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2020-09-17
Temperature Dependent Non-linear Damping in Palladium Nano-mechanical Resonators
Advances in nano-fabrication techniques has made it feasible to observe damping phenomena beyond the linear regime in nano-mechanical systems. In this work, we report cubic non-linear damping in palladium nano-mechanical resonators. Nano-scale palladium beams exposed to a $H_2$ atmosphere become softer and display enha...
2009.08324v1
2020-09-22
Sharp exponential decay rates for anisotropically damped waves
In this article, we study energy decay of the damped wave equation on compact Riemannian manifolds where the damping coefficient is anisotropic and modeled by a pseudodifferential operator of order zero. We prove that the energy of solutions decays at an exponential rate if and only if the damping coefficient satisfies...
2009.10832v2
2020-12-25
Information constraint in open quantum systems
We propose an effect called information constraint which is characterized by the existence of different decay rates of signal strengths propagating along opposite directions. It is an intrinsic property of a type of open quantum system, which does not rely on boundary conditions. We define the value of information cons...
2012.13583v3
2021-04-29
Non-linear damping of standing kink waves computed with Elsasser variables
In a previous paper, we computed the energy density and the non-linear energy cascade rate for transverse kink waves using Elsasser variables. In this paper, we focus on the standing kink waves, which are impulsively excited in coronal loops by external perturbations. We present an analytical calculation to compute the...
2104.14331v1
2021-05-31
Revisiting the Plasmon Radiation Damping of Gold Nanorods
Noble metal nanoparticles have been utilized for a vast amount of optical applications. For the applications that used metal nanoparticles as nanosensors and optical labeling, larger radiation damping is preferred (higher optical signal). To get a deeper knowledge about the radiation damping of noble metal nanoparticle...
2105.14873v1
2021-06-23
Bayesian evidence for a nonlinear damping model for coronal loop oscillations
Recent observational and theoretical studies indicate that the damping of solar coronal loop oscillations depends on the oscillation amplitude. We consider two mechanisms, linear resonant absorption and a nonlinear damping model. We confront theoretical predictions from these models with observed data in the plane of o...
2106.12243v1
2021-07-13
Convergence of iterates for first-order optimization algorithms with inertia and Hessian driven damping
In a Hilbert space setting, for convex optimization, we show the convergence of the iterates to optimal solutions for a class of accelerated first-order algorithms. They can be interpreted as discrete temporal versions of an inertial dynamic involving both viscous damping and Hessian-driven damping. The asymptotically ...
2107.05943v1
2021-12-13
Effect of interfacial damping on high-frequency surface wave resonance on a nanostrip-bonded substrate
Since surface acoustic waves (SAW) are often generated on substrates to which nanostrips are periodically attached, it is very important to consider the effect of interface between the deposited strip and the substrate surface, which is an unavoidable issue in manufacturing. In this paper, we propose a theoretical mode...
2112.06367v1
2021-12-13
Cosmic ray streaming in the turbulent interstellar medium
We study the streaming instability of GeV$-100~$GeV cosmic rays (CRs) and its damping in the turbulent interstellar medium (ISM). We find that the damping of streaming instability is dominated by ion-neutral collisional damping in weakly ionized molecular clouds, turbulent damping in the highly ionized warm medium, and...
2112.06941v2
2022-05-27
Scalar field damping at high temperatures
The motion of a scalar field that interacts with a hot plasma, like the inflaton during reheating, is damped, which is a dissipative process. At high temperatures the damping can be described by a local term in the effective equation of motion. The damping coefficient is sensitive to multiple scattering. In the loop ex...
2205.14166v2
2022-09-13
Latest results from the DAMPE space mission
The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a space-based particle detector launched on December 17th, 2015 from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center (China). The main goals of the DAMPE mission are the study of galactic cosmic rays (CR), the electron-positron energy spectrum, gamma-ray astronomy, and indirect dark mat...
2209.06014v1
2022-10-25
Microscopic structure of electromagnetic whistler wave damping by kinetic mechanisms in hot magnetized Vlasov plasmas
The kinetic damping mechanism of low frequency transverse perturbations propagating parallel to the magnetic field in a magnetized warm electron plasma is simulated by means of electromagnetic (EM) Vlasov simulations. The short-time-scale damping of the electron magnetohydrodynamic whistler perturbations and underlying...
2210.13764v1
2022-12-02
Equivalence between the energy decay of fractional damped Klein-Gordon equations and geometric conditions for damping coefficients
We consider damped $s$-fractional Klein--Gordon equations on $\mathbb{R}^d$, where $s$ denotes the order of the fractional Laplacian. In the one-dimensional case $d = 1$, Green (2020) established that the exponential decay for $s \geq 2$ and the polynomial decay of order $s/(4-2s)$ hold if and only if the damping coeff...
