text stringlengths 1 22.8M |
|---|
```c
/*++
version 3. Alternative licensing terms are available. Contact
info@minocacorp.com for details. See the LICENSE file at the root of this
project for complete licensing information.
Module Name:
memmap.c
Abstract:
This module implements support for returning the initial memory map on the
Raspberry Pi.
Author:
Chris Stevens 21-Dec-2014
Environment:
Firmware
--*/
//
// your_sha256_hash--- Includes
//
#include <uefifw.h>
#include "rpifw.h"
//
// your_sha256_hash Definitions
//
//
// ------------------------------------------------------ Data Type Definitions
//
//
// ----------------------------------------------- Internal Function Prototypes
//
//
// your_sha256_hash---- Globals
//
//
// your_sha256_hash-- Functions
//
EFI_STATUS
EfiPlatformGetInitialMemoryMap (
EFI_MEMORY_DESCRIPTOR **Map,
UINTN *MapSize
)
/*++
Routine Description:
This routine returns the initial platform memory map to the EFI core. The
core maintains this memory map. The memory map returned does not need to
take into account the firmware image itself or stack, the EFI core will
reserve those regions automatically.
Arguments:
Map - Supplies a pointer where the array of memory descriptors constituting
the initial memory map is returned on success. The EFI core will make
a copy of these descriptors, so they can be in read-only or
temporary memory.
MapSize - Supplies a pointer where the number of elements in the initial
memory map will be returned on success.
Return Value:
EFI status code.
--*/
{
return EfipBcm2709GetInitialMemoryMap(Map, MapSize);
}
//
// --------------------------------------------------------- Internal Functions
//
``` |
The Women's 4 x 6 kilometre relay biathlon competition of the Sochi 2014 Olympics was held at Laura Biathlon & Ski Complex on 21 February 2014.
Summary
Ukraine won their first ever gold Olympic medal in biathlon (and the second gold winter Olympic medal, the first one since 1994 (won by Oksana Baiul), ahead of Russia, the defending champion, and Norway. It also became the fourth nation — after France, Russia, and Germany — to ever win the Olympic gold medal in women's biathlon relay.
For the first time Germany failed to reach the podium in Olympic women's relay. Franziska Preuß, who was running the first leg, fell and broke a pole. After that, Germany was never in the medal contention. Marie-Laure Brunet, running the first leg for France, collapsed, so France did not finish.
On 27 November 2017, the IOC disqualified Olga Vilukhina and Yana Romanova for doping violations and stripped Russia of the silver medal. Fellow teammate Olga Zaitseva was sanctioned on 1 December 2017. On 24 September 2020, the Court of Arbitration for Sport removed the sanctions from biathletes Olga Vilukhina and Yana Romanova, but upheld them on their teammate Olga Zaitseva. Medals in this event were redistributed by the IOC on 19 May 2022. The Czech team was awarded the medals on 4 March 2023 during the Biathlon World Cup in Nové Město na Moravě.
Results
The race was started at 18:30.
References
Relay |
Powderhouse Hill is a community ski area owned by the Town of South Berwick, Maine and operated by the all-volunteer Powderhouse Ski Club. It consist of one rope tow, and three trails: 2 intermediate (66%) and 1 beginner (34%). Powderhouse Hill has no snowmaking thus its operation relies completely on natural snow.
History
Thomas Butler and Elizabeth Butler settled in the town in 1698. They were the original owners of Powderhouse Hill, also called Butler Hill at the time.
When North Berwick, South Berwick and Berwick, Maine were all one big town, a town meeting was called for the construction of a powder house. It was decided that it should be on Butler’s Hill, thus being renamed Powderhouse Hill after the powder house.
In August 1851, several arson fires were reported in South Berwick. First, arsonists burned down Hayes House on Academy Street and then the powder house on Butler Hill.
Powderhouse Ski Area was formed by William Hardy of Eliot, Maine. An avid skier, he had previously run similar operations on Barnards hill in Eliot then leased the land for where Powderhouse is today. The Hardy Family ran the operation, selling snacks, coffee, and running the rope tow until ownership was transferred years later.
The painter of the original Powderhouse Hill sign is unknown, but the sign was repainted in 2019 by locals from York, 11 year old Leah J. and her father. The sign now hangs above the small ski house.
A Ford Model A was converted to run a rope tow up Powderhouse Hill. The Powderhouse Hill Ski Club was incorporated on December 14, 1964. Powderhouse Hill is one of the oldest operating ski areas in the entire country.
A snow machine gun was added to the facility in time for the 2013-2014 winter season.
References
External links
Powderhouse Hill Ski Area
Snow Report & News
Ski Maine Association
Powderhouse Hill info page
Ski areas and resorts in Maine
Buildings and structures in York County, Maine
Tourist attractions in York County, Maine
South Berwick, Maine |
Star One, Star 1, and variants may refer to:
Star One (band), a Dutch music group
Star One (satellite operator), a Brazilian satellite company
Star One (Indian TV channel), a former Hindi-language TV channel
"Star One", an episode of Blake's 7
See also
"STARI" (Southern tick-associated rash illness)
One star (disambiguation)
Istar (disambiguation)
Star TV (disambiguation) |
```javascript
/**
*/
var chai = require('chai');
var assert = chai.assert;
const luMerger = require('./../../../src/parser/lu/luMerger');
const luObj = require('../../../src/parser/lu/lu');
const retCode = require('./../../../src/parser/utils/enums/CLI-errors');
const POSSIBLE_CHARS = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz 0123456789 ";
const LuisBuilder = require('./../../../src/parser/luis/luisBuilder');
describe('Validations for LU content (based on LUIS boundaries)', function () {
it (`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_INTENTS} intents in LU content`, function(done) {
LuisBuilder.fromLUAsync(new Array(new luObj(getMaxIntentTestData())))
.then(res => done(res))
.catch(err => {
assert.equal(err.errCode, retCode.errorCode.BOUNDARY_INTENTS);
assert(err.text.includes("501 intents found in application"));
done();
})
})
it (`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_UTTERANCES} utterances in LU content`, function(done) {
LuisBuilder.fromLUAsync(new Array(new luObj(getMaxUtteranceTestData())))
.then(res => done(res))
.catch(err => {
assert.equal(err.errCode, retCode.errorCode.BOUNDARY_UTTERANCES);
assert(err.text.includes("15001 utterances found in application"));
done();
})
})
it (`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_PATTERNANY_ENTITIES} pattern.any entities in LU content`, function(done) {
LuisBuilder.fromLUAsync(new Array(new luObj(getMaxPatternAnyEntities())))
.then(res => done(res))
.catch(err => {
assert.equal(err.errCode, retCode.errorCode.BOUNDARY_PATTERNANYENTITY);
assert(err.text.includes("pattern.any entities found in application."));
done();
})
})
it (`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_CHAR_IN_UTTERANCE} characters in any utterance`, function(done) {
LuisBuilder.fromLUAsync(new Array(new luObj(getMaxUtteranceCharLimit(), 'stdin', true)))
.then(res => done(res))
.catch(err => {
assert.equal(err.errCode, retCode.errorCode.BOUNDARY_UTTERANCE_CHAR_LENGTH);
assert(err.text.includes(`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_CHAR_IN_UTTERANCE} is allowed.`));
done();
})
})
it (`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_PATTERNS} patterns in LU content`, function(done) {
LuisBuilder.fromLUAsync(new Array(new luObj(getMaxPatterns(), 'stdin', true)))
.then(res => done(res))
.catch(err => {
assert.equal(err.errCode, retCode.errorCode.BOUNDARY_PATTERNS);
assert(err.text.includes(`patterns found in application. At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_PATTERNS} is allowed.`));
done();
})
})
it (`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_CHAR_IN_PATTERNS} characters in any pattern`, function(done) {
LuisBuilder.fromLUAsync(new Array(new luObj(getMaxPatternCharLimit(), 'stdin', true)))
.then(res => done(res))
.catch(err => {
assert.equal(err.errCode, retCode.errorCode.BOUNDARY_PATTERN_CHAR_LIMIT);
assert(err.text.includes(`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_CHAR_IN_PATTERNS} characters are allowed in any pattern.`));
done();
})
})
it (`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_REGEX_ENTITIES} regex entities`, function(done) {
LuisBuilder.fromLUAsync(new Array(new luObj(getMaxRegeExEntityDefinition(retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_REGEX_ENTITIES), 'stdin', true)))
.then(res => done(res))
.catch(err => {
assert.equal(err.errCode, retCode.errorCode.BOUNDARY_REGEX_ENTITY);
assert(err.text.includes(`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_REGEX_ENTITIES} is allowed.`));
done();
})
})
it (`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_CHAR_REGEX_ENTITY_PATTERN} characters in regex entity pattern`, function(done) {
LuisBuilder.fromLUAsync(new Array(new luObj(getMaxRegeExEntityDefinition(1, retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_CHAR_REGEX_ENTITY_PATTERN), 'stdin', true)))
.then(res => done(res))
.catch(err => {
assert.equal(err.errCode, retCode.errorCode.BOUNDARY_REGEX_CHAR_LIMIT);
assert(err.text.includes(`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_CHAR_REGEX_ENTITY_PATTERN} is allowed.`));
done();
})
})
it (`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_LIST_ENTITY_SYNONYMS} synonyms under any parent for a list entity`, function(done) {
LuisBuilder.fromLUAsync(new Array(new luObj(getListEntity(0, retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_LIST_ENTITY_SYNONYMS), 'stdin', true)))
.then(res => done(res))
.catch(err => {
assert.equal(err.errCode, retCode.errorCode.BOUNDARY_SYNONYMS_LENGTH);
assert(err.text.includes(`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_LIST_ENTITY_SYNONYMS} is allowed.`));
done();
})
})
it (`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_PHRASE_LISTS} phrase lists`, function(done) {
LuisBuilder.fromLUAsync(new Array(new luObj(getMaxPhraseLists(), 'stdin', true)))
.then(res => done(res))
.catch(err => {
assert.equal(err.errCode, retCode.errorCode.BOUNDARY_PHRASE_LIST_LIMIT);
assert(err.text.includes(`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_PHRASE_LISTS} is allowed.`));
done();
})
})
it (`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_INTERCHANGEABLE_PHRASES} phrases across all interchangeable phrase lists`, function(done) {
LuisBuilder.fromLUAsync(new Array(new luObj(getMaxPhraseLists(0, retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_INTERCHANGEABLE_PHRASES, true), 'stdin', true)))
.then(res => done(res))
.catch(err => {
assert.equal(err.errCode, retCode.errorCode.BOUNDARY_INTC_PHRASES_LIMIT);
assert(err.text.includes(`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_INTERCHANGEABLE_PHRASES} is allowed.`));
done();
})
})
it (`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NON_INTERCHANGEABLE_PHRASES} phrases across all non-interchangeable phrase lists`, function(done) {
LuisBuilder.fromLUAsync(new Array(new luObj(getMaxPhraseLists(0, retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NON_INTERCHANGEABLE_PHRASES), 'stdin', true)))
.then(res => done(res))
.catch(err => {
assert.equal(err.errCode, retCode.errorCode.BOUNDARY_NINTC_PHRASES_LIMIT);
assert(err.text.includes(`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NON_INTERCHANGEABLE_PHRASES} is allowed.`));
done();
})
})
it (`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_ROLES_PER_ENTITY} roles per entity`, function(done) {
LuisBuilder.fromLUAsync(new Array(new luObj(getEntityWithRoles())))
.then(res => done(res))
.catch(err => {
assert.equal(err.errCode, retCode.errorCode.BOUNDARY_ROLES_PER_ENTITY);
assert(err.text.includes(`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_ROLES_PER_ENTITY} is allowed.`));
done();
})
})
it (`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_ROLES} roles across all entities per LU content`, function(done) {
LuisBuilder.fromLUAsync(new Array(new luObj(getEntityWithRoles(51, 6))))
.then(res => done(res))
.catch(err => {
assert.equal(err.errCode, retCode.errorCode.BOUNDARY_TOTAL_ROLES);
assert(err.text.includes(`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_ROLES} is allowed.`));
done();
})
})
it (`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_DESCRIPTORS_PER_MODEL} descriptors per model`, function(done) {
LuisBuilder.fromLUAsync(new Array(new luObj(getEntityWithFeatures())))
.then(res => done(res))
.catch(err => {
assert.equal(err.errCode, retCode.errorCode.BOUNDARY_FEATURE_PER_MODEL);
assert(err.text.includes(`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_DESCRIPTORS_PER_MODEL} is allowed.`));
done();
})
})
it (`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_PARENT_ENTITIES} parent nodes in an ML entitiy`, function(done) {
LuisBuilder.fromLUAsync(new Array(new luObj(getMLEntity())))
.then(res => done(res))
.catch(err => {
assert.equal(err.errCode, retCode.errorCode.BOUNDARY_PARENT_ENTITY_LIMIT);
assert(err.text.includes(`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_PARENT_ENTITIES} is allowed.`));
done();
})
})
it (`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_TOTAL_ENTITES_AND_ROLES} total entities and roles in given LU content`, function(done) {
LuisBuilder.fromLUAsync(new Array(new luObj(getMaxEntityAndRoles())))
.then(res => done(res))
.catch(err => {
assert.equal(err.errCode, retCode.errorCode.BOUNDARY_TOTAL_ENTITIES_AND_ROLES);
assert(err.text.includes(`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_TOTAL_ENTITES_AND_ROLES} is allowed.`));
done();
})
})
it (`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_CLOSED_LISTS} list entities`, function(done) {
LuisBuilder.fromLUAsync(new Array(new luObj(getMaxListEntity())))
.then(res => done(res))
.catch(err => {
assert.equal(err.errCode, retCode.errorCode.BOUNDARY_TOTAL_CLOSED_LISTS);
assert(err.text.includes(`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_CLOSED_LISTS} is allowed.`));
done();
})
})
it (`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_PHRASES_IN_ALL_PHRASE_LIST} phrases across all phrase lists`, function(done) {
LuisBuilder.fromLUAsync(new Array(new luObj(getMaxPhraseLists(0, retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_PHRASES_IN_ALL_PHRASE_LIST), 'stdin', true)))
.then(res => done(res))
.catch(err => {
assert.equal(err.errCode, retCode.errorCode.BOUNDARY_TOTAL_PHRASES);
assert(err.text.includes(`At most ${retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_PHRASES_IN_ALL_PHRASE_LIST} is allowed.`));
done();
})
})
})
const getMaxListEntity = function() {
let fc = '';
for (var i = 0; i <= retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_CLOSED_LISTS; i++) {
fc += `
@ list entity${i}`;
}
return fc;
}
const getMaxEntityAndRoles = function() {
let fc = '';
for (var i = 0; i < retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_ROLES; i++) {
fc += `
@ ml entityBase${i} hasRoles role${i}`;
}
for (var j = retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_ROLES; j <= retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_TOTAL_ENTITES_AND_ROLES; j++) {
fc += `
@ ml entityFillUp${j}`
}
return fc;
}
const getMLEntity = function() {
let fc = '';
for (var i = 0; i <= retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_PARENT_ENTITIES; i++) {
fc += `
@ ml parentEntity${i} =
- @ ml childEntity${i}`;
}
return fc;
}
const getEntityWithFeatures = function() {
let fc = '';
let descriptorsList = [];
for (var i = 0; i <= retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_DESCRIPTORS_PER_MODEL; i++) {
let newEntityName = `entity${i}`;
descriptorsList.push(newEntityName);
fc += `
@ ml ${newEntityName}`;
}
fc += `
@ ml testEntity usesFeatures ${descriptorsList.join(',')}
`;
return fc;
}
const getEntityWithRoles = function(numEntities = 1, rolesPerEntity = retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_ROLES_PER_ENTITY) {
let fc = '';
let roleCounter = 1;
for (var i = 1; i <= numEntities; i++) {
fc += `
@ ml entity${i} hasRoles `;
for (var j = 1; j <= rolesPerEntity; j++) {
fc += `role${roleCounter++},`;
}
fc += `role${roleCounter++}`;
}
return fc;
}
const getMaxPhraseLists = function(numPhraseLists = retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_PHRASE_LISTS, numPhrases = null, intc = null) {
let fc = '';
for (var i = 0; i <= numPhraseLists; i++) {
fc += `
@ phraselist PL${i}`;
if (intc) fc += '(interchangeable)'
if (numPhrases) {
fc += ` =
- `;
for (var j = 0; j < numPhrases; j++) {
fc += `phrase${j},`
}
fc += `phrase-last
`;
}
}
return fc;
}
const getListEntity = function (numParents = retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_LIST_ENTITY_CANONICAL_FORM, numSynonyms = 0) {
let fc = `
@ list entity1 =
`;
for (var i = 0; i <= numParents; i++) {
fc += `
- parent${i} :
- `;
for (var j = 0; j < numSynonyms; j++) {
fc += `synonym${i}.${j}.${POSSIBLE_CHARS.charAt(Math.floor(Math.random() * POSSIBLE_CHARS.length))},`
}
fc += `synonym.last
`;
}
return fc;
}
const getMaxRegeExEntityDefinition = function(entityNum = retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_REGEX_ENTITIES, charLimit = retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_REGEX_ENTITIES) {
let fc = '';
for (var i = 0; i <= entityNum; i++) {
fc += `
@ regex entity${i} = /`;
for (var j = 0; j <= charLimit; j++) {
fc += POSSIBLE_CHARS.charAt(Math.floor(Math.random() * POSSIBLE_CHARS.length));
}
fc += '/'
}
return fc;
}
const getMaxPatternCharLimit = function() {
let fc = `
# testIntent
- this {pattern} is invalid`;
for (var i = 0; i <= retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_CHAR_IN_PATTERNS + 100; i++) {
fc += POSSIBLE_CHARS.charAt(Math.floor(Math.random() * POSSIBLE_CHARS.length));
}
return fc;
}
const getMaxPatterns = function() {
let fc = `
# testIntent`;
for (var i = 0; i <= retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_PATTERNS; i++) {
fc += `
- utterance${i} is actually a {pattern}`;
}
return fc;
}
const getMaxIntentTestData = function() {
let fc = '';
for (var i = 0; i <= retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_INTENTS; i++) {
fc += `
# Intent${i}
- utterance${i}
`;
}
return fc;
}
const getMaxUtteranceTestData = function() {
let fc = `
# intent1`;
for (var i = 0; i <= retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_UTTERANCES; i++) {
fc += `
- utterance${i}`;
}
return fc;
}
const getMaxPatternAnyEntities = function() {
let fc = '';
for (var i = 0; i <= retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_NUM_PATTERNANY_ENTITIES; i++) {
fc += `
@ patternany entity${i}`;
}
return fc;
}
const getMaxUtteranceCharLimit = function() {
let fc = `
# testIntent
- `;
for (var i = 0; i <= retCode.boundaryLimits.MAX_CHAR_IN_UTTERANCE + 100; i++) {
fc += POSSIBLE_CHARS.charAt(Math.floor(Math.random() * POSSIBLE_CHARS.length));
}
return fc;
}
``` |
P/ (Elenin) is a periodic comet with a preliminary orbital period estimated at 13 ± 0.16 years. It came to perihelion (closest approach to the Sun) around 20 January 2011 at 1.2 AU from the Sun. The orbit is preliminary as it has only been observed over an observation-arc of 22 days. The comet was discovered on 7 July 2011 when the comet was 2.38 AU from the Sun and 1.4 AU from the Earth. It came to opposition 178.6° from the Sun on 22 July 2011 in the constellation Sagittarius.
The preliminary orbit shows the next perihelion passage to be around January 2024. An observation arc of 30 days would allow a better refinement to the orbit of this comet.
P/2011 NO1 was the second comet discovered by Leonid Elenin. The first comet discovered by Elenin was comet C/2010 X1. Both comets were discovered with the aid of the automatic detection program CoLiTec.
On 29 January 2013 the Minor Planet Center awarded Leonid Elenin a 2012 Edgar Wilson Award for the discovery of comets by amateurs.
References
External links
Orbital simulation from JPL (Java) / Horizons Ephemeris
Elements and Ephemeris for P/2011 NO1 – Minor Planet Center
Survey anniversary gift – a new comet is discovered! (Leonid Elenin – SpaceObs – 19 July 2011)
New comet P/2011 NO1 (Luca Buzzi – 19 July 2011)
New Comet: P/2011 NO1 (Remanzacco Observatory – 19 July 2011)
20110707
20110120 |
The 1991 Vuelta a España was the 46th edition of the Vuelta a España, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Vuelta began in Mérida, with an individual time trial on 29 April. Stage 11 was cancelled on 9 May, after snowfall, and stage 12 took place on 10 May with a stage from Bossòst. The race finished in Madrid on 19 May.
Stage 11
9 May 1991 — Andorra la Vella to Pla-de-Beret
This stage was planned to be in length, passing over the Port del Cantó, the Port de la Bonaigua and finishing atop the Pla de Beret. The stage was cancelled due to heavy snowfall.
Stage 12
10 May 1991 — Bossòst to Cerler,
Stage 13
11 May 1991 — Benasque to Zaragoza,
Stage 14
12 May 1991 — Ezcaray to Valdezcaray, (ITT)
Stage 15
13 May 1991 — Santo Domingo de la Calzada to Santander,
Stage 16
14 May 1991 — Santander to Lagos de Covadonga,
Stage 17
15 May 1991 — Cangas de Onís to Alto del Naranco,
Stage 18
16 May 1991 — León to Valladolid,
Stage 19
17 May 1991 — Valladolid to Valladolid, (ITT)
Stage 20
18 May 1991 — Palazuelos de Eresma to Palazuelos de Eresma,
Stage 21
19 May 1991 — Collado Villalba to Madrid,
References
1991 Vuelta a España
Vuelta a España stages |
```javascript
/**
* @license Apache-2.0
*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
'use strict';
/**
* Compute the standard deviation of a single-precision floating-point strided array.
*
* @module @stdlib/stats/base/sstdev
*
* @example
* var Float32Array = require( '@stdlib/array/float32' );
* var sstdev = require( '@stdlib/stats/base/sstdev' );
*
* var x = new Float32Array( [ 1.0, -2.0, 2.0 ] );
* var N = x.length;
*
* var v = sstdev( N, 1, x, 1 );
* // returns ~2.0817
*
* @example
* var Float32Array = require( '@stdlib/array/float32' );
* var floor = require( '@stdlib/math/base/special/floor' );
* var sstdev = require( '@stdlib/stats/base/sstdev' );
*
* var x = new Float32Array( [ 2.0, 1.0, 2.0, -2.0, -2.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 ] );
* var N = floor( x.length / 2 );
*
* var v = sstdev.ndarray( N, 1, x, 2, 1 );
* // returns 2.5
*/
// MODULES //
var join = require( 'path' ).join;
var tryRequire = require( '@stdlib/utils/try-require' );
var isError = require( '@stdlib/assert/is-error' );
var main = require( './main.js' );
// MAIN //
var sstdev;
var tmp = tryRequire( join( __dirname, './native.js' ) );
if ( isError( tmp ) ) {
sstdev = main;
} else {
sstdev = tmp;
}
// EXPORTS //
module.exports = sstdev;
// exports: { "ndarray": "sstdev.ndarray" }
``` |
Filippo Carli (8 March 1876 – 27 May 1938) was an Italian sociologist and fascist economist. After graduating in law in 1916, he was appointed as secretary of the Chamber of Commerce of Brescia. He retained this post until 1928 meanwhile studying sociology and economic history. He went on to teach at the universities of Cagliari and Pisa.
As an Italian nationalist, Carli opposed both liberalism and socialism, and became a leading theorist of the corporate state with Premesse di economia corporativa (1929) and Le basi storiche e dottrinali dell'economia corporativa (1938). His son Guido Carli became a prominent Italian banker.
Works
Il fondamento razionale del dovere degli stati di abolire la guerra, Bologna, Libreria internazionale Treves di L. Beltrami, 1900.
Nazionalismo economico, Milano, Tip. La Stampa Commerciale, 1911.
Il problema dell'insegnamento professionale, Camera di commercio ed industria della provincia di Brescia, Brescia, Pea, 1915.
La ricchezza e la guerra, Milano, Fratelli Treves editori, 1915.
Gli imperialismi in conflitto e la loro psicologia economica, Brescia, Tip. Ed. Pea, 1915.
L' altra guerra, Milano, Fratelli Treves editori, 1916.
Problemi e possibilità del dopo-guerra nella provincia di Brescia, Brescia, Stab. tip. F. Apollonio & C. Comprende:
1. Camera di commercio ed industria, Brescia, 1916.
2. Inchiesta sui salari nel 1915 e 1916, 1917.
3. Inchiesta sul capitale e sulla tecnica, 1917.
La partecipazione degli operai alle imprese, Brescia, Stab. tip. F. Apollonio & C., 1918.
Le esportazioni, Milano, Treves, 1921.
Dopo il nazionalismo : Problemi nazionali e sociali, Bologna-Rocca S. Casciano, Cappelli, 1922.
Introduzione alla sociologia generale, Bologna, Zanichelli, 1925.
Le teorie sociologiche, Scuola di scienze politiche e sociali della R. Universita di Padova, Padova, CEDAM, 1925.
Premesse di economia corporativa, Pisa, Nistri-Lischi Editori, 1929.
Teoria generale della economia politica nazionale, preface by Giuseppe Bottai, Milano, Hoepli, 1931.
Saggi di storia economico-sociale, Pisa, Nistri-Lischi, 1932.
Storia del commercio italiano, Padova, Cedam. Comprende:
1. Il mercato nell'alto Medio Evo, 1934
2. Il mercato nell'età del comune, 1936
Le basi storiche e dottrinali dell'economia corporativa, Padova, Cedam, 1938.
References
External links
1870s births
1938 deaths
Italian fascists
20th-century Italian people
People from Comacchio |
```go
/*
path_to_url
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
package v1
// This file contains a collection of methods that can be used from go-restful to
// generate Swagger API documentation for its models. Please read this PR for more
// information on the implementation: path_to_url
//
// TODOs are ignored from the parser (e.g. TODO(andronat):... || TODO:...) if and only if
// they are on one line! For multiple line or blocks that you want to ignore use ---.
// Any context after a --- is ignored.
//
// Those methods can be generated by using hack/update-generated-swagger-docs.sh
// AUTO-GENERATED FUNCTIONS START HERE. DO NOT EDIT.
var map_IPBlock = map[string]string{
"": "IPBlock describes a particular CIDR (Ex. \"192.168.1.1/24\") that is allowed to the pods matched by a NetworkPolicySpec's podSelector. The except entry describes CIDRs that should not be included within this rule.",
"cidr": "CIDR is a string representing the IP Block Valid examples are \"192.168.1.1/24\"",
"except": "Except is a slice of CIDRs that should not be included within an IP Block Valid examples are \"192.168.1.1/24\" Except values will be rejected if they are outside the CIDR range",
}
func (IPBlock) SwaggerDoc() map[string]string {
return map_IPBlock
}
var map_NetworkPolicy = map[string]string{
"": "NetworkPolicy describes what network traffic is allowed for a set of Pods",
"metadata": "Standard object's metadata. More info: path_to_url#metadata",
"spec": "Specification of the desired behavior for this NetworkPolicy.",
}
func (NetworkPolicy) SwaggerDoc() map[string]string {
return map_NetworkPolicy
}
var map_NetworkPolicyEgressRule = map[string]string{
"": "NetworkPolicyEgressRule describes a particular set of traffic that is allowed out of pods matched by a NetworkPolicySpec's podSelector. The traffic must match both ports and to. This type is beta-level in 1.8",
"ports": "List of destination ports for outgoing traffic. Each item in this list is combined using a logical OR. If this field is empty or missing, this rule matches all ports (traffic not restricted by port). If this field is present and contains at least one item, then this rule allows traffic only if the traffic matches at least one port in the list.",
"to": "List of destinations for outgoing traffic of pods selected for this rule. Items in this list are combined using a logical OR operation. If this field is empty or missing, this rule matches all destinations (traffic not restricted by destination). If this field is present and contains at least one item, this rule allows traffic only if the traffic matches at least one item in the to list.",
}
func (NetworkPolicyEgressRule) SwaggerDoc() map[string]string {
return map_NetworkPolicyEgressRule
}
var map_NetworkPolicyIngressRule = map[string]string{
"": "NetworkPolicyIngressRule describes a particular set of traffic that is allowed to the pods matched by a NetworkPolicySpec's podSelector. The traffic must match both ports and from.",
"ports": "List of ports which should be made accessible on the pods selected for this rule. Each item in this list is combined using a logical OR. If this field is empty or missing, this rule matches all ports (traffic not restricted by port). If this field is present and contains at least one item, then this rule allows traffic only if the traffic matches at least one port in the list.",
"from": "List of sources which should be able to access the pods selected for this rule. Items in this list are combined using a logical OR operation. If this field is empty or missing, this rule matches all sources (traffic not restricted by source). If this field is present and contains at least on item, this rule allows traffic only if the traffic matches at least one item in the from list.",
}
func (NetworkPolicyIngressRule) SwaggerDoc() map[string]string {
return map_NetworkPolicyIngressRule
}
var map_NetworkPolicyList = map[string]string{
"": "NetworkPolicyList is a list of NetworkPolicy objects.",
"metadata": "Standard list metadata. More info: path_to_url#metadata",
"items": "Items is a list of schema objects.",
}
func (NetworkPolicyList) SwaggerDoc() map[string]string {
return map_NetworkPolicyList
}
var map_NetworkPolicyPeer = map[string]string{
"": "NetworkPolicyPeer describes a peer to allow traffic from. Only certain combinations of fields are allowed",
"podSelector": "This is a label selector which selects Pods. This field follows standard label selector semantics; if present but empty, it selects all pods.\n\nIf NamespaceSelector is also set, then the NetworkPolicyPeer as a whole selects the Pods matching PodSelector in the Namespaces selected by NamespaceSelector. Otherwise it selects the Pods matching PodSelector in the policy's own Namespace.",
"namespaceSelector": "Selects Namespaces using cluster-scoped labels. This field follows standard label selector semantics; if present but empty, it selects all namespaces.\n\nIf PodSelector is also set, then the NetworkPolicyPeer as a whole selects the Pods matching PodSelector in the Namespaces selected by NamespaceSelector. Otherwise it selects all Pods in the Namespaces selected by NamespaceSelector.",
"ipBlock": "IPBlock defines policy on a particular IPBlock. If this field is set then neither of the other fields can be.",
}
func (NetworkPolicyPeer) SwaggerDoc() map[string]string {
return map_NetworkPolicyPeer
}
var map_NetworkPolicyPort = map[string]string{
"": "NetworkPolicyPort describes a port to allow traffic on",
"protocol": "The protocol (TCP, UDP, or SCTP) which traffic must match. If not specified, this field defaults to TCP.",
"port": "The port on the given protocol. This can either be a numerical or named port on a pod. If this field is not provided, this matches all port names and numbers.",
}
func (NetworkPolicyPort) SwaggerDoc() map[string]string {
return map_NetworkPolicyPort
}
var map_NetworkPolicySpec = map[string]string{
"": "NetworkPolicySpec provides the specification of a NetworkPolicy",
"podSelector": "Selects the pods to which this NetworkPolicy object applies. The array of ingress rules is applied to any pods selected by this field. Multiple network policies can select the same set of pods. In this case, the ingress rules for each are combined additively. This field is NOT optional and follows standard label selector semantics. An empty podSelector matches all pods in this namespace.",
"ingress": "List of ingress rules to be applied to the selected pods. Traffic is allowed to a pod if there are no NetworkPolicies selecting the pod (and cluster policy otherwise allows the traffic), OR if the traffic source is the pod's local node, OR if the traffic matches at least one ingress rule across all of the NetworkPolicy objects whose podSelector matches the pod. If this field is empty then this NetworkPolicy does not allow any traffic (and serves solely to ensure that the pods it selects are isolated by default)",
"egress": "List of egress rules to be applied to the selected pods. Outgoing traffic is allowed if there are no NetworkPolicies selecting the pod (and cluster policy otherwise allows the traffic), OR if the traffic matches at least one egress rule across all of the NetworkPolicy objects whose podSelector matches the pod. If this field is empty then this NetworkPolicy limits all outgoing traffic (and serves solely to ensure that the pods it selects are isolated by default). This field is beta-level in 1.8",
"policyTypes": "List of rule types that the NetworkPolicy relates to. Valid options are \"Ingress\", \"Egress\", or \"Ingress,Egress\". If this field is not specified, it will default based on the existence of Ingress or Egress rules; policies that contain an Egress section are assumed to affect Egress, and all policies (whether or not they contain an Ingress section) are assumed to affect Ingress. If you want to write an egress-only policy, you must explicitly specify policyTypes [ \"Egress\" ]. Likewise, if you want to write a policy that specifies that no egress is allowed, you must specify a policyTypes value that include \"Egress\" (since such a policy would not include an Egress section and would otherwise default to just [ \"Ingress\" ]). This field is beta-level in 1.8",
}
func (NetworkPolicySpec) SwaggerDoc() map[string]string {
return map_NetworkPolicySpec
}
// AUTO-GENERATED FUNCTIONS END HERE
``` |
Jason Reeves may refer to:
Jason Reeves (radio broadcaster) (born 1976), New Zealand radio personality
Jason Reeves (songwriter) (born 1984), American folk songwriter |
VG-62 Ringette is a ringette club in Finland from Naantali. The club was founded in 1979 and plays in the Finland national ringette league, SM Ringette (formerly ). It is one of the sports divisions of the VG-62 sports club. VG-62 Ringette has won six gold, five silver, and two bronze in the SM Ringette league which was established in 1987. In addition, VG-62 has B–F junior teams in ringette.
The team's home arena is , which was completed in 2002 with 500 seats.
History
Ringette was introduced to the city of Naantali towards the end of 1979 by a father-son duo, Alpo Lindström and his son, Jan Lindström, after Jan witnessed girls playing the sport while he had been an exchange student in the United States in 1978. Jan created the VG-62 ringette club once he returned to Finland. The ringette club is a division of the sports club VG-62. Alpo served as chairman of the local ringette association, the VG-62 ringette team coach, and sometimes as the team's manager. He was instrumental in establishing Finland's national ringette association in 1983 (Ringette Finland) and later served as a member of the International Ringette Federation (IRF) board.
References
External links
Homepage of VG-62 Ringete representative team
VG-62 Ringete homepage
Ringette teams
Sport in Finland
Sports clubs and teams established in 1979 |
Cumberland Township is the name of some places in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania:
Cumberland Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania
Cumberland Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania
See also
Cumberland Valley Township, Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania township disambiguation pages |
```java
package chapter1.section1;
/**
* Created by Rene Argento
*/
public class Exercise1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int resultA = (0 + 15) / 2;
double resultB = 2.0e-6 * 100000000.1;
boolean resultC = true && false || true && true;
System.out.println("a) " + resultA);
System.out.println("b) " + resultB);
System.out.println("c) " + resultC);
}
}
``` |
The Best of Breed is a compilation album released by MC Breed. It peaked at number 66 on Billboard magazine's Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart in the U.S.
Track listing
"Ain't No Future in Yo' Frontin'"- 4:00
"Gotta Get Mine"- 4:17
"Everyday Ho"- 3:49
"Well Alright"- 5:08
"Seven Years"- 4:06
"Late Nite Creep (Booty Call)"- 4:56
"Aquapussy"- 4:10
"Tight"- 5:06
"Ain't Too Much Worried"- 5:24
"Just Kickin' It"- 3:54
"Game for Life"- 3:14
"Real MC"- 4:02
"Teach My Kids"- 4:17
"This Is How We Do It"- 5:07
References
MC Breed albums
1995 greatest hits albums |
2012–13 Albanian Cup () was the sixty-first season of Albania's annual cup competition. Laçi, the winners of the competition qualified for the first qualifying round of the 2013–14 UEFA Europa League. KF Tirana were the defending champions, but were eliminated by Kukësi in the second round.
Apart from the quarter-finals, the ties are played in a two-legged format similar to those of European competitions. If the aggregate score is tied after both games, the team with the higher number of away goals advances. If the number of away goals is equal in both games, the match is decided by extra time and a penalty shoot-out, if necessary.
Preliminary tournament
In order to reduce the number of participating teams for the first round to 32, a preliminary tournament is played. Only teams from the Second Division (third level) are allowed to enter. In contrast to the main tournament, the preliminary tournament is held as a single-leg knock-out competition.
First preliminary round
These matches took place on 12 September 2012.
Second preliminary round
These matches took place on 19 September 2012.
First round
All 30 teams of the 2012–13 Superliga and First Division entered in this round along with the two qualifiers from the Second Preliminary Round. The first legs were played on 26 September 2012 and the second legs took place on 3 October 2012.
Second round
All 16 qualified teams from First Round progressed to the second round. The first legs were played on 24 October 2012 and the second legs took place on 7 November 2012.
Quarter-finals
The 8 winners from the second round were placed in 2 groups of 4 teams each. Each group played a double round robin schedule for a total of 6 games for each team. The top 2 teams in each group advanced to the next round of the competition. These matches took place between 4 December 2012 and 5 March 2013.
Group A
Group B
Semi-finals
The four winners from the quarter-finals competed in this round. The matches took place on 3 and 17 April 2013.
Laçi advanced to the final.
Bylis advanced to the final.
Final
References
External links
Official website
Albanian Cup at soccerway.com
Cup
2012–13 domestic association football cups
2012-13 |
Alexander McNiven Thomson (20 February 1921 – 2010) was a Scotland international rugby union player. Thomson played as a Lock.
Rugby Union career
Amateur career
Thomson played for University of St. Andrews.
Provincial career
Thomson was selected for the combined North of Scotland team to play the South on 12 November 1949.
International career
He was capped for Scotland just once. He played in the Scotland v Ireland match at Murrayfield Stadium on 26 February 1949 in the Five Nations tournament.
