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The yellow-eyed penguin (Megadyptes antipodes), known also as hoiho or tarakaka, is a species of penguin endemic to New Zealand.
Previously thought closely related to the little penguin (Eudyptula minor), molecular research has shown it more closely related to penguins of the genus Eudyptes. Like most penguins, it is mainly piscivorous.
The species breeds along the eastern and south-eastern coastlines of the South Island of New Zealand, as well as Stewart Island, Auckland Islands, and Campbell Islands. Colonies on the Otago Peninsula are a popular tourist venue, where visitors may closely observe penguins from hides, trenches, or tunnels.
On the New Zealand mainland, the species has experienced a significant decline over the past 20 years. On the Otago Peninsula, numbers have dropped by 75% since the mid-1990s and population trends indicate the possibility of local extinction in the next 20 to 40 years. While the effect of rising ocean temperatures is still being studied, an infectious outbreak in the mid-2000s played a large role in the drop. Human activities at sea (fisheries, pollution) may have an equal if not greater influence on the species' downward trend.
Taxonomy
The yellow-eyed penguin was first described by Jacques Bernard Hombron and Honoré Jacquinot in 1841.
The yellow-eyed penguin is the sole species in the genus Megadyptes. It was previously thought closely related to the little penguin but new molecular research has shown it is more closely related to penguins of the genus Eudyptes. Mitochondrial and nuclear DNA evidence suggests it split from the ancestors of Eudyptes around 15 million years ago. In 2019 the 1.25Gb genome of the species was published as part of the Penguin Genome Consortium, and this will help resolve the origins and aid conservation by helping to inform any future breeding programmes.
Subspecies
M. a. antipodes, yellow-eyed penguin. The only extant subspecies. Formerly most abundant in the subantarctic Auckland and Campbell Islands, it colonized Stewart Island and part of the South Island after the extinction of the Waitaha penguin.
M. a. waitaha, Waitaha penguin. Extinct. Was present in the North Island, South Island, Stewart Island, and Codfish Island. Last dated to 1347–1529 AD. Archaeological remains indicate that early Polynesian settlers hunted the species and that this, with possible additional predation by Polynesian rats and dogs, was a probable cause of extinction. Described as a new species M. waitaha in 2009, but reclassified as a subspecies M. a. waitaha in studies from 2019 and 2022.
M. a. richdalei, Richdale's penguin. Extinct. A dwarf subspecies from the Chatham Islands. Last dated after the 13th century. It was hunted to extinction.
Description
The yellow-eyed penguin (M. a. antipodes) is most easily identified by the band of pale yellow feathers surrounding its eyes and encircling the back of its head. Its forehead, crown and the sides of its face are slate grey flecked with golden yellow. Its eye is yellow. The foreneck and sides of the head are light brown. The back and tail are slate blue-black. Its chest, stomach, thighs and the underside of its flippers are white in colour. Juvenile birds have a greyer head with no yellow band around their eyes.
It is the largest living penguin to breed on the mainland of New Zealand and the fourth or fifth heaviest living penguin going on body mass. It stands tall and weighs . Weight varies throughout the year, with penguins being heaviest just before moulting, during which they may lose 3-4 kilograms in weight. Males at around on average are somewhat heavier than females at an average of .
The yellow-eyed penguin may be long lived, with some individuals reaching 20 years of age. Males are generally longer lived than females, leading to a sex ratio of 2:1 around the age of 10–12 years.
The yellow-eyed penguin is mostly silent. It makes a shrill bray-like call at nest and breeding sites.
Distribution and habitat
Until recently, it was assumed that M. a. antipodes was widespread and abundant before the arrival of Polynesian settlers in New Zealand. However, genetic analysis has since revealed that its range only expanded to include mainland New Zealand in the past 200 years. Yellow-eyed penguins expanded out of the subantarctic to replace New Zealand's endemic Waitaha penguin (M. waitaha). The Waitaha penguin became extinct between about 1300 and 1500, soon after Polynesian settlers arrived in New Zealand. Jeremy Austin, a member of the team that discovered the Waitaha penguin, said, "Our findings demonstrate that yellow-eyed penguins on mainland New Zealand are not a declining remnant of a previous abundant population, but came from the subantarctic relatively recently and replaced the extinct Waitaha penguin."
A dwarf subspecies from the Chatham Islands, M. a. richdalei, is extinct. The modern population of yellow-eyed penguins does not breed on the Chatham Islands.
Today, yellow-eyed penguins are found in two distinct populations. The northern population extends along the southeast coast of the South Island of New Zealand, down to Stewart Island and Codfish Island. It includes four main breeding areas in Banks Peninsula, North Otago, Otago Peninsula and the Catlins. It is also referred to as the mainland population. The southern population includes the subantarctic Auckland Islands and Campbell Island. There is little gene flow between the northern and southern populations as the large stretch of ocean between the South Island and subantarctic region and the subtropical convergence act as a natural barrier.
Behaviour
Breeding
Whether yellow-eyed penguins are colonial nesters has been an ongoing point of debate among zoologists in New Zealand. Most Antarctic penguin species nest in large, high density aggregations of birds; in contrast, yellow-eyed penguins do not nest within sight of each other. While they can be seen coming ashore in groups of four to six or more individuals, they then disperse along tracks to individual nest sites up to one kilometre inland. Accordingly, the consensus among New Zealand penguin workers is to use habitat rather than colony to refer to areas where yellow-eyed penguins nest.
First breeding occurs at three to four years of age and long-term partnerships are formed. Nest sites are selected in August and normally two eggs are laid in September. The incubation duties (lasting 39–51 days) are shared by both parents, who may spend several days on the nest at a time. For the first six weeks after hatching, the chicks are guarded during the day by one parent while the other is at sea feeding. The foraging adult returns at least daily to feed the chicks and relieve the partner. After the chicks are six weeks of age, both parents go to sea to supply food to their rapidly growing offspring. Chicks usually fledge in mid-February and are totally independent from then on. Chick fledge weights are generally between 5 and 6 kg.
Feeding
Around 90% of the yellow-eyed penguin's diet is made up of fish, chiefly demersal species that live near the seafloor, including silversides (Argentina elongata), blue cod (Parapercis colias), red cod (Pseudophycis bachus), and opalfish (Hemerocoetes monopterygius). Other species taken are New Zealand blueback sprat (Sprattus antipodum) and cephalopods such as arrow squid (Nototodarus sloanii). They also eat some crustaceans, including krill (Nyctiphanes australis). Recently, jellyfish were found to be targeted by the penguins. While initially thought that the birds would prey on jellyfish itself, deployments of camera loggers revealed that the penguins were going after juvenile fish and fish larvae associated with jellyfish.
Breeding penguins usually undertake two kinds of foraging trips: day trips where the birds leave at dawn and return in the evening ranging up to 25 km from their colonies, and shorter evening trips during which the birds are seldom away from their nest longer than four hours or range farther than 7 km. Yellow-eyed penguins are known to be an almost exclusive benthic forager that searches for prey along the seafloor. Accordingly, up to 90% of their dives are benthic dives. This also means that their average dive depths are determined by the water depths within their home ranges.
Conservation
The yellow-eyed penguin is considered one of the rarest penguin species in the world. It is listed on the IUCN Red List as being endangered. It was first included on the list in 1988 when it was listed as threatened. Its status has since been changed to endangered in the year 2000.
It had an estimated population of 4000 in 2007. The main threats include habitat degradation and introduced predators. It may be the most ancient of all living penguins.
A reserve protecting more than 10% of the mainland population was established at Long Point in the Catlins in November 2007 by the Department of Conservation and the Yellow-eyed Penguin Trust.
In August 2010, the yellow-eyed penguin was granted protection under the U.S. Endangered Species Act.
Threats
In spring 2004, a previously undescribed disease killed off 60% of yellow-eyed penguin chicks on the Otago Peninsula and in North Otago. The disease has been linked to an infection of Corynebacterium, a genus of bacteria that also causes diphtheria in humans. It has been described as diphtheritic stomatitis and the pathogen identified. A similar problem has affected the Stewart Island population. Treatment of chicks in hospital has proven successful with 88% of 41 chicks treated in 2022 surviving.
Tourism
Several mainland habitats have hides and are relatively accessible for those wishing to watch the birds come ashore. These include beaches at Oamaru, the Moeraki lighthouse, a number of beaches near Dunedin, and the Catlins. In addition, commercial tourist operations on Otago Peninsula also provide hides to view yellow-eyed penguins. However, the yellow-eyed penguin cannot be found in zoos because it will not reproduce in captivity.
In culture
The hoiho appears on the reverse side of the New Zealand five-dollar note.
The yellow-eyed penguin is the mascot to Dunedin City Council's recycling and solid waste management campaign.
The yellow-eyed penguin is also featured in Farce of the Penguins, in which they complain about global warming.
In 2019 the yellow-eyed penguin was crowned the Bird of the Year in New Zealand, the first win for a seabird in the competition's 14-year history.
References
External links
BBC Science and nature page about Megadyptes waitaha
Official Yellow-eyed Penguin Trust site in New Zealand
Yellow-eyed penguin on PenguinWorld
Yellow-eyed penguins from the International Penguin Conservation website
yellow-eyed penguin
Birds of the South Island
Birds of the Auckland Islands
Birds of the Campbell Islands
Otago Peninsula
yellow-eyed penguin
yellow-eyed penguin
yellow-eyed penguin
Articles containing video clips
Endemic birds of New Zealand
Yellow-eyed |
```objective-c
//
//
// path_to_url
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
#pragma once
#include "paddle/common/adt_type_id.h"
namespace pir {
class Attribute;
class BoolAttribute;
class Complex64Attribute;
class Complex128Attribute;
class FloatAttribute;
class DoubleAttribute;
class Int32Attribute;
class IndexAttribute;
class Int64Attribute;
class PointerAttribute;
class TypeAttribute;
class StrAttribute;
class ArrayAttribute;
class TensorNameAttribute;
} // namespace pir
namespace pir::shape {
class SymbolAttribute;
}
namespace paddle::dialect {
class KernelAttribute;
class IntArrayAttribute;
class ScalarAttribute;
class DataTypeAttribute;
class PlaceAttribute;
class DataLayoutAttribute;
} // namespace paddle::dialect
namespace cinn::dialect {
class GroupInfoAttribute;
class CINNKernelInfoAttribute;
class FusionTrackerPtrAttribute;
} // namespace cinn::dialect
namespace cinn::dialect::ir {
class UnclassifiedAttribute {};
// clang-format off
#define FOR_EACH_PIR_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE(__macro) \
__macro(pir::BoolAttribute) \
__macro(pir::Complex64Attribute) \
__macro(pir::Complex128Attribute) \
__macro(pir::FloatAttribute) \
__macro(pir::DoubleAttribute) \
__macro(pir::Int32Attribute) \
__macro(pir::IndexAttribute) \
__macro(pir::Int64Attribute) \
__macro(pir::PointerAttribute) \
__macro(pir::TypeAttribute) \
__macro(pir::StrAttribute) \
__macro(pir::ArrayAttribute) \
__macro(pir::TensorNameAttribute) \
__macro(pir::shape::SymbolAttribute) \
__macro(paddle::dialect::KernelAttribute) \
__macro(paddle::dialect::IntArrayAttribute) \
__macro(paddle::dialect::ScalarAttribute) \
__macro(paddle::dialect::DataTypeAttribute) \
__macro(paddle::dialect::PlaceAttribute) \
__macro(paddle::dialect::DataLayoutAttribute) \
__macro(cinn::dialect::GroupInfoAttribute) \
__macro(cinn::dialect::CINNKernelInfoAttribute) \
__macro(cinn::dialect::FusionTrackerPtrAttribute)
// clang-format on
using AttrAdtTypeIdBase = ::common::AdtBaseTypeId<
#define AS_ATTR_ADT_TYPE_ID_ALTERNATIVE(cls) cls,
FOR_EACH_PIR_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE(AS_ATTR_ADT_TYPE_ID_ALTERNATIVE)
#undef AS_ATTR_ADT_TYPE_ID_ALTERNATIVE
UnclassifiedAttribute>;
struct AttrAdtTypeId : public AttrAdtTypeIdBase {
using AttrAdtTypeIdBase::AttrAdtTypeIdBase;
};
AttrAdtTypeId GetAttrAdtTypeId(const pir::Attribute& attribute);
} // namespace cinn::dialect::ir
``` |
```c++
// This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
// file, You can obtain one at path_to_url
#include <limits>
#include "../include/register_events_command.hpp"
#include <vsomeip/internal/logger.hpp>
namespace vsomeip_v3 {
namespace protocol {
register_events_command::register_events_command()
: command(id_e::REGISTER_EVENT_ID) {
}
bool
register_events_command::add_registration(const register_event &_register_event) {
size_t its_size(size_ + COMMAND_HEADER_SIZE
+ sizeof(_register_event.get_service()) + sizeof(_register_event.get_instance())
+ sizeof(_register_event.get_event()) + sizeof(_register_event.get_event_type())
+ sizeof(_register_event.is_provided()) + sizeof(_register_event.get_reliability())
+ sizeof(_register_event.is_cyclic()) + sizeof(_register_event.get_num_eventgroups())
+ (_register_event.get_num_eventgroups() * sizeof(eventgroup_t) ));
// check size
if (its_size > std::numeric_limits<command_size_t>::max())
return false;
// set size
size_ = static_cast<command_size_t>(its_size - COMMAND_HEADER_SIZE);
registrations_.push_back(_register_event);
return true;
}
void
register_events_command::serialize(std::vector<byte_t> &_buffer, error_e &_error) const {
if (size_ + COMMAND_HEADER_SIZE > std::numeric_limits<command_size_t>::max()) {
_error = error_e::ERROR_MAX_COMMAND_SIZE_EXCEEDED;
return;
}
// resize buffer
_buffer.resize(size_+COMMAND_HEADER_SIZE);
// serialize header
command::serialize(_buffer, _error);
if (_error != error_e::ERROR_OK)
return;
// serialize payload
size_t its_offset(COMMAND_HEADER_SIZE);
for(auto ® : registrations_) {
reg.serialize(_buffer, its_offset, _error);
if (_error != error_e::ERROR_OK)
return;
}
}
void
register_events_command::deserialize(const std::vector<byte_t> &_buffer, error_e &_error) {
registrations_.clear();
if(_buffer.size() < COMMAND_HEADER_SIZE) {
_error = error_e::ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_BYTES;
return;
}
// deserialize header
command::deserialize(_buffer, _error);
if (_error != error_e::ERROR_OK)
return;
size_t its_offset(COMMAND_HEADER_SIZE);
while (its_offset < _buffer.size()) {
register_event event_command;
event_command.deserialize(_buffer, its_offset, _error);
if (_error != error_e::ERROR_OK)
return;
registrations_.push_back(event_command);
}
}
std::size_t
register_events_command::get_num_registrations() const {
return registrations_.size();
}
bool
register_events_command::get_registration_at(std::size_t _position, register_event & _reg) const {
if(_position < registrations_.size()) {
_reg = registrations_[_position];
return true;
}
return false;
}
} // namespace protocol
} // namespace vsomeip_v3
``` |
Joshua Perry (born April 26, 1994) is a former American football linebacker. He played college football at Ohio State, where he was part of the 2014 National Championship team.
Early years
Perry attended Olentangy High School in Lewis Center, Ohio. He was rated by Rivals.com as a four-star recruit and was ranked among the top outside linebackers in his class. He committed to Ohio State University to play college football.
College career
Perry played in 10 games as a true freshman at Ohio State in 2012 and had five tackles. As a sophomore in 2013, he played in all 13 games and made 10 starts. For the season, he had 64 tackles and one sack, which was a safety. As a junior, Perry played in all 15 games and started 14, leading the team in tackles with 124. He also had three sacks. During the 2015 College Football Playoff National Championship, he recorded six tackles.
Professional career
Coming out of Ohio State, Perry was projected by the majority of analysts to be a second to fourth round draft selection. He was rated the seventh best outside linebacker out of the 203 available by NFLDraftScout.com. Perry received positive reviews from scouts and analysts for his leadership, strength, productive tackling, conditioning, instincts, and anticipation. He was thought to be a limited playmaker who loses focus during blocks, with minimal man to man coverage skills, and below average sideline to sideline chase ability.
San Diego / Los Angeles Chargers
Perry was drafted by the San Diego Chargers in the fourth round (102nd overall) in the 2016 NFL Draft. On May 9, 2016, the Chargers signed Perry to a four-year, $2.95 million contract with a signing bonus of $614,084. Perry entered training camp competing with Nick Dzubnar to be the backup right inside linebacker. Perry was named the third right inside linebacker behind veteran Denzel Perryman and Dzubnar to begin the regular season.
Perry made his professional regular season debut in the Chargers' season opener against the Kansas City Chiefs. The following week, Perry made his first career solo tackle in a 38–14 victory over the Jacksonville Jaguars. On October 2, 2016, he recorded three solo tackles in the Chargers' 35–34 loss to the New Orleans Saints. On January 1, 2017, Perry received his first career start against the Kansas City Chiefs and recorded a season-high six combined tackles in a 37–27 loss. He finished his rookie season with a total of 22 combined tackles in 15 games and one start.
On September 2, 2017, Perry was waived/injured by the Chargers and placed on injured reserve. He was released on September 9, 2017.
Indianapolis Colts
On September 18, 2017, Perry was signed to the Indianapolis Colts' practice squad. He was promoted to the active roster on October 27, 2017. He was waived by the Colts on November 14, 2017, and was re-signed to the practice squad the next day. He signed a reserve/future contract with the Colts on January 1, 2018. He was waived on May 11, 2018.
Seattle Seahawks
On June 11, 2018, Perry signed with Seattle Seahawks.
On July 30, 2018, Perry announced his retirement from the NFL due to concerns about concussions.
Post-playing career
Perry has started working for "The Fan" 97.1 FM, a sports radio station in Columbus, Ohio, co-hosting "The NFL Hour" with Matt Hayes. He has also made appearances on the Big Ten Network.
References
External links
Ohio State Buckeyes bio
Los Angeles Chargers bio
1994 births
Living people
People from Delaware County, Ohio
Players of American football from Ohio
American football linebackers
Ohio State Buckeyes football players
San Diego Chargers players
Los Angeles Chargers players
Indianapolis Colts players
Seattle Seahawks players
Sportspeople from Franklin, Tennessee |
Gruszów Mały is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dąbrowa Tarnowska, within Dąbrowa County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It lies approximately north-east of Dąbrowa Tarnowska and east of the regional capital Kraków.
References
Villages in Dąbrowa County |
Holmes Run is a stream in the Cameron Run Watershed in Northern Virginia. It runs through Fairfax County and the City of Alexandria. It is a first-order tributary of the Potomac River.
Its headwater is near the junction of I-495 and I-66. It crosses the region in a southeasterly direction for ten and a half miles until it merges with Backlick Run to form Cameron Run. Cameron Run becomes Hunting Creek and empties into the Potomac River just south of the Woodrow Wilson Bridge.
In 1913–1915 the Alexandria Water Company built a dam on Holmes Run in order to create Lake Barcroft as a potable water reservoir for Alexandria. In the early post-war era, Alexandria began to exceed the capacity of Lake Barcroft and in 1949 discontinued its use in favor of Occoquan Reservoir.
Physical description
As an urban river, Holmes Run has in places been heavily channelized, but also significant portions have been developed as urban greenspace as Holmes Run Trail.
Above Lake Barcroft its route makes up the border of West Falls Church and Annandale.
See also
List of crossings of Holmes Run
References
Bibliography
Rivers of Fairfax County, Virginia
Rivers of Alexandria, Virginia
Rivers of Virginia
Tributaries of the Potomac River |
Hess Tower is a 29-story building located adjacent to Discovery Green park in downtown Houston, Texas. It was formerly called Discovery Tower until Hess Corporation leased the entire tower in January 2009.
The global architectural firm Gensler designed the building. The building was a project of Trammell Crow Company, a real estate development and investment firm.
The building was originally designed to house a number of wind turbines, but the turbines were removed in December 2010.
References
External links
Skyscraper office buildings in Houston
Office buildings completed in 2010
Buildings and structures in Houston |
```kotlin
package net.corda.nodeapi.internal.serialization.kryo
import org.junit.Ignore
import org.junit.Test
import org.junit.jupiter.api.assertDoesNotThrow
import java.util.LinkedList
import kotlin.test.assertEquals
class KryoCheckpointTest {
private val testSize = 1000L
/**
* This test just ensures that the checkpoints still work in light of [LinkedHashMapEntrySerializer].
