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Tarea may refer to:
Homework (1991 film) (), a Mexican drama film
People with the name
Tarea Hall Pittman (1903–1991), American civil rights leader
Tarea Sturrup (born 1995), Miss Universe Bahamas 2019
See also
1 Chronicles 8:34–35, where Tarea is listed among the grandsons of Meribbaal |
"The Country of the Blind" is a short story by English writer H. G. Wells. It was first published in the April 1904 issue of The Strand Magazine and included in a 1911 collection of Wells's short stories, The Country of the Blind and Other Stories. It is one of Wells's best known short stories, and features prominently in literature dealing with blindness.
Wells later revised the story, with the expanded version first published by an English private printer, Golden Cockerel Press, in 1939.
Plot summary
While attempting to climb the unconquered crest of Parascotopetl (a fictitious mountain in Ecuador), a mountaineer named Nuñez slips and falls down the far side of the mountain. At the end of his descent, down a snow-slope in the mountain's shadow, he finds a valley, cut off from the rest of the world on all sides by steep precipices. Unknown to Nuñez, he has discovered the fabled "Country of the Blind". The valley had been a haven for settlers fleeing the tyranny of Spanish rulers, until an earthquake reshaped the surrounding mountains, cutting the valley off forever from future explorers. The isolated community prospered over the years, despite a disease that struck them early on, rendering all newborns blind. As the blindness slowly spread over many generations, the people's remaining senses sharpened, and by the time the last sighted villager had died, the community had fully adapted to life without sight.
Nuñez descends into the valley and finds an unusual village with windowless houses and a network of paths, all bordered by kerbs. Upon discovering that everyone is blind, Nuñez begins reciting to himself the proverb, "In the Country of the Blind, the One-Eyed Man is King". He realizes that he can teach and rule them, but the villagers have no concept of sight, and do not understand his attempts to explain this fifth sense to them. Frustrated, Nuñez becomes angry, but the villagers calm him, and he reluctantly submits to their way of life, because returning to the outside world seems impossible.
Nuñez is assigned to work for a villager named Yacob. He becomes attracted to Yacob's youngest daughter, Medina-Saroté. Nuñez and Medina-Saroté soon fall in love, and having won her confidence, Nuñez slowly starts trying to explain sight to her. Medina-Saroté, however, simply dismisses it as his imagination. When Nuñez asks for her hand in marriage, he is turned down by the village elders on account of his "unstable" obsession with "sight". The village doctor suggests that Nuñez's eyes be removed, claiming that they are diseased and are "greatly distended" and because of this "his brain is in a state of constant irritation and distraction." Nuñez reluctantly consents to the operation because of his love for Medina-Saroté. However, at sunrise on the day of the operation, while all the villagers are asleep, Nuñez, the failed King of the Blind, sets off for the mountains (without provisions or equipment), hoping to find a passage to the outside world, and escape the valley.
In the original story, Nuñez climbs high into the surrounding mountains until night falls, and he rests, weak with cuts and bruises, but happy that he has escaped the valley. His fate is not revealed. In the revised and expanded 1939 version of the story, Nuñez sees from a distance that there is about to be a rock slide. He attempts to warn the villagers, but again they scoff at his "imagined" sight. He flees the valley during the slide, taking Medina-Saroté with him.
Characters
Nuñez – a mountaineer from Bogotá, Colombia
Yacob – Nuñez's master
Medina-Saroté – the youngest daughter of Yacob
Adaptations
Several radio adaptations of the story have been produced. Escape debuted its adaptation starring William Conrad on Thanksgiving week, 1947, which featured a different ending in which Nuñez escapes the Valley alone (and thus is able to tell the story in-character), but goes blind in the process due to the constant glare from the snow. Another episode of Escape aired 20 June 1948, starring Paul Frees. In 1954, 1957 and 1959 the CBS radio series Suspense rebroadcast this version. CBS Radio Mystery Theater aired another radio adaptation 7 May 1979. The episode was titled "Search for Eden" (episode 977) and the main characters' names were changedNunez was renamed Carlos and Medina-Saroté was renamed Eva. The BBC folded the story in two others by Wells for a BBC Radio 4 Extra entitled "The Door in the Wall", also with a twist at the end in which the storyteller reveals himself to be the tale's protagonist.
A teleplay written by Frank Gabrielsen was produced in 1962 for the TV series The DuPont Show of the Week. The title of the hour-long episode was "The Richest Man in Bogota", and it aired on 17 June 1962. It starred Lee Marvin as Juan de Nuñez, and Míriam Colón as "Marina" (not Medina-Saroté, as in the original story). In this story it is revealed that something in the water of the valley has caused the blindness of the residents. At the end of the episode Juan de Nuñez is shown to now be blind as well.
The Russian studio Soyuzmultfilm made a wordless 19-minute animated film adaptation in 1995 called Land of Blind (Страна Слепых).
The theme of the protagonist getting lost in the world of the blind was used in the 1997 Malayalam movie Guru starring Mohanlal.
The composer Mark-Anthony Turnage wrote a chamber opera based on the story, completed in 1997.
A stage production was written by Frank Higgins and Mark Evans; the only production to date has been in The Coterie Theater in Kansas City, Missouri in 2006.
A Chinese version of a graded reader was adapted under the name 盲人国 (Mángrén Guó) as part of the Mandarin Companion series. The location was adapted from Ecuador to China's province of Guizhou. A twist at the ending indicates the blindness condition affecting the people is contagious.
An audio version of "The Country of Blind" was published in the Indian language of Malayalam.
See also
Tall poppy syndrome
Notes
References
External links
The Country of the Blind Original H. G. Wells short story in the April 1904 issue of The Strand Magazine
The Country of the Blind Short story by H. G. Wells
The Country of the Blind and Other Stories – Public-domain text from Project Gutenberg
Streaming Audio
The Country of the Blind on Escape: 26 November 1947
The Country of the Blind on Escape: 20 June 1948
The Country of the Blind on Favorite Story: 23 April 1949
The Country of the Blind on Suspense: 27 October 1957
Short stories by H. G. Wells
1904 short stories
Short stories adapted into films
Literature about blindness
Works originally published in The Strand Magazine
Works adapted into operas
South America in fiction |
Maggie Lloyd Williams (born 1975) is a Zimbabwean actress and author. She is best known for the roles in television serials, such as Silent Witness, Secret Diary of a Call Girl, Red Cap, and The Low Down.
Personal life
She was born in 1975 in Masvingo, Zimbabwe.
Filmography
See also
Sparkleshark
References
External links
Living people
21st-century Zimbabwean actresses
1975 births
Zimbabwean television actresses |
Shaun Narain (born October 1, 1992) is a Canadian professional darts player who has competed in British Darts Organisation (BDO) events.
Career
In 2013, Narain won the Canadian Open by beating Bernie Miller in the final. In 2014 he reached the final of a PDC event for the first time at a Youth Tour event where he lost 4–2 against Dimitri van den Bergh. Narain also qualified for his first PDC major, the 2014 UK Open but he was beaten 5–4 by Mark Cox in the first round. Narain was now Canada's number two ranked player after John Part and together they teamed up to play in the World Cup of Darts, losing 5–4 to the Japanese pair of Morihiro Hashimoto and Haruki Muramatsu in the first round with Part missing three match darts and Narain missing four. A week later he faced Muramatsu again, this time in the final of the soft tip Dartslive event in France, with the Japanese player again prevailing. Narain also reached the final of the soft tip event in China, losing to Boris Krčmar. In the remainder of his PDC tournaments, Narain qualified for the European Darts Grand Prix and European Darts Trophy and was beaten in the second round of both.
After an unsuccessful Q School campaign, Narain only played in a handful of events in 2015.
References
External links
1992 births
Canadian darts players
Canadian emigrants to the United States
Living people
Professional Darts Corporation associate players
Sportspeople from Calgary
PDC World Cup of Darts Canadian team |
Each "article" in this category is a collection of entries about several stamp issuers, presented in alphabetical order. The entries are formulated on the micro model and so provide summary information about all known issuers.
See the :Category:Compendium of postage stamp issuers page for details of the project.
Spain
Dates 1850 –
Capital Madrid
Currency (1850) 8 = 1 real
(1866) 80 = 100 centimos = 1 escudo
(1867) 1000 milesimas = 100 centimos = 80 = 1 escudo
(1872) 100 centimos = 1 peseta
(2002) 100 cent = 1 euro
Main Article Postage stamps and postal history of Spain
See also Canary Islands
Spanish Guinea
Dates 1902–1960
Capital Santa Isabel
Currency 100 centimos = 1 peseta
Main Article Postage stamps and postal history of Equatorial Guinea
Includes Elobey, Annobon & Corisco;
Fernando Poo;
Rio Muni
Spanish Marianas
Dates 1898–1899
Capital
Currency 100 centimos = 1 peseta
Refer Spanish Philippines
See also Mariana Islands
Spanish Morocco
Dates 1914–1956
Capital Tetuan
Currency 100 centimos = 1 peseta
Main Article Needed
Spanish Philippines
Dates 1854–1898
Capital Manila
Currency (1854) 20 = 1 real; 8 reales = 1 peso
(1864) 100 centimos = 1 peso
(1871) 100 centimos = 1 escudo
(1872) 100 centimos = 1 peseta
(1876) 1000 milesimas = 100 centavos = 1 peso
Main Article Needed
Includes Spanish Marianas
Spanish Post Offices Abroad
Main Article Needed
Includes Morocco (Spanish Post Offices);
Tangier (Spanish Post Office);
Tetuan (Spanish Post Office)
Spanish Sahara
Dates 1924–1975
Capital El Aaiun
Currency 100 centimos = 1 peseta
Refer Spanish West Africa
Spanish West Africa
The general issue was for use in Ifni and Spanish Sahara.
Dates 1949–1951
Currency 100 centimos = 1 peseta
Main Article Needed
Includes Cape Juby;
Ifni;
La Aguëra;
Rio de Oro;
Spanish Sahara
Srba Hrvata Slovena
Refer Yugoslavia
Sremsko Baranjska Oblast (Croatia)
After Croatia recovered Krajina and Eastern Slavonia from the autonomous republic of Srpska Krajina
in 1995, Eastern Slavonia was placed under UN administration and called Sremsko Baranjska Oblast
(Srem and Baranya Region). Stamps were issued soon afterwards.
Postal administration was transferred back to Croatia on 19 May 1997 and separate issues ceased at that time.
Eastern Slavonia as a whole was incorporated back into the Republic of Croatia on 15 January 1998.
Dates 1995–1997
Capital
Currency 100 paras = 1 dinar
Refer Croatia
See also Srpska Krajina (Croatia)
Sri Lanka
Dates 1972 –
Capital Colombo
Currency 100 cents = 1 rupee
Main Article Postage stamps and postal history of Sri Lanka
See also Ceylon
Srpska
Refer Bosnian Serb Republic
Srpska Krajina (Croatia)
After Croatia declared itself independent of Yugoslavia in 1991, Croatian Serbs in Krajina, Western Slavonia and Eastern Slavonia proclaimed their allegiance to Yugoslavia and formed the Republic of Srpska Krajina under UN protection. Elections for a president and parliament were held in January 1994.
In 1995, the Republic of Croatia began to recover the Serb territories. Krajina and Western Slavonia were incorporated back into Croatia that year while Eastern Slavonia was placed under UN administration and called Sremsko Baranjska Oblast (Srem and Baranya Region).
Stamps were issued soon after Srpska Krajina was proclaimed and continued until the Croatian recovery of Krajina. Later issues were made by Sremsko Baranjska Oblast (q.v.).
Dates 1993–1995
Capital
Currency 100 paras = 1 dinar
Refer Croatia
See also Sremsko Baranjska Oblast (Croatia)
Stadt Post Basel
Refer Basle
Stampalia
Refer Astypalaea
Stellaland Republic
A temporary Boer republic was established in Stellaland, which was the area surrounding Vryburg, on 26 July 1882. In 1885 it was annexed by Britain and incorporated into British Bechuanaland.
There was one local issue of six stamps on 1 February 1884.
Dates 1884–1885
Capital Vryburg
Currency 12 pence = 1 shilling; 20 shillings = 1 pound
Refer Cape of Good Hope
See also Vryburg
Stockholm
Dates 1856–1862
Currency (1855) 48 skilling = 1 riksdaler
(1858) 100 ore = 1 riksdaler
Refer Sweden
Straits Settlements
Dates 1867–1942
Capital Singapore
Currency 100 cents = 1 dollar
Includes Labuan
Strasbourg
Refer Council of Europe (Strasbourg)
Sudan
Earliest issues were Egyptian stamps overprinted SOUDAN.
Dates 1897 –
Capital Khartoum
Currency 1000 milliemes = 100 piastres = 1 pound
Main Article Postage stamps and postal history of Sudan
Sudetenland
Refer Asch (Sudetenland)
Suez Canal Company
During the construction period 1859–69, the company ran a mail service that was taken over by the Egyptian
government in 1868. Some special stamps (unofficial only) were issued in 1868.
Refer Egypt
Suidafrika
Refer South Africa
Sumatra (Japanese Occupation)
Dates 1943–1945
Currency 100 cents = 1 gulden
Refer Japanese Occupation Issues
Sungei Ujong
Dates 1878–1895
Capital Seremban
Currency 100 cents = 1 dollar
Main Article Needed
See also Malaysia
Suomi
Refer Finland
Surinam/Suriname
Dates 1873 –
Capital Paramaribo
Currency 100 cents = 1 gulden
Main Article Postage stamps and postal history of Suriname
Sverige
Refer Sweden
Swaziland
Dates 1933 –
Capital Mbabane
Currency (1889) 12 pence = 1 shilling; 20 shillings = 1 pound
(1961) 100 cents = 1 rand
(1974) 100 cents = 1 lilangeni (note: plural is emalangeni)
Main Article Postage stamps and postal history of Swaziland
Includes Swaziland (Provisional Government)
Swaziland (Provisional Government)
Dates 1889–1894
Capital Mbabane
Currency 12 pence = 1 shilling; 20 shillings = 1 pound
Refer Swaziland
Sweden
Dates 1855 –
Capital Stockholm
Currency (1855) 48 skilling = 1 riksdaler
(1858) 100 ore = 1 riksdaler
(1875) 100 ore = 1 krona
Includes Stockholm
Swiss Cantonal Administration
Refer Basle;
Geneva;
Switzerland;
Zurich
Swiss Cantonal Issues
Main Article Needed
Includes Basle;
Geneva;
Zurich
Swiss PTT
Refer United Nations (UN)
Swiss Transitional Issues
Refer Geneva;
Switzerland;
Zurich
Switzerland
Dates 1850 –
Capital Bern
Currency (1850) 100 rappen = 1 franken
(1862) 100 centimes = 1 franc
See also Swiss Cantonal Issues
Syme
Italian colony in the Dodecanese which used the general EGEO issues and had its own stamps inscribed
SIMI, the Italian (and Greek) name of the island.
Dates 1912–1932
Capital Simi
Currency 100 centesimi = 1 lira
Refer Aegean Islands (Dodecanese)
Syria
Dates 1924 –
Capital Damascus
Currency 100 centimes = 1 piastre
Main Article Postage stamps and postal history of Syria
See also United Arab Republic (UAR)
Syria (French Occupation)
Issues in both Egyptian and Syrian currency overprinted TEO or OMF.
Dates 1919–1924
Currency (1919) 40 paras = 10 milliemes = 1 piastre
(1920) 100 centimes = 1 piastre
Refer French Occupation Issues
Szechwan
Dates 1933 only
Currency 100 cents = 1 dollar
Refer Chinese Provinces
Szeged
Dates 1919 only
Capital Szeged
Currency 100 filler = 1 korona
Main Article Needed
See also Hungary
Yugoslavia
Overprints on Yugoslav stamps issued in Trieste.
Refer Trieste (Yugoslav Military Government)
References
Bibliography
Stanley Gibbons Ltd, Europe and Colonies 1970, Stanley Gibbons Ltd, 1969
Stanley Gibbons Ltd, various catalogues
Stuart Rossiter & John Flower, The Stamp Atlas, W H Smith, 1989
XLCR Stamp Finder and Collector's Dictionary, Thomas Cliffe Ltd, c.1960
External links
AskPhil – Glossary of Stamp Collecting Terms
Encyclopaedia of Postal History
Sp |
Caradog Prichard (3 November 1904 – 25 February 1980) was a Welsh poet and novelist writing in Welsh. His daughter, Mari Prichard, was married to the late Humphrey Carpenter.
Caradog Prichard was born and grew up in the Gwynedd slate-quarrying town of Bethesda, in north-west Wales. His father died when he was a baby, and his mother suffered from mental illness. Prichard began his career as a journalist with Welsh language newspapers in Caernarfon, Llanrwst and Cardiff, before moving to London, where he spent much of his life.
Un Nos Ola Leuad
His best-known work is Un Nos Ola Leuad (1961), set in a mythologically subversive version of his native area. The novel was made into a film in 1991 by the Gaucho Company.
Translations of the novel
Full Moon 1973 (English) partial translation by Menna Gallie (translated from Prichard's Welsh)
Une nuit de pleine lune 1990 (French) (translated from Prichard's Welsh)
One Moonlit Night 1995 (English) full translation by Philip Mitchell. (translated from Prichard's Welsh)
Za úplnku (Czech) (translated from Philip Mitchell's English translation)
Una noche de luna (Spanish) (translated from Philip Mitchell's English translation)
In einer mondhellen Nacht (German) (translated from Philip Mitchell's English translation)
Mia núhta me fengári (Greek) (translated from Philip Mitchell's English translation)
In de maneschijn (Dutch) (translated from Philip Mitchell's English translation)
(Danish) (translated from Philip Mitchell's English translation)
Jedna księżycowa noc 2017 (Polish) translation from Welsh by Marta Listewnik
Radio broadcasts
Following the success of his English translation, Philip Mitchell was commissioned by the BBC to adapt the book for broadcast in English as a radio play and this was transmitted as 'One Moonlit Night' in Radio 4's 'Afternoon Play' series on 28 March 1996.
In June 2023 a dramatisation by Rhiannon Boyle was broadcast on BBC Radio 4, and a Welsh version broadcast on BBC Radio Cymru later in the month.
Poetry and other works
In addition to Un Nos Ola Leuad, he also wrote a number of short stories, Y Genod yn Ein Bywyd (1964), and a striking semi-fictional autobiography, Afal Drwg Adda (1973). He had made his mark as a poet at an early age and was crowned Bard of the National Eisteddfod three years running between 1927 and 1929. He also won the chair at the Llanelli National Eisteddfod in 1962 for his poem Llef un yn Llefain. At their best his poems are as powerful and disturbing as Un Nos Ola Leuad. His published collections of verse are:
Canu Cynnar (1937)
Tantalus (1957)
Llef Un yn Llefain (1963)
A full collected edition of his poems was published in 1979.
References
1904 births
1980 deaths
Welsh-speaking writers
Crowned bards
Welsh-language writers
20th-century Welsh novelists
20th-century Welsh poets
People from Bethesda, Gwynedd |
The 2022 CAF Women's Champions League WAFU Zone A Qualifiers is the 2nd edition of CAF Women's Champions League WAFU Zone A Qualifiers tournament organised by the WAFU for the women's clubs of association nations. This edition will be held from 17 to 21 August 2022 in Paynesville, Liberia. The winners of the tournament qualified for the 2022 CAF Women's Champions League final tournament .
Participating teams
The following four teams contested in the qualifying tournament.
Venues
Match officials
Qualifying tournament
Tiebreakers
Teams are ranked according to points (3 points for a win, 1 point for a draw, 0 points for a loss), and if tied on points, the following tiebreaking criteria are applied, in the order given, to determine the rankings.
Points in head-to-head matches among tied teams;
Goal difference in head-to-head matches among tied teams;
Goals scored in head-to-head matches among tied teams;
If more than two teams are tied, and after applying all head-to-head criteria above, a subset of teams are still tied, all head-to-head criteria above are reapplied exclusively to this subset of teams;
Goal difference in all group matches;
Goals scored in all group matches;
Penalty shoot-out if only two teams are tied and they met in the last round of the group;
Disciplinary points (yellow card = 1 point, red card as a result of two yellow cards = 3 points, direct red card = 3 points, yellow card followed by direct red card = 4 points);
Drawing of lots.
All times are Liberia Standard Time UTC -7 .
Awards and statistics
Goalscorers
References
External links
2021 CAF Women's Champions League WAFU Zone A Qualifiers – cafonline.org
2022 CAF Women's Champions League
Women's Champions League
CAF
Women's sport in Liberia |
The 2022–23 Michigan Tech Huskies men's ice hockey season was the 102nd season of play for the program and 5th in the CCHA. The Huskies represented Michigan Technological University in the 2022–23 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey season, were coached by Joe Shawhan in his 6th season and played their home games at MacInnes Student Ice Arena.
Season
While the Huskies were coming off their best season in 6 years, the team lost a great deal of experience to graduation, including 5 of their top 6 scorers from 2022. As a result, expectations were low for Michigan Tech and the team was hovering around the bottoms of both preseason polls. The lack of offense was not too keenly felt as the Huskies were led by senior netminder, Blake Pietila and he turned in several stellar performances early. In October alone, Pietila earned three shutouts in non-conference play to stake Tech to a solid national ranking. By November some of the new players were being integrated into the lineup and Tech's offense began to improve. The biggest addition was the team's top prospect, Kyle Kukkonen, who led the Huskies' in goals for the year and was named the CCHA Rookie of the Year.
One of the biggest moment for the program in the fist half was winning the weekend of last year's national runner-up, Minnesota State. The solid performance over the Mavericks was followed up by pair of sloppy weekends but as Tech entered the winter break they were back in the national polls.
Michigan Tech began the second half of the season with one of their worst performances on the year, losing 1–8 to Western Michigan. After the embarrassing defeat, the team recovered swiftly and won their next three games, two coming against ranked clubs, and finished by winning the Desert Hockey Classic. Pietila continued his outstanding play and carried the team to a 7–3–1 record in the second half against conference teams. Entering the final weekend of the year, the Huskies and Mavericks had a showdown in Mankato for the regular season championship with Tech needing both games to win the title. Pietila, who had set a new program record for shutout in 2022 with 7, opened the final series with his 9th shoutout on the year to at least temporarily lift Tech up to #1 in the conference. Unfortunately, the Huskies got into penalty trouble in the rematch and allowed 3 power play goals, losing 2–3 and letting the conference championship slip through their fingers.
Despite finishing 2nd, Michigan Tech was ranked ahead of Minnesota State nationally and were all but guaranteed a spot in the NCAA tournament so long as they got out of the first round. Tech was set opposite St. Thomas who, though they had made strides, were still a long-shot to beat MTU. Despite the difference in record, the Tommies played hard and gave the Huskies all they could handle. Pietila withstood an 18-shot barrage in the third period to allow Michigan Tech to escape with a 1–0 victory. The rematch was a completely different game as it was the offense that was key. Tristan Ashbrook and Kyle Kukkonen each scored twice to give the team two 3-goal leads. St. Thomas would not go away, however, and Tech was fighting for its life in the third when the Tommies came within a goal of tying the score. Pietila held in the end for another 1-goal win and a near-certain appearance in the NCAA tournament. The team's comfortable position turned out to be very important as Tech lost the conference semifinal to long-time rival Northern Michigan 0–4.
Michigan Tech returned to the NCAA tournament and were given a favorable draw in Penn State. The Nittany Lions had stumbled in the second half of the season, posting a record of 4–10–1 since January 1. As the game began, however, it was apparent that Penn State had come to play. PSU opened the scoring just over 2 minutes into the game and, though they didn't score again in the first, dominated the pace of play. Penn State broke the game open in the third and added three more goal to their total. Tech fought back with 13 shots in the middle frame but could not get anything past Liam Soulière. The game became comical in the third and the Nittany Lions scored 4 more times while Tech looked like they just wanted the game to end. When the dust settled, Tech had lost 0–8, the worst shutout defeat in NCAA tournament history. The horrible end marred what had previously been a very successful year for the Huskies.
Departures
Recruiting
Roster
As of August 26, 2022.
Standings
Schedule and results
|-
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!colspan=12 style=";" | Regular Season
|-
!colspan=12 style=";" |
|-
!colspan=12 style=";" |
|-
!colspan=12 style=";" | Regular Season
|-
!colspan=12 style=";" |
|-
!colspan=12 style=";" |
Scoring statistics
Goaltending statistics
Rankings
Note: USCHO did not release a poll in weeks 1, 13, or 26.
Awards and honors
References
Michigan Tech Huskies men's ice hockey seasons
Michigan Tech
Michigan Tech
Michigan Tech
Michigan Tech |
Re Bond Worth Ltd [1980] Ch 228 is a UK insolvency law case, concerning retention of title clauses.
Facts
Bond Worth Ltd was a carpet manufacturing company. It bought man-made fibres from Monsanto Ltd and used them to make carpets. The conditions of sale included a "retention of title" clause. Bond Worth Ltd went into receivership when a large sum of money was owing to Monsanto Ltd under various contracts containing the "title" clause. Monsanto Ltd notified the receivers of their claim. The receivers contested whether the retention of title clause was valid.
The joint receivers issued summons for determination claiming that (1) although the clause referred to "equitable and beneficial ownership" it did not have the effect of creating a bare trust for the benefit of the sellers, but rather it created a floating equitable charge in favour of the sellers; and (2) such a floating charge created by the buyer company would therefore be registerable, and so was void if not registered (as was in fact the case).
Trial
The trial lasted a total of 15 days. Notable counsel who appeared included Jeremiah Harman QC and Elizabeth Gloster.
Judgment
Slade J held the clause, which referred to "equitable and beneficial ownership", did not create a bare trust for Monsanto's benefit, but did create a floating equitable charge. This followed from Coburn v Collins (1887) 35 ChD 373 and Illingworth v Houldsworth [1903] 2 Ch 284 was applied. Aluminium Industrie Vaassen BV v Romalpa Aluminium [1976] 1 WLR 676 was distinguished. Because the floating charge was created by the buyer company and therefore registrable, it was void for non-registration.
Notes
References
United Kingdom insolvency case law |
Ibogo may refer to:
Ibogo, Boulgou, Burkina Faso
Ibogo, Ganzourgou, Burkina Faso |
"La Zoubida" () is a 1991 novelty song recorded by the French TV presenter and humorist Vincent Lagaf'. In May 1991, it was the second single from his album Le Lavabo. It became the summer hit of 1991, staying at the top of the French Singles Chart for three months. The song formed the basis for a side-scrolling platform game, Lagaf': Les Aventures de Moktar — Vol 1: La Zoubida, developed by Titus Interactive; the game would later be altered and released as Titus the Fox internationally.
Lyrics and music
In a humorous style, "La Zoubida" tells the story of a young North African girl called Zoubida, who lives in Barbès, whose parents have forbidden her to go dancing. The girl is saved by her friend Moktar, but, as he is a robber of "golden" scooters, the two end the night at the police station. These dubious clichés have earned the song some criticism. As for the music, the melody is repetitive and every sentence is echoed in the vocals. The music is taken from the traditional French song "Sur le pont du Nord", the lyrics and the overall structure being a parody of this folk song.
The song was parodied by Les Inconnus. In the video, Didier Bourdon performs the song in the bed of Lullaby clip, on the music of "Close to Me" by the Cure.
Chart performance
The single debuted at number 24 on 1 June 1991 on the French Top 50 Singles Chart. It climbed quickly and eventually reached number one on 20 July. It remained for eleven non consecutive weeks at the top of the chart, blocking Paul Young and Zucchero's hit "Senza una donna" at number two for six weeks. It remained in the top ten for a total of 24 weeks and fell off the top 50 on 25 January 1992, after 34 weeks, which was the longest chart trajectory for a single in 1991. The single was certified Platinum disc by the Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique for over 500,000 units sold.
Track listings
CD single
"La Zoubida" — 3:55
"La Zoubida" (Aziz house version) — 8:02
12" maxi
"La Zoubida" — 3:55
"La Zoubida" (instrumental) — 3:55
"La Zoubida" (Aziz house version) — 8:02
7" single
"La Zoubida" — 3:55
"La Zoubida" (instrumental) — 3:55
Charts and sales
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Certifications
See also
List of number-one singles of 1991 (France)
References
1991 singles
Lagaf' songs
SNEP Top Singles number-one singles
1991 songs |
```xml
import * as semver from "semver"
import * as zmq from "../../src"
import {assert} from "chai"
describe("zmq", function () {
describe("exports", function () {
it("should include functions and constructors", function () {
const expected = [
/* Utility functions. */
"version",
"capability",
"curveKeyPair",
/* The global/default context. */
"context",
/* Generic constructors. */
"Context",
"Socket",
"Observer",
"Proxy",
/* Specific socket constructors. */
"Pair",
"Publisher",
"Subscriber",
"Request",
"Reply",
"Dealer",
"Router",
"Pull",
"Push",
"XPublisher",
"XSubscriber",
"Stream",
]
/* ZMQ < 4.0.5 has no steerable proxy support. */
if (semver.satisfies(zmq.version, "< 4.0.5")) {
expected.splice(expected.indexOf("Proxy"), 1)
}
assert.sameMembers(Object.keys(zmq), expected)
})
})
describe("version", function () {
it("should return version string", function () {
if (typeof process.env.ZMQ_VERSION === "string") {
assert.equal(zmq.version, process.env.ZMQ_VERSION)
} else {
assert.match(zmq.version, /^\d+\.\d+\.\d+$/)
}
})
})
describe("capability", function () {
it("should return library capability booleans", function () {
assert.equal(
Object.values(zmq.capability).every(c => typeof c === "boolean"),
true,
)
})
})
describe("curve keypair", function () {
beforeEach(function () {
if (zmq.capability.curve !== true) {
this.skip()
}
})
it("should return keypair", function () {
const {publicKey, secretKey} = zmq.curveKeyPair()
assert.match(publicKey, /^[\x20-\x7F]{40}$/)
assert.match(secretKey, /^[\x20-\x7F]{40}$/)
})
})
})
``` |
Pok Tau Ha () is a village in the Sha Tau Kok area of North District of Hong Kong.
Features
The Pok Tau Ha Old Lime Kiln () is listed as a "Site of Archaeological Interest".
See also
Yim Tso Ha
References
External links
Delineation of area of existing village Yim Tso Ha and Pok Tau Ha (Sha Tau Kok) for election of resident representative (2019 to 2022)
Villages in North District, Hong Kong
Sha Tau Kok |
Philippe Starck (; born 18 January 1949) is a French industrial architect and designer known for his wide range of designs, including interior design, architecture, household objects, furniture, boats and other vehicles.
Life
Starck was born on 18 January 1949 in Paris. He is the son of André Starck, who was an aeronautics engineer. He says that his father often inspired him because he was an engineer, who made invention a "duty". His family was originally from and lived in the Alsace region, before his grandfather moved to Paris. He studied at the École Nissim de Camondo in Paris.
Career
While working for Adidas, Starck set up his first industrial design company, Starck Product, which he later renamed Ubik after Philip K. Dick's novel, and began working with manufacturers in Italy including Driade, Alessi, Kartell, and internationally, including Drimmer in Austria, Vitra in Switzerland and Disform in Spain.
In 1983, then-French President François Mitterrand, on the recommendation of his Minister of Culture, Jack Lang, chose Starck to refurbish the president's private apartments at the Élysée. The following year he designed the Café Costes.
Starck's output expanded to include furniture, decoration, architecture, street furniture, industry (wind turbines, photo booths), bathroom fittings, kitchens, floor, and wall coverings, lighting, domestic appliances, office equipment such as staplers, utensils, tableware, clothing, accessories, toys, glassware, graphic design and publishing, food, and vehicles for land, sea, air and space.
Architecture
The buildings he designed in Japan, starting in 1989, went against the grain of traditional forms. The first, Nani Nani, in Tokyo, was described as a biomorphic shed.