References
1921 births
2010 deaths
Rugby union players from Perth and Kinross
North of Scotland (combined side) players
Scottish rugby union players
Scotland international rugby union players
University of St Andrews RFC players
Rugby union locks |
KCO may refer to:
Music
KCO, the former stage name of Keiko (musician)
Kings Chamber Orchestra, a chamber orchestra based in the United Kingdom
Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra (), a symphony orchestra based in Amsterdam
Other uses
Agip KCO, a division of Agip operating in the Kazakhstan (northern) sector of the Caspian Sea
Cengiz Topel Naval Air Station (IATA code KCO), a Turkish Navy air station and civil airport in Kocaeli Province, Turkey |
Rollin' on the River (later shortened to Rollin') is a musical variety television program hosted by Kenny Rogers and the First Edition. They were the first pop rock group to host their own prime-time TV series. The program was produced by Winters/Rosen Productions and Glen-Warren Productions in association with CTV Television Network in Canada. The show aired in syndication from 1971 to 1973. It was carried by 163 U.S. TV stations and 12 stations in Canada.
Rollin' on the River debuted in September 1971 as a 1-hour series at 7:00pm on Saturday nights. For the 1972 season, the show was abbreviated to Rollin', and the show's length was cut down to 30 minutes on Mondays at 7:30pm. It was produced at the CFTO studios in Toronto.
Ken Kragen, the personal manager for the First Edition, was the executive producer. Production began in May 1971 on a studio-built riverboat. Al Hirt was meant to be the co-host, but scheduling conflicts prevented him from spending more than one day shooting the pilot. The First Edition hosted most of the pilot which aired as Al Hirt Meets The First Edition.
The guests on the show included the Carpenters, Ike & Tina Turner, the Beach Boys, Delaney & Bonnie, B.B. King, Kris Kristofferson, Gladys Knight & the Pips, and Jose Feliciano.
References
External links
TV Archive.Ca
Retro Video
1971 Canadian television series debuts
1973 Canadian television series endings
First-run syndicated television shows in Canada
Television series by Glen-Warren Productions
1970s Canadian variety television series |
A ploughing match is a contest between people who each plough part of a field. Nowadays there are usually classes for horse-drawn ploughs and for tractor ploughing. Points are awarded for straightness and neatness of the resulting furrows.
The annual 3-day long Irish National Ploughing Championships has grown into one of the largest outdoor events in the world, with commercial exhibits and a significant national media presence.
In Ontario, the International Plowing Match is an important rural event.
References
External links
http://www.ploughmen.co.uk/
http://www.cheshireploughing.co.uk/
http://www.ploughingmatch.co.uk/
http://www.southwellploughingmatch.co.uk/
http://www.plowingmatch.org/
World Ploughing Match 1963, 1963, Archives of Ontario YouTube channel
Agriculture |
John C. Munro was an iron full-rigged ship built in 1862 by James Laing, Sunderland. Dimensions: 169"2'×28'2"×18'5" and tonnage: 612 tons.
She was launched on 8 November at the shipyard of James Laing in Sunderland, for George Lawson Munro & Company, London. Assigned the official British Reg. No. 45076 and was deployed in the China trade.
Key Events:
1869 Sailed from Amoy (Xiamen) to New York in 99 days.
1872 LR 1872-73: Master: Captain J. Kidder.
1873 Sold to Killick Martin & Company, London. Captain John Smith. (Former Captain of Lahloo) Of the 64 shares issued in the vessel John C. Munro, 32 were owned by the Killick Martin & Company's joint managing owners James Killick, James Henry Martin and David William Richie. The other 32 were owned by Edward Boustead.
Sailings recorded for Killick Martin & Company include transits to Hong Kong, Amoy (Xiamen), New York, Bremen, Valparaiso, Liverpool, Queenstown, Bangkok, Chittagong, Cardiff, Pitcairn Island, Melbourne and Victoria.
1885 Sold to Thomas Dobson Woodhead & Company, Hull.
1892 Sold to Cockerline & Company, Hull.
1893 June 13 Sold to Nils C. Corfitzon and partners, Helsingborg, for £1450 and was renamed ‘Norman’. Assigned the official Swedish Reg. No. 612 and signal JBRV. The new measurements were 51,80×8,31×5,59 meters and 641 GRT, 618 NRT and 900 DWT. Captain Edward Julius Hellgren, Helsingborg, owner of a 11/30 part was appointed master of the ship.
1896 June 15 Sailed from Sydney with a cargo of guano for Mauritius.
1896 July 1 Wrecked on the east coast of Eastern Fields, British New Guinea, just east of the entrance to Torres Straits. The crew of the captain's boat was picked up by a steamer while the mate's boat managed to reach the coast of New Guinea.
References
External links
Killick Martin & Company Ltd
Bruzelius: Killick Martin & Company Fleet
Tea clippers
Individual sailing vessels
Victorian-era merchant ships of the United Kingdom
Ships built on the River Wear
1862 ships |
```java
/*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
package examples.spring;
import org.mybatis.dynamic.sql.ParameterTypeConverter;
import org.springframework.core.convert.converter.Converter;
public class LastNameParameterConverter implements ParameterTypeConverter<LastName, String>, Converter<LastName, String> {
@Override
public String convert(LastName source) {
return source == null ? null : source.getName();
}
}
``` |
```xml
/*
* Wire
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
*
* along with this program. If not, see path_to_url
*
*/
import {USER_EVENT} from '@wireapp/api-client/lib/event/';
import {amplify} from 'amplify';
import ko from 'knockout';
import {WebAppEvents} from '@wireapp/webapp-events';
import {Notification, PreferenceNotificationRepository} from 'src/script/notification/PreferenceNotificationRepository';
import {PropertiesRepository} from 'src/script/properties/PropertiesRepository';
import {createUuid} from 'Util/uuid';
import {ClientEntity} from '../client/ClientEntity';
import {User} from '../entity/User';
describe('PreferenceNotificationRepository', () => {
const user = new User(createUuid(), null);
const userObservable = ko.observable(user);
beforeEach(() => {
spyOn(amplify, 'store').and.callFake(() => {});
});
it('subscribes to preference change events', () => {
spyOn(amplify, 'subscribe').and.callFake(() => {});
const preferenceNotificationRepository = new PreferenceNotificationRepository(userObservable);
expect(amplify.subscribe).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(3);
expect(preferenceNotificationRepository.notifications().length).toBe(0);
});
it('adds new notification when read receipt settings are changed', () => {
amplify.unsubscribeAll(WebAppEvents.USER.EVENT_FROM_BACKEND);
const preferenceNotificationRepository = new PreferenceNotificationRepository(userObservable);
amplify.publish(WebAppEvents.USER.EVENT_FROM_BACKEND, {
key: PropertiesRepository.CONFIG.WIRE_RECEIPT_MODE.key,
type: USER_EVENT.PROPERTIES_SET,
value: true,
});
expect(preferenceNotificationRepository.notifications().length).toBe(1);
expect(preferenceNotificationRepository.notifications()[0]).toEqual({
data: true,
type: PreferenceNotificationRepository.CONFIG.NOTIFICATION_TYPES.READ_RECEIPTS_CHANGED,
});
});
it('adds new notification when new device is added for self user', () => {
amplify.unsubscribeAll(WebAppEvents.USER.CLIENT_ADDED);
const preferenceNotificationRepository = new PreferenceNotificationRepository(userObservable);
const newClientData = new ClientEntity(true, '');
const {type, id, domain, model, time} = newClientData;
amplify.publish(WebAppEvents.USER.CLIENT_ADDED, user.qualifiedId, newClientData);
expect(preferenceNotificationRepository.notifications().length).toBe(1);
expect(preferenceNotificationRepository.notifications()[0]).toEqual({
data: {domain, id, model, time, type},
type: PreferenceNotificationRepository.CONFIG.NOTIFICATION_TYPES.NEW_CLIENT,
});
});
it('ignores new device notification if not from the self user', () => {
amplify.unsubscribeAll(WebAppEvents.USER.CLIENT_ADDED);
const preferenceNotificationRepository = new PreferenceNotificationRepository(userObservable);
const newClientData = new ClientEntity(true, '');
amplify.publish(WebAppEvents.USER.CLIENT_ADDED, {domain: '', id: createUuid()}, newClientData);
expect(preferenceNotificationRepository.notifications().length).toBe(0);
});
it('stores in local storage any notification added', () => {
const preferenceNotificationRepository = new PreferenceNotificationRepository(userObservable);
const notifications: Notification[] = [
{data: true, type: 'preference-changed'},
{data: false, type: 'device-changed'},
];
(amplify.store as any).calls.reset();
notifications.forEach((notification, index) => {
preferenceNotificationRepository.notifications.push(notification);
expect(amplify.store).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(index + 1);
});
});
it('restores saved notifications from local storage', () => {
const storedNotifications: Notification[] = [
{data: true, type: 'type-1'},
{data: false, type: 'type-2'},
];
(amplify.store as any).and.returnValue(JSON.stringify(storedNotifications));
const preferenceNotificationRepository = new PreferenceNotificationRepository(userObservable);
expect(preferenceNotificationRepository.notifications().length).toBe(storedNotifications.length);
expect(JSON.stringify(preferenceNotificationRepository.notifications())).toBe(JSON.stringify(storedNotifications));
});
it('returns notifications sorted by priority', () => {
const storedNotifications: Notification[] = [
{
data: false,
type: PreferenceNotificationRepository.CONFIG.NOTIFICATION_TYPES.READ_RECEIPTS_CHANGED,
},
{
data: true,
type: PreferenceNotificationRepository.CONFIG.NOTIFICATION_TYPES.NEW_CLIENT,
},
];
(amplify.store as any).and.returnValue(JSON.stringify(storedNotifications));
const preferenceNotificationRepository = new PreferenceNotificationRepository(userObservable);
const notifications = preferenceNotificationRepository.getNotifications();
expect(notifications[0].type).toBe(PreferenceNotificationRepository.CONFIG.NOTIFICATION_TYPES.NEW_CLIENT);
expect(notifications[1].type).toBe(
PreferenceNotificationRepository.CONFIG.NOTIFICATION_TYPES.READ_RECEIPTS_CHANGED,
);
expect(preferenceNotificationRepository.notifications().length).toBe(0);
});
});
``` |
Elizabeth Fee (December 11, 1946 – October 17, 2018), also known as Liz Fee, was a historian of science, medicine and health. She was the Chief of the United States National Library of Medicine History of Medicine Division.
Early life and education
Fee was born in Belfast to Deirdre and John Fee, Methodist missionaries. From the age of five months, she began travelling with her parents to destinations including China, Malaysia, India, Egypt and throughout Europe. After contracting scarlet fever in China, Fee lost her hearing in one ear. In her teen years, the family returned to Northern Ireland where Fee attended school.
Fee studied biology at the University of Cambridge and received a First. In 1968, she was awarded a Fulbright scholarship and went to study with Thomas Kuhn at Princeton University. She was awarded two master's degrees and obtained a PhD in the history and philosophy of science in 1978. Her dissertation, based on Victorian periodicals, was titled "Science and the 'Woman Question,' 1860–1920".
Career
Fee taught history of science and medicine at the State University of New York and introduced controversial courses on human sexuality.
In 1974, Fee went to work at Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, where she worked until 1995. She worked in departments including health humanities, international health, and health policy.
Fee was involved in the feminist movement and the Health Marxist Organisation. In 1994, she coedited Women's Health, Politics, and Power: Essays on Sex/Gender, Medicine, and Public Health with Nancy Krieger.
She became particularly well known for her work to document and analyse the history of HIV/AIDS. Historian Theodore M. Brown has said that Fee sought "to make sure that vulnerable people do not have their needs and rights trampled in the rush to 'protect the public.'" She coedited AIDS: The Burden of History in 1988 and AIDS: The Making of a Chronic Disease in 1992 with Daniel Fox. Her work informed scholarship on lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer health and wellbeing.
Fee produced almost thirty books and hundreds of articles, on topics as varied as the racialized treatment of syphilis, the history of the toothbrush, and bioterrorism. During her tenure at Johns Hopkins, Fee wrote a history of the School of Public Health, Disease and Discovery: A History of the Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, 1916–1939. This is considered the first "biography" of the first school of public health, and it documented power networks in a supposedly technocratic field. Later, she and Roy Acheson wrote a history of public health education.
In 1990, Fee became the editor of the history section of the American Journal of Public Health (AJPH).
In the 1990s, she started the Sigerist Circle, which examined class, race and gender, and the Spirit of 1848 Caucus of the American Public Health Association, which sought to improve the understanding of how identity influences public health.
Fee became the Chief of the History of Medicine Division at the National Library of Medicine in 1995. She oversaw moves to restructure the organisation around three sections: Rare Books and Early Manuscripts, Images and Archives, and Exhibitions. In the 2000s, she became one of the leaders of Global Health Histories, a group created by the Rockefeller Foundation and the World Health Organisation to analyse 20th-century public health initiatives. This resulted in the book The World Health Organization: A History, written with Marcos Cueto and Theodore M. Brown. She was appointed Chief Historian of the National Library of Medicine in 2011.
Shortly before her 2018 death, Fee retired to become an independent researcher.
Awards
Fee received the following awards:
Kellog fellowship - W. K. Kellogg Foundation
Fulbright fellowship
Regents Award - National Library of Medicine
Arthur Viseltear Award - American Public Health Association
National Council on Public History
Personal life
Fee met her wife, Mary Garafolo, in the 1980s when Fee was based at Johns Hopkins. They married in Vancouver in 2005.
Death and legacy
Fee died due to complications of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis on October 17, 2018, in Bethesda.
The June issue of APJH featured eight articles marking Fee's influence on the field of the history of public health.
References
External links
1946 births
2018 deaths
American women historians
American historians of science
Writers from Belfast
Northern Ireland emigrants to the United States
Alumni of the University of Cambridge
Princeton University alumni
State University of New York faculty
Johns Hopkins University faculty
LGBT historians
United States National Library of Medicine
Neurological disease deaths in Maryland
Deaths from motor neuron disease
20th-century American historians
21st-century American historians
LGBT academics
20th-century American women writers
21st-century American women writers
20th-century LGBT people from Northern Ireland
21st-century LGBT people from Northern Ireland |
Esther Neira de Calvo (1890–1978) was a prominent educator, feminist and women's right advocate. She was the first woman elected as a National Deputy to the Third Constituent Assembly in Panama. She was the founder and president of the National Society for the Advancement of Women and of the Women's Patriotic League, and actively worked for Panamanian women's enfranchisement, finally attained in 1945–46. She served as Executive Secretary of the Inter American Commission of Women from 1949 to 1965 and was Panama's Ambassador to the Council of the Organization of American States from 1966 to 1968.
Biography
Esther Neira de Calvo was born on May 1, 1890, in Penonomé, Coclé, when the Isthmus of Panama was a Colombian Department. Her parents were Rafael Neira Ayala, member of the National Constituent Assembly of the Republic of Panama in 1904, and Julia Laffargue de Neira. She began her studies in Penonomé and Taboga, continuing in Panama City at the Normal school for Women.
In 1904, soon after Panama separated from Colombia, the first Government of the Republic of Panama offered her a scholarship to study education in Belgium. She spent the next eight years studying at the Pedagogic Institute Wavre Notre Dame, Belgium, affiliated with the universities of Leuven and Brussels. During this time she earned degrees as primary school teacher and professor of pedagogy, specialized in secondary education and administration; professor of French and English languages, and professor of physical education. She also earned certificates as a nurse for community hygiene, a first aid attendant from the Belgian Red Cross and as voice professor, endorsed by the Antwerp Conservatory of Music. She traveled throughout countries of Europe, studying their cultures and languages. In 1912, she moved to the United States where she studied American education programs.
Educational work
Esther Neira returned to Panama in 1913 and began her professional career as a professor of pedagogy at the Normal School for Women. Later, she became a professor of Hygiene and Childcare at the Professional School.
At age 26 she married business man and public servant Raúl J. Calvo in 1916. Married for 42 years, Neira de Calvo was widowed in May 1958. The couple had one daughter, Gloriela Calvo Neira.
She continued her career in the field of education. In 1923, she accepted the position of Inspector General of secondary, normal and professional education in the Secretariat of Public Instruction until 1927. That same year, she returned to the Normal School for Women, Panama's only teacher's training school for women. In addition to directing the institution, she taught comparative education, pedagogy, psychology and French. After eleven years as the Directress, she left the Normal School in 1938 and organized the Women's Lyceum, a university preparatory school for women which she directed until 1945, when she was elected a National Deputy to the Third Constituent Assembly of the Republic of Panama.
Feminism
Esther Neira de Calvo had been involved in Panama's feminist movement since the second decade of the 20th century, fighting for the recognition of women's civil, political, economic and cultural rights. Esther Neira de Calvo and Clara González were undisputed leaders of that struggle.
As a delegate of Panama she attended in 1922 the first Pan American Women's Conference, organized by the League of Women Voters of the United States, held in Baltimore. There she shared experiences with Carrie Chapman Catt and other women who participated in the struggle for the 19th constitutional amendment of 1920 that granted political rights to the women of that country. Neira de Calvo also worked with feminist leaders from Latin America, such as Brazilian Bertha Lutz and Chilean Amanda Labarca.
That Conference was the incentive she needed to dedicate her life to the struggle for women's rights. The following year, 1923, Neira de Calvo founded the National Society for the Advancement of Women, together with prominent women of the time, such as Nicole Garay, Esperanza Guardia de Miró, Otilia Jiménez and Beatriz Miranda.
In 1926, she organized and chaired the Inter American Women's Congress, the first international feminist congress in Panama, in parallel to the Bolivarian Amphithetical Congress of 1826.
In 1938, when only five countries in the Americas recognized the right of women to vote and to be elected to political life, she was appointed by the Panamanian government as a delegate to the Inter American Commission of Women (IACW), an organization created in Havana in 1928, to work for the extension of civil, political, economic and cultural rights of women.
When the Organization of American States (OAS) was created in 1948 by the Ninth Pan American Conference in Bogotá, Colombia, the IACW became part of that organization. The following year, 1949, the OAS Secretary General appointed Neira de Calvo Executive Secretary of the IACW in Washington, DC, a position she held until her retirement in 1965.
Political life
The Government of Panama called for elections to the Third Constituent Assembly in February 1945 after the Cabinet Council granted women the right to vote and to be elected. Shortly thereafter, Esther Neira de Calvo with other feminists founded the Women's Patriotic League which had, among its objectives, the education of Panamanian women in the exercise of their civil and political rights through press articles, conferences and radio talks.
With the support of five political parties, she was proclaimed a candidate for National Deputy. An intense campaign followed throughout the country and when the votes were counted the next May 6, only two women were elected for the first time, who completed a total of fifty one deputies: Esther Neira de Calvo as a National Deputy and Gumercinda Páez for the Province of Panama.
As a National Deputy, Neira de Calvo was selected as a member of the commission of nine deputies to study the Proposed Constitution for discussion by the full Assembly. She actively participated in drafting the Labor and Sanitary Codes and was a proponent of laws creating the School of Social Services at the University of Panama, the Police School, and the National Council of Minors.
Social and cultural activities
Esther Neira de Calvo began her social and cultural activities together with her educational work. From the time the was founded in 1917, she collaborated with her founder and first president, , directing one of the groups of voluntary visitors to the most needy neighborhoods. In 1922, she was appointed vice president of the institution under the presidency of Doña Evelina Alfaro de Orillac.
In 1923, she initiated reforms to the prison system for women and minors. That same year she chaired the Panama Public Entertainment Board.
Esther Neira de Calvo was a founding member of the National Opera School in 1925, a private institution subsidized by the Panama Government. Under the direction of Italian professor and tenor Alfredo Graziani, she also enrolled as a student. The School prospered and it soon made its presence felt in the cultural life of the young Republic of Panama. With Professor Graziani and some of its advanced students, the School began to show its accomplishments by presenting operas at the National Theatre a year later. Neira de Calvo participated as a leading soprano in two of the earlier performances.
As Directress of the Normal School for Women, 1927–38, she established the Youth Red Cross. In addition, she promoted and organized school health programs, sports for women in secondary schools and school canteens in primary schools.
During the World War II, she assisted servicemen and coordinated cultural activities for U.S. troops stationed in Panama, as part of the war effort.
Esther Neira de Calvo played a predominant role in the country's social work history. As a National Deputy she proposed the law for the creation of the School of Social Service at the University of Panama, the first university school of this specialty in Latin America. This law opened the way for the formal development of social welfare programs at the private and governmental level.
Last years
After her retirement from the IACW in 1965, she represented Panama as Ambassador, alternate representative to the Council of the OAS. The following year, she participated in the Fourth Meeting of the Inter American Cultural Council of the OAS. In 1967, she attended the Twelfth Meeting of Consultation of Ministers of Foreign Affairs held in Washington.
Esther Neira de Calvo died in Washington, D.C. ten years later, on March 24, 1978, at age 87. At her own request, her body was flown to Panama for burial in the Garden of Peace. Her remains were later exhumed and her ashes placed in a crypt at the National Shrine of the Heart of Mary, along those of her husband and mother.
Awards and recognition
During the more than five decades of continuous professional work, Esther Neira de Calvo received honors and acknowledgements. Foremost among them:
"Les Palmes Académiques, Officier d'Academie" conferred in 1935 by the French Ministry of Education for "her services to French culture in Panama".
"Orden al Mérito" conferred in 1945 by the Republic of Chile as organizer and delegate of Panama to the First Conference of Ministers of Education of the Americas" held in Panama the prior year.
"Orden Vasco Núñez de Balboa, Gran Oficial" conferred in 1946 by the Republic of Panama, imposed by the President Enrique A. Jiménez, as a National Deputy to the Third Constituent Assembly.
"Orden Al Mérito Duarte, Sánchez y Mella" conferred in 1956 by the Dominican Republic as IACW Executive Secretary during the Twelfth IACW Assembly held in Ciudad Trujillo (Santo Domingo), Dominican Republic that year.
Three USA academic institutions distinguished her with honorary degrees:
University of Southern California, Los Angeles, in 1937: Doctor of Pedagogy.
Russell Sage College, Troy, New York, in 1941: Doctor of Education, presented by the U.S. First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt during a Pan American Festival at the college campus.
Western College for Women, Oxford, Ohio, in 1967: Doctor of Law.
In 1963, Esther Neira de Calvo was offered a National Tribute in her native country Panama, as organizer and first Directress of the Women's Lyceum, on the occasion of the Silver Anniversary celebrations of the Lyceum Foundation. There she received awards and recognitions from official, academic, cultural and social institutions of Panama. Foremost:
"Manuel José Hurtado" Medal, conferred by the Ministry of Education "in recognition of her services in the field of education" imposed by the President of Panama, Roberto F. Chiari.
"Octavio Méndez Pereira" Medallion presented by the Rector of the University of Panama, Narciso Garay P.
The Municipal Council of Panama declared her "Distinguished Guest of the Capital City for being one of the most conspicuous figures of national education and one of the most outstanding exponents of Panamanian women".
References
1890 births
1978 deaths
Panamanian women's rights activists
Panamanian educators
Panamanian women educators
Panamanian suffragists
Panamanian politicians
Panamanian feminists
College of Mount Saint Vincent alumni
Columbia University alumni |
```c++
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at path_to_url
//
// See path_to_url for documentation.
//
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#ifndef BOOST_INTERPROCESS_DETAIL_ADAPTIVE_NODE_POOL_HPP
#define BOOST_INTERPROCESS_DETAIL_ADAPTIVE_NODE_POOL_HPP
#ifndef BOOST_CONFIG_HPP
# include <boost/config.hpp>
#endif
#
#if defined(BOOST_HAS_PRAGMA_ONCE)
# pragma once
#endif
#include <boost/interprocess/detail/config_begin.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/detail/workaround.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/detail/utilities.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/detail/math_functions.hpp>
#include <boost/intrusive/set.hpp>
#include <boost/intrusive/slist.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/detail/type_traits.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/mem_algo/detail/mem_algo_common.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/allocators/detail/node_tools.hpp>
#include <boost/interprocess/allocators/detail/allocator_common.hpp>
#include <cstddef>
#include <boost/config/no_tr1/cmath.hpp>
#include <boost/container/detail/adaptive_node_pool_impl.hpp>
#include <boost/assert.hpp>
//!\file
//!Describes the real adaptive pool shared by many Interprocess pool allocators
namespace boost {
namespace interprocess {
namespace ipcdetail {
template< class SegmentManager
, std::size_t NodeSize
, std::size_t NodesPerBlock
, std::size_t MaxFreeBlocks
, unsigned char OverheadPercent
>
class private_adaptive_node_pool
: public boost::container::container_detail::private_adaptive_node_pool_impl
< typename SegmentManager::segment_manager_base_type
, ::boost::container::adaptive_pool_flag::size_ordered |
::boost::container::adaptive_pool_flag::address_ordered
>
{
typedef boost::container::container_detail::private_adaptive_node_pool_impl
< typename SegmentManager::segment_manager_base_type
, ::boost::container::adaptive_pool_flag::size_ordered |
::boost::container::adaptive_pool_flag::address_ordered
> base_t;
//Non-copyable
private_adaptive_node_pool();
private_adaptive_node_pool(const private_adaptive_node_pool &);
private_adaptive_node_pool &operator=(const private_adaptive_node_pool &);
public:
typedef SegmentManager segment_manager;
typedef typename base_t::size_type size_type;
static const size_type nodes_per_block = NodesPerBlock;
//Deprecated, use node_per_block
static const size_type nodes_per_chunk = NodesPerBlock;
//!Constructor from a segment manager. Never throws
private_adaptive_node_pool(segment_manager *segment_mngr)
: base_t(segment_mngr, NodeSize, NodesPerBlock, MaxFreeBlocks, OverheadPercent)
{}
//!Returns the segment manager. Never throws
segment_manager* get_segment_manager() const
{ return static_cast<segment_manager*>(base_t::get_segment_manager_base()); }
};
//!Pooled shared memory allocator using adaptive pool. Includes
//!a reference count but the class does not delete itself, this is
//!responsibility of user classes. Node size (NodeSize) and the number of
//!nodes allocated per block (NodesPerBlock) are known at compile time
template< class SegmentManager
, std::size_t NodeSize
, std::size_t NodesPerBlock
, std::size_t MaxFreeBlocks
, unsigned char OverheadPercent
>
class shared_adaptive_node_pool
: public ipcdetail::shared_pool_impl
< private_adaptive_node_pool
<SegmentManager, NodeSize, NodesPerBlock, MaxFreeBlocks, OverheadPercent>
>
{
typedef ipcdetail::shared_pool_impl
< private_adaptive_node_pool
<SegmentManager, NodeSize, NodesPerBlock, MaxFreeBlocks, OverheadPercent>
> base_t;
public:
shared_adaptive_node_pool(SegmentManager *segment_mgnr)
: base_t(segment_mgnr)
{}
};
} //namespace ipcdetail {
} //namespace interprocess {
} //namespace boost {
#include <boost/interprocess/detail/config_end.hpp>
#endif //#ifndef BOOST_INTERPROCESS_DETAIL_ADAPTIVE_NODE_POOL_HPP
``` |
The Pittsburgh Industrial Railroad was a Class III short-line railroad operating about 42 miles of track over the Chartiers Branch in southwest Pennsylvania. It was owned by RailTex, which bought the line from Conrail in 1996. In 2000, after the purchase of RailTex by RailAmerica, the railroad was sold to the Ohio Central Railroad System and renamed the Pittsburgh and Ohio Central Railroad. It is owned by Genesee & Wyoming.
Interchanges
McKees Rocks
Pittsburgh, Allegheny & McKees Rocks Railroad (PAM)
CSX
Duff Junction
Norfolk Southern
Roster
2342 sold to Pittsburgh and Ohio Central Railroad.
References
Hobo's Guide to the Pennsy:Chartiers Branch
Western Pennsylvanian Railroads:Pittsburgh & Ohio Central Railroad
Defunct Pennsylvania railroads
RailAmerica
Spin-offs of Conrail |
```xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
~ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
~ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
~
~ path_to_url
~
~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-->
<sql-cases>
<!-- TODO Fix me. -->
<!-- <sql-case id="create_procedure" value="CREATE PROCEDURE insert_data(a integer, b integer)-->
<!-- LANGUAGE SQL-->
<!-- AS $$-->
<!-- INSERT INTO tbl VALUES (a);-->
<!-- INSERT INTO tbl VALUES (b);-->
<!-- $$" db-types="PostgreSQL,openGauss" />-->
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_parameters" value="CREATE PROCEDURE HumanResources.uspGetEmployees
@LastName NVARCHAR(50),
@FirstName NVARCHAR(50)
AS
SELECT FirstName, LastName, JobTitle, Department
FROM HumanResources.vEmployeeDepartment
WHERE FirstName = @FirstName AND LastName = @LastName;" db-types="SQLServer" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_declare_without_at" value="CREATE PROCEDURE proc (ofs INT, count INT) BEGIN DECLARE i INT DEFAULT ofs; WHILE i < count DO SELECT i AS i; IF LOWER(CHAR(i USING utf8) COLLATE utf8_tolower_ci) != LOWER(CHAR(i USING utf8mb4) COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_as_ci) THEN SELECT i AS 'found funny character'; END IF; SET i = i + 1; END WHILE; END" db-types="MySQL" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_declare_and_view" value="CREATE PROCEDURE bug20953() BEGIN DECLARE i INT; CREATE VIEW v AS SELECT i; END" db-types="MySQL" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_create_view_as_select" value="CREATE PROCEDURE p1() CREATE VIEW v1 AS SELECT * FROM t1" db-types="MySQL" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_create_view_as_double_select" value="CREATE PROCEDURE bug20953() CREATE VIEW v AS SELECT 1 FROM (SELECT 1) AS d1" db-types="MySQL" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_create_view_as_select_lowercase" value="create procedure p1() create view v1 as select * from t1" db-types="MySQL" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_create_view_as_select_i" value="CREATE PROCEDURE bug20953(i INT) CREATE VIEW v AS SELECT i" db-types="MySQL" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_create_view_as_select_into" value="CREATE PROCEDURE bug20953() CREATE VIEW v AS SELECT 1 INTO @a" db-types="MySQL" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_create_view_as_select_into_dumpfile" value="CREATE PROCEDURE bug20953() CREATE VIEW v AS SELECT 1 INTO DUMPFILE "file"" db-types="MySQL" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_create_view_as_select_into_outfile" value="CREATE PROCEDURE bug20953() CREATE VIEW v AS SELECT 1 INTO OUTFILE "file"" db-types="MySQL" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_sqlexception_and_create_view" value="create procedure p() begin declare continue handler for sqlexception begin end; create view a as select 1; end" db-types="MySQL" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_deterministic_create_view" value="create procedure p1 () deterministic begin create view v1 as select 1; end;" db-types="MySQL" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_update_statement_oracle" value="CREATE PROCEDURE update_order (order_id NUMBER,status NUMBER) AS var NUMBER(1, 0) := 0; BEGIN UPDATE t_order SET status = status WHERE order_id = order_id;END;" db-types="Oracle" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_prepare_commit" value="CREATE DEFINER=`sys_data`@`%` PROCEDURE `TEST1` (a VARCHAR(64),b VARCHAR(64),c VARCHAR(64),d VARCHAR(8),e INT) BEGIN DECLARE f VARCHAR(8); SET f=DATE_FORMAT(DATE_ADD((STR_TO_DATE(d,'%Y%m%d')),INTERVAL -(e) MONTH),'%Y%m%d'); SET @aaa=CONCAT('delete from ',a,'.',b,' where ',c,'<=',f,' or ', c,'<> LAST_DAY(',c,')', 'or ',c,'=', d); PREPARE stmt FROM @aaa; EXECUTE stmt; COMMIT; DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt; END" db-types="MySQL" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_cursor_definition" value="CREATE OR REPLACE EDITIONABLE PROCEDURE my_proc AS cursor cursor1 is select distinct a from tbl; var1 varchar2(500); var2 varchar2(500); BEGIN INSERT INTO t VALUES (var1, var2); END;" db-types="Oracle" />
<sql-case id="create_procedure_with_collection_type_definition" value="CREATE OR REPLACE EDITIONABLE PROCEDURE my_proc AS TYPE my_type is table of my_table.id%TYPE; BEGIN INSERT INTO t VALUES (var1, var2); END;" db-types="Oracle" />
<sql-case id="create_plsql_block" value="DECLARE warehouse NUMBER := 1; ground NUMBER := 1; insured NUMBER := 1; result NUMBER; BEGIN SELECT BIN_TO_NUM(warehouse, ground, insured) INTO result FROM DUAL; UPDATE orders SET order_status = result WHERE order_id = 2441; END;" db-types="Oracle" />
</sql-cases>
``` |
Reza Mustofa Ardiansyah (born 11 September 1989) is an Indonesian former footballer.
Career
On December 25, 2014, he was announced as a Persebaya player.
Honours
Club
Arema Cronus
Menpora Cup: 2013
References
External links
Profile at goal.com
Indonesian men's footballers
Living people
1989 births
Footballers from East Java
PS Mojokerto Putra players
Persewangi Banyuwangi players
Pesik Kuningan players
Persema Malang players
Arema F.C. players
Gresik United F.C. players
Bhayangkara Presisi Indonesia F.C. players
Persiba Balikpapan players
Hizbul Wathan F.C. players
Indonesian Premier Division players
Liga 1 (Indonesia) players
Liga 2 (Indonesia) players
Men's association football wingers |
```javascript
/*global angular*/
(function () {
angular
.module('simplAdmin.search')
.factory('searchService', ['$http', searchService]);
function searchService($http) {
var service = {
getMostSearchKeywords: getMostSearchKeywords
};
return service;
function getMostSearchKeywords() {
return $http.get('api/search/most-search-keywords');
}
}
})();
``` |
Thomas Morrice was an English politician in the 17th century.
Morris was elected to the Cavalier Parliament and became Commissioner for Loyal and Indigent Officers in 1662. He died on 27 May 1675 and was buried at Westminster Abbey on 1 June that year.
References
1675 deaths
English MPs 1661–1679
17th-century English people
People from Westminster |
```go
/*
path_to_url
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
// Code generated by applyconfiguration-gen. DO NOT EDIT.
package v1beta1
import (
storagev1beta1 "k8s.io/api/storage/v1beta1"
metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
types "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/types"
managedfields "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/managedfields"
internal "k8s.io/client-go/applyconfigurations/internal"
v1 "k8s.io/client-go/applyconfigurations/meta/v1"
)
// CSIDriverApplyConfiguration represents an declarative configuration of the CSIDriver type for use
// with apply.
type CSIDriverApplyConfiguration struct {
v1.TypeMetaApplyConfiguration `json:",inline"`
*v1.ObjectMetaApplyConfiguration `json:"metadata,omitempty"`
Spec *CSIDriverSpecApplyConfiguration `json:"spec,omitempty"`
}
// CSIDriver constructs an declarative configuration of the CSIDriver type for use with
// apply.
func CSIDriver(name string) *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration {
b := &CSIDriverApplyConfiguration{}
b.WithName(name)
b.WithKind("CSIDriver")
b.WithAPIVersion("storage.k8s.io/v1beta1")
return b
}
// ExtractCSIDriver extracts the applied configuration owned by fieldManager from
// cSIDriver. If no managedFields are found in cSIDriver for fieldManager, a
// CSIDriverApplyConfiguration is returned with only the Name, Namespace (if applicable),
// APIVersion and Kind populated. It is possible that no managed fields were found for because other
// field managers have taken ownership of all the fields previously owned by fieldManager, or because
// the fieldManager never owned fields any fields.
// cSIDriver must be a unmodified CSIDriver API object that was retrieved from the Kubernetes API.
// ExtractCSIDriver provides a way to perform a extract/modify-in-place/apply workflow.
// Note that an extracted apply configuration will contain fewer fields than what the fieldManager previously
// applied if another fieldManager has updated or force applied any of the previously applied fields.
// Experimental!
func ExtractCSIDriver(cSIDriver *storagev1beta1.CSIDriver, fieldManager string) (*CSIDriverApplyConfiguration, error) {
return extractCSIDriver(cSIDriver, fieldManager, "")
}
// ExtractCSIDriverStatus is the same as ExtractCSIDriver except
// that it extracts the status subresource applied configuration.
// Experimental!
func ExtractCSIDriverStatus(cSIDriver *storagev1beta1.CSIDriver, fieldManager string) (*CSIDriverApplyConfiguration, error) {
return extractCSIDriver(cSIDriver, fieldManager, "status")
}
func extractCSIDriver(cSIDriver *storagev1beta1.CSIDriver, fieldManager string, subresource string) (*CSIDriverApplyConfiguration, error) {
b := &CSIDriverApplyConfiguration{}
err := managedfields.ExtractInto(cSIDriver, internal.Parser().Type("io.k8s.api.storage.v1beta1.CSIDriver"), fieldManager, b, subresource)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
b.WithName(cSIDriver.Name)
b.WithKind("CSIDriver")
b.WithAPIVersion("storage.k8s.io/v1beta1")
return b, nil
}
// WithKind sets the Kind field in the declarative configuration to the given value
// and returns the receiver, so that objects can be built by chaining "With" function invocations.
// If called multiple times, the Kind field is set to the value of the last call.
func (b *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration) WithKind(value string) *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration {
b.Kind = &value
return b
}
// WithAPIVersion sets the APIVersion field in the declarative configuration to the given value
// and returns the receiver, so that objects can be built by chaining "With" function invocations.
// If called multiple times, the APIVersion field is set to the value of the last call.
func (b *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration) WithAPIVersion(value string) *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration {
b.APIVersion = &value
return b
}
// WithName sets the Name field in the declarative configuration to the given value
// and returns the receiver, so that objects can be built by chaining "With" function invocations.
// If called multiple times, the Name field is set to the value of the last call.
func (b *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration) WithName(value string) *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration {
b.ensureObjectMetaApplyConfigurationExists()
b.Name = &value
return b
}
// WithGenerateName sets the GenerateName field in the declarative configuration to the given value
// and returns the receiver, so that objects can be built by chaining "With" function invocations.
// If called multiple times, the GenerateName field is set to the value of the last call.
func (b *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration) WithGenerateName(value string) *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration {
b.ensureObjectMetaApplyConfigurationExists()
b.GenerateName = &value
return b
}
// WithNamespace sets the Namespace field in the declarative configuration to the given value
// and returns the receiver, so that objects can be built by chaining "With" function invocations.