*/
@Test(timeout=300_000)
fun `linked hash map can checkpoint without error`() {
var lastKey = ""
val dummyMap = linkedMapOf<String, Long>()
for (i in 0..testSize) {
dummyMap[i.toString()] = i
}
var it = dummyMap.iterator()
while (it.hasNext()) {
lastKey = it.next().key
val bytes = KryoCheckpointSerializer.serialize(it, KRYO_CHECKPOINT_CONTEXT)
it = KryoCheckpointSerializer.deserialize(bytes, it.javaClass, KRYO_CHECKPOINT_CONTEXT)
}
assertEquals(testSize.toString(), lastKey)
}
@Test(timeout=300_000)
fun `empty linked hash map can checkpoint without error`() {
val dummyMap = linkedMapOf<String, Long>()
val it = dummyMap.iterator()
val itKeys = dummyMap.keys.iterator()
val itValues = dummyMap.values.iterator()
val bytes = KryoCheckpointSerializer.serialize(it, KRYO_CHECKPOINT_CONTEXT)
val bytesKeys = KryoCheckpointSerializer.serialize(itKeys, KRYO_CHECKPOINT_CONTEXT)
val bytesValues = KryoCheckpointSerializer.serialize(itValues, KRYO_CHECKPOINT_CONTEXT)
assertDoesNotThrow {
KryoCheckpointSerializer.deserialize(bytes, it.javaClass, KRYO_CHECKPOINT_CONTEXT)
KryoCheckpointSerializer.deserialize(bytesKeys, itKeys.javaClass, KRYO_CHECKPOINT_CONTEXT)
KryoCheckpointSerializer.deserialize(bytesValues, itValues.javaClass, KRYO_CHECKPOINT_CONTEXT)
}
}
@Test(timeout=300_000)
fun `linked hash map with null values can checkpoint without error`() {
val dummyMap = linkedMapOf<String?, Long?>().apply {
put("foo", 2L)
put(null, null)
put("bar", 3L)
}
val it = dummyMap.iterator()
val bytes = KryoCheckpointSerializer.serialize(it, KRYO_CHECKPOINT_CONTEXT)
val itKeys = dummyMap.keys.iterator()
itKeys.next()
itKeys.next()
val bytesKeys = KryoCheckpointSerializer.serialize(itKeys, KRYO_CHECKPOINT_CONTEXT)
val itValues = dummyMap.values.iterator()
val bytesValues = KryoCheckpointSerializer.serialize(itValues, KRYO_CHECKPOINT_CONTEXT)
assertDoesNotThrow {
KryoCheckpointSerializer.deserialize(bytes, it.javaClass, KRYO_CHECKPOINT_CONTEXT)
val desItKeys = KryoCheckpointSerializer.deserialize(bytesKeys, itKeys.javaClass, KRYO_CHECKPOINT_CONTEXT)
assertEquals("bar", desItKeys.next())
KryoCheckpointSerializer.deserialize(bytesValues, itValues.javaClass, KRYO_CHECKPOINT_CONTEXT)
}
}
@Test(timeout=300_000)
fun `linked hash map keys can checkpoint without error`() {
var lastKey = ""
val dummyMap = linkedMapOf<String, Long>()
for (i in 0..testSize) {
dummyMap[i.toString()] = i
}
var it = dummyMap.keys.iterator()
while (it.hasNext()) {
lastKey = it.next()
val bytes = KryoCheckpointSerializer.serialize(it, KRYO_CHECKPOINT_CONTEXT)
it = KryoCheckpointSerializer.deserialize(bytes, it.javaClass, KRYO_CHECKPOINT_CONTEXT)
}
assertEquals(testSize.toString(), lastKey)
}
@Test(timeout=300_000)
fun `linked hash map values can checkpoint without error`() {
var lastValue = 0L
val dummyMap = linkedMapOf<String, Long>()
for (i in 0..testSize) {
dummyMap[i.toString()] = i
}
var it = dummyMap.values.iterator()
while (it.hasNext()) {
lastValue = it.next()
val bytes = KryoCheckpointSerializer.serialize(it, KRYO_CHECKPOINT_CONTEXT)
it = KryoCheckpointSerializer.deserialize(bytes, it.javaClass, KRYO_CHECKPOINT_CONTEXT)
}
assertEquals(testSize, lastValue)
}
@Test(timeout = 300_000)
fun `linked hash map values can checkpoint without error, even with repeats`() {
var lastValue = "0"
val dummyMap = linkedMapOf<String, String>()
for (i in 0..testSize) {
dummyMap[i.toString()] = (i % 10).toString()
}
var it = dummyMap.values.iterator()
while (it.hasNext()) {
lastValue = it.next()
val bytes = KryoCheckpointSerializer.serialize(it, KRYO_CHECKPOINT_CONTEXT)
it = KryoCheckpointSerializer.deserialize(bytes, it.javaClass, KRYO_CHECKPOINT_CONTEXT)
}
assertEquals((testSize % 10).toString(), lastValue)
}
@Ignore("Kryo optimizes boxed primitives so this does not work. Need to customise ReferenceResolver to stop it doing it.")
@Test(timeout = 300_000)
fun `linked hash map values can checkpoint without error, even with repeats for boxed primitives`() {
var lastValue = 0L
val dummyMap = linkedMapOf<String, Long>()
for (i in 0..testSize) {
dummyMap[i.toString()] = (i % 10)
}
var it = dummyMap.values.iterator()
while (it.hasNext()) {
lastValue = it.next()
val bytes = KryoCheckpointSerializer.serialize(it, KRYO_CHECKPOINT_CONTEXT)
it = KryoCheckpointSerializer.deserialize(bytes, it.javaClass, KRYO_CHECKPOINT_CONTEXT)
}
assertEquals(testSize % 10, lastValue)
}
/**
* This test just ensures that the checkpoints still work in light of [LinkedHashMapEntrySerializer].
*/
@Test(timeout=300_000)
fun `linked hash set can checkpoint without error`() {
var result: Any = 0L
val dummySet = linkedSetOf<Any>().apply { addAll(0..testSize) }
var it = dummySet.iterator()
while (it.hasNext()) {
result = it.next()
val bytes = KryoCheckpointSerializer.serialize(it, KRYO_CHECKPOINT_CONTEXT)
it = KryoCheckpointSerializer.deserialize(bytes, it.javaClass, KRYO_CHECKPOINT_CONTEXT)
}
assertEquals(testSize, result)
}
/**
* This test just ensures that the checkpoints still work in light of [LinkedListItrSerializer].
*/
@Test(timeout=300_000)
fun `linked list can checkpoint without error`() {
var result: Any = 0L
val dummyList = LinkedList<Long>().apply { addAll(0..testSize) }
var it = dummyList.iterator()
while (it.hasNext()) {
result = it.next()
val bytes = KryoCheckpointSerializer.serialize(it, KRYO_CHECKPOINT_CONTEXT)
it = KryoCheckpointSerializer.deserialize(bytes, it.javaClass, KRYO_CHECKPOINT_CONTEXT)
}
assertEquals(testSize, result)
}
}
``` |
```c++
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.
#include "src/compiler/escape-analysis-reducer.h"
#include "src/compiler/all-nodes.h"
#include "src/compiler/simplified-operator.h"
#include "src/compiler/type-cache.h"
#include "src/execution/frame-constants.h"
namespace v8 {
namespace internal {
namespace compiler {
#ifdef DEBUG
#define TRACE(...) \
do { \
if (FLAG_trace_turbo_escape) PrintF(__VA_ARGS__); \
} while (false)
#else
#define TRACE(...)
#endif // DEBUG
EscapeAnalysisReducer::EscapeAnalysisReducer(
Editor* editor, JSGraph* jsgraph, EscapeAnalysisResult analysis_result,
Zone* zone)
: AdvancedReducer(editor),
jsgraph_(jsgraph),
analysis_result_(analysis_result),
object_id_cache_(zone),
node_cache_(jsgraph->graph(), zone),
arguments_elements_(zone),
zone_(zone) {}
Reduction EscapeAnalysisReducer::ReplaceNode(Node* original,
Node* replacement) {
const VirtualObject* vobject =
analysis_result().GetVirtualObject(replacement);
if (replacement->opcode() == IrOpcode::kDead ||
(vobject && !vobject->HasEscaped())) {
RelaxEffectsAndControls(original);
return Replace(replacement);
}
Type const replacement_type = NodeProperties::GetType(replacement);
Type const original_type = NodeProperties::GetType(original);
if (replacement_type.Is(original_type)) {
RelaxEffectsAndControls(original);
return Replace(replacement);
}
// We need to guard the replacement if we would widen the type otherwise.
DCHECK_EQ(1, original->op()->EffectOutputCount());
DCHECK_EQ(1, original->op()->EffectInputCount());
DCHECK_EQ(1, original->op()->ControlInputCount());
Node* effect = NodeProperties::GetEffectInput(original);
Node* control = NodeProperties::GetControlInput(original);
original->TrimInputCount(0);
original->AppendInput(jsgraph()->zone(), replacement);
original->AppendInput(jsgraph()->zone(), effect);
original->AppendInput(jsgraph()->zone(), control);
NodeProperties::SetType(
original,
Type::Intersect(original_type, replacement_type, jsgraph()->zone()));
NodeProperties::ChangeOp(original,
jsgraph()->common()->TypeGuard(original_type));
ReplaceWithValue(original, original, original, control);
return NoChange();
}
namespace {
Node* SkipTypeGuards(Node* node) {
while (node->opcode() == IrOpcode::kTypeGuard) {
node = NodeProperties::GetValueInput(node, 0);
}
return node;
}
} // namespace
Node* EscapeAnalysisReducer::ObjectIdNode(const VirtualObject* vobject) {
VirtualObject::Id id = vobject->id();
if (id >= object_id_cache_.size()) object_id_cache_.resize(id + 1);
if (!object_id_cache_[id]) {
Node* node = jsgraph()->graph()->NewNode(jsgraph()->common()->ObjectId(id));
NodeProperties::SetType(node, Type::Object());
object_id_cache_[id] = node;
}
return object_id_cache_[id];
}
Reduction EscapeAnalysisReducer::Reduce(Node* node) {
if (Node* replacement = analysis_result().GetReplacementOf(node)) {
DCHECK(node->opcode() != IrOpcode::kAllocate &&
node->opcode() != IrOpcode::kFinishRegion);
DCHECK_NE(replacement, node);
return ReplaceNode(node, replacement);
}
switch (node->opcode()) {
case IrOpcode::kAllocate:
case IrOpcode::kTypeGuard: {
const VirtualObject* vobject = analysis_result().GetVirtualObject(node);
if (vobject && !vobject->HasEscaped()) {
RelaxEffectsAndControls(node);
}
return NoChange();
}
case IrOpcode::kFinishRegion: {
Node* effect = NodeProperties::GetEffectInput(node, 0);
if (effect->opcode() == IrOpcode::kBeginRegion) {
RelaxEffectsAndControls(effect);
RelaxEffectsAndControls(node);
}
return NoChange();
}
case IrOpcode::kNewArgumentsElements:
arguments_elements_.insert(node);
return NoChange();
default: {
// TODO(sigurds): Change this to GetFrameStateInputCount once
// it is working. For now we use EffectInputCount > 0 to determine
// whether a node might have a frame state input.
if (node->op()->EffectInputCount() > 0) {
ReduceFrameStateInputs(node);
}
return NoChange();
}
}
}
// While doing DFS on the FrameState tree, we have to recognize duplicate
// occurrences of virtual objects.
class Deduplicator {
public:
explicit Deduplicator(Zone* zone) : is_duplicate_(zone) {}
bool SeenBefore(const VirtualObject* vobject) {
VirtualObject::Id id = vobject->id();
if (id >= is_duplicate_.size()) {
is_duplicate_.resize(id + 1);
}
bool is_duplicate = is_duplicate_[id];
is_duplicate_[id] = true;
return is_duplicate;
}
private:
ZoneVector<bool> is_duplicate_;
};
void EscapeAnalysisReducer::ReduceFrameStateInputs(Node* node) {
DCHECK_GE(node->op()->EffectInputCount(), 1);
for (int i = 0; i < node->InputCount(); ++i) {
Node* input = node->InputAt(i);
if (input->opcode() == IrOpcode::kFrameState) {
Deduplicator deduplicator(zone());
if (Node* ret = ReduceDeoptState(input, node, &deduplicator)) {
node->ReplaceInput(i, ret);
}
}
}
}
Node* EscapeAnalysisReducer::ReduceDeoptState(Node* node, Node* effect,
Deduplicator* deduplicator) {
if (node->opcode() == IrOpcode::kFrameState) {
NodeHashCache::Constructor new_node(&node_cache_, node);
// This input order is important to match the DFS traversal used in the
// instruction selector. Otherwise, the instruction selector might find a
// duplicate node before the original one.
for (int input_id : {kFrameStateOuterStateInput, kFrameStateFunctionInput,
kFrameStateParametersInput, kFrameStateContextInput,
kFrameStateLocalsInput, kFrameStateStackInput}) {
Node* input = node->InputAt(input_id);
new_node.ReplaceInput(ReduceDeoptState(input, effect, deduplicator),
input_id);
}
return new_node.Get();
} else if (node->opcode() == IrOpcode::kStateValues) {
NodeHashCache::Constructor new_node(&node_cache_, node);
for (int i = 0; i < node->op()->ValueInputCount(); ++i) {
Node* input = NodeProperties::GetValueInput(node, i);
new_node.ReplaceValueInput(ReduceDeoptState(input, effect, deduplicator),
i);
}
return new_node.Get();
} else if (const VirtualObject* vobject =
analysis_result().GetVirtualObject(SkipTypeGuards(node))) {
if (vobject->HasEscaped()) return node;
if (deduplicator->SeenBefore(vobject)) {
return ObjectIdNode(vobject);
} else {
std::vector<Node*> inputs;
for (int offset = 0; offset < vobject->size(); offset += kTaggedSize) {
Node* field =
analysis_result().GetVirtualObjectField(vobject, offset, effect);
CHECK_NOT_NULL(field);
if (field != jsgraph()->Dead()) {
inputs.push_back(ReduceDeoptState(field, effect, deduplicator));
}
}
int num_inputs = static_cast<int>(inputs.size());
NodeHashCache::Constructor new_node(
&node_cache_,
jsgraph()->common()->ObjectState(vobject->id(), num_inputs),
num_inputs, &inputs.front(), NodeProperties::GetType(node));
return new_node.Get();
}
} else {
return node;
}
}
void EscapeAnalysisReducer::VerifyReplacement() const {
AllNodes all(zone(), jsgraph()->graph());
for (Node* node : all.reachable) {
if (node->opcode() == IrOpcode::kAllocate) {
if (const VirtualObject* vobject =
analysis_result().GetVirtualObject(node)) {
if (!vobject->HasEscaped()) {
FATAL("Escape analysis failed to remove node %s#%d\n",
node->op()->mnemonic(), node->id());
}
}
}
}
}
void EscapeAnalysisReducer::Finalize() {
for (Node* node : arguments_elements_) {
int mapped_count = NewArgumentsElementsMappedCountOf(node->op());
Node* arguments_frame = NodeProperties::GetValueInput(node, 0);
if (arguments_frame->opcode() != IrOpcode::kArgumentsFrame) continue;
Node* arguments_length = NodeProperties::GetValueInput(node, 1);
if (arguments_length->opcode() != IrOpcode::kArgumentsLength) continue;
// If mapped arguments are specified, then their number is always equal to
// the number of formal parameters. This allows to use just the three-value
// {ArgumentsStateType} enum because the deoptimizer can reconstruct the
// value of {mapped_count} from the number of formal parameters.
DCHECK_IMPLIES(
mapped_count != 0,
mapped_count == FormalParameterCountOf(arguments_length->op()));
ArgumentsStateType type = IsRestLengthOf(arguments_length->op())
? ArgumentsStateType::kRestParameter
: (mapped_count == 0)
? ArgumentsStateType::kUnmappedArguments
: ArgumentsStateType::kMappedArguments;
Node* arguments_length_state = nullptr;
for (Edge edge : arguments_length->use_edges()) {
Node* use = edge.from();
switch (use->opcode()) {
case IrOpcode::kObjectState:
case IrOpcode::kTypedObjectState:
case IrOpcode::kStateValues:
case IrOpcode::kTypedStateValues:
if (!arguments_length_state) {
arguments_length_state = jsgraph()->graph()->NewNode(
jsgraph()->common()->ArgumentsLengthState(type));
NodeProperties::SetType(arguments_length_state,
Type::OtherInternal());
}
edge.UpdateTo(arguments_length_state);
break;
default:
break;
}
}
bool escaping_use = false;
ZoneVector<Node*> loads(zone());
for (Edge edge : node->use_edges()) {
Node* use = edge.from();
if (!NodeProperties::IsValueEdge(edge)) continue;
if (use->use_edges().empty()) {
// A node without uses is dead, so we don't have to care about it.
continue;
}
switch (use->opcode()) {
case IrOpcode::kStateValues:
case IrOpcode::kTypedStateValues:
case IrOpcode::kObjectState:
case IrOpcode::kTypedObjectState:
break;
case IrOpcode::kLoadElement:
if (mapped_count == 0) {
loads.push_back(use);
} else {
escaping_use = true;
}
break;
case IrOpcode::kLoadField:
if (FieldAccessOf(use->op()).offset == FixedArray::kLengthOffset) {
loads.push_back(use);
} else {
escaping_use = true;
}
break;
default:
// If the arguments elements node node is used by an unhandled node,
// then we cannot remove this allocation.
escaping_use = true;
break;
}
if (escaping_use) break;
}
if (!escaping_use) {
Node* arguments_elements_state = jsgraph()->graph()->NewNode(
jsgraph()->common()->ArgumentsElementsState(type));
NodeProperties::SetType(arguments_elements_state, Type::OtherInternal());
ReplaceWithValue(node, arguments_elements_state);
for (Node* load : loads) {
switch (load->opcode()) {
case IrOpcode::kLoadElement: {
Node* index = NodeProperties::GetValueInput(load, 1);
// {offset} is a reverted index starting from 1. The base address is
// adapted to allow offsets starting from 1.
Node* offset = jsgraph()->graph()->NewNode(
jsgraph()->simplified()->NumberSubtract(), arguments_length,
index);
NodeProperties::SetType(offset,
TypeCache::Get()->kArgumentsLengthType);
NodeProperties::ReplaceValueInput(load, arguments_frame, 0);
NodeProperties::ReplaceValueInput(load, offset, 1);
NodeProperties::ChangeOp(
load, jsgraph()->simplified()->LoadStackArgument());
break;
}
case IrOpcode::kLoadField: {
DCHECK_EQ(FieldAccessOf(load->op()).offset,
FixedArray::kLengthOffset);
Node* length = NodeProperties::GetValueInput(node, 1);
ReplaceWithValue(load, length);
break;
}
default:
UNREACHABLE();
}
}
}
}
}
Node* NodeHashCache::Query(Node* node) {
auto it = cache_.find(node);
if (it != cache_.end()) {
return *it;
} else {
return nullptr;
}
}
NodeHashCache::Constructor::Constructor(NodeHashCache* cache,
const Operator* op, int input_count,
Node** inputs, Type type)
: node_cache_(cache), from_(nullptr) {
if (node_cache_->temp_nodes_.size() > 0) {
tmp_ = node_cache_->temp_nodes_.back();
node_cache_->temp_nodes_.pop_back();
int tmp_input_count = tmp_->InputCount();
if (input_count <= tmp_input_count) {
tmp_->TrimInputCount(input_count);
}
for (int i = 0; i < input_count; ++i) {
if (i < tmp_input_count) {
tmp_->ReplaceInput(i, inputs[i]);
} else {
tmp_->AppendInput(node_cache_->graph_->zone(), inputs[i]);
}
}
NodeProperties::ChangeOp(tmp_, op);
} else {
tmp_ = node_cache_->graph_->NewNode(op, input_count, inputs);
}
NodeProperties::SetType(tmp_, type);
}
Node* NodeHashCache::Constructor::Get() {
DCHECK(tmp_ || from_);
Node* node;
if (!tmp_) {
node = node_cache_->Query(from_);
if (!node) node = from_;
} else {
node = node_cache_->Query(tmp_);
if (node) {
node_cache_->temp_nodes_.push_back(tmp_);
} else {
node = tmp_;
node_cache_->Insert(node);
}
}
tmp_ = from_ = nullptr;
return node;
}
Node* NodeHashCache::Constructor::MutableNode() {
DCHECK(tmp_ || from_);
if (!tmp_) {
if (node_cache_->temp_nodes_.empty()) {
tmp_ = node_cache_->graph_->CloneNode(from_);
} else {
tmp_ = node_cache_->temp_nodes_.back();
node_cache_->temp_nodes_.pop_back();
int from_input_count = from_->InputCount();
int tmp_input_count = tmp_->InputCount();
if (from_input_count <= tmp_input_count) {
tmp_->TrimInputCount(from_input_count);
}
for (int i = 0; i < from_input_count; ++i) {
if (i < tmp_input_count) {
tmp_->ReplaceInput(i, from_->InputAt(i));
} else {
tmp_->AppendInput(node_cache_->graph_->zone(), from_->InputAt(i));
}
}
NodeProperties::SetType(tmp_, NodeProperties::GetType(from_));
NodeProperties::ChangeOp(tmp_, from_->op());
}
}
return tmp_;
}
#undef TRACE
} // namespace compiler
} // namespace internal
} // namespace v8
``` |
```javascript
'use strict';
// This test is to assert that we can SIGINT a script which loops forever.