2212.01029v4
2023-01-13
An artificially-damped Fourier method for dispersive evolution equations
Computing solutions to partial differential equations using the fast Fourier transform can lead to unwanted oscillatory behavior. Due to the periodic nature of the discrete Fourier transform, waves that leave the computational domain on one side reappear on the other and for dispersive equations these are typically hig...
2301.05789v1
2023-03-07
Stabilization of the wave equation on larger-dimension tori with rough dampings
This paper deals with uniform stabilization of the damped wave equation. When the manifold is compact and the damping is continuous, the geometric control condition is known to be necessary and sufficient. In the case where the damping is a sum of characteristic functions of polygons on a two-dimensional torus, a resul...
2303.03733v4
2023-07-10
The Characteristic Shape of Damping Wings During Reionization
Spectroscopic analysis of Ly$\alpha$ damping wings of bright sources at $z>6$ is a promising way to measure the reionization history of the universe. However, the theoretical interpretation of the damping wings is challenging due to the inhomogeneous nature of the reionization process and the proximity effect of bright...
2307.04797v1
2023-07-17
Dissipation in solids under oscillatory shear: Role of damping scheme and sample thickness
We study dissipation as a function of sample thickness in solids under global oscillatory shear applied to the top layer of the sample. Two types of damping mechanism are considered: Langevin and Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD). In the regime of low driving frequency, and under strain-controlled conditions, we obse...
2307.08413v1
2023-08-17
A low-rank algorithm for strongly damped wave equations with visco-elastic damping and mass terms
Damped wave equations have been used in many real-world fields. In this paper, we study a low-rank solution of the strongly damped wave equation with the damping term, visco-elastic damping term and mass term. Firstly, a second-order finite difference method is employed for spatial discretization. Then, we receive a se...
2308.08888v2
2023-10-30
Optimal backward uniqueness and polynomial stability of second order equations with unbounded damping
For general second order evolution equations, we prove an optimal condition on the degree of unboundedness of the damping, that rules out finite-time extinction. We show that control estimates give energy decay rates that explicitly depend on the degree of unboundedness, and establish a dilation method to turn existing...
2310.19911v1
2024-03-12
Modulational instability of nonuniformly damped, broad-banded waves: applications to waves in sea-ice
This paper sets out to explore the modulational (or Benjamin-Feir) instability of a monochromatic wave propagating in the presence of damping such as that induced by sea-ice on the ocean surface. The fundamental wave motion is modelled using the spatial Zakharov equation, to which either uniform or non-uniform (frequen...
2403.07425v1
1994-05-12
Black Hole Relics and Inflation: Limits on Blue Perturbation Spectra
Blue primordial power spectra have spectral index $n>1$ and arise naturally in the recently proposed hybrid inflationary scenario. An observational upper limit on {\em n} is derived by normalizing the spectrum at the quadrupole scale and considering the possible overproduction of Planck mass relics formed in the final ...
9405027v1
1995-02-01
Spectra and Statistics of Cosmic String Perturbations on the Microwave Background: A Monte Carlo Approach
Using Monte Carlo simulations of perturbations induced by cosmic strings on the microwave background, we demonstrate the scale invariance of string fluctuation patterns. By comparing string-induced fluctuation patterns with gaussian random phase ones, we show that the non-gaussian signatures of the string patterns are ...
9502004v2
1999-04-16
The Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect as Microwave Foreground and Probe of Cosmology
The Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect from clusters of galaxies should yield a significant signal in cosmic microwave background(CMB) experiments at small angular scales ($\ell \ga 1000$). Experiments with sufficient frequency coverage should be able to remove much of this signal in order to recover the primary anisotropy...
9904220v1
2000-12-05
Near-IR Spectroscopy and Population Synthesis of Super Star Clusters in NGC 1569
We present H- and K-band NIRSPEC spectroscopy of super star clusters (SSCs) in the irregular starburst galaxy NGC 1569, obtained at the Keck Observatory. We fit these photospheric spectra to NextGen model atmospheres to obtain effective spectral types of clusters, and find that the information in both H- and K-band spe...
0012089v1
2001-05-14
Understanding Cluster Gas Evolution and Fine-Scale CMB Anisotropy with Deep Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect Surveys
We investigate the impact of gas evolution on the expected yields from deep Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect surveys as well as on the expected SZ effect contribution to fine scale anisotropy in the Cosmic Microwave Background. The approximate yields from SZ effect surveys are remarkably insensitive to gas evolution, eve...