A year later he designed the Asahi Beer Hall in Tokyo, a building topped with a golden flame. This was followed in 1992 by Le Baron Vert office complex in Osaka. In France he designed the extension of the École Nationale Supérieure des Arts Décoratifs (ENSAD) in Paris (1998).
In 1991, Starck designed one of the pavilions for the new Groninger Museum.
Since the late 1980s, Starck has designed several hotels in different countries, these include the Royalton Hotel (1988) and the lobby of the Paramount Hotel (1990) in New York City, the Delano in Miami, the Hudson Hotel
and the Mondrian Hotel in West Hollywood, the Sanderson the Saint Martin's Lane in London, Le Meurice renovations in 2016, the Royal Monceau (2010) as well as more recently the Hotel Brach (2018) and the Hotel 9Confidentiel (2018), in Paris. Also in France, in the South West, Philippe Starck designed La Co(o)rniche and Ha(a)itza hotels, both in Arcachon, near the Dune of Pilat. In 2019, Starck created the Lily of the Valley Hotel on the French Riviera and in 2020, opened La Réserve Eden au Lac Zurich.
Starck has designed several restaurants, including in the early years, the Café Costes (1984) in Paris, Manin (1985) in Tokyo, Theatron (1985) in Mexico City, Teatriz (1990) in Madrid or more recently several restaurants with the Alajmo brothers in Paris, Venice and Milan: Caffe Stern (2014), Amo (2016), Gran Caffe Quadri (2018) and Amor (2019), La Réserve à la Plage in Saint Tropez with Michel Reybier Hospitality, The Avenue at Saks in New York in 2019.
The Alhondiga, a 43,000 square-meter culture and leisure venue in Bilbao designed by Starck, opened in 2010.
Starck also designed affordable and adjustable pre-fabricated P.A.T.H. houses.
Starck was commissioned by the Hilton Worldwide to create entirely a new hotel in Metz, France. Maison Heler is a phantasmagoric building topped by a traditional Alsatian house, a poetic symbol of the region that should open in 2021.
Yachts
In 2002 he designed Wedge Too, which was built by Feadship.
In 2004, commissioned by Russian Oligarch Andrey Melnichenko, Starck designed the Motor Yacht A and then in 2012 the A (sailing yacht), one of the world's largest sailing yachts.
Starck designed the infrastructure for the Port Adriano harbour on the south-west bay of Palma de Mallorca, Mallorca and was artistic director for the interior. It opened in April 2012.
In 2008, he designed Steve Jobs's yacht Venus, which was launched in October 2012, just over a year after the death of Apple's founder. The yacht was built at Aalsmeer in the Netherlands.
Furniture
Zartan, created for Magis in 2010, is a chair entirely made from natural material as bamboo, linen and hemp fiber, a non-toxic and biodegradable alternative to replace plastic.
In 2012, Starck released Broom for Emeco, an anti-waste chair made of materials collected in lumber and plastic plants.
Starck released Cassina Croque la pomme in 2019, a furniture collection for Cassina, entirely made from a vegan fabric, with apple leather.
For Salone del Mobile 2022, Dior Maison invited Starck to reinterpret the timeless Médallion seat.
Technology
In 1996, Starck worked with Alain Mikli to launch Starck Eyes. Bought in 2013 by Luxottica, Starck Eyes becomes Starck Biotech Paris in 2019 and is inspired by the human body to create revolutionary eyewear, merging design with biomechanics.
Starck helped design the Xiaomi Mi MIX smartphone, notable for having a 6.4-inch "whole surface screen".
In 2016, Starck developed a GPS-tracking wristband, DIAL (Individual Alert and Localization Device) for Société nationale de Sauvetage en Mer, which allows endangered people to share their exact location to rescue service whether they are in the sea or in the beach.
In 2018, Starck collaborated with Axiom Space and created the interior of the International Space Station's housing module. A comfortable and luxurious living space adapted to weightlessness, with suede-textured walls, big windows to appreciate the view and all the technology needed to stay connected.
In 2019, the so-called AI chair was presented to the public. Starck cooperated with experts of the 3D software company Autodesk and created a chair design with help of an Artificial Intelligence.
Collections
Starck's work is seen in the collections of European and American museums, including the Musée National d'Art Moderne (to which he has donated several pieces, in particular prototypes) the Musée des Arts Décoratifs in Paris, the MOMA and the Brooklyn Museum in New York City, the Vitra Design Museum in Basel and the Design Museum in London. More than 660 of his designs were inventoried in French public collections in 2011.
Philosophy
Democratic design
Starck's concept of democratic design led him to focus on mass-produced consumer goods rather than one-off pieces, seeking ways to reduce cost and improve quality in mass market goods.
Through his "democratic design" concept, Starck has campaigned for well-designed objects that are not just aimed at upper-tiered incomes. He has expressed this as a utopian ideal, approached in practice by increasing production quantities to cut costs and by using mail-order, via Les 3 Suisses. In 1998, Starck established the Good Goods catalogue with La Redoute, proposing 170 sustainable and respectful everyday life objects "for the future moral market". In 2000 he worked with Target Stores and proposed a collection of more than 50 products.
Starck released Ideas Box in 2011 for Bibliothèques Sans Frontières. These kit media libraries give the refugee populations access to culture and information. They can be installed anywhere around the world and provide screens, books, games, cameras etc.
Starck has been involved in the development of Fluocaril toothbrushes and Laguiole Knives.
Alongside his work, Starck partnered with Moustache Bikes for the M.A.S.S. (Mud, Asphalt, Sand and Snow). This is a portfolio of four e-bikes that use a Bosch electrical engine and battery pack.
In January 2013, Starck redesigned the Navigo travel pass.
Bibliography
References
External links
Mobilier national (France): Philippe Starck
French industrial designers
Product designers
Compasso d'Oro Award recipients
1949 births
Living people
Axiom Space
Businesspeople from Paris
People named in the Paradise Papers
French interior designers
Lucky Strike Designer Award recipients
École Camondo alumni |
Angelo Vincenzo Zani (born 24 March 1950) is an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church, who was named Archivist and Librarian of the Holy Roman Church in September 2022. He was the Secretary of the Congregation for Catholic Education, its second-highest officer, from November 2012 to September 2022 after serving as its third-highest official for ten years. He has been an archbishop since 2013.
Biography
Zani was born in Pralboino, Brescia, Italy, on 24 March 1950. He studied philosophy and theology at the seminary of Brescia, the Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas, Angelicum and the Pontifical Lateran University where he was awarded a doctorate in theology. Zani was ordained to the priesthood on 20 September 1975 by Luigi Morstabilini, Bishop of Brescia. He then attended the Pontifical Gregorian University and earned a license in social science.
He returned to Brescia and served as vice-rector. From 1983 to 1995 he taught at the Salesian Philosophical-Theological Institute and "Sociology of Religion" at the Paul VI Theological Institute.
He assisted in the foundation of the Institute of Religious Studies at the Catholic University of Brescia and taught there from 1990 to 1995. From 1981 to 1995 he served as director at the Diocesan Pastoral Office as well as secretary of the board, and filled other pastoral assignments. During these years Zani was also director of the Episcopal Conference of Lombardy for the pastoral care of the schools. From 1995 to 2002, he was director of the National Bureau of Education of the Italian Episcopal Conference.
On 7 January 2002, Pope John Paul II named him Under-Secretary of the Congregation for Catholic Education, its third-highest official.
On 9 November 2012, Pope Benedict XVI appointed him Secretary of the Congregation for Catholic Education, its second-highest officer, and Titular Archbishop of Volturnum. And on 15 December, Benedict named him a consultant to the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith. He received his episcopal consecration from Benedict on 6 January 2013. He chose as his motto "Unus Magister Vester" (You Have One Teacher) from Matthew 23:8.
On 30 November 2013, Pope Francis confirmed Zani in his position as Secretary of the Congregation. On 16 July 2014, Francis appointed Zani to a five-year term as a consultant to the Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life.
As Secretary, he often served as spokesperson for the Congregation. For example, in May 2014 he acknowledged the Congregation was reviewing a complaint filed by author William Blatty against Georgetown University; in January 2018, he discussed the apostolic constitution Veritatis gaudium and its restructuring of theological education; and in May 2018, he discussed new norms for education in canon law with respect to marriage annulments. He also participated in international conferences, for example in Rwanda and Thailand.
In a January 2018 speech in Calabria, he outlined some of the requirements of contemporary theological education: the need to avoid narrow conversations—"the theology of the little table"—and instead speak to human concerns by respecting "the anthropological perspective of faith". He said the times require a "differentiated catechesis, especially at the popular level"; the use of "a pastoral language in step with the times", and the courage to exercise its role in public debates to "arouse renewed social vigor".
On 26 September 2022, he was named archivist and librarian of the Holy Roman Church.
References
External links
1950 births
Living people
21st-century Italian Roman Catholic titular archbishops
Members of the Congregation for Catholic Education
Officials of the Roman Curia
Pontifical Lateran University alumni
Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas alumni
Pontifical Gregorian University alumni |
```objective-c
/*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
@class ZXByteArray, ZXDecoderResult;
/**
* Data Matrix Codes can encode text as bits in one of several modes, and can use multiple modes
* in one Data Matrix Code. This class decodes the bits back into text.
*
* See ISO 16022:2006, 5.2.1 - 5.2.9.2
*/
@interface ZXDataMatrixDecodedBitStreamParser : NSObject
+ (ZXDecoderResult *)decode:(ZXByteArray *)bytes error:(NSError **)error;
@end
``` |
```objective-c
//
// Event.h
//
// Library: Foundation
// Package: Threading
// Module: Event
//
// Definition of the Event class.
//
// and Contributors.
//
//
#ifndef Foundation_Event_INCLUDED
#define Foundation_Event_INCLUDED
#include "Poco/Exception.h"
#include "Poco/Foundation.h"
# include "Poco/Event_POSIX.h"
namespace Poco
{
class Foundation_API Event : private EventImpl
/// An Event is a synchronization object that
/// allows one thread to signal one or more
/// other threads that a certain event
/// has happened.
/// Usually, one thread signals an event,
/// while one or more other threads wait
/// for an event to become signalled.
{
public:
Event(bool autoReset = true);
/// Creates the event. If autoReset is true,
/// the event is automatically reset after
/// a wait() successfully returns.
~Event();
/// Destroys the event.
void set();
/// Signals the event. If autoReset is true,
/// only one thread waiting for the event
/// can resume execution.
/// If autoReset is false, all waiting threads
/// can resume execution.
void wait();
/// Waits for the event to become signalled.
void wait(long milliseconds);
/// Waits for the event to become signalled.
/// Throws a TimeoutException if the event
/// does not become signalled within the specified
/// time interval.
bool tryWait(long milliseconds);
/// Waits for the event to become signalled.
/// Returns true if the event
/// became signalled within the specified
/// time interval, false otherwise.
void reset();
/// Resets the event to unsignalled state.
private:
Event(const Event &);
Event & operator=(const Event &);
};
//
// inlines
//
inline void Event::set()
{
setImpl();
}
inline void Event::wait()
{
waitImpl();
}
inline void Event::wait(long milliseconds)
{
if (!waitImpl(milliseconds))
throw TimeoutException();
}
inline bool Event::tryWait(long milliseconds)
{
return waitImpl(milliseconds);
}
inline void Event::reset()
{
resetImpl();
}
} // namespace Poco
#endif // Foundation_Event_INCLUDED
``` |
RBB is the fifth Korean extended play and the by South Korean girl group Red Velvet. The six-track EP was released on November 30, 2018, by SM Entertainment with iriver and Dreamus as the domestic distributor. Musically, the EP consists of five new original tracks which varied in different genres, mostly R&B and dance-pop, which became the group's third major release to focus on their "Velvet" sonic concept, following their second EP The Velvet (2016), their second studio album Perfect Velvet (2017) and its repackage The Perfect Red Velvet (2018).
Upon its release, RBB received positive reviews from music critics for its sonic cohesiveness, how all of the songs in the album are equally "strong" and hailed as the group's most "sassiest offering". The extended play was a commercial success in South Korea, becoming the group's tenth top-three title on the Gaon Album Chart with just one day of tracking. It debuting atop the Top Heatseekers Album chart and became the group's third number-two entry on the Billboard World Albums chart.
Background and release
Following the group's promotion with their second "special summer" release Summer Magic in August 2018, news about Red Velvet's upcoming comeback circulated in October 2018, which was later confirmed by SM Entertainment. On November 9, 2018, SM Entertainment revealed the details of the extended play, its eponymous lead single, titled "RBB (Really Bad Boy)", and the release date to be November 30. During a V Live broadcast, member Yeri stated that the preparation for the album was longer than their other title tracks. In contrast to their previous release schedule, the album was released on Friday, November 30 rather than the usual Monday release for most K-pop acts. The release was a singular version only, containing a CD, a photo booklet, a lyric book and collectibles.
Composition
The lead single "RBB (Really Bad Boy)" was characterized as an R&B pop dance track with a catchy melody. The song was written and composed by SM Entertainment songwriter Kenzie and co-composed by Timothy 'Bos' Bullock, Sara Forsberg, MZMC with arrangement by Bullock. Lyrically, it expresses the charms of a "bad boy".
The second song "Butterflies" was described as a punk-pop track, its lyrics comparing the sensation of falling in love to a butterfly dancing. "So Good" was characterized as a future bass track with an R&B base that features a piano melody and rhythmical drums in the instrumental. "Sassy Me" is an urban pop dance track that ranges from low to high notes that allow the group to show off their vocal ability. "Taste" is an old-school dance-pop song with lyrics that talk about the choices a person makes and not listening to others' opinions, following their heart instead. It features a narration written by member Wendy.
Promotions
To promote the album, Red Velvet held a V Live broadcast on November 29, the night before its release. The group had their "comeback stage" for RBB on the music program Music Bank, performing both the title track "RBB (Really Bad Boy)" and "Butterflies" live for the first time and an hour before the album's official release. This was followed by performances on Show! Music Core and Inkigayo.
An accompanying music video for "RBB (Really Bad Boy)" with choreography by Choi Sun Hee, Kaycee Rice and Janelle Ginestra was released on the day of the album's release. The Halloween-themed video, which had a "Howliwood" sign in the background (a parody of "Hollywood") featured the titular "bad boy" in the song in the form of a werewolf who chases after the girls throughout the video, moving from various retro-inspired sets such as a pink room with a checker-patterned floor, a pumpkin patch with the sign behind it, and the girls stuck inside picture frames. The music video also references the 1980 film The Shining in a scene where members Irene and Yeri are dressed up as the Grady twins. Forbes called the music video "B-movie schlock retrofitted to K-pop perfectionism".
Reception
Internationally, RBB received generally positive reviews from critics. Natalie Morin of Refinery29 opined that while their last album Summer Magic was "an expression of their bright, fun "red" side, RBB highlights their soft, sultry "velvet" side". She added that the EP acted as "a sequel to their January mega-hit 'Bad Boy'". She also said the group "has a penchant for high drama, and the video for "RBB (Really Bad Boy)" plays right into it. Set in a retro "Hollywood" movie set — imagine being so powerful that you bring back Halloween on the cusp of winter". Caitlin Kelley of Forbes remarked that "As a whole, "RBB" is like if cocktail music became anthemic pop and then soundtracked a horror movie. The harmonies are complex, and vocal ad libs fill every nook and cranny of empty space". She also talked about the rest of the album and stated that "Red Velvet has a reputation for never skimping on their B-sides", asserting that "All of the songs on the six-track RBB EP are strong enough to stand on their own" and called "Sassy Me" the standout track from the album, saying it's a "self-empowerment anthem" that imbues the group's "flair for experimentalism". The album ranked fifth on Idolator's '10 Best K-Pop Albums Of 2018' list.
Commercial performance
Upon its release, RBB quickly topped over seventeen countries' iTunes chart. Comparing to the group's previous release Summer Magic, the extended play was less commercially success in their native country. With only a tracking day due to the album being released on Friday instead, the extended play debuted and peaked at number three on the Gaon Album Chart and finished as the eighth best-selling release on the November 2018 issue of the Gaon Monthly Album Chart, having sold over 84,092 copies. By this, the EP was the group's tenth consecutive top-three entry, but their lowest peak to date on the chart. It eventually placed 49th on the 2018 year-end Gaon Album Chart, having sold a total of 94,367 copies.
The extended play, however, achieved bigger success for Red Velvet in the United States, topping both the Billboard Top Heatseekers Album chart and the World Digital Song Sales chart for the first time with the release of "RBB (Really Bad Boy)". According to Nielsen Music's report, RBB sold a total of 5,000 equivalent album units in the week ending December 6, with 3,000 in album sales, earning the group their best sales week in the States. It also charted at number two on the Billboard World Albums Chart, becoming their third top-two entry on the chart. Elsewhere, the album debuted at number fifty-one on the Billboard Japan Hot Albums chart, number ninety-two on the French Download Albums chart, and number sixty on the UK Album Downloads Chart, becoming the group's second entry in the United Kingdom following the release of Summer Magic.
Track listing
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
References
Red Velvet (group) EPs
2018 EPs
SM Entertainment EPs
Korean-language EPs
IRiver EPs |
Tausug or Tausūg may refer to:
Tausug language, Malayo-Polynesian language spoken mainly in the Philippines
Tausug alphabet
Tausūg people, speakers of the language
Language and nationality disambiguation pages |
Susan Lozier is a physical oceanographer and the dean of the Georgia Institute of Technology's College of Sciences. Previously, she was the Ronie-Richelle Garcia-Johnson Professor of Earth and Ocean Sciences in the Nicholas School of the Environment at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina. Her research focuses on large-scale ocean circulation, the ocean's role in climate variability, and the transfer of heat and fresh water from one part of the ocean to another.
Education
Lozier received her Bachelor of Science degree from Purdue University in 1979, and her Master of Science (1984) and Doctor of Philosophy (1989) degrees from the University of Washington.
Professional work
Lozier was a post-doctoral fellow at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution before joining the faculty at Duke University. She is a principal investigator for the Overturning in the Subpolar North Atlantic Program (OSNAP), responsible for coordinating its international and national projects. Lozier was the first woman to graduate from the University of Washington's physical oceanography doctoral program, and is active in the community mentoring program, MPOWIR (Mentoring Physical Oceanography Women to Increase Retention). In 2020 she was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
Lozier was the featured speaker for the 16th Annual Roger Revelle Annual Commemorative Lecture, sponsored by the National Academies and held at the National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C., on March 4, 2015, presenting her lecture on Overturning Assumptions: Past, Present, and Future Concerns about the Ocean's Circulation.
Lozier started a two-year term as president of the American Geophysical Union in 2021.
Select publications
Awards
Rachel Carson Award Lecture, American Geophysical Union (2001)
Ambassador Award, American Geophysical Union (2016)
Joanne Simpson Mentorship Award, American Meteorological Society (2017)
Member, American Academy of Arts and Sciences (2020)
References
External links
Overturning in the Subpolar North Atlantic Program
Autobiographical sketch in "Women in Oceanography: a Decade Later," E.S. Kappel. Oceanography: 27 (4), page 161
American oceanographers
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Purdue University alumni
University of Washington alumni
Duke University faculty
Place of birth missing (living people)
physical oceanographers
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences |
Maharajadhiraj Raj Rajeshwar Sawai Shri Sir Tukoji Rao II Holkar XI Bahadur (3 May 1835 – 17 June 1886) was the Maharaja of Indore (Holkar State) and a member of the Maratha Holkar dynasty. His birth name was Shrimant Yukaji Jaswant Holkar. He was the son of Raja Shrimant Santoji Rao Holkar, from the collateral branch of the Holkar dynasty.
Biography
On the death of Khande Rao Holkar II in 1844 former Maharaja Marthand Rao Holkar claimed the throne for himself, but his request, backed by many nobles, was not given by the British. Krishna Bai Holkar Sahiba, one of the widows of Yashwant Rao Holkar, suggested the name of the younger son of Bhao Santoji Holkar (uncle of Marthand Rao). The proposal was accepted and the 12-year-old Jaswant Holkar was installed with the regnal name of Tukoji Rao Holkar II on 23 June 1844.
The regency council, controlled by the resident continued. At the age of 16, in 1848, Tukoji Rao II began participating in the government formally. Krishna Bai died in 1849 and Tukoji further expanded his participation in the affairs and soon was granted all the powers (8 March 1852) on attaining 20 years of age. In this period many reforms were introduced.
In 1846 he married Maharani Shrimant Akhand Soubhagyavati Mhalsa Bai Sahib Holkar (known as Rukhma Bai, who died of cholera in Indore in June 1848). After her death, he married Maharani Shrimant Akhand Soubhagyavati Bhagirathi Bai Sahib Holkar and Maharani Shrimant Akhand Soubhagyavati Radha Bai Sahib Holkar. In the Indian Rebellion of 1857, Indore State stayed loyal to the British side.
Death
Tukoji rao Holkar II died at Maheshwar on 17 June 1886 and was succeeded by his eldest surviving son Shivajirao Holkar, born in 1859 (the first two sons had died in 1854 and 1857).
See also
Holkar
References
Knights Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of India
Companions of the Order of the Indian Empire
1835 births
1886 deaths
Maharajas of Indore
Recipients of the Kaisar-i-Hind Medal
Indian knights |
Tre Swilling (born March 26, 1999) is an American football cornerback for the Baltimore Ravens of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Georgia Tech.
Early life and high school
Swilling was born in New Orleans, Louisiana and attended Brother Martin High School. Swilling would decide to commit to play college football at Georgia Tech over other schools such as Alabama, Florida, Florida State, LSU, and Michigan.
College career
In week ten of the 2018 season, Swilling recorded his first career interception, as he helped Georgia Tech beat North Carolina. Swilling finished the 2018 season with 24 tackles with 1.5 going for a loss, a sack, six pass deflections, an interception, and a forced fumble. In week one of the 2019 season, Swilling broke up a pass and intercepted a pass off of quarterback Trevor Lawrence returning it 41 yards, but the Yellow Jackets would fall against Clemson. Swilling finished the 2019 season with 23 tackles with two being for a loss, ten pass deflections, an interception, and a fumble recovery. For his performance on the season, Swilling was named an All-ACC Honorable Mention. In the 2020 season, Swilling recorded 21 tackles, a pass deflection, a fumble recovery, and a forced fumble. In the 2021 season, Swilling notched 33 tackles with two being for a loss, a sack, and four pass deflections.
Swilling finished his Georgia Tech career with 101 tackles with 5.5 going for a loss, two sacks, 21 pass deflections, two interceptions, two fumble recoveries, and two forced fumbles.
Professional career
Tennessee Titans
On April 30, 2022, Swilling was signed to the Tennessee Titans as an undrafted free agent after going unselected in the 2022 NFL Draft. Swilling was waived on August 30, 2022.
New Orleans Saints
On September 12, 2022, Swilling was signed to the New Orleans Saints practice squad. He was released on October 4, 2022.
San Francisco 49ers
On December 20, 2022, Swilling was signed to the San Francisco 49ers practice squad. He was released on December 27, 2022. On February 6, 2023, Swilling was re-signed to the 49ers to a reserve/future contract. He was waived on August 29, 2023 but was re-signed to the practice squad the next day. On September 16, 2023, Swilling was elevated from the practice squad to the active roster after cornerback Samuel Womack was placed on the injured reserve due to an MCL injury.
Baltimore Ravens
On October 3, 2023, Swilling was signed to the Baltimore Ravens practice squad.
Personal life
Swilling is the son of College Football Hall of Fame linebacker, Pat Swilling.
References
External links
Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets bio
New Orleans Saints bio
San Francisco 49ers bio
1999 births
Living people
Players of American football from New Orleans
American football cornerbacks
Brother Martin High School alumni
Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football players
Tennessee Titans players
New Orleans Saints players
San Francisco 49ers players
Baltimore Ravens players |
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<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title">
<a name="api-index-2-18"></a>Index of new symbols in 2.18</h1></div></div></div>
<a name="idx"></a><a name="idxC"></a><h3 class="title">C</h3>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="gio-GContentType.html#g-content-type-from-mime-type" title="g_content_type_from_mime_type()">g_content_type_from_mime_type</a>, function in <a class="link" href="gio-GContentType.html" title="GContentType">GContentType</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="gio-GContentType.html#g-content-type-guess-for-tree" title="g_content_type_guess_for_tree()">g_content_type_guess_for_tree</a>, function in <a class="link" href="gio-GContentType.html" title="GContentType">GContentType</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<a name="idxD"></a><h3 class="title">D</h3>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="gio-Desktop-file-based-GAppInfo.html#g-desktop-app-info-new-from-keyfile" title="g_desktop_app_info_new_from_keyfile()">g_desktop_app_info_new_from_keyfile</a>, function in <a class="link" href="gio-Desktop-file-based-GAppInfo.html" title="GDesktopAppInfo">Desktop file based GAppInfo</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<a name="idxE"></a><h3 class="title">E</h3>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GEmblemedIcon.html#g-emblemed-icon-add-emblem" title="g_emblemed_icon_add_emblem()">g_emblemed_icon_add_emblem</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GEmblemedIcon.html" title="GEmblemedIcon">GEmblemedIcon</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GEmblemedIcon.html#g-emblemed-icon-get-emblems" title="g_emblemed_icon_get_emblems()">g_emblemed_icon_get_emblems</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GEmblemedIcon.html" title="GEmblemedIcon">GEmblemedIcon</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GEmblemedIcon.html#g-emblemed-icon-get-icon" title="g_emblemed_icon_get_icon()">g_emblemed_icon_get_icon</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GEmblemedIcon.html" title="GEmblemedIcon">GEmblemedIcon</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GEmblemedIcon.html#g-emblemed-icon-new" title="g_emblemed_icon_new()">g_emblemed_icon_new</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GEmblemedIcon.html" title="GEmblemedIcon">GEmblemedIcon</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GEmblem.html#GEmblemOrigin" title="enum GEmblemOrigin">GEmblemOrigin</a>, enum in <a class="link" href="GEmblem.html" title="GEmblem">GEmblem</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GEmblem.html#g-emblem-get-icon" title="g_emblem_get_icon()">g_emblem_get_icon</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GEmblem.html" title="GEmblem">GEmblem</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GEmblem.html#g-emblem-get-origin" title="g_emblem_get_origin()">g_emblem_get_origin</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GEmblem.html" title="GEmblem">GEmblem</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GEmblem.html#g-emblem-new" title="g_emblem_new()">g_emblem_new</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GEmblem.html" title="GEmblem">GEmblem</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GEmblem.html#g-emblem-new-with-origin" title="g_emblem_new_with_origin()">g_emblem_new_with_origin</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GEmblem.html" title="GEmblem">GEmblem</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<a name="idxF"></a><h3 class="title">F</h3>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GFileEnumerator.html#g-file-enumerator-get-container" title="g_file_enumerator_get_container()">g_file_enumerator_get_container</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GFileEnumerator.html" title="GFileEnumerator">GFileEnumerator</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GFile.html#g-file-make-directory-with-parents" title="g_file_make_directory_with_parents()">g_file_make_directory_with_parents</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GFile.html" title="GFile">GFile</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GFile.html#g-file-monitor" title="g_file_monitor()">g_file_monitor</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GFile.html" title="GFile">GFile</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GFile.html#g-file-query-file-type" title="g_file_query_file_type()">g_file_query_file_type</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GFile.html" title="GFile">GFile</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<a name="idxM"></a><h3 class="title">M</h3>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GMemoryOutputStream.html#g-memory-output-stream-get-data-size" title="g_memory_output_stream_get_data_size()">g_memory_output_stream_get_data_size</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GMemoryOutputStream.html" title="GMemoryOutputStream">GMemoryOutputStream</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GMount.html#g-mount-guess-content-type" title="g_mount_guess_content_type()">g_mount_guess_content_type</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GMount.html" title="GMount">GMount</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GMount.html#g-mount-guess-content-type-finish" title="g_mount_guess_content_type_finish()">g_mount_guess_content_type_finish</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GMount.html" title="GMount">GMount</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GMount.html#g-mount-guess-content-type-sync" title="g_mount_guess_content_type_sync()">g_mount_guess_content_type_sync</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GMount.html" title="GMount">GMount</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<a name="idxT"></a><h3 class="title">T</h3>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GThemedIcon.html#g-themed-icon-prepend-name" title="g_themed_icon_prepend_name()">g_themed_icon_prepend_name</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GThemedIcon.html" title="GThemedIcon">GThemedIcon</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<a name="idxU"></a><h3 class="title">U</h3>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="gio-Unix-Mounts.html#g-unix-mount-monitor-set-rate-limit" title="g_unix_mount_monitor_set_rate_limit()">g_unix_mount_monitor_set_rate_limit</a>, function in <a class="link" href="gio-Unix-Mounts.html" title="Unix Mounts">Unix Mounts</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<a name="idxV"></a><h3 class="title">V</h3>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GVolumeMonitor.html#GVolumeMonitor-drive-eject-button" title="The drive-eject-button signal">GVolumeMonitor::drive-eject-button</a>, object signal in <a class="link" href="GVolumeMonitor.html" title="GVolumeMonitor">GVolumeMonitor</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
<dt>
<a class="link" href="GVolume.html#g-volume-get-activation-root" title="g_volume_get_activation_root()">g_volume_get_activation_root</a>, function in <a class="link" href="GVolume.html" title="GVolume">GVolume</a>
</dt>
<dd></dd>
</div>
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Cuba Lodge No. 312 A.F. and A.M. is a historic Masonic lodge located at Cuba, Crawford County, Missouri. It was built in 1940, and is a one-story, rectangular building constructed of dressed, random ashlar, native sandstone. It has a front gabled-hip roof and a projecting front gable roof porch.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014.
References
Clubhouses on the National Register of Historic Places in Missouri
Buildings and structures completed in 1940
Buildings and structures in Crawford County, Missouri
National Register of Historic Places in Crawford County, Missouri |
Nikolai Sergeevich Borchsenius (; 20 October 1906 Saint Petersburg - 5 May 1965, Leningrad) was a Russian entomologist who specialised in the Coccoidea.
Selected publications
1949 Identification of the soft and armored scales of Armenia. (In Russian.) Proceedings of the Armenian SSR Academy of Sciences 1949: 1-271.
1950. Mealybugs and scale insects of the USSR (Coccoidea). (In Russian.) Zoological Institute, USSR Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia. 250 pp.
1965. Essay on the classification of the armoured scale insects (Homoptera, Coccoidea, Diaspididae). (In Russian.) Энтомологическое обозрение (Entomological Review) 44: 208-214.
Collection
Borchsenius' collection is in the Quarantine-Laboratorium of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Saint Petersburg.
References
Kryžanovskij, O. L. 1965: [In memoriam N.S. Borkhsenius (1906-1965)] Entomological Review. 44(4) 951-957, Portrait
Rao, V. P. 1966: [Borchsenius, N. S.] Indian Journal of Entomology 28 155, Portrait
1906 births
1965 deaths
Soviet entomologists |
Douglas C. McDougal (April 23, 1876 – January 20, 1964) was the 10th Assistant to the Major General Commandant of the Marine Corps.
Early years
McDougal was born April 23, 1876, in San Francisco, California, and after joining the Marine Corps participated in numerous conflicts, including the Philippine–American War, Spanish–American War and the Boxer Rebellion.
By the time he retired he had achieved the rank of major general. He died January 20, 1964.
Awards and decorations
Haiti
Haitian Distinguished Service Medal
Medal of Honor and Merit
Nicaragua
Medal of Distinction (Nicaragua)
Medal of Merit (Nicaragua)
United States
Navy Distinguished Service Medal
Spanish Campaign Medal
Philippine Campaign Medal
China Campaign Medal
World War I Victory Medal
Marine Corps Expeditionary Medal
Dominican Campaign Medal
Haitian Campaign Medal
Nicaraguan Campaign Medal
See also
References
1876 births
1964 deaths
United States Marine Corps personnel of World War I
United States Marine Corps generals
United States Naval Academy alumni
Recipients of the Navy Distinguished Service Medal
American military personnel of the Spanish–American War
American military personnel of the Philippine–American War
Military personnel from San Francisco |
Telua (earlier known as Telo Bhelo) is a village in Hooghly district under Arambag Block of West Bengal state in India.