// Ref(http):
// groups.google.com/group/nodejs-dev/browse_thread/thread/e20f2f8df0296d3f
const common = require('../common');
const assert = require('assert');
const spawn = require('child_process').spawn;
console.log('start');
const c = spawn(process.execPath, ['-e', 'while(true) { console.log("hi"); }']);
let sentKill = false;
c.stdout.on('data', function(s) {
// Prevent race condition:
// Wait for the first bit of output from the child process
// so that we're sure that it's in the V8 event loop and not
// just in the startup phase of execution.
if (!sentKill) {
c.kill('SIGINT');
console.log('SIGINT infinite-loop.js');
sentKill = true;
}
});
c.on('exit', common.mustCall(function(code) {
assert.ok(code !== 0);
console.log('killed infinite-loop.js');
}));
process.on('exit', function() {
assert.ok(sentKill);
});
``` |
Greg Pleasants-Tate (born 12 May 1991) is a New Zealand rugby union player who has played as a hooker for Bay of Plenty, North Harbour, Auckland, Canterbury and Southland in New Zealand's domestic Mitre 10 Cup and the Blues and Highlanders in the international Super Rugby competition.
Early career
Born in Whanganui, a city on the west coast of New Zealand's North Island, Pleasants-Tate moved north during his schooling and was educated at Takapuna Grammar School on the North Shore of Auckland where he played first XV rugby while also turning out for at age-group level.
Senior career
Despite coming through the youth ranks at North Harbour, Pleasants-Tate made his senior ITM Cup debut with the Steamers during the 2011 season. He played 2 seasons of rugby in Rotorua and notched up 11 appearances before switching back to Harbour in 2013 where he played all 10 games in a dismal campaign for the men from Auckland's North Shore in which they would finish bottom of the Championship table.
2014 was not a great season for North Harbour, finishing 5th on the Championship log, however Pleasants-Tate put in some strong performances in the number 1 jersey, starting all 10 games during the regular season and scoring 2 tries. That would prove to be his final season in North Shore City and he made the short move to join ITM Cup Premiership side for the 2015 ITM Cup. He played 10 times as a hooker for Auckland in his first year with them as they reached the Premiership final before losing out 25–23 to . 2016 did not prove to be as strong a year for either party, with ending up 5th in the Premiership table, outside of the playoff places and injury holding Pleasants-Tate back in the latter part of the season and restricting him to just 6 appearances during which time he managed to score 3 tries.
Super Rugby
Four seasons of solid performances at domestic level saw him finally earn a crack at Super Rugby when the Auckland-based named him in their wider training group for the 2015 Super Rugby season. Able to cover both number 1 and 2 jerseys, but having played the previous domestic season as a hooker for Auckland, Pleasants-Tate had to vie with Matt Moulds to provide back up to All Blacks; Keven Mealamu and James Parsons and subsequently only made 1 substitute appearance against the during what would be his only season with the Blues.
Now focusing almost exclusively on playing hooker, Pleasants-Tate found himself surplus to requirements with the Blues and moved south to Dunedin ahead of the 2016 Super Rugby season to take a place as a member of the wider training group, providing cover for Liam Coltman and Ash Dixon, the franchise's 2 established hookers. The Highlanders were defending Super Rugby champions in 2016, but were unable to hold on to their crown, losing out to the in Johannesburg in the competition's semi-finals. However, Pleasants-Tate, had a productive year and made 7 substitute appearances.
Tony Brown replaced the -bound Jamie Joseph as Highlanders head-coach ahead of the 2017 season and he retained Pleasants-Tate in the squad for the year.
International career
Pleasants-Tate was a member of the New Zealand Under-20 side which won the 2011 IRB Junior World Championship in Italy, playing 2 times and scoring 1 try.
Career Honours
New Zealand Under-20
IRB Junior World Championship - 2011
Super Rugby Statistics
References
1991 births
Living people
New Zealand rugby union players
Rugby union props
Rugby union hookers
Bay of Plenty rugby union players
North Harbour rugby union players
Auckland rugby union players
Blues (Super Rugby) players
Highlanders (rugby union) players
People educated at Takapuna Grammar School
Rugby union players from Whanganui
Canterbury rugby union players
Southland rugby union players |
The men's pole vault event at the 1987 Summer Universiade was held at the Stadion Maksimir in Zagreb on 15 July 1987.
Results
References
Athletics at the 1987 Summer Universiade
1987 |
José Pablo Fonseca Díaz (born November 25, 1973) is a retired Costa Rican footballer.
Club career
Fonseca had played almost his entire career for Saprissa, where he debuted at the young age of 18 years. He was also played for other Costa Rican teams such as A.D. Belén, Municipal Liberia and C.S. Cartaginés, only to return to Saprissa three years ago when asked by coach Hernan Medford.
With Saprissa, Fonseca won five national championships and three CONCACAF Champions' Cup. He was also part of the squad that played the 2005 FIFA Club World Championship Toyota Cup, where Saprissa finished third behind São Paulo and Liverpool. That makes him one of the most title-winning soccer players in Costa Rica's and Saprissa's history.
He retired in June 2010 when at Ramonense.
International career
Fonseca made his debut for Costa Rica in a November 1996 friendly match against Panama and has earned a total of 4 caps, scoring 0 goals. He has represented his country in 1 FIFA World Cup qualification match
His final international was an August 2000 friendly match against Venezuela.
References
External links
1973 births
Living people
Men's association football defenders
Costa Rican men's footballers
Costa Rica men's international footballers
Deportivo Saprissa players
Belén F.C. players
A.D. Municipal Liberia footballers
C.S. Cartaginés players
La U Universitarios footballers
Liga FPD players
Central American and Caribbean Games gold medalists for Costa Rica
Competitors at the 1993 Central American and Caribbean Games
Central American and Caribbean Games medalists in football |
```javascript
Using the double tilde `~~`
Setting the length of an array
`NaN` is a number
Avoid using `with`
Detect **DO NOT TRACK** status
``` |
```python
import email.utils
import mimetypes
from .packages import six
def guess_content_type(filename, default='application/octet-stream'):
"""
Guess the "Content-Type" of a file.
:param filename:
The filename to guess the "Content-Type" of using :mod:`mimetypes`.
:param default:
If no "Content-Type" can be guessed, default to `default`.
"""
if filename:
return mimetypes.guess_type(filename)[0] or default
return default
def format_header_param(name, value):
"""
Helper function to format and quote a single header parameter.
Particularly useful for header parameters which might contain
non-ASCII values, like file names. This follows RFC 2231, as
suggested by RFC 2388 Section 4.4.
:param name:
The name of the parameter, a string expected to be ASCII only.
:param value:
The value of the parameter, provided as a unicode string.
"""
if not any(ch in value for ch in '"\\\r\n'):
result = '%s="%s"' % (name, value)
try:
result.encode('ascii')
except UnicodeEncodeError:
pass
else:
return result
if not six.PY3: # Python 2:
value = value.encode('utf-8')
value = email.utils.encode_rfc2231(value, 'utf-8')
value = '%s*=%s' % (name, value)
return value
class RequestField(object):
"""
A data container for request body parameters.
:param name:
The name of this request field.
:param data:
The data/value body.
:param filename:
An optional filename of the request field.
:param headers:
An optional dict-like object of headers to initially use for the field.
"""
def __init__(self, name, data, filename=None, headers=None):
self._name = name
self._filename = filename
self.data = data
self.headers = {}
if headers:
self.headers = dict(headers)
@classmethod
def from_tuples(cls, fieldname, value):
"""
A :class:`~urllib3.fields.RequestField` factory from old-style tuple parameters.
Supports constructing :class:`~urllib3.fields.RequestField` from
parameter of key/value strings AND key/filetuple. A filetuple is a
(filename, data, MIME type) tuple where the MIME type is optional.
For example::
'foo': 'bar',
'fakefile': ('foofile.txt', 'contents of foofile'),
'realfile': ('barfile.txt', open('realfile').read()),
'typedfile': ('bazfile.bin', open('bazfile').read(), 'image/jpeg'),
'nonamefile': 'contents of nonamefile field',
Field names and filenames must be unicode.
"""
if isinstance(value, tuple):
if len(value) == 3:
filename, data, content_type = value
else:
filename, data = value
content_type = guess_content_type(filename)
else:
filename = None
content_type = None
data = value
request_param = cls(fieldname, data, filename=filename)
request_param.make_multipart(content_type=content_type)
return request_param
def _render_part(self, name, value):
"""
Overridable helper function to format a single header parameter.
:param name:
The name of the parameter, a string expected to be ASCII only.
:param value:
The value of the parameter, provided as a unicode string.
"""
return format_header_param(name, value)
def _render_parts(self, header_parts):
"""
Helper function to format and quote a single header.
Useful for single headers that are composed of multiple items. E.g.,
'Content-Disposition' fields.
:param header_parts:
A sequence of (k, v) typles or a :class:`dict` of (k, v) to format
as `k1="v1"; k2="v2"; ...`.
"""
parts = []
iterable = header_parts
if isinstance(header_parts, dict):
iterable = header_parts.items()
for name, value in iterable:
if value:
parts.append(self._render_part(name, value))
return '; '.join(parts)
def render_headers(self):
"""
Renders the headers for this request field.
"""
lines = []
sort_keys = ['Content-Disposition', 'Content-Type', 'Content-Location']
for sort_key in sort_keys:
if self.headers.get(sort_key, False):
lines.append('%s: %s' % (sort_key, self.headers[sort_key]))
for header_name, header_value in self.headers.items():
if header_name not in sort_keys:
if header_value:
lines.append('%s: %s' % (header_name, header_value))
lines.append('\r\n')
return '\r\n'.join(lines)
def make_multipart(self, content_disposition=None, content_type=None,
content_location=None):
"""
Makes this request field into a multipart request field.
This method overrides "Content-Disposition", "Content-Type" and
"Content-Location" headers to the request parameter.
:param content_type:
The 'Content-Type' of the request body.
:param content_location:
The 'Content-Location' of the request body.
"""
self.headers['Content-Disposition'] = content_disposition or 'form-data'
self.headers['Content-Disposition'] += '; '.join([
'', self._render_parts(
(('name', self._name), ('filename', self._filename))
)
])
self.headers['Content-Type'] = content_type
self.headers['Content-Location'] = content_location
``` |
```javascript
/**
* @license Apache-2.0
*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
'use strict';
// MODULES //
var addon = require( './../src/addon.node' );
// MAIN //
/**
* Computes the complete elliptic integral of the first kind.
*
* @private
* @param {number} m - input value
* @returns {number} evaluated elliptic integral
*
* @example
* var v = ellipk( 0.5 );
* // returns ~1.854
*
* v = ellipk( 2.0 );
* // returns NaN
*
* v = ellipk( -1.0 );
* // returns ~1.311
*
* v = ellipk( Infinity );
* // returns NaN
*
* v = ellipk( -Infinity );
* // returns NaN
*
* v = ellipk( NaN );
* // returns NaN
*/
function ellipk( m ) {
return addon( m );
}
// EXPORTS //
module.exports = ellipk;
``` |
Dirty Thirty is a greatest hits album by Australian rock band The Screaming Jets, released on 10 May 2019. The album celebrates the 30th anniversary of the band's formation and includes tracks from the band's first seven studio albums.
The album will be supported by a national tour commencing in Newcastle on 3 May and concluding in Adelaide on 25 May.
Track listing
CD1
CD2
Release history
References
2019 greatest hits albums
The Screaming Jets albums
Sony Music Australia albums
Compilation albums by Australian artists |
```javascript
'use strict';
const home = require('../home.js');
module.exports = function (stamp) {
return {
allow: home(stamp),
note: 'seems not compatible with freebsd network headers',
};
};
``` |
The Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center (Государственный космический научно-производственный центр (ГКНПЦ) имени М. В. Хру́ничева in Russian) is a Moscow-based manufacturer of spacecraft and space-launch systems, including the Proton and Rokot rockets, and the Russian modules of Mir and the International Space Station.
The company's history dates back to 1916, when an automobile factory was established at Fili, western suburb of Moscow. It soon switched production to airplanes and during World War II produced Ilyushin Il-4 and Tupolev Tu-2 bombers. A design bureau, OKB-23, was added to the company in 1951. In 1959, the company started developing intercontinental ballistic missiles, and later spacecraft and space launch vehicles. The company designed and produced all Soviet space stations, including Mir.
OKB-23, renamed to Salyut Design Bureau, became an independent company in 1988. In 1993, the Khrunichev Plant and the Salyut Design Bureau were joined again to form Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center. In the 1990s, the company entered the International Launch Services joint-venture to market launches on its Proton rocket. Khrunichev subsequently became a successful launch service provider on the international space launch market.
The company had around 2010 an over 30% market share of the global space launch market, and its revenue from commercial space launches in 2009 was $584 million. It is named after Mikhail Khrunichev, a Soviet minister.
Current number of employees is about 43,500.
History
Beginnings
Khrunichev's history dates back to April 1916, when an automobile factory called Second "Russo-Balt" automobile plant was established at Fili, western suburb of Moscow. The first cars of the Russo-Balt brand were produced there in 1922. The next year, the factory switched to producing Ju-20 and Ju-21 aircraft for the German company Junkers. It was renamed State Aircraft Plant No. 7. The development of a Russian aircraft industry started soon after. In 1926, this became Zavod 22, where the aircraft of Andrey Tupolev were developed. During World War II, the plant produced Russian-designed Ilyushin Il-4 and Tu-2 long-range bombers. This factory later became the Khrunichev Machine Building Plant.
Soviet era
In 1951 the Experimental Design Bureau No. 23 (OKB-23) headed by V. Myasishchev was created and added to Khrunichev. In the 1950s, it designed the Myasishchev M-4, Myasishchev M-50 and Myasishchev M-52 planes, among others. The Khrunichev plant was responsible for manufacturing OKB-23 designs.
In 1959, the company's focus switched from aircraft to rocket technology, in accordance with a government decision. In the 1960s, Khrunichev and OKB-23 were subordinated to Vladimir Chelomey's OKB-52 (later renamed to TsKBM, today NPO Mashinostroyeniya).
Under the OKB-52 leadership, OKB-23 started to design intercontinental ballistic missiles. Its first designs were the UR-200, which never flew, followed by the successful UR-100 family of missiles. In 1962, the design process of the UR-500 super-heavy ICBM was started. This later evolved into the Proton space launch vehicle in 1964. The first Proton rocket was launched on 16 July 1965.
In 1966 OKB-52 was renamed the Central Design Bureau of Machine-Building (TsKBM), and OKB-23 became known as the Fili Branch of TsKBM. It was split off from TsKBM in the late 1970s, and renamed the Salyut Design Bureau, or KB Salyut for short. In 1981–1988, KB Salyut was part of the large NPO Energiya company, and become an independent design bureau in 1988. The partnership with Khrunichev Machine-Building plant continued through all this time.
KB Salyut and Khrunichev were responsible for designing and producing all Soviet space stations, including Salyut, Almaz and Mir, as well as every heavy-weight module used for these stations.
Post-1991 adjustments
The dissolution of the Soviet Union resulted in great difficulties for the Russian space industry. Over the years 1989–1999, the country's space budget dropped by 88% and established production cooperation chains disintegrated. Both Khrunichev and the Salyut Design Bureau, which were now separate companies, attempted to remedy the situation by seeking earning possibilities abroad. Salyut managed to win a contract for producing the 12KRB booster for the Indian GSLV rocket and entered an agreement with Daimler Benz Aerospace to develop a recoverable capsule used for experiments in the German-Japanese Express project.
At this time, the Proton launch vehicle proved as the most profitable product for both companies. The Khrunichev plant signed a $156 million contract to launch 21 Iridium satellites on three Proton-K rockets in 1997–1998. Salyut managed to sign only one contract for launching the Inmarsat-3 F satellite with Proton-K at the low price of $36 million. Both companies attempted to enter partnerships with foreign companies to market Proton launches.
The situation where two companies, the design bureau and the factory, competed with each other to sell the same product proved problematic. To solve this, on 7 June 1993, President of Russia Boris Yeltsin issued a decree to merge Khrunichev and Salyut, forming the company Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center. The new company's status was unique in that it was not subordinate to any ministries or to the Russian Space Agency. Vladimir Kirillov, writing for the Eksport Vooruzheniy journal, speculates that this was because Yeltsin's daughter Tatyana Dyachenko, who had worked at Salyut and continued to work for Khrunichev until 1994, wished to secure a high status for her employer.
Success on the international launch market
On 15 April 1993 Khrunichev had created the Lockheed-Khrunichev-Energia joint venture with the American company Lockheed, and in 1995, due to the merger of Lockheed and Martin Marietta, it was transformed into International Launch Services (ILS). The joint venture marketed launches on both the Proton and the American Atlas rockets. The United States had given permission for the appearance of Proton on the international launch market, but introduced a quota to protect the launch market from "Russian dumping." Despite this, the Proton, built by Khrunichev, was successful and by the end of 2000 had earned launch contracts worth over $1.5 billion.
The income from commercial launch contracts and investments from Lockheed enabled Khrunichev to conduct a serious upgrade of its facilities. This included an upgrade of the company's launch facilities in Baikonur, for which several hundred million dollars were invested. The commercial earnings also allowed the company to develop new launch vehicles, boosters and spacecraft on its own without government support. Since its creation, International Launch Services has signed contracts for more than 100 launches valued at more than $8 billion.
In 1998, Khrunichev was made subordinate to the Russian Space Agency, then called Rosaviakosmos. Khrunichev resisted the move for a long time, and managed to prevent the agency from installing its own leadership in the company.
One disadvantage for Khrunichev was that the Blok DM upper stage, used by Proton, was manufactured by the company RSC Energia, and Khrunichev had to pay 40% of its launch revenue for its usage. Due to this, in 1996–1998, Khrunichev started the development of its own upper stage, called the Briz-KM. Partly because of funding difficulties, the development process was slow and Briz-KM experienced several failures in its early days. After a Briz-M failure prevented the AMC-14 satellite from reaching its designated orbit, several modifications were made in this upper stage.
Integration programme
In the 2000s, Khrunichev entered a vertical integration programme to bring its principal suppliers under a single management. For this purpose, Khrunichev absorbed the following companies:
PO Polyot, a rocket manufacturer located in Omsk
Proton-PM, an engine maker located in Perm
Voronezh Mechanical Plant, which manufactures engines for Proton Stages II and III, Soyuz Stage III and Zenit upper stage
KBKhM, manufacturer of propulsion systems for the Breeze upper stage located in Korolyov
KBKhA, a contractor for production and design issues located in Voronezh
As of 2010, the integration had resulted in the share of in-house production for Proton and the Breeze upper stage rising from 30% to 65% of the product value.
Structure
Companies of the Khrunichev Space Center:
Salyut Design Bureau
Space Rocket Plant
Space Hardware Operation Plant (ZERKT)
Armatura Design Bureau
Khrunichev Telecom
Space Systems Research and Development Institute
Medical Equipment and Consumer Goods Division
Voronezh Mechanical Plant
Polyot Production Corporation
Isayev Chemical Engineering Design Bureau
Ust-Katav Carriage Plant Named for S.M. Kirov (UKVZ)
Production
Khrunichev's main product is the Proton rocket, which has been launched more than 350 times since its creation in 1968. Latest version of the venerable rocket, which has been subject to several incremental upgrades, is Proton-M Enhanced; it has a lifting capability of 6,150 kg to geostationary transfer orbit. For use as Proton's upper stage, Khrunichev produces Briz-M, which first flew in 2000. Rockot, a converted ballistic missile, is offered for launching smaller payloads. For international marketing of Rockot launches, Khrunichev has created the joint-venture Eurockot GmbH. Another version of the Briz-M upper stage, Briz-KM, is used as Rockot's third stage.