0105229v1
2001-05-22
Constraints on Omega_m, Omega_L, and Sigma_8, from Galaxy Cluster Redshift Distributions
We show that the counts of galaxy clusters in future deep cluster surveys can place strong constraints on the matter density, Omega_m, the vacuum energy density, Omega_L, and the normalization of the matter power spectrum, sigma_8. Degeneracies between these parameters are different from those in studies of either high...
0105396v2
2002-05-27
Radio Point Sources and the Thermal SZ Power Spectrum
Radio point sources are strongly correlated with clusters of galaxies, so a significant fraction of the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect signal could be affected by point source contamination. Based on empirical estimates of the radio galaxy population, it is shown that the rms temperature fluctuations of the the...
0205467v2
2002-07-29
Measuring Cluster Peculiar Velocities and Temperatures at cm and mm Wavelengths
We present a detailed investigation of issues related to the measurement of peculiar velocities and temperatures using Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effects. We estimate the accuracy to which peculiar velocities and gas temperatures of distant galaxy clusters could be measured. With uK sensitivity on arcminute scales at seve...
0207600v2
2002-07-29
CMB-Normalized Predictions for Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect fluctuations
We predict the level of small-scale anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) due to the Sunyaev--Zel'dovich (SZ) effect for the ensemble of cosmological models that are consistent with current measurements of large-scale CMB anisotropy. We argue that the recently reported detections of the small-scale (arcmi...
0207633v1
2002-08-08
Cosmology with the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect
The Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (SZE) provides a unique way to map the large-scale structure of the universe as traced by massive clusters of galaxies. As a spectral distortion of the cosmic microwave background, the SZE is insensitive to the redshift of the galaxy cluster, making it well-suited for studies of clusters a...
0208192v1
2002-09-25
External Shear in Quadruply Imaged Lens Systems
We use publicly available N-body simulations and semi-analytic models of galaxy formation to estimate the levels of external shear due to structure near the lens in gravitational lens systems. We also describe two selection effects, specific to four-image systems, that enhance the probability of observing systems to ha...
0209532v2
2003-05-21
A Method for Mapping the Temperature Profile of X-ray Clusters Through Radio Observations
Many of the most luminous extragalactic radio sources are located at the centers of X-ray clusters, and so their radiation must be scattered by the surrounding hot gas. We show that radio observations of the highly-polarized scattered radiation (which depends on the electron density distribution) in combination with th...
0305417v1
2006-09-26
Reconstructing the Thomson Optical Depth due to Patchy Reionization with 21-cm Fluctuation Maps
Large fluctuations in the electron column density can occur during the reionization process. We investigate the possibility of deriving the electron density fluctuations through detailed mapping of the redshifted 21-cm emission from the neutral medium during reionization. We find that the electron-scattering optical de...
0609689v2
1998-07-06
Field Driven Thermostated System : A Non-Linear Multi-Baker Map
In this paper, we discuss a simple model for a field driven, thermostated random walk that is constructed by a suitable generalization of a multi-baker map. The map is a usual multi-baker, but perturbed by a thermostated external field that has many of the properties of the fields used in systems with Gaussian thermost...
9807011v2
2006-01-19
Fluctuation theorem for constrained equilibrium systems
We discuss the fluctuation properties of equilibrium chaotic systems with constraints such as iso-kinetic and Nos\'e-Hoover thermostats. Although the dynamics of these systems does not typically preserve phase-space volumes, the average phase-space contraction rate vanishes, so that the stationary states are smooth. Ne...
0601435v1
2003-06-12
ATLAS Data Challenge 1
In 2002 the ATLAS experiment started a series of Data Challenges (DC) of which the goals are the validation of the Computing Model, of the complete software suite, of the data model, and to ensure the correctness of the technical choices to be made. A major feature of the first Data Challenge (DC1) was the preparation ...
0306052v1
2004-06-21
Long Nonbinary Codes Exceeding the Gilbert - Varshamov Bound for any Fixed Distance
Let A(q,n,d) denote the maximum size of a q-ary code of length n and distance d. We study the minimum asymptotic redundancy \rho(q,n,d)=n-log_q A(q,n,d) as n grows while q and d are fixed. For any d and q<=d-1, long algebraic codes are designed that improve on the BCH codes and have the lowest asymptotic redundancy \rh...
0406039v3
2006-08-19
Algorithmic linear dimension reduction in the l_1 norm for sparse vectors
This paper develops a new method for recovering m-sparse signals that is simultaneously uniform and quick. We present a reconstruction algorithm whose run time, O(m log^2(m) log^2(d)), is sublinear in the length d of the signal. The reconstruction error is within a logarithmic factor (in m) of the optimal m-term approx...