The village is situated at a distance of 1.5 miles from Mayapur village (a large village and railway station situated between Tarakeswar railway station and Arambag railway station) of the same block.
History
It is famous for Dakat Kali (the Kali of the Dacoits) temple which was built by Dacoit leader named Bhim (according to some persons the Dacoit leader was named as Sagar Santra). The Dacoit leader had met Sarada Devi while she was on her way to Dakhineshwar to meet her husband Ramakrishna. The Dacoit leader was addressed as ‘father’ by Sarada Devi. The humility, soft-spokeness and a divine vision in the human form of Sarada Devi had changed the heart of the leader and he left the path of robbery. Later he constructed a temple in the honour of Kali, his favourite deity. To him Sarada Devi had seemed to be an incarnation of Kali.
References
Villages in Hooghly district |
```objective-c
/*
*
*/
#ifndef ZEPHYR_INCLUDE_DT_BINDINGS_ST_LSM6DSV16X_H_
#define ZEPHYR_INCLUDE_DT_BINDINGS_ST_LSM6DSV16X_H_
/* Accel range */
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_FS_2G 0
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_FS_4G 1
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_FS_8G 2
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_FS_16G 3
/* Gyro range */
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_FS_125DPS 0x0
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_FS_250DPS 0x1
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_FS_500DPS 0x2
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_FS_1000DPS 0x3
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_FS_2000DPS 0x4
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_FS_4000DPS 0xc
/* Accel and Gyro Data rates */
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_OFF 0x0
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_AT_1Hz875 0x1
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_AT_7Hz5 0x2
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_AT_15Hz 0x3
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_AT_30Hz 0x4
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_AT_60Hz 0x5
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_AT_120Hz 0x6
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_AT_240Hz 0x7
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_AT_480Hz 0x8
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_AT_960Hz 0x9
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_AT_1920Hz 0xA
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_AT_3840Hz 0xB
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_AT_7680Hz 0xC
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_HA01_AT_15Hz625 0x13
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_HA01_AT_31Hz25 0x14
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_HA01_AT_62Hz5 0x15
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_HA01_AT_125Hz 0x16
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_HA01_AT_250Hz 0x17
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_HA01_AT_500Hz 0x18
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_HA01_AT_1000Hz 0x19
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_HA01_AT_2000Hz 0x1A
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_HA01_AT_4000Hz 0x1B
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_HA01_AT_8000Hz 0x1C
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_HA02_AT_12Hz5 0x23
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_HA02_AT_25Hz 0x24
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_HA02_AT_50Hz 0x25
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_HA02_AT_100Hz 0x26
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_HA02_AT_200Hz 0x27
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_HA02_AT_400Hz 0x28
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_HA02_AT_800Hz 0x29
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_HA02_AT_1600Hz 0x2A
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_HA02_AT_3200Hz 0x2B
#define LSM6DSV16X_DT_ODR_HA02_AT_6400Hz 0x2C
#endif /* ZEPHYR_INCLUDE_DT_BINDINGS_ST_LSM6DSV16X_H_ */
``` |
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<p>boost::accumulators::extract::extended_p_square_quantile</p>
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<div xmlns:rev="path_to_url~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" class="refsynopsisdiv"><pre class="synopsis"><span class="comment">// In header: <<a class="link" href="../../../accumulators/reference.html#header.boost.accumulators.statistics.extended_p_square_quantile_hpp" title="Header <boost/accumulators/statistics/extended_p_square_quantile.hpp>">boost/accumulators/statistics/extended_p_square_quantile.hpp</a>>
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file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <a href="path_to_url" target="_top">path_to_url
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``` |
Larkin may refer to:
Larkin (surname)
Buildings and structures
Larkin Administration Building, a destroyed building of the defunct Larkin Soap Company
Larkin Terminal Warehouse, original warehouse of the defunct Larkin Soap Company
Larkin Stadium, a football stadium in Johor Bahru, Malaysia
Business and organizations
Larkin Aircraft Supply Company, a former Australian aircraft manufacturer
Larkin Company, a former mail-order company based in Buffalo, New York
Larkin University, Miami Gardens, Florida
Philip Larkin Society
Places
Larkin, Alabama, U.S.
Larkin, California, U.S.
Larkin, Johor, Malaysia
Larkin (state constituency), Johor, Malaysia
Larkin Charter Township, Michigan
Larkin Sentral, a bus terminal in Johor Bahru, Malaysia
Larkin Township, Minnesota
Other uses
Larkin 25, a former arts festival in Kingston upon Hull, England
Larkin High School, Elgin, Illinois, U.S.
See also
Senator Larkin (disambiguation)
Larken
Larkins (disambiguation) |
Presentation College, Windsor (PCW) was an independent Roman Catholic, secondary, day school for girls, located in Windsor, an inner suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. The school was founded in 1873. The brother school of PCW was the Christian Brothers College, St Kilda (CBC), located adjacent to PCW.
History
Presentation Convent, Windsor was established upon the arrival of seven Presentation Sisters from Ireland in 1873. Prior to their arrival, from 1839, the Church and colonial government debated the need for education to be provided by local church schools.
The Victorian government wanted to alter the education legislation. It was said that the system of denominational schools was too great a burden on the economy of a young country and left many areas with no access to education. That was resolved following the election of James Wilberforce Stephen to the Victorian Legislative Assembly in 1870, representing St. Kilda. Appointed Attorney-General in 1872, he had responsibility for the proposed Education Bill, which provided for free, secular and compulsory education. After the passage of the bill, financial grants given to denominational schools were discontinued, making the continuation of Catholic schools staffed by lay people financially impossible.
Father Corbett, Parish Priest at St Mary's, East St Kilda, acted quickly and sent a letter to the Presentation Convent in Ireland. It opened in dramatic fashion: "Dear Reverend Mother. From the ends of the earth I write to you for help ..." Responding to the request in September 1873, Sister Mary Paul Mulquin, together with six sisters from Limerick, boarded the steamer, the SS Great Britain, at Liverpool, arriving at Sandridge (Port Melbourne) 21 December 1873.
Presentation Convent Windsor became a reality on Christmas Day 1873. The school commenced in January 1874 with 33 enrolments. By 1883, the enrolment of pupils at Windsor Convent was 367, with 11 sisters and three lay teachers forming the staff.
Closure
On 29 July 2019, it was announced that Presentation College Windsor would close at the end of 2020, due to declining enrolments.
Lease of Campus to Edmund Rice Education Australia
After the closure of PCW, the Presentation Sisters opted to lease the campus to Edmund Rice Education Australia for use by Christian Brothers College (now St Mary's College) for a period of 5 years. In October of 2023, Micheal Lee, acting principal of St Mary's College, released a letter to the community informing them that at the end of the lease period, St Mary's will not extend the lease and will instead continue all operations on the Edmund Rice Campus.
House system
The four houses were formed in 1940 by the Principal at the time Mother Bertrand Rahilly, who was very interested in sport and wanted to encourage students to become more active. Within their House girls compete in the Music Festival, Athletics and Swimming as well as participating in other sports.
Mother Bertrand introduced the names of the Houses and allocated the colours:
Nagle (yellow): After Nano Nagle, founder of the Presentation Sisters
Kostka (red): After Stanislaus Kostka, renowned Jesuit who died young and came to symbolise youth
Xavier (blue): After St Francis Xavier, Jesuit missionary and patron Saint of Australia
Loyola (green): After St Ignatius Loyola, founder of the Jesuits
Notable alumni
Jana Wendt, journalist
Katherine Bourke, judge
Anna Burke, politician
Sheila Florance, actress
Clare Oliver, health activist
Pia Miller, actress
Lydia Schiavello, television personality
Matilda Boseley, reporter for 7NEWS and Guardian Australia
See also
List of schools in Victoria
Victorian Certificate of Education
References
External links
Presentation College Website
Girls' schools in Victoria (state)
Catholic secondary schools in Melbourne
Presentation Sisters schools
Educational institutions established in 1873
1873 establishments in Australia
Educational institutions disestablished in 2020
2020 disestablishments in Australia
Buildings and structures in the City of Stonnington |
"Sense and Senility" is the fourth episode of the BBC sitcom Blackadder the Third, the third series of Blackadder. It originally aired on 8 October 1987. The title is a play on Jane Austen's Sense and Sensibility.
Plot
Blackadder is ruefully preparing to attend the theatre with Prince George, who has no grasp of the concept of fiction; for example, at a performance of Julius Caesar, the Prince shouted, "Look behind you, Mr. Caesar!" during the assassination scene. At the play, an anarchist (played by Ben Elton) makes an attempt on George's life. The Prince is shocked by Blackadder's revelation that he is unpopular and ignorant of the living conditions of the working classes: "Disease and deprivation stalk our land like two giant stalking things." Following this event, Prince George becomes anxious about anarchist attacks. Whenever the Prince encounters Baldrick cleaning, he accuses Baldrick of being an anarchist and attempts to strangle him.
Blackadder suggests that the Prince should improve his public image and writes a speech for the Prince to deliver at his father's birthday celebrations. The Prince then suggests that the two actors that they saw at the theatre (David Keanrick and Enoch Mossop, played respectively by Hugh Paddick and Kenneth Connor) be hired to give him elocution lessons. Blackadder has little respect for actors in the first place, often ridiculing them for their over-the-top, flamboyant acting style, and saying, "You mean they actually rehearse? I thought they just got drunk, stuck on silly hats and trusted their luck." Blackadder torments Keanrick and Mossop by having them repeatedly perform the painful Macbeth ritual (which comically consists of them playing pattycake and chanting "Hot potato, orchestra stalls, Puck will make amends!" before squeezing each other's nose). He says "Macbeth" six times in a row, making the actors continually repeat their ritual. Soon, he takes an additional dislike to the pair when they laugh at the speech he wrote, calling it "drivel", so he plans to quit being a servant and apply to become King of Sardinia (responding to an advertisement in The Times placed by Napoleon Bonaparte). However, he is distracted when, on the way out, Baldrick insults him, saying "Goodbye, you lazy, big nosed, rubber-faced bastard." Uncharacteristically, he does not touch Baldrick, but instead scathingly tells him "I wouldn't bet you a single groat that you could last five minutes here without me."
Soon after this, the actors rehearse their own play which they wrote themselves, The Bloody Murder of the Foul Prince Romero and His Enormously Bosomed Wife, which consists mostly of long and very gory Shakespearean-style dialogue. Baldrick overhears them and thinks it is a real plot to murder Prince George and Blackadder. As Baldrick and the Prince are cowering in the sitting room, Blackadder returns, revealing that he had actually decided to take Baldrick up on his bet, saying "Four minutes, twenty-two seconds, Baldrick. You owe me a groat." He then takes advantage of George's inability to tell fact from fiction and accuses the actors of conspiracy, claiming that The Murder of Prince Romero is in fact "their entire conspiracy printed and published in play manuscript form". They are led off by the guards as Edmund adds insult to injury by again invoking the dreaded Scottish curse.
Blackadder then offers the Prince a lead role in a new play. The Prince agrees, but asks for the title. Blackadder replies, Thick Jack Clot Sits in the Stocks and Gets Pelted with Rancid Tomatoes. The credits roll after George says, "Excellent!".
In contemporary culture
Comparisons have been drawn between the "heroic stance" the actors teach Prince George and power posing.
References
External links
Blackadder episodes
1987 British television episodes
Television shows written by Ben Elton
Television shows written by Richard Curtis |
The Belgian Holocaust denial law, passed on 23 March 1995, bans public Holocaust denial. Specifically, the law makes it illegal to publicly "deny, play down, justify or approve of the genocide committed by the German National Socialist regime during the Second World War". Prosecution is led by the Belgian Centre for Equal Opportunities. The offense is punishable by imprisonment of up to one year and fines of up to 2,500 EUR.
Legislative history
The Holocaust denial bill, drafted by Claude Eerdekens and Yvan Mayeur of the Parti Socialiste, was introduced in the Chamber of Representatives by Eerdekens (PS), Marcel Cheron (Ecolo), Marcel Colla (SP), Yvan Mayeur (PS), Luc Dhoore (CVP), Raymond Langendries (CDH), Louis Michel (MR) and Mieke Vogels (Agalev) on 30 June 1992.
The bill passed the Chamber of Representatives on 2 February 1995, with 194 votes in favour, 0 against and 0 abstentions.
The bill passed the Senate on 14 March 1995.
The Vlaams Blok, the predecessor of the Vlaams Belang, voted for the law, "out of a desire for respectability and to break out of its political isolation", even though its leadership "contained Holocaust deniers".
Senator Herman Suykerbuyk (CVP), author of a 1996 Flemish decree placing on the same level victims of the Nazi occupation and "victims" of the post World War II repression, abstained when the bill was voted in the Senate.
King Albert II signed and promulgated the bill on 23 March 1995. The Act was published in the Belgian Official Journal on 30 March 1995 and entered into force on the same day.
Freedom of expression
In the past, adversaries of the law have argued that this law restricts the freedom of expression, which is a basic human right. In a decision of 24 June 2003, the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) stated that "denying or minimising the Holocaust must be seen as one of the acutest forms of racial slandering and incentives to hatred towards the Jews. The negation or the revision of historical facts of this type call into question the values which found the fight against racism and anti-semitism and is likely to seriously disturb law and order. Attacks against the rights of others of this kind are incompatible with democracy and human rights and their authors incontestably have aims that are prohibited by article 17 of the Convention." The court concludes that in application of article 17 of the ECHR, the plaintiff can't appeal to the protection of article 10 ECHR, insofar that he wants to use the freedom of expression to dispute crimes against humanity.
Convictions
On 14 April 2005, the Antwerp Court of Appeal convicted Siegfried Verbeke to 1 year imprisonment and a fine of 2,500 EUR, based on this law. The court also suspended his civic rights for a period of 10 years. The Centre for Equal Opportunities and the Belgian Auschwitz Foundation each received symbolic damages of 1 EUR.
Possible expansions
In June 2005, a reform of the law was debated in the Belgian Senate in order to extend its scope to the negation of other genocides, e.g. the Armenian genocide and the Rwandan genocide. Due to political and public controversy about the legal qualification of the Armenian genocide, the reform was postponed.
Negation of the Armenian genocide has been systematically used as an electoral campaigning tool by Turkish candidates (from all parties) and organisations during Belgian elections since 1999, making it electorally difficult for some parties to take a clear stance on making it illegal.
See also
Holocaust denial
Historical revisionism (negationism)
Further reading
References
Holocaust denial law
1995 in law
Holocaust denial in Belgium
Laws criminalizing Holocaust denial
1995 establishments in Belgium
Censorship in Belgium
Anti-racism in Belgium |
Maer is a rural village and civil parish in the Borough of Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire, England, to the west of the pottery manufacturing town of Stoke-on-Trent.
The parish church of St Peter dates from 1612. It has a funeral monument to Sir John and Lady Bowyer.
Maer's main feature is the large 17th-century stone-built country house, Maer Hall, built on a slope above a small lake, or "mere", which gave the house and estate its name. The hall became the home of Josiah Wedgwood II and was frequently visited by his nephew Charles Darwin, who went on to marry Josiah's daughter Emma at St. Peter's Church, which stands higher on the hillside, close to the hall. When she was young, Emma helped her older sister Elizabeth with the Sunday School, which was held in Maer Hall laundry, giving sixty village children their only formal training in reading, writing and religion. The grave of Josiah Wedgwood II and his wife Elizabeth in the churchyard has a view down over the hall.
Nearby is Berth Hill, an Iron Age hillfort.
See also
Listed buildings in Maer, Staffordshire
References
External links
Details
GENUKI page
Villages in Staffordshire
Borough of Newcastle-under-Lyme |
Udea costalis is a species of moth in the family Crambidae described by Eduard Friedrich Eversmann in 1852. It is found in Spain, France, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Russia, Kyrgyzstan and China.
References
Moths described in 1852
costalis
Moths of Europe |
Mendax is a genus of very small sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Cerithiopsidae.
Species
Species in the genus Mendax include:
Mendax barbarae Cecalupo & Perugia, 2017
Mendax denatalis Cecalupo & Perugia, 2017
† Mendax disparilis P. A. Maxwell, 1992
Mendax hebetatus Marshall, 1978
Mendax marginatus (Suter, 1908)
Mendax mascarenensis Jay & Drivas, 2002
Mendax metivieri Jay & Drivas, 2002
Mendax penneyi Jay & Drivas, 2002
Mendax ribesae Jay & Drivas, 2002
Mendax rufulus Cecalupo & Perugia, 2013
Mendax samadiae Cecalupo & Perugia, 2021
Mendax seilaformis Marshall, 1978
Mendax spiritussanctis Cecalupo & Perugia, 2013
Mendax subapicinus (Dell, 1956)
Mendax tenuicostatus Cecalupo & Perugia, 2017
Mendax theodosiae Jay & Drivas, 2002
Mendax trizonalis (Odhner, 1924)
Mendax trizonaloides Marshall, 1978
Species brought into synonymy
Mendax attenuatispira Powell, 1937: synonym of Trituba (Paramendax) attenuatispira (Powell, 1937) represented as Trituba attenuatispira (Powell, 1937)
Mendax duplicarinata Powell, 1940: synonym of Metaxia duplicarinata (Powell, 1940) (original combination)
Mendax nucleoproducta Dell, 1956: synonym of Cerithiella nucleoproducta (Dell, 1956) (original combination)
References
Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979
Spencer, H.; Marshall. B. (2009). All Mollusca except Opisthobranchia. In: Gordon, D. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Volume One: Kingdom Animalia. 584 pp
Spencer, H.G., Marshall, B.A. & Willan, R.C. (2009). Checklist of New Zealand living Mollusca. Pp 196-219. in: Gordon, D.P. (ed.) New Zealand inventory of biodiversity. Volume one. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch.
External links
Finlay H.J. (1926). A further commentary on New Zealand molluscan systematics. Transactions of the New Zealand Institute. 57: 320-485, pls 18-23
Marshall B. (1978). Cerithiopsidae of New Zealand, and a provisional classification of the family. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 5(1): 47-120
Cerithiopsidae
Gastropod genera
Taxa named by Harold John Finlay |
Tekanlujeh (, also Romanized as Tekānlūjeh; also known as Tīkān Lūjeh) is a village in Akhtachi-ye Gharbi Rural District, in the Central District of Mahabad County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 188, in 37 families.
References
Populated places in Mahabad County |
Kondyurino () is a rural locality (a village) in Kupriyanovskoye Rural Settlement, Gorokhovetsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 86 as of 2010.
Geography
Kondyurino is located 6 km southeast of Gorokhovets (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kruglovo is the nearest rural locality.
References
Rural localities in Gorokhovetsky District |
```xml
import { Commands } from '../constants';
import type { Container } from '../container';
import { command } from '../system/command';
import { Command } from './base';
@command()
export class DisableRebaseEditorCommand extends Command {
constructor(private readonly container: Container) {
super(Commands.DisableRebaseEditor);
}
execute() {
return this.container.rebaseEditor.setEnabled(false);
}
}
@command()
export class EnableRebaseEditorCommand extends Command {
constructor(private readonly container: Container) {
super(Commands.EnableRebaseEditor);
}
execute() {
return this.container.rebaseEditor.setEnabled(true);
}
}
``` |
The .220 Rook, also known as the .220 Long Centrefire, is an obsolete British centerfire rifle cartridge.
Overview
The .220 Rook is a rimmed cartridge originally designed for use in rook rifles. It was designed and produced in Britain in the 1880s. It is believed to be an early centrefire version of the .22 Long Rifle rimfire cartridge.
The .220 Rook fired a bullet of weight driven by of black powder, it was designed for hunting small game and target shooting, although many considered it too small for practical hunting purposes.
See also
List of rifle cartridges
5 mm rifle cartridges
References
Pistol and rifle cartridges
British firearm cartridges
Rook rifle cartridges |
Each 'region' has different Virtual Console titles available for download to the Wii, Nintendo 3DS, and Wii U depending on licensing and other factors.
Systems
Wii
List of Virtual Console games for Wii (Japan)
List of Virtual Console games for Wii (North America)
List of Virtual Console games for Wii (PAL region)
List of Virtual Console games for Wii (South Korea)
Nintendo 3DS
List of Virtual Console games for Nintendo 3DS (Japan)
List of Virtual Console games for Nintendo 3DS (North America)
List of Virtual Console games for Nintendo 3DS (PAL region)
List of Virtual Console games for Nintendo 3DS (South Korea)
List of Virtual Console games for Nintendo 3DS (Taiwan and Hong Kong)
Wii U
List of Virtual Console games for Wii U (Japan)
List of Virtual Console games for Wii U (North America)
List of Virtual Console games for Wii U (PAL region)
See also
List of Wii games
List of WiiWare games
Wii Shop Channel
WiiWare
List of DSiWare games and applications
Nintendo-related lists
Video game lists by platform |
The Missing Clerk () is a 1971 Danish comedy film directed by Gert Fredholm. It was entered into the 22nd Berlin International Film Festival.
Cast
Ove Sprogøe as Teodor Amsted
Bodil Kjer as Mrs. Amsted
Karl Stegger as Martin Hageholm
Poul Thomsen as Jens Jensen
as Politiassistent Munk
Hans-Henrik Krause as Politikommisær Skovstrup
Valsø Holm as Kontorchef
as Fru Møller
Jytte Abildstrøm as Frk. Liljenfeldt
Vera Gebuhr as Fru Mörtel
as Fuldmægtig Degerstrøm
as Servitricen Ulla (as Ulla Lemvigh-Müller)
as Karen
Ole Varde Lassen as Forsvarer
as Johanne
See also
List of submissions to the 44th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film
List of Danish submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film
References
External links
1971 comedy films
1971 films
Danish comedy films
1970s Danish-language films
Films directed by Gert Fredholm
Best Danish Film Bodil Award winners |
The 1915 Rhode Island State Rams football team was an American football team that represented Rhode Island State College (later renamed the University of Rhode Island) as an independent during the 1915 college football season. In its first year under head coach James A. Baldwin, the team compiled a 3–5 record.
Schedule
References
Rhode Island State
Rhode Island Rams football seasons
Rhode Island State Rams football |
Kabul, capital of Afghanistan, fell in November 2001 to the Northern Alliance forces during the War in Afghanistan. Northern Alliance forces began their attack on the city on 13 November and made swift progress against Taliban and Al-Qaeda forces that were heavily weakened by American and British air strikes. The advance moved ahead of plans, and the next day the Northern Alliance forces (supported by ODA 555) entered Kabul and met no resistance inside the city. Taliban forces retreated to Kandahar in the south.
Coupled with the fall of Mazar-i-Sharif five days earlier, the capture of Kabul was a significant blow to Taliban control of Afghanistan. As a result of all the losses, surviving members of the Taliban and al-Qaeda, including Osama bin Laden, retreated toward Kandahar, the spiritual birthplace and home of the Taliban movement, and Tora Bora.
Background
By late 2001, the Taliban had seized control of approximately 90% of the country during the 1996-2001 Afghan Civil War, and with the death of Northern Alliance general Ahmad Shah Massoud there were concerns the entire country would fall under their control. Their fighters consisted of between 25,000 and 30,000 fighters, and were supported by other groups including between 2000 and 3000 Arab fighters in Osama bin Laden's 055 Brigade.
On 10 September, the Bush Administration agreed to plan to oust the Taliban should they refuse to hand over Osama Bin Laden. Following the September 11 attacks, on 14 September, the United States demanded that the Taliban surrender all known al-Qaeda associates, provide intelligence on bin Laden and his affiliates, and expel all terrorists from Afghanistan.
On 7 October, after the Taliban failed to hand over bin Laden, the United States began their bombing campaign, and over the next month Northern Alliance forces, supported by US Special Forces and airstrikes, advanced across the country, capturing several key cities.
On 12 November, a brief battle took place on Shamali Plain between the Taliban and the Northern Alliance north of Kabul. For two years during the Afghan Civil War the frontline had been stalemated here, but with the Taliban demoralized by the fall of the northern cities, under constant attack by American air support, and fearing encirclement, they fell back to Kabul following just three hours of fighting, opening the road to the city. Following the battle, the Taliban forces in Kabul evacuated the city, emptying the national treasury but in their haste leaving behind weapons and other possessions.
Fall of Kabul
Discussions had been held between the Northern Alliance and various foreign governments, including the United States, Britain, and Pakistan, about the possible seizure of Kabul, with the American Secretary of State Colin Powell expressing that the foreign governments would prefer the alliance invest the city and not seize it, in order to improve the ability to form a broad and successful post-war government. The response to this pressure varied; some spokesmen agreed to this, while others suggested that they would push on to Kabul and on 12 November, as alliance forces neared the city, the British Prime Minister Tony Blair expressed his expectation that alliance commanders would honour their commitment and not seize the city.
Initially the alliance held back from the city, with security guards being seen holding back armour and truckloads of infantry, but this pause was short-lived, and the alliance proved unable or unwilling to prevent their forces from entering the city.
Aftermath
With the fall of the city, there were some incidents of vengeance against the Taliban; the BBC's John Simpson reported hearing chants of "kill the Taliban" from the inhabitants of Kabul as he entered the city, with many Taliban fighters, particularly foreign fighters from the Arab Peninsula and Pakistan, being lynched and left in ditches while others were beaten with rifles and fists after their capture.
The liberation from the Taliban also resulted in the practice of behaviours formerly prohibited; the "great Afghan passion" of kite flying, which the Taliban had tried to stamp out, was taken up again, music was played, and young men lined up at street barbers to cut off the beard the Taliban had forced them to wear – though most would choose to keep it.
The fall of the city to the alliance did bring concerns about the long-lasting stability in the country. The alliance primarily consisted of minority ethnic groups within Afghanistan; Uzbeks, Tajiks, and Hazaras, while the Taliban was dominated by the majority ethnic group, the Pashtuns, and it was feared that the seizure of the city would make it more difficult to form a broad and inclusive coalition that would bring stability to the nation, particularly if the Taliban position in the south did not collapse and they continued to fight on as a guerrilla force.
References
Afghanistan conflict (1978–present)
2001 in Afghanistan
Conflicts in 2001
History of Kabul
2001 in Kabul
Battles of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)
Military operations of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021) involving the United States
November 2001 events in Asia
Battles in 2001 |
Greg Estandia (born November 18, 1982 in Moorpark, California) is a former American football tight end. He was originally signed by the Cincinnati Bengals as an undrafted free agent in 2006. He played college football at Nevada-Las Vegas.
Estandia has also played for the Jacksonville Jaguars.
External links
Jacksonville Jaguars bio
UNLV Rebels bio
1982 births
Living people
American football tight ends
UNLV Rebels football players
Cincinnati Bengals players
Jacksonville Jaguars players
Cleveland Browns players
People from Moorpark, California
Players of American football from Ventura County, California |
Ram Chandra Pokhrel (also Pokharel) (born January 1, 1945) is a politician and journalist in Nepal. He is affiliated with the Nepali Congress party. He is the eldest son of veteran freedom fighter Govardhan Sharma Pokhrel. Pokhrel is a current member of Constituent Assembly and Former Chief Party Secretary of Nepali Congress.
Pokhrel has been heavily involved in the democratic movement and arrested on many occasions. He served as the chairman of the District Development Committee (DDC), Tanahu district from 1992 to 1997. He was elected council member of Vyas municipality—9 Tanahu, Nepal in 1999. In 1968 he founded and served as the principal of the Nirmal high school in Damauli, Tanahun. Until recently, he served a member secretary of the Central Publicity Department in the Nepali Congress Party and member of Foreign Relation Committee. He is older brother of Dr. Jagadish Chandra Pokharel, former vice chairman of the national planning commission of Nepal. HMG NPC. He is also the founding general secretary of the federation of district development committees.
Journalism career
From 1973 to 1980 he worked at a journalist for the national news agency in Nepal, the RSS. He interviewed several prominent individuals, among them Indian Prime Minister, Indira Gandhi in New Delhi (1980). Junko Tabei, the first woman to climb Mt. Everest and Nobel Peace Prize winner Mother Teresa in Kathmandu.
Political arrests
Pre-1990
Pokhrel was jailed for over three-and-a-half years by different regimes (total). His first jail time began, when he was barely 17 years old in 1960. King Mahendr'a regime put him behind bars for 18 months without any hearing, when Pokhrel protested again the dissolution of first democratically elected government of B.P. Koirala. Pokhrel has been arrested over 50 times in different occasions.
Pokhrel boycotting the elections to the Rastriya Panchyat 1981; Civil disobedience movement 1986; Led the Mass movement for democracy in Tanahun (1990).
After 2002
During the peaceful mass movements led by seven party alliance against the regressive royal move of oct 4 2002, led the mass movement in the district of Tanahun, beaten, arrested and put into custody by the police during protest rallies against the royal government.
Arrested while staging protest on April 9, 2006 during the last and decisive movement at Balaju the western part of metro Kathmandu and put into police detention camp at Maharajgunj. The administration issued an order for three months' detention to all 200 held there arrested at different parts of the capital city.
Ram Chandra Pokhrel is current Chief Party Secretary of Nepali Congress.
District Development Committee
As the Chairman of the District Development Committee, he was involved in several major development projects in Tanahun after the restoration of democracy. Prominent among them, Literacy campaign raised literacy from 39% to 63% in the district in five years. Connected all village development committees by road. Increased grain production from 70,000 metric tons to more than 100,000 metric tons per year. Increased vegetable production from 3,000 metric tons to 18,000 metric tons per year attaining self-sufficiency. The district introduced off-season vegetables including cucumbers and cauliflower.
During his tenure, his district Tanahun was recognized as "model district".
Publications
Pokhrel has published eight books, two in the process of publication and he has published over 200 articles. His publication primarily focuses on democratic values/social justice, democratic socialism and local development.
Political books:
Democratic Socialism
Biography of B. P. Koirala, 1983
Novels:
Yo Juni ko Bhet, 1977
Deep Rekha, 1983
Ukali Ra Orali
Das Limbuwan
Magar Jati ko Aitihasik Parichaya
References
External links
Arrest news:
Leading Protest
Detention
Arrested: Asia Human Right Commission
Others:
Participation in Asia and Pacific Region Socialist International Convention, 2008
Radio Dovaan, Washington DC, USA Interview 2006
Everest Radio, Texas, USA Interview 2006
1945 births
Living people
Nepalese political journalists
Nepali Congress politicians from Gandaki Province |
Daddy's Girl is an opera by composer Olli Kortekangas and librettist Michael Baran. It was commissioned by the Savonlinna Opera Festival and the Finnish Parliament, and premiered in Savonlinna in 2007. A new production of the work was staged at the Finnish National Opera in 2009.
Sources
MusicWeb International (January 2009). Interview: Olli Kortekangas
Tiikkaja, Samuli (February 2007). "Olli Kortekangas composes a celebratory opera Ordinary people and big emotions". Finnish Music Quarterly
Finnish-language operas
2007 operas
Operas set in Finland
Operas
Operas by Olli Kortekangas |
Annabella is a townland near Mallow, County Cork in Ireland. Some sources give the townland's Irish name as Eanach-bile, and translate it as "marsh of the sacred tree [bile]". Other sources dispute this derivation as a back-formed neologism. Mallow railway station (built c.1845) lies within Annabella townland.
References
Notes
Mallow, County Cork |
```c
/**
* @license Apache-2.0
*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
#include "stdlib/stats/base/smaxabssorted.h"
#include "stdlib/math/base/assert/is_nanf.h"
#include <stdint.h>
#include <math.h>
/**
* Computes the maximum absolute value of a sorted single-precision floating-point strided array.