In 2009, the company manufactured a total of 25 launch vehicles, upper stage boosters and spacecraft, while in 2005 the figure was 11. In 2010, Khrunichev aims to raise the figure to 30.
A record 15 rockets were launched by the company in 2009. In 2008, the company was responsible for lofting every third kilogram of the world's combined satellite payload.
Revenue
Khrunichev's revenue from commercial launches (not including launches for the Ministry of Defense) in 2009 was $584 million—growing considerably from the $198 million figure in 2004. Since 1994, Proton has earned $4.3 billion for the Russian space industry as a whole, and in 2011 this figure is expected to raise to $6 billion.
In 2006–2009, investments in modernization and retooling amounted to RUB 2.6 billion.
Angara rocket family
Since 1995, Khrunichev has been developing the Angara rocket family. The main purpose of Angara is to ensure Russia's independent access to space, as the rockets can be launched from the Plesetsk Cosmodrome in northern Russia as well as the upcoming Vostochny Cosmodrome, instead of having to rely on Baikonur Cosmodrome, which is located on the territory of Kazakhstan. Angara also does not use the toxic fuel that is used by Proton. The Angara programme has been hit by several delays. State funding started to reach appropriate levels only in 2005. In 2009, it was estimated that Angara had 95–97% completion rate over all major program indicators. The main stumbling block is the construction of the new launch pad in Plesetsk. Due to unrealistic deflator indices set by the Ministry of Defense, Khrunichev has not received enough money to order all necessary equipment for finishing the pad, pushing Angara's expected first flight to 2013. When completed, the Angara rockets are intended to replace several existing launchers, including Proton.
List of rockets and missiles
Angara
Briz-M
Universal Rocket
UR-100
UR-100N
Rokot
Strela
UR-200
UR-500 – Proton rocket family
Proton-K
Proton-M
See also
TKS-based spacecraft
United Rocket and Space Corporation
National Space Centre (Moscow)
References
External links
Khrunichev web-site
Khrunichev State Space Scientific Production Center at the Nuclear Threat Initiative
http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/economics/staff/faculty/harrison/vpk/data/
Article on USAF Aggressors by Khrunichev Director Vasiliy Sechev
Soviet and Russian space institutions
Aerospace companies of the Soviet Union
Federal State Unitary Enterprises of Russia
Aircraft manufacturers of the Soviet Union
Rocket engine manufacturers of Russia
Roscosmos divisions and subsidiaries
Companies based in Moscow |
```javascript
declare export default var a: number
``` |
```javascript
/*
*
*/
import React from "react";
import { createRoot } from "react-dom/client";
import { hashHistory, Route, Switch, HashRouter } from "react-router-dom";
import Scroll from "react-scroll";
import { StickyContainer } from "react-sticky";
import { ThemeProvider } from "@material-ui/styles";
import Grid from "@material-ui/core/Grid";
import { common } from "@material-ui/core/colors";
import MenuBar from "./components/menubar";
import Docs from "./components/docs";
import theme from "./components/megadrafttheme";
import Example from "./components/example";
import Header from "./components/header";
import { highlightCode } from "./components/highlightCode";
import LetsRockArrow from "./components/icons/arrow-down";
import ToggleButton from "./components/toggleButton";
const LinkScroll = Scroll.Link;
const scroller = Scroll.scroller;
class Page extends React.Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
this.state = {
content: true
};
}
componentDidMount() {
highlightCode(this);
}
componentDidUpdate() {
highlightCode(this);
scroller.scrollTo("appbar", { duration: 300 });
}
handleClick = () => {
if (this.state.content) {
highlightCode(this);
this.setState({
content: !this.state.content
});
} else {
highlightCode(this);
this.setState({
content: !this.state.content
});
}
};
render() {
const { content } = this.state;
const menuBarBackground = content ? common.white : common.black;
const toggleButtonColor = content ? "inherit" : "yellow";
const toggleButtonContent = content ? "VIEW CONTENT JSON" : "EDITOR";
const exampleBlockClassName = content ? "" : "container--dark";
return (
<ThemeProvider theme={theme}>
<Header />
<StickyContainer>
<LinkScroll
className="hero__call-to-action"
to="appbar"
spy={true}
smooth={true}
duration={600}
>
LET'S ROCK
<div className="hero__arrow-call-to-action">
<LetsRockArrow />
</div>
</LinkScroll>
<MenuBar showLeft={!!content} background={menuBarBackground}>
<Grid container justify="flex-end">
<ToggleButton
onClick={this.handleClick}
color={toggleButtonColor}
>
{toggleButtonContent}
</ToggleButton>
</Grid>
</MenuBar>
<div className={exampleBlockClassName}>
<Example activeContent={content} />
</div>
</StickyContainer>
</ThemeProvider>
);
}
}
const root = createRoot(document.getElementById("react-container"));
root.render(
<HashRouter history={hashHistory}>
<Switch>
<Route path="/docs/:doc" component={Docs} />
<Route path="/" component={Page} exact />
</Switch>
</HashRouter>
);
/* global hljs */
hljs.initHighlightingOnLoad();
if (process.env.NODE_ENV === "production") {
(function(i, s, o, g, r, a, m) {
i["GoogleAnalyticsObject"] = r;
(i[r] =
i[r] ||
function() {
(i[r].q = i[r].q || []).push(arguments);
}),
(i[r].l = 1 * new Date());
(a = s.createElement(o)), (m = s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0]);
a.async = 1;
a.src = g;
m.parentNode.insertBefore(a, m);
})(
window,
document,
"script",
"path_to_url",
"ga"
);
/* global ga */
ga("create", "UA-77313227-1", "auto");
ga("send", "pageview");
}
``` |
The Eglinton Castle estate was situated at Irvine, on the outskirts of Kilwinning, North Ayrshire, Scotland (map reference NS 3227 42200) in the former district of Cunninghame. Eglinton Castle, was once home to the Montgomeries, Earls of Eglinton and chiefs of the Clan Montgomery. Eglinton Country Park now occupies part of the site.
A dense network of mineral railway lines existed in the 19th and 20th centuries; the trackbed now being used as cycle paths in several places. A complex set of collieries, coal pits, tile works, fire-clay works and workers villages are evident from records such as OS maps. Little now remains of the buildings and railway lines, apart from at Lady Ha' Colliery, but irregular depressions in the ground, embankments, cuttings, coal bings and abandoned bridges all bear witness to what was at one time a very active coalfield with associated industries and infrastructure.
Oil
In the 1860s records for the Perceton freight line show that shale oil was being transported from Fergushill pit to West Lothian.
Coal mining
The coal seams
McMichael records that nine coal seams underlie the Parish of Kilwinning, their names and dimensions from top to bottom being : Five-quarter coal, ; parrot coal, ; turf coal, ; wee coal, No.1, ; lady ha' coal, ; ell coal, ; stone coal, ; wee coal No.2, ; and main coal, .
Early coal exploration in the area
Apart from direct involvement in the provision of coal from their own estates the earls provided loans to others, such as to Robert Cunninghame of Auchenharvie who developed extensive coal mining operations in the Barony of Stevenston. The results were variable, however the Earls did obtain some new lands, rents, tolls and other benefits.
The earliest form of coal mining was at what was called adits or in Scotland, 'ingaun e'es' (ingoing eyes), in which exposed coal was mined through the coal seam itself. These were typically in places such as valleys where erosion had exposed the coal veins.
At first in the 16th century, peat, charcoal or timber were the preferred fuels and only when they were in short supply was coal actively sought. The Eglinton Estate papers record details of tenants petitioning for coal to be provided, however the cost involved and the farmers lack of ability to pay often made such mining uneconomic. In the 17th century dwindling supplies of other fuels and demand from developing towns in Ireland led to coal mining becoming economically viable and sometimes highly remunerative.
The Doura pits had been worked at the time of Mary Queen of Scots (1542–1587), when they had supplied coal to the Palace of Holyrood and Edinburgh Castle. It was later abandoned on being flooded. This is not as unlikely as it seems because the mining methods of the time had exhausted the known accessible coal stocks and that their existed an "exhorbitant dearth and scantness of fewale within the Realme". In the 18th century and before, Dowra (sic), was a 'household word' in the district due to the excellent quality of the coal it produced.
Coal workings and wastes at Monkridding near Kilwinning were recorded by Timothy Pont in 1608, extending between 50 and , associated with the limestone.
In the 1660s coal mining activities intensified on the Eglinton estates, partly to supply the needs of the Irish who had none. Coal heughs were shallow pits and in 1686 they had been sunk at Doura and Armsheugh, the coal being taken down to Irvine via the Drukken Steps or via Stanecastle.
The Earls demanded extremely high rents for their coal mines and they did not work the Fergushill pits as they were required for the 'use of the House of Eglinton'. This policy may have been to conserve their coal supplies and it resulted in high prices and a shortage.
Charles Sherriff was sub-factor to the 10th Earl between 1759 and 1761 and coal manager during the 1760s. At Fergushill Provost William McTaggart paid £2000 Scots for twenty coal hewers in the 18th century.
In 1771 the Earl had a pit and feued an 'avenue from the Circle at the Mains down to the river' from Irvine Burgh. He had permission to build roads, waggonways, breastworks, and coal rees on the river side.
In 1808 William Aiton recorded coal mining at Eglinton, Doura, and Sourlie.
John Smith in 1895 records the remains of an old lade, which supplied water to drive a wheel wherewith the old coal-pits used to be drained. This was an early example of the use of water-gins (water-wheels) to help drain mines.
The Eglinton Colliery was the main centre for the earls coal operations in the 18th century, however it was flooded when miners broke into old waste at Fergushill in 1747; Millburn Colliery was also operated at this time. 28 hewers were employed at the time. Agents worked Redburn and Fergushill until these were laid up in 1790.
In 1872 the 14th Earl, Archibald William, took in £9,500 a year from mineral royalties, around £900,000 in modern terms (2009); he collected an additional £37,000 a year from rents, worth around £2,500,000 in 2009.
Coal pits
Many of the small pits were mined and formed by the bell pit method which had a vertical shaft, followed by the horizontal removal of coal and finally an infilling with material from another bell pit. Eventually these partly back-filled pits collapsed and formed dry or more usually flooded bell shaped pits; this method ofmining was only possible where coal was close to the surface. The term pit continued to be used for more complex mining sites and generally referred to each shaft.
The 10th Earl had sunk bell pits in Kyleshill Street in Saltcoats in 1759-60. The wives and daughters had carried out the coal hewed by the men up ladders on their backs. A local poet had written:
{| cellpadding=10 border="0" align=center
|-
| bgcolor=#f4f4f4|
"Sair back and sair bones
Trudgin' mony a mile
Sad is the darg o'women folksOn the weary Hill o'Kyle."|}
A Dr. Duguid was the doctor for the Doura pit in the 18th century and recorded that when the flooded pit was drained, William Ralston, the ganger, found the old workmen's tools and their bones at the coal face. In the 18th century another disaster took place at Doura after heavy frosts had loosened the pit soil and the pit supports gave way. Pate Brogildy from the Redboiler survived, however he later had his arm ripped off at the shoulder blade by the flywheel of the pit steam engine. He survived as the twisting motion of the 'amputation' had sealed the arteries. Willie Forgisal (Fergushill?) of Torranyard had his leg amputated above the knee. James Jamphrey from Corsehill was killed instantly.
A William Forgisal (Fergushill) of Torranyard was a miner at the Doura Pit in the 18th century. He lost his leg in a mining accident, as had his father. William's wife was a tough sort, her comment being on seeing him so encumbered, was that the Forgisals would need a small plantation of their own to keep them in crutches.
The Statistical Account records that the coals at Doura were ell and stone-coals. Easter Doura mine employed 12 – 16 colliers and was owned by Lord Lisle and was leased by him for £140 per annum in the 18th century.
In 1725 the Earl of Eglinton was granted a 57 year tack from Patrick Warner to work coal within the lands of Dovecothall (Ardeer) and Piperheugh. In 1774 Patrick Warner and Robert Reid Cunningham signed a mutual agreement to work coal on the lands of Ardeer and Pyperheugh (sic).
John and George Taylor, sons of a lawyer, are recorded as having held leases for coal mines at Bartonholm and Doura in the early 19th century.
The Corsehillmuir pits were located near Corsehillhead and Five roads; a number of other pits were located nearby and at Buckreddan, off the Bannoch road. Moncur pit was rail served and located near Mid Moncur farm. Numerous coal pits were present in the Doura, Benslie, Auchenwinsey and Sourlie areas.
Coal pits were located ar Redburn near Redburn House and at Dykehead near the confluence of the Garnock and the Lugton Water. These pits were joined to the rail network via the line at Dirrans.
In 1856 a pit was located at South Millburn with an associated pit cottage, however by 1881 the pit had closed. The levelled bing or spoil heap is still apparent in the nearby field.
Eglinton Collieries
The 1856 OS map shows 28 pits in the vicinity of Irvine, but only 12 by 1874.
A colliery is a coal mine together with its physical plant and outbuildings. It differs from a pit in the degree of complexity and sophistication; by inference the term is used for coal mines established from the time of the industrial revolution onwards.
Eglinton No.10 was also known as Corsehillhead; Knox's; Lady Gardener; and Pyetbog. It produced Ladyha', Ell and Wee coal, being abandoned in 1900. Fergushills nos 29 and 30 (named Montgomeryfield after a miner who died at the mine) were near Sourlie Hill roundabout; Fergushills nos 28 & 26 (Sourlie), the 'Happy Home' were near the Draught Burn and closed on 15 July 1921 (the bings survive). Fergushill 28's railway culvert for the Draught Burn survives; the burn has however changed course. 100 men were employed here; Fergushill no 22, the 'Diamond', was at Chapelholms (the bings survive), abandoned 1889; Fergushill 23, also called the 'Happy Home', was near no 22;
Shipmill no 3 was near Sourlie, opened in the mid 1930s and closed on 13 October 1945; Fergushill no 17, Rover, was near Chapelholms Wood (bings survive), abandoned 1921; Fergushill (Holm) no 23 was near North Millburn farm (the bings survive).
Moncur no 4 & no 5 were near Eglinton Kennels (bings survive), abandoned 1919; Ladyha no 1 was at the Bannoch Road; Ladyha no 2 was at Lady Ha' (substantial remains); and Eglinton no 1, Lady Sophia (name after the 14th Earl's eldest daughter, opened in 1883 & closed 1930), was near the hospital; Redburn closed in 1930. Eglinton colliery and Ladyha no 1 were situated near Buckreddan, just off the Bannoch Road. Redstone colliery was located near Kenneth's castle towards Bridgend. A colliery was present at Bartonholm, closed by Bairds in 1928; Bogside closed in 1929. Other collieries were at Stobbs, Monkridden, and Seven Acres (Snacres).
The Diamond pit (Fergushill no 22) explains the modern name 'Diamond Bridge' which is given to Chapelholms bridge and the name 'Diamond Lodge' which may have been the now demolished Chapel cottage. Black Diamond was a favourite horse of one of the Earls.
The Statistical Account records that the coals at Doura were main and stone-coals. Laigh Fergus-hill (sic) mine was owned by Mr McDowal and was leased by him for £100 per annum in the 18th century. Eglinton Colliery was flooded for some years after miners broke into an old waste at Fergushill in November 1747. The early mines were laid up in the 1790s.
Ladyha No 2 colliery
The colliery infrastructure consisted of: 1 – Downcast shaft & winding engine house; 2 – upcast shaft and winding engine/cum pump house; 3 – engineer's and blacksmith's shops; 4 – winch house; 5 – store; 6 – office; 7 – boiler house and chimney; 8 – screening house; 9 – fan/compressor house; 10 – wagon traverser; 11 – underground band haulage.
Ladyha No 2 pit was sunk in 1885 to a depth of and closed in May 1934, having struggled since its main customer, the Eglinton Iron Company, closed in 1928. A fairly substantial brick-lined tunnel still survives which once carried a standard gauge railway line unobtrusively to Ladyha colliery, out of the Earl's sight and the smoke kept away from the kitchen gardens' greenhouses and plants. Other such cosmetic tunnels exist at Alloway and near Culzean Castle. The tunnel was used during World War II as a bomb shelter and storage area for furniture; it remains in good condition. The old colliery ruins were razed to the ground in 2011, having been assessed as a danger to the public.
Views of the old Ladyha colliery and tunnel prior to 2011
Longford Misk, Snodgrass Misk and Bartonholm coal workings
A plan of these coal workings was produced in 1841 shows the extensive infrastructure of Snodgrass Misk colliery in particular, with numerous tunnels running under the Water of Garnock, leaks recorded and several coal loading places. Snodgrass pit itself was served in addition by a short canal. Longford Misk had a less complex layout, however an apparent waggonway is shown leading to a coal loading point on the river. On Bartonholm at this time were located a mining village and the pits of William, John, and New or Gorge.
Opencast mining
An opencast mine was established by Irvine Development Corporation (IDC) and the National Coal Board/British Coal at Sourlie in the 1983. Linnbed, Parrot, Turf and Wee coals were mined; stoops from the 'Hutch Longwall' method of coal extraction within old collieries were exposed during excavations. All the suitable coals had been removed by 1986 and reclamation completed by 1987. The Draught Burn was diverted to accommodate this and the surviving 'Settling pond or lagoon' comes from the project.
Reclamation involved the creation of a feature on the restored Sourlie Hill, now known as confusingly as 'Cairnmount' (the original Cairnmount is located a short distance to the north-east), as part of the landscaping of the mine site, the large boulders for this project were found during the works. These standing stones are seen by many as genuine ancient megaliths. A large landscape 'bowl' was also created. The categories of coal extracted were Five Quarter, Linnbed, Parrot, Turf and Wee, totalling 255,028 Tonnes with 5.6 million metres cubed of material excavated in total.
Upon the closure of Sourlie opencast, coal mining on the Eglinton Estate had finally ceased after nearly five centuries.
Several sub-fossil antlers of Reindeer (29,900 years old) and also bones of the Woolly Rhinoceros Coelondonta antiquitatis, (50-100,000 years old) were found at Sourlie. Both of these species was hunted by early humans, who may have caused their extinction.Prince, Page 34
Sourlie views
Mine disasters
Deaths and injuries
Mining is a very hazardous, if not the most hazardous occupation; deaths and severe injuries were an inevitable part of the job as indicated by the following selection from the records:-
At Bartonholm no 3 in 1871 four were killed when fire damp was ignited – William Graham age 55, Charles McDonald age 56, Thomas McQuade age 45, and Samuel Holmes age 29. In 1874 at Eglinton Colliery an oversmen, James Lawson, aged 59, was killed when he fell down the shaft. In December 1874 a 16-year-old collier, Alexander Cupples, was killed at Bartonholm when the roof and sides of the tunnel collapsed. On 19 July 1883, at Redburn Pit, James Shearer 18 years of age, was very seriously injured when he accidentally fell off his horse and was run over by several of the hutches he was pulling. On 15 May 1908 Thomas Kirkwood, aged 24, was killed while at work in Sourlie pit; he was buried beneath a fall from the roof, and suffocated. On 3 May 1911 at Redburn No 1, Andrew Blackley was killed by a fall from the roof. On 27 March 1913 at Lady Sophia pit, Robert M'Grevey, 39 years of age, was instantaneously killed while at the Lady Sophia pit, when he was struck by a fall of coal and killed instantly. On 11 November 1920 Henry Coulter, died as the result of injuries caused by a breakaway of hutches which took place in Lady Ha' pit. Besides other injuries, his back was broken, and he died on the way to the Infirmary. A miner named Daniel Wales was instantaneously killed by a fall of stones in Lady Ha' Pit on 20 September 1921. On 19 April 1927 a miner named Alexander Duncan, was accidentally killed while at work in the Lady Ha' Pit. Alexander was engaged along with his brother in clearing away a fall when he was crushed by two large stones which came away from the roof.
An incident at the Fergushill No 22, Diamond pit
On 7 August 1913 an explosion occurred at this pit, which belonged to Messrs A. Finnie & Sons. Two miners named Andrew Allardyce and Hugh Galone, were at work in a section of the pit by themselves when the accident occurred. A miner named Hugh Montgomery, who was working in another part of the pit some hundreds of yards distant, became conscious of a vibration, and at first thought that something had gone wrong in No 23 pit, which connects with No 22. On further inquiry, however, he had reason to believe that the explosion had taken place in the workings occupied by the two men named, and this was confirmed by two pony drivers, who emerged from the direction of the occurrence.
The condition of the air was such that the area could not be reached. Later, in travelling along the air course, the rescuers came across Hugh Galone, who had crawled from the danger zone to the pit bottom, a distance of about 300 yards. Hugh was in a semi-conscious condition, and was unable to tell anything of the accident. At the surface it was found that he had sustained serious burning injuries besides shock, and he was taken to Kilmarnock Infirmary for treatment. The remains of Allardyce were recovered later.
