text stringlengths 1 22.8M |
|---|
Paule Moris (28 December 1932 – 22 March 2021) was a French alpine skier. She competed in two events at the 1956 Winter Olympics.
References
External links
1932 births
2021 deaths
French female alpine skiers
Olympic alpine skiers for France
Alpine skiers at the 1956 Winter Olympics
Sportspeople from Savoie |
Flos diardi, the bifid plushblue, is a species of lycaenid or blue butterfly found in Asia. The species was first described by William Chapman Hewitson in 1862.
References
Flos
Butterflies of Asia
Butterflies of Singapore
Butterflies of Indonesia |
The Rebel is a 2016 British comedy series on Gold starring Simon Callow in the title role. The show is based on "The Rebel" cartoon strip in The Oldie magazine by Andrew Birch. It began airing in June 2016. In total, 9 episodes have aired as of May 2018.
The cast includes Anita Dobson, Bill Paterson and Amit Shah.
Plot
The show follows 70 year old Henry Palmer, a widowed resident of Brighton who is an anarchic, anti-establishment pensioner.
Cast
Main cast
Simon Callow as Henry Palmer, a pensioner
Bill Paterson as Charles, a former hippie
Anita Dobson as Margaret, a charity shop worker
Anna Crilly as Cath, Henry's daughter
Amit Shah as Jeremy, the husband of Cath
Vivian Oparah as Amaya (series two)
Recurring cast
Philip Cumbus as PC Burns
Other cast
Rob Horrocks as Posh Waiter
Background
The Rebel is based on Andrew Birch's cartoon strip for The Oldie. Vadim Jean is the director of the series. In July 2017 it was announced that The Rebel was renewed for a second series. Bill Paterson, Anita Dobson, Anna Crilly and Amit Shah reprised their roles.
Episodes
Series 1
Series 2
References
External links
Comedy.co.uk profile
2016 British television series debuts
2017 British television series endings
2010s British sitcoms
English-language television shows
Gold (British TV channel) original programming
Television series about old age
Television series about widowhood
Television shows set in Brighton |
Alexander Yeronov (born May 5, 1989) is a Belarusian ice hockey player.
Yeronov competed in the 2013 IIHF World Championship as a member of the Belarus men's national ice hockey team.
References
1989 births
Living people
Belarusian ice hockey defencemen |
Ambrose Francis George Broderic Hartwell (28 June 187919 December 1940) was an English professional footballer who played as a centre half for Small Heath (later renamed Birmingham) and Bradford Park Avenue in the Football League. He also played in the Southern League for Queens Park Rangers, and in non-league football for a variety of clubs. He died on 19December 1940 at Erdington, Birmingham.
Notes
References
1870s births
1940 deaths
Footballers from Exeter
English men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
Birmingham City F.C. players
Bradford (Park Avenue) A.F.C. players
Queens Park Rangers F.C. players
Kidderminster Harriers F.C. players
Shrewsbury Town F.C. players |
Dastardly and Muttley in Their Flying Machines (or simply Dastardly and Muttley in the UK and Ireland) is an American animated television series produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions, and a spin-off from Wacky Races. The show was originally broadcast as a Saturday morning cartoon, airing from September 13, 1969, to January 3, 1970, on CBS. The show focuses on the efforts of Dick Dastardly and his canine sidekick Muttley to catch Yankee Doodle Pigeon, a carrier pigeon who carries secret messages (hence the name of the show's theme song "Catch the Pigeon"). The title is a reference to the film and song Those Magnificent Men in Their Flying Machines.
The original working title of the show was Stop That Pigeon. The peppy and memorable theme song by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera (based on the jazz standard "Tiger Rag") has a chorus that repeats the phrase "Stop the pigeon" seven times in a row.
The show had only two voice actors: Paul Winchell as Dick Dastardly, the indistinctly heard General and other characters and Don Messick as Muttley, Klunk, Zilly and other characters. Each 22-minute episode was broadcast over half an hour on the network, including network breaks, and contained: two Dastardly & Muttley stories, one Magnificent Muttley story (Muttley's Walter Mitty-style daydreams), and two or three short Wing Dings (brief gags to break up the longer stories).
Plot
In Germany, Dick Dastardly and Muttley, the villains from Wacky Races, are now flying aces in World War I-styled aeroplanes and members of the Vulture Squadron, on a mission to stop a messenger pigeon named Yankee Doodle Pigeon from delivering top-secret messages to an opposing army. The other members of the Squadron are Klunk, an inventor who speaks an unintelligible language (punctuated by howls, clicks, whistles, and growls, accompanied by bizarre facial contortions), and Zilly, a panicky pilot whose main role is to translate for Klunk, and who tries to desert the mission at any given opportunity.
Each story features variations on the same plot elements: the Vulture Squadron sets out to trap Yankee Doodle Pigeon, a process which begins with Zilly trying to escape and being retrieved by Muttley, and Klunk introducing a plan that involves using one or more planes equipped with his latest contraptions. Inevitably, either the plan is flawed, or one or more of the Squadron messes up and the plane(s) either crash, collide or explode (or all of the above). While they are falling out of the wreckage, Dick Dastardly calls for help, which Muttley offers depending on whether Dastardly either agrees or disagrees to give him medals. Even when Muttley does agree to fly Dastardly out of trouble, Dastardly seldom has a soft landing. At some point the General calls Dastardly on the phone to demand results, and while Dastardly assures him that they will soon capture the pigeon, the General usually disbelieves him and bellows unintelligibly to Dastardly through the phone and extends his hand from it to either grab Dastardly by the nose or his mustache. By the end of every story, Yankee Doodle Pigeon escapes while the Vulture Squadron is often left in backfiring predicaments.
In a contemporary comic book/comic digest series of Dastardly and Muttley in Their Flying Machines, Dastardly and Muttley still failed to stop Yankee Doodle Pigeon, except for three times: the first time when accidentally knocking out and capturing Yankee Doodle Pigeon with falling ice cubes; Dastardly and Muttley finding to their surprise that the pigeon's satchel contained nothing but moths. The second time, they salted his tail for the purpose of again retrieving his satchel, only to discover it contained a jigsaw puzzle that read "Sucker!", while the pigeon had the real message under his helmet. The third time, Dastardly and Muttley lured Yankee Doodle to their side during a 24-hour truce, hypnotized him and set him up to be a traitor.
The show also featured Wing Dings, short clips with jokes, and Magnificent Muttley, where Muttley encounters Walter Mitty-esque daydreams.
Magnificent Muttley
There was one Magnificent Muttley episode in each of the 17 broadcast episodes. Muttley is the main character and imagines himself in a lot of situations, with Dastardly in the role of the villain; each episode was about three minutes long. Dastardly's car from Wacky Races made a cameo in a few of these shorts, namely "The Marvelous Muttdini" and "Admiral Bird Dog".
List of episodes
Episode credits: Story: Larz Bourne; Dalton Sandifer; Mike Maltese. Story direction: Alex Lovy, Bill Perez
Voice cast
Paul Winchell as Dick Dastardly. Winchell also voices the General as well as an occasional guest character.
Don Messick as Muttley, Klunk and Zilly. Messick voices the Narrator and practically all of the guest characters.
Syndication
After its original CBS run, Dastardly and Muttley was shown in syndicated reruns on local stations between 1976 and 1982. Some episodes were subsequently distributed on VHS tape by Worldvision Enterprises.
Home video
On May 10, 2005, Warner Home Video released the complete series on Region 1 DVD. On July 31, 2006, the series was released on DVD R2 in the United Kingdom, but only in HMV stores and its online site as an HMV Exclusive.
References in popular culture
Rockabilly/psychobilly group The Reverend Horton Heat covered the theme song in 1995 as a medley with the theme song from Jonny Quest on the cover album Saturday Morning: Cartoons' Greatest Hits with other various artists.
Hip-Hop group Madvillain references the characters in their song "Accordion" off their debut album Madvillainy.
In the BBC Robin Hood episode "Lardner's Ring", when Robin Hood is trying to send a message to King Richard via pigeon, the Sheriff of Nottingham yells out, "We must catch the pigeon! Catch the pigeon NOW!" (Despite Robin Hood being a British production, the writer was obviously familiar with the American cartoon, as the Sheriff says it exactly the same way as Dastardly.)
Other appearances and renditions
Yankee Doodle Pigeon and Klunk appear in the 2021 cartoon series Jellystone! with Klunk voiced by Fajer Al-Kaisi. Yankee Doodle Pigeon made background appearances. Klunk appears in "Lady Danjjer: Is It Wrong to Long for Kabong?" where he steals Jabberjaw's ice cream that she got from Shazzan only to be defeated by El Kabong.
Yankee Doodle Pigeon appears stuffed and mounted in Dick Dastardly's quarters aboard his flying machine in the 2020 animated film Scoob!.
Mumbly and Dread Baron, who "bear a strong resemblance" to Muttley and Dick Dastardly, appear in Hanna-Barbera's Laff-A-Lympics in 1978. The character changes came due to licensing issues. Dread Baron is later to be revealed as Dick Dastardly's brother in the Laff-A-Lympics comic books.
See also
Dick Dastardly
Muttley
Saturday Morning: Cartoons' Greatest Hits
Yogi's Treasure Hunt
Scoob!
List of works produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions
List of Hanna-Barbera characters
United States Army Pigeon Service
References
External links
Toonopedia's entry on Dastardly and Muttley
CBS original programming
American animated television spin-offs
1969 American television series debuts
1970 American television series endings
1960s American animated television series
1970s American animated television series
Television series by Hanna-Barbera
Aviation television series
American children's animated comedy television series
Wacky Races spin-offs
Animated television series about dogs
English-language television shows |
Joseph Milton Nance (September 18, 1913 – January 17, 1997) was an American historian and educator with a focus on the history of Texas. From 1941 until his 1979 retirement, he taught at Texas A&M University, and he was the department chair of the Department of History and Government from 1958 to 1968, and of the successor Department of History until 1973. The J. Milton Nance Lectures in Texas History lecture series at TAMU is named in his honor. During the 1966–1967 year, he served on a program committee of the Texas State Historical Association. For much of his life, he lived in College Station, Texas.
Background
Nance was born in Kyle, Texas September 18, 1913. Joseph was the oldest of the eight children of Jeremiah Milton "Jerry" Nance Jr. and Mary Louise Hutchinson, who married in 1912.
Joseph Milton Nance married Eleanor Glenn Hanover in 1944. They had three sons, Jeremiah Milton Nance III (born 1948), Joseph Hanover Nance (born 1952), and James Clifton Nance (born 1957).
Education
Nance had received a B.A. in 1935, an M.A. in 1936, and a Ph.D. in 1941, all from University of Texas at Austin. He also received a certificate in naval communications from Harvard in 1943.
Works
Nance's personal papers are archived by the Briscoe Center for American History and are available online.
Nance wrote or edited multiple books, including:
Footnotes
Notes
References
American writers
American historians
People from Kyle, Texas
People from Bryan, Texas
University of Texas at Austin alumni
Harvard University alumni
Texas A&M University faculty
People from College Station, Texas
1913 births
1997 deaths |
wake is the second album released from the band emmet swimming. This album was released twice; first as an independent release and later as an Epic Records release. The 1994 Screaming Goddess Music release differs from the Epic Records re-release of wake. The 1994 release included the song "I Believe" and has a varied track sequence. The song "Boones Farm Wine" is re-titled "I'll Be Fine" on the Epic Records re-release of wake. The 1995 Epic Records release added the songs "Jump In The Water" and "Ed's Song." The song "Broken Oar" also differs with a new production of the song.
Track listing (1994 Screaming Goddess release)
Track listing (1995 Epic release)
Awards
Personnel
Todd Watts - Vocals, Guitar
Erik Wenberg - Guitar, backing vocals
Robert Shaw - Bass
Tamer Eid - Drums
Marco Delmar - Engineer
Steve Boyer (1995 Epic Release Tracks 1,3 and 8) - Engineer
David Amoroso - Cover Art/Photography
References
Emmet Swimming albums
1994 albums
1995 albums |
The ancient site at Kot Diji (; ) was the forerunner of the Indus Civilization. The occupation of this site is attested already at 3300 BCE. The remains consist of two parts; the citadel area on high ground (about )), and outer area. The Pakistan Department of Archaeology excavated at Kot Diji in 1955 and 1957.
Located about ) south of Khairpur in the province of Sindh, Pakistan, it is on the east bank of the Indus opposite Mohenjo-daro.
The site is situated at the foot of the Rohri Hills where a fort (Kot Diji Fort) was built around 1790 by the Talpur dynasty ruler of Upper Sindh, Mir Suhrab, who reigned from 1783 to 1830 AD. This fort built on the ridge of a steep narrow hill is well-preserved.
Cultural context
The earliest site of this culture is Kunal (4000 BCE) in Haryana which is older than Rehman Dheri (3300 BCE). The type site, the first excavated site of this type of culture is Kot Diji. Rehman Dheri, which was considered oldest example of this culture, is now the second oldest example of this culture after Kunal was excavated and found to be older than Rehman Dher with similar older cultural artifacts then the Rehman Dheri.
Kot Diji and Amri are close to each other in Sindh, they earlier developed indigenous culture which had common elements, later they came in contact with Harappan culture and fully developed into Harappan culture. Earliest examples of artifacts belonging to this culture were found at Rehman Dheri, however, later excavations found the oldest example of this culture at Kunal. These are cultural ancestor to site at Harappa. These sites have pre-Harappan indigenous cultural levels, distinct from the culture of Harappa, these are at Banawali (level I), Kot Diji (level 3A), Amri (level II). Rehman Dheri also has a pre Kot Diji phase (RHD1 3300-28 BCE) which are not part of IVC culture. Kot Diji has two later phases that continue into and alongside Mature Harappan Phase (RHDII and RHDII 2500-2100 BCE). Fortified towns found here are dated as follows.
Kunal (5000/4000 BCE- ), in Hisar district of Haryana in India is the earliest site found with layers in phase I dating back to 5000 BCE and 4000 BCE, site's culture is an older ancestry of the Pre-Harappan site of Rehman Dheri which was dated to 3300 BC. A button seal was discovered at Kunal during 1998-99 excavations by Archaeological Survey of India. The seal is similar to the Rehman Dheri examples. It contained a picture of two deer on one side, and geometrical pattern on other side. The similar specimen from Rehman-Dheri is datable to , which makes Kunal site an older ancestor of Rehman Dheri. The second phase of Kunal corresponds to post-neolithic phase of Hakra culture' (also called Early Harappan Phase, c.3300-2800 BCE or c.5000-2800 BCE) was also found.
Kot Diji (3300 BCE), is the type site, located in Sindh in Pakistan.
Amri (3600–3300 BCE), also has non-Harappan phases daring 6000 BC to 4000 BC, and later Harappan Phses till 1300 BCE.
Kalibangan (3500 BC – 2500 BC), in northwest Rajasthan in India on Ghaggar River.
Rehman Dheri, 3300 BCE, near Dera Ismail Khan and close to River Zhob Valleyin Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in Pakistan.
Kot Diji culture (3300–2600 BCE)Kot Diji culture''': Based on the pottery found here, it is classified as a separate archaeological culture / subculture.
The site covers . The earliest occupation of this site is termed 'Kot Dijian', which is pre-Harappan, or early formative Harappan.
At the earliest layer, Kot Diji I (2605 BC), copper and bronze were not used. The houses and fortifications were made from unbaked mud-bricks. Lithic material, such as leaf-shaped chert arrowheads, shows parallels with Mundigak layers II-IV. The pottery seems to anticipate Harappan Ware. Later, bronze was used, but only for personal ornaments. Also, use of the potters wheel was already in evidence.
The Early Harappan phase construction consists of two clearly defined areas. There is a citadel on high ground for the elites separated by a defensive wall with bastions at regular intervals. This area measures about . The outer area, or the city proper, consisted of houses of mud bricks on stone foundations.
Pottery found from this site has designs with horizontal and wavy lines, or loops and simple triangular patterns. Other objects found are pots, pans, storage jars, toy carts, balls, bangles, beads, terracotta figurines of mother goddess and animals, bronze arrowheads, and well-fashioned stone implements. A particularly interesting find at Kot Diji is a toy cart, which shows that the potter's wheel permitted the use of wheels for bullock carts.
Progress towards Harappa Phase
Glazed steatite beads were produced. There was a clear transition from the earlier Ravi pottery to what is commonly referred to as Kot Diji pottery. Red slip and black painted designs replaced polychrome decorations of the Ravi Phase. Then, there was a gradual transformation into what is commonly referred to as Harappa Phase pottery.
Early Indus script may have appeared at Kot Diji on pottery and on a sealing. The use of inscribed seals and the standardization of weights may have occurred during the Kot Diji period.
Late Kot-Diji type pots were found as far as Burzahom in Jammu and Kashmir.
Massive burning
There are obvious signs of extensive burns over the entire site, including both the lower habitation area and the high mound (the fortified town), which were also observed at other Early Harappan sites: Period III at Gumla, Period II at Amri, Period I at Naushero. Signs of cleavage were observed at Early Harappan phase Period I at Kalibangan. The cause of the disruptions and/or abandonment of these sites toward the end of the Early Harappan phase remains unexplained.
Rani Kot (600-1843 AD)
According to legends, the wall existed during Umayyad rule and later under the Abbasid rule. The Soomro tribe inhabited the fort and later the Samma tribe positioned large infantry formations inside the fort.
The Mughal Emirs armed the walls of the fort with cannons and muskets. They were the first to renovate the entire structure. The Kalhora tribe later gained control of the fort, and finally the Talpurs saw the fort as a strategic asset especially during the reign of Mir Fatih Ali Khan Talpur, until they were defeated and overthrown by the British Empire, in 1843 AD.
The first radiocarbon date from charcoal included in the mortar of a collapsed pillar lying overturned in the riverbed at Sann (Eastern) Gate, Ranikot, confirms that at least this sector of
the fort was built, or repaired, between the beginning of the 18th century and the beginning of 19th century, that is between the beginning of the Kalhoras and the beginning of the Talpurs rule.
The present note, without positively solving the much debated issue of the age of the fort, points to a new line of research on the topic, which deserves future work, in order to collect more
organic material for absolute dating. An Acacia charcoal sample collected from the above exposed surface was sent to Groningen Radiocarbon Laboratory (NL) for AMS dating. It yielded the following result 160±30 uncal BP (GrA-44671). Although its calibration is rather problematic, given that the curve at this point is highly fluctuating with several interceptions, most probabilities indicate that the pillar was erected between cal AD 1720 and 1828 (47.6% at 2 sigmas, according to OxCal 4.10: BRONK RAMSEY, 2009),although another interception suggests a much more recent date (fig.6).
See also
Sothi
Indus Valley civilization
List of Indus Valley Civilization sites
List of inventions and discoveries of the Indus Valley Civilization
Hydraulic engineering of the Indus Valley Civilization
Notes
Bibliography
P. Biagi and E. Starnini 2021 - Indus Civilization. In Smith, C. (ed.) Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology. Springer Nature, Switzerland: 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51726-1_3491-1
Khan, F. A. 2002. The Glory that was Kot Diji Culture of Pakistan. An Archaeological Outline. Khairpur, Shah Abdul Latif University, Department of Archaeology.
Occomano C. 1995 - Kot Dihi: stratigraphic and micromorphological features of the west section of the citadel area. Ancient Sindh, 2: 85–92.
Madella M. 1995 - A preliminary study of phytolith analysis, agriculture and use of plants at Kot Diji (Sindh-Pakistan). Ancient Sindh, 2: 93–108.
External links
Ravi and Kot Diji Phase Developments harappa.com
Archaeological sites in Sindh
Pre-Indus Valley civilisation sites
Former populated places in Pakistan
Indus Valley civilisation sites
Ghost towns in Pakistan
Talukas of Sindh
Khairpur District
Amri-Nal culture
Kot Diji culture |
The is a public university in Nagaoka, Niigata, Japan. It was established in 1994.
External links
Educational institutions established in 1994
Public universities in Japan
Universities and colleges in Niigata Prefecture
Buildings and structures in Nagaoka, Niigata
1994 establishments in Japan |
James Alison (11 October 1923 – February 1998) was a Scottish footballer, who played as a wing half in the Football League for Manchester City and Aldershot.
References
1923 births
1998 deaths
People from Peebles
Men's association football wing halves
Scottish men's footballers
Peebles Rovers F.C. players
Falkirk F.C. players
Manchester City F.C. players
Aldershot F.C. players
Weymouth F.C. players
Scottish Football League players
English Football League players |
Great Crest may refer to:
Great crested grebe
Great crested newt |
Alan William Secord (born March 3, 1958) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey left wing who played in the National Hockey League for twelve seasons from 1978–79 until 1989–90. In 2023, he retired as a Captain for American Airlines, flying Boeing 737s.
Playing career
Secord played on the 1976 Memorial Cup winning team, Hamilton Fincups of the OHA.
Secord was drafted 16th overall by the Boston Bruins in the 1978 NHL Amateur Draft. He made the Bruins' roster as a 20-year-old, scoring 16 goals and adding seven assists. He improved to 23 goals in 1979–80, but after failing to score in his first 18 games the following season, he was dealt to the Chicago Blackhawks on December 18, 1980, in a trade for defenceman Mike O'Connell.
In Chicago, Secord enjoyed the best years of his NHL career. In 1981–82, he scored 44 goals in 80 games. He was also assessed 303 minutes in penalties, making him the only player in NHL history to record 40 goals and 300 penalty minutes in a single season.
Secord joined the 50-goal club in 1982–83, posting 54 goals and 32 assists for a career-high 86 points and played in the NHL All-Star Game for the second consecutive season, but injuries began to take their toll. He played just 14 games in 1983–84, and it took him two full seasons to regain his scoring touch. Secord responded with a 40-goal campaign in 1985–86, but after a 29-goal season in 1986–87, Secord was dealt to the Toronto Maple Leafs on September 3, 1987. Secord and Ed Olczyk went to Toronto, while Rick Vaive, Steve Thomas and defenceman Bob McGill headed to Chicago.
Secord spent two seasons with the Maple Leafs and was sent to the Philadelphia Flyers midway through 1988–89 for a fifth-round draft pick in 1989 that the Buffalo Sabres eventually used to select defenceman Keith Carney.
Secord re-signed with Chicago as a free agent and finished his NHL career in 1990, scoring 14 times in 43 games. He retired from pro hockey until 1994, when he returned to play two seasons with the International Hockey League's (now American Hockey League) Chicago Wolves. He also played a season of roller hockey with the Chicago Cheetahs.
Secord played 766 career NHL games, scoring 273 goals and 222 assists for 495 points and registered 2,093 career penalty minutes.
Personal life
Secord was an airline pilot with American Airlines and resides in Southlake, Texas, a suburb of Fort Worth. He has three sons, Ryan, Alec and Luke. He sometimes does work on behalf of the Chicago Blackhawks' Alumni Association. Secord also coaches youth hockey in the Dallas area with the Texas Jr. Brahmas organization.
Career statistics
Regular season and playoffs
International
Roller hockey statistics
--- Regular Season ---
Season Team Lge GP G A Pts PIM
1994 Chicago Cheetahs RHI 18 11 14 25 45
------------------------------------------------------------------
See also
List of NHL players with 2000 career penalty minutes
References
External links
1958 births
Boston Bruins draft picks
Boston Bruins players
Canadian ice hockey left wingers
Chicago Blackhawks players
Chicago Cheetahs players
Chicago Wolves (IHL) players
Commercial aviators
Hamilton Fincups players
Living people
National Hockey League All-Stars
National Hockey League first-round draft picks
Philadelphia Flyers players
Rochester Americans players
Ice hockey people from Greater Sudbury
Springfield Indians players
Toronto Maple Leafs players |
Miconia renneri is a species of plant in the family Melastomataceae. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.
References
Endemic flora of Ecuador
renneri
Vulnerable plants
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
Hyocholic acid or 3α,6α,7α-trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid is a bile acid found as one of the main forms in pig, and at low concentrations in other species including humans. Hyocholic acid differs from the primary bile acids found in humans by having a third hydroxyl group in the α-conformation at the 6-position, unlike cholic acid, which has a 12-hydroxyl, and chenodeoxycholic acid which has neither a 6- or 12-hydroxyl. It also differs from the muricholic acids found in rodents, as they are 6β-hydroxylated, and can have the 7-hydroxyl in either the α- or β- positions, forming α- or β-muricholic acids.
Hyocholic acid is conjugated in the liver before secretion with taurine or with glycine to give taurohyocholate or glycohyocholates. Bacterial 7α-dehydroxylation in the colon produces the secondary bile acid, hyodeoxycholic acid. Epimerization of the 7-hydroxyl to the β-position is found in ω-muricholic acid (also known as β-hyocholic acid).
The enzyme responsible for the 6-hydroxylation reaction of chenodeoxycholic acid in the pig is the cytochrome P450 CYP4A21.
Hyocholic acid can be found in humans with cholestasis and may be increased after sleeve gastrectomy for obesity.
References
Bile acids |
The Mysterious Miss Terry is a 1917 American silent drama film produced by Famous Players–Lasky and distributed through Paramount Pictures. The film stars Billie Burke, who at the time was a famous stage actress, married to Florenz Ziegfeld, Jr. This particular story was adapted special to the screen for Burke by writer Gelett Burgess. It is a lost film.
Plot
As described in a film magazine, a fascinating young heiress (Burke) takes rooms at a cheap boarding house and assumes the name Miss Terry. The male boarders immediately fall in love with her and, when she secures a temporary position in a hardware store as a bookkeeper, they all help her keep the books. As a test of the bravery of one of the young men, she arranges for two others to dress as burglars and break into the store at night when she and Gordon True (Meighan) are there. Professional burglars, however, overhear the plan and break into the store first where they steal the money and shoot Gordon. Miss Terry nurses the boy back to health, arranges to have his book published, and assists the other male boarders to better themselves. Miss Terry discloses her identity, and the film ends with wedding bells for her and Gordon.
Cast
Billie Burke - Mavis Terry
Thomas Meighan - Gordon True
Gerald Oliver Smith - John Quig
Walter Hiers - Freddie Bollen
George A. Wright - Mr. Pennyquick
Bessie Hearn - Clara Pennyquick
Reception
Like many American films of the time, The Mysterious Miss Terry was subject to cuts by city and state film censorship boards. The Chicago Board of Censors ordered cut a scene policeman looking up at a statue, seven holdup scenes, a shooting scene, and a scene of a man looking up at a statue.
References
External links
The Mysterious Miss Terry; allmovie.com
1917 films
American silent feature films
Films directed by J. Searle Dawley
Lost American films
Famous Players-Lasky films
American mystery drama films
American black-and-white films
1910s mystery drama films
1917 lost films
Lost mystery drama films
1917 drama films
1910s American films
Silent American drama films
Silent mystery drama films |
Zleszyn is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bedlno, within Kutno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately east of Kutno and north of the regional capital Łódź.
References
Zleszyn |
Atlético Portuario was a Honduran football club based in Puerto Cortés, Honduras which played in the Liga Nacional in the 1979–80 season.
Achievements
Segunda División
Winners (1): 1978–79
League performance
All-time scorers
Defunct football clubs in Honduras |
3350 may refer to:
A.D. 3350, a year in the 4th millennium CE
3350 BC, a year in the 4th millennium BCE
3350, a number in the 3000 (number) range
Other uses
3350 Scobee, an asteroid in th Asteroid Belt, the 3350th asteroid registered
IBM 3350, a hard disk drive unit
Nokia 3350, a cellphone
Texas Farm to Market Road 3350, a state highway
Wright R-3350 Duplex-Cyclone, an American radial aircraft engine displacing nearly 3,350 cubic inches
See also |
Vimlanand Saraswati (14 January 1921 – 9 July 2008) was an Indian Bhojpuri writer and author and spiritualist. He is credited to write the first short story collection Jehal ke Sanadi in Bhojpuri.
Life
He was born as Awadh Bihar Suman on 14 January 1921 at Mangraon village of Buxar, Bihar. During 1939–40 he was the editor of the weekly Hindi journal "Krishak". He went to jail during the independence struggle in 1942. Later he became a saint and changed his name to Dandiswami Vimlanand Saraswati. His first book was a Bhojpuri short story collection Jehal ke Sanadi, which was published in 1948. In the same year his collection of Hindi poems Makarand was published. After becoming a monk he started writing an Epic on the life of Gautama Buddha, which published in 1983 as Baudhayan. For his works in the field of literature he was awarded with many awards by Bihar government and Bhojpuri Academy. In 1993, he became the president of the thirteenth session of Bhojpuri Sahitya Sammelan in Arrah
Works
Jehal ke Sanadi (1948)
Makarand (Khadi boli)
Jinagi ke Tedh Rah
Baudhayan
References
1921 births
2008 deaths
Indian spiritual writers |
Aon noctuiformis, the aon moth, is the only species in the monotypic moth genus Aon in the family Erebidae. The species is known to live in the US state of Texas. Both the genus and the species were first described by Berthold Neumoegen in 1892.
References
Hypocalinae |
Huguette Bouchardeau (born 1 June 1935) is a French socialist politician, as well as a publisher (founder of HB Éditions), essayist, and biographer.
Political career
Bouchardeau was a candidate of the Unified Socialist Party (PSU) in the 1981 presidential election, receiving 1.1% of the vote, and National Secretary of the Party between 1979 and 1981. Bouchardeau also served as Minister of the Environment and Way of Life in the French Socialist Party-led cabinets of Pierre Mauroy (1981–1984) and Laurent Fabius (1984–1986).