// If called multiple times, the Namespace field is set to the value of the last call.
func (b *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration) WithNamespace(value string) *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration {
b.ensureObjectMetaApplyConfigurationExists()
b.Namespace = &value
return b
}
// WithUID sets the UID field in the declarative configuration to the given value
// and returns the receiver, so that objects can be built by chaining "With" function invocations.
// If called multiple times, the UID field is set to the value of the last call.
func (b *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration) WithUID(value types.UID) *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration {
b.ensureObjectMetaApplyConfigurationExists()
b.UID = &value
return b
}
// WithResourceVersion sets the ResourceVersion field in the declarative configuration to the given value
// and returns the receiver, so that objects can be built by chaining "With" function invocations.
// If called multiple times, the ResourceVersion field is set to the value of the last call.
func (b *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration) WithResourceVersion(value string) *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration {
b.ensureObjectMetaApplyConfigurationExists()
b.ResourceVersion = &value
return b
}
// WithGeneration sets the Generation field in the declarative configuration to the given value
// and returns the receiver, so that objects can be built by chaining "With" function invocations.
// If called multiple times, the Generation field is set to the value of the last call.
func (b *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration) WithGeneration(value int64) *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration {
b.ensureObjectMetaApplyConfigurationExists()
b.Generation = &value
return b
}
// WithCreationTimestamp sets the CreationTimestamp field in the declarative configuration to the given value
// and returns the receiver, so that objects can be built by chaining "With" function invocations.
// If called multiple times, the CreationTimestamp field is set to the value of the last call.
func (b *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration) WithCreationTimestamp(value metav1.Time) *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration {
b.ensureObjectMetaApplyConfigurationExists()
b.CreationTimestamp = &value
return b
}
// WithDeletionTimestamp sets the DeletionTimestamp field in the declarative configuration to the given value
// and returns the receiver, so that objects can be built by chaining "With" function invocations.
// If called multiple times, the DeletionTimestamp field is set to the value of the last call.
func (b *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration) WithDeletionTimestamp(value metav1.Time) *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration {
b.ensureObjectMetaApplyConfigurationExists()
b.DeletionTimestamp = &value
return b
}
// WithDeletionGracePeriodSeconds sets the DeletionGracePeriodSeconds field in the declarative configuration to the given value
// and returns the receiver, so that objects can be built by chaining "With" function invocations.
// If called multiple times, the DeletionGracePeriodSeconds field is set to the value of the last call.
func (b *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration) WithDeletionGracePeriodSeconds(value int64) *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration {
b.ensureObjectMetaApplyConfigurationExists()
b.DeletionGracePeriodSeconds = &value
return b
}
// WithLabels puts the entries into the Labels field in the declarative configuration
// and returns the receiver, so that objects can be build by chaining "With" function invocations.
// If called multiple times, the entries provided by each call will be put on the Labels field,
// overwriting an existing map entries in Labels field with the same key.
func (b *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration) WithLabels(entries map[string]string) *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration {
b.ensureObjectMetaApplyConfigurationExists()
if b.Labels == nil && len(entries) > 0 {
b.Labels = make(map[string]string, len(entries))
}
for k, v := range entries {
b.Labels[k] = v
}
return b
}
// WithAnnotations puts the entries into the Annotations field in the declarative configuration
// and returns the receiver, so that objects can be build by chaining "With" function invocations.
// If called multiple times, the entries provided by each call will be put on the Annotations field,
// overwriting an existing map entries in Annotations field with the same key.
func (b *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration) WithAnnotations(entries map[string]string) *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration {
b.ensureObjectMetaApplyConfigurationExists()
if b.Annotations == nil && len(entries) > 0 {
b.Annotations = make(map[string]string, len(entries))
}
for k, v := range entries {
b.Annotations[k] = v
}
return b
}
// WithOwnerReferences adds the given value to the OwnerReferences field in the declarative configuration
// and returns the receiver, so that objects can be build by chaining "With" function invocations.
// If called multiple times, values provided by each call will be appended to the OwnerReferences field.
func (b *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration) WithOwnerReferences(values ...*v1.OwnerReferenceApplyConfiguration) *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration {
b.ensureObjectMetaApplyConfigurationExists()
for i := range values {
if values[i] == nil {
panic("nil value passed to WithOwnerReferences")
}
b.OwnerReferences = append(b.OwnerReferences, *values[i])
}
return b
}
// WithFinalizers adds the given value to the Finalizers field in the declarative configuration
// and returns the receiver, so that objects can be build by chaining "With" function invocations.
// If called multiple times, values provided by each call will be appended to the Finalizers field.
func (b *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration) WithFinalizers(values ...string) *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration {
b.ensureObjectMetaApplyConfigurationExists()
for i := range values {
b.Finalizers = append(b.Finalizers, values[i])
}
return b
}
func (b *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration) ensureObjectMetaApplyConfigurationExists() {
if b.ObjectMetaApplyConfiguration == nil {
b.ObjectMetaApplyConfiguration = &v1.ObjectMetaApplyConfiguration{}
}
}
// WithSpec sets the Spec field in the declarative configuration to the given value
// and returns the receiver, so that objects can be built by chaining "With" function invocations.
// If called multiple times, the Spec field is set to the value of the last call.
func (b *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration) WithSpec(value *CSIDriverSpecApplyConfiguration) *CSIDriverApplyConfiguration {
b.Spec = value
return b
}
``` |
```lua
cflags{'-Wall'}
pkg.hdrs = copy('$outdir/include', '$srcdir', {'bzlib.h'})
lib('libbz2.a', {
'blocksort.c',
'huffman.c',
'crctable.c',
'randtable.c',
'compress.c',
'decompress.c',
'bzlib.c'
})
exe('bzip2', {'bzip2.c', 'libbz2.a'})
file('bin/bzip2', '755', '$outdir/bzip2')
man{'bzip2.1'}
sym('bin/bzcat', 'bzip2')
fetch 'git'
``` |
Taylor's salamander (Ambystoma taylori) is a species of salamander found only in Laguna Alchichica, a high-altitude ( above sea level) crater lake to the southwest of Perote, Mexico. It was first described in 1982 but had been known to science prior to that. It is a neotenic salamander, breeding while still in the larval state and not undergoing metamorphosis. The lake in which it lives is becoming increasingly saline and less suitable for the salamander, which is declining in numbers. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has rated it as being "critically endangered".
Taxonomy
It was described in 1982 by Brandon, Maruska, and Rumph, and named for Edward Harrison Taylor (1889–1978), an American herpetologist. However, the species had been known to science long before then. Taylor himself attempted to describe the species as Ambystoma subsalsum in 1943, but mistakenly used a Mexican or plateau tiger salamander as the holotype. This rendered the name invalid, and made it into a synonym for the tiger salamander.
Ecology
This salamander is moderately sized, with most individuals measuring being mature, while the largest one being in snout–vent length. It is a neotenic species, which means it retains its caudal fin and external gills into adulthood, never undergoing complete metamorphosis. It is entirely aquatic, breeding and laying its eggs in the same lake where it lives. Taylor's salamanders are pale yellowish in color, with dark spots along their dorsal sides. They have relatively short, thick external gill stalks. Their heads are quite large, and their limbs are underdeveloped, as in most Ambystoma neotenes. They feed by buccal suction, and are basically omnivores.
Habitat
The A. taylori habitat in Lake Alchichica is brackish, with a salinity of . It is also very alkaline, with a pH of 8.5–10. The lake's water has a temperature range of 18–21 °C. The salamanders typically hide below the water line, under overhangs in the crater's edge, and into the deep water.
Status
Lake Alchichica is becoming more saline as water is extracted for irrigation and drinking. The level of the lake has fallen and if this deterioration in water quality continues, this salamander is likely to become extinct. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed the salamander's conservation status as being "critically endangered" and has proposed that a captive breeding programme be established.
References
Mole salamanders
Amphibians described in 1982
Endemic amphibians of Mexico
Fauna of Central Mexico
EDGE species
Oriental Basin |
The United States men's artistic gymnastics team represents the United States in FIG international competitions.
History
The first national team roster was established in 1998. The team has competed at the Olympic Games 21 times, winning six medals.
Selection
Gymnasts can be selected for the national team at the National Championships or the Winter Cup challenge. The Men's Program Committee (MPC) is allowed to change the criteria for selection every year.
Current roster
Senior team
Senior development team
Team competition results
Olympic Games
1908 — did not participate
1912 — did not participate
1920 — did not participate
1924 — 5th place
1928 — 7th place
1932 — silver medal
1936 — 10th place
1948 — 7th place
1952 — 8th place
1956 — 6th place
1960 — 5th place
1964 — 7th place
1968 — 7th place
1972 — 10th place
1976 — 7th place
1980 — did not participate due to boycott
1984 — gold medal
Peter Vidmar, Bart Conner, Mitch Gaylord, Tim Daggett, Jim Hartung, Scott Johnson
1988 — 11th place
1992 — 6th place
1996 — 5th place
John Roethlisberger, Blaine Wilson, John Macready, Jair Lynch, Kip Simons, Chainey Umphrey, Mihal Bagiu
2000 — 5th place
Blaine Wilson, Paul Hamm, Stephen McCain, John Roethlisberger, Sean Townsend, Morgan Hamm
2004 — silver medal
Jason Gatson, Morgan Hamm, Paul Hamm, Brett McClure, Blaine Wilson, Guard Young
2008 — bronze medal
Alexander Artemev, Raj Bhavsar, Joseph Hagerty, Jonathan Horton, Justin Spring, Kai Wen Tan
2012 — 5th place
Jacob Dalton, Jonathan Horton, Danell Leyva, Sam Mikulak, John Orozco
2016 — 5th place
Chris Brooks, Jacob Dalton, Danell Leyva, Sam Mikulak, Alexander Naddour
2020 — 5th place
Brody Malone, Sam Mikulak, Yul Moldauer, Shane Wiskus
World Championships
2001 — silver medal
Paul Hamm, Brett McClure, Sean Townsend, Raj Bhavsar, Stephen McCain, Guard Young
2003 — silver medal
Paul Hamm, Blaine Wilson, Jason Gatson, Morgan Hamm, Brett McClure, Raj Bhavsar
2006 — 13th place
Guillermo Alvarez, Alexander Artemev, Jonathan Horton, David Sender, Clay Strother, Kevin Tan
2007 — 4th place
Jonathan Horton, Alexander Artemev, Sean Golden, Kai Wen Tan, Guillermo Alvarez, David Durante
2010 — 4th place
Chris Brooks, Chris Cameron, Jonathan Horton, Steven Legendre, Danell Leyva, Brandon Wynn
2011 — bronze medal
Jake Dalton, Jonathan Horton, Danell Leyva, Steven Legendre, Alexander Naddour, John Orozco
2014 — bronze medal
Jake Dalton, Danell Leyva, Sam Mikulak, Alexander Naddour, John Orozco, Donnell Whittenburg
2015 — 5th place
Chris Brooks, Danell Leyva, Alexander Naddour, Paul Ruggeri, Donnell Whittenburg, Brandon Wynn
2018 — 4th place
Sam Mikulak, Akash Modi, Yul Moldauer, Colin Van Wicklen, Alec Yoder
2019 — 4th place
Trevor Howard, Sam Mikulak, Akash Modi, Yul Moldauer, Shane Wiskus
2022 — 5th place
Asher Hong, Brody Malone, Stephen Nedoroscik, Colt Walker, Donnell Whittenburg, Yul Moldauer
2023 — bronze medal
Asher Hong, Paul Juda, Yul Moldauer, Fred Richard, Khoi Young, Colt Walker
Most decorated gymnasts
This list includes all American male artistic gymnasts who have won at least three medals at the Olympic Games and the World Artistic Gymnastics Championships combined.
Best international results
See also
United States women's national gymnastics team
List of Olympic male artistic gymnasts for the United States
United States at the World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
External links
Past Men's Senior National Teams Since 1998 via USA Gymnastics
References
National men's artistic gymnastics teams
Gymnastics
Men's gymnastics teams in the United States
Gymnastics in the United States |
Bulgarian National Radio (, Bǎlgarsko nacionalno radio; abbreviated to БНР, BNR) is Bulgaria's national radio broadcasting organisation. It operates two national and nine regional channels, as well as an international service – Radio Bulgaria – which broadcasts in 11 languages.
History
Listening to radio broadcasts from other countries having become popular in Bulgaria by the late 1920s, a group of engineers and intellectuals founded Rodno radio ("Native, or homeland, radio") on 30 March 1930 with the aim of providing Sofia with its own radio station. Broadcasting began in June the same year.
On 25 January 1935, Boris III of Bulgaria signed a decree nationalising Rodno radio and making all broadcasting in Bulgaria a state-organised activity. In early 1936, a new and more powerful medium-wave transmitter sited near Sofia was joined by additional transmitting stations at Stara Zagora and Varna, giving Bulgarian National Radio countrywide coverage, and on 21 May of that year Radio Sofija began broadcasting internationally.
With the merger of EBU and OIRT on 1 January 1993, BNR was admitted to full active membership of the European Broadcasting Union.
Domestic channels
BNR operate the following stations:
National
Horizont: BNR's most listened-to channel, with round-the-clock news, comment, and music (with the emphasis on modern popular music genres).
Hristo Botev Radio: covering science and the arts, documentaries and discussions on cultural and social questions, drama, classical music, jazz, and programming for children.
Regional
Radio Blagoevgrad (1973–)
Radio Burgas (2012–)
Radio Kardzhali (2016–)
Radio Plovdiv (1955–)
Radio Shumen (1973–)
Radio Sofia (1962–1998, 2007–)
Radio Stara Zagora (1936–)
Radio Varna (1934–)
Radio Vidin (2009–)
International
Radio Bulgaria provides news in Bulgarian and also in Albanian, Romanian, English, French, German, Greek, Russian, Spanish, Serbian and Turkish.
Transmission
The domestic channels are broadcast on FM and AM frequencies. Radio Bulgaria broadcasts principally on shortwave plus one medium-wave frequency. All stations are also available online.
On 26 May 2008, RPTS of Kostinbrod in Bulgaria started the country's first regular broadcasts in digital format, using Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM). This signal is also used as the audio channel accompanying BNT's testcard.
Funding
Public service broadcasting in Bulgaria, including BNR, is financed mainly through a state subsidy. The subsidy has to be spent on the preparation, creation and the transmission of the national and regional programmes. Its volume is determined annually on the basis of the average programme production costs per hour approved by the Council of Ministers, regardless of the programme type.
References
Sources
External links
Bulgarian National Radio at LyngSat Address
Rundfunk und Rundfunkpolitik in Bulgarien (in German)
Eastern Bloc mass media
European Broadcasting Union members
Radio networks
Radio stations established in 1935
Radio stations in Bulgaria
1935 establishments in Bulgaria |
```python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import datetime
import time
import threading
from app.base.logger import log
class TPCron(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__(name='tp-cron-thread')
import builtins
if '__tp_cron__' in builtins.__dict__:
raise RuntimeError('TPCron object exists, you can not create more than one instance.')
# jobsession_id f(), t(), i()
self._jobs = dict()
self._lock = threading.RLock()
self._stop_flag = False
def init(self):
return True
def add_job(self, name, func, first_interval_seconds=None, interval_seconds=60):
# first_interval None
# interval
with self._lock:
if name in self._jobs:
return False
self._jobs[name] = {'f': func, 't': 0, 'i': interval_seconds}
_now = int(datetime.datetime.now().timestamp())
if first_interval_seconds is not None:
self._jobs[name]['t'] = _now + first_interval_seconds - interval_seconds
def stop(self):
self._stop_flag = True
self.join()
log.v('{} stopped.\n'.format(self.name))
def run(self):
while not self._stop_flag:
time.sleep(1)
with self._lock:
_now = int(datetime.datetime.now().timestamp())
for j in self._jobs:
# log.v('--now: {}, job-name: {}, job-t: {}, job-i: {}\n'.format(_now, j, self._jobs[j]['t'], self._jobs[j]['i']))
if _now - self._jobs[j]['t'] >= self._jobs[j]['i']:
self._jobs[j]['t'] = _now
try:
self._jobs[j]['f']()
except:
log.e('got exception when exec job: {}\n'.format(j))
def tp_cron():
"""
TPCron
:rtype : TPCron
"""
import builtins
if '__tp_cron__' not in builtins.__dict__:
builtins.__dict__['__tp_cron__'] = TPCron()
return builtins.__dict__['__tp_cron__']
``` |
Mikheil Saakashvili ( ; ; born 21 December 1967) is a Georgian and Ukrainian politician and jurist. He was the third president of Georgia for two consecutive terms from 25 January 2004 to 17 November 2013. From May 2015 until November 2016, Saakashvili was the governor of Ukraine's Odesa Oblast. He is the founder and former chairman of the United National Movement party. Saakashvili heads the executive committee of Ukraine's National Reform Council since 7 May 2020. In 2021 he began serving a six-year prison sentence in Georgia on charges of abuse of power and organization of an assault occasioning grievous bodily harm against an opposition lawmaker Valery Gelashvili.
Saakashvili entered Georgian politics in 1995. He served as member of parliament and minister of justice under President Eduard Shevardnadze. Saakashvili later moved to opposition, establishing the United National Movement party. In 2003, Saakashvili became a leading opposition figure who accused the government of rigging the 2003 Georgian parliamentary election, spearheading mass protests which saw President Shevardnadze resign from his post in the bloodless Rose Revolution. Saakashvili's key role in the protests led to him being elected as the President in 2004. He was later reelected as President in 2008. However, his party suffered defeat in the 2012 Georgian parliamentary election, while Saakashvili was barred by the constitution of Georgia from seeking a third term in the 2013 presidential election, which was also won by the opposition candidate.
During his tenure as president, Saakashvili oversaw police, military, economic and government reforms. As the new Patrol Police department was established, the entire police force was fired and replaced with new one in an effort to root out corruption. The bureaucratic spendings were decreased as several ministries were abolished to cut the government size. Military budget rose to 9.2% of GDP by 2007 to strengthen the nation's defense capability. The government pursued a zero-tolerance policy towards crime. Saakashvili appointed Kakha Bendukidze as the Minister of Economy to implement economic liberalization and rapid privatization. Georgia's economy grew 70% between 2003 and 2013, and per capita income roughly tripled. However, poverty only marginally declined. At the end of Saakashvili's second term, about a quarter of the population was still living below the absolute poverty rate. Georgia's ranking in the Corruption Perceptions Index by Transparency International improved dramatically from rank 133 in 2004 to 67 in 2008 and further to 51 in 2012, surpassing several EU countries. The World Bank ranked the country 8th in terms of ease of doing business and named it as the leading economic reformer in the world. The Abkhaz–Georgian and Georgian-Ossetian conflicts continued during Saakashvili's presidency and saw a major escalation in 2008, which saw Russia officially announcing its support for separatists in Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Saakashvili led Georgia through the 2008 Russo-Georgian War, which ended after five days of fighting by a ceasefire agreement negotiated by the French president Nicolas Sarkozy. The war resulted in Georgia losing all of its possessions in the disputed territories. Russia subsequently recognized the independence of Abkhazia and South Ossetia, while Georgia responded with breaking diplomatic relations.
During Saakashvili's tenure, Georgia went through several political crises. In 2007, mass demonstrations erupted demanding resignation of Saakashvili. The protests, which were triggered by detention of Georgian politician Irakli Okruashvili, were violently dispersed by the special forces on 7 November 2007. The largest opposition media Imedi TV was raided by the police and transformed into a pro-government channel. Another wave of protests erupted in 2009. In May 2011, the government again violently responded to the opposition protests staged by Saakashvili's former ally Nino Burjanadze. Saakashvili was embroiled in a number of scandals, the most important ones relating to the beating of the opposition politician Valery Gelashvili and the murder of Sandro Girgvliani. In September 2012, the leaked video footage of systemic torture and rape in the Georgian prison system came to light during the Gldani prison scandal. Saakashvili was accused of being behind the inhuman treatment of inmates and police brutality.
Shortly after the 2013 presidential election, Saakashvili left Georgia. In 2014, the Prosecutor's Office of Georgia filed criminal charges against Saakashvili. In 2018, the Tbilisi City Court sentenced him in absentia to six years in prison for ordering the beating of Valeri Gelashvili and pardoning in prior agreement the individuals tried for Sandro Girgvliani's murder. Saakashvili continued to manage his party from abroad while accusing the Georgian government of using the legal system as a tool of political retribution.
Saakashvili supported Ukraine's Euromaidan movement and the Revolution of Dignity. On 30 May 2015, Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko appointed Saakashvili as Governor of Odesa Oblast. He was also granted Ukrainian citizenship, and due to restrictions on dual nationality under Georgian law, was stripped of his Georgian citizenship. On 7 November 2016, Saakashvili resigned as governor while blaming President Poroshenko personally for enabling corruption in Odesa and in Ukraine overall. Four days later, he announced his goal to create a new political party called Movement of New Forces.
On 26 July 2017, Saakashvili (at the time staying in the US) was stripped of his Ukrainian citizenship by Petro Poroshenko, and became a stateless person. He reentered Ukraine with a group of supporters through Poland but was arrested in February 2018 and deported. Saakashvili moved to the Netherlands, where he was granted permanent residency. On 29 May 2019, he returned to Ukraine after newly elected President Volodymyr Zelenskyy restored his citizenship. On 1 October 2021, Saakashvili announced via Facebook his return to Georgia after an eight-year absence, on the eve of the local elections. Later on the same day Prime Minister of Georgia Irakli Garibashvili held a press briefing announcing that Saakashvili was arrested in Tbilisi. According to the investigation, Saakashvili entered the country secretly, hiding in a semi-trailer truck loaded with milk products. He illegally crossed the state border of Georgia, bypassing the customs control. He was placed in the No. 12 penitentiary facility in Rustavi. President of Georgia Salome Zourabichvili stated that she would "never" pardon Saakashvili. He has been transferred to hospital numerous times due to his health condition and since May 2022 he is being treated in a civilian clinic in Tbilisi.
Early life and education
Saakashvili was born to a Georgian family in Tbilisi on 21 December 1967, capital of the then Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic in the Soviet Union. His father, Nikoloz Saakashvili, is a physician who practises medicine in Tbilisi and directs a local balneological centre. His mother, Giuli Alasania, is a historian who lectures at Tbilisi State University.
During university, he served his shortened military service in 1989–1990 with the Soviet Border Troops' checkpoint unit in the Boryspil Airport in Ukraine (then as Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, also a part of the Soviet Union). Saakashvili graduated from the Institute of International Relations (Department of International Law) of the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (in then independent Ukraine) in 1992. At this university, he was friends with later President of Ukraine Petro Poroshenko. While in Ukraine Saakashvili participated in the October 1990 student protest known as the "Revolution on Granite".
Saakashvili briefly worked as a human rights officer for the interim State Council of Georgia following the overthrow of President Zviad Gamsakhurdia before receiving a fellowship from the United States State Department (via the Edmund S. Muskie Graduate Fellowship Program). He received an LL.M. from Columbia Law School in 1994 and took classes at the School of International and Public Affairs and The George Washington University Law School the following year. In 1995, he also received a diploma from the International Institute of Human Rights in Strasbourg, France.
Election to Georgian Parliament
Saakashvili interned at the United Nations. After graduation, while on internship in the New York law firm of Patterson Belknap Webb & Tyler in early 1995, he was approached by Zurab Zhvania, an old friend from Georgia who was working on behalf of President Eduard Shevardnadze to enter politics. He stood in the December 1995 elections along with Zhvania, and both men won seats in parliament, standing for the Union of Citizens of Georgia, Shevardnadze's party.
Saakashvili was chairman of the parliamentary committee which was in charge of creating a new electoral system, an independent judiciary and a non-political police force. Opinion surveys recognised him to be the second most popular person in Georgia, behind Shevardnadze. He was named "man of the year" by a panel of journalists and human rights advocates in 1997. In January 2000, Saakashvili was appointed vice-president of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe.
On 12 October 2000, Saakashvili became Minister of Justice for the government of President Shevardnadze. He initiated major reforms in the Georgian criminal justice and prisons system. This earned praise from international observers and human rights activists. But, in mid-2001, he became involved in a major controversy with the State Security Minister Vakhtang Kutateladze and Tbilisi police chief Ioseb Alavidze, accusing them of profiting from corrupt business deals.
Saakashvili resigned on 5 September 2001, saying that "I consider it immoral for me to remain as a member of Shevardnadze's government." He declared that corruption had penetrated to the very centre of the Georgian government and that Shevardnadze lacked the will to deal with it, warning that "current developments in Georgia will turn the country into a criminal enclave in one or two years."
In the United National Movement
Having resigned from the government and quit the Shevardnadze-run Union of Citizens of Georgia party, Saakashvili founded the United National Movement (UNM) in October 2001, a centre-right political party with a touch of nationalism, to provide a focus for part of the Georgian reformists leaders. In June 2002, he was elected as the Chairman of the Tbilisi Assembly ("Sakrebulo") following an agreement between the United National Movement and the Georgian Labour Party. This gave him a powerful new platform from which to criticize the government.
Georgia held parliamentary elections on 2 November 2003 which were denounced by local and international observers as being grossly rigged. Saakashvilli claimed that he had won the elections (a claim supported by independent exit polls), and urged Georgians to demonstrate against Shevardnadze's government and engage in nonviolent civil disobedience against the authorities. Saakashvili's UNM and Burdjanadze-Democrats united to demand the ouster of Shevardnadze and the rerun of the elections.
Massive political demonstrations were held in Tbilisi in November, with over 100,000 people participating and listening to speeches by Saakashvili and other opposition figures. The Kmara ("Enough!") youth organization (a Georgian counterpart of the Serbian "Otpor!") and several NGOs, like Liberty Institute, were active in all protest activities. After an increasingly tense two weeks of demonstrations, Shevardnadze resigned as president on 23 November, to be replaced on an interim basis by parliamentary speaker Nino Burjanadze. While the revolutionary leaders did their best to stay within the constitutional norms, many called the change of government a popular coup dubbed by Georgian media as the Rose Revolution.
Saakashvili's "storming of Georgia's parliament" in 2003 "put U.S. diplomats off guard... [Saakashvili] ousted a leader the U.S. had long backed, Eduard Shevardnadze." Seeking support, Saakashvili went outside the U.S. State Department. He hired Randy Scheunemann, then Sen. John McCain's top foreign-policy adviser, as a lobbyist and used Daniel Kunin of USAID and the NDI as a full-time adviser.
On 24 February 2004, the United National Movement and the United Democrats had amalgamated. The new political movement was named the National Movement - Democrats (NMD). The movement's main political priorities include raising pensions and providing social services to the poor, its main base of support; fighting corruption; and increasing state revenue.
First presidency
The 2004 presidential election were carried out on 4 January 2004. The election was an outcome of the bloodless Rose Revolution and a consequent resignation of President Eduard Shevardnadze. It is well known for a very high level of electoral turnout and also for the number of votes cast for one particular presidential candidate – Mikheil Saakashvili (96%). All other candidates received less than 2% of the votes. In total, 1,763,000 eligible voters participated in the election.
On 4 January 2004, Saakashvili won the presidential elections in Georgia with more than 96% of the votes cast, making him at 36 years old, the youngest national president in Europe at the time. On a platform of opposing corruption and improving pay and pensions, he promised to improve relations with the outside world. Although he is strongly pro-Western and intended to seek Georgian membership of NATO and the European Union, he had also spoken of the importance of better relations with Russia. He faced major problems, however, particularly Georgia's difficult economic situation and the still unresolved question of separatism in the regions of Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Abkhazia regards itself as independent of Georgia and did not take part in the elections, while South Ossetia favours union with its northern counterpart in Russia.
Saakashvili was sworn in as president in Tbilisi on 25 January 2004. Immediately after the ceremony he signed a decree establishing a new state flag. On 26 January, in a ceremony held at the Tbilisi Kashueti Church of Saint George, he promulgated a decree granting permission for the return of the body of the first president of Georgia, Zviad Gamsakhurdia, from Grozny (Chechen Republic) to Tbilisi and renaming a major road in the capital after Gamsakhurdia. He also released 32 Gamsakhurdia supporters (political prisoners) imprisoned by the Shevardnadze government in 1993–94. As well as a new national flag, Saakashivili authorised the adoption of a new national anthem on 20 May 2004 and the establishment of a new state arms on 1 October 2004.
In the first months of his presidency, Saakashvili faced a major political crisis in the southwestern Autonomous Republic of Adjara run by an authoritarian regional leader, Aslan Abashidze, who largely ignored the central Georgian government and was viewed by many as a pro-Russian politician. The crisis threatened to develop into an armed confrontation, but Saakashvili's government managed to resolve the conflict peacefully, forcing Abashidze to resign on 6 May 2004. Success in Adjara encouraged the new president to intensify his efforts towards bringing the breakaway South Ossetia back under the Georgian jurisdiction. The separatist authorities responded with intense militarization in the region, that led to armed clashes in August 2004. A stalemate ensued, and despite a peace plan proposed by the Georgian government in 2005, the conflict remains unresolved. In late July 2006, Saakashvili's government dealt successfully with another major crisis, this time in Abkhazia's Kodori Gorge where Georgia's police forces disarmed a defiant militia led by a local warlord Emzar Kvitsiani.
In his foreign policy, Saakashvili maintained close ties with the US, as well as other NATO countries, and remains one of the key partners of the GUAM organization. The Saakashvili-led Rose Revolution has been described by the White House as one of the most powerful movements in the modern history that has inspired others to seek freedom.
Economic and government reforms
At the time Saakashvili took office, Georgia suffered from a stagnant economy, widespread corruption by police and state officials to the point where bribery was needed for any kind of commercial transaction, high crime rates, and severe infrastructure problems, including widespread power outages, and schools and medical facilities falling into disrepair. Saakashvili set out on a massive reform programme. He systematically fired politicians, public officials, and police officers suspected of corruption and significantly raised the salaries of state employees to the point where they could depend on their salaries rather than bribes for a living. Many oligarchs who had dominated the economy were arrested, with most agreeing to pay massive fines into the state budget in exchange for their freedom. Saakashvili reformed the economy by cutting red tape which had made business difficult, courting foreign investment, simplifying the tax code, launching a privatization campaign, and tackling widespread tax evasion. Due to the establishment of a functioning taxation and customs infrastructure, the state budget increased by 300% within three years. The government massively upgraded infrastructure and public services. In particular, water and power infrastructure was improved to the point where it functioned effectively, schools and hospitals were renovated, more roads were laid, and new housing developments were built.
As a result, the rate of corruption in the country was drastically reduced and the business environment was improved significantly. The economy began growing and the standard of living rose. Georgia's ranking in the Corruption Perceptions Index by Transparency International improved dramatically from rank 133 in 2004 to 67 in 2008 and further to 51 in 2012, surpassing several EU countries. The World Bank named Georgia as the leading economic reformer in the world, and the country ranked 8th in terms of ease of doing business- while most of the country's neighbours are ranked somewhere in the hundreds. The World Bank noted a significant improvement in living conditions in Georgia, reporting that "Georgia's transformation since 2003 has been remarkable. The lights are on, the streets are safe, and public services are corruption free." Doing Business report founder Simeon Dyankov has given Georgia as an example to other reformers during the annual Reformer Awards.
Under Saakashvili's term, Georgia became involved in international market transactions to a small extent, and in 2007 Bank of Georgia sold bonds at premium, when $200m five-year bond was priced with a coupon of 9 per cent at par, or 100 per cent of face value, after initially being priced at 9.5 per cent and investors pushed orders up to $600m.
In 2009, he introduced The Economic Liberty Act of Georgia, which was adopted by the Parliament of Georgia in 2011. The Act restricted the state's ability to interfere in the economy, and was aimed at reducing the state expenses and debt by 30% and 60%, respectively. It also explicitly prohibited the Government from changing taxes without a popular referendum on rates and structure.
Due to his government's economic reforms, Georgia's economy grew 70% between 2003 and 2013, and per capita income roughly tripled. However, poverty only marginally declined. At the end of his second term, about a quarter of the population was still poor, and unemployment was at 15%.
Law and order
On 27 March 2006, the government announced that it had prevented a nationwide prison riot plotted by criminal kingpins. The police operation ended with the deaths of 7 inmates and at least 17 injuries. While the opposition cast doubts over the official version and demanded an independent investigation, the ruling party was able to vote down such initiatives.
Despite this, Saakashvili's government also eased the legal system in some respects. His government decriminalized libel and pushed through legislation upholding freedom of speech, although he was accused of stifling the media and using the judicial system to go after his political opponents in spite of this. In December 2006, Saakashvili signed a constitutional amendment completely abolishing the death penalty in law.
Military reforms
Saakashvili's government massively increased military spending to modernize the Georgian Armed Forces, which were small and poorly equipped and trained at the time he entered office. By 2007, the military budget had increased twenty-fold since 1999. New weapons and vehicles were purchased, military salaries were raised, new bases were built, and Georgian soldiers engaged in joint training exercises with the US military.
Education reform
When Saakashvili took office, the university entrance system was bribe-based, with a university spot costing up to $50,000 in 2003. His government introduced a common entrance exam, replacing the bribe-based system with a merit-based one. The quality of university education also improved. Despite this, Saakashvili was accused of failing to reform the quality of primary and secondary-level school education, which reportedly remained low at the end of his term in office.
Health reforms
After Georgian independence, the government found that its Soviet-style centralized healthcare system was underfunded and failing. State-run centralized medical facilities were typically inefficient and in need of renovation and technological upgrades. As a result, the government privatized almost all public hospitals and clinics, and the insurance system was deregulated, with private insurance companies able to offer coverage. Only a few specialized facilities for mental health and infectious diseases remained in government hands, and the state continued to provide health insurance for those below the poverty line, whose insurance was paid for by public funds and provided by private insurers, and some civil servants, amounting to about 40% of the population. As a result, the level of healthcare greatly improved, with new hospitals and clinics beginning to replace older facilities. However, a portion of the population was left uninsured, as it could not afford private insurance and did not qualify for public insurance.
Foreign relations
Saakashvili sees membership of the NATO as a premise of stability for Georgia and offered an intensified dialogue with the de facto Abkhaz and Ossetian authorities. Until the 2008 South Ossetia war, a diplomatic solution was thought to be possible. Saakashvili's administration doubled the number of its troops in Iraq, making Georgia one of the biggest supporters of Coalition Forces, and keeping its troops in Kosovo and Afghanistan to "contribute to what it describes as global security".
Saakashvili's government maintained diplomatic relations with other Caucasian states and Eastern European countries with Western orientation, such as Armenia, Azerbaijan, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Turkey and Ukraine. In 2004, Saakashvili visited Israel to attend the official opening of the Modern Energy Problems Research Center, and Dr. Brenda Schaffer, the director of the centre, described Saakashvili as the Nelson Mandela of the 21st century. In August of the same year, Saakashvili, who holds an honorary doctorate from the University of Haifa, travelled to Israel to attend the opening of the official Week of Georgian-Jewish Friendship, held under the auspices of the Georgian president, for which the Jewish leaders were invited as honoured guests.
Relations with the United States were good, but were complicated by Saakashvili's "volatile" behaviour. Former and current US officials characterized the Georgian president as "difficult to manage". They criticized his "risky moves", moves that have often "caught the U.S. unprepared" while leaving it "exposed diplomatically".
Saakashvili's ties with the US go back to 1991 (see Early life and career). Biographies of Thomas Jefferson and John F. Kennedy can be found in his office, next to biographies of Joseph Stalin and Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and books on war. Seeking US support, Saakashvili went outside the United States Department of State and established contacts with Sen. John McCain and forces seeking NATO expansion.
Saakashvili believes that the long-term priority for the country is to advance its membership in the European Community and during a meeting with Javier Solana, he said that in contrast with new and old European states, Georgia is an Ancient European state.
Assassination attempt
On 10 May 2005, while U.S. President George W. Bush was giving a speech in Tbilisi's Freedom Square, Vladimir Arutyunian threw a live hand grenade at where Saakashvili and Bush were sitting. It landed in the crowd about from the podium after hitting a girl and did not detonate. Arutyunian was arrested in July of that year, but before his capture, he managed to kill one law enforcement agent. He was convicted of the attempted assassinations of Saakashvili and Bush and the murder of the agent, and given a life sentence.
2007 crisis
The late Georgian businessman Badri Patarkatsishvili claimed that pressure had been exerted on his financial interests after Imedi Television broadcast several accusations against officials. On 25 October 2007, former defence minister Irakli Okruashvili accused the president of planning Patarkatsishvili's murder. Okruashvili was detained two days later on charges of extortion, money laundering, and abuse of office. However, in a videotaped confession released by the General Prosecutor's Office on 8 October 2007, in which Okruashvili pleaded guilty to large-scale bribery through extortion and negligence while serving as minister, he retracted his accusations against the president and said that he did so to gain some political benefit and that Badri Patarkatsishvili told him to do so. Okruashvili's lawyer and other opposition leaders said his retraction had been made under duress.
Georgia faced the worst crisis since the Rose Revolution. A series of anti-government demonstration were sparked, in October, by accusations of murders and corruption levelled by Irakli Okruashvili, Saakashvili's erstwhile associate and former member of his government, against the president and his allies. The protests climaxed early in November 2007, and involved several opposition groups and the influential media tycoon Badri Patarkatsishvili. Although the demonstrations rapidly went downhill, the government's decision to use police force against the remaining protesters evolved into clashes in the streets of Tbilisi on 7 November. The declaration of state of emergency by the president (7–16 November) and the restriction imposed on some mass media sources led to harsh criticism of the Saakashvili government both in the country and abroad. Human Rights Watch criticized the Georgian government for using "excessive" force against protesters in November and International Crisis Group warned of growing authoritarianism.
Patarkatsishvili's opposition television station Imedi was shut down in November 2007 after the authorities accused it of complicity with the plot to overthrow the elected government. The channel resumed broadcasts a few weeks after the incident, but did not cover news or talk shows until after the election. Subsequently, the station was sold to supporters of the Saakashvili government and some Georgian journalists have called for the station to be handed back.
