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```yaml
#
#
# path_to_url
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
---
apiVersion: apiextensions.k8s.io/v1
kind: CustomResourceDefinition
metadata:
labels:
operator.kubevirt.io: ""
name: kubevirts.kubevirt.io
spec:
group: kubevirt.io
names:
categories:
- all
kind: KubeVirt
plural: kubevirts
shortNames:
- kv
- kvs
singular: kubevirt
scope: Namespaced
versions:
- additionalPrinterColumns:
- jsonPath: .metadata.creationTimestamp
name: Age
type: date
- jsonPath: .status.phase
name: Phase
type: string
name: v1
schema:
openAPIV3Schema:
description: KubeVirt represents the object deploying all KubeVirt resources
properties:
apiVersion:
description: 'APIVersion defines the versioned schema of this representation of an object. Servers should convert recognized schemas to the latest internal value, and may reject unrecognized values. More info: path_to_url#resources'
type: string
kind:
description: 'Kind is a string value representing the REST resource this object represents. Servers may infer this from the endpoint the client submits requests to. Cannot be updated. In CamelCase. More info: path_to_url#types-kinds'
type: string
metadata:
type: object
spec:
properties:
certificateRotateStrategy:
properties:
selfSigned:
properties:
ca:
description: CA configuration CA certs are kept in the CA bundle as long as they are valid
properties:
duration:
description: The requested 'duration' (i.e. lifetime) of the Certificate.
type: string
renewBefore:
description: The amount of time before the currently issued certificate's "notAfter" time that we will begin to attempt to renew the certificate.
type: string
type: object
caOverlapInterval:
description: Deprecated. Use CA.Duration and CA.RenewBefore instead
type: string
caRotateInterval:
description: Deprecated. Use CA.Duration instead
type: string
certRotateInterval:
description: Deprecated. Use Server.Duration instead
type: string
server:
description: Server configuration Certs are rotated and discarded
properties:
duration:
description: The requested 'duration' (i.e. lifetime) of the Certificate.
type: string
renewBefore:
description: The amount of time before the currently issued certificate's "notAfter" time that we will begin to attempt to renew the certificate.
type: string
type: object
type: object
type: object
configuration:
description: holds kubevirt configurations. same as the virt-configMap
properties:
additionalGuestMemoryOverheadRatio:
description: AdditionalGuestMemoryOverheadRatio can be used to increase the virtualization infrastructure overhead. This is useful, since the calculation of this overhead is not accurate and cannot be entirely known in advance. The ratio that is being set determines by which factor to increase the overhead calculated by Kubevirt. A higher ratio means that the VMs would be less compromised by node pressures, but would mean that fewer VMs could be scheduled to a node. If not set, the default is 1.
type: string
apiConfiguration:
description: ReloadableComponentConfiguration holds all generic k8s configuration options which can be reloaded by components without requiring a restart.
properties:
restClient:
description: RestClient can be used to tune certain aspects of the k8s client in use.
properties:
rateLimiter:
description: RateLimiter allows selecting and configuring different rate limiters for the k8s client.
properties:
tokenBucketRateLimiter:
properties:
burst:
description: Maximum burst for throttle. If it's zero, the component default will be used
type: integer
qps:
description: QPS indicates the maximum QPS to the apiserver from this client. If it's zero, the component default will be used
type: number
required:
- burst
- qps
type: object
type: object
type: object
type: object
architectureConfiguration:
properties:
amd64:
properties:
emulatedMachines:
items:
type: string
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
machineType:
type: string
ovmfPath:
type: string
type: object
arm64:
properties:
emulatedMachines:
items:
type: string
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
machineType:
type: string
ovmfPath:
type: string
type: object
defaultArchitecture:
type: string
ppc64le:
properties:
emulatedMachines:
items:
type: string
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
machineType:
type: string
ovmfPath:
type: string
type: object
type: object
autoCPULimitNamespaceLabelSelector:
description: When set, AutoCPULimitNamespaceLabelSelector will set a CPU limit on virt-launcher for VMIs running inside namespaces that match the label selector. The CPU limit will equal the number of requested vCPUs. This setting does not apply to VMIs with dedicated CPUs.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
controllerConfiguration:
description: ReloadableComponentConfiguration holds all generic k8s configuration options which can be reloaded by components without requiring a restart.
properties:
restClient:
description: RestClient can be used to tune certain aspects of the k8s client in use.
properties:
rateLimiter:
description: RateLimiter allows selecting and configuring different rate limiters for the k8s client.
properties:
tokenBucketRateLimiter:
properties:
burst:
description: Maximum burst for throttle. If it's zero, the component default will be used
type: integer
qps:
description: QPS indicates the maximum QPS to the apiserver from this client. If it's zero, the component default will be used
type: number
required:
- burst
- qps
type: object
type: object
type: object
type: object
cpuModel:
type: string
cpuRequest:
anyOf:
- type: integer
- type: string
pattern: ^(\+|-)?(([0-9]+(\.[0-9]*)?)|(\.[0-9]+))(([KMGTPE]i)|[numkMGTPE]|([eE](\+|-)?(([0-9]+(\.[0-9]*)?)|(\.[0-9]+))))?$
x-kubernetes-int-or-string: true
defaultRuntimeClass:
type: string
developerConfiguration:
description: DeveloperConfiguration holds developer options
properties:
cpuAllocationRatio:
description: 'For each requested virtual CPU, CPUAllocationRatio defines how much physical CPU to request per VMI from the hosting node. The value is in fraction of a CPU thread (or core on non-hyperthreaded nodes). For example, a value of 1 means 1 physical CPU thread per VMI CPU thread. A value of 100 would be 1% of a physical thread allocated for each requested VMI thread. This option has no effect on VMIs that request dedicated CPUs. More information at: path_to_url#node-cpu-allocation-ratio Defaults to 10'
type: integer
diskVerification:
description: DiskVerification holds container disks verification limits
properties:
memoryLimit:
anyOf:
- type: integer
- type: string
pattern: ^(\+|-)?(([0-9]+(\.[0-9]*)?)|(\.[0-9]+))(([KMGTPE]i)|[numkMGTPE]|([eE](\+|-)?(([0-9]+(\.[0-9]*)?)|(\.[0-9]+))))?$
x-kubernetes-int-or-string: true
required:
- memoryLimit
type: object
featureGates:
description: FeatureGates is the list of experimental features to enable. Defaults to none
items:
type: string
type: array
logVerbosity:
description: LogVerbosity sets log verbosity level of various components
properties:
nodeVerbosity:
additionalProperties:
type: integer
description: NodeVerbosity represents a map of nodes with a specific verbosity level
type: object
virtAPI:
type: integer
virtController:
type: integer
virtHandler:
type: integer
virtLauncher:
type: integer
virtOperator:
type: integer
type: object
memoryOvercommit:
description: MemoryOvercommit is the percentage of memory we want to give VMIs compared to the amount given to its parent pod (virt-launcher). For example, a value of 102 means the VMI will "see" 2% more memory than its parent pod. Values under 100 are effectively "undercommits". Overcommits can lead to memory exhaustion, which in turn can lead to crashes. Use carefully. Defaults to 100
type: integer
minimumClusterTSCFrequency:
description: Allow overriding the automatically determined minimum TSC frequency of the cluster and fixate the minimum to this frequency.
format: int64
type: integer
minimumReservePVCBytes:
description: MinimumReservePVCBytes is the amount of space, in bytes, to leave unused on disks. Defaults to 131072 (128KiB)
format: int64
type: integer
nodeSelectors:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: NodeSelectors allows restricting VMI creation to nodes that match a set of labels. Defaults to none
type: object
pvcTolerateLessSpaceUpToPercent:
description: LessPVCSpaceToleration determines how much smaller, in percentage, disk PVCs are allowed to be compared to the requested size (to account for various overheads). Defaults to 10
type: integer
useEmulation:
description: UseEmulation can be set to true to allow fallback to software emulation in case hardware-assisted emulation is not available. Defaults to false
type: boolean
type: object
emulatedMachines:
items:
type: string
type: array
evictionStrategy:
description: EvictionStrategy defines at the cluster level if the VirtualMachineInstance should be migrated instead of shut-off in case of a node drain. If the VirtualMachineInstance specific field is set it overrides the cluster level one.
type: string
handlerConfiguration:
description: ReloadableComponentConfiguration holds all generic k8s configuration options which can be reloaded by components without requiring a restart.
properties:
restClient:
description: RestClient can be used to tune certain aspects of the k8s client in use.
properties:
rateLimiter:
description: RateLimiter allows selecting and configuring different rate limiters for the k8s client.
properties:
tokenBucketRateLimiter:
properties:
burst:
description: Maximum burst for throttle. If it's zero, the component default will be used
type: integer
qps:
description: QPS indicates the maximum QPS to the apiserver from this client. If it's zero, the component default will be used
type: number
required:
- burst
- qps
type: object
type: object
type: object
type: object
imagePullPolicy:
description: PullPolicy describes a policy for if/when to pull a container image
type: string
ksmConfiguration:
description: KSMConfiguration holds the information regarding the enabling the KSM in the nodes (if available).
properties:
nodeLabelSelector:
description: NodeLabelSelector is a selector that filters in which nodes the KSM will be enabled. Empty NodeLabelSelector will enable ksm for every node.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
type: object
liveUpdateConfiguration:
description: LiveUpdateConfiguration holds defaults for live update features
properties:
maxCpuSockets:
description: MaxCpuSockets holds the maximum amount of sockets that can be hotplugged
format: int32
type: integer
maxGuest:
anyOf:
- type: integer
- type: string
description: MaxGuest defines the maximum amount memory that can be allocated to the guest using hotplug.
pattern: ^(\+|-)?(([0-9]+(\.[0-9]*)?)|(\.[0-9]+))(([KMGTPE]i)|[numkMGTPE]|([eE](\+|-)?(([0-9]+(\.[0-9]*)?)|(\.[0-9]+))))?$
x-kubernetes-int-or-string: true
maxHotplugRatio:
description: 'MaxHotplugRatio is the ratio used to define the max amount of a hotplug resource that can be made available to a VM when the specific Max* setting is not defined (MaxCpuSockets, MaxGuest) Example: VM is configured with 512Mi of guest memory, if MaxGuest is not defined and MaxHotplugRatio is 2 then MaxGuest = 1Gi defaults to 4'
format: int32
type: integer
type: object
machineType:
description: Deprecated. Use architectureConfiguration instead.
type: string
mediatedDevicesConfiguration:
description: MediatedDevicesConfiguration holds information about MDEV types to be defined, if available
properties:
mediatedDeviceTypes:
items:
type: string
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
mediatedDevicesTypes:
description: Deprecated. Use mediatedDeviceTypes instead.
items:
type: string
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
nodeMediatedDeviceTypes:
items:
description: NodeMediatedDeviceTypesConfig holds information about MDEV types to be defined in a specific node that matches the NodeSelector field.
properties:
mediatedDeviceTypes:
items:
type: string
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
mediatedDevicesTypes:
description: Deprecated. Use mediatedDeviceTypes instead.
items:
type: string
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
nodeSelector:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: 'NodeSelector is a selector which must be true for the vmi to fit on a node. Selector which must match a node''s labels for the vmi to be scheduled on that node. More info: path_to_url
type: object
required:
- nodeSelector
type: object
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
type: object
memBalloonStatsPeriod:
format: int32
type: integer
migrations:
description: MigrationConfiguration holds migration options. Can be overridden for specific groups of VMs though migration policies. Visit path_to_url for more information.
properties:
allowAutoConverge:
description: AllowAutoConverge allows the platform to compromise performance/availability of VMIs to guarantee successful VMI live migrations. Defaults to false
type: boolean
allowPostCopy:
description: AllowPostCopy enables post-copy live migrations. Such migrations allow even the busiest VMIs to successfully live-migrate. However, events like a network failure can cause a VMI crash. If set to true, migrations will still start in pre-copy, but switch to post-copy when CompletionTimeoutPerGiB triggers. Defaults to false
type: boolean
bandwidthPerMigration:
anyOf:
- type: integer
- type: string
description: BandwidthPerMigration limits the amount of network bandwidth live migrations are allowed to use. The value is in quantity per second. Defaults to 0 (no limit)
pattern: ^(\+|-)?(([0-9]+(\.[0-9]*)?)|(\.[0-9]+))(([KMGTPE]i)|[numkMGTPE]|([eE](\+|-)?(([0-9]+(\.[0-9]*)?)|(\.[0-9]+))))?$
x-kubernetes-int-or-string: true
completionTimeoutPerGiB:
description: CompletionTimeoutPerGiB is the maximum number of seconds per GiB a migration is allowed to take. If a live-migration takes longer to migrate than this value multiplied by the size of the VMI, the migration will be cancelled, unless AllowPostCopy is true. Defaults to 800
format: int64
type: integer
disableTLS:
description: When set to true, DisableTLS will disable the additional layer of live migration encryption provided by KubeVirt. This is usually a bad idea. Defaults to false
type: boolean
matchSELinuxLevelOnMigration:
description: By default, the SELinux level of target virt-launcher pods is forced to the level of the source virt-launcher. When set to true, MatchSELinuxLevelOnMigration lets the CRI auto-assign a random level to the target. That will ensure the target virt-launcher doesn't share categories with another pod on the node. However, migrations will fail when using RWX volumes that don't automatically deal with SELinux levels.
type: boolean
network:
description: Network is the name of the CNI network to use for live migrations. By default, migrations go through the pod network.
type: string
nodeDrainTaintKey:
description: 'NodeDrainTaintKey defines the taint key that indicates a node should be drained. Note: this option relies on the deprecated node taint feature. Default: kubevirt.io/drain'
type: string
parallelMigrationsPerCluster:
description: ParallelMigrationsPerCluster is the total number of concurrent live migrations allowed cluster-wide. Defaults to 5
format: int32
type: integer
parallelOutboundMigrationsPerNode:
description: ParallelOutboundMigrationsPerNode is the maximum number of concurrent outgoing live migrations allowed per node. Defaults to 2
format: int32
type: integer
progressTimeout:
description: ProgressTimeout is the maximum number of seconds a live migration is allowed to make no progress. Hitting this timeout means a migration transferred 0 data for that many seconds. The migration is then considered stuck and therefore cancelled. Defaults to 150
format: int64
type: integer
unsafeMigrationOverride:
description: UnsafeMigrationOverride allows live migrations to occur even if the compatibility check indicates the migration will be unsafe to the guest. Defaults to false
type: boolean
type: object
minCPUModel:
type: string
network:
description: NetworkConfiguration holds network options
properties:
binding:
additionalProperties:
properties:
domainAttachmentType:
description: 'DomainAttachmentType is a standard domain network attachment method kubevirt supports. Supported values: "tap". The standard domain attachment can be used instead or in addition to the sidecarImage. version: 1alphav1'
type: string
networkAttachmentDefinition:
description: 'NetworkAttachmentDefinition references to a NetworkAttachmentDefinition CR object. Format: <name>, <namespace>/<name>. If namespace is not specified, VMI namespace is assumed. version: 1alphav1'
type: string
sidecarImage:
description: 'SidecarImage references a container image that runs in the virt-launcher pod. The sidecar handles (libvirt) domain configuration and optional services. version: 1alphav1'
type: string
type: object
type: object
defaultNetworkInterface:
type: string
permitBridgeInterfaceOnPodNetwork:
type: boolean
permitSlirpInterface:
type: boolean
type: object
obsoleteCPUModels:
additionalProperties:
type: boolean
type: object
ovmfPath:
type: string
permittedHostDevices:
description: PermittedHostDevices holds information about devices allowed for passthrough
properties:
mediatedDevices:
items:
description: MediatedHostDevice represents a host mediated device allowed for passthrough
properties:
externalResourceProvider:
type: boolean
mdevNameSelector:
type: string
resourceName:
type: string
required:
- mdevNameSelector
- resourceName
type: object
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
pciHostDevices:
items:
description: PciHostDevice represents a host PCI device allowed for passthrough
properties:
externalResourceProvider:
description: If true, KubeVirt will leave the allocation and monitoring to an external device plugin
type: boolean
pciVendorSelector:
description: The vendor_id:product_id tuple of the PCI device
type: string
resourceName:
description: The name of the resource that is representing the device. Exposed by a device plugin and requested by VMs. Typically of the form vendor.com/product_name
type: string
required:
- pciVendorSelector
- resourceName
type: object
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
usb:
items:
properties:
externalResourceProvider:
description: If true, KubeVirt will leave the allocation and monitoring to an external device plugin
type: boolean
resourceName:
description: 'Identifies the list of USB host devices. e.g: kubevirt.io/storage, kubevirt.io/bootable-usb, etc'
type: string
selectors:
items:
properties:
product:
type: string
vendor:
type: string
required:
- product
- vendor
type: object
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
required:
- resourceName
type: object
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
type: object
seccompConfiguration:
description: SeccompConfiguration holds Seccomp configuration for Kubevirt components
properties:
virtualMachineInstanceProfile:
description: VirtualMachineInstanceProfile defines what profile should be used with virt-launcher. Defaults to none
properties:
customProfile:
description: CustomProfile allows to request arbitrary profile for virt-launcher
properties:
localhostProfile:
type: string
runtimeDefaultProfile:
type: boolean
type: object
type: object
type: object
selinuxLauncherType:
type: string
smbios:
properties:
family:
type: string
manufacturer:
type: string
product:
type: string
sku:
type: string
version:
type: string
type: object
supportContainerResources:
description: SupportContainerResources specifies the resource requirements for various types of supporting containers such as container disks/virtiofs/sidecars and hotplug attachment pods. If omitted a sensible default will be supplied.
items:
description: SupportContainerResources are used to specify the cpu/memory request and limits for the containers that support various features of Virtual Machines. These containers are usually idle and don't require a lot of memory or cpu.
properties:
resources:
description: ResourceRequirements describes the compute resource requirements.
properties:
claims:
description: "Claims lists the names of resources, defined in spec.resourceClaims, that are used by this container. \n This is an alpha field and requires enabling the DynamicResourceAllocation feature gate. \n This field is immutable. It can only be set for containers."
items:
description: ResourceClaim references one entry in PodSpec.ResourceClaims.
properties:
name:
description: Name must match the name of one entry in pod.spec.resourceClaims of the Pod where this field is used. It makes that resource available inside a container.
type: string
required:
- name
type: object
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-map-keys:
- name
x-kubernetes-list-type: map
limits:
additionalProperties:
anyOf:
- type: integer
- type: string
pattern: ^(\+|-)?(([0-9]+(\.[0-9]*)?)|(\.[0-9]+))(([KMGTPE]i)|[numkMGTPE]|([eE](\+|-)?(([0-9]+(\.[0-9]*)?)|(\.[0-9]+))))?$
x-kubernetes-int-or-string: true
description: 'Limits describes the maximum amount of compute resources allowed. More info: path_to_url
type: object
requests:
additionalProperties:
anyOf:
- type: integer
- type: string
pattern: ^(\+|-)?(([0-9]+(\.[0-9]*)?)|(\.[0-9]+))(([KMGTPE]i)|[numkMGTPE]|([eE](\+|-)?(([0-9]+(\.[0-9]*)?)|(\.[0-9]+))))?$
x-kubernetes-int-or-string: true
description: 'Requests describes the minimum amount of compute resources required. If Requests is omitted for a container, it defaults to Limits if that is explicitly specified, otherwise to an implementation-defined value. More info: path_to_url
type: object
type: object
type:
type: string
required:
- resources
- type
type: object
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-map-keys:
- type
x-kubernetes-list-type: map
supportedGuestAgentVersions:
description: deprecated
items:
type: string
type: array
tlsConfiguration:
description: TLSConfiguration holds TLS options
properties:
ciphers:
items:
type: string
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: set
minTLSVersion:
description: "MinTLSVersion is a way to specify the minimum protocol version that is acceptable for TLS connections. Protocol versions are based on the following most common TLS configurations: \n path_to_url \n Note that SSLv3.0 is not a supported protocol version due to well known vulnerabilities such as POODLE: path_to_url"
enum:
- VersionTLS10
- VersionTLS11
- VersionTLS12
- VersionTLS13
type: string
type: object
virtualMachineInstancesPerNode:
type: integer
virtualMachineOptions:
description: VirtualMachineOptions holds the cluster level information regarding the virtual machine.
properties:
disableFreePageReporting:
description: DisableFreePageReporting disable the free page reporting of memory balloon device path_to_url#memory-balloon-device. This will have effect only if AutoattachMemBalloon is not false and the vmi is not requesting any high performance feature (dedicatedCPU/realtime/hugePages), in which free page reporting is always disabled.
type: object
disableSerialConsoleLog:
description: DisableSerialConsoleLog disables logging the auto-attached default serial console. If not set, serial console logs will be written to a file and then streamed from a container named 'guest-console-log'. The value can be individually overridden for each VM, not relevant if AutoattachSerialConsole is disabled.
type: object
type: object
vmStateStorageClass:
description: VMStateStorageClass is the name of the storage class to use for the PVCs created to preserve VM state, like TPM. The storage class must support RWX in filesystem mode.
type: string
webhookConfiguration:
description: ReloadableComponentConfiguration holds all generic k8s configuration options which can be reloaded by components without requiring a restart.
properties:
restClient:
description: RestClient can be used to tune certain aspects of the k8s client in use.
properties:
rateLimiter:
description: RateLimiter allows selecting and configuring different rate limiters for the k8s client.
properties:
tokenBucketRateLimiter:
properties:
burst:
description: Maximum burst for throttle. If it's zero, the component default will be used
type: integer
qps:
description: QPS indicates the maximum QPS to the apiserver from this client. If it's zero, the component default will be used
type: number
required:
- burst
- qps
type: object
type: object
type: object
type: object
type: object
customizeComponents:
properties:
flags:
description: Configure the value used for deployment and daemonset resources
properties:
api:
additionalProperties:
type: string
type: object
controller:
additionalProperties:
type: string
type: object
handler:
additionalProperties:
type: string
type: object
type: object
patches:
items:
properties:
patch:
type: string
resourceName:
minLength: 1
type: string
resourceType:
minLength: 1
type: string
type:
type: string
required:
- patch
- resourceName
- resourceType
- type
type: object
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
type: object
imagePullPolicy:
description: The ImagePullPolicy to use.
type: string
imagePullSecrets:
description: The imagePullSecrets to pull the container images from Defaults to none
items:
description: LocalObjectReference contains enough information to let you locate the referenced object inside the same namespace.
properties:
name:
description: 'Name of the referent. More info: path_to_url#names TODO: Add other useful fields. apiVersion, kind, uid?'
type: string
type: object
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
imageRegistry:
description: The image registry to pull the container images from Defaults to the same registry the operator's container image is pulled from.
type: string
imageTag:
description: The image tag to use for the continer images installed. Defaults to the same tag as the operator's container image.
type: string
infra:
description: selectors and tolerations that should apply to KubeVirt infrastructure components
properties:
nodePlacement:
description: nodePlacement describes scheduling configuration for specific KubeVirt components
properties:
affinity:
description: affinity enables pod affinity/anti-affinity placement expanding the types of constraints that can be expressed with nodeSelector. affinity is going to be applied to the relevant kind of pods in parallel with nodeSelector See path_to_url#affinity-and-anti-affinity
properties:
nodeAffinity:
description: Describes node affinity scheduling rules for the pod.
properties:
preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
description: The scheduler will prefer to schedule pods to nodes that satisfy the affinity expressions specified by this field, but it may choose a node that violates one or more of the expressions. The node that is most preferred is the one with the greatest sum of weights, i.e. for each node that meets all of the scheduling requirements (resource request, requiredDuringScheduling affinity expressions, etc.), compute a sum by iterating through the elements of this field and adding "weight" to the sum if the node matches the corresponding matchExpressions; the node(s) with the highest sum are the most preferred.
items:
description: An empty preferred scheduling term matches all objects with implicit weight 0 (i.e. it's a no-op). A null preferred scheduling term matches no objects (i.e. is also a no-op).
properties:
preference:
description: A node selector term, associated with the corresponding weight.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: A list of node selector requirements by node's labels.
items:
description: A node selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: The label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: Represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists, DoesNotExist. Gt, and Lt.
type: string
values:
description: An array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. If the operator is Gt or Lt, the values array must have a single element, which will be interpreted as an integer. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchFields:
description: A list of node selector requirements by node's fields.
items:
description: A node selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: The label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: Represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists, DoesNotExist. Gt, and Lt.
type: string
values:
description: An array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. If the operator is Gt or Lt, the values array must have a single element, which will be interpreted as an integer. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
type: object
weight:
description: Weight associated with matching the corresponding nodeSelectorTerm, in the range 1-100.
format: int32
type: integer
required:
- preference
- weight
type: object
type: array
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
description: If the affinity requirements specified by this field are not met at scheduling time, the pod will not be scheduled onto the node. If the affinity requirements specified by this field cease to be met at some point during pod execution (e.g. due to an update), the system may or may not try to eventually evict the pod from its node.
properties:
nodeSelectorTerms:
description: Required. A list of node selector terms. The terms are ORed.
items:
description: A null or empty node selector term matches no objects. The requirements of them are ANDed. The TopologySelectorTerm type implements a subset of the NodeSelectorTerm.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: A list of node selector requirements by node's labels.
items:
description: A node selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: The label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: Represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists, DoesNotExist. Gt, and Lt.
type: string
values:
description: An array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. If the operator is Gt or Lt, the values array must have a single element, which will be interpreted as an integer. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchFields:
description: A list of node selector requirements by node's fields.
items:
description: A node selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: The label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: Represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists, DoesNotExist. Gt, and Lt.
type: string
values:
description: An array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. If the operator is Gt or Lt, the values array must have a single element, which will be interpreted as an integer. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
type: object
type: array
required:
- nodeSelectorTerms
type: object
type: object
podAffinity:
description: Describes pod affinity scheduling rules (e.g. co-locate this pod in the same node, zone, etc. as some other pod(s)).
properties:
preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
description: The scheduler will prefer to schedule pods to nodes that satisfy the affinity expressions specified by this field, but it may choose a node that violates one or more of the expressions. The node that is most preferred is the one with the greatest sum of weights, i.e. for each node that meets all of the scheduling requirements (resource request, requiredDuringScheduling affinity expressions, etc.), compute a sum by iterating through the elements of this field and adding "weight" to the sum if the node has pods which matches the corresponding podAffinityTerm; the node(s) with the highest sum are the most preferred.
items:
description: The weights of all of the matched WeightedPodAffinityTerm fields are added per-node to find the most preferred node(s)
properties:
podAffinityTerm:
description: Required. A pod affinity term, associated with the corresponding weight.
properties:
labelSelector:
description: A label query over a set of resources, in this case pods.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaceSelector:
description: A label query over the set of namespaces that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces selected by this field and the ones listed in the namespaces field. null selector and null or empty namespaces list means "this pod's namespace". An empty selector ({}) matches all namespaces.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaces:
description: namespaces specifies a static list of namespace names that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces listed in this field and the ones selected by namespaceSelector. null or empty namespaces list and null namespaceSelector means "this pod's namespace".
items:
type: string
type: array
topologyKey:
description: This pod should be co-located (affinity) or not co-located (anti-affinity) with the pods matching the labelSelector in the specified namespaces, where co-located is defined as running on a node whose value of the label with key topologyKey matches that of any node on which any of the selected pods is running. Empty topologyKey is not allowed.
type: string
required:
- topologyKey
type: object
weight:
description: weight associated with matching the corresponding podAffinityTerm, in the range 1-100.
format: int32
type: integer
required:
- podAffinityTerm
- weight
type: object
type: array
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
description: If the affinity requirements specified by this field are not met at scheduling time, the pod will not be scheduled onto the node. If the affinity requirements specified by this field cease to be met at some point during pod execution (e.g. due to a pod label update), the system may or may not try to eventually evict the pod from its node. When there are multiple elements, the lists of nodes corresponding to each podAffinityTerm are intersected, i.e. all terms must be satisfied.
items:
description: Defines a set of pods (namely those matching the labelSelector relative to the given namespace(s)) that this pod should be co-located (affinity) or not co-located (anti-affinity) with, where co-located is defined as running on a node whose value of the label with key <topologyKey> matches that of any node on which a pod of the set of pods is running
properties:
labelSelector:
description: A label query over a set of resources, in this case pods.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaceSelector:
description: A label query over the set of namespaces that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces selected by this field and the ones listed in the namespaces field. null selector and null or empty namespaces list means "this pod's namespace". An empty selector ({}) matches all namespaces.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaces:
description: namespaces specifies a static list of namespace names that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces listed in this field and the ones selected by namespaceSelector. null or empty namespaces list and null namespaceSelector means "this pod's namespace".
items:
type: string
type: array
topologyKey:
description: This pod should be co-located (affinity) or not co-located (anti-affinity) with the pods matching the labelSelector in the specified namespaces, where co-located is defined as running on a node whose value of the label with key topologyKey matches that of any node on which any of the selected pods is running. Empty topologyKey is not allowed.
type: string
required:
- topologyKey
type: object
type: array
type: object
podAntiAffinity:
description: Describes pod anti-affinity scheduling rules (e.g. avoid putting this pod in the same node, zone, etc. as some other pod(s)).
properties:
preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
description: The scheduler will prefer to schedule pods to nodes that satisfy the anti-affinity expressions specified by this field, but it may choose a node that violates one or more of the expressions. The node that is most preferred is the one with the greatest sum of weights, i.e. for each node that meets all of the scheduling requirements (resource request, requiredDuringScheduling anti-affinity expressions, etc.), compute a sum by iterating through the elements of this field and adding "weight" to the sum if the node has pods which matches the corresponding podAffinityTerm; the node(s) with the highest sum are the most preferred.
items:
description: The weights of all of the matched WeightedPodAffinityTerm fields are added per-node to find the most preferred node(s)
properties:
podAffinityTerm:
description: Required. A pod affinity term, associated with the corresponding weight.
properties:
labelSelector:
description: A label query over a set of resources, in this case pods.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaceSelector:
description: A label query over the set of namespaces that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces selected by this field and the ones listed in the namespaces field. null selector and null or empty namespaces list means "this pod's namespace". An empty selector ({}) matches all namespaces.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaces:
description: namespaces specifies a static list of namespace names that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces listed in this field and the ones selected by namespaceSelector. null or empty namespaces list and null namespaceSelector means "this pod's namespace".
items:
type: string
type: array
topologyKey:
description: This pod should be co-located (affinity) or not co-located (anti-affinity) with the pods matching the labelSelector in the specified namespaces, where co-located is defined as running on a node whose value of the label with key topologyKey matches that of any node on which any of the selected pods is running. Empty topologyKey is not allowed.
type: string
required:
- topologyKey
type: object
weight:
description: weight associated with matching the corresponding podAffinityTerm, in the range 1-100.
format: int32
type: integer
required:
- podAffinityTerm
- weight
type: object
type: array
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
description: If the anti-affinity requirements specified by this field are not met at scheduling time, the pod will not be scheduled onto the node. If the anti-affinity requirements specified by this field cease to be met at some point during pod execution (e.g. due to a pod label update), the system may or may not try to eventually evict the pod from its node. When there are multiple elements, the lists of nodes corresponding to each podAffinityTerm are intersected, i.e. all terms must be satisfied.
items:
description: Defines a set of pods (namely those matching the labelSelector relative to the given namespace(s)) that this pod should be co-located (affinity) or not co-located (anti-affinity) with, where co-located is defined as running on a node whose value of the label with key <topologyKey> matches that of any node on which a pod of the set of pods is running
properties:
labelSelector:
description: A label query over a set of resources, in this case pods.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaceSelector:
description: A label query over the set of namespaces that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces selected by this field and the ones listed in the namespaces field. null selector and null or empty namespaces list means "this pod's namespace". An empty selector ({}) matches all namespaces.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaces:
description: namespaces specifies a static list of namespace names that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces listed in this field and the ones selected by namespaceSelector. null or empty namespaces list and null namespaceSelector means "this pod's namespace".
items:
type: string
type: array
topologyKey:
description: This pod should be co-located (affinity) or not co-located (anti-affinity) with the pods matching the labelSelector in the specified namespaces, where co-located is defined as running on a node whose value of the label with key topologyKey matches that of any node on which any of the selected pods is running. Empty topologyKey is not allowed.
type: string
required:
- topologyKey
type: object
type: array
type: object
type: object
nodeSelector:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: 'nodeSelector is the node selector applied to the relevant kind of pods It specifies a map of key-value pairs: for the pod to be eligible to run on a node, the node must have each of the indicated key-value pairs as labels (it can have additional labels as well). See path_to_url#nodeselector'
type: object
tolerations:
description: tolerations is a list of tolerations applied to the relevant kind of pods See path_to_url for more info. These are additional tolerations other than default ones.
items:
description: The pod this Toleration is attached to tolerates any taint that matches the triple <key,value,effect> using the matching operator <operator>.
properties:
effect:
description: Effect indicates the taint effect to match. Empty means match all taint effects. When specified, allowed values are NoSchedule, PreferNoSchedule and NoExecute.
type: string
key:
description: Key is the taint key that the toleration applies to. Empty means match all taint keys. If the key is empty, operator must be Exists; this combination means to match all values and all keys.
type: string
operator:
description: Operator represents a key's relationship to the value. Valid operators are Exists and Equal. Defaults to Equal. Exists is equivalent to wildcard for value, so that a pod can tolerate all taints of a particular category.
type: string
tolerationSeconds:
description: TolerationSeconds represents the period of time the toleration (which must be of effect NoExecute, otherwise this field is ignored) tolerates the taint. By default, it is not set, which means tolerate the taint forever (do not evict). Zero and negative values will be treated as 0 (evict immediately) by the system.
format: int64
type: integer
value:
description: Value is the taint value the toleration matches to. If the operator is Exists, the value should be empty, otherwise just a regular string.
type: string
type: object
type: array
type: object
replicas:
description: 'replicas indicates how many replicas should be created for each KubeVirt infrastructure component (like virt-api or virt-controller). Defaults to 2. WARNING: this is an advanced feature that prevents auto-scaling for core kubevirt components. Please use with caution!'
type: integer
type: object
monitorAccount:
description: The name of the Prometheus service account that needs read-access to KubeVirt endpoints Defaults to prometheus-k8s
type: string
monitorNamespace:
description: The namespace Prometheus is deployed in Defaults to openshift-monitor
type: string
productComponent:
description: Designate the apps.kubevirt.io/component label for KubeVirt components. Useful if KubeVirt is included as part of a product. If ProductComponent is not specified, the component label default value is kubevirt.
type: string
productName:
description: Designate the apps.kubevirt.io/part-of label for KubeVirt components. Useful if KubeVirt is included as part of a product. If ProductName is not specified, the part-of label will be omitted.
type: string
productVersion:
description: Designate the apps.kubevirt.io/version label for KubeVirt components. Useful if KubeVirt is included as part of a product. If ProductVersion is not specified, KubeVirt's version will be used.
type: string
serviceMonitorNamespace:
description: The namespace the service monitor will be deployed When ServiceMonitorNamespace is set, then we'll install the service monitor object in that namespace otherwise we will use the monitoring namespace.
type: string
uninstallStrategy:
description: Specifies if kubevirt can be deleted if workloads are still present. This is mainly a precaution to avoid accidental data loss
type: string
workloadUpdateStrategy:
description: WorkloadUpdateStrategy defines at the cluster level how to handle automated workload updates
properties:
batchEvictionInterval:
description: "BatchEvictionInterval Represents the interval to wait before issuing the next batch of shutdowns \n Defaults to 1 minute"
type: string
batchEvictionSize:
description: "BatchEvictionSize Represents the number of VMIs that can be forced updated per the BatchShutdownInteral interval \n Defaults to 10"
type: integer
workloadUpdateMethods:
description: "WorkloadUpdateMethods defines the methods that can be used to disrupt workloads during automated workload updates. When multiple methods are present, the least disruptive method takes precedence over more disruptive methods. For example if both LiveMigrate and Shutdown methods are listed, only VMs which are not live migratable will be restarted/shutdown \n An empty list defaults to no automated workload updating"
items:
type: string
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
type: object
workloads:
description: selectors and tolerations that should apply to KubeVirt workloads
properties:
nodePlacement:
description: nodePlacement describes scheduling configuration for specific KubeVirt components
properties:
affinity:
description: affinity enables pod affinity/anti-affinity placement expanding the types of constraints that can be expressed with nodeSelector. affinity is going to be applied to the relevant kind of pods in parallel with nodeSelector See path_to_url#affinity-and-anti-affinity
properties:
nodeAffinity:
description: Describes node affinity scheduling rules for the pod.
properties:
preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
description: The scheduler will prefer to schedule pods to nodes that satisfy the affinity expressions specified by this field, but it may choose a node that violates one or more of the expressions. The node that is most preferred is the one with the greatest sum of weights, i.e. for each node that meets all of the scheduling requirements (resource request, requiredDuringScheduling affinity expressions, etc.), compute a sum by iterating through the elements of this field and adding "weight" to the sum if the node matches the corresponding matchExpressions; the node(s) with the highest sum are the most preferred.
items:
description: An empty preferred scheduling term matches all objects with implicit weight 0 (i.e. it's a no-op). A null preferred scheduling term matches no objects (i.e. is also a no-op).
properties:
preference:
description: A node selector term, associated with the corresponding weight.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: A list of node selector requirements by node's labels.
items:
description: A node selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: The label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: Represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists, DoesNotExist. Gt, and Lt.
type: string
values:
description: An array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. If the operator is Gt or Lt, the values array must have a single element, which will be interpreted as an integer. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchFields:
description: A list of node selector requirements by node's fields.
items:
description: A node selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: The label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: Represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists, DoesNotExist. Gt, and Lt.
type: string
values:
description: An array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. If the operator is Gt or Lt, the values array must have a single element, which will be interpreted as an integer. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
type: object
weight:
description: Weight associated with matching the corresponding nodeSelectorTerm, in the range 1-100.
format: int32
type: integer
required:
- preference
- weight
type: object
type: array
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
description: If the affinity requirements specified by this field are not met at scheduling time, the pod will not be scheduled onto the node. If the affinity requirements specified by this field cease to be met at some point during pod execution (e.g. due to an update), the system may or may not try to eventually evict the pod from its node.
properties:
nodeSelectorTerms:
description: Required. A list of node selector terms. The terms are ORed.
items:
description: A null or empty node selector term matches no objects. The requirements of them are ANDed. The TopologySelectorTerm type implements a subset of the NodeSelectorTerm.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: A list of node selector requirements by node's labels.
items:
description: A node selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: The label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: Represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists, DoesNotExist. Gt, and Lt.
type: string
values:
description: An array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. If the operator is Gt or Lt, the values array must have a single element, which will be interpreted as an integer. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchFields:
description: A list of node selector requirements by node's fields.
items:
description: A node selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: The label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: Represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists, DoesNotExist. Gt, and Lt.
type: string
values:
description: An array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. If the operator is Gt or Lt, the values array must have a single element, which will be interpreted as an integer. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
type: object
type: array
required:
- nodeSelectorTerms
type: object
type: object
podAffinity:
description: Describes pod affinity scheduling rules (e.g. co-locate this pod in the same node, zone, etc. as some other pod(s)).
properties:
preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
description: The scheduler will prefer to schedule pods to nodes that satisfy the affinity expressions specified by this field, but it may choose a node that violates one or more of the expressions. The node that is most preferred is the one with the greatest sum of weights, i.e. for each node that meets all of the scheduling requirements (resource request, requiredDuringScheduling affinity expressions, etc.), compute a sum by iterating through the elements of this field and adding "weight" to the sum if the node has pods which matches the corresponding podAffinityTerm; the node(s) with the highest sum are the most preferred.
items:
description: The weights of all of the matched WeightedPodAffinityTerm fields are added per-node to find the most preferred node(s)
properties:
podAffinityTerm:
description: Required. A pod affinity term, associated with the corresponding weight.
properties:
labelSelector:
description: A label query over a set of resources, in this case pods.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaceSelector:
description: A label query over the set of namespaces that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces selected by this field and the ones listed in the namespaces field. null selector and null or empty namespaces list means "this pod's namespace". An empty selector ({}) matches all namespaces.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaces:
description: namespaces specifies a static list of namespace names that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces listed in this field and the ones selected by namespaceSelector. null or empty namespaces list and null namespaceSelector means "this pod's namespace".
items:
type: string
type: array
topologyKey:
description: This pod should be co-located (affinity) or not co-located (anti-affinity) with the pods matching the labelSelector in the specified namespaces, where co-located is defined as running on a node whose value of the label with key topologyKey matches that of any node on which any of the selected pods is running. Empty topologyKey is not allowed.
type: string
required:
- topologyKey
type: object
weight:
description: weight associated with matching the corresponding podAffinityTerm, in the range 1-100.
format: int32
type: integer
required:
- podAffinityTerm
- weight
type: object
type: array
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
description: If the affinity requirements specified by this field are not met at scheduling time, the pod will not be scheduled onto the node. If the affinity requirements specified by this field cease to be met at some point during pod execution (e.g. due to a pod label update), the system may or may not try to eventually evict the pod from its node. When there are multiple elements, the lists of nodes corresponding to each podAffinityTerm are intersected, i.e. all terms must be satisfied.
items:
description: Defines a set of pods (namely those matching the labelSelector relative to the given namespace(s)) that this pod should be co-located (affinity) or not co-located (anti-affinity) with, where co-located is defined as running on a node whose value of the label with key <topologyKey> matches that of any node on which a pod of the set of pods is running
properties:
labelSelector:
description: A label query over a set of resources, in this case pods.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaceSelector:
description: A label query over the set of namespaces that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces selected by this field and the ones listed in the namespaces field. null selector and null or empty namespaces list means "this pod's namespace". An empty selector ({}) matches all namespaces.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaces:
description: namespaces specifies a static list of namespace names that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces listed in this field and the ones selected by namespaceSelector. null or empty namespaces list and null namespaceSelector means "this pod's namespace".
items:
type: string
type: array
topologyKey:
description: This pod should be co-located (affinity) or not co-located (anti-affinity) with the pods matching the labelSelector in the specified namespaces, where co-located is defined as running on a node whose value of the label with key topologyKey matches that of any node on which any of the selected pods is running. Empty topologyKey is not allowed.
type: string
required:
- topologyKey
type: object
type: array
type: object
podAntiAffinity:
description: Describes pod anti-affinity scheduling rules (e.g. avoid putting this pod in the same node, zone, etc. as some other pod(s)).
properties:
preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
description: The scheduler will prefer to schedule pods to nodes that satisfy the anti-affinity expressions specified by this field, but it may choose a node that violates one or more of the expressions. The node that is most preferred is the one with the greatest sum of weights, i.e. for each node that meets all of the scheduling requirements (resource request, requiredDuringScheduling anti-affinity expressions, etc.), compute a sum by iterating through the elements of this field and adding "weight" to the sum if the node has pods which matches the corresponding podAffinityTerm; the node(s) with the highest sum are the most preferred.
items:
description: The weights of all of the matched WeightedPodAffinityTerm fields are added per-node to find the most preferred node(s)
properties:
podAffinityTerm:
description: Required. A pod affinity term, associated with the corresponding weight.
properties:
labelSelector:
description: A label query over a set of resources, in this case pods.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaceSelector:
description: A label query over the set of namespaces that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces selected by this field and the ones listed in the namespaces field. null selector and null or empty namespaces list means "this pod's namespace". An empty selector ({}) matches all namespaces.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaces:
description: namespaces specifies a static list of namespace names that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces listed in this field and the ones selected by namespaceSelector. null or empty namespaces list and null namespaceSelector means "this pod's namespace".
items:
type: string
type: array
topologyKey:
description: This pod should be co-located (affinity) or not co-located (anti-affinity) with the pods matching the labelSelector in the specified namespaces, where co-located is defined as running on a node whose value of the label with key topologyKey matches that of any node on which any of the selected pods is running. Empty topologyKey is not allowed.
type: string
required:
- topologyKey
type: object
weight:
description: weight associated with matching the corresponding podAffinityTerm, in the range 1-100.
format: int32
type: integer
required:
- podAffinityTerm
- weight
type: object
type: array
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
description: If the anti-affinity requirements specified by this field are not met at scheduling time, the pod will not be scheduled onto the node. If the anti-affinity requirements specified by this field cease to be met at some point during pod execution (e.g. due to a pod label update), the system may or may not try to eventually evict the pod from its node. When there are multiple elements, the lists of nodes corresponding to each podAffinityTerm are intersected, i.e. all terms must be satisfied.
items:
description: Defines a set of pods (namely those matching the labelSelector relative to the given namespace(s)) that this pod should be co-located (affinity) or not co-located (anti-affinity) with, where co-located is defined as running on a node whose value of the label with key <topologyKey> matches that of any node on which a pod of the set of pods is running
properties:
labelSelector:
description: A label query over a set of resources, in this case pods.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaceSelector:
description: A label query over the set of namespaces that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces selected by this field and the ones listed in the namespaces field. null selector and null or empty namespaces list means "this pod's namespace". An empty selector ({}) matches all namespaces.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaces:
description: namespaces specifies a static list of namespace names that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces listed in this field and the ones selected by namespaceSelector. null or empty namespaces list and null namespaceSelector means "this pod's namespace".
items:
type: string
type: array
topologyKey:
description: This pod should be co-located (affinity) or not co-located (anti-affinity) with the pods matching the labelSelector in the specified namespaces, where co-located is defined as running on a node whose value of the label with key topologyKey matches that of any node on which any of the selected pods is running. Empty topologyKey is not allowed.
type: string
required:
- topologyKey
type: object
type: array
type: object
type: object
nodeSelector:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: 'nodeSelector is the node selector applied to the relevant kind of pods It specifies a map of key-value pairs: for the pod to be eligible to run on a node, the node must have each of the indicated key-value pairs as labels (it can have additional labels as well). See path_to_url#nodeselector'
type: object
tolerations:
description: tolerations is a list of tolerations applied to the relevant kind of pods See path_to_url for more info. These are additional tolerations other than default ones.
items:
description: The pod this Toleration is attached to tolerates any taint that matches the triple <key,value,effect> using the matching operator <operator>.
properties:
effect:
description: Effect indicates the taint effect to match. Empty means match all taint effects. When specified, allowed values are NoSchedule, PreferNoSchedule and NoExecute.
type: string
key:
description: Key is the taint key that the toleration applies to. Empty means match all taint keys. If the key is empty, operator must be Exists; this combination means to match all values and all keys.
type: string
operator:
description: Operator represents a key's relationship to the value. Valid operators are Exists and Equal. Defaults to Equal. Exists is equivalent to wildcard for value, so that a pod can tolerate all taints of a particular category.
type: string
tolerationSeconds:
description: TolerationSeconds represents the period of time the toleration (which must be of effect NoExecute, otherwise this field is ignored) tolerates the taint. By default, it is not set, which means tolerate the taint forever (do not evict). Zero and negative values will be treated as 0 (evict immediately) by the system.
format: int64
type: integer
value:
description: Value is the taint value the toleration matches to. If the operator is Exists, the value should be empty, otherwise just a regular string.
type: string
type: object
type: array
type: object
replicas:
description: 'replicas indicates how many replicas should be created for each KubeVirt infrastructure component (like virt-api or virt-controller). Defaults to 2. WARNING: this is an advanced feature that prevents auto-scaling for core kubevirt components. Please use with caution!'
type: integer
type: object
type: object
status:
description: KubeVirtStatus represents information pertaining to a KubeVirt deployment.
properties:
conditions:
items:
description: KubeVirtCondition represents a condition of a KubeVirt deployment
properties:
lastProbeTime:
format: date-time
nullable: true
type: string
lastTransitionTime:
format: date-time
nullable: true
type: string
message:
type: string
reason:
type: string
status:
type: string
type:
type: string
required:
- status
- type
type: object
type: array
defaultArchitecture:
type: string
generations:
items:
description: GenerationStatus keeps track of the generation for a given resource so that decisions about forced updates can be made.
properties:
group:
description: group is the group of the thing you're tracking
type: string
hash:
description: hash is an optional field set for resources without generation that are content sensitive like secrets and configmaps
type: string
lastGeneration:
description: lastGeneration is the last generation of the workload controller involved
format: int64
type: integer
name:
description: name is the name of the thing you're tracking
type: string
namespace:
description: namespace is where the thing you're tracking is
type: string
resource:
description: resource is the resource type of the thing you're tracking
type: string
required:
- group
- lastGeneration
- name
- resource
type: object
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
observedDeploymentConfig:
type: string
observedDeploymentID:
type: string
observedGeneration:
format: int64
type: integer
observedKubeVirtRegistry:
type: string
observedKubeVirtVersion:
type: string
operatorVersion:
type: string
outdatedVirtualMachineInstanceWorkloads:
type: integer
phase:
description: KubeVirtPhase is a label for the phase of a KubeVirt deployment at the current time.
type: string
targetDeploymentConfig:
type: string
targetDeploymentID:
type: string
targetKubeVirtRegistry:
type: string
targetKubeVirtVersion:
type: string
type: object
required:
- spec
type: object
served: true
storage: true
subresources:
status: {}
- additionalPrinterColumns:
- jsonPath: .metadata.creationTimestamp
name: Age
type: date
- jsonPath: .status.phase
name: Phase
type: string
deprecated: true
deprecationWarning: kubevirt.io/v1alpha3 is now deprecated and will be removed in a future release.
name: v1alpha3
schema:
openAPIV3Schema:
description: KubeVirt represents the object deploying all KubeVirt resources
properties:
apiVersion:
description: 'APIVersion defines the versioned schema of this representation of an object. Servers should convert recognized schemas to the latest internal value, and may reject unrecognized values. More info: path_to_url#resources'
type: string
kind:
description: 'Kind is a string value representing the REST resource this object represents. Servers may infer this from the endpoint the client submits requests to. Cannot be updated. In CamelCase. More info: path_to_url#types-kinds'
type: string
metadata:
type: object
spec:
properties:
certificateRotateStrategy:
properties:
selfSigned:
properties:
ca:
description: CA configuration CA certs are kept in the CA bundle as long as they are valid
properties:
duration:
description: The requested 'duration' (i.e. lifetime) of the Certificate.
type: string
renewBefore:
description: The amount of time before the currently issued certificate's "notAfter" time that we will begin to attempt to renew the certificate.
type: string
type: object
caOverlapInterval:
description: Deprecated. Use CA.Duration and CA.RenewBefore instead
type: string
caRotateInterval:
description: Deprecated. Use CA.Duration instead
type: string
certRotateInterval:
description: Deprecated. Use Server.Duration instead
type: string
server:
description: Server configuration Certs are rotated and discarded
properties:
duration:
description: The requested 'duration' (i.e. lifetime) of the Certificate.
type: string
renewBefore:
description: The amount of time before the currently issued certificate's "notAfter" time that we will begin to attempt to renew the certificate.
type: string
type: object
type: object
type: object
configuration:
description: holds kubevirt configurations. same as the virt-configMap
properties:
additionalGuestMemoryOverheadRatio:
description: AdditionalGuestMemoryOverheadRatio can be used to increase the virtualization infrastructure overhead. This is useful, since the calculation of this overhead is not accurate and cannot be entirely known in advance. The ratio that is being set determines by which factor to increase the overhead calculated by Kubevirt. A higher ratio means that the VMs would be less compromised by node pressures, but would mean that fewer VMs could be scheduled to a node. If not set, the default is 1.
type: string
apiConfiguration:
description: ReloadableComponentConfiguration holds all generic k8s configuration options which can be reloaded by components without requiring a restart.
properties:
restClient:
description: RestClient can be used to tune certain aspects of the k8s client in use.
properties:
rateLimiter:
description: RateLimiter allows selecting and configuring different rate limiters for the k8s client.
properties:
tokenBucketRateLimiter:
properties:
burst:
description: Maximum burst for throttle. If it's zero, the component default will be used
type: integer
qps:
description: QPS indicates the maximum QPS to the apiserver from this client. If it's zero, the component default will be used
type: number
required:
- burst
- qps
type: object
type: object
type: object
type: object
architectureConfiguration:
properties:
amd64:
properties:
emulatedMachines:
items:
type: string
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
machineType:
type: string
ovmfPath:
type: string
type: object
arm64:
properties:
emulatedMachines:
items:
type: string
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
machineType:
type: string
ovmfPath:
type: string
type: object
defaultArchitecture:
type: string
ppc64le:
properties:
emulatedMachines:
items:
type: string
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
machineType:
type: string
ovmfPath:
type: string
type: object
type: object
autoCPULimitNamespaceLabelSelector:
description: When set, AutoCPULimitNamespaceLabelSelector will set a CPU limit on virt-launcher for VMIs running inside namespaces that match the label selector. The CPU limit will equal the number of requested vCPUs. This setting does not apply to VMIs with dedicated CPUs.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
controllerConfiguration:
description: ReloadableComponentConfiguration holds all generic k8s configuration options which can be reloaded by components without requiring a restart.
properties:
restClient:
description: RestClient can be used to tune certain aspects of the k8s client in use.
properties:
rateLimiter:
description: RateLimiter allows selecting and configuring different rate limiters for the k8s client.
properties:
tokenBucketRateLimiter:
properties:
burst:
description: Maximum burst for throttle. If it's zero, the component default will be used
type: integer
qps:
description: QPS indicates the maximum QPS to the apiserver from this client. If it's zero, the component default will be used
type: number
required:
- burst
- qps
type: object
type: object
type: object
type: object
cpuModel:
type: string
cpuRequest:
anyOf:
- type: integer
- type: string
pattern: ^(\+|-)?(([0-9]+(\.[0-9]*)?)|(\.[0-9]+))(([KMGTPE]i)|[numkMGTPE]|([eE](\+|-)?(([0-9]+(\.[0-9]*)?)|(\.[0-9]+))))?$
x-kubernetes-int-or-string: true
defaultRuntimeClass:
type: string
developerConfiguration:
description: DeveloperConfiguration holds developer options
properties:
cpuAllocationRatio:
description: 'For each requested virtual CPU, CPUAllocationRatio defines how much physical CPU to request per VMI from the hosting node. The value is in fraction of a CPU thread (or core on non-hyperthreaded nodes). For example, a value of 1 means 1 physical CPU thread per VMI CPU thread. A value of 100 would be 1% of a physical thread allocated for each requested VMI thread. This option has no effect on VMIs that request dedicated CPUs. More information at: path_to_url#node-cpu-allocation-ratio Defaults to 10'
type: integer
diskVerification:
description: DiskVerification holds container disks verification limits
properties:
memoryLimit:
anyOf:
- type: integer
- type: string
pattern: ^(\+|-)?(([0-9]+(\.[0-9]*)?)|(\.[0-9]+))(([KMGTPE]i)|[numkMGTPE]|([eE](\+|-)?(([0-9]+(\.[0-9]*)?)|(\.[0-9]+))))?$
x-kubernetes-int-or-string: true
required:
- memoryLimit
type: object
featureGates:
description: FeatureGates is the list of experimental features to enable. Defaults to none
items:
type: string
type: array
logVerbosity:
description: LogVerbosity sets log verbosity level of various components
properties:
nodeVerbosity:
additionalProperties:
type: integer
description: NodeVerbosity represents a map of nodes with a specific verbosity level
type: object
virtAPI:
type: integer
virtController:
type: integer
virtHandler:
type: integer
virtLauncher:
type: integer
virtOperator:
type: integer
type: object
memoryOvercommit:
description: MemoryOvercommit is the percentage of memory we want to give VMIs compared to the amount given to its parent pod (virt-launcher). For example, a value of 102 means the VMI will "see" 2% more memory than its parent pod. Values under 100 are effectively "undercommits". Overcommits can lead to memory exhaustion, which in turn can lead to crashes. Use carefully. Defaults to 100
type: integer
minimumClusterTSCFrequency:
description: Allow overriding the automatically determined minimum TSC frequency of the cluster and fixate the minimum to this frequency.
format: int64
type: integer
minimumReservePVCBytes:
description: MinimumReservePVCBytes is the amount of space, in bytes, to leave unused on disks. Defaults to 131072 (128KiB)
format: int64
type: integer
nodeSelectors:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: NodeSelectors allows restricting VMI creation to nodes that match a set of labels. Defaults to none
type: object
pvcTolerateLessSpaceUpToPercent:
description: LessPVCSpaceToleration determines how much smaller, in percentage, disk PVCs are allowed to be compared to the requested size (to account for various overheads). Defaults to 10
type: integer
useEmulation:
description: UseEmulation can be set to true to allow fallback to software emulation in case hardware-assisted emulation is not available. Defaults to false
type: boolean
type: object
emulatedMachines:
items:
type: string
type: array
evictionStrategy:
description: EvictionStrategy defines at the cluster level if the VirtualMachineInstance should be migrated instead of shut-off in case of a node drain. If the VirtualMachineInstance specific field is set it overrides the cluster level one.
type: string
handlerConfiguration:
description: ReloadableComponentConfiguration holds all generic k8s configuration options which can be reloaded by components without requiring a restart.
properties:
restClient:
description: RestClient can be used to tune certain aspects of the k8s client in use.
properties:
rateLimiter:
description: RateLimiter allows selecting and configuring different rate limiters for the k8s client.
properties:
tokenBucketRateLimiter:
properties:
burst:
description: Maximum burst for throttle. If it's zero, the component default will be used
type: integer
qps:
description: QPS indicates the maximum QPS to the apiserver from this client. If it's zero, the component default will be used
type: number
required:
- burst
- qps
type: object
type: object
type: object
type: object
imagePullPolicy:
description: PullPolicy describes a policy for if/when to pull a container image
type: string
ksmConfiguration:
description: KSMConfiguration holds the information regarding the enabling the KSM in the nodes (if available).
properties:
nodeLabelSelector:
description: NodeLabelSelector is a selector that filters in which nodes the KSM will be enabled. Empty NodeLabelSelector will enable ksm for every node.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
type: object
liveUpdateConfiguration:
description: LiveUpdateConfiguration holds defaults for live update features
properties:
maxCpuSockets:
description: MaxCpuSockets holds the maximum amount of sockets that can be hotplugged
format: int32
type: integer
maxGuest:
anyOf:
- type: integer
- type: string
description: MaxGuest defines the maximum amount memory that can be allocated to the guest using hotplug.