Selected works
La famille Renoir, 2004
La grande verrière, 1991
Le déjeuner, 1998
Le ministère du possible, 1986
Les roches rouges: Portrait d'un père, 1997
Leur père notre père, 1996
Mes nuits avec Descartes, 2002
Nathalie Sarraute, 2003
Pas d'histoire, les femmes, 1977
Rose Noël, 1992
Simone Weil, 1995
Tout le possible, 1981
, 1975
Un coin dans leur monde,1980
References
1935 births
Living people
People from Saint-Étienne
Union of the Socialist Left politicians
Unified Socialist Party (France) politicians
French Ministers of the Environment
Deputies of the 8th National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic
Deputies of the 9th National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic
Members of Parliament for Doubs
Mayors of places in Occitania (administrative region)
Candidates in the 1981 French presidential election
French socialist feminists
French biographers
French women biographers
French essayists
French women essayists
Women government ministers of France
20th-century French women politicians
Officers of the Legion of Honour |
The Emperor's Nightingale () is a 1949 Czechoslovak stop-motion animated film directed by Jiří Trnka and Miloš Makovec. The film is based on the 1843 fairy tale "The Nightingale" by Hans Christian Andersen. Boris Karloff provides the voice of the narrator in the 1951 American dubbed version. The film won the Golden Leopard at the Locarno International Film Festival.
In the film, a live-action boy dreams that his toys are real. The toys come to life in stop-motion animation, and tell the story of a Chinese emperor who makes friends with a nightingale.
Cast
Helena Patočková as the girl
Jaromír Sobota as the boy
Dětský pěvecký sbor Jana Kuhna as chorus
Boris Karloff - Narrator in English language version only
See also
Boris Karloff filmography
List of Czech films
Jiří Trnka
References
External links
1949 animated films
1949 films
Czechoslovak animated films
1940s Czech-language films
Animated films based on works by Hans Christian Andersen
Films directed by Jiří Trnka
Golden Leopard winners
Czech animated fantasy films
Films with screenplays by Jiří Brdečka
1940s fantasy films
Works based on The Nightingale (fairy tale)
Animated films about birds
Animated films about kings |
Stella Mae Parton (born May 4, 1949) is an American country singer and songwriter widely known for a series of country singles that charted during the mid-to-late-1970s, her biggest hit being "I Want to Hold You in My Dreams Tonight" in 1975. She is the younger sister of the singer and songwriter Dolly Parton and the older sister of the singer Randy Parton and former actress Rachel Dennison.
Early life
Parton was born in Sevierville, Tennessee, the sixth of 12 children born to Avie Lee Caroline (née Owens; 1923–2003) and Robert Lee Parton Sr. (1921–2000). Dolly Parton is her elder sister by three years. When Stella was seven, she and Dolly appeared on a Knoxville television program, and two years later she debuted on radio. During this time, Stella and her sisters Willadeene and Cassie formed a group who sang gospel music and made commercials around East Tennessee. During her high school years, she began writing songs. She married Marvin Carroll Rauhuff just before her high school graduation in 1966. She had one son by this marriage.
Recording career
In 1967, Parton released her first album, In the Garden (a gospel project with Willadeene, Cassie and their mother). Shortly thereafter, she moved to Washington, D.C., and began performing at the Hillbilly Heaven club. Later moving to Nashville, she started her own record label, Soul, Country and Blues, in 1975 and released her first solo album, I Want to Hold You in My Dreams Tonight. Its title track was a substantial national hit, climbing into the country top ten. Its success earned her a major-label deal with Elektra in 1976. Her 1977 duet with Carmol Taylor, "Neon Woman", was somewhat successful, and she had three top 20 hits over 1977–1978 with "The Danger of a Stranger" (also a top 40 hit in the UK), "Four Little Letters" and "Standard Lie Number One". She had an additional top-40 hit with her sister Dolly's composition, "Steady as the Rain", in 1979. She recorded three albums for Elektra up to 1979. In 1984, Stella performed a song with Kin Vassey for the soundtrack of the movie Rhinestone, in which Dolly starred.
Though her chart success tapered off after leaving Elektra in 1980, she continued to record, releasing albums for several independent labels, including Accord/Townhouse and Airborne. She is currently with Raptor Records. To date, she has released 22 albums and has had 28 charting singles.
Parton has released a DVD, Live in Nashville, of footage from a 1990 concert in Nashville taken from the Attic Entertainment archives. It is the first of a planned Vintage Collection Series.
In 2019, Parton released an album, Survivor. In addition to eight original songs, Survivor has a cover version of "Wake Me Up" by Avicii and Parton's interpretation of the Bob Seger classic, "Like a Rock".
Television and film work
In 1979, Parton starred in The Dukes of Hazzard episode titled "Deputy Dukes" as Mary Beth Malone, a woman who impersonates a police officer to settle a family score with a prisoner who ends up being transported by Bo (John Schneider) and Luke (Tom Wopat) during a change of venue.
During the 1980s and early 1990s, she starred in several Broadway touring musicals, including Seven Brides for Seven Brothers, Pump Boys & Dinettes, Best Little Whorehouse In Texas and Gentlemen Prefer Blondes. Parton also wrote and staged several Dollywood shows the opening season, as well as appearing on The Dukes of Hazzard (the first country artist to have a dramatic role on the series), Live with Regis and Kathy Lee, The Today Show and Good Morning America. She has been on several international radio programs, including Get Focused Radio with host Kate Hennessy.
Parton appeared with Gena Rowlands and Louis Gossett in the 2000 TV movie The Color of Love: Jacey's Story which was nominated for a Primetime Emmy award.
In 2006, Parton made appearances in two films, A Dance for Bethany and Ghost Town, both scheduled for release in 2007. Each film also includes her music on the soundtrack. Also ready for release in 2007 was her 21st album, which is a collection of original contemporary Christian songs. Followed in 2008, was her 22nd album, Testimony.
She appeared in Dolly Parton's Coat of Many Colors with Jennifer Nettles and Ricky Schroder, an NBC made-for-TV movie based on Dolly's song of the same name that was first broadcast on NBC in December 2015.
In 2016, Parton appeared in Dolly Parton's Christmas of Many Colors: Circle of Love as Corla Bass. The NBC TV movie was nominated for a Primetime Emmy award for Outstanding Television Movie.
In 2018, she took part in the BBC's Celebrity Masterchef series.
She appeared as a mystery guest on To Tell the Truth hosted by Anthony Anderson in 2021, and none of the panelists guessed her as the real sibling of Dolly Parton.
In 2022 she appeared in the Pure Flix film Nothing is Impossible, starring David A.R. White, which was filmed in Tennessee.
Social work
She devotes much of her time to causes such as domestic violence and teaches at the New Opportunity School for Women at Berea College, Kentucky, using her knowledge of hair and make-up to help women build self-esteem.
Parton has been a national spokesperson for Mothers Against Drunk Driving and the Christian Appalachian Project and National Honorary Country Music Ambassador to the American Cancer Society.
Parton went viral on Twitter in December 2020 with a tweet criticizing "old moldy politicians" over the COVID-19 vaccine rollout in the United States.
Consultancy
She has a consulting business (Attic Entertainment Artist Development and Entertainment Consulting) teaching stage presence, hair, make-up, wardrobe techniques and video coaching. Parton has also written three cookbooks, including her recipe-packed book State Fairs and Church Bazaars.
Discography
In the Garden (1968)
Stella (And the Gospel Carrolls) (1972)
I Want to Hold You in My Dreams (1975)
Country Sweet (1977)
Stella Parton (1978)
Love Ya (1979)
True to Me (1980)
So Far, So Good (1982)
Always Tomorrow (1989)
A Woman's Touch (1995)
Appalachian Blues (2001)
Blue Heart (2002)
Appalachian Gospel (2003)
Songwriter Sessions (2006)
Holiday Magic (2008)
Testimony (2008)
American Coal (2010)
Buried Treasure (2014)
Last Train to Memphis (2015)
Mountain Songbird (2016)
Nashville Nights (2016)
Old Time Singing (2017)
Survivor (2018)
References
External links
Stella Parton – Country, Gospel & Appalachian Music
Entry at 45cat.com
1949 births
Living people
20th-century American singer-songwriters
20th-century American women singers
21st-century American singer-songwriters
21st-century American women singers
American country singer-songwriters
American women country singers
American Pentecostals
Christians from Tennessee
People from Sevierville, Tennessee
American cookbook writers |
Aybak, also transliterated as Aibak, Aibek, or Aybeg may refer to:
People
Izz al-Din Aybak (r. 1250–1257), ruler of Egypt
Qutb-Ud-Din Aybak (r. 1206–1211), ruler of Delhi Sultanate in India
Aibeg (13th century), Mongol ambassador
Saifuddin Aibak (g. 1232–1236), governor of Bengal
Awar Khan Aibak (g. 1236), governor of Bengal
Places
Aybak, Samangan, a town in Afghanistan
Aybak District, a district in Afghanistan
Haibak, a town in Afghanistan
Aybak, Helmand, a village in Afghanistan
See also
Aibak (disambiguation) |
KH Zagłębie Sosnowiec is an ice hockey team from Sosnowiec, Poland. They play in the Polska Hokej Liga, the top-level ice hockey league in Poland.
Sosnowiec was founded in 1937. They won five PLH titles in six years from 1980–1985, and one Polish 1. Liga title in 2005.
Achievements
Polish champion : 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1985.
Polish 1.Liga champion : 2005
Ice hockey teams in Poland
Sosnowiec
Sport in Silesian Voivodeship |
Arthur Altman (1910, in Brooklyn – January 18, 1994, in Lake Worth, Florida) was an American songwriter whose credits include "All or Nothing at All", with lyrics by Jack Lawrence, and the lyrics for "All Alone Am I", "I Will Follow Him", and "Truly, Truly True".
Altman studied violin and began his professional career as a violinist with the CBS Radio Orchestra. His first nationally known song was "Play Fiddle Play", which he wrote in the early 1930s for the orchestra leader Emory Deutsch.
Among the 400 songs he wrote, "All or Nothing at All" appears on more than 180 albums recorded by more than 150 artists including Count Basie, John Coltrane, Bing Crosby, Bobby Darin, Ella Fitzgerald, Jimmy Dorsey, Tommy Dorsey, Harry James, Oscar Peterson, Frank Sinatra, and Sarah Vaughan.
He died of a heart ailment.
References
External links
List of songs written by Altman, as listed as ASCAP
1910 births
1994 deaths
Jewish American songwriters
Songwriters from New York (state)
American male violinists
20th-century American violinists
20th-century American male musicians
20th-century American Jews
American male songwriters |
Playboy.co.uk is an internet web address owned by the PLBY Group. Since 2012 it has redirected to playboy.com, but prior to that a separate website was maintained at the address.
Playboy.co.uk was originally operated on a paid-for-content basis. It was re-launched in February 2009 as a free-access website funded by advertising, with the bulk of its content free to users.
The re-launched website had editorial and video content that was advertiser-funded, including entertainment channels featuring movies, music, games, TV shows and sports along with a branded social networking element. Its "Life & Style" section included editorial and video content on grooming, fashion, food, gadgets and opinions, all reflecting the Playboy lifestyle.
Additionally, it also produced some original content that differed from print editions of the publications produced by Playboy Publishing.
See also
Home Video Channel
References
External links
Playboy
Internet properties established in 1994
1994 establishments in the United Kingdom |
Horace James "Horse" Hendrickson (August 24, 1910 – May 22, 2004) was an American football, basketball and baseball player, coach, and college athletics administrator. He served as the head football coach at Elon University from 1937 to 1941 and at North Carolina State University from 1952 to 1953, compiling a career college football record of 35–28–1. From 1937 to 1941, Hendrickson coached at Elon University, where he compiled a 31–12–1 record. His best season came in 1941, when his team went 8–1. For much of the 1940s, he was an assistant coach at the University of Pennsylvania. From 1952 to 1953, he coached at North Carolina State University, where he compiled a 4–16 record.
Hendrickson played football, basketball and baseball at Duke University. He then served as director of athletics at Elon University, and coached football, baseball and basketball from 1937 to 1942. In 1942, he moved to the University of Pennsylvania replacing Howard Odell as the backfield coach on the football team.
Family
Hendrickson was married to Gene Fulton Swartz of Derry, Pennsylvania on June 18, 1938. The couple had two sons: Richard Fulton and James Alva.
Head coaching record
Football
References
External links
1910 births
2004 deaths
American football quarterbacks
American men's basketball coaches
American men's basketball players
Brooklyn Dodgers (AAFC) coaches
College men's basketball head coaches in the United States
Duke Blue Devils baseball players
Duke Blue Devils football coaches
Duke Blue Devils football players
Duke Blue Devils men's basketball players
Elon Phoenix athletic directors
Elon Phoenix baseball coaches
Elon Phoenix football coaches
Elon Phoenix men's basketball coaches
NC State Wolfpack football coaches
Penn Quakers baseball coaches
Penn Quakers football coaches
People from Delphos, Ohio
Coaches of American football from Ohio
Players of American football from Ohio
Baseball coaches from Ohio
Baseball players from Ohio
Basketball coaches from Ohio
Basketball players from Ohio |
This is a list of prisons within Tianjin municipality of the People's Republic of China.
Sources
Buildings and structures in Tianjin
Tianjin |
The American Idols Live! Tour 2013 is a summer concert tour in the United States and Canada that features the Top 10 finalists of the twelfth season of American Idol, as well as semi-finalist Aubrey Cleland, the winner of the season's sing-off. This was the second time after 2011 tour to have 11 performers. The tour was scheduled to begin on June 29, 2013 in St. Louis, Missouri and ended on August 31, 2013 in Nashville, Tennessee. However, 10 shows were canceled and were cut to 30 shows, the tour started on July 19, 2013 in Kent, Washington. At most venues, the stage was placed in the middle while the other half was closed off with curtains, thus making a theate-rlike environment.
Performers
Setlist
Girls – "Wings" (Little Mix)
Aubrey Cleland – "Sweet Dreams" (Beyoncé Knowles)
Burnell Taylor, Devin Velez, Curtis Finch, Jr. – "Suit & Tie" (Justin Timberlake)
Paul Jolley – "Blown Away" (Carrie Underwood)
Kree Harrison, Janelle Arthur, and Jolley – "Summer Nights" (Rascal Flatts)
Finch – "When I Was Your Man" (Bruno Mars)
Amber Holcomb – "We Found Love" (Rihanna)
Holcomb, Cleland, and Angie Miller – "The Way" (Ariana Grande)
Guys – "Locked Out of Heaven" (Bruno Mars)
Velez – "Somos Novios (It's Impossible)" (Perry Como)
Miller, Holcomb, Arthur, and Cleland – "Blurred Lines" (Robin Thicke)
Taylor and Holcomb – "Diamonds" (Rihanna)
Taylor – "Everybody Knows" (John Legend)
All – "We Are Young" / "Live While We're Young" (Fun / One Direction)
Intermission
Angie Miller – "Mamma Knows Best" (Jessie J), "You Set Me Free" (Angie Miller), "Put It on Me" (Angie Miller)
Arthur – "Better Dig Two" (The Band Perry), "Where the Blacktop Ends" (Keith Urban)
Lazaro Arbos – "Feeling Good" (Nina Simone), "The Edge of Glory" (Lady Gaga)
Harrison – "Up to the Mountain (MLK Song)" (Patty Griffin), "Hold On" (Alabama Shakes), "All Cried Out" (Kree Harrison)
Candice Glover – "End of Time" (Beyoncé), "I Am Beautiful" (Candice Glover), "In the Middle" (Candice Glover), "Lovesong" (The Cure)
All – "Gone" ('N Sync), "Since U Been Gone" (Kelly Clarkson), "Cups" (Anna Kendrick), "Gone, Gone, Gone" (Phillip Phillips)
Tour dates
Cancelled & Rescheduled Shows
Cancelled
St. Louis, Missouri on June 29
Kansas City, Missouri on June 30
Minneapolis, Minnesota on July 2
Detroit, Michigan on July 5
Tulsa, Oklahoma, on July 8
Broomfield, Colorado on July 10
Las Vegas, Nevada on July 12
Ontario, California on July 13
Oakland, California on July 14
Trenton, New Jersey on August 12
Rescheduled
Rosemont, Illinois moved from July 6 to August 12 (which replaces Trenton, New Jersey)
Revenue
The tour was ranked No. 186 in the list of 2013 Year-end Top 200 North American tours, based on total gross income .
References
American Idol concert tours
2013 concert tours
Concert tours of Canada |
Peter Hayes (born February 11, 1976) is an American musician and singer, best known as a member of the rock band Black Rebel Motorcycle Club.
Early life
Hayes grew up in Minnesota, and his first time playing music was learning the trombone and playing in symphonic band in school. When Hayes was 14 or 15 years old he got into trouble for drug use and was grounded for over a year. During that time he began figuring out how to play his mother's classical guitar out of boredom. She taught him some flamenco and finger picking songs, which was influential for Hayes, as was the music of Jimi Hendrix and Pink Floyd. One of Hayes' first electric guitars was a Peavey copy of a Hendrix-Style Fender Stratocaster. However Hayes early life was also influenced heavily by the country and folk guitar of Johnny Cash and Marty Robbins. He had a family friend who they called "Uncle" who would play for him old country tunes. Hayes would experiment with effects using a digital multi-effects unit, a Digitech RP1, utilizing the headphone jack to play for hours to himself. At a certain point Hayes gave up on "playing fast" like Hendrix and adopted open-tunings in order to play rhythm and lead at the same time, probably also from alternate-tuning blues and folk influence. Peter Hayes moved from the Midwest to Lafayette, California, a suburb in the East Bay Area, where he attended Acalanes High School and met future bandmate Robert Levon Been, whose father was in the rock band The Call. They had noticed each other when Been saw Hayes bringing his guitar to school. They bonded over songwriting. Hayes had begun playing cover songs playing at open mics, colleges, and bars playing spaced-out versions of old country and folk. His friends wouldn't show, but Been would. Hayes would eventually befriend Robert's father Michael Been. Through him he learned about guitar and music. Been had a spare ES335 lying around as well as lexicon rack reverbs that Hayes used in his early days. Later "out of the blue", really through Robert's father, Hayes had a tryout with The Brian Jonestown Massacre. Peter is the father of two girls, age 10 and 16.
The Brian Jonestown Massacre
Hayes played guitar and bass for the neo-psychedelic rock band The Brian Jonestown Massacre circa 1997/1998. Examples of his playing can be heard on the group's Give It Back! album.
Hayes appears as a highly visible, yet quiet musician in the 2004 movie documentary DiG! as an active touring member of The Brian Jonestown Massacre. The film also documents the befriended band The Dandy Warhols.
Black Rebel Motorcycle Club
Peter Hayes is a founding and current member of the alternative rock trio Black Rebel Motorcycle Club.
Discography
Albums with The BJM
Give It Back! (1997)
Albums with B.R.M.C.
B.R.M.C. (2001) UK #25
Take Them On, On Your Own (2003) US #47, UK #3, AUS #34
Howl (2005) US #90, UK #14, AUS #34
Baby 81 (2007) US #46, UK #15, AUS #36
The Effects of 333 (2008)
Beat The Devil's Tattoo (2010)
Specter At The Feast (2013)
Wrong Creatures (2018)
EPs with B.R.M.C.
Screaming Gun EP (October 2001)
Howl Sessions EP (2005)
Napster Live Session (2007)
American X: Baby 81 Sessions EP (2007)
Musical equipment
Guitars:
Multiple Gibson ES335's all in different tunings.
Gibson SG - Eventually replaced a Fender Thinline Deluxe Telecaster.
Gibson ES125 - May have been stolen.
Gibson J200 - At least two different ones.
Gibson J45 - Seems to be shared with Robert.
Delta King Dot Guitar
Amplifiers (Around the time of each album):
- B.R.M.C.
Fender Silverface Twin Reverb - x2
- Take Them On, On Your Own
Fender Silverface Twin Reverb - x2
Fender Super Twin
Gallien Krueger 400RB Bass Amp Head with cab
- Howl & Baby 81
Fender Blackface Bandmaster Head with matching 2x12 cab - x2
Fender Blackface Pro Reverb - x2 (Interchanged with Twin Reverbs)
Fender Blackface Twin Reverb - x2 (Interchanged with Pro Reverbs)
- Beat The Devil's Tattoo
Fender Blackface Bandmaster Head with matching 2x12 cab - x2
Fender Blackface Twin Reverb (Sometimes seen with the second Blackface Twin set off to the side in front of the drum set, possibly for use of stereo effects.)
Some kind of vintage style Marshall head possibly a Plexi or JTM45 with matching 4x12 cab
Pedals & rack effects:
List compiled from use of various photos, most likely an incomplete list.
- Earlier years (Approx. around time of the first and second album possibly going into Howl era)
Ibanez TS9 Tubescreamer x3
Vox V847 Wah
Dunlop Stereo Tremolo
TC Electronic Stereo Chorus/Flanger
Boss DM2 Analog Delay
Boss BF2 Flanger
Boss CS2 Compressor
Boss Line Selector
Ernie Ball Volume Pedal
Akai Headrush E1 Delay
Alesis Quadraverb x4
- Later years (Most likely around Howl era up to Beat the Devil's Tattoo era)
Klon Centaur Overdrive x2
Keeley Katana Boost
Maxon OD808 Tubescreamer
Vintage FX Overdrive (Replaced Maxon OD808)
Vintage FX Fuzzriot (Hasn't been used on recent tours)
Seymour Duncan Twin Tube Classic (Most likely used only for recording and rehearsal. Can be seen in pictures of rehearsal room before the Beat the Devil's Tattoo tour.)
Boss DD7 Digital Delay
Akai Headrush E2 Delay
Dunlop Crybaby Wah
Ernie Ball Volume Pedal x3
Boss RC2 Loop Station w/ Footswitch (Also been seen with Boss RC20 Loop Station around Howl era)
Seymour Duncan Shape Shifter Tremolo
Voodoo Labs Ground Control Unit
Korg Rackmount Tuner
TC Electronic G Major Multi-FX Rack Unit x2
Tech 21 SansAmp PSA-1
Voodoo Lab Amp Selector
References
1976 births
Living people
American rock singers
American rock guitarists
American male guitarists
American indie rock musicians
Black Rebel Motorcycle Club members
Singers from Minnesota
People from New York Mills, Minnesota
The Brian Jonestown Massacre members
Guitarists from Minnesota
21st-century American singers
21st-century American guitarists
21st-century American male singers
Acalanes High School alumni |
Anthony M. Zador is an American neuroscientist and the Alle Davis Harris Professor of Biology and Chair of Neuroscience at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. He is a co-founder, in 2004, of the Computational and Systems Neuroscience (COSYNE) conference, and of the NAISYS (Neuroscience to Artificially Intelligent Systems) meeting about the intersection of neuroscience and artificial intelligence. Dr. Zador's research has focused on understanding the circuits of the auditory cortex in rodents. More recently, he has pioneered a new approach to connectome mapping using the methods of molecular biology, which may dramatically decrease the cost and improve the speed of mapping neuronal circuits at the single cell level.
Biography
Anthony Zador received a B.A. at the UC, Berkeley and MD/PhD from Yale University, under the supervision of Tom Brown and Christof Koch at Caltech, focusing on machine learning and computational neuroscience. He carried out postdoctoral research in experimental neuroscience at the Salk Institute with Chuck Stevens before assuming a faculty position at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
At CSHL, together with Zachary Mainen, he pioneered the use of quantitative behavioral paradigms in rodents to study perception and cognition. In 2012, Dr. Zador proposed a method harnessing advances in DNA sequencing to map neural circuits with much higher throughput than conventional microscopy-based approaches. This method promises to reconstruct the connectivity matrices of entire brains with single cell resolution. So far, a variant of this approach has been applied to map the projection patterns single locus coeruleus neurons at the mesoscale, and also to the visual cortex.
Zador was recognized as a 2015 Foreign Policy Global Thinker. He is also the winner of the Gill Transformative Investigator Award (2018). He is also an occasional columnist for the Observer, writing on the intersection of science, technology and policy.
References
External links
The Zador Laboratory Website
1964 births
Living people
American neuroscientists
University of California, Berkeley alumni
Yale School of Medicine alumni
California Institute of Technology alumni |
```objective-c
/*
This file is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
(at your option) any later version.
This file is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
along with the this software. If not, see <path_to_url
*/
#ifndef SOUND_VIEW_H
#define SOUND_VIEW_H
#include <windows.h>
BOOL SoundView_Init();
void SoundView_DeInit();
BOOL SoundView_DlgOpen(HWND hParentWnd);
void SoundView_DlgClose();
BOOL SoundView_IsOpened();
HWND SoundView_GetHWnd();
void SoundView_Refresh(bool forceRedraw = false);
INT_PTR CALLBACK SoundView_DlgProc(HWND hDlg, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
#endif
``` |
After the merger of French settlements into an Indian union, a new assembly, named the Pondicherry Representative Assembly, was created by the government of India. After the "de facto transfer day" of 1 October 1954, before 16 August 1962 also referred to as "de-jure transfer day". During this transition period, general elections to the representative assembly were held in 1955 and 1959. After the de-jure transfer day, legal integration of French settlements into the Indian Union was complete. However, this assembly, like its predecessor, was advisory (to the chief commissioner) in its role, which led to frequent contention between the popular government and the chief commissioner.
Background
In 1946, French India (Inde française) became an overseas territory (Territoire d'outre-mer) of France.
In the same year, on 25 October, the Representative Assembly of French India (Assemblée représentative de l'Inde française) was created and replaced the general council (conseil général).
During the start of the Fourth Republic, decree nº 46–2381, dated 25 October 1946, was passed by the government of France, instituting the Representative Assembly in French India. This original assembly had 44 seats, but after the merger of Changernagore, its size was reduced to 39. A member of this assembly was referred to as a councillor and held a five-year fixed term.
The de facto transfer of French settlements in India took place on 1 November 1954. In January 1955, the Indian union government renamed these four French settlements to the Union Territory of Pondicherry. On 11 June 1955, the government of India dissolved the Representative Assembly of French India. After extending the 1951 People's Representative Act of the Indian Union to the state of Pondicherry, fresh elections were held to the Pondicherry Representative Assembly in July 1955, based on universal adult franchise.
Tenures of different Representative Assemblies of the State of Pondicherry
Commune-wise allocation of seats
After 1951, French India consisted of four "settlements" (French: établissements), namely, Pondichéry, Karikal, Mahé, and Yanaon. The Assemblée Représentative of French India allocated 39 seats to its 17 communes. Pondichéry and Karaikal had 8 and 6 electoral constituencies (circonscriptions électorales), respectively, while Mahé and Yanaon had one each.
As per Article 2 of the decree, the composition of the assembly is determined as follows:
Établissement de Pondichéry (22 seats)
Pondichéry: 6
Ariancoupom: 2
Bahour: 2
Modéliarpeth: 2
Oulgaret: 4
Nettapacom: 2
Tiroubouvané: 2
Villenour: 2
Établissement de Karaikal (12 seats)
Karaikal Ville: 4
Cotchéry: 2
Grand'Aldée: 2
Neravy: 1
Nédouncadou: 1
Tirnoular: 2
Établissement de Mahé (3 seats)
Mahé: 3
Établissement de Yanaon (2 seats)
Yanaon: 2
List of seats
1955 Pondicherry Representative Assembly election
The 1955 Pondicherry Representative Assembly election was held from 18 to 23 July. Initially, Maurice Pakkiriswamy Pillai led the Pondicherry Representative Assembly from 17 August 1955, until his death in January 1956. At that point, another cabinet was formed, comprising Eduard Goubert, Chandrasekhara Chettiar, Mohammed Yusoof, S. Dakshinamoorthy Mudaliar, and Thiagraja Naicker.
1959 Pondicherry Representative Assembly election
The 1959 Pondicherry Representative Assembly election was held from 11 to 14 August. Among the winners, a six-member council of ministers was formed under the leadership of V. Venkatasubba Reddiar and included Eduard Goubert, C. E. Barathan, Gouroussamy Pillai, P. Shanmugam, and Mohamed Ismail Maricar.
Assembly building inauguration
The representative assembly building was inaugurated during the Second Assembly by then-commissioner S. K. Dutta, on 11 August 1961. However, that event was boycotted by leaders of the People's Front, which was the principal opposition party. The deputy leader of the opposition, M. M. Hussaine, clarified that it was a passive demonstration to garner attention from the central government in order to hasten the process of de jure transfer. A resolution urging this transfer was passed by the assembly in November 1959.
Dissolution
The French settlements in India were de jure transferred on 16 August 1962. The Pondicherry Representative Assembly functioned until 30 June 1963 and was succeeded by the Puducherry Legislative Assembly. The Indian Parliament enacted the Government of Union Territories Act, 1963, which came into force on 1 July 1963, and the pattern of government prevailing in the rest of the country was introduced in this territory also, but subject to certain limitations. Edouard Goubert became the chief minister in the subsequent Pondicherry Legislative Assembly.
See also
Representative Assembly of French India
Municipal Administration in French India
French colonial empire
References
Notes
French India
Colonial India
Yanam
Puducherry
Karaikal
1955 establishments in India |
is a novel written by Japanese poet and filmmaker Sion Sono, based on his film Suicide Club and its prequel Noriko's Dinner Table (the two were supposed to form a trilogy with another film). It was published by Kawade Shobō Shinsha in 2002.
Plot
Suicide Circle: The Complete Edition tells in four different chapters the story behind a fictional mass suicide that takes place on the Shinjuku Station in 2002, on which 54 high school girls throw themselves in front of a train. This event unleashes in Japan—and soon after, in the world—a chain of suicides that seems endless. Police officers try to stop it and understand why this is happening, and after several events they find a connection between the suicides and a website that belongs to a mysterious organization called Family Circle.
