generalized quantum theory of vortex waves. Similarly to the case of Kelvin modes, the friction coefficient turns out to be essentially unchanged under such oscillations, but it is shown to be affected by appreciable memory corrections. On the other hand, t...
0508167v1
2005-08-08
Collective excitations of low density fermion-boson quantum-liquid mixtures
We investigate the collective excitations of a low temperature dilute gas mixture that consists of a Bose-Einstein condensate and a Fermi-gas that is a normal (i.e. non-superfluid) Fermi-liquid. We find that the BEC-mediated fermion-fermion interactions, as a consequence of retardation, can become repulsive and support...
0508207v1
2005-09-02
Inhomogeneous soliton ratchets under two ac forces
We extend our previous work on soliton ratchet devices [L. Morales-Molina et al., Eur. Phys. J. B 37, 79 (2004)] to consider the joint effect of two ac forces including non-harmonic drivings, as proposed for particle ratchets by Savele'v et al. [Europhys. Lett. 67}, 179 (2004); Phys. Rev. E {\bf 70} 066109 (2004)]. Cur...
0509051v1
2005-10-27
Acoustic damping in Li$_2$O-2B$_2$O$_3$ glass observed by inelastic x-ray and optical Brillouin scattering
The dynamic structure factor of lithium-diborate glass has been measured at several values of the momentum transfer $Q$ using high resolution inelastic x-ray scattering. Much attention has been devoted to the low $Q$-range, below the observed Ioffe-Regel crossover \qco{}$\simeq$ 2.1 nm$^{-1}$. We find that below \qco{}...
0510714v1
2005-12-07
Acoustic attenuation probe for fermion superfluidity in ultracold atom gases
Dilute gas Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC's), currently used to cool fermionic atoms in atom traps, can also probe the superfluidity of these fermions. The damping rate of BEC-acoustic excitations (phonon modes), measured in the middle of the trap as a function of the phonon momentum, yields an unambiguous signature of...
0512134v4
2005-12-29
Current-induced magnetization dynamics in disordered itinerant ferromagnets
Current-driven magnetization dynamics in ferromagnetic metals are studied in a self-consistent adiabatic local-density approximation in the presence of spin-conserving and spin-dephasing impurity scattering. Based on a quantum kinetic equation, we derive Gilbert damping and spin-transfer torques entering the Landau-Lif...
0512715v4
2006-01-11
Apparent phonon side band modes in pi-conjugated systems: polymers, oligomers and crystals
The emission spectra of many pi-conjugated polymers and oligomers contain side-band replicas with apparent frequencies that do not match the Raman active mode frequencies. Using a time dependent model we show that in such many mode systems, the increased damping of the time dependent transition dipole moment correlatio...
0601218v1
2006-03-01
Renormalization of the electron-spin-fluctuation interaction in the t-t'-U Hubbard model
We study the renormalization of the electron-spin-fluctuation (el-sp) vertex in a two-dimensional Hubbard model with nearest-neighbor (t) and next-nearest-neighbor (t') hopping by a Quantum-Monte-Carlo calculation. Our results show that for t'=0, the renormalized el-sp vertex decreases quite generally with decreasing t...
0603014v3
2006-07-18
Equilibrium and non-equilibrium dynamics of the sub-ohmic spin-boson model
Employing the non-perturbative numerical renormalization group method, we study the dynamics of the spin-boson model, which describes a two-level system coupled to a bosonic bath with spectral density J(omega) propto omega^s. We show that, in contrast to the case of ohmic damping, the delocalized phase of the sub-ohmic...
0607443v2
2006-09-29
Quantum master equation for electron transport through quantum dots and single molecules
A quantum master equation (QME) is derived for the many-body density matrix of an open current-carrying system weakly coupled to two metal leads. The dynamics and the steady-state properties of the system for arbitrary bias are studied using projection operator techniques, which keep track of number of electrons in the...
0610004v1
2006-10-25
Pulse and hold strategy for switching current measurements
We investigate by theory and experiment, the Josephson junction switching current detector in an environment with frequency dependent damping. Analysis of the circuit's phase space show that a favorable topology for switching can be obtained with overdamped dynamics at high frequencies. A pulse-and-hold method is descr...