*
* @param N number of indexed elements
* @param X sorted input array
* @param stride stride length
* @return output value
*/
float stdlib_strided_smaxabssorted( const int64_t N, const float *X, const int64_t stride ) {
float v1;
float v2;
if ( N <= 0 ) {
return 0.0f / 0.0f; // NaN
}
if ( N == 1 || stride == 0 ) {
return X[ 0 ];
}
if ( stride < 0 ) {
v1 = X[ (1-N) * stride ];
v2 = X[ 0 ];
} else {
v1 = X[ 0 ];
v2 = X[ (N-1) * stride ];
}
if ( stdlib_base_is_nanf( v1 ) || stdlib_base_is_nanf( v2 ) ) {
return 0.0f / 0.0f; // NaN
}
v1 = fabsf( v1 );
v2 = fabsf( v2 );
if ( v1 > v2 ) {
return v1;
}
return v2;
}
``` |
Anurag Singh Thakur (born 24 October 1974) is an Indian politician from the Bharatiya Janata Party and a Member of Parliament in the Lok Sabha from Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh. He is the current Minister of Sports, Youth Affairs and Minister of Information and Broadcasting in the Second Modi ministry. His father, Prem Kumar Dhumal was a former Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh.
Previously, Thakur served as a Minister of State for Finance and Corporate Affairs. He was first elected to the Lok Sabha in May 2008 in a by poll as a candidate of the Bharatiya Janata Party. Coming from a political family of Himachal Pradesh, he is a long serving, four time Member of Parliament, being a member of 14th, 15th, 16th, and 17th Lok Sabha.
Previously, he was the president of the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) from May 2015 to February 2017, and had to leave that position after the Supreme Court order on BCCI governance.
During his time as bcci president he operated for some time from West Bengal. On July 29, 2016, he became the first serving Member of Parliament from the BJP to become a regular commissioned officer in the Territorial Army.
He was involved in a legal struggle between the Himachal Pradesh State Government and the Himachal Pradesh Cricket Association over the rights to the International Cricket Stadium at Dharamshala. There was also controversy over his appointment as the president of the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) and he had to leave that position following a Supreme Court order.
Early life and education
Thakur was born on 24 October 1974 in Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh and his family belongs to the Hindu Rajput community. He is the younger son of Prem Kumar Dhumal and Sheela Devi. His father, Prem Kumar Dhumal was a former Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh. He has done his bachelors B.A. degree from Doaba College, Jalandhar, Punjab. He did his schooling from Dayanand model sr. sec. school, Dayanand nagar, Jalandhar.
Political career
In May 2008, Thakur succeeded his father when he was elected as Member of Parliament of India's 14th Lok Sabha from Hamirpur constituency. He was re-elected to the 15th Lok Sabha in 2009, 16th Loksabha in 2014, and 17th Loksabha in 2019. Later, in 2010 Thakur was appointed the national president of Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha.
January 19, 2019 he became the first Bharatiya Janata Party MP to be awarded the Sansad Ratna Award, an award established in 2010 for recognizing contributions by parliamentarians.
Minister
In May 2019, Thakur became Minister of State for Finance and Corporate Affairs.
On 7 July 2021, Thakur was appointed as the Minister of Youth Affairs and Sports and Minister of Information & Broadcasting. in the Second Modi ministry as part of changes in the Union Council of Ministers.
Goli Maro chants
In the 2020 Delhi elections, he was accused of being one of the leaders who incited communal tension in Delhi using the inflammatory slogan "traitors of the country", to which his audience replied "shoot the bastards", which were repeated by him in January 2020 at a BJP rally. On being questioned about the statements by the media on March 1, 2020, he responded by saying, "You are lying, ... the matter is sub-judice." and “I think sometimes there is lack of information in the media too regarding the way some things are projected.”.
The Election Commission of India ordered that Thakur be removed from the BJP's list of star campaigners and then imposed a 72 hour campaigning ban on him. Following Thakur's speech, at least three incidents were reported in which Anti-CAA protestors were fired upon.
Cricket career
Professional player
Anurag Thakur played a Ranji Trophy match against Jammu & Kashmir in November 2000 when he was the president of HPCA. He has played one match in first-class cricket representing Himachal Pradesh and leading the team as captain in a match against Jammu and Kashmir in the 2000/2001 season. Jammu and Kashmir won by 4 wickets. He "picked himself" for the match so as to fulfill the BCCI criterion (which requires state administrators to have at least one first-class match experience) for becoming a selector at the state level. After the match, he appointed himself as the chairman of selectors of HPCA Ranji trophy cricket team.
This debut was his one and only first-class cricket match. This experience in first-class cricket enabled his induction into the BCCI national junior selection committee, satisfying the condition that only first-class players could be national selectors.
Administrative head
Thakur served as the president of the Himachal Pradesh Cricket Association for four straight terms since 2000. His tenure saw development of five stadium in Himachal Pradesh including the stadium in Dharamsala.
He was the president of the Board of Control for Cricket of India order on 02/01/2017. Early on in his administrative tenure, he gained fame for possibly being the first cricketer to have made his first-class debut after taking over as the president of the Himachal Pradesh Cricket Association (HPCA) in July 2000.
Appointment as BCCI president
Thakur rose through the ranks in cricketing administration bodies to the position of secretary for BCCI. On 22 May 2016, Thakur became the president of BCCI, but his tenure was cut short when the Supreme Court of India ruled on the Lodha Committee's third status report, submitted on 14 November 2016, asking for the disqualification of office-bearers of the BCCI and all state associations, who became ineligible as per the Apex Court's 18 July 2016 order.
The court dismissed Thakur on 2 January 2017 for defying its 2016 order to implement the Lodha Committee reforms. It also initiated contempt proceedings against Thakur for what it prima facie deemed as perjury about his correspondence with the International Cricket Council. He submitted an affidavit of apology to the court which was rejected, following which he filed an unconditional and unequivocal apology. The court finally relented and dropped its contempt and perjury proceedings against him.
Personal life
Thakur married Shefali Thakur, daughter of Gulab Singh Thakur, former Minister in the Government of Himachal Pradesh, on 27 November 2002.
Territorial Army
In July 2016, Anurag Thakur became a part of the territorial army, becoming the first serving BJP Member of Parliament to become a TA Officer. He has been promoted to the rank of captain.
References
External links
1974 births
Living people
Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Himachal Pradesh
India MPs 2004–2009
India MPs 2009–2014
Lok Sabha members from Himachal Pradesh
India MPs 2014–2019
Indian cricket administrators
Himachal Pradesh cricketers
Presidents of the Board of Control for Cricket in India
People from Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh
India MPs 2019–present
National Democratic Alliance candidates in the 2019 Indian general election
Narendra Modi ministry |
```javascript
import { UndefinedParserError } from "../common/errors.js";
import { getSupportInfo } from "../main/support.js";
import inferParser from "../utils/infer-parser.js";
import normalizeOptions from "./normalize-options.js";
import {
getParserPluginByParserName,
getPrinterPluginByAstFormat,
initParser,
initPrinter,
} from "./parser-and-printer.js";
const formatOptionsHiddenDefaults = {
astFormat: "estree",
printer: {},
originalText: undefined,
locStart: null,
locEnd: null,
};
// Copy options and fill in default values.
async function normalizeFormatOptions(options, opts = {}) {
const rawOptions = { ...options };
if (!rawOptions.parser) {
if (!rawOptions.filepath) {
throw new UndefinedParserError(
"No parser and no file path given, couldn't infer a parser.",
);
} else {
rawOptions.parser = inferParser(rawOptions, {
physicalFile: rawOptions.filepath,
});
if (!rawOptions.parser) {
throw new UndefinedParserError(
`No parser could be inferred for file "${rawOptions.filepath}".`,
);
}
}
}
const supportOptions = getSupportInfo({
plugins: options.plugins,
showDeprecated: true,
}).options;
const defaults = {
...formatOptionsHiddenDefaults,
...Object.fromEntries(
supportOptions
.filter((optionInfo) => optionInfo.default !== undefined)
.map((option) => [option.name, option.default]),
),
};
const parserPlugin = getParserPluginByParserName(
rawOptions.plugins,
rawOptions.parser,
);
const parser = await initParser(parserPlugin, rawOptions.parser);
rawOptions.astFormat = parser.astFormat;
rawOptions.locEnd = parser.locEnd;
rawOptions.locStart = parser.locStart;
const printerPlugin = parserPlugin.printers?.[parser.astFormat]
? parserPlugin
: getPrinterPluginByAstFormat(rawOptions.plugins, parser.astFormat);
const printer = await initPrinter(printerPlugin, parser.astFormat);
rawOptions.printer = printer;
const pluginDefaults = printerPlugin.defaultOptions
? Object.fromEntries(
Object.entries(printerPlugin.defaultOptions).filter(
([, value]) => value !== undefined,
),
)
: {};
const mixedDefaults = { ...defaults, ...pluginDefaults };
for (const [k, value] of Object.entries(mixedDefaults)) {
if (rawOptions[k] === null || rawOptions[k] === undefined) {
rawOptions[k] = value;
}
}
if (rawOptions.parser === "json") {
rawOptions.trailingComma = "none";
}
return normalizeOptions(rawOptions, supportOptions, {
passThrough: Object.keys(formatOptionsHiddenDefaults),
...opts,
});
}
export default normalizeFormatOptions;
export { formatOptionsHiddenDefaults };
``` |
Tekla Structures is a building information modeling software able to model structures that incorporate different kinds of building materials, including steel, concrete, timber and glass. Tekla allows structural drafters and engineers to design a building structure and its components using 3D modeling, generate 2D drawings and access building information. Tekla Structures was formerly known as Xsteel (X as in X Window System, the foundation of the Unix GUI).
Features
Tekla Structures is used in the construction industry for steel and concrete detailing, precast and cast in-situ. The software enables users to create and manage 3D structural models in concrete or steel, and guides them through the process from concept to fabrication. The process of shop drawing creation is automated. It is available in different configurations and localized environments.
Tekla Structures is known to support large models with multiple simultaneous users, but is regarded as relatively expensive, complex to learn and fully utilize. It competes in the BIM market with AutoCAD, Autodesk Revit, DProfiler and Digital Project, Lucas Bridge, PERICad and others. Tekla Structures is Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) compliant.
Modeling scopes within Tekla Structures includes Structural Steel, Cast-in-Place (CIP), Concrete, Reinforcing Bar, Miscellaneous Steel and Light Gauge Drywall Framing. The transition of Xsteel to Tekla Structures in 2004 added significant more functionality and interoperability. It is often used in conjunction with Autodesk Revit, where structural framing is designed in Tekla and exported to Revit using the DWG/DXF formats.
Applications
Engineers have used Tekla Structures to model stadiums, offshore structures,pipe rack structures, plants, factories, residential buildings, bridges and skyscrapers. Tekla Structures was used in the construction design for various projects around the world, including:
Grandstand Replacement, Daytona International Speedway (USA)
Frontstretch Grandstands, Daytona International Speedway (USA)
Denver International Airport Expansion (USA)
San Jose Earthquakes Stadium (USA)
BB&T Ballpark (Charlotte, USA)
Spillway Replacement, Manitoba Hydro (USA)
National Stadium Roof, Singapore Sports Hub (Singapore)
Red Bear Student Center, University of Saskatchewan (Canada)
Troja Bridge (Prague)
Tesco Supermarket (Sheringham, UK)
Baylor University Stadium (Australia)
Canopée des Halles, Forum des Halles (Paris, France)
Sutter Medical Center (California, USA)
Expansion, Chennai International Airport (India)
Dongdaemun Design Plaza (Seoul)
Capital Gate (Abu Dhabi)
Midfield Terminal Complex, Abu Dhabi Airport (Abu Dhabi)
King Abdullah Financial District (Saudi Arabia)
King Abdulaziz Center for World Culture (Saudi Arabia)
National Museum of Qatar (Qatar)
Hilton Garden Inn (UAE)
Puuvilla Shopping Centre (Finland)
College Football Hall of Fame (Atlanta, GA)
Tekla Structures was used extensively for the steel design of Capital Gate at Abu Dhabi, UAE. Files exported from Tekla facilitated faster steel fabrication. One of the architects, Jeff Schofield, stated that "it was the right time in history and we had the right technology to make this happen".
The Manitoba Hydro Spillway Replacement was designed using Tekla Structures to "successfully model and co-ordinate its design", a project that won the TEKLA 2012 North American BIM Award for "Best Concrete Project". It was the "first hydroelectric project that has seen steel, concrete, and rebar fully detailed using Tekla Structures".
See also
Comparison of CAD editors for CAE
References
Computer-aided design software
Building information modeling |
Jane Howlett is an Australian politician, who has been a Liberal member of the Tasmanian Legislative Council for the division of Prosser since 2018.
After Peter Gutwein became Premier in January 2020, Howlett was promoted to his cabinet as Minister for Sport and Recreation and Minister for Racing. After the 2021 Tasmanian state election in May 2021, she was additionally appointed Minister for Small Business and Minister for Women in the Second Gutwein Ministry. A reshuffle of the cabinet on 17 February 2022 resulted in Howlett also becoming Minister for Disability Services, Minister for Hospitality and Events, but losing the sports portfolio to Nic Street. However, a week later on 25 February, Howlett resigned from the cabinet, citing "personal reasons after the death of her brother", who died the day the Second Gutwein Ministry was sworn in. She has stated she would remain a member of parliament. Her portfolios were taken over by Madeleine Ogilvie later that week.
References
Living people
Members of the Tasmanian Legislative Council
Liberal Party of Australia members of the Parliament of Tasmania
21st-century Australian politicians
21st-century Australian women politicians
Women members of the Tasmanian Legislative Council
Year of birth missing (living people) |
```assembly
;;
;; Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
;; modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
;; met:
;;
;; * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
;; notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
;; * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
;; copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
;; in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
;; distribution.
;; * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
;; contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
;; this software without specific prior written permission.
;;
;; THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
;; "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
;; LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
;; A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
;; OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
;; SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
;; LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
;; DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
;; THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
;; (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
;; OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
;;
;; typedef void (*PushAllRegistersCallback)(SafePointBarrier*, ThreadState*, intptr_t*);
;; extern "C" void pushAllRegisters(SafePointBarrier*, ThreadState*, PushAllRegistersCallback)
.CODE
pushAllRegisters PROC
push 0
push rsi
push rdi
push rbx
push rbp
push r12
push r13
push r14
push r15
;; Pass the two first arguments unchanged (rcx, rdx)
;; and the stack pointer after pushing callee-saved
;; registers to the callback.
mov r9, r8
mov r8, rsp
call r9
;; Pop the callee-saved registers. None of them were
;; modified so no restoring is needed.
add rsp, 72
ret
pushAllRegisters ENDP
END
``` |
Victoria Hill is an actress.
Victoria Hill may also refer to:
Victoria Blyth Hill (born 1945), American art conservator
Victoria Hill, location in New Westminster, Canada
Victoria Hill, Queensland, a locality in the Toowoomba and Southern Downs Region, Australia
Victoria Hill (Riverside County), United States
See also
Mount Victoria (disambiguation)
Victoria Peak (disambiguation)
Victoria (disambiguation)
Hill (disambiguation) |
Saleboda is a village in Karlskrona Municipality, Blekinge County, southeastern Sweden. According to the 2005 census it had a population of 120 people.
Populated places in Karlskrona Municipality |
George Lafayette Crenshaw (c. 1854 – February 18, 1937) was an American real estate developer and banker who help developed several upscale residential developments in mid-city Los Angeles and Southern Los Angeles neighborhoods in the early 1900s including Lafayette Square and Wellington Square. He was the owner of C.H. Brown Banking Company in Missouri and the Crenshaw Security Company in Los Angeles, California.
Biography
After the First World War, Los Angeles was a town that was looking for an uptick in population. Around the turn of the twentieth century, there was a large oil boom in southern California. Between the extraordinary climate that California had to offer and the rich resources that provided jobs in the oil and agricultural industries, the state experienced great population booms. In Los Angeles, Crenshaw invested in and oversaw ten residential real estate ventures to help satiate the growth; one of the new wealthy neighborhoods would become Wellington Square and Lafayette Square in Los Angeles.
"A man who left an indelible impression upon his adopted city was George L. Crenshaw, the real estate pioneer who died here Wednesday. His name will continue to be known because of the designation of the great boulevard in the West End area. His contributions to the (sic) upbuilding of Los Angeles from the time of his arrival here in 1905 were unceasing. He was one of a dwindling group of early-day real estate leaders whose monuments are the homes of countless thousands. They did much to acquaint the world with the attractions of Southern California. Mr. Crenshaw deserves a place in the front rank of those developers. They formed the bone and sinew of a metropolis."
Legacy
The Crenshaw district of Los Angeles and its principal thoroughfare, Crenshaw Boulevard and Destination Crenshaw bear his name.
References
LaFayette Square Historic Preservation Overlay Zone; LaFayette Organization; 2011
American real estate businesspeople
American bankers
History of Los Angeles
1850s births
1937 deaths |
```c
/*
*
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are
* permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
*
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of
* conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of
* conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
* with the distribution.
*
* 3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its contributors may be used to
* endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written
* permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS
* OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
* MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
* COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE
* GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
* AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
* NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
* OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
struct test {
int a;
int b;
};
struct b {
struct test first;
struct test second;
};
int main() {
struct b xxx = { { 2, 3 }, { 4, 6 } };
return xxx.first.a + xxx.first.b; // + xxx.second.a + xxx.second.b;
}
``` |
Kalikapatadi is a dance mostly performed in West Bengal state of India. It is commonly known as the Folk Dance of Howrah District.
This form is based on stories of Lord Shiva. Most of the dance is on account of killing of evil by Shiva and then cooling his anger.
Dances of India
Culture of West Bengal |
Corculla District is one of ten districts of the province Paucar del Sara Sara in Peru.
References |
George E. "Chip" Campsen III (born March 30, 1959) is a Republican member of the South Carolina Senate, representing the 43rd District since 2004. Previously, he was a member of the South Carolina House of Representatives from 1996 through 2002. He was the only state senator that voted against the Base Load Review Act in 2004 that led to the failure of the VC Summer Nuclear Project expansion.
In June 2023, Campsen endorsed Tim Scott in the 2024 United States presidential election.
References
External links
https://www.scvotes.gov/cgi-bin/scsec/r1
https://www.scstatehouse.gov/member.php?code=0302272691&session=112
https://ballotpedia.org/George_Campsen#Biography
https://justfacts.votesmart.org/candidate/biography/11920/chip-campsen-iii
Republican Party South Carolina state senators
Republican Party members of the South Carolina House of Representatives
1959 births
Living people
21st-century American politicians |
The Opalescent River is a river in Essex County, New York. It is both a tributary of and the longest source of the Hudson River. Part of the river is designated by New York State as a Wild River in the Wild, Scenic, and Recreational Rivers system.
Course
Opalescent River has its source on the west side of Little Marcy Mountain, at over in elevation. After nearly two miles, Feldspar Brook—which itself originates from Lake Tear of the Clouds—converges with the Opalescent. The river then passes through Flowed Lands, and 11 miles later reaches Calamity Brook, at which point the stream becomes cartographically known as the Hudson River.
The 11-mile stretch from Flowed Lands to the confluence with the Hudson River is designated a New York State Wild River by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC).
History
In the 1800s, David Henderson, the owner of an iron vein, thought to dam the Opalescent River to run water past his blast furnaces. The dam was eventually built, but only after Henderson died in a gunshot accident while scouting locations for the dam. The dam diverted water to Calamity Brook (named after the aforementioned accident) until 1984, when it was broken by the DEC over safety concerns.
In 2015, the DEC purchased the 6,200 acre MacIntyre East Tract (which contains seven miles of the lower part of Opalescent River) from The Nature Conservancy for $4.2 million. This acquisition gave more access to visitors for wilderness paddling, as well as opening up the shores to picnicking, fishing, and camping.
In 2018, the DEC proposed the creation of three parking areas along the upper Hudson River with put-ins and take-outs for paddlers, including one near the confluence of the Opalescent River and the Hudson River.
References
Rivers of New York (state)
Rivers of Essex County, New York
Tributaries of the Hudson River |
The 1926 Nova Scotia hurricane (also known as the 1926 Great August Gale) was one of the deadliest Canadian hurricanes in the 20th century. The second tropical cyclone and second hurricane of the season, the storm developed from a trough situated well east of the Leeward Islands on July 29. Over the next few days, it moved west-northwest, becoming a tropical storm by July 31. The cyclone turned to the northwest on August 1 and began strengthening rapidly, reaching hurricane intensity by the early afternoon. The next day, it became a major hurricane—equivalent to Category 3 intensity on the modern-day Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale. Over the next few days, the storm's track varied between north-northwest and northwest. Early on August 5, it peaked with winds of . The hurricane then began weakening as it curved northward. The storm began losing tropical characteristics while approaching Atlantic Canada, transitioning into an extratropical cyclone on August 8. The remnants soon made landfall near Port Hawkesbury, Nova Scotia, with winds of , before being last noted over Newfoundland later that day.
The hurricane produced sustained winds of on Bermuda while passing about west of the island, but left minimal impact. In Atlantic Canada, the cyclone sank several ships and boats offshore Nova Scotia, including the schooners Sylvia Mosher and Sadie Knickle. A total of 55–58 deaths occurred, including at least 49 from those two ships crashing ashore Sable Island. On land, the storm downed trees and electrical poles in Nova Scotia, damaging some homes and leaving telephone service outages. Crops and fruit trees were also damaged. High winds interrupted telegraph communications in Newfoundland. Despite the number of fatalities, little was done to mitigate for a tropical cyclone prior to the hurricane in August 1927, which caused more than three times as many deaths.
Meteorological history
According to the Atlantic hurricane database, a trough situated more than east of the Leeward Islands developed into a tropical depression around 12:00 UTC on July 29. The cyclone initially moved west-northwestward and strengthened, becoming a tropical storm by 00:00 UTC on July 31. On August 1, the cyclone turned northwestward and began strengthening rapidly. Based on ship reports of hurricane force and near-hurricane-force winds, it estimated the storm intensified into a Category 1 hurricane by 18:00 UTC. Early on August 2, the system intensified into a Category 2 hurricane. At 12:00 UTC, the cyclone became a major hurricane—with winds of at least —equivalent to Category 3 intensity on the modern-day Saffir–Simpson scale. Around that time, a ship recorded a barometric pressure of – the lowest known pressure in association with the storm. However, no ships entered the eye of the hurricane and sampled the lowest pressure in the storm.
Over the next few days, the track of the hurricane varied between north-northwest and northwest. After becoming a Category 3 hurricane on August 2, the hurricane may have maintained sustained winds of for about three days, before wind increased slightly further to , an estimate made based on the pressure–wind relationship. It curved to the north and weakened to a Category 2 before passing about west of Bermuda on August 6. Around 00:00 UTC on August 8, the storm weakened into a Category 1 hurricane and transitioned into an extratropical cyclone about six hours later. Shortly before 12:00 UTC, the extratropical remnants of the hurricane made landfall near Port Hawkesbury, Nova Scotia, with winds of , and continued northeastward until being last noted over southwestern Newfoundland around 18:00 UTC.
Preparations
Due to the possibility of gale-force winds occurring just offshore Maine, storm warnings were issued between Portland and Eastport. Shipping ahead of the hurricane received repeated warnings broadcast by both American and Canadian weather officials. However, the majority of fishing vessels in Atlantic Canada in this period did not have radios, leaving the large fishing fleet on the offshore banks unaware of the approaching disaster.
Impact
The system produced winds of on Bermuda as it passed very close to that island. About this time, five ocean liners near each other encountered the storm; some portholes on the Orca were damaged and 15 passengers were treated for cuts, bruises, and contusions. Off Nova Scotia, the cyclone produced an unspecified number of casualties, including the sinking of the schooners Sylvia Mosher and Sadie Knickle. Five people died and one other person was injured after the Norwegian steamer Ringhord capsized near Scatarie Island. One person also drowned after the Edith Newhall sank. Many other boats and ships in and near Nova Scotia capsized or ran aground, including 11 ships at New Harbour, 2 motorboats at Mosher's Head, another motorboat at Spectacle Island, and several at the Chester harbor. Additionally, at least nine small boats, four schooners, a skiff, and several other vessels were wrecked in Newfoundland and Labrador. Overall, between 55 and 58 deaths occurred at sea, including 49 from the Sylvia Mosher and the Sadie Knickle crashing ashore Sable Island.
On land, the storm extensively damaged fruit trees and crops in some areas of Nova Scotia, especially in Truro. Several homes were left without telephone service in Chester after lightning struck several poles. A few homes were damaged by lightning in the town, while a home and a shed were destroyed by lightning in Kemptville. High winds in Newfoundland also interrupted telegraph communications. In New Brunswick, of rainfall was observed Fredericton, the highest precipitation total recorded from the hurricane.
With at least 55 fatalities, the hurricane was the deadliest in Canada since a hurricane in 1900. The system also ranks as the third deadliest Canadian tropical cyclone of the 20th century, behind only a hurricane in 1927 and the remnants of Hurricane Hazel in 1954. After the storm, Lunenburg Progress Enterprise publisher William Duff was one of few people calling for schooners to be supplied with transmission and receiving radio equipment, while there were a few requests for a rescue ship to be stationed at the fishing banks on standby should other ships become distressed. However, little was done to improve mitigation prior to the hurricane in August 1927. In Nova Scotia, the families of the victims of the storm received monetary compensation via the Workplace Safety & Insurance Board. The agency became severely depleted of funds, leading the board to announce a 5% increase in insurance rates for the fishing industry. Captains and vessel owners responded by threatening to go on strike, forcing the board to reverse their decision.
See also
List of Canada hurricanes
1927 Nova Scotia hurricane
Hurricane Bill (2009)
Hurricane Earl (2010)
References
External links
Best Track data on the 1926 Hurricane
Canadian Hurricane Centre
Nova Scotia Hurricane
Category 3 Atlantic hurricanes
Hurricanes in Canada
Nova Scotia Hurricane
1926 in Nova Scotia
Natural disasters in Nova Scotia
1926 disasters in Canada |
Vismia jefensis is a species of flowering plant in the Hypericaceae family. It is found only in Panama. It is threatened by habitat loss.
References
Endemic flora of Panama
Endangered plants
jefensis
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
The future in the past is a grammatical tense where the time reference is in the future with respect to a vantage point that is itself in the past. In English, future in the past is not always considered a separate tense, but rather as either a subcategory of future or past tense and is typically used in narrations of past events:
John left for the front; he would not return until five years later.
The reference point in the past is established by John left for the front, and it is relative to that point that he would not return is in the future.
The future in the past may also be commonly used for indirect speech (She said she would return), and it often has a modal aspect to its meaning.
Besides English, the future in the past is also found in Bulgarian and a number of other languages.
Future perfect in the past
A related, and more complex, tense is the future perfect in the past, which is also known as the conditional perfect. Here, an event is situated before a reference point, which in turn is in the future relative to another point in the past:
John left for the front; by the time he should return, the fields would have been burnt to stubble.
See also
Prospective aspect
References
Bibliography
Grammatical tenses |
```objective-c
#pragma once
#include <base/types.h>
namespace DB
{
using RegionID = UInt32;
using RegionDepth = UInt8;
using RegionPopulation = UInt32;
enum class RegionType : int8_t
{
Hidden = -1,
Continent = 1,
Country = 3,
District = 4,
Area = 5,
City = 6,
};
}
``` |
Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant (, abbreviated , ) also known as CTZ-Uraltrak (ЧТЗ-УРАЛТРАК) is a tractor construction plant in the Russian city of Chelyabinsk.
History
The Chelyabinsk Tractor plant was a project of the first five-year plan. The plant was founded in 1933; the first product was a 60 hp tracked tractor C-60 (Сталинец-60, Stalinets-60) fueled by petroleum ether (Benzine). In 1937 the factory produced its first diesel-powered vehicle C-65 (Сталинец-65, Stalinets-65). By 1940 the plant had produced 100,000 tractors.
During World War II seven other industrial entities (including most of Leningrad's Kirov Plant and 15,000 of its workers) were either wholly or partially relocated to Chelyabinsk, the resulting enterprise commonly known as "Танкоград" ('Tankograd', or 'Tank City'). The work force increased to 60,000 workers by 1944, from 25,000 during non-military production; during the conflict the works produced 18,000 tanks, and 48,500 tank diesel engines as well as over 17 million units of ammunition. Production included the KV tank from 1941, T-34 tank from 1942, KV-85 tank and IS tanks from 1943, and T-34/85 tank and SU-85 self-propelled field gun from 1944 By 1945 the plant had been awarded the Order of Kutuzov, 1st Class, the Order of Lenin, the Order of the Red Star, and other honours for its efforts in helping to defeat Nazi Germany.
Post World War II conventional tractor production resumed with the С-80 (Сталинец-80, Stalinets-80) entering serial production in 1946. The plant reverted to its original name of Chelyabinsk Tractor factory in 1958. In 1961 a tractor with diesel electric transmission entered production: DET-250 (ДЭТ-250). The millionth tractor from CTZ was produced in 1984.
In 1990 a tractor with a hydromechanical transmission system entered production (T-10).
In 2008 the company acquired 100% of amphibious tracked machine building company "Vityaz" (Витязь); both are now part of the Uralvagonzavod holding group which Uraltrak established in association with other companies.
Operations and products
The organisation includes foundry and forging facilities, metal engineering facilities (CNC, lathes, heat treatment) as well as construction and assembly workshops.
As of 2011, Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant produces wheeled and tracked tractors and related modified vehicles, and related parts, as well as tractor engines up to ~ and tank engines up to like th T-14's 12N360.
Since 2010 the company has manufactured fork lifts under license from Bulgarian company Balkancar Record,
The company also produces road tanker vehicles, semi-trailers and pipe installation road vehicles.
By 8 May 2022, due to sanctions imposed after the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, US officials claimed that Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant's tank production had halted, had been made “idle,” due to a lack of imported parts. However the factory claims to have fulfilled an order for an unspecified number of diesel engines in December 2022.
Subsidiaries
Since 2008 Machine engineering company 'Vityaz' (Машиностроительная компания "Витязь") has been a subsidiary of CTZ-Uraltrak. The company produces the Vityaz line of tracked all-terrain vehicles with amphibious capabilities.
Historical products
See also
Stalinets-60 – copy of Caterpillar Sixty
S-65 Stalinets
Omsktransmash – Russian wheeled tractor manufacturer
Traktor Chelyabinsk – ice hockey team
Soviet tank factories
Notes
References
External links
Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant official site
Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant official site
JSC Machine-building Company «Vityaz» company website www.bolotohod.ru
(abstract)
Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant, Photographs, Albert Kahn Associates, 1930s, Canadian Centre for Architecture (digitized items)
Russian brands
Soviet brands
Manufacturing companies of the Soviet Union
Defence companies of the Soviet Union
Companies based in Chelyabinsk
Uralvagonzavod
Construction and civil engineering companies of Russia |
Peter Carl Frederik von Scholten (17 May 1784 – 26 January 1854) was Governor-General of the Danish West Indies from 1827 to 1848.
Early life and education
He was born in Vestervig, Thy, Denmark as the son of captain Casimir Wilhelm von Scholten and Catharina Elisabeth de Moldrup.
Career
As a young man, von Scholten joined the Danish army and in 1803 he was appointed ensign in a unit stationed in the West Indies. He was transported to Great Britain when the British occupied the Danish West Indies in 1807. Peter von Scholten married Anne Elisabeth Thortsen, daughter of Danish army captain Johan Thortsen, on October 31, 1810.
Later, he had a career as an officer in Copenhagen, first as a second lieutenant in the Det Sjællandske Jægerkorps (a Danish Jaeger or rifle regiment) in 1808, promoted to premier lieutenant in 1811, he reached the rank of staff captain in 1813. This ledhis becoming adjutant for Frederick VI of Denmark's general adjudant Frants Cristopher Bülow. He served in this role until 1814 when British occupation of the Danish West Indies ended, and he got his first official position on St. Thomas, as customs toller.