On 8 November 2007, President Saakashvili announced a compromise solution to hold early presidential elections for 5 January 2008. He also proposed to hold a plebiscite in parallel to snap presidential elections about when to hold parliamentary polls – in spring as pushed for by the opposition parties, or in late 2008. Several concessions in the election code were also made to the opposition.
On 23 November 2007, the ruling United National Movement party officially nominated Saakashvili as its candidate for the upcoming elections. Pursuant to the Constitution of Georgia, Saakashvili resigned on 25 November to launch his pre-election campaign for early presidential polls.
Second presidency
2008 presidential election
On 5 January 2008, an early presidential election was held nationwide, with the exception of the highland village of Shatili, where the polling station was not opened due to high levels of snowfall. In a televised address, President Saakashvili had proposed to hold the election earlier than called for by the Georgian constitution in order to resolve the political tension surrounding opposition-led demonstrations, their suppression by the government on 7 November 2007, and the closure of the most popular opposition television network, Imedi. Saakashvili said in his presidential address that "these elections will be held according to our timing, and not that of our ill-wishers."
Changes in the Cabinet
Saakashvili publicly announced his plans of modernising the Cabinet of Georgia well before Georgian presidential elections. Shortly after being re-elected, the president formally re-appointed the Prime Minister of Georgia Lado Gurgenidze and asked him to present a renewed cabinet to the Parliament of Georgia for final approval.
Gurgenidze changed most ministers, leaving Ivane Merabishvili, controversial Minister for Home Affairs, Defence Minister David Kezerashvili and Minister of Finance Nika Gilauri on their former positions. Gia Nodia was appointed as the Minister of Education and Science. Zaza Gamcemlidze, former director of Tbilisi Botanic Garden, took over the position of the Minister of Natural Resources and Nature Protection. Famous archaeologist, and already the eldest minister in the cabinet, Iulon Gagoshidze was appointed on a newly designated position of the Minister of State for Diasporas.
Parliamentary elections held during Saakashvili's second term were condemned by the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe election monitoring mission for being marred by ballot stuffing, violence against opposition campaigners, uncritical coverage of the president and his party from the state-controlled media, and public officials openly campaigning for the president's party.
On 28 October 2008, Saakashvili proposed Grigol Mgaloblishvili, Georgian ambassador to Turkey for the premiership. According to the President, Gurgenidze had initially agreed to serve only for a year and that Georgia was facing new challenges which needed new approach. The Parliament of Georgia approved Mgaloblishvili as the premier on 1 November 2008.
Demonstrations against Saakashvili spread across Georgia in 2009, 2011 and 2012.
Russo-Georgian War
On 22 February 2008, Saakashvili held an official meeting with the President of Russia Vladimir Putin, in his residence in Novo-Ogaryovo. The presidents discussed the issues of aviation regulations between the two countries. This was Putin's last meeting in his second term as the President of Russia, being succeeded by Dimitry Medvedev shortly thereafter.
However, after a series of clashes between Georgians and South Ossetians, Russian military forces intervened on the side of the South Ossetian separatists in response to the Georgian attack on Tskhinvali and invaded Gori in Shida Kartli. The two counterparts were led to a ceasefire agreement and a six-point peace plan, due to the French President's mediation. On 26 August 2008, the Russian president, Dmitry Medvedev, signed a decree recognizing Abkhazia and South Ossetia as independent states. Also on 26 August, in response to Russia's recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia, Deputy Foreign Minister Grigol Vashadze announced that Georgia had broken diplomatic relations with Russia.
Medvedev held Saakashvili responsible for the Russo-Georgian War, and states that Saakashvili is responsible for the collapse of the Georgian state.
The Georgian military's capabilities were severely damaged by the war, and Saakashvili's government moved to rebuild them, massively increasing military spending. By late 2010, the Georgian military reached a strength greater than that of pre-war levels, after which military spending declined again. Although the Georgian government bought large amounts of arms and military equipment from abroad, it also began to seriously invest in an indigenous military industry. Starting in 2010, Georgia began to manufacture its own line of armoured vehicles, artillery systems, small arms, and unmanned aerial vehicles.
2009 opposition demonstrations and armed mutiny
The pressure against Saakashvili intensified in 2009, when the opposition launched mass demonstrations against Saakashvili's rule. On 5 May 2009, Georgian police said large-scale disorders were planned in Georgia of which the failed army mutiny was part. According to the police, Saakashvili's assassination had also been plotted. Opposition figures dispute the claim of an attempted mutiny and instead say that troops refused an illegal order to use force against opposition demonstrators.
End of presidency
On 2 October 2012, Saakashvili admitted defeat in Georgia's parliamentary election against Bidzina Ivanishvili in the election the day before. He was barred from seeking a third term in the 2013 presidential election. Saakashvili left Georgia shortly after the election.
In December 2013, Saakashvili accepted the position of lecturer and senior statesman at Tufts University in the United States.
Legal prosecution (in Georgia) since the end of presidency
On 23 March 2014, when Saakashvili was summoned to give testimony to the main prosecutor's office of Georgia, the office planned to interrogate him about the pardoning in 2008 of four high-ranking officials of the Department of Constitutional Security of the Georgian Ministry of Internal Affairs – Gia Alania, Avtandil Aptsiauri, Alexander Gachava and Mikhail Bibiluridze, who were convicted for causing the death of bank employee Sandro Girgvliani on 28 January 2006, as well as for unlawful actions against his friend Levan Bukhaidze. He was also to be questioned as a witness for nine criminal cases, including the death of the Prime Minister of Georgia Zurab Zhvania in 2005.
On 28 July 2014, criminal charges were filed by the Georgian prosecutor's office against Saakashvili over allegedly "exceeding official powers" during the 2007 Georgian demonstrations, as well as a police raid on and "seizure" of Imedi TV and other assets owned by the late tycoon Badri Patarkatsishvili. Saakashvili, then in Hungary, responded by accusing the Georgian authorities of political score-settling and attempts at appeasing Russia. The United States expressed concerns over the case and warned that "the legal system should not be used as a tool of political retribution". The European Union stated that it took "note with concern" and it will "closely monitor these and other legal proceedings against members of the former government and current opposition in Georgia".
On 2 August 2014, Tbilisi City Court ordered pre-trial detention in absentia for Saakashvili and the co-accused Zurab Adeishvili (chief prosecutor in 2007) and Davit Kezerashvili (defense minister in 2007), with a preliminary hearing appointed for September 2014.
On 13 August 2014, Saakashvili was charged with embezzling budget funds. On 14 August, an internal search was declared, and on 31 August, the procedure for declaring an international search was launched. On 1 August 2015, Interpol refused to declare Saakashvili on the international wanted list, as the Georgian authorities demanded. In September, the property of the Saakashvili family was seized. His personal bank accounts in Georgia were also seized.
In March 2015, Ukraine denied a Georgian request to extradite Saakashvili, as it deemed the criminal cases against him politically motivated.
Saakashvili stated on 1 June 2015 that he had given up (three days before) Georgian citizenship to avoid "guaranteed imprisonment" in Georgia. The Constitution of Ukraine forbids the extradition of Ukrainians to other states.
On 8 August 2017, the Georgian General Prosecutor's Office claimed Saakashvili would face up to 11 years of imprisonment (charges included the spending of public funding on personal needs, abuse of power during the dispersal of a demonstration on 7 November 2007, the beating of former MP Valery Gelashvili and the raid of Imedi TV).
On 18 August 2017, Georgia requested Ukraine to extradite Saakashvili. On 5 September, the Ukrainian authorities confirmed that they had received the request from Georgia.
On 5 January 2018, the Tbilisi City Court sentenced Saakashvili to three-year imprisonment in absentia for abusing power in pardoning the former Interior Ministry officials convicted in the 2006 Sandro Girgvliani murder case. On 28 June 2018, the Tbilisi City Court found Saakashvili guilty of abusing his authority as president by trying to cover up evidence related to the 2005 beating of opposition lawmaker Valery Gelashvili and sentenced him in absentia to six years in prison. Saakashvili and his supporters denounced the verdict as politically motivated.
After returning to Georgia in 2021, Saakashvili was additionally charged for illegal border crossing.
Ukraine
Saakashvili energetically supported Ukraine's Euromaidan movement and its Revolution of Dignity. On 7 March 2014, Saakashvili authored an op-ed piece entitled "When Putin invaded my country", in the context of the turmoil in Ukraine after the ouster on 22 February of President Viktor Yanukovych and before the 16 March referendum in the 2014 Crimean crisis.
In September 2014, Saakashvili moved to Williamsburg, Brooklyn, New York.
Governor of Odesa
On 13 February 2015, Saakashvili was appointed by the president of Ukraine, Petro Poroshenko, as head of the International Advisory Council on Reforms—an advisory body whose main task is working out proposals and recommendations for implementation and introduction of reforms in Ukraine based on best international practices. On 30 May 2015, Poroshenko appointed Saakashvili Governor of Odesa Oblast (region). On the previous day, 29 May 2015, he was granted Ukrainian citizenship. A month before this appointment, Saakashvili had stated that he had turned down the post of First Vice Prime Minister of Ukraine because in order to fulfill that post, he would have had to become a Ukrainian citizen and renounce his Georgian citizenship. Saakashvili stated on 1 June 2015 that he had now changed his mind to avoid "guaranteed imprisonment" in Georgia and to defend Georgian interest through his governorship in Odesa. Also on 1 June, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia stated that the appointment of Saakashvili would not have a negative impact on the relations between Georgia and Ukraine. But in reality, after this appointment, relations between the two countries soured. On 4 December 2015, Saakashvili was stripped of his Georgian citizenship due to restrictions on dual nationality under Georgian law. Saakashvili claimed that this was done to prevent him from leading the United National Movement in the 2016 Georgian parliamentary election.
A poll by Sociological group "RATING" showed that in October 2015, Saakashvili was the most popular politician in Ukraine (43% viewed him positively).
In December 2015, Saakashvili started an anti-corruption NGO Movement for Purification. Among rumours that this NGO would be transformed into a political force, Saakashvili stated he did not have the intention to create a new political party. In the autumn of 2015, informal attempts and negotiations were launched to form a political party around Saakashvili with members of the parliamentary group Interfactional Union "Eurooptimists", Democratic Alliance and possibly Self Reliance, but this project collapsed in June 2016.
Saakashvili submitted his resignation as governor on 7 November 2016 citing corruption in Ukraine as a main reason. In a press conference this same day, he claimed that President Poroshenko personally supported "corruption clans in the Odesa region" and that the "Odesa region is being handed over not only to corrupt people, but also to enemies of Ukraine." On 9 November 2016, President Poroshenko accepted Saakashvili's resignation (as governor) and dismissed him as his freelance adviser.
Movement of New Forces
On 11 November 2016, Saakashvili announced his goal to create a new political party called "Movement of New Forces" and that "our goal is early parliamentary elections to be carried out as quickly as possible in the shortest possible time." In late February 2017, the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine registered Movement of New Forces officially as a political party.
According to a poll by Sociological group "RATING", 18% viewed Saakashvili positively in April 2017.
In Ukraine, only Ukrainian citizens can lead political parties or be elected to its parliament.
Stripping of Ukrainian citizenship
On 26 July 2017, President Poroshenko issued a decree stripping Saakashvili of his Ukrainian citizenship, but without a reason for his doing so being stated. Ukraine's migration service said in a statement that "according to the Constitution of Ukraine, the president takes decisions on who is stripped of Ukrainian citizenship based on the conclusions of the citizenship commission". Saakashvili, in response to his being stripped of citizenship, replied: "I have only one citizenship, that of Ukraine, and I will not be deprived of it! Now there is an attempt under way to force me to become a refugee. This will not happen! I will fight for my legal right to return to Ukraine!" A Ukrainian legislator from the Petro Poroshenko Bloc faction in parliament, Serhiy Leshchenko, said that Saakashvili was (when Poroshenko issued his decree) in the United States, but that if he sought to return to Ukraine, he would face extradition to Georgia to face charges for alleged crimes that occurred during his presidency there. According to The Economist, most observers saw Poroshenko's stripping Saakashvili of his citizenship "simply as the sidelining of a political rival" (at the time political polls gave Saakashvili's political party Movement of New Forces around 2% in a hypothetical early election). On 28 July 2017, Saakashvili told Newshour he wanted to return to Ukraine to "get rid of the old corrupt elite" there.
On 4 August, Saakashvili appeared in Poland; he left the country 4 days later travelling to Lithuania claiming "I'll be travelling across Europe." Saakashvili announced on 16 August that he will return to Ukraine on 10 September (2017) through the Krakovets checkpoint and urged people to meet him at the checkpoint.
On 10 September, the train on which Saakashvili tried to enter Ukraine was held at a railway station in Przemysl, Poland. Then, on the same day, he travelled by bus to the Medyka-Shehyni border crossing, where he was allowed to pass through a Polish checkpoint on the border with Ukraine, but then temporarily blocked from reaching the Ukrainian checkpoint by a line of border guards standing arm-in-arm. Finally, a crowd broke through from the Ukrainian side and took Saakashvili into Ukraine. On 12 September, in the Leopolis Hotel in Lviv, the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine acquainted Saakashvili with the protocol on the administrative violation of "Illegal crossing or attempted illegal crossing of the state border of Ukraine."
At a rally in the western Ukrainian city of Chernivtsi on 13 September, Saakashvili announced that he would return to Kyiv on 19 September after travelling to several other cities to rally support.
On 22 September, the Mostysky District Court of the Lviv region found Saakashvili guilty of illegally crossing the state border. Under the court's decision, he must pay a fine of 200 non-taxable minimums (3400 hryvni).
In the first half of 2017, and in December 2018 and January 2019, Saakashvili hosted political talk shows on the TV channel "Zik". Saakashvili claims his programme was axed in 2019 because his view on Yulia Tymoshenko's candidacy for the 2019 Ukrainian presidential election was distorted (he claimed to support her candidacy while his TV show suggested the exact opposite).
Legal prosecution (in Ukraine)
On 5 December 2017, Saakashvili (who was leading anti-government protests at the time) was temporarily detained by Ukraine's Security Service on the roof of his apartment building in central Kyiv and his apartment was searched. He was freed from police by a large group of protesters. Saakashvili's lawyer reported that the politician had been detained for attempting to overthrow Ukraine's constitutional system, whilst the SBU accused Saakashvili of receiving financing from a "criminal group" linked to ousted (during the Revolution of Dignity) Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych. On 8 December, General Prosecutor of Ukraine Yuriy Lutsenko announced that National Police officers had found the location of Saakashvili, detained him and placed him in a temporary detention centre. The following day, Saakashvili began an indefinite hunger strike, claiming to oppose any attempts at compulsory feeding. On 11 December, a Ukrainian court released him from detention.
On 12 February 2018, Saakashvili was deported to Poland. The Ukrainian border service stated "This person was on Ukrainian territory illegally and therefore, in compliance with all legal procedures, he was returned to the country from where he arrived". Saakashvili was subsequently banned from entering Ukraine until 2021 by the Ukrainian border service. Saakashvili claimed that his Georgian bodyguards and supporters had in recent months been kidnapped, tortured and deported to Georgia. On 14 February 2018, Saakashvili showed up in the Netherlands, having been granted permanent residency there on the basis of family reunification.
Return to Ukraine
In May 2019, Ukraine's new president, Volodymyr Zelenskyy, restored Saakashvili's Ukrainian citizenship. On 29 May 2019, Saakashvili returned to Ukraine; but he soon stated that he had no political ambitions in Ukraine.
On 4 June, Kyiv Mayor Vitali Klitschko offered Saakashvili to join the leadership of his UDAR party and to take part in the July 2019 early parliamentary elections. Saakashvili turned down the offer. In these elections Saakashvili headed the party list of Movement of New Forces. The party received 0.46% of the total votes and no seats. Two days before the election, Saakashvili had called on his supporters to vote for the Servant of the People party at the election. (Servant of the People won the election with 43.16% of the votes.)
Saakashvili wrote on his Facebook page on 22 April 2020 that he had received a proposal from President Zelenskyy to become Vice Prime Minister of Ukraine for reforms in the Shmyhal Government. Saakashvili told the Financial Times newspaper: "The president wants me to be in charge of talks with the IMF … I have experience." The Ukrainian parliament did not consider the issue at its meetings on 24 and 30 April 2020. On 7 May 2020, President Zelenskyy appointed Saakashvili head of the executive committee of the .
Coup plot accusation
On September 18, 2023, the State Security Service of Georgia (SSG) accused Saakashvili and his followers of plotting with the Ukrainian government and Georgian volunteers in Ukraine of planning a Coup d'état against the ruling Georgian Dream. The SSG claim that anti-government protests are being planned by Ukrainian intelligence for October and December of 2023. At the same time, the Georgian government has levied 8 criminal cases against the Georgian Legion's commander Mamuka Mamulashvili, and the SSG has placed a bounty on him. Mamulashvili retorted that the claims of a coup were baseless, but proves that Georgian Dream is a Russophilic party.
Political activity in Georgia since the end of presidency
After stepping down as President in 2013, Saakashvili still remained an influential figure in Georgian politics. He continued to manage the United National Movement party from abroad, while accusing the Georgian government of using the legal system as a tool of political retribution.
Ahead of the 2016 Georgian parliamentary election, Saakashvili said that he was confident that "we [the United National Movement] are winning the election" and promised to return to Georgia and take part in forming a new government. Founder of the ruling Georgian Dream party Bidzina Ivanishvili accused Saakashvili of planning to stir disorders, which Saakashvili denied and in turn accused Ivanishvili of "blaming opponents for what he himself is planning". On 26 September 2016, Saakashvili addressed his supporters at the United National Movement's campaign rally in Zugdidi via video link from Odesa, telling them that "the victory is inevitable". Saakashvili's wife Sandra Roelofs said that Saakashvili would return to Georgia to celebrate the victory. Meanwhile, members of the UNM-affiliated group, Free Zone, held press briefing in Tbilisi, accusing Saakashvili of instructing the leader of the organization Koba Khabazi to prepare for staging disorders. In response to allegations, the State Security Service of Georgia launched an investigation into charges of sabotage. Other members of the Free Zone distanced themselves from these claims and in turn accused the defecting group of being under influence of the State Security Service.
On 27 September 2016, a recording was uploaded on YouTube, purportedly of a call between Mikheil Saakashvili and other UNM leaders discussing the need to pursue a "revolutionary scenario". The State Security Service launched an investigation into charges of "conspiracy to overthrow or to seize state power". Saakashvili denied the authenticity of the conversation and accused Bidzina Ivanishvili of trying to "avoid unavoidable defeat".
On 4 October 2016, Saakashvili accused Ivanishvili of being behind the explosion of car belonging to United National Movement MP Givi Targamadze, alleging that Ivanishvili was trying to "get rid of" Targamadze because he "has been keeping active contacts with the law enforcement [officers], which scares Ivanishvili very much".
On 5 October 2016, Saakashvili addressed his supporters via video link in Tbilisi, saying that three days were left before his return to Georgia.
After elections, Saakashvili said that they were held "with gross violations", calling his supporters to protest. Saakashvili also expressed his support for boycotting the Parliament, a step which other leaders of the United National Movement described as a "suicide for the party". On 4 November, the UNM's political council rejected Saakashvili's calls to boycott. Saakashvili slammed the decision and said that he had no desire to maintain contact with "one or two whimsical persons" from UNM, accusing them of "prescribing defeat" for the party. On 1 December, the political council voted to hold a congress in January to elect a new chairman. Saakashvili lost his right to be UNM's chairman in June 2015, when he was deprived of Georgian citizenship because under Georgian legislation only Georgian citizens can chair political parties in Georgia. Since then, this position remained vacant. Some influential members of the party expressed support for further leaving the position vacant to avoid distancing the party from Mikheil Saakashvili and said that they would raise the issue on congress. Saakashvili supported the idea of holding congress, while some members of the party, under the leadership of Giga Bokeria and Davit Bakradze, accused Saakashvili of "hijacking" the congress organization in circumvention of the political council.
On 12 January 2017, one week before the congress, the United National Movement officially announced splitting. Members of the party who opposed boycotting the parliament and supported electing a new party chair opted to set up their own party. The breakaway entity took the largely unknown legal vehicle of a previous party European Georgia. A majority of the UNM's electoral list defected to European Georgia faction in the parliament, leaving the UNM with six members in parliament. Saakashvili thanked loyal members of the party for opposing efforts to "distance me from the party" and what he called "Ivanishvili's attempt to take over the United National Movement". He voiced the common belief among the UNM voters that these defections were encouraged by the ruling Georgian Dream Coalition in order to weaken its opposition. On 20 January, the UNM congress supported the proposal not to elect the party chairman until Mikheil Saakashvili would return to Georgia. The European Georgia members accused the UNM of "betraying the values of Rose Revolution" and turning to populism. In an interview with the online news website Netgazeti, Giorgi Ugulava distinguished the EG as being more liberal than the UNM, specifically describing the UNM as populist and communitarian.
The UNM had no official chairman until 24 March 2019, when Saakashvili was succeeded as the UNM party's chairman by his own nominee, Grigol Vashadze.
Return to Georgia
Prior to 2021 Georgian local elections, Saakashvili promised his supporters to return to Georgia. Such promises were made by Saakashvili numerous times, including prior to 2016 Georgian parliamentary election and 2020 parliamentary election, thus they were not perceived seriously by some political actors. Many alleged that Saakashvili regularly made such announcements to remain relevant among his supporters and mobilize them to vote in the elections.
Nevertheless, Saakashvili's statements stirred significant controversy in Georgia, with high-ranking Georgian officials saying that Saakashvili would be arrested and sent to prison for his crimes. These statements were made on the basis of Tbilisi City Court decisions in 2018, which condemned Saakashvili for six years in prison for abuse of power, embezzlement and his role in the organization of a grievous bodily injury against an opposition lawmaker Valery Gelashvili. Saakashvili and his supporters denounced these verdicts as politically motivated.
On 1 October 2021, Saakashvili claimed to have returned to Georgia after an eight-year absence, and called on his followers to march on the capital, Tbilisi. He published a video on Facebook, claiming that he was in Batumi. The Georgian police, however, claimed that Saakashvili had not crossed the country's border. Irakli Kobakhidze, chairman of the Georgian ruling party Georgian Dream, said that the video was "deepfake" and urged the voters to remain calm. Mamuka Mdinaradze, one of the leaders of Georgian Dream, claimed: "He [Saakashvili] is in Ukraine, we have specific information that this person did not leave Ukraine, did not go to another country, this person is in Ukraine, he is trapped somewhere in a hole, he hides from everyone to create the illusion that he is in Georgia".
The video was shared and discussed on social media, before the story began to appear on Georgia's TV channels. For several hours, both pro-government and opposition TV channels actively engaged in the debate over Saakashvili's alleged homecoming video and whereabouts. At the same time, pro-Saakashvili Mtavari Arkhi TV featured a news program titled "Saakashvili is in Georgia", while pro-government Imedi TV featured a news program titled "Saakashvili is in Ukraine". Georgia's Ministry of Internal Affairs reported that special forces were sent to Batumi in operation to detain Saakashvili.
A few moments later, Georgian Prime Minister Irakli Gharibashvili announced at a briefing together with the Minister of Internal Affairs Vakhtang Gomelauri and the head of the State Security Service Grigol Liluashvili that Mikheil Saakashvili was under arrest. Soon a video was published featuring handcuffed Saakashvili being taken into prison N12 in Rustavi. According to the investigation, Saakashvili entered the country secretly, hiding in a semi-trailer truck loaded with milk products. He illegally crossed the state border of Georgia, bypassing the customs control. He was arrested in Tbilisi by the police and taken to the prison in Rustavi.
President of Georgia Salome Zourabichvili stated that she would "never" pardon Saakashvili. On 3 November 2021 Zourabichvili confirmed her first statement again.
Saakashvili began a hunger strike in protest of what he considered as the state's refusal to give him a fair trial on charges which he thought would "destroy him and Georgia". On 10 October 2021, his personal doctor asked authorities to move him to hospital as he continued with his hunger strike since his arrest and his health condition had allegedly worsened.
On 14 October 2021, tens of thousands protested on Tbilisi's Rustaveli Avenue, demanding the release of Saakashvili from prison. Nika Melia, a leader of the United National Movement, came under criticism for ending a demonstration without presenting a plan of action or scheduling further protests, some even questioning his ability to lead the party and his loyalty to Saakashvili, pointing at the alleged internal power struggle within the party between Melia and Saakashvili. Melia responded to criticism by denying the existence of any conflict.
Georgia's rights ombudsman stated that Saakashvili was not being given proper medical care and was being abused by fellow inmates. The State Inspector's Service of Georgia launched a criminal investigation into alleged inhuman treatment of Mikheil Saakashvili. Since 1 March 2022, the Special Investigation Service of Georgia has continued investigating instead of the State Inspector's Service.
On 8 November 2021, Saakashvili was moved to Gldani penitentiary hospital. On 19 November 2021, Saakashvili was transferred to a Gori military hospital. Saakashvili's doctor Nokoloz Kipshidze and lawyer Nika Gvaramia stated that Saakashvili would end the 50-day hunger strike.
On 12 December 2021, Otar Toidze, a doctor with Georgia's human rights commissioner said Saakashvili was in need of specialist treatment abroad. On 29 December 2021, he was taken from hospital to prison of Rustavi, according to oppositional leaders and media his health conditions were still bad, and he was still continuing decreasing weight, according to his lawyer Nika Gvaramia.
On 12 May 2022, Saakashvili was transferred to a civilian hospital in Tbilisi.
On 1 December 2022, Saakashvili's lawyers appealed the court to either postpone Saakashvili's sentence or release him from prison on medical grounds.
On 24 January 2023, Saakashvili tested positive for COVID-19.
On 1 February, Saakashvili testified before the court remotely. He appeared to have lost a lot of weight, as evidenced by protruding ribs and stomach. According to his lawyer, Saakashvili, who is 195 cm in height, weighs only 69.7 kilograms, has lost 52 kilograms since 1 October 2021, and cannot move without a wheelchair. Despite this, the Court did not deem this sufficient and did not satisfy the motion of the defence in the case on the postponement of Saakashvili's sentence or his release.
While in prison, Saakashvili has remained politically active. In August 2023, Newsweek published an extensive opinion piece by Saakashvili, in which he reflected on his decision to return to Georgia and the challenges he had faced in prison, writing:There was a time a year ago, as my health was declining dramatically and death felt imminent, when I regretted coming back to Georgia. I thought to myself that if I survived this ordeal, if I tasted freedom again, I would leave Georgian politics behind for good. I felt my sacrifice had been a miscalculation, a folly.
But even when I tried to turn my back on Georgian politics, Georgian politics kept returning to me. I have come to recognize that even as a prisoner with limited contact with the outside, I have a crucial role to play in Georgia's future, a role I cannot just walk away from.
International reaction to Saakashvili's arrest
Saakashvili's arrest led to major criticism from the Ukrainian government, European Parliament, U.S. State Department and international organizations.
International criticism was focused on alleged violation of Saakashvili's human rights in prison, as well as on allegedly politically motivated legal proceedings against him. On 1 October 2021, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy also stated he would work to ensure Saakashvili's release, as Saakashvili is a Ukrainian citizen who was stripped of his Georgian citizenship in 2015. This was criticized by Georgian authorities. Georgian Prime Minister Irakli Garibashvili said that Saakashvili would leave Georgia only after serving his time in prison.
On 9 November, after Saakashvili was transferred to Gldani prison hospital, Amnesty International uploaded statement on Twitter, about Saakashvili: "#Georgia: ex-President #Saakashvili (5th week of hunger strike) violently transferred to prison hospital; allegedly threatened; denied dignity, privacy & adequate healthcare. Not just selective justice but apparent political revenge."
On 18 November 2021, the U.S. State Department urged the Government of Georgia to treat Saakashvili fairly and guarantee his right to a fair trial, and also praised the independent medical team that criticized the prison conditions.
On 28 June 2022, Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe has published declaration, in which they have said that Mikheil Saakashvili has to be treated immediately in a special institution abroad.
On 14 December 2022, the European Parliament passed a resolution which urged the Georgian government to release Saakashvili on medical grounds to be treated abroad, while threatening to sanction Bidzina Ivanishvili, a founder of Georgian Dream party, for his role in "deteriorating the democratic political process in Georgia" .
On 14 February 2023, the European Parliament adopted a third non-binding resolution, accusing the Georgian government and Bidzina Ivanishvili of mistreating Mikheil Saakashvili in prison, once again calling for his release from prison and personal sanctions on Ivanishvili.
On 4 December 2022, Moldovan President Maia Sandu stated that she is “deeply concerned” about imprisoned ex-President Mikheil Saakashvili's "rapidly deteriorating state of health."
President Sandu also emphasized, "every human life is priceless and the gravity of the situation requires immediate transfer of Saakashvili to an appropriate hospital to save his life."
Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko also expressed his concerns about Saakashvili's health.
Following Saakashvili's hearing in the court in February 2023, President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyy accused the Georgian government of "publicly torturing" Ukrainian citizen Saakashvili and he claimed that "Russia is killing Ukrainian citizen Mikheil Saakashvili with the hands of the Georgian authorities." According to Zelenskyy, Ukraine had "repeatedly called on official Tbilisi to stop this mockery and agree on the return of Saakashvili to Ukraine."
President Zelensky has instructed the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to summon the Georgian Ambassador to Ukraine, expressing a strong protest and requesting his departure within 48 hours for consultations with his capital in Tbilisi about transferring Saakashvili in Ukraine. Zelensky has uploaded statement on Twitter:
On 12 July 2023 Former US Ambassadors to Georgia issued a statement urging the Government of Georgia to allow “imprisoned and emaciated former president Mikheil Saakashvili to obtain life-saving medical treatment”.
With their letter, the Ambassadors William Harrison Courtney (1995-1997), Kenneth Spencer Yalowitz (1998-2001), Richard Monroe Miles (2002-2005), John F. Tefft (2005-2009), and Ian C. Kelly (2015-2018), joined the international concerns which have escalated following the frail and decimated appearance of former President Mikheil Saakashvili during a remote court hearing.
On 14 July 2023, 44 Members of European Parliament has written a letter addressed to President Zurabishvili, Parliamentary Speaker Papuashvili, and Prime Minister Garibashvili urging to transfer former Georgian President Mikheil Saakashvili to one of the European Union member states. The MEPs stressed the need for Saakashvili to receive the necessary and appropriate medical care.
Reaction of Georgian government
Criticism led to heavy squabbles between Georgian government and Ukrainian and European leadership, as well as Western and international organizations. Georgian officials argued that legal proceedings against Saakashvili met all necessary legal standarts and accused Saakashvili of using "international lobbysts" to pressure the government to realize him. They have based their claims on documents published on U.S. Foreign Agents Registration Unit website, which contained information about Saakashvili's and his family members' spendings on lobbyists in the US, which were tasked with working on convincing U.S. congressmen and senators to impose sanctions against Georgia.
In response to criticism about Saakashvili's deteriorating health, Georgian officials claimed Saakashvli was trying to evade prison through self-harm. In particular, Georgian Justice Minister Rati Bregadze said that Saakashvili is trying to evade prison through self-harm. He stated that there is no relevant evidence of Saakashvili being tortured and noted that the state "can not be held responsible for self-harm by the inmate, including his refusal to follow medical prescriptions". Georgian officials claimed that this was part of a plan to pressure the government to release Saakashvili.
Georgian Prime Minister Irakli Garibashvili accused Ukraine of sending Saakashvili from Ukraine to overthrow Georgian government. However, according to Garibashvili, Saakashvili was arrested and the Ukrainian Government asked Tbilisi to release Saakashvili to Kyiv. Georgian Prime Minister claimed at a speech in parliament that the Ukrainian Government and the Georgian opposition are close ideological partners.
In response to criticism from the European Parliament, Georgia's Prime Minister Irakli Garibashvili said that Saakashvili is "agent of the European Parliament". "The European Parliament has explicitly recognised with its shameful resolution that Saakashvili is their agent and they are doing everything to save their agent and get him out of prison. This is not going to happen. We told them and many of our international partners that Saakashvili committed many serious crimes and now the illegal border crossing has been added", said Garibashvili.
The Georgian officials often justified their positions based on the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights. In 2011, the European Court ruled on the ENUKIDZE AND GIRGVLIANI v. GEORGIA case, a high-profile murder case of head of the United Georgian Bank's Foreign Department Sandro Girgvliani, for which Saakashvili has been convicted, saying that the state violated Girgvliani's right to life and that the government, the courts and the parliament coordinated to obstruct the justice and free the criminals of their liability. In 2023, Saakashvili appealed to European Court of Human Rights, claiming that his rights had been violated in prison and calling the Court to order his transferring to a hospital in Warsaw, Poland. The Court rejected Saakashvili's appeal. In response, Georgian officials praised the Court. The ruling party chairman Irakli Kobakhidze said that the European Court remained a bastion of justice, unlike the European Parliament, who became trapped in corruption.
Controversies
Ordering beating of Valery Gelashvili
On 14 July 2005, businessman and Republican member of parliament Valery Gelashvili was beaten by unknown people. Gelashvili suffered skull trauma, numerous fractures of facial bones, lacerations in the nose and forehead, and fractures of the bones of the upper and lower jaw. The incident occurred after daily newspaper Rezonansi published interview with Gelashvili, in which he talked about a conflict between him and Saakashvili over the former's house and made comments about Saakashvili's personal life. In 2004, Gelashvili was requested by authorities to hand over his apartment building to the state after the government decided to transform the nearby Road Traffic Police building into the new presidential residence. Gelashvili agreed but requested the construction works of the new presidential residence to be carried out by his construction firm Evra. Gelashvili alleged in the interview that the government had not paid the firm for construction. He later blamed authorities and Saakashvili for ordering his attack. When the new government came into power in 2012, they promised to start investigation. On 28 June 2018, Tbilisi City Court sentenced former President Mikheil Saakashvili to six years in prison in absentia for, among other crimes, ordering the attack on Valeri Gelashvili in 2005. Saakashvili was also banned from taking any state post for two years and three months.
Violent dispersal of 2007 protests
Saakashvili received widespread criticism for his handling of the 2007 Georgian demonstrations, which were violently dispersed by the police using heavy-handed tactics. Saakashvili came under criticism for using rubber bullets and tear gas against protesters who were blocking Tbilisi's main transport artery, Rustaveli Avenue.
Allegations of corruption
Saakashvili has been accused of corruption and amassing wealth after coming into power by his political opponents. Although petty corruption in Georgia has been largely eliminated by the Saakashvili administration, it was alleged that elite corruption remained a significant problem. Alleged corruption in Saakashvili's inner circle was one of the main causes of 2007 Georgian demonstrations. Former Georgian Minister of Defense Irakli Okruashvili after his resignation accused Saakashvili of corruption and lobbying the interests of his own family. Okruashvili claimed that he caught the president's uncle with a $200,000 bribe but had to hush up the scandal at the president's request. It was alleged that Saakashvili's family members have acquired large number of state property by president's orders, and as a result, Saakashvili's family has emerged as one of the richest families in Georgia by the end of his second term. According to allegations, Saakashvili's family has taken over much of the higher education sector (his mother owning shares in several universities in Tbilisi), the spa industry and the advertisement sector. The opposition also accused then president Saakashvili of overseeing a system of elite corruption encompassing oil and minerals. Saakashvili denied accusations of his political opponents, claiming that his administration has been one of the most successful in eliminating corruption. He accused his opponents of spreading lies and not being honest. After leaving presidential post, Saakashvili has been charged by Prosecutor's Office of Georgia with illegal seizure of property and embezzlement of state funds. He and his supporters have denounced charges as politically motivated.
Personal life
Saakashvili is married to Dutch linguist Sandra Roelofs, whom he met in Strasbourg in 1993. The couple have two sons, Eduard and Nikoloz. A few days before Saakashvili's October 2021 return to Georgia he recorded a video on Facebook with Ukrainian MP Yelyzaveta Yasko in which they disclosed they were having a romantic relationship. A few days later Yasko remarked that Sandra Roelofs was Saakashvili's "ex-wife". There had been no media reports that Saakashvili and his spouse Roelofs had divorced. Roelofs had been "caught by surprise" by Yasko's and Saakashvili's video announcement and remarked on Facebook (on 7 October 2021) that "its form was absolutely unacceptable." On 31 December 2021, Saakashvili recognized to have an extramarital daughter, Elis-Maria, with singer Sofia Nizharadze calling her "my most lovely girl and youngest child". On 1 June 2023 Yasko revealed that she and Saakashvili had become parents, the gender and birthdate of the baby were not announced. At the time of birth Saakashvili was imprisoned.
Apart from his native Georgian, Saakashvili speaks fluent English, French, Russian and Ukrainian, and has some command of Ossetian and Spanish.
Some non-Georgian sources spell Saakashvili's first name using the Russian spelling, Mikhail. In Georgia, he is commonly known as Misha, a hypocorism for Mikheil.
Saakashvili enjoys exercise and has in the past often been seen in public on his bicycle.
Appraisal
In the 2010 study Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes After the Cold War, political scientists Steven Levitsky and Lucan A. Way cite various media and human rights reports to describe Saakashvili's Georgia as a "competitive authoritarian" (i.e., a formally democratic but essentially non-democratic) state.
Saakashvili's government has been lauded by the World Bank for making "striking improvements" in the fight against corruption. In addition, the US State Department noted that during 2005 "the government amended several laws and increased the amount of investigations and prosecutions reducing the amount of abuse and ill-treatment in pre-trial detention facilities". The status of religious freedom also improved due to increased investigation and prosecution of those harassing followers of non-traditional faiths.
The scrupulousness of Patarkatsishvili's political opposition toward the Georgian president has been questioned by the Jamestown Foundation's political analyst Vladimir Socor who attributed the businessman's discontent to Saakashvili's anti-corruption reforms, which "had severely curtailed Patarkatsishvili's scope for doing business in his accustomed, post-Soviet 1990s-style ways." Patarkatsishvili—who had fled the Russian authorities after allegations of fraud—was called "a state criminal" by Saakashvili, who accused him of treason while refusing to admit to any of his accusations.