0610704v2
2006-10-29
Experimental Studies of Low-field Landau Quantization in Two-dimensional Electron Systems in GaAs/AlGaAs Heterostructures
By applying a magnetic field perpendicular to GaAs/AlGaAs two-dimensional electron systems, we study the low-field Landau quantization when the thermal damping is reduced with decreasing the temperature. Magneto-oscillations following Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) formula are observed even when their amplitudes are so large ...
0610805v1
2007-01-12
Electron spin quantum beats in positively charged quantum dots: nuclear field effects
We have studied the electron spin coherence in an ensemble of positively charged InAs/GaAs quantum dots. In a transverse magnetic field, we show that two main contributions must be taken into account to explain the damping of the circular polarization oscillations. The first one is due to the nuclear field fluctuations...
0701284v2
2007-02-05
Verification of stable operation of rapid single flux quantum devices with selective dissipation
It has been suggested that Rapid Single Flux Quantum (RSFQ) devices could be used as the classical interface of superconducting qubit systems. One problem is that the interface acts as a dissipative environment for a qubit. Recently ways to modify the RSFQ damping to reduce the dissipation have been introduced. One of ...
0702104v1
2007-02-21
RPAE versus RPA for the Tomonaga model with quadratic energy dispersion
Recently the damping of the collective charge (and spin) modes of interacting fermions in one spatial dimension was studied. It results from the nonlinear correction to the energy dispersion in the vicinity of the Fermi points. To investigate the damping one has to replace the random phase approximation (RPA) bare bubb...
0702488v2
2007-03-01
Spin dynamics across the superfluid-insulator transition of spinful bosons
Bosons with non-zero spin exhibit a rich variety of superfluid and insulating phases. Most phases support coherent spin oscillations, which have been the focus of numerous recent experiments. These spin oscillations are Rabi oscillations between discrete levels deep in the insulator, while deep in the superfluid they c...
0703011v2
2007-03-21
Edge magnetoplasmons in a partially screened two-dimensional electron gas on a helium surface
We report a study of edge magnetoplasmons in a partially-screened system of electrons on a helium surface. We compare experimental results with theories of the frequency, damping, and penetration-depth dependence on magnetic field, temperature-dependent damping, and the dependence of the frequency on screening. We show...
0703558v1
1997-02-12
On the problem of semiinfinite beam oscillation with internal damping
We study the Cauchy problem for the equation of the form $$ \ddot{u}(t) + (\aa A + B)\dot{u}(t) + (A+G)u(t) = 0,\tag* $$ where $A$, $B$, and $G$ are \o s in a Hilbert space $\Cal H$ with $A$ selfadjoint, $\sigma(A)=[0,\infty)$, $B\ge0$ bounded, and $G$ symmetric and $A$-subordinate in a certain sense. Spectral properti...
9702007v1
1994-04-14
Decoherence, Correlation, and Unstable Quantum States in Semiclassical Cosmology
It is demonstrated that almost any S-matrix of quantum field theory in curved spaces posses an infinite set of complex poles (or branch cuts). These poles can be transformed into complex eigenvalues, the corresponding eigenvectors being Gamow vectors. All this formalism, which is heuristic in ordinary Hilbert space, be...
9404028v1
1994-09-27
Effects of weak self-interactions in a relativistic plasma on cosmological perturbations
The exact solutions for linear cosmological perturbations which have been obtained for collisionless relativistic matter within thermal field theory are extended to a self-interacting case. The two-loop contributions of scalar $\lambda\phi^4$ theory to the thermal graviton self-energy are evaluated, which give the $O(\...
9409055v2
1995-03-07
ON THE OSCILLATION SPECTRA OF ULTRA COMPACT STARS
Quasinormal modes of ultra compact stars with uniform energy density have been calculated. For less compact stars, there is only one very slowly damped polar mode (corresponding to the Kelvin f-mode) for each spherical harmonic index $l$. Further long-lived modes become possible for a sufficiently compact star (roughly...
9503012v1
1998-02-13
Radiation Damping in FRW Space-times with Different Topologies
We study the role played by the compactness and the degree of connectedness in the time evolution of the energy of a radiating system in the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) space-times whose $t=const $ spacelike sections are the Euclidean 3-manifold ${\cal R}^3$ and six topologically non-equivalent flat orientable com...