Through this website, Family Circle enrolls young people and incite them to run away from home to serve the Circle "family rentals", a service that the organization provides to families who lost relatives to suicide. Parallel to this, alongside the police's quest, the book also follows the story of one of Family Circle's new members who witnessed the mass suicide, Noriko Shimabara, and how her own family slowly falls apart to the suicide wave, while her father tries to "rescue" her from the Circle. In the end, all the pieces come together as the true meaning behind the website is revealed.
Analysis
The book deals mostly with the theme of suicide, and the high teenage and Internet suicide rates in Japan, but also connects suicide with family and the generation gap between parents and children in modern society. It is also concerned with the nature of happiness, the perception of reality, and uses the figure of the circle to represent various philosophies.
Kanzenban was written by Sion Sono in order to give insight in the philosophy of suicide for his planned Suicide Club trilogy, and to intertwine the stories of these films.
See also
References
External links
Sion Sono's official site
Sion Sono's statement on the novel
2002 Japanese novels
Thriller novels
Dystopian novels
Kawade Shobō Shinsha books |
Riaz Khan (born 2 April 1976) is a Pakistani politician who had been a member of the Provincial Assembly of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa from August 2018 till January 2023. He beat Maulana Fazli Ghafoor and Bakht Jehan Khan in the 2018 general elections.
Political career
He was elected to the Provincial Assembly of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa as a candidate of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf from Constituency PK-20 (Buner-I) in 2018 Pakistani general election.
References
Living people
Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf MPAs (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa)
People from Buner District
1976 births |
The DFV-Supercup (also known as Pokal des Deutschen Sportechos) was the super cup of East German football, played between the winners of the DDR-Oberliga and the FDGB-Pokal.
History
It was originally planned to start in 1988, but was postponed as BFC Dynamo had won both competitions. An edition was played in 1989, with the Cup Winners BFC Dynamo beating Dynamo Dresden 4–1. The competition was not played in 1990 with German reunification underway, and an all-German Deutschland Cup was played instead. In 1991, the winners of the last East German titles, Hansa Rostock, along with cup finalists Stahl Eisenhüttenstadt, entered the DFB-Supercup.
Teams
1989 match
Details
Gallery
See also
List of East German football champions
FDGB-Pokal
References
External links
East Germany - List of Cup Finals, RSSSF.com
Defunct football cup competitions in Germany
Supercup
Germany, East
DFL-Supercup
1989–90 in German football cups
1989–90 in East German football
Berliner FC Dynamo matches
Dynamo Dresden matches
Sport in Cottbus
August 1989 sports events in Europe
20th century in Cottbus
Association football matches in East Germany |
Mingol (, also Romanized as Mīngol; also known as Mangol, Mangowl, Mengowl, and Mingul) is a village in Sumay-ye Shomali Rural District, Sumay-ye Beradust District, Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 315, in 55 families.
References
Populated places in Urmia County |
Włodzimierz Tomaszewski (born 16 November 1956 in Łódź) is a Polish politician who was vice president of Łódź (2002–2010) and a member of the IX Sejm.
References
Living people
1956 births
Members of the Polish Sejm 2019–2023
Politicians from Łódź |
The men's long jump was one of four men's jumping events on the Athletics at the 1964 Summer Olympics program in Tokyo. It was held on 18 October 1964. 37 athletes from 23 nations entered, with 5 not starting in the qualification round. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by Lynn Davies of Great Britain, breaking a string of eight straight American victories. It was Great Britain's first gold medal in the men's long jump, and first medal since 1900. It was only the second time the United States had not won the event, with Sweden's William Petersson in 1920 the only non-American to win before Davies. Ralph Boston of the United States and Igor Ter-Ovanesyan of the Soviet Union became the third and fourth men to win a second medal in the long jump (Boston had won gold and Ter-Ovanesyan bronze in 1960).
Background
This was the 15th appearance of the event, which is one of 12 athletics events to have been held at every Summer Olympics. The returning finalists from the 1960 Games were defending champion Ralph Boston of the United States, bronze medalist Igor Ter-Ovanesyan of the Soviet Union, eleventh-place finisher Dimos Manglaras of Greece, and thirteenth-place finisher Fred Alsop of Great Britain. The event was expected to be a battle between Boston and Ter-Ovanesyan; since the 1960 Games, Boston had broken his own world record twice, Ter-Ovanesyan had broken Boston's new world record, and then Boston had first tied and then broken Ter-Ovanesyan's new world record.
Ghana, Hong Kong, Jamaica, and Puerto Rico each made their first appearance in the event. The United States appeared for the 15th time, the only nation to have long jumpers at each of the Games thus far.
Competition format
The 1964 competition used the two-round format with divided final introduced in 1952. The qualifying round gave each competitor three jumps to achieve a distance of 7.60 metres; if fewer than 12 men did so, the top 12 (including all those tied) would advance. The final provided each jumper with three jumps; the top six jumpers received an additional three jumps for a total of six, with the best to count (qualifying round jumps were not considered for the final).
Records
Prior to this competition, the existing world and Olympic records were as follows.
No new world or Olympic records were set during the competition.
Schedule
All times are Japan Standard Time (UTC+9)
Results
Qualifying
The qualification standard was 7.60 metres with a minimum of 12 jumpers advancing. Each jumper had three opportunities. Since only 5 jumpers met the standard, the next 7 longest jumpers also advanced.
Final
For the final, the qualification marks were ignored and each jumper received three jumps. The six jumpers with the best marks in the final were awarded three more attempts, and their best mark from all six of the final jumps was considered.
References
Athletics at the 1964 Summer Olympics
Long jump at the Olympics
Men's events at the 1964 Summer Olympics |
The 2011 Wofford Terriers team represented Wofford College in the 2011 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The Terriers were led by 24th-year head coach Mike Ayers and played their home games at Gibbs Stadium. They are a member of the Southern Conference. They finished the season 8–4, 6–2 in SoCon play to finish in a tie for second place. They received an at-large bid into the FCS playoffs where they lost in the second round to Northern Iowa.
Schedule
References
Wofford
Wofford Terriers football seasons
Wofford
Wofford Terriers football |
Adolf Edward Nussbaum (10 January 1925 – 31 October 2009) was a German-born American theoretical mathematician who was a professor of mathematics at Washington University in St. Louis for nearly 40 years. He worked with others in 20th-century theoretical physics and mathematics such as J. Robert Oppenheimer and John von Neumann, and was acquainted with Albert Einstein.
Early years
Nussbaum was born to a Jewish family in Rheydt, a borough of the German city Mönchengladbach in northwestern Germany, in 1925. The youngest of three children, he was a Holocaust survivor and was orphaned after the Nazi takeover of Germany.
Both his father, Karl Nussbaum, a wounded veteran of World War I during which he had been awarded the Iron Cross, and his mother, Franziska, was murdered at Auschwitz. His brother, Erwin Nussbaum, was also captured and killed. Nussbaum and his sister, Lieselotte, were separated and sent on a Kindertransport to Belgium in 1939.
When Belgium was invaded by Germany, Nussbaum escaped to southern France, then under the Vichy regime. He lived there at an orphanage known as Château de la Hille. He began his teaching career there, while still a teenager, teaching mathematics to the younger children.
After being captured twice, and jailed once by the Nazis, he escaped on foot to Switzerland, where he attended the University of Zurich, studying both mathematics and physics. In 1947, he was sponsored by relatives in New Jersey to emigrate to the United States.
Career
Shortly after emigrating to the United States, he studied mathematics at Brooklyn College before transferring to Columbia University in New York where he earned his Master of Arts degree in 1950 and his Ph.D. in 1957.
While writing his thesis for Columbia, he worked in the academic year 1952–1953 at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton with John von Neumann, a mathematician who used Hilbert spaces in his development of the mathematical basis of quantum mechanics. Hilbert spaces eventually became Nussbaum's area of expertise and he wrote several papers with von Neumann on this topic. During this period, Nussbaum also became acquainted with Albert Einstein, another of the original group at the Institute for Advanced Study.
Nussbaum's thesis was accepted with no revisions and he received his doctorate shortly thereafter.
In the meantime he had worked at the University of Connecticut in Storrs, where he co-authored papers with Allen Devinatz, and at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy, New York. He followed Devinatz to St. Louis to teach at Washington University in 1958.
In 1962, he was a visiting scholar at the Institute for Advanced Studies working with Robert Oppenheimer; in 1967–68 he was a visiting scholar at Stanford University in Palo Alto, California.
He joined Washington University's mathematics faculty as an assistant professor in 1958. He became a full professor in 1966 and taught until 1995, when he was named an emeritus professor.
Personal life
Nussbaum married his cousin's sister-in-law, Anne Ebbin, on September 1, 1957. They had a son, Karl Erich Nussbaum and a daughter, Franziska Suzanne Nussbaum. He died in St. Louis, Missouri, in 2009.
Selected publications
}
Notes
1925 births
2009 deaths
20th-century American mathematicians
21st-century American mathematicians
Mathematical analysts
Jewish American scientists
Washington University physicists
Columbia University alumni
Institute for Advanced Study visiting scholars
Washington University in St. Louis faculty
Emigrants from Nazi Germany
Immigrants to Belgium
Immigrants to the United States
Kindertransport refugees
Washington University in St. Louis mathematicians
People from Mönchengladbach
Scientists from St. Louis
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute faculty
Brooklyn College alumni |
Älvsborgs FF is a Swedish football club located in Västra Frölunda.
Background
Älvsborgs FF currently (2016) plays in Division 3 Sydvästra Götaland which is the fifth tier of Swedish football. They play their home matches at the Påvelundsplan in Västra Frölunda.
The club is affiliated to Göteborgs Fotbollförbund. Älvsborgs FF have competed in the Svenska Cupen on 5 occasions and have played 7 matches in the competition. They played in the 2011 Svenska Cupen but lost 1–3 at home to IFK Fjärås in the preliminary round.
Season to season
Footnotes
External links
Älvsborgs FF – Official website
Alvsborg FF |
Savannah Alfia Stubley (born 18 July 2001) is an English boxer. She participated in the 2022 Commonwealth Games in Light Flyweight winning a bronze medal.
References
2001 births
Living people
Commonwealth Games medallists in boxing
Commonwealth Games bronze medallists for England
Boxers at the 2022 Commonwealth Games
Medallists at the 2022 Commonwealth Games
English women boxers
Commonwealth Games competitors for England |
Henrik Gustaf Söderbaum (12 March 1862 in Kalmar – 1933 in Djursholm) was a Swedish chemist and secretary of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences from 1923 to 1933.
Söderbaum enrolled at Uppsala University 1879, and was awarded his Ph.D. in 1888 for the thesis Studier öfver platooxalylföreningar ("Studies of platooxalyl compounds"), and was made docent in chemistry the same year. He was made a senior lecturer in chemistry and chemical technology at Chalmers Polytechnic Institute in Gothenburg in 1893. In 1899, he was made professor of agricultural chemistry at Royal Swedish Academy of Agriculture's experimental field in 1899. When the experimental field was reorganised as the Central Establishment for Agricultural Trials in 1907, he was made head of this organisation's chemical department, and remained on this post until 1923.
Söderbaum's scientific activities until 1896 were devoted partially to the studies complex platinum compounds, and partially and primarily to the synthesis and investigation of organic compounds of various classes. Later, he partially devoted himself to the history of chemistry, and especially to the biography of Jöns Jacob Berzelius (from 1901 he edited the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences' Berzelius publications) and partially to agricultural chemistry, where his investigations into assimilation of phosphorus and the action of various nitrogen fertilizers were seen as important.
His more important works on Berzelius included Berzelius’ werden und wachsen 1779-1821 ("Berzelius' formation and growth 1779-1821", in German) (1899), Jacob Berzelius. Själfbiografiska anteckningar ("Jacob Berzelius. Biographical notes") (1901), Jacob Berzelius. Reseanteckningar ("Jacob Berzelius. Travel notes") (1903) och Jacob Berzelius. Bref ("Jacob Berzelius. Letters") (volumes I-II, 1912, III, 1913, IV, 1915, V, 1918).
Söderbaum was a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences from 1898, the Academy's president 1912-1913, member of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry from 1900, member of the Royal Society of Sciences and Letters in Gothenburg from 1898, member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Agriculture from 1901, and of the Royal Society of Sciences in Uppsala from 1921. 1918 he was made deputy secretary of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, and was the Academy's secretary from 1923 to his death in 1933. From 1925 he was a member of the board of the Nobel Foundation.
Henrik Gustaf Söderbaum was father to the Swedish-German actress Kristina Söderbaum.
References
Swedish chemists
Academic staff of the Chalmers University of Technology
Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
1862 births
1933 deaths
Members of the Royal Society of Sciences and Letters in Gothenburg
Members of the Royal Society of Sciences in Uppsala |
St. Mary's Church is a Roman Catholic church in Gulberg, Pakistan. It was founded in 1961 in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lahore.
The parish priest from 2000 to 2002 was Fr. Francis Nadeem, OFMCap The parish priest in 2020 is Fr. Patrick Samuel, OFMCap
Programs
The parish hosts five youth groups whose activities are Prayer, Bible Sharing, Promoting Awareness of Catechism, Education, Peace and Social Harmony.
The Parish is also home to the Family Fellowship Forum. The forum is attended by about 100 couples. It meets every two months to discuss issues such as tolerance in the family, children's formation, values and education. Father Morris Jalal started the forum after parishioners sought counselling from him about their family problems. The priest stressed the need to implement such programs in city parishes, where people do not even know their neighbours. St. Mary's Parish has about 2,200 families, 40 percent of which moved tere from areas outside Lahore.
The parish has a college scholarship fund. St. Mary's Church held its fourth annual fund-raising event, titled Deep Say Deep Jalao (lighting one lamp after another), during the evening of June 10, 2006.
That year, the parish raised 344,000 rupees (US$5,743).
The program helped three young parishioners to get nursing training at hospitals and four others who went to study at the Don Bosco Technical Institute, Lahore.
Another accomplishment was the opening of the Tarbiyat (training) Centre in the Parish in 2007, which had the aim of empowering parishioners through knowledge of their own and other religions. The centre's main resource base is its collection of 2,000 books in English and Urdu on Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Sikhism and Taoism. The library also contains books on culture, philosophy and sociology, as well as 200 compact discs. In addition, the centre has a computer with Internet access.
Capuchin Father Eubert Pollentier served in the archdiocese for 48 years.
References
Roman Catholic churches in Lahore
Roman Catholic churches completed in 1961
1961 establishments in Pakistan |
Ricardo Aranda Cellona, known by his stage name Tom Olivar (born April 26, 1963), is a film and television actor in the Philippines.
Career
He is one of the active character actors in Philippine films and TV series since the 1980s.
He appeared in the classic film Bulaklak sa City Jail (1984) with a star-studded cast: Nora Aunor, Gina Alajar, Celia Rodriguez, Perla Bautista, Gloria Romero, and Ricky Davao, among others. He garnered a Best Supporting Actor award from the 1984 Metro Manila Film Festival for the film.
He was cast in several ABS-CBN and GMA-7 teleseryes and melodramas.
One of his memorable appearances was in ABS-CBN's Maalaala Mo Kaya episode "Hair Clip", which aired on March 2, 2013, starring Maricar Reyes, Belle Mariano and Elizabeth Oropesa.
He appeared in more than 70 movies and television shows.
Olivar played villains in the action films Gawa Na ang Bala Na Papatay sa Iyo (1988), Markang Bungo: The Bobby Ortega Story (1991), Alyas Pogi 2 (1991), Gobernador (1992), Manong Gang (1992), Hanggang May Buhay (1992), Sala sa Init, Sala sa Lamig (1993), Ako ang Katarungan: The Lt. Napoleon Guevarra Story (1993), Mancao (1994), Iligpit Na Natin si Bobby Ortega: Markang Bungo 2 (1995), Batas Ko ang Katapat Mo! (1995), Ang Titser Kong Pogi (1995), Kung Marunong Kang Magdasal, Umpisahan Mo Na! (1996), Minsan Ko Lang Sasabihin (2000), Kilabot at Kembot (2002), and Walang Iwanan, Peksman (2002).
Olivar also played villains in the teleseryes Sana Bukas Pa ang Kahapon (2014), FPJ's Ang Probinsyano (2016), The Better Half (2017), La Luna Sangre (2017) and The Promise of Forever (2017).
Filmography
Film
Television
Agila (1987-1992)
Ikaw Lang ang Mamahalin (2001-2002)
Marimar (2007)
Daisy Siete (TV series) (2008)
May Bukas Pa (2009)
Magkano ang Iyong Dangal? (2010)
Noah (2010-2011)
Maalaala Mo Kaya - "Itak" (2011)
I Heart You, Pare! (2011)
Nasaan Ka Elisa? (2011-2012)
Spooky Nights (2011-2012)
Maria la del Barrio (2012)
Legacy (2012)
Walang Hanggan (2012)
Maalaala Mo Kaya - "Belo" (2012)
Maalaala Mo Kaya - "Gong" (2012)
Maalaala Mo Kaya - "Hair Clip II" (2013)
Pangako sa 'Yo (2015)
Magpahanggang Wakas (2016)
FPJ's Ang Probinsyano (2016)
Alyas Robin Hood (2017)
The Iron Heart (2022)
References
External links
1963 births
Living people
Filipino male film actors
Filipino male television actors |
Plants
Angiosperms
Dinosaurs
Plesiosaurs
New taxa
See also
References |
Shongor-e Olya (, also Romanized as Shongor-e ‘Olyā; also known as Sangar-e ‘Olyā, Shagar-e Bālā, Shongor, Shongor Bālā, and Shongor-e Bālā) is a village in Kheybar Rural District, Choghamish District, Dezful County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 778, in 129 families.
References
Populated places in Dezful County |
Publius Sempronius Sophus was a Roman politician and general who achieved the honors of being both consul and censor in his political career, as well as renown for being a talented and well respected jurist.
Family
Sempronius was a member of the noble Roman clan of the Sempronii, a gens which had acquired two consulships and four consular tribuneships in the first century of the republic, but had since fallen into obscurity. Sempronius was the first member of the family since 416 BC to acquire a known curule office, but unlike the previous consular Sempronii, who were all patricians, this Sempronius came from a plebeian branch of the gens, as would all consular Sempronii who would follow. His lineage is unknown apart from the fact that his father was also named Publius and his grandfather was named Gaius, but it is known that he had a son, also named Publius Sempronius Sophus, who would himself be consul in 268 BC and Censor in 252 BC.
Tribune of the Plebs
In 310 BC, Sempronius attained his first known political position as Tribune of the plebs, and played a major role in the domestic activities of Rome for that year. Indeed, for in that year the censor Appius Claudius Crassus, later to be known as Caecus, refused to abdicate his position despite his 18-month term being completed and the fact that his colleague had himself resigned in accordance to the law. In response to this, Sempronius used his powers as Tribune of the plebs to commence a motion to have Claudius removed from his office of Censor. After reading out loud the Lex Aemilia, the law that restricted the term of the censor to 18 months, and praising the noble intent of the author of the law, Mamercus Aemilius Mamercinus, Sempronius apparently commenced a long speech which denounced Claudius, comparing him to both his infamous ancestor, the decemvir Appius Claudius Crassus and the hated Tarquinius Superbus. After finishing this speech, Sempronius ordered Claudius to be arrested and stripped of his title, and while six of his colleagues supported this measure, the remaining three defended Claudius and vetoed the orders of Sempronius, and therefore Claudius remained in office.
Consul and Censor
Sempronius is next mentioned in 304 BC when he was elected consul alongside Publius Sulpicius Saverrio. In this year the Samnites, who had been defeated the previous year, sued for peace from the Romans. The senate were not convinced of the sincerity of this request however as the Samnites had previously used said discussions of treaties to buy time, so they sent Sempronius, who was set to campaign against Samnium anyway, to go to Samnium with an army in order to gauge if the Samnites truly wanted to come to a peace. When he arrived he did indeed come to the conclusion that the Samnites truly strived for peace, so he negotiated a peace treaty with them, finally putting and end to the Second Samnite War, which had been raging for 22 years at this point, to a conclusion. The rest of the year was not spent in peace however as there was a war soon after with the Aequi. The Aequi were old enemies of Rome who had sided with the Samnites in the prior war, and even after the Samnites surrendered, the Aequians still refused to submit to Rome, causing war to be declared on them by the Romans. Thus, Sempronius alongside his colleague Sulpicius campaigned against the Aequi, who were extremely disorganized and thus easily crushed. After this victory, the consuls ravaged the Aequian lands, taking and destroying up to 31 Aequian cities within 50 days, almost completely wiping the Aequians and their cities from the map. The consuls then returned to Rome and celebrated Triumphs, though the victories for each are disputed. Livy states that both consuls triumphed over the Aequi but the Fasti Triumphales instead states that only Sempronius celebrated a triumph over the Aequians while Sulpicius earned his for an otherwise unrecorded victory over the Samnites.
In 300 BC, Sempronius was himself elected censor, with the other censor being Publius Sulpicius Saverrio, his previous consular partner in 304 BC. In this role, he alongside Sulpicius completed the lustrum the next year and added two more tribes, Aniensis and Terentina, to the Tribal Assembly. In the same year a law was passed which opened the priestly colleges of the Pontifices and Augurs to plebeian membership, with Sempronius being appointed as one of the four new plebeian members of the College of Pontiffs.
Praetor
In 296 BC, in the midst of the Third Samnite War, Sempronius was elected as Praetor, a position which though inferior to that of consul, was frequently held by ex consuls at this time. In this year, there was news received in Rome that the Etruscans, who had allied with the Samnites against Rome, had invited the Umbrians and Gauls to join their cause as well. This struck great panic into the senators of Rome, particularly because of the Roman dread of Gauls which originated during the Sack of Rome nearly a century earlier, and thus they ordered that not only should all free men of fighting age take the military oath, but that regiments should be formed from those above optimal fighting age and freedmen. Since both consuls were away from Rome campaigning against the Etruscans, the Senate gave command of this army to Sempronius in his position as praetor, so that he may guard the city. These fears were alleviated however when the Samnite force invading Campania at the time was crushed by one of the consuls, Lucius Volumnius Flamma Violens, causing the Senate to order a joyous thanksgiving in thanks to the consul. Slightly afterwards, the Senate resolved to establish two colonies around Campania to protect the region, ordering the Plebeian tribunes to pass a plebescite to make Sempronius appoint three men to establish the colonies, which was soon done, though there was a dearth of colonists willing to settle in such a war torn territory. This year was the final one in which Sempronius was mentioned by our sources
Reputation as a jurist and personal life
In his own time as well as in future centuries, Sempronius was greatly renowned for his knowledge and judicial abilities, for which he acquired his cognomen "Sophus", meaning wise. Despite this however, none of legal activity is recorded. Nothing is known of his personal life with the exception being that he may have been the Publius Sempronius Sophus who divorced his wife for her going to the public games against his will, though that may instead have been his son of the same name.
References
4th-century BC Roman consuls
Ancient Roman censors
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing |
Qaleh Joqeh (, also Romanized as Qal‘eh Joqeh; also known as Qal‘eh Jūqeh) is a village in Obatu Rural District, Karaftu District, Divandarreh County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 497, in 108 families. The village is populated by Kurds.
References
Towns and villages in Divandarreh County
Kurdish settlements in Kurdistan Province |
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to domestic violence:
Domestic violence – pattern of abusive behaviors by one or both partners in an intimate relationship, such as marriage, dating, family, or cohabitation. It is also known as domestic abuse, spousal abuse, battering, family violence, and intimate partner violence (IPV).
What type of thing is domestic violence?
Domestic violence can be described as all of the following:
Violence – use of physical force to apply a state to others contrary to their wishes and may include some combination of verbal, emotional, economic, physical and sexual abuse.
Coercive Control – Braiker identified the following ways that manipulators control their victims:
Positive reinforcement: praise, superficial charm, superficial sympathy (crocodile tears), excessive apologizing; money, approval, gifts; attention, facial expressions such as a forced laugh or smile; public recognition.
Negative reinforcement: removing one from a negative situation as a reward. For example: "You won't have to walk home if you allow me to do this to you."
Intermittent or partial reinforcement: partial or intermittent negative reinforcement can create an effective climate of fear and doubt. Partial or intermittent positive reinforcement can encourage the victim to persist.
Punishment: berating, yelling, refusing to speak to partner, intimidation, threats, swearing, emotional blackmail, the guilt trap, sulking, crying, and playing the victim.
Traumatic one-trial learning: verbal abuse, explosive anger, or other intimidating behavior to establish dominance or superiority; even one incident of such behavior can condition or train victims to avoid upsetting, confronting or contradicting the manipulator.
Oppression – exercise of authority or power in a burdensome, cruel, or unjust manner. It can also be defined as an act or instance of oppressing, the state of being oppressed, and the feeling of being heavily burdened, mentally or physically, by troubles, adverse conditions, and anxiety. Abusers usually humiliate and brainwash the victim verbally, in which the victims may find themselves devalued with emotional distress. The intention is to exploit and dominate in depriving the victim of their most basic rights and needs.
Extreme criticism constantly - This is one of the most serious emotional abuse issues. Abusers will use many brainwashing techniques to make the victims question themselves upon their guilt – this may lead to the victims suffering from Post-traumatic stress disorder. Abusers often like to criticise the victims either directly or indirectly. The intention of such an act is to make the victim lose their confidence and doubt their abilities so that they look to their abuser to give them the validation they need. Abusers may also leave the victims isolated from their family and friends and many of them resulted in mental distress like feeling ashamed, terrified and hurt.
Prevalence
Epidemiology of domestic violence – Domestic violence occurs across the world, in various cultures, and affects people across society, irrespective of economic status or gender.
Forms
The following table includes the forms of violence typically defined as part of Intimate partner violence, which is domestic violence in an intimate relationship by one's spouse or lover. It also includes a column for other family members or partners.
The rate of occurrence varies considerably based upon one's country, socio-economic class, culture, religion, family history and other factors.
Victims
Domestic violence affects people across society, irrespective of age, gender, sexual orientation, culture, religion or socio-economic status. Stop Abuse For Everyone (SAFE), a United States domestic violence organization, advocates for an "inclusive" model of domestic violence, focusing on groups that are "lacking in services", such as abused men, gay, lesbian, intersex, and transgender victims, and the elderly.
Women
Some forms of domestic violence are unique to women victims:
Bride-buying
Domestic violence and pregnancy
Domestic violence in lesbian relationships
Misogyny, the hate and contempt of women and girls
Men
Male victims of domestic abuse:
Domestic violence against men
Misandry, the hate and contempt of men and boys
A large study, compiled by Martin S. Fiebert, shows that women are as likely to be abusive to men, but the men are less likely to be hurt. However, he noted, men are seriously injured in 38% of the cases in which "extreme aggression" is used. Fiebert additionally noted that his work was not meant to minimize the serious effects of men who abuse women. Women are far more likely to use weapons, such as throwing a plate or firing a gun. The National Institute of Justice (NIJ) contends that a national survey, supported by NIJ, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Bureau of Justice Statistics that examined more serious assaults, does not support the conclusion of similar rates of male and female spousal assaults. This survey was conducted within a safety or crime context and found more partner abuse by men against women. A study published in the Violence & Victims Journal Vol. 1 concluded that a feminist analysis of Domestic Abuse was necessary to combat common misconceptions. The study found that 92% of women who used violence against their male partners were in self-defense, and that violence reciprocated by victims may be an integral part of abuse victimology.
LGBT
Abuse in same-sex relationships is under-researched area of domestic violence, with a very wide range of prevalence estimates, and with fewer resources available for shelter and counseling.
Domestic violence in same-sex relationships
Domestic violence in lesbian relationships
Children
Within a family, children may be victims of domestic child abuse in various ways:
Parental bullying of children, where a parent is overly aggressive towards his or her child
Narcissistic parent, where the child is considered to exist to fulfill the parent's wishes and needs
Sibling abuse, where one sibling is abusive towards another sibling
A child may be affected by domestic violence even when the child is not the direct target:
Effects of domestic violence on children
Parents and the elderly
Domestic violence can also be perpetrated by children against their parents:
Parental abuse by children, also known as child-to-parent violence
Elder abuse, domestic violence against older people
Research concepts
Measurement instruments
Conflict tactics scale – research method for identifying intimate partner violence by measuring the conflict tactic behaviors.
Theoretical constructs
Cycle of abuse – social cycle theory to explain patterns of behavior of a violent intimate relationship: Tension building phase, acting-out phase, reconciliation / honeymoon phase, and calm phase, which leads back to the tension building phase.
Cycle of violence
Within a relationship – repeated acts of violence as a cyclical pattern, associated with high emotions and doctrines of retribution or revenge. The pattern, or cycle, repeats and can happen many times during a relationship. Each phase may last a different length of time and over time the level of violence may increase.
Intergenerational cycle of violence – violence that is passed from father to son or daughter, parent to child, or sibling to sibling.
Misandry – the hatred or dislike of men or boys, which manifests like Misogyny.
Misogyny – the hatred or dislike of women or girls, may be manifested in varying degrees of intensity, like teaching girls or women to feel self-contempt or violence.
Relational disorder – dysfunction within a relationship, versus being specific to a specific individual's dysfunction.
Partner dynamics
Situational couple violence – arises infrequently out of conflicts that escalate to arguments and then to violence, rather than a general pattern of control. It is likely the most common type of intimate partner violence. Women are "almost as likely" as men to be abusers, however, women are more likely to be physically injured, require police intervention and become fearful of their mates.
Intimate terrorism (IT) – pattern of ongoing control using emotional, physical and other forms of domestic violence. It is what was traditionally the definition of domestic violence depicted in the "Power and Control Wheel" which illustrates the different and inter-related forms of abuse.
Violent resistance (VR), or "self-defense" – violence perpetrated by victims against their abusive partners. It is generally used infrequently because, men are often better able to physically overpower women.
Common couple violence (CCV) – domestic violence "in which conflict occasionally gets ‘out of hand,’ leading usually to ‘minor’ forms of violence, and rarely escalates into serious or life-threatening forms of violence."