pattern: ^(\+|-)?(([0-9]+(\.[0-9]*)?)|(\.[0-9]+))(([KMGTPE]i)|[numkMGTPE]|([eE](\+|-)?(([0-9]+(\.[0-9]*)?)|(\.[0-9]+))))?$
x-kubernetes-int-or-string: true
maxHotplugRatio:
description: 'MaxHotplugRatio is the ratio used to define the max amount of a hotplug resource that can be made available to a VM when the specific Max* setting is not defined (MaxCpuSockets, MaxGuest) Example: VM is configured with 512Mi of guest memory, if MaxGuest is not defined and MaxHotplugRatio is 2 then MaxGuest = 1Gi defaults to 4'
format: int32
type: integer
type: object
machineType:
description: Deprecated. Use architectureConfiguration instead.
type: string
mediatedDevicesConfiguration:
description: MediatedDevicesConfiguration holds information about MDEV types to be defined, if available
properties:
mediatedDeviceTypes:
items:
type: string
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
mediatedDevicesTypes:
description: Deprecated. Use mediatedDeviceTypes instead.
items:
type: string
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
nodeMediatedDeviceTypes:
items:
description: NodeMediatedDeviceTypesConfig holds information about MDEV types to be defined in a specific node that matches the NodeSelector field.
properties:
mediatedDeviceTypes:
items:
type: string
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
mediatedDevicesTypes:
description: Deprecated. Use mediatedDeviceTypes instead.
items:
type: string
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
nodeSelector:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: 'NodeSelector is a selector which must be true for the vmi to fit on a node. Selector which must match a node''s labels for the vmi to be scheduled on that node. More info: path_to_url
type: object
required:
- nodeSelector
type: object
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
type: object
memBalloonStatsPeriod:
format: int32
type: integer
migrations:
description: MigrationConfiguration holds migration options. Can be overridden for specific groups of VMs though migration policies. Visit path_to_url for more information.
properties:
allowAutoConverge:
description: AllowAutoConverge allows the platform to compromise performance/availability of VMIs to guarantee successful VMI live migrations. Defaults to false
type: boolean
allowPostCopy:
description: AllowPostCopy enables post-copy live migrations. Such migrations allow even the busiest VMIs to successfully live-migrate. However, events like a network failure can cause a VMI crash. If set to true, migrations will still start in pre-copy, but switch to post-copy when CompletionTimeoutPerGiB triggers. Defaults to false
type: boolean
bandwidthPerMigration:
anyOf:
- type: integer
- type: string
description: BandwidthPerMigration limits the amount of network bandwidth live migrations are allowed to use. The value is in quantity per second. Defaults to 0 (no limit)
pattern: ^(\+|-)?(([0-9]+(\.[0-9]*)?)|(\.[0-9]+))(([KMGTPE]i)|[numkMGTPE]|([eE](\+|-)?(([0-9]+(\.[0-9]*)?)|(\.[0-9]+))))?$
x-kubernetes-int-or-string: true
completionTimeoutPerGiB:
description: CompletionTimeoutPerGiB is the maximum number of seconds per GiB a migration is allowed to take. If a live-migration takes longer to migrate than this value multiplied by the size of the VMI, the migration will be cancelled, unless AllowPostCopy is true. Defaults to 800
format: int64
type: integer
disableTLS:
description: When set to true, DisableTLS will disable the additional layer of live migration encryption provided by KubeVirt. This is usually a bad idea. Defaults to false
type: boolean
matchSELinuxLevelOnMigration:
description: By default, the SELinux level of target virt-launcher pods is forced to the level of the source virt-launcher. When set to true, MatchSELinuxLevelOnMigration lets the CRI auto-assign a random level to the target. That will ensure the target virt-launcher doesn't share categories with another pod on the node. However, migrations will fail when using RWX volumes that don't automatically deal with SELinux levels.
type: boolean
network:
description: Network is the name of the CNI network to use for live migrations. By default, migrations go through the pod network.
type: string
nodeDrainTaintKey:
description: 'NodeDrainTaintKey defines the taint key that indicates a node should be drained. Note: this option relies on the deprecated node taint feature. Default: kubevirt.io/drain'
type: string
parallelMigrationsPerCluster:
description: ParallelMigrationsPerCluster is the total number of concurrent live migrations allowed cluster-wide. Defaults to 5
format: int32
type: integer
parallelOutboundMigrationsPerNode:
description: ParallelOutboundMigrationsPerNode is the maximum number of concurrent outgoing live migrations allowed per node. Defaults to 2
format: int32
type: integer
progressTimeout:
description: ProgressTimeout is the maximum number of seconds a live migration is allowed to make no progress. Hitting this timeout means a migration transferred 0 data for that many seconds. The migration is then considered stuck and therefore cancelled. Defaults to 150
format: int64
type: integer
unsafeMigrationOverride:
description: UnsafeMigrationOverride allows live migrations to occur even if the compatibility check indicates the migration will be unsafe to the guest. Defaults to false
type: boolean
type: object
minCPUModel:
type: string
network:
description: NetworkConfiguration holds network options
properties:
binding:
additionalProperties:
properties:
domainAttachmentType:
description: 'DomainAttachmentType is a standard domain network attachment method kubevirt supports. Supported values: "tap". The standard domain attachment can be used instead or in addition to the sidecarImage. version: 1alphav1'
type: string
networkAttachmentDefinition:
description: 'NetworkAttachmentDefinition references to a NetworkAttachmentDefinition CR object. Format: <name>, <namespace>/<name>. If namespace is not specified, VMI namespace is assumed. version: 1alphav1'
type: string
sidecarImage:
description: 'SidecarImage references a container image that runs in the virt-launcher pod. The sidecar handles (libvirt) domain configuration and optional services. version: 1alphav1'
type: string
type: object
type: object
defaultNetworkInterface:
type: string
permitBridgeInterfaceOnPodNetwork:
type: boolean
permitSlirpInterface:
type: boolean
type: object
obsoleteCPUModels:
additionalProperties:
type: boolean
type: object
ovmfPath:
type: string
permittedHostDevices:
description: PermittedHostDevices holds information about devices allowed for passthrough
properties:
mediatedDevices:
items:
description: MediatedHostDevice represents a host mediated device allowed for passthrough
properties:
externalResourceProvider:
type: boolean
mdevNameSelector:
type: string
resourceName:
type: string
required:
- mdevNameSelector
- resourceName
type: object
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
pciHostDevices:
items:
description: PciHostDevice represents a host PCI device allowed for passthrough
properties:
externalResourceProvider:
description: If true, KubeVirt will leave the allocation and monitoring to an external device plugin
type: boolean
pciVendorSelector:
description: The vendor_id:product_id tuple of the PCI device
type: string
resourceName:
description: The name of the resource that is representing the device. Exposed by a device plugin and requested by VMs. Typically of the form vendor.com/product_name
type: string
required:
- pciVendorSelector
- resourceName
type: object
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
usb:
items:
properties:
externalResourceProvider:
description: If true, KubeVirt will leave the allocation and monitoring to an external device plugin
type: boolean
resourceName:
description: 'Identifies the list of USB host devices. e.g: kubevirt.io/storage, kubevirt.io/bootable-usb, etc'
type: string
selectors:
items:
properties:
product:
type: string
vendor:
type: string
required:
- product
- vendor
type: object
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
required:
- resourceName
type: object
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
type: object
seccompConfiguration:
description: SeccompConfiguration holds Seccomp configuration for Kubevirt components
properties:
virtualMachineInstanceProfile:
description: VirtualMachineInstanceProfile defines what profile should be used with virt-launcher. Defaults to none
properties:
customProfile:
description: CustomProfile allows to request arbitrary profile for virt-launcher
properties:
localhostProfile:
type: string
runtimeDefaultProfile:
type: boolean
type: object
type: object
type: object
selinuxLauncherType:
type: string
smbios:
properties:
family:
type: string
manufacturer:
type: string
product:
type: string
sku:
type: string
version:
type: string
type: object
supportContainerResources:
description: SupportContainerResources specifies the resource requirements for various types of supporting containers such as container disks/virtiofs/sidecars and hotplug attachment pods. If omitted a sensible default will be supplied.
items:
description: SupportContainerResources are used to specify the cpu/memory request and limits for the containers that support various features of Virtual Machines. These containers are usually idle and don't require a lot of memory or cpu.
properties:
resources:
description: ResourceRequirements describes the compute resource requirements.
properties:
claims:
description: "Claims lists the names of resources, defined in spec.resourceClaims, that are used by this container. \n This is an alpha field and requires enabling the DynamicResourceAllocation feature gate. \n This field is immutable. It can only be set for containers."
items:
description: ResourceClaim references one entry in PodSpec.ResourceClaims.
properties:
name:
description: Name must match the name of one entry in pod.spec.resourceClaims of the Pod where this field is used. It makes that resource available inside a container.
type: string
required:
- name
type: object
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-map-keys:
- name
x-kubernetes-list-type: map
limits:
additionalProperties:
anyOf:
- type: integer
- type: string
pattern: ^(\+|-)?(([0-9]+(\.[0-9]*)?)|(\.[0-9]+))(([KMGTPE]i)|[numkMGTPE]|([eE](\+|-)?(([0-9]+(\.[0-9]*)?)|(\.[0-9]+))))?$
x-kubernetes-int-or-string: true
description: 'Limits describes the maximum amount of compute resources allowed. More info: path_to_url
type: object
requests:
additionalProperties:
anyOf:
- type: integer
- type: string
pattern: ^(\+|-)?(([0-9]+(\.[0-9]*)?)|(\.[0-9]+))(([KMGTPE]i)|[numkMGTPE]|([eE](\+|-)?(([0-9]+(\.[0-9]*)?)|(\.[0-9]+))))?$
x-kubernetes-int-or-string: true
description: 'Requests describes the minimum amount of compute resources required. If Requests is omitted for a container, it defaults to Limits if that is explicitly specified, otherwise to an implementation-defined value. More info: path_to_url
type: object
type: object
type:
type: string
required:
- resources
- type
type: object
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-map-keys:
- type
x-kubernetes-list-type: map
supportedGuestAgentVersions:
description: deprecated
items:
type: string
type: array
tlsConfiguration:
description: TLSConfiguration holds TLS options
properties:
ciphers:
items:
type: string
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: set
minTLSVersion:
description: "MinTLSVersion is a way to specify the minimum protocol version that is acceptable for TLS connections. Protocol versions are based on the following most common TLS configurations: \n path_to_url \n Note that SSLv3.0 is not a supported protocol version due to well known vulnerabilities such as POODLE: path_to_url"
enum:
- VersionTLS10
- VersionTLS11
- VersionTLS12
- VersionTLS13
type: string
type: object
virtualMachineInstancesPerNode:
type: integer
virtualMachineOptions:
description: VirtualMachineOptions holds the cluster level information regarding the virtual machine.
properties:
disableFreePageReporting:
description: DisableFreePageReporting disable the free page reporting of memory balloon device path_to_url#memory-balloon-device. This will have effect only if AutoattachMemBalloon is not false and the vmi is not requesting any high performance feature (dedicatedCPU/realtime/hugePages), in which free page reporting is always disabled.
type: object
disableSerialConsoleLog:
description: DisableSerialConsoleLog disables logging the auto-attached default serial console. If not set, serial console logs will be written to a file and then streamed from a container named 'guest-console-log'. The value can be individually overridden for each VM, not relevant if AutoattachSerialConsole is disabled.
type: object
type: object
vmStateStorageClass:
description: VMStateStorageClass is the name of the storage class to use for the PVCs created to preserve VM state, like TPM. The storage class must support RWX in filesystem mode.
type: string
webhookConfiguration:
description: ReloadableComponentConfiguration holds all generic k8s configuration options which can be reloaded by components without requiring a restart.
properties:
restClient:
description: RestClient can be used to tune certain aspects of the k8s client in use.
properties:
rateLimiter:
description: RateLimiter allows selecting and configuring different rate limiters for the k8s client.
properties:
tokenBucketRateLimiter:
properties:
burst:
description: Maximum burst for throttle. If it's zero, the component default will be used
type: integer
qps:
description: QPS indicates the maximum QPS to the apiserver from this client. If it's zero, the component default will be used
type: number
required:
- burst
- qps
type: object
type: object
type: object
type: object
type: object
customizeComponents:
properties:
flags:
description: Configure the value used for deployment and daemonset resources
properties:
api:
additionalProperties:
type: string
type: object
controller:
additionalProperties:
type: string
type: object
handler:
additionalProperties:
type: string
type: object
type: object
patches:
items:
properties:
patch:
type: string
resourceName:
minLength: 1
type: string
resourceType:
minLength: 1
type: string
type:
type: string
required:
- patch
- resourceName
- resourceType
- type
type: object
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
type: object
imagePullPolicy:
description: The ImagePullPolicy to use.
type: string
imagePullSecrets:
description: The imagePullSecrets to pull the container images from Defaults to none
items:
description: LocalObjectReference contains enough information to let you locate the referenced object inside the same namespace.
properties:
name:
description: 'Name of the referent. More info: path_to_url#names TODO: Add other useful fields. apiVersion, kind, uid?'
type: string
type: object
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
imageRegistry:
description: The image registry to pull the container images from Defaults to the same registry the operator's container image is pulled from.
type: string
imageTag:
description: The image tag to use for the continer images installed. Defaults to the same tag as the operator's container image.
type: string
infra:
description: selectors and tolerations that should apply to KubeVirt infrastructure components
properties:
nodePlacement:
description: nodePlacement describes scheduling configuration for specific KubeVirt components
properties:
affinity:
description: affinity enables pod affinity/anti-affinity placement expanding the types of constraints that can be expressed with nodeSelector. affinity is going to be applied to the relevant kind of pods in parallel with nodeSelector See path_to_url#affinity-and-anti-affinity
properties:
nodeAffinity:
description: Describes node affinity scheduling rules for the pod.
properties:
preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
description: The scheduler will prefer to schedule pods to nodes that satisfy the affinity expressions specified by this field, but it may choose a node that violates one or more of the expressions. The node that is most preferred is the one with the greatest sum of weights, i.e. for each node that meets all of the scheduling requirements (resource request, requiredDuringScheduling affinity expressions, etc.), compute a sum by iterating through the elements of this field and adding "weight" to the sum if the node matches the corresponding matchExpressions; the node(s) with the highest sum are the most preferred.
items:
description: An empty preferred scheduling term matches all objects with implicit weight 0 (i.e. it's a no-op). A null preferred scheduling term matches no objects (i.e. is also a no-op).
properties:
preference:
description: A node selector term, associated with the corresponding weight.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: A list of node selector requirements by node's labels.
items:
description: A node selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: The label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: Represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists, DoesNotExist. Gt, and Lt.
type: string
values:
description: An array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. If the operator is Gt or Lt, the values array must have a single element, which will be interpreted as an integer. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchFields:
description: A list of node selector requirements by node's fields.
items:
description: A node selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: The label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: Represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists, DoesNotExist. Gt, and Lt.
type: string
values:
description: An array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. If the operator is Gt or Lt, the values array must have a single element, which will be interpreted as an integer. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
type: object
weight:
description: Weight associated with matching the corresponding nodeSelectorTerm, in the range 1-100.
format: int32
type: integer
required:
- preference
- weight
type: object
type: array
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
description: If the affinity requirements specified by this field are not met at scheduling time, the pod will not be scheduled onto the node. If the affinity requirements specified by this field cease to be met at some point during pod execution (e.g. due to an update), the system may or may not try to eventually evict the pod from its node.
properties:
nodeSelectorTerms:
description: Required. A list of node selector terms. The terms are ORed.
items:
description: A null or empty node selector term matches no objects. The requirements of them are ANDed. The TopologySelectorTerm type implements a subset of the NodeSelectorTerm.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: A list of node selector requirements by node's labels.
items:
description: A node selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: The label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: Represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists, DoesNotExist. Gt, and Lt.
type: string
values:
description: An array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. If the operator is Gt or Lt, the values array must have a single element, which will be interpreted as an integer. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchFields:
description: A list of node selector requirements by node's fields.
items:
description: A node selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: The label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: Represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists, DoesNotExist. Gt, and Lt.
type: string
values:
description: An array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. If the operator is Gt or Lt, the values array must have a single element, which will be interpreted as an integer. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
type: object
type: array
required:
- nodeSelectorTerms
type: object
type: object
podAffinity:
description: Describes pod affinity scheduling rules (e.g. co-locate this pod in the same node, zone, etc. as some other pod(s)).
properties:
preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
description: The scheduler will prefer to schedule pods to nodes that satisfy the affinity expressions specified by this field, but it may choose a node that violates one or more of the expressions. The node that is most preferred is the one with the greatest sum of weights, i.e. for each node that meets all of the scheduling requirements (resource request, requiredDuringScheduling affinity expressions, etc.), compute a sum by iterating through the elements of this field and adding "weight" to the sum if the node has pods which matches the corresponding podAffinityTerm; the node(s) with the highest sum are the most preferred.
items:
description: The weights of all of the matched WeightedPodAffinityTerm fields are added per-node to find the most preferred node(s)
properties:
podAffinityTerm:
description: Required. A pod affinity term, associated with the corresponding weight.
properties:
labelSelector:
description: A label query over a set of resources, in this case pods.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaceSelector:
description: A label query over the set of namespaces that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces selected by this field and the ones listed in the namespaces field. null selector and null or empty namespaces list means "this pod's namespace". An empty selector ({}) matches all namespaces.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaces:
description: namespaces specifies a static list of namespace names that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces listed in this field and the ones selected by namespaceSelector. null or empty namespaces list and null namespaceSelector means "this pod's namespace".
items:
type: string
type: array
topologyKey:
description: This pod should be co-located (affinity) or not co-located (anti-affinity) with the pods matching the labelSelector in the specified namespaces, where co-located is defined as running on a node whose value of the label with key topologyKey matches that of any node on which any of the selected pods is running. Empty topologyKey is not allowed.
type: string
required:
- topologyKey
type: object
weight:
description: weight associated with matching the corresponding podAffinityTerm, in the range 1-100.
format: int32
type: integer
required:
- podAffinityTerm
- weight
type: object
type: array
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
description: If the affinity requirements specified by this field are not met at scheduling time, the pod will not be scheduled onto the node. If the affinity requirements specified by this field cease to be met at some point during pod execution (e.g. due to a pod label update), the system may or may not try to eventually evict the pod from its node. When there are multiple elements, the lists of nodes corresponding to each podAffinityTerm are intersected, i.e. all terms must be satisfied.
items:
description: Defines a set of pods (namely those matching the labelSelector relative to the given namespace(s)) that this pod should be co-located (affinity) or not co-located (anti-affinity) with, where co-located is defined as running on a node whose value of the label with key <topologyKey> matches that of any node on which a pod of the set of pods is running
properties:
labelSelector:
description: A label query over a set of resources, in this case pods.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaceSelector:
description: A label query over the set of namespaces that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces selected by this field and the ones listed in the namespaces field. null selector and null or empty namespaces list means "this pod's namespace". An empty selector ({}) matches all namespaces.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaces:
description: namespaces specifies a static list of namespace names that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces listed in this field and the ones selected by namespaceSelector. null or empty namespaces list and null namespaceSelector means "this pod's namespace".
items:
type: string
type: array
topologyKey:
description: This pod should be co-located (affinity) or not co-located (anti-affinity) with the pods matching the labelSelector in the specified namespaces, where co-located is defined as running on a node whose value of the label with key topologyKey matches that of any node on which any of the selected pods is running. Empty topologyKey is not allowed.
type: string
required:
- topologyKey
type: object
type: array
type: object
podAntiAffinity:
description: Describes pod anti-affinity scheduling rules (e.g. avoid putting this pod in the same node, zone, etc. as some other pod(s)).
properties:
preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
description: The scheduler will prefer to schedule pods to nodes that satisfy the anti-affinity expressions specified by this field, but it may choose a node that violates one or more of the expressions. The node that is most preferred is the one with the greatest sum of weights, i.e. for each node that meets all of the scheduling requirements (resource request, requiredDuringScheduling anti-affinity expressions, etc.), compute a sum by iterating through the elements of this field and adding "weight" to the sum if the node has pods which matches the corresponding podAffinityTerm; the node(s) with the highest sum are the most preferred.
items:
description: The weights of all of the matched WeightedPodAffinityTerm fields are added per-node to find the most preferred node(s)
properties:
podAffinityTerm:
description: Required. A pod affinity term, associated with the corresponding weight.
properties:
labelSelector:
description: A label query over a set of resources, in this case pods.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaceSelector:
description: A label query over the set of namespaces that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces selected by this field and the ones listed in the namespaces field. null selector and null or empty namespaces list means "this pod's namespace". An empty selector ({}) matches all namespaces.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaces:
description: namespaces specifies a static list of namespace names that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces listed in this field and the ones selected by namespaceSelector. null or empty namespaces list and null namespaceSelector means "this pod's namespace".
items:
type: string
type: array
topologyKey:
description: This pod should be co-located (affinity) or not co-located (anti-affinity) with the pods matching the labelSelector in the specified namespaces, where co-located is defined as running on a node whose value of the label with key topologyKey matches that of any node on which any of the selected pods is running. Empty topologyKey is not allowed.
type: string
required:
- topologyKey
type: object
weight:
description: weight associated with matching the corresponding podAffinityTerm, in the range 1-100.
format: int32
type: integer
required:
- podAffinityTerm
- weight
type: object
type: array
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
description: If the anti-affinity requirements specified by this field are not met at scheduling time, the pod will not be scheduled onto the node. If the anti-affinity requirements specified by this field cease to be met at some point during pod execution (e.g. due to a pod label update), the system may or may not try to eventually evict the pod from its node. When there are multiple elements, the lists of nodes corresponding to each podAffinityTerm are intersected, i.e. all terms must be satisfied.
items:
description: Defines a set of pods (namely those matching the labelSelector relative to the given namespace(s)) that this pod should be co-located (affinity) or not co-located (anti-affinity) with, where co-located is defined as running on a node whose value of the label with key <topologyKey> matches that of any node on which a pod of the set of pods is running
properties:
labelSelector:
description: A label query over a set of resources, in this case pods.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaceSelector:
description: A label query over the set of namespaces that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces selected by this field and the ones listed in the namespaces field. null selector and null or empty namespaces list means "this pod's namespace". An empty selector ({}) matches all namespaces.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaces:
description: namespaces specifies a static list of namespace names that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces listed in this field and the ones selected by namespaceSelector. null or empty namespaces list and null namespaceSelector means "this pod's namespace".
items:
type: string
type: array
topologyKey:
description: This pod should be co-located (affinity) or not co-located (anti-affinity) with the pods matching the labelSelector in the specified namespaces, where co-located is defined as running on a node whose value of the label with key topologyKey matches that of any node on which any of the selected pods is running. Empty topologyKey is not allowed.
type: string
required:
- topologyKey
type: object
type: array
type: object
type: object
nodeSelector:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: 'nodeSelector is the node selector applied to the relevant kind of pods It specifies a map of key-value pairs: for the pod to be eligible to run on a node, the node must have each of the indicated key-value pairs as labels (it can have additional labels as well). See path_to_url#nodeselector'
type: object
tolerations:
description: tolerations is a list of tolerations applied to the relevant kind of pods See path_to_url for more info. These are additional tolerations other than default ones.
items:
description: The pod this Toleration is attached to tolerates any taint that matches the triple <key,value,effect> using the matching operator <operator>.
properties:
effect:
description: Effect indicates the taint effect to match. Empty means match all taint effects. When specified, allowed values are NoSchedule, PreferNoSchedule and NoExecute.
type: string
key:
description: Key is the taint key that the toleration applies to. Empty means match all taint keys. If the key is empty, operator must be Exists; this combination means to match all values and all keys.
type: string
operator:
description: Operator represents a key's relationship to the value. Valid operators are Exists and Equal. Defaults to Equal. Exists is equivalent to wildcard for value, so that a pod can tolerate all taints of a particular category.
type: string
tolerationSeconds:
description: TolerationSeconds represents the period of time the toleration (which must be of effect NoExecute, otherwise this field is ignored) tolerates the taint. By default, it is not set, which means tolerate the taint forever (do not evict). Zero and negative values will be treated as 0 (evict immediately) by the system.
format: int64
type: integer
value:
description: Value is the taint value the toleration matches to. If the operator is Exists, the value should be empty, otherwise just a regular string.
type: string
type: object
type: array
type: object
replicas:
description: 'replicas indicates how many replicas should be created for each KubeVirt infrastructure component (like virt-api or virt-controller). Defaults to 2. WARNING: this is an advanced feature that prevents auto-scaling for core kubevirt components. Please use with caution!'
type: integer
type: object
monitorAccount:
description: The name of the Prometheus service account that needs read-access to KubeVirt endpoints Defaults to prometheus-k8s
type: string
monitorNamespace:
description: The namespace Prometheus is deployed in Defaults to openshift-monitor
type: string
productComponent:
description: Designate the apps.kubevirt.io/component label for KubeVirt components. Useful if KubeVirt is included as part of a product. If ProductComponent is not specified, the component label default value is kubevirt.
type: string
productName:
description: Designate the apps.kubevirt.io/part-of label for KubeVirt components. Useful if KubeVirt is included as part of a product. If ProductName is not specified, the part-of label will be omitted.
type: string
productVersion:
description: Designate the apps.kubevirt.io/version label for KubeVirt components. Useful if KubeVirt is included as part of a product. If ProductVersion is not specified, KubeVirt's version will be used.
type: string
serviceMonitorNamespace:
description: The namespace the service monitor will be deployed When ServiceMonitorNamespace is set, then we'll install the service monitor object in that namespace otherwise we will use the monitoring namespace.
type: string
uninstallStrategy:
description: Specifies if kubevirt can be deleted if workloads are still present. This is mainly a precaution to avoid accidental data loss
type: string
workloadUpdateStrategy:
description: WorkloadUpdateStrategy defines at the cluster level how to handle automated workload updates
properties:
batchEvictionInterval:
description: "BatchEvictionInterval Represents the interval to wait before issuing the next batch of shutdowns \n Defaults to 1 minute"
type: string
batchEvictionSize:
description: "BatchEvictionSize Represents the number of VMIs that can be forced updated per the BatchShutdownInteral interval \n Defaults to 10"
type: integer
workloadUpdateMethods:
description: "WorkloadUpdateMethods defines the methods that can be used to disrupt workloads during automated workload updates. When multiple methods are present, the least disruptive method takes precedence over more disruptive methods. For example if both LiveMigrate and Shutdown methods are listed, only VMs which are not live migratable will be restarted/shutdown \n An empty list defaults to no automated workload updating"
items:
type: string
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
type: object
workloads:
description: selectors and tolerations that should apply to KubeVirt workloads
properties:
nodePlacement:
description: nodePlacement describes scheduling configuration for specific KubeVirt components
properties:
affinity:
description: affinity enables pod affinity/anti-affinity placement expanding the types of constraints that can be expressed with nodeSelector. affinity is going to be applied to the relevant kind of pods in parallel with nodeSelector See path_to_url#affinity-and-anti-affinity
properties:
nodeAffinity:
description: Describes node affinity scheduling rules for the pod.
properties:
preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
description: The scheduler will prefer to schedule pods to nodes that satisfy the affinity expressions specified by this field, but it may choose a node that violates one or more of the expressions. The node that is most preferred is the one with the greatest sum of weights, i.e. for each node that meets all of the scheduling requirements (resource request, requiredDuringScheduling affinity expressions, etc.), compute a sum by iterating through the elements of this field and adding "weight" to the sum if the node matches the corresponding matchExpressions; the node(s) with the highest sum are the most preferred.
items:
description: An empty preferred scheduling term matches all objects with implicit weight 0 (i.e. it's a no-op). A null preferred scheduling term matches no objects (i.e. is also a no-op).
properties:
preference:
description: A node selector term, associated with the corresponding weight.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: A list of node selector requirements by node's labels.
items:
description: A node selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: The label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: Represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists, DoesNotExist. Gt, and Lt.
type: string
values:
description: An array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. If the operator is Gt or Lt, the values array must have a single element, which will be interpreted as an integer. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchFields:
description: A list of node selector requirements by node's fields.
items:
description: A node selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: The label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: Represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists, DoesNotExist. Gt, and Lt.
type: string
values:
description: An array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. If the operator is Gt or Lt, the values array must have a single element, which will be interpreted as an integer. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
type: object
weight:
description: Weight associated with matching the corresponding nodeSelectorTerm, in the range 1-100.
format: int32
type: integer
required:
- preference
- weight
type: object
type: array
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
description: If the affinity requirements specified by this field are not met at scheduling time, the pod will not be scheduled onto the node. If the affinity requirements specified by this field cease to be met at some point during pod execution (e.g. due to an update), the system may or may not try to eventually evict the pod from its node.
properties:
nodeSelectorTerms:
description: Required. A list of node selector terms. The terms are ORed.
items:
description: A null or empty node selector term matches no objects. The requirements of them are ANDed. The TopologySelectorTerm type implements a subset of the NodeSelectorTerm.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: A list of node selector requirements by node's labels.
items:
description: A node selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: The label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: Represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists, DoesNotExist. Gt, and Lt.
type: string
values:
description: An array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. If the operator is Gt or Lt, the values array must have a single element, which will be interpreted as an integer. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchFields:
description: A list of node selector requirements by node's fields.
items:
description: A node selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: The label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: Represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists, DoesNotExist. Gt, and Lt.
type: string
values:
description: An array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. If the operator is Gt or Lt, the values array must have a single element, which will be interpreted as an integer. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
type: object
type: array
required:
- nodeSelectorTerms
type: object
type: object
podAffinity:
description: Describes pod affinity scheduling rules (e.g. co-locate this pod in the same node, zone, etc. as some other pod(s)).
properties:
preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
description: The scheduler will prefer to schedule pods to nodes that satisfy the affinity expressions specified by this field, but it may choose a node that violates one or more of the expressions. The node that is most preferred is the one with the greatest sum of weights, i.e. for each node that meets all of the scheduling requirements (resource request, requiredDuringScheduling affinity expressions, etc.), compute a sum by iterating through the elements of this field and adding "weight" to the sum if the node has pods which matches the corresponding podAffinityTerm; the node(s) with the highest sum are the most preferred.
items:
description: The weights of all of the matched WeightedPodAffinityTerm fields are added per-node to find the most preferred node(s)
properties:
podAffinityTerm:
description: Required. A pod affinity term, associated with the corresponding weight.
properties:
labelSelector:
description: A label query over a set of resources, in this case pods.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaceSelector:
description: A label query over the set of namespaces that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces selected by this field and the ones listed in the namespaces field. null selector and null or empty namespaces list means "this pod's namespace". An empty selector ({}) matches all namespaces.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaces:
description: namespaces specifies a static list of namespace names that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces listed in this field and the ones selected by namespaceSelector. null or empty namespaces list and null namespaceSelector means "this pod's namespace".
items:
type: string
type: array
topologyKey:
description: This pod should be co-located (affinity) or not co-located (anti-affinity) with the pods matching the labelSelector in the specified namespaces, where co-located is defined as running on a node whose value of the label with key topologyKey matches that of any node on which any of the selected pods is running. Empty topologyKey is not allowed.
type: string
required:
- topologyKey
type: object
weight:
description: weight associated with matching the corresponding podAffinityTerm, in the range 1-100.
format: int32
type: integer
required:
- podAffinityTerm
- weight
type: object
type: array
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
description: If the affinity requirements specified by this field are not met at scheduling time, the pod will not be scheduled onto the node. If the affinity requirements specified by this field cease to be met at some point during pod execution (e.g. due to a pod label update), the system may or may not try to eventually evict the pod from its node. When there are multiple elements, the lists of nodes corresponding to each podAffinityTerm are intersected, i.e. all terms must be satisfied.
items:
description: Defines a set of pods (namely those matching the labelSelector relative to the given namespace(s)) that this pod should be co-located (affinity) or not co-located (anti-affinity) with, where co-located is defined as running on a node whose value of the label with key <topologyKey> matches that of any node on which a pod of the set of pods is running
properties:
labelSelector:
description: A label query over a set of resources, in this case pods.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaceSelector:
description: A label query over the set of namespaces that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces selected by this field and the ones listed in the namespaces field. null selector and null or empty namespaces list means "this pod's namespace". An empty selector ({}) matches all namespaces.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaces:
description: namespaces specifies a static list of namespace names that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces listed in this field and the ones selected by namespaceSelector. null or empty namespaces list and null namespaceSelector means "this pod's namespace".
items:
type: string
type: array
topologyKey:
description: This pod should be co-located (affinity) or not co-located (anti-affinity) with the pods matching the labelSelector in the specified namespaces, where co-located is defined as running on a node whose value of the label with key topologyKey matches that of any node on which any of the selected pods is running. Empty topologyKey is not allowed.
type: string
required:
- topologyKey
type: object
type: array
type: object
podAntiAffinity:
description: Describes pod anti-affinity scheduling rules (e.g. avoid putting this pod in the same node, zone, etc. as some other pod(s)).
properties:
preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
description: The scheduler will prefer to schedule pods to nodes that satisfy the anti-affinity expressions specified by this field, but it may choose a node that violates one or more of the expressions. The node that is most preferred is the one with the greatest sum of weights, i.e. for each node that meets all of the scheduling requirements (resource request, requiredDuringScheduling anti-affinity expressions, etc.), compute a sum by iterating through the elements of this field and adding "weight" to the sum if the node has pods which matches the corresponding podAffinityTerm; the node(s) with the highest sum are the most preferred.
items:
description: The weights of all of the matched WeightedPodAffinityTerm fields are added per-node to find the most preferred node(s)
properties:
podAffinityTerm:
description: Required. A pod affinity term, associated with the corresponding weight.
properties:
labelSelector:
description: A label query over a set of resources, in this case pods.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaceSelector:
description: A label query over the set of namespaces that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces selected by this field and the ones listed in the namespaces field. null selector and null or empty namespaces list means "this pod's namespace". An empty selector ({}) matches all namespaces.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaces:
description: namespaces specifies a static list of namespace names that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces listed in this field and the ones selected by namespaceSelector. null or empty namespaces list and null namespaceSelector means "this pod's namespace".
items:
type: string
type: array
topologyKey:
description: This pod should be co-located (affinity) or not co-located (anti-affinity) with the pods matching the labelSelector in the specified namespaces, where co-located is defined as running on a node whose value of the label with key topologyKey matches that of any node on which any of the selected pods is running. Empty topologyKey is not allowed.
type: string
required:
- topologyKey
type: object
weight:
description: weight associated with matching the corresponding podAffinityTerm, in the range 1-100.
format: int32
type: integer
required:
- podAffinityTerm
- weight
type: object
type: array
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
description: If the anti-affinity requirements specified by this field are not met at scheduling time, the pod will not be scheduled onto the node. If the anti-affinity requirements specified by this field cease to be met at some point during pod execution (e.g. due to a pod label update), the system may or may not try to eventually evict the pod from its node. When there are multiple elements, the lists of nodes corresponding to each podAffinityTerm are intersected, i.e. all terms must be satisfied.
items:
description: Defines a set of pods (namely those matching the labelSelector relative to the given namespace(s)) that this pod should be co-located (affinity) or not co-located (anti-affinity) with, where co-located is defined as running on a node whose value of the label with key <topologyKey> matches that of any node on which a pod of the set of pods is running
properties:
labelSelector:
description: A label query over a set of resources, in this case pods.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaceSelector:
description: A label query over the set of namespaces that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces selected by this field and the ones listed in the namespaces field. null selector and null or empty namespaces list means "this pod's namespace". An empty selector ({}) matches all namespaces.
properties:
matchExpressions:
description: matchExpressions is a list of label selector requirements. The requirements are ANDed.
items:
description: A label selector requirement is a selector that contains values, a key, and an operator that relates the key and values.
properties:
key:
description: key is the label key that the selector applies to.
type: string
operator:
description: operator represents a key's relationship to a set of values. Valid operators are In, NotIn, Exists and DoesNotExist.
type: string
values:
description: values is an array of string values. If the operator is In or NotIn, the values array must be non-empty. If the operator is Exists or DoesNotExist, the values array must be empty. This array is replaced during a strategic merge patch.
items:
type: string
type: array
required:
- key
- operator
type: object
type: array
matchLabels:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: matchLabels is a map of {key,value} pairs. A single {key,value} in the matchLabels map is equivalent to an element of matchExpressions, whose key field is "key", the operator is "In", and the values array contains only "value". The requirements are ANDed.
type: object
type: object
namespaces:
description: namespaces specifies a static list of namespace names that the term applies to. The term is applied to the union of the namespaces listed in this field and the ones selected by namespaceSelector. null or empty namespaces list and null namespaceSelector means "this pod's namespace".
items:
type: string
type: array
topologyKey:
description: This pod should be co-located (affinity) or not co-located (anti-affinity) with the pods matching the labelSelector in the specified namespaces, where co-located is defined as running on a node whose value of the label with key topologyKey matches that of any node on which any of the selected pods is running. Empty topologyKey is not allowed.
type: string
required:
- topologyKey
type: object
type: array
type: object
type: object
nodeSelector:
additionalProperties:
type: string
description: 'nodeSelector is the node selector applied to the relevant kind of pods It specifies a map of key-value pairs: for the pod to be eligible to run on a node, the node must have each of the indicated key-value pairs as labels (it can have additional labels as well). See path_to_url#nodeselector'
type: object
tolerations:
description: tolerations is a list of tolerations applied to the relevant kind of pods See path_to_url for more info. These are additional tolerations other than default ones.
items:
description: The pod this Toleration is attached to tolerates any taint that matches the triple <key,value,effect> using the matching operator <operator>.
properties:
effect:
description: Effect indicates the taint effect to match. Empty means match all taint effects. When specified, allowed values are NoSchedule, PreferNoSchedule and NoExecute.
type: string
key:
description: Key is the taint key that the toleration applies to. Empty means match all taint keys. If the key is empty, operator must be Exists; this combination means to match all values and all keys.
type: string
operator:
description: Operator represents a key's relationship to the value. Valid operators are Exists and Equal. Defaults to Equal. Exists is equivalent to wildcard for value, so that a pod can tolerate all taints of a particular category.
type: string
tolerationSeconds:
description: TolerationSeconds represents the period of time the toleration (which must be of effect NoExecute, otherwise this field is ignored) tolerates the taint. By default, it is not set, which means tolerate the taint forever (do not evict). Zero and negative values will be treated as 0 (evict immediately) by the system.
format: int64
type: integer
value:
description: Value is the taint value the toleration matches to. If the operator is Exists, the value should be empty, otherwise just a regular string.
type: string
type: object
type: array
type: object
replicas:
description: 'replicas indicates how many replicas should be created for each KubeVirt infrastructure component (like virt-api or virt-controller). Defaults to 2. WARNING: this is an advanced feature that prevents auto-scaling for core kubevirt components. Please use with caution!'
type: integer
type: object
type: object
status:
description: KubeVirtStatus represents information pertaining to a KubeVirt deployment.
properties:
conditions:
items:
description: KubeVirtCondition represents a condition of a KubeVirt deployment
properties:
lastProbeTime:
format: date-time
nullable: true
type: string
lastTransitionTime:
format: date-time
nullable: true
type: string
message:
type: string
reason:
type: string
status:
type: string
type:
type: string
required:
- status
- type
type: object
type: array
defaultArchitecture:
type: string
generations:
items:
description: GenerationStatus keeps track of the generation for a given resource so that decisions about forced updates can be made.
properties:
group:
description: group is the group of the thing you're tracking
type: string
hash:
description: hash is an optional field set for resources without generation that are content sensitive like secrets and configmaps
type: string
lastGeneration:
description: lastGeneration is the last generation of the workload controller involved
format: int64
type: integer
name:
description: name is the name of the thing you're tracking
type: string
namespace:
description: namespace is where the thing you're tracking is
type: string
resource:
description: resource is the resource type of the thing you're tracking
type: string
required:
- group
- lastGeneration
- name
- resource
type: object
type: array
x-kubernetes-list-type: atomic
observedDeploymentConfig:
type: string
observedDeploymentID:
type: string
observedGeneration:
format: int64
type: integer
observedKubeVirtRegistry:
type: string
observedKubeVirtVersion:
type: string
operatorVersion:
type: string
outdatedVirtualMachineInstanceWorkloads:
type: integer
phase:
description: KubeVirtPhase is a label for the phase of a KubeVirt deployment at the current time.
type: string
targetDeploymentConfig:
type: string
targetDeploymentID:
type: string
targetKubeVirtRegistry:
type: string
targetKubeVirtVersion:
type: string
type: object
required:
- spec
type: object
served: true
storage: false
subresources:
status: {}
``` |
```c++
/*
* All rights reserved.
*
* This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
* LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
* of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
*/
#include <jni/LocalString.h>
#include <fb/Environment.h>
#include <fb/assert.h>
#include <vector>
namespace facebook {
namespace jni {
namespace {
const uint16_t kUtf8OneByteBoundary = 0x80;
const uint16_t kUtf8TwoBytesBoundary = 0x800;
const uint16_t kUtf16HighSubLowBoundary = 0xD800;
const uint16_t kUtf16HighSubHighBoundary = 0xDC00;
const uint16_t kUtf16LowSubHighBoundary = 0xE000;
inline void encode3ByteUTF8(char32_t code, uint8_t* out) {
FBASSERTMSGF((code & 0xffff0000) == 0, "3 byte utf-8 encodings only valid for up to 16 bits");
out[0] = 0xE0 | (code >> 12);
out[1] = 0x80 | ((code >> 6) & 0x3F);
out[2] = 0x80 | (code & 0x3F);
}
inline char32_t decode3ByteUTF8(const uint8_t* in) {
return (((in[0] & 0x0f) << 12) |
((in[1] & 0x3f) << 6) |
( in[2] & 0x3f));
}
inline void encode4ByteUTF8(char32_t code, std::string& out, size_t offset) {
FBASSERTMSGF((code & 0xfff80000) == 0, "4 byte utf-8 encodings only valid for up to 21 bits");
out[offset] = (char) (0xF0 | (code >> 18));
out[offset + 1] = (char) (0x80 | ((code >> 12) & 0x3F));
out[offset + 2] = (char) (0x80 | ((code >> 6) & 0x3F));
out[offset + 3] = (char) (0x80 | (code & 0x3F));
}
template <typename T>
inline bool isFourByteUTF8Encoding(const T* utf8) {
return ((*utf8 & 0xF8) == 0xF0);
}
}
namespace detail {
size_t modifiedLength(const std::string& str) {
// Scan for supplementary characters
size_t j = 0;
for (size_t i = 0; i < str.size(); ) {
if (str[i] == 0) {
i += 1;
j += 2;
} else if (i + 4 > str.size() ||
!isFourByteUTF8Encoding(&(str[i]))) {
// See the code in utf8ToModifiedUTF8 for what's happening here.
i += 1;
j += 1;
} else {
i += 4;
j += 6;
}
}
return j;
}
// returns modified utf8 length; *length is set to strlen(str)
size_t modifiedLength(const uint8_t* str, size_t* length) {
// NUL-terminated: Scan for length and supplementary characters
size_t i = 0;
size_t j = 0;
if (str != nullptr) {
while (str[i] != 0) {
if (str[i + 1] == 0 ||
str[i + 2] == 0 ||
str[i + 3] == 0 ||
!isFourByteUTF8Encoding(&(str[i]))) {
i += 1;
j += 1;
} else {
i += 4;
j += 6;
}
}
}
*length = i;
return j;
}
void utf8ToModifiedUTF8(const uint8_t* utf8, size_t len, uint8_t* modified, size_t modifiedBufLen)
{
size_t j = 0;
for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ) {
FBASSERTMSGF(j < modifiedBufLen, "output buffer is too short");
if (utf8[i] == 0) {
FBASSERTMSGF(j + 1 < modifiedBufLen, "output buffer is too short");
modified[j] = 0xc0;
modified[j + 1] = 0x80;
i += 1;
j += 2;
continue;
}
if (i + 4 > len ||
!isFourByteUTF8Encoding(utf8 + i)) {
// If the input is too short for this to be a four-byte
// encoding, or it isn't one for real, just copy it on through.
modified[j] = utf8[i];
i++;
j++;
continue;
}
// Convert 4 bytes of input to 2 * 3 bytes of output
char32_t code = (((utf8[i] & 0x07) << 18) |
((utf8[i + 1] & 0x3f) << 12) |
((utf8[i + 2] & 0x3f) << 6) |
( utf8[i + 3] & 0x3f));
char32_t first;
char32_t second;
if (code > 0x10ffff) {
// These could be valid utf-8, but cannot be represented as modified UTF-8, due to the 20-bit
// limit on that representation. Encode two replacement characters, so the expected output
// length lines up.
const char32_t kUnicodeReplacementChar = 0xfffd;
first = kUnicodeReplacementChar;
second = kUnicodeReplacementChar;
} else {
// split into surrogate pair
first = ((code - 0x010000) >> 10) | 0xd800;
second = ((code - 0x010000) & 0x3ff) | 0xdc00;
}
// encode each as a 3 byte surrogate value
FBASSERTMSGF(j + 5 < modifiedBufLen, "output buffer is too short");
encode3ByteUTF8(first, modified + j);
encode3ByteUTF8(second, modified + j + 3);
i += 4;
j += 6;
}
FBASSERTMSGF(j < modifiedBufLen, "output buffer is too short");
modified[j++] = '\0';
}
std::string modifiedUTF8ToUTF8(const uint8_t* modified, size_t len) noexcept {
// Converting from modified utf8 to utf8 will always shrink, so this will always be sufficient
std::string utf8(len, 0);
size_t j = 0;
for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ) {
// surrogate pair: 1101 10xx xxxx xxxx 1101 11xx xxxx xxxx
// encoded pair: 1110 1101 1010 xxxx 10xx xxxx 1110 1101 1011 xxxx 10xx xxxx
if (len >= i + 6 &&
modified[i] == 0xed &&
(modified[i + 1] & 0xf0) == 0xa0 &&
modified[i + 3] == 0xed &&
(modified[i + 4] & 0xf0) == 0xb0) {
// Valid surrogate pair
char32_t pair1 = decode3ByteUTF8(modified + i);
char32_t pair2 = decode3ByteUTF8(modified + i + 3);
char32_t ch = 0x10000 + (((pair1 & 0x3ff) << 10) |
( pair2 & 0x3ff));
encode4ByteUTF8(ch, utf8, j);
i += 6;
j += 4;
continue;
} else if (len >= i + 2 &&
modified[i] == 0xc0 &&
modified[i + 1] == 0x80) {
utf8[j] = 0;
i += 2;
j += 1;
continue;
}
// copy one byte. This might be a one, two, or three-byte encoding. It might be an invalid
// encoding of some sort, but garbage in garbage out is ok.
utf8[j] = (char) modified[i];
i++;
j++;
}
utf8.resize(j);
return utf8;
}
// Calculate how many bytes are needed to convert an UTF16 string into UTF8
// UTF16 string
size_t utf16toUTF8Length(const uint16_t* utf16String, size_t utf16StringLen) {
if (!utf16String || utf16StringLen == 0) {
return 0;
}
uint32_t utf8StringLen = 0;
auto utf16StringEnd = utf16String + utf16StringLen;
auto idx16 = utf16String;
while (idx16 < utf16StringEnd) {
auto ch = *idx16++;
if (ch < kUtf8OneByteBoundary) {
utf8StringLen++;
} else if (ch < kUtf8TwoBytesBoundary) {
utf8StringLen += 2;
} else if (
(ch >= kUtf16HighSubLowBoundary) && (ch < kUtf16HighSubHighBoundary) &&
(idx16 < utf16StringEnd) &&
(*idx16 >= kUtf16HighSubHighBoundary) && (*idx16 < kUtf16LowSubHighBoundary)) {
utf8StringLen += 4;
idx16++;
} else {
utf8StringLen += 3;
}
}
return utf8StringLen;
}
std::string utf16toUTF8(const uint16_t* utf16String, size_t utf16StringLen) noexcept {
if (!utf16String || utf16StringLen <= 0) {
return "";
}
std::string utf8String(utf16toUTF8Length(utf16String, utf16StringLen), '\0');
auto idx8 = utf8String.begin();
auto idx16 = utf16String;
auto utf16StringEnd = utf16String + utf16StringLen;
while (idx16 < utf16StringEnd) {
auto ch = *idx16++;
if (ch < kUtf8OneByteBoundary) {
*idx8++ = (ch & 0x7F);
} else if (ch < kUtf8TwoBytesBoundary) {
*idx8++ = 0b11000000 | (ch >> 6);
*idx8++ = 0b10000000 | (ch & 0x3F);
} else if (
(ch >= kUtf16HighSubLowBoundary) && (ch < kUtf16HighSubHighBoundary) &&
(idx16 < utf16StringEnd) &&
(*idx16 >= kUtf16HighSubHighBoundary) && (*idx16 < kUtf16LowSubHighBoundary)) {
auto ch2 = *idx16++;
uint8_t trunc_byte = (((ch >> 6) & 0x0F) + 1);
*idx8++ = 0b11110000 | (trunc_byte >> 2);
*idx8++ = 0b10000000 | ((trunc_byte & 0x03) << 4) | ((ch >> 2) & 0x0F);
*idx8++ = 0b10000000 | ((ch & 0x03) << 4) | ((ch2 >> 6) & 0x0F);
*idx8++ = 0b10000000 | (ch2 & 0x3F);
} else {
*idx8++ = 0b11100000 | (ch >> 12);
*idx8++ = 0b10000000 | ((ch >> 6) & 0x3F);
*idx8++ = 0b10000000 | (ch & 0x3F);
}
}
return utf8String;
}
}
LocalString::LocalString(const std::string& str)
{
size_t modlen = detail::modifiedLength(str);
if (modlen == str.size()) {
// no supplementary characters, build jstring from input buffer
m_string = Environment::current()->NewStringUTF(str.data());
return;
}
auto modified = std::vector<char>(modlen + 1); // allocate extra byte for \0
detail::utf8ToModifiedUTF8(
reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(str.data()), str.size(),
reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(modified.data()), modified.size());
m_string = Environment::current()->NewStringUTF(modified.data());
}
LocalString::LocalString(const char* str)
{
size_t len;
size_t modlen = detail::modifiedLength(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(str), &len);
if (modlen == len) {
// no supplementary characters, build jstring from input buffer
m_string = Environment::current()->NewStringUTF(str);
return;
}
auto modified = std::vector<char>(modlen + 1); // allocate extra byte for \0
detail::utf8ToModifiedUTF8(
reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(str), len,
reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(modified.data()), modified.size());
m_string = Environment::current()->NewStringUTF(modified.data());
}
LocalString::~LocalString() {
Environment::current()->DeleteLocalRef(m_string);
}
std::string fromJString(JNIEnv* env, jstring str) {
auto utf16String = JStringUtf16Extractor(env, str);
return detail::utf16toUTF8(utf16String.chars(), utf16String.length());
}
} }
``` |
The women's 400-metre individual medley event at the 2001 World Aquatic Championships took place 22 July. Both the heats and final were held on 22 July.
Records
Prior to the competition, the existing world and championship records were as follows.
Results
Heats
Final
Key: WR = World record
References
Swimming at the 2001 World Aquatics Championships |
```java
package org.web3j.tuples.generated;
import org.web3j.tuples.Tuple;
/**
* Auto generated code.
* <p><strong>Do not modifiy!</strong>
* <p>Please use org.web3j.codegen.TupleGenerator in the
* <a href="path_to_url">codegen module</a> to update.
*/
public final class Tuple10<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10> implements Tuple {
private static final int SIZE = 10;
private final T1 value1;
private final T2 value2;
private final T3 value3;
private final T4 value4;
private final T5 value5;
private final T6 value6;
private final T7 value7;
private final T8 value8;
private final T9 value9;
private final T10 value10;
public Tuple10(T1 value1, T2 value2, T3 value3, T4 value4, T5 value5, T6 value6, T7 value7, T8 value8, T9 value9, T10 value10) {
this.value1 = value1;
this.value2 = value2;
this.value3 = value3;
this.value4 = value4;
this.value5 = value5;
this.value6 = value6;
this.value7 = value7;
this.value8 = value8;
this.value9 = value9;
this.value10 = value10;
}
/**
* @deprecated use 'component1' method instead
* @return returns a value
* */
@Deprecated
public T1 getValue1() {
return value1;
}
public T1 component1() {
return value1;
}
/**
* @deprecated use 'component2' method instead
* @return returns a value
* */
@Deprecated
public T2 getValue2() {
return value2;
}
public T2 component2() {
return value2;
}
/**
* @deprecated use 'component3' method instead
* @return returns a value
* */
@Deprecated
public T3 getValue3() {
return value3;
}
public T3 component3() {
return value3;
}
/**
* @deprecated use 'component4' method instead
* @return returns a value
* */
@Deprecated
public T4 getValue4() {
return value4;
}
public T4 component4() {
return value4;
}
/**
* @deprecated use 'component5' method instead
* @return returns a value
* */
@Deprecated
public T5 getValue5() {
return value5;
}
public T5 component5() {
return value5;
}
/**
* @deprecated use 'component6' method instead
* @return returns a value
* */
@Deprecated
public T6 getValue6() {
return value6;
}
public T6 component6() {
return value6;
}
/**
* @deprecated use 'component7' method instead
* @return returns a value
* */
@Deprecated
public T7 getValue7() {
return value7;
}
public T7 component7() {
return value7;
}
/**
* @deprecated use 'component8' method instead
* @return returns a value
* */
@Deprecated
public T8 getValue8() {
return value8;
}
public T8 component8() {
return value8;
}
/**
* @deprecated use 'component9' method instead
* @return a value */
@Deprecated
public T9 getValue9() {
return value9;
}
public T9 component9() {
return value9;
}
/**
* @deprecated use 'component10' method instead
* @return returns a value
* */
@Deprecated
public T10 getValue10() {
return value10;
}
public T10 component10() {
return value10;
}
@Override
public int getSize() {
return SIZE;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object o) {
if (this == o) {
return true;
}
if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) {
return false;
}
Tuple10<?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?> tuple10 = (Tuple10<?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?>) o;
if (value1 != null ? !value1.equals(tuple10.value1) : tuple10.value1 != null) {
return false;
}
if (value2 != null ? !value2.equals(tuple10.value2) : tuple10.value2 != null) {
return false;
}
if (value3 != null ? !value3.equals(tuple10.value3) : tuple10.value3 != null) {
return false;
}
if (value4 != null ? !value4.equals(tuple10.value4) : tuple10.value4 != null) {
return false;
}
if (value5 != null ? !value5.equals(tuple10.value5) : tuple10.value5 != null) {
return false;
}
if (value6 != null ? !value6.equals(tuple10.value6) : tuple10.value6 != null) {
return false;
}
if (value7 != null ? !value7.equals(tuple10.value7) : tuple10.value7 != null) {
return false;
}
if (value8 != null ? !value8.equals(tuple10.value8) : tuple10.value8 != null) {
return false;
}
if (value9 != null ? !value9.equals(tuple10.value9) : tuple10.value9 != null) {
return false;
}
return value10 != null ? value10.equals(tuple10.value10) : tuple10.value10 == null;
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
int result = value1.hashCode();
result = 31 * result + (value2 != null ? value2.hashCode() : 0);
result = 31 * result + (value3 != null ? value3.hashCode() : 0);
result = 31 * result + (value4 != null ? value4.hashCode() : 0);
result = 31 * result + (value5 != null ? value5.hashCode() : 0);
result = 31 * result + (value6 != null ? value6.hashCode() : 0);
result = 31 * result + (value7 != null ? value7.hashCode() : 0);
result = 31 * result + (value8 != null ? value8.hashCode() : 0);
result = 31 * result + (value9 != null ? value9.hashCode() : 0);
result = 31 * result + (value10 != null ? value10.hashCode() : 0);
return result;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Tuple10{" +
"value1=" + value1 +
", value2=" + value2 +
", value3=" + value3 +
", value4=" + value4 +
", value5=" + value5 +
", value6=" + value6 +
", value7=" + value7 +
", value8=" + value8 +
", value9=" + value9 +
", value10=" + value10 +
"}";
}
}
``` |
Donald William "Don" Bayley (9 October 1931 – 5 May 1983) was an Australian weightlifter. He competed in the men's middleweight event at the 1960 Summer Olympics.
References
External links
1931 births
1983 deaths
Australian male weightlifters
Olympic weightlifters for Australia
Weightlifters at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Sportsmen from Queensland
20th-century Australian people
21st-century Australian people |
is a Japanese softball left-handed pitcher for the Japan women's national softball team. She represented Japan at the 2020 Summer Olympics and won a gold medal.
Playing career
She participated at the 2019 WBSC U-19 Women's Softball World Cup, winning a silver medal.
She plays for Toyota Red Terriers.
Notes
External links
2001 births
Living people
Japanese softball players
Medalists at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Olympic softball players for Japan
Olympic gold medalists for Japan
Olympic medalists in softball
Softball players at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Competitors at the 2022 World Games
World Games silver medalists
World Games medalists in softball
21st-century Japanese women |
Nicolas Chaix, also known by his alias I:Cube, is a French DJ and an electronic music producer.
Paris based, he first gained limelight on Paris' underground dance scene in the mid to late 1990s, most notably through his remix of "Around The World" by Daft Punk in 1997. Daft Punk had remixed one of his titles, "Disco Cubizm", in 1996.
In 1997, I:Cube released his first album, Picnic Attack.
His music appears on many compilation albums such as the Hotel Costes series.
Château Flight
In 1996, DJ Gilb'R, who then a programmer at Radio Nova, received a demo cassette from I:Cube. Gilb'R was impressed, so he made him the first artist of his newly created label, Versatile. By 1997, Versatile had released several of I:Cube's records. Chaix and Cohen eventually began to collaborate as Château Flight (). Their first album, Puzzle was released by Versatile on October 30, 2001.
Discography
As I:Cube
1997 - Picnic Attack
1999 - Adore
2003 - 3
2006 - Live At The Planetarium
2012 - "M" Mega mix
2018 - Double Pack
With Château Flight
Albums
2000 - Puzzle
2002 - Crash Test (with La Caution)
2004 - Remix
2006 - Les Vampires (Original Soundtrack)
References
External links
RBMA Radio On Demand - Train Wreck Mix - I:Cube (Versatile, Paris)
French dance musicians
French house musicians
French record producers
Living people
Remixers
Year of birth missing (living people) |
Brachynemata is a genus of moths of the family Oecophoridae.