9802031v1
1998-05-06
Damping of Gravitational Waves and Density Perturbations in the Early Universe
Since the discovery of the large angular scale anisotropies in the microwave background radiation, the behaviour of cosmological perturbations (especially, density perturbations and gravitational waves) has been of great interest. In this study, after a detailed and rigorous treatment of the behaviour of gravitational ...
9805016v1
1998-11-11
Late-Time Evolution of Realistic Rotating Collapse and The No-Hair Theorem
We study analytically the asymptotic late-time evolution of realistic rotating collapse. This is done by considering the asymptotic late-time solutions of Teukolsky's master equation, which governs the evolution of gravitational, electromagnetic, neutrino and scalar perturbations fields on Kerr spacetimes. In accordanc...
9811032v2
1999-09-22
Vorticity affects the stability of neutron stars
The spin rate \Omega of neutron stars at a given temperature T is constrained by the interplay between gravitational-radiation instabilities and viscous damping. Navier-Stokes theory has been used to calculate the viscous damping timescales and produce a stability curve for r-modes in the (\Omega,T) plane. In Navier-St...
9909073v2
2000-02-02
Active controls in interferometric detectors of gravitational waves: inertial damping of the VIRGO superattenuator
The operation of an interferometer for gravitational waves detection requires sophisticated feedback controls in many parts of the apparatus. The aim of this lecture is to introduce the types of problems to be faced in this line of research. The attention is focused on the "inertial damping" of the test mass suspension...
0002006v2
2000-08-09
Gravitational Wave Damping of Neutron Star Wobble
We calculate the effect of gravitational wave (gw) back-reaction on realistic neutron stars (NS's) undergoing torque-free precession. By `realistic' we mean that the NS is treated as a mostly-fluid body with an elastic crust, as opposed to a rigid body. We find that gw's damp NS wobble on a timescale tau_{theta} approx...
0008021v1
2000-11-30
Tests of strong-field gravity and gravitational radiation damping in binary-pulsar systems
This talk reviews the constraints imposed by binary-pulsar data on gravity theories, and notably on "scalar-tensor" theories which are the most natural alternatives to general relativity. Because neutron stars have a strong gravitational binding energy, binary-pulsar tests are qualitatively different from solar-system ...
0011114v1
2001-07-17
Properties of r modes in rotating magnetic neutron stars. I. Kinematic Secular Effects and Magnetic Evolution Equations
The instability of r-mode oscillations in rapidly rotating neutron stars has attracted attention as a potential mechanism for producing high frequency, almost periodic gravitational waves. The analyses carried so far have shown the existence of these modes and have considered damping by shear and bulk viscosity. Howeve...
0107061v1
2006-12-07
Improved calculation of relic gravitational waves
In this paper, we improve the calculation of the relic gravitational waves (RGW) in two aspects: First, we investigate the transfer function after considering the redshift-suppression effect, the accelerating expansion effect, the damping effect of free-streaming relativistic particles, and the damping effect of cosmic...
0612041v3
2007-01-16
Influence of Lorentz violation on Dirac quasinormal modes in the Schwarzschild black hole spacetime
Using the third-order WKB approximation and monodromy methods, we investigate the influence of Lorentz violating coefficient $b$ (associated with a special axial-vector $b_{\mu}$ field) on Dirac quasinormal modes in the Schwarzschild black hole spacetime. At fundamental overtone, the real part decreases linearly as the...
0701089v1
2007-03-29
Constraint Damping in First-Order Evolution Systems for Numerical Relativity
A new constraint suppressing formulation of the Einstein evolution equations is presented, generalizing the five-parameter first-order system due to Kidder, Scheel and Teukolsky (KST). The auxiliary fields, introduced to make the KST system first-order, are given modified evolution equations designed to drive constrain...
0703145v1
1994-01-21
Transport Properties of Quark and Gluon Plasmas
The kinetic properties of relativistic quark-gluon and electron-photon plasmas are described in the weak coupling limit. The troublesome Rutherford divergence at small scattering angles is screened by Debye screening for the longitudinal or electric part of the interactions. The transverse or magnetic part of the inter...