0608079v1
2007-03-06
LIBOPT - An environment for testing solvers on heterogeneous collections of problems - Version 1.0
The Libopt environment is both a methodology and a set of tools that can be used for testing, comparing, and profiling solvers on problems belonging to various collections. These collections can be heterogeneous in the sense that their problems can have common features that differ from one collection to the other. Libo...
0703025v1
1995-09-19
Harmonic Maps with Prescribed Singularities on Unbounded Domains
The Einstein/Abelian-Yang-Mills Equations reduce in the stationary and axially symmetric case to a harmonic map with prescribed singularities $\p\colon\R^3\sm\Sigma\to\H^{k+1}_\C$ into the $(k+1)$-dimensional complex hyperbolic space. In this paper, we prove the existence and uniqueness of harmonic maps with prescribed...
9509003v1
1994-12-12
N-Black Hole Stationary and Axially Symmetric Solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell Equations
The Einstein/Maxwell equations reduce in the stationary and axially symmetric case to a harmonic map with prescribed singularities phi: R^3\Sigma -> H^2_C, where Sigma is a subset of the axis of symmetry, and H^2_C is the complex hyperbolic plane. Motivated by this problem, we prove the existence and uniqueness of harm...
9412036v2
1997-11-17
Novel Electroweak Symmetry Breaking Conditions From Quantum Effects In The MSSM
We present, in the context of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, a detailed one-loop analytic study of the minimization conditions of the effective potential in the Higgs sector. Special emphasis is put on the role played by $Str M^4$ in the determination of the electroweak symmetry breaking conditions, where...
9711356v1
1999-01-08
On the fourth adjoint Contractions of divisorial and fiber types
In this paper, we will list up all the cases for the ray contractions of divisorial and fiber types for smooth projective varieties of dimension five. These are obtained as a corollary from the lists of n-dimensional k-th adjoint contractions f: X -> Y of the same types for k=1,2,3 and 4 (n> or =5). The lists for k=1,2...
9901033v2
2004-04-19
Asymptotic Improvement of the Gilbert-Varshamov Bound on the Size of Binary Codes
Given positive integers $n$ and $d$, let $A_2(n,d)$ denote the maximum size of a binary code of length $n$ and minimum distance $d$. The well-known Gilbert-Varshamov bound asserts that $A_2(n,d) \geq 2^n/V(n,d-1)$, where $V(n,d) = \sum_{i=0}^{d} {n \choose i}$ is the volume of a Hamming sphere of radius $d$. We show th...
0404325v1
2005-11-03
On the automorphism group of generalized Baumslag-Solitar groups
A generalized Baumslag-Solitar group (GBS group) is a finitely generated group $G$ which acts on a tree with all edge and vertex stabilizers infinite cyclic. We show that Out(G) either contains non-abelian free groups or is virtually nilpotent of class at most 2. It has torsion only at finitely many primes. One may d...
0511083v1
2001-07-08
Statistically Preserved Structures in Shell Models of Passive Scalar Advection
It was conjectured recently that Statiscally Preserved Structures underlie the statistical physics of turbulent transport processes. We analyze here in detail the time-dependent (non compact) linear operator that governs the dynamics of correlation functions in the case of shell models of passive scalar advection. The ...
0107016v1
2001-11-13
Statistically Preserved Structures and Anomalous Scaling in Turbulent Active Scalar Advection
The anomalous scaling of correlation functions in the turbulent statistics of active scalars (like temperature in turbulent convection) is understood in terms of an auxiliary passive scalar which is advected by the same turbulent velocity field. While the odd-order correlation functions of the active and passive fields...
0111030v1
2003-03-27
On the parametric dependences of a class of non-linear singular maps
We discuss a two-parameter family of maps that generalize piecewise linear, expanding maps of the circle. One parameter measures the effect of a non-linearity which bends the branches of the linear map. The second parameter rotates points by a fixed angle. For small values of the nonlinearity parameter, we compute the ...
0303062v1
2001-06-06
The Secrecy Capacity of Practical Quantum Cryptography
Quantum cryptography has attracted much recent attention due to its potential for providing secret communications that cannot be decrypted by any amount of computational effort. This is the first analysis of the secrecy of a practical implementation of the BB84 protocol that simultaneously takes into account and presen...