Peter von Scholten continued to advance in the Danish military, becoming major in 1816, lieutenant colonel in 1820, commander of Dannebrog in 1828, and major general in 1829.
In 1827, he became acting governor general of St. Thomas. From 1835 to 1848, he served as governor general for all three islands, Saint Thomas, Saint Croix, and Saint John, giving him overall command of the islands. During this period he showed himself a patriarchal administrator trying to lighten the burden of the slaves and to restrain racial tensions. He did this by creating schools for the black population, as well as permitting them private ownership. (Picture of ruins of Von Scholten school, St. Croix.)
In spite of his relatively liberal attitudes, von Scholten was opposed to Christian VIII of Denmark's ruling that every child born of an unfree woman should be free from birth, as he felt that such an arrangement would cause discontent with serious consequences. When the new policy was brought into effect, he felt himself proven right as a slave rebellion broke out on St. Croix in 1848. Peter von Scholten responded by, on 3 July 1848, emancipating all slaves in the Danish West Indian Islands.
Late years in Denmark and Altona
Shortly thereafter, von Scholten was called back to Denmark. There, a humiliating and hard trial was brought against him, and he was at first denied his pension, although he was later cleared of the charges and acquitted shortly before his death. Von Scholten was the last governor general of the West Indies because of the beginning democratisation of the Danish state and colonial administration.
Peter von Scholten died on 26 January 1854 in Altona, Holstein (present day Germany), leaving little to his heirs. He is buried in Assistens Cemetery, Copenhagen.
Personal life
During his early years on St. Thomas, Peter von Scholten enjoyed a wealthy lifestyle due to his position as customs officer during the surge in trade under the state of war between the nearby Spanish islands and the South American colonial insurgents. He later gained promotion to the position of Governor based on St. Croix. At this time, Peter von Scholten lived with Anna Heegaard (1790–1859), a woman of color. The consensus amongst modern scholars is that Anna Heegaard influenced von Scholten into a policy of more humane treatment of the black population. They bought the country house Bülowsminde. Peter Von Scholten's brother Frederik also served on the West Indian Islands.
Peter von Scholten married Anna Elizabeth (Lise) Thortsen in Copenhagen in 1810. The couple had three daughters.
He owned a property at Bredgade 45 in Copenhagen from 1831 to 1849.
After his return to Denmark he acquired the country house Belvedere in Klampenborg on the coast north of Copenhagen.
Peter von Scholten is buried in Assistens Cemetery in Copenhagen.
Cultural references
His fate has inspired several authors.
Peter von Scholten is portrayed in the Danish 1987 drama film Peter von Scholten. Peter von Scholten is played by Ole Ernst.
Bibliography
C. F. Bricka (editor), Dansk biografisk Lexikon, first edition, 19 volumes, 1887–1905, Vol. XV. Online edition available: http://runeberg.org/dbl/15/ (pages 255 and 256. Numbered as 257 and 258 in the online edition).
References
Slavernes Öer, by Thorkild Hansen
External links
On the Danish abolition of slavery: 3 sources by Von Scholten translated to French by French abolitionist Victor Schoelcher in 1843.
Édit du roi danois Christian VIII du 1er mai 1840
Ordonnance du gouverneur général des Antilles danoises du 7 mai 1838
Deux ordonnances locales signées par le gouverneur général danois Von Scholten entre 1828 et 1848
Danish generals
Governors of the Danish West Indies
1784 births
1854 deaths
People from Thisted Municipality
19th century in the Danish West Indies
19th-century Danish politicians
Abolitionists |
The 2004 Michigan House of Representatives elections were held on November 2, 2004, with partisan primaries to select the parties' nominees in the various districts on August 3, 2004.
Overview
Districts 1-28
Districts 29-55
Districts 56-83
Libertarian Party (US)
Lloyd Sherman
0
0
Districts 84-110
References
House of Representatives
2004
Michigan House of Representatives
November 2004 events in the United States |
The 1983–84 season was Blackpool F.C.'s 76th season (73rd consecutive) in the Football League. They competed in the 24-team Division Four, then the bottom tier of English league football, finishing sixth.
Paul Stewart and Keith Mercer were the club's joint-top goalscorers, with twelve goals apiece.
Table
References
Blackpool F.C.
Blackpool F.C. seasons |
Antiguan and Barbudan passports are issued to nationals of Antigua and Barbuda for international travel. The passport is a CARICOM passport as Antigua and Barbuda is a member of the Caribbean Community.
History
Before Antigua and Barbuda achieved its independence from the United Kingdom in November 1981, the territory was a crown colony, and British territory passports were used.
Physical appearance
The Antiguan and Barbudan passport shares the common design standards of CARICOM passports. The cover is dark blue (for civilians) with the country's coat of arms and country name as well as the CARICOM logo on the front cover.
Visa requirements
In 2009, the Antiguan and Barbudan Government signed a visa waiver agreement with the European Union which allows an Antiguan and Barbudan citizen to visit the Schengen area without a visa for a period of 3 months within any 6-month period following the date of first entry into any EU country.
In 2016, Antiguan and Barbudan passport holders enjoyed visa-free or visa on arrival access (including eTAs) to 134 countries and territories, ranking the passport as the 30th best passport in the world according to the Visa Restrictions Index. Antiguan and Barbudan passport holders may travel to Hong Kong, Singapore, the UK, and Europe, among others, with relative ease and without challenging visa requirements.
citizens of Antigua and Barbuda will need a visa to visit Canada. From that date, any existing electronic travel authorizations (eTAs) issued to a citizen of Antigua and Barbuda will become null and void, and affected individuals who had previously been issued an eTA will no longer be able to use that eTA for the purposes of traveling to Canada.
See also
Caribbean passport
Henley Passport Index
Visa requirements for Antigua and Barbuda citizens
Visa policy of Antigua and Barbuda
References
External links
List of nationals who do need a visa to visit the UK.
List of countries whose passport holders do not require visas to enter Ireland .
Antigua
Government of Antigua and Barbuda |
Jean Desessard (born 6 September 1952) is a French politician and a former member of the Senate of France. He represented Paris and is a member of Europe Ecology – The Greens.
References
Page on the Senate website
1952 births
Living people
French senators of the Fifth Republic
Place of birth missing (living people)
Senators of Paris |
The following is a list of cities in Iran that have undergone a name change in the recent past. Many more however have at least one Ancient and/or other historical name(s).
See also
List of city name changes (worldwide, by country)
List of renamed cities in Armenia
List of renamed cities in Georgia
Cities
Iran, Renamed
Iran geography-related lists
Iran |
Liu Chunhua (born 1 October 1986) is a Chinese javelin thrower. She is a two-time Asian Champion in the event and won gold medals at the National Games of China and East Asian Games in 2009. Her personal best is a throw of 60.65 metres.
Career
Liu began competing in the event as a teenager and in 2003 she threw a best of 58.03 metres. Representing Hunan Province, she was seventh at the 2005 National Games of China. Liu came sixth at the Chinese World Trials in 2007. Although the following year's Chinese championships were held after the 2008 Beijing Olympics, she established herself at a national level by taking the Chinese javelin title in a personal best 59.04 m, finally improving upon her best mark she had set as a sixteen-year-old.
Liu missed the 2009 World Championships in Athletics, but she had a rapid ascent at the regional level that year. She won the national title for a second time and improved her best to 59.55 m on the Chinese Grand Prix circuit. In October she won the javelin at the 2009 National Games of China with another best of 60.65 m. The 2009 Asian Athletics Championships held the next month in Guangzhou brought her another gold medal as she and Li Lingwei took the top two spots for the host nation. Liu threw beyond the 60-metre mark again at December's 2009 East Asian Games to win her third gold on home soil in 2009, while it was Zhang Li who completed the Chinese 1–2 medal sweep on that occasion.
Following a low-key 2010, when she was sixth nationally and had a year's best of 58.49 m, she returned to form in the 2011 outdoor season. Liu equalled her personal best exactly at a Chinese Grand Prix meet in April and continued her regional dominance at the 2011 Asian Athletics Championships, where she won a second consecutive javelin title.
International competitions
National titles
National Games of China
Javelin throw: 2009
References
External links
1986 births
Living people
Athletes from Hunan
Chinese female javelin throwers
World Athletics Championships athletes for China
Asian Athletics Championships winners
21st-century Chinese women |
1918, subtitled "Operation Michel: March 21–30, Germany's Last Chance in the West", is a board wargame published by Simulations Publications Inc. (SPI) in 1970 that simulates Operation Michael, the final German offensive on the Western Front in which they tried to win the war or at least force peace talks before American soldiers started to arrive on the Western Front in force. The game was well received by critics, but did not sell well.
Background
The United States declared war on Germany in 1917, and it was obvious that overwhelming numbers of American soldiers would be arriving in Europe by the latter part of 1918, swinging the defensive stalemate on the Western Front in favor of the Allies. The German High Command knew they had a limited amount of time to somehow force the Allies to come to the negotiating table seeking peace on Germany's terms. The withdrawal of Russia from the war in late 1917 gave Germany this opportunity, as large numbers of German soldiers were transferred from Russia to the Western Front, where they were secretly trained in new infiltration tactics using Stoßtruppen (stormtroopers). Germany unexpectedly launched Operation Michael in March 1918, a major offensive that sought to drive a wedge between the British and French forces. In only seven days, German forces tore a large hole in the Allied lines and advanced 65 km (40 mi), coming within 75 km (45 mi) of Paris. Unless the Allies were able to blunt this attack, it would be a sudden end to the war.
Description
1918 is a two-player wargame in which one player controls the German attacking forces, and the other player controls Allied defenders. The Germans begin with an overwhelming advantage mainly driven by a limited number of Stoßtruppen units; as they advance, supplying the offensive units becomes difficult. The Allied player must give ground and play for time, waiting for an opportunity to resist the offensive.
Components
The original "Test Series" game was packaged in a plain manila envelope and included:
23" x 29" paper hex grid map scaled at 2.8 km (1.8 mi) per hex
a sheet of 255 paper counters (to be cut apart by the players)
a typewritten rule sheet
The second edition of the game featured professionally printed components and die-cut counters, was packaged in a "flatpack" box, and included a small six-sided die.
Gameplay
Turns
1918 uses an "I Go, You Go" alternating system of turns. The German player starts each turn with three phases:
Movement
Combat
Second Movement
The Allied player then has the same phases. This complete one full game turn, which represents one day of game time. Each game lasted ten turns.
Zones of control
Zones of control (ZoC) do not force adjacent units to fight, but a unit cannot move from the ZoC of one enemy unit to the ZoC of another enemy unit. There are two exceptions to this rule:
a German Stoßtruppen can move one hex from one enemy ZoC directly to another enemy ZoC, simulating German "infiltration" techniques. (Since there are two movement phases, it is possible for a Stoßtruppen unit to move from one ZoC to a second on the first movement phases, and then move from the second to a third ZoC on the Second Movement phase.)
Leapfrog Withdrawal: A unit in an enemy ZoC can jump onto an adjacent friendly unit in an enemy ZoC as long as the second unit has not moved in the current Movement phase. As reviewer Charles B. Turner noted, "This is especially useful to the Allied player because [they] will need it repeatedly to save [their] units that have been surrounded by German infiltration.".
Stacking
Only two units may be stacked. Both units can attack, but only one of the units can defend, and only that defending unit is subject to combat results.
Terrain
Difficult terrain (requiring double the cost in movement) is marked on the map, a gray area directly west of the German start line and covering most of the Allied trenches and rear areas. This represents the area deliberately devastated by the Germans as they retreated back to the Hindenburg Line in 1917. Ironically, the German devastation severally impedes their planned offensive.
Supply
An unsupplied unit cannot fight. For any unit to be considered supplied, it needs to be able to draw either a 5-hex line through friendly territory to a road that leads off a friendly edge of the map (called "general supply"), or a 4-hex line through friendly territory to a supply counter. If a unit goes on the attack, it consumes the supply counter, which is removed from the board. The supply counter can't return to the board until the next friendly Movement Phase. If a unit that traces its supply to a supply counter only defends and does not attack, it does not consume the supply counter. The German player will usually have to expend between three and five supply units per turn in order to keep their offense rolling.
Scenarios
The game comes with one historical scenario, as well as 13 "what if?" scenarios that provide various Orders of Battle to shift the numbers and types of units on both sides.
Victory conditions
Historical scenario
At the end of ten turns, the Germans gain
10 points for controlling Arras
15 points for controlling Amiens
5 points for controlling Montdidier
1 point for every German unit that exited off the southern, western or northwestern edges of the map
If the Germans gain 10–25 Victory Points, the German player wins. If they only gain 5–9 points, the game is a draw. If the Germans are limited to less than 5 points, the Allied player wins.
Publication history
In 1969, Avalon Hill dominated the wargame market, producing on average, one game per year with well-produced but expensive components. At the new wargame publisher Poultron Press, co-founder Jim Dunnigan and his design team decided to go in the opposite direction, marketing a number of very cheaply made "Test Series" games to see if producing many games a year could also be a viable business model. These test games featured typewritten pages with hand-drawn maps and graphics and thin paper counter sheets, packaged in a plain manila envelope. 1918, designed by Dunnigan, was the fourteenth of these games, published in 1970, and proved to be one of the more popular of the Test Series.
After receiving positive reviews for the "Test Series" games, SPI reissued several of the games with professionally printed components. This included a second edition of 1918 in 1972 in which several rules were revised based on player and reviewer comments. The second edition was first packaged in a plain white box with a red title ribbon, and then in a "flat pack" box with graphic design by Redmond A. Simonsen, featuring cover art and an integrated plastic counter tray.
The game did not sell well. In a 1976 poll conducted by SPI to determine the most popular board wargames in North America, 1918 was only rated 128th out of 202 games. As Redmond A. Simonsen noted eight years after its publication, "It suffers from being about WWI, being 'old', and not having state-of-the-art graphics and rules."
Reception
In Issue 15 of Albion, Don Turnbull reviewed the "Test Series" edition, packaged in a manila envelope, and noted that the components were a somewhat "less-that-average presentation." However, Turnbull was quite pleased by the game rules, and thought that "the actual play of the game more than compensates for any disadvantage [provided by the components]." He found that "Play itself is absorbing, yet fairly quick," and "The outcome of the game is always in doubt until the final moves, which promises an exciting finish, and all in all the game can provide a very pleasant and interesting afternoon or evening." Turnbull concluded on a positive note, saying, "Another first-class game, and one which we have no hesitation in recommending to readers."
In Issue 3 of the UK magazine Games & Puzzles, (July 1972), game designer Don Turnbull reviewed the Test Series game, and noted that it was not only one of his personal favorites, but it was "one of the most successful early Test Series games." He called it "a most playable game, both face-to-face and by post, and contains some rules which at the time of publication were pure innovations, and which have become the basis for further development since." He concluded it was "Likely to remain popular."
In Issue 7 of Moves, Martin Campion noted, "The second edition demonstrates how greatly improved a game can be by a few minor adjustments in the rules. [...] These rules and a few
others put the punch in the German attack that was missing in the first edition." Campion concluded that the game "should please anyone who wants to explore the German possibilities in 1918."
In his 1977 book The Comprehensive Guide to Board Wargaming, Nick Palmer thought the game did not sell well because "The problem of First World War games is to simulate trench warfare without making things boring, as in the marvellously detailed 1914 [also designed by Jim Dunnigan and published by Avalon Hill in 1968] which was lovely to look at but a dour struggle indeed." However, Palmer believed 1918 provided more opportunity for maneuvering, saying it "gives a good chance of German breakthroughs, the main constraint on rapid advance being supply and the difficulty of getting adequate artillery support."
Writing almost a decade after 1918s original publication, Charles B. Turner admitted the game had not been a bestseller for SPI, saying, "Because 1918 is an older game and because games on World War I have never been particularly popular, 1918 is almost forgotten today. This is unfortunate, for 1918 is quite a good game that is rarely decided until the last turns." After examining the game rules in detail, Turner concluded, "Although some aspects of the game are handled rather abstractedly, 1918 recreates the overall flow of the German Operation Michel offensive quite well. [...] 1918 is a must for anyone interested in World War I or for anyone who is looking for an interesting game of yesteryear."
Other reviews and commentary
Jagdpanther #7
D-Elim Vol.2 #2
International Wargamer Vol.3 #10
The Wargamer Vol.2 #22
References
Board wargames set in Modern history
Jim Dunnigan games
Simulations Publications games
World War I board wargames
Wargames introduced in 1970 |
Juan Vicente Lezcano López (5 April 1937 – 6 February 2012); was a Paraguayan football defender.
Career
Lezcano was born in the neighbourhood of Santísima Trinidad in Asunción, Paraguay, and started his career at Olimpia of Asunción in 1954. He was part of the historical Olimpia team coached by Aurelio González that won five Paraguayan league championships in a row, from 1956 to 1960 and reached the final of the first edition of the Copa Libertadores in 1960, where Olimpia lost against Peñarol of Uruguay. Soon after in 1961, Peñarol signed him and became one of the key players of the Uruguayan club along with other stars such as Alberto Spencer, Pedro Rocha and Ladislao Mazurkiewicz that helped Peñarol win several national and international championships. In 1968, he played for Colón de Santa Fe of Argentina.
Lezcano made 26 appearances for the Paraguay national football team, and was part of the squad that qualified for the 1958 World Cup tournament.
Lezcano's father, Juan Félix Lezcano, was also a Paraguayan international footballer.
References
External links
1937 births
2012 deaths
Footballers from Asunción
Paraguayan men's footballers
Paraguayan expatriate men's footballers
Paraguay men's international footballers
1958 FIFA World Cup players
Club Olimpia footballers
Peñarol players
Club Atlético Colón footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Argentina
Expatriate men's footballers in Uruguay
Paraguayan expatriate sportspeople in Argentina
Paraguayan expatriate sportspeople in Uruguay
Men's association football defenders |
Isfjorden, meaning "ice fjord", may refer to:
Places
Isfjorden (Svalbard), a fjord on the island of Spitsbergen in Svalbard, Norway
Isfjorden (village), a village in Rauma Municipality, Norway
Isfjorden (fjord in Møre og Romsdal), a fjord in Rauma Municipality, Norway
Isfjorden (Troms), a fjord in Kvænangen Municipality, Norway
Isfjord, a fjord in eastern Greenland
Other
, Norwegian cargo and passenger ship in service in the early 20th century
Isfjord Radio in Svalbard
See also
Ice Fjord, South Georgia
Ísafjörður in Iceland |
Charles Joseph Kersten (May 26, 1902 – October 31, 1972) was a U.S. Representative from Wisconsin.
Born in Chicago, Illinois, Kersten graduated from Marquette University College of Law, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in 1925 and was admitted to the bar the same year.
He commenced the practice of law in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in 1928, serving as first assistant district attorney of Milwaukee County from 1937-1943 under District Attorney Herbert Steffes.
Kersten was elected as a Republican to the Eightieth Congress (January 3, 1947 – January 3, 1949) as the representative of Wisconsin's 5th congressional district. He was a close friend of fellow freshman Congressman Richard Nixon.
He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1948 to the Eighty-first Congress.
Kersten was elected to the Eighty-second and Eighty-third Congresses (January 3, 1951 – January 3, 1955) once again representing Wisconsin's 5th district.
He served as chairman of the United States House Select Committee to Investigate Communist Aggression and the Forced Incorporation of the Baltic States into the U.S.S.R. during the Eighty-third Congress.
He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1954, and failed in his bid for renomination in 1956, as of 2018 making him the last Republican to represent Milwaukee in the U.S. Congress. In between these campaigns Kersten briefly served in the Eisenhower administration under Nelson Rockefeller as White House consultant on psychological warfare (1955–1956).
He then resumed his law practice, remaining active in anticommunist circles until his death on October 31, 1972, in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
He was interred in Holy Cross Cemetery.
Sources
External links
Charles J. Kersten Papers
1902 births
1972 deaths
Politicians from Chicago
Politicians from Milwaukee
Marquette University Law School alumni
Wisconsin lawyers
Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Wisconsin
20th-century American politicians
Catholics from Illinois
Catholics from Wisconsin
20th-century American lawyers |
Thomas Sauer (November 11, 1970 — March 24, 2020) was an American mixed martial artist. A professional competitor from 1998 to 2012, he competed for RINGS and the World Fighting Alliance.
Background
A native of Cleveland, Sauer moved with his family to Ocala, Florida in 1981 at the age of 11. From a young age, he began wrestling and karate.
Mixed martial arts career
Early career
Having made his debut in 1998, Sauer quickly moved to 3–0 with a win over Jeff Monson before being handed his first professional defeat at the hands of Travis Fulton.
After five more wins followed by consecutive defeats to Bobby Hoffman and John Dixson, respectively, Sauer began competing for the RINGS promotion.
RINGS
Sauer made his RINGS debut on May 20, 2000, winning via first-round submission. After another win followed by a knockout of Valentijn Overeem, Sauer was defeated via doctor stoppage from a cut against Vladimir Matyushenko.
Sauer would go 6–5 in his next 11 fights before facing off against Enson Inoue at SuperBrawl 35 on April 16, 2004. Sauer won via first-round TKO in arguably the biggest win of his career.
Independent promotions
Sauer went 7–3 in the last ten fights of his career, last defeating Ruben Villareal via first-round submission in 2012.
Personal life
Sauer founded his own gym, "Team Trauma" in 1998 in Ocala, Florida.
Sauer was a firefighter and EMT from 1996 until his retirement in 2019.
Sauer also had his own aluminum construction company in Ocala, FL.
Following his death in 2020, Sauer was inducted into the Florida MMA Hall of Fame.
In his community, he was famous for his big heart as well as strong hands. He constantly and without hesitation helped friends and strangers alike, be it an uplifting conversation, meal, or surprise Christmas gifts. Sauer was happily married to the love of his life, Sherrie Sauer for 10 years with whom he just built his dream home at the unexpected time of his death. Sauer had 4 children and 2 stepchildren who were the pride and joy of his life.
He lived his life with Tourette Syndrome, and made light of the situation often. He would often make an off the wall or humorous statement then say that no one could be upset with him for it because no one would want to pick on the man with Tourette's. Living with the disorder was a struggle for him as a child, but ultimately led him to his professional fighting career. He found peace in the control fighting offered him.
|-
| Win
| align=center| 25–12
| Ruben Villareal
| Submission
| R.F.C. 26: Legends Return
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 0:40
| Ocala, Florida, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 24–12
| Jimmy Ambriz
| TKO (punches)
| AOF 13: Amaya vs. Lawrence
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 4:03
| Estero, Florida, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 23–12
| Liron Wilson
| TKO (punches)
| AOF 7: Payday
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 0:54
| Tampa, Florida, United States
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 22–12
| Marcio Cruz
| TKO (punches)
| AOF 4: Damage
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 3:43
| Tampa, Florida, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 22–11
| Mike Hueser
| Submission (rear-naked choke)
| Southern Fight League: Smoky Mountain Brawl
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 2:52
| Asheville, North Carolina, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 21–11
| Rocky Batastini
| Submission (guillotine choke)
| AOF 2: Rumble at Robarts 2
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 0:17
| Sarasota, Florida, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 20–11
| Matt Thomas
| Submission (armbar)
| WEF: WEF 8
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 2:12
| Kissimmee, Florida, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 19–11
| Leo Sylvest
| TKO (submission to punches)
| CFC 2: Combat Fighting Championship 2
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 0:13
| Orlando, Florida, United States
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 18–11
| Branden Lee Hinkle
| TKO (punches)
| WEF: Sin City
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 2:19
| Las Vegas, Nevada, United States
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 18–10
| Andy Montana
| KO (punch)
| IFC 20: Eve Of Destruction
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 1:29
| Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 18–9
| Enson Inoue
| TKO (punches)
| SB 35: SuperBrawl 35
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 4:14
| Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
|Return to Heavyweight.
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 17–9
| Bill Mahood
| TKO (punches and elbows)
| IFC 17: Battleground Boise
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 3:10
| Boise, Idaho, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 17–8
| Allan Sullivan
| Submission (arm triangle choke)
| IFC 16: Global Domination
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 0:39
| Denver, Colorado, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 16–8
| Sean Gray
| Submission (guillotine choke)
| IFC 16: Global Domination
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 0:46
| Denver, Colorado, United States
|Light Heavyweight debut.
|-
| Win
| align=center| 15–8
| Crafton Wallace
| Submission (rear-naked choke)
| WEFC 3: Shake
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 1:12
| Jacksonville, Florida, United States
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 14–8
| Rodney Glunder
| TKO (doctor stoppage)
| RINGS Holland: One Moment In Time
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 3:52
| Utrecht, Netherlands
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 14–7
| Marvin Eastman
| TKO (elbows)
| WFA 2: Level 2
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 1:35
| Las Vegas, Nevada, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 14–6
| Bill Vucick
| Submission (keylock)
| WEF 12: World Extreme Fighting 12
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 2:30
| Steubenville, Ohio, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 13–6
| Rob Morris
| TKO (submission to punches)
| RSF 6: Mayhem in Myers
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 0:35
| Fort Myers, Florida, United States
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 12–6
| Hiromitsu Kanehara
| TKO (punches)
| RINGS: King of Kings 2000 Block B
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 4:14
| Osaka, Japan
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 12–5
| Andrei Kopylov
| KO (punch)
| RINGS: King of Kings 2000 Block B
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 0:10
| Osaka, Japan
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 11–5
| Aaron Brink
| TKO (punches)
| RINGS USA: Rising Stars Final
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 4:29
| Moline, Illinois, United States
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 11–4
| Vladimir Matyushenko
| TKO (cut)
| WEF: New Blood Conflict
|
| align=center| 2
| align=center| 2:17
|
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 11–3
| Valentijn Overeem
| KO (punches)
| RINGS USA: Rising Stars Block B
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 0:35
| Honolulu, Hawaii
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 10–3
| Mike Dresch
| KO (punches)
| RINGS USA: Rising Stars Block B
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 0:13
| Honolulu, Hawaii
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 9–3
| Alexander Bezroutchkin
| Submission (rear-naked choke)
| RINGS Russia: Russia vs. The World
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 3:30
| Yekaterinburg, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 8–3
| John Dixson
| Submission (heel hook)
| WEF 7: Stomp in the Swamp
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 2:00
| Kenner, Louisiana, United States
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 8–2
| Bobby Hoffman
| Submission (guillotine choke)
| EC 27: Extreme Challenge 27
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 4:46
| Davenport, Iowa, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 8–1
| David Dodd
| TKO (punches)
| EC 27: Extreme Challenge 27
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 2:20
| Davenport, Iowa, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 7–1
| Wade Rome
| Submission (triangle choke)
| WEF 5: World Extreme Fighting 5
|
| align=center| 0
| align=center| 0:00
| DeLand, Florida, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 6–1
| John Horning
| Submission (side choke)
| XCC: Xtreme Combat Championships 2
|
| align=center| 0
| align=center| 0:00
| Florida, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 5–1
| Victor Vincelette
| TKO (injury)
| WEF 2: World Extreme Fighting 2
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 0:10
|
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 4–1
| Efrain Ruiz
| TKO (submission to punches)
| WEF 1: World Extreme Fighting 1
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| N/A
|
|
|-
| Loss
| align=center| 3–1
| Travis Fulton
| TKO (submission to punches)
| EC 21: Extreme Challenge 21
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 1:57
| Hayward, Wisconsin, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 3–0
| Jeff Monson
| Submission (rear-naked choke)
| EC 20: Extreme Challenge 20
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 3:47
| Davenport, Iowa, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 2–0
| David Giannotti
| Submission (choke)
| WVF: Orlando 2
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 1:13
| Orlando, Florida, United States
|
|-
| Win
| align=center| 1–0
| Joe Campanella
| N/A
| EC 19: Extreme Challenge 19
|
| align=center| 1
| align=center| 0:34
| Hayward, Wisconsin, United States
|
See also
List of male mixed martial artists
References
External links
Hope for Humanity: MMA Fighter Tommy Sauer is a Really Nice Dude at CagedInsider.com
1970 births
American male mixed martial artists
Light heavyweight mixed martial artists
Heavyweight mixed martial artists
Mixed martial artists utilizing wrestling
Mixed martial artists utilizing karate
American male karateka
2020 deaths |
```objective-c
/* Interface between the opcode library and its callers.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor,
Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
Written by Cygnus Support, 1993.
The opcode library (libopcodes.a) provides instruction decoders for
a large variety of instruction sets, callable with an identical
interface, for making instruction-processing programs more independent
of the instruction set being processed. */
#ifndef DIS_ASM_H
#define DIS_ASM_H
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
#include <stdio.h>
#include "bfd.h"
typedef int (*fprintf_ftype) (void *, const char*, ...) ATTRIBUTE_FPTR_PRINTF_2;
enum dis_insn_type
{
dis_noninsn, /* Not a valid instruction. */
dis_nonbranch, /* Not a branch instruction. */
dis_branch, /* Unconditional branch. */
dis_condbranch, /* Conditional branch. */
dis_jsr, /* Jump to subroutine. */
dis_condjsr, /* Conditional jump to subroutine. */
dis_dref, /* Data reference instruction. */
dis_dref2 /* Two data references in instruction. */
};
/* This struct is passed into the instruction decoding routine,
and is passed back out into each callback. The various fields are used
for conveying information from your main routine into your callbacks,
for passing information into the instruction decoders (such as the
addresses of the callback functions), or for passing information
back from the instruction decoders to their callers.
It must be initialized before it is first passed; this can be done
by hand, or using one of the initialization macros below. */
typedef struct disassemble_info
{
fprintf_ftype fprintf_func;
void *stream;
void *application_data;
/* Target description. We could replace this with a pointer to the bfd,
but that would require one. There currently isn't any such requirement
so to avoid introducing one we record these explicitly. */
/* The bfd_flavour. This can be bfd_target_unknown_flavour. */
enum bfd_flavour flavour;
/* The bfd_arch value. */
enum bfd_architecture arch;
/* The bfd_mach value. */
unsigned long mach;
/* Endianness (for bi-endian cpus). Mono-endian cpus can ignore this. */
enum bfd_endian endian;
/* Endianness of code, for mixed-endian situations such as ARM BE8. */
enum bfd_endian endian_code;
/* An arch/mach-specific bitmask of selected instruction subsets, mainly
for processors with run-time-switchable instruction sets. The default,
zero, means that there is no constraint. CGEN-based opcodes ports
may use ISA_foo masks. */
void *insn_sets;
/* Some targets need information about the current section to accurately
display insns. If this is NULL, the target disassembler function
will have to make its best guess. */
asection *section;
/* An array of pointers to symbols either at the location being disassembled
or at the start of the function being disassembled. The array is sorted
so that the first symbol is intended to be the one used. The others are
present for any misc. purposes. This is not set reliably, but if it is
not NULL, it is correct. */
asymbol **symbols;
/* Number of symbols in array. */
int num_symbols;
/* Symbol table provided for targets that want to look at it. This is
used on Arm to find mapping symbols and determine Arm/Thumb code. */
asymbol **symtab;
int symtab_pos;
int symtab_size;
/* For use by the disassembler.
The top 16 bits are reserved for public use (and are documented here).
The bottom 16 bits are for the internal use of the disassembler. */
unsigned long flags;
/* Set if the disassembler has determined that there are one or more
relocations associated with the instruction being disassembled. */
#define INSN_HAS_RELOC (1 << 31)
/* Set if the user has requested the disassembly of data as well as code. */
#define DISASSEMBLE_DATA (1 << 30)
/* Set if the user has specifically set the machine type encoded in the
mach field of this structure. */
#define USER_SPECIFIED_MACHINE_TYPE (1 << 29)
/* Use internally by the target specific disassembly code. */
void *private_data;
/* Function used to get bytes to disassemble. MEMADDR is the
address of the stuff to be disassembled, MYADDR is the address to
put the bytes in, and LENGTH is the number of bytes to read.