9401300v1
1994-04-20
Electroweak Baryogenesis and Standard Model CP Violation
We analyze the mechanism of electroweak baryogenesis proposed by Farrar and Shaposhnikov in which the phase of the CKM mixing matrix is the only source of $CP$ violation. This mechanism is based on a phase separation of baryons via the scattering of quasiparticles by the wall of an expanding bubble produced at the elec...
9404302v1
1994-06-11
Standard Model CP-violation and Baryon asymmetry Part II: Finite Temperature
We consider the scattering of quasi-particles off the boundary created during a first order electroweak phase transition. Spatial coherence is lost due to the quasi-quark damping rate, and we show that reflection on the boundary is suppressed, even at tree-level. Simply on CP considerations, we argue against electrowea...
9406289v2
1995-12-12
Bubble Collisions and Defect Formation in a Damping Environment
Within the context of a first-order phase transition in the early Universe, we study the collision process for vacuum bubbles expanding in a plasma. The effects of the plasma are simulated by introducing a damping term in the equations of motion for a $U(1)$ global field. We find that Lorentz-contracted spherically sym...
9512290v1
1996-09-02
The quasiparticle structure of hot gauge theories
The study of the ultrarelativistic plasmas in perturbation theory is plagued with infrared divergences which are not eliminated by the screening corrections. They affect, in particular, the computation of the lifetime of the elementary excitations, thus casting doubt on the validity of the quasiparticle picture. We sho...
9609225v1
1996-10-18
Finiteness of Hot Classical Scalar Field Theory and the Plasmon Damping Rate
We investigate the renormalizability of the classical $\phi^4$ theory at finite temperature. We calculate the time-dependent two point function to two loop order and show that it can be rendered finite by the counterterms of the classical static theory. As an application the classical plasmon damping rate is found to b...
9610415v2
1996-12-30
Defect Formation in First Order Phase Transitions with Damping
Within the context of first order phase transitions in the early universe, we study the influence of a coupling between the (global U(1)) scalar driving the transition and the rest of the matter content of the theory. The effect of the coupling on the scalar is simulated by introducing a damping term in its equations o...
9612487v1
1997-07-28
Plasmon properties in classical lattice gauge theory
In order to investigate the features of the classical approximation at high temperatures for real time correlation functions, the plasmon frequencies and damping rates were recently computed numerically in the SU(2)+Higgs model and in the pure SU(2) theory. We compare the lattice results with leading order hard thermal...
9707489v2
1998-09-11
Dynamical renormalization group resummation of finite temperature infrared divergences
We introduce the method of dynamical renormalization group to study relaxation and damping out of equilibrium directly in real time and applied it to the study of infrared divergences in scalar QED. This method allows a consistent resummation of infrared effects associated with the exchange of quasistatic transverse ph...
9809346v2
1999-02-12
Beyond HTL: The Classical Kinetic Theory of Landau Damping for Selfinteracting Scalar Fields in the Broken Phase
The effective theory of low frequency fluctuations of selfinteracting scalar fields is constructed in the broken symmetry phase. The theory resulting from integrating fluctuations with frequencies much above the spontanously generated mass scale $(p_0>>M)$ is found to be local. Non-local dynamics, especially Landau dam...
9902331v1
2000-04-05
A consistent nonperturbative approach to thermal damping-rates
We propose a nonperturbative scheme for the calculation of thermal damping-rates using exact renormalization group (RG)-equations. Special emphasis is put on the thermal RG where first results for the rate were given in M. Pietroni, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81 (1998), 2424. We point out that in order to obtain a complete resul...
0004039v2
2000-07-07
Finite pion width effects on the rho--meson
We study the influence of the finite damping width of pions on the in-medium properties of the rho-meson in an interacting meson gas model at finite temperature. Using vector dominance also implications on the resulting dilepton spectra from the decay of the rho-meson are presented. A set of coupled Dyson equations wit...
0007070v3
2000-08-31
New Regime for Dense String Networks
We uncover a new transient regime that reconciles the apparent inconsistency of the Martins Shellard one scale damped string evolution model with the initial conditions predicted by the Kibble mechanism for string formation in a second order phase transition. This regime carries (in a short cosmic time $\sim .1 t_c$) t...