Species
Brachynemata aphanes (Meyrick, 1884)
Brachynemata cingulata Meyrick, 1885
Brachynemata diantha (Meyrick, 1913)
Brachynemata epiphragma (Meyrick, 1888)
Brachynemata ichneuta (Meyrick, 1888)
Brachynemata leucanepsia (Turner, 1940)
Brachynemata mimopa (Meyrick, 1902)
Brachynemata ochrolitha (Lower, 1903)
Brachynemata ombrodes (Lower, 1897)
Brachynemata restricta (Meyrick, 1920)
References
Markku Savela's ftp.funet.fi
Oecophorinae |
is a Japanese shōjo manga artist. She debuted in 1978 with the short story Koi wa Happy Snow ni Notte (monthly HITOMI, AKITA Publishing CO.,LTD).
Selected bibliography
Shōjo manga
Lady!! (レディ!!)
The manga was adapted into anime television series - Lady Lady!! and Hello! Lady Lynn in 1987 by Toei Animation Co.,Ltd..
Lady Lynn! (レディ リン!)
a sequel to Lady!!
Lynn no Kodomotachi & Peter Pan (リンのこどもたち&ぴぃたぁぱん)
Hanabusa's official dojinshi that focuses on twin children of Lynn and Edward.
Premier Muguet (プルミエ・ミュゲ) story by Kyoko Mizuki
Heart ni Aozora Yohou (ハートに青空予報)
Kirameki Green Age (きらめきグリーンエイジ)
Milk Miracle (みるく みらくる)
Majinai Ningyou (呪い人形)
Time Princess (タイムプリンセス)
Kurayami no Yubiwa (暗闇の指輪)
Hoho Yosete Dakishimete (ほほよせて抱きしめて)
Yaneura Beya e Youkoso (屋根裏部屋へようこそ)
Hatsukoi Swimming (初恋スイミング)
Engage Kiss (エンゲージ・キス)
Jooubachi (女王蜂)
Roma no Kyuujitu (ローマの休日) adapted from Roman Holiday Paramount Pictures
Manga adaptations of western romance novels
Idol Dreams リッツで夕食 (Charlotte Lamb, A Wild Affair) Dark Horse Comics, Inc.
鏡の中の女 (Charlotte Lamb, The Devil's Arm)
恋の砂漠 (Charlotte Lamb, Desert Barbarian)
ローレライ愛の調べ (Lucy Gordon, Song of the Lorelei)
手紙 (Lucy Gordon, Farelli's Wife)
ある日突然結婚 (Diana Hamilton, An Inconvenient Marriage)
身代わりプリンセス (Tracy Sinclair, The Princess Gets Engaged)
王子様とわたし (Elizabeth Harbison, Annie and the Prince)
いつしか求愛 (Carole Mortimer, To Woo a Wife)
あこがれる心の裏で (Carole Mortimer, To Be a Husband)
今夜だけのパートナー (Carole Mortimer, To Be a Bridegroom)
悩める伯爵 (Anne Ashley, The Earl of Rayne's Ward)
消えた子爵夫人 (Anne Ashley, Lady Linford's Return)
泥棒は恋の始まり (Anne Gracie, An Honourable Thief)
献身 (Violet Winspear, Passionate Sinner)
ハリウッドの天使 (Violet Winspear, Lucifer's Angel)
情熱のマスカレード (Emma Darcy, The Power and the Passion)
王子様は、ある日突然 (Miranda Lee, Knight to the Rescue)
プリンスと虹色の指輪 (Joan Elliott Pickart, Man...Mercenary...Monarch)
一夜だけの花嫁 (Day Leclaire, One Night Wife)
無邪気なかけひき (Penny Jordan, The Sheikh's Virgin Bride)
誘惑はオアシスで (Penny Jordan, One Night with the Sheikh)
砂塵に舞う花嫁 (Penny Jordan, Possessed by the Sheikh)
愛は復讐の果てに (Penny Jordan, The Perfect Seduction)
危険な結婚 (Helen Bianchin, A Passionate Surrender)
愛の惑い (Helen Bianchin, The Greek Bridegroom)
見知らぬ国で (Catherine George, Devil Within)
堕ちた愛人 (Susanne McCarthy, No Place for Love)
プリンセスへの階段 (Cathie Linz, A Prince At Last!)
フィアンセは当店で (Jackie Braun, One Fiancee to Go, Please)
銀色に光る海で (Miranda Jarrett, The Silver Lord)
リメンバー・ミー (Sharon Sala, Remember Me)
さらわれたハート (Barbara Cartland, The Wing of Ecstasy)
公爵の花嫁 (Barbara Cartland, A Nightingale Sang)
External links
Youko Hanabusa's Official Website: リンのマーブル館
RomaPuri official blog
OHZORA Publishing, Co. Romance Comic Official Website
Harlequin Pink: Idol Dreams Preview page
Yoko Hanabusa's authorized fansite: Yoko Hanabusa Fan Club
Yoko Hanabusa's authorized fansite: Yoko Hanabusa Fan Page (in Japanese)
Living people
Manga artists from Tokyo
Year of birth missing (living people) |
Siteni Taukamo (born 9 October 2004) is a Greece international rugby league footballer who plays as a er or for the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks in the NRL.
Background
Taukamo is of Greek, Tongan and New Zealand descent.
He played his junior rugby league for the Gymea Gorillas before being signed by the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks. He is the younger brother of fellow Greek international, Tyrone Taukamo.
Playing career
Taukamo captained the Sharks' Harold Matthews Cup squad during the 2020 and 2021 seasons. On 18 July 2020, Taukamo signed a four-year contract with the club until the end of 2024, transitioning into the first grade squad in 2023.
2022
In 2022, Taukamo was named in the Greece squad for the 2021 Rugby League World Cup, the first ever Greek rugby league squad to compete in a World Cup. Taukamo was initially left out of Greece's 24-man squad due to uncertainty around his age. In Greece's opening match, Taukamo made history by scoring the country's first ever World Cup try.
In Greece's final group stage match, Taukamo scored their only try during a record 94-4 loss against England at Bramall Lane in Sheffield.
2023
Taukamo will be a part of the Sharks' top 30 squad for the 2023 NRL season.
References
External links
Greek profile
2004 births
Living people
Australian rugby league players
Australian people of Greek descent
Australian sportspeople of Tongan descent
Australian people of New Zealand descent
Greece national rugby league team players
Rugby league players from Sydney
Rugby league fullbacks
Rugby league wingers |
Mispila papuana is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1940.
References
papuana
Beetles described in 1940 |
The Church of the New Jerusalem was a former nineteenth-century Swedenborgian church located in downtown Philadelphia, Pennsylvania at 22nd and Chestnut Streets.
The church was erected in 1881 to designs by Theophilus Parsons Chandler. When the congregation diminished, the church closed in the mid-1980s, and the structure was reused in 1989 as office space. The National Trust for Historic Preservation profiled the structure as a good example of adaptive reuse: "The congregation worked closely with the buyer of the property, the Preservation Fund, and the Philadelphia Historical Commission to devise a design that would be sensitive to the historic fabric." The project "added two floors for office space and enclosed the interior space facing the chancel with a floor to- ceiling glass wall. Updated HVAC, electrical systems, and emergency equipment installed." "In an area of many churches, the successful conversion to office space was a welcome sight for many of the neighbors who had feared an abandoned church building."
The 1990 conversion by Mark B. Thompson Associates into of executive office space with room for expansion for Graduate Health System Corporate Headquarters, and later occupied by the advertising agency The Weightman Group, which is also gone. "Two balconies were added in four of the six bays, leaving the altar area an unchanged space for reception. A glass curtain wall was inserted in the interior to define the space and keep noise down. Additionally, a large spiral staircase and an elevator were placed to give access to all levels."
References
Swedenborgian churches in Pennsylvania
Churches in Philadelphia
Churches completed in 1881
19th-century Swedenborgian church buildings
Victorian architecture in Pennsylvania
Center City, Philadelphia
1881 establishments in Pennsylvania |
```javascript
// chai@4.3.7
//
//
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
// copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
// SOFTWARE.
//
!function(e){if("object"==typeof exports&&"undefined"!=typeof module)module.exports=e();else if("function"==typeof define&&define.amd)define([],e);else{("undefined"!=typeof window?window:"undefined"!=typeof global?global:"undefined"!=typeof self?self:this).chai=e()}}((function(){return function e(t,n,o){function r(a,s){if(!n[a]){if(!t[a]){var c="function"==typeof require&&require;if(!s&&c)return c(a,!0);if(i)return i(a,!0);var u=new Error("Cannot find module '"+a+"'");throw u.code="MODULE_NOT_FOUND",u}var f=n[a]={exports:{}};t[a][0].call(f.exports,(function(e){return r(t[a][1][e]||e)}),f,f.exports,e,t,n,o)}return n[a].exports}for(var i="function"==typeof require&&require,a=0;a<o.length;a++)r(o[a]);return r}({1:[function(e,t,n){t.exports=e("./lib/chai")},{"./lib/chai":2}],2:[function(e,t,n){
/*!
* chai
*/
var o=[];
/*!
* Chai version
*/n.version="4.3.3",
/*!
* Assertion Error
*/
n.AssertionError=e("assertion-error");
/*!
* Utils for plugins (not exported)
*/
var r=e("./chai/utils");n.use=function(e){return~o.indexOf(e)||(e(n,r),o.push(e)),n},
/*!
* Utility Functions
*/
n.util=r;
/*!
* Configuration
*/
var i=e("./chai/config");n.config=i;
/*!
* Primary `Assertion` prototype
*/
var a=e("./chai/assertion");n.use(a);
/*!
* Core Assertions
*/
var s=e("./chai/core/assertions");n.use(s);
/*!
* Expect interface
*/
var c=e("./chai/interface/expect");n.use(c);
/*!
* Should interface
*/
var u=e("./chai/interface/should");n.use(u);
/*!
* Assert interface
*/
var f=e("./chai/interface/assert");n.use(f)},{"./chai/assertion":3,"./chai/config":4,"./chai/core/assertions":5,"./chai/interface/assert":6,"./chai/interface/expect":7,"./chai/interface/should":8,"./chai/utils":22,"assertion-error":33}],3:[function(e,t,n){
/*!
* chai
* path_to_url
*/
var o=e("./config");t.exports=function(e,t){
/*!
* Module dependencies.
*/
var n=e.AssertionError,r=t.flag;
/*!
* Module export.
*/
/*!
* Assertion Constructor
*
* Creates object for chaining.
*
* `Assertion` objects contain metadata in the form of flags. Three flags can
* be assigned during instantiation by passing arguments to this constructor:
*
* - `object`: This flag contains the target of the assertion. For example, in
* the assertion `expect(numKittens).to.equal(7);`, the `object` flag will
* contain `numKittens` so that the `equal` assertion can reference it when
* needed.
*
* - `message`: This flag contains an optional custom error message to be
* prepended to the error message that's generated by the assertion when it
* fails.
*
* - `ssfi`: This flag stands for "start stack function indicator". It
* contains a function reference that serves as the starting point for
* removing frames from the stack trace of the error that's created by the
* assertion when it fails. The goal is to provide a cleaner stack trace to
* end users by removing Chai's internal functions. Note that it only works
* in environments that support `Error.captureStackTrace`, and only when
* `Chai.config.includeStack` hasn't been set to `false`.
*
* - `lockSsfi`: This flag controls whether or not the given `ssfi` flag
* should retain its current value, even as assertions are chained off of
* this object. This is usually set to `true` when creating a new assertion
* from within another assertion. It's also temporarily set to `true` before
* an overwritten assertion gets called by the overwriting assertion.
*
* @param {Mixed} obj target of the assertion
* @param {String} msg (optional) custom error message
* @param {Function} ssfi (optional) starting point for removing stack frames
* @param {Boolean} lockSsfi (optional) whether or not the ssfi flag is locked
* @api private
*/
function i(e,n,o,a){return r(this,"ssfi",o||i),r(this,"lockSsfi",a),r(this,"object",e),r(this,"message",n),t.proxify(this)}e.Assertion=i,Object.defineProperty(i,"includeStack",{get:function(){return console.warn("Assertion.includeStack is deprecated, use chai.config.includeStack instead."),o.includeStack},set:function(e){console.warn("Assertion.includeStack is deprecated, use chai.config.includeStack instead."),o.includeStack=e}}),Object.defineProperty(i,"showDiff",{get:function(){return console.warn("Assertion.showDiff is deprecated, use chai.config.showDiff instead."),o.showDiff},set:function(e){console.warn("Assertion.showDiff is deprecated, use chai.config.showDiff instead."),o.showDiff=e}}),i.addProperty=function(e,n){t.addProperty(this.prototype,e,n)},i.addMethod=function(e,n){t.addMethod(this.prototype,e,n)},i.addChainableMethod=function(e,n,o){t.addChainableMethod(this.prototype,e,n,o)},i.overwriteProperty=function(e,n){t.overwriteProperty(this.prototype,e,n)},i.overwriteMethod=function(e,n){t.overwriteMethod(this.prototype,e,n)},i.overwriteChainableMethod=function(e,n,o){t.overwriteChainableMethod(this.prototype,e,n,o)},i.prototype.assert=function(e,i,a,s,c,u){var f=t.test(this,arguments);if(!1!==u&&(u=!0),void 0===s&&void 0===c&&(u=!1),!0!==o.showDiff&&(u=!1),!f){i=t.getMessage(this,arguments);var l=t.getActual(this,arguments),h={actual:l,expected:s,showDiff:u},p=t.getOperator(this,arguments);throw p&&(h.operator=p),new n(i,h,o.includeStack?this.assert:r(this,"ssfi"))}},
/*!
* ### ._obj
*
* Quick reference to stored `actual` value for plugin developers.
*
* @api private
*/
Object.defineProperty(i.prototype,"_obj",{get:function(){return r(this,"object")},set:function(e){r(this,"object",e)}})}},{"./config":4}],4:[function(e,t,n){t.exports={includeStack:!1,showDiff:!0,truncateThreshold:40,useProxy:!0,proxyExcludedKeys:["then","catch","inspect","toJSON"]}},{}],5:[function(e,t,n){
/*!
* chai
* path_to_url
*/
t.exports=function(e,t){var n=e.Assertion,o=e.AssertionError,r=t.flag;function i(e,n){n&&r(this,"message",n),e=e.toLowerCase();var o=r(this,"object"),i=~["a","e","i","o","u"].indexOf(e.charAt(0))?"an ":"a ";this.assert(e===t.type(o).toLowerCase(),"expected #{this} to be "+i+e,"expected #{this} not to be "+i+e)}function a(e,n){return t.isNaN(e)&&t.isNaN(n)||e===n}function s(){r(this,"contains",!0)}function c(e,i){i&&r(this,"message",i);var s=r(this,"object"),c=t.type(s).toLowerCase(),u=r(this,"message"),f=r(this,"negate"),l=r(this,"ssfi"),h=r(this,"deep"),p=h?"deep ":"";u=u?u+": ":"";var d=!1;switch(c){case"string":d=-1!==s.indexOf(e);break;case"weakset":if(h)throw new o(u+"unable to use .deep.include with WeakSet",void 0,l);d=s.has(e);break;case"map":var y=h?t.eql:a;s.forEach((function(t){d=d||y(t,e)}));break;case"set":h?s.forEach((function(n){d=d||t.eql(n,e)})):d=s.has(e);break;case"array":d=h?s.some((function(n){return t.eql(n,e)})):-1!==s.indexOf(e);break;default:if(e!==Object(e))throw new o(u+"the given combination of arguments ("+c+" and "+t.type(e).toLowerCase()+") is invalid for this assertion. You can use an array, a map, an object, a set, a string, or a weakset instead of a "+t.type(e).toLowerCase(),void 0,l);var g=Object.keys(e),b=null,m=0;if(g.forEach((function(i){var a=new n(s);if(t.transferFlags(this,a,!0),r(a,"lockSsfi",!0),f&&1!==g.length)try{a.property(i,e[i])}catch(e){if(!t.checkError.compatibleConstructor(e,o))throw e;null===b&&(b=e),m++}else a.property(i,e[i])}),this),f&&g.length>1&&m===g.length)throw b;return}this.assert(d,"expected #{this} to "+p+"include "+t.inspect(e),"expected #{this} to not "+p+"include "+t.inspect(e))}function u(){var e=r(this,"object");this.assert(null!=e,"expected #{this} to exist","expected #{this} to not exist")}function f(){var e=r(this,"object"),n=t.type(e);this.assert("Arguments"===n,"expected #{this} to be arguments but got "+n,"expected #{this} to not be arguments")}function l(e,t){t&&r(this,"message",t);var n=r(this,"object");if(r(this,"deep")){var o=r(this,"lockSsfi");r(this,"lockSsfi",!0),this.eql(e),r(this,"lockSsfi",o)}else this.assert(e===n,"expected #{this} to equal #{exp}","expected #{this} to not equal #{exp}",e,this._obj,!0)}function h(e,n){n&&r(this,"message",n),this.assert(t.eql(e,r(this,"object")),"expected #{this} to deeply equal #{exp}","expected #{this} to not deeply equal #{exp}",e,this._obj,!0)}function p(e,i){i&&r(this,"message",i);var a,s=r(this,"object"),c=r(this,"doLength"),u=r(this,"message"),f=u?u+": ":"",l=r(this,"ssfi"),h=t.type(s).toLowerCase(),p=t.type(e).toLowerCase(),d=!0;if(c&&"map"!==h&&"set"!==h&&new n(s,u,l,!0).to.have.property("length"),c||"date"!==h||"date"===p)if("number"===p||!c&&"number"!==h)if(c||"date"===h||"number"===h)d=!1;else{a=f+"expected "+("string"===h?"'"+s+"'":s)+" to be a number or a date"}else a=f+"the argument to above must be a number";else a=f+"the argument to above must be a date";if(d)throw new o(a,void 0,l);if(c){var y,g="length";"map"===h||"set"===h?(g="size",y=s.size):y=s.length,this.assert(y>e,"expected #{this} to have a "+g+" above #{exp} but got #{act}","expected #{this} to not have a "+g+" above #{exp}",e,y)}else this.assert(s>e,"expected #{this} to be above #{exp}","expected #{this} to be at most #{exp}",e)}function d(e,i){i&&r(this,"message",i);var a,s=r(this,"object"),c=r(this,"doLength"),u=r(this,"message"),f=u?u+": ":"",l=r(this,"ssfi"),h=t.type(s).toLowerCase(),p=t.type(e).toLowerCase(),d=!0;if(c&&"map"!==h&&"set"!==h&&new n(s,u,l,!0).to.have.property("length"),c||"date"!==h||"date"===p)if("number"===p||!c&&"number"!==h)if(c||"date"===h||"number"===h)d=!1;else{a=f+"expected "+("string"===h?"'"+s+"'":s)+" to be a number or a date"}else a=f+"the argument to least must be a number";else a=f+"the argument to least must be a date";if(d)throw new o(a,void 0,l);if(c){var y,g="length";"map"===h||"set"===h?(g="size",y=s.size):y=s.length,this.assert(y>=e,"expected #{this} to have a "+g+" at least #{exp} but got #{act}","expected #{this} to have a "+g+" below #{exp}",e,y)}else this.assert(s>=e,"expected #{this} to be at least #{exp}","expected #{this} to be below #{exp}",e)}function y(e,i){i&&r(this,"message",i);var a,s=r(this,"object"),c=r(this,"doLength"),u=r(this,"message"),f=u?u+": ":"",l=r(this,"ssfi"),h=t.type(s).toLowerCase(),p=t.type(e).toLowerCase(),d=!0;if(c&&"map"!==h&&"set"!==h&&new n(s,u,l,!0).to.have.property("length"),c||"date"!==h||"date"===p)if("number"===p||!c&&"number"!==h)if(c||"date"===h||"number"===h)d=!1;else{a=f+"expected "+("string"===h?"'"+s+"'":s)+" to be a number or a date"}else a=f+"the argument to below must be a number";else a=f+"the argument to below must be a date";if(d)throw new o(a,void 0,l);if(c){var y,g="length";"map"===h||"set"===h?(g="size",y=s.size):y=s.length,this.assert(y<e,"expected #{this} to have a "+g+" below #{exp} but got #{act}","expected #{this} to not have a "+g+" below #{exp}",e,y)}else this.assert(s<e,"expected #{this} to be below #{exp}","expected #{this} to be at least #{exp}",e)}function g(e,i){i&&r(this,"message",i);var a,s=r(this,"object"),c=r(this,"doLength"),u=r(this,"message"),f=u?u+": ":"",l=r(this,"ssfi"),h=t.type(s).toLowerCase(),p=t.type(e).toLowerCase(),d=!0;if(c&&"map"!==h&&"set"!==h&&new n(s,u,l,!0).to.have.property("length"),c||"date"!==h||"date"===p)if("number"===p||!c&&"number"!==h)if(c||"date"===h||"number"===h)d=!1;else{a=f+"expected "+("string"===h?"'"+s+"'":s)+" to be a number or a date"}else a=f+"the argument to most must be a number";else a=f+"the argument to most must be a date";if(d)throw new o(a,void 0,l);if(c){var y,g="length";"map"===h||"set"===h?(g="size",y=s.size):y=s.length,this.assert(y<=e,"expected #{this} to have a "+g+" at most #{exp} but got #{act}","expected #{this} to have a "+g+" above #{exp}",e,y)}else this.assert(s<=e,"expected #{this} to be at most #{exp}","expected #{this} to be above #{exp}",e)}function b(e,n){n&&r(this,"message",n);var i=r(this,"object"),a=r(this,"ssfi"),s=r(this,"message");try{var c=i instanceof e}catch(n){if(n instanceof TypeError)throw new o((s=s?s+": ":"")+"The instanceof assertion needs a constructor but "+t.type(e)+" was given.",void 0,a);throw n}var u=t.getName(e);null===u&&(u="an unnamed constructor"),this.assert(c,"expected #{this} to be an instance of "+u,"expected #{this} to not be an instance of "+u)}function m(e,n,i){i&&r(this,"message",i);var a=r(this,"nested"),s=r(this,"own"),c=r(this,"message"),u=r(this,"object"),f=r(this,"ssfi"),l=typeof e;if(c=c?c+": ":"",a){if("string"!==l)throw new o(c+"the argument to property must be a string when using nested syntax",void 0,f)}else if("string"!==l&&"number"!==l&&"symbol"!==l)throw new o(c+"the argument to property must be a string, number, or symbol",void 0,f);if(a&&s)throw new o(c+'The "nested" and "own" flags cannot be combined.',void 0,f);if(null==u)throw new o(c+"Target cannot be null or undefined.",void 0,f);var h,p=r(this,"deep"),d=r(this,"negate"),y=a?t.getPathInfo(u,e):null,g=a?y.value:u[e],b="";p&&(b+="deep "),s&&(b+="own "),a&&(b+="nested "),b+="property ",h=s?Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(u,e):a?y.exists:t.hasProperty(u,e),d&&1!==arguments.length||this.assert(h,"expected #{this} to have "+b+t.inspect(e),"expected #{this} to not have "+b+t.inspect(e)),arguments.length>1&&this.assert(h&&(p?t.eql(n,g):n===g),"expected #{this} to have "+b+t.inspect(e)+" of #{exp}, but got #{act}","expected #{this} to not have "+b+t.inspect(e)+" of #{act}",n,g),r(this,"object",g)}function w(e,t,n){r(this,"own",!0),m.apply(this,arguments)}function v(e,n,o){"string"==typeof n&&(o=n,n=null),o&&r(this,"message",o);var i=r(this,"object"),a=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(Object(i),e);a&&n?this.assert(t.eql(n,a),"expected the own property descriptor for "+t.inspect(e)+" on #{this} to match "+t.inspect(n)+", got "+t.inspect(a),"expected the own property descriptor for "+t.inspect(e)+" on #{this} to not match "+t.inspect(n),n,a,!0):this.assert(a,"expected #{this} to have an own property descriptor for "+t.inspect(e),"expected #{this} to not have an own property descriptor for "+t.inspect(e)),r(this,"object",a)}function x(){r(this,"doLength",!0)}function O(e,o){o&&r(this,"message",o);var i,a=r(this,"object"),s=t.type(a).toLowerCase(),c=r(this,"message"),u=r(this,"ssfi"),f="length";switch(s){case"map":case"set":f="size",i=a.size;break;default:new n(a,c,u,!0).to.have.property("length"),i=a.length}this.assert(i==e,"expected #{this} to have a "+f+" of #{exp} but got #{act}","expected #{this} to not have a "+f+" of #{act}",e,i)}function j(e,t){t&&r(this,"message",t);var n=r(this,"object");this.assert(e.exec(n),"expected #{this} to match "+e,"expected #{this} not to match "+e)}function S(e){var n,i,a=r(this,"object"),s=t.type(a),c=t.type(e),u=r(this,"ssfi"),f=r(this,"deep"),l="",h=!0,p=r(this,"message"),d=(p=p?p+": ":"")+"when testing keys against an object or an array you must give a single Array|Object|String argument or multiple String arguments";if("Map"===s||"Set"===s)l=f?"deeply ":"",i=[],a.forEach((function(e,t){i.push(t)})),"Array"!==c&&(e=Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments));else{switch(i=t.getOwnEnumerableProperties(a),c){case"Array":if(arguments.length>1)throw new o(d,void 0,u);break;case"Object":if(arguments.length>1)throw new o(d,void 0,u);e=Object.keys(e);break;default:e=Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments)}e=e.map((function(e){return"symbol"==typeof e?e:String(e)}))}if(!e.length)throw new o(p+"keys required",void 0,u);var y=e.length,g=r(this,"any"),b=r(this,"all"),m=e;if(g||b||(b=!0),g&&(h=m.some((function(e){return i.some((function(n){return f?t.eql(e,n):e===n}))}))),b&&(h=m.every((function(e){return i.some((function(n){return f?t.eql(e,n):e===n}))})),r(this,"contains")||(h=h&&e.length==i.length)),y>1){var w=(e=e.map((function(e){return t.inspect(e)}))).pop();b&&(n=e.join(", ")+", and "+w),g&&(n=e.join(", ")+", or "+w)}else n=t.inspect(e[0]);n=(y>1?"keys ":"key ")+n,n=(r(this,"contains")?"contain ":"have ")+n,this.assert(h,"expected #{this} to "+l+n,"expected #{this} to not "+l+n,m.slice(0).sort(t.compareByInspect),i.sort(t.compareByInspect),!0)}function M(e,o,i){i&&r(this,"message",i);var a,s=r(this,"object"),c=r(this,"ssfi"),u=r(this,"message"),f=r(this,"negate")||!1;new n(s,u,c,!0).is.a("function"),(e instanceof RegExp||"string"==typeof e)&&(o=e,e=null);try{s()}catch(e){a=e}var l=void 0===e&&void 0===o,h=Boolean(e&&o),p=!1,d=!1;if(l||!l&&!f){var y="an error";e instanceof Error?y="#{exp}":e&&(y=t.checkError.getConstructorName(e)),this.assert(a,"expected #{this} to throw "+y,"expected #{this} to not throw an error but #{act} was thrown",e&&e.toString(),a instanceof Error?a.toString():"string"==typeof a?a:a&&t.checkError.getConstructorName(a))}if(e&&a){if(e instanceof Error)t.checkError.compatibleInstance(a,e)===f&&(h&&f?p=!0:this.assert(f,"expected #{this} to throw #{exp} but #{act} was thrown","expected #{this} to not throw #{exp}"+(a&&!f?" but #{act} was thrown":""),e.toString(),a.toString()));t.checkError.compatibleConstructor(a,e)===f&&(h&&f?p=!0:this.assert(f,"expected #{this} to throw #{exp} but #{act} was thrown","expected #{this} to not throw #{exp}"+(a?" but #{act} was thrown":""),e instanceof Error?e.toString():e&&t.checkError.getConstructorName(e),a instanceof Error?a.toString():a&&t.checkError.getConstructorName(a)))}if(a&&null!=o){var g="including";o instanceof RegExp&&(g="matching"),t.checkError.compatibleMessage(a,o)===f&&(h&&f?d=!0:this.assert(f,"expected #{this} to throw error "+g+" #{exp} but got #{act}","expected #{this} to throw error not "+g+" #{exp}",o,t.checkError.getMessage(a)))}p&&d&&this.assert(f,"expected #{this} to throw #{exp} but #{act} was thrown","expected #{this} to not throw #{exp}"+(a?" but #{act} was thrown":""),e instanceof Error?e.toString():e&&t.checkError.getConstructorName(e),a instanceof Error?a.toString():a&&t.checkError.getConstructorName(a)),r(this,"object",a)}function P(e,n){n&&r(this,"message",n);var o=r(this,"object"),i=r(this,"itself"),a="function"!=typeof o||i?o[e]:o.prototype[e];this.assert("function"==typeof a,"expected #{this} to respond to "+t.inspect(e),"expected #{this} to not respond to "+t.inspect(e))}function N(e,n){n&&r(this,"message",n);var o=e(r(this,"object"));this.assert(o,"expected #{this} to satisfy "+t.objDisplay(e),"expected #{this} to not satisfy"+t.objDisplay(e),!r(this,"negate"),o)}function k(e,t,i){i&&r(this,"message",i);var a=r(this,"object"),s=r(this,"message"),c=r(this,"ssfi");if(new n(a,s,c,!0).is.a("number"),"number"!=typeof e||"number"!=typeof t)throw new o((s=s?s+": ":"")+"the arguments to closeTo or approximately must be numbers"+(void 0===t?", and a delta is required":""),void 0,c);this.assert(Math.abs(a-e)<=t,"expected #{this} to be close to "+e+" +/- "+t,"expected #{this} not to be close to "+e+" +/- "+t)}function E(e,t,o){o&&r(this,"message",o);var i,a=r(this,"object"),s=r(this,"message"),c=r(this,"ssfi");new n(a,s,c,!0).is.a("function"),t?(new n(e,s,c,!0).to.have.property(t),i=e[t]):(new n(e,s,c,!0).is.a("function"),i=e()),a();var u=null==t?e():e[t],f=null==t?i:"."+t;r(this,"deltaMsgObj",f),r(this,"initialDeltaValue",i),r(this,"finalDeltaValue",u),r(this,"deltaBehavior","change"),r(this,"realDelta",u!==i),this.assert(i!==u,"expected "+f+" to change","expected "+f+" to not change")}function A(e,t,o){o&&r(this,"message",o);var i,a=r(this,"object"),s=r(this,"message"),c=r(this,"ssfi");new n(a,s,c,!0).is.a("function"),t?(new n(e,s,c,!0).to.have.property(t),i=e[t]):(new n(e,s,c,!0).is.a("function"),i=e()),new n(i,s,c,!0).is.a("number"),a();var u=null==t?e():e[t],f=null==t?i:"."+t;r(this,"deltaMsgObj",f),r(this,"initialDeltaValue",i),r(this,"finalDeltaValue",u),r(this,"deltaBehavior","increase"),r(this,"realDelta",u-i),this.assert(u-i>0,"expected "+f+" to increase","expected "+f+" to not increase")}function D(e,t,o){o&&r(this,"message",o);var i,a=r(this,"object"),s=r(this,"message"),c=r(this,"ssfi");new n(a,s,c,!0).is.a("function"),t?(new n(e,s,c,!0).to.have.property(t),i=e[t]):(new n(e,s,c,!0).is.a("function"),i=e()),new n(i,s,c,!0).is.a("number"),a();var u=null==t?e():e[t],f=null==t?i:"."+t;r(this,"deltaMsgObj",f),r(this,"initialDeltaValue",i),r(this,"finalDeltaValue",u),r(this,"deltaBehavior","decrease"),r(this,"realDelta",i-u),this.assert(u-i<0,"expected "+f+" to decrease","expected "+f+" to not decrease")}["to","be","been","is","and","has","have","with","that","which","at","of","same","but","does","still","also"].forEach((function(e){n.addProperty(e)})),n.addProperty("not",(function(){r(this,"negate",!0)})),n.addProperty("deep",(function(){r(this,"deep",!0)})),n.addProperty("nested",(function(){r(this,"nested",!0)})),n.addProperty("own",(function(){r(this,"own",!0)})),n.addProperty("ordered",(function(){r(this,"ordered",!0)})),n.addProperty("any",(function(){r(this,"any",!0),r(this,"all",!1)})),n.addProperty("all",(function(){r(this,"all",!0),r(this,"any",!1)})),n.addChainableMethod("an",i),n.addChainableMethod("a",i),n.addChainableMethod("include",c,s),n.addChainableMethod("contain",c,s),n.addChainableMethod("contains",c,s),n.addChainableMethod("includes",c,s),n.addProperty("ok",(function(){this.assert(r(this,"object"),"expected #{this} to be truthy","expected #{this} to be falsy")})),n.addProperty("true",(function(){this.assert(!0===r(this,"object"),"expected #{this} to be true","expected #{this} to be false",!r(this,"negate"))})),n.addProperty("false",(function(){this.assert(!1===r(this,"object"),"expected #{this} to be false","expected #{this} to be true",!!r(this,"negate"))})),n.addProperty("null",(function(){this.assert(null===r(this,"object"),"expected #{this} to be null","expected #{this} not to be null")})),n.addProperty("undefined",(function(){this.assert(void 0===r(this,"object"),"expected #{this} to be undefined","expected #{this} not to be undefined")})),n.addProperty("NaN",(function(){this.assert(t.isNaN(r(this,"object")),"expected #{this} to be NaN","expected #{this} not to be NaN")})),n.addProperty("exist",u),n.addProperty("exists",u),n.addProperty("empty",(function(){var e,n=r(this,"object"),i=r(this,"ssfi"),a=r(this,"message");switch(a=a?a+": ":"",t.type(n).toLowerCase()){case"array":case"string":e=n.length;break;case"map":case"set":e=n.size;break;case"weakmap":case"weakset":throw new o(a+".empty was passed a weak collection",void 0,i);case"function":var s=a+".empty was passed a function "+t.getName(n);throw new o(s.trim(),void 0,i);default:if(n!==Object(n))throw new o(a+".empty was passed non-string primitive "+t.inspect(n),void 0,i);e=Object.keys(n).length}this.assert(0===e,"expected #{this} to be empty","expected #{this} not to be empty")})),n.addProperty("arguments",f),n.addProperty("Arguments",f),n.addMethod("equal",l),n.addMethod("equals",l),n.addMethod("eq",l),n.addMethod("eql",h),n.addMethod("eqls",h),n.addMethod("above",p),n.addMethod("gt",p),n.addMethod("greaterThan",p),n.addMethod("least",d),n.addMethod("gte",d),n.addMethod("greaterThanOrEqual",d),n.addMethod("below",y),n.addMethod("lt",y),n.addMethod("lessThan",y),n.addMethod("most",g),n.addMethod("lte",g),n.addMethod("lessThanOrEqual",g),n.addMethod("within",(function(e,i,a){a&&r(this,"message",a);var s,c=r(this,"object"),u=r(this,"doLength"),f=r(this,"message"),l=f?f+": ":"",h=r(this,"ssfi"),p=t.type(c).toLowerCase(),d=t.type(e).toLowerCase(),y=t.type(i).toLowerCase(),g=!0,b="date"===d&&"date"===y?e.toISOString()+".."+i.toISOString():e+".."+i;if(u&&"map"!==p&&"set"!==p&&new n(c,f,h,!0).to.have.property("length"),u||"date"!==p||"date"===d&&"date"===y)if("number"===d&&"number"===y||!u&&"number"!==p)if(u||"date"===p||"number"===p)g=!1;else{s=l+"expected "+("string"===p?"'"+c+"'":c)+" to be a number or a date"}else s=l+"the arguments to within must be numbers";else s=l+"the arguments to within must be dates";if(g)throw new o(s,void 0,h);if(u){var m,w="length";"map"===p||"set"===p?(w="size",m=c.size):m=c.length,this.assert(m>=e&&m<=i,"expected #{this} to have a "+w+" within "+b,"expected #{this} to not have a "+w+" within "+b)}else this.assert(c>=e&&c<=i,"expected #{this} to be within "+b,"expected #{this} to not be within "+b)})),n.addMethod("instanceof",b),n.addMethod("instanceOf",b),n.addMethod("property",m),n.addMethod("ownProperty",w),n.addMethod("haveOwnProperty",w),n.addMethod("ownPropertyDescriptor",v),n.addMethod("haveOwnPropertyDescriptor",v),n.addChainableMethod("length",O,x),n.addChainableMethod("lengthOf",O,x),n.addMethod("match",j),n.addMethod("matches",j),n.addMethod("string",(function(e,o){o&&r(this,"message",o);var i=r(this,"object"),a=r(this,"message"),s=r(this,"ssfi");new n(i,a,s,!0).is.a("string"),this.assert(~i.indexOf(e),"expected #{this} to contain "+t.inspect(e),"expected #{this} to not contain "+t.inspect(e))})),n.addMethod("keys",S),n.addMethod("key",S),n.addMethod("throw",M),n.addMethod("throws",M),n.addMethod("Throw",M),n.addMethod("respondTo",P),n.addMethod("respondsTo",P),n.addProperty("itself",(function(){r(this,"itself",!0)})),n.addMethod("satisfy",N),n.addMethod("satisfies",N),n.addMethod("closeTo",k),n.addMethod("approximately",k),n.addMethod("members",(function(e,o){o&&r(this,"message",o);var i=r(this,"object"),a=r(this,"message"),s=r(this,"ssfi");new n(i,a,s,!0).to.be.an("array"),new n(e,a,s,!0).to.be.an("array");var c,u,f,l=r(this,"contains"),h=r(this,"ordered");l?(u="expected #{this} to be "+(c=h?"an ordered superset":"a superset")+" of #{exp}",f="expected #{this} to not be "+c+" of #{exp}"):(u="expected #{this} to have the same "+(c=h?"ordered members":"members")+" as #{exp}",f="expected #{this} to not have the same "+c+" as #{exp}");var p=r(this,"deep")?t.eql:void 0;this.assert(function(e,t,n,o,r){if(!o){if(e.length!==t.length)return!1;t=t.slice()}return e.every((function(e,i){if(r)return n?n(e,t[i]):e===t[i];if(!n){var a=t.indexOf(e);return-1!==a&&(o||t.splice(a,1),!0)}return t.some((function(r,i){return!!n(e,r)&&(o||t.splice(i,1),!0)}))}))}(e,i,p,l,h),u,f,e,i,!0)})),n.addMethod("oneOf",(function(e,o){o&&r(this,"message",o);var i=r(this,"object"),a=r(this,"message"),s=r(this,"ssfi"),c=r(this,"contains"),u=r(this,"deep");new n(e,a,s,!0).to.be.an("array"),c?this.assert(e.some((function(e){return i.indexOf(e)>-1})),"expected #{this} to contain one of #{exp}","expected #{this} to not contain one of #{exp}",e,i):u?this.assert(e.some((function(e){return t.eql(i,e)})),"expected #{this} to deeply equal one of #{exp}","expected #{this} to deeply equal one of #{exp}",e,i):this.assert(e.indexOf(i)>-1,"expected #{this} to be one of #{exp}","expected #{this} to not be one of #{exp}",e,i)})),n.addMethod("change",E),n.addMethod("changes",E),n.addMethod("increase",A),n.addMethod("increases",A),n.addMethod("decrease",D),n.addMethod("decreases",D),n.addMethod("by",(function(e,t){t&&r(this,"message",t);var n,o=r(this,"deltaMsgObj"),i=r(this,"initialDeltaValue"),a=r(this,"finalDeltaValue"),s=r(this,"deltaBehavior"),c=r(this,"realDelta");n="change"===s?Math.abs(a-i)===Math.abs(e):c===Math.abs(e),this.assert(n,"expected "+o+" to "+s+" by "+e,"expected "+o+" to not "+s+" by "+e)})),n.addProperty("extensible",(function(){var e=r(this,"object"),t=e===Object(e)&&Object.isExtensible(e);this.assert(t,"expected #{this} to be extensible","expected #{this} to not be extensible")})),n.addProperty("sealed",(function(){var e=r(this,"object"),t=e!==Object(e)||Object.isSealed(e);this.assert(t,"expected #{this} to be sealed","expected #{this} to not be sealed")})),n.addProperty("frozen",(function(){var e=r(this,"object"),t=e!==Object(e)||Object.isFrozen(e);this.assert(t,"expected #{this} to be frozen","expected #{this} to not be frozen")})),n.addProperty("finite",(function(e){var t=r(this,"object");this.assert("number"==typeof t&&isFinite(t),"expected #{this} to be a finite number","expected #{this} to not be a finite number")}))}},{}],6:[function(e,t,n){
/*!
* chai
*/
t.exports=function(e,t){
/*!
* Chai dependencies.
*/
var n=e.Assertion,o=t.flag,r=e.assert=function(t,o){new n(null,null,e.assert,!0).assert(t,o,"[ negation message unavailable ]")};
/*!
* Module export.
*/r.fail=function(t,n,o,i){throw arguments.length<2&&(o=t,t=void 0),o=o||"assert.fail()",new e.AssertionError(o,{actual:t,expected:n,operator:i},r.fail)},r.isOk=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isOk,!0).is.ok},r.isNotOk=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isNotOk,!0).is.not.ok},r.equal=function(e,t,i){var a=new n(e,i,r.equal,!0);a.assert(t==o(a,"object"),"expected #{this} to equal #{exp}","expected #{this} to not equal #{act}",t,e,!0)},r.notEqual=function(e,t,i){var a=new n(e,i,r.notEqual,!0);a.assert(t!=o(a,"object"),"expected #{this} to not equal #{exp}","expected #{this} to equal #{act}",t,e,!0)},r.strictEqual=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.strictEqual,!0).to.equal(t)},r.notStrictEqual=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.notStrictEqual,!0).to.not.equal(t)},r.deepEqual=r.deepStrictEqual=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.deepEqual,!0).to.eql(t)},r.notDeepEqual=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.notDeepEqual,!0).to.not.eql(t)},r.isAbove=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.isAbove,!0).to.be.above(t)},r.isAtLeast=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.isAtLeast,!0).to.be.least(t)},r.isBelow=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.isBelow,!0).to.be.below(t)},r.isAtMost=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.isAtMost,!0).to.be.most(t)},r.isTrue=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isTrue,!0).is.true},r.isNotTrue=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isNotTrue,!0).to.not.equal(!0)},r.isFalse=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isFalse,!0).is.false},r.isNotFalse=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isNotFalse,!0).to.not.equal(!1)},r.isNull=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isNull,!0).to.equal(null)},r.isNotNull=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isNotNull,!0).to.not.equal(null)},r.isNaN=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isNaN,!0).to.be.NaN},r.isNotNaN=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isNotNaN,!0).not.to.be.NaN},r.exists=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.exists,!0).to.exist},r.notExists=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.notExists,!0).to.not.exist},r.isUndefined=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isUndefined,!0).to.equal(void 0)},r.isDefined=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isDefined,!0).to.not.equal(void 0)},r.isFunction=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isFunction,!0).to.be.a("function")},r.isNotFunction=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isNotFunction,!0).to.not.be.a("function")},r.isObject=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isObject,!0).to.be.a("object")},r.isNotObject=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isNotObject,!0).to.not.be.a("object")},r.isArray=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isArray,!0).to.be.an("array")},r.isNotArray=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isNotArray,!0).to.not.be.an("array")},r.isString=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isString,!0).to.be.a("string")},r.isNotString=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isNotString,!0).to.not.be.a("string")},r.isNumber=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isNumber,!0).to.be.a("number")},r.isNotNumber=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isNotNumber,!0).to.not.be.a("number")},r.isFinite=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isFinite,!0).to.be.finite},r.isBoolean=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isBoolean,!0).to.be.a("boolean")},r.isNotBoolean=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isNotBoolean,!0).to.not.be.a("boolean")},r.typeOf=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.typeOf,!0).to.be.a(t)},r.notTypeOf=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.notTypeOf,!0).to.not.be.a(t)},r.instanceOf=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.instanceOf,!0).to.be.instanceOf(t)},r.notInstanceOf=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.notInstanceOf,!0).to.not.be.instanceOf(t)},r.include=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.include,!0).include(t)},r.notInclude=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.notInclude,!0).not.include(t)},r.deepInclude=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.deepInclude,!0).deep.include(t)},r.notDeepInclude=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.notDeepInclude,!0).not.deep.include(t)},r.nestedInclude=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.nestedInclude,!0).nested.include(t)},r.notNestedInclude=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.notNestedInclude,!0).not.nested.include(t)},r.deepNestedInclude=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.deepNestedInclude,!0).deep.nested.include(t)},r.notDeepNestedInclude=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.notDeepNestedInclude,!0).not.deep.nested.include(t)},r.ownInclude=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.ownInclude,!0).own.include(t)},r.notOwnInclude=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.notOwnInclude,!0).not.own.include(t)},r.deepOwnInclude=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.deepOwnInclude,!0).deep.own.include(t)},r.notDeepOwnInclude=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.notDeepOwnInclude,!0).not.deep.own.include(t)},r.match=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.match,!0).to.match(t)},r.notMatch=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.notMatch,!0).to.not.match(t)},r.property=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.property,!0).to.have.property(t)},r.notProperty=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.notProperty,!0).to.not.have.property(t)},r.propertyVal=function(e,t,o,i){new n(e,i,r.propertyVal,!0).to.have.property(t,o)},r.notPropertyVal=function(e,t,o,i){new n(e,i,r.notPropertyVal,!0).to.not.have.property(t,o)},r.deepPropertyVal=function(e,t,o,i){new n(e,i,r.deepPropertyVal,!0).to.have.deep.property(t,o)},r.notDeepPropertyVal=function(e,t,o,i){new n(e,i,r.notDeepPropertyVal,!0).to.not.have.deep.property(t,o)},r.ownProperty=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.ownProperty,!0).to.have.own.property(t)},r.notOwnProperty=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.notOwnProperty,!0).to.not.have.own.property(t)},r.ownPropertyVal=function(e,t,o,i){new n(e,i,r.ownPropertyVal,!0).to.have.own.property(t,o)},r.notOwnPropertyVal=function(e,t,o,i){new n(e,i,r.notOwnPropertyVal,!0).to.not.have.own.property(t,o)},r.deepOwnPropertyVal=function(e,t,o,i){new n(e,i,r.deepOwnPropertyVal,!0).to.have.deep.own.property(t,o)},r.notDeepOwnPropertyVal=function(e,t,o,i){new n(e,i,r.notDeepOwnPropertyVal,!0).to.not.have.deep.own.property(t,o)},r.nestedProperty=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.nestedProperty,!0).to.have.nested.property(t)},r.notNestedProperty=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.notNestedProperty,!0).to.not.have.nested.property(t)},r.nestedPropertyVal=function(e,t,o,i){new n(e,i,r.nestedPropertyVal,!0).to.have.nested.property(t,o)},r.notNestedPropertyVal=function(e,t,o,i){new n(e,i,r.notNestedPropertyVal,!0).to.not.have.nested.property(t,o)},r.deepNestedPropertyVal=function(e,t,o,i){new n(e,i,r.deepNestedPropertyVal,!0).to.have.deep.nested.property(t,o)},r.notDeepNestedPropertyVal=function(e,t,o,i){new n(e,i,r.notDeepNestedPropertyVal,!0).to.not.have.deep.nested.property(t,o)},r.lengthOf=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.lengthOf,!0).to.have.lengthOf(t)},r.hasAnyKeys=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.hasAnyKeys,!0).to.have.any.keys(t)},r.hasAllKeys=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.hasAllKeys,!0).to.have.all.keys(t)},r.containsAllKeys=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.containsAllKeys,!0).to.contain.all.keys(t)},r.doesNotHaveAnyKeys=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.doesNotHaveAnyKeys,!0).to.not.have.any.keys(t)},r.doesNotHaveAllKeys=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.doesNotHaveAllKeys,!0).to.not.have.all.keys(t)},r.hasAnyDeepKeys=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.hasAnyDeepKeys,!0).to.have.any.deep.keys(t)},r.hasAllDeepKeys=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.hasAllDeepKeys,!0).to.have.all.deep.keys(t)},r.containsAllDeepKeys=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.containsAllDeepKeys,!0).to.contain.all.deep.keys(t)},r.doesNotHaveAnyDeepKeys=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.doesNotHaveAnyDeepKeys,!0).to.not.have.any.deep.keys(t)},r.doesNotHaveAllDeepKeys=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.doesNotHaveAllDeepKeys,!0).to.not.have.all.deep.keys(t)},r.throws=function(e,t,i,a){("string"==typeof t||t instanceof RegExp)&&(i=t,t=null);var s=new n(e,a,r.throws,!0).to.throw(t,i);return o(s,"object")},r.doesNotThrow=function(e,t,o,i){("string"==typeof t||t instanceof RegExp)&&(o=t,t=null),new n(e,i,r.doesNotThrow,!0).to.not.throw(t,o)},r.operator=function(i,a,s,c){var u;switch(a){case"==":u=i==s;break;case"===":u=i===s;break;case">":u=i>s;break;case">=":u=i>=s;break;case"<":u=i<s;break;case"<=":u=i<=s;break;case"!=":u=i!=s;break;case"!==":u=i!==s;break;default:throw c=c?c+": ":c,new e.AssertionError(c+'Invalid operator "'+a+'"',void 0,r.operator)}var f=new n(u,c,r.operator,!0);f.assert(!0===o(f,"object"),"expected "+t.inspect(i)+" to be "+a+" "+t.inspect(s),"expected "+t.inspect(i)+" to not be "+a+" "+t.inspect(s))},r.closeTo=function(e,t,o,i){new n(e,i,r.closeTo,!0).to.be.closeTo(t,o)},r.approximately=function(e,t,o,i){new n(e,i,r.approximately,!0).to.be.approximately(t,o)},r.sameMembers=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.sameMembers,!0).to.have.same.members(t)},r.notSameMembers=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.notSameMembers,!0).to.not.have.same.members(t)},r.sameDeepMembers=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.sameDeepMembers,!0).to.have.same.deep.members(t)},r.notSameDeepMembers=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.notSameDeepMembers,!0).to.not.have.same.deep.members(t)},r.sameOrderedMembers=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.sameOrderedMembers,!0).to.have.same.ordered.members(t)},r.notSameOrderedMembers=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.notSameOrderedMembers,!0).to.not.have.same.ordered.members(t)},r.sameDeepOrderedMembers=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.sameDeepOrderedMembers,!0).to.have.same.deep.ordered.members(t)},r.notSameDeepOrderedMembers=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.notSameDeepOrderedMembers,!0).to.not.have.same.deep.ordered.members(t)},r.includeMembers=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.includeMembers,!0).to.include.members(t)},r.notIncludeMembers=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.notIncludeMembers,!0).to.not.include.members(t)},r.includeDeepMembers=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.includeDeepMembers,!0).to.include.deep.members(t)},r.notIncludeDeepMembers=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.notIncludeDeepMembers,!0).to.not.include.deep.members(t)},r.includeOrderedMembers=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.includeOrderedMembers,!0).to.include.ordered.members(t)},r.notIncludeOrderedMembers=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.notIncludeOrderedMembers,!0).to.not.include.ordered.members(t)},r.includeDeepOrderedMembers=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.includeDeepOrderedMembers,!0).to.include.deep.ordered.members(t)},r.notIncludeDeepOrderedMembers=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.notIncludeDeepOrderedMembers,!0).to.not.include.deep.ordered.members(t)},r.oneOf=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o,r.oneOf,!0).to.be.oneOf(t)},r.changes=function(e,t,o,i){3===arguments.length&&"function"==typeof t&&(i=o,o=null),new n(e,i,r.changes,!0).to.change(t,o)},r.changesBy=function(e,t,o,i,a){if(4===arguments.length&&"function"==typeof t){var s=i;i=o,a=s}else 3===arguments.length&&(i=o,o=null);new n(e,a,r.changesBy,!0).to.change(t,o).by(i)},r.doesNotChange=function(e,t,o,i){return 3===arguments.length&&"function"==typeof t&&(i=o,o=null),new n(e,i,r.doesNotChange,!0).to.not.change(t,o)},r.changesButNotBy=function(e,t,o,i,a){if(4===arguments.length&&"function"==typeof t){var s=i;i=o,a=s}else 3===arguments.length&&(i=o,o=null);new n(e,a,r.changesButNotBy,!0).to.change(t,o).but.not.by(i)},r.increases=function(e,t,o,i){return 3===arguments.length&&"function"==typeof t&&(i=o,o=null),new n(e,i,r.increases,!0).to.increase(t,o)},r.increasesBy=function(e,t,o,i,a){if(4===arguments.length&&"function"==typeof t){var s=i;i=o,a=s}else 3===arguments.length&&(i=o,o=null);new n(e,a,r.increasesBy,!0).to.increase(t,o).by(i)},r.doesNotIncrease=function(e,t,o,i){return 3===arguments.length&&"function"==typeof t&&(i=o,o=null),new n(e,i,r.doesNotIncrease,!0).to.not.increase(t,o)},r.increasesButNotBy=function(e,t,o,i,a){if(4===arguments.length&&"function"==typeof t){var s=i;i=o,a=s}else 3===arguments.length&&(i=o,o=null);new n(e,a,r.increasesButNotBy,!0).to.increase(t,o).but.not.by(i)},r.decreases=function(e,t,o,i){return 3===arguments.length&&"function"==typeof t&&(i=o,o=null),new n(e,i,r.decreases,!0).to.decrease(t,o)},r.decreasesBy=function(e,t,o,i,a){if(4===arguments.length&&"function"==typeof t){var s=i;i=o,a=s}else 3===arguments.length&&(i=o,o=null);new n(e,a,r.decreasesBy,!0).to.decrease(t,o).by(i)},r.doesNotDecrease=function(e,t,o,i){return 3===arguments.length&&"function"==typeof t&&(i=o,o=null),new n(e,i,r.doesNotDecrease,!0).to.not.decrease(t,o)},r.doesNotDecreaseBy=function(e,t,o,i,a){if(4===arguments.length&&"function"==typeof t){var s=i;i=o,a=s}else 3===arguments.length&&(i=o,o=null);return new n(e,a,r.doesNotDecreaseBy,!0).to.not.decrease(t,o).by(i)},r.decreasesButNotBy=function(e,t,o,i,a){if(4===arguments.length&&"function"==typeof t){var s=i;i=o,a=s}else 3===arguments.length&&(i=o,o=null);new n(e,a,r.decreasesButNotBy,!0).to.decrease(t,o).but.not.by(i)}
/*!
* ### .ifError(object)
*
* Asserts if value is not a false value, and throws if it is a true value.
* This is added to allow for chai to be a drop-in replacement for Node's
* assert class.
*
* var err = new Error('I am a custom error');
* assert.ifError(err); // Rethrows err!
*
* @name ifError
* @param {Object} object
* @namespace Assert
* @api public
*/,r.ifError=function(e){if(e)throw e},r.isExtensible=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isExtensible,!0).to.be.extensible},r.isNotExtensible=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isNotExtensible,!0).to.not.be.extensible},r.isSealed=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isSealed,!0).to.be.sealed},r.isNotSealed=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isNotSealed,!0).to.not.be.sealed},r.isFrozen=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isFrozen,!0).to.be.frozen},r.isNotFrozen=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isNotFrozen,!0).to.not.be.frozen},r.isEmpty=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isEmpty,!0).to.be.empty},r.isNotEmpty=function(e,t){new n(e,t,r.isNotEmpty,!0).to.not.be.empty},
/*!
* Aliases.
*/
function e(t,n){return r[n]=r[t],e}("isOk","ok")("isNotOk","notOk")("throws","throw")("throws","Throw")("isExtensible","extensible")("isNotExtensible","notExtensible")("isSealed","sealed")("isNotSealed","notSealed")("isFrozen","frozen")("isNotFrozen","notFrozen")("isEmpty","empty")("isNotEmpty","notEmpty")}},{}],7:[function(e,t,n){
/*!
* chai
*/
t.exports=function(e,t){e.expect=function(t,n){return new e.Assertion(t,n)},e.expect.fail=function(t,n,o,r){throw arguments.length<2&&(o=t,t=void 0),o=o||"expect.fail()",new e.AssertionError(o,{actual:t,expected:n,operator:r},e.expect.fail)}}},{}],8:[function(e,t,n){
/*!
* chai
*/
t.exports=function(e,t){var n=e.Assertion;function o(){Object.defineProperty(Object.prototype,"should",{set:function(e){Object.defineProperty(this,"should",{value:e,enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,writable:!0})},get:function e(){return this instanceof String||this instanceof Number||this instanceof Boolean||"function"==typeof Symbol&&this instanceof Symbol||"function"==typeof BigInt&&this instanceof BigInt?new n(this.valueOf(),null,e):new n(this,null,e)},configurable:!0});var t={fail:function(n,o,r,i){throw arguments.length<2&&(r=n,n=void 0),r=r||"should.fail()",new e.AssertionError(r,{actual:n,expected:o,operator:i},t.fail)},equal:function(e,t,o){new n(e,o).to.equal(t)},Throw:function(e,t,o,r){new n(e,r).to.Throw(t,o)},exist:function(e,t){new n(e,t).to.exist},not:{}};return t.not.equal=function(e,t,o){new n(e,o).to.not.equal(t)},t.not.Throw=function(e,t,o,r){new n(e,r).to.not.Throw(t,o)},t.not.exist=function(e,t){new n(e,t).to.not.exist},t.throw=t.Throw,t.not.throw=t.not.Throw,t}e.should=o,e.Should=o}},{}],9:[function(e,t,n){
/*!
* Chai - addChainingMethod utility
*/
/*!
* Module dependencies
*/
var o=e("./addLengthGuard"),r=e("../../chai"),i=e("./flag"),a=e("./proxify"),s=e("./transferFlags"),c="function"==typeof Object.setPrototypeOf,u=function(){},f=Object.getOwnPropertyNames(u).filter((function(e){var t=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(u,e);return"object"!=typeof t||!t.configurable})),l=Function.prototype.call,h=Function.prototype.apply;t.exports=function(e,t,n,u){"function"!=typeof u&&(u=function(){});var p={method:n,chainingBehavior:u};e.__methods||(e.__methods={}),e.__methods[t]=p,Object.defineProperty(e,t,{get:function(){p.chainingBehavior.call(this);var n=function(){i(this,"lockSsfi")||i(this,"ssfi",n);var e=p.method.apply(this,arguments);if(void 0!==e)return e;var t=new r.Assertion;return s(this,t),t};if(o(n,t,!0),c){var u=Object.create(this);u.call=l,u.apply=h,Object.setPrototypeOf(n,u)}else{Object.getOwnPropertyNames(e).forEach((function(t){if(-1===f.indexOf(t)){var o=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(e,t);Object.defineProperty(n,t,o)}}))}return s(this,n),a(n)},configurable:!0})}},{"../../chai":2,"./addLengthGuard":10,"./flag":15,"./proxify":30,"./transferFlags":32}],10:[function(e,t,n){var o=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor((function(){}),"length");
/*!