Mutual violent control (MVC) – rare type of intimate partner violence that occurs when both partners act in a violent manner, battling for control.
Impacts
The incidence of abuse may result in the following:
Effects of domestic violence on children – dysfunctions in the physical, behavioral, emotional, and social areas of life which affect their well-being, child development, teen dating experiences, future domestic situations and mortality.
Mental illness – psychological or behavioral pattern generally associated with subjective distress or disability that occurs in an individual, and which is not a part of normal development or culture. Such a disorder may consist of a combination of affective, behavioral, cognitive and perceptual components.
Battered person syndrome – physical and psychological condition victims of domestic abuse, which may be manifested as a type of Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), from an ongoing Cycle of abuse.
Self-harm – intentional, direct injuring of body tissue most often done without suicidal intentions.
Suicide, – act of intentionally causing one's own death. Suicide is often committed out of despair or attributed to some underlying mental disorder, such as depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, alcoholism, or drug abuse.
Self-immolation – setting oneself on fire, often as a form of protest or for the purposes of martyrdom or suicide.
Legal
Domestic violence court – specialized courts designed to improve victim safety and enhance defendant accountability, created in response to frustration among victim advocates, judges and attorneys who saw the same litigants cycling through the justice system repeatedly.
Evidence-based prosecution of domestic violence – prosecutors aggressively trying domestic violence cases, basing their cases on evidence rather than victim cooperation, resulting in higher conviction rates.
Injunction – equitable remedy in the form of a court order that requires a party to do or refrain from doing certain acts. A party that fails to comply with an injunction faces criminal or civil penalties and may have to pay damages or accept sanctions. In some cases, breaches of injunctions are considered serious criminal offenses that merit arrest and possible prison sentences.
Restraining order – requires a party to do, or to refrain from doing, certain acts. A party that refuses to comply with an order faces criminal or civil penalties and may have to pay damages or accept sanctions. Breaches of restraining orders can be considered serious criminal offences that merit arrest and possible prison sentences. The term is most commonly used in reference to domestic violence, harassment, stalking or sexual assault.
Battered woman defense – a self-defense measure used in court that the person accused of an assault / murder was suffering from battered person syndrome.
Religion and domestic violence
Religion and domestic violence
Christianity and domestic violence
Islam and domestic violence
Peaceful Families Project – Muslim organization
Domestic violence by region
Domestic violence in Afghanistan
Family Response Unit – office of the Afghan National Police which deals with domestic violence, female and child victims of crime, and female suspects. The unit is staffed by policewomen trained by the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA).
Domestic violence in Argentina
Domestic violence against women in Argentina
Domestic violence in Armenia
Domestic violence in Australia
Act as 1 Campaign – Domestic Violence and Family Violence Prevention campaign led by the Queensland Government.
Humbug (Aboriginal) – forms of begging and domestic violence in rural and remote Aboriginal communities in the Northern Territory, Australia.
Domestic violence in Bolivia
Domestic violence in Brazil
Human rights in Brazil and domestic violence
Lei Maria da Penha – Brazil's federal law against domestic violence
Domestic violence in Chile
Domestic violence in Colombia
Lissette Ochoa domestic violence case – one of the best known cases of spousal abuse in Colombia because of the couple's elite social status and for the brutality of the battering perpetrated on Lissette Ochoa by her husband Rafael Dangond.
Domestic violence in Ecuador
Domestic violence in Guyana
Domestic violence in India
Bell Bajao – campaign of the Breakthrough (human rights) organization
Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act 2005 – India federal law
Save Indian Family (India) – men's rights movement that asserts misuse of India's laws related to dowry harassment and domestic violence and provides moral and legal support for men and their families who have suffered or have been accused of intimate partner violence.
Domestic violence in Iran
Domestic violence in Malaysia
Women's Aid Organisation – non-governmental organization that fights for women's rights and specifically against violence against women.
Domestic violence in Norway
Domestic violence in Panama
Domestic violence in Paraguay
Domestic violence in Peru
Domestic violence in Russia
Domestic violence in Samoa
Domestic violence in South Korea
Korea Women's Hot Line – non-profit women's rights activist group, protecting women's rights from all kinds of violence and advancing women's social position as well as establishing gender equality in the spheres of family, work, and society.
Domestic violence in Spain
Shows red card to abuser – a public awareness campaign and symbol to say "no" to domestic violence
Domestic violence in Tajikistan
Domestic violence in Turkey
Domestic violence in the United Kingdom
Organizations
Broken Rainbow (organisation) – deals with same sex domestic violence
Campaign Against Domestic Violence – organization with multi-pronged approach towards eliminating domestic violence
ManKind Initiative – domestic violence charity
Refuge (United Kingdom charity) – charity for female victims
Scottish Women's Aid – charity to prevent domestic violence against women and children
Women's Aid Federation of England – United Kingdom charity to prevent domestic violence against women and children
What's it going to take? – campaign of the WAFOE
Laws \ legal issues
Domestic Violence, Crime and Victims Act 2004 –
Domestic violence in the United States
Laws \ legal issues
Address confidentiality program – some states in the United States
Domestic Violence Offender Gun Ban – addresses Gun violence in the United States
Violence Against Women Act – United States federal law
Family Violence Prevention and Services Act –
Organizations
Futures Without Violence –
Loveisrespect, National Teen Dating Abuse Helpline –
National Coalition Against Domestic Violence –
National Domestic Violence Hotline –
National Network to End Domestic Violence –
Tahirih Justice Center –
Prevention
Duluth model (United States) –
Initiatives to prevent sexual violence (United States) –
CVFR batterer intervention program (United States) – based on NVC and reported 0% recidivism
Restorative Justice
Experts
Academics
Some of the major academic researchers on domestic violence are:
Jacquelyn Campbell, domestic homicides, female victims
Kenneth Dodge, aggressive behavior, violence in children
Emily Douglas, child abuse and welfare, help seeking, public policy
Mary Ellsberg, international studies, violence against women
David Finkelhor, child sexual abuse
Nicola Graham-Kevan, aggression, perpetrator treatment
Denise Hines. prevention, dating violence, child abuse, male victims
Linda Saltzman, epidemiology, surveillance, prevalence
Murray Straus, prevalence, corporal punishment
Activists
Some of the most notable domestic violence activists are:
Ruahine Albert, New Zealand, co-founded women's shelter, perpetrator treatment
Angela Barker, Australia, dating violence victim, advocate
Sarah Buel, USA, lawyer, victim advocate
Elizabeth Celi, Australia, psychologist, male victims
Anne Cools, Canada, senator, ran one of the first domestic violence shelters in Canada
Donna Ferrato, USA, photojournalist documenting domestic violence
Ellen Pence, USA, co-founded the Duluth Domestic Abuse Intervention Project
Erin Pizzey, England, founded the world's first domestic violence shelter
Deborah Tucker, USA, founded the first domestic violence shelter in the United States
International organizations and conventions
United Nations
United Nations Development Fund for Women
United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (UN Women)
United Nations General Assembly
Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women (DEVAW)
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW)
African Union
Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa (Maputo Protocol)
Council of Europe
Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence (Istanbul Convention)
Organization of American States
Inter-American Convention on the Prevention, Punishment, and Eradication of Violence against Women (Belém do Pará Convention)
Islam-related organizations
AHA Foundation – concerned with Muslim women's rights in Western countries
Peaceful Families Project – (Islamic organization)
Domestic violence-related media
Periodicals
Contemporary Family Therapy – journal with articles about "the latest developments in theory, research and practice pertaining to family therapy, with an emphasis on examining families within their broader socio-economic and ethnic matrices."
Family Process – non-profit journal with current articles about family system issues, focusing on research, policy, and applied practice.
Family Relations – international journal, published on behalf of the National Council on Family Relations, regarding family studies.
International Journal of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences
Journal of Adult Protection
Journal of Child and Family Studies
Journal of Family Issues – peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes papers in the field of Family Studies.
Journal of Family Psychology
Journal of Family Violence
Journal of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences
Journal of Interpersonal Violence – publishes current "information on domestic violence, rape, child sexual abuse and other violent crimes."
Journal of Marital and Family Therapy
Journal of Marriage and the Family
Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society – academic journal covering a wide range of disciplines covering issues like gender, race, culture, class, sexuality, and/or nation.
Trauma, Violence, & Abuse – publishes original research for practitioners.
Violence Against Women – peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes papers in the field of Women's studies.
Books, non-fictional
Mommie Dearest (1978), a memoir described the author's upbringing by an abusive alcoholic mother.
Life with Billy (1986), describing a woman's life with her abusive husband.
The War on Women (2007), about domestic violence in Canada.
Books, fictional
Oliver Twist
Documentaries
A Better Man (2017)
The Conspiracy of Silence
Defending Our Lives
Power and Control: Domestic Violence in America
Silent Voices
Sin by Silence
Films
Gallery
See also
Abuse
Dating violence
Domestic violence (women's) shelter
Gender studies
Impact of the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic on domestic violence
Interpersonal relationships
Men's rights
Sociology of the family
Victimization
Violence
References
Notes
Citations
External links
Presentation outline of The Faces of Domestic Violence, by Henry A. Doenlen, M.D.
Domestic Abuse Training Outline For Health Care Providers, U.S. Department of Defense
NCDSV. National Center on Domestic and Sexual Violence...consulting, training and advocacy.
RAINN. Information about the rights of spouses and how to protect oneself from spousal abuse.
Stop Abuse For Everyone. Services for victims of domestic violence who typically fall between the cracks, such as abused men, gay and lesbian victims, the elderly, teens, and immigrants.
Domestic Violence Against Men In Colorado. Information and research about partner violence against men.
Domestic violence
Domestic violence
Crime |
Leighton Hospital is a hospital located to the northwest of the town of Crewe in the county of Cheshire, England. It is managed by the Mid Cheshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust.
History
Built at a cost of £6 million, Leighton Hospital was officially opened by Queen Elizabeth II in May 1972. It replaced older facilities at Crewe District Memorial Hospital, Crewe Works Hospital (built by the London and North Western Railway Company), the Linden Grange Maternity Hospital and Coppenhall Hospital in Crewe, and Nantwich Cottage Hospital and the Barony Hospital in Nantwich.
Following an inspection in March 2018 the hospital was rated "good" by the Care Quality Commission and in June 2018 the hospital was recognised with a national award for patient experience.
In September 2021, a bid was submitted to the Department of Health and Social Care to fund a £663 million redevelopment of the hospital. Materials used in its original construction, particularly reinforced autoclaved aerated concrete (RAAC) panels in the roof and walls, had resulted in significant spending to resolve safety risks. A new build was estimated to be around £100 million cheaper than the continued refurbishment. On 25 May 2023 it was confirmed that the hospital would therefore be rebuilt. The Guardian newspaper noted that a 2020 proposal to rebuilt Leighton Hospital was not funded by HM Treasury during Rishi Sunak's term as Chancellor of the Exchequer, despite a "catastrophic" grade of risk and a warning that an incident was "likely".
See also
List of hospitals in England
References
External links
Leighton Hospital NHS Choices
Mid Cheshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Website
Hospital webpage
Buildings and structures in Crewe
Hospitals in Cheshire
NHS hospitals in England |
```objective-c
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.
#ifndef WebGeofencingError_h
#define WebGeofencingError_h
#include "WebString.h"
namespace blink {
struct WebGeofencingError {
enum ErrorType {
ErrorTypeAbort = 0,
ErrorTypeUnknown,
ErrorTypeLast = ErrorTypeUnknown
};
WebGeofencingError(ErrorType errorType, const WebString& message)
: errorType(errorType)
, message(message)
{
}
ErrorType errorType;
WebString message;
};
} // namespace blink
#endif // WebGeofencingError_h
``` |
```java
/*
* DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
*
*
* Subject to the condition set forth below, permission is hereby granted to any
* person obtaining a copy of this software, associated documentation and/or
* data (collectively the "Software"), free of charge and under any and all
* copyright rights in the Software, and any and all patent rights owned or
* freely licensable by each licensor hereunder covering either (i) the
* unmodified Software as contributed to or provided by such licensor, or (ii)
* the Larger Works (as defined below), to deal in both
*
* (a) the Software, and
*
* (b) any piece of software and/or hardware listed in the lrgrwrks.txt file if
* one is included with the Software each a "Larger Work" to which the Software
* is contributed by such licensors),
*
* without restriction, including without limitation the rights to copy, create
* derivative works of, display, perform, and distribute the Software and make,
* use, sell, offer for sale, import, export, have made, and have sold the
* Software and the Larger Work(s), and to sublicense the foregoing rights on
* either these or other terms.
*
* This license is subject to the following condition:
*
* The above copyright notice and either this complete permission notice or at a
* minimum a reference to the UPL must be included in all copies or substantial
* portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
* AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
* OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
* SOFTWARE.
*/
package com.oracle.truffle.api.test.host;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
import java.util.List;
import org.graalvm.polyglot.PolyglotException;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.oracle.truffle.api.interop.TruffleObject;
import com.oracle.truffle.tck.tests.TruffleTestAssumptions;
public class PrimitiveRawArrayInteropTest extends ProxyLanguageEnvTest {
@BeforeClass
public static void runWithWeakEncapsulationOnly() {
TruffleTestAssumptions.assumeWeakEncapsulation();
}
private Object[] objArr;
private byte[] byteArr;
private short[] shortArr;
private int[] intArr;
private long[] longArr;
private float[] floatArr;
private double[] doubleArr;
private char[] charArr;
private boolean[] boolArr;
public Object arr(int type) {
switch (type) {
case 0:
return objArr;
case 1:
return byteArr;
case 2:
return shortArr;
case 3:
return intArr;
case 4:
return longArr;
case 5:
return floatArr;
case 6:
return doubleArr;
case 7:
return charArr;
case 8:
return boolArr;
case 666:
throw new SimulatedDeath();
default:
throw new WrongArgument(type);
}
}
public static final class WrongArgument extends RuntimeException {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
final int type;
public WrongArgument(int type) {
this.type = type;
}
}
public interface RawInterop {
List<Object> arr(int type);
}
private TruffleObject obj;
private RawInterop interop;
@Override
public void before() {
super.before();
obj = asTruffleObject(this);
interop = asJavaObject(RawInterop.class, obj);
}
@Test
public void everyThingIsNull() {
assertNull(interop.arr(0));
assertNull(interop.arr(1));
assertNull(interop.arr(2));
assertNull(interop.arr(3));
assertNull(interop.arr(4));
assertNull(interop.arr(5));
assertNull(interop.arr(6));
assertNull(interop.arr(7));
assertNull(interop.arr(8));
}
@Test
public void exceptionIsPropagated() {
try {
assertNull(interop.arr(30));
} catch (PolyglotException hostException) {
assertTrue("Expected HostException but got: " + hostException.getClass(), hostException.isHostException());
WrongArgument wrongArgument = (WrongArgument) hostException.asHostException();
assertEquals(30, wrongArgument.type);
return;
}
fail("WrongArgument should have been thrown");
}
@Test
public void errorIsPropagated() {
try {
assertNull(interop.arr(666));
} catch (PolyglotException ex) {
assertTrue(ex.isInternalError());
return;
}
fail("SimulatedDeath should have been thrown");
}
@Test
@SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes", "unchecked"})
public void stringAsList() {
objArr = new Object[]{"Hello", "World", "!"};
List<Object> list = interop.arr(0);
assertEquals("Three elements", 3, list.size());
assertEquals("Hello", list.get(0));
assertEquals("World", list.get(1));
assertEquals("!", list.get(2));
list.set(1, "there");
assertEquals("there", objArr[1]);
list.set(0, null);
assertNull("set to null", objArr[0]);
List rawList = list;
rawList.set(0, 42);
assertEquals("safelly changed", 42, objArr[0]);
}
@Test
public void charOp() {
charArr = new char[]{'A', 'h', 'o', 'j'};
assertEquals('j', (char) interop.arr(7).get(3));
interop.arr(7).set(3, 'y');
String s = new String(charArr);
assertEquals("Ahoy", s);
}
@Test
public void boolOp() {
boolArr = new boolean[]{true, false};
interop.arr(8).set(1, !(Boolean) interop.arr(8).get(1));
assertEquals(boolArr[0], boolArr[1]);
}
@Test
public void byteSum() {
byteArr = new byte[]{(byte) 1, (byte) 2, (byte) 3};
assertSum("Sum is OK", 6, interop.arr(1));
}
@Test
public void shortSum() {
shortArr = new short[]{(short) 1, (short) 2, (short) 3};
assertSum("Sum is OK", 6, interop.arr(2));
}
@Test
public void intSum() {
intArr = new int[]{1, 2, 3};
assertSum("Sum is OK", 6, interop.arr(3));
}
@Test
public void longSum() {
longArr = new long[]{1, 2, 3};
assertSum("Sum is OK", 6, interop.arr(4));
}
@Test
public void floatSum() {
floatArr = new float[]{1, 2, 3};
assertSum("Sum is OK", 6, interop.arr(5));
}
@Test
public void doubleSum() {
doubleArr = new double[]{1, 2, 3};
assertSum("Sum is OK", 6, interop.arr(6));
}
@Test
public void writeSomebyteSum() {
byteArr = new byte[]{(byte) 10, (byte) 2, (byte) 3};
interop.arr(1).set(0, (byte) 1);
assertSum("Sum is OK", 6, interop.arr(1));
}
@Test
public void writeSomeshortSum() {
shortArr = new short[]{(short) 10, (short) 2, (short) 3};
interop.arr(2).set(0, (short) 1);
assertSum("Sum is OK", 6, interop.arr(2));
}
@Test
public void writeSomeintSum() {
intArr = new int[]{10, 2, 3};
interop.arr(3).set(0, 1);
assertSum("Sum is OK", 6, interop.arr(3));
}
@Test
public void writeSomelongSum() {
longArr = new long[]{10, 2, 3};
interop.arr(4).set(0, (long) 1);
assertSum("Sum is OK", 6, interop.arr(4));
}
@Test
public void writeSomefloatSum() {
floatArr = new float[]{10, 2, 3};
interop.arr(5).set(0, (float) 1);
assertSum("Sum is OK", 6, interop.arr(5));
}
@Test
public void writeSomedoubleSum() {
doubleArr = new double[]{10, 2, 3};
interop.arr(6).set(0, (double) 1);
assertSum("Sum is OK", 6, interop.arr(6));
}
private static void assertSum(String msg, double expected, List<? extends Object> numbers) {
double v = 0.0;
for (Object o : numbers) {
if (o instanceof Number) {
Number n = (Number) o;
v += n.doubleValue();
}
}
assertEquals(msg, expected, v, 0.05);
}
private static class SimulatedDeath extends ThreadDeath {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@Override
public String getMessage() {
return "simulation";
}
}
}
``` |
Utica station may refer to:
Union Station (Utica, New York)
Utica station (Buffalo Metro Rail) |
Gediminas Bagdonas (born 26 December 1985) is a Lithuanian former professional road racing cyclist, who competed professionally between 2007 and 2019 for the Klaipeda–Splendid, Ulan, Team Piemonte, and teams. He was named in the start list for the 2015 Vuelta a España. Following his retirement, Bagdonas now works as a directeur sportif for UCI Continental team .
Since 2023 Bagdonas is one of the coaches of Lithuanian national track team.
Major results
Source:
2003
3rd Team pursuit, UEC European Junior Track Championships
2004
3rd Time trial, National Road Championships
2005
3rd Team pursuit, UEC European Under-23 Track Championships
3rd Overall Olympia's Tour
1st Young rider classification
7th La Côte Picarde
2006
UEC European Under-23 Track Championships
2nd Individual pursuit
3rd Team pursuit
2nd Time trial, National Road Championships
2007
1st Time trial, National Road Championships
1st Overall Triptyque des Barrages
1st Mountains classification
1st Stage 2 (ITT)
5th E.O.S. Tallinn GP
7th Overall Okolo Slovenska
7th Beverbeek Classic
7th Schaal Sels
2008
5th Overall Dookoła Mazowsza
6th Tartu GP
8th Overall Five Rings of Moscow
2009
1st Memorial Van Coningsloo
2nd Road race, National Road Championships
3rd Individual pursuit, 2009–10 UCI Track Cycling World Cup Classics, Cali
8th Grand Prix Criquielion
2010
4th Tartu GP
2011
National Road Championships
1st Time trial
2nd Road race
1st Overall An Post Rás
1st Stages 2 & 4
1st Overall Ronde de l'Oise
1st Stage 2
1st Stage 7 Tour of Britain
7th Overall Baltic Chain Tour
1st Prologue & Stage 1
2012
National Road Championships
1st Road race
3rd Time trial
1st Overall Baltic Chain Tour
1st Stages 2, 4 & 5
1st Ronde van Noord-Holland
1st Memorial Van Coningsloo
2nd Rund um Köln
2nd Omloop der Kempen
3rd Omnium, UEC European Track Championships
3rd Omloop van het Waasland
5th Zellik–Galmaarden
7th Handzame Classic
8th Overall Driedaagse van West-Vlaanderen
9th Overall An Post Rás
1st Points classification
1st Stages 3 & 8
2013
2nd Time trial, National Road Championships
2014
1st Sprints classification Four Days of Dunkirk
3rd Time trial, National Road Championships
8th Cholet-Pays de Loire
2015
2nd Time trial, National Road Championships
6th Paris–Bourges
10th Grand Prix de la Somme
2016
6th Grand Prix de la Somme
2017
National Road Championships
2nd Time trial
2nd Road race
8th Overall Tour du Poitou-Charentes
2018
National Road Championships
1st Road race
1st Time trial
5th Overall Boucles de la Mayenne
5th Le Samyn
6th Overall Tour Poitou-Charentes en Nouvelle-Aquitaine
2019
1st Time trial, National Road Championships
5th Time trial, European Games
2020
National Road Championships
1st Road race
2nd Time trial
Grand Tour general classification results timeline
References
External links
1985 births
Living people
People from Kėdainiai District Municipality
Lithuanian male cyclists
Cyclists at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Olympic cyclists for Lithuania
Sportspeople from Kėdainiai
Rás Tailteann winners
European Games competitors for Lithuania
Cyclists at the 2019 European Games
Lithuanian cycling coaches |
Dicoria canescens is a North American flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by several common names including desert twinbugs and bugseed. This is a desert plant of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, found in Sonora, Baja California, southern California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, southwestern Colorado, and northwestern New Mexico.
Dicoria canescens forms thickets of many individuals in the desert sand. The distinctive lower leaves are long, pointed, sharply toothed, and covered in a coat of thin white or gray hairs. The upper leaves are smaller and more rounded. One plant can produce several whitish flower heads containing disc florets but no ray florets. Sometimes the heads form closely associated pairs, a characteristic which is the origin of the common name "twinbugs".
References
External links
Calflora Database: Dicoria canescens (Desert dicoria, Desert twinbugs)
Jepson Manual eFlora (TJM2) treatment of Dicoria canescens
USDA Plants Profile for Dicoria canescens (desert twinbugs)
UC CalPhotos gallery
Heliantheae
Flora of the Southwestern United States
Flora of Baja California
Flora of the California desert regions
Flora of New Mexico
Flora of Sonora
Flora of the Sonoran Deserts
Natural history of the Colorado Desert
Natural history of the Mojave Desert
Plants described in 1859
Flora without expected TNC conservation status |
The State Deputation was the unicameral legislature of the Principality of Hohenzollern-Hechingen. It existed from 1798 until the two Hohenzollern principalities were absorbed into Prussia as the Province of Hohenzollern in 1850.
History
Formed in 1798 as the Tax Deputation (Steuerdeputation), the State Deputation of Hohenzollern-Hechingen initially exercised little control over the state of affairs in the principality. Constitutions were drafted in Hohenzollern-Hechingen and Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen in 1831 as a result of Article XIII of the 1815 Constitution of the German Confederation, which obligated member states to institute constitutions. In February 1835 new electoral regulations were adopted in the principality. These regulations formally changed the name of the Tax Deputation to the State Deputation and its powers were expanded significantly. The legislature consisted of 12 indirectly elected deputies (two of whom represented the city of Hechingen) representing eleven constituencies and met every three years. Following the 1835 elections, the number of constituencies was reduced to six, with two deputies representing each constituency.
References
Historical legislatures in Germany |
```c
/*your_sha256_hash------------
* Description: Nb Demo Implementation
* Author: Huawei LiteOS Team
* Create: 2013-01-01
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
* are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of
* conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list
* of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials
* provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its contributors may be used
* to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written
* permission.
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
* "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
* OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
* WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
* OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
* ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
* your_sha256_hash----------- */
#include <stdio.h>
#include "nb_iot/los_nb_api.h"
#define TELECON_IP "119.3.250.80"
#define OCEAN_IP "139.159.140.34"
#define SECURITY_PORT "5684"
#define NON_SECURITY_PORT "5683"
#define DEV_PSKID "868744031131026"
#define DEV_PSK "d1e1be0c05ac5b8c78ce196412f0cdb0"
void demo_nbiot_only(void)
{
#if defined(LOSCFG_COMPONENTS_NET_AT_BC95) && defined(LOSCFG_DEMOS_NBIOT_WITHOUT_ATINY)
#if LOSCFG_DEMOS_NBIOT_DTLS
sec_param_s sec;
sec.setpsk = 1;
sec.pskid = DEV_PSKID;
sec.psk = DEV_PSK;
#endif
printf("\r\n=====================================================");
printf("\r\nSTEP1: Init NB Module( NB Init )");
printf("\r\n=====================================================\r\n");
#if LOSCFG_DEMOS_NBIOT_DTLS
los_nb_init((const int8_t *)TELECON_IP, (const int8_t *)SECURITY_PORT, &sec);
#else
los_nb_init((const int8_t *)TELECON_IP, (const int8_t *)NON_SECURITY_PORT, NULL);
#endif
#if defined(WITH_SOTA)
extern void nb_sota_demo(void);
nb_sota_demo();
#endif
printf("\r\n=====================================================");
printf("\r\nSTEP2: Register Command( NB Notify )");
printf("\r\n=====================================================\r\n");
printf("\r\n=====================================================");
printf("\r\nSTEP3: Report Data to Server( NB Report )");
printf("\r\n=====================================================\r\n");
while (1) {
los_nb_report("22", 2); // "22" is a random string, 2 is the string length
LOS_TaskDelay(60000);
}
#else
printf("Please checkout if open LOSCFG_COMPONNETS_NET_AT and select LOSCFG_COMPONENTS_NET_AT_BC95\n");
#endif
}
``` |
Valverde de la Vera is a municipality located in the province of Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain. According to the 2005 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 618 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Cáceres |
Bertha "Betsy" Bakker-Nort (8 May 187423 May 1946) was a Dutch lawyer and politician who served as a member of the House of Representatives for the Free-thinking Democratic League (VDB) from 1922 to 1942.
Born in Groningen, she became involved with the feminist movement in 1894, joining the Dutch Association for Women's Suffrage (VVVK), where she was mentored by Aletta Jacobs, one of the pioneering activists of the 19th century.
At age 34, Bakker-Nort started studying law at the University of Groningen after realising that fighting for women's rights required a thorough understanding of the law. In the 1922 general election, the first in which women were allowed to vote, she was elected to parliament and became the VDB's first female representative. She was re-elected four times and, during her time in the chamber, mainly argued the case for more women's rights concerning marriage and labour law. She was also active internationally, taking a leading role in preparing the International Woman Suffrage Alliance's actions for the 1930 League of Nations conference on international law. In 1933, she acted as a judge in a counter-trial in London of the arson case of the Reichstag fire.
After the German invasion of the Netherlands in May 1940, Bakker-Nort did not return to parliament. From December 1942, she was interned at Westerbork transit camp and Camp Barneveld before the Germans moved her in September 1944 to the Theresienstadt concentration camp in Bohemia. She was liberated in June 1945. She died the following year. According to VDB chairman Pieter Oud, Bakker-Nort had accomplished the task Jacobs had given her: leading the women's movement.
Early life
Bertha "Betsy" Nort was born on 8 May 1874 in Groningen, Netherlands, the youngest of four daughters of a non-religious Jewish couple, Joseph Nort and Wilhelmina van der Wijk. Her father, a merchant, died when she was very young. She grew up mostly around women, including two maids. She later said that, as a young girl, it struck her as unfair that her independent mother was not allowed to vote in local council elections, "yet each man was, no matter how dumb". After finishing secondary school, she travelled to Sweden to study Scandinavian languages. She translated around 40 Danish, Norwegian and Swedish works, including feminist novels and children's books, into Dutch. She observed that in Scandinavia, a woman's position in society was much better than in the Netherlands.
Activism
After returning to the Netherlands in 1894, Nort became actively involved in the first wave of Dutch feminism. She joined the Dutch Association for Women's Suffrage (VVVK), and helped start its local Groningen chapter. Together with Aletta Jacobs, she went door to door to recruit new members. Jacobs, a fellow Groninger who was 20 years Nort's senior, was the first female student at a Dutch university and was one of the founders of the VVVK. She became Nort's mentor. In his 2007 history of the Free-thinking Democratic League (VDB), Meine Henk Klijnsma wrote that Jacobs likely recruited Nort for the VDB. They went from town to town to advocate for women's rights in speeches. In 1899 Nort started writing about women's issues, drawing upon her Scandinavian experience; her early work was published as columns in the feminist magazine Belang en Recht ("The Importance of the Law"). The historian Marianne Braun wrote that this early work showed her calm and determined approach and social-liberal orientation. In 1904, she married Gerrid Bakker, who was a grain merchant, translator, and fellow member of the VVVK, and changed her name to Bakker-Nort. They had no children.