0106033v1
2005-11-17
Quantum Computer Condition: Stability, Classical Computation and Norms
The Quantum Computer Condition (QCC) provides a rigorous and completely general framework for carrying out analyses of questions pertaining to fault-tolerance in quantum computers. In this paper we apply the QCC to the problem of fluctuations and systematic errors in the values of characteristic parameters in realistic...
0511177v1
2006-12-19
On the use of photonic N00N states for practical quantum interferometry
The performance of photonic $N00N$ states, propagating in an attenuating medium, is analyzed with respect to phase estimation. It is shown that, for $N00N$ states propagating through a lossy medium, the Heisenberg limit is never achieved. It is also shown that, for a given value of $N$, a signal comprised of an attenua...
0612156v1
2007-05-22
Analysis of evidence of Mars life
Gillevinia straata, the scientific name [1, 2] recognizing the first extraterrestrial living form ever nomenclated, as well as the existence of a new biological kingdom, Jakobia, in a new biosphere -Marciana- of what now has become the living system Solaria, is grounded on old evidence reinterpreted in the light of new...
0705.3176v3
2007-06-26
Feedback in the Antennae Galaxies (NGC 4038/9): I. High-Resolution Infrared Spectroscopy of Winds from Super Star Clusters
We present high-resolution (R ~ 24,600) near-IR spectroscopy of the youngest super star clusters (SSCs) in the prototypical starburst merger, the Antennae Galaxies. These SSCs are young (3-7 Myr old) and massive (10^5 - 10^7 M_sun for a Kroupa IMF) and their spectra are characterized by broad, extended Br-gamma emissio...
0706.3935v1
2007-06-29
Reliable Final Computational Results from Faulty Quantum Computation
In this paper we extend both standard fault tolerance theory and Kitaev's model for quantum computation, combining them so as to yield quantitative results that reveal the interplay between the two. Our analysis establishes a methodology that allows us to quantitatively determine design parameters for a quantum compute...
0707.0008v1
2007-08-24
Quantum Sensor Miniaturization
The classical bound on image resolution defined by the Rayleigh limit can be beaten by exploiting the properties of quantum mechanical entanglement. If entangled photons are used as signal states, the best possible resolution is instead given by the Heisenberg limit, an improvement proportional to the number of entangl...
0708.3403v1
2007-09-02
A Universal Operator Theoretic Framework for Quantum Fault Tolerance
In this paper we introduce a universal operator theoretic framework for quantum fault tolerance. This incorporates a top-down approach that implements a system-level criterion based on specification of the full system dynamics, applied at every level of error correction concatenation. This leads to more accurate determ...
0709.0128v3
2007-10-25
Ordering in red abalone nacre
Red abalone nacre is an intensely studied biomineral, and yet its formation mechanism remains poorly understood. Here we report quantitative measurements probing the degree of order of the aragonite tablets in nacre, and show that order develops over a distance of about 50 microns. These observations indicate that the ...
0710.4573v1
2007-11-01
Interaction effects in mixed-valent Kondo insulators
We study theoretically the class of mixed-valent Kondo insulators, employing a recently developed local moment approach to heavy Fermion systems using the asymmetric periodic Anderson model (PAM). Novel features in spectra and transport, observable experimentally but lying outside the scope of the symmetric PAM or the ...
0711.0121v1
2008-01-31
Counting growth types of automorphisms of free groups
Given an automorphism of a free group $F_n$, we consider the following invariants: $e$ is the number of exponential strata (an upper bound for the number of different exponential growth rates of conjugacy classes); $d$ is the maximal degree of polynomial growth of conjugacy classes; $R$ is the rank of the fixed subgrou...
0801.4844v2
2008-02-29
Heat conduction and Fourier's law in a class of many particle dispersing billiards
We consider the motion of many confined billiard balls in interaction and discuss their transport and chaotic properties. In spite of the absence of mass transport, due to confinement, energy transport can take place through binary collisions between neighbouring particles. We explore the conditions under which relaxat...
0802.4455v3
2008-04-29
Combining geometry and combinatorics: A unified approach to sparse signal recovery
There are two main algorithmic approaches to sparse signal recovery: geometric and combinatorial. The geometric approach starts with a geometric constraint on the measurement matrix and then uses linear programming to decode information about the signal from its measurements. The combinatorial approach constructs the m...
0804.4666v1
2008-08-08
Heat conductivity from molecular chaos hypothesis in locally confined billiard systems
We study the transport properties of a large class of locally confined Hamiltonian systems, in which neighboring particles interact through hard core elastic collisions. When these collisions become rare and the systems large, we derive a Boltzmann-like equation for the evolution of the probability densities. We solve ...