* Chai - addLengthGuard utility
*/t.exports=function(e,t,n){return o.configurable?(Object.defineProperty(e,"length",{get:function(){if(n)throw Error("Invalid Chai property: "+t+'.length. Due to a compatibility issue, "length" cannot directly follow "'+t+'". Use "'+t+'.lengthOf" instead.');throw Error("Invalid Chai property: "+t+'.length. See docs for proper usage of "'+t+'".')}}),e):e}},{}],11:[function(e,t,n){
/*!
* Chai - addMethod utility
*/
var o=e("./addLengthGuard"),r=e("../../chai"),i=e("./flag"),a=e("./proxify"),s=e("./transferFlags");t.exports=function(e,t,n){var c=function(){i(this,"lockSsfi")||i(this,"ssfi",c);var e=n.apply(this,arguments);if(void 0!==e)return e;var t=new r.Assertion;return s(this,t),t};o(c,t,!1),e[t]=a(c,t)}},{"../../chai":2,"./addLengthGuard":10,"./flag":15,"./proxify":30,"./transferFlags":32}],12:[function(e,t,n){
/*!
* Chai - addProperty utility
*/
var o=e("../../chai"),r=e("./flag"),i=e("./isProxyEnabled"),a=e("./transferFlags");t.exports=function(e,t,n){n=void 0===n?function(){}:n,Object.defineProperty(e,t,{get:function e(){i()||r(this,"lockSsfi")||r(this,"ssfi",e);var t=n.call(this);if(void 0!==t)return t;var s=new o.Assertion;return a(this,s),s},configurable:!0})}},{"../../chai":2,"./flag":15,"./isProxyEnabled":25,"./transferFlags":32}],13:[function(e,t,n){
/*!
* Chai - compareByInspect utility
*/
/*!
* Module dependencies
*/
var o=e("./inspect");t.exports=function(e,t){return o(e)<o(t)?-1:1}},{"./inspect":23}],14:[function(e,t,n){
/*!
* Chai - expectTypes utility
*/
var o=e("assertion-error"),r=e("./flag"),i=e("type-detect");t.exports=function(e,t){var n=r(e,"message"),a=r(e,"ssfi");n=n?n+": ":"",e=r(e,"object"),(t=t.map((function(e){return e.toLowerCase()}))).sort();var s=t.map((function(e,n){var o=~["a","e","i","o","u"].indexOf(e.charAt(0))?"an":"a";return(t.length>1&&n===t.length-1?"or ":"")+o+" "+e})).join(", "),c=i(e).toLowerCase();if(!t.some((function(e){return c===e})))throw new o(n+"object tested must be "+s+", but "+c+" given",void 0,a)}},{"./flag":15,"assertion-error":33,"type-detect":39}],15:[function(e,t,n){
/*!
* Chai - flag utility
*/
t.exports=function(e,t,n){var o=e.__flags||(e.__flags=Object.create(null));if(3!==arguments.length)return o[t];o[t]=n}},{}],16:[function(e,t,n){
/*!
* Chai - getActual utility
*/
t.exports=function(e,t){return t.length>4?t[4]:e._obj}},{}],17:[function(e,t,n){
/*!
* Chai - message composition utility
*/
/*!
* Module dependencies
*/
var o=e("./flag"),r=e("./getActual"),i=e("./objDisplay");t.exports=function(e,t){var n=o(e,"negate"),a=o(e,"object"),s=t[3],c=r(e,t),u=n?t[2]:t[1],f=o(e,"message");return"function"==typeof u&&(u=u()),u=(u=u||"").replace(/#\{this\}/g,(function(){return i(a)})).replace(/#\{act\}/g,(function(){return i(c)})).replace(/#\{exp\}/g,(function(){return i(s)})),f?f+": "+u:u}},{"./flag":15,"./getActual":16,"./objDisplay":26}],18:[function(e,t,n){var o=e("type-detect"),r=e("./flag");t.exports=function(e,t){var n=r(e,"operator"),i=r(e,"negate"),a=t[3],s=i?t[2]:t[1];if(n)return n;if("function"==typeof s&&(s=s()),(s=s||"")&&!/\shave\s/.test(s)){var c=function(e){var t=o(e);return-1!==["Array","Object","function"].indexOf(t)}(a);return/\snot\s/.test(s)?c?"notDeepStrictEqual":"notStrictEqual":c?"deepStrictEqual":"strictEqual"}}},{"./flag":15,"type-detect":39}],19:[function(e,t,n){
/*!
* Chai - getOwnEnumerableProperties utility
*/
/*!
* Module dependencies
*/
var o=e("./getOwnEnumerablePropertySymbols");t.exports=function(e){return Object.keys(e).concat(o(e))}},{"./getOwnEnumerablePropertySymbols":20}],20:[function(e,t,n){
/*!
* Chai - getOwnEnumerablePropertySymbols utility
*/
t.exports=function(e){return"function"!=typeof Object.getOwnPropertySymbols?[]:Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(e).filter((function(t){return Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(e,t).enumerable}))}},{}],21:[function(e,t,n){
/*!
* Chai - getProperties utility
*/
t.exports=function(e){var t=Object.getOwnPropertyNames(e);function n(e){-1===t.indexOf(e)&&t.push(e)}for(var o=Object.getPrototypeOf(e);null!==o;)Object.getOwnPropertyNames(o).forEach(n),o=Object.getPrototypeOf(o);return t}},{}],22:[function(e,t,n){
/*!
* chai
*/
/*!
* Dependencies that are used for multiple exports are required here only once
*/
var o=e("pathval");
/*!
* test utility
*/n.test=e("./test"),
/*!
* type utility
*/
n.type=e("type-detect"),
/*!
* expectTypes utility
*/
n.expectTypes=e("./expectTypes"),
/*!
* message utility
*/
n.getMessage=e("./getMessage"),
/*!
* actual utility
*/
n.getActual=e("./getActual"),
/*!
* Inspect util
*/
n.inspect=e("./inspect"),
/*!
* Object Display util
*/
n.objDisplay=e("./objDisplay"),
/*!
* Flag utility
*/
n.flag=e("./flag"),
/*!
* Flag transferring utility
*/
n.transferFlags=e("./transferFlags"),
/*!
* Deep equal utility
*/
n.eql=e("deep-eql"),
/*!
* Deep path info
*/
n.getPathInfo=o.getPathInfo,
/*!
* Check if a property exists
*/
n.hasProperty=o.hasProperty,
/*!
* Function name
*/
n.getName=e("get-func-name"),
/*!
* add Property
*/
n.addProperty=e("./addProperty"),
/*!
* add Method
*/
n.addMethod=e("./addMethod"),
/*!
* overwrite Property
*/
n.overwriteProperty=e("./overwriteProperty"),
/*!
* overwrite Method
*/
n.overwriteMethod=e("./overwriteMethod"),
/*!
* Add a chainable method
*/
n.addChainableMethod=e("./addChainableMethod"),
/*!
* Overwrite chainable method
*/
n.overwriteChainableMethod=e("./overwriteChainableMethod"),
/*!
* Compare by inspect method
*/
n.compareByInspect=e("./compareByInspect"),
/*!
* Get own enumerable property symbols method
*/
n.getOwnEnumerablePropertySymbols=e("./getOwnEnumerablePropertySymbols"),
/*!
* Get own enumerable properties method
*/
n.getOwnEnumerableProperties=e("./getOwnEnumerableProperties"),
/*!
* Checks error against a given set of criteria
*/
n.checkError=e("check-error"),
/*!
* Proxify util
*/
n.proxify=e("./proxify"),
/*!
* addLengthGuard util
*/
n.addLengthGuard=e("./addLengthGuard"),
/*!
* isProxyEnabled helper
*/
n.isProxyEnabled=e("./isProxyEnabled"),
/*!
* isNaN method
*/
n.isNaN=e("./isNaN"),
/*!
* getOperator method
*/
n.getOperator=e("./getOperator")},{"./addChainableMethod":9,"./addLengthGuard":10,"./addMethod":11,"./addProperty":12,"./compareByInspect":13,"./expectTypes":14,"./flag":15,"./getActual":16,"./getMessage":17,"./getOperator":18,"./getOwnEnumerableProperties":19,"./getOwnEnumerablePropertySymbols":20,"./inspect":23,"./isNaN":24,"./isProxyEnabled":25,"./objDisplay":26,"./overwriteChainableMethod":27,"./overwriteMethod":28,"./overwriteProperty":29,"./proxify":30,"./test":31,"./transferFlags":32,"check-error":34,"deep-eql":35,"get-func-name":36,pathval:38,"type-detect":39}],23:[function(e,t,n){e("get-func-name");var o=e("loupe"),r=e("../config");t.exports=function(e,t,n,i){var a={colors:i,depth:void 0===n?2:n,showHidden:t,truncate:r.truncateThreshold?r.truncateThreshold:1/0};return o.inspect(e,a)}},{"../config":4,"get-func-name":36,loupe:37}],24:[function(e,t,n){t.exports=Number.isNaN||
/*!
* Chai - isNaN utility
*/
function(e){return e!=e}},{}],25:[function(e,t,n){var o=e("../config");
/*!
* Chai - isProxyEnabled helper
*/t.exports=function(){return o.useProxy&&"undefined"!=typeof Proxy&&"undefined"!=typeof Reflect}},{"../config":4}],26:[function(e,t,n){
/*!
* Chai - flag utility
*/
/*!
* Module dependencies
*/
var o=e("./inspect"),r=e("../config");t.exports=function(e){var t=o(e),n=Object.prototype.toString.call(e);if(r.truncateThreshold&&t.length>=r.truncateThreshold){if("[object Function]"===n)return e.name&&""!==e.name?"[Function: "+e.name+"]":"[Function]";if("[object Array]"===n)return"[ Array("+e.length+") ]";if("[object Object]"===n){var i=Object.keys(e);return"{ Object ("+(i.length>2?i.splice(0,2).join(", ")+", ...":i.join(", "))+") }"}return t}return t}},{"../config":4,"./inspect":23}],27:[function(e,t,n){
/*!
* Chai - overwriteChainableMethod utility
*/
var o=e("../../chai"),r=e("./transferFlags");t.exports=function(e,t,n,i){var a=e.__methods[t],s=a.chainingBehavior;a.chainingBehavior=function(){var e=i(s).call(this);if(void 0!==e)return e;var t=new o.Assertion;return r(this,t),t};var c=a.method;a.method=function(){var e=n(c).apply(this,arguments);if(void 0!==e)return e;var t=new o.Assertion;return r(this,t),t}}},{"../../chai":2,"./transferFlags":32}],28:[function(e,t,n){
/*!
* Chai - overwriteMethod utility
*/
var o=e("./addLengthGuard"),r=e("../../chai"),i=e("./flag"),a=e("./proxify"),s=e("./transferFlags");t.exports=function(e,t,n){var c=e[t],u=function(){throw new Error(t+" is not a function")};c&&"function"==typeof c&&(u=c);var f=function(){i(this,"lockSsfi")||i(this,"ssfi",f);var e=i(this,"lockSsfi");i(this,"lockSsfi",!0);var t=n(u).apply(this,arguments);if(i(this,"lockSsfi",e),void 0!==t)return t;var o=new r.Assertion;return s(this,o),o};o(f,t,!1),e[t]=a(f,t)}},{"../../chai":2,"./addLengthGuard":10,"./flag":15,"./proxify":30,"./transferFlags":32}],29:[function(e,t,n){
/*!
* Chai - overwriteProperty utility
*/
var o=e("../../chai"),r=e("./flag"),i=e("./isProxyEnabled"),a=e("./transferFlags");t.exports=function(e,t,n){var s=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(e,t),c=function(){};s&&"function"==typeof s.get&&(c=s.get),Object.defineProperty(e,t,{get:function e(){i()||r(this,"lockSsfi")||r(this,"ssfi",e);var t=r(this,"lockSsfi");r(this,"lockSsfi",!0);var s=n(c).call(this);if(r(this,"lockSsfi",t),void 0!==s)return s;var u=new o.Assertion;return a(this,u),u},configurable:!0})}},{"../../chai":2,"./flag":15,"./isProxyEnabled":25,"./transferFlags":32}],30:[function(e,t,n){var o=e("../config"),r=e("./flag"),i=e("./getProperties"),a=e("./isProxyEnabled"),s=["__flags","__methods","_obj","assert"];t.exports=function(e,t){return a()?new Proxy(e,{get:function e(n,a){if("string"==typeof a&&-1===o.proxyExcludedKeys.indexOf(a)&&!Reflect.has(n,a)){if(t)throw Error("Invalid Chai property: "+t+"."+a+'. See docs for proper usage of "'+t+'".');var c=null,u=4;throw i(n).forEach((function(e){if(!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty(e)&&-1===s.indexOf(e)){var t=function(e,t,n){if(Math.abs(e.length-t.length)>=n)return n;for(var o=[],r=0;r<=e.length;r++)o[r]=Array(t.length+1).fill(0),o[r][0]=r;for(var i=0;i<t.length;i++)o[0][i]=i;for(r=1;r<=e.length;r++){var a=e.charCodeAt(r-1);for(i=1;i<=t.length;i++)Math.abs(r-i)>=n?o[r][i]=n:o[r][i]=Math.min(o[r-1][i]+1,o[r][i-1]+1,o[r-1][i-1]+(a===t.charCodeAt(i-1)?0:1))}return o[e.length][t.length]}(a,e,u);t<u&&(c=e,u=t)}})),null!==c?Error("Invalid Chai property: "+a+'. Did you mean "'+c+'"?'):Error("Invalid Chai property: "+a)}return-1!==s.indexOf(a)||r(n,"lockSsfi")||r(n,"ssfi",e),Reflect.get(n,a)}}):e}},{"../config":4,"./flag":15,"./getProperties":21,"./isProxyEnabled":25}],31:[function(e,t,n){
/*!
* Chai - test utility
*/
/*!
* Module dependencies
*/
var o=e("./flag");t.exports=function(e,t){var n=o(e,"negate"),r=t[0];return n?!r:r}},{"./flag":15}],32:[function(e,t,n){
/*!
* Chai - transferFlags utility
*/
t.exports=function(e,t,n){var o=e.__flags||(e.__flags=Object.create(null));for(var r in t.__flags||(t.__flags=Object.create(null)),n=3!==arguments.length||n,o)(n||"object"!==r&&"ssfi"!==r&&"lockSsfi"!==r&&"message"!=r)&&(t.__flags[r]=o[r])}},{}],33:[function(e,t,n){
/*!
* assertion-error
*/
/*!
* Return a function that will copy properties from
* one object to another excluding any originally
* listed. Returned function will create a new `{}`.
*
* @param {String} excluded properties ...
* @return {Function}
*/
function o(){var e=[].slice.call(arguments);function t(t,n){Object.keys(n).forEach((function(o){~e.indexOf(o)||(t[o]=n[o])}))}return function(){for(var e=[].slice.call(arguments),n=0,o={};n<e.length;n++)t(o,e[n]);return o}}function r(e,t,n){var i=o("name","message","stack","constructor","toJSON")(t||{});for(var a in this.message=e||"Unspecified AssertionError",this.showDiff=!1,i)this[a]=i[a];if(n=n||r,Error.captureStackTrace)Error.captureStackTrace(this,n);else try{throw new Error}catch(e){this.stack=e.stack}}
/*!
* Inherit from Error.prototype
*/
/*!
* Primary Exports
*/
t.exports=r,r.prototype=Object.create(Error.prototype),
/*!
* Statically set name
*/
r.prototype.name="AssertionError",
/*!
* Ensure correct constructor
*/
r.prototype.constructor=r,r.prototype.toJSON=function(e){var t=o("constructor","toJSON","stack")({name:this.name},this);return!1!==e&&this.stack&&(t.stack=this.stack),t}},{}],34:[function(e,t,n){"use strict";var o=/\s*function(?:\s|\s*\/\*[^(?:*\/)]+\*\/\s*)*([^\(\/]+)/;function r(e){var t="";if(void 0===e.name){var n=String(e).match(o);n&&(t=n[1])}else t=e.name;return t}t.exports={compatibleInstance:function(e,t){return t instanceof Error&&e===t},compatibleConstructor:function(e,t){return t instanceof Error?e.constructor===t.constructor||e instanceof t.constructor:(t.prototype instanceof Error||t===Error)&&(e.constructor===t||e instanceof t)},compatibleMessage:function(e,t){var n="string"==typeof e?e:e.message;return t instanceof RegExp?t.test(n):"string"==typeof t&&-1!==n.indexOf(t)},getMessage:function(e){var t="";return e&&e.message?t=e.message:"string"==typeof e&&(t=e),t},getConstructorName:function(e){var t=e;return e instanceof Error?t=r(e.constructor):"function"==typeof e&&(t=r(e).trim()||r(new e)),t}}},{}],35:[function(e,t,n){"use strict";
/*!
* deep-eql
*/var o=e("type-detect");function r(){this._key="chai/deep-eql__"+Math.random()+Date.now()}r.prototype={get:function(e){return e[this._key]},set:function(e,t){Object.isExtensible(e)&&Object.defineProperty(e,this._key,{value:t,configurable:!0})}};var i="function"==typeof WeakMap?WeakMap:r;
/*!
* Check to see if the MemoizeMap has recorded a result of the two operands
*
* @param {Mixed} leftHandOperand
* @param {Mixed} rightHandOperand
* @param {MemoizeMap} memoizeMap
* @returns {Boolean|null} result
*/function a(e,t,n){if(!n||m(e)||m(t))return null;var o=n.get(e);if(o){var r=o.get(t);if("boolean"==typeof r)return r}return null}
/*!
* Set the result of the equality into the MemoizeMap
*
* @param {Mixed} leftHandOperand
* @param {Mixed} rightHandOperand
* @param {MemoizeMap} memoizeMap
* @param {Boolean} result
*/function s(e,t,n,o){if(n&&!m(e)&&!m(t)){var r=n.get(e);r?r.set(t,o):((r=new i).set(t,o),n.set(e,r))}}
/*!
* Primary Export
*/function c(e,t,n){if(n&&n.comparator)return f(e,t,n);var o=u(e,t);return null!==o?o:f(e,t,n)}function u(e,t){return e===t?0!==e||1/e==1/t:e!=e&&t!=t||!m(e)&&!m(t)&&null}
/*!
* The main logic of the `deepEqual` function.
*
* @param {Mixed} leftHandOperand
* @param {Mixed} rightHandOperand
* @param {Object} [options] (optional) Additional options
* @param {Array} [options.comparator] (optional) Override default algorithm, determining custom equality.
* @param {Array} [options.memoize] (optional) Provide a custom memoization object which will cache the results of
complex objects for a speed boost. By passing `false` you can disable memoization, but this will cause circular
references to blow the stack.
* @return {Boolean} equal match
*/function f(e,t,n){(n=n||{}).memoize=!1!==n.memoize&&(n.memoize||new i);var r=n&&n.comparator,f=a(e,t,n.memoize);if(null!==f)return f;var m=a(t,e,n.memoize);if(null!==m)return m;if(r){var v=r(e,t);if(!1===v||!0===v)return s(e,t,n.memoize,v),v;var x=u(e,t);if(null!==x)return x}var O=o(e);if(O!==o(t))return s(e,t,n.memoize,!1),!1;s(e,t,n.memoize,!0);var j=function(e,t,n,o){switch(n){case"String":case"Number":case"Boolean":case"Date":return c(e.valueOf(),t.valueOf());case"Promise":case"Symbol":case"function":case"WeakMap":case"WeakSet":return e===t;case"Error":return b(e,t,["name","message","code"],o);case"Arguments":case"Int8Array":case"Uint8Array":case"Uint8ClampedArray":case"Int16Array":case"Uint16Array":case"Int32Array":case"Uint32Array":case"Float32Array":case"Float64Array":case"Array":return h(e,t,o);case"RegExp":
/*!
* Compare two Regular Expressions for equality.
*
* @param {RegExp} leftHandOperand
* @param {RegExp} rightHandOperand
* @return {Boolean} result
*/
return function(e,t){return e.toString()===t.toString()}
/*!
* Compare two Sets/Maps for equality. Faster than other equality functions.
*
* @param {Set} leftHandOperand
* @param {Set} rightHandOperand
* @param {Object} [options] (Optional)
* @return {Boolean} result
*/(e,t);case"Generator":
/*!
* Simple equality for generator objects such as those returned by generator functions.
*
* @param {Iterable} leftHandOperand
* @param {Iterable} rightHandOperand
* @param {Object} [options] (Optional)
* @return {Boolean} result
*/
return function(e,t,n){return h(d(e),d(t),n)}
/*!
* Determine if the given object has an @@iterator function.
*
* @param {Object} target
* @return {Boolean} `true` if the object has an @@iterator function.
*/(e,t,o);case"DataView":return h(new Uint8Array(e.buffer),new Uint8Array(t.buffer),o);case"ArrayBuffer":return h(new Uint8Array(e),new Uint8Array(t),o);case"Set":case"Map":return l(e,t,o);case"Temporal.PlainDate":case"Temporal.PlainTime":case"Temporal.PlainDateTime":case"Temporal.Instant":case"Temporal.ZonedDateTime":case"Temporal.PlainYearMonth":case"Temporal.PlainMonthDay":return e.equals(t);case"Temporal.Duration":return e.total("nanoseconds")===t.total("nanoseconds");case"Temporal.TimeZone":case"Temporal.Calendar":return e.toString()===t.toString();default:
/*!
* Recursively check the equality of two Objects. Once basic sameness has been established it will defer to `deepEqual`
* for each enumerable key in the object.
*
* @param {Mixed} leftHandOperand
* @param {Mixed} rightHandOperand
* @param {Object} [options] (Optional)
* @return {Boolean} result
*/
return function(e,t,n){var o=y(e),r=y(t),i=g(e),a=g(t);if(o=o.concat(i),r=r.concat(a),o.length&&o.length===r.length)return!1!==h(w(o).sort(),w(r).sort())&&b(e,t,o,n);var s=p(e),c=p(t);if(s.length&&s.length===c.length)return s.sort(),c.sort(),h(s,c,n);if(0===o.length&&0===s.length&&0===r.length&&0===c.length)return!0;return!1}
/*!
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``` |
Olalekan Sipasi (born 9 September 1987) is a Nigerian farmer, entrepreneur and community development rooter with a focus on Sustainable agriculture practice.
Education
Olalekan Sipasi received a bachelor's degree in Animal Production and Health from the Federal University of Technology, Akure and a master's in Animal science from the University of Ibadan. He holds a certificate in Business administration from African Management Institute, Nairobi, Kenya and Enterprise Development Centre of the Pan-African University, Lagos, Nigeria.
Sipasi is Currently a PhD student and a Graduate research assistant at the department of Horticulture and Natural Resources at Kansas State University.
Establishments
ProtectOzone
ProtectOzone is a Nonprofit organization that was Co-founded by Olalekan Sipasi and Olayanju Folasayo in 2015 in Nigeria to set in motion citizen awareness in protecting the ozone layer, and train indigent children, women, farmers and youths in sustainable agricultural practices to improve their living subsistence.
This initiative came as a result of Sipasi trip to Tanzania in 2015 and his encounter with South Sudanese, United Nations Volunteers - Dr Hussien I M Shagar. Who told him for the first time in his life about voluntary service. This later fired-up his interest of what he could do to help his country.
Prior to setting up ProtectOzone, Sipasi had volunteered and still in the act of volunteering with different NGOs. Notable among them are: Food4All Ghana, Education Concern for Hunger Organization (East and West Africa), ONE in Africa, Voluntary Service Overseas Nigeria, etc.
L'Afrika Integrated Farms
As a result of his father losing faith in his success. Sipasi established L'Affrika Integrated Farms in 2011 to cater for his needs. The farm uses herbal amino acids alternatives, an application centred around his final year project. The attention of AMPION Venture Bus of Germany was drawn to the idea and he was shortlisted to make a pitch involving five West African countries.
Mobile Kitchen
Sipasi initiated the Mobile Kitchen Garden, where he used environmental harmful waste materials to nurture food. Fortunately for him, the innovation brought him the 2015 Hidden Eco-hero Award, Samsung Engineering's Tunza Eco-generation, Seoul, South Korea.
Works
Sipasi worked under the Office of the Vice President of Nigeria on the National Livestock Transformation Plan and National Home-Grown School Feeding Program as an N-Power Agro volunteer.
Sipasi is currently working on United States Consulate sponsored project (Farming for Empowerment & Entrepreneurship Development) where he trains local youths from the rural parts of Lagos on Sustainable Smart urban Agriculture to improve their living conditions.
He is the Country Coordinator of African Youth Employment Initiatives, Nigeria. And also coordinator of National Youth Service Corps, Social Development Goals.
Global engagement
Sipasi has spoken in numerous conferences on both local and international platforms on youth's participation in agriculture.
On 24 April, Sipasi joined other 90 G20 youths in Germany to develop and amend the Berlin Charter on "Creating Opportunities with the Young Generation in the Rural world" He was chosen as part of 30 African Change makers in the Agricultural sector.
Membership
Sipasi is member of the Global Shaper of the World Economic Forum, and holds a fellowship position of the following bodies:
Fellow Thinking School Africa 2016.
Carrington Fellow 2017.
Full African Fellow of StartingBloc Institute 2018.
Fellow of the Social Innovators Fellowship of LEAP Africa.
Mandela Washington Fellowship for Young African Leaders.
Awards
Sipasi is a recipient of the following awards: United States Consular General's Award; The Nigerian-American Partnership award; President Barack Obama's Young African Leaders Initiative Ambassador to Nigeria, 2013; Hidden Eco-hero Award 2015, Samsung Engineering's Tunza Eco-generation, Seoul, South Korea; Top 10 Go Green in the City Ambassador of the Schneider Electric, 2016; Lion's Awards, as the most influential participant of Obama's Young African Leaders Initiative (YALI), West Africa Cohort 3, West Africa Centre for Cooperate Social Responsibility; Africa Youth Award for Agriculture; Civil Society Award for Sustainable Environment, 2017; ONE Champion 2017; Africa LEADGo Green in the city; Social Innovators Program & Award SIPA, LEAP Africa.
References
External links
Kansas State University Blog.
Eco Africa - The Environment Magazine.
The Green Institute.
Rhealyz Green Network.
IREX Organization
Herox.
Living people
1987 births
People from Ondo City
21st-century Nigerian businesspeople
Yoruba businesspeople
Nigerian farmers
Nigerian company founders
Mayflower School alumni
Federal University of Technology Akure alumni
University of Ibadan alumni
Pan-Atlantic University alumni
Yoruba farmers
21st-century farmers |
A laddermill kite system is an airborne wind turbine consisting of a long string or loop of power kites.
The loop or string of kites (the "ladder") would be launched in the air by the lifting force of the kites, until it is fully unrolled, and the top reaches a height determined by designers and operators; some designers have considered heights of about , but the concept is not height-dependent. The laddermill method may use one endless loop, two endless loops, or more such loops.
Introduction
In a 2007 "road map" report on renewable energy adopted by the European Parliament, laddermill technology was listed among various "promising and challenging" new energy sources into which revenue from emissions trading could be reinvested.
Operating modes
There are currently two operating modes considered:
The kites pull up the long string on which they are tethered, and the resulting energy is then used to drive an electric generator. When the end of the string is reached the pull force of the kites is reduced by changing the angle of attack of the kites "wing shape", and the string is then rewound with the electric generator acting as a motor, or by other means. If the string is reduced to its minimum length the next energy generating cycle is started by restoring the angle of attack of the kites to maximum lift.
Kites on one side of a wire loop generate lift while the ones on the other side do not because the angle of attack of the kites "wing shape" changes when the kite passes the top of the loop. So the kites pull up only one end of an endless loop, causing the loop to start to rotate, and the resulting released energy is then used to drive an electric generator.
Design
A "rotating loop" "LadderMill" project was designed and developed by the Dutch ex-astronaut and physicist Wubbo Ockels.
As quoted from his website:
The LadderMill is the response to the challenge for exploiting the gigantic energy source contained in the airspace up to high altitudes of 10 km. The concept has been developed with the aim to convert wind energy at altitude in electricity on the ground in an environmental and cost effective manner.
References
External links
The laddermill website of Wubbo Ockels.
Website of the Delft University of Technology explaining the principle of the LadderMill project.
paper "Design and Construction of a 4 kW Groundstation for the Laddermill".
Giant kites to tap power of the high wind Alok Jha, The Guardian, Sunday August 3, 2008
Airborne wind power
Kites
Aircraft engines |
Ampelus (Latin) or Ampelos (, lit."Vine") was a town in the southeast extremity of ancient Crete, on a cape of the same name.
Its site is tentatively located near Farmakokefalo.
References
Populated places in ancient Crete
Former populated places in Greece |
Turkey competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. The nation returned to the Summer Games after participating in the American-led boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics. 46 competitors, 45 men and 1 woman, took part in 49 events in 10 sports.
Medalists
Archery
In its first Olympic archery competition, Turkey was represented by two men.
Men's Individual Competition:
Kemal Erer — 2386 points (→ 40th place)
Izzet Avçi — 2361 points (→ 45th place)
Athletics
Men
Track & road events
Women
Track & road events
Boxing
Men's Light Flyweight (– 48 kg)
Mustafa Genç
First Round — Lost to Carlos Motta (GUA), 0:5
Men's Bantamweight (– 54 kg)
Çemal Öner
First Round — Bye
Second Round — Defeated Bararq Bahtobe (CIV), 4-1
Third Round — Lost to Pedro Decima (ARG), 1-4
Fencing
Two fencers, both men, represented Turkey in 1984.
Men's foil
Haluk Yamaç
Men's épée
Ali Murat Dizioğlu
Judo
Sailing
Shooting
Swimming
Men's 100m Freestyle
Kemal Sabri Özün
Heat — 53.39 (→ did not advance, 35th place)
Gökhan Attaroglu
Heat — 54.22 (→ did not advance, 43rd place)
Men's 200m Freestyle
Gökhan Attaroglu
Heat — 1:55.92 (→ did not advance, 32nd place)
Men's 400m Freestyle
Ahmet Nakkas
Heat — 4:07.07 (→ did not advance, 29th place)
Gökhan Attaroglu
Heat — 54.22 (→ did not advance, 30th place)
Men's 1500m Freestyle
Ahmet Nakkas
Heat — DNS (→ did not advance, no ranking)
Men's 100m Butterfly
Ihsan Sadri Özün
Heat — 56.55 (→ did not advance, 24th place)
Kemal Sadri Özün
Heat — 57.75 (→ did not advance, 35th place)
Men's 200m Butterfly
Ihsan Sadri Özün
Heat — 2:07.45 (→ did not advance, 26th place)
Men's 200m Individual Medley
Gökhan Attaroglu
Heat — DSQ (→ did not advance, no ranking)
Men's 4 × 100 m Freestyle Relay
Kemal Sadri Özün, Ihsan Sadri Özün, Ahmed Nakkas, and Gökhan Attaroglu
Heat — 3:36.54 (→ did not advance, 19th place)
Men's 4 × 200 m Freestyle Relay
Gökhan Attaroglu, Kemal Sabri Özün, Ahmed Nakkas, and Ihsan Sadri Özün
Heat — 7:59.36 (→ did not advance, 12th place)
Weightlifting
Wrestling
References
Nations at the 1984 Summer Olympics
1984
1984 in Turkish sport |
Mohd Razi bin Mohd Ali (born 1 April 1973) is a Malaysian politician who has served as Member of the Negeri Sembilan State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Sungai Lui since May 2013. He is a member of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), a component party of the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition.
Election results
Honours
:
Medal for Outstanding Public Service (PMC) (2011)
Companion of the Order of Loyalty to Negeri Sembilan (DNS) (2014)
References
1973 births
Living people
United Malays National Organisation politicians
Members of the Negeri Sembilan State Legislative Assembly |
The National Assembly of the Republic of Kenya is one of the two Houses of the Parliament of Kenya. Between 1966 and 2013, it served as a unicameral house. In 2013 (11th Parliament), it became the lower house when the Senate was reestablished.
It has a total of 349 seats: 290 elected from the constituencies, 47 women elected from the counties and 12 nominated representatives. The Speaker of the National Assembly of Kenya serves as an ex officio member.
The High Court of Kenya ordered lawmakers to introduce gender quotas, or face dissolution in the mid-2010s, following the implementation of the 2010 Constitution.
Committees
House Keeping committees
House Business Committee: creates Parliamentary calendar; schedules committee business; issues directives and guidelines to prioritise or postpone any business of the House.
Procedure & House Rules Committee: proposes rules for the orderly and effective conduct of committee business.
Liaison Committee: guides and co-ordinates the operations, policies and mandates of all committees.
Committee on Selection: nominates members to serve in committees.
Committee on Members Services & Facilities.
Investigatory Committees
Public Accounts Committee: responsible for the examination of the accounts showing the appropriations of the sum voted by the House to meet the public expenditure and of such other accounts
Public Investments Committee: examines the reports and accounts of public investments
Special Funds Accounts Committee: examines the reports and accounts of national Funds except the National Governments Constituency Development Fund (NGCDF)
Departmental committees:
Defence and Foreign Relations Committee: Defence, intelligence, foreign relations diplomatic and consular services, international boundaries, international relations, agreements, treaties and conventions
Administration and National Security Committee: National security, police services, home affairs, public administration, public service, prisons, immigration and the management of natural disasters, community service orders
Agriculture & Livestock Committee: Agriculture, livestock, irrigation, fisheries development, co-operatives development, production and marketing
Environment and Natural Resources Committee: Matters relating to climate change, environment management and conservation, forestry, water resource management, wildlife, mining and natural resources, pollution and waste management
Education & Research Committee: Education, training, research and technological advancement
Energy Committee: Fossil fuels exploration, Development, production, maintenance and regulation of energy, communication, information, broadcasting and Information Communications Technology (ICT) development and management
Finance and Planning: Public finance, monetary policies, public debt, financial institutions, investment and divestiture policies, pricing policies, banking, insurance, population, revenue policies, planning, national development, trade, tourism promotion and management, commerce and industry
Health Committee: Matters related to health, medical care and health insurance
Justice and Legal Affairs Committee: Constitutional affairs, the administration of law and justice, including the Judiciary, public prosecutions, elections, ethics, integrity and anti-corruption and human rights
Labour and Social Welfare Committee: Labour, trade union relations, manpower or human resource planning, gender, culture and social welfare, youth, National Youth Service children's welfare; national heritage, betting, lotteries and sports
Lands Committee: Matters related to lands and settlement
Transport, Public Works and Housing Committee: Transport, roads, public works, construction and maintenance of roads, rails and buildings, air, seaports and housing
Trade, Industry and Cooperatives Committee
Communication, Information and Innovation Committee
Other Select committees:
Budget and Appropriations Committee: investigates, inquires into and reports on all matters related to co-ordination, control and monitoring of the national budget; examines the Budget Policy Statement; examines bills related to the national budget, specifically the Appropriations Bill, the Supplementary Appropriation Bill, the Division of Revenue Bill and the County Allocation of Revenue Bill
Committee on Implementation: responsible for scrutinising the resolutions of the House (including adopted committee reports), petitions and the undertakings given by the National Executive
Committee on Delegated Legislation: delegates on statutory instruments submitted to the Assembly
Committee on Regional Integration: examine the records of all the relevant debates and resolutions of the meetings of the East African Legislative Assembly; inquires into and examines any other matter relating to regional integration generally requiring action by the House
Committee on Appointments:
National Government Constituency Development Fund Committee
Constitution Implementation Oversight Committee
Pensions Committee
Committee on National Cohesion and Equal Opportunity
Parliamentary Broadcasting and Library Committee
Coalition and party summary
See also, Kenya National Assembly elections, 2013. For a list of current members, see 12th Parliament of Kenya#Members
Prior to the 2013 elections, the Jubilee Alliance consisted of The National Alliance, United Republican Party, and the National Rainbow Coalition. After the results were announced, Jubilee made post-election agreements with the New Ford Kenya, Alliance Party of Kenya, Chama Cha Uzalendo, People's Democratic Party, Ford People, Kenya African National Union, and United Democratic Forum.
Reports indicate that two independents, NARC-Kenya, and one member of the Federal Party of Kenya also agreed to work with Jubilee.
(Members between 2013 and 2017)
See also
National Assembly of Kenya elections, 2007
Constitution of Kenya
General:
History of Kenya
List of national legislatures
Legislative branch
References
External links
Parliament of Kenya
Politics of Kenya
K
1963 establishments in Kenya |
George Jeffreys (ca. 16104 or 5 July 1685) was an English composer during the period that saw the introduction of the Italian seconda pratica to northern Europe.
Life
Jeffreys was organist to Charles I at Oxford in 1643. From about 1648 till his death he held the post of steward to the Hattons of Kirby, Northamptonshire. Many of Jeffreys's letters are preserved in the Hatton-Finch correspondence; they cover a period of nearly forty years. From 1648 Jeffreys resided at Little Weldon. He died before 12 July 1685.
Work
Jeffreys's anthem "Erit gloria Domini" is printed in the Cantica Sacra of 1672. He composed numerous anthems and motets, many of which are in manuscript in the Aldrich collection, Christ Church, Oxford. The library of the Royal College of Music also has music by this composer, as does British Library Addit. MS. 10338.
Family
Jeffreys's son, Christopher Jeffreys (d. 1693) was also a musician. He was elected as a king's scholar of Westminster School to Christ Church, Oxford, in 1659, proceeded B.A. in 1663 and M.A. in 1666. Christopher and his wife Anna continued to live in his father's house at Little Weldon, Northamptonshire, up to the latter's death in July 1685. Christopher died in 1693. His son George Jeffreys was known for verse. A sister was privately married in 1669 to Henry Goode, rector of Weldon in 1684.
References
Peter Aston, Jeffeys, George in The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
Notes
External links
Digitised copy of Peter Aston's thesis 'George Jeffreys and the english baroque' (University of York, 1970)
Attribution
1610s births
1685 deaths
English classical composers
English Baroque composers
17th-century classical composers
English male classical composers
17th-century male musicians |
Karin-gorfood (Karin-garfood, Karin-karfood) is a town in the Sool region of Somaliland.
Education
According to the 2007 survey, Karin-gorfood has an integrated school with 90 students. However, this year was severely affected by the drought and the resulting displacement.
History
In June 2008, the International Committee of the Red Cross donated rice, oil, and cowpeas to a poor district in the Sool region including Karin-gorfood.
In September 2012, Minister of Education Puntland inspected the educational situation in Karin-gorfood and other cities.
In June 2014, Khatumo State forces led by Ali Khalif Galaydh rest their troops in Karin-gorfood on their way from Taleh to Sahdheer, pursued by Somaliland forces.
In November 2017, a measles epidemic broke out in the Bo'ame district, and the epidemic was particularly prolonged in Karin-gorfood due to a lack of vaccine and other factors.
In May 2020, a coordinator from the Somaliland Ministry of Health visited a number of towns in the Sool region, including Karin-gorfood.
In January 2021, a conference for peace was held in Karin-gorfood.
References
Cities in Somalia
Populated places in Sool, Somaliland |
Parkland Village is an unincorporated community in Alberta, Canada within Parkland County. It was previously recognized as a designated place by Statistics Canada in the 2001 Census of Canada. It is located on Range Road 272, north of Highway 16 (Yellowhead Highway) and the City of Spruce Grove.
Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Parkland Village had a population of 1,479 living in 674 of its 704 total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of 1,934. With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2021.
Education
Parkland Village is home to Parkland Village School. Administered by Parkland School Division No. 70, the school offers instruction to students in kindergarten through grade four. Its catchment area includes Parkland Village, nearby Acheson and surrounding rural areas of Parkland County. The school has a student population of 182.
See also
List of communities in Alberta
List of designated places in Alberta
References
Designated places in Alberta
Localities in Parkland County |
Rodrigo Agustín Montes (born 3 April 2000) is an Argentine footballer currently playing as a midfielder for Central Córdoba SdE on loan from Boca Juniors.
Career statistics
Club
Notes
References
2000 births
Living people
Footballers from Córdoba, Argentina
Argentine men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Argentine Primera División players
Boca Juniors footballers
Central Córdoba de Santiago del Estero footballers |
Bubendorf may refer to:
in Switzerland
Bubendorf, a municipality in the canton of Basel-Country
a former German name for Boncourt, Switzerland, in the canton of Jura
in Germany
the place Bubendorf (Saxony) in the municipality of Frohburg, district Leipziger Land, Saxony
in Austria
Bubendorf (Wolfsbach), in the municipality Wolfsbach, Lower Austria
Bubendorf (Pilgersdorf), in the municipality Pilgersdorf, Burgenland |
Reel Stories, formerly Camp Reel Stories is a filmmaking program for girls and non-binary youth aged 12–19 years old. Reel Stories seeks to close a gender gap in the film industry and empower youth to create media in a supportive environment.
Summer Camp
Their summer camp takes place in both Oakland and Los Angeles. The camp is divided into a beginners camp and an advanced camp.
History
Reel Stories was founded in 2013 by Esther Pearl.
In 2021, Reel Stories merged with the Bay Area Video Coalition.
See also
Women in film
Bechdel test
Reel Grrls
Bay Area Video Coalition
References
External links
Official website
Communications and media organizations based in the United States
Youth empowerment organizations
Women's empowerment
Organizations based in Oakland, California
Summer camps in California |
Galbo (Italian) or Galbó (Catalan) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Cristina Galbó (born 1950), Spanish actress
Luciano Galbo (1943–2011), Italian racing cyclist
See also
Rick Galbos (born 1951), American footballer
Catalan-language surnames
Italian-language surnames |
```php
<?php
/**
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* or in the "license" file accompanying this file. This file is distributed
* on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either
*/
namespace Aws\Redshift\Exception;
/**
* The request would exceed the allowed number of cluster instances for this account. For information about increasing your quota, go to Limits in Amazon Redshift in the Amazon Redshift Management Guide.
*/
class ClusterQuotaExceededException extends RedshiftException {}
``` |
José Mariano Arista (26 July 1802 – 7 August 1855) was a Mexican soldier and politician who also became president of Mexico.
He was in command of the Mexican forces at the opening battles of the Mexican American War: the Battle of Palo Alto and the Battle of Resaca de la Palma, which were disastrous losses for Mexico and resulted in Arista being court martialled though eventually acquitted. He continued to play a notable role in government and was Minister of War under President Jose Joaquin Herrera.
Arista himself would succeed Herrera as president and his inauguration would mark the first peaceful transfer of power in Mexico since 1824. The Herrera and Arista administrations occurring immediately after the end of the Mexican American War were eras of stability, moderate rule, and economic growth. Writing in 1920, Mexican historian Francisco Bulnes actually rated Arista as the greatest of Mexico's presidents. Arista, however would be overthrown after sweeping budget cuts led to widespread discontent. The insurgents who overthrew him brought Santa Anna back into power for what turned out to be his last dictatorship. Arista was exiled by Santa Anna, and died in Lisbon in 1855.
Early life
Mariano Arista was born on 26 July 1802 and in 1813 enlisted as a cadet in the regiment of provincials of Puebla. He belonged to the Veracruz Lancers, and to the Mexico Dragoons. The Mexican War of Independence had already broken out when Arista joined the military and he initially fought as a Royalist, distinguishing himself so well that in 1818 he was made an officer for the Mexican Dragoons. He was promoted to ensign in September 1820 and to lieutenant in May 1821. That same year he decided to join Agustin de Iturbide's Plan of Iguala and on 11 June 1821 presented himself before the Army of the Three Guarantees, with a bugle, five officers and twenty dragoons of the Mexico Regiment, and fifty troops which he gathered from miscellaneous corps. He was assigned with all of them to the Libertad Regiment.
He was present at the siege of Puebla by the insurgents in July, 1821. He fulfilled his orders of advancing with several dragoons up to the sentry-box of Cholula which had been repulsing all attempted attacks, and entered with his small forces close to the fortified point of San Javier. Under the command of Brigadier Pedro Zarazoa, he joined in various expeditions and offered his services during the final siege of Mexico City, forming a part of the first division. Due to his excellent service, ten days after the capture of the capital, he was granted the rank of captain, and in December, 1821 was further promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel.
He belonged to the regiment of grenadiers that joined the command of General Echevarri and proclaimed against the First Mexican Empire in February, 1823, and was so passionate about the cause that he halted soldiers who wished to join the Emperor, and Arista followed the liberating army until it captured the capital.
First Mexican Republic
During the transitional government of the Supreme Executive Power, he fought against an insurgency that had risen up against the government. He was present in June, 1824 at a battle near the Hacienda of Coamancingo not far from Apam, and having reached a partisan of Vicente Gomez, he executed him after having come into conflict with various guerilla leaders. For this service, the Executive Power raised him to the rank of effective captain.
Five years later he had risen to the rank of effective lieutenant colonel. He took part in the rebellions against the election of Manuel Gomez Pedraza pronouncing at Perote with Santa Anna, and when General Anastasio Bustamante rose up in Jalapa against President Vicente Guerrero, Arista marched towards Puebla and sent four hundred cavalry to help those who had decided to join in the uprising. He took the city in spite of four thousand members of the militia who had opposed the Plan of Jalapa. He gained the favor of President Bustamante and was promoted to effective colonel on 12 February 1831 and in August of that same year, Brigadier General, in spite of being opposed to the government's annulment of the law which had expelled all Spaniards from the country. He fought uprisings against the government of Bustamante, in April 1832, under the command of General Inclan, defeating the forces which had risen up in Lerma as part of the Plan of Veracruz. After failing to dislodge Colonel Gonzales from his strongly fortified point at Santa Maria del Monte, he parleyed eventually bringing him back to supporting the government, thus pacifying all of the Valley of Toluca.
As President Bustamante personally began to lead his troops against the rebels, he was joined by Arista on the way to Querétaro. Here Arista parted ways with the president turning back at Morelia, and rejoining the main body of the military, he fought at the Jornada del Gallinero, and after victory there advanced within two leagues of Zacatecas before returning to aid the capital. He fought at Casas Blancas, but at this point the rebels won, and Arista was commissioned to arrange a ceasefire and sign the Convention of Zavaleta, transferring power over to Manuel Gomez Pedraza who had returned from an exile in order to assume the final months of the term he had first won in 1828, which was now being recognized.
When Valentin Gomez Farias and Santa Anna won the vice presidency and presidency respectively on a Liberal ticket, Gomez Pedraza continued to serve in the military, being charged with the security of transportation to Veracruz, and then being given the general commandancy of Mexico State. In June 1833 he was named second in command of the operations brigade commanded by Santa Anna, and was ordered to go out and fight the rebels who were aiming to proclaim Santa Anna dictator, and hoped to depose Gomez Farias for his anti clerical measures and his measures against military privileges. Arista however joined the rebels. Arista now sent agents to the capital to work against Gomez Farias. Being now a target of government reprisal, Arista fled to Guanajuato, where he surrendered under the promise of preserving his life and he was banished. He departed from Veracruz in November and left for the United States, and he returned once the triumphant Plan of Cuernavaca overthrew Gomez Farias in 1834.
Centralist Republic of Mexico
The First Mexican Republic was now in the process of being transformed into the Centralist Republic of Mexico. Arista arrived at Veracruz at the beginning of June 1835 although he initially found himself arrested, he was permitted later to continue on to the capital. He was stopped at Jalapa and returned to Veracruz on suspicions on having joined a mutiny at San Juan de Ulua, but was absolved. The new government named him to the Supreme Military Court, and later formed a part of the Junta for the Military and Civil Code, and was named inspector of militias.
He was attending to his various military posts when the Pastry War broke out in 1838 and the government of Anastasio Bustamante placed Arista in charge of a brigade tasked with defending Veracruz and subject to the orders of Manuel Rincon, which ordered Arista's brigade to stay at the Paso de Ovejas where Arista learned of the French capture of San Juan de Ulua and received orders from Santa Anna to advance upon Veracruz. He entered the port on 4 December, at nine in the evening and met with Santa Anna whom he had not seen since 1833. The following morning the house they were staying at was attacked by the French. Arista fought back but was taken prisoner. He remained a prisoner of war aboard a French ship until 28 January 1839.
After the Pastry War ended, he played a role in subduing the various insurgencies that were flaring up all over the country with the aim of reestablishing the federal system. He was named to head the brigade that left from San Luis to attack the dissidents that had fortified themselves at Tampico. He left the capital with rapidity organized the brigade and under the immediate orders of commander in chief Bustamante passed to Tamaulipas where the federalist forces were ensconced under the command of Jose Urrea. Arista pursued him as far as Ciudad Victoria and near Tampico, obtained a surrender of Urrea's forces.
Arista was named commandant general of Tamaulipas, and afterwards commander in chief of the armies of the north at the end of 1839. He marched to Monterey, reorganized his military district, and fought against insurgents, dislodging them from Monterey and pursuing them as far as Coahuila after the Battle of Santa Rita Morelos, in which he completely routed the rebels. He returned to Tampico where he helped prevent a riot, and later passed to Matamoros. With the country now pacified of insurgents, he focused on reorganizing the army meant to contribute to the defense of the national integrity against the forces of the Texas rebels. During the following five years he occupied himself with expeditions against hostile indigenous tribes and against Texas. During this time exchanged the office of Commander in Chief of the North with various other officers including Isidro Reyes and Adrian Woll.
Mexican American War
But Arista once again held the post when the United States annexed Texas. As tensions between the United States and Mexico were leading to war, Arista made considerable effort to secure the frontier, and increased the division under his command to six thousand men. He then obeyed an order from President Mariano Paredes to step down from his command, retiring to an hacienda which Arista owned close to Monterey. It was there though that he received another order to return to his post in April, 1846 as news arrived that American forces under the command of Zachary Taylor were heading to Matamoros.
After the Battle of Resaca de la Palma, Mexico's government recalled Arista, and he was removed from command. He requested a court-martial and was absolved of guilt for the defeats at Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma. Arista spent the rest of the war as a functionary, seeing little combat.
Presidency
Campaigning for the presidential elections of 1851 began in the latter half of 1850. War Minister Arista, known for playing a guiding role in the Herrera Administration, found himself a front runner alongside men such as ex presidents Manuel Gomez Pedraza, Valentin Gomez Farias, Nicholas Bravo, and Santa Anna.
The opposition attacked Arista for having interfered in the election procedure for the Mexico City ayuntamiento, but ultimately the presidential election, decided by the states went in favor of Arista. He obtained thirteen out of nineteen total possible votes. The next closest candidate was ex-Minister of War Juan Almonte, who only received three votes.
Arista took office on January 15, 1851, and attracted ridicule by at once passing minor regulations for visitors to the National Palace. He decided to adopt many of Herrera's policies, which he had already played a significant hand in enacting, but made some changes in the cabinet: Mariano Yañez was made Minister of Relations. Jose Maria Aguirre was made Minister of Justice. General Manuel Robles Pezuela was made Minister of War. Herrera's Minister of Finance Payno kept his post.
Financial issues
Mexico's chronic financial issues remained an imposing issue for the Arista administration. Government income stood at 8 million pesos while expenditure stood at 26 million. A goal was set to reduce the expenditure to 10 million pesos. In order to ameliorate the national finances Arista dramatically cut the salaries of public employees, up to seventy five percent in some cases but the cuts were applies unevenly many unnecessary expenditures remained. Finance Minister Manuel Payno resigned over differences on reducing the deficit.
Four of Payno's successors also resigned in the span of about a month until Finance minister Manuel Piña y Cuevas was assigned the post in May, 1851. He proposed a light series of taxes to meet the deficit, but it was met with a barrage of opposition by the states, and congress refrained from pressing the matter. In August, he summoned a council of governors to suggest better remedies. The governors’ response was to attack the administration over its alleged lack of management and presented a new calculation of the national finances which showed no deficit at all. This was based upon a decree of November 1849 which had limited expenditures to half a million pesos a month. The governors offered to increase the state contributions from seven hundred thousand pesos to one million which did not significantly contribute to controlling the deficit.
The government required extra power from a hostile congress to act upon the new estimate which, in order to be valid required further budget cuts. The ministry resigned and a new cabinet was formed under Fernando Ramirez as Minister of Relations, Urbano Fonseca as Minister of Justice, Marcos Esparza as Minister of Finance, and General Manuel Robles Pezuela remaining as Minister of War. The government gained some slight concessions from congress, but the legislature was largely idle, and received condemnation from the press. Certain journals floated the idea that the government should dissolve congress only to face arrest.
There was friction between the federal government and that of the states on financial matters. While states were struggling from a lack of funds, congress took care to issue a decree imposing an eight percent tax on duties for the payment o fits members and of treasury officials. The states were also growing loose in their observance of the federal bond and its obligations while neglecting to pay their contingents.
Minister Ramirez reached an arrangement on payments with foreign and domestic creditors who were complaining of smuggling and tariff infringement. The interior creditors had formed an association which claimed the right to be consulted in all custom house appointments. It was known as the junta de credito publico, having the right to appoint an agent to watch proceedings at custom houses. By a decree of May 19, 1852, an effort was made to carry out the provisions of November 1850 for the consolidation and settlement of the interior debt, but the funds assigned by the government proved insufficient to cover more than two thirds of the interest.
Meanwhile, the government's budget cuts had resulted in a surge of crime due to a reduction in patrol services and the corruption of underpaid employees. The northeastern frontier was rife with smuggling due to the high duties the government had imposed. There was restlessness towards the policies of the federal government which had burdened the regions with troops perceived as useless who did nothing to protect the region.
Assorted revolts
Revolts against the government, so common during this era in Mexico, had broken out almost immediately after Arista's election, although the government succeeded in suppressing insurrections that has broken out through 1851 in San Luis Potosí, Vera Cruz, Tlaxcala and certain parts of Jalisco
In the northeastern provinces under the pretext of protesting the high tariff rates, José María Jesús Carbajal enlisted 500 mercenaries in Texas and crossed the border into Mexico on September 18 where he was joined by 200 more troops. They took Camargo and marched on Matamoros whereupon Avalos the local prefect agreed to a reduction on duties and a removal on prohibitions, which only resulted in Mexico being flooded by American goods against which Mexican manufacturing could not compete. The government sent reinforcements against Carbajal, who in spite of the concessions continued to siege Matamoros. The local garrison held their own against him, and news of the government reinforcements finally caused Carbajal to flee on October 30 and seek refuge across the border. In February 1852, Carbajal made another incursion, but anticipated by the government this time was repulsed by which time the government had also restored the old tariffs.
Ongoing revolts and rumors of revolutions caused the government to become more cautious and issue a number of arrests, and finally even the press was forbidden to criticize the government, the restriction being issued on September 21, 1852, a decree which was later declared unconstitutional on October 13 by the Supreme Court.
By the middle of 1852 Juan Clímaco Rebolledo had risen in Vera Cruz over financial policy, and his views were considered moderate enough that the Arista government instructed the state authorities to negotiate with him only to be rebuffed. At Mazatlan there was an uprising over dividing the state, and in Michoacan there was an uprising over anti-clerical and other measures passed by governor Melchor Ocampo.
Plan of Jalisco
In Jalisco, Governor Jesús López Portillo had made himself unpopular by introducing an intrusive policy system and giving off the impression that he was merely a tool of the federalist government. He created a scandal when he arrested a hatmaker named Jose Maria Blancarte who was arrested for assaulting a police officer and expelled from the state militia, despite having been elected to the rank of colonel. On July 26, in response to this but also taking advantage of widespread discontent, Blancarte took possession of the gubernatorial palace at the head of a self-constituted council. The council proclaimed Gregoria Davila as the new governor and called upon him to summon a legislature, to revise the state constitution and introduce reforms with Blancarte retaining the chief military command. Portillo retreated with a few loyal troops to Lagos, where he called upon the federal government for aid, but they only sent unarmed negotiators, and meanwhile the Blancarte movement increased in strength.
At this point supporters of Santa Anna, known as the Santanistas reached out to Blancarte and successfully convinced the latter to increase the scope of his revolt. On September 13, Blancarte proclaimed that Arista ought to be overthrown and that Santa Anna ought to be recalled to take a role in reorganizing the government. Davila, who up until now had been the political head of the movement stepped down rather than participate in a coup, and Santanistas replaced him with one of their own : General Yanez. A week later a modified form of the plan was placed under the head of Jose L. Uraga one of the military's generals, who was called upon to replace congress with an assembly made up of two representatives from each state tasked with electing a president, revising the constitution on a federal basis, reforming the financial and electoral systems, reorganizing the army, and reforming frontier defenses against Indian raids. Upon hearing that Uraga had been chosen as leader, the government sought to transfer him away from Guadalajara, but Uraga resigned and agreed to join the revolutionists.
In late 1852, another wave of cabinet resignations led to the assumption of Mariano Yanez as minister of relations. J.M. Aguirre as minister of justice, Guillermo Prieto as Minister of Treasury, and ex-president Pedro Maria Anaya as Minister of War. As the Blancarte Revolt grew in strength, an extra session of congress was now called to consider a fresh appeal for aid, in the shape of a loan of three million pesos, additional taxes and special powers for the executive. A small advanced was secured to sustain an army against the insurrection, and congress was uneasy as only half of the governors now signaled even partial loyalty to the federal government. On December 16, 1852, Minister Prieto made a passionate appeal before the lower house.
The federal government had now lost the adherence of most of the nation. In the northeast Carbajal was once more undertaking yet another invasion and in Sonora the French adventurer Count Raousset de Boulbon was launching his own invasion. In December, the states of Tampico and Vera Cruz containing strategic ports, pronounced for the Plan of Jalisco.
After government forces were repulsed at Guadalajara on December 15, Arista addressed the chambers once they met for the new year and resigned on January 5 That midnight, Juan Bautista Ceballos was called to the National Palace and let known that the executive now passed on to him. Former President Arista left the Palace at half past thirty in the morning, leaving his official resignation with the Minister of Relations Arroyo to be handed over to congress. He carriage was escorted by fifty dragoons belonging to the fifth brigade, and he headed towards the Hacienda of Nanacampilpa, one of his properties. He remarked that “This office [of the presidency] and its responsibilities are but a grave burden and a useless title, if they are not accompanies by the power and respect due to them.”