In 1908, at age 34, Bakker-Nort started studying law at the University of Groningen after realising that the fight for women's rights required comprehensive legal knowledge. She said that the husband's marital power was solely based on his ability to vote and elect policymakers. She was the 14th woman to enrol at the University of Groningen. Bakker-Nort finished her degree in 1912. Two years later, she earned a doctorate from the University of Utrecht for her thesis on the legal position of married women across Western Europe. Bakker-Nort was the first woman to earn a doctorate in law at a Dutch university based on a fully-fledged research study. From her comparative study, she concluded that the position of Dutch married women was most unfavourable, not because the laws were that different, but because the Dutch courts interpreted them in a stricter way. Unable to restrict herself to comparisons, she added a reasoned plea for abolishing the part of the marital law that declared married women "incompetent to act". As described in the 1838 civil code, the status of married women was legally similar to that of minors and people with severe mental health problems. This meant that married women could not open a bank account, apply for a mortgage or insurance, or sign a labour agreement without their husbands' permission. Similar laws existed in other countries. After completing her thesis Bakker-Nort started to work as a lawyer and attorney, first in Groningen and, from 1930 onwards, in the Hague. She acted as the main legal expert for the VVVK.
Bakker-Nort considered getting women the right to vote to be a principal means to achieve the overhaul of marriage law, a standard view among first wave feminists. She said that getting the vote was essential to make progress on women's issues and that it was a fundamental right for women to have a say in all matters. In 1917 Dutch women obtained the right to stand in elections (passive suffrage), though they could not vote (active suffrage). Bakker-Nort continued to campaign with the VVVK for active suffrage. The women's suffrage campaign was won in 1919, when the women's right to vote became law, instigated by the VDB's Henri Marchant. Once the VVVK had achieved its goal, it changed its name to Association of Women Citizens (VVS) and widened its scope to gain more rights for women. Bakker-Nort co-authored a report for the VVS outlining provisions she thought should be included in a modern marriage law and wrote in a column in its monthly magazine that the old laws, which made married women legally incapacitated, denied them any say over their children and property and thus needed to be reformed. She singled out women's legal status of "incompetent to act", calling it humiliating. She joined the (VVAO), a more conservative group than the VVVK which did not always appreciate her progressive ideas and, for example, did not include her in their legal committee, despite her expertise.
Political career
1918–1924
By 1918, Bakker-Nort was one of two female board members of the VDB, Mien van Itallie-Van Embden being the other. In the 1918 general elections, the VDB reserved two spots for women on their candidate list and assigned them to Bakker-Nort and her mentor Jacobs. Both Bakker-Nort and Jacobs failed to be elected. However, Suze Groeneweg of the Social Democratic Workers' Party did succeed and became the first female member of the House of Representatives.
For the 1922 election, the first one in which women could vote, the VDB decided that a woman should be assigned the second position on its list of candidates, behind Marchant, whose bill had given women the vote. Due to serious illness, Jacobs could not take the position. Instead, it was given to Bakker-Nort, whom Jacobs saw as her successor. The party's election campaign focussed on legal reform, including the abolition of the Senate, the introduction of referendums, and the strengthening of the legal position of women. The VDB retained its five seats, and Bakker-Nort was elected member of the House of Representatives in July 1922 as the party's first female representative. She was one of seven women elected altogether out of 100 members. In her maiden speech, she introduced parliament to her views of the "scandalous" marriage law.
In her first year, Bakker-Nort introduced a bill for a so-called "sister-pension", to entitle sisters who had lived with and looked after widowed brothers to the right to their pension once they died. The bill passed in the House but failed in the Senate. Also, in her first year, she tried to amend the Ruijs de Beerenbrouck government's proposed legislation to make minor changes to the marriage law, proposing more comprehensive reform with equal rights for women. However, the three Christian parties of the coalition government rejected her amendment. Within the VDB, she was a role model for younger female party members Corry Tendeloo and Nancy Zeelenberg.
1925–1928
In the run-up to the 1925 election, Bakker-Nort argued the case in parliament against a government bill to allow councils to fire female teachers at state schools once they married, but with the majority of the House being members of Christian parties and opposing this, her arguments to stop the bill failed. Moreover, she considered it morally unacceptable that the state forced women into economic dependency on their husbands, adding that the husband and wife themselves should decide, not the state. Nevertheless, Bakker-Nort was re-elected, and the VDB went from holding five to seven parliamentary seats.
Soon after the First De Geer cabinet was formed, Bakker-Nort planned a new bill to reform marriage law. To that end, she created a broader platform and organised a cross-party committee consisting of members of the Liberal State Party, the Democratic Party, and the VDB. She appointed a male, Samuel van Houten, an 89-year-old veteran of Dutch politics, as the committee's president. Throughout 1927, members of the local chapters of the parties involved made and discussed proposals. However, in 1928, Bakker-Nort again made a plea in parliament to end the legal incompetency of married women, but it was rejected by the Christian majority.
1929–1933
In the 1929 election, Bakker-Nort kept her seat and was joined by van Itallie-Van Embden as the second female member of the VDB. At the end of the 1920s, Bakker-Nort was moderately optimistic about the future of women's rights in the Netherlands. While she expressed dismay at the fact that women still were banned from taking up public offices such as judge, notary, or mayor, she observed that women within the Catholic organisations were slowly taking up more feminist viewpoints, and she welcomed the first female member of parliament for any Christian party, Frida Katz. However, her optimism soon disappeared when the Great Depression led to fast-rising unemployment, and married women were fired to make way for male job-seekers. Nevertheless, she said that for the VDB, the economic downturn did not alter the principle of the individual’s right of self-determination, of equal pay for equal work, and of equal rights generally.
Bakker-Nort took a leading role in preparing the International Woman Suffrage Alliance's actions for the 1930 League of Nations conference on international law. Women from 35 countries were present at the conference at the Peace Palace in the Hague, though they were not formally invited. The Alliance's main focus was nationality law, as, despite decades-long protests against laws that made married women automatically lose their nationality and take on their husbands, in many countries, little progress had been made towards achieving equality.
The women staged protest marches, carrying their national flags and wearing dresses ranging from white (equality) to black (absolutely unequal). The different dress shades symbolically reflected the gap between the nationality law demanded by the Alliance and the law of the land they represented. Bakker-Nort said the black dresses of the Dutch women amidst colourful ones of other nations created a "rather painful situation" for the hosts and showed how far behind the Netherlands was, as its laws were "still based on the obsolete principle of subjection of women to men". The activists were able to get meetings with the League of Nations delegates but eventually antagonised the conference president so much that he ordered the police to remove the women from the Peace Palace. The Hague Convention resulted in little progress, only preventing women from becoming stateless. Bakker-Nort continued to fight for the right of a married woman to choose to keep her nationality.
During parliamentary debates on retracting the ban on women being appointed mayor, Bakker-Nort ridiculed those who said women lacked physical power by suggesting that, if required, the minister should organise boxing or wrestling matches to appoint suitable candidates. She also pointed out how female mayors performed flawlessly in neighboring countries. Following a vote, the ban was lifted. In 1931, she introduced a bill to remove restrictions on women being appointed notaries, a cause she had been arguing for as early as 1917 but was voted down.
In 1933 Bakker-Nort accepted an invitation from German communist leader Willi Münzenberg to travel to London and join an international commission of foreign legal experts participating in a counter-trial of the arson case of the Reichstag fire. Five men, all communists, were about to go on trial in Leipzig, but it was feared the Nazis would not give them a fair trial. So, for one week, Bakker-Nort and the other acting judges went through the evidence and concluded that the defendants were innocent and the Nazis were behind the fire.
When the Leipzig judge invited committee members to the proceedings in Germany, Bakker-Nort declined. She denied allegations of bias by critics of the counter-trial and explained that she had taken part because the defendants lacked legal support in Germany, as many lawyers who had defended communists had been imprisoned in Nazi concentration camps, deterring others. After the Leipzig trial found one of the defendants, the Dutchman Marinus van der Lubbe, guilty, and the Nazis executed him, Bakker-Nort lamented the unfair trial, particularly the unlawfulness of applying the death penalty based on a law adopted only after the Reichstag fire. She urged the Dutch people to value the freedom and justice that democracy provided and to fight all who aimed to curtail them.
1934–1936
As the economic crisis continued, the government intervened in the labour market. Where city councils previously had been allowed to fire female teachers who married, they were now required to do so. This erosion of women's rights was particularly painful for Bakker-Nort because it happened during the Second Colijn cabinet, of which the VDB was one of the coalition parties. She had tried to make the firing of married teachers temporary, but her amendment failed. According to Klijnsma, the VDB had made a mistake in not negotiating the protection of women's rights during the formation of the coalition.
At a parliamentary budget review in 1935, Bakker-Nort condemned Germany's new marriage law, called the German Blood Protection Law, which banned Aryans, a now-obsolete historical race concept describing people of Proto-Indo-European heritage as a racial grouping, from marrying Jews. Both the Netherlands and Germany had signed the 1902 Hague Marriage Convention, which laid out the rules for recognising the validity of international marriages. The new German law caused the Dutch parliament to debate how to apply the rules of the convention to marriages involving German nationals. Bakker-Nort argued that because it was impossible to determine who was Jewish and who was Aryan, the rules of the treaty did not apply, and the Dutch would not have to revoke the convention's agreement. However, she asked Minister Josef van Schaik to revoke it anyway as a sign of protest. Van Schaik agreed with her that the German law would not apply to Dutch Jews but decided not to revoke the agreement.
1937–1940
In 1937 Bakker-Nort wrote a piece about fascism in the election issue of the VDB's monthly magazine entitled "Democracy or Dictatorship", in which she attacked the fascist party the National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands (NSB) in an unusually sarcastic way. For the 1937 election, the NSB used the image of its leader Anton Mussert and the slogan, "Without this man, the Netherlands does not have a future." Bakker-Nort argued it should say, "With this man, the Netherlands does not have a future, especially the women." The NSB won four seats in parliament, fewer than expected; the VDB retained its six seats and did not return to the new coalition government, the Fourth Colijn cabinet. The election results did not disappoint Bakker-Nort; she said voters had not punished the VDB and had understood why the party had to allow some women's rights to erode. In early 1938 Minister Carl Romme prepared a bill to ban paid work for married women altogether. This rejuvenated the feminists inside the VDB, both in parliament and in the local chapters. They were spurred on by the activities of the VVGS, whose youth committee's president Tendeloo and other feminists such as Willemijn Posthumus-van der Goot organised protests across the country. Bakker-Nort said Romme pretended to base his exclusion of married women from the workforce on principle grounds that the husband was the breadwinner and the wife had to look after the family, but illogically did not apply this principle when companies needed the women. The feminists' efforts did not go unrewarded: Romme never introduced his bill. In a later debate on labour issues, Bakker-Nort asked the government to address the widespread sexual harassment to which female factory workers were subjected. In 1939 her husband Gerrid died.
The late 1930s saw a rise in antisemitism in the Netherlands. The VDB attacked the NSB for condoning the Nazis' aggression toward German Jews during and following the Kristallnacht. They did, however, argue against the formal banning of the NSB, admitting that in a true democracy, even despicable voices should be allowed to be heard. Bakker-Nort said in 1938, "We can not allow democracy to be murdered by its adversaries." When in early 1940, fear of a German invasion increased, parliament debated a possible new law for treason. According to her, Bakker-Nort argued against the death penalty; traitors should be deported. In May 1940, just days before the German invasion of the Netherlands, Bakker-Nort announced she would not stand again in the 1941 election, leaving it to the next generation. Party members suggested Tendeloo would be a good candidate. Her last day in parliament was 9 May 1940, when she debated the bill for the punishment of treason and espionage. The next day Germany invaded the Netherlands. Within a week, the Dutch were defeated, and the German occupation began. The House and Senate no longer sat, and the occupiers dissolved parliament officially on 25 June 1940. Bakker-Nort had spent eighteen years in the House, addressing parliament mainly on the issues of justice, education, and labour, and for the majority of her stay, was on the Standing Committee for Private and Criminal Law.
Imprisonment
As the German occupiers started to arrest and deport some Jewish Dutch citizens in the summer of 1940, Bakker-Nort must have felt threatened, according to Klijnsma. She had never belonged to a Jewish denomination and had renounced her Jewishness, but she did value Jewish traditions. In 1942, she was one of the few members of parliament who accepted an offer to resign and take their pension. However, this did not prevent her from being arrested by the Germans and imprisoned in the Westerbork transit camp in the northeast of the Netherlands in December 1942.
Following an intervention, possibly by VDB leader Dolf Joekes, Bakker-Nort was made part of Plan Frederiks and moved to Camp Barneveld in February 1943; Plan Frederiks was an agreement civil servant Karel Frederiks had made with the occupiers to keep a small group of Dutch Jews in the Netherlands and exclude them from deportation to the concentration camps. However, in April 1944, the Germans moved all Jews from Barneveld back to Westerbork and then in September 1944 onwards to the Theresienstadt concentration camp in Bohemia in what is now the Czech Republic. After the defeat of the Germans, Bakker-Nort was found alive at the camp in June 1945 by a Dutch repatriation mission, together with 400 other Dutch survivors. She moved to Utrecht and did not return to parliament. Her seat for the VDB was taken by Tendeloo.
Death and legacy
Bakker-Nort died in Utrecht on 23 May 1946, aged 72. While the national newspaper Algemeen Handelsblad published only a short notice of her death, Tendeloo and former VDB chairman Pieter Oud wrote obituaries. According to Oud, Bakker-Nort had successfully accomplished the task Jacobs had given her: of leading the women's movement. He praised her drive to get women the vote, without the militant aspects of the English suffragettes, and her tireless efforts to reform marital law and labour laws. He urged the country's young women to realise how much they owed to the pioneers of the women's movement, of whom Bakker-Nort was one of the most prominent. In his 1968 memoirs, Oud wrote that her dedication to public office was equal to none and that although he did not consider her oratory skills the best, she quickly became a competent parliamentarian through her high work rate. Her successor Tendeloo was instrumental in ending married women's incompetency to act.
Braun wrote in 2013 that in the 21st century, Bakker-Nort is seen as a transition figure who was part of the first wave of feminism in the Netherlands that got women the vote but continued the fight for more rights. Once women's suffrage was achieved, the strength of activism had significantly reduced: member numbers for groups such as the VVS dwindled. The newly acquired right to study at university quickly became standard, and the fight was almost forgotten. Despite the political climate in the 1920s and 1930s being dominated by Christian parties that aimed to reduce women's rights based on their interpretation of the Bible, Bakker-Nort's efforts, in and outside parliament, were relentless.
In 2003, many lost papers, notes, photos, pamphlets, and lectures that Bakker-Nort had kept resurfaced. At some point in the 1930s, she donated her documents to the International Archives for the Women's Movement in Amsterdam. The archives also housed personal documents of, among others, Jacobs and Rosa Manus and documents of women's organizations and journal issues. In July 1940, the Germans transported the entire archives to Germany. After the Soviet Red Army took Berlin in 1945, they moved all these stolen materials to Moscow. In 1992, the feminists' materials were identified in the Russian Military State Archives and recorded on microfilm, and ten years later returned to the International Archives of the Women's Movement. A lack of archives or access to them impacts how history is presented and whether women's stories can be uncovered. For example, the retrieval of the IAV records led to new biographies of Jacobs and Manus.
Publications
Notes
References
Sources
1874 births
1946 deaths
20th-century Dutch lawyers
20th-century Dutch women
20th-century women lawyers
Dutch feminists
Dutch people of Jewish descent
Dutch women lawyers
Free-thinking Democratic League politicians
Members of the House of Representatives (Netherlands)
Politicians from Groningen (city)
Theresienstadt Ghetto survivors
Westerbork transit camp survivors |
The jeonbok is a type of sleeveless long vest in hanbok, traditional Korean clothing, which was worn by military personnel.
The unlined jeonbok, which was influenced by a Chinese coat, was worn as the uniform of the military personnel until the end of the Joseon dynasty when King Gojong proclaimed the 1883's "Attire Regulation Reform". It became everyday clothing for the military and civil officers after 1883.
Design
The back of the jeonbok is open from the high waist to the ankle-length hem and has open slits at both sides at the bottom for ease of movement.
It does not have overlapped columns on the front side and was worn over dongdari (동다리).
Gallery
See also
Jeogori
Po
Hanbok
References
Korean clothing |
{{Automatic taxobox
| taxon = Pseudexomilus
| image = Pseudexomilus fenestratus 001.jpg
| image_caption = Pseudexomilus fenestratus
| authority = A.W.B. Powell, 1944
| synonyms_ref =
| synonyms=
| type_species= † Pseudexomilus caelatus Powell, 1944
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = See text
| display_parents = 3
}}Pseudexomilus is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Horaiclavidae.
Species
Species within the genus Pseudexomilus include:
Pseudexomilus bicarinatus Shuto, 1983
† Pseudexomilus caelatus Powell, 1944
Pseudexomilus costicapitata (Verco, 1909)
Pseudexomilus fenestratus Kilburn, 1988
Pseudexomilus fuscoapicatus Morassi, 1997
References
Powell, A.W.B. 1944. The Australian Tertiary mollusca of the family Turridae. Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum 3(1): 1-68
Shuto, T. 1983. New turrid taxa from the Australian waters. Memoirs of the Faculty of Sciences of Kyushu University, Series D, Geology 25: 1-26
Taylor, J.D., Kantor, Y.I. & Sysoev, A.V. 1993. Foregut anatomy, feeding mechanisms, relationships and classification of the Conoidea (=Toxoglossa) (Gastropoda)''. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology 59: 125-170
External links
Tucker, J.K. 2004 Catalog of recent and fossil turrids (Mollusca: Gastropoda). Zootaxa 682:1-1295.
Horaiclavidae |
Five Iron Frenzy is an American band which formed in Denver, Colorado, in 1995. Best known for playing ska punk music characterized by an offbeat sense of humor and prominent Christian themes, Five Iron Frenzy was one of the pioneering figures of the Christian ska movement which emerged with ska's mainstream revival in the 1990s. Since 2000, the band's music has shifted away from straight ska to include and embrace stronger alternative rock and pop punk influences, though it continues to create ska music and feature Christian overtones despite several members' changes in religious beliefs.
Five Iron Frenzy experienced their greatest commercial success during the late 1990s as part of the American ska revival, touring prolifically within both Christian and secular markets, where the band gained a cult following for their energetic live shows typified by humorous stage antics which often drew attention to various social causes and charities. By the early 2000s, Five Iron Frenzy had independently sold a total of almost one million albums, though a number of factors eventually contributed to their break-up in 2003. After an eight-year hiatus, the band reunited in 2011 to resume intermittent touring, launching a coincident Kickstarter campaign to finance a new album which raised a then record-breaking $207,980. The resultant album, Engine of a Million Plots, was released in November 2013.
Five Iron Frenzy is often noted for the broad tonal range of their lyricism, covering subject matter both spiritual and secular in manners both serious and satirical. Many of the band's songs are firmly rooted in Social Gospel convictions, often exploring themes of Christian hypocrisy and fundamentalism, manifest destiny and the injustices done to Native Americans, and faith-based criticisms of capitalism, consumerism, nationalism, xenophobia, racism, homophobia and even the Christian music industry, as well as more traditional and uplifting songs of praise and worship. The band is also known for their comic songs which rely on droll self-deprecating and self-referential humor, absurdist non-sequiturs and frequent references to pop culture and geek culture.
History
Formation and early years (1993–1996)
The origins of Five Iron Frenzy were with the band Exhumator, a Denver-based Christian industrial thrash metal project which featured future Five Iron Frenzy vocalist Reese Roper, guitarists Micah Ortega and Scott Kerr, bassist Keith Hoerig and drummer Andrew Verdecchio. As punk rock and ska had begun making a popular resurgence in alternative music in the early 1990s, the members of Exhumator soon began shifting their attention away from metal, and, largely influenced by bands such as Skankin' Pickle and NOFX, formed Five Iron Frenzy as a ska/pop punk side project in early 1995. The name "Five Iron Frenzy" was a band in-joke, conceived during an occasion when the members' "paranoid" roommate brandished a golf club in self-defense out of an unfounded fear of being mugged.
Five Iron Frenzy's first show, hosted at a church coffeehouse in April 1995, was as an opening act for Exhumator. According to Reese Roper's recollection of the event, the audience responded to Five Iron Frenzy's music better than they had ever responded to Exhumator's, and realizing that everyone had more fun playing ska punk than metal, made the decision to dissolve Exhumator in favor of Five Iron Frenzy that very night. Over their next few shows, the band gradually recruited a horn section consisting of trumpeter Nathaniel "Brad" Dunham, trombonist Dennis Culp and Micah Ortega's cousin, saxophonist Leanor Ortega.
Almost instantly, Five Iron Frenzy became a prominent presence in the Denver music scene. The band opened for Tooth & Nail Records artists MxPx for their third show and played over sixty shows during their first eight months, soon becoming a staple of every major ska show in the Denver area, opening for such nationally successful touring bands as The Mighty Mighty Bosstones and Less Than Jake. Although Five Iron Frenzy's initial intent was to stay local and help develop their own scene, in June 1995, the band traveled to the Cornerstone Festival in Bushnell, Illinois, to play an impromptu set before several prominent Christian alternative bands and record labels, including Ghoti Hook, Crashdog and Alex Parker of Flying Tart Records. The band has since partially attributed their early success to this stunt, as they would return to Cornerstone the following year sponsored by a record label.
As their local popularity grew, Five Iron Frenzy solidified a "mission statement" that they would play half regular venues and half Christian venues to reach both secular and Christian audiences. By the summer of 1996, the band had released their first recorded material — a 7" single entitled Its Funny, But Not Very Creative, which featured two original songs and a tongue-in-cheek punk rock cover of Amy Grants 1985 hit "Everywhere I Go" — and were entertaining offers from several major Christian record labels including Tooth & Nail, Alarma and Brainstorm Artists International before ultimately signing with 5 Minute Walk Records. In September, Five Iron Frenzy recorded their first studio album Upbeats and Beatdowns, which was released later that November.
Upbeats and Beatdowns, national recognition and Our Newest Album Ever! (1997–1999)
In April 1997, Upbeats and Beatdowns was given a national re-release on 5 Minute Walk's newly founded sub-label SaraBellum Records, which was in distribution partnership with the Warner Music Group. Released during the peak of ska punk's mainstream reign, Upbeats and Beatdowns proved to be a modest but significant success for the band, selling over 50,000 units in 1997 and peaking at number 39 on Billboards Top Contemporary Christian chart, while a music video for the single "A Flowery Song" earned a Dove Award nomination for Short Form Music Video of the Year. Five Iron Frenzy retrospectively described their initial success as completely unexpected, though the band ultimately credited their sudden surge of independent fame less to the quality of their music and more to the effect of ska punk's mainstream popularity and the "niche market" of Christian music. In a 1997 interview, primary composer Scott Kerr lamented "[t]he unfortunate reality is that good songs and good live performances have far less to do with our so-called success than our being a part of the 'flavor-of-the-month'."
Following the success of Upbeats and Beatdowns, the members of Five Iron Frenzy were able to quit their day jobs and devote themselves to the band full-time. The group spent the remainder of 1997 touring nationally, playing over 150 shows across the country. Many of these shows and tours were held in promotion of various social causes and charities; during the band's "Rock Your Socks Off Tour" in October 1997, fans were asked to bring clean socks for donation. Many of these charitable endeavors were supported or organized by 5 Minute Walk. In a 2012 interview, Reese Roper praised the label for "[putting] their money where their mouth was. For being underground and for what they were, they really did want to help people". This would ultimately influence the band's decision to remain independent under 5 Minute Walk, despite having the opportunities to sign with larger labels.
Five Iron Frenzy's second album, Our Newest Album Ever!, was released in November 1997 and experienced a similarly modest commercial success like that of Upbeats and Beatdowns, debuting at number 8 on Billboards Top Heatseekers and peaking at number 176 on the Billboard 200. In wake of the album's release, Five Iron Frenzy participated in two high-profile national tours. In Spring 1998, the band performed on the Ska Against Racism tour, a ska punk tour orchestrated by Mike Park of Asian Man Records, which raised money for anti-racism organizations. As the only openly Christian band on the tour, Ska Against Racism helped further strengthen Five Iron Frenzy's reputation among secular audiences: Reese Roper recalled the band making many new fans from attendees who were initially worried the band would attempt to "shove religion down their throats", as well as forming lasting friendships with most of the secular bands on the roster. Following the end of Ska Against Racism, Five Iron Frenzy quickly wrote and recorded a new album in preparation for their next national tour, resulting in the 40-minute 17-track "EP" Quantity Is Job 1, which was reportedly written in only two weeks.
In late 1998, Five Iron Frenzy took part in SkaMania, a national tour which paired them with the other two most commercially successful bands in the Christian ska market, The O.C. Supertones and The Insyderz. The tour was a resounding success within the Christian alternative scene, drawing around 3,000 attendees a night and helping boost sales of Quantity Is Job 1 into the top fifteen of both Billboards Contemporary Christian chart and Top Heatseekers. At this time, Scott Kerr announced his decision to depart Five Iron Frenzy following the end of the SkaMania tour. Kerr cited several reasons for choosing to leave the band, including wanting to spend more time with his wife and desiring to explore other musical projects away from ska and punk, though would later explain that his primary reason was having gradually lost his faith in Christianity. Upon leaving Five Iron Frenzy, Kerr would form the Denver-based power pop band Yellow Second, in which he served as lead singer, songwriter and guitarist. Sonnie Johnson, former guitarist for California ska punk band Jeffries Fan Club, replaced Kerr in Five Iron Frenzy's line-up.
Five Iron Frenzy released their first live album, Proof That the Youth Are Revolting, in November 1999, containing recordings of several live shows across 1998 and 1999, including the 1999 Cornerstone Festival. During the recording of these shows, Five Iron Frenzy offered forms at their merchandise booth where fans could provide their names and therefore be credited as "backup singers" for the album. Over 7,000 names were eventually printed in the CD's liner notes. Proof That the Youth Are Revolting cracked the top ten of both Billboards Top Heatseekers and Contemporary Christian charts, peaking at number 190 on the Billboard 200.
All the Hype That Money Can Buy and Five Iron Frenzy 2: Electric Boogaloo (2000–2001)
In April 2000, Five Iron Frenzy released their third album All the Hype That Money Can Buy. By this time, public and media interest in ska music had waned significantly, and, motivated by the desire to not "put out the same record twice", All the Hype That Money Can Buy found Five Iron Frenzy diversifying their sound far beyond ska, incorporating stronger rock and punk influences as well as elements of Latin music, salsa, calypso and reggae. The album included the song "A New Hope", which was written about the 1999 Columbine High School massacre in Columbine, Colorado, where guitarist Micah Ortega's sister was a student at the time of the shooting. Although the mainstream decline of ska music worked against the album in promotion and airplay, All the Hype That Money Can Buy became Five Iron Frenzy's then highest-charting release, reaching number 6 on the Contemporary Christian charts and number 146 on the Billboard 200.
Five Iron Frenzy toured internationally throughout the turn of the century, expanding their touring reach across both the European and Oceanic continents. In June 2000, Five Iron Frenzy played five shows in South Africa, one of which was a free concert held in an auditorium in the township of Phuthaditjhaba, where the group spent the majority of the day playing with children from the local orphanage. The members of Five Iron Frenzy noted that nobody in the township had heard of their band and many had never seen an American or even heard rock music before. In a 2010 interview, Reese Roper stated that everybody cared less about the music "as they just did that we were there". He elaborated on the personal impact of this show, noting that "all of the trappings, all of the barriers I had experienced from being in a band and trying to share the love of Jesus Christ had disappeared", describing it as "the best day that I ever remember being in Five Iron Frenzy".
By 2001, Five Iron Frenzy were playing upwards of 250 shows a year. Several members, some of whom had just recently married, began to feel burnt out by the band's full-time touring commitments. This burnout was exacerbated by several personal tragedies, including the deaths of Leanor Ortega's brother in October 2000 and Andrew Verdecchio's father in August 2001, over which both Ortega and Verdecchio spent time questioning their religious faith. Nevertheless, Five Iron Frenzy was scheduled to headline the 49-date "Electric Youth Tour" in late 2001, supported by Christian artists Relient K, John Reuben and Ace Troubleshooter. Three days before the tour was set to begin in Fishkill, New York, the September 11 terrorist attacks were carried out in nearby Manhattan. Although the band initially questioned whether it was appropriate to tour in wake of the events, they chose to proceed with the tour as planned, a decision which was warmly received by audiences, whose numbers averaged around 1,200 a night. As on previous tours, Five Iron Frenzy again asked fans to bring clean socks for donation to local shelters, though on this occasion also used said socks for audience participation games involving sock puppets, as the band felt a need to bring people together under light-hearted circumstances.
Five Iron Frenzy's fourth album, Five Iron Frenzy 2: Electric Boogaloo, was released in November 2001 and marked a drastic stylistic shift from the band's previous albums. Though the group retained their prominent horn section, Electric Boogaloo featured none of the ska influences which dominated the band's first three albums, instead focusing exclusively on alternative rock and pop punk. Bassist Keith Hoerig described the album as simply "a rock record with horns", likening the band's use of brass to that of such horn-driven rock bands as Chicago. Electric Boogaloo also marked the end of Five Iron Frenzy's record contract with 5 Minute Walk; though the band again considered the possibility of signing to a major label — according to Micah Ortega, an A&R executive from Atlantic Records visited Five Iron Frenzy during the recording of Electric Boogaloo — they ultimately chose to remain with 5 Minute Walk, citing the label's commitment to ministry. At the time of Electric Boogaloos release, Five Iron Frenzy's collective discography had sold over 500,000 units worldwide. However, the album proved to be a minor disappointment, debuting at number 19 on the Contemporary Christian charts and failing to chart at all on the Billboard 200, their first album to not do so since their debut.