INFO is a pointer to this struct.
Returns an errno value or 0 for success. */
int (*read_memory_func)
(bfd_vma memaddr, bfd_byte *myaddr, unsigned int length,
struct disassemble_info *dinfo);
/* Function which should be called if we get an error that we can't
recover from. STATUS is the errno value from read_memory_func and
MEMADDR is the address that we were trying to read. INFO is a
pointer to this struct. */
void (*memory_error_func)
(int status, bfd_vma memaddr, struct disassemble_info *dinfo);
/* Function called to print ADDR. */
void (*print_address_func)
(bfd_vma addr, struct disassemble_info *dinfo);
/* Function called to determine if there is a symbol at the given ADDR.
If there is, the function returns 1, otherwise it returns 0.
This is used by ports which support an overlay manager where
the overlay number is held in the top part of an address. In
some circumstances we want to include the overlay number in the
address, (normally because there is a symbol associated with
that address), but sometimes we want to mask out the overlay bits. */
int (* symbol_at_address_func)
(bfd_vma addr, struct disassemble_info *dinfo);
/* Function called to check if a SYMBOL is can be displayed to the user.
This is used by some ports that want to hide special symbols when
displaying debugging outout. */
bfd_boolean (* symbol_is_valid)
(asymbol *, struct disassemble_info *dinfo);
/* These are for buffer_read_memory. */
bfd_byte *buffer;
bfd_vma buffer_vma;
unsigned int buffer_length;
/* This variable may be set by the instruction decoder. It suggests
the number of bytes objdump should display on a single line. If
the instruction decoder sets this, it should always set it to
the same value in order to get reasonable looking output. */
int bytes_per_line;
/* The next two variables control the way objdump displays the raw data. */
/* For example, if bytes_per_line is 8 and bytes_per_chunk is 4, the */
/* output will look like this:
00: 00000000 00000000
with the chunks displayed according to "display_endian". */
int bytes_per_chunk;
enum bfd_endian display_endian;
/* Number of octets per incremented target address
Normally one, but some DSPs have byte sizes of 16 or 32 bits. */
unsigned int octets_per_byte;
/* The number of zeroes we want to see at the end of a section before we
start skipping them. */
unsigned int skip_zeroes;
/* The number of zeroes to skip at the end of a section. If the number
of zeroes at the end is between SKIP_ZEROES_AT_END and SKIP_ZEROES,
they will be disassembled. If there are fewer than
SKIP_ZEROES_AT_END, they will be skipped. This is a heuristic
attempt to avoid disassembling zeroes inserted by section
alignment. */
unsigned int skip_zeroes_at_end;
/* Whether the disassembler always needs the relocations. */
bfd_boolean disassembler_needs_relocs;
/* Results from instruction decoders. Not all decoders yet support
this information. This info is set each time an instruction is
decoded, and is only valid for the last such instruction.
To determine whether this decoder supports this information, set
insn_info_valid to 0, decode an instruction, then check it. */
char insn_info_valid; /* Branch info has been set. */
char branch_delay_insns; /* How many sequential insn's will run before
a branch takes effect. (0 = normal) */
char data_size; /* Size of data reference in insn, in bytes */
enum dis_insn_type insn_type; /* Type of instruction */
bfd_vma target; /* Target address of branch or dref, if known;
zero if unknown. */
bfd_vma target2; /* Second target address for dref2 */
/* Command line options specific to the target disassembler. */
char * disassembler_options;
/* If non-zero then try not disassemble beyond this address, even if
there are values left in the buffer. This address is the address
of the nearest symbol forwards from the start of the disassembly,
and it is assumed that it lies on the boundary between instructions.
If an instruction spans this address then this is an error in the
file being disassembled. */
bfd_vma stop_vma;
} disassemble_info;
/* Standard disassemblers. Disassemble one instruction at the given
target address. Return number of octets processed. */
typedef int (*disassembler_ftype) (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_aarch64 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_alpha (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_avr (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_bfin (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_big_arm (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_big_mips (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_big_nios2 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_big_powerpc (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_big_score (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_cr16 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_crx (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_d10v (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_d30v (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_dlx (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_epiphany (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_fr30 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_frv (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_ft32 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_h8300 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_h8300h (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_h8300s (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_h8500 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_hppa (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_i370 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_i386 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_i386_att (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_i386_intel (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_i860 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_i960 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_ia64 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_ip2k (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_iq2000 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_little_arm (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_little_mips (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_little_nios2 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_little_powerpc (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_little_score (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_lm32 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_m32c (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_m32r (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_m68hc11 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_m68hc12 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_m9s12x (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_m9s12xg (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_m68k (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_m88k (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_mcore (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_mep (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_metag (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_microblaze (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_mmix (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_mn10200 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_mn10300 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_moxie (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_msp430 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_mt (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_nds32 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_ns32k (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_or1k (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_pdp11 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_pj (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_rs6000 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_s390 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_sh (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_sh64 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_sh64x_media (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_sparc (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_spu (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_tic30 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_tic4x (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_tic54x (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_tic6x (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_tic80 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_tilegx (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_tilepro (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_v850 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_vax (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_visium (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_w65 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_xc16x (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_xgate (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_xstormy16 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_xtensa (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_z80 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_z8001 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_z8002 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_rx (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_rl78 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_rl78_g10 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_rl78_g13 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern int print_insn_rl78_g14 (bfd_vma, disassemble_info *);
extern disassembler_ftype arc_get_disassembler (bfd *);
extern disassembler_ftype cris_get_disassembler (bfd *);
extern disassembler_ftype rl78_get_disassembler (bfd *);
extern void print_aarch64_disassembler_options (FILE *);
extern void print_i386_disassembler_options (FILE *);
extern void print_mips_disassembler_options (FILE *);
extern void print_ppc_disassembler_options (FILE *);
extern void print_arm_disassembler_options (FILE *);
extern void parse_arm_disassembler_option (char *);
extern void print_s390_disassembler_options (FILE *);
extern int get_arm_regname_num_options (void);
extern int set_arm_regname_option (int);
extern int get_arm_regnames (int, const char **, const char **, const char *const **);
extern bfd_boolean aarch64_symbol_is_valid (asymbol *, struct disassemble_info *);
extern bfd_boolean arm_symbol_is_valid (asymbol *, struct disassemble_info *);
extern void disassemble_init_powerpc (struct disassemble_info *);
/* Fetch the disassembler for a given BFD, if that support is available. */
extern disassembler_ftype disassembler (bfd *);
/* Amend the disassemble_info structure as necessary for the target architecture.
Should only be called after initialising the info->arch field. */
extern void disassemble_init_for_target (struct disassemble_info * dinfo);
/* Document any target specific options available from the disassembler. */
extern void disassembler_usage (FILE *);
/* This block of definitions is for particular callers who read instructions
into a buffer before calling the instruction decoder. */
/* Here is a function which callers may wish to use for read_memory_func.
It gets bytes from a buffer. */
extern int buffer_read_memory
(bfd_vma, bfd_byte *, unsigned int, struct disassemble_info *);
/* This function goes with buffer_read_memory.
It prints a message using info->fprintf_func and info->stream. */
extern void perror_memory (int, bfd_vma, struct disassemble_info *);
/* Just print the address in hex. This is included for completeness even
though both GDB and objdump provide their own (to print symbolic
addresses). */
extern void generic_print_address
(bfd_vma, struct disassemble_info *);
/* Always true. */
extern int generic_symbol_at_address
(bfd_vma, struct disassemble_info *);
/* Also always true. */
extern bfd_boolean generic_symbol_is_valid
(asymbol *, struct disassemble_info *);
/* Method to initialize a disassemble_info struct. This should be
called by all applications creating such a struct. */
extern void init_disassemble_info (struct disassemble_info *dinfo, void *stream,
fprintf_ftype fprintf_func);
/* For compatibility with existing code. */
#define INIT_DISASSEMBLE_INFO(INFO, STREAM, FPRINTF_FUNC) \
init_disassemble_info (&(INFO), (STREAM), (fprintf_ftype) (FPRINTF_FUNC))
#define INIT_DISASSEMBLE_INFO_NO_ARCH(INFO, STREAM, FPRINTF_FUNC) \
init_disassemble_info (&(INFO), (STREAM), (fprintf_ftype) (FPRINTF_FUNC))
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif /* ! defined (DIS_ASM_H) */
``` |
Phoebe Hirsch (born 1949) is a former member of Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) and Weatherman (WUO).
Early education and activism
Phoebe Hirsch attended the University of Wisconsin in the 1960s. Hirsch participated with SDS during the riots at Columbia University in New York City in 1968. SDS used the riots to pursue confronting two issues with Columbia University; the proposed building of the university gym in Harlem that would not benefit the largely poor, African-American population; and the involvement of the University with the Institute for Defense Analysis who provided research that the military used in Vietnam. She was employed in the SDS National Office located in Chicago, Illinois from June to August, 1969.
SDS activities
A series of protest demonstrations called "Days of Rage" in Chicago, Illinois took place on October 8–11, 1969. The purpose of the "Days of Rage" was to encourage and show strength of the SDS organization, and bring in new members, to participate in revolutionary violence against the Vietnam War. Members gathered at Grant Park to listen to SDS leaders' speeches about Che Guevara and the world revolution. The last speech encouraged members to walk to the Drake Hotel, which was the home of Federal Judge Julius Hoffman. Judge Hoffman was presiding judge at the Chicago 8 trial. Hirsch was arrested with members Cathlyn Platt Wilkerson, Michael Spiegel, Mark Rudd and other demonstrators who pleaded guilty to mob-action charges. Hirsch participated in a leading role from Chicago, for the Venceremos Brigade. She provided arrangements to send SDS members to Cuba to help cut sugar cane for the 1970 harvest.
Hirsch was one of many SDS members who attended the "War Council" in Flint, Michigan on December 27–31, 1969. This was the last public meeting of SDS members before splintering off to form Weatherman.
Weatherman
Hirsch went underground in Illinois in early 1970 as a fugitive. In April 1970, she was arrested in California using a fictitious identity. She jumped bond and re-submerged until 1977. Hirsch surfaced with fellow Weatherman members Robert Roth and Peter Clapp, who were all living in Chicago. They turned themselves in at the Cook County Courthouse on March 25, 1977. Hirsch pleaded guilty to mob-action charges, and received a $1,000 fine and two years probation.
Notes
References
Federal Bureau of Investigation, "Weather Underground Organization (Weatherman)", (Illinois: Chicago Field Office, 1976)
Ron Jacobs, "The Way The Wind Blew; A History of the Weather Underground", (New York: Verso, 1997)
External links
FBI files: Weather Underground Organization (Weatherman)
1945 births
Living people
Members of the Weather Underground
Members of Students for a Democratic Society
COINTELPRO targets
American anti–Vietnam War activists |
Ariosoma nigrimanum is an eel in the family Congridae (conger/garden eels). It was described by John Roxborough Norman in 1939. It is a tropical, marine eel which is known from the Gulf of Aden, in the western Indian Ocean. It is known to dwell at a maximum depth of 220 metres. Males can reach a maximum total length of 33.5 centimetres.
References
nigrimanum
Taxa named by John Roxborough Norman
Fish described in 1939 |
Jamie Moul (born 26 September 1984) is an English professional golfer who became the third man to top the World Amateur Golf Ranking on 13 February 2007.
Moul plays out of Stoke-by-Nayland Golf Club near Colchester in Essex. His tournament wins include the 2006 Lytham Trophy, and the 2007 Brabazon Trophy (jointly with Romain Bechu).
Moul played on the Great Britain and Ireland team in the 2007 Walker Cup. He played in all four rounds. On the Saturday, he halved the foursomes with his partner Daniel Willett, and won his singles by 1 hole against opponent, Chris Kirk. On Sunday, Moul lost twice, again playing with Daniel Willett in the morning foursomes, and losing to Jamie Lovemark in the afternoon singles. Great Britain & Ireland lost to the United States 12½ to 11½.
Moul turned professional after the 2007 Walker Cup.
In 2011, Moul won his first Challenge Tour event at the inaugural Acaya Open in Italy.
Moul is coached by Ipswich-based professional Kevin Lovelock.
Amateur wins
2006 Lytham Trophy
2007 Brabazon Trophy (tie with Romain Bechu)
Professional wins (2)
Challenge Tour wins (1)
Jamega Pro Golf Tour wins (1)
Team appearances
Amateur
European Boys' Team Championship (representing England): 2002
Jacques Léglise Trophy (representing Great Britain and Ireland): 2002 (winners)
European Youths' Team Championship (representing England): 2004
European Amateur Team Championship (representing England): 2005 (winners), 2007
Eisenhower Trophy (representing England): 2006
St Andrews Trophy (representing Great Britain & Ireland): 2006 (winners)
Walker Cup (representing Great Britain & Ireland): 2007
See also
2011 Challenge Tour graduates
References
External links
English male golfers
European Tour golfers
Sportspeople from Chelmsford
Sportspeople from Colchester
1984 births
Living people |
```kotlin
/*
* that can be found in the LICENSE file.
*/
import org.jetbrains.kotlin.PlatformInfo
import org.jetbrains.kotlin.getCompileOnlyBenchmarksOpts
import org.jetbrains.kotlin.getNativeProgramExtension
import org.jetbrains.kotlin.mingwPath
plugins {
id("compile-benchmarking")
}
val dist = file(findProperty("kotlin.native.home") ?: "dist")
val toolSuffix = if (System.getProperty("os.name").startsWith("Windows")) ".bat" else ""
val binarySuffix = getNativeProgramExtension()
val linkerOpts = when {
PlatformInfo.isMac() -> listOf("-linker-options","-L/opt/local/lib", "-linker-options", "-L/usr/local/lib")
PlatformInfo.isLinux() -> listOf("-linker-options", "-L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu", "-linker-options", "-L/usr/lib64")
PlatformInfo.isWindows() -> listOf("-linker-options", "-L$mingwPath/lib")
else -> error("Unsupported platform")
}
var includeDirsFfmpeg = emptyList<String>()
var filterDirsFfmpeg = emptyList<String>()
when {
PlatformInfo.isMac() -> filterDirsFfmpeg = listOf(
"-headerFilterAdditionalSearchPrefix", "/opt/local/include",
"-headerFilterAdditionalSearchPrefix", "/usr/local/include"
)
PlatformInfo.isLinux() -> filterDirsFfmpeg = listOf(
"-headerFilterAdditionalSearchPrefix", "/usr/include",
"-headerFilterAdditionalSearchPrefix", "/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu",
"-headerFilterAdditionalSearchPrefix", "/usr/include/ffmpeg"
)
PlatformInfo.isWindows() -> includeDirsFfmpeg = listOf("-compiler-option", "-I$mingwPath/include")
}
var includeDirsSdl = when {
PlatformInfo.isMac() -> listOf(
"-compiler-option", "-I/opt/local/include/SDL2",
"-compiler-option", "-I/usr/local/include/SDL2"
)
PlatformInfo.isLinux() -> listOf("-compiler-option", "-I/usr/include/SDL2")
PlatformInfo.isWindows() -> listOf("-compiler-option", "-I$mingwPath/include/SDL2")
else -> error("Unsupported platform")
}
val defaultCompilerOpts = listOf("-g")
val buildOpts = getCompileOnlyBenchmarksOpts(project, defaultCompilerOpts)
compileBenchmark {
applicationName = "Videoplayer"
repeatNumber = 10
compilerOpts = buildOpts
buildSteps {
step("runCinteropFfmpeg") {
command = listOf(
"$dist/bin/cinterop$toolSuffix",
"-o", "$dist/../samples/videoplayer/build/classes/kotlin/videoPlayer/main/videoplayer-cinterop-ffmpeg.klib",
"-def", "$dist/../samples/videoplayer/src/nativeInterop/cinterop/ffmpeg.def"
) + filterDirsFfmpeg + includeDirsFfmpeg
}
step("runCinteropSdl") {
command = listOf(
"$dist/bin/cinterop$toolSuffix",
"-o", "$dist/../samples/videoplayer/build/classes/kotlin/videoPlayer/main/videoplayer-cinterop-sdl.klib",
"-def", "$dist/../samples/videoplayer/src/nativeInterop/cinterop/sdl.def"
) + includeDirsSdl
}
step("runKonanProgram") {
command = listOf(
"$dist/bin/konanc$toolSuffix",
"-ea", "-p", "program",
"-o", "${buildDir.absolutePath}/program$binarySuffix",
"-l", "$dist/../samples/videoplayer/build/classes/kotlin/videoPlayer/main/videoplayer-cinterop-ffmpeg.klib",
"-l", "$dist/../samples/videoplayer/build/classes/kotlin/videoPlayer/main/videoplayer-cinterop-sdl.klib",
"-Xmulti-platform", "$dist/../samples/videoplayer/src/videoPlayerMain/kotlin",
"-entry", "sample.videoplayer.main"
) + buildOpts + linkerOpts
}
}
}
``` |
James "Jim" U. Lemke (December 26, 1929 - February 22, 2019) was an American physicist and entrepreneur who lived in San Diego. He developed magnetic recording and internal combustion engine technologies.
Lemke started six high-tech research & development companies, owned and flew multiple airplanes and was awarded more than 114 U.S. and foreign patents in the fields of information theory, magnetic materials, information storage devices, aviation, and internal combustion engines.
He was a member of the National Academy of Engineering, Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, Fellow of Eastman Kodak Research Laboratories, Senior Fellow of the California Council on Science and Technology, and a Member of the American Physical Society.
Background and education
Lemke was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan on December 26, 1929. He was the son of Andrew Lemke, a Congregationalist minister.
Lemke earned his undergraduate degree in physics from Illinois Institute of Technology in 1959, his master's degree in physics (Woodrow Wilson Fellow) from Northwestern University in 1960, and his Ph.D. in theoretical physics from U.C. Santa Barbara in 1966. He credits Bill Mahavier and John Neuberger, instructors at Illinois Institute of Technology, with launching him on "a lifetime adventure in science and technology".
Career
In 1948, Lemke joined the new IBM Watson Scientific Computing Laboratory at Columbia University and spent three years working on plated drum memories for IBM computers. He joined T.E.M.C.O, working on high-speed teletype encryption devices before moving to AV Manufacturing Company in New York as the vice-president of engineering, developing multi-track instrumentation recorders. In 1957, he joined Armour Research Foundation to coordinate the work on magnetic recording.
In 1960, Lemke joined the Bell and Howell Research Center in Pasadena, California as the director of magnetic research. He worked on the development of high-density instrumentation and PCM recorders and in magnetics research.
In 1968, Lemke founded Spin-Physics in San Diego to develop magnetic recording heads for broadcast TV tape recorders. Once 50 percent of the broadcast hours on television worldwide were recorded on Spin Physics’ magnetic heads. In 1973, Lemke sold the company to Eastman Kodak and became a fellow of the Kodak Research Laboratories. He founded Recording Physics, Inc. and VISqUS, Corp. VISqUS offered a technology based on a head-disk air bearing, but with the air replaced by a liquid.
In 1978, Lemke founded Aerolift to manufacture a through-the-propeller radar for single-engine airplanes that he had invented.
Four years later, in 1982, Lemke was pivotal in establishing the Center for Magnetic Recording Research (CMRR) at UC San Diego. Lemke obtained corporate donations for a new building for the center and could secure funding for four endowed professorships and for scientific equipment.
From 1982, Lemke served as an adjunct professor at the University of California, San Diego.
In 2004, Lemke founded Achates Power to pursue the development of the two-cycle, opposed-piston internal combustion engine.
Lemke authored several scientific papers and wrote a book chapter on instrumentation recording. He was a prolific inventor with over 100 U.S. patents to his name.
Awards and memberships
Member of the American Physical Society, he also was a Fellow of the IEEE.
Senior Fellow of the California Council on Science and Technology
1988, Member of the National Academy of Engineering for lifelong leadership in magnetic recording theory and practice
1992, IEEE Magnetics Society Distinguished Lecturer.
1993, Revelle medal for distinguished and sustained service to UCSD.
1995, IEEE Reynold B. Johnson Storage Award for "contributions to advancing the science and technology of high-density magnetic data storage."
2004, Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.
Personal Interests
Lemke owned and flew several planes. In 1981, in Ted Gildred's recreation of his father's 1942 flight from San Diego to Quito, Ecuador, Lemke flew as the safety "chaser" in his twin-engined Beech Baron. Achates Power was founded with the aim of building an opposed-piston aircraft engine.
Lemke was married to Ann Stickley who he met in Greenwich Village in New York City in 1953. He had two daughters, Catherine and Susan, and a son, Michael. He was predeceased by his parents, Andrew and Frances Lemke, and by his sister Lois Dahl.
References
Fellow Members of the IEEE
1929 births
2019 deaths
Businesspeople from Grand Rapids, Michigan
Illinois Institute of Technology alumni
Northwestern University alumni
20th-century American businesspeople |
Hiren Bhattacharyya (28 July 1932 – 4 July 2012), popularly known as Hiruda, was an Indian poet and lyricist best for his works in the Assamese literature. He had innumerable works published in Assamese and achieved many prizes and accolades for his poetry. In 2012, Bhattacharyya died at hospital due to undergoing treatment for lung and urinary infection since 14 June.
Biography
Bhattacharyya was born in Jorhat, Assam in the year 1932. After battling for life almost three months, he died on 4 July 2012 in Guwahati, Assam. He is survived by his wife and daughter.
Literary works
Bhattacharyya mainly worked in the field of Assamese poetry. He was the editor of several Assamese magazines and newspapers. Some of the newspapers he worked on are Chitrabon, Monon and Antorik. He was the poetry editor of the Assamese magazine Prantik for over three decades.
Books
He published anthologies of poetry include:
ৰৌদ্ৰ কামনা (Roudro Kamona),(1968)
কবিতাৰ ৰ'দ (Kobitar Rod ), (1976)
তোমাৰ বাঁহী (Tomar Bahi)
সুগন্ধি পখিলা (Xugondhi Pokhilaa), (1981)
মোৰ দেশ আৰু প্ৰেমৰ কবিতা (Mor Desh aru Mor Premor Kobita), (1972)
বিভিন্ন দিনৰ কবিতা (Bibhinno Dinor Kobita)
শইচৰ পথাৰ মানুহ (Shoichor Pothar Manuh ), (1991)
মোৰ প্ৰিয় বৰ্ণমালা (Mur Prio Bornomala), (1995)
ভালপোৱাৰ বুকু মাটি (Bhalpuwar Buka Mati), (1995)
ভালপোৱাৰ দিকচৌ বাটেৰে (Bhalpuwar Dikchou Batere), (2000)
Collections of nursery rhymes
ল'ৰা ধেমালি (Lora Dhemali ) (1991)
অকন ধেমালি (Akon Dhemali )(1991)
Others
Ancient Gongs (English Translation)
জোনাকী মন ও অন্যান্য (Jonaki Mon O Onyano) etc. (Bengali Translation)
Autumn and other landscapes (Translated to English)
Sample stanzas from his famous Assamese poems are:
Awards
Bharatiya Bhasha Parishad Award in 1993.
Bishnu Rabha Award, 1985
Rajaji Puroskar, 1984-85 awarded by Bharatiya Bidya Bhawan
Soviet Desh Neheru Award, 1987
Sahitya Akademi Award in 1992 for his anthology of poems 'Saichor Pathar Manuh'.
Assam Valley Literary Award, (Asom Upotyoka Sahitya Bota) 2000 awarded by Megor Sikhya Nyash
See also
Jayanta Mahapatra
Jyoti Prasad Agarwala
Vegunta Mohan Prasad
References
External links
Blogger page of the Author
His Poems at Xofura
Oxom Yearbook 2003, Xoraaighaat Prokaaxon, December 2003
http://www.poetrytranslation.org/poets/hiren-bhattacharjya
Audio links
Some of his poems in audio format sung by Pulok Benarjee
Book Search
Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: A-Devo - Google Books Result
1932 births
2012 deaths
Assamese-language poets
People from Jorhat district
Poets from Assam
Deaths from respiratory tract infection
Deaths from urinary tract infection
Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Assamese
Recipients of the Assam Valley Literary Award
20th-century Indian poets |
Stephanie Finch is an American singer, keyboardist and guitarist. She is the wife of Chuck Prophet, with whom she has frequently collaborated and toured. She is a member of Prophet's band, The Mission Express.
Finch provided backing vocals for the Red House Painters songs “Song for a Blue Guitar” and “All Mixed Up”. She released her first solo album, Cry Tomorrow, in 2010.
External links
"Stephanie Finch: The Power Of Simplicity", a review of Cry Tomorrow by critic Ken Tucker.
Stephanie Finch branches out on her own
Stephanie Finch on MySpace
American women guitarists
American women singer-songwriters
American rock songwriters
American women rock singers
Living people
21st-century American women singers
The Mission Express members
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century American singer-songwriters |
Đurđević (, ; also transliterated Djurdjevic) is a Serbian surname derived from the masculine given names Đurađ or Đurđe, which are cognates of the name George.
It may refer to the following:
People
Darko Đurđević (born 1987), Serbian footballer
Dejan Đurđević (born 1967), football manager and former player
Fahrudin Đurđević (born 1992), Macedonian footballer
Ignjat Đurđević (1675–1737), poet and translator
Ivan Đurđević (born 1977), footballer
Marko Djurdjević (born 1979), German illustrator and concept artist of Serbian descent
Milan Đurđević (born 1967), footballer
Miodrag Đurđević (born 1961), football player
Nenad Đurđević (born 1987), footballer
Nina Đurđević (born 1991), beauty pageant winner
Olivera Đurđević (1928–2006), Serbian pianist, cembalist and professor
Uroš Đurđević (born 1994), footballer
Places
Đurđević coal mine
See also
Đorđević, a surname
Đurđevića Tara Bridge
Surnames of Serbian origin
Patronymic surnames
Surnames from given names |
```objective-c
/* Public domain. */
#ifndef _LINUX_LLIST_H
#define _LINUX_LLIST_H
#include <sys/atomic.h>
struct llist_node {
struct llist_node *next;
};
struct llist_head {
struct llist_node *first;
};
#define llist_entry(ptr, type, member) container_of(ptr, type, member)
static inline struct llist_node *
llist_del_all(struct llist_head *head)
{
return atomic_swap_ptr(&head->first, NULL);
}
static inline struct llist_node *
llist_del_first(struct llist_head *head)
{
struct llist_node *first, *next;
do {
first = head->first;
if (first == NULL)
return NULL;
next = first->next;
} while (atomic_cas_ptr(&head->first, first, next) != first);
return first;
}
static inline bool
llist_add(struct llist_node *new, struct llist_head *head)
{
struct llist_node *first;
do {
new->next = first = head->first;
} while (atomic_cas_ptr(&head->first, first, new) != first);
return (first == NULL);
}
static inline bool
llist_add_batch(struct llist_node *new_first, struct llist_node *new_last,
struct llist_head *head)
{
struct llist_node *first;
do {
new_last->next = first = head->first;
} while (atomic_cas_ptr(&head->first, first, new_first) != first);
return (first == NULL);
}
static inline void
init_llist_head(struct llist_head *head)
{
head->first = NULL;
}
static inline bool
llist_empty(struct llist_head *head)
{
return (head->first == NULL);
}
#define llist_for_each_safe(pos, n, node) \
for ((pos) = (node); \
(pos) != NULL && \
((n) = (pos)->next, pos); \
(pos) = (n))
#define llist_for_each_entry_safe(pos, n, node, member) \
for (pos = llist_entry((node), __typeof(*pos), member); \
((char *)(pos) + offsetof(typeof(*(pos)), member)) != NULL && \
(n = llist_entry(pos->member.next, __typeof(*pos), member), pos); \
pos = n)
#define llist_for_each_entry(pos, node, member) \
for ((pos) = llist_entry((node), __typeof(*(pos)), member); \
((char *)(pos) + offsetof(typeof(*(pos)), member)) != NULL; \
(pos) = llist_entry((pos)->member.next, __typeof(*(pos)), member))
#endif
``` |
Tony Gallagher (born 2 November 1963) is a British newspaper journalist, and is currently editor of The Times'
He was editor of The Daily Telegraph, joint deputy editor of the Daily Mail, and editor of The Sun in 2015, before being appointed editor of The Times in 2022.
Career
Gallagher attended Finchley Catholic High School in north London, the University of Bristol, and then City, University of London. He began his career as a trainee journalist at the Southern Evening Echo in Southampton in 1985, and moved to the South West News Agency in Bristol in 1987. He joined Today in 1988, and became a reporter at the Daily Mail in 1990.
He attracted attention for his Princess Diana-related exclusives. He later became news editor and finally assistant editor in 2006. He joined The Daily Telegraph in October 2006 as head of news and became deputy editor in September 2007.
As deputy editor, Gallagher took the lead on exclusives relating to the MPs' expenses scandal. In November 2009, he was promoted to editor.
Gallagher relinquished his post with immediate effect in January 2014 and went on leave, spending some time working at the London restaurant Moro. In April 2015 he became deputy editor of the Daily Mail and shared the role with John Steafel. Gallagher said: "My huge admiration for Paul Dacre is well known and I am greatly looking forward to joining his outstanding team."
Gallagher was appointed editor of The Sun on 2 September 2015. Victoria Newton succeeded him as The Suns editor, after Gallagher was appointed deputy editor of The Times effective 10 February 2020.
In June 2022 Gallagher came under scrutiny for deleting a story unfavourable to Boris Johnson in The Times while acting for editor John Witherow while he was on holiday. Johnson and Gallagher had been seen jogging together in the past. Gallagher had been in temporary charge of The Times'' for most of the year, while Witherow had been on sick leave. On 28 September 2022 Gallagher was confirmed as the new editor of the newspaper, as Witherow stepped down.
A 2017 poll revealed that "the majority of people consider (The Times) to be either slightly right of centre or fairly right-wing (28% in each case), although it is seen as the least right-wing of the right-wing papers."
Personal life
Gallagher is a fan of West Ham United F.C., a team he came to support because his father worked in London's East End. He is married with three children.
References
1963 births
Living people
Alumni of City, University of London
Alumni of the University of Bristol
British newspaper editors
British people of Irish descent
Daily Mail journalists
The Daily Telegraph people
The Sun (United Kingdom) editors |
The Darbar-e Azam (lit. "the great court") was established in October 1872 under Qajar shah Naser al-Din Shah (1848-1896). It was a council of ministers, constituting a cabinet, and was composed of the sadr-e azam (grand vizier) and nine other ministers. The Darbar-e Azam was established as a result of several tests undertaken during Naser al-Din Shah's rule in order to improve the effectiveness of Iran's administration on Western model. The nine other ministers in addition to the sadr-e azam were: of war, finance, justice, foreign affairs, interior, education, public works, court, commerce and agriculture. Together with the sadr-e azam, these ministers were responsible for running the entire Iranian government.
References
Politics of Qajar Iran
1872 establishments in Iran
Persian words and phrases |
Manuel Hagel (born 1 May 1988) is a German banker and politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) who has been serving as a member of the State Parliament of Baden-Württemberg since 2016, where has been chairing his party's parliamentary group since 2021. From 2016 to 2021, he was the secretary general of his party in Baden-Württemberg, under the leadership of its chairman Thomas Strobl.
Early life and career
Hagel was born 1988 in the Swabian town of Ehingen and became a banker.
Political career
Hagel entered the CDU in 2006 and was elected as part of his party's leadership in Baden-Württemberg in 2015. He became a member of the Landtag of Baden-Württemberg in the 2016 state elections. In parliament, he has since been serving on the Committee on Internal Affairs, Digitization and Migration and on the Committee on Consumer Protection.
On the basis of a proposal made by Thomas Strobl, Hagel was elected as secretary general of the CDU in Baden-Württemberg in 2016.
Hagel was nominated by his party as delegate to the Federal Convention for the purpose of electing the President of Germany in 2022.