0808.1179v2
2008-09-23
On the derivation of Fourier's law in stochastic energy exchange systems
We present a detailed derivation of Fourier's law in a class of stochastic energy exchange systems that naturally characterize two-dimensional mechanical systems of locally confined particles in interaction. The stochastic systems consist of an array of energy variables which can be partially exchanged among nearest ne...
0809.3967v2
2008-10-19
Coding Theorems for Repeat Multiple Accumulate Codes
In this paper the ensemble of codes formed by a serial concatenation of a repetition code with multiple accumulators connected through random interleavers is considered. Based on finite length weight enumerators for these codes, asymptotic expressions for the minimum distance and an arbitrary number of accumulators lar...
0810.3422v1
2008-12-09
Statistical properties of time-reversible triangular maps of the square
Time reversal symmetric triangular maps of the unit square are introduced with the property that the time evolution of one of their two variables is determined by a piecewise expanding map of the unit interval. We study their statistical properties and establish the conditions under which their equilibrium measures hav...
0812.1648v1
2009-03-20
Fractality of the non-equilibrium stationary states of open volume-preserving systems: I. Tagged particle diffusion
Deterministic diffusive systems such as the periodic Lorentz gas, multi-baker map, as well as spatially periodic systems of interacting particles, have non-equilibrium stationary states with fractal properties when put in contact with particle reservoirs at their boundaries. We study the macroscopic limits of these sys...
0903.3476v1
2009-03-20
Fractality of the non-equilibrium stationary states of open volume-preserving systems: II. Galton boards
Galton boards are models of deterministic diffusion in a uniform external field, akin to driven periodic Lorentz gases, here considered in the absence of dissipation mechanism. Assuming a cylindrical geometry with axis along the direction of the external field, the two-dimensional board becomes a model for one-dimensio...
0903.3849v1
2009-07-23
On Possible Variation in the Cosmological Baryon Fraction
The fraction of matter that is in the form of baryons or dark matter could have spatial fluctuations in the form of baryon-dark matter isocurvature fluctuations. We use big bang nucleosynthesis calculations compared with observed light element abundances as well as galaxy cluster gas fractions to constrain cosmological...
0907.3919v2
2009-08-28
Chaos in cylindrical stadium billiards via a generic nonlinear mechanism
We describe conditions under which higher-dimensional billiard models in bounded, convex regions are fully chaotic, generalizing the Bunimovich stadium to dimensions above two. An example is a three-dimensional stadium bounded by a cylinder and several planes; the combination of these elements may give rise to defocusi...
0908.4243v2
2009-09-23
The Gilbert Arborescence Problem
We investigate the problem of designing a minimum cost flow network interconnecting n sources and a single sink, each with known locations in a normed space and with associated flow demands. The network may contain any finite number of additional unprescribed nodes from the space; these are known as the Steiner points....
0909.4270v2
2010-08-12
Magnetization dynamics in the inertial regime: nutation predicted at short time scales
The dynamical equation of the magnetization has been reconsidered with enlarging the phase space of the ferromagnetic degrees of freedom to the angular momentum. The generalized Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation that includes inertial terms, and the corresponding Fokker-Planck equation, are then derived in the framework...
1008.2177v1
2010-09-20
Diffusive properties of persistent walks on cubic lattices with application to periodic Lorentz gases
We calculate the diffusion coefficients of persistent random walks on cubic and hypercubic lattices, where the direction of a walker at a given step depends on the memory of one or two previous steps. These results are then applied to study a billiard model, namely a three-dimensional periodic Lorentz gas. The geometry...
1009.3922v1
2010-11-03
Existence of vertical spin stiffness in Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation in ferromagnetic semiconductors
We calculate the magnetization torque due to the spin polarization of the itinerant electrons by deriving the kinetic spin Bloch equations based on the $s$-$d$ model. We find that the first-order gradient of the magnetization inhomogeneity gives rise to the current-induced torques, which are consistent to the previous ...
1011.0871v1
2011-01-05
The Fascinating World of Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert Equation: An Overview
The Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) equation is a fascinating nonlinear evolution equation both from mathematical and physical points of view. It is related to the dynamics of several important physical systems such as ferromagnets, vortex filaments, moving space curves, etc. and has intimate connections with many of the...
1101.1005v1
2011-02-05
Graph Theory
This is a replacement paper. There are 6 chapters. The first two chapters are introductory. The third chapter is on extremal graph theory. The fourth chapter is about algebra in graph theory. The fifth chapter is focused on algorithms. The third section of the fifth chapter deals with computable time. The sixth chapter...