Break-up and The End is Near (2002-2003)
Five Iron Frenzy significantly scaled back their touring for most of 2002, headlining only one tour among several festival appearances and fifteen dates on the Vans Warped Tour. As had been band tradition, Five Iron Frenzy met with their pastor for a spiritual retreat at the end of the year to discuss their forthcoming career plans; Micah Ortega recalled this meeting being the first time where opinions were sharply divided between members, primarily over whether to continue Five Iron Frenzy full-time or part-time. In light of several other contributing factors — not the least of which included Andrew Verdecchio's decision to leave the Christian faith and therefore the band — Five Iron Frenzy unanimously agreed to disband at the end of 2003, allowing themselves enough time to record a final album and embark on a "farewell tour" for the sake of their fans. The group officially announced their break-up in an open letter posted to their website on February 14, 2003, extensively thanking their fanbase and detailing their plans for their shows and releases up until what would be their final concert in November.
While recording what was intended to be their last studio album, Five Iron Frenzy released Cheeses...(of Nazareth), a 33-track compilation consisting of various unreleased songs, b-sides, demos, live recordings and improvised joke tracks. Despite being described as merely a parting gift to their fanbase, the album received national distribution through EMI and reached number 17 on Billboards Top Heatseekers and number 22 on the Contemporary Christian charts. In June, the first pressing of Five Iron Frenzy's fifth and final album, The End is Near, was released independently and sold exclusively at the band's live shows.
Five Iron Frenzy spent the summer of 2003 performing at various high-profile Christian music festivals across the United States and Canada, including the Agape Music Festival in Illinois, the Alive Festival in Ohio, Lifest in Wisconsin, Spirit West Coast in California and the Florida and Illinois Cornerstone Festival. When the band finished their final set at the Illinois Cornerstone, the audience chanted "thank you" in unison as they left the stage. Five Iron Frenzy's final national tour, cheekily titled the "Winners Never Quit Tour", began in mid-September, spanning 58 shows across 31 states, supported by Christian artists Bleach, Holland and Cameron Jaymes. Prior to the tour's commencement, Five Iron Frenzy partnered with Rohi ministries in Kenya to open a children's rescue center and asked anyone attending their final tour to contribute at least one dollar to the fund. By the tour's end, the band had raised over $48,000 for what was unofficially called "The Five Iron Frenzy Rescue Center"; in a 2012 interview, Leanor Ortega-Till revealed the fund had ultimately raised over $60,000 from fan donations alone, which had helped open an additional center.
Five Iron Frenzy played their final show at the Fillmore Auditorium in Denver on November 22, 2003, supported by Relient K, Bleach and Cameron Jaymes, drawing a sold-out crowd of over 3,900 people. This show was professionally recorded to be released as the band's second live album titled The End is Here, which was packaged as a double-disc set with The End is Near for mainstream retail distribution. This version of the album, stylized as The End is Near Here, was released in April 2004 and met with modest commercial success, reaching number 10 on the Billboard Christian charts.
Hiatus and side projects (2004–2010)
Following the dissolution of Five Iron Frenzy, most of the band members parted ways to focus on their personal lives and pursue other musical endeavors, remaining active in numerous local bands.
Several members of Five Iron Frenzy continued to collaborate with each other beyond the band's initial break-up. Reese Roper, Dennis Culp, Keith Hoerig, Andrew Verdecchio and Scott Kerr were founding members of the conceptual Christian rock side project Brave Saint Saturn in 1999, and released So Far from Home on 5 Minute Walk in 2000. Roper, Culp, Hoerig and Verdecchio continued their work with Brave Saint Saturn after Five Iron Frenzy, releasing The Light of Things Hoped For in 2003 on Tooth & Nail Records and the self-released Anti-Meridian in 2008 before falling into an indefinite hiatus shortly after. Roper was also involved with the prospective pop punk supergroup Guerilla Rodeo, featuring Ethan Luck, John Warne, Josh Abbott of Ace Troubleshooter and Five Iron Frenzy's Sonnie Johnston. The band recorded a three-song EP in 2004 but the project never came to fruition and was instead gradually restructured into the solo project Roper, retaining only Roper as frontman and singer-songwriter. Roper released one album Brace Yourself for the Mediocre in late 2004 before disbanding the following year, upon which Roper retired to focus on a full-time career in nursing, though would occasionally contribute guest vocals to albums by bands including Showbread and The Insyderz.
Culp, having released his own solo album Ascents under the name Dennis Bayne in 2000 (on which Verdecchio also performed), founded the music and sound design studio Singing Serpent in 2005, composing music for television advertising as well as appearing as a guest musician on albums by bands including Rafter and Becoming the Archetype. Scott Kerr continued his work with Yellow Second, releasing three studio albums before disbanding in 2005; their final album, 2005's Altitude released on Floodgate Records, also featured Verdecchio as a member. Keith Hoerig and his wife Eryn formed the Denver-based alternative country band The Hollyfelds in 2006, independently recording and releasing two studio albums and two EPs before their disbandment in 2016. In the mid-to-late-2000s, Leanor Ortega-Till played alongside her husband Stephen Till in the nine-piece pop ensemble Hearts of Palm.
Roper and Leanor Ortega-Till also self-published books of their own poetry, Roper having published Spires to Babel in 2003 and More Than Paper Thin in 2004, and Ortega-Till having published It Must Look Pretty Appealing in 2003. In January 2004, Roper and Ortega-Till embarked on a brief spoken word tour with Mark Salomon of Stavesacre and Pigeon John of LA Symphony reading their own writings and poetry. Verdecchio has also since released books of his own writing, including the 2017 poetry collection October and the 2018 storybook Little.
In April 2010, Asian Man Records released the DVD The Rise and Fall of Five Iron Frenzy, a three hour documentary on the band edited and narrated by Roper featuring new interviews with band members and unreleased archival footage, as well as a bonus disc containing all of the band's music videos and clips of various live performances throughout their career. Though the DVD received mixed reviews from Christian music publications - ranging from a perfect five-star rating by Jesus Freak Hideout praising its abundance of content to a two-star rating from Indie Vision Music criticizing its excessive runtime — Five Iron Frenzy nonetheless experienced a minor resurgence of renewed media interest, and members began giving numerous interviews together about the band's lasting legacy, including an extensive oral history published by the Denver Westword from Roper, Kerr, Verdecchio and Leanor Ortega-Till.
Reunion, Engine of a Million Plots, and Until This Shakes Apart (2011–present)
The prospect of a Five Iron Frenzy reunion was first discussed between band members during the filming of The Rise and Fall of Five Iron Frenzy in 2009. According to Roper, Scott Kerr was the first to express an interest in musically reconnecting with his former bandmates, though doubted the likelihood of a proper Five Iron Frenzy reunion and less so his role in such a reunion, having relinquished his original position in the band to Sonnie Johnston. After Keith Hoerig declined to participate in any type of Five Iron Frenzy reunion, Roper suggested that Kerr potentially return to the band as bassist, upon which Kerr began writing new material. Roper and Kerr discussed the logistics of reforming and writing new music for six months until a series of various life events including the birth of Roper's daughter and the relocation of several band members eventually prompted them to eventually abandon the idea.
In late 2011, Five Iron Frenzy's website was suddenly replaced by an unexplained countdown clock counting down to November 22, the eighth anniversary of the band's final show. Since 2006, the website had been operated as a fansite by fan Joel Gratcyk, who had at that time renewed the domain name and planned to surprise fans by launching a new site on November 22, though the vague countdown inadvertently fueled mass speculation among fans that Five Iron Frenzy themselves were going to announce a reunion on that date. Gratcyk contacted the band asking them to draft a formal apology to clarify the misunderstanding and dispel rumors of a reunion, though as Roper was in the process of doing so, instead decided to officially reform Five Iron Frenzy. The band chose to keep the news a secret and honor the November 22 reveal date, granting them enough time to write and record a new song and create a crowdfunding campaign for a new album on Kickstarter, both of which would be unveiled in conjunction with the announcement of their reunion.<ref>Mouser, John (December 30, 2011). Five Iron Frenzy Interview with Reese Roper (Frontman). Mousertime.</ref>
Five Iron Frenzy formally announced their reunion on November 22, 2011, releasing their first new song in eight years, "It Was a Dark and Stormy Night", as a free digital download alongside a two-month Kickstarter campaign to help cover the costs of production for a new studio album set to be released in 2013. To the band's admitted shock and surprise, the campaign's initial financial goal of $30,000 was successfully met within 55 minutes and went on to ultimately raise $207,980 by 3,755 backers, breaking records as Kickstarter's then most funded musical project and attracting considerable media attention from news publications documenting the website's growing notoriety.
The next two years were spent working on the new album and playing select live dates. The band played their first reunion show on April 28, 2012, in Denver, Colorado. Engine of a Million Plots was released on November 26, 2013.Until This Shakes Apart was released on January 15, 2021 after a successful Kickstarter campaign. A digital pre-release was available to Kickstarted backers on January 14, 2021.
In July 2022, the band announced on social media that they will play their first live show after 3 years, at the Gothic Theater in Denver, CO, on September 10, 2022.
Religious affiliations and changes in faith
As a predominantly Christian band, most members of Five Iron Frenzy are involved in Christian ministry to varying degrees. Roper is a licensed pastor for the Alliance of Renewal Churches and the co-founder of Denver's non-denominational Scum of the Earth Church, of which saxophonist Leanor Ortega-Till formerly served as the Women and Arts pastor. In a 2016 interview, Ortega-Till listed the rest of the current lineup's denominational make up as including Calvinist, Pentecostal, Presbyterian, Church of Christ and Assemblies of God.
In 1998, Scott Kerr chose to leave Five Iron Frenzy after renouncing his Christian faith. According to Kerr, he had begun experiencing doubts in high school which eventually came to a head during his time touring with Five Iron Frenzy. In an attempt to reconcile his faith, Kerr fervently studied Christian apologetics — which he ultimately found "not persuasive and, at worst, intellectually disingenuous" — as well as works by David Hume and Bertrand Russell before deciding to leave Christianity. Though Kerr recalls the band accepting his revelation and decision to leave, Roper remorsefully recalled souring the relationship between them by him "pushing Jesus on [Kerr] when he needed me to just be his friend", which later served as the lyrical basis for Five Iron Frenzy's song "To Start a Fire". Kerr continues to identify as "not a Christian", and upon re-joining Five Iron Frenzy in 2011, wrote an explanation for his reunion with the band which partly read:
Andrew Verdecchio experienced a similar loss of faith during the early 2000s, following the death of his father and the events of the September 11 attacks. Verdecchio largely recalls the comments of conservative commentators Pat Robertson and Jerry Falwell blaming the cause of the attacks on homosexuals for driving a wedge between himself and Christianity, leading him to seriously question his beliefs and role within a Christian band. Like Kerr, Verdecchio attempted to study apologetics "because I didn't want to not believe it", though said "the more I read these books and tried to convince myself, the less convinced I was". Upon renouncing his faith, Verdecchio requested to carry out one more tour with the band before quitting, upon which they decided to disband afterwards as Five Iron Frenzy did not wish to replace him. Verdecchio still identifies as an atheist, though continues to fulfill his role as Five Iron Frenzy's only official drummer.
Leanor Ortega-Till has also spoken about having struggled with severe doubts for a two-year period which caused her to try to avoid fans, though was ultimately able to "bounce back through her faith" and remains a practicing Christian.
Members
Current members
Reese Roper – lead vocals (1995–2003, 2011–present)
Micah Ortega – guitars, vocals (1995–2003, 2011–present)
Andrew Verdecchio – drums, vocals (1995–2003, 2011–present)
Nathanael "Brad" Dunham – trumpet (1995–2003, 2011–present)
Dennis Culp – trombone, vocals (1995–2003, 2011–present)
Leanor "Jeff the Girl" Ortega-Till – saxophone, vocals (1995–2003, 2011–present)
Sonnie Johnston – lead guitars (1998–2003, 2011–present)
Scott Kerr - guitars, bass, vocals (1995–1998, 2011–present)
Former members
Keith Hoerig – bass (1995–2003)
Touring musicians
Seth Hecox – guitar (2013)
Timeline
Discography
Studio albumsUpbeats and Beatdowns (1996)Our Newest Album Ever! (1997)Quantity Is Job 1 EP (1998)All the Hype That Money Can Buy (2000)Five Iron Frenzy 2: Electric Boogaloo (2001)The End Is Near (2003)The End Is Here (2004)Engine of a Million Plots (2013)Until This Shakes Apart'' (2021)
Tours
"Rock Your Socks Off" w/The Altered and The Echoing Green —Fall 1997
"El Doc Tour" w/The Echoing Green, The Electrics, and The W's — March 1998
"Ska Against Racism" w/The Toasters, Less Than Jake, Blue Meanies, Mustard Plug, MU330, Kemuri, and Mike Park — Spring 1998
"Ham Jam" w/The W's, Relient K, Philmore and Soul-Junk — Summer 2000
"Electric Youth" w/Relient K, John Reuben and Ace Troubleshooter — Fall 2001
"Winners Never Quit" w/Bleach, Holland, and Cameron Jaymes — Fall 2003
References
External links
Five Iron Frenzy at AllMusic
Five Iron Frenzy at Discogs
American Christian rock groups
American pop punk groups
American ska musical groups
American ska punk musical groups
Asian Man Records artists
Christian punk groups
Christian ska groups
Musical groups disestablished in 2003
Musical groups established in 1995
Musical groups reestablished in 2011
Musical groups from Denver
Third-wave ska groups
Punk rock groups from Colorado |
Kavaklıdere is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Bornova, İzmir Province, Turkey. Its population is 3,164 (2022). It is east of Bornova which is a part of Greater İzmir. It is situated to the south of Belkahve Pass and Turkish state highway D.300 which connects İzmir to Ankara. Most of Kavaklıdere residents work in city services in İzmir and elsewhere.
References
Neighbourhoods in Bornova District |
The 1959 Washington State Cougars football team was an American football team that represented Washington State University as an independent during the 1959 NCAA University Division football season. In their fourth season under head coach Jim Sutherland, the Cougars compiled a 6–4 record and outscored their opponents 177 to 121.
The team's statistical leaders included Mel Melin with 526 passing yards, Keith Lincoln with 670 rushing yards, and Gail Cogdill with 531 receiving yards. The Cougars had only three home games this season: the season opener in Spokane (at night) and two on campus in Pullman.
This was the first season after the disbandment of the Pacific Coast Conference, and the first as "Washington State University." After three years as an independent, WSU became the sixth member of the AAWU in 1962.
Schedule
NFL Draft
Two Cougars were selected in the 1960 NFL Draft, which was twenty rounds (240 selections).
References
External links
Game program: California vs. WSU at Spokane – September 19, 1959
Game program: Idaho at WSU – October 24, 1959
Game program: Oregon at WSU – November 14, 1959
Washington State
Washington State Cougars football seasons
Washington State Cougars football |
Louis Lamothe (1822–1869) was a French academic artist born in Lyon. He is remembered today primarily as the teacher of several more renowned artists, notably Edgar Degas, Elie Delaunay, Henry Lerolle, Henri Regnault, and James Tissot.
Lamothe was a pupil of Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres and Jean-Hippolyte Flandrin. Art historian Jean Sutherland Boggs describes him as a history painter "in a pious Christian tradition", and likens his "correct, moral, bourgeois, and even sanctimonious portraits" to those of Flandrin, whom Lamothe assisted in the decoration of the church of St-Martin-d'Ainay in 1855.
Notes
References
Baumann, Felix; Karabelnik, Marianne, et al. 1994. Degas Portraits. London: Merrell Holberton.
Thomson, Richard. 1988. Degas, the nudes. New York, N.Y.: Thames and Hudson.
Getty Union List of Artist Names
1822 births
1869 deaths
19th-century French painters
French male painters
19th-century painters of historical subjects
19th-century French male artists |
Radio Quarantine may refer to:
Radio Quarantine Kolkata, an Indian community radio based in Kolkata
The Radio Quarantine, an Indian community radio based in Bangalore
See also
Quarantine Radio, a live streaming program hosted by Tory Lanez |
The Addison County Independent is a weekly newspaper located in Middlebury, VT that covers Addison County. The paper was founded in 1946 as the Addison Independent and is now owned and published by Angelo Lynn. The paper is a member of the New England Newspapers and Press Association, and in 2016, the paper won the award of first place for general excellence in its class from the association. The paper is published weekly on Thursdays.
History
The Addison Independent was founded in 1946 by William J. Slator and his wife Celine. At the time they owned Addison Press, Inc. which published the paper as well as served a commercial printing plant. In 1955 the newspaper name changed to The Addison County Independent.
In 1976 William J. Slator sold the Addison County Independent to Gordon T. Mills, who was the editor for the Burlington Free Press.
In 1984 the current owner, Angelo Lynn, purchased the paper. In 1988, Lynn changed the publication schedule to twice-weekly, which continued until April 2020 when it shifted to weekly publication during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Online presence
The Addison County Independent's web site carries local stories and allows for individual online subscriptions.
Coverage area
The Addison County Independent mostly reports on news in Addison County, however some news is included from Rutland County, particularly school news related to Otter Valley Union High School.
Awards
New England Better Newspaper Competition - New England Newspaper and Press Association (NENPA)
Vermont Press Association
References
Newspapers published in Vermont
1946 establishments in Vermont
Newspapers established in 1946
Weekly newspapers published in the United States |
Excited delirium (ExDS), also known as agitated delirium (AgDS) or hyperactive delirium syndrome with severe agitation, is a controversial and pseudoscientific diagnosis characterized as a potentially fatal state of extreme agitation and delirium. It has typically been diagnosed postmortem in young adult males, disproportionately black men, who were physically restrained at the time of death, most often by law enforcement personnel.
Symptoms are said to include aggressive behavior, extreme physical strength and hyperthermia. It is not listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders or the International Classification of Diseases, and is not recognized by the World Health Organization, the American Psychiatric Association, the American Medical Association, the American Academy of Emergency Medicine, or the National Association of Medical Examiners.
Excited delirium diagnosis has been particularly associated with taser use. A 2017 investigative report by Reuters found that excited delirium had been listed as a factor in autopsy reports, court records or other sources in at least 276 deaths that followed taser use since 2000. Manufactured by the firm Axon, the makers have been involved in police training in its use, publishing of numerous medical studies which promote their product, and other promotional activities.
There have also been concerns raised over the use of sedative drugs during an arrest following claims of excited delirium. The drugs ketamine or midazolam (a benzodiazepine) and haloperidol (an antipsychotic) injected into a muscle have sometimes been used to sedate a person at the discretion of paramedics and sometimes at direct police request. Ketamine can cause respiratory arrest, and in many cases there is no evidence of a medical condition that would justify its use. The term excited delirium is sometimes used interchangeably with acute behavioural disturbance, a symptom of a number of conditions which is also responded to with involuntary injection with benzodiazapines, antipsychotics, or ketamine.
A 2020 investigation by the United Kingdom's forensic science regulator found that the diagnosis should not have been used since it "has been applied in some cases where other important pathological mechanisms, such as positional asphyxia and trauma may have been more appropriate". In the U.S., a diverse group of neurologists writing for the Brookings Institution called it "a misappropriation of medical terminology, used by law enforcement to legitimize police brutality and to retroactively explain certain deaths occurring in police custody". The American Psychiatric Association's position is that the term "is too non-specific to meaningfully describe and convey information about a person."
History
Throughout the 19th and early-20th century, "excited delirium" was used to describe an emotional and agitated state related to drug overdose and withdrawal or poisonings, similar to catatonia or Bell's mania with some believing them to be the same condition. The term "excited delirium" (ExDS) began to be used as a diagnosis to explain deaths in police custody especially during or after restraint use in Miami, Florida in the 1980s, as used in a 1985 Journal of Forensic Sciences article, co-authored by deputy chief medical examiner for Dade County, Florida, Charles Victor Wetli (1943–2020), entitled Cocaine-induced psychosis and sudden death in recreational cocaine users. The JFS article reported that in "five of the seven" cases they studied, deaths occurred while in police custody. Wetli determined that nineteen women, all Black prostitutes, had died of the condition due to "sexual excitement" while under the influence of cocaine. In 1992, police announced they had found a serial killer responsible for deaths determined by Wetli to be excited delirium. The legitimacy of the condition has since been under controversy with most of the medical community not recognizing it, and there is no official entry for it in the official Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Medical Disorders.
The supposed risk factors vary including "bizarre behavior generating phone calls to police", "failure to respond to police presence", and "continued struggle despite restraint". It supposedly endows individuals with "superhuman strength" and being "impervious to pain". It is disproportionately diagnosed among young Black males, and has clear undertones of racial bias.
In 1849, a superficially similar condition was described by Luther Bell as "Bell's mania". Bell was one of thirteen other mental hospital superintendents who met in Philadelphia in 1844 to organize the Association of Medical Superintendents of American Institutions for the Insane (AMSAII), now the American Psychiatric Association.
Incidence
People diagnosed with excited delirium are frequently claimed to have acute drug intoxication, generally involving phencyclidine, prolintanone, methylenedioxypyrovalerone, cocaine, or methamphetamine. Multiple other factors may be in evidence. These may include positional asphyxia, hyperthermia, drug toxicity, and/or catecholamine-induced fatal abnormal heart rhythms.
Other conditions which can resemble excited delirium are mania, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, serotonin syndrome, thyroid storm, and catatonia of the malignant or excited type.
Deaths
A 2017 report by Reuters found that excited delirium had been listed as a factor in autopsy reports, court records or other sources in at least 276 deaths that followed taser use since 2000, with diagnosis often based on a test conducted by Deborah Mash, a paid consultant to Axon, manufacturers of the Taser. In one case within four hours of a man dying after being tasered, Axon had provided model press releases, instructions for gathering evidence of excited delirium, and advised that samples be sent to Mash. Amnesty International found that the syndrome was cited in 75 of the 330 deaths following police use of a taser on suspects between 2001 and 2008, and a Florida-based study found it was listed as a cause of death in over half of all deaths in police custody, though many Florida districts do not use it at all.
While diagnosis is habitually of men under police restraint, medical preconditions and symptoms attributed to the syndrome are far more varied.
Lack of acceptance by most medical associations
Excited delirium is not recognized by the World Health Organization, the American Psychiatric Association, the American Medical Association, and not listed as a medical condition in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders or International Classification of Diseases. Dr. Michael Baden, a specialist in investigating deaths in custody, describes excited delirium as "a boutique kind of diagnosis created, unfortunately, by many of my forensic pathology colleagues specifically for persons dying when being restrained by law enforcement". In June 2021, the Royal College of Psychiatrists in the UK released a statement that they do "not support the use of such terminology [as ExDS or AgDS], which has no empirical evidential basis" and said "the use of these terms is, in effect, racial discrimination".
A 2020 scientific literature review looked at reported cases of excited delirium and agitated delirium. The authors noted that most published current information has indicated that excited delirium-related deaths are due to an occult pathophysiologic process. A database of cases was created which included the use of force, drug intoxication, mental illness, demographics, and survival outcome. A review of cases revealed there was no evidence to support ExDS as a cause of death in the absence of restraint. The authors found that when death occurred in an aggressively restrained individual that fits the profile of either ExDS or AgDS, restraint-related asphyxia must be considered the more likely cause of the death.
Position of the American College of Emergency Physicians
Following a 2009 review by an internal task force, the American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) accepted excited delirium as a "real and unique syndrome." At that time their list of symptoms describing the condition stated:
Commenting on ACEP's position, in a 2020 position paper the American Psychiatric Association stated:
Three of the members of ACEP's task force were linked to Axon, the corporation that manufactures Taser stun guns. Axon frequently blames excited delirium for stun-gun-related deaths.
ACEP then created a new task force to investigate this syndrome and their report lead to a new ACEP position statement in April 2023 which recognized the syndrome, but discouraged the term "excited delirium":The American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) recognizes the existence of hyperactive delirium syndrome with severe agitation, a potentially life threatening clinical condition characterized by a combination of vital sign abnormalities (e.g., elevated temperature and blood pressure), pronounced agitation, altered mental status, and metabolic derangements.... ACEP does not recognize the use of the term “excited delirium” and its use in clinical settings.
In 2023, the state of California became the first in the United States to ban the use of "excited delirium" as a cause of death.
Police involvement
Males account for more documented diagnoses than females. Often law enforcement has used tasers or physical measures in these cases, and death most frequently occurs after the person is forcefully restrained. Critics of excited delirium have stated that the condition is primarily attributed to deaths while in the custody of law enforcement and is disproportionately applied to Black and Hispanic victims. One study looking at cocaine-related deaths in the 1970s and 1980s in Florida, showed that the deaths were more likely to be diagnosed as excited delirium when involving young Black men dying in police custody and "accidental cocaine toxicity" when involving white people. A 1998 study found that "In all 21 cases of unexpected death associated with excited delirium, the deaths were associated with restraint (for violent agitation and hyperactivity), with the person either in a prone position (18 people [86%]) or subjected to pressure on the neck (3 [14%]). All of those who died had suddenly lapsed into tranquillity shortly after being restrained".
In 2003, the NAACP argued that excited delirium is used to explain the deaths of minorities more often than whites, and the American Psychiatric Association also notes that "the term excited delirium is disproportionately applied to Black men in police custody". The American Civil Liberties Union argued in 2007 that the diagnosis served "as a means of white-washing what may be excessive use of force and inappropriate use of control techniques by officers during an arrest."
The UK Independent Advisory Panel on Deaths in Custody (IAP) suggests that the syndrome should be termed "Sudden death in restraint syndrome" in order to enhance clarity. Some civil-rights groups have argued that excited delirium diagnoses are being used to absolve law enforcement of guilt in cases where alleged excessive force may have contributed to patient deaths.
Prominent cases include Daniel Prude, who was said to be in a state of excited delirium in 2020 when police put a hood over his head and pressed his naked body against the pavement. Prude, a Black man, lost consciousness and died. Excited delirium was also cited by the defense in State v. Chauvin, a murder trial related to the murder of George Floyd in 2020. Prosecutor Steve Schleicher refuted the defense suggestion that Floyd had "superhuman strength" during his arrest because he was suffering from the condition.
Ketamine
Ketamine or midazolam and haloperidol injected into a muscle have frequently been used, sometimes at direct police request, to sedate the person. Ketamine can cause respiratory arrest, and in many cases there is no evidence of a medical condition that would justify its use. Following an injection the person must be transported to a hospital. In 2018 a Minneapolis hospital published a paper which reported that 57 percent of the people who had been injected for agitation needed intubation.
Concern has been raised about the increasing usage of a claim of excited delirium to justify tranquilizing persons during arrest, with requests for tranquilization often being made by law enforcement rather than medical professionals. Ketamine is the most commonly used drug in these cases. There have been deaths related to use of ketamine on restrained prisoners. A controversial study into ketamine use was terminated due to ethics concerns. The study was also linked to Axon via Jeffrey Ho.
In 2019 Elijah McClain, a Black man, was arrested by police officers after receiving a 911 call which reported a man walking, waving his arms and wearing a ski mask. The officers said that he was exhibiting "crazy strength" when they attempted to arrest him but all three said that their body cams had fallen off and thus there was no video of what they claimed to be a violent struggle. McClain weighed 140 pounds and was 5 feet 6 inches tall. He was handcuffed and then a choke hold was used twice, once "successfully" meaning that McClain lost consciousness. When paramedics arrived they administered enough ketamine to sedate a 220-pound man. He went into cardiac arrest a few minutes later. In a report of the case on 60 Minutes, John Dickerson interviewed the District Attorney who justified the use of ketamine, adding that since excited delirium could not be ruled out as a cause of death it would be impossible to win a homicide case because "you can't file a homicide charge without cause of death."
Taser use
According to an article in the Harvard Civil Rights–Civil Liberties Law Review, since 2000, over one thousand people in the United States have died shortly after being tased, with the deaths sharing several commonalities: "the deceased often were mentally ill or under the influence of drugs at the time of death, they tend to have been shocked multiple times by officers during arrest, and they often share an exceptionally rare cause of death, 'excited delirium.'"
Axon Enterprise, formerly Taser International, provides training for police on recognizing excited delirium and several prominent proponents of the diagnosis are retained by Axon, with diagnosis often based on a test conducted by Deborah Mash, a paid consultant to Axon. In one case reported by an investigative report done by Reuters, within four hours of a man dying after being tasered Axon had provided model press releases, instructions for gathering evidence of excited delirium, and advised that samples be sent to Mash for lab work to establish a diagnosis.
Axon has paid thousands of dollars to proponents of the excited delirium diagnosis, including Charles Wetli who first proposed the term, who have repeatedly used "excited delirium" as a defense in liability suits and to shield police officers from criminal liability for deaths in custody. Harvard Civil Rights–Civil Liberties Law Review reports that "Axon has actively pursued litigation against some medical examiners who attribute deaths to tasers rather than excited delirium. These lawsuits seem to have a chilling effect on medical examiners' work; a 2011 survey found that 14% of medical examiners had modified a diagnostic finding out of fear of litigation by the company."
In Canada, the 2007 case of Robert Dziekanski received national attention and placed a spotlight on the use of tasers in police actions and the diagnosis of excited delirium. Police psychologist Mike Webster testified at a British Columbia inquiry into taser deaths that police have been "brainwashed" by Taser International to justify "ridiculously inappropriate" use of the electric weapon. He called excited delirium a "dubious disorder" used by Taser International in its training of police. In a 2008 report, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police argued that excited delirium should not be included in the operational manual for the Royal Canadian Mounted Police without formal approval after consultation with a mental-health-policy advisory body.
See also
Positional asphyxia
Stimulant psychosis
Taser safety issues
Police brutality
References
1985 neologisms
Police brutality
Medical emergencies
Medical controversies in the United States
Wikipedia medicine articles ready to translate
Wikipedia emergency medicine articles ready to translate
Psychiatry controversies |
Protea rupestris, also known as rocket sugarbush, is a flower-bearing tree of the genus Protea. The plant is found in Malawi, Mozambique, Angola, Tanzania, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Zambia.