Political positions
In 2020, Hagel expressed support for Jens Spahn as next chairman of the CDU. Ahead of the 2021 Christian Democratic Union of Germany leadership election, he endorsed Friedrich Merz to succeed Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer as the party's chair.
References
Living people
1988 births
21st-century German politicians |
The following is a list of sports venues with sole naming rights:
Present naming rights
Albania
Australia
In Australia, the most important distinction regarding outdoor stadiums is the shape of their fields:
Oval stadiums — Generally used for cricket and Australian rules football. Can be used for rectangular-field sports, but seating arrangement is not necessarily optimal.
Rectangular stadiums — Used for the rugby codes and soccer, and generally cannot be used for oval-field sports.
A few stadiums with oval fields have movable seating that can readily accommodate rectangular-field sports.
Austria
Belgium
Brazil
Canada
In accord with Canadian English usage, "football" refers to Canadian football unless otherwise indicated, and association football is called "soccer".
Chile
China
Cook Islands
Czech Republic
Denmark
Ecuador
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Guatemala
Indonesia
Israel
Italy
Japan
Lithuania
Mexico
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Pakistan
Philippines
Poland
Republic of Ireland
Russia
Serbia
Slovakia
South Africa
Outdoor stadiums are listed by their primary sport. Many stadiums regularly host matches in sports other than their primary ones; this is especially true with regard to stadiums hosting rugby union and football (soccer).
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
England
Each outdoor stadium is listed by the sports or football codes that primarily use it. "Football" here refers to association football. Many stadiums are occasionally used to host matches in codes other than their primary ones.
Scotland
Wales
United States
Stadiums are listed by their primary use; many stadiums will host events in other sports. In accordance with American English usage, "football" refers specifically to American football, and association football is called "soccer".
Notes
Historical naming rights
3Com Park, formerly Candlestick Park, later Monster Park
95KGGO Arena, now Buccaneer Arena
The 96.6 TFM Darlington Arena, now the Balfour Webnet Darlington Arena
A1 Ring, now Red Bull Ring
AAMI Stadium, now called Football Park
ABSA Stadium (East London, South Africa), reverted to original name of Buffalo City Stadium
Acer Arena, now Allphones Arena
Adelphia Coliseum, later LP Field, now Nissan Stadium
Air Canada Centre, now Scotiabank Arena
Alliant Energy Field, now NelsonCorp Field
Allianz Park, originally Barnet Copthall (current nonsponsored name), now StoneX Stadium
Alltel Arena, later Verizon Arena, now Simmons Bank Arena
Alltel Center, originally Midwest Wireless Civic Center, now Verizon Wireless Center
Alltel Stadium, later EverBank Field, now TIAA Bank Field
America West Arena, later U.S. Airways Center, Talking Stick Resort Arena, and PHX Arena (nonsponsored), now Footprint Center
Ameriquest Field in Arlington, originally The Ballpark in Arlington, now Globe Life Park in Arlington
AOL Arena, originally Volksparkstadion (nonsponsored name), later HSH Nordbank Arena, now Imtech Arena
Applebee's Park, now Whitaker Bank Ballpark
ARCO Arena, later Power Balance Pavilion, now Sleep Train Arena
Arm & Hammer Park, now called the Trenton Thunder Ballpark
Arrowhead Pond of Anaheim, now Honda Center
Ashford University Field, now NelsonCorp Field
AT&T Park, formerly Pacific Bell Park and SBC Park, now Oracle Park
Ausgrid Stadium, originally Newcastle International Sports Centre (nonsponsored name), then Marathon Stadium and EnergyAustralia Stadium; now Hunter Stadium (named after its region, not a company)
Auto Club Speedway, now the California Speedway
Avaya Stadium, now Earthquakes Stadium (nonsponsored)
AXA Arena, originally Letná Stadium (nonsponsored name), then Toyota Arena; now Generali Arena
BankAtlantic Center, formerly National Car Rental Center and Office Depot Center; now BB&T Center
Bankers Life Fieldhouse, now Gainbridge Fieldhouse
Bank of America Centre, now Qwest Arena
Bank One Ballpark, now Chase Field
BankUnited Center, originally University of Miami Convocation Center (nonsponsored), now Watsco Center
BB&T Arena, now Truist Arena
BB&T Center, now the non-sponsored FLA Live Arena
BB&T Ballpark (Charlotte), now Truist Field
BB&T Ballpark (Winston-Salem), now Truist Stadium
BB&T Point, now Truist Point
BBVA Compass Field, later BBVA Field (change due to rebranding by naming rights holder), now PNC Field
BBVA Compass Stadium, later BBVA Stadium (change due to rebranding by naming rights holder), now PNC Stadium
Blundstone Arena, now the Bellerive Oval
BellSouth Park, now AT&T Field
Bendigo Bank Stadium, now Rushton Park named after
Bi-Lo Center, now Bon Secours Wellness Arena
BlueChip Stadium, reverted to original name of Baypark Stadium
Bright House Networks Stadium, later Spectrum Stadium and the non-sponsored Bounce House, now FBC Mortgage Stadium
Brownes Stadium, now Lathlain Park
Canadian Airlines Saddledome, formerly the Olympic Saddledome, later Pengrowth Saddledome, now Scotiabank Saddledome
Canwest Global Park, later Canwest Park (corporate rebranding), now Shaw Park
Canwest Park, originally Canwest Global Park, now Shaw Park
Carrier Dome, now JMA Wireless Dome
Causeway Stadium, reverted to original name of Adams Park
CenturyLink Arena Boise, originally Bank of America Centre, now Idaho Central Arena
CenturyLink Center (Bossier City), previously Bossier City Arena and CenturyTel Center; now Brookshire Grocery Arena
CenturyLink Center Omaha, originally Qwest Center Omaha, now CHI Health Center Omaha
CenturyLink Field, originally Qwest Field, now Lumen Field (latest name change due to rebranding by the naming rights holder)
CenturyTel Center, originally Bossier City Arena, later CenturyLink Center; now Brookshire Grocery Arena
Cestrian Trading Stadium, originally Deva Stadium (current nonsponsored name) and then Saunders Honda Stadium; now Exacta Stadium
CFE Arena, originally UCF Arena (nonsponsored), now Addition Financial Arena
Champion Window Field, later UC Health Stadium and the non-sponsored Y'alls Ballpark; now Thomas More Stadium
Chevrolet Centre, now Covelli Centre
, originally Chiba Park Dome; was to be named after the company who financed its construction in December 2020 whilst still under construction. Became Tipstar Dome Chiba on its first day of opening less than a year later.
City Mazda Stadium, now Richmond Oval
CMGI Field, now Gillette Stadium
Coca-Cola Stadium, now Shaanxi Province Stadium
Colonial Center, now Colonial Life Arena (change due to rebranding by naming rights holder)
Colonial Stadium, later Telstra Dome and Etihad Stadium, now Marvel Stadium
Comcast Center (College Park, Maryland), now Xfinity Center (change due to rebranding by naming rights holder)
Compaq Center at San Jose, originally San Jose Arena, later HP Pavilion at San Jose, now SAP Center at San Jose
Compaq Center, closed in 2003 and became the main building for Lakewood Church
Conseco Fieldhouse, now Gainbridge Fieldhouse
Consol Energy Center, now PPG Paints Arena
Continental Airlines Arena, formerly Brendan Byrne/Meadowlands Arena, later Izod Center, now reverted to Meadowlands Arena
Coors Events Center, reverted to original nonsponsored name of CU Events Center
Corel Centre, formerly the Palladium, later Scotiabank Place, now Canadian Tire Centre
CoreStates Center, now known as the Wells Fargo Center (formerly First Union Center & Wachovia Center)
Cox Arena, now Viejas Arena
Cox Convention Center, now Prairie Surf Studios
Cricket Arena, originally Charlotte Coliseum, later Independence Arena (after the since-demolished Charlotte Coliseum opened in 1988), now Bojangles' Coliseum
DatchForum, formerly Forum di Assago (nonsponsored name) and Fila Forum, now Mediolanum Forum
Delta Center, later EnergySolutions Arena, now Vivint Smart Home Arena
Dodge Arena, now State Farm Arena (Hidalgo, Texas)
Domain Stadium, now Subiaco Oval
Dreamstyle Arena, formerly University Arena (nonsponsored) and WisePies Arena, now reverted to its longstanding nickname of The Pit
Dreamstyle Stadium now University Stadium
Dr Pepper Ballpark is now Riders Field (nonsponsored)
Du Maurier Stadium, later Stade Uniprix, now Stade IGA
Dunkin' Donuts Center, originally Providence Civic Center (nonsponsored), now Amica Mutual Pavilion
Dunkin' Donuts Park, now Dunkin' Park
Dunn Tire Park, formerly Pilot Field and North AmeriCare Park, later Coca-Cola Field, now Sahlen Field
Edison International Field of Anaheim, formerly Anaheim Stadium, now Angel Stadium of Anaheim
EnergyAustralia Stadium, originally Newcastle International Sports Centre (nonsponsored name), then Marathon Stadium; later Ausgrid Stadium, and now Hunter Stadium (named after its region, not a company)
Enron Field, now Minute Maid Park
Ericsson Stadium (New Zealand), reverted to original name of Mt Smart Stadium
Ericsson Stadium (North Carolina), formerly Carolinas Stadium, now Bank of America Stadium
Edward Jones Dome, formerly the Trans World Dome, now the Dome at America's Center (nonsponsored)
Etihad Stadium (Melbourne), previously Colonial Stadium and Telstra Dome, now Marvel Stadium
EverBank Field, formerly Alltel Stadium, now TIAA Bank Field
Fila Forum, originally Forum di Assago (nonsponsored name), later DatchForum, now Mediolanum Forum
FirstEnergy Park, formerly GPU Energy Park, now ShoreTown Ballpark (nonsponsored)
First Horizon Park, now First National Bank Field
First Niagara Center, known as Crossroads Arena during planning; opened as Marine Midland Arena; then became HSBC Arena; now KeyBank Center
First Union Arena, originally Northeastern Pennsylvania Civic Arena and Convention Center; later Wachovia Arena at Casey Plaza and now Mohegan Sun Arena at Casey Plaza
First Union Center, formerly CoreStates Center, later Wachovia Center, now Wells Fargo Center
FleetCenter, formerly Shawmut Center, later TD Banknorth Garden, now TD Garden
Ford Center, later Oklahoma City Arena, now Chesapeake Energy Arena
Franklin Covey Field, later Spring Mobile Ballpark, now Smith's Ballpark
Friends Provident St Mary's Stadium, now St Mary's Stadium
Frontier Field, now Innovative Field
Fullcast Stadium Miyagi, now Kleenex Stadium Miyagi
Gaylord Entertainment Center, reverted to original name of Nashville Arena, later Sommet Center, now Bridgestone Arena
Goodwill Dome, formerly Seibu Dome and Invoice Seibu Dome, now once again Seibu Dome
Goodyear Park, originally Springbok Park (current nonsponsored name), now OUTsurance Oval
Goodyear Thunderdome, reverted to its sponsorless name of Calder Park Raceway
Great Western Forum, reverted to original name of The Forum (no longer regularly used as a pro sports venue)
Growthpoint Kings Park Stadium, now Jonsson Kings Park Stadium
Heinz Field, now Acrisure Stadium
Hershey Centre, now Paramount Fine Foods Centre
High Point Solutions Stadium, later HighPoint.com Stadium (change due to rebranding by naming rights holder), now SHI Stadium
HighPoint.com Stadium, previously High Point Solutions Stadium, now SHI Stadium
Hisense Arena, now John Cain Arena
The Home Depot Center, later StubHub Center, now Dignity Health Sports Park
HP Pavilion at San Jose, originally San Jose Arena, formerly Compaq Center at San Jose, now SAP Center at San Jose
HSBC Arena, known as Crossroads Arena during planning; opened as Marine Midland Arena, later First Niagara Center, now KeyBank Center
HSH Nordbank Arena, originally Volksparkstadion (nonsponsored name) and then AOL Arena, now Imtech Arena
Hunter Stadium, now Newcastle International Sports Centre
Invesco Field at Mile High, later Sports Authority Field at Mile High, reverted to Broncos Stadium at Mile High, now Empower Field at Mile High
Investors Group Field, now IG Field (change due to rebranding by naming rights holder)
Invoice Seibu Dome, originally Seibu Dome, later Goodwill Dome, now once again Seibu Dome
iPayOne Center, reverted to original name of San Diego Sports Arena; later Valley View Casino Center and now Pechanga Arena
ITM Stadium, originally Okara Park (current nonsponsored name), now Homeworld Stadium
iWireless Center, originally The MARK of the Quad Cities, now TaxSlayer Center
JJB Stadium, now DW Stadium
Jones SBC Stadium, formerly Clifford B. and Audrey Jones Stadium, now Jones AT&T Stadium
KeySpan Park, later MCU Park, now Maimonides Park
KitKat Crescent, now reverted to Bootham Crescent
Kombank Arena, originally Belgrade Arena, now Štark Arena
Kyocera Arena, reverted to original name of Arena da Baixada
LG Arena, now Genting Arena
Land Shark Stadium, originally Joe Robbie Stadium; later Pro Player Park, Pro Player Stadium, Dolphins Stadium, Dolphin Stadium, and Sun Life Stadium; now Hard Rock Stadium
Liberty Bank Stadium, originally Indian Stadium and ASU Stadium (neither sponsored), now Centennial Bank Stadium
Lowe's Motor Speedway, reverted to original name of Charlotte Motor Speedway
LTU Arena, now Esprit Arena
Marathon Stadium, originally Newcastle International Sports Centre (nonsponsored name), later EnergyAustralia Stadium and Ausgrid Stadium, and now Hunter Stadium (named after its region, not a company)
McAfee Coliseum, Oakland, California, formerly Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum and Network Associates Coliseum, later reverted to Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum, briefly called Overstock.com Coliseum, later O.co Coliseum, reverted again to Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum, still later RingCentral Coliseum, now reverted to original name
Malanda Stadium, formerly Willows Sports Complex (nonsponsored name) and Stockland Stadium, now Dairy Farmers Stadium
Mapfre Stadium, now Historic Crew Stadium
Marina Auto Stadium, originally PAETEC Park and briefly reverted to Rochester Rhinos Stadium, later Sahlen's Stadium
Marine Midland Arena, known as Crossroads Arena during planning; later HSBC Arena and First Niagara Center, now KeyBank Center
Maxwell Field at Verizon Wireless Stadium, originally Maxwell Field at Midwest Wireless Stadium, later Maxwell Field at Alltel Stadium, now Maxwell Field at Warrior Stadium
Mazda Raceway Laguna Seca, now WeatherTech Raceway Laguna Seca
MCI Center, later Verizon Center, now Capital One Arena
Medibank Stadium , now Leederville Oval
Mercedes-Benz Superdome, originally Louisiana Superdome (nonsponsored), now Caesars Superdome
Midwest Wireless Civic Center, later Alltel Center, now Verizon Wireless Center
Miller Park, now American Family Field
Minolta Loftus, originally Loftus Versfeld Stadium, later Securicor Loftus, now once again Loftus Versfeld Stadium
Mobil Park, now Falcons Park
Molson Centre, now Bell Centre
Monster Park, formerly Candlestick Park and 3Com Park, completed its existence as Candlestick Park
MTS Centre, later Bell MTS Place, now Canada Life Centre
National Car Rental Center, formerly Broward County Civic Arena, later BankAtlantic Center and now BB&T Center
Network Associates Coliseum, formerly Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum, later McAfee Coliseum, once again Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum, briefly Overstock.com Coliseum, later O.co Coliseum; reverted again to Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum, now RingCentral Coliseum (with a brief reversion to the original name)
New Era Field, originally Rich Stadium and later Ralph Wilson Stadium (nonsponsored); still later Bills Stadium and now Highmark Stadium
North AmeriCare Park, formerly Pilot Field, later Dunn Tire Park and Coca-Cola Field, now Sahlen Field
Northeast Delta Dental Stadium, originally Fisher Cats Ballpark (nonsponsored), later Merchantsauto.com Stadium, now Delta Dental Stadium
Office Depot Center, formerly National Car Rental Center, later BankAtlantic Center, now BB&T Center
OKI Jubilee Stadium, formerly Kogarah Oval (nonsponsored name), now WIN Jubilee Oval
Oracle Arena, now Oakland Arena
Estadio Omnilife, later the nonsponsored Estadio Chivas, now Estadio Akron
O'Reilly's Raceway Park at Indianapolis, originally Indianapolis Raceway Park (nonsponsored name), now Lucas Oil Raceway at Indianapolis
Overstock.com Coliseum, originally Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum, then Network Associates Coliseum and McAfee Coliseum before reverting to Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum, now RingCentral Coliseum (with a brief reversion to its original name)
P&C Stadium, later Alliance Bank Stadium, now NBT Bank Stadium
Pacific Bell Park, later SBC Park and AT&T Park, now Oracle Park
PAETEC Park, briefly reverted to Rochester Rhinos Stadium, later Marina Auto Stadium, now Sahlen's Stadium
Papa John's Cardinal Stadium, now Cardinal Stadium (nonsponsored)
Pengrowth Saddledome, originally the Olympic Saddledome and Canadian Airlines Saddledome, now the Scotiabank Saddledome
Pepper Stadium, now Penrith Stadium
Pepsi Arena, now Times Union Center
Pepsi Center, now Ball Arena
Philips Arena, now State Farm Arena
Pilot Field, later North AmeriCare Park, Dunn Tire Park, and Coca-Cola Field, now Sahlen Field
Pizza Hut Park, reverted to FC Dallas Stadium, now Toyota Stadium
Power Balance Pavilion, originally ARCO Arena, now Sleep Train Arena
PPL Park, later Talen Energy Stadium, now Subaru Park
Pro Player Stadium, formerly Joe Robbie Stadium, later Dolphins Stadium, Dolphin Stadium, briefly Land Shark Stadium, then Sun Life Stadium, now Hard Rock Stadium
PSINet Stadium, formerly Ravens Stadium, now M&T Bank Stadium
Qualcomm Stadium, first known as San Diego Stadium and later as Jack Murphy Stadium (neither sponsored); closed as SDCCU Stadium
Quicken Loans Arena, originally Gund Arena (non-sponsored), now Rocket Mortgage FieldHouse (due to rights holder's choice to promote one of its other businesses)
Qwest Center (Bossier City, Louisiana), later CenturyLink Center, now Brookshire Grocery Arena
Qwest Center Omaha, later CenturyLink Center Omaha, now CHI Health Center Omaha
Raley Field, now Sutter Health Park
RBC Center, originally Raleigh Sports & Entertainment Arena (nonsponsored), now PNC Arena
Rexall Place, formerly Northlands Coliseum and Skyreach Centre; reverted to Northlands Coliseum (Edmonton, Alberta, Canada)
Rich Stadium, later Ralph Wilson Stadium (nonsponsored name), New Era Field, and Bills Stadium (also nonsponsored; now Highmark Stadium)
Safeco Field, now T-Mobile Park
Savvis Center, formerly Kiel Center (nonsponsored name), later Scottrade Center, now Enterprise Center
Saunders Honda Stadium, originally Deva Stadium (current nonsponsored name), later The Cestrian Trading Stadium, now Exacta Stadium
Sazka Arena, now O2 Arena
SBC Center, now AT&T Center
SBC Park, formerly Pacific Bell Park, later AT&T Park, now Oracle Park
Securicor Loftus, formerly Loftus Versfeld Stadium and Minolta Loftus, now once again Loftus Versfeld Stadium
Security Bank Ballpark, now Momentum Bank Ballpark
Security Service Field, now UCHealth Park
Shawmut Center, later FleetCenter and TD Banknorth Garden, now TD Garden
Sovereign Bank Stadium, later Santander Stadium, then PeoplesBank Park, now WellSpan Park
St. Pete Times Forum, originally Ice Palace (nonsponsored), later Tampa Bay Times Forum (due to name change by naming rights holder), now Amalie Arena
Sommet Center, originally Nashville Arena, then Gaylord Entertainment Center, reverted to Nashville Arena before becoming Sommet Center; now Bridgestone Arena
Spectrum Stadium, originally Bright House Networks Stadium, later the non-sponsored Bounce House, now FBC Mortgage Stadium
Spirit Communications Park, now Segra Park
Spring Mobile Ballpark, formerly Franklin Covey Field, now Smith's Ballpark
Sprint Center, now T-Mobile Center
State Mutual Stadium, now AdventHealth Stadium
Stockland Stadium, originally Willows Sports Complex (nonsponsored name), later Malanda Stadium, now Dairy Farmers Stadium
Sun Life Stadium, originally Joe Robbie Stadium; later Pro Player Park, Pro Player Stadium, Dolphins Stadium, Dolphin Stadium, and Land Shark Stadium; now Hard Rock Stadium
SunTrust Park, now Truist Park
Taco Bell Arena, now ExtraMile Arena
Taco John's Events Centerl, now Cheyenne Ice and Events Center
Talen Energy Stadium, originally PPL Park, now Subaru Park
TD Bank Sports Center, now People's United Center
TD Banknorth Garden, previously Shawmut Center and FleetCenter, now TD Garden (latest change due to rebranding by naming rights holder)
TD Waterhouse Centre, now Amway Arena
TD Ameritrade Park Omaha now known as Charles Schwab Field Omaha
TECO Arena, formerly Everblades Arena, now Hertz Arena
Telstra Dome, originally Colonial Stadium, later Etihad Stadium, now Marvel Stadium
Telstra Stadium, formerly Stadium Australia, now ANZ Stadium
Telus Field, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
The Bank of Kentucky Center, now Truist Arena
TI Circuit Aida, now Okayama International Circuit
Topper Stadium, formerly Breakers Stadium, later reverted to Breakers Stadium, now The Gardens
Toyota Arena (Prague), originally Letná Stadium (nonsponsored name); later AXA Arena, now Generali Arena
Toyota Park, now SeatGeek Stadium
Toyota Speedway at Irwindale, now Irwindale Event Center
Trans World Dome, later Edward Jones Dome, now reverted to The Dome at America's Center (nonsponsored name)
UC Health Stadium, previously Champion Window Field, later the non-sponsored Y'alls Ballpark, now Thomas More Stadium
Uniprix Stadium, previously Du Maurier Stadium, now IGA Stadium
United Spirit Arena, now United Supermarkets Arena (changed when naming rights holder chose to use its corporate name instead of a company slogan)
U.S. Cellular Park, originally (New) Comiskey Park (nonsponsored), now Guaranteed Rate Field
Valley View Casino Center, formerly iPayOne Center, now Pechanga Arena
Verizon Arena, formerly Alltel Arena, now Simmons Bank Arena
Vodafone Arena, later Hisense Arena, now Melbourne Arena
Wachovia Arena at Casey Plaza, originally Northeastern Pennsylvania Civic Arena and Convention Center and then First Union Arena; now Mohegan Sun Arena at Casey Plaza
Weidner Field, previously Coleman Park, Sand Creek Stadium, and Switchbacks Stadium; now Switchbacks Training Stadium (no other names have been sponsored)
Wachovia Center, originally CoreStates Center and First Union Center, now Wells Fargo Center
Westpac Park, reverted to original name of Seddon Park
Williamson Motors Stadium, formerly the 96.6 TFM Darlington Arena, now the Balfour Webnet Darlington Arena
WisePies Arena, originally University Arena (nonsponsored), later Dreamstyle Arena, now reverted to its longstanding nickname of The Pit
Whitaker Bank Ballpark now Lexington Legends Ballpark
In an unusual situation, The Jungle, a rugby league stadium in Castleford, England, retained its name even after a naming rights contract expired. The occupants of the stadium, the Castleford Tigers, decided it was appropriate to keep the "Jungle" name.
Aborted naming rights deals
At least two venues had naming rights deals in place, but the deals were canceled before the name was ever officially used:
The University of Missouri announced that its new basketball arena, set to open in 2004, would be named Paige Sports Arena after Paige Laurie, daughter of major donors Bill and Nancy Laurie. However, when it was discovered that Paige had never earned a claimed degree from the University of Southern California, the university and the elder Lauries agreed to remove Paige's name from the venue. The facility opened as, and remains to this day, Mizzou Arena.
In February 2013, Florida Atlantic University announced that it had sold the naming rights to its football venue, FAU Stadium, to GEO Group, an operator of private prisons. However, the FAU football play-by-play announcer immediately dubbed the venue "Owlcatraz" (a play on the school's nickname and the infamous Alcatraz prison), and several other protests quickly followed. Due to the pressure, the school and company agreed to rescind the naming deal before it ever took effect.
The Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum announced that the naming rights would be sold to United Airlines, renaming the stadium United Airlines Coliseum, however, after major backlash and United not wanting to change the name to anything other than the United Airlines Coliseum, the deal was cancelled and remains as the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum.
In February 2022, Citypark, home venue of the 2023 Major League Soccer expansion club St. Louis City SC, was named Centene Stadium after the St. Louis-based managed healthcare company Centene Corporation acquired the naming rights. However, in October 2022, Centene pulled out of the 15-year contract before the stadium's opening.
Naming rights for closed venues
Allianz Stadium – Final sponsored name of the stadium historically known as Sydney Football Stadium; also previously sponsored as Aussie Stadium. Closed in October 2018 and demolished in 2019.
AMI Stadium in Christchurch, New Zealand – Final sponsored name of the stadium historically known as Lancaster Park; also had a sponsored name of Jade Stadium. Damaged beyond repair in the 2011 Christchurch earthquake and eventually demolished; the AMI Stadium name was transferred to the venue historically known as Rugby League Park.
Amway Arena in Orlando, Florida, USA (closed September 30, 2010; demolished March 25, 2012)
BMO Harris Bradley Center in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA (closed July 25, 2018; demolished May 31, 2019)
Busch Memorial Stadium in St. Louis, Missouri, USA (demolished December 8, 2005)
Busch Stadium (original) in St. Louis, Missouri, USA (demolished 1966)
Campbell's Field in Camden, New Jersey, USA (demolished December 2018)
Canad Inns Stadium in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (demolished August 2013)
Cinergy Field in Cincinnati, Ohio, USA (demolished December 29, 2002)
Colisée Pepsi in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (closed September 14, 2015)
Compaq Center in Houston (closed as a sports facility in December 2003; now the main worship center for Lakewood Church)
Estadio Corona (original) in Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico (demolished November 2, 2009)
Houlihan's Stadium in Tampa, Florida, USA (demolished 1999)
Mall of America Field at the Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome, 2009-2013. Stadium closed in 2014 and was demolished, U.S. Bank Stadium now stands on the site.
Mazda CP Mine Circuit in Mine, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan (closed in February 2006, became a private testing site when it was sold to its sponsor, now Mine Proving Grounds)
McCain Stadium in Scarborough, England (closed May 2007; still standing, but damaged in an October 2008 fire)
Mosaic Stadium at Taylor Field in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada (closed on November 5, 2016; demolished October 27, 2017)
NRG Astrodome in Houston, Texas, USA (closed 2004)
RCA Dome in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA (demolished December 20, 2008)
SDCCU Stadium in San Diego – Final sponsored name of the stadium originally known as San Diego Stadium and later as Jack Murphy Stadium. Sponsored as Qualcomm Stadium from 1997 to 2017. Closed in March 2020 and demolished in 2021.
Sleep Train Arena in Sacramento, California, USA (closed December 17, 2016)
US Airways Arena in Landover, Maryland, USA (demolished December 15, 2002)
Wachovia Spectrum (originally the Spectrum; later sponsored as CoreStates Spectrum and FirstUnion Spectrum) in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA (closed October 31, 2009; demolition came in 2011.)
WesBank Raceway in Germiston, Gauteng, South Africa (closed to be demolished)
Naming rights for venues never built
Arco Park in Sacramento, California, US (Started construction on foundation in 1989, however, nothing has been constructed besides concrete slabs and remnants still remain today)
Cisco Field in Fremont, California, and later San Jose, California, US (proposed in 2005; proposal abandoned in 2015)
Farmers Field in Los Angeles, California, US (proposed in 2010; proposal abandoned in 2015)
Labatt Park in Montreal, Quebec, Canada (proposed in 2000; proposal abandoned in 2002)
National Car Rental Field in St. Louis, Missouri, US (proposed in 2015; proposal abandoned in 2016 after the NFL's Rams moved back to Los Angeles)
Naming rights for future venues
Opening in 2023
F&M Bank Arena in Clarksville, Tennessee – multi-purpose indoor arena (Austin Peay Governors basketball)
Midco Arena in Sioux Falls, South Dakota — hockey-focused indoor arena (Augustana Vikings, NCAA)
Opening in 2024
Intuit Dome in Inglewood, California — multi-purpose indoor arena (Los Angeles Clippers)
Opening at an undetermined date
Conoco Stadium in Great Coates, North East Lincolnshire, England, United Kingdom — football (soccer) stadium, Grimsby Town Football Club. Planning permission granted, but no definite date set for construction.
See also
List of cultural entities with sole naming rights
List of sports venues named after individuals
References
Lists of stadiums
Lists of sports venues
Naming in sports |
No. 321 (Dutch) Squadron RAF was a unit of the Royal Air Force during the Second World War formed from the personnel of the Marineluchtvaartdienst (MLD), the Royal Netherlands Naval Air Service.
History
Formation
Formed on 1 June 1940 at RAF Pembroke Dock, the squadron moved to RAF Carew Cheriton on 28 July 1940 and became operational. The squadron flew coastal and anti-submarine patrols with Avro Ansons until the squadron was disbanded, due to lack of personnel, and merged with No. 320 (Netherlands) Squadron on 18 January 1941.
Catalinas
The squadron was re-activated at RAF Trincomalee, Ceylon on 15 August 1942. It was equipped with Consolidated Catalinas, which were crewed by MLD personnel who escaped to Ceylon. The squadron's headquarters was located at RAF China Bay with detachments based in Mombasa, Cocos Islands, Socotra, Masirah, Ceylon, Durban, Port Elizabeth, Aden and Cape Town. Supplemented with Consolidated Liberators in July 1945, the air echelon moved to Cocos Island in preparation for Operation Zipper, the proposed invasion of Malaya.
After the Japanese surrender, relief flights and supply drops to thousands of internees in the POW camps were flown to Java and Sumatra, and in October the squadron moved to its new base near Batavia, where the squadron passed to MLD control on 8 December 1945, keeping the same squadron number, No. 321 Squadron MLD. Along with 320 Squadron, it flew maritime patrol missions from Valkenburg for decades afterwards. The Squadron was disbanded in January 2005, due to budget cuts.
Aircraft operated
Commanding officers
References
Citations
Bibliography
Halley, James J. The Squadrons of the Royal Air Force & Commonwealth 1918–1988. Tonbridge, Kent, UK: Air Britain (Historians) Ltd., 1988. .
Jefford, C.G. RAF Squadrons, a Comprehensive Record of the Movement and Equipment of all RAF Squadrons and their Antecedents since 1912. Shrewsbury, Shropshire, UK: Airlife Publishing, 2001. .
Rawlings, John D.R. Coastal, Support and Special Squadrons of the RAF and their Aircraft. London: Jane's Publishing Company Ltd., 1982. .
External links
Scramble – The Aviation Magazine
Squadron bases at RAF Commands
RAF website
Nos 310–330 Squadron Aircraft & Markings on RAFweb
Nos. 310–347 Squadron Histories on RAFweb
321
Military units and formations established in 1940
Aircraft squadrons of the Royal Air Force in World War II
Military units and formations of the Netherlands in World War II
Maritime patrol aircraft units and formations
Military units and formations of Ceylon in World War II
N
Netherlands–United Kingdom military relations
Military units and formations disestablished in 1945 |
Peter Van Brugh Livingston (bp. November 3, 1710 Albany, New York – December 28, 1792 Elizabethtown, Union County, New Jersey) was a Patriot during the American Revolution who was a wealthy merchant and who served as the 1st New York State Treasurer from 1776 to 1778.