Saakashvili was portrayed by Cuban-American Hollywood actor Andy García in the 2010 Hollywood film 5 Days of War by Finnish-American film director Renny Harlin. The film tells the story of Saakashvili and the events during the Russo-Georgian War.
Electoral history
Notes
References
Further reading
Asmus, Ronald. A Little War that Shook the World : Georgia, Russia, and the Future of the West. NYU (2010).
External links
Mikheil Saakashvili Full Biography
1st inauguration of Mikheil Saakashvili (2004)
2nd inauguration of Mikheil Saakashvili (2008)
|-
1967 births
21st-century politicians from Georgia (country)
21st-century Ukrainian politicians
Columbia Law School alumni
Democracy activists from Georgia (country)
Expatriates from Georgia (country) in the Netherlands
Fugitives
George Washington University Law School alumni
Emigrants from Georgia (country) to Ukraine
Nationalists from Georgia (country)
Anti-communists from Georgia (country)
Governors of Odesa Oblast
Jurists from Georgia (country)
Politicians from Tbilisi
Living people
Movement of New Forces politicians
Naturalized citizens of Ukraine
People of the Russo-Georgian War
Lawyers from Tbilisi
People who lost Ukrainian citizenship
Presidents of Georgia
Prisoners and detainees of Ukraine
Pro-Europeanism in Georgia (country)
Pro-Europeanism in Ukraine
Pro-Ukrainian people of the 2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine
Recipients of the Collar of the Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana
Rose Revolution
Stateless people
Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv alumni
Ukrainian expatriates in the Netherlands
Ukrainian television presenters
United National Movement (Georgia) politicians
Prisoners and detainees of Georgia (country)
Heads of government who were later imprisoned
Hunger strikers
Justice ministers of Georgia |
Redford is a hamlet in the parish of Carmyllie in Angus, Scotland. It is situated on high ground between Arbroath, on the coast, and the inland county town of Forfar. Carmyllie school is located in the settlement, as was the old Carmyllie railway station.
See also
Carnoustie
References
Villages in Angus, Scotland |
The Federación Latinoamericana de Hipnosis Clínica (“Latin American Association for Clinical Hypnosis”) was a Latin American professional association for clinical hypnosis.
The association was founded in the 1950s following Milton H. Erickson′s hypnotherapy with the aim of networking and professional training as well as raising public awareness for the benefits of hypnosis. Amongst their founding members were Isaac Gubel′s Sociedad Argentina de Hipnoterapia. The association included, among others, two Argentinian, four Brazilian, one Chilean, two Colombian, one Spanish, one Peruvian, one Uruguayan and five Verenzolan associations for clinical hypnosis.
The association held regular meetings in various countries of the continent. Its publication organ, the Revista Latino-Americana de Hipnosis Clínica, was published under the editorial direction of Isaac Gubel from November 1959. Other publications were the Acta hipnológica latinoamericana and the Hipnología.
The organization is not to be confused with the Confederación Latinoamericana de Hipnosis Clínica y Experimental.
References
Hypnosis organizations
Professional associations based in Argentina
1950s establishments in Argentina |
```objective-c
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.
#ifndef V8_DEBUG_DEBUG_TYPE_PROFILE_H_
#define V8_DEBUG_DEBUG_TYPE_PROFILE_H_
#include <vector>
#include "src/debug/debug-interface.h"
#include "src/handles.h"
#include "src/objects.h"
namespace v8 {
namespace internal {
// Forward declaration.
class Isolate;
struct TypeProfileEntry {
explicit TypeProfileEntry(
int pos, std::vector<v8::internal::Handle<internal::String>> t)
: position(pos), types(std::move(t)) {}
int position;
std::vector<v8::internal::Handle<internal::String>> types;
};
struct TypeProfileScript {
explicit TypeProfileScript(Handle<Script> s) : script(s) {}
Handle<Script> script;
std::vector<TypeProfileEntry> entries;
};
class TypeProfile : public std::vector<TypeProfileScript> {
public:
static std::unique_ptr<TypeProfile> Collect(Isolate* isolate);
static void SelectMode(Isolate* isolate, debug::TypeProfileMode mode);
private:
TypeProfile() = default;
};
} // namespace internal
} // namespace v8
#endif // V8_DEBUG_DEBUG_TYPE_PROFILE_H_
``` |
```python
# flake8: noqa: E266, C417, B950
from mixtral_moe_model import ConditionalFeedForward
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F
##### Quantization Primitives ######
def dynamically_quantize_per_channel(x, quant_min, quant_max, target_dtype):
# assumes symmetric quantization
# assumes axis == 0
# assumes dense memory format
# TODO(future): relax ^ as needed
# default setup for affine quantization of activations
eps = torch.finfo(torch.float32).eps
# get min and max
min_val, max_val = torch.aminmax(x, dim=1)
# calculate scales and zero_points based on min and max
# reference: path_to_url
min_val_neg = torch.min(min_val, torch.zeros_like(min_val))
max_val_pos = torch.max(max_val, torch.zeros_like(max_val))
device = min_val_neg.device
# reference: path_to_url
max_val_pos = torch.max(-min_val_neg, max_val_pos)
scales = max_val_pos / (float(quant_max - quant_min) / 2)
# ensure scales is the same dtype as the original tensor
scales = torch.clamp(scales, min=eps).to(x.dtype)
zero_points = torch.zeros(min_val_neg.size(), dtype=torch.int64, device=device)
# quantize based on qmin/qmax/scales/zp
# reference: path_to_url
x_div = x / scales.unsqueeze(-1)
x_round = torch.round(x_div)
x_zp = x_round + zero_points.unsqueeze(-1)
quant = torch.clamp(x_zp, quant_min, quant_max).to(target_dtype)
return quant, scales, zero_points
##### Weight-only int8 per-channel quantized code ######
def replace_linear_weight_only_int8_per_channel(module):
for name, child in module.named_children():
if isinstance(child, nn.Linear) and name != "gate":
setattr(
module,
name,
WeightOnlyInt8Linear(
child.in_features, child.out_features, target_dtype=torch.int8
),
)
elif isinstance(child, ConditionalFeedForward):
num_experts, intermediate_size, dim = child.w1.shape
setattr(
module,
name,
ConditionalFeedForwardInt8(
num_experts, intermediate_size, dim, target_dtype=torch.int8
),
)
else:
replace_linear_weight_only_int8_per_channel(child)
class WeightOnlyInt8QuantHandler:
def __init__(self, mod):
self.mod = mod
@torch.no_grad()
def create_quantized_state_dict(self):
cur_state_dict = self.mod.state_dict()
for fqn, mod in self.mod.named_modules():
if isinstance(mod, torch.nn.Linear) and not fqn.endswith(".gate"):
int8_weight, scales, _ = dynamically_quantize_per_channel(
mod.weight.float(), -128, 127, torch.int8
)
cur_state_dict[f"{fqn}.weight"] = int8_weight
cur_state_dict[f"{fqn}.scales"] = scales.to(mod.weight.dtype)
elif isinstance(mod, ConditionalFeedForward):
for weight_idx in range(0, 3):
weight_name = f"w{weight_idx + 1}"
scales_name = f"scales{weight_idx + 1}"
weight = getattr(mod, weight_name)
num_experts, intermediate_size, dim = weight.shape
bit8_weight_list = []
scales_list = []
for expert_idx in range(num_experts):
bit8_weight, scales, _ = dynamically_quantize_per_channel(
weight[expert_idx].float(), -128, 127, torch.int8
)
bit8_weight_list.append(
bit8_weight.reshape(1, intermediate_size, dim)
)
scales_list.append(scales.reshape(1, intermediate_size))
cur_state_dict[f"{fqn}.{weight_name}"] = torch.cat(
bit8_weight_list, dim=0
)
cur_state_dict[f"{fqn}.{scales_name}"] = torch.cat(
scales_list, dim=0
)
return cur_state_dict
def convert_for_runtime(self):
replace_linear_weight_only_int8_per_channel(self.mod)
return self.mod
class WeightOnlyInt8Linear(torch.nn.Module):
__constants__ = ["in_features", "out_features"]
in_features: int
out_features: int
weight: torch.Tensor
def __init__(
self,
in_features: int,
out_features: int,
bias: bool = True,
device=None,
dtype=None,
target_dtype=None,
) -> None:
assert target_dtype is not None
factory_kwargs = {"device": device, "dtype": dtype}
super().__init__()
self.in_features = in_features
self.out_features = out_features
self.register_buffer(
"weight", torch.empty((out_features, in_features), dtype=target_dtype)
)
self.register_buffer("scales", torch.ones(out_features, dtype=torch.bfloat16))
def forward(self, input: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
return F.linear(input, self.weight.to(dtype=input.dtype)) * self.scales
class ConditionalFeedForwardInt8(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, num_experts, intermediate_size, dim, target_dtype):
super().__init__()
self.target_dtype = target_dtype
self.register_buffer(
"w1", torch.empty(num_experts, intermediate_size, dim, dtype=target_dtype)
)
self.register_buffer(
"w2", torch.empty(num_experts, dim, intermediate_size, dtype=target_dtype)
)
self.register_buffer(
"w3", torch.empty(num_experts, intermediate_size, dim, dtype=target_dtype)
)
self.register_buffer(
"scales1", torch.empty(num_experts, intermediate_size, dtype=torch.bfloat16)
)
self.register_buffer(
"scales2", torch.empty(num_experts, dim, dtype=torch.bfloat16)
)
self.register_buffer(
"scales3", torch.empty(num_experts, intermediate_size, dtype=torch.bfloat16)
)
def forward(self, x, expert_indices):
w1_weights = self.w1.to(x.dtype)[expert_indices] # [T, A, D, D]
w3_weights = self.w3.to(x.dtype)[expert_indices] # [T, A, D, D]
w2_weights = self.w2.to(x.dtype)[expert_indices]
x1 = F.silu(
torch.einsum("ti,taoi -> tao", x, w1_weights)
* self.scales1[expert_indices].to(x.dtype)
)
x3 = torch.einsum("ti, taoi -> tao", x, w3_weights) * self.scales3[
expert_indices
].to(x.dtype)
expert_outs = torch.einsum(
"tao, taio -> tai", (x1 * x3), w2_weights
) * self.scales2[expert_indices].to(
x.dtype
) # [T, A, D, D]
return expert_outs
``` |
The Flatrock River, also known as Flatrock Creek and other variants of the two names, is a tributary of the East Fork of the White River in east-central Indiana in the United States. Via the White, Wabash and Ohio rivers, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River, draining an area of .
The Flatrock River rises near Mooreland in northeastern Henry County, and flows generally southwestwardly through Rush, Decatur, Shelby and Bartholomew counties, past the communities of Lewisville, Rushville and St. Paul. It joins the Driftwood River at Columbus to form the East Fork of the White River. The New Hope Bridge and Pugh Ford Bridge span the river in Bartholomew County, Indiana.
In Decatur County it collects the Little Flatrock River, which rises in Rush County and flows southwestwardly , past Milroy.
Variant names
The United States Board on Geographic Names settled on "Flat Rock River" as the stream's name in 1917, and changed it to "Flatrock River" in 1959. According to the Geographic Names Information System, it has also been known historically as "Big Flat Rock River," "Big Flatrock River," "Flat Rock Creek," and "Flatrock Creek."
See also
List of Indiana rivers
References
Rivers of Indiana
Rivers of Bartholomew County, Indiana
Rivers of Decatur County, Indiana
Rivers of Henry County, Indiana
Rivers of Rush County, Indiana
Rivers of Shelby County, Indiana
Tributaries of the Wabash River |
Minuscule 427 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), Θε305 (in the Soden numbering), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on parchment. Palaeographically, it has been assigned to the 13th century.
It has marginalia.
Description
The codex contains the text of the Gospel of Luke and Gospel of Mark on 140 parchment leaves (). It is written in one column and 34 lines per page.
The text is divided according to the Ammonian Sections (in Mark 240 Sections, the last in 16:20), whose numbers are given at the margin. There are no references to the Eusebian Canons.
It contains lectionary markings at the margin (for liturgical use) and subscriptions at the end of each Gospel, with numbers of (in Luke), numbers of (in Luke), and a commentary of Theophylact in Luke and Mark.
Text
The Greek text of the codex is predominantly mixed with the Byzantine element. Kurt Aland did not place it in any Category.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents textual family Kx in Luke 10. In Luke 1 it has mixed text, in Luke 20 it has mixture of the Byzantine text-types.
History
The manuscript was written by one Maurus. It was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Scholz.
C. R. Gregory saw it in 1887.
Formerly the manuscript was held in Augsburg. It is currently housed at the Bavarian State Library (Gr. 465) in Munich.
See also
List of New Testament minuscules
Biblical manuscript
Textual criticism
Minuscule 428
References
Further reading
External links
Minuscule 427 at the CSNTM
Greek New Testament minuscules
13th-century biblical manuscripts |
Submarine Group 2 (also known as SUBGRU 2) is a seagoing group of the United States Navy based at Naval Support Activity Hampton Roads, Norfolk, Virginia.
History
Between 1965 and 2014, Submarine Group 2 was responsible for the administrative control of attack submarines to include training and maintenance. It was headquartered at the Naval Submarine Base New London in Groton, Connecticut and was a subordinate command of Commander, Naval Submarine Force Atlantic (COMSUBLANT). Prior to the mid-1970s, it was designated Submarine Flotilla 2. Submarine Group 2 was disestablished on August 22, 2014. Three submarine squadron commanders, who oversee attack submarines stationed in Connecticut and Virginia, reported from that point on to COMSUBLANT, headquartered in Norfolk, Virginia.
Prior to its disestablishment in 2014, the subordinate units of Submarine Group 2 included -
Submarine Squadron 2
Submarine Squadron 10
Submarine Squadron 14
Submarine Development Group 2
"A smooth and responsible 'sundown' of Submarine Group 2 has been our objective for the past year. We deliberately sought to make it seamless," said last commander Rear Admiral Kenneth Perry. "We make that transition now, the result of thoughtful planning and solid teamwork." The personnel who staffed Submarine Group 2's 45 military and civilian positions in Groton were reassigned.
Reestablishment 2019 onwards
On 30 September 2019, Submarine Group 2 was re-established with a new headquarters in Norfolk, Virginia. The United States Navy restored Submarine Group 2 in order to enhance its capacity to command and control undersea warfare forces seamlessly across the Atlantic.
Submarine Group 2 is the Commander, Task Force (CTF) 84. CTF 84 is the theater undersea warfare commander (TUSWC) for U.S. Fleet Forces Command. Additionally, the command is capable of operating as an embedded task force within U.S. 2nd Fleet or U.S. 4th Fleet as assigned.
"We will prepare forces to control the undersea domain through rigorous competitive training, and a thorough understanding of our adversaries and the environment where we both operate", said the re-establishing commander Rear Admiral James Waters. "Further, we will innovate and advance the art of theater anti-submarine warfare through complex fleet exercises and war games."
On May 26, 2021, the U.S. Navy announced that Rear Admiral (lower half) Brian L. Davies would be assigned additional duties as deputy commander, Second Fleet, Norfolk, Virginia. He was to retain all currently assigned duties as Commander, Submarine Group 2, Norfolk, Virginia.
References
Combatant groups of the United States Navy
Military units and formations established in 1965
Military units and formations in Virginia |
Mahanayak was a Bengali mini-television drama series of 112 episode that premiered on June 27, 2016, on Star Jalsha . The series starred Prosenjit Chatterjee, Paoli Dam, Tanushree Chakraborty, Priyanka Sarkar, Manali Dey, Biswanath Basu and Biswajit Chakraborty in lead roles. The series is loosely based on the life of megastar Uttam Kumar.
Plot summary
The series promises to chart the life of a superstar of 60's era — a life fraught with career highs and personal turbulences.
Cast
Prosenjit Chatterjee as Arun Kumar Chatterjee (character based on Uttam Kumar)
Paoli Dam as Sucharita Sen (character based on Suchitra Sen)
Mishka Halim as Uma Chatterjee (character based on Gauri Chatterjee)
Tanushree Chakraborty as Priya Devi (character based on Supriya Devi)
Priyanka Sarkar as Gayatri Chatterjee (character based on Sabitri Chatterjee)
Gaurav Chakrabarty as Biswanath Chatterjee (character based on Biswajit Chatterjee)
Ridhima Ghosh as Urmila (character based on Mala Sinha)
Sabyasachi Chakrabarty as Satrajit Ray (character based on Satyajit Ray)
Shantilal Mukherjee as Hemen Mukhopadhyay (character based on Hemanta Mukhopadhyay)
Bidipta Chakraborty as Saon Debi (character based on Kanan Devi)
Debdut Ghosh as Chandranath Sen (character based on Dibanath Sen)
Biswajit Chakraborty as Mr. Sarker (character based on Ashok Kumar Sarkar)
Biswanath Basu as Kanu (character based on Bhanu Bandyopadhyay)
Manali Dey as Nibedita Ray
Ambarish Bhattacharya as Buro (brother of Arunkumar) (character based on Tarun Kumar Chatterjee)
Sneha Chatterjee as Buro's Wife (character based on Subrata Chatterjee)
Rupanjana Mitra as Mitra (character based on Sumitra Mukherjee)
Adhiraj Ganguly as Arun Kumar's son
Arindam Sil as Tapabrata Sinha (character based on Tapan Sinha)
Arindol Bagchi as Adhir Sarker
Oindrilla Sen as Madhumita (character based on Moushumi Chatterjee)
Surajit Banerjee as Bishwanath Chowdhury
References
External links
Official Website
2016 Indian television series debuts
Bengali-language television programming in India
Star Jalsha original programming
2016 Indian television series endings |
The 81st Guards Rifle Division is an infantry division of the Russian Ground Forces, previously serving in the Red Army and the Soviet Army. It was formed after the Battle of Stalingrad from the 422nd Rifle Division in recognition of that division's actions during the battle, specifically the encirclement and the siege of the German forces in the city. The 81st Guards continued a record of distinguished service through the rest of the Great Patriotic War, and continued to serve postwar, as a rifle division and later a motor rifle division, until being reorganized as the 57th Separate Guards Motorized Rifle Brigade in 2009 in the Russian Ground Forces. Most of its postwar service was in the Soviet (Russian) far east, where it was originally formed as the 422nd.
Formation
The 81st Guards was one of nineteen Guards rifle divisions created during and in the immediate aftermath of the Battle of Stalingrad. It was formed from the 422nd Rifle Division, which had helped to surround and later defeat the German Sixth Army. When formed, its order of battle was as follows:
233rd Guards Rifle Regiment from 1326th Rifle Regiment
235th Guards Rifle Regiment from 1334th Rifle Regiment
238th Guards Rifle Regiment from 1392nd Rifle Regiment
173rd Guards Artillery Regiment from 1061st Artillery Regiment
92nd Guards Sapper Battalion
87th Guards Antitank Battalion
109th Guards Signal Battalion
79th Guards Reconnaissance Company
506th Antiaircraft Battery (from 20 April 1943)
The division spent March and April rebuilding in the new 7th Guards Army (former 64th Army) before being sent north to Voronezh Front, where it took up and fortified positions on the southern shoulder of the Kursk salient, east of Belgorod.
Battle of Kursk
During the Battle of Kursk, the 81st was faced with attacks from the German Army Detachment Kempf. The division's positions prevented a German advance from the Mikhailovka bridgehead. It initially repulsed the attacks of the 168th Infantry Division on July 5. The 19th Panzer Division broke through near Razumnoe and attacked at the junction of the 78th Guards Rifle Division with the 81st. On the next day the 19th Panzer Division continued to attack along with the 168th and attacked the division's left flank and rear. The 81st put up strong resistance, but Belovskoe and Kreida Station were captured. The division's training battalion was sent into battle around Iastrebovo to stop the German advance. On July 7, III Panzer Corps tried to outflank the division and the 19th Panzer Division captured Blizhniaia Igumenka after fierce fighting. In these first days the division was encircled in its forward positions, and in the course of breaking out lost all of its divisional artillery, most of its regimental artillery, and was reduced to 3,000 men reporting for duty, with about 20 percent unarmed.
Following this breakout, the division was subordinated to 69th Army on July 9, where it would remain until the end of the battle. It was now in the 35th Guards Rifle Corps, holding a line from Staryi Gorod to Postnikov, preparing for an attack by the III Panzer Corps. During the third assault of the day at 1400 hrs. a neighboring rifle regiment was crushed, and the 81st was outflanked, but the German forces were unable to achieve their objective of Shishino. At 2200 hrs. 69th Army ordered the division to withdraw to new lines, and it was transferred again, now to 48th Rifle Corps, where it would remain until the end of the battle. The new lines ran along the right bank of the Northern Donets River from Hill 147.0 to Shcholokovo. The panzer troops, much weakened during the previous five days of heavy combat, had to rest and resupply on July 10. When the attack resumed on July 11, 19th Panzer Division took the villages of Khokhlovo and Kiselevo, pinning the 81st against the river. It was apparent that the German objective was to encircle 48th Corps. On the following day, the division thwarted an attempt to force the river at Shcholokovo; its main opponent, 19th Panzer, was by now down to only 14 operational tanks. However, a more successful crossing by 6th Panzer at Rzhavets to the north made the position of the rifle corps even more vulnerable, and elements of 5th Tank Army were diverted to reinforce it. The 81st received the support of the 26th Guards Tank Brigade. Even with this, after a week of heavy fighting and losses, morale was becoming shaky, and Maj. Gen. Morozov issued an order the following day: Between July 12 - 17, 398 men of the 81st were detained by blocking detachments. On the night of July 13, the 89th Guards Rifle Division and a rifle battalion of 375th Rifle Division were subordinated to Morozov's command. Finally, before dawn on July 15, 48th Rifle Corps began to withdraw from the loose pocket in which it was held, and completed this move by 1040 hrs. The 81st was directed to assemble in the area of Dalnii Dolzhik, where it began a long process of rest and replenishment.
Advance to the Dniepr
Following the battle, and after rebuilding, the 81st rejoined the 7th Guards Army, where it remained until November 1944, in either the 24th or 25th Guards Rifle Corps. During the Belgorod-Khar'kov Offensive Operation, on September 14, General Morozov suffered a serious wound and left command of the division. On September 19 it assisted in the liberation of Krasnograd, and was granted its name as an honorific: Another commander, Col. S.G. Nikolaiev, was appointed the same day, and he continued in command until Morozov returned on December 12. During this time the division participated in the drive to the Dniepr River. From September 25 to 27 the commander of the 235th Guards Rifle Regiment, Lt. Col. Grigorii Trofimovich Skiruta, led his troops in crossing two channels of the river near the village of Orlik, and was recognized for his personal courage and bravery with the award of the Gold Star of a Hero of the Soviet Union on October 26. In January 1944, the division also took part in the liberation of Kirovograd.
First Jassy-Kishinev Offensive
During the Uman–Botoșani Offensive the 81st Guards advanced from the Kirovograd area southwestward, reaching Pervomaisk on March 22. On April 1 the division was in 24th Guards Rifle Corps, along with the 8th Guards Airborne and the 72nd Guards Rifle Divisions. On the night of April 24/25 the division was relieving the 27th Army's 3rd Guards Airborne Division in the front lines in northern Romania, to the west of Jassy. Before its units could get properly dug-in they came under attack from the 1st Guards Royal Romanian Division. During this sharp fight the Romanian division penetrated the defenses of the 81st Guards and drove its forces northwards to the southern outskirts of the town of Harmanesti, west-northwest of Târgu Frumos. Here the division was able to halt the enemy advance, and prepare a counterattack with its second-echelon rifle regiment, supported by all of the divisional artillery. After a short but bloody encounter, the Romanians broke for the rear, prompting their divisional commander to call for assistance from the neighboring German Grossdeutschland Division. In response, on April 26 a small battlegroup of tanks was dispatched to help the Romanians escape. After several more hours of fighting the front stabilized, and by April 28 both sides went over to the defensive, but the Axis forces held most of their gains, forcing a delay to the next Soviet offensive.
That effort finally kicked off on May 2. The 81st Guards was attacking in the first echelon of its corps, with support from the 27th Guards Tank Brigade plus the leading brigades of 29th Tank Corps, and the division's official history describes its mission as follows: The attack began at 0400 hrs., and in the early going the 7th Guards Army advanced from , in the direction of Târgu Frumos. According to the official history: "[T]he resistance offered by the Romanian infantry was weak. As soon as the Soviet tanks appeared in front of their trenches, with infantry advancing steadily behind them, few of them remained..." But this resistance increased as the Romanians retreated southwards. By midday the division had bypassed and isolated several of Grossdeutschland's strong points and advanced up to 12km southwards, capturing several other fortified villages and approaching the outskirts of Târgu Frumos by late afternoon, before being intercepted by a battlegroup from the 3rd SS Panzer Division. In addition, Grossdeutschland committed a battery of 88s and its tank reserves against the Soviet armor. This served to force the 81st, and its support, back up the valley as far as Radiu.
Overnight the Front commander, Marshal I.S. Konev, ordered a regrouping of the attack forces. The 81st and the 72nd Guards were to concentrate on a narrow sector between Mount Hushenei and Radiu. They were to penetrate the German defenses northwest of Târgu Frumos and support the commitment of 5th Tank Army forces into the penetration. But this assault met "with completely no success", and the division suffered considerable losses. In the words of its official history:
This defensive posture continued until late August, when the Second Jassy-Kishinev Offensive began. Within days the Axis forces in eastern Romania were crushed, and the 81st Guards drove into Hungary.
Into the Balkans
In preparation for the final drive on Budapest, in November, the 81st, under 24th Guards Rifle Corps, was transferred to 53rd Army for the duration. In the same month, on November 11, Maj. Gen. Morozov was removed from command, replaced by Col. M.A. Orlov, who remained in command for the duration. The division ended the war in this corps and army near Prague. It was now known by the official title of 81st Guards Rifle, Krasnograd, Order of the Red Banner, Order of Suvorov Division (Russian: 81-я гвардейская стрелковая Красноградская Краснознамённая ордена Суворова дивизия), and four men of the division had received the Gold Star of Heroes of the Soviet Union.
Postwar
The division became part of the 27th Guards Rifle Corps in the Kiev Military District and became the 9th Guards Rifle Brigade at Glukhov and Romny. In October 1953, it became a division again. The division was soon relocated to Arad and became part of the Special Mechanized Army. Its 233rd Guards Rifle Regiment was attached to the 33rd Guards Mechanized Division, fighting in the Soviet invasion of Hungary.
On June 4, 1957, the division was reorganized as the 81st Guards Motor Rifle Division. The division was relocated to Bucharest and then to Konotop. It briefly became part of the 27th Guards Army Corps but in August, 1958 became part of the 1st Army (the former Special Mechanized Army) after the corps was disbanded. In July 1969, the division was sent to Bikin, the city where the 422nd Rifle Division had formed in late 1941, as part of the 45th Army Corps. In 1970 its order of battle was as follows:
233rd Guards Motorized Rifle Regiment (Bikin)
235th Guards Motorized Rifle Regiment (Vyazemsky)
238th Guards Motorized Rifle Regiment (Lermontovka)
296th Tank Regiment (Bikin)
91st Guards Artillery Regiment (Rozengartovka)
1169th Anti-Aircraft Artillery Regiment (Rozengartovka)
118th Reconnaissance Battalion (Bikin)
236th Guards Engineer-Sapper Battalion (Bikin)
547th Guards Communications Battalion (Bikin)
In November 1972, the corps was disbanded and the division became part of the 15th Army.
In October, 1993 the army became the 43rd Army Corps and in May, 1998 was disbanded. The division became part of the Far Eastern Military District (now Eastern Military District). On June 1, 2009, it became the 57th Separate Guards Motorized Rifle Brigade, 5th Combined Arms Army.
References
Citations
Bibliography
p. 326
External links
Ivan Konstantinovich Morozov
G081
Military units and formations established in 1943
Military units and formations disestablished in 2009 |
is a Japanese tarento, singer, producer and actress. She is best known as a former member of idol groups HKT48, AKB48 and STU48, and was the theater manager for HKT48 and STU48. She was also a member of AKB48's unit Not Yet and is the producer of the idol groups =Love, ≠Me and .
Career
2007–2012: AKB48
In October 2007, she auditioned and was chosen as a trainee for the 5th generation of AKB48. She was promoted to a regular member of Team B in August 2008. Her first title track single was "Ōgoe Diamond", in October of that year. She placed 27th in the popularity-driven 2009 General Election, where she was grouped with the "Under Girls", the ones who would perform on the first B-side singles. She remained in that position on the follow-up single releases until the following year, the 2010 General Election, where she placed 19th and was grouped with the main girls who sing on the title track. In August 2009, AKB48 announced that she would transfer to Team A, although the transfer did not occur until July 2010.
On December 4, 2010, Sashihara attempted to upload 100 articles in a day on her official blog, with the number of page views reaching 35 million on the same day.
In January 2011, Sashihara starred in a half-hour television program titled , broadcast by TBS, which features her character. The program was subtitled .
Sashihara starred as the lead character in the NTV4 drama "Muse no Kagami" starting on January 14, 2012. She sings the theme song titled "Soredemo Suki Da yo", which was released as her debut solo single on May 2, on the major record label Avex Trax.
In April 2012, it was announced that Sashihara would produce Yubi Matsuri, an idol festival to be held at Nippon Budokan on June 25, featuring girl groups such as Momoiro Clover Z, Idoling!!!, Shiritsu Ebisu Chugaku, Super Girls, Tokyo Girls' Style, Passpo and Watarirouka Hashiritai 7.
2012–2017: Transition to HKT48
On June 16, 2012, Sashihara was demoted and transferred to HKT48, due to her involvement in a dating/sex scandal: the tabloid Shukan Bunshun published an interview with a man who allegedly dated and slept with Sashihara. She replied by saying that the man was "just a friend", and the story was completely false. On June 20, 2012, Sashihara had a panic attack onstage, and hyperventilated due to the stress. Sashihara debuted at the HKT48 Theater as a member of HKT48 Team H on July 5, 2012.
Sashihara released her second single, "Ikujinashi Masquerade", on October 17, 2012. The single reached number one on the Oricon Weekly chart, only the third solo single by an AKB48 member ever to do so.
In 2013 she assumed the position of HKT48 co-manager and theater manager, while continuing to be a member of HKT48 Team H. Sashihara's promotion was also seen by some as a confirmation of Yasushi Akimoto's wish to grant her a role in the management of the group because of her production skills, something he's been hinting at since as early as 2010.
In 2013 she would produce SKE48 member Kaori Matsumura's first solo single "Matsumurabu". Sashihara was given free reins over costume design, lyrics writing, PV direction, as well as choice of music and instrumental arrangement.
Sashihara received the most votes in AKB48's annual general election in 2013: with 150,570 votes she beat out Yuko Oshima, who received 136,503 votes.
In the wake of her mainstream popularity, on August 11, 2014, Sashihara's first autobiography, "Gyakuten-ryoku ~ Pinchi o Mate ~", was published by Koudansha, selling over 20,000 copies in its first week of release and prompting a number of subsequent reprints. The book was based on a series of interviews with Sashihara, and recollects various periods of her life and career. The book was widely advertised by press as a self-improvement volume, whose reading was recommended to salarymen and OL, as well.
In 2015, Sashihara won AKB48's general election with a total of 194,049 votes, returning to the center position. In 2016, Sashihara won AKB48's general election with a total of 243,011 votes. In 2017, Sashihara won AKB48's general election with a total of 246,376 votes.
In 2017, she started the audition for voice actress idol competition on April 29. In the same year, she started producing Japanese idol group =LOVE (Equal Love). and that same year became member and theater manager of the newly founded STU48. She resigned from STU48 on November 25 to focus on HKT48.
2017–present
On December 15, 2018, she announced her graduation from HKT48. Her concert was then held on April 28, 2019, titled "Sashihara Rino Graduation Concert ~Sayonara, Sashihara Rino~". On February 12, 2019, she announced her second idol group ≠ME (Not Equal Me), a sister group to =LOVE.
AKB48 General Election placements
Sashihara's placements in AKB48's annual general election:
Discography
Solo singles
* RIAJ Digital Track Chart was established in April 2009 and discontinued in July 2012.
Singles with HKT48
Singles with AKB48
Albums with AKB48
Kamikyokutachi
"Kimi to Niji to Taiyō to"
Koko ni Ita Koto
"Shōjotachi yo"
"Overtake"
"Kaze no Yukue"
"Koko ni Ita Koto"
1830m
"First Rabbit"
"Ren'ai Sōsenkyo"
"Abogado Ja nē Shi..."
"Itterasshai"
"Aozora yo Sabishikunai Ka?"
Tsugi no Ashiato
"After Rain"
"Boy Hunt no Houhou Oshiemasu"
Koko ga Rhodes da, Koko de Tobe!
"Setsunai Reply"
"Ai no Sonzai"
0 to 1 no Aida
"Yasashiku Aritai"
Performance groups
Team B 3rd Stage
(after Ayaka Kikuchi's graduation)
Team K 4th Stage
Team A 4th Stage
"Faint"
Kenkyūsei
"Faint"
Team B 4th Stage
Team Kenkyūsei
Theatre G-Posso
"Confession"
Team A 6th Stage
Team H 1st Stage
"Glory Days"
Team H Waiting Stage
Himawari-gumi
Team H 2nd Stage
Team H 3rd Stage
Appearances
Music videos
Films
Muse no Kagami (2012), Maki Mukouda
Kodomo Keisatsu (2013), Rino Makihara
I'll Give It My All... Tomorrow (2013), Aya Unami
Barairo no Būko (2014), Sachiko (Būko)
Crayon Shin-Chan: My Moving Story! Cactus Large Attack! (2015), Sumaho-chan (voice)
One Piece: Stampede (2019), Anne (voice)
Goodbye, Don Glees! (2022), Mako Kamogawa (voice)
Dubbing
Hop (2011), Pink Berets
TV dramas
Majisuka Gakuen (TV Tokyo, 2010), Wota
Dr.Irabu Ichirō (TV Asahi, 2011), herself
Majisuka Gakuen 2 (TV Tokyo, 2011), Wota
Muse no Kagami (NTV, 2012), Maki Mukouda
Fukuoka Renai Hakusho (KBC, 2012), Kaori
Kodomo Keisatsu Episode 6 (MBS, 2012), Rino Makihara
Megutantte Mahō Tsukaeru no? Episode 6 (NTV, 2012), Maki Mukouda
Yūsha Yoshihiko to Akuryō no Kagi Episode 9 (TV Tokyo, 2012), Eliza
Honto ni Atta Kowai Hanashi Natsu no Tokubetsuhen 2013 "Ugomeku Ningyō" (Fuji TV, 2013), Rina Sonoda
Tenmasan ga Yuku Episode 5 (TBS, 2013), Miyoko Oshimizu
Majisuka Gakuen 4 Episode 1 (TV Tokyo, 2015), Scandal
Koinaka Episode 9 (Fuji TV, 2015)
Majisuka Gakuen 0: Kisarazu Rantōhen Episode 1 (Nippon Television, 2015), Ageman
AKB Horror Night: Adrenaline's Night Ep.31 – Another Meeting Person (TV Asashi, 2016), Sayaka
AKB Love Night: Love Factory Ep.19 – Italian String (TV Asashi, 2016), Akiko
Bibliography
Gyakutenryoku: Pinch o Mate (Power of reversal:wait a crisis) (Kodansha, August 11, 2014)
Photobooks
B.L.T. U-17 vol.8 (Tokyo News Service, November 6, 2008)
B.L.T. U-17 vol.11 sizzleful girl 2009 summer (Tokyo News Service, August 5, 2009)
Sashiko (Kodansha, January 19, 2012)
Neko ni Maketa (Kobunsha, December 26, 2013)
Scandal Chūdoku (Kodansha, March 22, 2016)
References
External links
1992 births
Living people
Actors from Ōita Prefecture
Japanese idols
Japanese women pop singers
Japanese television personalities
Avex Group artists
Singers from Ōita Prefecture
HKT48 members
AKB48 members
STU48 members
21st-century Japanese women singers
21st-century Japanese singers
21st-century Japanese actresses |
Kivistö is a district and major region of the municipality of Vantaa, Finland, located within the northwestern part of the city. The district has a population of 10,665
Kivistö is a district and major region of the municipality of Vantaa, Finland, located within the northwestern part of the city. The district has a population of 10,665 and a population density of .
The district is bordered to the west by Hämeenlinnanväylä (a constituent of the National road 3 (E12)), to the south by the district of Piispankylä, to the east by the district of Lapinkylä, and to the north by the districts of Seutula and Luhtaanmäki.
The Kivistö major region consists of ten districts: the central Kivistö, Lapinkylä, Seutula, Piispankylä, Riipilä, Kiila, Vestra, Luhtaanmäki, Keimola and Myllymäki. As of December 2021, the Kivistö major region has a total population of 17,410 and a population density of . The Kivistö major region is the least populated—and the least densely populated—major region in Vantaa.
History
The earliest evidence of settlement in the area dates back to the early 16th century. The original inhabitants of the area are believed to have spoken Finnish, which was unique for the time. The name "Kivistö" was coined by them, and it is thought to be in reference to the inarable exposed granite bedrock common to the area. The existing farmland in Kivistö has been in use since the 17th century, during which time the Linna Manor was constructed there.
The first of the contemporary housing in the area was built in the early 1950s. The land was primarily sold by the construction firm Omakiinteistö Oy, and settlers were unaware of a nearby radio station, which handled the Finnish government's international shortwave radio communications. Due to radio-frequency interference, the construction of electrical infrastructure in the area was banned, and the district spent its first years without electricity. After three years of complaints and protests, the ban was lifted, and Kivistö was permitted electrical power. Protests included the construction of a roadside sign leading into the district that read: "Öljylamppukylä—jo 3 vuotta n. 200 taloa ilman sähköä" or "Oil Lamp Town—already 3 years of about 200 houses without electricity".
Amenities
Kivistö has its two public schools, five day care businesses, and a nursing home specializing in dementia care.