The Garnock and the Kilwinning mine flooding disaster of 1833
On 20 June 1833 the surface of the Garnock was seen to be ruffled and it was discovered that a section of the river bed had collapsed into mineworkings beneath. The river was now flowing into miles of mineworkings of the Snodgrass, Bartonholm and Longford collieries. Attempts were made to block the breach with clay, whin, straw, etc to no avail. The miners had been safely brought to the surface and were able to witness the sight of the river standing dry for nearly a mile downstream, with fish jumping about in all directions. The tide brought in sufficient water to complete the flooding of the workings and the river level returned to normal.
The weight of the floodwater was so great that the compressed air broke through the ground in numerous places and many acres of ground were observed to bubble up like a pan of boiling water. In some places rents and cavities appeared measuring four or five feet in diameter, and from these came a roaring sound described as being like steam escaping from a safety valve. For about five hours great volumes of water and sand were thrown up into the air like fountains and the mining villages of Bartonholm, Snodgrass, Longford and Nethermains were flooded.
The Eglinton Ironworks
Archibald William, the 13th Earl of Eglinton purchased all the lands concerned with the inundation by the River Garnock and through the simple expedient of cutting a short canal at Bogend, across the loop of the river involved, he bypassed the breach and once the river course had been drained and sealed off he was able in 1853 to have the flooded mineworkings pumped out. The breach lay on the sea side of the loop close to Bogend on the Snodgrass Holm side. The Earl leased the mines to Bairds of Gartsherrie and the "Eglinton Iron Works" were born. In 1855, after considerable investigation, the company introduced the Longwall method of mining, producing more coal more cheaply, however although owning a number of mines, they mainly purchased their coal from other mine owners.
Bairds of Gartsherrie reached agreement with Archibald William, 13th Earl of Eglinton, on land costs and mineral royalties and by midsummer 1845 work on the Eglinton Ironworks was well underway at Stobbs farm between Irvine and Kilwinning. The 1866 ironworks colliers strike led to unemployed Cornish tin miners being employed. Eglinton ironworks village 1850 to 1930s. The Eglinton Iron Company had at one point covered with eight furnaces and a 100,000 ton iron production per year.
John Jack was the first manager and the well known Ayrshire antiquary, geologist and natural historian, John Smith (1846–1930) was manager for Messrs W. Baird at the ironworks from 1870 to 1890, moving here from Lugar. The works closed in 1924. Only the Blacklands Community Centre remains as the old Bairds miners library and recreation hall; even the slag heap has been removed to build the Hunterston Deep Water terminal.Slag hill at Eglinton Ironworks. Accessed : 2009-11-19
Industrial relations
Usually the Earls left industrial relations to employees, however Lady Susanna, wife of the 9th Earl, was involved in the general supervision of miners on the estate as shown by her correspondence and the fact that she intervened in the 1749 – 50 labour unrest. A new grieve at the Earl's Millburn pit reduced the hewing rates and the hewers complained that they were like 'severest slaves' and had to work 14 hours a day, six days a week to make a living. They also claimed that at the end of the working day they were so exhausted that they struggled to even exit the pit.Duckham, Page 268
Susanna summoned the miners to Eglinton Castle to try and sort things out, as a result of which several of the miners signed a 'disclamation' which they later tried to repudiate. The lawyer who dealt with the case stated that it is probable a Lady of great Beauty of Address might prevail with some of the old Coalziers to sign any paper.The Eglinton miners in the 1749 dispute appear to have acted peaceably, causing no damage to pit-headgear, pumps, etc. Despite their good behaviour they were accused of being so many mutinous and unruly Coaliers who had ... without any just Cause or Colour deserted their Masters work. The employers also warned the courts of the dire consequences of leniency.
In 1799 the Fergushill barony became the property of the 12th Earl of Eglinton and Winton, and the Fergushill miners were sold with the land, a normal practice for the time. The workers owned their bodies, however the Earl owned their labour and quitting their work was regarded as theft. This arose from an infamous labour Act of 1606.A Short History of the Scottish Coal-Mining Industry. Page 55
The Earl of Eglinton claimed to have given up a valuable colliery in 1766 due to the loss of profits caused by miners demands and labour practices.
The bondage under which the miners (and Salters) worked was not removed until acts of Parliament in 1775 & 1799. By 1882 it was illegal for boys and girls below the age of ten to work in the mines.
Transportation
Internal
Within the early mine tunnel or roads, coal was loaded into hutches which were dragged on skids, sometimes on wooden plank-ways, however at the earl's colliery near Redburn small unsaleable coal was packed to form a smooth surface, a cheaper alternative to the use of wood.
External
Roads
Coal was at first carried on pack animals in panniers as the roads before the late 18th century were not suitable for wheeled vehicles. As a result of this, canals, waggonways and railways were developed.
One route for coal transport from Armsheugh and Doura was via the Drukken Steps, stepping stones on the course of the 1774 Toll Road, which ran from the west end of Irvine through Eglinton to Kilwinning via Milnburn or Millburn; crossing the Red burn near Knadgerhill. and running passed 'The Higgins' cottage, (now demolished).
In 1805 the Earl obtained permission to turnpike the road that ran through the Eglinton estate to the village of Saltcoats and its harbour. He used his own workforce to maintain the road and his expenses were covered by levying toll charges at the toll barriers he constructed. The transport of 'Cunninghame' coal was a major and disputed source of income.
Canals
In the 1840s a short canal carried coal from the colliery at Snodgrass to the Garnock and beyond. The Montgomeries were intent on creating a major harbour at Ardrossan and they intended to make it the principal port for Glasgow by building a canal link to Glasgow; the Glasgow, Paisley and Johnstone Canal. Construction from the Glasgow end began in 1807 and the first boat, the passenger boat, The Countess of Eglinton, was launched in 1810; completion to Glasgow's Port Eglinton from Paisley was achieved in 1811, but the section to Ardrossan was never built.
Waggonways
As early as 1725 a waggonway was planned and possibly built from a Fergushill coal pit to Irvine Harbour.
The Ardrossan and Johnstone Railway was built by the Glasgow, Paisley and Johnstone Canal company as a waggonway between Ardrossan harbour and Kilwinning which opened in 1831. It was initially built to the Scotch gauge of and was worked by horses. It had a passenger services worked by a carriages, which held 24 passengers; 16 inside and 8 outside. The long Doura branch left the main line north of Stevenston (Dubbs Junction) and ran east (past where the Glasgow, Paisley, Kilmarnock and Ayr Railway later crossed over it) to a bridge crossing the River Garnock just before the Dirrans sawmill. From there it ran northeast (on an embankment beside Bannoch Road) to reach the Doura pit.
The North Fergus Hill branch left the Doura branch at South Fergushill, just after the Lugton Water crossing to reach the Fergus Hill coal pit.Whishaw Crossing gates were located at Dirrans, Corsehill, Saughtrees and Fergushill. Clonbeith siding was located near the Fergushill gates. The Fergushill drive entrance into the Eglinton Estate passed Chapelholm Woods was carried over the railway by a bridge; this has since been demolished.
In 1833 Sir James Cunningham extended the Doura branch to his extensive coal and fireclay workings at Perceton. Up until the 1850s this line was worked using horse haulage. Each wagon carried about one ton of coal. The Doura branch was private until 1839 when the Ardrossan Railway Company came into being.
In 1836 60,000 tons of coal were carried to Ardrossan on the waggonway from the Earl's Kilwinning pits. Between 28 July 1834 and September 1835 over 21,000 people had been carried on the railway using the regular passenger service. By the late 1830s the annual figure was around 30,000.
A rare waggon-way bridge for the original 1.37 metres / 4 ft 6 in horse drawn railway (later relaid as standard gauge) still survives near South Fergushill farm on the B 785 Fergushill Road (see photograph), this being part of a long line that ran from the Doura pit to Ardrossan.
The Hurry
A 'Hurry' or loading dock was located at the end of Millburn Drive and later became a coup where rubbish from the Benslie Square miners dwellings was disposed of. The Hurry was served by the old Doura waggonway line and may have been built in relation to the carriage of items needed for the stands etc of the 1839 Eglinton Tournament from Ardrossan Harbour. In 1840 the old waggonway was replaced by a Standard Gauge railway that ran on a slightly different alignment and did not run in front of the Hurry's dock or to Doura. A short siding ran up to the end of a lane that ran down the western side of the Hurry where waggons could be parked for the unloading of materials such as fertiliser, etc. By 1895 this short siding had been lifted and the Hurry had become a coup and was starting to be grown over by trees. The loading dock wall is constructed from old red sandstone sleepers, each pierced by two holes.
Details of the ruins of the South Millburn Pit Cottage – 2007
1830s waggonway rail
A section of the light weight 1831 waggonway track survived at Millburn near Benslie and was recovered in 2009 for restoration and study.
This Vignole type section track has a large surface of contact with the sleeper and is therefore a flat-bottomed rail rather than double-headed, bull-headed, etc. It is long, typical of early rail lengths and has no holes for fishplates as these were not invented until after 1839; special joint-chairs were used at that time to hold the ends in place. The fishplate, originally without bolt holes, was invented by William Bridges Adams in May 1842 and used from 1849.
Holed red sandstone blocks and iron spikes have been found at Benslie showing that the wrought iron rails were held in place by iron spikes hammered into wood plugs in the stone sleepers. The rail height is much less than a typical modern rail as it was not designed to carry the weight of a locomotive. The rail dimensions are high; wide at the bottom (the foot); wide at the top (the head). The central web is much shorter than that found on conventional rails.
Railways
The Doura branch was private until 1839 when the Ardrossan Railway Company came into being. The re-laying of track with a heavier rail and the gauge conversion from to 4 ft 8½ in was all carried out in a period of one week in 1840. The landowners had paid for the extension and the line had its gradients and curves altered to allow for locomotive working. In 1840 the line was connected with the Glasgow, Paisley, Kilmarnock and Ayr Railway at Kilwinning station; and in 1854 both lines merged with the new Glasgow and South Western Railway.
The first railway locomotives was 'Firefly', built by Barr and McNab of Paisley, followed in 1846 by two 2:2:2 types, 'Tam O'Shanter' and 'Soutar Johnnie'.
In 1845 Messrs. Taylor and Kenneth leased the earl's Moncur pits and agreed to transport three quarters of their coal via the railway and the port of Ardrossan.
Every colliery was linked by mineral lines to the main rail network and trackbeds, embankments, cuttings, bridges, etc are still evident in many places around Sourlie, Fergushill, Benslie, Auchenwinsey, Dirrens, etc.
The earl was a shareholder in the Kilmarnock and Troon Railway and therefore a joint owner with the Duke of Portland and Captain Boyle of Shewalton as the railway company was only the leaseholder.
Harbours and shipping
In the early 18th century the 9th Earl had contracts with a number of local shipmasters. The 12th Earl constructed Ardrossan Harbour for the Irish coal traffic.Whatley, Pages 73–74
The Ardrossan harbour project was officially started on 31 July 1806. The navigation of the Clyde above the Cumbraes was difficult and up river of Port Glasgow, open only to small craft. In 1815, with over £100,000 having already been spent, and the contractors, Telford and Rennie pressing for £300,000 more, the works ceased. They were not restarted until 1833, after the death of the 12th Earl. The 13th Earl completed the harbour on a greatly reduced scale, the total cost amounting to £200,000. The completed harbour had two tidal basins of 6 and , and a wet-dock of .
The Earls owned the north part of Saltcoats harbour, the Cunninghame family owning the rest. Saltcoats was a very busy harbour in the 18th century and problems with silting, together with legal conflicts made the 12th Earl decided on developing his harbour and town of Ardrossan instead.
Other industries and miscellaneous infrastructure
In the Chapelholms wood the 1938 map marks a hydraulic ram and cistern in a bend of the Lugton Water close to one of the old Fergushill collieries. Hydraulic rams harnesses the flow or current force of water to pump a portion of the water being used to power the pump to a point higher than where the water originally started. Rams were often used in remote locations, since it requires no outside source of power other than the kinetic energy of falling water.
As stated, a fairly substantial brick-lined tunnel still survives which once carried a standard gauge railway line unobtrusively to Lady ha' colliery, out of the Earl's sight and the smoke kept away from the kitchen gardens' greenhouses and plants.
The 1850s OS map shows a forge and a smithy at Buckreddan off the Bannoch Road.
The placename 'Red Boiler' near Fergushill marked the site where steam boilers from the collieries were scoured out and then reused.
Steam boilers are marked on OS maps at a number of the collieries, such as Redstone.
A water powered sawmill and also coke ovens were located at the Dirrans.
Roy's 1747 map shows a Lugton Mill near the junction of the Lugton Water and the River Garnock.
In 1814 a flour mill was located at Fergushill, on the Eglinton Castle side of the Lugton Water upstream of the bridge; a miller's house was situated on the other side of the river. The building of the waggonway and bridge seems to have resulted in the demolition of this house.
Miners and workers rows or villages
Miners rows were built at Bartonholm, Corsehill, Snodgrass, Blacklands, Sourlie, Dirrans, Longford, Annick Lodge, Nethermains, Shipmill, Fergushill, Doura and Benslie. Douglas records the Eglinton Iron Works village as having 1,014 occupants in 1874.
A number of collier's, hewer's or miner's rows existed close to the various collieries and the ironworkers had a 'village' at the Blacklands and at Byrehill near Kilwinning from 1850 to the 1930s. The village had a double row of forty-two apartment houses, a cross row of fifteen similar houses, and a single row of sixty single apartment houses. Another row, called the Brick Row, had thirty-four houses in it. One store was provided.
In 1874 Dobie records that a miner's village called Fergushill existed with a population of 531. Groome refers to the colliers village as having been established in around 1835.
Fergushill miners' village, was owned by Messrs. Finnie & Son. It was composed of 7 rows of cottages. There were ten thatched cottages. In 1913 63 persons lived here. One room, measuring , held thirteen persons. The rows had names like Wellington and Burn. At one time there were 78 houses in the village, with a population of 363. It was demolished and nothing now remains at the site, other than North Fergushill farm.
Benslie's miners rows, the 'Benslie Square', were made up of 57 stone built miners houses, like Fergushill, owned by A. Finnie and Son. Coalmasters. In 1913 the village was said to be 67 years old. The population was 318 in 1881. At first the houses only existed at the 'Square' and then later the village was extended towards the road which runs up passed the church. A number of coal pits were in the area as shown by the first edition OS map, one pit being close to the 'Millburn Cottage' opposite South Millburn. In 1937 most of the miner's rows were demolished and the miners were moved to the Dirrans.
A dwelling near South Millburn was known as the South Millburn Pit House in 1871 and after the pit had closed it became known as Millburn Cottage
Collier's rows are marked on OS maps at Corsehill, where the Eglinton Colliery school was also located.
Clayworks
Fergushill tileworks
These tileworks was built in 1831 at North Fergushill farm and consisted of a moulding room, kiln and drying stores. The tileworks were in a field just to the east of an unclassified road between North Fergushill farm and the old Dalry to Kilmarnock railway line. The first manager of the Tilework appears to be a Hugh Bunton or Buntine. Bunton probably lived at the adjacent Tilework Cottage. From September 1836 to the end of 1837 the Eglinton Estate purchased between 5,000 and 10,000 tiles per month for use on its farms.
The fate of the tileworks is revealed in the memoranda from George Johnston, the Earl of Eglinton's factor, to the Earl's Commissioner, Mr Gairdner. By the end of 1852 demand for tiles had fallen considerably, production however was not reduced. George Johnston noted there were 480,000 unsold tiles stored at Fergushill and there was no room for the next year's stock. The 1855 OS map notes the tilework is disused. The old clay pit site is now a large pond, and Tilework Cottage is a privately owned house.Ayrshire Notes
Eglinton Fireclay works
The OS map for the mid 18th century shows a clay mill, fireclay works and kilns at Buckreddan on the Bannoch Road. Fire clay is used in the manufacture of fire bricks. The clay is resistant to high temperatures and is suitable for lining furnaces, as fire brick, and manufacture of utensils used in the metalworking industries. Fireclay was also worked at Perceton.
Brickworks
A brickworks was located near Stobbs, close to the Eglinton Ironworks.
Chlorine works
The OS map shows a Chlorine works located near the old loop of the River Garnock in the Redburn area.
British Dynamite Factory
The Ardeer peninsula was the site of the massive dynamite manufacturing plant built here by Alfred Bernhard Nobel who had been searching for a suitably remote location to establish an explosives factory. In 1871 Nobel purchased from the Earl of Eglinton, and established the British Dynamite Factory, and built what was at that time the largest explosives factory in the world.
Saltpans
The Earl's owned part of Saltcoats harbour and kept saltpans there, fueled by the abundant local supplies of coal brought to the harbour along the turnpike which the Earl had built. The salt was relatively expensive, but was in demand during the Napoleonic Wars when imports were being prevented and were used in the manufacture of Dunlop cheese, butter and salted bacon.
The Wilson canning factory
The Wilson family purchased the old offices, castle ruins, and other land from Robert Howie and Sons and the Eglinton factory was opened on 12 September 1958 by the Earl of Eglinton and Winton. Clement Wilson's food processing plant closed in the 1980s. The factory buildings were demolished in 2009, however the old stables were renovated and sold as private accommodation.
Industrial interests elsewhere
Wool
In 1662 the earl was given the rights to the manual labour of all the vagrants and temporarily unemployed in Renfrewshire, Ayrshire and Galloway. These individuals were taken to the Earl's Burgh and Regality of Montgomeryston at the Citadel of Ayr where he had a wool factory. The parishes had to support the labourers while they were there and the earl only had to provide food and clothing. The earl's rights lasted for 15 years for the vagrants and five years for the unemployed. The business was not a success as it disappears from the records after a relatively short period of time.
Brewing
Susanna Montgomery, Countess of Eglinton, wife of the 9th Earl of Eglinton, was industrious and established a brewery at Montgomerieston, a small Burgh of Regality, inside the walls of Cromwell's old fort at Ayr, to increase her income. It seems to have been successful.Cousins, p. 53
Silk and cotton weaving
Alexander, 10th Earl, developed the old 'toun' of Eaglesham into a planned village. It was Archibald, 11th Earl of Eglinton, who largely saw Alexander's plans through to completion due to Alexander's early demise. The new village with two ranges of houses built around the Orry or village green, an area of common land about one-third of a mile long, divided up by the Linn or Kirkton Burn. 999 year leases were offered on condition that a house was built within five years, otherwise a fine of five pounds was imposed.
The Earl gave permission for tenants to quarry stone, were given sand and were allowed to use the Linn Burn for washing and the green for bleaching. With these encouragements weaving became the main industry until a cotton mill was built on the Orry in 1791. The New Statistical Account records the presence of 63 silk-looms at work in Eaglesham in 1790; this soon reduced to 33; and was quickly replaced by the weaving of cotton goods in association with Glasgow and Paisley manufacturers.
Selina's tree
Selina Higgins was born in Port Glasgow, with parents from Burslem in England, and she lived in the Five Roads area, married to a Mr. John Bannerman, a miner who worked at Ladyha Colliery. Selina had a severe stroke and it became a habit for her to walk to 'Selina's' tree, the furthest distance she could manage; they both died within a few months of each other in 1949 and left a large family, including a daughter, Helen (Nellie) Bannerman, who married Frank Gardner from Kingscavel, Linlithgow.
The tree in 2009 was still healthy and the name has become part of the local history of the area. It has also attracted 'speculative' legends suggesting lovers trysts, etc. In 2010 Selina's Tree (Latitude 55.654333 and Longitude -4.675326) was added to the Woodland Trust's 'Ancient and notable trees' website.
References
Notes
Sources
Aiton, William (1811). General View of The Agriculture of the County of Ayr; observations on the means of its improvement; drawn up for the consideration of the Board of Agriculture, and Internal Improvements, with Beautiful Engravings. Glasgow.
Anstruther, Ian (1963). The Knight and the Umbrella: An Account of the Eglinton Tournament, 1839. London : Geoffrey Bles Ltd.
Ayrshire Notes 32, 2006, .
Brotchie, Alan W., Some Early Ayrshire Railways. Sou'West Journal. No. 38.
Calder, Jenni et al. (1995). John Smith of Dalry. Ayr Arch & Nat Hist Soc No. 16. .
Carragher, P. C. (1909). Saltcoats: Old and New.
Clements, James (1974). Stevenston. The Kernel of Cunninghame. Stevenston : Burgh of Stevenston.