1102.1087v11
2011-04-28
The High-Redshift Neutral Hydrogen Signature of an Anisotropic Matter Power Spectrum
An anisotropic power spectrum will have a clear signature in the 21cm radiation from high-redshift hydrogen. We calculate the expected power spectrum of the intensity fluctuations in neutral hydrogen from before the epoch of reionization, and predict the accuracy to which future experiments could constrain a quadrupole...
1104.5403v3
2011-06-30
A generalisation of the Gilbert-Varshamov bound and its asymptotic evaluation
The Gilbert-Varshamov (GV) lower bound on the maximum cardinality of a q-ary code of length n with minimum Hamming distance at least d can be obtained by application of Turan's theorem to the graph with vertex set {0,1,..,q-1}^n in which two vertices are joined if and only if their Hamming distance is at least d. We ge...
1106.6206v1
2011-07-17
Probabilistic Methods on Erdos Problems
The paper reviews and tries to describe the reference set method, which is a method of combinatorial optimization that gives upper bounds on parameters.
1107.3279v17
2011-09-12
Externally-driven transmission and collisions of domain walls in ferromagnetic wires
Analytical multi-domain solutions to the dynamical (Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert) equation of a one-dimensional ferromagnet including an external magnetic field and spin-polarized electric current are found using the Hirota bilinearization method. A standard approach to solve the Landau-Lifshitz equation (without the Gilber...
1109.2465v1
2011-10-19
Current-induced switching in transport through anisotropic magnetic molecules
Anisotropic single-molecule magnets may be thought of as molecular switches, with possible applications to molecular spintronics. In this paper, we consider current-induced switching in single-molecule junctions containing an anisotropic magnetic molecule. We assume that the carriers interact with the magnetic molecule...
1110.4270v2
2011-10-27
George Augustus Linhart - as a "widely unknown" thermodynamicist
The name of George Augustus Linhart is in fact "widely unknown". In effect, he was a Viennese-born USA-American physicist-chemist, partially associated with the Gilbert Newton Lewis' school of thermodynamics at the University of California in Berkeley. As a lone small boy, he had arrived (from Austria via Hamburg) at N...
1110.6352v1
2012-03-29
Power Allocation over Two Identical Gilbert-Elliott Channels
We study the problem of power allocation over two identical Gilbert-Elliot communication channels. Our goal is to maximize the expected discounted number of bits transmitted over an infinite time horizon. This is achieved by choosing among three possible strategies: (1) betting on channel 1 by allocating all the power ...
1203.6630v2
2012-04-11
A short note on spin pumping theory with Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation under quantum fluctuation; necessity for quantization of localized spin
We would like to point out the blind spots of the approach combining the spin pumping theory proposed by Tserkovnyak et al. with the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation; this method has been widely used for interpreting vast experimental results. The essence of the spin pumping effect is the quantum fluctuation. Thus, loc...
1204.2339v1
2012-05-22
Signature of Phase Transitions in the Disordered Quantum Spin Hall State From the Entanglement Spectrum
Of the available classes of insulators which have been shown to contain topologically non-trivial properties one of the most important is class AII, which contains systems that possess time-reversal symmetry $T$ with $T^2=-1.$ This class has been the subject of significant attention as it encompasses non-trivial Z$_2$ ...
1205.5071v1
2012-07-03
The unusual smoothness of the extragalactic unresolved radio background
If the radio background is coming from cosmological sources, there should be some amount of clustering due to the large scale structure in the universe. Simple models for the expected clustering combined with the recent measurement by ARCADE-2 of the mean extragalactic temperature lead to predicted clustering levels th...
1207.0856v1
2012-10-12
Optimal Power Allocation Policy over Two Identical Gilbert-Elliott Channels
We study the fundamental problem of optimal power allocation over two identical Gilbert-Elliott (Binary Markov) communication channels. Our goal is to maximize the expected discounted number of bits transmitted over an infinite time span by judiciously choosing one of the four actions for each time slot: 1) allocating ...
1210.3609v1
2013-03-16
A convergent linear finite element scheme for the Maxwell-Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation
We consider a lowest-order finite element discretization of the nonlinear system of Maxwell's and Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equations (MLLG). Two algorithms are proposed to numerically solve this problem, both of which only require the solution of at most two linear systems per timestep. One of the algorithms is fully de...
1303.4009v1
2013-03-17
On the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation with magnetostriction
To describe and simulate dynamic micromagnetic phenomena, we consider a coupled system of the nonlinear Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation and the conservation of momentum equation. This coupling allows to include magnetostrictive effects into the simulations. Existence of weak solutions has recently been shown in [Carbo...