0008330v1
2001-01-25
The Fermion Boson Interaction Within the Linear Sigma Model at Finite Temperature
We reinvestigate the interaction of massless fermions with massless bosons at finite temperature. Specifically, we calculate the self-energy of massless fermions due the interaction with massless bosons at high temperature, which is the region where thermal effects are maximal. The calculations are concentrated in the ...
0101283v3
2001-11-02
Quark Number Susceptibility in Hard Thermal Loop Approximation
We calculate the quark number susceptibility in the deconfined phase of QCD using the hard thermal loop (HTL) approximation for the quark propagator. This improved perturbation theory takes into account important medium effects such as thermal quark masses and Landau damping in the quark-gluon plasma. We explicitly sho...
0111022v4
2001-12-29
Damped $\sin(β-α)$ of Higgs couplings and the lightest Higgs production at $γγ$ colliders in MSSM
In the decoupling limit, $M^2_{A^0} \gg M^2_Z$, the heavy CP-even, CP-odd and charged Higgs boson masses are nearly degenerate, $\sin(\beta-\alpha)$ approaches 1, and the lightest CP-even Higgs boson almost displays the same properties as the Standard Model Higgs boson. But the stop and sbottom sector can change this p...
0112356v1
2004-05-31
Gauge dependence of the fermion quasiparticle poles in hot gauge theories
The gauge dependence of the complex fermion quasiparticle poles corresponding to soft collective excitations is studied in hot gauge theories at one-loop order and next-to-leading order in the high-temperature expansion, with a view towards going beyond the leading order hard thermal loops and resummations thereof. We ...
0406002v2
2004-11-09
Numerical investigation of friction in inflaton equations of motion
The equation of motion for the expectation value of a scalar quantum field does not have the local form that is commonly assumed in studies of inflationary cosmology. We have recently argued that the true, temporally non-local equation of motion does not possess a time-derivative expansion and that the conversion of in...
0411130v1
2006-03-03
Damping of supernova neutrino transitions in stochastic shock-wave density profiles
Supernova neutrino flavor transitions during the shock wave propagation are known to encode relevant information not only about the matter density profile but also about unknown neutrino properties, such as the mass hierarchy (normal or inverted) and the mixing angle theta_13. While previous studies have focussed on "d...
0603033v2
2006-08-11
Constraining SuperWIMPy and Warm Subhalos with Future Submillilensing
We propose to observe QSO-galaxy strong lens systems to give a new constraint on the damping scale of the initial fluctuations. We find that the future observation of submilliarc scale astrometric shifts of the multiple lensed images of QSOs would find \sim 10^{(3-9)} M_{\odot} subhalos inside the macrolens halo. The s...
0608126v2
2006-11-15
Time-to-Space Conversion in Neutrino Oscillations
We study the neutrino oscillation problem in the framework of the wave packet formalism. The neutrino state is described by a packet located initially in a region S (source) and detected in another region D at a distance R from S. We examine how the oscillation probability as a function of variable R can be derived fro...
0611202v1
1991-09-26
The Damping of Energetic Gluons and Quarks in High-Temperature QCD
When a gluon or a quark is sent through the hot QCD plasma it can be absorbed into the ambient heat bath and so can acquire an effective lifetime. At high temperatures and for weak couplings the inverse lifetime, or damping rate, for energetic quarks and transverse gluons, (those whose momenta satisfy $|\p| \gg gT$) is...
9109051v1
1998-09-11
Damping and reaction rates and wave function renormalization of fermions in hot gauge theories
We examine the relation between the damping rate of a chiral fermion mode propagating in a hot plasma and the rate at which the mode approaches equilibrium. We show how these two quantities, obtained from the imaginary part of the fermion self-energy, are equal when the reaction rate is defined using the appropriate wa...
9809083v2
2003-12-28
A mechanism of the large-scale damping in the CMB anisotropy
We present a mechanism through which a certain class of short-distance cutoff affects the CMB anisotropies at large angular scales. Our analysis is performed in two steps. The first is given in an intuitive way, using the property of the inflationary universe that quantum fluctuations of an inflaton field become classi...
0312298v7
2005-03-03
Scalar field perturbations of the Schwarzschild black hole in the Gödel Universe
We investigate the scalar field perturbations of the 4+1-dimensional Schwarzschild black hole immersed in a G\"{o}del Universe, described by the Gimon-Hashimoto solution.This may model the influence of the possible rotation of the Universe upon the radiative processes near a black hole. In the regime when the scale par...