Later life
When Santa Anna came back to power, Arista was expelled from the country. In poor health, he visited many cities in Europe before finally settling in Seville where his condition only became worse. He wished to return to Mexico, and finally got on board a ship to Lisbon, but as his health deteriorated he sought to go to Paris for medical help. He died on board the steamer Tagus on August 7, 1855, at half past ten in the evening.
He was buried in the cemetery of San Juan in Lisbon, and his burial was accompanied by members of the Lisbon diplomatic corp including those of England, the United States, and Mexico. When the liberal President Ignacio Comonfort came to power, gave honors to Arista, and decreed that his ashes be brought to Mexico to be buried with other presidents.
See also
List of heads of state of Mexico
Battles of the Mexican–American War
History of Mexico
References
1802 births
1855 deaths
Presidents of Mexico
Mexican generals
Mexican military personnel of the Mexican–American War
People of Mexican side in the Texas Revolution
People who were court-martialed
People from San Luis Potosí City
1851 in Mexico
1852 in Mexico
1853 in Mexico
People who died at sea
19th-century Mexican military personnel
19th-century Mexican politicians
Military personnel from San Luis Potosí
Politicians from San Luis Potosí |
```php
<?php
/*
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* WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
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namespace Google\Service\PeopleService;
class ImClient extends \Google\Model
{
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class_alias(ImClient::class, 'Google_Service_PeopleService_ImClient');
``` |
Darrell Lance Abbott (August 20, 1966 – December 8, 2004), best known by his stage name Dimebag Darrell, was an American musician. He was the guitarist of the heavy metal bands Pantera and Damageplan, both of which he co-founded alongside his brother Vinnie Paul. He is considered by many to be one of the greatest metal guitarists of all time.
A son of country music producer Jerry Abbott, Abbott began playing guitar at age 12, and Pantera released its debut album, Metal Magic (1983), when he was 16. Originally a glam metal musician, Abbott went by the stage name Diamond Darrell at the time. Two further albums in the glam metal style followed in 1984 and 1985, before original vocalist Terry Glaze was replaced by Phil Anselmo in 1986 and Power Metal (1988) was released. The band's major-label debut, Cowboys from Hell (1990), introduced a groove metal sound to which Abbott's guitar playing was central. This sound was refined on Vulgar Display of Power (1992), and the group's third major-label record, Far Beyond Driven, debuted at No. 1 on the Billboard 200 in 1994.
Tensions within Pantera reduced its output after the release of The Great Southern Trendkill in 1996, and Reinventing the Steel (2000) was the band's final studio album before its acrimonious separation in 2003. Abbott subsequently formed Damageplan with his brother Vinnie Paul and released New Found Power, the band's only album, in 2004. Other works by Abbott included a collaboration with David Allan Coe titled Rebel Meets Rebel (2006) and numerous guest guitar solos for bands such as Anthrax. While on tour with Damageplan, Abbott was shot and killed by a deranged fan during a performance at the Alrosa Villa nightclub in Columbus, Ohio on December 8, 2004. Three others were shot and killed before the perpetrator was killed by a police officer.
Abbott was ranked at No. 92 on Rolling Stones list of "The 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time" in 2011, and No. 19 on Louders list of "The 50 Greatest Guitarists of All Time" in 2018. He placed at No. 5 on Gibson's list of "The Top 10 Metal Guitarists of All Time" in 2015, and the same year was ranked as the most influential metal guitarist of the past 25 years by VH1.
Early life
Darrell Lance Abbott was born in Ennis, Texas, on August 20, 1966, the second son to Carolyn and Jerry Abbott, a country music producer. He had an older brother, Vinnie Paul, born 1964. Abbott's parents divorced in 1979, after seventeen years of marriage, but his family life remained happy. The brothers lived with their mother Carolyn, in a ranch-style house on Monterrey Street in Arlington. Carolyn was supportive of her sons' musical endeavors. Their father Jerry remained in the area after the divorce and Darrell would often go on a bicycle to visit him for guitar lessons "pretty darned regular".
Abbott took up the guitar when he was twelve years old. His first guitar was a Les Paul-style Hondo, which he received along with a Pignose amplifier on his twelfth birthday. Influenced by Black Sabbath, Judas Priest, Kiss and Van Halen, he would initially spend time in his room standing in front of a mirror holding the guitar while wearing Ace Frehley-style makeup, though he was unable to play the instrument at the time. Jerry learned Kiss songs on guitar in order to teach Darrell how to play them. Darrell also learned from country musicians who recorded at Jerry's studio, such as Bugs Henderson.
Vinnie had begun playing the drums before Darrell received his first guitar. Darrell had previously tried to play the drums; Vinnie later said: "I just got better than him and wouldn't let him play them anymore." The Abbott brothers' first jam session consisted of six hours of "Smoke on the Water". They took inspiration from Alex and Eddie Van Halen, and Vinnie said in a 2016 interview that he and Darrell were "inseparable" after they began playing music together.
At age 14, Abbott entered a guitar contest at the Agora Ballroom in Dallas, in which Dean Zelinsky, founder of Dean Guitars, was one of the judges. Abbott's mother accompanied him to the club because he was not old enough to enter on his own. He won the competition; Zelinsky recalled that "[Abbott] blew everyone away." Abbott won many other guitar contests in the area, and was eventually asked not to compete and instead judge the competitions so others could win.
Career
Pantera
Early glam metal years
Pantera was formed in 1981. Vinnie was asked to join a band alongside his high school classmates Terry Glaze (guitar), Tommy Bradford (bass) and Donny Hart (vocals). Vinnie accepted the invitation, but on the condition that Darrell would also join the band. Glaze later recalled that they were unsure about this request, as Darrell "wasn't very good" and, two years their junior, "was a little skinny, scrawny dude", but they ultimately agreed. In 1989, Darrell made the same request when Dave Mustaine asked him to join Megadeth. As Mustaine had already recruited drummer Nick Menza and would not hire Vinnie, Darrell decided to stay with Pantera.
By 1982, Hart left the band and was replaced by Glaze on vocals, while Rex Brown took Bradford's place as bassist. Abbott originally shared lead guitar with Glaze, but soon took permanent status as lead guitarist. Glaze said: "[Abbott] just morphed over a six-month period. ... When he came out, he could play, like, 'Eruption' and 'Crazy Train. Abbott adopted the stage name "Diamond Darrell", in reference to the Kiss song "Black Diamond".
Inspired by Kiss, Van Halen and Judas Priest, Pantera originally had a glam metal style and was image-conscious: the members wore spandex, makeup and hairspray when on stage. The band signed to Metal Magic Records, which was created by "Jerry Eld'n", an alias of Abbott's father Jerry. Jerry also served as the band's manager and producer during this time. Pantera released its first album, Metal Magic, in 1983, when Abbott was 16. A review in the November 1983 issue of Texas-based music magazine Buddy said Abbott's solos "tend to be asymmetrical in that the old theory of musical thought consisting of statements alternating with appropriate responses is ignored and replaced by authoritative delivery of the player's own concept of what should happen".
Pantera released Projects in the Jungle and I Am the Night in 1984 and 1985, respectively. Both albums followed on in the glam metal style, and were comparable to Shout at the Devil-era Mötley Crüe, although I Am the Night had a slightly heavier sound than previous releases. Around this time, the Abbott brothers began listening to bands such as Metallica and Slayer. Darrell was particularly taken by Metallica's Ride the Lightning (1984). Glaze was unhappy with the Abbott brothers' desire to move towards a heavier sound; he later said he "didn't want to go that heavy. I didn't like it as well if the guitar was the main thing, like the Metallica songs." This conflict, along with a contractual dispute, led to his departure in 1986.
Glaze was replaced by Phil Anselmo in late 1986. This new lineup briefly signed with Gold Mountain Records, but released Power Metal (1988) on Metal Magic. Abbott said Gold Mountain "wanted to change our style and make us sound like Bon Jovi, which is not quite up our alley". Anselmo did not write any of the lyrics for Power Metal, and the band was still in the process of distancing themselves from glam metal, but the album evidenced a stylistic change. A retrospective AllMusic album review by Bradley Torreano said Abbott's "speedy riffs" were one of the "more charming elements" of the band's sound. Brown said in a 1988 interview that "Darrell has always been chunking those riffs out from the start. But now with Phil in the band we've got a chance to make those riffs fully happen instead of having some gay singer over the top of them!"
Development of groove metal
After the release of Power Metal, Pantera formed a relationship with Walter O'Brien and Andy Gould of Concrete Management. As Concrete managed other bands that were signed to Metal Blade Records, Gould contacted Brian Slagel of Metal Blade and asked him to sign Pantera. The $75,000 () requested for the production of a new album was too much for Slagel, who rejected the offer. The Metal Blade rejection was one of many rejections for the band. Pantera eventually attained a major-label deal with Atco Records, after Atco's talent scout Mark Ross was impressed by one of the band's live performances.
Cowboys from Hell was released on July 24, 1990. The album was produced by Terry Date; Max Norman was the original choice for producer but he opted to produce Lynch Mob's Wicked Sensation instead. Date – who was hired to produce Cowboys from Hell on the strength of his work with Soundgarden, Metal Church and Overkill – also served as producer for Pantera's next three albums. Cowboys from Hell marked the development of what would become Pantera's familiar sound, to which Abbott's guitar playing was central. Self-described as "power groove", the album became a "blueprint-defining" work for groove metal, a sub-genre with the heaviness and intensity of thrash metal but played at a slower tempo. Southern rock elements were incorporated into the sound; Pantera's "groove" is commonly attributed to the Abbott brothers' fondness for ZZ Top. Cowboys from Hell was certified gold in 1993, and platinum in 1997.
Pantera played close to 200 shows supporting Cowboys from Hell, as it toured for nearly two years. Aside from breaks to develop new material, the band spent most of the 1990s touring; Abbott gained a reputation as a wild figure on tour and a heavy drinker. Pantera recorded its second major-label album in the space of two months. Released on February 25, 1992, Vulgar Display of Power was a refinement of the groove metal sound. The band had sought to create a heavier album than Cowboys from Hell, as Anselmo fully embraced a hardcore-inspired shouted vocal delivery. Abbott composed most of the riffs and song structures, and further attempted to mesh his guitar with Brown's bass to create what Brown later described as "one giant tone". Vulgar Display of Power debuted at No. 44 on the Billboard 200, and it stayed on the chart for 79 weeks. In 2017, it was ranked at No. 10 on Rolling Stones list of "The 100 Greatest Metal Albums of All Time", with Abbott's "serrated rhythms and squealing solos" highlighted.
Abbott had transformed his appearance by the time of Vulgar Display of Powers release to that which he would maintain for the rest of his life. He sported a dyed goatee, a razorblade pendant (in homage to Judas Priest's British Steel), cargo shorts and sleeveless shirts. Feeling that "Diamond Darrell" no longer suited his image or sound, Abbott adopted the stage name "Dimebag Darrell" instead. The name was originally coined by Anselmo. It was in reference to Abbott's refusal to accept more than a dime bag (slang for $10 worth) of cannabis at one time—even if offered for free—as he did not want to be caught with the drug on-hand.
All of Pantera's albums until 1994 were recorded at Pantego Sound, the studio owned by the Abbott brothers' father Jerry. It was conveniently located a short distance from the Abbotts' home. After Vulgar Display of Power was released, Jerry closed Pantego Sound and opened a new studio, Abtrax, in Nashville, Tennessee, as he hoped to fulfill his dream of becoming a country songwriter. Pantera's third major-label album, Far Beyond Driven, was recorded at Abtrax. Abbott said in a 1994 Guitar Player interview: "We were fuckin' flying [to Nashville] for three weeks at a time, writing songs and cutting them." This led to the members spending most of their downtime in each other's hotel rooms consuming drugs, rather than following their normal routines as they did when recording at Pantego Sound. They mixed the album at Dallas Sound Labs, which was close to their homes. Far Beyond Driven was released on March 15, 1994, on EastWest Records. It sold 186,000 copies in its first week to debut at No. 1 on the Billboard 200, and has since been described as the heaviest album ever to debut at No. 1.
Before the release, the band was expected to follow the lead of Metallica's eponymous album by taking a more commercially-friendly approach. Instead, Pantera wanted an even heavier work than Vulgar Display of Power. Abbott said in 1994: "We're into topping ourselves. Most bands come out with a heavy record, then it gets lighter and lighter. You're stuck listening to the first record, wishing and dreaming. That ain't what we're about."
Band tensions and separation
The lead single from Far Beyond Driven, "I'm Broken", was inspired by Anselmo's chronic back pain. To treat the pain during the tour supporting Far Beyond Driven, Anselmo began heavily consuming alcohol, painkillers and ultimately heroin. He would travel on his own tour bus and isolate himself from the other band members until twenty or thirty minutes before they were due to perform. Anselmo recalled in a 2014 interview that he would drink "an entire bottle of Wild Turkey every night before a show to numb the pain", and he often interrupted the performances by ranting on stage. Due to the tensions within the band, recordings for Pantera's next album, The Great Southern Trendkill, were held separately: Darrell, Vinnie and Brown recorded at Chasin' Jason Studio (a studio Darrell had constructed in a barn in his backyard) while Anselmo recorded the vocals at Trent Reznor's Nothing Studios in New Orleans. Abbott experimented with new guitars during the recording; he stated in 1996 that he wrote "Suicide Note Pt. 1" the first time he used a twelve-string guitar which Washburn Guitars had sent to him. The recording also saw Abbott draw on riffs he had composed much earlier: he wrote the outro-solo to "Floods" in the pre-Anselmo era, and he had previously recorded a 90-minute loop of it as a lullaby for his girlfriend.
On May 7, 1996, The Great Southern Trendkill was released. It peaked at No. 4 on the Billboard 200, staying on the chart for 13 weeks. It is considered to be Pantera's most extreme work, and features some of the band's lowest-tuned tracks. On July 13, Anselmo overdosed on heroin following the band's performance at the Dallas Starplex Amphitheatre and was clinically dead for "four to five minutes". He recovered quickly and performed at the band's next show in San Antonio two days afterward, but the incident created a lasting rift within the band. Anselmo had released NOLA, the debut album of one of his side projects Down, in 1995, and supported the album with a 13-show tour. The other Pantera members were originally unperturbed by Anselmo's side projects; Abbott explained at the time: "Phil's a musical guy and he likes to stay busy."
The touring for The Great Southern Trendkill widened the rift within the band, and the recording sessions for their next album, Reinventing the Steel, were troublesome. Vinnie said in an interview after the album's release: "It was like pulling teeth to get [Anselmo] down to the studio. He didn't like any of the material, and it was always just like this head-butting contest." Also during the recording, the Abbotts' mother, Carolyn, was diagnosed with lung cancer, and died six weeks later on September 12, 1999. This had a profound effect on the brothers, especially Darrell. Reinventing the Steel was released on March 21, 2000. Abbott said of it: "We still play lead guitar ... Bands hardly ever play lead guitar anymore. Dude, back in the seventies, if you couldn't play the guitar or sing, you were nobody. Now music is so easy—all you've got to do is tune your guitar to an open chord and jump around." Like The Great Southern Trendkill, Reinventing the Steel peaked at No. 4 on the Billboard 200.
Pantera were in Ireland, set to begin a European tour, on September 11, 2001. Due to the September 11 attacks, the tour was canceled and the members returned to Texas, where they agreed to take a short hiatus. In March 2002, Down released its second record, Down II: A Bustle in Your Hedgerow, which featured Brown on bass. Two months later, Superjoint Ritual—another of Anselmo's bands—released its debut album, Use Once and Destroy. The Abbotts believed that Pantera would regroup in 2003, after the tours supporting Down II and Use Once and Destroy were concluded. Instead, Anselmo recorded a second album with Superjoint Ritual, A Lethal Dose of American Hatred (2003). Also around this time, Darrell received a phone call from Brown, who indicated that he would not return to Pantera. The separation of Pantera was marked by the release of a greatest hits album, The Best of Pantera: Far Beyond the Great Southern Cowboys' Vulgar Hits!, on September 23, 2003.
Damageplan
Abbott was dejected by the separation of Pantera; he felt that all he had worked for had been "ripped out from under [him]". As continuing Pantera without Anselmo likely would have resulted in a lengthy and expensive legal battle regarding the ownership of the "Pantera" brand, the Abbott brothers decided to form a new band. They recorded demos at Darrell's backyard studio in February 2003. Patrick Lachman of Halford joined as vocalist and Bob Kakaha was recruited on bass, and the band signed with Elektra Records later in 2003. The name of the band originally was New Found Power, but they later decided on Damageplan. New Found Power instead served as the title of the group's debut album, which was released on February 10, 2004. It did not near the commercial success of Pantera's major-label releases: it sold 44,000 copies in its first week to debut at No. 38 on the Billboard 200 and had sold a modest 160,000 copies by December.
Damageplan spent most of 2004 on its Devastation Across the Nation tour. To rebuild a fanbase, the band toured nightclubs across the country. The members had planned to record a follow-up album. This did not materialize due to Abbott's murder at a show in Columbus, Ohio, on December 8, 2004.
Other projects
The Abbott brothers listened to country singer David Allan Coe while growing up as their parents were fans of the performer, and often used Coe's "Jack Daniels If You Please" as introductory music for Pantera shows. Darrell first met Coe in 1999, at one of his performances at Billy Bob's Texas. After the performance, Darrell waited in an autograph line to introduce himself and give Coe his phone number. They subsequently formed a friendship and Coe began spending time at Darrell's house, where the Abbott brothers and Coe played music in Darrell's backyard studio. They recruited Brown to play bass and the group sporadically recorded from 1999 to 2003. The resulting album, Rebel Meets Rebel, was released on May 2, 2006, on Vinnie's Big Vin Records. Megan Frye of AllMusic stated Rebel Meets Rebel is "groundbreaking in that it will please fans of both country and metal because the music is simultaneously both styles – it's never a fusion, they simply exist together".
In 1992, Abbott and the other Pantera members collaborated with Rob Halford on a track titled "Light Comes Out of Black", which was released on the Buffy the Vampire Slayer soundtrack. Abbott recorded the song "Caged in a Rage", on which he performed lead vocals and guitar, under his own name. It was included on the soundtrack to the 1996 film Supercop. Adam Greenberg of AllMusic said Abbott sounded "oddly similar to Rob Zombie" on "Caged in a Rage".
Abbott provided guest guitar solos for Anthrax on several occasions: "King Size" and "Riding Shotgun" from Stomp 442 (1995), "Inside Out" and "Born Again Idiot" from Volume 8: The Threat Is Real (1998), and "Strap It On" and "Cadillac Rock Box" from We've Come for You All (2003). Anthrax's Scott Ian referred to Abbott as the "sixth member" of the band due to his frequent appearances. Abbott also performed a guest solo on the title track of King Diamond's Voodoo (1998) and on "Eyes of the South" (2004) by Premenishen, a band that featured Abbott's cousins Heather Manly and April Adkisson on bass and guitar, respectively. After Darrell's death, Vinnie granted Nickelback permission to use outtakes of Darrell's solos from the Vulgar Display of Power and Far Beyond Driven recordings on its tribute track "Side of a Bullet". Darrell was a friend of Nickelback's Chad Kroeger and had provided a solo for Nickelback's cover of "Saturday Night's Alright for Fighting" on the soundtrack to the 2003 film Charlie's Angels: Full Throttle.
Darrell and Vinnie performed shows as Gasoline each New Year's Eve. Gasoline predominantly played covers of artists such as Ted Nugent and Pat Travers, but also composed original songs such as "Get Drunk Now" and "This Ain't a Beer Belly, It's a Gas Tank for My Love Machine". Gasoline once served as a support act for Drowning Pool. In 2006, "Country Western Transvestite Whore", a song that Abbott recorded with local Dallas musician Throbbin' Donnie Rodd, was released. It features Abbott on lead guitar and vocals. Other works by Abbott that have been posthumously released include "Dime's Blackout Society" (2010) and The Hitz (2017), a five-track EP.
Death
On December 8, 2004, Damageplan was performing at the Alrosa Villa nightclub in Columbus, Ohio. Nathan Gale, a deranged fan, rushed onto the stage as the band played the first song of its setlist and shot Abbott multiple times with a Beretta 92FS, a 9mm semi-automatic pistol. The band's head of security, Jeffrey "Mayhem" Thompson, then tackled Gale, but was fatally shot in the ensuing struggle. A fan, Nathan Bray, was also killed as he attempted to aid Abbott and Thompson, as was Erin Halk, an employee of the venue who tried to disarm Gale while he was reloading. Three others were wounded before Columbus police officer James Niggemeyer entered the club and shot Gale once in the head with a 12-gauge Remington Model 870, killing him.
Abbott was pronounced dead at the scene, aged 38. Thousands of fans attended his public memorial, and the guest list included artists such as Eddie Van Halen, Zakk Wylde, Corey Taylor, Jerry Cantrell and Dino Cazares. Abbott was buried alongside his mother Carolyn at the Moore Memorial Gardens cemetery in Arlington, Texas. Gene Simmons donated a Kiss Kasket for the burial, and Eddie Van Halen donated his original black-and-yellow-striped 1979 Charvel "Bumblebee" guitar, which was featured on the back cover of Van Halen II, to be included in the casket. A few weeks prior to his death, Abbott had met Van Halen and asked him for a replica of the Bumblebee. Van Halen said at the funeral: "Dime was an original and only an original deserves the original."
After Vinnie Paul's death in 2018, he was buried next to Carolyn and Darrell, also in a Kiss Kasket. In late 2020, a protective fence was installed around the Abbott burial ground in an effort to stop vandalism, as Darrell's grave had previously been scratched and defaced by people over the years. In a 2010 interview, Vinnie called the vandalism "a real disrespectful thing". The Alrosa Villa was later demolished in 2021.
Musical style
Originally a glam metal musician, Abbott distanced himself from the subgenre by the late 1980s, and was a driving force behind the development of groove metal in the 1990s.
Influences
Although his father was a country music producer and songwriter, Abbott's primary musical influences were heavy metal acts such as Black Sabbath, Iron Maiden, Judas Priest, Kiss and Van Halen. Ace Frehley of Kiss inspired him to play guitar. He was a member of the Kiss Army and had a portrait of Frehley tattooed on his chest in 1992. While at a photoshoot for the August 1993 issue of Guitar World along with Frehley, Abbott asked Frehley to sign an autograph near the tattoo. Abbott then had the signature tattooed.
No musician other than Frehley exerted more of an influence on Abbott than Eddie Van Halen. Abbott stated that his background mirrored Van Halen's as both he and Van Halen were younger brothers who first played drums before moving on to the guitar due to competition from their elder brothers on drums. Another influence was Randy Rhoads. Abbott said in 1994: "To me, Eddie Van Halen was heavy rock and roll, but Randy was heavy metal." He discovered double tracking leads through Rhoads. In numerous interviews, Abbott credited Tony Iommi of Black Sabbath for inspiring his guitar riffs. Abbott also said Def Leppard's original guitarist Pete Willis "was a great player. I was inspired by him because I was a small young dude and he was a small young dude, too—and he was out there kickin' ass. He made me want to get out there and play."
Abbott was a fan of the Southern rock band ZZ Top, and he was influenced by the band's guitarist and lead singer Billy Gibbons. He said in 1993: "I'm not a super blues player, but I was exposed to the Texas blues sound while I was growing up, and that definitely rubbed off on me." Abbott was also influenced by contemporary metal guitarists such as Kerry King of Slayer, James Hetfield of Metallica, and Zakk Wylde of Ozzy Osbourne and Black Label Society.
Technique
Abbott did not receive formal guitar lessons. He stated in a 1994 Guitar World interview that he once received "a guitar lesson off this cat. He wrote down some weird scale and tried to explain how it worked. After we finished he said, 'Now go on home, practice that scale, and show me how well you can play it next week.' So I took it home, played around with it for a few minutes and said, 'Fuck this, I just want to jam.' I respect people that can read tablature and all that shit, but I just don't even have the patience to read the newspaper."
Unlike many other heavy metal guitarists, Abbott made extensive use of the major third in his riffs and leads, which added dissonance to minor key tonalities. This was a Van Halen-inspired technique, as was his employment of symmetrical fingerings. Although Abbott had exceptional picking ability, he favored legato phrasing. His love of legato gave his playing a fluid quality, and his powerful left-hand technique enabled the implementation of the symmetrical patterns in his lead licks. Abbott avoided using scales and modes in traditional fashions, and often used passing tones between scalar tones to add tension. These chromatic licks made up much of his playing. Regardless of the note or chord, Abbott played with a "Texas style", meaning a variety of techniques such as sliding, bending, palm muting, and use of the whammy bar and effects pedal to produce an idiosyncratic
sound.
One of the most distinctive features of Abbott's guitar playing was his use of harmonics to create a squealing sound, which he picked up from Gibbons. Unsatisfied with standard techniques, Abbott often used dyads in place of traditional power chords. This added texture to his riffs and, when played with distortion, created a tense sound. Abbott experimented with alternate tunings throughout his career. Early on, his guitar was tuned down more than a quarter step, similar to Van Halen I and Van Halen II tuning. On Cowboys From Hell (1990), he utilized drop D tuning, and beginning with Vulgar Display of Power (1992) he tuned his guitar down a whole step, which became his main tuning by the release of Reinventing the Steel (2000). He also used drop D down one step, down 1 ½ steps and drop D down 1 ½ steps tunings. Down 1 ½ steps tuning was prevalent on The Great Southern Trendkill (1996) and was Abbott's main tuning on New Found Power (2004).
Three of Abbott's solos were ranked in Guitar Worlds "100 Greatest Guitar Solos of All Time": "Walk" at No. 57; "Cemetery Gates" at No. 35; and "Floods" at No. 19. Despite his virtuosity, Abbott said that while "jerking off all over the neck", as he described, was suited to competing in guitar contests, it often did not benefit a song's composition. "Slaughtered" from Far Beyond Driven originally had a slow, melodic solo, but Abbott removed it after noting that it disrupted the song's momentum.
Equipment
In 1982, Abbott won a maroon Dean ML at a guitar contest in Dallas. Unbeknownst to Abbott, his father had bought him a sunburst ML shortly before the contest. Nearing driving age and seeking to purchase a Pontiac Firebird, Abbott attempted to sell the maroon ML to his friend Buddy Blaze, a luthier and musician. Blaze felt that a guitar won as a prize should stay with its owner and refused to buy it. Abbott instead sold the guitar to one of Blaze's bandmates. Blaze negotiated with his bandmate, and took possession of the ML in exchange for a Kramer Pacer. Blaze then replaced the standard ML hardware: he installed a custom Floyd Rose vibrato bridge and Bill Lawrence L-500XL pickups, and moved the stock DiMarzio pickup to the neck.
He also repainted the guitar, from its original maroon to blue-and-black with a lightning bolt finish. Blaze returned the ML to Abbott in 1987, who was initially unaware that it was the same guitar he won as a prize. It subsequently became Abbott's signature guitar and was later dubbed the "Dean from Hell".
After the release of Cowboys from Hell, Abbott signed an endorsement deal with Dean Guitars. Dean went out of business in 1994 and Abbott then signed a ten-year contract with Washburn Guitars. With Washburn, he played various signature guitars modeled after the ML, such as the Dime 333, Culprit and Stealth. When his contract with Washburn expired in 2004, he became the main endorsee of the re-opened Dean. Abbott's murder came shortly before the Dean contract was set to begin. Abbott had designed the Dean Razorback and Razorback V in the months prior to his death. Dean also posthumously released replicas of the Dean from Hell.
Abbott was praised for his instrumental tone and was included in Guitar Players list of "The 50 Greatest Tones of All Time". Abbott used solid-state Randall amplifiers for most of his career; he remarked in the liner notes for Cowboys from Hell: "Gotta have that Randall Crunch!" He had won his first Randall amplifier in a guitar contest; he said in a 1993 interview it "was a little nasty sounding, a little gritty, but I liked it. I knew that with time I could make it my own sound, and it came around." Abbott released a signature amplifier, the Randall Warhead, in 1999. The goal was to replicate the sound of his own rig: a Randall RG-100 head, Furman PQ-3 parametric equalizer, MXR six-band graphic equalizer and MXR 126 flanger. He set his Furman EQ to boost the highs and lows while scooping the mids, and he used both the Furman EQ and MXR EQ to increase the gain to the Randall's front end. Abbott also used a Digitech whammy pedal, a Korg DT-7 chromatic tuner and a Rocktron Hush IIC noise gate. The noise gate allowed him to control the feedback associated with high levels of gain, and to create the distinctive holes of silence in his playing.
When Abbott's endorsement deal with Washburn ended, his deal with Randall also ended, as Randall and Washburn both were subsidiaries of the U.S. Music Corporation. Abbott subsequently formed a partnership with Krank Amplifiers, a relatively small supplier. He used the Krank Revolution, a tube amplifier. Abbott also invested in the company and designed an amplifier named the Krankenstein; he approved the final revision of the Krankenstein just days before his murder. Abbott helped design many other products. With Dunlop Manufacturing, he designed the Dimebag Cry Baby from Hell, a wah-wah pedal, and the Dime Distortion, a distortion pedal. He also designed a signature pickup with Seymour Duncan titled the Dimebucker, which was based on the Bill Lawrence pickups that he used in most of his guitars. Dean Zelinsky of Dean said in 2010 that Abbott's death was a "bigger loss than we'll ever know. ... I'm very proud of the work I did with him, but who knows what he would have accomplished if he was still with us."
Personal life
Abbott grew up in the same neighborhood as his long-time partner Rita Haney, whom he first met at the age of eight. They began dating in 1984. The couple never married. Haney said in a 2006 interview: "We didn't believe in the marriage thing. ... Why have someone you don't know tell you it's OK to be with someone you do know? We didn't need the middleman! We had a one-on-one with the man upstairs ourselves."
In 1995, Abbott bought a house with Haney in Dalworthington Gardens, Texas, a short distance from his hometown Arlington. Abbott kept a pet goat on the residence, and dyed its goatee like his own. He was remembered by his neighbors as approachable. One neighbor who often walked dogs with Abbott said he "was a hick with an attitude, and I say that respectfully. We'd talk conservative politics. He was a big, big supporter of George Bush."
Darrell and Vinnie opened the Clubhouse, an all-nude strip club in north-west Dallas, in 1996. Vinnie's original idea was a rock-and-roll-themed golf course, with "a strip club at the nineteenth hole", but the construction of a golf course was prohibitively expensive. Under the Abbott brothers' ownership, the Clubhouse was patronized by many artists who toured in the area, such as Black Sabbath, Kiss and Metallica, as well as NASCAR drivers, professional golfers, and members of the Dallas Cowboys and the Dallas Stars (whose fight song, "Puck Off", was written and produced by Pantera). After the Dallas Stars won the 1999 Stanley Cup Finals, the Abbott brothers hosted a party for the team at Vinnie's house. Vinnie later stated that the Stanley Cup was dented during the party after Guy Carbonneau threw it out of a window into a swimming pool, but missed the pool and hit the edge. The brothers also performed on a float during the celebration of the Stars' victory.
Legacy
On May 17, 2007, Abbott was posthumously inducted into Hollywood's RockWalk. Ace Frehley was among the attendees at the induction ceremony, where he spoke in honor of Abbott. Frehley also dedicated his 2009 album Anomaly to Abbott, as well as former Kiss drummer Eric Carr.
In 2015, Abbott was ranked as the most influential metal guitarist of the past 25 years by VH1. Doc Coyle of God Forbid stated: "[Abbott's] sparse, low-end, bluesy chug was the blueprint for post-thrash, nu-metal, and metalcore in the subsequent years." Also in 2015, Abbott placed at No. 5 on Gibson's list of "The Top 10 Metal Guitarists of All Time". Anne Erickson said Abbott "proved metal guitar could shred wildly, but still groove. ... He'll always be remembered as one of the most significant engineers of modern metal."
Rolling Stone ranked Abbott at No. 92 on its list of "The 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time" in 2011, and described him as "one of modern metal's key figures". Geezer Butler of Black Sabbath said Abbott was "one of the greatest musicians to grace our world". In 2018, Abbott ranked at No. 19 on Louders list of "The 50 Greatest Guitarists of All Time". Sebastian Bach of Skid Row commented that Abbott "reinvented heavy metal guitar". Jamie Humphries of Premier Guitar remarked in 2014: "If there were ever a band and guitarist to credit for reinventing post-Metallica metal, it would have to be Pantera and the late Dimebag Darrell."
Abbott also ranked at No. 9 in a 2012 Guitar World readers' poll of "The 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time", and was named the "Greatest Metal Guitarist" by Loudwire in 2013 after winning a reader-voted tournament bracket. Jonathan Davis of Korn said in a 2014 interview with Loudwire that Abbott is "one of the greatest guitar players ever. I mean if there was no Dimebag Darrell, there would be no Korn." Slash stated that Abbott "had a great tone and a great original style ... He was one of the best new guitar players that came out over a long period of time." Max Cavalera described Abbott as "very talented, an amazing musician and a humble and cool guy – not a rock star asshole".
A concert in memory of Abbott titled Dimebash has been held annually since 2010. All of the concert's proceeds go towards the Ronnie James Dio Stand Up and Shout Cancer Fund. Performers at Dimebash events have included artists such as Dave Grohl, Kerry King, Robb Flynn, Tom Morello, and Serj Tankian.
Discography
Pantera
Metal Magic (1983)
Projects in the Jungle (1984)
I Am the Night (1985)
Power Metal (1988)
Cowboys from Hell (1990)
Vulgar Display of Power (1992)
Far Beyond Driven (1994)
The Great Southern Trendkill (1996)
Reinventing the Steel (2000)
Damageplan
New Found Power (2004)
Rebel Meets Rebel
Rebel Meets Rebel (2006) (recorded in 2000)
References
Sources
External links
1966 births
2004 deaths
20th-century American guitarists
21st-century American guitarists
American heavy metal guitarists
American male guitarists
American murder victims
Burials in Texas
Damageplan members
Deaths by firearm in Ohio
Filmed deaths of entertainers
Guitarists from Texas
Lead guitarists
Musicians who died on stage
Pantera members
People from Arlington, Texas
People from Ennis, Texas
People murdered in Ohio
20th-century American male musicians
2004 murders in the United States
Thrash metal musicians
Murdered musicians |
Change of Address is the thirteenth rock album by British instrumental (and sometimes vocal) group The Shadows, released in 1980 through Polydor Records.
Track listing
Personnel
Lead Guitar - Hank Marvin
Rhythm Guitar - Bruce Welch
Drums & Percussion - Brian Bennett
With
Bass guitar - Alan Jones
Piano, Electric Piano - Cliff Hall
Synthesizer - Dave Lawson
Engineered by Peter Vince
Recorded at Abbey Road Studios, London and Radlett
Charts
References
1980 albums
The Shadows albums
Polydor Records albums |
```javascript
import PostPreview from "./post-preview";
export default function MoreStories({ posts }) {
return (
<section>
<h2 className="mb-8 text-6xl md:text-7xl font-bold tracking-tighter leading-tight">
More Stories
</h2>
<div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 md:gap-x-16 lg:gap-x-32 gap-y-20 md:gap-y-32 mb-32">
{posts.map((post) => (
<PostPreview
key={post.slug}
title={post.title}
coverImage={post.feature_image}
date={post.published_at}
author={post.primary_author}
slug={post.slug}
excerpt={post.excerpt}
/>
))}
</div>
</section>
);
}
``` |
Cave Lake State Park is a public recreation area occupying more than in the Schell Creek Range, adjacent to Humboldt National Forest, in White Pine County, Nevada. The state park is located at an elevation of southeast of Ely and is accessed via U.S. Route 50 and Success Summit Road. It features a reservoir for fishing and flat-wake boating.
History
The Cave Creek Dam which created Cave Lake was constructed in 1932. The facility was purchased by the Nevada Department of Wildlife in 1971 for $10. Two years later it was transferred to Nevada State Parks. The park saw an increase in size of with the completion of a land transfer from the U.S. Forest Service in 2015.
Activities and amenities
The park is popular for brown and rainbow trout fishing, ice fishing, crawdadding, camping, and picnicking. Hiking is offered on four developed trails, three to five miles in length. For overnight stays, the park offers a yurt and two designated campgrounds, Elk Flat and Lake View, with modern facilities. Winter activities include ice fishing, ice skating, cross-country skiing, and snowmobiling.
Ely's annual Fire and Ice Festival is held in January at the park, sufficient ice and snow permitting. The event, which began in 2005, features an ice and snow sculpture contest, and concludes with a fireworks show. Bathtub races have also been held at the lake each year since 2010. Both events have been named by the American Bus Association among the top 100 events in North America.
References
External links
Cave Lake State Park Nevada State Parks
Cave Lake State Park Trail Map Nevada State Parks
State parks of Nevada
Protected areas of the Great Basin
Protected areas of White Pine County, Nevada
Protected areas established in 1973
1973 establishments in Nevada
Reservoirs in Nevada
Great Basin National Heritage Area |
```python
QUEUED = 10
RUNNING = 20
FAILED = 30
COMPLETED = 40
CANCELED = 50
``` |
Mian Deh is a village in Badakhshan Province in north-eastern Afghanistan.
See also
Badakhshan Province
References
Populated places in Kuran wa Munjan District |
```c++
// Use, modification and distribution are subject to the
// LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at path_to_url
//
// This file is machine generated, do not edit by hand
// Unrolled polynomial evaluation using second order Horners rule
#ifndef BOOST_MATH_TOOLS_POLY_EVAL_19_HPP
#define BOOST_MATH_TOOLS_POLY_EVAL_19_HPP
namespace boost{ namespace math{ namespace tools{ namespace detail{
template <class T, class V>
inline V evaluate_polynomial_c_imp(const T* a, const V&, const mpl::int_<0>*)
{
return static_cast<V>(0);
}
template <class T, class V>
inline V evaluate_polynomial_c_imp(const T* a, const V&, const mpl::int_<1>*)
{
return static_cast<V>(a[0]);
}
template <class T, class V>
inline V evaluate_polynomial_c_imp(const T* a, const V& x, const mpl::int_<2>*)
{
return static_cast<V>(a[1] * x + a[0]);
}
template <class T, class V>
inline V evaluate_polynomial_c_imp(const T* a, const V& x, const mpl::int_<3>*)
{
return static_cast<V>((a[2] * x + a[1]) * x + a[0]);
}
template <class T, class V>
inline V evaluate_polynomial_c_imp(const T* a, const V& x, const mpl::int_<4>*)
{
return static_cast<V>(((a[3] * x + a[2]) * x + a[1]) * x + a[0]);
}
template <class T, class V>
inline V evaluate_polynomial_c_imp(const T* a, const V& x, const mpl::int_<5>*)
{
V x2 = x * x;
V t[2];
t[0] = static_cast<V>(a[4] * x2 + a[2]);
t[1] = static_cast<V>(a[3] * x2 + a[1]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[0]);
t[1] *= x;
return t[0] + t[1];
}
template <class T, class V>
inline V evaluate_polynomial_c_imp(const T* a, const V& x, const mpl::int_<6>*)
{
V x2 = x * x;
V t[2];
t[0] = a[5] * x2 + a[3];
t[1] = a[4] * x2 + a[2];
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[1]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[0]);
t[0] *= x;
return t[0] + t[1];
}
template <class T, class V>
inline V evaluate_polynomial_c_imp(const T* a, const V& x, const mpl::int_<7>*)
{
V x2 = x * x;
V t[2];
t[0] = static_cast<V>(a[6] * x2 + a[4]);
t[1] = static_cast<V>(a[5] * x2 + a[3]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[2]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[1]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[0]);
t[1] *= x;
return t[0] + t[1];
}
template <class T, class V>
inline V evaluate_polynomial_c_imp(const T* a, const V& x, const mpl::int_<8>*)
{
V x2 = x * x;
V t[2];
t[0] = a[7] * x2 + a[5];
t[1] = a[6] * x2 + a[4];
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[3]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[2]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[1]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[0]);
t[0] *= x;
return t[0] + t[1];
}
template <class T, class V>
inline V evaluate_polynomial_c_imp(const T* a, const V& x, const mpl::int_<9>*)
{
V x2 = x * x;
V t[2];
t[0] = static_cast<V>(a[8] * x2 + a[6]);
t[1] = static_cast<V>(a[7] * x2 + a[5]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[4]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[3]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[2]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[1]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[0]);
t[1] *= x;
return t[0] + t[1];
}
template <class T, class V>
inline V evaluate_polynomial_c_imp(const T* a, const V& x, const mpl::int_<10>*)
{
V x2 = x * x;
V t[2];
t[0] = a[9] * x2 + a[7];
t[1] = a[8] * x2 + a[6];
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[5]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[4]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[3]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[2]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[1]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[0]);
t[0] *= x;
return t[0] + t[1];
}
template <class T, class V>
inline V evaluate_polynomial_c_imp(const T* a, const V& x, const mpl::int_<11>*)
{
V x2 = x * x;
V t[2];
t[0] = static_cast<V>(a[10] * x2 + a[8]);
t[1] = static_cast<V>(a[9] * x2 + a[7]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[6]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[5]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[4]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[3]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[2]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[1]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[0]);
t[1] *= x;
return t[0] + t[1];
}
template <class T, class V>
inline V evaluate_polynomial_c_imp(const T* a, const V& x, const mpl::int_<12>*)
{
V x2 = x * x;
V t[2];
t[0] = a[11] * x2 + a[9];
t[1] = a[10] * x2 + a[8];
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[7]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[6]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[5]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[4]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[3]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[2]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[1]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[0]);
t[0] *= x;
return t[0] + t[1];
}
template <class T, class V>
inline V evaluate_polynomial_c_imp(const T* a, const V& x, const mpl::int_<13>*)
{
V x2 = x * x;
V t[2];
t[0] = static_cast<V>(a[12] * x2 + a[10]);
t[1] = static_cast<V>(a[11] * x2 + a[9]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[8]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[7]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[6]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[5]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[4]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[3]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[2]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[1]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[0]);
t[1] *= x;
return t[0] + t[1];
}
template <class T, class V>
inline V evaluate_polynomial_c_imp(const T* a, const V& x, const mpl::int_<14>*)
{
V x2 = x * x;
V t[2];
t[0] = a[13] * x2 + a[11];
t[1] = a[12] * x2 + a[10];
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[9]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[8]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[7]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[6]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[5]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[4]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[3]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[2]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[1]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[0]);
t[0] *= x;
return t[0] + t[1];
}
template <class T, class V>
inline V evaluate_polynomial_c_imp(const T* a, const V& x, const mpl::int_<15>*)
{
V x2 = x * x;
V t[2];
t[0] = static_cast<V>(a[14] * x2 + a[12]);
t[1] = static_cast<V>(a[13] * x2 + a[11]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[10]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[9]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[8]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[7]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[6]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[5]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[4]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[3]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[2]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[1]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[0]);
t[1] *= x;
return t[0] + t[1];
}
template <class T, class V>
inline V evaluate_polynomial_c_imp(const T* a, const V& x, const mpl::int_<16>*)
{
V x2 = x * x;
V t[2];
t[0] = a[15] * x2 + a[13];
t[1] = a[14] * x2 + a[12];
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[11]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[10]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[9]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[8]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[7]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[6]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[5]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[4]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[3]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[2]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[1]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[0]);
t[0] *= x;
return t[0] + t[1];
}
template <class T, class V>
inline V evaluate_polynomial_c_imp(const T* a, const V& x, const mpl::int_<17>*)
{
V x2 = x * x;
V t[2];
t[0] = static_cast<V>(a[16] * x2 + a[14]);
t[1] = static_cast<V>(a[15] * x2 + a[13]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[12]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[11]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[10]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[9]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[8]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[7]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[6]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[5]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[4]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[3]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[2]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[1]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[0]);
t[1] *= x;
return t[0] + t[1];
}
template <class T, class V>
inline V evaluate_polynomial_c_imp(const T* a, const V& x, const mpl::int_<18>*)
{
V x2 = x * x;
V t[2];
t[0] = a[17] * x2 + a[15];
t[1] = a[16] * x2 + a[14];
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[13]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[12]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[11]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[10]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[9]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[8]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[7]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[6]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[5]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[4]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[3]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[2]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[1]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[0]);
t[0] *= x;
return t[0] + t[1];
}
template <class T, class V>
inline V evaluate_polynomial_c_imp(const T* a, const V& x, const mpl::int_<19>*)
{
V x2 = x * x;
V t[2];
t[0] = static_cast<V>(a[18] * x2 + a[16]);
t[1] = static_cast<V>(a[17] * x2 + a[15]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[14]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[13]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[12]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[11]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[10]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[9]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[8]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[7]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[6]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[5]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[4]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[3]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[1] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[2]);
t[1] += static_cast<V>(a[1]);
t[0] *= x2;
t[0] += static_cast<V>(a[0]);
t[1] *= x;
return t[0] + t[1];
}
}}}} // namespaces
#endif // include guard
``` |
Bhojipura Junction railway station is a railway station in Bareilly district, Uttar Pradesh. Its code is BPR. It serves Bhojipura assembly constituency. The station consists of 3 platforms.
Trains
References
Izzatnagar railway division
Railway stations in Bareilly district |
is a Japanese former gymnast who competed in the 1984 Summer Olympics. Kajitani is a graduate of the Nippon College of Physical Education.
References
1955 births
Living people
Japanese male artistic gymnasts
Olympic gymnasts for Japan
Gymnasts at the 1984 Summer Olympics
Olympic silver medalists for Japan
Olympic bronze medalists for Japan
Olympic medalists in gymnastics
Asian Games medalists in gymnastics
Gymnasts at the 1978 Asian Games
Gymnasts at the 1982 Asian Games
Asian Games silver medalists for Japan
Medalists at the 1978 Asian Games
Medalists at the 1982 Asian Games
Medalists at the 1984 Summer Olympics
Academic staff of Okayama University
20th-century Japanese people |
Below is given a chronological record of tribal and peasant revolts in India before independence from British rule in the 1947. The list covers those tribal uprisings that occurred during the period of British rule in India.
18th century
1767-1833 - Chuar Rebellion
1770-1787 - Chakma revolt in Chittagong Hill Tracts.
1771-1809 - Chuar revolt by Bhumij tribes of Jungle Mahals.
1774-1779: Halba Dongar by Halba tribes in Bastar state against British armies and the Marathas.
1778: Revolt of the Paharia Sardars of Chota Nagpur against the British.
1784-1785: Uprising of the Mahadev Koli tribes in Maharashtra and Tilka Manjhi of Santal Tribe.
1789: Revolt of the Tamar of Chotanagpur against British.
1794-1795: The Tamars revolted again.
1798: The revolt of the tribals against the sale of Panchet estate in Chotanagpur.
1798-1799: Chuar Rebellion led by Durjan Singh.
19th century
1812: The Kurichiyar and Kurumbar rebelled in Wayanad.
1822-1824: Gurjar tribe in the Roorkee-Haridwar-Saharanpur region of the United Provinces under the leadership of Raja Vijay Singh of Kunja Bahadarpur organized an armed rebellion against the British, which was recognized by the British government as a 'Goojar Revolt' of 1824.
1825: Singphos attacked and set fire to the British magazine at Sadiya in Assam.
1828: Singphos Chief attacked Sadiya with 3000 tribal warriors.
1831-1832: Kol uprising of Kol tribals including the Ho, Oraon, Bhumij and Munda people in Chota Nagpur.
1832-1833: Bhumij revolt in Jungle Mahals under Ganga Narayan Singh.
1843: Singpho Chief Nirang Phidu attacked the British garrison and killed several soldiers.
1849: Kadma Singpho attacked British villages in Assam and was captured.
1850: The Khond tribe revolted in Orissa Tributary States under leadership of chief Bisoi.
Telanga Kharia rebelled in Chotanagpur Division.
1855-1856: The Santal Hul by the Santhal community against the British in Rajmahal Hills led by Sido and Kanho.
1857: Chero and Kharwar revolt in Chota Nagpur as part of the wider 1857 Rebellion.
1857-1858: The Bhil revolted between the Vindhya and Satpura ranges under the leadership of Bhagoji Naik and Kajar Singh as part of the 1857 rebellion.
1859: The Andamanese in the Battle of Aberdeen.
1860: The Mizo raided Tripura state and killed 186 British subjects.
1860-1862: The Synteng revolt in the Jaintia Hills in Eastern Bengal and Assam.
1861: The Juang community revolted in Orissa.
1862: The Koya community revolted in the Godavari district against Muttaders.
1869-1870: The Santhals revolted at Dhanbad against a local monarch. The British mediated to settle dispute.
1879: The Naga revolted in Assam.
1879: The Koya revolted at Malkangiri in the Vishakapatnam Hill Tracts Agency under leadership of Tammandora.
1883: The Sentinelese tribal people of Andaman and Nicobar Islands in the Indian Ocean attacked the British.
1889: The mass agitation by the Munda against the British in Chota Nagpur.
1891: The Anglo-Manipuri war where the British conquered the kingdom of Manipur.
1892: The Lushai people revolted against the British repeatedly.
1899-1900: Revolt by the Munda tribal community under leadership of Birsa Munda (The Ulgulan).
20th century
1910: Bastar rebellion in Bastar state of the Central Provinces of Berar.
1913-1914: Tana Bhagat movement in Bihar.
1913: Revolt of Bhils in the Mangarh Hills of the Aravalli Range.
1917-1919: Kuki Uprising in Manipur against British colonial rule under the leadership of their chieftains called haosa.
1920-1921: Tana Bhagat movement happened again.
1922: The Koya tribal community revolted at in the Godavari Agency against the British under leadership of Alluri Sitarama Raju.
1932: The Nagas revolted under leadership of 14-year old Rani Gaidinliu in Manipur.
1941: The Gond and the Kolam revolted in collaboration against British Government in the Adilabad district of Hyderabad state.
1942: Tribal revolt under leadership of Lakshmana Naik at Koraput in Jeypore state.
1942-1945: The tribes of Andaman and Nicobar islands revolted against occupation of their islands by Japanese troops during World War II.
References
Khan, Ismail. 1986-Indian tribe through the ages. Vikas publishing house, New Delhi.
Gautam Bhadra. 1975. "The Kuki (?) Uprising (1917-1919): Its causes and Nature," Man in India, vol.55,1, pp. 10–56
Pattnaik .B. K., 2013. Tribal Resistance Movements and the Politics of Development Induced Displacement in Contemporary Orissa, Social Change, Vol. 43(1), pp 53–78
Baviskar Amita. (1995). In the belly of the river, tribal conflict over development in the Narmada valley. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
Das, Vidhya (2001). Mining bauxite, maiming people, Economic and Political Weekly, 36(28), July 14–20: 2612–14
Oliver-Smith Anthony (2001). Displacement, resistance and the critique of development: From the grassroots to the global, Final report prepared for ESCOR R7644 and Research Programme on Development Induced Displacement and Resettlement, Refugee Studies Centre, University of Oxford
Rebellions in India
Political uprisings in India |
```php
<?php
/*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
*/
namespace Google\Service\CloudMachineLearningEngine\Resource;
use Google\Service\CloudMachineLearningEngine\GoogleCloudMlV1ListModelsResponse;
use Google\Service\CloudMachineLearningEngine\GoogleCloudMlV1Model;
use Google\Service\CloudMachineLearningEngine\GoogleIamV1Policy;
use Google\Service\CloudMachineLearningEngine\GoogleIamV1SetIamPolicyRequest;
use Google\Service\CloudMachineLearningEngine\GoogleIamV1TestIamPermissionsRequest;
use Google\Service\CloudMachineLearningEngine\GoogleIamV1TestIamPermissionsResponse;
use Google\Service\CloudMachineLearningEngine\GoogleLongrunningOperation;
/**
* The "models" collection of methods.
* Typical usage is:
* <code>
* $mlService = new Google\Service\CloudMachineLearningEngine(...);
* $models = $mlService->projects_models;
* </code>
*/
class ProjectsModels extends \Google\Service\Resource
{
/**
* Creates a model which will later contain one or more versions. You must add
* at least one version before you can request predictions from the model. Add
* versions by calling projects.models.versions.create. (models.create)
*
* @param string $parent Required. The project name.
* @param GoogleCloudMlV1Model $postBody
* @param array $optParams Optional parameters.
* @return GoogleCloudMlV1Model
* @throws \Google\Service\Exception
*/
public function create($parent, GoogleCloudMlV1Model $postBody, $optParams = [])
{
$params = ['parent' => $parent, 'postBody' => $postBody];
$params = array_merge($params, $optParams);
return $this->call('create', [$params], GoogleCloudMlV1Model::class);
}
/**
* Deletes a model. You can only delete a model if there are no versions in it.
* You can delete versions by calling projects.models.versions.delete.
* (models.delete)
*
* @param string $name Required. The name of the model.
* @param array $optParams Optional parameters.
* @return GoogleLongrunningOperation
* @throws \Google\Service\Exception
*/
public function delete($name, $optParams = [])
{
$params = ['name' => $name];
$params = array_merge($params, $optParams);
return $this->call('delete', [$params], GoogleLongrunningOperation::class);
}
/**
* Gets information about a model, including its name, the description (if set),
* and the default version (if at least one version of the model has been
* deployed). (models.get)
*
* @param string $name Required. The name of the model.
* @param array $optParams Optional parameters.
* @return GoogleCloudMlV1Model
* @throws \Google\Service\Exception
*/
public function get($name, $optParams = [])
{
$params = ['name' => $name];
$params = array_merge($params, $optParams);
return $this->call('get', [$params], GoogleCloudMlV1Model::class);
}
/**
* Gets the access control policy for a resource. Returns an empty policy if the
* resource exists and does not have a policy set. (models.getIamPolicy)
*
* @param string $resource REQUIRED: The resource for which the policy is being
* requested. See [Resource
* names](path_to_url for the
* appropriate value for this field.
* @param array $optParams Optional parameters.
*
* @opt_param int options.requestedPolicyVersion Optional. The maximum policy
* version that will be used to format the policy. Valid values are 0, 1, and 3.
* Requests specifying an invalid value will be rejected. Requests for policies
* with any conditional role bindings must specify version 3. Policies with no
* conditional role bindings may specify any valid value or leave the field
* unset. The policy in the response might use the policy version that you
* specified, or it might use a lower policy version. For example, if you
* specify version 3, but the policy has no conditional role bindings, the
* response uses version 1. To learn which resources support conditions in their
* IAM policies, see the [IAM
* documentation](path_to_url
* policies).
* @return GoogleIamV1Policy
* @throws \Google\Service\Exception
*/
public function getIamPolicy($resource, $optParams = [])
{
$params = ['resource' => $resource];
$params = array_merge($params, $optParams);
return $this->call('getIamPolicy', [$params], GoogleIamV1Policy::class);
}
/**
* Lists the models in a project. Each project can contain multiple models, and
* each model can have multiple versions. If there are no models that match the
* request parameters, the list request returns an empty response body: {}.
* (models.listProjectsModels)
*
* @param string $parent Required. The name of the project whose models are to
* be listed.
* @param array $optParams Optional parameters.
*
* @opt_param string filter Optional. Specifies the subset of models to
* retrieve.
* @opt_param int pageSize Optional. The number of models to retrieve per "page"
* of results. If there are more remaining results than this number, the
* response message will contain a valid value in the `next_page_token` field.
* The default value is 20, and the maximum page size is 100.
* @opt_param string pageToken Optional. A page token to request the next page
* of results. You get the token from the `next_page_token` field of the
* response from the previous call.
* @return GoogleCloudMlV1ListModelsResponse
* @throws \Google\Service\Exception
*/
public function listProjectsModels($parent, $optParams = [])
{
$params = ['parent' => $parent];
$params = array_merge($params, $optParams);
return $this->call('list', [$params], GoogleCloudMlV1ListModelsResponse::class);
}
/**
* Updates a specific model resource. Currently the only supported fields to
* update are `description` and `default_version.name`. (models.patch)
*
* @param string $name Required. The project name.
* @param GoogleCloudMlV1Model $postBody
* @param array $optParams Optional parameters.
*
* @opt_param string updateMask Required. Specifies the path, relative to
* `Model`, of the field to update. For example, to change the description of a
* model to "foo" and set its default version to "version_1", the `update_mask`
* parameter would be specified as `description`, `default_version.name`, and
* the `PATCH` request body would specify the new value, as follows: {
* "description": "foo", "defaultVersion": { "name":"version_1" } } Currently
* the supported update masks are `description` and `default_version.name`.
* @return GoogleLongrunningOperation
* @throws \Google\Service\Exception
*/
public function patch($name, GoogleCloudMlV1Model $postBody, $optParams = [])
{
$params = ['name' => $name, 'postBody' => $postBody];
$params = array_merge($params, $optParams);
return $this->call('patch', [$params], GoogleLongrunningOperation::class);
}
/**
* Sets the access control policy on the specified resource. Replaces any
* existing policy. Can return `NOT_FOUND`, `INVALID_ARGUMENT`, and
* `PERMISSION_DENIED` errors. (models.setIamPolicy)
*
* @param string $resource REQUIRED: The resource for which the policy is being
* specified. See [Resource
* names](path_to_url for the
* appropriate value for this field.
* @param GoogleIamV1SetIamPolicyRequest $postBody
* @param array $optParams Optional parameters.
* @return GoogleIamV1Policy
* @throws \Google\Service\Exception
*/
public function setIamPolicy($resource, GoogleIamV1SetIamPolicyRequest $postBody, $optParams = [])
{
$params = ['resource' => $resource, 'postBody' => $postBody];
$params = array_merge($params, $optParams);
return $this->call('setIamPolicy', [$params], GoogleIamV1Policy::class);
}
/**
* Returns permissions that a caller has on the specified resource. If the
* resource does not exist, this will return an empty set of permissions, not a
* `NOT_FOUND` error. Note: This operation is designed to be used for building
* permission-aware UIs and command-line tools, not for authorization checking.
* This operation may "fail open" without warning. (models.testIamPermissions)
*
* @param string $resource REQUIRED: The resource for which the policy detail is
* being requested. See [Resource
* names](path_to_url for the
* appropriate value for this field.
* @param GoogleIamV1TestIamPermissionsRequest $postBody
* @param array $optParams Optional parameters.