1303.4060v2
2013-03-27
Optimal Power Allocation over Multiple Identical Gilbert-Elliott Channels
We study the fundamental problem of power allocation over multiple Gilbert-Elliott communication channels. In a communication system with time varying channel qualities, it is important to allocate the limited transmission power to channels that will be in good state. However, it is very challenging to do so because ch...
1303.6771v1
2013-04-29
Generalized Baumslag-Solitar groups: rank and finite index subgroups
A generalized Baumslag-Solitar (GBS) group is a finitely generated group acting on a tree with infinite cyclic edge and vertex stabilizers. We show how to determine effectively the rank (minimal cardinality of a generating set) of a GBS group; as a consequence, one can compute the rank of the mapping torus of a finite ...
1304.7582v2
2013-06-02
On the Riemannian Penrose inequality with charge and the cosmic censorship conjecture
We note an area-charge inequality orignially due to Gibbons: if the outermost horizon $S$ in an asymptotically flat electrovacuum initial data set is connected then $|q|\leq r$, where $q$ is the total charge and $r=\sqrt{A/4\pi}$ is the area radius of $S$. A consequence of this inequality is that for connected black ho...
1306.0206v3
2013-08-19
A finite element approximation for the stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation
The stochastic Landau--Lifshitz--Gilbert (LLG) equation describes the behaviour of the magnetization under the influence of the effective field consisting of random fluctuations. We first reformulate the equation into an equation the unknown of which is differentiable with respect to the time variable. We then propose ...
1308.3912v2
2014-01-14
Constructions of Pure Asymmetric Quantum Alternant Codes Based on Subclasses of Alternant Codes
In this paper, we construct asymmetric quantum error-correcting codes(AQCs) based on subclasses of Alternant codes. Firstly, We propose a new subclass of Alternant codes which can attain the classical Gilbert-Varshamov bound to construct AQCs. It is shown that when $d_x=2$, $Z$-parts of the AQCs can attain the classica...
1401.3215v2
2014-03-19
Numerical integration of the stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation in generic time-discretisation schemes
We introduce a numerical method to integrate the stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation in spherical coordinates for generic discretization schemes. This method conserves the magnetization modulus and ensures the approach to equilibrium under the expected conditions. We test the algorithm on a benchmark problem: t...
1403.4822v2
2014-05-05
Measuring logarithmic corrections to normal diffusion in infinite-horizon billiards
We perform numerical measurements of the moments of the position of a tracer particle in a two-dimensional periodic billiard model (Lorentz gas) with infinite corridors. This model is known to exhibit a weak form of super-diffusion, in the sense that there is a logarithmic correction to the linear growth in time of the...
1405.0975v2
2014-05-12
Efficient Energy-minimization in Finite-Difference Micromagnetics: Speeding up Hysteresis Computations
We implement an efficient energy-minimization algorithm for finite-difference micromagnetics that proofs especially useful for the computation of hysteresis loops. Compared to results obtained by time integration of the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation, a speedup of up to two orders of magnitude is gained. The method i...
1405.2728v3
2014-07-01
Transport properties of Lévy walks: an analysis in terms of multistate processes
Continuous time random walks combining diffusive and ballistic regimes are introduced to describe a class of L\'evy walks on lattices. By including exponentially-distributed waiting times separating the successive jump events of a walker, we are led to a description of such L\'evy walks in terms of multistate processes...
1407.0227v2
2014-07-26
Magnetization reversal condition for a nanomagnet within a rotating magnetic field
The reversal condition of magnetization in a nanomagnet under the effect of rotating magnetic field generated by a microwave is theoretically studied based on the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation. In a rotating frame, the microwave produces a dc magnetic field pointing in the reversed direction, which energetically sta...
1407.7095v1
2014-09-17
Aharonov-Bohm Oscillations in a Quasi-Ballistic 3D Topological Insulator Nanowire
In three-dimensional topological insulators (3D TI) nanowires, transport occurs via gapless surface states where the spin is fixed perpendicular to the momentum[1-6]. Carriers encircling the surface thus acquire a \pi Berry phase, which is predicted to open up a gap in the lowest-energy 1D surface subband. Inserting a ...
1409.5095v1
2014-10-13
[$α$/Fe] Abundances of Four Outer M 31 Halo Stars
We present alpha element to iron abundance ratios, [$\alpha$/Fe], for four stars in the outer stellar halo of the Andromeda Galaxy (M 31). The stars were identified as high-likelihood field halo stars by Gilbert et al. (2012) and lie at projected distances between 70 and 140 kpc from M 31's center. These are the first ...
1410.3475v1