Early life
Peter Van Brugh Livingston was the second surviving son of Philip Livingston (1686–1749), the 2nd Lord of Livingston Manor, and Catharine Van Brugh (b. 1689). His older brother was Robert Livingston (1708–1790) and his younger brothers included Philip Livingston (1716–1778), a signer of the United States Declaration of Independence, and William Livingston (1723–1790), a signer of the United States Constitution and the 1st Governor of New Jersey. Livingston graduated from Yale College in 1731, and settled in New York City.
Livingston's mother was the only child of his namesake, Pieter Van Brugh (1666–1740), the Mayor of Albany, New York from 1699 to 1700 and from 1721 to 1723. His grandfather's sister, Catharina Van Brugh, married Hendrick van Rensselaer, the son of Jeremias van Rensselaer, patroon of Rensselaerswyck. Livingston's maternal great-grandfather, Johannes Pieterse van Brugh (1624–1697), was one of the early settlers of New Netherland and was prominently connected with the Dutch West India Company.
His paternal grandparents were Alida Schuyler (1656–1727) and Robert Livingston the Elder (1654–1728), and his uncle was Robert Livingston (1688–1775) of Clermont.
Career
After his graduation from Yale, he became engaged in the shipping business with William Alexander, Lord Stirling. He was also engaged in the slave trade with his father. Livingston's mercantile interests involved activities in the West Indies, North Carolina, and Fort Niagara, where he was involved in the fur trade.
In 1748, he became one of founders and original trustees of the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University), and served until 1761. In 1755, he furnished the supplies for the expedition of Governor William Shirley to Acadia.
In 1775, he was a member of the Committee of One Hundred. He was a delegate to the New York Provincial Congresses, and was President from May 1775 to August 1775 and from September 1776 to March 1777. He was also Chairman of the Committee of Safety from September 1776 to March 1777. In 1776, he was appointed Treasurer by the Provincial Congress, and remained in office until 1778, after the establishment of the State Government.
Personal life
His home in New York City was a large mansion on the east side of what is now Hanover Square, with grounds extending to the East River. Later he removed to Elizabethtown, N.J., and died there at the Liberty Hall.
On November 3, 1739, Peter Van Brugh Livingston he married Mary Alexander (1721–1767), the daughter of James Alexander and Mary Spratt Provoost, and the sister of his business associate, Lord Stirling. Before her death in 1767, they had twelve children, including:
Philip Peter Livingston (1740–1810), who was known as "Gentleman Phil," and who married Cornelia Van Horne (b. 1759).
Mary Livingston (1742), who died in infancy.
Catherine Livingston (1743–1775), who married Nicholas Bayard.
James Alexander Livingston (b. 1744).
Mary Livingston (1746–1780), who married Capt. John Brown.
Peter Livingston (b. 1753), who married Susan Blondel.
Sarah Livingston (1755–1825), who married Capt. James Ricketts.
William Alexander Livingston (1757–1780), who was killed in a duel.
Susan Livingston (1759–1853), who married (1) John Kean in 1789; (2) Count Julian Niemcewicz in 1800, aide to Kosciuzko.
Elizabeth Livingston (1761–1787), who married French consul Monsieur Otto.
James Alexander Livingston (b. 1763), who died young.
Ann Livingston (b. 1767), who died young.
On April 9, 1771, he married Elizabeth Ricketts, the widow of William Ricketts, in Elizabethtown, New Jersey.
Descendants and honors
Through his eldest son Philip, he was the grandfather of Van Brugh Livingston (1792–1868), who served as the American Chargé d'affaires (i.e. equivalent of the current U.S. Ambassador) to Ecuador from August 12, 1848 until November 12, 1849, appointed by President James K. Polk.
Livingston's daughter Susan Niemcewicz established a scholarship at the College of New Jersey, named in honor of her father.
See also
Livingston family
References
Notes
Sources
Political Graveyard
Google Books The New York Civil List compiled by Franklin Benjamin Hough (page 35; Weed, Parsons and Co., 1858)
1710 births
1792 deaths
Peter Van Brugh
Schuyler family
Members of the New York Provincial Congress
American people of Scottish descent
American slave traders
American people of Dutch descent
New York State Treasurers
Yale College alumni
Van Brugh family
Politicians from Albany, New York
Politicians from New York City
Politicians from Elizabeth, New Jersey
American businesspeople in shipping
18th-century American businesspeople |
Orava Castle (, , ) is a castle situated on a high rock above Orava river in the village of Oravský Podzámok, Slovakia. It is considered to be one of the most beautiful castles in Slovakia. The castle was built in the Kingdom of Hungary in the thirteenth century. Many scenes of the 1922 film Nosferatu were filmed here, the castle representing Count Orlok's Transylvanian castle.
Orava Castle stands on the site of an old wooden fortification, built after the Mongol invasion of Hungary of 1241. Its history follows a familiar pattern of construction, destruction, reconstruction, fire, various ownerships and territorial squabbles. The original design was in Romanesque and Gothic style; it was later reconstructed as a Renaissance and Neo-Gothic structure, hugging the shape of the 520-metre spur on which it perches.
The mining magnate Thurzo family, who took charge in the mid-16th century, were responsible for a great deal of rebuilding work, although its present form was not finalised until 1611. It burned down again in 1800, after which it was no longer used as a residence. After a period of dilapidation dating until World War II, the castle became a national monument.
Origins
The natural rock formation known as "castle cliff" – a limy spur 112 meters (367 ft) high, surrounded by the river Orava and its right tributary stream – has been inhabited since primeval times. During its history a wooden rampart became a strong walled castle of which the first written record dates back to 1267. At that time only the ground floor was built of stone, while the upper floors were made of wood.
In 1370 as part of the Hungarian Kingdom the castle became the center of Árva county. A tetrahedral multi-story towerntury was built here in the 14th century, probably on older foundations, as a donjon – the place of "last defense" within the castle. After 1474, King Matthias Corvinus gave orders to build a square and a residence-wing in the Middle Castle. The buildings were situated in front of the castle. In 1534 John of Dubovec obtained the castle and became head of the county. He started to rebuild the castle and to make new fortifications. He ordered the building of a half-round tower in the Upper Castle that in 1539 was followed by two large round fortifications for cannons in the Middle Castle. The middle platform was also configured for cannon firing. In the years 1539 to 1543 John of Dubovec built a five-story palace in the empty space between the tower and the stone wall of the Upper Castle. The threat of Ottoman invasion was the reason for building these new fortifications. A new gate with a ditch and drawbridge in the Lower Castle was completed in 1543. The Tower of the Archives was built against the castle walls.
16th–18th centuries
After the death of John of Dubovec, his heirs quarreled over the inheritance and the situation became so bad that the castle even became a store-house. It was paid for by the mine owner Ferenc Thurzó. A lot of building activity took place at the castle following this time period. The wooden stairs in the Upper Castle were replaced by stone stairs. The same was done to the stairs between the Middle and the Upper Castle with the drawbridge. A cellar was also dug out of the stone of the castle court and a single-story residence-wing was built in the lower castle near the west wall.
György Thurzó also carried out some important repairs. One of the first was the building of a tunnel between both castle gates, above which was formed a large terrace. After this was all done he moved the living-quarters and the building of the chapel started using parts of some old architecture. The interior furnishing of the chapel was later arranged in a taste which suited the new owners of the castle. One of the most well-known features is the Renaissance grave tomb of György Thurzó from the beginning of the 17th century and the Baroque altar from 1751–1752.
Disuse, fire and the museum
After the death of Erzsébet Czobor, the widow of György Thurzó, the castle became the property of Thurzó's daughters, who entrusted its administration to an elected administrator. Because of changes in politics, society and the economy, the castle gradually lost its important functions. Only a few clerks stayed on and the uninhabited and disused parts of the castle gradually deteriorated. The greatest catastrophe affected the castle in 1800, when a gigantic fire destroyed all the wooden parts of the castle. Some objects from the Lower Castle were recovered after the fire because they had been covered by the roof shingles. However, the objects from the Middle and Upper Castle were not reconstructed until 1861.
To find a use for the historical object, Ödön Zichy, the administrator of the property (as administrator of Veszprém County), organized a foundation which had the aim of founding a regional museum of Orava. The first exhibition took place at the Thurzo Palace in 1868. Nowadays, the Orava Museum is one of the oldest in Slovakia. Its most attractive expositions are those of the Castle Chapel, the Knights' Room, and several rooms with period-style furnishing. Further highlights include the Painting Gallery, the Weapon room, and the scientific, ethnographic and archaeological collections.
Cultural references
Many scenes of the 1922 film Nosferatu were filmed here, the castle representing Count Orlok's Transylvanian castle; In their 2020 TV adaptation of Bram Stoker's novel Dracula, Mark Gatiss and Steven Moffat also used Orava as their Castle Dracula. Orava Castle served as the filming location for the 2000 film, Dragonheart: A New Beginning. It was also used by the Polish video game company CD Projekt as inspiration for the fictional Kaer Morhen, fortress for the witchers of the Wolf School in Andrzej Sapkowski's The Witcher book series. Van Helsing's season 5 was filmed on location.
References
External links
Orava Castle from Slovak Heritage
Orava Castle Tour Information from Muzeum.sk
Photographs of Orava Castle from Muzeum.sk
Christmas at Orava Castle
http://www.oravskyhrad.sk/
Paper model of Orava Castle
Drone video of Orava Castle
Slovak Spectator - Orava Castle: Dracula's Slovak residence
Castles in Slovakia
Museums in Žilina Region
Tourist attractions in Žilina Region
13th-century architecture in Slovakia
Romanesque architecture in Slovakia
Gothic architecture in Slovakia
Renaissance architecture in Slovakia
Gothic Revival architecture in Slovakia
Buildings and structures in Žilina Region
Dracula
Buildings and structures completed in the 13th century |
Ice water may refer to:
Music
Ice Water (song), a song from Cat Power's second album Myra Lee
Ice Water (album), an album by guitarist Leo Kottke
Ice Water Inc., a music group affiliated with the Wu Tang Clan
Other uses
Ice Water (horse), a thoroughbred racehorse
See also
Cold pressor test, a cardiovascular test performed by immersing the hand into ice water
Ice
Water ice (disambiguation) |
A general anaesthetic (or anesthetic) is a drug that brings about a reversible loss of consciousness. These drugs are generally administered by an anaesthetist/anesthesiologist to induce or maintain general anaesthesia to facilitate surgery.
General anaesthetics have been widely used in surgery since 1842 when Crawford Long for the first time administered diethyl ether to a patient and performed a painless operation. It has long been believed that general anaesthetics exert their effects (analgesia, unconsciousness, immobility) through a membrane mediated mechanism or by directly modulating the activity of membrane proteins in the neuronal membrane.
In general, different anaesthetics exhibit different mechanisms of action such that there are numerous molecular targets at all levels of integration within the central nervous system.
However, for certain intravenous anaesthetics, such as propofol and etomidate, the main molecular target has been identified to be GABAA receptor, with particular β subunits playing a crucial role.
The concept of specific interactions between receptors and drugs first introduced by Paul Ehrlich in 1897 states that drugs act only when they are bound to their targets (receptors). The identification of concrete molecular targets for general anaesthetics was made possible only with the modern development of molecular biology techniques for single amino acid mutations in proteins of genetically engineered mice.
Lipid solubility-anaesthetic potency correlation (the Meyer-Overton correlation)
A nonspecific mechanism of general anaesthetic action was first proposed by Emil Harless and Ernst von Bibra in 1847.
They suggested that general anaesthetics may act by dissolving in the fatty fraction of brain cells and removing fatty constituents from them, thus changing activity of brain cells and inducing anaesthesia. In 1899 Hans Horst Meyer published the first experimental evidence of the fact that anaesthetic potency is related to lipid solubility. Two years later a similar theory was published independently by Charles Ernest Overton.
Meyer compared the potency of many agents, defined as the reciprocal of the molar concentration required to induce anaesthesia in tadpoles, with their olive oil/water partition coefficient. He found a nearly linear relationship between potency and the partition coefficient for many types of anaesthetic molecules such as alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, ethers, and esters.
The anaesthetic concentration required to induce anaesthesia in 50% of a population of animals (the EC50) was independent of the means by which the anaesthetic was delivered, i.e., the gas or aqueous phase.
Meyer and Overton had discovered the striking correlation between the physical properties of general anaesthetic molecules and their potency: the greater the lipid solubility of a compound in olive oil, the greater its anaesthetic potency. This correlation is true for a wide range of anaesthetics with lipid solubilities ranging over 4-5 orders of magnitude if olive oil is used as the oil phase. This correlation can be improved considerably in terms of both the quality of the correlation and the increased range of anaesthetics if bulk octanol or a fully hydrated fluid lipid bilayer is used as the "oil" phase. It was also noted that volatile anaesthetics are additive in their effects (a mixture of a half dose of two different volatile anaesthetics gave the same anaesthetic effect as a full dose of either drug alone).
Early lipid hypotheses of general anaesthetic action
From the correlation between lipid solubility and anaesthetic potency, both Meyer and Overton had surmised a unitary mechanism of general anaesthesia. They assumed that solubilization of lipophilic general anaesthetic in lipid bilayer of the neuron causes its malfunction and anaesthetic effect when critical concentration of anaesthetic is reached. Later in 1973 Miller and Smith suggested the critical volume hypothesis also called lipid bilayer expansion hypothesis.
They assumed that bulky and hydrophobic anaesthetic molecules accumulate inside the hydrophobic (or lipophilic) regions of neuronal lipid membrane causing its distortion and expansion (thickening) due to volume displacement. Accumulation of critical amounts of anaesthetic causes membrane thickening sufficient to reversibly alter function of membrane ion channels thus providing anaesthetic effect. Actual chemical structure of the anaesthetic agent per se is not important, but its molecular volume plays the major role: the more space within membrane is occupied by anaesthetic - the greater is the anaesthetic effect.
Based on this theory, in 1954 Mullins suggested that the Meyer-Overton correlation with potency can be improved if molecular volumes of anaesthetic molecules are taken into account. This theory existed for over 60 years and was supported by experimental fact that increases in atmospheric pressure reverse anaesthetic effect (pressure reversal effect).
Then other, physicochemical theories of anaesthetic action emerged that took into account the diverse chemical nature of general anaesthetics and suggested that anaesthetic effect is exerted through some perturbation of the lipid bilayer. Several types of bilayer perturbations were proposed to cause anaesthetic effect, including (1) changes in phase separation, (2) changes in bilayer thickness, (3) changes in order parameters, or (4) changes in curvature elasticity.
According to the lateral phase separation theory anaesthetics exert their action by fluidizing nerve membranes to a point when phase separations in the critical lipid regions disappear. This anaesthetic-induced fluidization makes membranes less able to facilitate the conformational changes in proteins that may be the basis for such membrane events as ion gating, synaptic transmitter release, and transmitter binding to receptors. More recent techniques with super resolution imaging show that the anesthetics do not overcome phase separation—the phase separation persists. Rather saturated lipids within the phase separation can undergo a transitions from ordered to disordered which is dramatically affected by anesthetics. Nonetheless the concept of proteins moving between phase separated lipids in response to anesthetic has now been shown to be correct.
All these early lipid theories were generally thought to suffer from four weaknesses (full description with rebuttals see in sections below):
Stereoisomers of an anaesthetic drug have very different anaesthetic potency whereas their oil/gas partition coefficients are similar
Certain drugs that are highly soluble in lipids, therefore expected to act as anaesthetics, exert convulsive effect instead (and therefore were called nonimmobilizers).
A small increase in body temperature affects membrane density and fluidity as much as general anaesthetics, yet it does not cause anaesthesia.
Increasing the chain length in a homologous series of straight-chain alcohols or alkanes increases their lipid solubility, but their anaesthetic potency stops increasing beyond a certain cutoff length.
The correlation between lipid solubility and potency of general anaesthetics was thought to be a necessary but insufficient condition for inferring a lipid target site. General anaesthetics could equally well be binding to hydrophobic target sites on proteins in the brain, but given the chemical diversity of anesthetics this would likely need to include more than one site and those sites would not inherently preclude a site in the membrane. For protein's, one reason that more polar general anaesthetics could be less potent is that they have to cross the blood–brain barrier to exert their effect on neurons in the brain.
Objections to the early lipid hypotheses
1. Stereoisomers of an anaesthetic drug
Stereoisomers that represent mirror images of each other are termed enantiomers or optical isomers (for example, the isomers of R-(+)- and S-(−)-etomidate).
Physicochemical effects of enantiomers are always identical in an achiral environment (for example in the lipid bilayer). However, in vivo enantiomers of many general anaesthetics (e.g. isoflurane, thiopental, etomidate) can differ greatly in their anaesthetic potency despite the similar oil/gas partition coefficients. For example, the R-(+) isomer of etomidate is 10 times more potent anaesthetic than its S-(-) isomer. This means that optical isomers partition identically into lipid, but have differential effects on ion channels and synaptic transmission. This objection provides a compelling evidence that the primary target for anaesthetics is not the achiral lipid bilayer itself but rather stereoselective binding sites on membrane proteins that provide a chiral environment for specific anaesthetic-protein docking interactions.
Rebuttal to the objection: 1) Stereo selective transport of the anesthetic was never considered. Anesthetics are hydrophobic and transported bound to proteins in the blood. Any stereo selective binding to the transport protein would change the concentration at the site of action. Furthermore a protein sink in the membrane could bind one of the isomers slightly better and reduce the effective concentration the membrane experiences. All stereo isomers are effective anesthetics, they only shifted the sensitivity, suggesting selective transport and selective protein sinks need to be considered. 2) Lipids are chiral, the same as proteins. And like proteins, lipids have ordered and disordered regions. The field failed to investigate the chirality of ordered lipids due to a lack of knowledge of their existence.
2. Nonimmobilizers
All general anaesthetics induce immobilization (absence of movement in response to noxious stimuli) through depression of spinal cord functions, whereas their amnesic actions are exerted within the brain. According to the Meyer-Overton correlation the anaesthetic potency of the drug is directly proportional to its lipid solubility, however, there are many compounds that do not satisfy this rule. These drugs are strikingly similar to potent general anaesthetics and are predicted to be potent anaesthetics based on their lipid solubility, but they exert only one constituent of the anaesthetic action (amnesia) and do not suppress movement (i.e. do not depress spinal cord functions) as all anaesthetics do. These drugs are referred to as nonimmobilizers. The existence of nonimmobilizers suggests that anaesthetics induce different components of anaesthetic effect (amnesia and immobility) by affecting different molecular targets and not just the one target (neuronal bilayer) as it was believed earlier. Good example of non-immobilizers are halogenated alkanes that are very hydrophobic, but fail to suppress movement in response to noxious stimulation at appropriate concentrations. See also: flurothyl.
Rebuttal to the objection: This is a logical fallacy. The hypothesis does not require that every molecule ever tested obeys the hypothesis for the hypothesis to be true. The existence of less than 10-20 related compounds that are known to disobey the Meyer-Overton hypothesis in no way negates the hundreds if not thousands of chemically diverse compounds that do obey the Meyer-Overton hypothesis. Exceptions can exists for reasons unrelated to the mechanism underlying the Meyer-Overton hypothesis.
3. Temperature increases do not have anaesthetic effect
Experimental studies have shown that general anaesthetics including ethanol are potent fluidizers of natural and artificial membranes. However, changes in membrane density and fluidity in the presence of clinical concentrations of general anaesthetics are so small that relatively small increases in temperature (~1 °C) can mimic them without causing anaesthesia. The change in body temperature of approximately 1 °C is within the physiological range and clearly it is not sufficient to induce loss of consciousness per se. Thus membranes are fluidized only by large quantities of anaesthetics, but there are no changes in membrane fluidity when concentrations of anaesthetics are small and restricted to pharmacologically relevant.
Rebuttal to the objection: Early studies only considered the fluidity of the bulk lipid membrane. Recent work has shown that small temperature changes can cause large changes in fluidity in ordered nanoscopic lipid domains in both animals and cells.
4. Effect vanishes beyond a certain chain length
According to the Meyer-Overton correlation, in a homologous series of any general anaesthetic (e.g. n-alcohols, or alkanes), increasing the chain length increases the lipid solubility, and thereby should produce a corresponding increase in anaesthetic potency. However, beyond a certain chain length the anaesthetic effect disappears. For the n-alcohols, this cutoff occurs at a carbon chain length of about 13 and for the n-alkanes at a chain length of between 6 and 10, depending on the species.
If general anaesthetics disrupt ion channels by partitioning into and perturbing the lipid bilayer, then one would expect that their solubility in lipid bilayers would also display the cutoff effect. However, partitioning of alcohols into lipid bilayers does not display a cutoff for long-chain alcohols from n-decanol to n-pentadecanol. A plot of chain length vs. the logarithm of the lipid bilayer/buffer partition coefficient K is linear, with the addition of each methylene group causing a change in the Gibbs free energy of -3.63 kJ/mol.
The cutoff effect was first interpreted as evidence that anaesthetics exert their effect not by acting globally on membrane lipids but rather by binding directly to hydrophobic pockets of well-defined volumes in proteins. As the alkyl chain grows, the anaesthetic fills more of the hydrophobic pocket and binds with greater affinity. When the molecule is too large to be entirely accommodated by the hydrophobic pocket, the binding affinity no longer increases with increasing chain length. Thus the volume of the n-alkanol chain at the cutoff length provides an estimate of the binding site volume. This objection provided the basis for protein hypothesis of anaesthetic effect (see below).
However, cutoff effect can still be explained in the frame of lipid hypothesis. In short-chain alkanols (A) segments of the chain are rather rigid (in terms of conformational enthropy) and very close to hydroxyl group tethered to aqueous interfacial region ("buoy"). Consequently, these segments efficiently redistribute lateral stresses from the bilayer interior toward the interface. In long-chain alkanols (B) hydrocarbon chain segments are located further from hydroxyl group and are more flexible than in short-chain alkanols. Efficiency of pressure redistribution decreases as the length of hydrocarbon chain increases until anaesthetic potency is lost at some point. It was proposed that polyalkanols (C) will have anaesthetic effect similar to short-chain 1-alkanols if the chain length between two neighbouring hydroxyl groups is smaller than the cutoff. This idea was supported by the experimental evidence because polyhydroxyalkanes 1,6,11,16-hexadecanetetraol and 2,7,12,17-octadecanetetraol exhibited significant anaesthetic potency as was originally proposed.
Rebuttal to the objection: The argument assumes that all classes of anaesthetics must work the same on the membrane. It is quite possible that one or two classes of molecules could work through a non-membrane mediated mechanism. For example, the alcohols were shown to incorporate into the lipid membrane via an enzymatic transphosphatidylation reaction. The ethanol metabolite bound to and inhibited an anesthetic channel. And while this mechanism may contradict a single unitary mechanism of anaesthesia, it does not preclude a membrane mediated one.
Modern lipid hypothesis
There are two modern lipid hypothesis. The most recent hypothesis postulates that ordered lipids in the plasma membrane contain a structured binding site for the lipid palmitate. It is a lipid binding site within a lipid structure, not a protein structure. Proteins that contain a covalently attached palmitate (palmitoylation) are targeted to the ordered lipids through the lipid-lipid interaction. The binding of palmitate to the lipid domain is cholesterol dependent and the cell regulates the protein by nanoscopic localization. The anesthetics work by inserting into the membrane between the cholesterol and the palmitate, which disrupts the ability of the cholesterol to bind to and sequester the protein into an inactive state. This membrane mediated mechanism was demonstrated experimentally by Pavel and colleagues in 2020. They showed the enzyme phospholipase D2 (PLD2) is anesthetic sensitive and activates the potassium channel TREK-1 through a membrane mediated mechanism. The anesthetics displaced PLD2 from ordered lipid domains allowing the enzyme to be activated by substrate presentation and activate the channel.
The second lipid hypothesis states that anaesthetic effect happens if solubilization of general anaesthetic in the bilayer causes a redistribution of membrane lateral pressures.
Each bilayer membrane has a distinct profile of how lateral pressures are distributed within it. Most membrane proteins (especially ion channels) are sensitive to changes in this lateral pressure distribution profile. These lateral stresses are rather large and vary with depth within the membrane. According to the modern lipid hypothesis a change in the membrane lateral pressure profile shifts the conformational equilibrium of certain membrane proteins known to be affected by clinical concentrations of anaesthetics such as ligand-gated ion channels. This mechanism is also nonspecific because the potency of the anaesthetic is determined not by its actual chemical structure, but by the positional and orientational distribution of its segments and bonds within the bilayer.
In 1997, Cantor suggested a detailed mechanism of general anesthesia based on lattice statistical thermodynamics. It was proposed that incorporation of amphiphilic and other interfacially active solutes (e.g. general anaesthetics) into the bilayer increases the lateral pressure selectively near the aqueous interfaces, which is compensated by a decrease in lateral pressure toward the centre of the bilayer. Calculations showed that general anaesthesia likely involves inhibition of the opening of the ion channel in a postsynaptic ligand-gated membrane protein by the following mechanism:
A channel tries to open in response to a nerve impulse thus increasing the cross-sectional area of the protein more near the aqueous interface than in the middle of the bilayer;
Then the anaesthetic-induced increase in lateral pressure near the interface shifts the protein conformational equilibrium back to the closed state, since channel opening will require greater work against the higher pressure at interface. This is the first hypothesis that provided not just correlations of potency with structural or thermodynamic properties, but a detailed mechanistic and thermodynamic understanding of anaesthesia.
Thus, according to the modern lipid hypothesis anaesthetics do not act directly on their membrane protein targets, but rather perturb specialized lipid matrices at the protein-lipid interface, which act as mediators. This is a new kind of transduction mechanism, different from the usual key-lock interaction of ligand and receptor, where the anaesthetic (ligand) affects the function of membrane proteins by binding to the specific site on the protein. Thus, some membrane proteins are proposed to be sensitive to their lipid environment.
A slightly different detailed molecular mechanism of how bilayer perturbation can influence the ion-channel was proposed in the same year. Oleamide (fatty acid amide of oleic acid) is an endogenous anaesthetic found in vivo (in the cat's brain) and it is known to potentiate sleep and lower the temperature of the body by closing the gap junction channel connexion. The detailed mechanism is shown on the picture: the well-ordered lipid(green)/cholesterol(yellow) ring that exists around connexon (magenta) becomes disordered on treatment with anaesthetic (red triangles), promoting a closure of connexon ion channel. This decreases brain activity and induces lethargy and anaesthetic effect.
Recently super resolution imaging showed direct experimental evidence that volatile anesthetic disrupt the ordered lipid domains as predicted. In the same study, a related mechanism emerged where the anesthetics released the enzyme phospholipase D (PLD) from lipid domains and the enzyme bound to and activated TREK-1 channel by the production of phosphatidic acid. These results showed experimentally that the membrane is a physiologically relevant target of general anesthetics.
Membrane protein hypothesis of general anaesthetic action
In the early 1980s, Nicholas P. Franks and William R. Lieb demonstrated that the Meyer-Overton correlation can be reproduced using a soluble protein. They found that two classes of proteins are inactivated by clinical doses of anaesthetic in the total absence of lipids. These are luciferases, which are used by bioluminescent animals and bacteria to produce light, and cytochrome P450, which is a group of heme proteins that hydroxylate a diverse group of compounds, including fatty acids, steroids, and xenobiotics such as phenobarbital. Remarkably, inhibition of these proteins by general anaesthetics was directly correlated with their anaesthetic potencies. Luciferase inhibition also exhibits a long-chain alcohol cutoff, which is related to the size of the anaesthetic-binding pocket.
These observations were important because they demonstrated that general anaesthetics may also interact with hydrophobic protein sites of certain proteins, rather than affect membrane proteins indirectly through nonspecific interactions with lipid bilayer as mediator. The sites are enzymatic surfaces that non specifically block the binding of the enzymes substrate. Whether anesthetics bind in a lock and key mechanism capable of initiating the large scale conformational changes that open ion channels and transporters has not yet been definitely demonstrated.
It was shown that anaesthetics alter the functions of many cytoplasmic signalling proteins, including protein kinase C, however, the proteins considered the most likely molecular targets of anaesthetics are ion channels. According to this theory general anaesthetics are much more selective than in the frame of lipid hypothesis and they bind directly only to small number of targets in the central nervous system mostly ligand-gated ion channels in synapses and G-protein coupled receptors altering their ion flux. Particularly Cys-loop receptors are plausible targets for general anaesthetics that bind at the interface between the subunits. The Cys-loop receptor superfamily includes inhibitory receptors (GABAA receptors, GABAC receptors, glycine receptors) and excitatory receptors (nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and 5-HT3 serotonin receptor). General anaesthetics can inhibit the channel functions of excitatory receptors or potentiate functions of inhibitory receptors, respectively.
A number of experimental and computational studies have shown that general anaesthetics could alter the dynamics in the flexible loops that connect α-helices in a bundle and are exposed to the membrane-water interface of Cys-loop receptors. The main binding pockets of general anaesthetics, however, are located within transmembrane four-α-helix bundles of Cys-loop receptors.
GABAA receptor is a major target of general anesthetics
The GABAA receptor (GABAAR) is an ionotropic receptor activated by the inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA).
Activation of the GABAA receptor leads to influx of chloride ions, which causes hyperpolarization of the neuronal membranes.
The GABAA receptor has been identified as the main target of intravenous anesthetics such as propofol and etomidate.
The binding site of propofol on mammalian GABAA receptors has been identified by photolabeling using a diazirine derivative. Strong activation of tonic GABAA receptor conductance by clinical concentrations of propofol has been confirmed with electrophysiological recordings from hippocampal CA1 neurons in adult rat brain slices.
GABAA receptors that contain β3-subunits are the main molecular targets for the anesthetic actions of etomidate, whereas the β2-containing GABAA receptors are involved in the sedation elicited by this drug. Electrophysiological experiments with amnestic concentrations of etomidate have also shown enhancement of tonic GABAA conductance of CA1 pyramidal neurons in hippocampal slices. Potent activation of GABAA receptor-mediated inhibition with resulting strong depression of firing rates of neocortical neurons has been also demonstrated for clinical concentrations of volatile anesthetics such as isoflurane, enflurane and halothane.
Other molecular targets
The enhancement of GABAA receptor activity is unlikely to be the only mechanism to account for the wide range of behavioural effects of general anaesthetics. Accumulating experimental data suggests that modulation of two-pore domain potassium channels, or voltage-gated sodium channels may also account for some of the actions of volatile anaesthetic agents. Alternatively, inhibition of glutamate-gated N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors by ketamine, xenon, and nitrous oxide provides a mechanism of action in keeping with a predominant analgesic profile.
References
Anesthesia
Membrane biology |
The terms conventional weapons or conventional arms generally refer to weapons whose ability to damage comes from kinetic, incendiary, or explosive energy and exclude weapons of mass destruction (e.g. nuclear, biological, radiological and chemical weapons). Conventional weapons include small arms, defensive shields and light weapons, sea and land mines, as well as bombs, shells, rockets, missiles and cluster munitions. These weapons use explosive material based on chemical energy, as opposed to nuclear energy in nuclear weapons.
Conventional weapons are opposed to both "Weapons of Mass Destruction" and "Improvised Weapons".
The acceptable use of all types of conventional weapons in war time is governed by the Geneva Conventions. Certain types of conventional weapons are also regulated or prohibited under the United Nations Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons. Others are prohibited under the Convention on Cluster Munitions, the Ottawa Treaty (also known as the Mine Ban Treaty) and Arms Trade Treaty.
References
Weapons |
The Mayur River is located in Bangladesh. It is a former distributary of the Ganges close to the south and southwestern boundary of the metropolitan area of Khulna, and receives most of the drainage from the city. The river is obstructed by sediment buildup, and its natural tidal flow is prevented by gates.
References
Rivers of Bangladesh
Khulna
Rivers of Khulna Division |
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