* @return GoogleIamV1TestIamPermissionsResponse
* @throws \Google\Service\Exception
*/
public function testIamPermissions($resource, GoogleIamV1TestIamPermissionsRequest $postBody, $optParams = [])
{
$params = ['resource' => $resource, 'postBody' => $postBody];
$params = array_merge($params, $optParams);
return $this->call('testIamPermissions', [$params], GoogleIamV1TestIamPermissionsResponse::class);
}
}
// Adding a class alias for backwards compatibility with the previous class name.
class_alias(ProjectsModels::class, your_sha256_hashs');
``` |
```objective-c
//
//
// path_to_url
//
#ifndef PXR_USD_USD_PRIM_RANGE_H
#define PXR_USD_USD_PRIM_RANGE_H
#include "pxr/pxr.h"
#include "pxr/usd/usd/api.h"
#include "pxr/usd/usd/common.h"
#include "pxr/usd/usd/prim.h"
#include "pxr/usd/usd/primFlags.h"
#include <vector>
#include <iterator>
PXR_NAMESPACE_OPEN_SCOPE
/// \class UsdPrimRange
///
/// An forward-iterable range that traverses a subtree of prims rooted at a
/// given prim in depth-first order.
///
/// In addition to depth-first order, UsdPrimRange provides the optional ability
/// to traverse in depth-first pre- and post-order wher prims appear twice in
/// the range; first before all descendants and then again immediately after all
/// descendants. This is useful for maintaining state associated with subtrees,
/// in a stack-like fashion. See UsdPrimRange::iterator::IsPostVisit() to
/// detect when an iterator is visiting a prim for the second time.
///
/// There are several constructors providing different levels of
/// configurability; ultimately, one can provide a prim predicate for a custom
/// iteration, just as one would use UsdPrim::GetFilteredChildren() in a custom
/// recursion.
///
/// Why would one want to use a UsdPrimRange rather than just iterating
/// over the results of UsdPrim::GetFilteredDescendants() ? Primarily, if
/// one of the following applies:
/// \li You need to perform pre-and-post-order processing
/// \li You may want to prune sub-trees from processing (see UsdPrimRange::iterator::PruneChildren())
/// \li You want to treat the root prim itself uniformly with its
/// descendents (GetFilteredDescendants() will not return the root prim itself,
/// while UsdPrimRange will - see UsdPrimRange::Stage for an exception).
///
/// <b>Using UsdPrimRange in C++</b>
///
/// UsdPrimRange provides standard container-like semantics. For example:
/// \code
/// // simple range-for iteration
/// for (UsdPrim prim: UsdPrimRange(rootPrim)) {
/// ProcessPrim(prim);
/// }
///
/// // using stl algorithms
/// std::vector<UsdPrim> meshes;
/// auto range = stage->Traverse();
/// std::copy_if(range.begin(), range.end(), std::back_inserter(meshes),
/// [](UsdPrim const &) { return prim.IsA<UsdGeomMesh>(); });
///
/// // iterator-based iterating, with subtree pruning
/// UsdPrimRange range(rootPrim);
/// for (auto iter = range.begin(); iter != range.end(); ++iter) {
/// if (UsdModelAPI(*iter).GetKind() == KindTokens->component) {
/// iter.PruneChildren();
/// }
/// else {
/// nonComponents.push_back(*iter);
/// }
/// }
/// \endcode
///
/// <b>Using Usd.PrimRange in python</b>
///
/// The python wrapping for PrimRange is python-iterable, so it can
/// used directly as the object of a "for x in..." clause; however in that
/// usage one loses access to PrimRange methods such as PruneChildren() and
/// IsPostVisit(). Simply create the iterator outside the loop to overcome
/// this limitation. Finally, in python, prim predicates must be combined
/// with bit-wise operators rather than logical operators because the latter
/// are not overridable.
/// \code{.py}
/// # simple iteration
/// for prim in Usd.PrimRange(rootPrim):
/// ProcessPrim(prim)
///
/// # filtered range using iterator to invoke iterator methods
/// it = iter(Usd.PrimRange.Stage(stage, Usd.PrimIsLoaded & ~Usd.PrimIsAbstract))
/// for prim in it:
/// if Usd.ModelAPI(prim).GetKind() == Kind.Tokens.component:
/// it.PruneChildren()
/// else:
/// nonComponents.append(prim)
/// \endcode
///
/// Finally, since iterators in python are not directly dereferencable, we
/// provide the \em python \em only methods GetCurrentPrim() and IsValid(),
/// documented in the python help system.
///
class UsdPrimRange
{
public:
class iterator;
/// \class EndSentinel
///
/// This class lets us represent past-the-end without the full weight of an
/// iterator.
class EndSentinel {
private:
friend class UsdPrimRange;
explicit EndSentinel(UsdPrimRange const *range) : _range(range) {}
friend class UsdPrimRange::iterator;
UsdPrimRange const *_range;
};
/// \class iterator
///
/// A forward iterator into a UsdPrimRange. Iterators are valid for the
/// range they were obtained from. An iterator \em i obtained from a range
/// \em r is not valid for a range \em c copied from \em r.
class iterator {
using _UnderlyingIterator = Usd_PrimDataConstPtr;
class _PtrProxy {
public:
UsdPrim* operator->() { return &_prim; }
private:
friend class iterator;
explicit _PtrProxy(const UsdPrim& prim) : _prim(prim) {}
UsdPrim _prim;
};
public:
using iterator_category = std::forward_iterator_tag;
using value_type = UsdPrim;
using reference = UsdPrim;
using pointer = _PtrProxy;
using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t;
iterator() = default;
/// Allow implicit conversion from EndSentinel.
iterator(EndSentinel e)
: _underlyingIterator(e._range->_end)
, _range(e._range) {}
reference operator*() const { return dereference(); }
pointer operator->() const { return pointer(dereference()); }
iterator& operator++() {
increment();
return *this;
}
iterator operator++(int) {
iterator result = *this;
increment();
return result;
}
/// Return true if the iterator points to a prim visited the second time
/// (in post order) for a pre- and post-order iterator, false otherwise.
bool IsPostVisit() const { return _isPost; }
/// Behave as if the current prim has no children when next advanced.
/// Issue an error if this is a pre- and post-order iterator that
/// IsPostVisit().
USD_API void PruneChildren();
/// Return true if this iterator is equivalent to \p other.
inline bool operator==(iterator const &other) const {
return _range == other._range &&
_underlyingIterator == other._underlyingIterator &&
_proxyPrimPath == other._proxyPrimPath &&
_depth == other._depth &&
_pruneChildrenFlag == other._pruneChildrenFlag &&
_isPost == other._isPost;
}
/// Return true if this iterator is equivalent to \p other.
inline bool operator==(EndSentinel const &other) const {
return _range == other._range &&
_underlyingIterator == _range->_end;
}
/// Return true if this iterator is not equivalent to \p other.
inline bool operator!=(iterator const &other) const {
return !(*this == other);
}
/// Return true if this iterator is not equivalent to \p other.
inline bool operator!=(EndSentinel const &other) const {
return !(*this == other);
}
private:
friend class UsdPrimRange;
iterator(UsdPrimRange const *range,
Usd_PrimDataConstPtr prim,
SdfPath proxyPrimPath,
unsigned int depth)
: _underlyingIterator(prim)
, _range(range)
, _proxyPrimPath(proxyPrimPath)
, _depth(depth) {}
USD_API void increment();
inline reference dereference() const {
return UsdPrim(_underlyingIterator, _proxyPrimPath);
}
_UnderlyingIterator _underlyingIterator = nullptr;
UsdPrimRange const *_range = nullptr;
SdfPath _proxyPrimPath;
unsigned int _depth = 0;
// True when the client has asked that the next increment skips the
// children of the current prim.
bool _pruneChildrenFlag = false;
// True when we're on the post-side of a prim. Unused if
// _range->_postOrder is false.
bool _isPost = false;
};
using const_iterator = iterator;
UsdPrimRange()
: _begin(nullptr)
, _end(nullptr)
, _initDepth(0)
, _postOrder(false) {}
/// Construct a PrimRange that traverses the subtree rooted at \p start in
/// depth-first order, visiting prims that pass the default predicate (as
/// defined by #UsdPrimDefaultPredicate).
explicit UsdPrimRange(const UsdPrim &start) {
Usd_PrimDataConstPtr p = get_pointer(start._Prim());
_Init(p, p ? p->GetNextPrim() : nullptr, start._ProxyPrimPath());
}
/// Construct a PrimRange that traverses the subtree rooted at \p start in
/// depth-first order, visiting prims that pass \p predicate.
UsdPrimRange(const UsdPrim &start,
const Usd_PrimFlagsPredicate &predicate) {
Usd_PrimDataConstPtr p = get_pointer(start._Prim());
_Init(p, p ? p->GetNextPrim() : nullptr,
start._ProxyPrimPath(), predicate);
}
/// Create a PrimRange that traverses the subtree rooted at \p start in
/// depth-first order, visiting prims that pass the default predicate (as
/// defined by #UsdPrimDefaultPredicate) with pre- and post-order
/// visitation.
///
/// Pre- and post-order visitation means that each prim appears
/// twice in the range; not only prior to all its descendants as with an
/// ordinary traversal but also immediately following its descendants. This
/// lets client code maintain state for subtrees. See
/// UsdPrimRange::iterator::IsPostVisit().
static UsdPrimRange
PreAndPostVisit(const UsdPrim &start) {
UsdPrimRange result(start);
result._postOrder = true;
return result;
}
/// Create a PrimRange that traverses the subtree rooted at \p start in
/// depth-first order, visiting prims that pass \p predicate with pre- and
/// post-order visitation.
///
/// Pre- and post-order visitation means that each prim appears
/// twice in the range; not only prior to all its descendants as with an
/// ordinary traversal but also immediately following its descendants. This
/// lets client code maintain state for subtrees. See
/// UsdPrimRange::iterator::IsPostVisit().
static UsdPrimRange
PreAndPostVisit(const UsdPrim &start,
const Usd_PrimFlagsPredicate &predicate) {
UsdPrimRange result(start, predicate);
result._postOrder = true;
return result;
}
/// Construct a PrimRange that traverses the subtree rooted at \p start in
/// depth-first order, visiting all prims (including deactivated, undefined,
/// and abstract prims).
static UsdPrimRange
AllPrims(const UsdPrim &start) {
return UsdPrimRange(start, UsdPrimAllPrimsPredicate);
}
/// Construct a PrimRange that traverses the subtree rooted at \p start in
/// depth-first order, visiting all prims (including deactivated, undefined,
/// and abstract prims) with pre- and post-order visitation.
///
/// Pre- and post-order visitation means that each prim appears
/// twice in the range; not only prior to all its descendants as with an
/// ordinary traversal but also immediately following its descendants. This
/// lets client code maintain state for subtrees. See
/// UsdPrimRange::iterator::IsPostVisit().
static UsdPrimRange
AllPrimsPreAndPostVisit(const UsdPrim &start) {
return PreAndPostVisit(start, UsdPrimAllPrimsPredicate);
}
/// Create a PrimRange that traverses all the prims on \p stage, and
/// visits those that pass the default predicate (as defined by
/// #UsdPrimDefaultPredicate).
USD_API
static UsdPrimRange
Stage(const UsdStagePtr &stage,
const Usd_PrimFlagsPredicate &predicate = UsdPrimDefaultPredicate);
/// Return an iterator to the start of this range.
iterator begin() const {
return iterator(this, _begin, _initProxyPrimPath, _initDepth);
}
/// Return a const_iterator to the start of this range.
const_iterator cbegin() const {
return iterator(this, _begin, _initProxyPrimPath, _initDepth);
}
/// Return the first element of this range. The range must not be empty().
UsdPrim front() const { return *begin(); }
// XXX C++11 & 14 require that c/end() return the same type as c/begin() for
// range-based-for loops to work correctly. C++17 relaxes that requirement.
// Change the return type to EndSentinel once we are on C++17.
/// Return the past-the-end iterator for this range.
iterator end() const { return EndSentinel(this); }
/// Return the past-the-end const_iterator for this range.
const_iterator cend() const { return EndSentinel(this); }
/// Modify this range by advancing the beginning by one. The range must not
/// be empty, and the range must not be a pre- and post-order range.
void increment_begin() {
set_begin(++begin());
}
/// Set the start of this range to \p newBegin. The \p newBegin iterator
/// must be within this range's begin() and end(), and must not have
/// UsdPrimRange::iterator::IsPostVisit() be true.
void set_begin(iterator const &newBegin) {
TF_VERIFY(!newBegin.IsPostVisit());
_begin = newBegin._underlyingIterator;
_initProxyPrimPath = newBegin._proxyPrimPath;
_initDepth = newBegin._depth;
}
/// Return true if this range contains no prims, false otherwise.
bool empty() const { return begin() == end(); }
/// Return true if this range contains one or more prims, false otherwise.
explicit operator bool() const { return !empty(); }
/// Return true if this range is equivalent to \p other.
bool operator==(UsdPrimRange const &other) const {
return this == &other ||
(_begin == other._begin &&
_end == other._end &&
_initProxyPrimPath == other._initProxyPrimPath &&
_predicate == other._predicate &&
_postOrder == other._postOrder &&
_initDepth == other._initDepth);
}
/// Return true if this range is not equivalent to \p other.
bool operator!=(UsdPrimRange const &other) const {
return !(*this == other);
}
private:
UsdPrimRange(Usd_PrimDataConstPtr begin,
Usd_PrimDataConstPtr end,
const SdfPath& proxyPrimPath,
const Usd_PrimFlagsPredicate &predicate =
UsdPrimDefaultPredicate) {
_Init(begin, end, proxyPrimPath, predicate);
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Helpers.
void _Init(const Usd_PrimData *first,
const Usd_PrimData *last,
const SdfPath &proxyPrimPath,
const Usd_PrimFlagsPredicate &predicate =
UsdPrimDefaultPredicate) {
_begin = first;
_end = last;
_initProxyPrimPath = proxyPrimPath;
_predicate = _begin ?
Usd_CreatePredicateForTraversal(_begin, proxyPrimPath, predicate) :
predicate;
_postOrder = false;
_initDepth = 0;
// Advance to the first prim that passes the predicate.
iterator b = begin();
if (b._underlyingIterator != _end &&
!Usd_EvalPredicate(_predicate, b._underlyingIterator,
proxyPrimPath)) {
b._pruneChildrenFlag = true;
set_begin(++b);
}
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Data members.
// These members are fixed for the life of the range.
Usd_PrimDataConstPtr _begin;
Usd_PrimDataConstPtr _end;
SdfPath _initProxyPrimPath;
Usd_PrimFlagsPredicate _predicate;
unsigned int _initDepth;
bool _postOrder;
};
PXR_NAMESPACE_CLOSE_SCOPE
#endif // PXR_USD_USD_PRIM_RANGE_H
``` |
The Roland System-100M was a modular analog synthesizer manufactured by the Roland Corporation in the late 1970s and early 1980s. It was the successor of the Roland System-100, a semi-modular keyboard.
In the 1980s, shortly after its introduction, Richard Burgess of Landscape called the 100M "one of the best synthesisers on the market, with so many control functions available independently, whereas most synths only have one or two LFOs to do all the modulating." Ian Boddy considered the System 100M "an almost ideal introduction to the world of modular synthesis," and praised its oscillator sync sound, especially when sampled to achieve polyphony.
By the 1990s, although digital synthesizers were starting to replace analog ones, several prominent musicians still enthused about their 100Ms. Jack Dangers of Meat Beat Manifesto said "the best thing about it is that it's modular and it uses a patchbay, so you can send things back on themselves and get, like, analogue feedback, you really can... You can do cross-modulation, too. It's pretty good for external sound sources, as well." Chris Carter called it "as versatile, expandable, and affordable a system as you can get without going the DIY route" in 1995.
Components
New Modules
2020 Clones
The original Roland schematics being fully available online, Behringer has planned respective released their own versions (either straight copies or adaptions) of the Roland 100M series of modules in Eurorack format. As of July 2020, the following modules are available for (pre-)ordering:
110 VCO/VCF/VCA
112 Dual VCO
121 Dual VCF
130 Dual VCA
140 Dual Envelope/LFO
150 Ring Mod/Noise/S&H/LFO
172 Phase Shifter/Delay/LFO
173 Quad Gate/Multiples
182 Sequencer
297 Dual Portamento/CV Utilities (combination of 132 Dual CV / Audio Mixers & Voltage Processors & 165 Dual Portamento Controller)
305 EQ/Mixer/Output (combination of 131 Output Mixer / Tuning Oscillator / Headphone Amp & 174 Parametric EQ)
Notable users
Aphex Twin
Ian Boddy
Vince Clarke
The Human League
Landscape
Meat Beat Manifesto
Public Image Ltd
Throbbing Gristle
References
External links
Vintage Synth Explorer - Roland System 100m
Sound On Sound retrospective
Module descriptions
M185 from RYK Modular
Modular synthesizers
System-100M
Analog synthesizers
Polyphonic synthesizers |
```objective-c
/*your_sha256_hash---------
*
* generic_xlog.h
* Generic xlog API definition.
*
*
*
* src/include/access/generic_xlog.h
*
*your_sha256_hash---------
*/
#ifndef GENERIC_XLOG_H
#define GENERIC_XLOG_H
#include "access/xlog.h"
#include "access/xlog_internal.h"
#include "access/xloginsert.h"
#include "storage/bufpage.h"
#include "utils/rel.h"
#define MAX_GENERIC_XLOG_PAGES XLR_NORMAL_MAX_BLOCK_ID
/* Flag bits for GenericXLogRegisterBuffer */
#define GENERIC_XLOG_FULL_IMAGE 0x0001 /* write full-page image */
/* state of generic xlog record construction */
struct GenericXLogState;
typedef struct GenericXLogState GenericXLogState;
/* API for construction of generic xlog records */
extern GenericXLogState *GenericXLogStart(Relation relation);
extern Page GenericXLogRegisterBuffer(GenericXLogState *state, Buffer buffer,
int flags);
extern XLogRecPtr GenericXLogFinish(GenericXLogState *state);
extern void GenericXLogAbort(GenericXLogState *state);
/* functions defined for rmgr */
extern void generic_redo(XLogReaderState *record);
extern const char *generic_identify(uint8 info);
extern void generic_desc(StringInfo buf, XLogReaderState *record);
extern void generic_mask(char *pagedata, BlockNumber blkno);
#endif /* GENERIC_XLOG_H */
``` |
The Senior men's race at the 1979 IAAF World Cross Country Championships was held in Limerick, Ireland, at the Greenpark Racecourse on 25 March 1979. A report on the event was given in the Glasgow Herald.
Complete results, medallists,
and the results of British athletes were published.
Race results
Senior men's race (12 km)
Individual
Teams
Note: Athletes in parentheses did not score for the team result
Participation
An unofficial count yields the participation of 191 athletes from 26 countries in the Senior men's race. This is in agreement with the official numbers as published.
(9)
(7)
(9)
(9)
(1)
(9)
(9)
(9)
(9)
(2)
(9)
(1)
(8)
(9)
(9)
(6)
(6)
(7)
(9)
(7)
(9)
(5)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(9)
See also
1979 IAAF World Cross Country Championships – Junior men's race
1979 IAAF World Cross Country Championships – Senior women's race
References
Senior men's race at the World Athletics Cross Country Championships
IAAF World Cross Country Championships |
The 1984 Women's Grand Prix was a women's snooker competition that took place in five venues from 13 February to 2 June 1984, organised by the World Ladies Billiards and Snooker Association and Ladies Snooker International, and sponsored by National Express. The format was for sixteen players to take part in a knockout tournament at each of the venues. The first of the stages, at Abertillery, was televised by HTV. The results from all five events were compiled to produce an overall winner. For each knockout event, the winning player was awarded 15 points, the runner-up 12 points, third placed 10 points, fourth: 8 points, fifth: 6 points, sixth: 5 points, seventh: 2 points and eighth: 1 point. Mandy Fisher, who won two of the events and was runner-up in two others, was the overall champion, and received £5,000 in addition to her prize money from each event. She also compiled a new highest by a woman in competition, compiling a 62 in her match against Grace Nakamura at Basingstoke. The later events attracted only small audiences, and the competition was not repeated.
The event is regarded as an edition of the World Women's Snooker Championship.
Prize money
Overall winner "snowball" prize: £5,000
For each event:
Winner: £2,500
Runner-up: £1,500
Semi-finals: £750
Quarter-finals: £500
First round: £250
Highest break: £500
Finals
The winning players are shown in bold.
References
1984 in English sport
1984 in snooker
1984 in women's sport
International sports competitions hosted by England |
Capital Community College is a public community college in Hartford, Connecticut. The only public undergraduate institution in the City of Hartford, Capital's roots date to 1967 with the founding of Greater Hartford Community College. In 1992 Capital merged with Hartford State Technical College to become Capital Community-Technical College in a state-mandated consolidation. In 2000, the college's name was changed to Capital Community College.
The college is accredited by the New England Commission of Higher Education and enrolled 3,302 students in fall 2016. It claims to be one of the most ethnically diverse campuses in New England. Sixty-seven percent of students are African American and Latino. Its programs of study include the associate degree in Nursing—the largest degree program for the preparation of Registered Nurses in the State of Connecticut.
The college made a significant step in helping the redevelopment in downtown Hartford by opening up a new campus at the former G. Fox & Co. department store on Main Street in the heart of downtown. The building served as the home of the department store until it closed in 1993. The entire building was renovated and in 2002 the college moved into the building as well as numerous state and city offices and numerous retail clients on the ground level.
Before opening up in downtown Hartford the college had two campuses in the city, one on Woodland Street and another on Flatbush Avenue.
Notable alumni
Jaki Shelton Green, poet (Greater Hartford Community College)
Pedro Segarra (Greater Hartford Community College), former mayor of Hartford
References
External links
Official website
Education in Hartford, Connecticut
Community colleges in Connecticut
Universities and colleges established in 1967
Universities and colleges established in 1992
Buildings and structures in Hartford, Connecticut
Universities and colleges in Hartford County, Connecticut
1967 establishments in Connecticut
1992 establishments in Connecticut |
Kosmos 1849 ( meaning Cosmos 1849) is a Soviet US-K missile early warning satellite which was launched in 1987 as part of the Soviet military's Oko programme. The satellite is designed to identify missile launches using optical telescopes and infrared sensors.
Kosmos 1849 was launched from Site 16/2 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in the Russian SSR. A Molniya-M carrier rocket with a 2BL upper stage was used to perform the launch, which took place at 18:50 UTC on 4 June 1987. The launch successfully placed the satellite into a molniya orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 1987-048A. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 18083.
It re-entered the Earth's atmosphere on 3 February 2003.
See also
List of Kosmos satellites (1751–2000)
List of R-7 launches (1985–1989)
1987 in spaceflight
List of Oko satellites
References
Kosmos satellites
1987 in spaceflight
Oko
Spacecraft launched by Molniya-M rockets
Spacecraft which reentered in 2003
Spacecraft launched in 1987 |
Patrick J. Michaels (February 15, 1950 – July 15, 2022) was an American agricultural climatologist. Michaels was a senior fellow in environmental studies at the Cato Institute until 2019. Until 2007, he was research professor of environmental sciences at the University of Virginia, where he had worked from 1980.
Starting in 1991, he collaborated with Fred Singer to attack the scientific consensus on ozone depletion. He joined the Cato Institute, a libertarian think-tank. He described policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions as "Obamunism".
He wrote a number of books and papers denying or minimizing climate change.
Early life
Born in Berwyn, Illinois, Michaels obtained an A.B. in biological science in 1971 and an S.M. in biology in 1975 from the University of Chicago, and in 1979 he obtained his Ph.D. in ecological climatology from the University of Wisconsin–Madison. His doctoral thesis was titled Atmospheric anomalies and crop yields in North America.
In 1991 and 1992, Michaels collaborated with Fred Singer in writing articles for the Washington Times rejecting the scientific consensus on ozone depletion. He advanced arguments on the subject as late as 2000.
Views on climate change
Michaels said that he does not contest the basic scientific principles behind greenhouse warming and acknowledges that the global mean temperature has increased in recent decades. He is quoted as being skeptical of global warming, and was described by Michael E. Mann as a "prominent climate change contrarian". He contends that the changes will be minor, not catastrophic, and may even be beneficial.
A 2002 article published in the journal Climate Research by Michaels and three other scholars predicted "a warming range of 1.3–3.0°C, with a central value of 1.9°C" over the 1990 to 2100 period, although he remarked that the "temperature range and central values determined in our study may be too great". He made the argument that the climate feedback system involving current warming trends was weaker than generally asserted, coming to a conclusion that set his views apart from that of the IPCC's estimates.
In 2009, Michaels authored a Cato report arguing that "Congress should pass no legislation restricting emissions of carbon dioxide, repeal current ethanol mandates, and inform the public about how little climate change would be prevented by proposed legislation."
In 2018, Michaels asserted on Fox News, "[P]robably about half, maybe half of that nine-tenths of the degree [of total warming] might be caused by greenhouse gases." Climate Feedback, a fact-checking website for media coverage on climate change, wrote of Michaels' assertion, "No evidence or research is provided to support this claim, which contradicts the published scientific literature."
Advocacy
Expert witness for Western Fuels Association
In May 1994 Richard Lindzen, Michaels, and Robert Balling served as expert witnesses on behalf of Western Fuels Association in St. Paul, Minnesota to determine the environmental cost of coal burning by state power plants. Western Fuels Association is a consortium of coal producers that uses collective advocacy to represent industry interests.
World Climate Report, Greening Earth Society, and Western Fuels Association
The World Climate Report, a newsletter edited by Michaels was first published by the Greening Earth Society. The society was a public relations organization associated with the Western Fuels Association (WFA), an association of coal-burning utility companies. It has been called a "front group created by the coal industry" and an "industry front". Fred Palmer, a society staffer, is a registered lobbyist for Peabody Energy, a coal company. WFA founded the group in 1997, according to an archived version of its website, "as a vehicle for advocacy on climate change, the environmental impact of CO2, and fossil fuel use."
2003 John Holdren
Office of Science and Technology Policy director, John Holdren, told the U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee in June 2003, "Michaels is another of the handful of U.S. climate-change contrarians … He has published little if anything of distinction in the professional literature, being noted rather for his shrill op-ed pieces and indiscriminate denunciations of virtually every finding of mainstream climate science." In 2009 Michaels responded in a Washington Examiner op-ed, saying that the IPCC had subverted the peer review process, and adding the IPCC had "left out plenty of peer-reviewed science that it found inconveniently disagreeable."
IPCC
Michaels was one of hundreds of US reviewers composing the International Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Working Group in 2007.
Although the Greening Earth Society was generally skeptical of the impact of climate change, it acknowledged some degree of global warming as real: "Fact #1. The rate of global warming during the past several decades has been about 0.18°C per decade". Note that the actual increase in the global surface temperature during the 100 years ending in 2005 was 0.74 ± 0.18 °C.
Climate scientist Tom Wigley, a lead author of parts of the report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, has stated that "Michaels' statements on the subject of computer models are a catalog of misrepresentation and misinterpretation … Many of the supposedly factual statements made in Michaels' testimony are either inaccurate or are seriously misleading."
Funding from energy or fossil fuel companies
In 2006, a Colorado energy cooperative, the Intermountain Rural Electric Association, had given Michaels $100,000. An Associated Press report said that the donations had been made after Michaels had "told Western business leaders ... that he was running out of money for his analyses of other scientists' global warming research" and noted that the cooperative had a vested interest in opposing mandatory carbon dioxide caps, a situation that raised conflict of interest concerns.
Michaels said on CNN that 40 percent of his funding came from the oil industry. According to Fred Pearce, fossil fuel companies have helped fund Michaels' projects, including his World Climate Report, published every year since 1994, and his "advocacy science consulting firm", New Hope Environmental Services.
A 2005 article published by the Seattle Times reported that Michaels had received more than $165,000 in fuel-industry funding, including money from the coal industry, to publish his own climate journal.
Death
Michaels died on July 15, 2022, in Washington, D.C. at age 72. He leaves behind a wife Rachel Schwartz Michaels (m-2016 - 2022)
Selected publications
His writing has been published in major scientific journals, including Climate Research, Climatic Change, Geophysical Research Letters, Journal of Climate, Nature, and Science, as well as in popular serials such as the Washington Post, Washington Times, Los Angeles Times, USA Today, Houston Chronicle, and Journal of Commerce. He was an author of the climate "paper of the year" awarded by the Association of American Geographers in 2004.
Science papers and technical comments
"Revised 21st century temperature projections", Patrick J. Michaels, Paul C. Knappenberger, Oliver W. Frauenfeld and Robert E. Davis, Climate Research, Vol. 23: 1–9, 2002.
Books
See also
Notable individuals of the Cato Institute
References
External links
Chief Editor profile, World Climate Report
Biography, University of Virginia
Biography, Cato Institute
"How to Manufacture a Climate Consensus", op-ed by Michaels at the Wall Street Journal, published December 17, 2009
Patrick Michaels, Climate Change, and Censorship
1950 births
2022 deaths
American climatologists
American lobbyists
Cato Institute people
Environmental controversies
People from Berwyn, Illinois
University of Chicago alumni
University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni
University of Virginia faculty |
```javascript
/**
* @license Apache-2.0
*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
'use strict';
// MODULES //
var http = require( 'http' );
// MAIN //
/**
* Makes an HTTP `GET` request.
*
* @private
* @param {Options} opts - request options
* @param {Callback} clbk - callback to invoke after receiving an HTTP response
*/
function request( opts, clbk ) {
var body;
var req;
var res;
req = http.request( opts, onResponse );
req.on( 'error', onError );
req.end();
function onError( error ) {
clbk( error );
}
function onResponse( response ) {
body = '';
response.setEncoding( 'utf8' );
response.on( 'data', onData );
response.on( 'end', onEnd );
res = response;
}
function onData( chunk ) {
body += chunk;
}
function onEnd() {
clbk( null, res, body );
}
}
// EXPORTS //
module.exports = request;
``` |
Euchalcia aureolineata is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It has been recorded from Syria and Israel.
Adults are on wing in April. There is one generation per year.
External links
Plusiinae of Israel
Plusiinae
Moths of the Middle East
Moths described in 1997 |
George Hanks may refer to:
George C. Hanks Jr. (born 1964), United States District Judge
George H. Hanks (1829–1871), abolitionist and civil rights activist |
Chalk Mountain may refer to:
Chalk Mountain (Churchill County, Nevada), a summit
Chalk Mountain, Texas, an unincorporated community
See also
Chalk Mountains (disambiguation) |
```c
/*
* V.Flash PTX (.ptx) image decoder
*
* This file is part of FFmpeg.
*
* FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
*
* FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
* Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
*/
#include "libavutil/common.h"
#include "libavutil/intreadwrite.h"
#include "libavutil/imgutils.h"
#include "avcodec.h"
#include "internal.h"
static int ptx_decode_frame(AVCodecContext *avctx, void *data, int *got_frame,
AVPacket *avpkt) {
const uint8_t *buf = avpkt->data;
const uint8_t *buf_end = avpkt->data + avpkt->size;
AVFrame * const p = data;
unsigned int offset, w, h, y, stride, bytes_per_pixel;
int ret;
uint8_t *ptr;
if (buf_end - buf < 14)
return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
offset = AV_RL16(buf);
w = AV_RL16(buf+8);
h = AV_RL16(buf+10);
bytes_per_pixel = AV_RL16(buf+12) >> 3;
if (bytes_per_pixel != 2) {
avpriv_request_sample(avctx, "Image format not RGB15");
return AVERROR_PATCHWELCOME;
}
avctx->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_BGR555LE;
if (buf_end - buf < offset)
return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
if (offset != 0x2c)
avpriv_request_sample(avctx, "offset != 0x2c");
buf += offset;
if ((ret = ff_set_dimensions(avctx, w, h)) < 0)
return ret;
if ((ret = ff_get_buffer(avctx, p, 0)) < 0)
return ret;
p->pict_type = AV_PICTURE_TYPE_I;
ptr = p->data[0];
stride = p->linesize[0];
for (y = 0; y < h && buf_end - buf >= w * bytes_per_pixel; y++) {
memcpy(ptr, buf, w*bytes_per_pixel);
ptr += stride;
buf += w*bytes_per_pixel;
}
*got_frame = 1;
if (y < h) {
av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_WARNING, "incomplete packet\n");
return avpkt->size;
}
return offset + w*h*bytes_per_pixel;
}
AVCodec ff_ptx_decoder = {
.name = "ptx",
.long_name = NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("V.Flash PTX image"),
.type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO,
.id = AV_CODEC_ID_PTX,
.decode = ptx_decode_frame,
.capabilities = AV_CODEC_CAP_DR1,
};
``` |
Not for Nothin' is English jazz bassist Dave Holland's studio album released on August 21, 2001 via the ECM label. Saxophonist Chris Potter, trombonist Robin Eubanks, vibraphonist Steve Nelson and drummer Billy Kilson return from Holland’s previous album.
Background
This is his thirteenth release on the ECM record label, and the third to feature his current working quintet.
As is standard for Holland's releases, the program consists of numerous compositions by the other band members, in this case one each, in addition to the majority written by Holland. The album's longest track "What Goes Around" was re-recorded by Holland in a big-band arrangement on the follow-up album What Goes Around.
Reception
The Allmusic review by Thom Jurek awarded the album 4.5 stars, stating, "This is postmodern poetic singing at its finest. Who said jazz is a dead art form? Let he or she who has the ears to hear, hear; the Dave Holland Quintet is carrying the banner of creative music in the jazz tradition in the 21st century.".
Maurice Bottomley of PopMatters wrote "Actually, the ECM connection matters. If, like me, you associate the label with all that is clever but too contemplative by half, Not for Nothin' should be a salutary warning to your (and my) prejudices. Make no mistake, it swings, struts and sways in all the right places. And, at every twist and turn, the formidable Holland is there, relentlessly driving the music forward. There is nothing here that will surprise anyone who has heard Prime Directive -- this set's predecessor -- but it is, if anything, more easily confident. The younger players are all improving and their leader is certainly not in decline. As for the material, there have been more distinctive compositions, but everything is handled so well that it hardly matters. Best Jazz Album 2001? -- no, but pretty close. Best Small Group 2001? I don't see why not."
Track listing
All compositions by Dave Holland, except as noted.
"Global Citizen" (Robin Eubanks) - 11:12
"For All You Are" - 8:19
"Lost and Found" (Chris Potter) - 9:27
"Shifting Sands" - 5:20
"Billows of Rhythm" (Billy Kilson) - 6:45
"What Goes Around" - 13:04
"Go Fly a Kite" (Steve Nelson) - 6:12
"Not for Nothin'" - 5:54
"Cosmosis" - 6:11
Personnel
Dave Holland - bass
Robin Eubanks - trombone and cowbell
Chris Potter - soprano, alto and tenor saxophones
Steve Nelson - vibraphone & marimba
Billy Kilson - drums
Chris "Tek" O'Ryan - sound engineer
References
External links
Dave Holland albums
2001 albums
ECM Records albums |
Jason Frederick Carroll is an American journalist who is a national correspondent for CNN, a cable-news television channel.
Early life and education
Carroll was born in Westlake Village, California. He graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in literature and creative writing from the University of Southern California, located in Los Angeles, California.
Career
Carroll was scouted as a model after high school. His broadcast career started as an on-air intern at KGET-TV in Bakersfield, California. He also interned for 60 Minutes. He worked for CBS2 in Los Angeles before moving to CNN New York.
Since joining CNN he has covered breaking-news stories including the earthquake in Haiti, following soldiers into war in Afghanistan, numerous Hurricanes including Hurricane Katrina, and Hurricane Sandy.
Awards
Carroll is a recipient of numerous awards including an Edward R. Murrow Award.
See also
List of CNN anchors (includes list of correspondents)
List of television reporters
List of University of Southern California people
References
Year of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
20th-century American non-fiction writers
21st-century American non-fiction writers
African-American journalists
African-American television personalities
American television reporters and correspondents
CNN people
Kansas television personalities
Living people
University of Southern California alumni
Journalists from Los Angeles
People from Westlake Village, California
20th-century African-American writers
21st-century African-American writers |
Ban Phiakhamkak is a village in Phouvong District in the Attopu Province of southeast Laos.
References
Populated places in Attapeu province
Phouvong District |
Ogun State is one of the 36 States of Nigeria with Abeokuta as the state capital. This list of tertiary institutions in Ogun State includes universities, polytechnics and colleges.
List
Babcock University, Ilisan Remo
Bells University of Technology, Ota
Chrisland University, Abeokuta
Covenant University, Ota
Crawford University, Igbesa
Crescent University, Abeokuta
Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro
Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta
McPherson University, Seriki-Sotayo
Moshood Abiola Polytechnic
Mountain Top University, Lagos-Ibadan Expressway, Nigeria
Olabisi Onabanjo University
Tai Solarin University of Education
Abraham Adesanya Polytechnic
Allover Central Polytechnic, Otta.
Gateway Polytechnic Saapade
Southwestern University
References
Ogun |
```objective-c
/**
* @file lv_obj_class.h
*
*/
#ifndef LV_OBJ_CLASS_H
#define LV_OBJ_CLASS_H
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/*********************
* INCLUDES
*********************/
#include "../misc/lv_types.h"
#include "../misc/lv_area.h"
#include "lv_obj_property.h"
/*********************
* DEFINES
*********************/
/**********************
* TYPEDEFS
**********************/
typedef enum {
LV_OBJ_CLASS_EDITABLE_INHERIT, /**< Check the base class. Must have 0 value to let zero initialized class inherit*/
LV_OBJ_CLASS_EDITABLE_TRUE,
LV_OBJ_CLASS_EDITABLE_FALSE,
} lv_obj_class_editable_t;
typedef enum {
LV_OBJ_CLASS_GROUP_DEF_INHERIT, /**< Check the base class. Must have 0 value to let zero initialized class inherit*/
LV_OBJ_CLASS_GROUP_DEF_TRUE,
LV_OBJ_CLASS_GROUP_DEF_FALSE,
} lv_obj_class_group_def_t;
typedef enum {
LV_OBJ_CLASS_THEME_INHERITABLE_FALSE, /**< Do not inherit theme from base class. */
LV_OBJ_CLASS_THEME_INHERITABLE_TRUE,
} lv_obj_class_theme_inheritable_t;
typedef void (*lv_obj_class_event_cb_t)(lv_obj_class_t * class_p, lv_event_t * e);
/**********************
* GLOBAL PROTOTYPES
**********************/
/**
* Create an object form a class descriptor
* @param class_p pointer to a class
* @param parent pointer to an object where the new object should be created
* @return pointer to the created object
*/
lv_obj_t * lv_obj_class_create_obj(const lv_obj_class_t * class_p, lv_obj_t * parent);
void lv_obj_class_init_obj(lv_obj_t * obj);
bool lv_obj_is_editable(lv_obj_t * obj);
bool lv_obj_is_group_def(lv_obj_t * obj);
/**********************
* MACROS
**********************/
#ifdef __cplusplus
} /*extern "C"*/
#endif
#endif /*LV_OBJ_CLASS_H*/
``` |
The Leading Point Light was an unusual lighthouse which displayed the rear light to the Brewerton Channel Range. It was eventually superseded by an iron tower on the same foundation.
History
This light was built in 1868, along with the Hawkins Point Light, to provide range lights marking the Brewerton Channel, excavated in the 1850s to provide a fixed deepwater channel into Baltimore Harbor. In form, it was like no other lighthouse in the area, a brick house with a short tower holding the lantern surmounted with a tall pole supporting a large ball, to be used as a daymark.
In 1924 both lights in this range were torn down and replaced with skeleton towers, which remain in use.
References
Brewerton Range Front Light, from the Chesapeake Chapter of the United States Lighthouse Society
External links
1868 establishments in Maryland
Buildings and structures demolished in 1924
Hawkins Point, Baltimore
Lighthouses completed in 1868
Lighthouses completed in 1924
Lighthouses in the Chesapeake Bay
Lighthouses in Baltimore |
KBNT-CD (channel 17) is a low-power, Class A television station in San Diego, California, United States, affiliated with the Spanish-language Univision network. It is owned by Entravision Communications alongside UniMás affiliate KDTF-LD (channel 36); it is also sister to Milenio Televisión affiliate XHDTV-TDT (channel 49). XHDTV-TDT is owned by Mexican-based Televisora Alco, which is 40% owned by Entravision. All four stations share studios on Ruffin Road in San Diego's Kearny Mesa section, while KBNT-CD's transmitter is located on Mount Soledad in La Jolla.
The station's signal is relayed on low-power KHAX-LD (channel 25) in Vista.
History
KBNT launched on May 19, 1987, as K19BN, owned by Cabrillo Broadcasting Corporation. The station obtained the Univision affiliation from Televisa-owned XEWT in Tijuana on January 1, 1990. The station obtained its call signal, KBNT-TV. At that time, San Diegans could receive the station only through cable television, because its weak broadcast signal could not reach the city proper. The station increased its transmitting power, boosting its signal. While still not reaching San Diego proper, it could be picked up in Escondido, San Marcos, Vista and Fallbrook.
On October 29, 1987, K49BV in Vista, owned by Vista Television, was launched. It was a repeater of the TBN network. In 1995, its call sign was changed to KHAX-LP.
On December 23, 1994, K19BN reached an agreement with NBC affiliate KNSD (channel 39) to retransmit its programs on KBNT-LP (channel 62, later KNSD-LP in 1997) in La Jolla.
K19BN became KBNT-LP on August 22, 1997. That same year, ownership switched from Cabrillo to Entravision.
On June 28, 2000, major changes took place at Univision San Diego. The Univision affiliation switched from channel 19 (closed in 2001) to channel 17 (obtaining the KBNT-LP callsign and bought by Entravision), allowing Univision to reach San Diego, National City and Chula Vista over the air. This allowed then-The WB affiliate (now Fox affiliate) KSWB-TV (channel 69) to operate on digital channel 19.
The new KBNT-LP added KHAX-LP as its relay station, extending its coverage to the north. In 2002, KBNT-LP upgraded to Class A status, becoming KBNT-CA. KHAX-LP was sold to Entravision at the same time. The station's relay in La Jolla, KNSD-LP 62, was shut down in 2007. That signal was leased to Entravision by KNSD owners Station Venture Operations, L.P. (operated as a joint venture between NBCUniversal and LIN Media until LIN dropped out of the venture in February 2013).
In the fall of 2008, KBNT-CD expanded again to a three-repeater operation, when KTCD-LP switched from repeating Azteca America-affiliated sister station XHAS-TV (channel 33) to KBNT.
On March 4, 2020, analog channel 49 (KHAX-LP) was shut down and a new digital channel 25 (KHAX-LD) signed on in Vista, California.
On August 9, 2021, the Federal Communications Commission canceled the license for translator KTCD-LP (analog channel 46 in San Diego), as the station did not transition to digital operation by the July 13, 2021 deadline.
Newscasts
KBNT-CD broadcasts five hours of local newscasts each week (with one hour each weekday); the station does not produce newscasts on Saturdays or Sundays. The station produces the public affairs program Perspectiva Nacional on Sundays at 6:00 p.m.
Subchannels
The station's digital signal is multiplexed:
References
External links
Univision network affiliates
LATV affiliates
Stadium (sports network) affiliates
Comet (TV network) affiliates
This TV affiliates
TBD (TV network) affiliates
BNT
BNT-CD
Television channels and stations established in 1989
1989 establishments in California
BNT-CD
Entravision Communications stations |
Long-range restriction mapping is an alternative genomic mapping technique to short-range, also called fine-scale mapping. Both forms utilize restriction enzymes in order to decipher the previously unknown order of DNA segments; the main difference between the two being the amount of DNA that comprises the final map. The unknown DNA is broken into many smaller fragments by these restriction enzymes at specific sites on the molecule, and then the fragments can later be analyzed by their individual sizes. A final long-range map can span hundreds to thousands of kilobytes of genetic data at many different loci.
The long-range maps cover very large genomics regions in order to display the physical relationship of DNA segments targeted by restriction enzymes. These restriction sites are an integral component to the formation of long-range mapping. Genetic linkage data can be combined with gel electrophoresis procedures to provide gene order as well as distance on chromosomes. To accomplish this, the genetic linkage information is used to create a theory-based hypothesis: one that can be tested with gel electrophoresis and extended DNA sequencing protocols.
Construction
The formation of a long-range restriction map is similar to a short-range map, but there is an increase in experimental complexity as the size of the genomic section increases. To begin this process, magnification of DNA quantity has to occur. Endonuclease-mediated long polymerase chain reactions allow for DNA fragments of up to 40 kb to be amplified. In some practices, two equivalents of DNA are restricted at one site, and a third equivalent is restricted in both of the sites. With enough purified plasmid DNA and digestive enzymes, the Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) process can begin: alternating voltages are combined with a standard gel electrophoresis that results in a much longer procedure. To run this gel effectively, the DNA of interest must be combined with specific rare-cutting restriction endonuclease. After running the gel and imaging it, usually in UV light, the size of the DNA fragments can be determined. So far this process is very similar to the short-range mapping technique.
After Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, a southern blotting technique is performed and detections of specific fragments using molecular probes occur to complete the production of large-scale restriction maps. The map is created via an elaborate and deductive process of interpreting data. From the PFGE and the southern blotting, an experimenter must analyze the molecular probes in order to find a descending number of similarities in a ranking of these fragments.
In some novel experiments the type of gel electrophoresis has been adapted to try and increase the resolution of genetic information. Capillary electrophoresis has been used in conjunction with laser-induced fluorescence detection to elevate the process of restriction mapping. This type of electrophoresis focuses on the specific charges of ions and their movement in an electrophoretic field instead of whole DNA fragments. The fluorescence of these atoms allows for visualization of atomic movement; essentially the process zooms in on the field of view of a standard gel electrophoresis.
Applications
These types of restriction maps can provide insight into the identification of genes in many disorders, eventually increasing the possibility of successful therapies. Duchenne muscular dystrophy, cystic fibrosis, and retinitis pigmentosa are a few of many genetic diseases that have benefited from the information restriction mapping has provided. The biochemical origins of these diseases, along with the majority of other genetic diseases, are unknown and this can hinder the progress of preventative or even symptomatic treatment. Knowing that mutation is the source of novel genetic variation, being able to connect the physical distance of these nucleotide changes with disease-linked structural novelties is the most pertinent application of long-range restriction mapping.
Even the study of illnesses that are not congenital have benefitted from long-range restriction mapping, specifically HPV-, HIV-, and certain hormone connected brain tumors. The organization that restriction mapping provides allows for novel experiments to draw connections between genetic disparities and life-afflicting diseases. Restriction mapping can often be cheaper than full genetic sequencing, allowing labs to visually represent aspects of the genome they might not otherwise have access to. Advancements in computer programming has allowed some automated software to produce potential restriction maps, forming another path to visualization when experimental costs get too high.
See also
Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, detailed methodology on this specific version of gel electrophoresis
References
Long-Range Restriction Mapping
Genomics techniques
Restriction enzymes |
```go
package main
const bannerTmpl = `
_________ __
/ ____/ (_)___ / /_
/ /_ / / / __ \/ __/
/ __/ / / / /_/ / /_
/_/ /_/_/ .___/\__/
/_/
{{if .Version}}Version: {{.Version}}{{end}}
Commit: {{.Commit}}
Build Date: {{.Date}}
Go Version: {{.GoVersion}}
OS/Arch: {{.GoOS}}/{{.GoArch}}
`
type bannerOpts struct {
Version string
Commit string
Date string
GoVersion string
GoOS string
GoArch string
}
``` |
Hu Zhengzhi or Hu Lin (1889 in Chengdu Sichuan – April 14, 1949 in Shanghai) was a Chinese newspaper publisher and political figure in Republican China. He is best known as the chief editor of the Ta Kung Pao from 1916 to 1923, then as its publisher until his death in 1949. He stood for an independent press and raised professional standards in journalism, but supported the Nationalist government's resistance to Japanese aggression in China, and tried to bridge the gap between the Chinese Communist and Nationalist parties after the war.
Hu Zhengzhi was the second of three brothers, the eldest of whom was Hu Xuanzhi. His second wife, Gu Junqi, was the niece of V.K. Wellington Koo. Hu Zhengzhi had five daughters and three sons. Except for Desheng who emigrated to the United States, his other children stayed in China after 1949. Hu Jisheng was the eldest son, the second was Hu Dongsheng; Hu Yan was the daughter of his first wife, while Hu Lan and Hu Desheng were born to Gu Shi.
Education and early career
After home education in the Chinese classics, Hu went on to a modern school, where he studied natural science and mathematics before going to Japan to study law. There he also met his future partners, Wu Dingchang (吴鼎昌 1884-1950) and Zhang Jiluan (张季鸾 1888–1941). When he returned to China in 1911, he passed the Shanghai bar and worked briefly for newspapers associated with Sun Yat-sen used his Japanese language ability as a translator for the Da Gonghe Bao. But when he became editor of the Ta Kung Pao in 1916, he became associated with the Anfu clique, which had just bought a controlling interest in the paper. In the following years he served briefly as a judge, then went to Beijing to teach law and report on events in the capital for the Shanghai papers. When the Japanese government presented the Twenty-One Demands to pressure China into allowing expanded Japanese control, Hu made exclusive reports for his papers using information from Japanese and English language sources.
In 1919 Ta Kung Pao financed a tour that took him to twenty countries. In Paris he covered the Peace Conference of 1919 and threw a reception for fellow journalists that included more than 130 guests from fifteen countries, a larger affair than even the Chinese embassy could host.
Career in journalism and politics
In 1926, Hu, Zhang Jiluan, and the banker Wu Dingchang bought all the shares in the paper. Zhang took the role of editor, and Hu was manager and deputy editor. Hu had taken subsidies from Wu, the Anfu Clique and the Nationalists but now wanted the paper to emulate the standards of the Times of London or Japan's Mainichi Shimbun. Wu, as the business head, also held that the paper had to maintain independent funding, talent, and joint efforts. They agreed on a "Four Nos Policy": "no party affiliation, no political endorsements, no self promotion, no ignorance". (budang, busi, bumai, bumang) Hu's social views were pro-Western and in line with the New Culture Movement's suspicion of traditional values, but Zhang's stance was more traditional.
Ta Kung Pao''' maintained a non-party stance but supported Chiang Kai-shek and the Northern Expedition that brought his Nationalist Party to power. The paper used its relatively safe location in Tianjin to write anti-imperialist and anti-warlord editorials as well as to criticize the new government in Nanjing and become an influential voice of liberal opinion. Hu fostered professional standards with generous salaries and profit sharing, recruiting new staff from reporters who had proved themselves at other agencies. He did not hire those with government or Nationalist Party affiliation, but a number of young reporters had left-wing connections or were even Communist Party members. Zhang Jiluan, whose sympathies were more conservative, however, kept good relations with Chiang Kai-shek, helping to keep the paper from being closed down.
Circulation grew under Hu's management and the editorship of Zhang Jiluan, but the paper was forced to move to Shanghai in 1936 to avoid Japanese control in Tianjin, then to Hankow in 1937, and Chongqing in 1939.He was appointed to the Chinese People's Political Consulative Conference in 1942 and was a member of a delegation to London in 1943, returning to China after a visit to the United States in 1944. After Zhang's death in 1941, Hu's position became more precarious and his politics more outspokenly liberal. He advocated a "constitutional style" of equality before the law, multi-party democracy, and government tolerance of opposition.
In April 1945, Hu attended the inaugural meeting of the United Nations in San Francisco as a representative of the Chinese press and a member of the Chinese delegation, and signed the United Nations He was a delegate to the Chinese People's Political Consulative Conference, held in Chongqing to try to bring the sides together and head off Civil War. After the Japanese surrender in August, Ta Kung Pao resumed publication in Shanghai and Tianjin, with Hu as chair of the Shanghai general management office. The Hong Kong edition resumed in 1948. The paper published an editorial, "The Liberals' Belief," (Ziyou zhuyizhe de xinnian'') opposing continuation of the Civil War and advocating the Third Way. But as the war continued and both Communist and Nationalist supporters attacked the paper, it shifted to a more left-wing stance.
Hu returned to Shanghai, where he died, April 14, 1949, a little more than a month before Communist forces took the city on May 25. After the founding of the People's Republic, Hu came under criticism as a liberal, first for accepting the equivalent of some $US200,000 in subsidies from the Nationalist government and second for his neutral stance.
Journalistic philosophy
Hu was very much aware of journalism's public responsibilities. As one historian puts it, Hu and such colleagues as Zhang Jiluan and Chen Bosheng felt that a reporter must "serve society," and that a journalist much must be both critic and a guide to society, taking on the role of the ancient Confucian tradition. In 1935 he looked back and told his readers that journalism was one of the tools of modern culture, and in China had developed in pretty much the same stages as abroad: from being supported by political patrons to being supported by the market; from literary essays by individual brilliant writers to plentiful and varied features written by stables of writers; from small-scale shops operated by a handful of overworked do-it-alls to a newsrooms made up of specialists; and a readership that had evolved from a small educated social élite toward a mass base. Hu put the question: “why does China have no public opinion?” His answer was that newspapers and magazines in the West were supported by advertisements for middle-class consumer goods, such as soap and home remedies, but the middle class in China was too small to support the independent press that created public opinion.
Notes
References
External links
"胡政之" Baike.com
1889 births
1949 deaths
Chinese journalists
20th-century Chinese writers
20th-century journalists |
Impresa Pizzarotti & C. S.p.A. is a construction and civil engineering company with its headquarters in the Italian city of Parma.
History
Impresa Pizzarotti & C. S.p.A. was founded in 1910 by Gino Pizzarotti and converted in 1945 into a limited liability company by Pietro Pizzarotti, father of the current chairman, Cav. Lav. Paolo Pizzarotti.
In 1961 it became a joint stock company with a share capital of 200 million euros, more recently increased to 300 million. It was from the end of the 1950s that the company consolidated its position in the construction sector, becoming one of the most important and skilled companies in the country; this came about through the completion of large public and infrastructure works on behalf of both state bodies and the largest private companies in Italy.
The company TEMPhas always targeted ongoing development in the civil works carried out for thermo-electrical and nuclear power stations, roads and motorways, civil and military airports, irrigation and hydraulic engineering works, dykes, industrial infrastructure, railway construction, and prison construction work; the same can be said of the reconstruction work in the areas struck by the 1980 Irpinia earthquake, where it was involved in the building of dwellings, schools, and infrastructure of various kinds.
The Pizzarotti Group, which TEMPhas always retained its head office in Parma, today consists of a number of companies operating in total synergy in the infrastructure, energy and environment, hydraulic engineering, civil and military airport, building, construction and real estate main sectors.weawdasd
Mipien S.p.A. is the holding company of Impresa Pizzarotti & C. S.p.A. and holds 96,77% of its shares. It is a service company for the companies of the Group and holds investments strategic to the Group's activity.
As of December 31, 2014, Mipien S.p.A. revenues summed to 1.14 billion euros, with a gross operating margin of 141,6 million euros and a gross ebidta of 12,4%.
Operations
Impresa Pizzarotti & C. S.p.A. is amongst the leading Italian and European construction sector companies operating in the design and construction of major civil and infrastructure works, such as buildings, hospitals, roads and motorways, rail works and underground works.
Transport infrastructure (roads, motorways, railways, underground railways, airports and ports) are Pizzarotti Group's primary area of activity, both in Italy and abroad.
The commitment and ability to carry out major projects led to the company successfully establishing itself abroad, where it has been operating since the seventies. As at 31 December 2011 turnover in the infrastructure and operating sector in Italy and abroad totaled 734 million euros, equal to 68% of the 2011 consolidated turnover.
In 2017, Engineering News-Record's Top 250 International Contractors report ranked Impresa Pizzarotti #121, jumping from #178 in 2016.
Pizzarotti is organized into the following main business areas: Infrastructure, Building Sector, Energy Sector, Real Estate Sector, Prefabricated construction, and Concessions.
In early 2017, Enrica, Pietro and Michele Pizzarotti, daughter and sons of Impresa Pizzarotti & C.'s Chairman Mr. Paolo Pizzarotti, themselves involved on different level in the family company, gave birth to Fondazione Pizzarotti, a private No Profit Charity Foundation aimed to support disadvantaged childhood, social development, culture, environment and education in Italy and overseas.
Financial data
In 2019, revenues were €1.299 billion and the financial year ended with a loss of €9.9 million.
In 2020, revenues were €973.599 million and the financial year ended with a loss of €106.143 million.
See also
List of Italian companies
References
External links
Impresa Pizzarotti official website
Fondazione Pizzarotti official website
Construction and civil engineering companies of Italy
Charities based in Italy
Companies based in Parma
Construction and civil engineering companies established in 1910
Italian companies established in 1910 |
Nimdur (, also Romanized as Nīmdūr and Nīm Dowr) is a village in Boyer Ahmad-e Garmsiri Rural District, in the Central District of Gachsaran County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 52, in 14 families.
References
Populated places in Gachsaran County |
Okpometa is an arrondissement in the Plateau department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Kétou. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 7,822.
References
Populated places in the Plateau Department
Arrondissements of Benin |
Edward Bernard Collins (January 30, 1883 – September 2, 1940) was an American actor, comedian and singer. He is best remembered for voicing Dopey in Disney's Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937) and for portraying Tylo in the Shirley Temple film The Blue Bird (1940).
Career
He began working in vaudeville in 1905 and started working in burlesque around 1925. An animator for Walt Disney Productions saw him in a burlesque show and suggested that Disney hire him as a live-action reference model for Dopey in Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937). In the film, Dopey is clumsy and mute, with Happy explaining that he has simply "never tried". In the movie's trailer, Walt Disney describes Dopey as "nice, but sort of silly". In addition to providing Dopey's vocalizations, Collins also recorded sneezing sounds for the film's chipmunk and squirrel characters. After completing his work for the film, Disney wrote a letter to the casting director of 20th Century-Fox and Collins was put under contract to the studio. Collins appeared in twenty-five films.
Next to Dopey, Collins's most-beloved role is that of Tylo, a dog who is magically transformed into a human, in The Blue Bird (1940). Upon being transformed, Tylo follows his mistress Mytyl (Shirley Temple) on a quest to find the famed "Bluebird of happiness". Collins's interpretation of Tylo is that of an easily spooked, but loyal companion who will do anything for those he loves. He died of a heart attack on September 2, 1940, just weeks after the premiere of his last film The Return of Frank James.