Contact. House Magazine of the Wilson Organisation. Autumn 1958.
Cousins, M. B. L. Elizabeth. Montgomeries of Eglinton. Ayr Division. Strathclyde Department of Education.
Dobie, James (1876). Pont's Cunninghame topographized 1604–1608 with continuations and illustrative notices (1876). Pub. John Tweed.
Douglas, William Scott (1874). In Ayrshire. A Descriptive Picture of the County of Ayr. Kilmarnock : McKie & Drennan. Reprint. .
Duckham, Baron Frederick (1970). A History of the Scottish Coal Industry – Volume 1: 1700–1815. A Social and Industrial History. Newton Abbot : David & Charles.
Eglinton Archives, Eglinton Country Park.
Essery, Bob (2007). Railway Signalling and Track Plans. Hersham : Ian Allan.
Graham, Eric J. (1997). Robert Reid Cunninghame of Seabank House. Ayr Arch & Nat Hist Soc. No. 19.
Groome, Francis H. (1903). Ordnance Gazetteer of Scotland. London : Caxton.
Hall, Derek (2006). Scottish Monastic Landscapes. Stroud: Tempus. .
Hawksworth, Christopher (2013). The Doura Branch of the Ardrossan and Johnston Railway. 'Sou' West' Newsletter. Spring 2013. G&SWR Association.
Hughson, Irene (1996). The Auchenharvie Colliery – an early history. Ochiltree : Stenlake Publishing. .
Jardine, W. G., Dickson, J. H., et al. (1988) A late Middle Devensian Interstadial site at Sourlie, near Irvine, Strathclyde. Scott. J. Geol. 24, (3).
Kilwinning Past & Present (1990). Kilwinning & District Preservation Society.
Kirkwood, Rev. J. (1876). Troon & Dundonald with their Surroundings, Local & Historical. Kilmarnock : McKie & Drennan.
Lauchland, John (2000). A History of Kilbirnie Auld Kirk. Pub. The Friends of the Auld Kirk Heritage Group.
Lewin, Henry Grote (1925). Early British Railways. A short history of their origin & development 1801–1844. London: The Locomotive Publishing Co Ltd. OCLC 11064369.
MacDonald, A. M. (1968) Some notes on a Kilwinning mining disaster. Inquirer.
McClure, David (1994). Tolls and Tacksmen. Ayr Arch & Nat Hist Soc. Ayrshire Monograph No. 13.
McMichael, George (c. 1881–1890). Notes on the Way Through Ayrshire and the Land of Burn, Wallace, Henry the Minstrel, and Covenant Martyrs. Hugh Henry : Ayr.
Mines Department (1931). Catalogue of Plans of Abandoned Mines. London : HMSO.
National Coal Board, Scottish Division. A Short History of the Scottish Coal-Mining Industry. (1958).
Ness, J. A. (1969–70), Landmarks of Kilwynnyng. Privately produced.
Peck, W (1841). Reduced Plan of Longford Misk Colliery. Great George Street, Edinburgh.
Prince, E. & McIntyre, G. (1990). The Sourlie Saga – Sourlie Opencast and Reclamation Scheme. Mun. Engr. 7.
Ransom, P. J. G. (1990). The Victorian Railway and How it Evolved. London : Heinemann. .
Robertson, William (1908). Ayrshire: Its History and Historic Families. Glasgow : Grimsay Press. . V.2.
Service, John (Editor) (1887). The Life & Recollections of Doctor Duguid of Kilwinning. Pub. Young J. Pentland.
Service, John (1913), The Memorables of Robin Cummell Paisley : Alexander Gardner.
Smith, John (1895) Prehistoric Man in Ayrshire. London : Elliot Stock.
Strawhorn, John (1985). The History of Irvine. Edinburgh : John Donald. .
Whatley, C. A. (1983). The Finest Place for a Lasting Colliery. Ayr. Arch. & Nat. Hist. Soc.
Whishaw, Francis [1842] (Reprinted and republished 1969). The Railways of Great Britain and Ireland practically described and illustrated'', 2nd, Newton Abbott: David & Charles (1842 edition – London: John Weale). .
External links
YouTube video of the Hurry or loading dock at South Millburn
Eglinton Foundry - 1955. Accessed : 2009-11-19
Maps at the National Library of Scotland.
1860 OS Maps.
General Roy's Military Survey of Scotland 1747 - 52.
Buildings and structures in North Ayrshire
Villages in North Ayrshire
History of North Ayrshire
Coal in Scotland
Industrial history of Scotland
Economy of North Ayrshire
Eglinton
Irvine, North Ayrshire |
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<dict>
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<key>16</key>
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<key>17</key>
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<key>19</key>
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</dict>
<dict>
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</dict>
</array>
</dict>
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<dict>
<key>InputPort0</key>
<dict>
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<key>SourcePortIndex</key>
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</dict>
<key>InputPort1</key>
<dict>
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<integer>1</integer>
<key>PortWidth</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>SourceFuncInstance</key>
<integer>2</integer>
<key>SourcePortIndex</key>
<integer>1</integer>
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<key>DspFunction4</key>
<dict>
<key>FunctionInfo</key>
<dict>
<key>DspFuncInstance</key>
<integer>4</integer>
<key>DspFuncName</key>
<string>DspMultiBandCompressor</string>
<key>DspFuncProcessingIndex</key>
<integer>4</integer>
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<key>ParameterInfo</key>
<dict>
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<key>Compressor</key>
<array>
<dict>
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<key>Filter</key>
<array>
<dict>
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<dict>
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<dict>
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<dict>
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<dict>
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<dict>
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</array>
</dict>
<dict>
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<dict>
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</array>
</dict>
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<dict>
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<dict>
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</dict>
<key>InputPort1</key>
<dict>
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<integer>1</integer>
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<integer>1</integer>
<key>SourceFuncInstance</key>
<integer>3</integer>
<key>SourcePortIndex</key>
<integer>1</integer>
</dict>
</dict>
</dict>
<key>DspFunction5</key>
<dict>
<key>FunctionInfo</key>
<dict>
<key>DspFuncInstance</key>
<integer>5</integer>
<key>DspFuncName</key>
<string>DspLimiter</string>
<key>DspFuncProcessingIndex</key>
<integer>5</integer>
</dict>
<key>ParameterInfo</key>
<dict>
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<key>PatchbayInfo</key>
<dict>
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<dict>
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</dict>
<key>InputPort1</key>
<dict>
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<integer>1</integer>
<key>SourceFuncInstance</key>
<integer>4</integer>
<key>SourcePortIndex</key>
<integer>1</integer>
</dict>
</dict>
</dict>
<key>DspFunction6</key>
<dict>
<key>FunctionInfo</key>
<dict>
<key>DspFuncInstance</key>
<integer>6</integer>
<key>DspFuncName</key>
<string>DspLoudness</string>
<key>DspFuncProcessingIndex</key>
<integer>6</integer>
</dict>
<key>ParameterInfo</key>
<dict>
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<key>PatchbayInfo</key>
<dict>
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<dict>
<key>PortInstance</key>
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<integer>1</integer>
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<key>InputPort1</key>
<dict>
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<integer>1</integer>
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<integer>5</integer>
<key>SourcePortIndex</key>
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</dict>
<key>DspFunction7</key>
<dict>
<key>FunctionInfo</key>
<dict>
<key>DspFuncInstance</key>
<integer>7</integer>
<key>DspFuncName</key>
<string>DspCrossover2Dot1</string>
<key>DspFuncProcessingIndex</key>
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<key>ParameterInfo</key>
<dict>
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<key>PatchbayInfo</key>
<dict>
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<dict>
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<key>InputPort1</key>
<dict>
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<integer>1</integer>
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<integer>6</integer>
<key>SourcePortIndex</key>
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<key>DspFunction8</key>
<dict>
<key>FunctionInfo</key>
<dict>
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<key>DspFuncName</key>
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<key>DspFuncProcessingIndex</key>
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<key>ParameterInfo</key>
<dict>
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<array>
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<dict>
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<dict>
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</dict>
<dict>
<key>2</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>22</integer>
<key>4</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>5</key>
<integer>4</integer>
<key>6</key>
<integer>1169045837</integer>
<key>7</key>
<integer>1080998247</integer>
<key>8</key>
<integer>-1076100424</integer>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>2</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>23</integer>
<key>4</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>5</key>
<integer>6</integer>
<key>6</key>
<integer>1174718752</integer>
<key>7</key>
<integer>1074226939</integer>
<key>8</key>
<integer>-1065842737</integer>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>2</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>24</integer>
<key>4</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>5</key>
<integer>4</integer>
<key>6</key>
<integer>1174256827</integer>
<key>7</key>
<integer>1091118565</integer>
<key>8</key>
<integer>-1065842737</integer>
</dict>
</array>
</dict>
<key>PatchbayInfo</key>
<dict>
<key>InputPort0</key>
<dict>
<key>PortInstance</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>PortWidth</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>SourceFuncInstance</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>SourcePortIndex</key>
<integer>0</integer>
</dict>
<key>InputPort1</key>
<dict>
<key>PortInstance</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>PortWidth</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>SourceFuncInstance</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>SourcePortIndex</key>
<integer>1</integer>
</dict>
</dict>
</dict>
<key>DspFunction2</key>
<dict>
<key>FunctionInfo</key>
<dict>
<key>DspFuncInstance</key>
<integer>2</integer>
<key>DspFuncName</key>
<string>DspGainStage</string>
<key>DspFuncProcessingIndex</key>
<integer>2</integer>
</dict>
<key>ParameterInfo</key>
<dict>
<key>1</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>2</key>
<integer>1065353216</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>1065353216</integer>
</dict>
<key>PatchbayInfo</key>
<dict>
<key>InputPort0</key>
<dict>
<key>PortInstance</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>PortWidth</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>SourceFuncInstance</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>SourcePortIndex</key>
<integer>0</integer>
</dict>
<key>InputPort1</key>
<dict>
<key>PortInstance</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>PortWidth</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>SourceFuncInstance</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>SourcePortIndex</key>
<integer>1</integer>
</dict>
</dict>
</dict>
<key>DspFunction3</key>
<dict>
<key>FunctionInfo</key>
<dict>
<key>DspFuncInstance</key>
<integer>3</integer>
<key>DspFuncName</key>
<string>DspClientGainAdjustStage</string>
<key>DspFuncProcessingIndex</key>
<integer>3</integer>
</dict>
<key>ParameterInfo</key>
<dict>
<key>1</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>2</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>1082130432</integer>
<key>4</key>
<integer>1103626240</integer>
<key>5</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>6</key>
<integer>1082130432</integer>
<key>7</key>
<integer>3</integer>
<key>8</key>
<integer>0</integer>
</dict>
<key>PatchbayInfo</key>
<dict>
<key>InputPort0</key>
<dict>
<key>PortInstance</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>PortWidth</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>SourceFuncInstance</key>
<integer>2</integer>
<key>SourcePortIndex</key>
<integer>0</integer>
</dict>
<key>InputPort1</key>
<dict>
<key>PortInstance</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>PortWidth</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>SourceFuncInstance</key>
<integer>2</integer>
<key>SourcePortIndex</key>
<integer>1</integer>
</dict>
</dict>
</dict>
</dict>
</dict>
</dict>
<key>Mic</key>
<dict>
<key>HeadsetMic_dBV</key>
<integer>1088421888</integer>
<key>MuteGPIO</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>SignalProcessing</key>
<dict>
<key>SoftwareDSP</key>
<dict>
<key>DspFunction0</key>
<dict>
<key>FunctionInfo</key>
<dict>
<key>DspFuncInstance</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>DspFuncName</key>
<string>DspNoiseReduction</string>
<key>DspFuncProcessingIndex</key>
<integer>0</integer>
</dict>
<key>ParameterInfo</key>
<dict>
<key>1</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>2</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>4</key>
<integer>-1063256063</integer>
<key>5</key>
<data>O7qJwvAsd8IxFYLCNC+Iwgh8h8JYT3zCTGxtwjCQbMLsb3/C58KIwmIAjcKqEZTCM22Xwr5/k8L6Q5DCUXiPwhlqksKOQ5TCQS2XwkCYnMLSmqPCbK+your_sha256_hashqwvxyqcLWr6XCdkajwulQpMJs1afCbmCqwqbpqcIaSKrCSrmpwjv+p8KjIqjCVkOowh9WqMLun6nCudimwvISp8K686rC+your_sha256_hash8GswgJLr8Ku2a/your_sha256_hashCQGK1woYFtcIw7LHCOMuxwiKZs8K8YrXC6nO4ws5cu8KCa73CJjG+wqekvMK9RLnC4/a2wuKBt8Jyyour_sha512_hash/Rwhmf0cImvtPClErXwmrF18JUfdvCNi7fwty43cL+WdvCuqrawiIL3cKCR+HCYPDnwqQ67MLYserCshHowl7L6MK2guzCsvrvwu4o8cJyfv7C</data>
</dict>
<key>PatchbayInfo</key>
<dict/>
</dict>
<key>DspFunction1</key>
<dict>
<key>FunctionInfo</key>
<dict>
<key>DspFuncInstance</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>DspFuncName</key>
<string>DspEqualization32</string>
<key>DspFuncProcessingIndex</key>
<integer>1</integer>
</dict>
<key>ParameterInfo</key>
<dict>
<key>1</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>9</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>Filter</key>
<array>
<dict>
<key>2</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>4</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>5</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>6</key>
<integer>1120623594</integer>
<key>7</key>
<integer>1060439283</integer>
<key>8</key>
<integer>-1069504319</integer>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>2</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>3</integer>
<key>4</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>5</key>
<integer>4</integer>
<key>6</key>
<integer>1134130816</integer>
<key>7</key>
<integer>1068239080</integer>
<key>8</key>
<integer>-1073964333</integer>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>2</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>4</integer>
<key>4</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>5</key>
<integer>4</integer>
<key>6</key>
<integer>1143149396</integer>
<key>7</key>
<integer>1069838081</integer>
<key>8</key>
<integer>-1072785033</integer>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>2</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>5</integer>
<key>4</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>5</key>
<integer>4</integer>
<key>6</key>
<integer>1161109679</integer>
<key>7</key>
<integer>1093706804</integer>
<key>8</key>
<integer>-1069580896</integer>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>2</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>7</integer>
<key>4</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>5</key>
<integer>4</integer>
<key>6</key>
<integer>1138536183</integer>
<key>7</key>
<integer>1094714319</integer>
<key>8</key>
<integer>-1069046873</integer>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>2</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>9</integer>
<key>4</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>5</key>
<integer>4</integer>
<key>6</key>
<integer>1134823262</integer>
<key>7</key>
<integer>1088568216</integer>
<key>8</key>
<integer>-1073319056</integer>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>2</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>10</integer>
<key>4</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>5</key>
<integer>4</integer>
<key>6</key>
<integer>1140763936</integer>
<key>7</key>
<integer>1095878445</integer>
<key>8</key>
<integer>-1066910782</integer>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>2</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>11</integer>
<key>4</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>5</key>
<integer>4</integer>
<key>6</key>
<integer>1150711009</integer>
<key>7</key>
<integer>1082220668</integer>
<key>8</key>
<integer>-1072251010</integer>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>2</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>22</integer>
<key>4</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>5</key>
<integer>4</integer>
<key>6</key>
<integer>1169045837</integer>
<key>7</key>
<integer>1080998247</integer>
<key>8</key>
<integer>-1076100424</integer>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>2</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>23</integer>
<key>4</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>5</key>
<integer>6</integer>
<key>6</key>
<integer>1174718752</integer>
<key>7</key>
<integer>1074226939</integer>
<key>8</key>
<integer>-1065842737</integer>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>2</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>24</integer>
<key>4</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>5</key>
<integer>4</integer>
<key>6</key>
<integer>1174256827</integer>
<key>7</key>
<integer>1091118565</integer>
<key>8</key>
<integer>-1065842737</integer>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>2</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>4</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>5</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>6</key>
<integer>1120623594</integer>
<key>7</key>
<integer>1060439283</integer>
<key>8</key>
<integer>-1069504319</integer>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>2</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>3</integer>
<key>4</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>5</key>
<integer>4</integer>
<key>6</key>
<integer>1134130816</integer>
<key>7</key>
<integer>1068239080</integer>
<key>8</key>
<integer>-1073964333</integer>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>2</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>4</integer>
<key>4</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>5</key>
<integer>4</integer>
<key>6</key>
<integer>1143149396</integer>
<key>7</key>
<integer>1069838081</integer>
<key>8</key>
<integer>-1072785033</integer>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>2</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>5</integer>
<key>4</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>5</key>
<integer>4</integer>
<key>6</key>
<integer>1161109679</integer>
<key>7</key>
<integer>1093706804</integer>
<key>8</key>
<integer>-1069580896</integer>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>2</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>7</integer>
<key>4</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>5</key>
<integer>4</integer>
<key>6</key>
<integer>1138536183</integer>
<key>7</key>
<integer>1094714319</integer>
<key>8</key>
<integer>-1069046873</integer>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>2</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>9</integer>
<key>4</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>5</key>
<integer>4</integer>
<key>6</key>
<integer>1134823262</integer>
<key>7</key>
<integer>1088568216</integer>
<key>8</key>
<integer>-1073319056</integer>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>2</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>10</integer>
<key>4</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>5</key>
<integer>4</integer>
<key>6</key>
<integer>1140763936</integer>
<key>7</key>
<integer>1095878445</integer>
<key>8</key>
<integer>-1066910782</integer>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>2</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>11</integer>
<key>4</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>5</key>
<integer>4</integer>
<key>6</key>
<integer>1150711009</integer>
<key>7</key>
<integer>1082220668</integer>
<key>8</key>
<integer>-1072251010</integer>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>2</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>22</integer>
<key>4</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>5</key>
<integer>4</integer>
<key>6</key>
<integer>1169045837</integer>
<key>7</key>
<integer>1080998247</integer>
<key>8</key>
<integer>-1076100424</integer>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>2</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>23</integer>
<key>4</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>5</key>
<integer>6</integer>
<key>6</key>
<integer>1174718752</integer>
<key>7</key>
<integer>1074226939</integer>
<key>8</key>
<integer>-1065842737</integer>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>2</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>24</integer>
<key>4</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>5</key>
<integer>4</integer>
<key>6</key>
<integer>1174256827</integer>
<key>7</key>
<integer>1091118565</integer>
<key>8</key>
<integer>-1065842737</integer>
</dict>
</array>
</dict>
<key>PatchbayInfo</key>
<dict>
<key>InputPort0</key>
<dict>
<key>PortInstance</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>PortWidth</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>SourceFuncInstance</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>SourcePortIndex</key>
<integer>0</integer>
</dict>
<key>InputPort1</key>
<dict>
<key>PortInstance</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>PortWidth</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>SourceFuncInstance</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>SourcePortIndex</key>
<integer>1</integer>
</dict>
</dict>
</dict>
<key>DspFunction2</key>
<dict>
<key>FunctionInfo</key>
<dict>
<key>DspFuncInstance</key>
<integer>2</integer>
<key>DspFuncName</key>
<string>DspGainStage</string>
<key>DspFuncProcessingIndex</key>
<integer>2</integer>
</dict>
<key>ParameterInfo</key>
<dict>
<key>1</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>2</key>
<integer>1065353216</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>1065353216</integer>
</dict>
<key>PatchbayInfo</key>
<dict>
<key>InputPort0</key>
<dict>
<key>PortInstance</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>PortWidth</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>SourceFuncInstance</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>SourcePortIndex</key>
<integer>0</integer>
</dict>
<key>InputPort1</key>
<dict>
<key>PortInstance</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>PortWidth</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>SourceFuncInstance</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>SourcePortIndex</key>
<integer>1</integer>
</dict>
</dict>
</dict>
<key>DspFunction3</key>
<dict>
<key>FunctionInfo</key>
<dict>
<key>DspFuncInstance</key>
<integer>3</integer>
<key>DspFuncName</key>
<string>DspClientGainAdjustStage</string>
<key>DspFuncProcessingIndex</key>
<integer>3</integer>
</dict>
<key>ParameterInfo</key>
<dict>
<key>1</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>2</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>3</key>
<integer>1082130432</integer>
<key>4</key>
<integer>1103626240</integer>
<key>5</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>6</key>
<integer>1082130432</integer>
<key>7</key>
<integer>3</integer>
<key>8</key>
<integer>0</integer>
</dict>
<key>PatchbayInfo</key>
<dict>
<key>InputPort0</key>
<dict>
<key>PortInstance</key>
<integer>0</integer>
<key>PortWidth</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>SourceFuncInstance</key>
<integer>2</integer>
<key>SourcePortIndex</key>
<integer>0</integer>
</dict>
<key>InputPort1</key>
<dict>
<key>PortInstance</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>PortWidth</key>
<integer>1</integer>
<key>SourceFuncInstance</key>
<integer>2</integer>
<key>SourcePortIndex</key>
<integer>1</integer>
</dict>
</dict>
</dict>
</dict>
</dict>
</dict>
<key>Outputs</key>
<array>
<string>Headphone</string>
<string>IntSpeaker</string>
</array>
<key>PathMapID</key>
<integer>256</integer>
</dict>
</array>
</dict>
``` |
```sqlpl
-- Write your MySQL query statement below
select substring(email, position('@' in email) + 1) as email_domain,
count(*) as count
from emails
where email like '%@%.com'
group by 1
order by 1;
``` |
ICI Ltd v Shatwell [1965] AC 656 is a UK labour law case concerning employer liability for accidents at work.