In 2015, the Kivistö railway station was opened as a part of the Ring Rail Line. The rail connects Kivistö to downtown Helsinki, as well as Helsinki Airport and Tikkurila.
References
External links
Districts of Vantaa
Major regions of Vantaa
Vantaa |
The 1956 Scottish Cup Final in association football was played on 21 April 1956 at Hampden Park in Glasgow and was the final of the 71st staging of the Scottish Cup. Hearts and Celtic contested the match. The match was won 3-1 by Hearts.
Final
Teams
See also
Played between same clubs:
1901 Scottish Cup Final
1907 Scottish Cup Final
2019 Scottish Cup Final
2020 Scottish Cup Final
External links
SFA report
Video highlights from official Pathé News archive
1956
Scottish Cup Final
Scottish Cup Final 1956
Scottish Cup Final 1956
1950s in Glasgow
Scottish Cup Final |
```javascript
const assert = require('assert');
const { bucketPut } = require('../../../lib/api/bucketPut');
const bucketPutWebsite = require('../../../lib/api/bucketPutWebsite');
const bucketGetWebsite = require('../../../lib/api/bucketGetWebsite');
const { cleanup,
DummyRequestLogger,
makeAuthInfo }
= require('../helpers');
const log = new DummyRequestLogger();
const authInfo = makeAuthInfo('accessKey1');
const bucketName = 'bucketGetWebsiteTestBucket';
const testBucketPutRequest = {
bucketName,
headers: { host: `${bucketName}.s3.amazonaws.com` },
url: '/',
actionImplicitDenies: false,
};
function _makeWebsiteRequest(xml) {
const request = {
bucketName,
headers: {
host: `${bucketName}.s3.amazonaws.com`,
},
url: '/?website',
query: { website: '' },
actionImplicitDenies: false,
};
if (xml) {
request.post = xml;
}
return request;
}
const testGetWebsiteRequest = _makeWebsiteRequest();
function _comparePutGetXml(sampleXml, done) {
const fullXml = '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ' +
'standalone="yes"?><WebsiteConfiguration ' +
'xmlns="path_to_url">' +
`${sampleXml}</WebsiteConfiguration>`;
const testPutWebsiteRequest = _makeWebsiteRequest(fullXml);
bucketPutWebsite(authInfo, testPutWebsiteRequest, log, err => {
if (err) {
process.stdout.write(`Err putting website config ${err}`);
return done(err);
}
return bucketGetWebsite(authInfo, testGetWebsiteRequest, log,
(err, res) => {
assert.strictEqual(err, null, `Unexpected err ${err}`);
assert.strictEqual(res, fullXml);
done();
});
});
}
describe('getBucketWebsite API', () => {
beforeEach(done => {
cleanup();
bucketPut(authInfo, testBucketPutRequest, log, done);
});
afterEach(() => cleanup());
it('should return same IndexDocument XML as uploaded', done => {
const sampleXml =
'<IndexDocument><Suffix>index.html</Suffix></IndexDocument>';
_comparePutGetXml(sampleXml, done);
});
it('should return same ErrorDocument XML as uploaded', done => {
const sampleXml =
'<IndexDocument><Suffix>index.html</Suffix></IndexDocument>' +
'<ErrorDocument><Key>error.html</Key></ErrorDocument>';
_comparePutGetXml(sampleXml, done);
});
it('should return same RedirectAllRequestsTo as uploaded', done => {
const sampleXml =
'<RedirectAllRequestsTo>' +
'<HostName>test</HostName>' +
'<Protocol>http</Protocol>' +
'</RedirectAllRequestsTo>';
_comparePutGetXml(sampleXml, done);
});
it('should return same RoutingRules as uploaded', done => {
const sampleXml =
'<IndexDocument><Suffix>index.html</Suffix></IndexDocument>' +
'<RoutingRules><RoutingRule>' +
'<Condition><KeyPrefixEquals>docs/</KeyPrefixEquals></Condition>' +
'<Redirect><HostName>test</HostName></Redirect>' +
'</RoutingRule><RoutingRule>' +
'<Condition>' +
'<HttpErrorCodeReturnedEquals>404</HttpErrorCodeReturnedEquals>' +
'</Condition>' +
'<Redirect><HttpRedirectCode>303</HttpRedirectCode></Redirect>' +
'</RoutingRule></RoutingRules>';
_comparePutGetXml(sampleXml, done);
});
});
``` |
Desperado: The Soundtrack is the film score to Robert Rodriguez’s Desperado. It was written and performed by the Los Angeles rock bands Los Lobos and Tito & Tarantula, performing traditional Ranchera and Chicano rock music. Other artists on the soundtrack album include Dire Straits, Link Wray, Latin Playboys, and Carlos Santana. Musician Tito Larriva has a small role in the film, and his band, Tito & Tarantula, contributed to the soundtrack as well.
The album track "Mariachi Suite" by Los Lobos was awarded a Grammy for Best Pop Instrumental Performance at the 1995 Grammy Awards.
Track listing
Footnotes
Personnel
Tom Baker – mastering
Antonio Banderas – speech
Steve Berlin – mixing
Richard Bosworth – engineer, mixing engineer
Steve Buscemi – speech
Bill Jackson – engineer, mixing
Tito Larriva – producer
Los Lobos – producer
Cheech Marin – speech
Charlie Midnight – producer
Thom Panunzio – mixing
Karyn Rachtman – executive producer
Robert Rodriguez – executive producer
Cesar Rosas – engineer
Carlos Santana – performer
Quentin Tarantino – speech
David Tickle – mixing
Andy Kravitz -Engineer
References
External links
Mexico Trilogy
1995 soundtrack albums
Los Lobos albums
Action film soundtracks
Epic Records soundtracks |
Jucheer (居車兒) was a Xiongnu of unknown relationship to the royal dynastic lineage who succeeded Doulouchu in 147 AD. In 166 AD, Jucheer joined the Xianbei and Wuhuan in raiding Han territory. When the Wuhuan and Xiongnu were confronted by Han forces they immediately surrendered. Zhang Huan wanted to have Jucheer dismissed, but Emperor Huan of Han was unwilling to remove an established ruler and deemed Jucheer to be an innocent party forced into rebellion. Jucheer died in 172 AD and was succeeded by his son Tute Ruoshi Zhujiu.
Footnotes
References
Bichurin N.Ya., "Collection of information on peoples in Central Asia in ancient times", vol. 1, Sankt Petersburg, 1851, reprint Moscow-Leningrad, 1950
Taskin B.S., "Materials on Sünnu history", Science, Moscow, 1968, p. 31 (In Russian)
172 deaths
Chanyus |
The 1867 Lyttelton by-election was a by-election held on 1 July 1867 during the 4th New Zealand Parliament in the Canterbury electorate of .
The by-election was caused by the resignation of the incumbent MP Edward Hargreaves.
The by-election was won by George Macfarlan. Another candidate—George Agar—was proposed, but did not find a seconder, hence Macfarlan was declared elected.
Notes
Lyttelton 1867
1867 elections in New Zealand
Politics of Canterbury, New Zealand
July 1867 events |
The Cape Range clawless gecko (Crenadactylus tuberculatus) is a species of gecko endemic to Western Australia in Australia.
References
Crenadactylus
Reptiles described in 2016
Taxa named by Paul Doughty
Taxa named by Ryan J. Ellis
Taxa named by Paul M. Oliver
Reptiles of Western Australia |
Protoencrinurella is an extinct genus of trilobite in the family Pliomeridae. There is one described species in Protoencrinurella, P. maitlandi.
References
Pliomeridae
Articles created by Qbugbot |
```c++
/*
========================================================================
Name : pjsuaContainer.cpp
Author : nanang
Description :
========================================================================
*/
// [[[ begin generated region: do not modify [Generated System Includes]
#include <barsread.h>
#include <eikimage.h>
#include <eikenv.h>
#include <stringloader.h>
#include <eiklabel.h>
#include <aknviewappui.h>
#include <eikappui.h>
#include <akniconutils.h>
#include <pjsua.mbg>
#include <pjsua.rsg>
// ]]] end generated region [Generated System Includes]
// [[[ begin generated region: do not modify [Generated User Includes]
#include "pjsuaContainer.h"
#include "pjsuaContainerView.h"
#include "pjsua.hrh"
// ]]] end generated region [Generated User Includes]
#include <eikmenub.h>
// [[[ begin generated region: do not modify [Generated Constants]
_LIT( KpjsuaFile, "\\resource\\apps\\pjsua.mbm" );
// ]]] end generated region [Generated Constants]
/**
* First phase of Symbian two-phase construction. Should not
* contain any code that could leave.
*/
CPjsuaContainer::CPjsuaContainer()
{
// [[[ begin generated region: do not modify [Generated Contents]
iImage1 = NULL;
iLabel1 = NULL;
// ]]] end generated region [Generated Contents]
}
/**
* Destroy child controls.
*/
CPjsuaContainer::~CPjsuaContainer()
{
// [[[ begin generated region: do not modify [Generated Contents]
delete iImage1;
iImage1 = NULL;
delete iLabel1;
iLabel1 = NULL;
// ]]] end generated region [Generated Contents]
}
/**
* Construct the control (first phase).
* Creates an instance and initializes it.
* Instance is not left on cleanup stack.
* @param aRect bounding rectangle
* @param aParent owning parent, or NULL
* @param aCommandObserver command observer
* @return initialized instance of CPjsuaContainer
*/
CPjsuaContainer* CPjsuaContainer::NewL(
const TRect& aRect,
const CCoeControl* aParent,
MEikCommandObserver* aCommandObserver )
{
CPjsuaContainer* self = CPjsuaContainer::NewLC(
aRect,
aParent,
aCommandObserver );
CleanupStack::Pop( self );
return self;
}
/**
* Construct the control (first phase).
* Creates an instance and initializes it.
* Instance is left on cleanup stack.
* @param aRect The rectangle for this window
* @param aParent owning parent, or NULL
* @param aCommandObserver command observer
* @return new instance of CPjsuaContainer
*/
CPjsuaContainer* CPjsuaContainer::NewLC(
const TRect& aRect,
const CCoeControl* aParent,
MEikCommandObserver* aCommandObserver )
{
CPjsuaContainer* self = new ( ELeave ) CPjsuaContainer();
CleanupStack::PushL( self );
self->ConstructL( aRect, aParent, aCommandObserver );
return self;
}
/**
* Construct the control (second phase).
* Creates a window to contain the controls and activates it.
* @param aRect bounding rectangle
* @param aCommandObserver command observer
* @param aParent owning parent, or NULL
*/
void CPjsuaContainer::ConstructL(
const TRect& aRect,
const CCoeControl* aParent,
MEikCommandObserver* aCommandObserver )
{
if ( aParent == NULL )
{
CreateWindowL();
}
else
{
SetContainerWindowL( *aParent );
}
iFocusControl = NULL;
iCommandObserver = aCommandObserver;
InitializeControlsL();
SetRect( aRect );
// Full screen
SetExtentToWholeScreen();
// Set label color
//iLabel1->OverrideColorL( EColorLabelText, KRgbWhite );
//iLabel1->OverrideColorL(EColorControlBackground, KRgbBlack )
iLabel1->SetEmphasis( CEikLabel::EFullEmphasis);
iLabel1->OverrideColorL( EColorLabelHighlightFullEmphasis, KRgbBlack );
iLabel1->OverrideColorL( EColorLabelTextEmphasis, KRgbWhite );
// Set label font
CFont* fontUsed;
_LIT(f,"Arial");
TFontSpec* fontSpec = new TFontSpec(f, 105);
TFontStyle* fontStyle = new TFontStyle();
fontStyle->SetPosture(EPostureUpright);
fontStyle->SetStrokeWeight(EStrokeWeightNormal);
fontSpec->iFontStyle = *fontStyle;
fontUsed = iCoeEnv->CreateScreenFontL(*fontSpec);
iLabel1->SetFont(fontUsed);
iLabel1->SetAlignment( EHCenterVCenter );
ActivateL();
// [[[ begin generated region: do not modify [Post-ActivateL initializations]
// ]]] end generated region [Post-ActivateL initializations]
}
/**
* Return the number of controls in the container (override)
* @return count
*/
TInt CPjsuaContainer::CountComponentControls() const
{
return ( int ) ELastControl;
}
/**
* Get the control with the given index (override)
* @param aIndex Control index [0...n) (limited by #CountComponentControls)
* @return Pointer to control
*/
CCoeControl* CPjsuaContainer::ComponentControl( TInt aIndex ) const
{
// [[[ begin generated region: do not modify [Generated Contents]
switch ( aIndex )
{
case EImage1:
return iImage1;
case ELabel1:
return iLabel1;
}
// ]]] end generated region [Generated Contents]
// handle any user controls here...
return NULL;
}
/**
* Handle resizing of the container. This implementation will lay out
* full-sized controls like list boxes for any screen size, and will layout
* labels, editors, etc. to the size they were given in the UI designer.
* This code will need to be modified to adjust arbitrary controls to
* any screen size.
*/
void CPjsuaContainer::SizeChanged()
{
CCoeControl::SizeChanged();
LayoutControls();
// Align the image
int x = (Size().iWidth - iImage1->Size().iWidth) / 2;
int y = (Size().iHeight - iImage1->Size().iHeight) / 2;
iImage1->SetPosition(TPoint(x, y));
// Align the label
iLabel1->SetExtent(TPoint(0, Size().iHeight - iLabel1->Size().iHeight),
TSize(Size().iWidth, iLabel1->Size().iHeight));
// [[[ begin generated region: do not modify [Generated Contents]
// ]]] end generated region [Generated Contents]
}
// [[[ begin generated function: do not modify
/**
* Layout components as specified in the UI Designer
*/
void CPjsuaContainer::LayoutControls()
{
iImage1->SetExtent( TPoint( 0, 0 ), TSize( 99, 111 ) );
iLabel1->SetExtent( TPoint( 0, 196 ), TSize( 241, 27 ) );
}
// ]]] end generated function
/**
* Handle key events.
*/
TKeyResponse CPjsuaContainer::OfferKeyEventL(
const TKeyEvent& aKeyEvent,
TEventCode aType )
{
// [[[ begin generated region: do not modify [Generated Contents]
// ]]] end generated region [Generated Contents]
if ( iFocusControl != NULL
&& iFocusControl->OfferKeyEventL( aKeyEvent, aType ) == EKeyWasConsumed )
{
return EKeyWasConsumed;
}
return CCoeControl::OfferKeyEventL( aKeyEvent, aType );
}
// [[[ begin generated function: do not modify
/**
* Initialize each control upon creation.
*/
void CPjsuaContainer::InitializeControlsL()
{
iImage1 = new ( ELeave ) CEikImage;
{
CFbsBitmap *bitmap, *mask;
AknIconUtils::CreateIconL( bitmap, mask,
KpjsuaFile, EMbmPjsuaPjsua, -1 );
AknIconUtils::SetSize( bitmap, TSize( 99, 111 ), EAspectRatioPreserved );
iImage1->SetPicture( bitmap );
}
iImage1->SetAlignment( EHCenterVTop );
iLabel1 = new ( ELeave ) CEikLabel;
iLabel1->SetContainerWindowL( *this );
{
TResourceReader reader;
iEikonEnv->CreateResourceReaderLC( reader, R_PJSUA_CONTAINER_LABEL1 );
iLabel1->ConstructFromResourceL( reader );
CleanupStack::PopAndDestroy(); // reader internal state
}
}
// ]]] end generated function
/**
* Handle global resource changes, such as scalable UI or skin events (override)
*/
void CPjsuaContainer::HandleResourceChange( TInt aType )
{
CCoeControl::HandleResourceChange( aType );
SetRect( iAvkonViewAppUi->View( TUid::Uid( EPjsuaContainerViewId ) )->ClientRect() );
// [[[ begin generated region: do not modify [Generated Contents]
// ]]] end generated region [Generated Contents]
}
/**
* Draw container contents.
*/
void CPjsuaContainer::Draw( const TRect& aRect ) const
{
// [[[ begin generated region: do not modify [Generated Contents]
CWindowGc& gc = SystemGc();
gc.SetPenStyle( CGraphicsContext::ENullPen );
TRgb backColor( 0,0,0 );
gc.SetBrushColor( backColor );
gc.SetBrushStyle( CGraphicsContext::ESolidBrush );
gc.DrawRect( aRect );
// ]]] end generated region [Generated Contents]
}
void CPjsuaContainer::PutMessageL( const char * msg )
{
if (!iLabel1)
return;
TPtrC8 ptr(reinterpret_cast<const TUint8*>(msg));
HBufC* buffer = HBufC::NewLC(ptr.Length());
buffer->Des().Copy(ptr);
iLabel1->SetTextL(*buffer);
iLabel1->DrawNow();
CleanupStack::PopAndDestroy(buffer);
}
``` |
All is True can refer to:
An alternative name for William Shakespeare's play Henry VIII
All Is True, a 2018 Kenneth Branagh film |
```go
package issues_test
import (
"testing"
"time"
"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
issues_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/issues"
repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest"
user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
)
func TestCreateComment(t *testing.T) {
assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
issue := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &issues_model.Issue{})
repo := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &repo_model.Repository{ID: issue.RepoID})
doer := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: repo.OwnerID})
now := time.Now().Unix()
comment, err := issues_model.CreateComment(db.DefaultContext, &issues_model.CreateCommentOptions{
Type: issues_model.CommentTypeComment,
Doer: doer,
Repo: repo,
Issue: issue,
Content: "Hello",
})
assert.NoError(t, err)
then := time.Now().Unix()
assert.EqualValues(t, issues_model.CommentTypeComment, comment.Type)
assert.EqualValues(t, "Hello", comment.Content)
assert.EqualValues(t, issue.ID, comment.IssueID)
assert.EqualValues(t, doer.ID, comment.PosterID)
unittest.AssertInt64InRange(t, now, then, int64(comment.CreatedUnix))
unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, comment) // assert actually added to DB
updatedIssue := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &issues_model.Issue{ID: issue.ID})
unittest.AssertInt64InRange(t, now, then, int64(updatedIssue.UpdatedUnix))
}
func TestFetchCodeComments(t *testing.T) {
assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
issue := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &issues_model.Issue{ID: 2})
user := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: 1})
res, err := issues_model.FetchCodeComments(db.DefaultContext, issue, user, false)
assert.NoError(t, err)
assert.Contains(t, res, "README.md")
assert.Contains(t, res["README.md"], int64(4))
assert.Len(t, res["README.md"][4], 1)
assert.Equal(t, int64(4), res["README.md"][4][0].ID)
user2 := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: 2})
res, err = issues_model.FetchCodeComments(db.DefaultContext, issue, user2, false)
assert.NoError(t, err)
assert.Len(t, res, 1)
}
func TestAsCommentType(t *testing.T) {
assert.Equal(t, issues_model.CommentType(0), issues_model.CommentTypeComment)
assert.Equal(t, issues_model.CommentTypeUndefined, issues_model.AsCommentType(""))
assert.Equal(t, issues_model.CommentTypeUndefined, issues_model.AsCommentType("nonsense"))
assert.Equal(t, issues_model.CommentTypeComment, issues_model.AsCommentType("comment"))
assert.Equal(t, issues_model.CommentTypePRUnScheduledToAutoMerge, issues_model.AsCommentType("pull_cancel_scheduled_merge"))
}
func TestMigrate_InsertIssueComments(t *testing.T) {
assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
issue := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &issues_model.Issue{ID: 1})
_ = issue.LoadRepo(db.DefaultContext)
owner := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: issue.Repo.OwnerID})
reaction := &issues_model.Reaction{
Type: "heart",
UserID: owner.ID,
}
comment := &issues_model.Comment{
PosterID: owner.ID,
Poster: owner,
IssueID: issue.ID,
Issue: issue,
Reactions: []*issues_model.Reaction{reaction},
}
err := issues_model.InsertIssueComments(db.DefaultContext, []*issues_model.Comment{comment})
assert.NoError(t, err)
issueModified := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &issues_model.Issue{ID: 1})
assert.EqualValues(t, issue.NumComments+1, issueModified.NumComments)
unittest.CheckConsistencyFor(t, &issues_model.Issue{})
}
``` |
```objective-c
//
// WXSTransitionManager+SpreadAnimation.m
// WXSTransition
//
// Created by AlanWang on 16/9/21.
//
#import "WXSTransitionManager+SpreadAnimation.h"
@implementation WXSTransitionManager (SpreadAnimation)
- (void)spreadNextWithType:(WXSTransitionAnimationType)type andTransitonContext:(id<UIViewControllerContextTransitioning>)transitionContext {
UIViewController *fromVC = [transitionContext viewControllerForKey:UITransitionContextFromViewControllerKey];
UIViewController *toVC = [transitionContext viewControllerForKey:UITransitionContextToViewControllerKey];
UIView *tempView = [toVC.view snapshotViewAfterScreenUpdates:YES];
UIView *containerView = [transitionContext containerView];
[containerView addSubview:toVC.view];
[containerView addSubview:fromVC.view];
[containerView addSubview:tempView];
CGFloat screenWidth = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width;
CGFloat screenHeight = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.height;
CGRect rect0 ;
CGRect rect1 = CGRectMake(0, 0, screenWidth, screenHeight);
switch (type) {
case WXSTransitionAnimationTypeSpreadFromRight:
rect0 = CGRectMake(screenWidth, 0, 2, screenHeight);
break;
case WXSTransitionAnimationTypeSpreadFromLeft:
rect0 = CGRectMake(0, 0, 2, screenHeight);
break;
case WXSTransitionAnimationTypeSpreadFromTop:
rect0 = CGRectMake(0, 0, screenWidth, 2);
break;
default:
rect0 = CGRectMake(0, screenHeight , screenWidth, 2);
break;
}
UIBezierPath *startPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithRect:rect0];
UIBezierPath *endPath =[UIBezierPath bezierPathWithRect:rect1];
CAShapeLayer *maskLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
maskLayer.path = endPath.CGPath; //
tempView.layer.mask = maskLayer;
CABasicAnimation *animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"path"];
animation.fromValue = (__bridge id)(startPath.CGPath);
animation.toValue = (__bridge id)((endPath.CGPath));
animation.duration = self.animationTime;
animation.delegate = self;
[maskLayer addAnimation:animation forKey:@"NextPath"];
self.completionBlock = ^(){
if ([transitionContext transitionWasCancelled]) {
[transitionContext completeTransition:NO];
}else{
[transitionContext completeTransition:YES];
}
[tempView removeFromSuperview];
};
}
- (void)spreadBackWithType:(WXSTransitionAnimationType)type andTransitonContext:(id<UIViewControllerContextTransitioning>)transitionContext {
UIViewController *fromVC = [transitionContext viewControllerForKey:UITransitionContextFromViewControllerKey];
UIViewController *toVC = [transitionContext viewControllerForKey:UITransitionContextToViewControllerKey];
UIView *tempView = [toVC.view snapshotViewAfterScreenUpdates:YES];
UIView *containerView = [transitionContext containerView];
[containerView addSubview:toVC.view];
[containerView addSubview:fromVC.view];
[containerView addSubview:tempView];
CGFloat screenWidth = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width;
CGFloat screenHeight = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.height;
CGRect rect0 ;
CGRect rect1 = CGRectMake(0, 0, screenWidth, screenHeight);
switch (type) {
case WXSTransitionAnimationTypeSpreadFromRight:
rect0 = CGRectMake(0, 0, 2, screenHeight);
break;
case WXSTransitionAnimationTypeSpreadFromLeft:
rect0 = CGRectMake(screenWidth-2, 0, 2, screenHeight);
break;
case WXSTransitionAnimationTypeSpreadFromTop:
rect0 = CGRectMake(0, screenHeight - 2 , screenWidth, 2);
break;
default:
rect0 = CGRectMake(0, 0, screenWidth, 2);
break;
}
UIBezierPath *startPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithRect:rect0];
UIBezierPath *endPath =[UIBezierPath bezierPathWithRect:rect1];
CAShapeLayer *maskLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
tempView.layer.mask = maskLayer;
maskLayer.path = endPath.CGPath;
CABasicAnimation *animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"path"];
animation.delegate = self;
animation.fromValue = (__bridge id)(startPath.CGPath);
animation.toValue = (__bridge id)((endPath.CGPath));
animation.duration = self.animationTime;
animation.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut];
[maskLayer addAnimation:animation forKey:@"BackPath"];
__weak UIViewController * weakToVC = toVC;
self.willEndInteractiveBlock = ^(BOOL success) {
if (success) {
maskLayer.path = endPath.CGPath;
}else{
maskLayer.path = startPath.CGPath;
}
};
self.completionBlock = ^(){
[tempView removeFromSuperview];
if ([transitionContext transitionWasCancelled]) {
[transitionContext completeTransition:NO];
}else{
[transitionContext completeTransition:YES];
weakToVC.view.hidden = NO;
}
};
}
- (void)pointSpreadNextWithContext:(id<UIViewControllerContextTransitioning>)transitionContext{
UIViewController *fromVC = [transitionContext viewControllerForKey:UITransitionContextFromViewControllerKey];
UIViewController *toVC = [transitionContext viewControllerForKey:UITransitionContextToViewControllerKey];
UIView *tempView = [toVC.view snapshotViewAfterScreenUpdates:YES];
UIView *containerView = [transitionContext containerView];
[containerView addSubview:toVC.view];
[containerView addSubview:fromVC.view];
[containerView addSubview:tempView];
CGFloat screenWidth = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width;
CGFloat screenHeight = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.height;
CGRect rect = CGRectMake(containerView.center.x - 1, containerView.center.y - 1, 2, 2);
if (self.startView) {
CGPoint tempCenter = [self.startView convertPoint:self.startView.center toView:containerView];
rect = CGRectMake(tempCenter.x - 1, tempCenter.y - 1, 2, 2);
}
UIBezierPath *startPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithOvalInRect:rect];
UIBezierPath *endPath = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:containerView.center radius:sqrt(screenHeight * screenHeight + screenWidth * screenWidth) startAngle:0 endAngle:M_PI*2 clockwise:YES];
CAShapeLayer *maskLayer = [CAShapeLayer layer];
maskLayer.path = endPath.CGPath;
tempView.layer.mask = maskLayer;
CABasicAnimation *animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"path"];
animation.delegate = self;
animation.fromValue = (__bridge id)(startPath.CGPath);
animation.toValue = (__bridge id)((endPath.CGPath));
animation.duration = self.animationTime;
animation.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut];
[maskLayer addAnimation:animation forKey:@"PointNextPath"];
self.completionBlock = ^(){
if ([transitionContext transitionWasCancelled]) {
[transitionContext completeTransition:NO];
[tempView removeFromSuperview];
}else{
[transitionContext completeTransition:YES];
toVC.view.hidden = NO;
[tempView removeFromSuperview];
}
};
}
- (void)pointSpreadBackWithContext:(id<UIViewControllerContextTransitioning>)transitionContext{
UIViewController *fromVC = [transitionContext viewControllerForKey:UITransitionContextFromViewControllerKey];
UIViewController *toVC = [transitionContext viewControllerForKey:UITransitionContextToViewControllerKey];
UIView *containerView = [transitionContext containerView];
UIView *tempView = [fromVC.view snapshotViewAfterScreenUpdates:NO]; //YES
[containerView addSubview:toVC.view];
[containerView addSubview:tempView];
CGFloat screenWidth = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width;
CGFloat screenHeight = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.height;
CGRect rect = CGRectMake(containerView.center.x-1, containerView.center.y-1, 2, 2);
if (self.startView) {
CGPoint tempCenter = [self.startView convertPoint:self.startView.center toView:containerView];
rect = CGRectMake(tempCenter.x - 1, tempCenter.y - 1, 2, 2);
}
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Albert Szenczi Molnár (30 August 1574 – 17 January 1634) was a Hungarian Calvinist pastor, linguist, philosopher, poet, religious writer and translator.
Although he lived the largest part of his life abroad (Wittenberg, Strassburg, Heidelberg, Altdorf, Marburg and Oppenheim) and the majority of his work was born there, Albert Szenczi Molnár contributed his work to the benefit of his country. Quoting his friends he wrote in one of his letters:
His pioneering Latin-Hungarian dictionaries (Dictionarium Latinovngaricvm and Dictionarivm Vngarico-Latinvm, both 1604), were, with several revisions, still in use until the first half of the 19th century. He defined much literary and scientific terminology in the Hungarian language for the first time. His Hungarian grammar in Latin was used as a guidebook until the 18th century, through which – apart from its significance in the history of science – his work greatly contributed to the unification of Hungarian language and spelling. His Psalm translations, the revised editions of the Vizsoly Bible, John Calvin's Institutes of the Christian Religion and the Heidelberg Catechism all represent living heritage. He had an outstanding influence on Hungarian literature and poetry.
Career
His great-grandfather came from Székely Land and fought in the siege of Naples as a soldier of Matthias Corvinus. After the siege he settled in Pozsony County. He named his son according to his occupation as Molitoris, so Molnár. This was the name also of his grandson, who was the father of Albert Szenczi Molnár and lived in the market town of Szenc (today: Senec, Slovakia) and worked as a mason miller. At the time of Albert's birth his father was quite rich but soon he became poor. After his death in 1603 his family lived in extreme poverty.
Albert Molnár began his studies in his hometown on 7 September 1584. After the death of his mother in 1585 he was studying in Győr for five months, for one and a half years starting from 1857 in Gönc, and finally from 1588 until the summer of 1590 in Debrecen. In Gönc as the company of Gáspár Károli he was present at the translation and printing of the Vizsoly Bible. In Debrecen István Csorba was his teacher.
In 1590 at first he was a preceptor in Kassa (today: Košice, Slovakia), and then on 1 November he went on a field trip abroad. First of all he visited the birthplace of reformation, Wittenberg. In the summer of 1591 he studied in Dresden in the Holy Cross high school (Gymnasium zum Heiligen Kreuz), in autumn again in Wittenberg, and finally in Heidelberg in 1592. On 1 May he travelled to Strasbourg, where he was accepted to the Collegium Wilhelmiticum as an alumnus. In the summer of 1596 he visited Geneva, where he met the elderly Theodore Beza. When returning to Strasbourg he continued his studies, but in the same year due to his Calvinism, he was banished from that Lutheran town. He returned to Germany only after a long journey in Switzerland and Italy. On 4 December 1596 he was accepted to the Casimirianum at Heidelberg as a student of theology. On 22 January 1597 he matriculated to university, where he studied until 1599.
At the end of October 1599, after nine years of wandering abroad he returned home to obtain patrons among the Protestant nobility. He stayed in Szenc until 1600, and traveled all around Upper Hungary. In March 1600 he went back to Germany, and turned up in several cities (Altdorf, Heidelberg, Speyer, and Frankfurt). Since 23 November he studied in Herborn (Hesse). He got his certificate from Johannes Piscator on 19 July 1601 who wanted him to be a teacher of the institution, but it was not possible. In 1601 he worked as a proofreader for Johannes Saur's publishing house, and in 1602 as a tutor in Amberg. On 23 January he enrolled to the University of Altdorf and started writing his Latin-Hungarian dictionary. He gave the first part of the dictionary to Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor, and when the book was published he traveled to Prague to show it to the monarch personally. Here he received respectable honor and was welcomed by many people, including Johannes Kepler. The emperor's advisers wanted him to convert to the Roman Catholic religion, so they sent him to University of Vienna with 50 Forints reimbursing his traveling expenses. When Stephen Bocskay's War of Independence broke out he returned to the Holy-Roman Empire.
In Germany he was patronized by two Protestant monarchs, Elector Palatine Frederick IV and Maurice, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel. In 1606 in Heidelberg Frederick ordered an alimentation for him at the teachers’ desk, and from 1607 to 1611 was given bed and board by Maurice at his own expense in Marburg. Szenczi wrote his Hungarian grammar (1604) for Maurice who spoke Hungarian and was highly educated, and published it again in 1611 extended with a Greek glossary. His psalm translations also appeared in this period, as well as the Heidelberg Catechism (1607), and the Hanau Bible (1608), which is the revised version of the Vizsoly Bible. On 8 October 1611 he married Kunigunda von Ferinar from Luther’s family who was the ex-wife of a teacher called Conrad Vietor. They had 2 sons and 4 daughters (1612, John Albert, 1614: Elizabeth, 1617 Mary Magdalene, 1618, Paul, 1620: Elizabeth Kunigunda, 1623: Mary Elizabeth). Probably in 1611–12 he worked as a proofreader in Oppenheim. In 1612 a week after of his son's baptism he left to Hungary, where he attended the synod of Köveskút.
For a while he worked as a printing supervisor in his wife's birthplace in Oppenheim. Then in 1613 he moved to Hungary with his family, where he worked as a pastor, at first in Városszalónak and then in Rohonc. Since he did not manage to establish a printer's workshop there, he made himself invited who appointed him as a professor of the college in Gyulafehérvár (today: Alba Iulia, Romania), but because of his family he moved back to Germany. According to art historian Samu Benkő it is conceivable that Szenczi performed a diplomatic mission for Gabriel Bethlen: the monarch wanted to get in touch with the Protestant Union that way. Szenczi was appointed as a cantor of the church of Saint Sebastian in October 1615, as well as a teacher of the school, then in 1617 its rector by the son of his old patron Frederick V, Elector Palatine. By his administrative job he continued his work with the Hungarian Calvinistic literature.
Due to the Thirty Years’ War he lost his home, and moved to the royal court in Heidelberg. The city was ravaged by Count Tilly’s soldiers after the Battle of White Mountain; Szenczi was also pillaged and tortured, so he decided to migrate to Hanau. Here he published the translated edition of the Institutes of the Christian Religion commissioned by Gabriel Bethlen. After a trip to Netherlands he got an invitation from Bethlen again in 1624, so he finally returned home. Since 1625 he lived in Kassa and since 1629 in Kolozsvár (today: Cluj-Napoca, Romania). During his subsequent stay in Hungary he lived in poverty and was later completely forgotten. The new monarch George I Rákóczi did not support him effectively. In January 1634 he died of plague. A Latin poem by Johann Heinrich Bisterfeld is engraved on his tombstone.
References
Bibliography
Benkő, Samu: "Barátságos emberség tündöklése." In Szenci Molnár Albert: Napló és más írások. (ed. Benkő, Samu). Bucharest, Kriterion, 1984. pp. 5–71.
C. Vladár, Zsuzsa: "Pereszlényi Pál nyelvtanának terminusairól." Magyar Nyelv, Vol. XCVII, Issue 4. (Dec. 2001) pp. 467–479.
C. Vladár, Zsuzsa: "Hány eset van a magyarban?: Egy XVII. századi kritériumrendszer." Magyar Nyelv, Vol. CV, Issue 3. (Sept. 2009) pp. 281–290.
Dézsi, Lajos: Szenczi Molnár Albert: 1574–1633. Budapest, Magyar Történelmi Társulat, 1897.
Giebermann, Gerriet: Albert Molnár (1574–1634), ungarischer reformierter Theologe und Wandergelehrter, 1615–1619 Kantor und Rektor in Oppenheim. [Oppenheim]: Oppenheimer Geschichtsverein, 2005. pp. 2–100. = Oppenheimer Hefte, 30/31.
Herepei, János: "Szenczi Molnár Albert halála ideje." Erdélyi Múzeum, Vol. XXXVIII, 1933. Issue 10–12. pp. 464–468.
Nagy, Géza: A református egyház története 1608–1715. Vol. I. Máriabesnyő–Gödöllő, Attraktor, 2008. = Historia Incognita, 22.
Petrőczi, Éva: "Szenczi Molnár Albert és a Biblia – Szenczi Molnár Albert bibliái." In Petrőczi, Éva: Puritánia: Tanulmányok a magyar és angol puritanizmus történetéből. Budapest, Universitas, 2006. pp. 52–59.
P. Vásárhelyi, Judit: Szenczi Molnár Albert és a Vizsolyi Biblia új kiadásai. Budapest: Universitas. 2006. = Historia Litteraria, 21.
Szathmári, István: "Mennyiben szolgálták Szenczi Molnár Albert szótárai a magyar irodalmi nyelv (sztenderd) létrejöttét?" Magyar Nyelvőr, Vol. CXXXI, Issue 2, 2007. pp. 163–172.
Szathmári, István: "Szenczi Molnár Albert zsoltárai és a magyar irodalmi nyelv." Magyar Nyelv, Vol. CIII. Issue 4. (Dec. 2007) pp. 399–407.
Szenczi Molnár, Albert: Napló és más írások. (ed. Benkő, Samu). Bucharest, Kriterion, 1984.
Zoványi, Jenő: Magyarországi protestáns egyháztörténeti lexikon. Ed. Ladányi, Sándor. 3rd edition. Budapest, Magyarországi Református Egyház Zsinati Irodája, 1977.
1574 births
1634 deaths
People from Senec, Slovakia
Hungarian translators
Translators of the Bible into Hungarian
Linguists from Hungary
Hungarian Calvinist and Reformed Christians
16th-century Hungarian people
17th-century Hungarian people |
The Association for Business Psychology is the professional representative, deliberative and regulatory institution for business psychologists. It has global members but the majority can be found in the United Kingdom and Ireland. The ABP certifies business psychologists at multiple levels; Certified Business Psychologist, Certified Principal Business Psychologist and Fellow of the Association for Business Psychology. It holds annual conferences, approves university courses in the field, negotiates on behalf of the profession, and makes training and other information available both to members and to others.
History
The Association was set up in 2000 by members of the Division of Occupational Psychology of the British Psychological Society who felt that the Society was too academic in its approach and insufficiently attuned to the practical and fast-moving needs of their organisational clients. The first chair was Dr Brian Baxter.
The Association was renamed the Association for Business Psychology following a membership vote in December 2013. The organisation is currently seeking a new Chair/CEO. The Association's purpose is to "champion business psychology."
Definition
Business Psychology is the study and practice of improving working life. It combines an understanding of the science of human behaviour with experience of the world of work to attain effective and sustainable performance for both individuals and organisations.