Filmography
Diamond Jim (1935) as Bicycle Act (film debut) (uncredited)
Married Before Breakfast (1937) as Tramp at Fire (uncredited)
Ali Baba Goes to Town (1937) as Arab (uncredited)
Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937) as Dopey (vocal effects and live-action reference only, uncredited)
In Old Chicago (1937) as Drunk
Penrod and His Twin Brother (1938) as Captain
Sally, Irene and Mary (1938) as Ship's Captain
Kentucky Moonshine (1938) as 'Spats' Swanson
Alexander's Ragtime Band (1938) as Corporal Collins
Josette (1938) as Customs Inspector (uncredited)
Little Miss Broadway (1938) as Band member
Down on the Farm (1938) as Cyrus Sampson
Always in Trouble (1938) as Uncle Ed Darlington
Up the River (1938) as Fisheye Conroy
Charlie Chan in Honolulu (1939) as Al Hogan
Young Mr. Lincoln (1939) as Efe Turner
Charlie Chan in Reno (1939) as The Gabby Cabbie
News Is Made at Night (1939) as Billiard
Quick Millions (1939) as Henry 'Beaver' Howard
Stop, Look and Love (1939) as Dinty
Hollywood Cavalcade (1939) as Keystone Cop Driver
Drums Along the Mohawk (1939) as Christian Reall
Heaven with a Barbed Wire Fence (1939) as Bill
The Blue Bird (1940) as Tylo
The Return of Frank James (1940) as Station agent at Eldora (final film role)
References
External links
Literature on Eddie Collins
1883 births
1940 deaths
American male comedians
American male voice actors
Vaudeville performers
20th-century American male actors
Musicians from Atlantic City, New Jersey
Male actors from New Jersey
20th-century American comedians |
```ruby
# frozen_string_literal: true
module RBS
module Test
class Tester
attr_reader :env
attr_reader :targets
attr_reader :instance_testers
attr_reader :singleton_testers
def initialize(env:)
@env = env
@targets = []
@instance_testers = {}
@singleton_testers = {}
end
def factory
@factory ||= Factory.new
end
def builder
@builder ||= DefinitionBuilder.new(env: env)
end
def skip_method?(type_name, method)
if method.implemented_in == type_name
if method.annotations.any? {|a| a.string == "rbs:test:skip" }
:skip
else
false
end
else
if method.annotations.any? {|a| a.string == "rbs:test:target" }
false
else
:implemented_in
end
end
end
def install!(klass, sample_size:, unchecked_classes:)
RBS.logger.info { "Installing runtime type checker in #{klass}..." }
type_name = factory.type_name(klass.name).absolute!
builder.build_instance(type_name).tap do |definition|
instance_key = new_key(type_name, "InstanceChecker")
tester, set = instance_testers[klass] ||= [
MethodCallTester.new(klass, builder, definition, kind: :instance, sample_size: sample_size, unchecked_classes: unchecked_classes),
Set[]
]
Observer.register(instance_key, tester)
definition.methods.each do |name, method|
if reason = skip_method?(type_name, method)
unless reason == :implemented_in
RBS.logger.info { "Skipping ##{name} because of `#{reason}`..." }
end
else
if !set.include?(name) && (
name == :initialize ||
klass.instance_methods(false).include?(name) ||
klass.private_instance_methods(false).include?(name))
RBS.logger.info { "Setting up method hook in ##{name}..." }
Hook.hook_instance_method klass, name, key: instance_key
set << name
end
end
end
end
builder.build_singleton(type_name).tap do |definition|
singleton_key = new_key(type_name, "SingletonChecker")
tester, set = singleton_testers[klass] ||= [
MethodCallTester.new(klass.singleton_class, builder, definition, kind: :singleton, sample_size: sample_size, unchecked_classes: unchecked_classes),
Set[]
]
Observer.register(singleton_key, tester)
definition.methods.each do |name, method|
if reason = skip_method?(type_name, method)
unless reason == :implemented_in
RBS.logger.info { "Skipping .#{name} because of `#{reason}`..." }
end
else
if klass.methods(false).include?(name) && !set.include?(name)
RBS.logger.info { "Setting up method hook in .#{name}..." }
Hook.hook_singleton_method klass, name, key: singleton_key
set << name
end
end
end
end
targets << klass
end
def new_key(type_name, prefix)
"#{prefix}__#{type_name}__#{SecureRandom.hex(10)}"
end
class TypeError < Exception
attr_reader :errors
def initialize(errors)
@errors = errors
super "TypeError: #{errors.map {|e| Errors.to_string(e) }.join(", ")}"
end
end
class MethodCallTester
attr_reader :self_class
attr_reader :definition
attr_reader :builder
attr_reader :kind
attr_reader :sample_size
attr_reader :unchecked_classes
def initialize(self_class, builder, definition, kind:, sample_size:, unchecked_classes:)
@self_class = self_class
@definition = definition
@builder = builder
@kind = kind
@sample_size = sample_size
@unchecked_classes = unchecked_classes
end
def env
builder.env
end
def check
@check ||= TypeCheck.new(self_class: self_class, builder: builder, sample_size: sample_size, unchecked_classes: unchecked_classes)
end
def format_method_name(name)
case kind
when :instance
"##{name}"
when :singleton
".#{name}"
end
end
def call(receiver, trace)
method_name = trace.method_name
method = definition.methods[method_name]
if method
RBS.logger.debug { "Type checking `#{self_class}#{format_method_name(method_name)}`..."}
errors = check.overloaded_call(method, format_method_name(method_name), trace, errors: [])
if errors.empty?
RBS.logger.debug { "No type error detected " }
else
RBS.logger.debug { "Detected type error " }
raise TypeError.new(errors)
end
else
RBS.logger.error { "Type checking `#{self_class}#{method_name}` call but no method found in definition" }
end
end
end
end
end
end
``` |
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<h3 class="section">7.10 CFI directives</h3>
<h4 class="subsection">7.10.1 <code>.cfi_sections </code><var>section_list</var></h4>
<p><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007bcfi_005fsections_007d-directive-299"></a><code>.cfi_sections</code> may be used to specify whether CFI directives
should emit <code>.eh_frame</code> section and/or <code>.debug_frame</code> section.
If <var>section_list</var> is <code>.eh_frame</code>, <code>.eh_frame</code> is emitted,
if <var>section_list</var> is <code>.debug_frame</code>, <code>.debug_frame</code> is emitted.
To emit both use <code>.eh_frame, .debug_frame</code>. The default if this
directive is not used is <code>.cfi_sections .eh_frame</code>.
<p>On targets that support compact unwinding tables these can be generated
by specifying <code>.eh_frame_entry</code> instead of <code>.eh_frame</code>.
<h4 class="subsection">7.10.2 <code>.cfi_startproc [simple]</code></h4>
<p><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007bcfi_005fstartproc_007d-directive-300"></a><code>.cfi_startproc</code> is used at the beginning of each function that
should have an entry in <code>.eh_frame</code>. It initializes some internal
data structures. Don't forget to close the function by
<code>.cfi_endproc</code>.
<p>Unless <code>.cfi_startproc</code> is used along with parameter <code>simple</code>
it also emits some architecture dependent initial CFI instructions.
<h4 class="subsection">7.10.3 <code>.cfi_endproc</code></h4>
<p><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007bcfi_005fendproc_007d-directive-301"></a><code>.cfi_endproc</code> is used at the end of a function where it closes its
unwind entry previously opened by
<code>.cfi_startproc</code>, and emits it to <code>.eh_frame</code>.
<h4 class="subsection">7.10.4 <code>.cfi_personality </code><var>encoding</var><code> [, </code><var>exp</var><code>]</code></h4>
<p><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007bcfi_005fpersonality_007d-directive-302"></a><code>.cfi_personality</code> defines personality routine and its encoding.
<var>encoding</var> must be a constant determining how the personality
should be encoded. If it is 255 (<code>DW_EH_PE_omit</code>), second
argument is not present, otherwise second argument should be
a constant or a symbol name. When using indirect encodings,
the symbol provided should be the location where personality
can be loaded from, not the personality routine itself.
The default after <code>.cfi_startproc</code> is <code>.cfi_personality 0xff</code>,
no personality routine.
<h4 class="subsection">7.10.5 <code>.cfi_personality_id </code><var>id</var></h4>
<p><a name=your_sha256_hash-303"></a><code>cfi_personality_id</code> defines a personality routine by its index as
defined in a compact unwinding format.
Only valid when generating compact EH frames (i.e.
with <code>.cfi_sections eh_frame_entry</code>.
<h4 class="subsection">7.10.6 <code>.cfi_fde_data [</code><var>opcode1</var><code> [, ...]]</code></h4>
<p><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007bcfi_005ffde_005fdata_007d-directive-304"></a><code>cfi_fde_data</code> is used to describe the compact unwind opcodes to be
used for the current function. These are emitted inline in the
<code>.eh_frame_entry</code> section if small enough and there is no LSDA, or
in the <code>.gnu.extab</code> section otherwise.
Only valid when generating compact EH frames (i.e.
with <code>.cfi_sections eh_frame_entry</code>.
<h4 class="subsection">7.10.7 <code>.cfi_lsda </code><var>encoding</var><code> [, </code><var>exp</var><code>]</code></h4>
<p><code>.cfi_lsda</code> defines LSDA and its encoding.
<var>encoding</var> must be a constant determining how the LSDA
should be encoded. If it is 255 (<code>DW_EH_PE_omit</code>), the second
argument is not present, otherwise the second argument should be a constant
or a symbol name. The default after <code>.cfi_startproc</code> is <code>.cfi_lsda 0xff</code>,
meaning that no LSDA is present.
<h4 class="subsection">7.10.8 <code>.cfi_inline_lsda</code> [<var>align</var>]</h4>
<p><code>.cfi_inline_lsda</code> marks the start of a LSDA data section and
switches to the corresponding <code>.gnu.extab</code> section.
Must be preceded by a CFI block containing a <code>.cfi_lsda</code> directive.
Only valid when generating compact EH frames (i.e.
with <code>.cfi_sections eh_frame_entry</code>.
<p>The table header and unwinding opcodes will be generated at this point,
so that they are immediately followed by the LSDA data. The symbol
referenced by the <code>.cfi_lsda</code> directive should still be defined
in case a fallback FDE based encoding is used. The LSDA data is terminated
by a section directive.
<p>The optional <var>align</var> argument specifies the alignment required.
The alignment is specified as a power of two, as with the
<code>.p2align</code> directive.
<h4 class="subsection">7.10.9 <code>.cfi_def_cfa </code><var>register</var><code>, </code><var>offset</var></h4>
<p><code>.cfi_def_cfa</code> defines a rule for computing CFA as: <i>take
address from </i><var>register</var><i> and add </i><var>offset</var><i> to it</i>.
<h4 class="subsection">7.10.10 <code>.cfi_def_cfa_register </code><var>register</var></h4>
<p><code>.cfi_def_cfa_register</code> modifies a rule for computing CFA. From
now on <var>register</var> will be used instead of the old one. Offset
remains the same.
<h4 class="subsection">7.10.11 <code>.cfi_def_cfa_offset </code><var>offset</var></h4>
<p><code>.cfi_def_cfa_offset</code> modifies a rule for computing CFA. Register
remains the same, but <var>offset</var> is new. Note that it is the
absolute offset that will be added to a defined register to compute
CFA address.
<h4 class="subsection">7.10.12 <code>.cfi_adjust_cfa_offset </code><var>offset</var></h4>
<p>Same as <code>.cfi_def_cfa_offset</code> but <var>offset</var> is a relative
value that is added/substracted from the previous offset.
<h4 class="subsection">7.10.13 <code>.cfi_offset </code><var>register</var><code>, </code><var>offset</var></h4>
<p>Previous value of <var>register</var> is saved at offset <var>offset</var> from
CFA.
<h4 class="subsection">7.10.14 <code>.cfi_rel_offset </code><var>register</var><code>, </code><var>offset</var></h4>
<p>Previous value of <var>register</var> is saved at offset <var>offset</var> from
the current CFA register. This is transformed to <code>.cfi_offset</code>
using the known displacement of the CFA register from the CFA.
This is often easier to use, because the number will match the
code it's annotating.
<h4 class="subsection">7.10.15 <code>.cfi_register </code><var>register1</var><code>, </code><var>register2</var></h4>
<p>Previous value of <var>register1</var> is saved in register <var>register2</var>.
<h4 class="subsection">7.10.16 <code>.cfi_restore </code><var>register</var></h4>
<p><code>.cfi_restore</code> says that the rule for <var>register</var> is now the
same as it was at the beginning of the function, after all initial
instruction added by <code>.cfi_startproc</code> were executed.
<h4 class="subsection">7.10.17 <code>.cfi_undefined </code><var>register</var></h4>
<p>From now on the previous value of <var>register</var> can't be restored anymore.
<h4 class="subsection">7.10.18 <code>.cfi_same_value </code><var>register</var></h4>
<p>Current value of <var>register</var> is the same like in the previous frame,
i.e. no restoration needed.
<h4 class="subsection">7.10.19 <code>.cfi_remember_state</code>,</h4>
<p>First save all current rules for all registers by <code>.cfi_remember_state</code>,
then totally screw them up by subsequent <code>.cfi_*</code> directives and when
everything is hopelessly bad, use <code>.cfi_restore_state</code> to restore
the previous saved state.
<h4 class="subsection">7.10.20 <code>.cfi_return_column </code><var>register</var></h4>
<p>Change return column <var>register</var>, i.e. the return address is either
directly in <var>register</var> or can be accessed by rules for <var>register</var>.
<h4 class="subsection">7.10.21 <code>.cfi_signal_frame</code></h4>
<p>Mark current function as signal trampoline.
<h4 class="subsection">7.10.22 <code>.cfi_window_save</code></h4>
<p>SPARC register window has been saved.
<h4 class="subsection">7.10.23 <code>.cfi_escape</code> <var>expression</var>[, <small class="dots">...</small>]</h4>
<p>Allows the user to add arbitrary bytes to the unwind info. One
might use this to add OS-specific CFI opcodes, or generic CFI
opcodes that GAS does not yet support.
<h4 class="subsection">7.10.24 <code>.cfi_val_encoded_addr </code><var>register</var><code>, </code><var>encoding</var><code>, </code><var>label</var></h4>
<p>The current value of <var>register</var> is <var>label</var>. The value of <var>label</var>
will be encoded in the output file according to <var>encoding</var>; see the
description of <code>.cfi_personality</code> for details on this encoding.
<p>The usefulness of equating a register to a fixed label is probably
limited to the return address register. Here, it can be useful to
mark a code segment that has only one return address which is reached
by a direct branch and no copy of the return address exists in memory
or another register.
</body></html>
``` |
Absam is a municipality in the Innsbruck-Land District, Tyrol (Austria) situated at an altitude of 632 m, which had an area of 51.92 km2 and 6,776 inhabitants as January 2015.
Geography
Absam is 15 km from Innsbruck, in the lower Inn Valley (Unterinntal), at the slopes of the Zunterkopf Haller group, north of Hall in Tirol to which is connected with the regional road (Landesstraße) L 225, while the L 372 is the road connecting with Innsbruck via Mühlau, Arzl, Rum and Thaur.
It is possible to reach the village by using bus lines D and E from Innsbruck.
The highest point in the municipality is the summit of Große Bettelwurf at altitude of 2775 m.
The neighbour municipalities are: Baumkirchen, Fritzens, Gnadenwald, Hall in Tirol, Innsbruck, Mils, Tyrol, Scharnitz, Thaur, Vomp.
History
Origin
The origin of a prehistoric settlement in Absam is not sure, although a disk pommel of a sword and a brooch of copper were found there dating to 1500 BC. Traces of Roman settlements have not been found, a coin dating from the time of Diocletian has been discovered, though the Romans had conquered the Tyrol in 15 AD. The place names were of the Roman period, including "Abazanes", which became Absam. Abazanes was mentioned for the first time in 995, in a document kept in the records of the Diocese of Brixen; at that time the Bishop of Augsburg was the owner of most of the land in the region, which was administered by the Maierhof. The village, in 1282, belonged to the parish of Thaur that covered the entire region. In 1288 the name "Abzan" appeared in the register of the lands of Meinhard, Duke of Carinthia, and in the fourteenth century Absam was cited 14 times in the documents including a citation, on September 21, 1331, concerning the appointment of church to parish, until then affiliated with Thaur.
Absam is located in the area, along with Hall in Tirol and Thaur, of a salt mine, a source of income for the sovereign of the time. The documents reported the beginning of the mining in 1232. Between the sixteenth and seventeenth century the production of salt culminated, so that in 1615 were 547 workers employed in the extraction which, benefiting from a good salary, contributed to the development of trade in the village. At the same time there was a decisive step towards the industrialization of Absam, due to the energy produced by the stream Baubach, with the opening of sawmills, forges and mills and the development of coppersmith crafts, so that the firm of Oswald Kofler provided for the production of fifteen thousand sheets of copper for the roof of the church of Schwaz. In 1809 during the Tyrolean Rebellion 73 shooters of Absam joined the Tyrolean troops under the command of Josef Speckbacher.
In 1845, Absam, opened his first factory, spinning and weaving company Faistenberger, followed by others including a foundry, chocolate, boot and paint factories and a metal carpentry, aiding industrial development while mining, because of new extraction techniques and lower world prices, was in decline. As result mining in Tyrol closed on September 5, 1967. The Swarovski company moved to Absam the Optik department in 1949 in the neighbourhood of Eichat where, during the last war, the Wehrmacht built a barracks.
Population
Coat-of-arms
The emblem of Absam is quartered. The first depicts the face of the Virgin Mary, symbolizing the divine appearance in 1797, the remaining part has been a violin on gold background, in memory of the luthier Jakobus Stainer, who lived in Absam. The emblem was adopted on July 20, 1965.
Sights
Religious architecture
Basilica of St. Michael the Archangel
The first documented mention of the church of St. Michael the Archangel, as parish of Absam, dates back to September 21, 1331 by decree of the Bishop of Brixen Heinrich von Taufers. In 1413, with the invasion of the Bavarii, the church was destroyed; in 1420 under the leadership of Hans Sewer from Hall in Tirol, the reconstruction began, in late Gothic style with three naves and columns, which was completed in 1440 .
Two works of art date from this period: an altarpiece of 1470 in late Gothic style, discovered during the restoration of 1930, depicting the Madonna with four women and a crucifix, said Fiegersche, dating to 1492. During the 1670 earthquake that struck the valley, the bell tower was damaged. It was rebuilt in 1677, replacing the pyramid roof with a dome. In 1871, the church roof was covered with copper plates. In 1776 the church was appointed as a curacy and in 1779 it was renovated internally in the Rococo style with frescoes by Josef Anton Zoller.
Miraculous Windowpane of Absam
On 24 June 1797 the image of the Virgin Mary, which appeared on the glass window of the peasant Rosina Buecher’s house on January 17, 1797, was transferred to the church; the church was then called Maria Absam Sanctuary.
On June 24, 2000, the day of St. John the Baptist and the village's second patron saint, the church was proclaimed a Basilica, although there had been no petition for such a change by the community. It thus became the first sanctuary without a monastery in Tyrol to get this designation.
Notable people
Josef Feistmantl (born 1939): luger
Franz Fischler (born 1946): politician
Jacob Stainer: (born 1619): luthier
Max Weiler (born 1910): painter
Economy
Industries
Absam is home to the Swarovski Optik KG founded in 1935 by Wilhelm Swarovski; having developed a process of smoothing lenses and prisms, he applied it to the production of binoculars. The first serial product, "Habicht 7 x 42" is still in production and used mainly in the hunting optics. Swarovski Optik also manufactures telescopes, rifle scopes, optronic instruments, range finders and image intensifier tubes.
References
External links
Official Website of Absam
Region Hall-Wattens: Absam
Tiroler Fachberufsschule für Tourismus Absam
Cities and towns in Innsbruck-Land District |
is a former Japanese football player and manager.
Playing career
Yamada was born in Numazu on February 21, 1961. After graduating from Kokushikan University, he joined Honda in 1983. He retired in 1990.
Coaching career
After retirement, Yamada coached at Honda from 1990 to 1992. In 1992, he moved to Yamaha Motors (later Júbilo Iwata) and coached until 2001. In 2002, he moved to Shonan Bellmare. In May 2003, he became manager as Samir's successor and managed until July 2004. In 2010, he signed with Vanraure Hachinohe and managed until 2014.
Managerial statistics
References
External links
1961 births
Living people
Kokushikan University alumni
Association football people from Shizuoka Prefecture
Japanese men's footballers
Japan Soccer League players
Honda FC players
Japanese football managers
J2 League managers
Shonan Bellmare managers
Vanraure Hachinohe managers
Men's association football midfielders |
Andrey Viktorovich Gurulyov (; born 16 October 1967, Moscow) is a deputy of the 8th State Duma for the United Russia faction, and a former deputy Commander of the Southern Military District of the Russian military.
Biography
Military career
Gurulyov graduated from the Moscow Higher Combined Arms Command School in 1988, beginning his active service in July of that year as a weapons and equipment training platoon commander at the 469th District Training Center in Kuybyshev. He was transferred to the Western Group of Forces in Germany in June 1991, and his unit was withdrawn to Samara in 1994. Gurulyov entered the Combined Arms Academy in July 1998, and was sent to gain combat experience in the Second Chechen War in 1999. Returning to the academy, he graduated in 2000 and in June of that year was appointed chief of staff of the 382nd Motor Rifle Regiment of the 122nd Guards Motor Rifle Division at Dauriya. He was transferred to serve as chief of staff of the 272nd Motor Rifle Regiment of the 131st Guards Motor Rifle Division at Borzya in June 2001. Gurulyov became commander of this regiment in June 2002 and rose to serve as 131st Division chief of staff at Yasnaya in December 2003. He was appointed commander of the 5th Guards Tank Division at Kyakhta in March 2006, and promoted to major general in 2007. Gurulyov commanded the division until June 2008, after which he entered the Military Academy of the General Staff, and on graduation in 2010 was appointed chief of staff of the 58th Combined Arms Army of the Southern Military District, and in January 2012 was appointed commander of the same army.In 2013 he was charged with abuse of power after forging orders and putting two conscripts into "labor slavery". The charges were dropped in 2014 because of the statute of limitations. Allegedly the object of the scheme was to furnish Lieutenant general Nikolai Pereslegin with servants and Pereslegin's daughter, whose company actively participates in bidding and receives government contracts, furnished the appropriate cover with the civilian labour authorities.
In 2014-15 Gurulyov was responsible for the 12th reserve command, whose sphere of activities under the 58th was to increase the territory of the Luhansk People's Republic and the Donetsk People's Republic.
From August 2016 to January 2019, Gurulyov served as Deputy Commander of the Southern Military District, and took part in the Russian military intervention in the Syrian civil war.
Administrative and political career
In 2019 he left the military service and was appointed Deputy Governor of Zabaykalsky Krai.
Since September 2021, he has served as a deputy of the 8th State Duma for Putin's United Russia party.
During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, he made it clear that in case of a world war, Russia would bomb London before Warsaw, Paris or Berlin.
In 2022 in an intercepted telephone conversation at 8:00 on 28 February 2022 he yearned to
On 30 August 2022 Gurulyov "encouraged Putin's regime to launch missile strikes on the British Isles", and said that "would be the end of the British Crown."
On 2 October 2022 he was talking about "system of lies going from top to bottom" and was suddenly disconnected from Skype.
In April 2023, he came up with the idea that Putin's regime should reintroduce the Stalinist terror of the 1930s against the "enemies of the people" inside Russia.
On 26 May 2023, he suggested that Russia doesn't need to attack the US state Texas, and should instead focus on Alaska.
In response to the Wagner Group rebellion, Gurulyov said: "I am firmly convinced that during wartime, traitors have to be destroyed! Today, no matter who says what, whatever fairy tales they are telling, a bullet to the forehead is the sole salvation for Yevgeny Prigozhin."
In July 2023, Gurulyov published a voice message by Major General Ivan Popov, who commanded the 58th Combined Arms Army. The general claimed that he had been dismissed after describing the situation at the front to his superiors.
Sanctions
Sanctioned by the UK government in 2022 in relation to Russo-Ukrainian War.
Gurulyov is one of the members of the State Duma the United States Treasury sanctioned on 24 March 2022 in response to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.
References
External links
1967 births
Living people
Military personnel from Moscow
Politicians from Moscow
United Russia politicians
Russian nationalists
Russian conspiracy theorists
21st-century Russian politicians
Russian individuals subject to United Kingdom sanctions
Eighth convocation members of the State Duma (Russian Federation)
Russian individuals subject to the U.S. Department of the Treasury sanctions
Recipients of the Order of Courage (Russia) |
```rust
/*
*
* This software may be used and distributed according to the terms of the
*/
use std::borrow::Cow;
use anyhow::Context;
use anyhow::Result;
pub fn hostname() -> String {
if std::env::var_os("TESTTMP").is_some() || cfg!(test) {
// Doesn't seem like we want to use the real hostname in tests.
// Also, this may fix some debugruntest issues on mac due to whoami issues.
"test-hostname".to_owned()
} else {
std::env::var_os(if cfg!(windows) {
"COMPUTERNAME"
} else if cfg!(macos) {
"HOST"
} else {
"HOSTNAME"
})
.map_or(None, |h| h.to_str().map(|s| s.to_string()))
.unwrap_or("".to_owned())
}
}
pub fn username() -> Result<String> {
if std::env::var_os("TESTTMP").is_some() || cfg!(test) {
Ok("test".to_owned())
} else {
std::env::var_os(if cfg!(windows) { "USERNAME" } else { "USER" })
.context("to get username")
.map(|k| k.to_string_lossy().to_string())
}
}
pub fn shell_escape(args: &[String]) -> String {
args.iter()
.map(|a| shell_escape::escape(Cow::Borrowed(a.as_str())))
.collect::<Vec<_>>()
.join(" ")
}
``` |
```c++
// -*- mode:c++; tab-width:2; indent-tabs-mode:nil; c-basic-offset:2 -*-
/*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
#include <zxing/ZXing.h>
#include <zxing/oned/ITFReader.h>
#include <zxing/oned/OneDResultPoint.h>
#include <zxing/common/Array.h>
#include <zxing/ReaderException.h>
#include <zxing/FormatException.h>
#include <zxing/NotFoundException.h>
#include <math.h>
using std::vector;
using zxing::Ref;
using zxing::ArrayRef;
using zxing::Array;
using zxing::Result;
using zxing::FormatException;
using zxing::NotFoundException;
using zxing::oned::ITFReader;
// VC++
using zxing::BitArray;
const float ITFReader::MAX_AVG_VARIANCE = 0.38f;
const float ITFReader::MAX_INDIVIDUAL_VARIANCE = 0.78f;
#define VECTOR_INIT(v) v, v + sizeof(v)/sizeof(v[0])
namespace {
const int W = 3; // Pixel width of a wide line
const int N = 1; // Pixed width of a narrow line
const int DEFAULT_ALLOWED_LENGTHS_[] =
{ 48, 44, 24, 20, 18, 16, 14, 12, 10, 8, 6 };
const ArrayRef<int> DEFAULT_ALLOWED_LENGTHS (new Array<int>(VECTOR_INIT(DEFAULT_ALLOWED_LENGTHS_)));
/**
* Start/end guard pattern.
*
* Note: The end pattern is reversed because the row is reversed before
* searching for the END_PATTERN
*/
const int START_PATTERN_[] = {N, N, N, N};
const vector<int> START_PATTERN (VECTOR_INIT(START_PATTERN_));
const int END_PATTERN_REVERSED_[] = {N, N, W};
const vector<int> END_PATTERN_REVERSED (VECTOR_INIT(END_PATTERN_REVERSED_));
/**
* Patterns of Wide / Narrow lines to indicate each digit
*/
const int PATTERNS[][5] = {
{N, N, W, W, N}, // 0
{W, N, N, N, W}, // 1
{N, W, N, N, W}, // 2
{W, W, N, N, N}, // 3
{N, N, W, N, W}, // 4
{W, N, W, N, N}, // 5
{N, W, W, N, N}, // 6
{N, N, N, W, W}, // 7
{W, N, N, W, N}, // 8
{N, W, N, W, N} // 9
};
}
ITFReader::ITFReader() : narrowLineWidth(-1) {
}
Ref<Result> ITFReader::decodeRow(int rowNumber, Ref<BitArray> row) {
// Find out where the Middle section (payload) starts & ends
Range startRange = decodeStart(row);
Range endRange = decodeEnd(row);
std::string result;
decodeMiddle(row, startRange[1], endRange[0], result);
Ref<String> resultString(new String(result));
ArrayRef<int> allowedLengths;
// Java hints stuff missing
if (!allowedLengths) {
allowedLengths = DEFAULT_ALLOWED_LENGTHS;
}
// To avoid false positives with 2D barcodes (and other patterns), make
// an assumption that the decoded string must be 6, 10 or 14 digits.
int length = resultString->size();
bool lengthOK = false;
for (int i = 0, e = allowedLengths->size(); i < e; i++) {
if (length == allowedLengths[i]) {
lengthOK = true;
break;
}
}
if (!lengthOK) {
throw FormatException();
}
ArrayRef< Ref<ResultPoint> > resultPoints(2);
resultPoints[0] =
Ref<OneDResultPoint>(new OneDResultPoint(float(startRange[1]), float(rowNumber)));
resultPoints[1] =
Ref<OneDResultPoint>(new OneDResultPoint(float(endRange[0]), float(rowNumber)));
return Ref<Result>(new Result(resultString, ArrayRef<char>(), resultPoints, BarcodeFormat::ITF));
}
/**
* @param row row of black/white values to search
* @param payloadStart offset of start pattern
* @param resultString {@link StringBuffer} to append decoded chars to
* @throws ReaderException if decoding could not complete successfully
*/
void ITFReader::decodeMiddle(Ref<BitArray> row,
int payloadStart,
int payloadEnd,
std::string& resultString) {
// Digits are interleaved in pairs - 5 black lines for one digit, and the
// 5
// interleaved white lines for the second digit.
// Therefore, need to scan 10 lines and then
// split these into two arrays
vector<int> counterDigitPair(10, 0);
vector<int> counterBlack(5, 0);
vector<int> counterWhite(5, 0);
while (payloadStart < payloadEnd) {
// Get 10 runs of black/white.
recordPattern(row, payloadStart, counterDigitPair);
// Split them into each array
for (int k = 0; k < 5; k++) {
int twoK = 2 * k;
counterBlack[k] = counterDigitPair[twoK];
counterWhite[k] = counterDigitPair[twoK + 1];
}
int bestMatch = decodeDigit(counterBlack);
resultString.append(1, (char) ('0' + bestMatch));
bestMatch = decodeDigit(counterWhite);
resultString.append(1, (char) ('0' + bestMatch));
for (int i = 0, e = counterDigitPair.size(); i < e; i++) {
payloadStart += counterDigitPair[i];
}
}
}
/**
* Identify where the start of the middle / payload section starts.
*
* @param row row of black/white values to search
* @return Array, containing index of start of 'start block' and end of
* 'start block'
* @throws ReaderException
*/
ITFReader::Range ITFReader::decodeStart(Ref<BitArray> row) {
int endStart = skipWhiteSpace(row);
Range startPattern = findGuardPattern(row, endStart, START_PATTERN);
// Determine the width of a narrow line in pixels. We can do this by
// getting the width of the start pattern and dividing by 4 because its
// made up of 4 narrow lines.
narrowLineWidth = (startPattern[1] - startPattern[0]) / 4;
validateQuietZone(row, startPattern[0]);
return startPattern;
}
/**
* Identify where the end of the middle / payload section ends.
*
* @param row row of black/white values to search
* @return Array, containing index of start of 'end block' and end of 'end
* block'
* @throws ReaderException
*/
ITFReader::Range ITFReader::decodeEnd(Ref<BitArray> row) {
// For convenience, reverse the row and then
// search from 'the start' for the end block
BitArray::Reverse r (row);
int endStart = skipWhiteSpace(row);
Range endPattern = findGuardPattern(row, endStart, END_PATTERN_REVERSED);
// The start & end patterns must be pre/post fixed by a quiet zone. This
// zone must be at least 10 times the width of a narrow line.
// ref: path_to_url
validateQuietZone(row, endPattern[0]);
// Now recalculate the indices of where the 'endblock' starts & stops to
// accommodate
// the reversed nature of the search
int temp = endPattern[0];
endPattern[0] = row->getSize() - endPattern[1];
endPattern[1] = row->getSize() - temp;
return endPattern;
}
/**
* The start & end patterns must be pre/post fixed by a quiet zone. This
* zone must be at least 10 times the width of a narrow line. Scan back until
* we either get to the start of the barcode or match the necessary number of
* quiet zone pixels.
*
* Note: Its assumed the row is reversed when using this method to find
* quiet zone after the end pattern.
*
* ref: path_to_url
*
* @param row bit array representing the scanned barcode.
* @param startPattern index into row of the start or end pattern.
* @throws ReaderException if the quiet zone cannot be found, a ReaderException is thrown.
*/
void ITFReader::validateQuietZone(Ref<BitArray> row, int startPattern) {
int quietCount = this->narrowLineWidth * 10; // expect to find this many pixels of quiet zone
for (int i = startPattern - 1; quietCount > 0 && i >= 0; i--) {
if (row->get(i)) {
break;
}
quietCount--;
}
if (quietCount != 0) {
// Unable to find the necessary number of quiet zone pixels.
throw NotFoundException();
}
}
/**
* Skip all whitespace until we get to the first black line.
*
* @param row row of black/white values to search
* @return index of the first black line.
* @throws ReaderException Throws exception if no black lines are found in the row
*/
int ITFReader::skipWhiteSpace(Ref<BitArray> row) {
int width = row->getSize();
int endStart = row->getNextSet(0);
if (endStart == width) {
throw NotFoundException();
}
return endStart;
}
/**
* @param row row of black/white values to search
* @param rowOffset position to start search
* @param pattern pattern of counts of number of black and white pixels that are
* being searched for as a pattern
* @return start/end horizontal offset of guard pattern, as an array of two
* ints
* @throws ReaderException if pattern is not found
*/
ITFReader::Range ITFReader::findGuardPattern(Ref<BitArray> row,
int rowOffset,
vector<int> const& pattern) {
// TODO: This is very similar to implementation in UPCEANReader. Consider if they can be
// merged to a single method.
int patternLength = pattern.size();
vector<int> counters(patternLength);
int width = row->getSize();
bool isWhite = false;
int counterPosition = 0;
int patternStart = rowOffset;
for (int x = rowOffset; x < width; x++) {
if (row->get(x) ^ isWhite) {
counters[counterPosition]++;
} else {
if (counterPosition == patternLength - 1) {
if (patternMatchVariance(counters, &pattern[0], MAX_INDIVIDUAL_VARIANCE) < MAX_AVG_VARIANCE) {
return Range(patternStart, x);
}
patternStart += counters[0] + counters[1];
for (int y = 2; y < patternLength; y++) {
counters[y - 2] = counters[y];
}
counters[patternLength - 2] = 0;
counters[patternLength - 1] = 0;
counterPosition--;
} else {
counterPosition++;
}
counters[counterPosition] = 1;
isWhite = !isWhite;
}
}
throw NotFoundException();
}
/**
* Attempts to decode a sequence of ITF black/white lines into single
* digit.
*
* @param counters the counts of runs of observed black/white/black/... values
* @return The decoded digit
* @throws ReaderException if digit cannot be decoded
*/
int ITFReader::decodeDigit(vector<int>& counters){
float bestVariance = MAX_AVG_VARIANCE; // worst variance we'll accept
int bestMatch = -1;
int max = sizeof(PATTERNS)/sizeof(PATTERNS[0]);
for (int i = 0; i < max; i++) {
int const* pattern = PATTERNS[i];
float variance = patternMatchVariance(counters, pattern, MAX_INDIVIDUAL_VARIANCE);
if (variance < bestVariance) {
bestVariance = variance;
bestMatch = i;
}
}
if (bestMatch >= 0) {
return bestMatch;
} else {
throw NotFoundException();
}
}
ITFReader::~ITFReader(){}
``` |
The Fajã dos Tijolos (Portuguese for "debris field of the bricks") is a permanent debris field, built from the collapsing cliffs on the northern coast of the civil parish of Ribeira Seca, in the municipality of Calheta, island of São Jorge, in the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores.
Fajã dos Tijolos is located along a narrow trail that links Fajã do Belo and Fajã da Caldeira de Santo Cristo, but was also linked by a lagoon that connected the two fajãs.
Owing to the geodynamic nature of the coast, the lagoon became divided in two and eventually dried-up.
The residents of this fajã lived an isolated existence dedicated to agriculture and fishing, cultivating small vineyards, parcels with tarot, corn, greens, potatoes, onions, garlic and figs. Until it dried-up, the small lagoon permitted small fishing, while fisherman took their boats to the waters edge at the local boat ramp, which provided access to the cobblestone beach and bay. The raising of cattle also helped to support the small community.
References
Notes
Sources
See also
List of fajãs in the Azores
Calheta, Azores
Tijolos |
Love Never Faileth is a practical commentary on Saint Francis, Saint Paul, Saint Augustine, and Mother Teresa. Written by Eknath Easwaran, the book was originally published in the United States in 1984.
Subsequent editions of the book have been published in the US and India, and foreign (non-English) editions have also been published in several languages. The book's original subtitle was the inspiration of Saint Francis, Saint Augustine, Saint Paul, Mother Teresa. In its second edition in 1996, as part of a 3-book series entitled Classics of Christian Inspiration, the book was subtitled Eknath Easwaran on St. Francis, St. Paul, St. Augustine, & Mother Teresa.
Topics covered
Each edition of Love Never Faileth contains a separate part on each of the four Christian spiritual figures mentioned in the book's subtitle. Each part contains a short introduction by Carol Lee Flinders, followed by a longer commentary by Easwaran. The book also contains a short overall introduction by Flinders. Each of Easwaran's commentaries is structured around a text: The Prayer of Saint Francis, Mother Teresa's "Love is a fruit in season at all times," Paul's Epistle on Love, and Augustine's description from the Confessions of what it is to "Enter into the joy of the Lord."
To clarify the commentaries, each edition also concludes with a brief description of the text-focused method of meditation that is several times mentioned by Easwaran. The 1984 edition also includes woodblock prints of each of the faces of each of the four spiritual figures. The 1996 edition includes an 8-page index.
Reception
Reviews have appeared in
the National Catholic Reporter,
Studia Mystica,
the Western New York Catholic,
Prairie Messenger,
and The B.C. Catholic,
The National Catholic Reporter stated that in Love Never Faileth, "Easwaran describes the way [these spiritual figures] think, pray and live and invites us to slow down our franticness, examine our priorities and follow an eight-step program that will make all life take on the quality of a summer retreat - bright with hope and beauty."
In Studia Mystica, Wayne Teasdale wrote that "Love Never Faileth is a very important new addition to the literature of meditation." He wrote that the book
is a unique attempt to lead people into the concrete realization, that is, in their daily lives, of love's ultimacy and its great power to heal as well as transform. It goes beyond the mere hortatory purpose of most hagiographies, beyond edification, and distills the innermost moral teaching of the saints (an innermost teaching that is eminently mystical). [The author] takes this teaching ... and applies it to everyday life, showing also how every one of us can do the same as the saints.
Teasdale also noted that "Half the book is devoted to Augustine, and the briefest chapter is devoted to Mother Teresa's vision ... this is not a speculative work .... This is a very practical book by a very practical spiritual teacher."
The Western New York Catholic stated that "This book shows how, in specific terms, we can all stretch our capacity to love beyond anything we can imagine and how prayer with meditation can tap inner strength at will .... The methods used in Love Never Faileth were familiar in the early Church, as the author illustrates through his use of inspirational passages from the four 'great lovers of God.'"
Prairie Messenger, a Roman Catholic publication, stated that Easwaran "was formed on both Christian and Oriental scriptures ... [and] seems especially at home in Love Never Faileth ... To each [chapter] an introduction ... sets the stage for Easwaran's dramatic reading of each of his favorites."
The B. C. Catholic wrote that the chapters on Saint Francis and Mother Teresa most compellingly show Easwaran's "special fondness for people who suffer from material and spiritual poverty and especially from a lack of love .... His meditation on St. Francis' Prayer ... is the most inspiring I have read, especially as Easwaran illustrates it with anecdotes from his own life."
Editions
The original edition was published in 1984 by Nilgiri Press, who republished it in 1996 as one volume in a series entitled Classics of Christian Inspiration. Editions of Love Never Faileth have been published in Greek,
Portuguese,
and Spanish,
and English-language editions have been published in India and the US. The US editions are:
, (288 pages)
, (207 pages)
The Indian edition:
, (288pages) (title of original 1984 US edition: Love Never Faileth)
See also
Original Goodness (book)
Seeing with the Eyes of Love
References
1984 non-fiction books
1996 non-fiction books
Books about Christianity
Works by Eknath Easwaran |
European eXPErimental Re-entry Test-bed (EXPERT) is a European Space Agency aerothermodynamics research programme. It was planned that vehicle will be launched on a Russian Volna launch vehicle and will provide knowledge and experience in the design and development of re-entry vehicles. As of 2012, one element in a European Space Agency push to develop vehicles capable of re-entry has been pushed back until at least 2013 as the agency seeks a launch alternative to the Russian submarine-launched Volna rocket which was withdrawn. One of its main goals was to test materials for ESA's Intermediate eXperimental Vehicle (IXV), an unmanned, delta-winged plane launched in 2015 aboard ESA's new Vega small-satellite launcher. Currently EXPERT remains in storage conditions in Turin.
EXPERT Mission objectives
According to an ESA-ESTEC paper, the EXPERT program has the following goals:
Enable in-flight data gathering of selected aerothermodynamic phenomena with high accuracy and reliability
Allow the validation of numerical modeling tools (CFD) and of methodologies for ground-to-flight data extrapolation
Qualify in-flight classical and advanced measurement techniques
Conduct extensive post-flight analyses based on in-flight data, pre-flight numerical databases, preflight ground testing activities.
References
External links
European eXPErimental Re-entry Test-bed (EXPERT)
EXPERT – European experimental re-entry test-bed
EXPERT: An atmospheric re-entry test-bed
Development of the re-entry spectrometer RESPECT for the ESA capsule EXPERT
European Space Agency satellites
Cancelled spacecraft |
```css
CSS Specificity
Change the style of borders using `border-style`
Use `border-radius` to style rounded corners of an element
Styling elements using `::before` and `::after`
Combining selectors
``` |
The Monumento a la Madre () is installed in Guadalajara, in the Mexican state of Jalisco. It features an indigenous woman looking at the sky while she covers her child. It is a bronze statue that lies on a volcanic rock base. It lies along Plaza 10 de Mayo and it was inaugurated in 1956.
References
External links
1956 establishments in Mexico
1956 sculptures
Bronze sculptures in Mexico
Monuments and memorials in Jalisco
Monuments and memorials to women
Outdoor sculptures in Guadalajara
Sculptures of children in Mexico
Sculptures of women in Guadalajara
Statues in Jalisco |
Club de Deportes Copiapó — or simply Deportes Copiapó — is a Chilean football club based in Copiapó, Atacama Region. Founded in 1999 after Regional Atacama's folding, it currently plays in the Primera División, the first level of the Chilean football system, and holds its home games at Estadio Luis Valenzuela Hermosilla which has a capacity of 8,000 spectators.
The club has spent the most of its history playing in the Primera B, reaching its promotion to top-level (Primera División) for the first time in 2022. Its only one honour was the Tercera División title in 2002.
It has a rivalry with Cobresal.
Titles
Tercera División: 1
2002
Current squad
2023 Summer Transfers
In
Out
Managers
Nelson Cossio (2006–08), (2009–10)
Gerardo Silva (2002–04), (2012–13)
See also
Regional Atacama
Chilean football league system
External links
Deportes Copiapó official Website
Deportes Copiapó
Copiapo
Copiapo
Sport in Atacama Region
1999 establishments in Chile |
```objective-c
/**
* @license Apache-2.0
*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
/*
* The following is auto-generated. Do not manually edit. See scripts/loops.js.
*/
#ifndef STDLIB_STRIDED_BASE_BINARY_UC_Z_AS_ZZ_Z_H
#define STDLIB_STRIDED_BASE_BINARY_UC_Z_AS_ZZ_Z_H
#include <stdint.h>
/*
* If C++, prevent name mangling so that the compiler emits a binary file having undecorated names, thus mirroring the behavior of a C compiler.
*/
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/**
* Applies a binary callback to strided input array elements and assigns results to elements in a strided output array.
*/
void stdlib_strided_uc_z_as_zz_z( uint8_t *arrays[], const int64_t *shape, const int64_t *strides, void *fcn );
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif // !STDLIB_STRIDED_BASE_BINARY_UC_Z_AS_ZZ_Z_H
``` |
A list of films produced by the Marathi language film industry based in Maharashtra in the year 1927.
1927 Releases
A list of Marathi films released in 1927.
References
External links
Gomolo -
Lists of 1927 films by country or language
1927
1927 in Indian cinema |
```javascript
let int_float_of_bits = (function(x){
return new Float32Array(new Int32Array([x]).buffer)[0]
});
let int_bits_of_float = (function(x){
return new Int32Array(new Float32Array([x]).buffer)[0]
});
function modf_float(x) {
if (!isFinite(x)) {
if (isNaN(x)) {
return [
NaN,
NaN
];
} else {
return [
1 / x,
x
];
}
}
let neg = 1 / x < 0;
let x$1 = Math.abs(x);
let i = Math.floor(x$1);
let f = x$1 - i;
if (neg) {
return [
- f,
- i
];
} else {
return [
f,
i
];
}
}
function ldexp_float(x, exp) {
let x$p = x;
let exp$p = exp;
if (exp$p > 1023) {
exp$p = exp$p - 1023;
x$p = x$p * Math.pow(2, 1023);
if (exp$p > 1023) {
exp$p = exp$p - 1023;
x$p = x$p * Math.pow(2, 1023);
}
} else if (exp$p < -1023) {
exp$p = exp$p + 1023;
x$p = x$p * Math.pow(2, -1023);
}
return x$p * Math.pow(2, exp$p);
}
function frexp_float(x) {
if (x === 0 || !isFinite(x)) {
return [
x,
0
];
}
let neg = x < 0;
let x$p = Math.abs(x);
let exp = Math.floor(Math.LOG2E * Math.log(x$p)) + 1;
x$p = x$p * Math.pow(2, - exp);
if (x$p < 0.5) {
x$p = x$p * 2;
exp = exp - 1;
}
if (neg) {
x$p = - x$p;
}
return [
x$p,
exp | 0
];
}
function copysign_float(x, y) {
let x$1 = Math.abs(x);
let y$1 = y === 0 ? 1 / y : y;
if (y$1 < 0) {
return - x$1;
} else {
return x$1;
}
}
function expm1_float(x) {
let y = Math.exp(x);
let z = y - 1;
if (Math.abs(x) > 1) {
return z;
} else if (z === 0) {
return x;
} else {
return x * z / Math.log(y);
}
}
function hypot_float(x, y) {
let x0 = Math.abs(x);
let y0 = Math.abs(y);
let a = x0 > y0 ? x0 : y0;
let b = (
x0 < y0 ? x0 : y0
) / (
a !== 0 ? a : 1
);
return a * Math.sqrt(1 + b * b);
}
export {
int_float_of_bits,
int_bits_of_float,
modf_float,
ldexp_float,
frexp_float,
copysign_float,
expm1_float,
hypot_float,
}
/* No side effect */
``` |
Van Houweling is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Douglas Van Houweling (born 1943), American academic
Molly Shaffer Van Houweling (born 1973), American cyclist, academic, and legal scholar
See also
Van Houwelingen |
```python
#
#
# path_to_url
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# ==============================================================================
"""The TensorBoard Images plugin."""
from __future__ import absolute_import
from __future__ import division
from __future__ import print_function
import imghdr
import six
from six.moves import urllib
from werkzeug import wrappers
from tensorboard import plugin_util
from tensorboard.backend import http_util
from tensorboard.plugins import base_plugin
from tensorboard.plugins.image import metadata
_IMGHDR_TO_MIMETYPE = {
'bmp': 'image/bmp',
'gif': 'image/gif',
'jpeg': 'image/jpeg',
'png': 'image/png'
}
_DEFAULT_IMAGE_MIMETYPE = 'application/octet-stream'
class ImagesPlugin(base_plugin.TBPlugin):
"""Images Plugin for TensorBoard."""
plugin_name = metadata.PLUGIN_NAME
def __init__(self, context):
"""Instantiates ImagesPlugin via TensorBoard core.
Args:
context: A base_plugin.TBContext instance.
"""
self._multiplexer = context.multiplexer
def get_plugin_apps(self):
return {
'/images': self._serve_image_metadata,
'/individualImage': self._serve_individual_image,
'/tags': self._serve_tags,
}
def is_active(self):
"""The images plugin is active iff any run has at least one relevant tag."""
if not self._multiplexer:
return False
return bool(self._multiplexer.PluginRunToTagToContent(metadata.PLUGIN_NAME))
def _index_impl(self):
runs = self._multiplexer.Runs()
result = {run: {} for run in runs}
mapping = self._multiplexer.PluginRunToTagToContent(metadata.PLUGIN_NAME)
for (run, tag_to_content) in six.iteritems(mapping):
for tag in tag_to_content:
summary_metadata = self._multiplexer.SummaryMetadata(run, tag)
tensor_events = self._multiplexer.Tensors(run, tag)
samples = max([len(event.tensor_proto.string_val[2:]) # width, height
for event in tensor_events] + [0])
result[run][tag] = {'displayName': summary_metadata.display_name,
'description': plugin_util.markdown_to_safe_html(
summary_metadata.summary_description),
'samples': samples}
return result
@wrappers.Request.application
def _serve_image_metadata(self, request):
"""Given a tag and list of runs, serve a list of metadata for images.
Note that the images themselves are not sent; instead, we respond with URLs
to the images. The frontend should treat these URLs as opaque and should not
try to parse information about them or generate them itself, as the format
may change.
Args:
request: A werkzeug.wrappers.Request object.
Returns:
A werkzeug.Response application.
"""
tag = request.args.get('tag')
run = request.args.get('run')
sample = int(request.args.get('sample', 0))
images = self._multiplexer.Tensors(run, tag)
response = self._image_response_for_run(images, run, tag, sample)
return http_util.Respond(request, response, 'application/json')
def _image_response_for_run(self, tensor_events, run, tag, sample):
"""Builds a JSON-serializable object with information about images.
Args:
tensor_events: A list of image event_accumulator.TensorEvent objects.
run: The name of the run.
tag: The name of the tag the images all belong to.
sample: The zero-indexed sample of the image for which to retrieve
information. For instance, setting `sample` to `2` will fetch
information about only the third image of each batch. Steps with
fewer than three images will be omitted from the results.
Returns:
A list of dictionaries containing the wall time, step, URL, width, and
height for each image.
"""
response = []
index = 0
filtered_events = self._filter_by_sample(tensor_events, sample)
for (index, tensor_event) in enumerate(filtered_events):
(width, height) = tensor_event.tensor_proto.string_val[:2]
response.append({
'wall_time': tensor_event.wall_time,
'step': tensor_event.step,
# We include the size so that the frontend can add that to the <img>
# tag so that the page layout doesn't change when the image loads.
'width': int(width),
'height': int(height),
'query': self._query_for_individual_image(run, tag, sample, index)
})
return response
def _filter_by_sample(self, tensor_events, sample):
return [tensor_event for tensor_event in tensor_events
if (len(tensor_event.tensor_proto.string_val) - 2 # width, height
> sample)]
def _query_for_individual_image(self, run, tag, sample, index):
"""Builds a URL for accessing the specified image.
This should be kept in sync with _serve_image_metadata. Note that the URL is
*not* guaranteed to always return the same image, since images may be
unloaded from the reservoir as new images come in.
Args:
run: The name of the run.
tag: The tag.
sample: The relevant sample index, zero-indexed. See documentation
on `_image_response_for_run` for more details.
index: The index of the image. Negative values are OK.
Returns:
A string representation of a URL that will load the index-th sampled image
in the given run with the given tag.
"""
query_string = urllib.parse.urlencode({
'run': run,
'tag': tag,
'sample': sample,
'index': index,
})
return query_string
@wrappers.Request.application
def _serve_individual_image(self, request):
"""Serves an individual image."""
tag = request.args.get('tag')
run = request.args.get('run')
index = int(request.args.get('index'))
sample = int(request.args.get('sample', 0))
events = self._filter_by_sample(self._multiplexer.Tensors(run, tag), sample)
images = events[index].tensor_proto.string_val[2:] # skip width, height
data = images[sample]
image_type = imghdr.what(None, data)
content_type = _IMGHDR_TO_MIMETYPE.get(image_type, _DEFAULT_IMAGE_MIMETYPE)
return http_util.Respond(request, data, content_type)
@wrappers.Request.application
def _serve_tags(self, request):
index = self._index_impl()
return http_util.Respond(request, index, 'application/json')
``` |
Raymond Leo Flynn (born July 22, 1939) is an American politician who served as the mayor of Boston, Massachusetts, from 1984 until 1993. He also served as United States Ambassador to the Holy See from 1993 to 1997.
Flynn was an All-American college basketball player at Providence College. During his senior year, Flynn was selected the "Most Valuable Player" in the 1963 National Invitation Tournament. After a brief professional basketball career, Flynn worked in several fields, including as a high school teacher and a probation officer, before entering politics. Flynn began his political career as a Democratic member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1971 to 1979, representing the South Boston neighborhood during the turbulent Boston desegregation busing crisis of the early 1970s. Flynn opposed federally-mandated school busing. Throughout his political career, Flynn held a strong anti-abortion position. As a state legislator, Flynn co-authored the "Flynn–Doyle amendment" to ban government funding of abortions covered by Medicaid. This was initially successfully vetoed by Governor Michael Dukakis. However a version of the amendment was passed over Dukakis's veto in 1978. Flynn served on the Boston City Council from 1978 to 1984. As a city councilor, Flynn stood in opposition to utility companies and regularly proposed tenants' rights ordinances.
Flynn was elected mayor of Boston in 1983 and took office in 1984. Flynn was reelected in 1987 and 1991. Polls showed Flynn to enjoy strong approval from Bostonians during his mayoralty. As mayor, Flynn balanced the city's budget, eliminating a large budget deficit. To address the deficit, Flynn lobbied heavily for the passage of a revenue package for the city in the Massachusetts Legislature to provide additional state aid to the city and the authorization for the city to raise new local taxes. In 1985, a revenue package was passed and signed into law by Governor Michael Duakakis. In response to discriminatory practices studies found banks to be practicing in Boston, Flynn took actions which persuaded banks to reach a $400 million community reinvestment agreement with the city. Flynn succeeded in getting legislation passed to replace the city's publicly-elected school board with the new Boston School Committee, members of which are appointed by the city's mayor. Flynn would quickly come to express his regret about this change. In 1990, Flynn saw strong criticism from Black leaders over the Boston Police Department's handling of the investigation into the murder of Carol Stuart. As mayor, Flynn advanced plans to desegregate the city's public housing. Flynn's administration gave neighborhood groups more of a voice in the use of the city's development and planning authorities in their neighborhoods. This included innovative move of granting the Dudley Street Neighborhood Initiative powers of eminent domain. Flynn successfully fought to enact rent control laws and strong tenants' rights laws. Flynn also served as president of the United States Conference of Mayors from 1991 to 1992.
Flynn resigned as mayor in 1993 in order to accept an appointment by President Bill Clinton as ambassador to the Holy See. He expanded the position's mission to involve participation in addressing problem areas around the world. During his tenure as ambassador, he also encountered some controversy. In 1998, Flynn unsuccessfully ran for the United States House of Representatives. Flynn later served as president of Catholic Alliance, a nonpartisan Catholic advocacy group.
Early life and education
Flynn grew up in South Boston, where he has spent most of his life living. Flynn is Irish-American. His father was a union longshoreman, and his mother was a cleaning lady. Flynn's father was an immigrant to the United States. Flynn grew up a member of the Gate of Heaven Parish in South Boston.
Flynn was a three-sport star athlete at South Boston High School.
Flynn attended Providence College on a basketball sports scholarship. Flynn was an All-American college basketball player at Providence College, and during his senior year was selected as the "Most Valuable Player" in the 1963 National Invitation Tournament (NIT).
Later in life, while a Boston city councilor, Flynn would receive a master's degree in education from Harvard University.
Professional basketball career and early career
In April 1963, he was selected by the Syracuse Nationals in the fourth round of the NBA draft. The Nationals relocated to Philadelphia to become the 76ers, but Flynn did not play for them, as he spent part of the 1963–64 season with the Wilmington Blue Bombers of the Eastern Professional Basketball League. Philadelphia traded his NBA rights to the Boston Celtics in September 1964, and in October he was the last player cut from the Celtics roster.
Before his political career, Flynn worked as a youth worker, high school teacher, a probation officer, and a longshoreman.
Massachusetts House of Representatives (1971–1978)
Capitalizing on his local sports hero celebrity, Flynn won election to the Massachusetts House of Representatives in November 1970. As a state representative, Flynn was generally representative of the views of his South Boston district's constituency. He was pro-trade unions, for affordable housing and tenants rights, opposed redlining, opposed expansion at Logan Airport, and opposed cutting welfare programs.He was also a supporter of providing more state funding to special needs students in schools. Peter Dreier would later describe his positions as a state representative as having, largely, been a "parochial South Boston pol with progressive leanings."
Flynn was an opponent of court ordered desegregation busing. In 1973, he worked against implementing the city of Boston's desegregation school busing plan even filing a lawsuit against the Massachusetts Board of Education over the matter. Flynn argued that desegregation busing would pit poor Black and poor White families against one another within a second-tier school system, all while wealthy suburbanites sent their students to well-funded schools. Flynn refused to join the militant anti-busers, Louise Day Hicks and William Bulger when they released a statement of resistance that was seen as having racist overtones. Flynn urged against violent actions that were being taken by some in protest of busing. As a result of his refusal to join the more militant factions of resistance to busing, Flynn alienated himself from the more extremist factions of his community. His car was firebombed, and his family received death threats through telephone calls.
In 1974, Flynn filed legislation to repeal a state law which required that children attend school. He would claim this had been a mistake during his 1983 mayoral campaign.