Facts
Two shot firing brothers were injured because they ‘could not be bothered’ to take the mandatory precautions.
Judgment
Lord Denning MR held that they were not entitled to compensation. The House of Lords had previously ruled in Smith v Baker & Sons [1891] AC 325 that an employee did not implicitly consent to risk arising from a dangerous workplace, and as such the defence of volenti non fit injuria (that an employer is not liable for injury that results from risk that the employee consents to) could not be relied upon in such a situation. However ICI was in full compliance with relevant safety regulations, having safety precautions in place and ensuring that their employees, including the experienced Shatwell, were aware of them. ICI was thus held not to be vicariously liable for compensation for injury resulting from Shatwell's active disregard of his employer's instructions and statutory regulations.
See also
UK labour law
Unfair dismissal
Notes
References
United Kingdom labour case law
House of Lords cases
1965 in United Kingdom case law
Lord Denning cases |
```xml
/*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
import { DOCUMENT } from '@angular/common';
import { HttpClientTestingModule } from '@angular/common/http/testing';
import { Component, DebugElement, ViewChild } from '@angular/core';
import { ComponentFixture, fakeAsync, TestBed, tick } from '@angular/core/testing';
import { By } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { NoopAnimationsModule } from '@angular/platform-browser/animations';
import { Router, RouterModule } from '@angular/router';
import { RouterTestingModule } from '@angular/router/testing';
import { ACLService } from '@delon/acl';
import { AlainThemeModule, MenuIcon, MenuService, SettingsService } from '@delon/theme';
import { deepCopy } from '@delon/util/other';
import { WINDOW } from '@delon/util/token';
import { NzSafeAny } from 'ng-zorro-antd/core/types';
import { LayoutDefaultNavComponent, Nav } from './layout-nav.component';
import { LayoutDefaultModule } from './layout.module';
const floatingShowCls = '.sidebar-nav__floating-show';
const MOCKMENUS = [
{
text: '',
group: true,
children: [
{
text: '',
children: [
{ text: 'v1', link: '/v1' },
{ text: 'v2', link: '#/v2', i18n: 'v2-i18n' },
{ text: 'v3' },
{
text: 'externalLink-blank',
externalLink: '//ng-alain.com/blank',
target: '_blank'
},
{
text: 'externalLink-top',
externalLink: '//ng-alain.com/top',
target: '_top'
}
]
},
{
text: 'widgets',
disabled: true
}
]
}
] as Nav[];
const MOCKOPENSTRICTLY = [
{
text: '',
group: true,
children: [
{
text: '',
link: '/v1',
open: true,
children: [{ text: '' }]
},
{
text: '',
link: '/v1',
open: true,
children: [{ text: '' }]
}
]
}
] as Nav[];
class MockACLService {
can(val: string): boolean {
return val === 'admin';
}
}
class MockWindow {
location = new MockLocation();
open(): void {}
}
class MockLocation {
private url!: string;
get href(): string {
return this.url;
}
set href(url: string) {
this.url = url;
}
}
describe('theme: layout-default-nav', () => {
let fixture: ComponentFixture<TestComponent>;
let dl: DebugElement;
let context: TestComponent;
let router: Router;
let setSrv: SettingsService;
let menuSrv: MenuService;
let page: PageObject;
let doc: Document;
function createModule(): void {
TestBed.configureTestingModule({
imports: [
NoopAnimationsModule,
RouterModule.forRoot([]),
AlainThemeModule,
HttpClientTestingModule,
LayoutDefaultModule
],
declarations: [TestComponent],
providers: [
{ provide: ACLService, useClass: MockACLService },
{ provide: WINDOW, useFactory: () => new MockWindow() }
]
});
}
function createComp(needMockNavigateByUrl: boolean = true, callback?: () => void): void {
fixture = TestBed.createComponent(TestComponent);
dl = fixture.debugElement;
context = fixture.componentInstance;
fixture.detectChanges();
router = TestBed.inject<Router>(Router);
setSrv = TestBed.inject<SettingsService>(SettingsService);
menuSrv = TestBed.inject<MenuService>(MenuService);
doc = TestBed.inject(DOCUMENT);
menuSrv.add(deepCopy(MOCKMENUS));
page = new PageObject();
if (needMockNavigateByUrl) spyOn(router, 'navigateByUrl');
if (callback) callback();
}
describe('', () => {
beforeEach(() => createModule());
describe('[default]', () => {
it('should be navigate url', () => {
createComp();
spyOn(context, 'select');
const data = deepCopy(MOCKMENUS);
menuSrv.add(data);
expect(context.select).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
expect(router.navigateByUrl).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
const itemEl = page.getEl<HTMLElement>('.sidebar-nav__depth1 a');
itemEl!.click();
fixture.detectChanges();
expect(context.select).toHaveBeenCalled();
expect(router.navigateByUrl).toHaveBeenCalled();
});
describe('should be navigate external link', () => {
it('with target is _blank', () => {
createComp();
const win = TestBed.inject(WINDOW);
spyOn(win, 'open');
const itemEl = page.getEl<HTMLElement>('.sidebar-nav__item [data-id="6"]');
itemEl!.click();
expect(win.open).toHaveBeenCalled();
});
it('with target is _top', () => {
createComp();
const win = TestBed.inject(WINDOW);
const itemEl = page.getEl<HTMLElement>('.sidebar-nav__item [data-id="7"]');
itemEl!.click();
expect(win.location.href).toBe(`//ng-alain.com/top`);
});
});
it('should be hide group name', () => {
createComp();
page.checkCount('.sidebar-nav__group-title');
const data = deepCopy(MOCKMENUS) as Nav[];
data[0].group = false;
menuSrv.add(data);
fixture.detectChanges();
page.checkCount('.sidebar-nav__group-title', 0);
});
it('should be toggle open', () => {
createComp();
const data = deepCopy(MOCKMENUS);
menuSrv.add(data);
expect(data[0].children![0]._open).toBeUndefined();
const subTitleEl = page.getEl<HTMLElement>('.sidebar-nav__item-link');
subTitleEl!.click();
fixture.detectChanges();
expect(data[0].children![0]._open).toBe(true);
});
it('should be reset menu when service is changed', () => {
createComp();
page.checkText('.sidebar-nav__group-title', MOCKMENUS[0].text);
const newMenu = deepCopy(MOCKMENUS);
newMenu[0].text = 'new';
menuSrv.add(newMenu);
fixture.detectChanges();
page.checkText('.sidebar-nav__group-title', newMenu[0].text);
});
it('should be block click menu when is disabled', () => {
createComp();
spyOn(context, 'select');
const newMenus = [
{
text: '',
children: [{ text: 'new menu', disabled: true }]
}
];
menuSrv.add(newMenus);
expect(context.select).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
const itemEl = page.getEl<HTMLElement>('.sidebar-nav__item-disabled');
itemEl!.click();
fixture.detectChanges();
expect(context.select).toHaveBeenCalled();
});
it('should be support html in text or i18n', () => {
createComp();
menuSrv.add([{ text: 'text <strong>1</strong>' }]);
page.checkText('.sidebar-nav__item', `text 1`);
menuSrv.add([{ i18n: 'i18n <strong>1</strong>' }]);
page.checkText('.sidebar-nav__item', `i18n 1`);
});
});
describe('#icon', () => {
function updateIcon(icon: string | MenuIcon): void {
createComp();
menuSrv.add([
{
text: '',
group: true,
children: [
{
text: '',
icon
}
]
}
] as Nav[]);
fixture.detectChanges();
}
describe('with icon', () => {
it('when is string and includes [anticon-]', () => {
updateIcon('anticon-edit');
const el = page.getEl('.sidebar-nav__item-icon') as HTMLElement;
expect(el.classList).toContain('anticon-edit');
});
it('when is string and http prefix', () => {
updateIcon('path_to_url
page.checkCount('.sidebar-nav__item-img', 1);
});
it('when is class string', () => {
updateIcon('demo-class');
page.checkCount('.demo-class', 1);
});
});
it('with className', () => {
updateIcon({ type: 'class', value: 'demo-class' });
page.checkCount('.demo-class', 1);
});
it('with img', () => {
updateIcon({ type: 'img', value: '1.jpg' });
page.checkCount('.sidebar-nav__item-img', 1);
});
it('with svg', () => {
updateIcon({ type: 'svg', value: '<svg></svg>' });
page.checkCount('.sidebar-nav__item-svg', 1);
});
});
describe('[collapsed]', () => {
describe('#default', () => {
beforeEach(() => {
createComp();
setSrv.layout.collapsed = true;
fixture.detectChanges();
});
it(`should be won't show sub-menu when not collapse`, () => {
setSrv.layout.collapsed = false;
fixture.detectChanges();
page.showSubMenu(false);
});
it('should be show sub-menu', () => {
page.showSubMenu();
});
it('should be displayed full submenu', () => {
const clientHeight = spyOnProperty(doc.documentElement, 'clientHeight').and.returnValue(0);
spyOnProperty(doc.querySelector('body')!, 'clientHeight').and.returnValue(0);
expect(clientHeight).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
page.showSubMenu();
expect(clientHeight).toHaveBeenCalled();
});
it('should be working when include badge', () => {
const mockMenu = deepCopy(MOCKMENUS) as Nav[];
mockMenu[0].children![0].badge = 1;
menuSrv.add(mockMenu);
fixture.detectChanges();
expect(page.getEl('.ant-badge') != null).toBe(true);
page.showSubMenu();
expect(page.getEl('.sidebar-nav__floating-container .sidebar-nav__item', true) != null).toBe(true);
});
it('should be ingore children title trigger event', () => {
spyOn(context, 'select');
expect(context.select).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
const mockMenu = deepCopy(MOCKMENUS) as Nav[];
mockMenu[0].children![0].children = [{ text: 'a', children: [{ text: 'b' }] }];
menuSrv.add(mockMenu);
fixture.detectChanges();
page.showSubMenu();
const containerEl = page.getEl<HTMLElement>(floatingShowCls, true)!;
(containerEl.querySelector('.sidebar-nav__item-link') as HTMLElement).click();
expect(context.select).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
});
});
describe('should be hide sub-menu in floating container', () => {
it('muse be hide via click menu link', () => {
createComp();
setSrv.layout.collapsed = true;
fixture.detectChanges();
page.showSubMenu();
page.hideSubMenu();
expect(router.navigateByUrl).toHaveBeenCalled();
});
it('muse be hide via mouse leave area', () => {
createComp();
setSrv.layout.collapsed = true;
fixture.detectChanges();
page.showSubMenu();
page.getEl<HTMLElement>(floatingShowCls, true)!.dispatchEvent(new Event('mouseleave'));
fixture.detectChanges();
expect(page.getEl<HTMLElement>(floatingShowCls, true)).toBeNull();
});
it('muse be not hide via click except menu link area', () => {
createComp();
setSrv.layout.collapsed = true;
fixture.detectChanges();
page.showSubMenu();
const containerEl = page.getEl<HTMLElement>(floatingShowCls, true);
containerEl!.querySelectorAll('li')[1].click();
fixture.detectChanges();
expect(router.navigateByUrl).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
});
it('muse be hide via click span of menu item', () => {
createComp();
setSrv.layout.collapsed = true;
fixture.detectChanges();
page.showSubMenu();
const containerEl = page.getEl<HTMLElement>(floatingShowCls, true);
containerEl!.querySelectorAll('span')[1].click();
fixture.detectChanges();
expect(router.navigateByUrl).toHaveBeenCalled();
});
it('muse be hide via document click', () => {
createComp();
setSrv.layout.collapsed = true;
fixture.detectChanges();
page.showSubMenu();
document.dispatchEvent(new MouseEvent('click'));
fixture.detectChanges();
expect(router.navigateByUrl).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
});
it('muse be hide when move to other item', () => {
createComp();
setSrv.layout.collapsed = true;
fixture.detectChanges();
page.showSubMenu();
expect(page.isShowSubMenu()).toBe(true);
const widgetEl = page.getEl<HTMLElement>('.sidebar-nav__item-disabled', true);
widgetEl!.dispatchEvent(new Event('mouseenter'));
fixture.detectChanges();
expect(page.isShowSubMenu()).toBe(false);
});
});
it('#52', () => {
createComp();
setSrv.layout.collapsed = true;
fixture.detectChanges();
page.showSubMenu();
spyOn(context.comp['floatingEl'], 'remove');
page.hideSubMenu();
expect(page.getEl<HTMLElement>(floatingShowCls, true)).toBeNull();
});
});
describe('#disabledAcl', () => {
const newMenus = [
{
text: '',
children: [
{ text: 'new menu', acl: 'admin' },
{ text: 'new menu', acl: 'user' }
]
}
];
beforeEach(() => createComp());
it('should be disabled item when with true', () => {
context.disabledAcl = true;
fixture.detectChanges();
menuSrv.add(newMenus);
const itemEl = page.getEl<HTMLElement>('.sidebar-nav__item [data-id="3"]');
expect(itemEl!.classList).toContain('sidebar-nav__item-disabled');
});
it('should be hidden item when with false', () => {
context.disabledAcl = false;
fixture.detectChanges();
menuSrv.add(newMenus);
const itemEl = page.getEl<HTMLElement>('.sidebar-nav__item [data-id="3"]');
expect(itemEl == null).toBe(true);
});
});
describe('#openStrictly', () => {
beforeEach(() => {
createComp();
context.openStrictly = true;
fixture.detectChanges();
menuSrv.add(deepCopy(MOCKOPENSTRICTLY));
fixture.detectChanges();
});
it('should working', () => {
page.checkCount('.sidebar-nav__open', 2);
});
it(`should be won't close other item`, () => {
const list = dl.queryAll(By.css('.sidebar-nav__item-link'));
expect(list.length).toBe(4);
(list[0].nativeElement as HTMLElement).click();
fixture.detectChanges();
page.checkCount('.sidebar-nav__open', 1);
(list[2].nativeElement as HTMLElement).click();
fixture.detectChanges();
page.checkCount('.sidebar-nav__open', 0);
});
});
});
describe('[underPad]', () => {
beforeEach(createModule);
it('should be auto collapsed when less than pad', fakeAsync(() => {
// create test component
TestBed.overrideTemplate(
TestComponent,
`<layout-default-nav #comp [autoCloseUnderPad]="true"></layout-default-nav>`
);
const defaultCollapsed = false;
createComp(false, () => {
spyOnProperty(window, 'innerWidth').and.returnValue(767);
setSrv.layout.collapsed = defaultCollapsed;
fixture.detectChanges();
});
router.navigateByUrl('/');
fixture.detectChanges();
tick(20);
expect(setSrv.layout.collapsed).toBe(!defaultCollapsed);
}));
it(`should be won't collapsed when more than pad`, fakeAsync(() => {
// create test component
TestBed.overrideTemplate(
TestComponent,
`<layout-default-nav #comp [autoCloseUnderPad]="true"></layout-default-nav>`
);
const defaultCollapsed = false;
createComp(false, () => {
spyOnProperty(window, 'innerWidth').and.returnValue(769);
setSrv.layout.collapsed = defaultCollapsed;
fixture.detectChanges();
});
router.navigateByUrl('/');
fixture.detectChanges();
tick(1000);
expect(setSrv.layout.collapsed).toBe(defaultCollapsed);
}));
it('should be auto expaned when less than pad trigger click', fakeAsync(() => {
// create test component
TestBed.overrideTemplate(
TestComponent,
`<layout-default-nav #comp [autoCloseUnderPad]="true"></layout-default-nav>`
);
createComp();
setSrv.layout.collapsed = true;
fixture.detectChanges();
spyOnProperty(window, 'innerWidth').and.returnValue(767);
expect(setSrv.layout.collapsed).toBe(true);
page.getEl<HTMLElement>('.sidebar-nav')!.click();
fixture.detectChanges();
tick(20);
expect(setSrv.layout.collapsed).toBe(false);
}));
});
describe('should be recursive path', () => {
beforeEach(() => {
TestBed.configureTestingModule({
imports: [
RouterModule.forRoot([]),
AlainThemeModule,
LayoutDefaultModule,
RouterTestingModule.withRoutes([
{ path: 'user', component: TestRouteComponent },
{ path: 'user2', component: TestRouteComponent },
{ path: 'user/type', component: TestRouteComponent }
])
],
declarations: [TestComponent, TestRouteComponent]
});
});
beforeEach(fakeAsync(() => {
fixture = TestBed.createComponent(TestComponent);
dl = fixture.debugElement;
context = fixture.componentInstance;
menuSrv = TestBed.inject<MenuService>(MenuService);
fixture.detectChanges();
createComp(false);
menuSrv.add([
{
text: '',
group: true,
children: [
{ text: 'user1', link: '/user' },
{ text: 'user2', link: '/user' }
]
}
]);
}));
it('with true', fakeAsync(() => {
context.recursivePath = true;
fixture.detectChanges();
router.navigateByUrl('/user2');
tick();
fixture.detectChanges();
page.checkCount('.sidebar-nav__selected', 0);
router.navigateByUrl('/user/type');
tick();
fixture.detectChanges();
page.checkCount('.sidebar-nav__selected', 1);
}));
it('with false', fakeAsync(() => {
context.recursivePath = false;
fixture.detectChanges();
router.navigateByUrl('/user2');
tick();
fixture.detectChanges();
page.checkCount('.sidebar-nav__selected', 0);
router.navigateByUrl('/user/type');
tick();
fixture.detectChanges();
page.checkCount('.sidebar-nav__selected', 0);
}));
it('should be ingore _open when enabled openStrictly', fakeAsync(() => {
context.openStrictly = true;
fixture.detectChanges();
menuSrv.add(deepCopy(MOCKOPENSTRICTLY));
page.checkCount('.sidebar-nav__open', 2);
router.navigateByUrl('/user2');
fixture.detectChanges();
page.checkCount('.sidebar-nav__open', 2);
}));
});
class PageObject {
getEl<T>(cls: string, body: boolean = false): T | null {
const el = body
? document.querySelector(cls)
: dl.query(By.css(cls))
? dl.query(By.css(cls)).nativeElement
: null;
return el ? (el as T) : null;
}
checkText(cls: string, value: NzSafeAny): void {
const el = this.getEl<HTMLElement>(cls);
expect(el ? el.innerText.trim() : '').toBe(value);
}
checkCount(cls: string, count: number = 1): this {
expect(dl.queryAll(By.css(cls)).length).toBe(count);
return this;
}
/** `true` */
showSubMenu(resultExpectShow: boolean = true): void {
let conEl = this.getEl<HTMLElement>(floatingShowCls, true);
expect(conEl).toBeNull();
const subTitleEl = this.getEl<HTMLElement>('.sidebar-nav__item-link');
subTitleEl!.dispatchEvent(new Event('mouseenter'));
fixture.detectChanges();
conEl = this.getEl<HTMLElement>(floatingShowCls, true);
if (resultExpectShow) {
expect(conEl).not.toBeNull();
} else {
expect(conEl).toBeNull();
}
}
/** `true` */
hideSubMenu(resultExpectHide: boolean = true): void {
const containerEl = this.getEl<HTMLElement>(floatingShowCls, true);
expect(containerEl).not.toBeNull();
containerEl!.querySelector(resultExpectHide ? 'a' : 'li')!.click();
fixture.detectChanges();
const conEl = this.getEl<HTMLElement>(floatingShowCls, true);
if (resultExpectHide) expect(conEl).toBeNull();
else expect(conEl).not.toBeNull();
}
isShowSubMenu(): boolean {
return page.getEl(floatingShowCls, true) != null;
}
}
});
@Component({
template: `
<layout-default-nav
#comp
[disabledAcl]="disabledAcl"
[autoCloseUnderPad]="autoCloseUnderPad"
[recursivePath]="recursivePath"
[openStrictly]="openStrictly"
(select)="select()"
></layout-default-nav>
`
})
class TestComponent {
@ViewChild('comp', { static: true })
comp!: LayoutDefaultNavComponent;
disabledAcl = false;
autoCloseUnderPad = false;
recursivePath = false;
openStrictly = false;
select(): void {}
}
@Component({ template: `` })
class TestRouteComponent {}
``` |
```javascript
/**
* @license Apache-2.0
*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
'use strict';
// MODULES //
var addon = require( './../src/addon.node' );
// MAIN //
/**
* Computes the reciprocal square root of a single-precision floating-point number.