Business or Organisational Psychologists are professionals who apply principles and techniques from psychology to the world of work and business. We study things like peoples personality traits and utilise evidence of workplace behaviours to understand how they impact the overall performance of an organisation. We are involved in tasks such as mentoring leadership, selecting and assessing employees, designing and implementing training and development programs, improving organizational communication and culture, and facilitating organisational change.
Business Psychology in Practice
Examples of how business psychology is applied can be found in a collection of case studies, published by Wiley .
A second book, Business Psychology in Action, was released in Paperback on 2 Dec. 2015. ()
Further examples are published regularly on the ABP website at http://www.theabp.org.uk/news.aspx. Many additional case studies have been collected by the ABP from submissions to their annual Workforce Experience Awards programme, which are released from time to time.
References
Founder Members:
Dr Barbara Lond
External links
ABP website
ABP LinkedIn page
Psychology organisations based in the United Kingdom |
Harald Henningsen Astrup (; 12 May 1831 – 1914) was a Norwegian businessman, wholesaler, and city official.
Biography
Astrup was born at Larvik in Vestfold to Henning Martin Astrup (1788–1845) and his wife Maren Dorthea Lorbauer (1791–1885).
Astrup later settled in Christiania (now Oslo) where he received a trade education with merchant H. F. Løkke. In 1857 he established the firm of Astrup & Smith (now Astrup AS) together with Carl Dührendahl Smith (1834–66), who was the wife's brother. The firm initially manufactured clothing. In 1865, the firm moved into the wholesale business. By 1868, the business concentrated on supplies for the shipbuilding industry later to be expanded to supplying steam ships and railway. In 1906 his son Sigurd Astrup joined the firm as co-owner and became sole owner in 1914.
From 1874 to 1877 he served as Christiania city councilman (stadshauptmann) with responsibility for the city's civilian defense. Astrup was decorated Knight of the Swedish Order of Vasa.
Personal life
In 1861, he married Emilie Johanne Smith (1836–1915). Their daughter Hanna (1869–1933) was married to politician Peter Andreas Morell. They were also the parents of architects Henning Astrup (1864–1896) and Thorvald Astrup (1876–1940), Arctic explorer Eivind Astrup (1871–1895) and member of Parliament Sigurd Astrup (1873–1949). Astrup was the paternal grandfather of Harald Astrup (born 1903), likewise a businessman.
References
External links
Astrup AS website
1831 births
1914 deaths
People from Larvik
Norwegian merchants
Norwegian company founders
19th-century Norwegian businesspeople
Recipients of the Order of Vasa
Burials at the Cemetery of Our Saviour |
Agonidium explanatum is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Platyninae. It was described by Henry Walter Bates in 1889.
References
explanatum
Beetles described in 1889 |
Woodlands is a part of the District of North Vancouver in British Columbia, Canada. It was first settled after the Second Boer War. The community is located at the foot of Mount Seymour on Indian Arm, itself a branch of Burrard Inlet, which forms Vancouver's harbour. It is about from Downtown Vancouver.
Education
Woodlands is served by four community schools in nearby Deep Cove, Cove Cliff Elementary, Dorothy Lynas Elementary, Sherwood Park Elementary, and Seycove Secondary School. Students participating in French immersion programs attend Dorothy Lynas Elementary School and Windsor Secondary School.
See also
List of communities in British Columbia
References
North Vancouver (district municipality) |
The 386 Generation () is the generation of South Koreans born in the 1960s who were very active politically as young adults, and instrumental in the democracy movement of the 1980s. The 386 Generation takes a critical view of the United States and a sympathetic view of North Korea.
The Hankyoreh, a South Korean left-liberal newspaper, reported that right-wing conservatives in Japan perceive the 386 generation as being "anti-Japanese".
Etymology
The term was coined in the early 1990s, in reference to what was then the latest computer model, Intel's 386, and referring to people then in their 30s, having attended university in the 1980s, and born in the 1960s.
History
This was the first generation of South Koreans to grow up free from the poverty that had marked South Korea in the recent past. The broad political mood of the generation was far more left-leaning than that of their parents, or their eventual children. They played a pivotal role in the democratic protests which forced President Chun Doo-hwan to claim democratic elections in 1987, marking the transition from military dictatorship (Third and Fifth republic) to democracy.
Members of the 386 generation now comprise much of the elite of South Korean society. Kim Dae-jung benefitted from widespread 386er support, but it is the election of Roh Moo-hyun who was the strongest demonstration of the more left-leaning politics of the generation. Not all 386 generations are upper class or left-liberal, but some 386 generations are described as "liberal elite" or "progressive elite".
See also
Neoliberalism
Gangnam leftist
Democratic Party of Korea
People Party (South Korea)
Justice Party (South Korea)
Angry young man (South Korea)
June Struggle
Undongkwon
References
Cultural generations
Demographics of South Korea
Liberalism in South Korea
South Korean democracy movements
Korean nationalism
History of South Korea
Political terminology in South Korea
Fifth Republic of Korea |
Zenos Cars is a British automotive company that produces high-performance, light-weight sports cars. Based in Wymondham, Norfolk, UK, the company designs, manufactures, and sells three variants of the Zenos E10 car. In January 2017, Zenos went into administration with staff made redundant but the assets were purchased by a consortium in March 2017.
Background
The company was founded in Norfolk in 2012. The founders, Ansar Ali and Mark Edwards, had worked together before at Lotus Cars and later at Caterham Cars.
Edwards and Ali believed there was a gap in the market for lightweight, contemporary high-performance sports cars that were affordable to purchase and to run. Before the company’s first product line, the E10 series, was designed, the founders agreed on a price point that would be attractive to potential customers, and determined if a clean-sheet design could be produced and sold at such a level.
The development phase of Zenos’s first series of models included driving days with deposit-holders and potential customers, with the aim of ensuring that drivers and passengers would be both comfortably accommodated and fully engaged.
Matt Windle, Operations Director, joined the company in October 2015, bringing production expertise gained during a seven-year spell as Principal Engineer at Tesla, as well as through his role as Chief Engineer, Body at Caterham Technology and Innovation (CTI), and positions at Lotus Cars, Nissan, Volvo and Daewoo. Chris Weston, Head of Development, played a key role in engineering the car and readying it for production.
On 16 January 2017, following a string of cancelled export orders, Zenos was placed into administration. Begbies Traynor (London) LLP, the administrators, stated they are open to speaking with parties interested in securing the future of the company, and in March 2017 a consortium led by Alan Lubinsky's AC Cars acquired the company and assets.
Name
The name Zenos is said to be a combination of ‘zen’, representing purity, and ‘os’, which is loosely Latin for 'vertebra' or spine – reflecting one of the key architectural elements of the company’s products.
Partners
Zenos Cars has used a number of partners in the design and development of its products. They include: Drive – exterior and interior design; Multimatic Technical Centre Europe (MTCE) – chassis design; Ford and Hendy Power – powertrain package supply; Specialist Control Systems – ECU development; Avon Tyres; Alcon Components – brakes and clutches; OZ Racing – wheels; Titan Motorsport – design and production of key components; Bilstein – shock absorbers; and Tillett Racing Seats. Zenos Cars has also received support from the Niche Vehicle Network, and from the New Anglia Local Enterprise Partnership through the Growing Business Fund.
Factory and production
Zenos Cars are hand-produced in the company’s factory in Wymondham, Norfolk, UK. Production of the Zenos E10 and E10 S began in January 2015. The Zenos E10 R was announced in November 2015, with production starting in January 2016. In September 2016, the company announced that it had built its 100th vehicle, which was an E10 R finished in custom Soul Red colour.
Following the reorganisation of the company in 2017, production ceased in the UK and is planned to move to South Africa and the engineering centre remaining in Norfolk.
Sales and network
Zenos sports cars are currently sold in the UK, USA, France, The Netherlands, Belgium, Japan, China, Hong Kong, Switzerland, and Italy. Non-UK markets account for 50% of Zenos production.
Models
Zenos produced the E10 between 2015 and 2016.
See also
List of car manufacturers of the United Kingdom
References
External links
Car manufacturers of the United Kingdom
Privately held companies of the United Kingdom
Sports car manufacturers
Companies based in Norfolk |
The 2006 V8 Supercar season was the 47th year of touring car racing in Australia since the first runnings of the Australian Touring Car Championship and the fore-runner of the present day Bathurst 1000, the Armstrong 500.
There were 21 V8 Supercar meetings held during 2006; a thirteen-round series for V8 Supercars, the 2006 V8 Supercar Championship Series (VCS), two of them endurance races; a seven-round second tier V8 Supercar series 2006 Fujitsu V8 Supercar Series (FVS) and a V8 Supercar support programme event at the 2006 Australian Grand Prix.
This was the last season of V8 Supercars broadcast by Network Ten and Fox Sports; at the conclusion of 2006 the broadcasting rights were handed over to the Seven Network from 2007 to 2014. However, since 2015 Network Ten and Fox Sports are still permitted to revive their V8 Supercars rights with Ten shows seven events live plus highlights and Fox Sports shows every practice, qualifying and race live.
Season review
Rick Kelly won the championship. It came down to the last race, where Rick Kelly narrowly beat Craig Lowndes for the championship.
Results and standings
Race calendar
The 2006 V8 Supercar season consisted of 21 events.
Panasonic V8 Supercars GP 100
This meeting was a support event of the 2006 Australian Grand Prix.
Fujitsu V8 Supercar Series
V8 Supercar Championship Series
References
Additional references can be found in linked event/series reports.
External links
Official V8 Supercar site
2006 Racing Results Archive
Supercar seasons |
Gibberula goodallae is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Cystiscidae. It is named after British primatologist Jane Goodall.
Description
The length of the shell attains 1.92 mm.
Distribution
This marine species occurs off Guadeloupe.
References
goodallae
Gastropods described in 2015 |
Stony Island is an island in the eastern end of Lake Ontario. It is located in Jefferson County, New York. The island covers .
Originally, the island was covered by a large cedar trees. It was cleared for farming in the 19th century but is now largely wooded again. Most of its land area is currently owned or leased by the Phillips 66 Company (formerly Phillips Petroleum Company).
References
Islands of Jefferson County, New York
Islands of Lake Ontario in New York (state) |
Sant Boi de Llobregat () is a city in the Province of Barcelona in Catalonia, Spain, located on the banks of the Llobregat river. In 2019 it had 83,605 inhabitants.
The city is divided into six neighborhoods (named barris in Catalan): Ciutat Cooperativa-Molí Nou, Marianao-Can Paulet, Barri Centre, Vinyets-Molí Vell, Camps Blancs-Canons-Orioles, and Casablanca.
It is bordered on the north by the towns of Santa Coloma de Cervelló and Sant Joan Despí and the village of Sant Climent de Llobregat; on the east by the town of Cornellà de Llobregat; on the west by Viladecans; and on the south by El Prat de Llobregat and the Mediterranean Sea (via a narrow southward salient).
Economy
Although the main business activity is trading, which is centered around the service sector, Sant Boi is also known for industrial activities, especially metallurgy.
Agriculturally, its mild climate and fertile waterlogged lands, located at the mouth of the Llobregat river, produce a wide variety of vegetables, including the famous Llobregat Delta artichokes. The region offers three different artichoke varieties: white artichoke from Tudela, camús from Bretagne (considered to be the largest variety) and artichoke from Benicarló. Production is concentrated mostly in March, but products can be found in local markets throughout the year.
Politics
The mayor of the town is Lluïsa Moret Sabidó (Socialists' Party of Catalonia, PSC), and the political composition of the city council seats is as follows:
Socialists' Party of Catalonia: 10
Initiative for Catalonia Greens: 4
Citizens – Party of the Citizenry: 3
Republican Left of Catalonia: 3
Gent de Sant Boi: 2
People's Party: 2
Convergence and Union: 1
History
The finding of archaeological remains corresponding to Iberian colonies (VI-I bC) and to the Romans (I-V aC)―a noteworthy Roman bath is located near the river―suggests that Sant Boi was created in pre-Roman times.
As with most of the surrounding lands, from the 8th to the 11th century the town was controlled by the Moors, until their expulsion from Iberia during the Reconquista. The Moors called it Alcalá, which means "castle", due to the existence of a hillock from where the river and the valley were dominated. The town's current name is derived from the name of Saint Baudilus, known as Boi or Baldiri in Catalonia.
During the Middle Ages, the village progressively grew, expanding from the castle's surroundings to adjacent zones. A baroque-style church was built during the 16th century. The growth continued in the following centuries, giving rise to numerous "masies" (typical Catalan agricultural country houses) near the river and fertile lands. By the end of the 19th century, Sant Boi was a village of nearly 5,000 inhabitants, with an economy driven mainly by agriculture.
In the early stages of the 20th century, industry arrived and subsequently flourished in Sant Boi, ranging from brick manufacturing to metalwork. With the end of the Spanish Civil War in 1939, there was a massive influx of immigrants from many different parts of Spain. These new arrivals consisted mostly of people from villages and small towns. They were searching for jobs and career opportunities in the city of Barcelona since it was stimulated by the regrowth of Catalan industry in post-war Spain.
The population rose from 10,000 people in 1940 to 65,000 in 1975. This period is characterized by the construction of complete quarters (Casablanca, Camps Blancs, and Cooperativa) for the housing of immigrants. Sant Boi is now a town with more than 80,000 inhabitants, with well-established industrial and service sectors, and good cultural and recreational offerings.
Demography
was
Notable places
Sant Baldiri's Church
Roman Bathhouses
Sant Ramon Hermitage
Sport
The town has a rugby union club (UE Santboiana), and a football club (FC Santboià).
Prominent people from Sant Boi
Sergio Aguza – footballer
Carlos Casquero – former footballer
Pau Gasol – NBA player (San Antonio Spurs)
Marc Gasol – NBA player (Toronto Raptors)
Both Gasol brothers were actually born in Barcelona, at the hospital where their parents worked. The family moved from another Barcelona suburb, Cornellà, to Sant Boi when Pau was 6 years old and Marc was a year old.
Oriol Ripol – professional rugby player
Manel Esteller – scientist
See also
References
Panareda Clopés, Josep Maria; Rios Calvet, Jaume; Rabella Vives, Josep Maria (1989). Guia de Catalunya, Barcelona: Caixa de Catalunya. (Spanish). (Catalan).
External links
Artistic and historical buildings in Sant Boi de Llobregat (in Catalan)
Sant Boi's City Council's Site
Sant Boi's City Council's official statistic site in Catalan
Government data pages |
The Circus is an extended play by American rapper Mick Jenkins. It was released on January 10, 2020 via Free Nation/Cinematic Music Group. Composed of seven tracks, production was handled by eleven record producers, including Black Milk and Hit-Boy. It features a guest appearance from Atlanta-based hip hop duo EarthGang.
Singles and promotion
On January 3, 2020, "Carefree" produced by Black Milk was released, supported by a music video, as he announced the EP.
Critical reception
The Circus received generally positive reviews from critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream publications, the album received an average score of 78, based on 5 reviews.
Track listing
References
2020 EPs
Albums produced by Hit-Boy
Mick Jenkins (rapper) albums
Albums produced by Beat Butcha
Albums produced by Black Milk |
Perth & District Collegiate Institute (PDCI), or more commonly referred to as "PD", is the oldest secondary school in the town of Perth, Ontario. It is part of the Upper Canada District School Board. PDCI was previously known as Perth Collegiate Institute (PCI), Perth High School, and Perth Grammar School. It is located at 13 Victoria Street, Perth, Ontario, K7H 2H3.
The school facilities include a science lab, art room, drama room, music room, gymnasium, football field, running track, auto shop, wood shop, weight room, fitness centre, cafeteria, auditorium, library, smartboard equipped classrooms, computer labs and a multimedia centre.
History
In 1875 (prior to its raising), the school board faced much opposition from the public about the cost of the new school ($16,000.00), and that it would be far cheaper to build a new addition onto the public school. The school board trustees continued to advocate for the building, and after a brief time, they made it happen.
Perth High School opened in 1876. Initially there were three teachers who taught English, History, the Classics and Modern Languages. The first principal, Mr. F.L. Mitchell, M.A. taught mathematics and science. Enrollment that first year varied between 150 and 175. In 1886, a football field was built at the back of the school by the senior Form IV under the direction of William Rathwell, the principal. One year later in 1887, a separate wooden gymnasium was built. This was the first gymnasium and contained the basic apparatus. A larger gymnasium and two well equipped science rooms were added in 1915. In 1921 a Commercial Department with a class of 18 was established. A new wing was complete in 1925 which provided greater laboratory space and four new classrooms. The cost ran around $32,000.00. The enrollment at this time was approximately 300. In 1928 a special one-year secretarial business course was offered.
During WWII, many students who lived beyond a reasonable walking distance couldn't attend school unless their families could afford logging during the week. This was due to no bussing from Perth to rural Lanark County.
Since then two considerably larger additions have been built. The first of these in 1959 (at a cost of $700.00), adding sixteen classrooms and a contemporary gymnasium, a cafeteria, kitchen, a large 662-seat auditorium, projection room and a foyer. The school became a district high school serving an area of a thirty-mile radius. It was then that Perth Collegiate Institute became Perth & District Collegiate Institute.
In 1967 the Tech Wing and Commercial Department were added (named the "Centennial Wing"). In 1972, the resource centre was built. The original building was also completely demolished, and the Home Economics, Music, Art and Theatre Arts rooms were added. In 1976, the enrollment of PDCI was 1,143 students and there were eighty courses offered, covering five levels of instruction.
In 1977, PDCI competed on Reach for the Top (a CBC academic quiz show), and won against Smiths Falls 235–130. They then competed against Brockville to go to the St. Lawrence finals, but lost 285–175.
In 2008, the school auditorium was named "Carolee & Geoff Mason Auditorium", in honour of Carolee's 27 years as PDCI's drama teacher, as well as her husband Geoff's contributions to theatre over the years.
In Summer 2014, 10 classrooms on the second floor were designated for Grade 7/8 students who would be joining the school that Fall, and Gym 3 was also retrofitted for them as well. The main office (which was on the second floor) was relocated to a portion of the library area on the first floor, and half the space would remain the library/learning commons. In Summer 2015, an elevator was installed, helping the school meet more of the accessibility standards, and the new main entrance was made more noticeable.
In Summer 2017, all the exterior doors and windows were replaced, as well as the front steps/wheelchair ramp, and new signage for the two main entrances. The parking lot was also resurfaced, along with some indoor updates to the floors, ceilings, and paint.
Athletics
PDCI has a rich sports history, dating back to the schools' infancy. Some of the sports included Basketball, Hockey, Rugby/Football, and Track. Currently, PDCI offers many sports. Some include (but are not limited to) Football, Basketball, Soccer, Volleyball, Track & Field, Badminton, Snowboarding, Golf, Tennis, and Cross-Country.
Mascot and Team Name
PDCI's sports teams are known as the "Blue Devils", and have been since the 1950s. Previously, they were briefly known as the "Black Hawks" in the 1930s, and also simply as "PCI Athletics". Their current mascot is Dev Blue, a blue devil.
Colours
PDCI's school colours are blue and white, and sometimes accented with black.
Reunion
In 2016 (coinciding with the town of Perth's bi-centennial celebrations), PDCI held a school reunion (dubbed "Raisin' the Devil"), commemorating 140 years of education. PDCI has held two other reunions previously, in 1989 and 2000.
Announced in 2015, former student and alum Vivian Monroe (Class of 1959) decided that rather than just having her yearly get-together with around thirty classmates from her graduating year, she would plan an event that included all PDCI alumni. As part of the celebration, tours of the school were available on Saturday (July 23) and a display of memorabilia and yearbooks was put together.
Specialist High Skills Major (SHSM)
PDCI currently has seven Specialist High Skills Major (SHSM) programs which are in the following economic sectors: Arts & Culture, Business, Non-Profit, Sports, Transportation Technology, Horticulture and Landscaping and Information and Communications Technology.
PDCI Livestream
PDCI's Media Arts class deals with video productions which follow Blue Devils School Sports and Events through Facebook's live feature, on their designated page. The idea was conceptualized in Fall 2016, but made a reality in Fall 2017 through trial and error. The first broadcast was of a Senior Girls volleyball game between PDCI Blue Devils and SFDCI Redhawks on Thursday, December 14, 2017. Perth won 25–19.
Notable alumni
Politicians
Donald McNaughton, Canadian general
James Joseph McCann, politician
George McIlraith, politician
William Richard Motherwell, politician
Rupert Michell, member of Ernest Shackleton's Antarctic exploration team
Lloyd Warren, university professor
Roy Kellock, Canadian judge
Athletes
Les Douglas, NHL Forward – Detroit Red Wings, winner of one Stanley Cup
Tony Licari, NHL Forward – Detroit Red Wings
Floyd Smith, NHL Forward – Boston Bruins, New York Rangers, Detroit Red Wings, Toronto Maple Leafs, Buffalo Sabres; NHL Coach – Buffalo Sabres, Toronto Maple Leafs; WHA Coach – Cincinnati Stingers, NHL General Manager – Toronto Maple Leafs
Gord Smith, NHL Defenceman – Washington Capitals and Winnipeg Jets
Billy Smith, NHL Goalie – Los Angeles Kings and New York Islanders, winner of four Stanley Cups, Conn Smythe Trophy winner and Member of the Hockey Hall of Fame
Dan Wicklum, CFL Linebacker – Calgary Stampeders and Winnipeg Blue Bombers, winner of one Grey Cup
Mike Brown, 2004 and 2008 Olympic Swimming
Sultana Frizell, 2008 and 2012 Olympic Hammer Throw
Nick Tritton, 2008 and 2012 Olympic Judo
See also
List of high schools in Ontario
References
External links
Perth and District Collegiate Institute
Upper Canada District School Board
High schools in Ontario
High schools in Lanark County |
One Night in Supermarket is a 2009 Chinese comedy film directed and written by Yang Qing, starring Xu Zheng, Li Xiaolu, Qiao Renliang, Yang Qing (not the director), Zhang Jiayi, Zhao Yingjun and Wang Dongfang. The low-budget movie, Yang's directorial debut, was filmed over 29 days in basically one location.
The story begins when a jobless man (Xu) and his doofus cousin (Wang) hold hostage the young employees (Li and Qiao) at a 24-hour supermarket, because the mart owner (Yang) had denied his lottery win. Hilarity ensues when a moronic prankster (Zhao), a myriad of shoppers, the mean owner and an at-large gunman (Zhang) enter the mart one after another.
Plot
Bespectacled nerd Li Junwei (Qiao Renliang) and pretty girl Tang Xiaolian (Li Xiaolu) are manning the night shift at the 24-hour Wang Wang Supermarket when balding lottery addict He Sanshui (Xu Zheng) arrives, demanding to speak to the lady owner Wang Sufen (Yang Qing). Wang, who is not in, made a typo entering the lottery number more than a month ago, which rendered He Sanshui's winning ticket useless. When He Sanshui asked for the ¥9500 win at an earlier occasion, she attacked him and drove him out of her store. This time, He Sanshui returns with a stun gun flashlight and his dimwitted cousin He Damiao a.k.a. Tire (Wang Dongfang), and is determined to get his ¥9500 "back".
At this moment, Li's goofy roommate Zhu Liao (Zhao Yingjun) who wants to record a funny prank video also storms in, wearing a pantyhose on his face and wielding a knife, but is quickly tasered down by He Sanshui. He Sanshui proceeds to the cashier counter and realizes there isn't enough cash in the cash register. He and Tire rope up everyone else in the soundproof back room—which has a complete Karaoke system—and taking their place behind the register begin to run the store, funneling the profits into their own pockets.
The hungry Tire is getting preoccupied with bag after bag of junk food (some of which have expired) and Karaoke singing in the back, so Li—whom He Sanshui calls "Little Steel Teeth" because he wears a dental brace—is brought back out to help with the work. Some time later, Tang's escape attempt, during which she tasers down Tire, is spoiled by Zhu's foolishness and He Sanshui's second stun gun.
Wang suddenly returns to the store from her Mahjong games—obvious having lost all her money—and immediately begins to attack He Sanshui with a bag of weight before Tire tasers her down. However, holding her (and her French Bulldog Wang Wang) hostage does nothing to the business, which has been slow tonight. In an effort to boost sales He Sanshui decides to give 50% discount to all store items, and business quickly perks up after a taxicab chauffeur (Cao Li) helps spread the news to his colleagues. During this time, Tang discovers voyeuristic photos of hers in Li's phone and realizes that Li likes her.
With ¥3.50 to go before their ¥9500 goal (taking into account that Tire has eaten ¥118.10 of food), a Guanzhong dialect-speaking, gun-toting robber (Zhang Jiayi) on the run arrives to retrieve a diamond his partner left in the ice in the store freezer. Unable to find his diamond he takes everyone hostage and is in the middle of having everyone strip, when Yaozi (Ye Qian)—the store's delivery man who has fallen asleep in the warehouse—barges out from the rear. The group tries to subdue the gunman, but fails because He Sanshui's stun gun has run out of battery.
When the diamond is finally discovered during the subsequent search, the dog Wang Wang picks it up and runs outside. This is when the gunman realizes that the police have already surrounded the store: it was Tang who secretly texted a policeman shopper (Li Weijian). The gunman runs back inside, grabs Tang and points his gun to her head. Li saves Tang but is shot by the gunman, who is accidentally electrocuted by a loose wire.
Some time later, the policeman returns to the store and learns that Li—no longer wearing a brace and glasses—and Tang have been dating, while He Sanshui and Wang are honeymooning in Hainan. They watch on TV that Zhu has become a famous actor, and Tire his agent.
Reception
The film was well received by domestic critics. Foreign reviews were likewise mainly positive: Derek Elley of Variety called it a "slickly-made feature debut", and Matthew Lee of Screen Anarchy called it "an impressive debut, a sparkling little comedy that warrants a good deal of acclaim".
Awards
The film won 2 awards at the China Movie Channel Media Awards held during the 2009 Shanghai International Film Festival. Yang Qing won Favourite Screenwriter and Xu Zheng won Favourite Actor.
At the 2009 Locarno International Film Festival in Locarno, Switzerland, it received special mention for the Network for the Promotion of Asian Cinema (NETPAC) Jury Award.
Theme song
The ending theme song "Tonight" was written by Peng Tan and performed by Qiao Renliang. It was included in Qiao's 2009 album Diamond (钻石).
Tire's favourite song is "Liang Zhi Hudie" (两只蝴蝶; "Two Butterflies") by Pang Long. The Jay Chou songs Tire and Zhu Liao sang include "Qian Li Zhi Wai" (千里之外; "A Thousand Li Away") and "Shuang Jie Gun" (双截棍; "Nunchucks").
References
External links
2000s crime comedy films
Chinese crime comedy films
2009 directorial debut films
2009 films
Films directed by Yang Qing
2000s Mandarin-language films
Films shot in Beijing
Films set in China
China Film Group Corporation films
2009 comedy films |
Olmotonyi is a village and an administrative ward in the Arusha District Council located in the Arusha Region of Tanzania. According to the 2012 census, the ward has a total population of 18,560.
References
Wards of Arusha District
Wards of Arusha Region |
```c
/*
*
*/
/* Basic littlefs operations:
* * create
* * write
* * stat
* * read
* * seek
* * tell
* * truncate
* * unlink
* * sync
*/
#include <string.h>
#include <zephyr/ztest.h>
#include "testfs_tests.h"
#include "testfs_lfs.h"
#include <lfs.h>
#include <zephyr/fs/littlefs.h>
static int mount(struct fs_mount_t *mp)
{
TC_PRINT("mounting %s\n", mp->mnt_point);
zassert_equal(fs_mount(mp), 0,
"mount failed");
return TC_PASS;
}
static int clear_partition(struct fs_mount_t *mp)
{
TC_PRINT("clearing partition %s\n", mp->mnt_point);
zassert_equal(testfs_lfs_wipe_partition(mp),
TC_PASS,
"failed to wipe partition");
return TC_PASS;
}
static int clean_statvfs(const struct fs_mount_t *mp)
{
struct fs_statvfs stat;
TC_PRINT("checking clean statvfs of %s\n", mp->mnt_point);
zassert_equal(fs_statvfs(mp->mnt_point, &stat), 0,
"statvfs failed");
TC_PRINT("%s: bsize %lu ; frsize %lu ; blocks %lu ; bfree %lu\n",
mp->mnt_point,
stat.f_bsize, stat.f_frsize, stat.f_blocks, stat.f_bfree);
zassert_equal(stat.f_bsize, 16,
"bsize fail");
zassert_equal(stat.f_frsize, 4096,
"frsize fail");
zassert_equal(stat.f_blocks, 16,
"blocks fail");
zassert_equal(stat.f_bfree, stat.f_blocks - 2U,
"bfree fail");
return TC_PASS;
}
static int check_medium(void)
{
struct fs_mount_t *mp = &testfs_medium_mnt;
struct fs_statvfs stat;
zassert_equal(clear_partition(mp), TC_PASS,
"clear partition failed");
zassert_equal(fs_mount(mp), 0,
"medium mount failed");
zassert_equal(fs_statvfs(mp->mnt_point, &stat), 0,
"statvfs failed");
TC_PRINT("%s: bsize %lu ; frsize %lu ; blocks %lu ; bfree %lu\n",
mp->mnt_point,
stat.f_bsize, stat.f_frsize, stat.f_blocks, stat.f_bfree);
zassert_equal(stat.f_bsize, MEDIUM_IO_SIZE,
"bsize fail");
zassert_equal(stat.f_frsize, 4096,
"frsize fail");
zassert_equal(stat.f_blocks, 240,
"blocks fail");
zassert_equal(stat.f_bfree, stat.f_blocks - 2U,
"bfree fail");
zassert_equal(fs_unmount(mp), 0,
"medium unmount failed");
return TC_PASS;
}
static int check_large(void)
{
struct fs_mount_t *mp = &testfs_large_mnt;
struct fs_statvfs stat;
zassert_equal(clear_partition(mp), TC_PASS,
"clear partition failed");
zassert_equal(fs_mount(mp), 0,
"large mount failed");
zassert_equal(fs_statvfs(mp->mnt_point, &stat), 0,
"statvfs failed");
TC_PRINT("%s: bsize %lu ; frsize %lu ; blocks %lu ; bfree %lu\n",
mp->mnt_point,
stat.f_bsize, stat.f_frsize, stat.f_blocks, stat.f_bfree);
zassert_equal(stat.f_bsize, LARGE_IO_SIZE,
"bsize fail");
zassert_equal(stat.f_frsize, 32768,
"frsize fail");
zassert_equal(stat.f_blocks, 96,
"blocks fail");
zassert_equal(stat.f_bfree, stat.f_blocks - 2U,
"bfree fail");
zassert_equal(fs_unmount(mp), 0,
"large unmount failed");
return TC_PASS;
}
static int num_files(struct fs_mount_t *mp)
{
struct testfs_path path;
char name[2] = { 0 };
const char *pstr;
struct fs_file_t files[CONFIG_FS_LITTLEFS_NUM_FILES];
size_t fi = 0;
int rc;
memset(files, 0, sizeof(files));
TC_PRINT("CONFIG_FS_LITTLEFS_NUM_FILES=%u\n", CONFIG_FS_LITTLEFS_NUM_FILES);
while (fi < ARRAY_SIZE(files)) {
struct fs_file_t *const file = &files[fi];
name[0] = 'A' + fi;
pstr = testfs_path_init(&path, mp,
name,
TESTFS_PATH_END);
TC_PRINT("opening %s\n", pstr);
rc = fs_open(file, pstr, FS_O_CREATE | FS_O_RDWR);
zassert_equal(rc, 0, "open %s failed: %d", pstr, rc);
rc = testfs_write_incrementing(file, 0, TESTFS_BUFFER_SIZE);
zassert_equal(rc, TESTFS_BUFFER_SIZE, "write %s failed: %d", pstr, rc);
++fi;
}
while (fi-- != 0) {
struct fs_file_t *const file = &files[fi];
name[0] = 'A' + fi;
pstr = testfs_path_init(&path, mp,
name,
TESTFS_PATH_END);
TC_PRINT("Close and unlink %s\n", pstr);
rc = fs_close(file);
zassert_equal(rc, 0, "close %s failed: %d", pstr, rc);
rc = fs_unlink(pstr);
zassert_equal(rc, 0, "unlink %s failed: %d", pstr, rc);
}
return TC_PASS;
}
static int num_dirs(struct fs_mount_t *mp)
{
struct testfs_path path;
char name[3] = "Dx";
const char *pstr;
struct fs_dir_t dirs[CONFIG_FS_LITTLEFS_NUM_DIRS];
size_t di = 0;
int rc;
memset(dirs, 0, sizeof(dirs));
TC_PRINT("CONFIG_FS_LITTLEFS_NUM_DIRS=%u\n", CONFIG_FS_LITTLEFS_NUM_DIRS);
while (di < ARRAY_SIZE(dirs)) {
struct fs_dir_t *const dir = &dirs[di];
name[1] = 'A' + di;
pstr = testfs_path_init(&path, mp,
name,
TESTFS_PATH_END);
TC_PRINT("making and opening directory %s\n", pstr);
rc = fs_mkdir(pstr);
zassert_equal(rc, 0, "mkdir %s failed: %d", pstr, rc);
rc = fs_opendir(dir, pstr);
zassert_equal(rc, 0, "opendir %s failed: %d", name, rc);
++di;
}
while (di-- != 0) {
struct fs_dir_t *const dir = &dirs[di];
name[1] = 'A' + di;
pstr = testfs_path_init(&path, mp,
name,
TESTFS_PATH_END);
TC_PRINT("Close and rmdir %s\n", pstr);
rc = fs_closedir(dir);
zassert_equal(rc, 0, "closedir %s failed: %d", name, rc);
rc = fs_unlink(pstr);
zassert_equal(rc, 0, "unlink %s failed: %d", name, rc);
}
return TC_PASS;
}
void test_fs_basic(void);
/* Mount structure needed by test_fs_basic tests. */
struct fs_mount_t *fs_basic_test_mp = &testfs_small_mnt;
ZTEST(littlefs, test_lfs_basic)
{
struct fs_mount_t *mp = &testfs_small_mnt;
zassert_equal(clear_partition(mp), TC_PASS,
"clear partition failed");
/* Common basic tests.
* (File system is mounted and unmounted during that test.)
*/
test_fs_basic();
/* LittleFS specific tests */
zassert_equal(mount(mp), TC_PASS,
"clean mount failed");
zassert_equal(clean_statvfs(mp), TC_PASS,
"clean statvfs failed");
zassert_equal(num_files(mp), TC_PASS,
"num_files failed");
zassert_equal(num_dirs(mp), TC_PASS,
"num_dirs failed");
TC_PRINT("unmounting %s\n", mp->mnt_point);
zassert_equal(fs_unmount(mp), 0,
"unmount small failed");
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_APP_TEST_CUSTOM)) {
zassert_equal(check_medium(), TC_PASS,
"check medium failed");
zassert_equal(check_large(), TC_PASS,
"check large failed");
}
}
``` |
Ahuréi (sometimes called Ahurei, Ha'urei or Ha'uréi, latter two also show how it is pronounced), is the capital of Rapa and the rest of the Bass Islands of French Polynesia. It is located on both sides of the Baie d'Ahuréi.
Ahuréi consists of two suburbs: South Ahuréi, on the south side of the Baie d'Ahuréi, and North Ahuréi, on the north side of the Baie d'Ahuréi.
The town is the southernmost permanently inhabited settlement where French is an official language (not counting settlements with no civilian population).
Climate
The town features a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) that closely borders on a tropical rainforest climate (Köppen Af).
References
Geography of the Austral Islands
Populated places in French Polynesia
Rapa Iti |
```yaml
openapi: "3.0.0"
paths:
/pets:
get:
responses:
'200':
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: "#/components/schemas/V1.Pets"
components:
schemas:
<caret>V1.Pets:
``` |
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<p>Forward declares <code><a class="el" href="group__group-Sequence.html#ga5e84ac3f1eb09c637b6b38ef42dccd8d" title="Partition a sequence based on a predicate.Specifically, returns an unspecified Product whose first el...">boost::hana::partition</a></code>.
<a href="#details">More...</a></p>
<table class="memberdecls">
<tr class="heading"><td colspan="2"><h2 class="groupheader"><a name="namespaces"></a>
Namespaces</h2></td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:namespaceboost_1_1hana"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">  </td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="namespaceboost_1_1hana.html">boost::hana</a></td></tr>
<tr class="memdesc:namespaceboost_1_1hana"><td class="mdescLeft"> </td><td class="mdescRight">Namespace containing everything in the library. <br /></td></tr>
<tr class="separator:"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2"> </td></tr>
</table><table class="memberdecls">
<tr class="heading"><td colspan="2"><h2 class="groupheader"><a name="var-members"></a>
Variables</h2></td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:ga5e84ac3f1eb09c637b6b38ef42dccd8d"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">constexpr auto </td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="group__group-Sequence.html#ga5e84ac3f1eb09c637b6b38ef42dccd8d">boost::hana::partition</a></td></tr>
<tr class="memdesc:ga5e84ac3f1eb09c637b6b38ef42dccd8d"><td class="mdescLeft"> </td><td class="mdescRight">Partition a sequence based on a <code>predicate</code>.Specifically, returns an unspecified <code>Product</code> whose first element is a sequence of the elements satisfying the predicate, and whose second element is a sequence of the elements that do not satisfy the predicate. <a href="group__group-Sequence.html#ga5e84ac3f1eb09c637b6b38ef42dccd8d">More...</a><br /></td></tr>
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<a name="details" id="details"></a><h2 class="groupheader">Detailed Description</h2>
<div class="textblock"><p>Forward declares <code><a class="el" href="group__group-Sequence.html#ga5e84ac3f1eb09c637b6b38ef42dccd8d" title="Partition a sequence based on a predicate.Specifically, returns an unspecified Product whose first el...">boost::hana::partition</a></code>. </p>
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The Loves of Hercules () is a 1960 international co-production film starring Jayne Mansfield and her then husband Mickey Hargitay. The film was distributed internationally as Hercules vs. the Hydra.