In March 1975, he announced himself as a candidate for the 1975 Boston mayoral election. However, he withdrew in June after struggling to fundraise and instead launched his candidacy for the Boston City Council. He would lose his race for city council that November, falling a mere 1,467 votes shy of election.
Flynn co-authored a bill to end government funding of abortions covered by Medicaid. The bill, co-authored with State Representative Charles R. Doyle. This was passed by the state legislature, but successfully vetoed by Governor Michael Dukakis. Flynn and Doyle then, later that year, attached the bill as a rider to a state pay-raise bill which was passed by the Massachusetts State Legislature. This was again vetoed by Dukakis. The "Flynn-Doyle amendment" would be successfully passed over Dukakis' veto in 1978, after Flynn had already left the legislature to serve on the Boston City Council.
Boston City Council (1978–1984)
Flynn was elected to the Boston City Council in November 1977. Flynn would be reelected in 1979 and 1981. In 1981, Flynn was the top vote-getter by a large margin.
Peter Dreier would later describe Flynn as having transitioned as a city councilor, "from a parochial neighborhood politician with progressive leanings to a crusader with citywide appeal." while on the Boston City Council. Drier would describe Flynn as having been an "18-hour-a-day workaholic", and the "hardest working City Councilor". He had a reputation for regularly attending public meetings. South Boston, which Flynn represented, was regarded to be relatively politically conservative.
As a city councilor, Flynn opposed rate increases by utility companies. He was viewed as an ally of trade unions, welfare recipients, and working women. Flynn regularly proposed tenants' rights ordinances on the Boston City Council, which were defeated. Flynn believed that his city council colleagues were influenced by sizable donations from the real estate lobby, especially faulting the Greater Boston Real Estate Board. In 1983, Dudley Clendinen of The New York Times wrote of Flynn's politics,
In October 1979, Flynn, together with Joseph F. Timilty, rescued a Black man from an encounter with a White mob on the Boston Common.
1983 mayoral campaign
In April 1983, Flynn announced his candidacy for mayor of Boston. In the October nonpartisan primary election, Flynn and State Representative Mel King placed atop the results, advancing to the general election. King was the first African American to be a candidate in a Boston mayoral general election. Both Flynn and King had originally been viewed as underdogs in the primary election. Flynn defeated King in the general election. Flynn and King had known each other since childhood, meeting through both playing basketball, and had both served as state representatives at the same time and worked together there on legislation. They would ultimately have a lifelong friendship, despite having run against each other for mayor.
Flynn's campaign received no real financial support from major sectors of the city's business community. Flynn outright refused to accept campaign donations from developers with projects pending before city agencies, or lawyers of such developers. Both the Flynn and King campaigns had low expenditures compared to the nearly $2 million campaign that outgoing mayor Kevin White and the political machine supporting him had spent on his candidacies in the 1975 and 1979 mayoral elections. Flynn's campaign spent roughly $400,000, while King's spent less than $350,000.
Dudley Clendinen wrote that Flynn had worked to establish himself as a champion of the poor and elderly and to appeal across ethnic lines to ethnic minority voters.
While Flynn had earlier in his political career opposed gay rights issues, by the time of his mayoral campaign he was making an active effort to court the gay vote at a time when gay communities across the United States were becoming more politically organized.
Primary election
Flynn first announced his candidacy in front of a public housing project, pledging that he would be a "people's mayor". He was viewed as an underdog at the start of his campaign, due to a lack of funding, a political organization, or connections to the business or media establishments.
Flynn and King had both shaped the narrative of the debate during the hotly-contested primary, successfully creating a "downtown versus the neighborhoods" narrative, with Flynn and King taking the side of being in support of the city's neighborhoods. A major item of debate was linkage, a fee that would be placed on downtown developers to raise funds for affordable housing. Flynn and King placed in the primary above candidates who were perceived as more representative of "downtown" interests. Coinciding with the primary, voters also strongly approved non-binding referendums in favor of a linkage policy and the creation of neighborhood councils. Both referendums had been supported by the group Massachusetts Fair Share.
During the primary, the city's progressive activists were largely sharply divided between Flynn and King's candidacies. Flynn benefited from grassroots support.
General election
In the general election, Flynn received the political endorsement of The Boston Globe'''s editorial board. Among the groups endorsing Flynn were low-income tenant organizations, elderly organizations, and a number of labor unions.
In the election, both Flynn and King worked to build progressive coalitions, and both pledged to dedicate themselves to working across ethnic divides in the city. In the five weeks leading up to the general election, the two candidates held more than fifty local neighborhood debates.
The campaign was peaceful, and only a handful of isolated racial violence incidents occurred during it.
After his election, his mayoral transition effort was headed by John F. Bok.
Mayoralty (1984–1993)
Flynn served as mayor from his inauguration on January 2, 1984 until his resignation on July 12, 1993. During his tenure, Flynn was regarded to be a popular mayor, which was reflected in high approval ratings. As mayor, Flynn maintained a prominent public profile. In 1984, journalist Colman McCarthy described Flynn as having a "blazonry of political zeal that makes him one of the nation's most attractive Democrats."
In 1998, Jack W. Germond and Jules Witcover of The Baltimore Sun wrote that, as mayor, Flynn had, "built a national reputation as an advocate for the homeless and a local reputation as a hands-on politician who showed up at every fire or police emergency."
At the time that Flynn was preparing to leave office, in an article published in The Christian Science Monitor, George B. Merry described Flynn as a mayor whose "hands-on" approach had made him, "one of the most visible mayors in Boston history," and whose leadership had delivered mixed results. Merry described Flynn's leadership as having been heavily focused on neighborhood-level quality of life issues, writing,
General politics
Reelection campaigns
Flynn was reelected mayor in 1987 and 1991, winning more than two-thirds of the vote each time. In his reelections, he won a higher vote share in Black and Hispanic areas of the city than he did in White areas.
In 1987, Flynn carried every ward of the city except for in his native South Boston. His failure to carry South Boston was perhaps due to his promise weeks before the election to desegregate all-white Boston Housing Authority developments in South Boston.
Flynn's 1991 campaign for a third term came despite his 1981 campaign promise to only serve two terms. In his 1991 campaign, he ran a low-profile campaign that he touted as being "grassroots", and ran no television or radio advertisements. He centered his candidacy on ties to the city's neighborhoods and his successes in balancing the city's budget.
State, national, and international politics
Flynn was an outspoken critic of the cuts that President Ronald Reagan championed making to federal revenue sharing, urban development grants, and housing and job assistance programs.
Flynn considered running in the 1990 Massachusetts gubernatorial election, but, due to police controversies, his struggling relationship with the minority community, and his anti-abortion stance, he ruled out a run.
Flynn became a national leader on urban matters. In 1987, as chair of the United States Conference of Mayors' Task Force on Hunger and Homelessness, Flynn advocated for the passage of the McKinney–Vento Homeless Assistance Act. Flynn served as president of the United States Conference of Mayors during 1991–92. In this role, Flynn challenged the theories of some pundits that cities were becoming economically obsolete due to the rise of "edge city" suburbanization, by arguing that "as cities go, so goes America."
Flynn visited South Africa several times to see anti-apartheid figure Nelson Mandela when he was in prison. In June 1990, four months after Mandela's release from prison, Flynn welcomed him to Boston on a trip Mandela took visiting many cities in the United States.
Ahead of the 1992 United States presidential election, there was some talk about whether Flynn could be a prospective vice presidential running mate on a Democratic ticket. In February 1992, Flynn unsuccessfully urged New York Governor Mario Cuomo to run in the presidential election. It took Flynn a while to grow warm to the Democratic Party's ultimate presidential nominee, Bill Clinton. He endorsed Clinton in late June 1992. Flynn, a lifelong anti-abortion activist, played a role in drawing the anti-abortion ("pro-life") Catholic vote to pro-abortion rights Bill Clinton in the general election. Flynn physically campaigned on Clinton's behalf in roughly half of the nation's states.
Despite opposition to gun control measures earlier in his political career, as mayor Flynn supported such policy, heavily campaigning in support of the passage of the Brady Bill.
Economic matters
Community reinvestment agreement with banks
In 1989, two studies (including one by the Boston Redevelopment Authority) found the city's major banks to be discriminating in their mortgage lending, hiring, and branch location practices. In collaboration with community activists, Flynn raised a more than year-long campaign to pressure banks to change their practices. He also announced a plan to issue a regular city-sponsored "report cards" on bank practices, and a "linked deposit" policy to have the city then withdraw funds from banks that received poor track records on these "report cards" and to expand its deposits in banks which instead worked to meet the needs of the city's neighborhoods. As a consequence, the banks reached a $400 million community reinvestment agreement with the city, in which the banks promised to open new branches, change lending and hiring practices, and to collaborate more closely with CDCs and community groups.
Fiscal matters
When Flynn took office, the city had a $40 million deficit. Flynn was able to balance the city's budget each year he was in office and improved the fiscal controls of the city. Flynn was able to improve the city's bond rating each year he was in office. When he left office, the city had its highest bond rating in its history.
In his first term as mayor, Flynn dealt with a drastic cut in federal funds allocated to Boston. During the presidencies of Republicans Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush, Flynn often blamed shortcomings of the city government on their administrations for what he claimed were insufficient federal funds coming into the city's coffers. Additionally, during the Massachusetts governorship of Republican Bill Weld, Flynn often faulted shortcomings of the city government on what he claimed was insufficient state funding, blaming Governor Weld but avoiding blaming the Democratic majorities in both chambers of the Massachusetts State Legislature.
During his mayoralty, Boston divested from corporations that invested in Northern Ireland and Apartheid South Africa.
Revenue package
To address the city's deficit, upon taking office, Flynn worked to receive additional state aid and state legislature authorization to raise new local taxes. The state, at the time, viewed the city government as wasteful and inefficient. Flynn needed the help of the city's business community to convince the state. Particularly the business community's watchdog group, the Boston Municipal Research Bureau. In order to convince the business community that the Flynn administration was going to spend new revenues in a cost-effective manner, he recruited business community members to top positions in the municipal budget and treasury departments, and also created an advisory committee on management and budget operations that featured representatives from the business community. Flynn heeded the advice of this advisory committee, and "opened the books" on the city's fiscal situation, something that his immediate predecessor, Kevin White, had refused to do himself. Ultimately, the Municipal Research Bureau gave its approval to Flynn's revenue package and lobbied for it.
Flynn also met across the state with individuals and groups such as local officials, business groups, and trade unions in order to persuade them to lobby their own legislators to support the state legislation he was seeking. Flynn made the argument that Boston's economic and fiscal health was critical to that of all of Massachusetts. He characterized Boston as being a generator of jobs and state sales tax revenue, as well as the home to institutions which benefited the entire state.
In 1984, the initial revenue package that Flynn championed was defeated in the state legislature. In 1985, Flynn proposed and lobbied for a revised revenue package. This revenue package passed, and was signed into law by Governor Dukakis.
Labor matters
Flynn created the "Boston jobs" program, requiring that developers that obtained city permits to hire Boston residents for half of all their construction jobs, minorities for one quarter of all their construction jobs, and women for one-tenth of all their construction jobs.
When Boston hotel owners and Hotel Employees and Restaurant Employees Union Local 26 were in conflict, and looked poised for a long and tense strike in 1985, Flynn had his police chief privately inform hotel owners that they could not count on the Boston Police Department to protect strikebreakers or preserve order outside and within hotel establishments. This private action of Flynn helped weaken the resolve of the hotel owners, who settled with Local 26, netting the union a significant victory.
When Flynn traveled to southwestern Virginia to support coal mining households during the Pittston Coal strike against the Pittston Coal Group, he learned from United Mine Workers President Richard Trumka that William Craig, a member of Pittston's board, was also vice chairman of Shawmut Bank, the city of Boston's second largest lender. Upon returning to the city, Flynn threatened that Boston would withdraw its deposits from the bank unless Craig resigned from the board of Pittston.
Education and childcare
In 1989, Flynn spearheaded the creation of a policy which requires that new commercial developments in the city's downtown provide childcare services on-site or otherwise fund resources for off-site childcare spaces. However, the policy would, for decades, prove difficult to enforce due to the fact that the policy did not provide a clear definition of the amounts that developers needed to pay for off-site childcare spaces. This was addressed in 2022, when Mayor Michelle Wu signed an executive order outlining a formula to determine the amount of these payments.
In 1993, George B. Merry wrote that while Flynn had "vastly upgraded" the city's public school system as mayor, at the time of Flynn's departure from the mayoralty, the school district, "appear[ed] to be facing an uncertain future."
In July 1991, Flynn won a fight to turn Boston School Committee from an elected school board to one whose members are appointed by the mayor. This change took effect in January 1992. Before this change, the elected school board had come to be regarded as fractious. As he approached his departure as mayor in 1993, Flynn questioned whether the change had been a good decision. He conceded that it had disenfranchised the input of voters in shaping the school board, and had upset many communities of color in the city. In 1993, little over a year since the appointed board had taken office, disorder had already arisen on the board, and Black organizers in the city were pushing to revert to an elected school board. In July 1993, Flynn remarked,
Flynn also conceded that the appointed school board had failed in terms of accountability, remarking in 1993,
In 1993, Flynn wrote an open letter to those seeking to run in the 1993 Boston mayoral election to succeed him which pronounced his regret for having changed the city's school board to an appointed board, and which expressed his preference for reverting it back to an elected one. This was to no avail, and Boston remains the only municipality in Massachusetts without an elected school board.
Public safety and law enforcement
In 1985, Flynn appointed Francis Roache as the city's police commissioner. Roache was a childhood friend of Flynn, and would be one of his closet associates during his mayoralty.
Flynn's administration funded neighborhood watch groups.
In 1990, Flynn received strong criticism from Black leaders over the police's handling of the investigation into the murder of Carol Stuart, including the arrest and intensive search of William Bennett.
In response to concerns over the police department (including those stemming from the investigation into Carol Stuart's murder), in May 1991, Flynn empaneled the St. Clair Commission, headed by James D. St. Clair. In January 1992, the St. Clair Commission released its report, which was critical of the Boston Police Department for mismanagement, and urged against reappointing Commissioner Roache when his term expired that April. Flynn appointed William Bratton the city's new police commissioner.
In 1993, George B. Merry observed that crime in the city remained "a continuing problem" at the end of Flynn's tenure.
Racial relations
Before Flynn took office, Boston had seen a very high level of racial tensions in the 1970s. Retrospectively, in 2023 Michael Jonas of Commonwealth magazine wrote that, as mayor, Flynn went "to great lengths to promote racial harmony and heal divisions, not inflame them." In 1993, George B. Merry observed,
Early into his mayoralty, Flynn signaled his support for racially integrating the city's neighborhoods when he directly assisted a number of black households move into a public housing development located in a neighborhood with a majority white working-class population. During Flynn's mayoralty, the City of Boston regained control over the Boston Housing Authority, which had previously been in court receivership. Weeks before the 1987 mayoral election, Flynn publicized a plan to desegregate all-white housing developments of the Boston Housing Authority located in South Boston. In 1988, the city of Boston reached a formal agreement with the federal government to integrate public housing in South Boston.
A 1987 poll published by The Boston Globe found that the Boston residents were expressing increasingly optimistic outlooks on the state of race relations in the city. Many of the city's politicians, while questioning whether the public was correct in such an assessment, expressed the belief that this sentiment was reflective of the public's perception of Flynn's leadership in regards to race relations.
Urban development
Flynn took office amid a period of urban flight by the city's middle class. Peter Dreier would describe Flynn as having been elected "with a populist mandate to 'share the prosperity' of Boston's downtown economic boom—particularly in terms of jobs and housing—with the city's poor and working-class residents." Flynn had campaigned for office in his initial election on a housing-focused platform. When Flynn took office, downtown real estate developers were highly worried by his populist agenda. Flynn opted not to socialize with real estate developers, and refused to take political contributions from developers that had projects being considered by the city government.
When Flynn assumed office, the federal government was greatly decreasing federal funding for urban housing, job training, and economic development programs. Boston had been reliant on federal funding for these uses for the preceding quarter-century. Flynn looked to the private sector. He worked to use public-private partnerships as well as government regulatory tools of the private sector such as zoning and rent control. Flynn was successful in his fight to implement rent control laws in the city.
During Flynn's mayoralty, the city had a strong development market.
During Flynn's mayoralty, major projects included the new Boston City Hospital complex. The city also created what was its first long-term capital plan for fixing its streets, infrastructure, school structures, and for creating new precinct stations and recreation centers. The city also significantly improved its parks and recreation centers.
Flynn focused on addressing the quality of life in neighborhoods, as well as on addressing gentrification.
The city built what was an unprecedented number of new units of affordable housing during Flynn's mayoralty. Flynn's administration successfully overcame the political forces of the city's real estate industry to put in place a policy that doubled the linkage fee funds that downtown developers were required to provide to neighborhood housing funds. Over the course of his mayoralty, this fund received over $70 million, and helped in the city's creation of over 8,000 units of affordable housing.
After a five-year campaign by Flynn and community activists, United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Samuel Pierce agreed to hand over to community-based non profits and tenant organizations a total of 2,000 HUD-subsidized apartments located in roughly 70 buildings that had been abandoned by their owners. Later on, Clinton HUD Secretary Henry Cisneros decided to change HUD policy to replicate the success Boston ultimately had in turning around troubled HUD projects.
Flynn successful fights to enact rent control laws and strong tenants' rights laws put him at odds with the landlord lobby. The Flynn administration also funded tenant groups, who organized against bad landlords. In 1986, Flynn worked successfully with tenant activists to get the Boston City Council to pass a ban on developers evicting tenants in order to clear apartment buildings for condominium conversions. In 1988, he worked to successfully get the City Council to empower the city's rent board with regulatory powers over condo conversions and lodging houses. Flynn also got the City Council to put in place rent control on projects in the city subsidized by United States Department of Housing and Urban Development if the owners exercised the option to prepay their federally subsidized mortgages. These movies potentially protected thousands of subsidized units in the city from conversion to market-rate housing.
Flynn also championed inclusionary housing policies that would require developers of market-rate housing to provide units for moderate and low-income residents. In July 1986, Flynn presented the Boston Redevelopment Authority with a potential policy to require private developers to designate 10% of their housing units in projects with at least ten units for moderate and low-income residents. This push faced strong opposition.
Boston's development director Steve Coyle oversaw the institution of controversial "downzoning" growth management safeguards aimed at combatting the "Manhattanization" of the city's historic downtown and neighborhoods.
Flynn's administration collaborated on development with nonprofit organizations. The Flynn administration provided neighborhood groups with a strong voice in planning and development, as well as other decisions, through neighborhood councils, zoning committees, and project-specific advisory groups. They worked with community development corporations to undertake the rehabilitation of thousands of housing units in the city. A very notable example of collaboration saw the city government delegate its own urban renewal powers (including eminent domain authority) to the Dudley Street Neighborhood Initiative, a community group in the Roxbury neighborhood who are allowed to use that authority in parts of the neighborhood.
Resignation and succession
In 1993, Flynn resigned during his third term as mayor when he was appointed by Clinton to serve as United States Ambassador to the Holy See (the Vatican). Flynn was nominated in March 1993, and announced he would be resigning as mayor. However, in June, he reconsidered whether he would accept the role. He met with President Clinton and United States State Department officials to better define what his role would be as ambassador. The Senate unanimously confirmed his nomination that month, and he resigned as mayor on July 12, 1993.
Upon the announcement of Flynn's nomination, it became anticipated that then-Boston City Council President Thomas Menino was, per the city charter, going to assume the office of "acting mayor" upon Flynn's expected resignation. Flynn had had a longtime friendship with Menino. However, their relationship was noted to have become somewhat terser during the period in which Flynn was preparing to hand over the office to Menino. One cause for their rift was that, after Menino had promised he would appoint 100 new police officers when he took office, Flynn beat him to the chase and did so himself, which angered Menino.
When Flynn resigned on July 12, 1993, Menino became acting mayor. Menino would go on to win the 1993 Boston mayoral election, becoming mayor.
Ambassador to the Holy See (1993–1997)
Flynn served as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to the Holy See from September 2, 1993, through September 20, 1997. He was the first member of the Democratic Party to hold this post. He was appointed on July 1, 1993, and presented his credentials on September 2, 1993.
Clinton had Flynn expand the role of the post's mission. Flynn not only represented the United States to the Holy See, but also represented the United States in imperiled areas around the world on matters of social justice and economic justice. Flynn helped lead relief efforts related to an earthquake in India, and was involved in humanitarian aid efforts to nations such as Bosnia and Herzegovina, Haiti, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan, and Uganda. He was also involved in efforts to broker the Good Friday Agreement. He also collaborated with the Holy See on efforts to resolve problems in various areas of the world. He also played a key role in brokering an agreement to start a formal process to have Israel and the Holy See establish formal relations with each other. Flynn's tenure was somewhat shaky, however. In 1998, Jack W. Germond and Jules Witcover of The Baltimore Sun described his tenure as, "unorthodox and controversial." Flynn twice received reprimands from the United States Department of State: in one instance for publicly discussing domestic American policy, and in the other instance for having an employee of the embassy manage Flynn's family's finances.
At the time he accepted the position of ambassador, Flynn made it known that he intended to eventually return to politics, likely running for another public office. While ambassador, Flynn considered running for governor of Massachusetts in 1994 to unseat incumbent Republican Bill Weld. However, Flynn announced in April 1994 that he would not run in the 1994 gubernatorial election.
During his time as ambassador, the campaign committee for Flynn's mayoral candidacies was subject to federal and state investigation. In February 1996, Flynn plead to having misused campaign funds during his tenure as mayor and agreed on repaying $12,500 in funds to his campaign committee. The state of Massachusetts' attorney general was considering bringing a civil lawsuit against Flynn regarding these funds. Douglas deRusha, the former bookkeeper for Flynn's mayoral campaign committee, went to prison for embezzlement. Coincidentally, the same month that Flynn plead to having misused campaign funds, an unrelated investigation resulted in Flynn's former top-aide during his mayoralty, Joseph Fisher, pleading guilty for having failed to report more than $51,000 that he had received as bribes and illegal favors during his seven years serving special assistant to Flynn during Flynn's mayoralty. Both investigations generated negative publicity for Flynn.
In early 1997, eying leaving his post, Flynn made an effort to become a university athletic director, reaching out to Boston-area universities such as Northeastern University. His mayoral successor, Thomas Menino, attempted to help persuade Boston-area universities to hire Flynn for such a position. This effort was to no avail, however. Shortly after, Massachusetts Governor Bill Weld, who had already expressed interest in appointing Flynn to an unpaid position on a state commission, expressed interest in potentially offering Flynn a paid position in his gubernatorial administration. In early September 1997, Flynn shared his intent to run for governor of Massachusetts in 1998. Two weeks later, Flynn announced his intent to resign his post as ambassador. Flynn left his post on September 20, 1997.
On October 3, 1997, The Boston Globe published an article which both accused Flynn of having been a sub-par diplomat as ambassador and of having had a longtime drinking problem. The article included a reporter's claim to have, firsthand, witnessed Flynn walking around Boston while seemingly drunk while visiting the city on break from his ambassadorial duties on August 6, 1997. Flynn attributed the article to the paper's opposition to his planned 1998 gubernatorial campaign and also to contempt for his "class, religion and ethnic background." This article was seen as hurting Flynn's public image. Flynn defended himself in an interviewed aired by 60 Minutes in April 1998.
1998 congressional campaign
Following his service as ambassador, Flynn considered running for governor of Massachusetts in 1998. Flynn made public in January 1998 his intent to later that year launch his candidacy. However, obstacles, such as a lack of financial campaign reserves and the political challenge of running for governor in the state of Massachusetts with a strong anti-abortion stance like his, dissuaded him. Another factor that made his candidacy challenging was the perceived difficulty of winning statewide with a political identity so strongly tied to the city. Flynn's ambition of being elected governor was regarded as being a longshot.
Instead of running for governor, after Joseph P. Kennedy II announced his intent not to seek an additional congressional term, Flynn decided to run in the 1998 election for Massachusetts's 8th congressional district seat that Kennedy would be vacating. Flynn formally announced his candidacy in June 1998, and in September lost in the Democratic primary election, the real contest in the heavily Democratic district, to Somerville Mayor Mike Capuano, who went on to win the general election. Flynn placed second with roughly 18% of the vote.
Flynn was the only anti-abortion candidate of the ten running in the primary, and his campaign advertising utilized photos of him with Pope John Paul II and Mother Teresa. Flynn had run a quiet grassroots campaign operation. Flynn was endorsed by the local chapters of the International Longshoremen's Association and Iron Workers unions. Flynn had been regarded as an early front-runner in the primary, and private and public opinion polls had showed him to be leading. However, polls show that Capuano enjoyed a last-minute rise in support that resulted in his victory over Flynn.
Ceci Connolly of The Washington Post observed during the campaign,
Later career
In 2001, for several weeks Flynn openly explored a possible run in that year's special election to succeed Joe Moakley as the congressman from Massachusetts's 9th congressional district. However, in mid-June 2001, Flynn ruled out such a run and threw his support behind a potential candidacy by State Senator Stephen Lynch, who ultimately ran and won the election.
While he has not run for office again himself, Flynn subsequently maintained some involvement in politics and related matters. In 2004, Flynn unsuccessfully pursued litigation to reverse the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court ruling that had, earlier that year, legalized same-sex marriage in Massachusetts. During the general election campaign of the 2009 Boston mayoral election, Flynn and his one-time mayoral opponent Mel King both came together to endorse Michael Flaherty's campaign against Thomas Menino. In the 2000 presidential election, Flynn and the Catholic Alliance organization that he headed endorsed the Republican of George W. Bush and Dick Cheney. In 2010, Flynn again crossed party lines to vote for the successful candidacy of Republican nominee Scott Brown for the United States Senate. In 2012, Flynn appeared in television ads supporting Brown for reelection. Flynn also voiced support for Mitt Romney, that year's Republican nominee for president. Flynn has also continued to comment on United States relations with the Holy See. In 2009, Flynn responded critically to rumors that President Barack Obama might be considering Caroline Kennedy for Flynn's former post, opining that her pro-choice abortion stance would make her unbefitting to serve as ambassador to the Holy See. In 2013, Flynn criticized plans to relocated the Embassy of the United States to the Holy See to a building that would be adjacent to the Embassy of the United States to Italy.
Flynn involved himself in media after concluding his career in public office. In 1998, Flynn had a role as a radio host on WRKO in Boston. In September 2014, Flynn became a regular contributor to The Pilot, the official newspaper of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Boston. In February 2017, Flynn became a columnist for the Boston Herald.
In 1999, Flynn became president of Catholic Alliance, a nonpartisan Catholic advocacy group. In this role, while remaining a Democrat, he and the Catholic Alliance endorsed George W. Bush in the 2000 presidential election. Flynn also became president of another Catholic political advocacy organization, Your Catholic Voice. He later started Catholic Citizenship, serving as its national chairman. He cited the organization as arising from conversations he had with a figure in national Catholic activism that affirmed in Flynn the importance of his message relating to adhering to Catholic teachings above partisan political concerns. Beginning in 2004, Flynn also served on the advisory board of Catholics for the Common Good, a lay apostolate for evangelization of culture.
Personal life
Flynn is married to Catherine (née Coyne), who often goes by "Kathy". They have six children: Ray Jr., Eddie, Julie, Nancy, Katie, and Maureen. In November 2017, son Edward M. Flynn was elected to the Boston City Council. Flynn has continued residing in South Boston.
While serving as mayor, Flynn played himself in the 1989 Cheers'' episode "The Stork Brings A Crane". In the episode, Flynn has his entourage take away Cliff Clavin, who writes to Flynn once a week.
Flynn was an avid runner who made headlines in 1984 when he ran in the Boston Marathon (with a finishing time of 4:23:54) and the New York City Marathon (finishing in 3:59:46).
In March 2007, Flynn was grand marshal of the 246th New York St. Patrick's Day Parade.
In May 2007, Flynn joined the College of Fellows of the Dominican School of Philosophy and Theology in Berkeley, California, who also awarded him the honorary degree Doctor of Humane Letters.
In September 2008, Flynn was hospitalized after he collapsed at a Boston-area speaking engagement. In March 2011, Flynn's home was broken into; among the valuables taken were rosary beads blessed by Pope John Paul II and letters from influential world figures. In April 2021, Flynn was hospitalized and received a hip replacement surgery after suffering a fall. In December 2021, Flynn was hospitalized after again falling, this time having broken a bone in his neck.
Political views
During his political career, Flynn was regarded to be an "economic liberal" and "cultural conservative." Over the course of his political career, Flynn's positions on some matters remained consistent, while others evolved. Flynn has often endorsed Republican candidates in closely contested elections, including George W. Bush in the 2000 president election, Scott Brown in 2010 and 2012 senate elections, and Mitt Romney in the 2012 presidential election.
In his early political career, Flynn prominently opposed court-ordered school desegregation busing. Over the course of his political career, Flynn consistently opposed abortion. Opposing gun control policies in his early political career as mayor Flynn supported gun control policies. Opposing gay rights issues in his early political career, by the time of his first mayoral campaign made an active effort to ingratiate himself to the gay community. However, due to his own opposition of same-sex marriage, shortly after the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court ruled that same-sex marriage was a protected right in Massachusetts, Flynn attempted litigation to see their ruling overturned. Flynn opposed decreases initiated during the Reagan presidency to federal revenue sharing with cities. Elected mayor on a populist platform, Flynn supported wealth redistribution.
Honors
In February 2016, the Boston Marine Industrial Park was renamed the Raymond L. Flynn Marine Park. A nearby bridge was also renamed in Flynn's honor. In May 2017, Governor of Massachusetts Charlie Baker dedicated Flynn Cruiseport Boston, located in the Port of Boston.
Flynn has received a number of civic awards. He has received the B'nai B'rith International Humanitarian Award, Martin Luther King Jr. Award, and Boys Club of America "Man of the Year Award". In 2019, the business interest organization A Better City awarded Flynn a "Lifetime Achievement" award. Then-mayor Marty Walsh presented the award to Flynn at an awards ceremony. Walsh praised Flynn, declaring that Flynn had "led at the national and international level, while always staying closely connected to the people in our working class neighborhoods. He's always been a champion for everyday people: working men and women; kids and seniors; people with disabilities; and everyone who calls the city of Boston their home."
Electoral history
State representative
1970
1972
1974
1976
City council
Mayoral
Congressional
Bibliography
Flynn is the co-author of two books:
See also
1971–1972 Massachusetts legislature
1973–1974 Massachusetts legislature
1974–1975 Massachusetts legislature
1975–1976 Massachusetts legislature
1977–1978 Massachusetts legislature
Timeline of Boston, 1980s–1990s
References
External links
Guide to the Mayor Raymond L. Flynn records at cityofboston.gov
Ray Flynn biography at the Dominican School of Philosophy and Theology
1939 births
American male biographers
20th-century American novelists
Living people
Massachusetts city council members
Mayors of Boston
Democratic Party members of the Massachusetts House of Representatives
Providence Friars men's basketball players
Roman Catholic activists
Ambassadors of the United States to the Holy See
Syracuse Nationals draft picks
Novelists from Massachusetts
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of Pope Pius IX
Harvard Graduate School of Education alumni
American anti-abortion activists
20th-century American biographers
American male novelists
People from South Boston
Catholics from Massachusetts
Presidents of the United States Conference of Mayors
American men's basketball players
20th-century American male writers
20th-century American diplomats
20th-century American politicians |
Tombek-e Bala (, also Romanized as Tombek-e Bālā; also known as Tombek is a village in Howmeh Rural District, in the Central District of Minab County, Hormozgan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 10, in 4 families.
References
Populated places in Minab County |
was a Japanese waka poet of the mid-Heian period. One of his poems was included in the Ogura Hyakunin Isshu, and thirty-one of his poems were included in imperial anthologies from the Goshūi Wakashū on.
Biography
Although his exact birth and death dates are unknown, he flourished around 998 to 1064.
A Tendai monk at Hiei-zan, he later became of the Gion Monastery. He lived as a hermit at Ōhara (Japanese Wikipedia) and then, late in life, at .
Poetry
Thirty-one of his poems were included in imperial anthologies from the Goshūi Wakashū on.
The following poem by him was included as No. 70 in Fujiwara no Teika's Ogura Hyakunin Isshu:
References
Bibliography
McMillan, Peter. 2010 (1st ed. 2008). One Hundred Poets, One Poem Each. New York: Columbia University Press.
Suzuki Hideo, Yamaguchi Shin'ichi, Yoda Yasushi. 2009 (1st ed. 1997). Genshoku: Ogura Hyakunin Isshu. Tokyo: Bun'eidō.
External links
List of Egyō's poems in the International Research Center for Japanese Studies's online waka database.
Egyō-hōshi-shū in the same database.
Egyō on Kotobank.
11th century in Japan
11th-century Japanese poets
People of Heian-period Japan
Japanese Buddhist clergy
Articles containing Japanese poems
Hyakunin Isshu poets
Heian period Buddhist clergy |
Ernest DiGregorio (born January 15, 1951), also known as "Ernie D.", is an American former professional basketball player. He played in the National Basketball Association (NBA) for the Buffalo Braves, Los Angeles Lakers, and Boston Celtics from 1973 to 1978.
DiGregorio was named NBA Rookie of the Year in the 1973–74 season and shares the NBA rookie record for assists in a single game with 25. Due to a severe knee injury suffered early in DiGregorio's professional career, he played only five NBA seasons.
A 1973 NCAA All-American at Providence, DiGregorio was inducted into the College Basketball Hall of Fame in 2019.
Early life
DiGregorio played on the 1968 Rhode Island (Class B) champions at North Providence High School.
College and NBA career
He and Marvin Barnes led Coach Dave Gavitt's Providence team to a Final Four appearance in the 1973 NCAA Tournament in DiGregorio's senior season, where they eventually lost to Memphis State, but only after Barnes sustained a knee injury that forced an early exit. After playing for the Providence College Friars, DiGregorio played on a college all-star team, and along with Bill Walton, led the U.S. in defeating a Soviet team in an exhibition game, which helped heal the still-open wound of the United States' loss in the 1972 Summer Olympic finals.
Buffalo Braves (1973–1977)
Ernie "D" was drafted by the Kentucky Colonels of the American Basketball Association but opted instead for the NBA.
He was selected third overall by the Buffalo Braves (a franchise now known as the Los Angeles Clippers) in the 1973 NBA draft out of Providence College, and won the NBA Rookie of the Year Award in 1973–74 after averaging 15.2 points and leading the league in both free throw percentage and assists per game. DiGregorio still holds the NBA rookie record for assists in a single game with 25 (a record now shared with Nate McMillan). He would never again come close to that level of production, but managed to have a decent NBA career, most of which he spent with the Braves.
During the 1976–77 season, DiGregorio led the league in free throw percentage a second time, with a then-NBA record 94.5%. In 1977, he joined fellow NBA stars Julius Erving, Rick Barry, Wilt Chamberlain, and Pete Maravich, in endorsing Spalding's line of rubber basketballs, with a signature "Ernie D." ball making up part of the collection.
Los Angeles Lakers (1977–1978)
Before the 1977–78 season, DiGregorio was traded to the Los Angeles Lakers, and played in a Lakers' uniform in only 25 games before being waived.
Boston Celtics (1978)
The Boston Celtics signed him as a free agent but he played only sparingly for the rest of the season. He would not play in the NBA again, although he did not formally retire until 1981.
Honors
In 1999, DiGregorio was elected to the National Italian American Sports Hall of Fame.
DiGregorio was inducted into the College Basketball Hall of Fame in 2019.
NBA career statistics
Regular season
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"|Buffalo
| 81 || || 35.9 || .421 || ||style="background:#cfecec;"|.902* || 2.7 ||style="background:#cfecec;"| 8.2* || 0.7 || 0.1 || 15.2
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"|Buffalo
| 31 || || 23.0 || .440 || || .778 || 1.5 || 4.9 || 0.6 || 0.0 || 7.8
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"|Buffalo
| 67 || || 20.4 || .384 || || .915 || 1.7 || 4.0 || 0.6 || 0.0 || 6.7
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"|Buffalo
| 81 || || 28.0 || .417 || ||style="background:#cfecec;"|.945* || 2.3 || 4.7 || 0.7 || 0.0 || 10.7
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"|L.A. Lakers
| 25 || || 13.3 || .410 || || .800 || 0.9 || 2.8 || 0.2 || 0.0 || 3.9
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|
| style="text-align:left;"|Boston
| 27 || || 10.1 || .431 || || .923 || 1.0 || 2.4 || 0.4 || 0.0 || 3.9
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"|Career
| 312 || || 25.2 || .415 || || .902 || 2.0 || 5.1 || 0.6 || 0.0 || 9.6
Playoffs
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|1974
| style="text-align:left;”|Buffalo
| 6 || || 40.0 || .430 || || .889 || 2.7 || 8.7 || 0.2 || 0.0 || 13.7
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|1976
| style="text-align:left;”|Buffalo
| 9 || || 24.1 || .484 || || 1.000 || 1.4 || 5.0 || 0.6 || 0.2 || 7.6
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"|Career
| 15 || || 30.5 || .453 || || .941 || 1.9 || 6.5 || 0.4 || 0.1 || 10.0
College statistics
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 1970–71
| style="text-align:left;"| Providence
| 28 || || 36.2 || .481 || || .830 || 4.0 || 6.5 || || || 18.6
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 1971–72
| style="text-align:left;"| Providence
| 27 || || 38.0 || .436 || || .802 || 3.0 || 7.9 || || || 17.7
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 1972–73
| style="text-align:left;"| Providence
| 31 || || 36.0 || .478 || || .802 || 3.2 || 8.6 || || || 24.5
|- class=sortbottom
| style="text-align:center;" colspan=2|Career
| 86 || || 36.7 || .468 || || .812 || 3.4 || 7.7 || || || 20.5
|-
See also
List of National Basketball Association players with most assists in a game
References
External links
1951 births
Living people
All-American college men's basketball players
American men's basketball players
American people of Italian descent
Basketball players from Rhode Island
Boston Celtics players
Buffalo Braves draft picks
Buffalo Braves players
Kentucky Colonels draft picks
Los Angeles Lakers players
People from North Providence, Rhode Island
Point guards
Providence Friars men's basketball players |
The Broadway–Livingston Avenue Historic District is located at the junction of those two streets in Albany, New York, United States. It includes seven buildings remaining from an original 20, all contributing properties, and a Warren truss railroad bridge. In 1988 the area was recognized as a historic district and listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
It is the only intact concentration of 19th-century commercial and residential architecture on Broadway north of downtown Albany. Most of its buildings are two- and three-story rowhouses interspersed with brick commercial buildings of comparable scale and built between 1829 and 1876, a time period when the neighborhood enjoyed great prosperity as the eastern terminus of the Erie Canal. The bridge was built in 1900 to carry the New York Central Railroad tracks across Broadway at Colonie Street.
Urban renewal programs had cleared much of the surrounding land when the district was designated. Many of the buildings in the district were in poor condition at that time, and more than half have been demolished since then, leaving vacant lots. The remaining buildings still show evidence of urban blight; renovations have begun in the 2010s. Due to the demolitions, local historic preservation groups consider the district one of the most endangered historic sites in the city.
Geography
The district is an irregularly shaped area that includes property on both sides of both streets it is named for north and west of their intersection, including to the north of Colonie Street at the railroad bridge, but not that intersection itself. It is north of downtown Albany, at the point where the more densely built neighborhoods of large-scale commercial, residential and governmental buildings yield to residential neighborhoods of two-story houses. To the east the terrain is level to Albany's waterfront along the Hudson River a quarter-mile (500 m) to the east.
On the west the ground begins to rise to Pearl Street (New York State Route 32), where the Church of Holy Innocents, also listed on the Register, borders on the district at the Colonie Street intersection; to their west is the large Arbor Hill Historic District–Ten Broeck Triangle, another Register listing. Across Pearl from it is a modern housing project with two high-rise towers and a complex of two-story apartment buildings. One block to the south is the Broadway Row, on the other side of a large parking lot, four brick rowhouses also listed.
At its southern end the district includes the four easternmost lots on Livingston west of the intersection. It then takes in all the properties on the west side of Broadway to two lots south of the Colonie intersection and follows the side of the street where it forks to allow traffic to turn left on Colonie at grade level while the main street descends under the bridge, a short distance north to the railroad right-of-way. From there it crosses Broadway to run an irregular path along the edge of a parking lot, turning south to cross Colonie. The boundary then turns west, following the edge of the street, then south along the east side of Broadway. After taking on some of the lots on the east side, it crosses the street and returns to where it began.
Within this area, the west side of Broadway and the south side of Livingston are the developed areas, with mostly brick buildings (except for 69 Livingston, which has aluminum siding over a timber frame structural system) dating to the district's period of significance. Most are one or two-story rowhouses or other residential or commercial structures. The vacant lots left by earlier demolitions on the east side have been redeveloped with a noncontributing small retail plaza and gas station. A row of trees border the rail line.
History
At the time of its founding in 1686, and throughout most of the 18th century, Albany was a small area coterminous with its present-day downtown, encircled by a stockade. Its charter extended its corporate limits a mile (1.6 km) north along the Hudson River from the stockade, to the vicinity of what is today Clinton Avenue. The land to the north was owned by the van Rensselaer family, the area's colonial patroons since it was settled by the Dutch.
In 1764, Stephen van Rensselaer II, then the patroon, had the area north of Albany surveyed, laid out in a grid pattern for future streets, subdivided and sold. It was incorporated as the original town of Colonie in 1795. Within two decades it had attracted a thousand residents, and in 1815 they persuaded the city of Albany to annex Colonie. It became the city's Fifth Ward.
For the first ten years afterward that was the only change. In 1825 the Erie Canal was completed, and the eastern terminus of the waterway was located where Colonie Street reaches the Hudson. The city built a large waterfront complex at the site. North Broadway began to grow. The neighborhood became known as the lumber district, since that commodity, harvested in the Adirondacks and Western New York, accounted for much of the cargo being shipped to Albany via the canal. New construction included both the mills where the wood was finished and the homes of those who grew prosperous from that and the shipping. The townhouse at 788 Broadway, no longer extant, was built during this early period and soon had a grocery and dry goods store in its lower story.
First passenger steam rail
The development of rail transport that followed the canal also impacted the area. In 1831 the first passenger steam rail service in the United States opened between Albany and Schenectady. Throughout the next decade passenger cars that had been ferried across the river were hauled up the steep hill on State Street downtown and then put on the tracks to Schenectady. In 1844, the tracks were shifted to the current route up the less steeper Patroon Creek ravine. A large freight transshipment complex was built nearby to unload freight from trains to boats and ferries, then reload it at a similar depot on the east side. The workers necessary for this operation settled in the neighborhood. Small businesses, serving the area's residents, opened in spaces like 802 Broadway.
One of those early houses, the non-extant 799 Broadway, was converted into a police station in 1863, reflecting the neighborhood's growth. After the Civil War a bridge was built, reducing the neighborhood's economic importance somewhat, although at the same time 810–812 Broadway was built as an art-supply store. Canal traffic declined as well with the improvements in railroading. In 1900 the present Warren truss iron bridge was built as part of an extensive project that reshaped the city's railroads. A new bridge across the Hudson replaced the first one and the Union Station was built downtown. The demolition of the Broadway station to clear the way for the new station and the filling in of the canal (rerouted to carry larger barges) for expanded freight yards deprived the neighborhood of its economic center.
20th-21st century
It slowly declined over the course of the 20th century. Most of the buildings outside the present district were demolished for urban renewal in the 1960s and '70s. Since the Register listing, buildings have been lost.
In the 2010s, some renovations began on the remaining buildings. In 2017 developer Michael Chiou announced plans to renovate 800–804 Broadway, the last buildings left on that block, which by then had deteriorated to the point that firefighters would not have been allowed to enter if the buildings had burned. By the end of 2019 that work had been done and 15 new apartments built. "It's a very blighted street that people kind of forgot about", Chiou said.
As part of a 2019 project to build Clinton Square Studios, a large block of affordable housing for actors performing at the nearby Capital Repertory Theatre on Broadway just south of the district, 70 and 72 Livingston were refaced. But across the street, 67 Livingston is slated for demolition.
Significant contributing properties
Of the original 20 buildings in the district, seven are left. The sole structure, the railroad bridge, also remains.
70 and 72 Livingston Avenue. These two identical two-and-a-half-story three-bay Greek Revival rowhouses, once part of a row of four, are the oldest extant buildings in the district now, dating to roughly 1840.
Railroad bridge, over Broadway at Colonie Street. This metal truss bridge with carried four separate tracks in its prime, three of which remain. Structurally it consists of three modified and riveted Warren truss webs resting on stone abutments, with lattice-braced diagonals, verticals, portals and overhead struts. The trusses support the box girders the ballasted deck rests on.
Currently, it carries Amtrak Empire Service passenger trains and CSX freight; the latter company owns it. Conrail, its owner at the time of the Register listing, objected to it.
Among the demolished buildings, 788 Broadway, a Greek Revival townhouse, was notable for its fluted Doric in antis columns. At its roofline was a molded cornice and frieze with a Greek key motif. Built in 1829, it had been the oldest building in the district until it was demolished.
In 2012, the buildings at 808 and 810–812 Broadway were demolished. The latter, a three-story Italianate building, built in 1872, was the most elaborate of the remaining buildings. From a cornice above the ground-floor storefront, two pilasters rose in the brick up the next two stories, flanking the central of the five front bays. At the roofline corbels supported an elaborate molded modillioned cornice.
Across the street, in the now vacant lots, 799 Broadway went through some major alterations to convert it into a police station in 1863. Its basic three-story, four-bay form from 1835 remained, but its Greek Revival stylings got some Italianate updates. The raised arch at the main entry was original, but the iron lintels, incised frieze panels and tripartite cornice with elaborate brackets in support were added at that time. A brick parapet and pent slate roof came in the next decade. Later still, in the early years of the 20th century, the stoop was removed for a new entrance at street level and large windows added in the basement.
See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Albany, New York
References
External links
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in New York (state)
Buildings and structures in Albany, New York
National Register of Historic Places in Albany, New York |
Cierzpięty is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Piecki, within Mrągowo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately north of Piecki, east of Mrągowo, and east of the regional capital Olsztyn.
References
Villages in Mrągowo County |
Beyond Scared Straight is a reality television series that aired on A&E from 2011 to 2015. The series follows troubled teenagers who spend one to three days in prison or jail to learn from the inmates about the realities of being incarcerated. The series was inspired by the 1978 American documentary Scared Straight!.
In June 2015, the network announced the series will end after season 9 which concluded September 3, 2015.
Summary
Based on the 1978 American documentary Scared Straight!, this series highlights juvenile crime prevention programs in prisons and jails throughout the United States. Each hour-long episode focuses on several at-risk teenagers. Throughout the series, these teens face intense confrontations from both law enforcement and inmates.
Each episode starts with individual interviews, where the teens discuss the reasons behind their habitual misconduct. Following this, they undergo the booking process, which includes removing jewelry, belts, hats, sunglasses, and other personal items. In certain episodes, the teens are required to wear prison jumpsuits.
They then experience life inside prison: visiting cell blocks, interacting with inmates, and eating prison meals. They also hear firsthand stories from inmates about their journeys to incarceration. An emotional segment lets the teens communicate with their parents via the prison visitor telephone system.
The episode concludes with a one-month follow-up, providing viewers with updates on the teens' paths. Some have managed to turn their lives around, while others remain on a troubled course.
Episodes
Season 1 (2011)
Season 2 (2011–12)
Season 3 (2012–13)
Season 4 (2013)
Season 5 (2013)
Season 6 (2014)
Season 7 (2014)
Season 8 (2014)
Season 9 (2015)
Controversy
Criticism
Two Department Of Justice officials argued that the program was “not only ineffective but is potentially harmful." The program helps teens by scaring them straight through a lousy concept. The series has been criticized due to the teens being in jail for adults which were considered life threatening and dangerous, and that the show violated the federal Juvenile Justice & Delinquency Prevention Act (JJDPA).
Related shows
The World's Strictest Parents
The Principal's Office
Teen Trouble
Sleeping with the Family
Scared Straight!
References
2010s American reality television series
2010s American drama television series
2011 American television series debuts
2015 American television series endings
A&E (TV network) original programming
English-language television shows
Television series about teenagers |
```kotlin
package de.westnordost.streetcomplete.osm.building
import de.westnordost.streetcomplete.data.osm.edits.update_tags.StringMapChangesBuilder
import de.westnordost.streetcomplete.osm.building.BuildingType.*
import de.westnordost.streetcomplete.osm.nowAsCheckDateString
import kotlin.test.Test
import kotlin.test.assertEquals
import kotlin.test.assertFails
class BuildingTypeCreatorKtTest {
@Test fun `set building as unsupported not possible`() {
assertFails { UNSUPPORTED.appliedTo(mapOf()) }
}
@Test fun `set building`() {
assertEquals(
mapOf("building" to "residential"),
RESIDENTIAL.appliedTo(mapOf())
)
assertEquals(
mapOf("building" to "residential"),
RESIDENTIAL.appliedTo(mapOf("building" to "yes"))
)
assertEquals(
mapOf("building" to "residential"),
RESIDENTIAL.appliedTo(mapOf("man_made" to "storage_tank"))
)
}
@Test fun `set man-made`() {
assertEquals(
mapOf("man_made" to "storage_tank"),
STORAGE_TANK.appliedTo(mapOf())
)
assertEquals(
mapOf("man_made" to "storage_tank"),
STORAGE_TANK.appliedTo(mapOf("man_made" to "silo"))
)
assertEquals(
mapOf("man_made" to "storage_tank"),
STORAGE_TANK.appliedTo(mapOf("building" to "roof"))
)
}
@Test fun `remove ruins etc`() {
assertEquals(
mapOf("building" to "roof", "historic" to "yes"),
ROOF.appliedTo(mapOf(
"building" to "residential",
"ruins" to "yes",
"abandoned" to "yes",
"disused" to "yes",
"historic" to "yes",
))
)
assertEquals(
mapOf("building" to "residential"),
RESIDENTIAL.appliedTo(mapOf("building" to "residential", "ruins" to "yes"))
)
}
@Test fun `does not remove historic when retagging historic building`() {
assertEquals(
mapOf("building" to "residential", "historic" to "yes"),
RESIDENTIAL.appliedTo(mapOf(
"building" to "yes",
"historic" to "yes"
))
)
}
@Test fun `set building type to yes when tagging as historic building`() {
assertEquals(
mapOf("building" to "yes", "historic" to "yes"),
HISTORIC.appliedTo(mapOf(
"building" to "apartments",
"historic" to "no"
))
)
}
@Test fun `update check date`() {
assertEquals(
mapOf("building" to "residential", "check_date" to nowAsCheckDateString()),
RESIDENTIAL.appliedTo(mapOf("building" to "residential"))
)
assertEquals(
mapOf("man_made" to "silo", "check_date" to nowAsCheckDateString()),
SILO.appliedTo(mapOf("man_made" to "silo"))
)
assertEquals(
mapOf("building" to "hut", "abandoned" to "yes", "check_date" to nowAsCheckDateString()),
ABANDONED.appliedTo(mapOf("building" to "hut", "abandoned" to "yes"))
)
}
@Test fun `don't overwrite aliases`() {
assertEquals(
mapOf("building" to "livestock", "check_date" to nowAsCheckDateString()),
FARM_AUXILIARY.appliedTo(mapOf("building" to "livestock"))
)
assertEquals(
mapOf("building" to "residential"),
RESIDENTIAL.appliedTo(mapOf("building" to "livestock"))
)
}
}
private fun BuildingType.appliedTo(tags: Map<String, String>): Map<String, String> {
val cb = StringMapChangesBuilder(tags)
applyTo(cb)
val mutableMap = tags.toMutableMap()
cb.create().applyTo(mutableMap)
return mutableMap
}
``` |
Cacia nigricollis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Heller in 1923. It is known from the Philippines.
References
Cacia (beetle)
Beetles described in 1923 |
Intikhab (8 May 1994 – 22 May 2016) was an American-bred racehorse who was trained in both the United Kingdom and Dubai. His reputation rested on wide margin victories in the Diomed Stakes at Epsom and the Queen Anne Stakes at Royal Ascot in June 1998. Although he never won (or even contested) a Group One race that season, his two wins were impressive enough to make him one of the highest-rated horses in the world. He later became a successful breeding stallion, siring the multiple Group One winner Snow Fairy and the leading miler Red Evie.
References
External links
Intikhab profile on the Godolphin website
1994 racehorse births
2016 racehorse deaths
Racehorses bred in the United States
Racehorses trained in the United Kingdom
Thoroughbred family 8-h |
```java
/*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
package com.weibo.api.motan.protocol.yar.annotation;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
/**
*
* @Description yar rpc config
* @author zhanglei
* @date 2016-6-7
*
*/
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
public @interface YarConfig {
/**
* yar rpc request path
* @return path
*/
String path() default "";
}
``` |
This is a list of episodes for the television series Police Story.
Original series overview
Original series episodes
Season 1 (1973–74)
Season 2 (1974–75)
Season 3 (1975–76)
Season 4 (1976–77)
Season 5 (1977–78)
Specials (1979–87)
Revival series overview
Revival series episodes
References
External links
Police Story at The Classic TV Archive
Lists of American crime drama television series episodes |
Mootaz Attia Mohamed Hasan, better known as Abu Quassey (born 20 March 1973) is a convicted people smuggler and the head of the syndicate that organised the fatal SIEV-X voyage.
Born in Egypt, Quassey became involved in people smuggling in Indonesia in the late 1990s.
Quassey started out as a junior associate of Ahmed Aloung (known as 'Ahmed the Indonesian'), one of the principals of the largest people-smuggling syndicate operating in Indonesia in the late 1990s.
External links
Abu Quassey
1973 births
Living people
Smugglers
Place of birth missing (living people)
Egyptian emigrants to Indonesia |
Hulasu Rural District () is in the Central District of Shahin Dezh County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran.
At the National Census of 2006, its population was 12,396 in 2,637 households. There were 10,606 inhabitants in 2,715 households at the following census of 2011. At the most recent census of 2016, the population of the rural district was 9,182 in 2,788 households. The largest of its 45 villages was Hachasu, with 1,416 people.
References
Shahin Dezh County
Rural Districts of West Azerbaijan Province
Populated places in Shahin Dezh County |
Pilmatueia is a diplodocoid sauropod belonging to the family Dicraeosauridae that lived in Argentina during the Early Cretaceous. Its type and only species is Pilmatueia faundezi. Pilmatueia was probably closely related to other South American dicraeosaurids such as Amargasaurus. Pilmatueia had relatively pneumatic vertebrae compared to other dicraeosaurids, which were otherwise characterized by a reduction in pneumaticity relative to other sauropods. Pilmatueia dates to the Valanginian, an age of the Cretaceous period for which dinosaur faunas are poorly known.
Discovery and naming
Fossils of Pilmatueia faundezi were discovered in Neuquén Province, Argentina, at a site called Pilmatué. Fossil excavations at Pilmatué began in 2009, and the discovery of dicraeosaurid remains at Pilmatué was first announced in 2012, at a paleontology conference in Buenos Aires. In 2019, Rodolfo Coria and colleagues named the new genus and species Pilmatueia faundezi. The genus name refers to the Pilmaté locality, and the species epithet recognizes Ramón Faúndez, manager of the Museo Municipal de Las Lajas, who supported the excavation project. The discovery of Pilmatueia in the Valanginian, an age of the Early Cretaceous with poorly known dinosaur faunas, helped fill a gap in the dicraeosaurid fossil record between Jurassic dicraeosaurids and the later Amargasaurus.
Fossil specimens
Pilmatueia faundezi fossils have been found in the Mulichinco Formation of Argentina. Known material includes the holotype, MLL Pv-005, a posterior dorsal vertebra; the paratype MLL-Pv-002, a posterior cervical vertebra; MLL-Pv-010, a partial skeleton including cervical vertebrae, dorsal vertebrae, ribs, a caudal vertebra, and incomplete scapulae; and other isolated vertebrae. Other dicraeosaurid fossils have been found in the Mulichinco Formation, including a femur and a natural cranial endocast, and it is possible that they also belong to Pilmatueia faundezi.
Description
Pilmatueia, like other dicraeosaurids, had tall, deeply forked neural spines on its cervical and dorsal vertebrae. The cervical neural spines were low compared to those of Amargasaurus and Bajadasaurus. As in most dicraeosaurids, the neural spines were inclined forward, unlike the backswept neural spines seen in Amargasaurus. Unlike most dicraeosaurids, which have reduced vertebral pneumaticity compared to other sauropods, the cervical vertebrae of Pilmatueia contain pneumatic chambers. However, as in other dicraeosaurids, the dorsal centra lack the pneumatic foramina that are characteristic of most sauropods. The cervical centra have ventral keels that are forked anteriorly and posteriorly, unlike the simple midline keels typical of other diplodocoids. A foramen is present on the proximal end of the cervical ribs, which probably is a nutrient foramen and not a pneumatic structure. The anterior dorsal vertebrae show an autapomorphic ridge on the anterior centrodiapophyseal lamina. Even the posterior dorsal vertebrae had forked neural spines, as in its close relative Amargasaurus, and unlike other dicraeosaurids in which forking of the neural spines only extended into the middle dorsal vertebrae. The posterior dorsal vertebrae show an autapomorphic pair of deep fossae near the bases of the neural spines. The scapula has a ridge on the medial surface near the acromion, which is not present in other dicraeosaurids.
Classification
Pilmatueia is a dicraeosaurid sauropod. Its phylogenetic position within Dicraeosauridae is uncertain, with some analyses finding it to be closely related to Amargasaurus and other analyses finding it to be a more basal dicraeosaurid, outside the clade uniting Dicraeosaurus, Brachytrachelopan, and Amargasaurus. Windholz et al. argued that, while phylogenetic analyses do not currently provide clear resolution for its affinities, on chronological and biogeographic grounds it is most likely to belong to a clade uniting the South American dicraeosaurids.
Paleoecology
Pilmatueia lived in what is now Argentina during the Valanginian age of the Cretaceous, and is a member of the Bajadan faunal assemblage. It coexisted with an indeterminate species of diplodocid and the small, early carcharodontosaur Lajasvenator. Podocarp trees were present in the ecosystem.
Footnotes
References
Dicraeosaurids
Early Cretaceous dinosaurs of South America
Cretaceous Argentina
Fossils of Argentina
Neuquén Basin
Fossil taxa described in 2019 |
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