As a tree it has few branches and grows 10 metres in height. The plant is monoecious with both sexes in each flower.
It blooms from May to December. A wildfire will destroy the tree, but the seeds survive. The seed is released 9-12 months after flowering and dispersed by means of the wind. After being dispersed, the seeds simply lie on the ground until fires and rains create the best conditions for germination. Pollination occurs through the action of birds. The plant grows in open forests and mountainous grasslands at elevations of 1,200 to 1,950 metres.
Although it occurs across a wide range, it relatively unknown and is believed to be uncommon.
References
rupestris
Flora of Angola
Flora of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Flora of Malawi
Flora of Mozambique
Flora of Tanzania
Flora of Zambia
Plants described in 1914 |
The 11th International Gold Cup was a Formula Two motor race, held on 19 September 1964 at Oulton Park, Cheshire. The race was run over 40 laps of the circuit, and was won from pole position by Jack Brabham in a Brabham BT10. Jim Clark in a Lotus 32 finished just two tenths of a second behind Brabham, setting fastest lap. Jackie Stewart was third in another Lotus 32.
Results
References
Formula Two races
International Gold Cup
International Gold Cup |
The Video Collection is the name of a music video DVD compilation by popular Greek singer Anna Vissi, released by Sony Music in 2001 in Greece and Australia. The DVD contains music videos from Anna Vissi's career up to that point, selected by Vissi herself.
Music videos
"Pseftika" (False)
"Adistrofi Metrisi" (Countdown)
"Ena Sou Leo" (One thing)
"Fos" (Light)
"Sta '79" (At' 76)
"Demones" (Demons)
"Den Thelo Na Xereis" (I don't want you to know)
"Emeis" (Us)
"Akoma Mia" (Another one)
"Lambo" (I glow)
"Eleni" (Helen)
"Eimai Poli Kala" (I'm OK)
"Metra" (Count)
"Vre Kouto" (Stupid)
"Mavra Gialia" (Black Glasses)
"Forgive Me This"
"Mou Anikeis" (I own you or You're mine)
"Erotevmenaki" (Lovebird)
"S'eho Epithimisei"(I've missed you)
"Everything I Am"
"Agapi Ipervoliki" (Too much Love)
"Dodeka" (12) (Live At Club Asteria - Athens)
"Kravgi"
"Horis To Moro Mou" (Without my Baby)
"Kravgi Hitmix"
Personnel
Management: Christy Tsolakaki
Project Manager: Nicholas Hatzijannis
Styling: Sofia Karvelas
Make Up: Dimitris Dimitroulis
Photography: Katerina Tsatsani
Chart performance
Anna Vissi video albums
Greek-language albums
2001 video albums
2001 compilation albums
Music video compilation albums
Anna Vissi compilation albums
Sony Music Greece compilation albums
Sony Music Greece video albums |
Vukale Stanišić (, 1761) was possibly the guvernadur of Montenegro in the period between 1758 and 1764.
A judgment from June 3, 1761, written by "Vukale Stanišić" (Писах ја Вукале Станишић по ријечи вишереченијех), points to that Vukale was the guvernadur, as the guvernadur signed first in civil cases. The surname also supports this, Stanišić being a patronymic pointing to Staniša (Stanislav) – the previous guvernadur Stanislav Radonjić.
References
Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro |
Rolston is a hamlet in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England, in an area known as Holderness. It is situated approximately south of Hornsea and lies just west of the B1242 road.
It forms part of the civil parish of Mappleton.
References
External links
Villages in the East Riding of Yorkshire
Holderness |
Eoghan Murphy (born 23 April 1982) is an Irish former Fine Gael politician, who served as a Teachta Dála (TD) for ten years, from 2011 until 27 April 2021, respresenting the Dublin Bay South constituency (previously named Dublin South-East). He served as Minister for Housing, Planning and Local Government from 2017 to 2020 and as Minister of State for Financial Services from 2016 to 2017. In 2021, he served as Head of Mission on election observation missions to Armenia, Uzbekistan, Italy and Kazakhstan on behalf of the Organisation for Security and Cooperation (OSCE).
Early life and education
Born in Dublin, Murphy attended primary school at Star of the Sea Sandymount and secondary school at St Michael's College. He went on to study at University College Dublin (BA, English & Philosophy), and King's College London (MA, International Relations). In 2013, he was awarded a Marshall Memorial Fellowship.
His father Henry is a retired senior counsel and author. His brothers Cillian (the actor known as Killian Scott) and Colin, a playwright and journalist, have forged successful careers in the arts.
He dated jewellery designer Chloe Townsend, but according to Evoke, they split in 2019. In 2021, he revealed that an ex-girlfriend received verbal abuse during his term as a government minister.
Career
Arms control
Prior to entering politics, Murphy worked in international arms control, specifically in the area of nuclear weapons disarmament. He has worked for the United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR) in Geneva, Switzerland, the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade in Dublin, and before his election to Dublin City Council, he was working as a speechwriter for the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO) in Vienna, Austria. In a 2015 Dáil debate on Irish neutrality, Murphy supported ending the triple lock requirement for Irish military deployment to have United Nations Security Council support, on the ground that it makes Ireland subject to Russia's veto power.
Politics
Murphy stood in his first election in 2009 and topped the poll when he was elected to Dublin City Council at the 2009 local elections for the local electoral area of Pembroke–Rathmines. He was 27 at the time.
At the 2011 general election, he was elected to the Irish parliament for the constituency of Dublin South-East, vacating his seat on the council. In the 31st Dáil, he sat on the Public Accounts Committee (PAC), then regarded as the foremost Oireachtas Committee due to its special powers, and subsequently served on the Committee of Inquiry into the Banking Crisis, established to examine the causes of Ireland's property-driven banking collapse which resulted in a national bailout. When that inquiry almost collapsed Murphy, together with Senator Susan O'Keeffe, was asked by their colleagues to rescue the final report, which was published in January 2016.
In his first term he also led the Oireachtas delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly of the OSCE, serving as a short-term observer to the Russian presidential election in 2012, and as Special Co-Ordinator for the Bulgarian parliamentary elections in 2013.
In 2013, Murphy self-published "Reforming Dáil Eireann: A View from the Backbenches", a booklet containing a series of reforms which sought to strengthen the independence of parliament vis-a-vis government, implicitly criticising his own Party in government at the time: "But if the foundations of our democracy continue to be weak, whatever we build on them will be weaker.”
At the 2016 general election, Murphy topped the poll in the redrawn constituency of Dublin Bay South, winning the second seat.
When the 2016 election failed to give any one party an outright majority, Murphy was drafted in by Enda Kenny to represent Fine Gael as a part of a small team heavily involved in talks with other parties and independents on the formation of a minority government. He was subsequently appointed by Taoiseach Enda Kenny to the minority Fine Gael–Independent government as Minister of State at the Department of Finance and at the Department of Public Expenditure and Reform with responsibility for Financial Services, eGovernment and Public Procurement.
When Enda Kenny announced his resignation as President of Fine Gael and Taoiseach in early 2017, Leo Varadkar appointed Murphy to run his parliamentary party campaign. Murphy was instrumental in orchestrating Varadkar’s successful election as President of Fine Gael and subsequently as Taoiseach.
Following Leo Varadkar's appointment as Taoiseach, Murphy was promoted to the cabinet, as Minister for Housing, Planning and Local Government in June 2017. On 25 September 2018, Murphy survived a motion of no confidence which had been tabled by Sinn Féin. The motion was defeated by 59 to 49 votes. In December 2019, another motion of no confidence was tabled against Murphy, this time by the Social Democrats. The motion was defeated by 59 votes to 56.
In the 2020 general election he was elected to the third seat in Dublin Bay South. After the election he continued to serve as minister during the first phase of the Covid pandemic, instituting protections for rough sleepers, people in emergency accommodation and renters. At the formation of a new government on 27 June 2020 he announced that he was stepping back from ministerial politics to focus on reform of his party. He resigned his seat in the Dáil in April 2021.
Election Observation
On 27 April 2021, Murphy resigned his seat in Dáil Éireann, and announced that he would return to working in international affairs. That same year he began working with the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), consulting for the election monitoring arm of the OSCE's Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR).
In May 2021, Murphy was appointed as Head of Mission to the election observation mission to the early parliamentary elections in Armenia. In September 2021, Murphy was appointed as Head of Mission to the election observation mission to the presidential election in Uzbekistan.
Murphy returned to Armenia and Uzbekistan in 2022 to follow up on recommendations his team had made to further enhance the conduct of elections in both countries and to support efforts to bring them fully in line with OSCE commitments and other international obligations and standards for democratic elections.
In September 2022, Murphy was appointed as Head of Mission to the election assement mission to the parliamentary elections in Italy.
More recently, in February 2023, Murphy was appointed Head of Mission to the early parliamentary elections in Kazakhstan.
References
1982 births
Living people
Alumni of University College Dublin
Alumni of King's College London
Fine Gael TDs
Members of Dublin City Council
Members of the 31st Dáil
Members of the 32nd Dáil
Members of the 33rd Dáil
Ministers of State of the 32nd Dáil
People educated at St Michael's College, Dublin |
Mike Brkovich ( ; born April 6, 1958) is a Canadian former basketball player from Windsor, Ontario. He is currently a Windsor-based automotive exporter and real estate developer.
Basketball career
Of Serbian background (Serbian: Брковић, Brković), Brkovich played high school basketball at W. D. Lowe in Windsor. The team won the Ontario Provincial Championship in 1976 and 1977.
Brkovich played as a shooting guard on the Michigan State Spartans team that won the 1979 NCAA tournament, defeating Larry Bird's Indiana State Sycamores in the final game. Brkovich opened an earlier tournament game against Notre Dame game with a slam dunk, from which the Fighting Irish never recovered. The following year, Brkovich was the team's co-captain.
Brkovich was drafted 181st overall (8th round) by the Milwaukee Bucks in 1981, but never played in the NBA.
He was a member of the Canadian national basketball team which finished fourth in the 1979 Pan American Games. He and the rest of the team were unable to play in the 1980 Summer Olympics, due to the boycott that year.
Brkovich was inducted into the Windsor/Essex County Sports Hall of Fame in 1999.
Business career
Brkovich founded a successful auto export dealership in Windsor, and later expanded into real estate ownership and development. He has advocated for the preservation and restoration of historically significant buildings in Windsor.
References
1958 births
Living people
Canadian expatriate basketball people in the United States
Canadian men's basketball players
Canadian people of Serbian descent
Canadian real estate businesspeople
Michigan State Spartans men's basketball players
Milwaukee Bucks draft picks
Basketball players from Windsor, Ontario
Shooting guards
Basketball players at the 1979 Pan American Games
Pan American Games competitors for Canada |
Dodging Bullets (foaled 16 April 2008) is a British Thoroughbred racehorse, best known for his performances in National Hunt races. Bred by the leading jockey Frankie Dettori he had a flat racing career of limited importance, winning two minor races from nine starts as a three-year-old in 2011. He showed better form when switched to hurdles, winning the Sharp Novices' Hurdle in 2012. He proved even better when he began to compete in steeplechases, winning the November Novices' Chase and the Wayward Lad Novices' Chase in 2013. In the 2014/2015 National Hunt season he emerged as one of the best chasers in Britain, recording three consecutive Grade 1 wins in the Tingle Creek Chase, Clarence House Chase and Queen Mother Champion Chase.
Background
Dodging Bullets is a bay gelding with a white star and two white socks bred in the United Kingdom by Frankie Dettori. He was sired by Dubawi a top-class son of Dubai Millennium, whose wins included the Irish 2,000 Guineas and the Prix Jacques Le Marois. At stud, Dubawi has been a highly-successful breeding stallion, siring major flat winners such as Monterosso, Al Kazeem, Makfi, Lucky Nine and Poet's Voice. Dodging Bullets' dam Nova Cyngi, was an unraced daughter of the Prix Vermeille winner Northern Trick, whose other descendants include Main Sequence and Light Shift.
In November 2009, the yearling Dodging Bullets was sent to the Tattersalls sales and was bought for 8,000 guineas by the Irish trainer Andrew Oliver. The horse entered the ownership of R A Pegum and was trained by Oliver at Caledon, County Tyrone.
Racing career
2011: three-year-old season
Dodging Bullets began his racing career in a maiden race over one mile at Cork Racecourse on 13 May when he finished seventh of the seventeen runners at odds of 50/1. He failed to win in his next six races, consisting of maiden races and minor handicaps in Ireland before winning a handicap race over eight and a half furlongs at Galway Races on 27 July. On his final appearance on the flat, he won a ten furlong handicap at Sligo Racecourse in August.
At the end of the year, Dodging Bullets was sold and sent to England to be trained for a National Hunt career by Paul Nicholls.
2011/2012 National Hunt season: novice hurdles
On his first appearance over hurdles he was immediately entered against good-class opposition when he contested the Grade 2 Dovecote Novices' Hurdle at Kempton Park Racecourse on 25 February. Ridden by Ruby Walsh he started at odds of 9/2 and finished second of the six runners, one and a half lengths behind the odds-on favourite Grumeti. In the following month, Dodging Bullets was sent to the Cheltenham Festival for the first time and started a 20/1 outsider for the Triumph Hurdle in which he was ridden by Daryl Jacob. He finished fourth of the twenty runners behind Countrywide Flame, Hisaabaat and Grumeti. On his third and final appearance of the season, he finished sixth behind Grumeti in the Anniversary 4-Y-O Novices' Hurdle after being badly hampered at the fifth hurdle.
2012/2013 National Hunt season: novice hurdles
As he had failed to win in his three races in the spring of 2012, Dodging Bullets remained eligible to compete in novice hurdle races in the 2012/2013 National Hunt season. On his seasonal debut on 20 October, he recorded his first jump race win in a novice hurdle at Cheltenham, taking the lead approaching the last and going clear of his rivals to win by eight lengths at odds of 10/11. On 16 November the gelding was moved up in class for the Grade 2 Sharp Novices' Hurdle at the same course and started 5/4 favourite against seven opponents. Ridden by Ruby Walsh, he led from the start and survived a mistake at the last flight of hurdles to win by one and a half lengths from River Maigue. The gelding was stepped up again in class and matched against more experienced hurdlers when he contested the Grade 1 Christmas Hurdle at Kempton on 26 December. He stayed on in the closing stages to finish third behind Darlan and Raya Star, and ahead of Countrywide Flame, Cinders and Ashes (winner of the Supreme Novices' Hurdle) and Punjabi.
Dodging Bullets went to the Cheltenham for the festival again in March 2013 and started at odds of 12/1 for the Supreme Novices' Hurdle. After moving up to challenge the leaders three hurdles from the finish he weakened badly in the closing stages and finished ninth, fifty lengths behind the winner Champagne Fever. He was moved up in distance for the Mersey Novices' Hurdle over two and a half miles at Aintree Racecourse in April, but again ran poorly and came home last of the seven finishers behind Ubak.
2013/2014 National Hunt season: novice chases
In the 2013/2014 National Hunt season, Dodging Bullets competed in novice steeplechases. On his debut over the larger obstacles, he started 8/11 favourite for a minor event at Kempton on 20 October and won by four lengths after taking the lead at the tenth of the twelve fences. In the following month he was matched against Raya Star and the County Hurdle winner Ted Veale in the November Novices' Chase at Cheltenham. Ridden by Jacob, he took the lead after the penultimate fence and won by five lengths from Raya Star with Ted Veale another three and a quarter lengths back in third. On 27 December he started 7/4 second favourite behind the odds-on Grandouet (whose wins included the Champion Four Year Old Hurdle and the International Hurdle) in the Grade 2 Wayward Lad Novices' Chase over two miles at Kempton. Dodging Bullets tracked Grandouet before taking the lead four fences from the finish and drew away to win by ten lengths.
Dodging Bullets took on more experienced chasers in the Grade 2 Game Spirit Chase at Newbury Racecourse in February and finished second, beaten a neck by the seven-year-old favourite Module. On his third appearance at the Cheltenham Festival, Dodging Bullets started the 6/1 fourth choice in the betting (behind Champagne Fever, Trifolium and Rock On Ruby) for the Grade 1 Arkle Challenge Trophy and finished fourth, beaten five lengths by the 33/1 outsider Western Warhorse. On his final appearance of the season, the gelding again ran poorly at Aintree, finishing last of five behind Uxizandre in the Manifesto Novices' Chase.
2014/2015 National Hunt season: steeplechases
On his first appearance of the 2014/2015 season Dodging Bullets finished third behind Uxizandre and Simply Ned in the Shloer Chase at Cheltenham on 16 November. On 6 December, the gelding was moved up in class for the Grade 1 Tingle Creek Chase at Sandown Park Racecourse. He started at odds of 9/1 in a ten-runner field which also included Balder (Maghull Novices' Chase), God's Own (Ryanair Novice Chase, Haldon Gold Cup), Oscar Whisky and Somersby (Clarence House Chase). Ridden by Sam Twiston-Davies he tracked the leaders before moving up to take second place at the ninth fence. He took the lead approaching the last fence and won by two and a half lengths from Somersby.
Dodging Bullets' next race was the Grade 1 Clarence House Chase at Ascot Racecourse on 17 January in which he started 7/2 second favourite behind the nine-year-old Sprinter Sacre, who was returning after a long break caused by health problems. Ridden by Noel Fehily, he settled in third place as Somersby led before Sprinter Sacre moved up to lead at the second last. Dodging Bullets overtook Sprinter Sacre approaching the last and won by three lengths with the Irish challenger Twinlight (winner of the Paddy Power Dial-A-Bet Chase) a further five lengths back in third.
On 11 March 2015, Dodging Bullets contested the 56th running of the Queen Mother Champion Chase. He started the 9/2 third choice in the betting behind Sprinter Sacre (winner of the race in 2013) and the 2014 winner Sire de Grugy.
The other contenders included Somersby, Simply Ned, the thirteen-year-old Irish veteran Sizing Europe, the Game Spirit Chase winner Mr Mole and the Desert Orchid Chase winner Special Tiara. Sam Twiston-Davies positioned the gelding in second as Special Tiara led from the start and opened up a clear advantage.
Dodging Bullets moved up to challenge at the third last and took the lead at the final fence. On the run-in he got the better of Special Tiara and held off the challenge of Somersby to win by one and a quarter lengths. Special Tiara was a length and three quarters back in third, seven lengths clear of Sire de Grugy.
Pedigree
References
External links
Career 1-2-3 Colour Chart – Dodging Bullets
2008 racehorse births
Racehorses bred in the United Kingdom
Racehorses trained in Ireland
Racehorses trained in the United Kingdom
Thoroughbred family 4-m
Cheltenham Festival winners |
```xml
import { render } from "@testing-library/react";
import React from "react";
import App from "coral-account/App";
import {
CoralContext,
CoralContextProvider,
} from "coral-framework/lib/bootstrap";
export default function customRenderAppWithContext(context: CoralContext) {
render(
<CoralContextProvider value={context}>
<App />
</CoralContextProvider>
);
}
``` |
Fernando Óscar Bandeirinha Barbosa (born 26 November 1962 in Porto), known as Bandeirinha, is a Portuguese retired footballer who played as a right back or a defensive midfielder throughout his career.
Football career
During his career, Bandeirinha played mainly for FC Porto, never being more than a reserve player during his 15-year spell – which also included loans to F.C. Paços de Ferreira, Varzim S.C. and Académica de Coimbra – as he was barred by for instance legendary João Domingos Pinto (who appeared in more than 580 official matches for the club) in the right back position.
In 1996, already aged 33, he moved to F.C. Felgueiras in the second division, where he finished his career after one year. Bandeirinha was never capped for Portugal, but was a last-minute addition for the squad at the 1986 FIFA World Cup, after S.L. Benfica's António Veloso was suspended due to a doping test, later proven to be fake.
From 1999 to 2006, Bandeirinha worked as a coach with his main club's reserve team, but almost exclusively as an assistant.
Honours
Porto
Primeira Divisão: 1987–88, 1989–90, 1991–92, 1992–93, 1994–95, 1995–96
Taça de Portugal: 1987–88, 1990–91, 1993–94
Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira: 1991, 1994
European Cup: 1986–87
European Super Cup: 1987
References
External links
1962 births
Living people
Footballers from Porto
Portuguese men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
Primeira Liga players
Liga Portugal 2 players
FC Porto players
F.C. Paços de Ferreira players
Varzim S.C. players
Académica de Coimbra (football) players
F.C. Felgueiras players
Portugal men's youth international footballers
1986 FIFA World Cup players
Portuguese football managers
FC Porto B managers |
Margit Bara (21 June 1928 – 25 October 2016) was a Hungarian film actress. She appeared in 25 films between 1956 and 1975. She retired from acting in 1977 and later in 1992 received the Order of Merit of the Republic of Hungary and in 2002 she was awarded the Kossuth Prize.
Selected filmography
Drama of the Lark (1963)
A Cozy Cottage (1963)
Jacob the Liar (1975)
References
External links
1928 births
2016 deaths
Hungarian film actresses
Actors from Cluj-Napoca
20th-century Hungarian actresses |
Sir John Elliott Terry (11 June 1913 – 29 March 1995) was a British film financier and lawyer who helped to found the National Film School and served as manager of the National Film Finance Corporation (NFFC) for over 20 years.
He worked as a solicitor for the National Film Finance Corporation from 1949 to 1956, served as its secretary from 1956 to 1958, and was managing director from 1958 to 1978. During his time with the NNFC he supported hundreds of films and helped launch the careers of many well known directors, including Karel Reisz, Ken Loach, Ridley Scott and David Puttnam.
In 1970 he was one of several people who helped to establish the National Film School and served as its governor until 1981. He was governor of the London International Film School from 1982 to 1990, and a governor of the Royal National College for the Blind in Hereford between 1980 and 1985.
In 1975 he chaired Harold Wilson's Working Party on the Future of the British Film Industry, and later became Deputy Chairman of the Interim Action Committee on the Film Industry which was set up as a result of the report he had helped to compile. When the Government disbanded that committee, Terry, together with John Chittock and Michael Deeley, established the British Screen Advisory Council, of which he was made honorary vice-president in 1993.
He was knighted for his services to the film industry in 1976.
He served as a firefighter in World War II and was badly injured in the incident which saw Harry Errington awarded the George Cross.
Personal life
Terry married Joan Fell in 1940. The couple had two children - a son and a daughter.
External links
1913 births
1995 deaths
English solicitors
English Jews
Knights Bachelor
People associated with the Royal National College for the Blind
20th-century British lawyers
20th-century English lawyers |
```go
// +build !windows
package main
import (
"bufio"
"bytes"
"encoding/json"
"io/ioutil"
"os"
"os/exec"
"path/filepath"
"regexp"
"strings"
"time"
"github.com/docker/docker/integration-cli/checker"
"github.com/docker/docker/integration-cli/cli"
"github.com/docker/docker/integration-cli/cli/build"
"github.com/docker/docker/integration-cli/cli/build/fakecontext"
"github.com/docker/docker/pkg/testutil"
icmd "github.com/docker/docker/pkg/testutil/cmd"
"github.com/docker/go-units"
"github.com/go-check/check"
)
func (s *DockerSuite) TestBuildResourceConstraintsAreUsed(c *check.C) {
testRequires(c, cpuCfsQuota)
name := "testbuildresourceconstraints"
ctx := fakecontext.New(c, "", fakecontext.WithDockerfile(`
FROM hello-world:frozen
RUN ["/hello"]
`))
cli.Docker(
cli.Args("build", "--no-cache", "--rm=false", "--memory=64m", "--memory-swap=-1", "--cpuset-cpus=0", "--cpuset-mems=0", "--cpu-shares=100", "--cpu-quota=8000", "--ulimit", "nofile=42", "-t", name, "."),
cli.InDir(ctx.Dir),
).Assert(c, icmd.Success)
out := cli.DockerCmd(c, "ps", "-lq").Combined()
cID := strings.TrimSpace(out)
type hostConfig struct {
Memory int64
MemorySwap int64
CpusetCpus string
CpusetMems string
CPUShares int64
CPUQuota int64
Ulimits []*units.Ulimit
}
cfg := inspectFieldJSON(c, cID, "HostConfig")
var c1 hostConfig
err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(cfg), &c1)
c.Assert(err, checker.IsNil, check.Commentf(cfg))
c.Assert(c1.Memory, checker.Equals, int64(64*1024*1024), check.Commentf("resource constraints not set properly for Memory"))
c.Assert(c1.MemorySwap, checker.Equals, int64(-1), check.Commentf("resource constraints not set properly for MemorySwap"))
c.Assert(c1.CpusetCpus, checker.Equals, "0", check.Commentf("resource constraints not set properly for CpusetCpus"))
c.Assert(c1.CpusetMems, checker.Equals, "0", check.Commentf("resource constraints not set properly for CpusetMems"))
c.Assert(c1.CPUShares, checker.Equals, int64(100), check.Commentf("resource constraints not set properly for CPUShares"))
c.Assert(c1.CPUQuota, checker.Equals, int64(8000), check.Commentf("resource constraints not set properly for CPUQuota"))
c.Assert(c1.Ulimits[0].Name, checker.Equals, "nofile", check.Commentf("resource constraints not set properly for Ulimits"))
c.Assert(c1.Ulimits[0].Hard, checker.Equals, int64(42), check.Commentf("resource constraints not set properly for Ulimits"))
// Make sure constraints aren't saved to image
cli.DockerCmd(c, "run", "--name=test", name)
cfg = inspectFieldJSON(c, "test", "HostConfig")
var c2 hostConfig
err = json.Unmarshal([]byte(cfg), &c2)
c.Assert(err, checker.IsNil, check.Commentf(cfg))
c.Assert(c2.Memory, check.Not(checker.Equals), int64(64*1024*1024), check.Commentf("resource leaked from build for Memory"))
c.Assert(c2.MemorySwap, check.Not(checker.Equals), int64(-1), check.Commentf("resource leaked from build for MemorySwap"))
c.Assert(c2.CpusetCpus, check.Not(checker.Equals), "0", check.Commentf("resource leaked from build for CpusetCpus"))
c.Assert(c2.CpusetMems, check.Not(checker.Equals), "0", check.Commentf("resource leaked from build for CpusetMems"))
c.Assert(c2.CPUShares, check.Not(checker.Equals), int64(100), check.Commentf("resource leaked from build for CPUShares"))
c.Assert(c2.CPUQuota, check.Not(checker.Equals), int64(8000), check.Commentf("resource leaked from build for CPUQuota"))
c.Assert(c2.Ulimits, checker.IsNil, check.Commentf("resource leaked from build for Ulimits"))
}
func (s *DockerSuite) TestBuildAddChangeOwnership(c *check.C) {
testRequires(c, DaemonIsLinux)
name := "testbuildaddown"
ctx := func() *fakecontext.Fake {
dockerfile := `
FROM busybox
ADD foo /bar/
RUN [ $(stat -c %U:%G "/bar") = 'root:root' ]
RUN [ $(stat -c %U:%G "/bar/foo") = 'root:root' ]
`
tmpDir, err := ioutil.TempDir("", "fake-context")
c.Assert(err, check.IsNil)
testFile, err := os.Create(filepath.Join(tmpDir, "foo"))
if err != nil {
c.Fatalf("failed to create foo file: %v", err)
}
defer testFile.Close()
icmd.RunCmd(icmd.Cmd{
Command: []string{"chown", "daemon:daemon", "foo"},
Dir: tmpDir,
}).Assert(c, icmd.Success)
if err := ioutil.WriteFile(filepath.Join(tmpDir, "Dockerfile"), []byte(dockerfile), 0644); err != nil {
c.Fatalf("failed to open destination dockerfile: %v", err)
}
return fakecontext.New(c, tmpDir)
}()
defer ctx.Close()
buildImageSuccessfully(c, name, build.WithExternalBuildContext(ctx))
}
// Test that an infinite sleep during a build is killed if the client disconnects.
// This test is fairly hairy because there are lots of ways to race.
// Strategy:
// * Monitor the output of docker events starting from before
// * Run a 1-year-long sleep from a docker build.
// * When docker events sees container start, close the "docker build" command
// * Wait for docker events to emit a dying event.
func (s *DockerSuite) TestBuildCancellationKillsSleep(c *check.C) {
testRequires(c, DaemonIsLinux)
name := "testbuildcancellation"
observer, err := newEventObserver(c)
c.Assert(err, checker.IsNil)
err = observer.Start()
c.Assert(err, checker.IsNil)
defer observer.Stop()
// (Note: one year, will never finish)
ctx := fakecontext.New(c, "", fakecontext.WithDockerfile("FROM busybox\nRUN sleep 31536000"))
defer ctx.Close()
buildCmd := exec.Command(dockerBinary, "build", "-t", name, ".")
buildCmd.Dir = ctx.Dir
stdoutBuild, err := buildCmd.StdoutPipe()
c.Assert(err, checker.IsNil)
if err := buildCmd.Start(); err != nil {
c.Fatalf("failed to run build: %s", err)
}
matchCID := regexp.MustCompile("Running in (.+)")
scanner := bufio.NewScanner(stdoutBuild)
outputBuffer := new(bytes.Buffer)
var buildID string
for scanner.Scan() {
line := scanner.Text()
outputBuffer.WriteString(line)
outputBuffer.WriteString("\n")
if matches := matchCID.FindStringSubmatch(line); len(matches) > 0 {
buildID = matches[1]
break
}
}
if buildID == "" {
c.Fatalf("Unable to find build container id in build output:\n%s", outputBuffer.String())
}
testActions := map[string]chan bool{
"start": make(chan bool, 1),
"die": make(chan bool, 1),
}
matcher := matchEventLine(buildID, "container", testActions)
processor := processEventMatch(testActions)
go observer.Match(matcher, processor)
select {
case <-time.After(10 * time.Second):
observer.CheckEventError(c, buildID, "start", matcher)
case <-testActions["start"]:
// ignore, done
}
// Send a kill to the `docker build` command.