Plot
While Hercules (Hargitay) is away, his village is plundered and his wife is killed by the army of Ecalia, a country ruled by King Eurysteus. Licos (Massimo Serato), chief minister to the king, sees an opportunity to seize the throne himself. Licos knows that Hercules will come to Ecalia for vengeance; as the first part of his plan, he murders the king, planning to claim he died in battle to ensure that he does not bring ruin on Ecalia by resisting Hercules. While consulting an oracle, Hercules learns of the murder of his wife from a survivor and seeks vengeance. The newly-crowned Queen Deianira (Mansfield), daughter of the king, offers her life to Hercules in order to spare Ecalia, as Licos anticipated. Hercules offers mercy, but by law, the Queen and Hercules must participate in a rite to appease the goddess of justice. Deianira is bound to a wall as Hercules throws axes toward her, attempting to sever her bonds. He succeeds, proving her innocence to her people. Licos hatches another scheme to wed Deianira and rule through her.
Hercules admires Deianira and her bravery. While escorting Deianira back to her capital, they come across a band of peasants who have been attacked by a monster. As Hercules seeks the monster, their cattle are stampeded and Hercules kills a wild bull with his dagger. Arriving in the city, Hercules discovers Deinaira is betrothed to a man named Achelous, whom Licos has sent to the couple, expecting Achelous to challenge Hercules and be killed, thereby alienating Hercules from Deianira and removing Achelous as a rival for her hand in marriage. The plan nearly succeeds, but Deinaira successfully begs Hercules to stay his hand. Hercules decides to leave Ecalia and Deinaira behind him.
Licos follows through on the plan anyway, ordering Achelous' murder with the dagger Hercules left behind in the bull; he does not expect Hercules to return to defend himself. Licos is foiled again, however, when one of Hercules' companions finds him on the road and informs him that he is accused of the murder; Hercules decides to clear his name. Licos sends the actual murderer, Philoctetes, into hiding beyond the gates of the Underworld. Licos intends for Hercules to follow Philoctetes to prove his innocence, and for both men to be killed by the monstrous Hydra. Believing that his plan is working, Licos attempts to convince Deianira to marry him, but she is hesitant.
Philoctetes is killed by the Hydra. Hercules kills the Hydra, but their battle weakens him into unconsciousness. He's rescued by Amazons loyal to Queen Hippolyta (Tina Gloriana). Hippolyta turns her lovers into living trees after growing tired of them, but Hercules is only interested in Deinaira. Angered that he is interested in Deinaira but determined to make Hercules her lover, Hippolyta's advisor suggests the only way she can gain the attention of Hercules is to change her face and body through magic to resemble Deianira (Mansfield with red hair). Meanwhile, Deianira discovers Licos' scheming and he has her imprisoned. Hercules manages to escape with his life due to the intervention of the Amazon, Nemea (Moira Orfei), at the cost of her own life, while Hippolyta is crushed to death by one of the trees. Hercules is informed of Licos' treachery and returns to Ecalia at the head of an army to overthrow him.
Defeated in battle, Licos tries to escape Ecalia with Deianira as a hostage, but he is strangled to death by the monster, Alcione, who is in turn killed by Hercules as he rescues Deianira.
Main cast
Production notes
This was one of the earlier movies to follow from Italy in the wake of the success of Hercules (1958) starring Steve Reeves, and marked an attempt to add some star power to the notion of a muscleman movie, not so much in the title role as the female lead.
Filmed on location in Italy during the height of the sword and sandal craze, this was not one of Jayne Mansfield's "loan out" films. Mansfield was offered the film while she was shooting The Sheriff of Fractured Jaw in Spain; she agreed on the condition that her husband Mickey Hargitay played Hercules. She received a fee of $75,000 for starring in the movie. Mansfield received permission from her studio 20th Century Fox to film this movie in the early weeks of 1960 whilst she was four months pregnant. A hit in Italy, it was later broadcast as a movie of the week in 1966 on American television and has since gained a cult following.
The scene where Mickey Hargitay wrestles a bull was prepared by treating the animal with tranquilizers first.
On April 14, 2017, the film was featured in the eleventh season of Mystery Science Theater 3000 as episode 1108.
Release
The film was released in Italy on August 19, 1960 with a 97-minute running time.
The film was released in the United States in 1966 with a 98-minute running time.
See also
List of films featuring Hercules
References
Footnotes
Sources
External links
1960 films
1960s fantasy adventure films
Italian fantasy adventure films
Peplum films
CinemaScope films
1960s English-language films
English-language Italian films
English-language French films
1960s Italian-language films
Films about Heracles
Sword and sandal films
1960s multilingual films
Italian multilingual films
French multilingual films
1960s Italian films
Hippolyta |
Radio 24 is an Italian national radio station mainly devoted to news, founded on 4 October 1999. It is owned by the editorial group Gruppo 24 ORE, which also owns the newspaper Il Sole 24 Ore.
External links
Official Site
Radio stations in Italy
Radio stations established in 1999
News and talk radio stations
Mass media in Milan
1999 establishments in Italy |
Vasili Kanidiadis is a Greek-Australian television personality, best known as the host of the Channel 31 and SBS TV and Channel 7Two's gardening show, Vasili's Garden.
Kanidiadis grew up in Coburg in Melbourne's north. He began broadcasting on Greek radio station 3XY for 7 years before moving to Channel 31 He has studied structural engineering, classical piano and horticulture.
He is the owner and operator of Munro Street Nursery in Coburg.
Vasili in Greece, commissioned by the Greek National Tourist Organisation, was screened on Channel 31 in 2008.
References
Australian television personalities
Australian people of Greek descent
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
People from Coburg, Victoria
Television personalities from Melbourne |
The Waltham transmitting station is a broadcasting and telecommunications facility
at Waltham-on-the-Wolds, 5 miles (8 km) north-east of Melton Mowbray. It sits inside the Waltham civil parish near Stonesby, in the district of Melton, Leicestershire, UK. It has a guyed steel tubular mast. The main structure height to the top of the steelwork is 290.8 metres (954 ft), with the UHF television antennas contained within a GRP shroud mounted on top.
Construction
First structure
The first mast was built in 1966. On 16 November 1966, it collapsed. Parts of the wreckage are still in use as pig shelters. It had been built by the British Insulated Cables Construction Company. It was to have begun broadcasts in the summer of 1967.
Second structure
The structure was rebuilt in 1968 by the BBC. This delayed its first transmissions until 31 August 1968 of BBC2 only. It broadcast ITV from February 1970 and BBC1 from August 1970. On 9 April 1970, the whole region lost the signal when an excavator damaged the station's main cable. The mast was one of three similar types built at the same time by the BBC, with Mendip and Bilsdale.
It is a shorter version of the second Emley Moor transmitter which collapsed whilst broadcasting on 19 March 1969, due to the weight of ice on the structural cables. The Waltham mast has four sets of stay levels as opposed to the six of the former Emley mast. The latter was identical to the current 385m high Belmont mast, both built by the ITA.
It is east of the A607 between Grantham and Melton Mowbray.
Coverage
The mast was originally built to provide BBC2 (on the new UHF 625 lines system) to the East Midlands. It became the main mast for ITV's Central East Midlands from 1982 and BBC East Midlands from 1991. Previously it had carried broadcasts from Birmingham. NICAM was transmitted from 31 March 1992.
It is now the main TV transmitter for all digital terrestrial channels covering the East Midlands, predominantly including most of Leicestershire, Rutland, Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire. It can also be received in parts of Norfolk, Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire, Northamptonshire, Warwickshire, Staffordshire, Yorkshire and Lincolnshire. It is owned and operated by Arqiva.
Digital TV
Waltham first broadcast digital TV on 15 November 1998. In July 2007 it was confirmed by Ofcom that at DSO (Digital Switchover) Waltham would be transmitting five - of the six - MUXes within its original C/D group. For reception of all 6 MUXES a wideband is required.
When Waltham undertakes its 700MHz clearance, between February and March 2020, it will become an A group - excluding MUXES 7 and 8 which are due to be switched off before the end of 2022 anyway (see graph).
Relay stations
The two most powerful relays are at Nottingham (just west of the M1 J26) and at Stanton Moor (near Bakewell). The Nottingham relay at Kimberley began on 30 March 1973, following tests from late February 1973
The area immediately to the north west of the latter transmitter is the meeting point between the Winter Hill, Emley Moor, Sutton Coldfield, and Waltham broadcasting regions and this is why just north-west of Bakewell, the filler transmitters are BBC North West. Stanton Moor transmitter feeds the Darley Dale site, which was Britain's 1000th television relay station.
Transmitted services
Analogue radio
Digital radio (DAB)
Digital television
On 4 March 2020, the following channels came into use as a result of the 700MHz clearance programme.
Before 700MHz clearance
Prior to 4 March 2020, the following channels were used.
Before switchover
Analogue television
Analogue television is no longer transmitted from Waltham. BBC Two closed on UHF 64 on 17 August 2011. ITV1 was moved into its frequency at the time and the BBC A multiplex began transmitting on UHF 61. The remaining four analogue channels were switched off on 31 August.
See also
List of tallest structures in the world – 300 to 400 metres
List of tallest structures in the United Kingdom
List of radio stations in the United Kingdom
Notes
References
External links
Info and pictures of Waltham transmitter including historical power/frequency changes and present co-receivable transmitters.
The Transmission Gallery: photographs, coverage maps and information
Waltham Transmitter at thebigtower.com
Waltham at UK Free TV
Relay stations
Ashbourne on Wyaston Road
Ashford-in-the-Water off the A6
Belper on Firestone Hill near Hazelwood
Birchover at Uppertown Farm towards Winster
Bolehill near the National Stone Centre
Darley Dale
Eastwood next to Morrisons
Little Eaton next to the A38
Matlock at High Tor, east of the A6
Nottingham in Strelley, Broxtowe
Parwich towards Tissington
Stamford on Barnack Road next to Stamford High School
Stanton Moor at Stanton in Peak next to the Nine Ladies
Buildings and structures in Leicestershire
Transmitter sites in England
Mass media in the East Midlands
Borough of Melton
1968 establishments in England
1968 in British television
Buildings and structures completed in 1968 |
Noam Bonnet (; born 25 May 2002) is a French professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Israeli Premier League club Hapoel Tel Aviv.
Early life
Bonnet was born in a Jewish family in Paris.
Career
Bonnet started to play football in the Lyon Academy.
On 21 July 2023, he emigrated to Israel and signed for the Israeli Premier League club Hapoel Tel Aviv.
Career statistics
References
External links
2002 births
Living people
French emigrants to Israel
Jewish French sportspeople
Israeli men's footballers
French men's footballers
Jewish men's footballers
Footballers from Paris
Men's association football midfielders
Israeli Premier League players
Hapoel Tel Aviv F.C. players |
The Pseudoxyrhophiidae is a family of elapoid snakes, found mostly in Madagascar. They were formerly placed as a subfamily of the Lamprophiidae, but have been more recently identified as a distinct family.
It contains about 22 genera in two subfamilies:
Amplorhininae Meirte, 1992
Amplorhinus
Ditypophis
Duberria
Pseudoxyrhophiinae Dowling, 1975
Alluaudina
Brygophis
Compsophis
Dromicodryas
Elapotinus
Heteroliodon
Ithycyphus
Langaha
Leioheterodon
Liophidium
Liopholidophis
Lycodryas
Madagascarophis
Micropisthodon
Pararhadinaea
Parastenophis
Phisalixella
Pseudoxyrhopus
Thamnosophis
References
Pseudoxyrhophiidae
Snake families |
Eretmocera medinella is a moth of the family Scythrididae. It was described by Otto Staudinger in 1859. It is found in Spain, Sardinia, Russia and Turkey (Erzurum and Igdir Provinces).
The wingspan is 10–12 mm.
The larvae feed on Suaeda species.
References
medinella
Moths described in 1859 |
The Iñupiaq language has a vigesimal (base-20) numeral system. Numerals are built from a small number of root words and a number of compounding suffixes. The following list are the various numerals of the language, omitting only the higher derivatives ending in the suffix , which subtracts one from the value of the stem. (See Iñupiaq language#Numerals.) They are transcribed both in the vigesimal Kaktovik digits that were designed for Iñupiaq and in the decimal Hindu-Arabic digits. Apart from the subtractive suffix , which has no counterpart in Kaktovik notation, and the idiosyncratic root word 'six', Iñupiaq numerals are closely represented by the Kaktovik digits.
References
Numerals
Inupiat language |
Deh Gowd (, also Romanized as Dehgowd) is a village in Sorkh Qaleh Rural District, in the Central District of Qaleh Ganj County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 137, in 41 families.
References
Populated places in Qaleh Ganj County |
So Chau Yim-ping, BBS, JP (22 October 1927 – 26 January 2018) was a Hong Kong executive and politician who was a member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong and Southern District Board.
So Chau Yim-ping had worked in the printing and paper products industry for more than 30 years and was managing director of several printing companies. She is the vice-chairman of supervisory committee of the Hong Kong Printers Association and the president of the Southern District Industrialists Association and the honorary president of the Hong Kong Federation of Women. She is also the honorary trustee of the Hong Kong Baptist University Foundation.
She was appointed to the Southern District Board from April 1985 until September 1994 and elected to the Legislative Council through the West Island electoral college consisting of the Central and Western and Southern District Board members in 1988 Legislative Council election.
She was appointed justice of the peace in 1988 and awarded the Bronze Bauhinia Star in 2001.
References
1927 births
2018 deaths
Hong Kong chief executives
District councillors of Southern District
Hong Kong Civic Association politicians
HK LegCo Members 1988–1991 |
NK Vinogradar () was a Croatian football club based in the village of Lokošin Dol, part of the
town of Jastrebarsko. The club merged with NK Jaska in 2021 after the death of Ivan Rubinić, the former owner who helped the club become well known as a well-run amateur team in the 2000s and 2010s with a number of cup runs.
History
During the 1960s, people in Jastrebarsko and surrounding villages began to play football more seriously and to form the first football clubs. At the beginning of the 1970s, neighborhoods of Jastrebarsko as well the nearby villages began to play football tournaments. After one such tournament the idea was born of establishing NK Vinogradar (). The idea was started by Mladen Božičević, and supported by Francis Fabijanić and Željko Jambrović. The first meeting was held in the spring of 1973 in the premises of the fire brigade in Zdihovo, a village near Jastrebarsko.
The club played in the local city league for most of its existence, taking two years off in 1992 and 1993 for the Croatian War of Independence. Around 1997, Ivan Rubinić, the owner of a successful carpentry company, began financing the club. Under Rubinić, the club rose from the county leagues to the Croatian second division where they played an important role between 2007 and 2013. In six seasons in the second division, the club only finished below mid-table once. During their rise, Vinogradar won the county cup in 2003, the year they were promoted to the fourth division.
In June 2013, the club assembly decided to withdraw from Croatian second division due to increased financial requirements and the probable withdrawal of main club sponsor DIR. As a result, the club were relegated to the fifth division.
However, the club achieved back-to-back promotions and for the 2015–16 season again played in the Treća HNL. They won the 2016–17 and 2017-18 Western group, but due to financial disputes with the city of Jastrebarsko, did not apply for promotion to the 2. HNL. They defended their 3.HNL West title again in 2018–19, but again did not apply for a second division license. In 2021, they merged with nearby NK Jaska Jastrebarsko and the merged club began play in the 5th division.
Cup history
Vinogradar have reached the quarterfinals of the Croatian Football Cup four times as of 2018, never having advanced past that stage. During the 2010s, Vinogradar consistently qualified for the cup as one of the top 16 teams based on their coefficient. Their first cup appearance was in 2003–04, when they lost in the preliminary round.
The club first made the 2005–06 Croatian Football Cup quarterfinals as a third division side, losing 10–1 to NK Rijeka on aggregate. Vinogradar also reached the quarterfinals of the 2011–12 Croatian Football Cup before losing to HNK Cibalia 3–2 on aggregate.
Most impressively, Vinogradar reached the quarter-finals of the 2014–15 Croatian Football Cup as a fourth division side, beating two higher-placed teams in the process, NK Međimurje from Čakovec and top flight side NK Slaven Belupo. The club then played Hajduk Split in the quarterfinals but lost 6–0 on aggregate. The season before, 2013–14, Vinogradar also played Hajduk Split in the second round of the cup, losing 1–3, but only after extra time.
Vinogradar again made the quarterfinals in 2018 after beating Jadran Ploče 4–2. However they were eliminated after losing 3–0 to Inter Zaprešić.
Stadium
In 1980 the Mladina sports complex opened. It is still home to the club and has undergone modern renovations. The small stadium is in a small valley. The western hill has a motocross track and forest and the other hill has a large vineyard.
The stadium features one covered stand behind the north goal and one uncovered stand to the west. The east and southern parts of the complex are undeveloped.
In 2017, Vinogradar began playing games in the SC Vojarna complex in the center of Jastrebarsko.
Mladina hosted a Wales-Croatia under-19 match in 2018.
Honours
Treća HNL – West:
Winners (4): 2006–07, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19
References
External links
NK Vinogradar at Nogometni magazin
NK Vinogradar
Association football clubs established in 1973
Association football clubs disestablished in 2021
Defunct football clubs in Croatia
Football clubs in Zagreb County
1973 establishments in Croatia
2021 disestablishments in Croatia |
McNeill v. United States, 563 U.S. 816 (2011), was a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States holding that, regarding whether an offense under State law is a serious drug offense for purposes of federal sentencing, courts must consult the maximum term of imprisonment for the offense at the time of conviction.
Background
The plaintiff, Clifton Terelle McNeil, was sentenced to 300 months in jail after being convicted of unlawful possession of a firearm. He was also sentenced to an additional 240 months in prison for unlawful possession with intent to distribute crack cocaine. A US District court determined McNeil was an "armed career criminal" and therefore sought the highest sentence possible for his crimes. McNeil argued that he was not eligible for maximum sentencing because his drug related charges were not "serious drug offenses under the ACCA."
Question before the Court
Can the federal Armed Career Criminal Act be used in conduction with a state law for the purposes of a longer sentence?
Decision of the Supreme Court
In a unanimous decision in favor of the United States, Justice Thomas wrote the opinion for the Court. Thomas noted that, "A federal sentencing court must determine whether 'an offense under State law' is a 'serious drug offense' by consulting the 'maximum term of imprisonment' applicable to a defendant's prior state drug offense at the time of the defendant's conviction for that offense."
See also
List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 563
Notes
References
External links
2011 in United States case law
United States Supreme Court cases
United States Supreme Court cases of the Roberts Court
United States controlled substances case law
Armed Career Criminal Act case law |
```c++
/*
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY APPLE AND ITS CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY
* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
* WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
* DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL APPLE OR ITS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
* DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
* (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
* LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
* ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
* THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#include "config.h"
#include "core/dom/DOMURLUtils.h"
#include "platform/weborigin/KnownPorts.h"
namespace blink {
void DOMURLUtils::setHref(const String& value)
{
setInput(value);
}
void DOMURLUtils::setProtocol(const String& value)
{
KURL kurl = url();
if (kurl.isNull())
return;
kurl.setProtocol(value);
setURL(kurl);
}
void DOMURLUtils::setUsername(const String& value)
{
KURL kurl = url();
if (kurl.isNull())
return;
kurl.setUser(value);
setURL(kurl);
}
void DOMURLUtils::setPassword(const String& value)
{
KURL kurl = url();
if (kurl.isNull())
return;
kurl.setPass(value);
setURL(kurl);
}
void DOMURLUtils::setHost(const String& value)
{
if (value.isEmpty())
return;
KURL kurl = url();
if (!kurl.canSetHostOrPort())
return;
kurl.setHostAndPort(value);
setURL(kurl);
}
void DOMURLUtils::setHostname(const String& value)
{
KURL kurl = url();
if (!kurl.canSetHostOrPort())
return;
// Before setting new value:
// Remove all leading U+002F SOLIDUS ("/") characters.
unsigned i = 0;
unsigned hostLength = value.length();
while (value[i] == '/')
i++;
if (i == hostLength)
return;
kurl.setHost(value.substring(i));
setURL(kurl);
}
void DOMURLUtils::setPort(const String& value)
{
KURL kurl = url();
if (!kurl.canSetHostOrPort())
return;
kurl.setPort(value);
setURL(kurl);
}
void DOMURLUtils::setPathname(const String& value)
{
KURL kurl = url();
if (!kurl.canSetPathname())
return;
kurl.setPath(value);
setURL(kurl);
}
void DOMURLUtils::setSearch(const String& value)
{
KURL kurl = url();
if (!kurl.isValid())
return;
// FIXME: have KURL do this clearing of the query component
// instead, if practical. Will require addressing
// path_to_url for one.
if (value[0] == '?')
kurl.setQuery(value.length() == 1 ? String() : value.substring(1));
else
kurl.setQuery(value.isEmpty() ? String() : value);
setURL(kurl);
}
void DOMURLUtils::setHash(const String& value)
{
KURL kurl = url();
if (kurl.isNull())
return;
// FIXME: have KURL handle the clearing of the fragment component
// on the same input.
if (value[0] == '#')
kurl.setFragmentIdentifier(value.length() == 1 ? String() : value.substring(1));
else
kurl.setFragmentIdentifier(value.isEmpty() ? String() : value);
setURL(kurl);
}
} // namespace blink
``` |
Gelora Bung Karno Main Stadium (; literally "Bung Karno Sports Arena Main Stadium"), formerly Senayan Main Stadium and Gelora Senayan Main Stadium, is a multi-purpose stadium located at the center of the Gelora Bung Karno Sports Complex in Central Jakarta, Indonesia. It is mostly used for football matches. The stadium is named after Sukarno, the then-president of Indonesia, who sparked the idea of building the sports complex.
When first opened prior to the 1962 Asian Games, the stadium had a seating capacity of 110,000. It has been reduced twice during renovations: first to 88,306 in 2006 for the 2007 AFC Asian Cup and then to 77,193 single seats as part of renovations for the 2018 Asian Games and Asian Para Games, where it hosted the ceremonies and athletics competitions. The capacity of 88,083 makes it the 7th largest association football stadium in the world. Due to the most recent renovation which saw all remaining bleachers replaced by single seats, it is the 28th largest association football stadium in the world and the 8th largest association football stadium in Asia.
History
Construction began on 8 February 1960 and finished on 21 July 1962, in time to host the following month's Asian Games. Its construction was partially funded through a special loan from the Soviet Union (present Russia). The stadium's original capacity of 110,000 people was reduced to 88,306 as a result of renovations for the 2007 AFC Asian Cup. The stadium is well known for its gigantic ring-shaped facade, a.k.a the temu gelang, which also was designed to shade spectators from the sun, and increase the grandeur of the stadium.
Although the stadium is popularly known as Gelora Bung Karno Stadium (Stadion Gelora Bung Karno) or GBK Stadium, its official name is Gelora Bung Karno Main Stadium (Stadion Utama Gelora Bung Karno), as there are other stadiums in the Gelora Bung Karno Sports Complex, such as the Sports Palace and the secondary stadium. It was known as Senajan (EYD: Senayan) Main Stadium from its opening through the 1962 Asiad until the complex's name was changed to Gelora Bung Karno by a Presidential Decree issued on 24 September 1962, twenty days after the games ended. During the New Order era, the complex was renamed "Gelora Senayan Complex" and the stadium was renamed "Gelora Senayan Main Stadium" in 1969 under the "de-Sukarnoization" policy by military junta government Suharto. After the fall of the dictatorship, the complex name was reverted by President Abdurrahman Wahid in a decree effective since 17 January 2001.
The stadium served as the main venue of the 2018 Asian Games and Asian Para Games, hosting the ceremonies and athletics. It underwent renovations in preparation for the events; to comply with FIFA standards, all of the stadium's existing seating was replaced, including its remaining bleachers, making it an all-seater with a capacity of 77,193. The new seats are coloured in red, white, and grey—resembling a waving flag of Indonesia. A new, brighter LED lighting system was also installed, with 620 fixtures, and an RGB lighting system was installed on the stadium's facade. Improvements were also made to the stadium's accessibility.
At the 1985 Perserikatan Final, Match Persib Bandung against PSMS Medan which was held at this stadium became an amateur match with the largest attendance of 150,000 spectators. The match was finally won by PSMS Medan.
Sporting events
GBK Stadium hosted the 2007 Asian Cup final between Iraq and Saudi Arabia. Other competitions held there are several AFF Cup finals and domestic cup finals.
International
Host of the 1962 and 2018 Asian Games
Host of the 2018 Asian Para Games
Host of the 1963 GANEFO
Host of the Muhammad Ali vs. Rudie Lubbers boxing match, October 20, 1973.
Host of Southeast Asian Games (in 1979, 1987, 1997, and 2011)
Host of the Asian Athletics Championships (in 1985, 1995, and 2000)
Host of the 2002 Tiger Cup for 9 out of 10 Group A matches, semifinal matches, third place play-off, and the final.
Host of the 2003 ASEAN Club Championship.
Host of the 2004 Tiger Cup first leg semifinal match against Malaysia and first leg final match against Singapore.
Host of the 2007 AFC Asian Cup for 5 out of 6 Group D matches, quarterfinals between Saudi Arabia and Uzbekistan, and the final.
Host of the 2008 AFF Suzuki Cup for first leg semifinal match against Thailand
Host for the Bayern Munich 2008 Post-season Tour
Host of the 2010 AFF Suzuki Cup for 5 out of 6 Group A matches, semifinal matches against the Philippines, and second leg final match against Malaysia
Host for the LA Galaxy 2011 Asia-Pacific Post-season Tour
Host for all 2 matches of the Inter Milan 2012 Post-season Tour
Host for the Valencia 2012 Asia Preseason Tour (their only match outside Europe)
Host for the Arsenal 2013 Asia Preseason Tour
Host for the Liverpool 2013 Asia Preseason Tour
Host for the Chelsea 2013 Asia Preseason Tour
Host for the Juventus 2014 Asia Preseason Tour
Host of the 2014 Asian Dream Cup against Park Ji-sung and Friends, featuring footballers and celebrities, including the cast of Running Man.
Host for the Roma 2015 Asia Preseason Tour
Host of the 2018 AFC U-19 Championship
Host of Indonesia's home match at the 2018 AFF Championship
Host of Indonesia's home match at the 2022 AFF Championship
Host for the Argentina 2023 Asian-season Tour
Host of Indonesia's home match at the 2026 FIFA World Cup qualifiers
Host of Liga 2 3rd place match and Final.
Tournament results
1979 Southeast Asian Games
1987 Southeast Asian Games
1997 Southeast Asian Games
2002 AFF Championship
2004 AFF Championship
2007 AFC Asian Cup
2008 AFF Championship
2010 AFF Championship
2011 Southeast Asian Games
2018 AFC U-19 Championship
2018 AFF Championship
2022 AFF Championship
Other uses
The Grand Catholic mass led by Pope John Paul II, on 9 October 1989.
The 100th anniversary of Indonesian National Awakening day, 20 May 2008
The political rally for both parliamentary and also presidential elections in 2004, 2009, 2014, and 2019. The 2019 final day campaign for both presidential candidates was held in this stadium. The final campaign was held on 7 and 13 April 2019 respectively. Each final campaign was attended by more than 77,000 supporters, arguably the most attended a one-day campaign rally in the history of the Indonesian presidential campaign.
Christmas event jointly organized by the Indonesian Bethel Church for the whole district since 2006 until now (only absent in 2012)
Indonesia Tiberias Church Christmas Services since 2000 until now (except in 2016 and 2017)
HKBP Jubileum (147th in 2007 and 150th in 2011)
The 85th anniversary of Nahdlatul Ulama (2011)
Caliphate Conference of Hizb ut-Tahrir Indonesia, 6 June 2013
Admission exams for thousands Indonesian Ministry of Health civil servants applicants on 3 November 2013
One of the venues in Jakarta used for COVID-19 vaccination serving 60,000 doses of vaccines, 11 July 2021.
Concerts
Transport
KRL Commuterline provides transport service through Palmerah railway station within walking distance from the compound, while Jakarta MRT provides service through Istora Mandiri station. Two corridors of TransJakarta BRT also serve this area. An extension of the Jabodebek LRT is also planned to serve the western perimeter of the compound.
Gallery
See also
List of stadiums by capacity
List of Asian stadiums by capacity
List of Southeast Asia stadiums by capacity
References
Notes
Bibliography
External links
Profile on GBK Sports Complex official website (archived)
Indonesia national football team
Persija Jakarta
Multi-purpose stadiums in Indonesia
Athletics (track and field) venues in Jakarta
Football venues in Jakarta
Sports venues in Jakarta
AFC Asian Cup stadiums
National stadiums
Stadiums of the Asian Games
Sports venues completed in 1962
Post-independence architecture of Indonesia
Music venues in Indonesia
1962 establishments in Indonesia
Central Jakarta
Venues of the 1962 Asian Games
Venues of the 2018 Asian Games
Southeast Asian Games stadiums
Indonesia–Soviet Union relations
Soviet foreign aid
Asian Games athletics venues
Asian Games football venues |
Ui-te-Rangiora or Hui Te Rangiora is a legendary Polynesian navigator from Rarotonga who is claimed to have sailed to the Southern Ocean and sometimes to have discovered Antarctica.
According to a 19th-century interpretation of Rarotongan legend by Stephenson Percy Smith, Ui-te-Rangiora and his crew on the vessel Te Ivi o Atea sailed south and encountered an area he called Tai-uka-a-pia (interpreted by Smith as a frozen sea), "a foggy, misty, and dark place not seen by the sun" where rocks grow out of the sea. Smith interpreted this as referring to the ice floes and icebergs in the Southern Ocean, due to the ice floes being similar to arrowroot powder (referring to Tacca leontopetaloides, Polynesian arrowroot). This has led others to conclude that Ui-te-Rangiora was the first person to discover Antarctica.
The interpretation of Ui-te-Rangiora reaching Antarctic waters has been questioned. Anderson et al. note that there is no mention of an Antarctic voyage in the original legend, and that it is first mentioned in the story of his descendant Te Aru Tanga Nuku, who wished to "behold all the wonderful things on the ocean" seen by his ancestor. Te Rangi Hīroa considers the legend so contaminated by European material that it cannot be accepted as accurate and ancient. As the Cook Islands Māori language had no pre-European word for ice or frozen, interpreting Tai-uka-a-pia as a frozen sea is simply a mistranslation, and instead it should be translated as "sea covered with foam like arrowroot". New Zealand iwi Ngāi Tahu considers the legend to be a mythic origin story rather than a historical voyaging narrative.
It has been suggested that the folklore of the islanders reflected an actual event, namely a sea area covered with a dense layer of floating pieces of pumice resulting from some undersea volcanic eruption. Such a 25 000 km2 sea surface was sighted in 2012 in the area of Kermadec Islands, with a 60 cm thick bright white layer resembling a shelf glacier.
Subantarctic islands
It has been claimed that in 1886 Lapita pottery shards were discovered on the Antipodes Islands, indicating that Polynesians did reach that far south. However, the claim has not been substantiated; indeed, no archaeological evidence of human visitation prior to European discovery of the islands has been found.
Enderby Island, considerably south of the Antipodes Islands, has been found to have proof of 13th- or 14th-century Māori use. Similarly, a craft of 'ancient design' was found in 1810 on the subantarctic Macquarie Island, considerably south and west of the Auckland Islands. It has been suggested that the craft was burnt for fuel that year in the ensuing penguin and seal oil fires, and that it was possibly a Polynesian vessel. However, in the same year, Captain Smith described in more detail what is presumably the same wreck: 'several pieces of wreck of a large vessel on this Island, apparently very old and high up in the grass, probably the remains of the ship of the unfortunate De la Perouse.'
References
Explorers of Antarctica
People from Rarotonga
Polynesian navigators |
Stewarts Creek Township, North Carolina may refer to one of the following townships:
Stewarts Creek Township, Harnett County, North Carolina
Stewarts Creek Township, Surry County, North Carolina
See also
Stewart Township (disambiguation)
North Carolina township disambiguation pages |
CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing protein 3 (i.e. CMTM3), also termed chemokine-like factor superfamily 3 (i.e. CKLFSF3), is a member of the CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing family (i.e. CMTM) of proteins. In humans, CMTM2 protein is encoded by the CMTM3 gene located in band 22.1 on the long (i.e. "q") arm of chromosome 16. This protein is expressed in a wide range of tissues, including fetal tissues. It is highly expressed in the male reproductive system, particularly testicular tissues and may play a role in the development of this tissue. It is also highly expressed in the immune system including circulating blood cells, i.e. B lymphocytes, CD4+ T lymphocytes, and monocytes. However, CMTM3 protein is weakly expressed or unexpressed in the malignant tissues of several types of cancers. In many but not all of theses cancers, this decreased or lack of expression appears due to methylation of the GpC islands in the promoter region, and thereby the silencing, of the CMTM3 gene.
Studies of CMTM3 protein levels in normal versus malignant tissues found that the malignant tissue levels of several types of cancer were lower, in a variable percentage of cases, than the levels in the normal tissues as well as the cases with high CMTM2 levels in the same cancer type. These cancers included those of the stomach, breast, nasopharynx (e.g. oral squamous cell carcinoma), male larynx, esophagus, prostate gland, colon, and kidney (i.e. the kidney clear-cell type). Moreover, low cancer tissue levels of CTMT3 protein were found to be associated with poorer prognoses compared to cases with higher levels of this protein in cancers of the stomach, esophagus, nasopharynx (i.e. oral squamous cell carcinoma type), and prostate gland. These finding suggest that the CMTM3 protein may act to suppress the development and/or progression of these cancers. Further studies are needed to support this suggestion and determine if CMTM3 protein can be a useful clinical marker to predict the severity of these cancers and/or serve as a therapeutic target for treating them.
Contrastingly, other studies have reported that: 1) CMTM3 protein promoted the proliferation of cultured glioblastoma immortalized cells; 2) high levels of CMTM3 protein were associated with shorter survival times in individuals with glioblastomas and gastric cancer; 3) analyses of 178 patients with pancreatic cancer found that their tumor tissues had higher CMTM3 protein levels than normal nearby pancreas tissues; and 4) patients with high levels of CMTM3 protein in their pancreatic cancer tissues had poorer prognoses and overall survival rates compared to patients with lower CMTM3 levels in their pancreatic cancer tissues. These findings suggest that CMTM3 acts to promote the development and/or progression of these three cancer types. They support further studies to confirm this suggestion, to determine if CMTM3 can be use as a prognostic indicator and a clinical therapeutic target for these three cancer types. Further investigations into the mechanisms behind the apparent ability of CMTM3 to suppress or promote these cancers are also needed.
References
Further reading
Human proteins
DNA replication
Gene expression |
Glenn Anderson (born 1960) is a retired Canadian pro hockey player.
Glenn Anderson may also refer to:
Glenn M. Anderson (1913–1994), former Lieutenant Governor of California and United States congressman
Glenn M. Anderson Freeway or Interstate 105
Glenn S. Anderson (born 1954), Michigan State Senate member
Glenn Anderson (Washington politician) (born 1958)
Glenn B. Anderson, first Black deaf man to earn a doctoral degree |
```xml
import Link from 'next/link'
export default async function Page({
searchParams,
}: {
searchParams: { [key: string]: string | string[] | undefined }
}) {
const hasParams = Object.keys(searchParams).length > 0
return (
<>
<Link href="/?blazing=good">Go</Link>
{hasParams ? (
<div id="search-params">
Search params: {JSON.stringify(searchParams)}
</div>
) : null}
</>
)
}
``` |
The Patz Brothers House, is located in Bluffton, South Carolina. It was built in 1892. The history of these houses and the Planters Mercantile are woven together. The Patz brothers, Moses and Abram, came from the northeast around 1890. They built the Planters Mercantile first and then in 1892 constructed a semi-detached double residence next door. The paired houses were mirror images with highly decorative eave and porch ornamentation of the late Victorian age. This style while rare in other parts of the county is very prevalent in the south, though The Patz Brothers House is only one of two of its kind in Bluffton. The houses share a central wall. Each house had its own front door, hall, stairway and six rooms. Mr. & Mrs. Lewis J. Hammet restored the exterior. The removal of the interior dividing wall to allow for a wide central staircase leading to the upstairs was done in the 1950s when the house was called "the Old Pinckney Boarding House"
.
References
Houses in Bluffton, South Carolina |
```java
/*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
* "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
* specific language governing permissions and limitations
*/
package io.ballerina.compiler.internal.parser.tree;
import io.ballerina.compiler.syntax.tree.Node;
import io.ballerina.compiler.syntax.tree.NonTerminalNode;
import io.ballerina.compiler.syntax.tree.ReAtomCharOrEscapeNode;
import io.ballerina.compiler.syntax.tree.SyntaxKind;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
/**
* This is a generated internal syntax tree node.
*
* @since 2201.3.0
*/
public class STReAtomCharOrEscapeNode extends STNode {
public final STNode reAtomCharOrEscape;
STReAtomCharOrEscapeNode(
STNode reAtomCharOrEscape) {
this(
reAtomCharOrEscape,
Collections.emptyList());
}
STReAtomCharOrEscapeNode(
STNode reAtomCharOrEscape,
Collection<STNodeDiagnostic> diagnostics) {
super(SyntaxKind.RE_LITERAL_CHAR_DOT_OR_ESCAPE, diagnostics);
this.reAtomCharOrEscape = reAtomCharOrEscape;
addChildren(
reAtomCharOrEscape);
}
@Override
public STNode modifyWith(Collection<STNodeDiagnostic> diagnostics) {
return new STReAtomCharOrEscapeNode(
this.reAtomCharOrEscape,
diagnostics);
}
public STReAtomCharOrEscapeNode modify(
STNode reAtomCharOrEscape) {
if (checkForReferenceEquality(
reAtomCharOrEscape)) {
return this;
}
return new STReAtomCharOrEscapeNode(
reAtomCharOrEscape,
diagnostics);
}
@Override
public Node createFacade(int position, NonTerminalNode parent) {
return new ReAtomCharOrEscapeNode(this, position, parent);
}
@Override
public void accept(STNodeVisitor visitor) {
visitor.visit(this);
}
@Override
public <T> T apply(STNodeTransformer<T> transformer) {
return transformer.transform(this);
}
}
``` |
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