0503029v2
2005-08-25
The Dynamics of Small Instanton Phase Transitions
The small instanton transition of a five-brane colliding with one end of the S1/Z2 interval in heterotic M-theory is discussed, with emphasis on the transition moduli, their potential function and the associated non-perturbative superpotential. Using numerical methods, the equations of motion of these moduli coupled to...
0508190v2
2006-11-21
Renormalization group study of damping in nonequilibrium field theory
In this paper we shall study whether dissipation in a $\lambda\phi^{4}$ may be described, in the long wavelength, low frequency limit, with a simple Ohmic term $\kappa\dot{\phi}$, as it is usually done, for example, in studies of defect formation in nonequilibrium phase transitions. We shall obtain an effective theory ...
0611222v1
2006-02-16
Exit from a basin of attraction for stochastic weakly damped nonlinear Schrödinger equations
We consider weakly damped nonlinear Schr\"odinger equations perturbed by a noise of small amplitude. The small noise is either complex and of additive type or real and of multiplicative type. It is white in time and colored in space. Zero is an asymptotically stable equilibrium point of the deterministic equations. We ...
0602350v1
2006-06-30
Uniform attractors for non-autonomous wave equations with nonlinear damping
We consider dynamical behavior of non-autonomous wave-type evolutionary equations with nonlinear damping, critical nonlinearity, and time-dependent external forcing which is translation bounded but not translation compact (i.e., external forcing is not necessarily time-periodic, quasi-periodic or almost periodic). A su...
0606776v1
2001-04-17
Scattering and radiation damping in gyroscopic Lorentz electrodynamic
Relativistic massive Lorentz electrodynamics (LED) is studied in a ``gyroscopic setup'' where the electromagnetic fields and the particle spin are the only dynamical degrees of freedom. A rigorous proof of the global existence and uniqueness of the dynamics is given for essentially the whole range of field strengths ...
0104023v2
2002-06-18
Hamiltonian and Linear-Space Structure for Damped Oscillators: I. General Theory
The phase space of $N$ damped linear oscillators is endowed with a bilinear map under which the evolution operator is symmetric. This analog of self-adjointness allows properties familiar from conservative systems to be recovered, e.g., eigenvectors are "orthogonal" under the bilinear map and obey sum rules, initial-va...
0206026v2
2002-06-17
Hamiltonian and Linear-Space Structure for Damped Oscillators: II. Critical Points
The eigenvector expansion developed in the preceding paper for a system of damped linear oscillators is extended to critical points, where eigenvectors merge and the time-evolution operator $H$ assumes a Jordan-block structure. The representation of the bilinear map is obtained in this basis. Perturbations $\epsilon\De...
0206027v2
2004-02-24
Classical harmonic oscillator with Dirac-like parameters and possible applications
We obtain a class of parametric oscillation modes that we call K-modes with damping and absorption that are connected to the classical harmonic oscillator modes through the "supersymmetric" one-dimensional matrix procedure similar to relationships of the same type between Dirac and Schroedinger equations in particle ph...
0402065v2
2000-02-22
Front motion for phase transitions in systems with memory
We consider the Allen-Cahn equations with memory (a partial integro-differential convolution equation). The prototype kernels are exponentially decreasing functions of time and they reduce the integrodifferential equation to a hyperbolic one, the damped Klein-Gordon equation. By means of a formal asymptotic analysis we...
0002039v1
2002-03-01
Excitation of travelling multibreathers in anharmonic chains
We study the dynamics of the "externally" forced and damped Fermi-Pasta-Ulam (FPU) 1D lattice. The forcing has the spatial symmetry of the Fourier mode with wavenumber p and oscillates sinusoidally in time with the frequency omega. When omega is in the phonon band, the p-mode becomes modulationally unstable above a cri...
0203002v1
2003-01-15
Resonant triad dynamics in weakly damped Faraday waves with two-frequency forcing
Many of the interesting patterns seen in recent multi-frequency Faraday experiments can be understood on the basis of three-wave interactions (resonant triads). In this paper we consider two-frequency forcing and focus on a resonant triad that occurs near the bicritical point where two pattern-forming modes with distin...
0301015v1