// Causes the underlying build to be cancelled due to socket close.
if err := buildCmd.Process.Kill(); err != nil {
c.Fatalf("error killing build command: %s", err)
}
// Get the exit status of `docker build`, check it exited because killed.
if err := buildCmd.Wait(); err != nil && !testutil.IsKilled(err) {
c.Fatalf("wait failed during build run: %T %s", err, err)
}
select {
case <-time.After(10 * time.Second):
observer.CheckEventError(c, buildID, "die", matcher)
case <-testActions["die"]:
// ignore, done
}
}
``` |
"The Yoko Factor" is the 20th episode of season 4 of the television show Buffy the Vampire Slayer. The episode aired on May 9, 2000 on The WB.
Plot
Colonel McNamara discusses with a superior how to get Riley back in the Initiative under his command and how to deal with Buffy. Spike tells Adam that Buffy is going to be difficult to defeat and he should not underestimate her. Spike talks about having already killed two Slayers (Xin Rong and Nikki Wood), yet having been unable to kill Buffy, especially because of the Initiative chip now in his head. The two plan to separate Buffy from her Slayerette friends.
Still upset about what happened between her and Angel during her visit to Los Angeles, Buffy returns from L.A. to her empty dorm room. Xander brings Riley some clothes, and they talk about their mutual distaste for Angel, Riley having been told by Buffy about her previous relationship with him. However, it emerges that she has not told him the whole truth; while Riley was aware that Angel lost his soul and became Angelus, Xander tells Riley that having sex with Buffy was the trigger that set Angelus free.
Spike visits Giles at home and offers him files inside the Initiative. Spike tells Giles that Buffy does not respect her former Watcher anymore, which upsets Giles and causes him to turn to drink. Willow and Tara play with their new kitten, Miss Kitty Fantastico, while planning their class schedule for next year. They also talk about future housing plans, but Willow has not talked with Buffy yet and is unsure what she wants to do now that things have changed so much.
Riley visits Buffy; using a radio, he has tapped into the Initiative and is aware of their actions. She mentions that Angel upset her, but she is focusing on seeking Adam, and Riley leaves. Xander and Anya bring Spike fatigues to wear and a gun. Spike enthusiastically tries to shoot Xander, only for the chip to go off in his head; the chip does not allow Spike to point weapons at people and the gun was fake. Spike makes Xander feel unwanted by convincing him that the rest of the gang does not feel he is useful.
Buffy goes patrolling and runs into Forrest, who is also looking for Adam. They argue as they go into a cave and find Adam, who launches a surprise attack. Buffy and Adam exchange a few punches and kicks: Forrest tries to step in and help, but he is pushed away by Buffy. Adam hurls the Slayer against the cave wall, and Forrest uses the opening to shoot Adam with his stun rifle. Instead of harming him, however, the voltage merely seems to refresh Adam, who then disarms and fatally stabs Forrest with his bone skewer. Her will to fight gone, Buffy flees from the cave, with Adam taking pot shots at her. Running for her life, Buffy trips and tumbles down the side of a hill; she strikes her head on a rock, knocking her unconscious.
Meanwhile, having supposedly sneaked into the Initiative to retrieve some information, Spike charges into Giles's place with the disks. However, Giles is drunk so Willow tries to decrypt the disks. Spike talks to Willow and Tara about their Wicca interest and how her friends do not seem to support it. Willow thinks he means that their friends are not accepting their romantic relationship.
Riley hears of trouble on the streets through his radio. He finds Angel fighting the commandos, and Riley refuses to let Angel go see Buffy. The two have a brutal fight, of which Angel is clearly the victor. Both run off when a military truck arrives.
Buffy returns to her dorm room and Angel shows up. As Angel speaks with Buffy, Riley barges in and raises a gun to Angel. Angel taunts Riley and the two come to blows again. Buffy separates them and wants to talk to Angel alone. Buffy scolds Angel, yet they laugh when Angel confesses he came to make up. Buffy also apologizes for being bossy. The two part on friendly terms, although Angel tells her that he does not like Riley. Riley is worried that Buffy has reunited with Angel and confesses he has learned how Angel can become Angelus. They profess their love to each other, but Buffy must give him the bad news that Forrest is dead. Riley is distraught and leaves.
Spike reports back to Adam, happy to have split up the Scooby Gang, and the damage becomes clear when their meeting at Giles's home turns into a fight. While Tara and Anya hide in the bathroom, Buffy scolds Xander for telling Riley details about her and Angel's relationship and argues that she is going to take on Adam alone. Xander complains that his friends do not need him and Willow complains that Buffy does not accept Tara, revealing their relationship, for the first time, to Xander and Giles. While Giles goes to sleep the alcohol off, Buffy leaves, telling her friends that she does not need them as she has someone else she can depend on – little realizing that Riley has gone to Adam's lair.
Critical reception
A commenter for Critically Touched Reviews praised "the successful payoff we've been waiting for all season," an "extremely well acted" and "potent" argument scene at the end, and "great characterization;" he described some scenes as "very funny and well-written" and "simply wonderful."
Noel Murray of The A.V. Club, whose "Community Grade" gave the episode an A−, wrote, "The first fifteen minutes of The Yoko Factor is like the Inglourious Basterds of Buffy episodes, offering six long, winding, evenly paced conversations, punctuated by a quiet interlude and a kitschy-but-oddly-moving musical number... [T]he episode is always at its strongest when people are just talking to each other, either because they're enjoying each other's company or trying to figure out each other out [sic]. It's nice, for example, that... writer Doug Petrie found time to show Willow and Tara talking about their plans for sophomore year, while playing with the cutest kitten ever born." While he thought "this crossover seemed a little forced," he also "felt like all the extended chatter in The Yoko Factor rang essentially true."
Two reviewers for the BBC Buffy review pages said, "This [is] what we've been waiting for. No, not the culmination of the Initiative plot. Riley vs Angel: mano a vampo. The five star celebrity un-death match... It's all great fun" and "A very cunning and different episode from Doug Petrie. Yes, Adam may still be a bit pants as a villain, but it's great seeing him and Spike plan to destroy Buffy by making her friends fight. Suddenly, all the little quirks of this season - Xander's jobs, Giles's drinking, Tara and Willow - all come together in a big, messy splat of a squabble. Magnificent stuff. It's also really great seeing Angel back in Buffy - even if it is just to see him pummelling and smirking at Riley."
References
External links
Buffy the Vampire Slayer (season 4) episodes
2000 American television episodes
Buffyverse crossover episodes |
Magdalene Hoff ( Allwicher; 29 December 1940 – 28 March 2017) was a German Social Democratic Party of Germany politician who served five terms in the European Parliament as a member of the West Germany constituency and later the constituency of Germany on behalf of the Socialist Group later the Group of the Party of European Socialists then from July 1979 to July 2004. She was vice-president of the European Parliament between 1997 and 1999. Hoff was a member of several committees such as the Committee on Budgetary Control and the Committee on Budgets. She was a recipient of the Commander's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany.
Biography
Hoff was born Magdalene Allwicher in Hagen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, on 29 December 1940. She became a member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany in 1971, and was trained as both a civil engineer and a lecturer. From 1975 to 1979, Hoff served as a member of the City Council of Hagen. Following that, she became responsible for the Working Group of Social Democratic Women in the SPD district of Western Westphalia as its district chairperson between 1982 and 1996. Hoff was also party executive for the SPD from 1994 to 1998, and was first deputy chairperson of the Group of the Social Democratic Party of Europe in the European Parliament between 1994 and 1997 and was then the European Parliament's Vice-President from 1997 to 1999.
She was elected to represent the West Germany constituency in the European Parliament on behalf of the Socialist Group at the 1979 European Parliament election in West Germany from 17 July 1979 to 23 July 1984. Hoff was member of the Committee on Budgets and was part of the Delegation to the EEC-Greece Joint Parliamentary Committee and the Delegation for relations with the countries of South Asia. At the 1984 European Parliament election in West Germany, she was reelected to serve in the Second European Parliament again representing the constituency of West Germany between 24 July 1984 and 24 July 1989. Hoff remained on the Committee on Budgets but was now a member of the Committee on Budgetary Control from 1984 to 1987, the Delegation for relations with the United States and the Delegation for relations with the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. She was a substitute for both the Committee on Women's Rights and the Committee on Budgetary Control between 1987 and 1989.
Hoff again was elected to represent the constituency of West Germany from 25 July 1989 to 18 July 1994 at the 1989 European Parliament election in West Germany, initially for the Socialist Group and then for the Group of the Party of European Socialists from 1993. She was chair of the Delegation for relations with the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics between 1989 and 1992 and the successor Delegation for relations with the Republics of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) from 1992 to 1994. Hoff was a member of the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs and Industrial Policy and the Delegation for relations with the Republics of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) before becoming its chair. She was a substitute for the Delegation for relations with Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, the Committee on Foreign Affairs and Security, the Delegation for relations with Finland, the Committee on Budgetary Control and the Committee on Budgets.
At the 1994 European Parliament election in Germany, Hoff won her fourth re-election to represent the Germany constituency at the Fourth European Parliament from 19 July 1999 to 19 July 1999. She served as vice-chair of the Group of the Party of European Socialists from 1994 to 1997 before becoming the group's member of the bureau between 1997 and 1999. Hoff was vice-chair of the Delegation for relations with Central Asia and Mongolia and was a member of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, Security and Defence Policy and the Delegation for relations with Central Asia and Mongolia. She was a substitute for the Committee on Budgetary Control, the Delegation to the EU-Slovak Republic Joint Parliamentary Committee and the Delegation to the EU-Romania Joint Parliamentary Committee.
Hoff won her fifth re-election to the European Parliament at the 1999 European Parliament election in Germany and served in the Fifth European Parliament between 20 July 1999 and 19 July 2004. She was a member of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, Human Rights, Common Security and Defence Policy and was on the Delegation for relations with the United States. Hoff was a substitute for the Committee on Culture, Youth, Education, the Media and Sport, the Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Consumer Policy and the Delegation to the EU-Lithuania Joint Parliamentary Committee. In 2001, she was awarded the Commander's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany. Hoff died on 28 March 2017 and a funeral service was held for her at the funeral hall of Friedhof Delstern on the afternoon of 3 April.
References
1940 births
2017 deaths
People from Hagen
20th-century German women politicians
20th-century women MEPs for Germany
21st-century German women politicians
21st-century women MEPs for Germany
MEPs for Germany 1979–1984
MEPs for Germany 1984–1989
MEPs for Germany 1989–1994
MEPs for Germany 1994–1999
MEPs for Germany 1999–2004
Social Democratic Party of Germany MEPs
German civil engineers
German women educators
20th-century German educators
21st-century German educators
Commanders Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
21st-century German women educators
20th-century German women educators |
The Aiguille de Rochefort (4,001 m) is a mountain in the Mont Blanc massif in France and Italy. The peak lies on the Rochefort arête between the Dent du Géant and the Grandes Jorasses and is usually climbed during a traverse of the ridge.
The first ascent of the peak was by James Eccles and guides Alphonse and Michel Payot on 14 August 1873.
References
External links
The Aiguille de Rochefort on SummitPost
Alpine four-thousanders
Mountains of the Alps
Mountains of Haute-Savoie
Mountains of Aosta Valley
France–Italy border
International mountains of Europe
Mont Blanc massif |
Paulescu is a patronymic surname of Romanian origin. Notable people with the surname include:
Nicolae Paulescu (1869–1931), Romanian physiologist and discoverer of insulin
Sam Paulescu (born 1984), American football punter
Romanian-language surnames
Surnames from given names |
Eileen Alma Richards (nee Whalley; April 13, 1923 – February 3, 2015) was a Canadian speed skater. During her career, Whalley earned provincial, national and North American championship titles. She was posthumously inducted into Canada's Sports Hall of Fame.
Early life
Whalley was born on April 13, 1923, in Manitoba, Canada. She was born to parents Ellen Belle and Robert Whalley.
Career
After seeing her older brother Evan compete in speed skating, Whalley started racing competitively in 1938. Her first win was during the Winnipeg city championship in the Grade 9 relay. She soon moved up to the intermediate division where she competed in the Minneapolis trials and the Silver-Skae inter-club meet.
By 1942, Whalley was promoted to the senior level and she subsequently won the Winnipeg Club Championship and international senior Manitoba meet. Between 1943 and 1945, Whalley won the 10,000 Lakes international event in St. Paul, Minnesota, for three consecutive years. After her first win in 1943, she was presented with a gold locket by club president J. Nellson. Following her third consecutive win at the 10,000 Lakes international event, Whalley was a runner up for the Lou Marsh Trophy in 1946.
While men were sent overseas during WW2, Whalley was co-champion in the Senior Ladies Manitoba Open competition which she won four times from 1943 until 1946. In 1944, after winning the Senior Lady aggregate cup, Manitoba Hotel cup, and Ten Thousand Lakes meet Whalley was presented with Outstanding Lady Skater Award by the Winnipeg Speed Skating Association. In 1945, Richards became the only Canadian to win the Detroit Times 25th Annual Gold Skates Derby and the Harry Carl Trophy. She also captured the Wyandotte Michigan Gold Cup Senior Women's Championship that same year. However, this fact was lost in history until 1989 as the Toronto Star had misprinted the first Canadian winner of the Gold Skates award in the annual Detroit Gold-Silver Derby. In 1989, the Star printed that Ozzie Martin was the first, instead of Whalley. When the reporter called the president of the Detroit Gold-Silver Derby, he claimed that "no Canadian could have won the award before 1970 because the contest was closed to foreigners until then." However, upon checking older record, it was found that Whalley was the first Canadian to win the Gold Skates.
After the war, Whalley competed in the 1946 North American championships where she earned the senior women's crown while also setting a new record for the 440-yard event by completing it in 43 seconds. She also beat the previous 800 record set by Gladys Robinson in 1923, with a time of 1.46 2/5. This would however come to be her last competitive event as in November 1947, she married Donald Gair. As a result, she missed a month with the Winnipeg Skating Club. Whalley eventually moved to Toronto with her husband, and retired from speed skating.
However, after Whalley was widowed in 1962 by her husband Donald Gair, she became engaged to Kenneth Richards on September 11, 1963.
In 2001, she joined her aunt Lillian Simpson and sister-in-law Joan Whalley in the Manitoba Sports Hall of Fame and Museum. In 2015, after her death, she was inducted into Canada's Sports Hall of Fame.
References
1923 births
2015 deaths
Canadian female speed skaters
Sportspeople from Manitoba
Manitoba Sports Hall of Fame inductees |
Éric Guyot (born 10 March 1962) is a French former professional racing cyclist. He rode in one edition of the Tour de France and four editions of the Vuelta a España.
References
External links
1962 births
Living people
French male cyclists
Sportspeople from Belfort
Cyclists from Bourgogne-Franche-Comté |
Dingle Wood () is a biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in Gloucestershire, notified in 1972. The site is listed in the 'Forest of Dean Local Plan Review' as a Key Wildlife Site (KWS).
The wood is located within the Forest of Dean Forest Park and the Wye Valley Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.
Location
The Forest of Dean has been an area for timber production for hundreds of years. This has been maintained by careful planting and woodland management regimes. There is a mosaic of woodland types. The central region of the Dean lies on Coal Measures of the Carboniferous time period. This supports Oak and the ground flora is lime-hating. Around this central area are the Carboniferous limestones and Devonian sandstones. These produce fertile soils and support a variety of woodland types with a richer ground flora.
Woodland types and ground flora
Dingle Wood is a planted woodland but considered to be an example of the best type of woodland habitat. Types of trees include Oak, Ash, Beech, some Cherry and Rowan. Shrubs include Holly, Yew, Field Maple and Hazel.
The wood to the east is dominated by Bramble, Bluebell, Wood Anemone, Wood Sorrel and Ivy. The wood to the west has uneven terrain, and deep pits (Scowles) from old iron workings, and supports uncommon plants, for example Herb Paris, Common Wintergreen, Bird's Nest Orchid and the Greater Butterfly Orchid.
References
SSSI Source
Natural England SSSI information on the citation
Natural England SSSI information on the Dingle Wood unit
External links
Natural England (SSSI information)
Forestry Commission
Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Gloucestershire
Sites of Special Scientific Interest notified in 1972
Forest of Dean
Forests and woodlands of Gloucestershire
River Wye |
The striated grasswren (Amytornis striatus) is a small, cryptically coloured ground-dwelling species of wren-like bird in the family Maluridae, endemic to Australia. It occupies a large discontinuous range across arid and semi-arid areas of western, central and southern Australia where it is associated with spinifex (Triodia) grass.
Description
The striated grasswren is one of 13 species in the genus Amytornis, commonly known as the grasswrens, found only in arid and semi-arid areas of Australia. All are small cryptic birds with long, usually cocked-tails, characterised by diagnostic distinctive interscapular gap in the feathering, an enlarged auditory bulla (tympanic chambers) and ten rectrices.
The striated grasswren is a slim, long-tailed grasswren with a slender pointed bill. The plumage is highly variable across its range, suited to local soil and rock colour; birds are slightly sexually dimorphic; females have a brighter rufous flank-patch. All populations are soft red-brown above, streaked white; an orange-buff eyebrow and fore-supercilium; white throat; bold black submostachial stripe; and buffish underbody.
Like other grasswrens they have short rounded wings and are unable to undertake long flights, typically flitting or hopping from perch to perch within vegetation, and run or hop when on the ground in a series of fast jerky movements. While closely related to the familiar fairy-wrens (Malurinae) striated grasswrens are larger (17-20g c.f. 6-16g), and more sombrely coloured, with varyingly prominent white streaking on varying shades of brown, rufous and black plumage.
Striated grasswrens are usually seen as pairs, but sometimes as individuals, and often in small groups of up to five birds, which are unobtrusive, shy, and typically difficult to approach, often first detected by their calls. When breeding, birds may be inquisitive of intruders of their territory.
Ecology and behavior
Distribution and habitat
Striated grasswrens are the most widespread of the grasswrens, with a range which extends from through northern South Australia, across central and southwestern New South Wales, northwest Victoria and into southern and eastern South Australia.
Populations of striated grasswren are strongly associated with sandplains, dunes and stony hills dominated by spinifex (Triodia) grass, with or without an overstorey of shrubs such as grevillea, Hakea, acacia, banksia or mallee eucalypts. Spinifex provides critical habitat for foraging and protective nesting and cover for this species, and also for most other species of grasswren. Striated grasswrens have been shown to have a preference for areas with large hummocks of spinifex, 25–40 years post-fire, though birds have been found to occupy some areas 6 to 8 years after fire.
Behaviour
Striated grasswrens may be active throughout the day, and in warm temperatures (over 35 °C) may be observed thermoregulating by holding wings partly open, but are generally more active in the early morning and late afternoon.
Like other grasswrens, striated grasswrens mainly forage on the ground, sifting through leaf-litter beneath shrubs and surrounding spinifex Triodia tussocks, never far from cover. While foraging, birds move mainly by hopping, with tail held almost vertical; when moving through shrubs and dense vegetation, the tail is held horizontal. When disturbed in the open, they move with great speed and agility from cover-to-cover with a half-bounding half-flying action reminiscent of a bouncing ball.
Diet
Striated grasswrens are insectivorous and granivorous, foraging on the ground amongst leaf-litter and open areas, and gleaning from the foliage of herbs, forbs and low shrubs for primarily beetles and ants, and seeds of spinifex (Triodia) and other plants. Striated grasswrens have been often observed to form foraging associations with other bird species including rufous-crowned emu-wren (Stipiturus ruficeps), willie wagtail (Rhipidura leucophyrus) and variegated fairy-wren (Malurus lamberti).
Reproduction and social organisation
Striated grasswrens are most often recorded in pairs, and sometimes in groups of 3 and up to 10 birds, it is believed that pairs or family congregations may be more common outside of breeding season, and may range more widely over suitable areas of habitat. The cooperative breeding seen in other Maluridae has not been recorded in the wild in striated grasswrens.
In captivity, members of family groups have been observed to allopreen and sunbathe together on branches, bathe in dry soil and fine water mists, and chase one-another around. Breeding is typically between July and November, but breeding outside of the usual period is likely to occur in response to sufficient rainfall, particularly in central and northern Australia.
Nest is a bulky domed structure of spinifex spines, lined with bark strips, grass, plant down and feathers, close to the ground and well concealed, usually in a spinifex tussock. Eggs are rounded oval, white to pinkish white, finely textured and sparsely marked with purplish-red spots and blotches, mainly at the larger end. A clutch of 2, rarely 3 eggs is incubated by the female for 13–14 days. Upon hatching, both parents observed to be equally active in the feeding of chicks, and removal of faecal sacs. Chicks fledge at 12–14 days, and remain hidden in dense cover close to the nest for 3–4 days, not gaining full independence for a further 3 to 4 weeks.
Striated grasswren nests are known to be parasitized by Horsfield's bronze cuckoo (Chrysococcyx basalis), black-eared cuckoo (Chrysococcyx osculans) and fan-tailed cuckoo (Cacomantis flabelliformis).
Call
Striated grasswrens are recognised as having three calls: a contact call, song and an alarm call.
The contact call has been described as a regularly uttered high pitched seep, see-see or tseee-tseet, which is very soft and may be inaudible in moderate winds.
The song is diagnostic and much louder than contact calls, and may be audible for up to 40 m. It is described as a sweet, rippling wren-like reel, lasting up to 10 seconds, varying in pitch and consisting of whistles, buzzes, twangs and staccato notes, is uttered far less frequently, and has been observed singing from an exposed branch with its open bill pointing skywards.
The alarm call is described as a series of short, loud, harsh single notes, transliterated as jit-jit or tchiritt, given when birds are flushed from cover.
Taxonomy and systematics
The striated grasswren (Amytornis striatus) is a Passeriform in the Maluridae Family, which is shared with the familiar Australian and New Guinean fairy-wrens. It is one of 13 species of grasswren currently recognised in the subfamily Amytornithae, all within the Genus Amytornis, and confined to mainland Australia. The species was first described by John Gould in 1840 from a specimen collected on the Liverpool Plains of NSW.
The scientific name of this species translates the genus Amytornis from Greek ‘Amytis bird’ Amytis being an ancient Persian female name with no direct link to the species, while ornis translates to ‘bird’ directly from Greek. The specific name refers to the heavily streaked upperparts, from Modern Latin striatus striped, streaked, which is in turn from Latin stria, a line.
Conservation status
Threats
Clearing of large areas for agriculture in the southeast of this species range have caused the direct loss of some populations and fragmentation of remnant areas of habitat, reducing the size of these populations rendering them more vulnerable to genetic effects and change events such as fire and drought. Striated grasswrens are vulnerable to large wildfires which cause direct mortalities of these weak flying species, and remove critical habitat and protection from predators, birds show a preference for areas with large hummocks of spinifex, 25–40 years post-fire, though birds have been found to occupy some areas 6 to 8 years after fire. Grazing by introduced herbivores affects habitat structure and is likely to contribute to population declines. Predation from introduced foxes and cats, particularly where populations have already declined, or are exposed by small areas of habitat following land clearance or fire.
Conservation status by state
The striated grasswren is listed as near threatened nationally under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act and within Victoria under the DELP Advisory List; and vulnerable in NSW under the Threatened Species Conservation Act and South Australia under the National Parks and Wildlife Act.
Future management
The management of fire to reduce the incidence of large wildfires removing vast areas of habitat, through prescribed burning and avoidance of anthropogenic fire is critical to the maintenance of areas of suitable habitat. Reduced stocking rates of introduced herbivores, particularly goats, and exclusion of these from some areas, to allow adequate regeneration of vegetation. Control of exotic pest species such as cats, foxes and rabbits reduces the threat of predation, and competition for resources.
References
External links
striated grasswren
Endemic birds of Australia
striated grasswren
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
Ahuriri is a suburb of the city of Napier, in the Hawke's Bay region of New Zealand's eastern North Island.
The area was a major site of Māori and European settlement, and the site of the Port of Napier until the 1931 Hawke's Bay earthquake. It has since been redeveloped as a mixed commercial and residential area.
Demographics
Ahuriri covers and had an estimated population of as of with a population density of people per km2.
Ahuriri had a population of 1,161 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 72 people (6.6%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 303 people (35.3%) since the 2006 census. There were 510 households, comprising 528 males and 630 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.84 males per female. The median age was 59.4 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 108 people (9.3%) aged under 15 years, 138 (11.9%) aged 15 to 29, 432 (37.2%) aged 30 to 64, and 486 (41.9%) aged 65 or older.
Ethnicities were 92.0% European/Pākehā, 10.6% Māori, 0.8% Pacific peoples, 2.8% Asian, and 1.6% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.
The percentage of people born overseas was 18.3, compared with 27.1% nationally.
Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 45.0% had no religion, 44.7% were Christian, 0.8% had Māori religious beliefs, 0.8% were Hindu, 0.3% were Muslim, 0.3% were Buddhist and 1.6% had other religions.
Of those at least 15 years old, 231 (21.9%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 195 (18.5%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $31,300, compared with $31,800 nationally. 189 people (17.9%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 417 (39.6%) people were employed full-time, 114 (10.8%) were part-time, and 21 (2.0%) were unemployed.
Education
Port Ahuriri School is co-educational Year 1-6 state primary school, with a roll of as of The school started in 1868.
References
Suburbs of Napier, New Zealand
Populated places around Hawke Bay |
Carex brizoides, the quaking sedge or quaking-grass sedge, is a species in the genus Carex, native to central and southern Europe. Even where it is a native species, in disturbed woodlands it tends to behave invasively, forming a thick layer on the forest floor and reducing species diversity.
References
brizoides
Flora of Europe
Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
Plants described in 1755 |
In enzymology, a hyoscyamine (6S)-dioxygenase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
L-hyoscyamine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 (6S)-hydroxyhyoscyamine + succinate + CO2
The 3 substrates of this enzyme are L-hyoscyamine, 2-oxoglutarate, and O2, whereas its 3 products are (6S)-hydroxyhyoscyamine, succinate, and CO2.
This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with 2-oxoglutarate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom o oxygen into each donor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is L-hyoscyamine,2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase ((6S)-hydroxylating). Other names in common use include hyoscyamine 6beta-hydroxylase, hyoscyamine 6beta-dioxygenase, and hyoscyamine 6-hydroxylase. This enzyme participates in alkaloid biosynthesis ii. It has 2 cofactors: iron, and Ascorbate.
References
EC 1.14.11
Iron enzymes
Ascorbate enzymes
Enzymes of unknown structure |
La Grande Ruine (3,765 m) is a mountain in Hautes-Alpes, France. It belongs to the Massif des Écrins in the Dauphiné Alps and is located in the heart of the wilderness of the Écrins National Park roughly halfway between its illustrious neighbours Barre des Écrins and Meije. The mountain has two different summits, the Pointe Brevoort at 3,765 m to the south and
Pic Maître at 3,726 m to the north.
Climbing
The normal route to the summit starts from the tiny village of Villar-d'Arêne near the Col du Lautaret. Despite its height and steepness the mountain is relatively easy to climb. The reward from the top is a great view across the Dauphiné Alps, which includes the mighty north face of the Barre des Écrins.
References
Alpine three-thousanders
Mountains of Hautes-Alpes
Mountains of the Alps |
Zhang Yiyi (; born September 2, 1993, in Beijing) is a Chinese ice dancer. Her partner is Wu Nan.
Programs
(with Wu)
Competitive highlights
(with Wu)
References
External links
1993 births
Living people
Chinese female ice dancers
Figure skaters from Beijing
Competitors at the 2013 Winter Universiade
Competitors at the 2011 Winter Universiade |
John Donaldson was born at Edinburgh in 1737, and distinguished himself as a miniature painter, both in enamel and water-colours. In the year 1764, and again in 1768, he obtained the premium given by the Society of Arts for the best picture in enamel. He occasionally amused himself with the point, and etched several plates of beggars, after Rembrandt, which possess considerable merit. He died in London in 1801.
References
18th-century Scottish painters
Scottish male painters
1737 births
1801 deaths
Painters from Edinburgh
Portrait miniaturists |
```c++
#include "Cloud.h"
#include "Random.h"
#include "TextureManager.h"
void Cloud::initRand()
{
RandomDouble r;
position_.x = r.rand_int(max_X_);
position_.y = r.rand_int(max_Y_);
speed_x_ = 1 + r.rand_int(3);
speed_y_ = 0;
num_ = r.rand_int(num_style_);
alpha_ = 64 + r.rand_int(192);
color_ = { (uint8_t)(r.rand_int(256)), (uint8_t)(r.rand_int(256)), (uint8_t)(r.rand_int(256)), 255 };
}
void Cloud::setPositionOnScreen(int x, int y, int Center_X, int Center_Y)
{
x_ = position_.x - (-y * 18 + x * 18 + max_X_ / 2 - Center_X);
y_ = position_.y - (y * 9 + x * 9 + 9 - Center_Y);
}
void Cloud::draw()
{
TextureManager::getInstance()->renderTexture("cloud", num_, x_, y_, color_, alpha_);
}
void Cloud::flow()
{
position_.x += speed_x_;
position_.y += speed_y_;
auto p = position_;
if (p.x < 0 || p.x > max_X_ || p.y < 0 || p.y > max_Y_)
{
initRand();
}
if (p.x < 0) { position_.x = max_X_; }
if (p.x > max_X_) { position_.x = 0; }
if (p.y < 0) { position_.y = max_Y_; }
if (p.y > max_Y_) { position_.y = 0; }
}
``` |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.