*
* @private
* @param {number} x - input value
* @returns {number} reciprocal square root
*
* @example
* var v = rsqrtf( 4.0 );
* // returns 0.5
*
* @example
* var v = rsqrtf( 0.0 );
* // returns Infinity
*
* @example
* var v = rsqrtf( Infinity );
* // returns 0.0
*
* @example
* var v = rsqrtf( -4.0 );
* // returns NaN
*
* @example
* var v = rsqrtf( NaN );
* // returns NaN
*/
function rsqrtf( x ) {
return addon( x );
}
// EXPORTS //
module.exports = rsqrtf;
``` |
```graphql
# import B from "b.graphql"
type Query {
a: B
}
type Mutation {
a: B
}
``` |
Ferdinand Bonaventura, 7th Prince Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau (; 22 October 1834 – 2 January 1904) was the 7th Prince Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau.
Early life
Prince Ferdinand Bonaventura was born in Vienna, capital of the Austrian Empire, as the only son of Rudolf, 6th Prince Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau and Countess Wilhelmine Elisabeth of Colloredo-Mannsfeld. He became the prince at the age of 1, upon the death of his father in 1836.
Marriage and family
Ferdinand Bonaventura was married on 5 April 1856 in Vienna to Princess Maria Josepha of Liechtenstein (1835–1905), youngest daughter of Prince Karl of Liechtenstein and his wife, Countess Franzisca of Wrbna and Freudenthal.
They had seven children:
Countess Wilhelmine Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau (5 April 1857 – 1 October 1909), married in 1878 to Franz, Prince of Auersperg; had issue.
Karl Rudolf Ferdinand Andreas, 8th Prince Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau (29 November 1858 – 11 December 1919), married in 1895 to Countess Elisabeth Wolff-Metternich zur Gracht; no issue.
Rudolf, 9th Prince Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau (11 December 1859 – 13 March 1930), married in 1881 to Countess Marie of Wilczek; had 5 daughters.
Countess Franziska Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau (26 December 1861 – 11 July 1935), married in 1879 to Alfred, 2nd Prince of Montenuovo; had issue.
Countess Elisabeth Wilhelmina Maria Prokopia Cyrilla Methodia Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau (4 July 1865 – 10 July 1941), married in 1884 to Johann, Count of Wilczek; had issue. Grandmother of Georgina, Princess Consort of Liechtenstein, born Countess Georgina von Wilczek
Count Ferdinand Vincenz Rudolf Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau (8 September 1866 – 3 February 1916), married in 1892 to Princess Aglaë of Auersperg; had issue. Father of Ulrich, 10th Prince Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau; grandfather of Marie, Princess Consort of Liechtenstein, born Countess Marie Aglaë Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau
Countess Marie Clotilde Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau (30 May 1878 – 19 July 1945), married in 1897 to Count Ottokar von Czernin; had issue.
In 1873 he was invested as Knight of the Austrian Order of the Golden Fleece. He died in 1904 and was succeeded by his eldest son Karl.
Notes and sources
Almanach de Gotha, Reference: 1874 150
Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Fürstliche Häuser, Reference: 1956
|-
1834 births
1904 deaths
House of Kinsky
Nobility from Vienna
Knights of the Golden Fleece of Austria |
Pimprapa Tangprabhaporn () is a Thai actress, singer and model. Her nickname is Pim. She was born on 10 October 1992. She was well known as Fasai in Thai drama series, Once Upon A Time in My Heart ().
Biography
Pimprapa or Pim was born on 10 October 1992 in Bangkok, Thailand. She has 2 younger sisters(Pair and Ploy). She graduated from Heathfield International School in secondary school, Bromsgrove International School in high school(grade 10) and passed grade 12 equivalent test(ITCSE) to study in the university. Pim graduated Communication Design program (Commde) from Faculty of Architecture at Chulalongkorn university and got the degree certificate, Bachelor of Arts, in 2014.
In 2000, Pim was first on screen, Look Mai Klai Ton, when she was 7 years old and then played many roles on many dramas such as Nueng Nai Suang, Khamin Kub Poon, Sai Lo Hit, Rang Ngao, etc. In 2007, Pim has passed the audition to be a singer in Kamikaze music label which affiliated by RS music company. She was a member of the girl group, Chilli White Choc which was in Lipz Project. After that 2 members of her group, Ink and Best, were quit due to expired contracts so the group was disbanded. However, her career was still continued, Pim was also in one of successful projects, Sevendays, as the Tuesday girl, in 2009.
After the project, in 2010, Kamikaze formed new girl group from the disbanded girls in Lipz project, Pim Min and Jinny, the new group named Swee:D and this group was also popular one. Their song, Sad Scene() was on top on Thai radio charts. Unfortunately, Pim decided to stop to be a singer because of her class times were not enough and her contract were going to expire so she has decided to go back to study in 2012 and graduated from Faculty of Architecture at Chulalongkorn university in 2014. In 2013, Pim was back to be an actress on TV series again in Wiman Maprow, comedy series in channel 7 and now she is an actress under channel 7, too.
Discography
Music
Lipz project
Sevendays
Swee:d
Kamikaze
Ost.
Special song
Music video
2007
Na Krab Na Krab – Faye Fang Kaew
MSN^_^ – Faye Fang Kaew
Pak Dee Khee Ngao Oaw Tae Jai – Mila
Tam Jai Pak – Knomjean
2008
Phom Ruk Khun (I Luv U) – Faye Fang Kaew
2009
Khon Ngao Kao Tum Kan – Nice 2 Meet U
2010
Mai Ruk Ter(Love You No More) – Waii
Concerts
Filmography
TV series
Movie
Musical theatre
Presenter
12 plus
Lays (Loon Larn)
Mitzubishi air conditioner
Party snack with Seven Days
G-Net 101 mobile phone in concept of Seven Color with Seven Days
Meiji Paigen
Mistine with Saran Siriluk
TRESemme+Dove with Saran Siriluk
Dina with Araya A.Hargate
MC
Television
202 :
Online
2021 : - On Air YouTube:PimNiyom
Awards and nominations
References
External links
1992 births
Living people
Pimprapa Tangprabhaporn
Pimprapa Tangprabhaporn
Pimprapa Tangprabhaporn
Pimprapa Tangprabhaporn
Thai television personalities
Pimprapa Tangprabhaporn
Pimprapa Tangprabhaporn
Pimprapa Tangprabhaporn |
```objective-c
#ifndef __VCG_SIMPLE_VOLUME
#define __VCG_SIMPLE_VOLUME
#include<vector>
namespace vcg
{
template <class VOX_TYPE>
class SimpleVolume
{
public:
typedef VOX_TYPE VoxelType;
std::vector<VoxelType> Vol;
Point3i sz; /// Dimensioni griglia come numero di celle per lato
const Point3i &ISize() {return sz;}; /// Dimensioni griglia come numero di celle per lato
void Init(Point3i _sz)
{
sz=_sz;
Vol.resize(sz[0]*sz[1]*sz[2]);
}
float Val(const int &x,const int &y,const int &z) const {
return cV(x,y,z).V();
//else return numeric_limits<float>::quiet_NaN( );
}
float &Val(const int &x,const int &y,const int &z) {
return V(x,y,z).V();
//else return numeric_limits<float>::quiet_NaN( );
}
VOX_TYPE &V(const int &x,const int &y,const int &z) {
return Vol[x+y*sz[0]+z*sz[0]*sz[1]];
}
const VOX_TYPE &cV(const int &x,const int &y,const int &z) const {
return Vol[x+y*sz[0]+z*sz[0]*sz[1]];
}
typedef enum { XAxis=0,YAxis=1,ZAxis=2} VolumeAxis;
template < class VertexPointerType, VolumeAxis AxisVal >
void GetIntercept(const vcg::Point3i &p1, const vcg::Point3i &p2, VertexPointerType &v, const float thr)
{
float f1 = Val(p1.X(), p1.Y(), p1.Z())-thr;
float f2 = Val(p2.X(), p2.Y(), p2.Z())-thr;
float u = (float) f1/(f1-f2);
if(AxisVal==XAxis) v->P().X() = (float) p1.X()*(1-u) + u*p2.X();
else v->P().X() = (float) p1.X();
if(AxisVal==YAxis) v->P().Y() = (float) p1.Y()*(1-u) + u*p2.Y();
else v->P().Y() = (float) p1.Y();
if(AxisVal==ZAxis) v->P().Z() = (float) p1.Z()*(1-u) + u*p2.Z();
else v->P().Z() = (float) p1.Z();
}
template < class VertexPointerType >
void GetXIntercept(const vcg::Point3i &p1, const vcg::Point3i &p2, VertexPointerType &v, const float thr)
{ GetIntercept<VertexPointerType,XAxis>(p1,p2,v,thr); }
template < class VertexPointerType >
void GetYIntercept(const vcg::Point3i &p1, const vcg::Point3i &p2, VertexPointerType &v, const float thr)
{ GetIntercept<VertexPointerType,YAxis>(p1,p2,v,thr); }
template < class VertexPointerType >
void GetZIntercept(const vcg::Point3i &p1, const vcg::Point3i &p2, VertexPointerType &v, const float thr)
{ GetIntercept<VertexPointerType,ZAxis>(p1,p2,v,thr); }
};
template <class VolumeType>
class RawVolumeImporter
{
public:
enum DataType
{
// Funzioni superiori
UNDEF=0,
BYTE=1,
SHORT=2,
FLOAT=3
};
static bool Open(const char *filename, VolumeType &V, Point3i sz, DataType d)
{
return true;
}
};
class SimpleVoxel
{
private:
float _v;
public:
float &V() {return _v;};
float V() const {return _v;};
};
} // end namespace
#endif // __VCG_SIMPLE_VOLUME
``` |
On Better Days and Sin-Eating is the second release by industrial band Amphibious Assault, formed by former Kittie member Fallon Bowman.
Amphibious Assault's second album was completed and originally scheduled for a June, and later, an August, 2005 release. The release was postponed, both times, largely due to Bowman's school schedule. Her scheduled live shows with Pigface were also affected by her school schedule. On January 10, 2007, Bowman announced, on the Amphibious Assault's website, that the second album, On Better Days and Sin-Eating, was now available to purchase. As was the case with the previous album, 2003's District Six, the album was released on the Social Unrest label. Although limited to 500 physical copies, the album was also made available via digital download. Bowman also confirmed that this album would be the last release under the Amphibious Assault name and that a new project, with a different sound, is expected in the future. That project was eventually released as Human Conditional which Bowman released as a solo artist on January 25, 2011. Bowman has since returned to performing under Amphibious Assault with the 2021 release titled Simulacrima.
Track listing
"Mistakes, Breaks, Way Too Late"
"On Better Days and Sin-Eating"
"No Help From Above"
"The Importance of Finding Narcissism"
"Tears in Rain"
"Salute!"
"Love Letters Addressed to Dying"
2007 albums
Amphibious Assault (band) albums |
```javascript
'use strict';
const {Script} = require('vm');
const {
lookupCompiler,
removeShebang
} = require('./compiler');
const {
transformer
} = require('./transformer');
const objectDefineProperties = Object.defineProperties;
const MODULE_PREFIX = '(function (exports, require, module, __filename, __dirname) { ';
const STRICT_MODULE_PREFIX = MODULE_PREFIX + '"use strict"; ';
const MODULE_SUFFIX = '\n});';
/**
* Class Script
*
* @public
*/
class VMScript {
/**
* The script code with wrapping. If set will invalidate the cache.<br>
* Writable only for backwards compatibility.
*
* @public
* @readonly
* @member {string} code
* @memberOf VMScript#
*/
/**
* The filename used for this script.
*
* @public
* @readonly
* @since v3.9.0
* @member {string} filename
* @memberOf VMScript#
*/
/**
* The line offset use for stack traces.
*
* @public
* @readonly
* @since v3.9.0
* @member {number} lineOffset
* @memberOf VMScript#
*/
/**
* The column offset use for stack traces.
*
* @public
* @readonly
* @since v3.9.0
* @member {number} columnOffset
* @memberOf VMScript#
*/
/**
* The compiler to use to get the JavaScript code.
*
* @public
* @readonly
* @since v3.9.0
* @member {(string|compileCallback)} compiler
* @memberOf VMScript#
*/
/**
* The prefix for the script.
*
* @private
* @member {string} _prefix
* @memberOf VMScript#
*/
/**
* The suffix for the script.
*
* @private
* @member {string} _suffix
* @memberOf VMScript#
*/
/**
* The compiled vm.Script for the VM or if not compiled <code>null</code>.
*
* @private
* @member {?vm.Script} _compiledVM
* @memberOf VMScript#
*/
/**
* The compiled vm.Script for the NodeVM or if not compiled <code>null</code>.
*
* @private
* @member {?vm.Script} _compiledNodeVM
* @memberOf VMScript#
*/
/**
* The compiled vm.Script for the NodeVM in strict mode or if not compiled <code>null</code>.
*
* @private
* @member {?vm.Script} _compiledNodeVMStrict
* @memberOf VMScript#
*/
/**
* The resolved compiler to use to get the JavaScript code.
*
* @private
* @readonly
* @member {compileCallback} _compiler
* @memberOf VMScript#
*/
/**
* The script to run without wrapping.
*
* @private
* @member {string} _code
* @memberOf VMScript#
*/
/**
* Whether or not the script contains async functions.
*
* @private
* @member {boolean} _hasAsync
* @memberOf VMScript#
*/
/**
* Create VMScript instance.
*
* @public
* @param {string} code - Code to run.
* @param {(string|Object)} [options] - Options map or filename.
* @param {string} [options.filename="vm.js"] - Filename that shows up in any stack traces produced from this script.
* @param {number} [options.lineOffset=0] - Passed to vm.Script options.
* @param {number} [options.columnOffset=0] - Passed to vm.Script options.
* @param {(string|compileCallback)} [options.compiler="javascript"] - The compiler to use.
* @throws {VMError} If the compiler is unknown or if coffee-script was requested but the module not found.
*/
constructor(code, options) {
const sCode = `${code}`;
let useFileName;
let useOptions;
if (arguments.length === 2) {
if (typeof options === 'object') {
useOptions = options || {__proto__: null};
useFileName = useOptions.filename;
} else {
useOptions = {__proto__: null};
useFileName = options;
}
} else if (arguments.length > 2) {
// We do it this way so that there are no more arguments in the function.
// eslint-disable-next-line prefer-rest-params
useOptions = arguments[2] || {__proto__: null};
useFileName = options || useOptions.filename;
} else {
useOptions = {__proto__: null};
}
const {
compiler = 'javascript',
lineOffset = 0,
columnOffset = 0
} = useOptions;
// Throw if the compiler is unknown.
const resolvedCompiler = lookupCompiler(compiler);
objectDefineProperties(this, {
__proto__: null,
code: {
__proto__: null,
// Put this here so that it is enumerable, and looks like a property.
get() {
return this._prefix + this._code + this._suffix;
},
set(value) {
const strNewCode = String(value);
if (strNewCode === this._code && this._prefix === '' && this._suffix === '') return;
this._code = strNewCode;
this._prefix = '';
this._suffix = '';
this._compiledVM = null;
this._compiledNodeVM = null;
this._compiledCode = null;
},
enumerable: true
},
filename: {
__proto__: null,
value: useFileName || 'vm.js',
enumerable: true
},
lineOffset: {
__proto__: null,
value: lineOffset,
enumerable: true
},
columnOffset: {
__proto__: null,
value: columnOffset,
enumerable: true
},
compiler: {
__proto__: null,
value: compiler,
enumerable: true
},
_code: {
__proto__: null,
value: sCode,
writable: true
},
_prefix: {
__proto__: null,
value: '',
writable: true
},
_suffix: {
__proto__: null,
value: '',
writable: true
},
_compiledVM: {
__proto__: null,
value: null,
writable: true
},
_compiledNodeVM: {
__proto__: null,
value: null,
writable: true
},
_compiledNodeVMStrict: {
__proto__: null,
value: null,
writable: true
},
_compiledCode: {
__proto__: null,
value: null,
writable: true
},
_hasAsync: {
__proto__: null,
value: false,
writable: true
},
_compiler: {__proto__: null, value: resolvedCompiler}
});
}
/**
* Wraps the code.<br>
* This will replace the old wrapping.<br>
* Will invalidate the code cache.
*
* @public
* @deprecated Since v3.9.0. Wrap your code before passing it into the VMScript object.
* @param {string} prefix - String that will be appended before the script code.
* @param {script} suffix - String that will be appended behind the script code.
* @return {this} This for chaining.
* @throws {TypeError} If prefix or suffix is a Symbol.
*/
wrap(prefix, suffix) {
const strPrefix = `${prefix}`;
const strSuffix = `${suffix}`;
if (this._prefix === strPrefix && this._suffix === strSuffix) return this;
this._prefix = strPrefix;
this._suffix = strSuffix;
this._compiledVM = null;
this._compiledNodeVM = null;
this._compiledNodeVMStrict = null;
return this;
}
/**
* Compile this script. <br>
* This is useful to detect syntax errors in the script.
*
* @public
* @return {this} This for chaining.
* @throws {SyntaxError} If there is a syntax error in the script.
*/
compile() {
this._compileVM();
return this;
}
/**
* Get the compiled code.
*
* @private
* @return {string} The code.
*/
getCompiledCode() {
if (!this._compiledCode) {
const comp = this._compiler(this._prefix + removeShebang(this._code) + this._suffix, this.filename);
const res = transformer(null, comp, false, false, this.filename);
this._compiledCode = res.code;
this._hasAsync = res.hasAsync;
}
return this._compiledCode;
}
/**
* Compiles this script to a vm.Script.
*
* @private
* @param {string} prefix - JavaScript code that will be used as prefix.
* @param {string} suffix - JavaScript code that will be used as suffix.
* @return {vm.Script} The compiled vm.Script.
* @throws {SyntaxError} If there is a syntax error in the script.
*/
_compile(prefix, suffix) {
return new Script(prefix + this.getCompiledCode() + suffix, {
__proto__: null,
filename: this.filename,
displayErrors: false,
lineOffset: this.lineOffset,
columnOffset: this.columnOffset
});
}
/**
* Will return the cached version of the script intended for VM or compile it.
*
* @private
* @return {vm.Script} The compiled script
* @throws {SyntaxError} If there is a syntax error in the script.
*/
_compileVM() {
let script = this._compiledVM;
if (!script) {
this._compiledVM = script = this._compile('', '');
}
return script;
}
/**
* Will return the cached version of the script intended for NodeVM or compile it.
*
* @private
* @return {vm.Script} The compiled script
* @throws {SyntaxError} If there is a syntax error in the script.
*/
_compileNodeVM() {
let script = this._compiledNodeVM;
if (!script) {
this._compiledNodeVM = script = this._compile(MODULE_PREFIX, MODULE_SUFFIX);
}
return script;
}
/**
* Will return the cached version of the script intended for NodeVM in strict mode or compile it.
*
* @private
* @return {vm.Script} The compiled script
* @throws {SyntaxError} If there is a syntax error in the script.
*/
_compileNodeVMStrict() {
let script = this._compiledNodeVMStrict;
if (!script) {
this._compiledNodeVMStrict = script = this._compile(STRICT_MODULE_PREFIX, MODULE_SUFFIX);
}
return script;
}
}
exports.MODULE_PREFIX = MODULE_PREFIX;
exports.STRICT_MODULE_PREFIX = STRICT_MODULE_PREFIX;
exports.MODULE_SUFFIX = MODULE_SUFFIX;
exports.VMScript = VMScript;
``` |
```turing
#
# This software may be used and distributed according to the terms of the
# directory of this source tree.
$ . "${TEST_FIXTURES}/library.sh"
$ REPOTYPE="blob_files"
$ ENABLED_DERIVED_DATA='["git_commits", "git_trees", "git_delta_manifests_v2", "unodes", "filenodes", "hgchangesets"]' setup_common_config $REPOTYPE
$ GIT_REPO_ORIGIN="${TESTTMP}/origin/repo-git"
$ GIT_REPO_SUBMODULE="${TESTTMP}/origin/repo-submodule"
$ GIT_REPO="${TESTTMP}/repo-git"
$ HG_REPO="${TESTTMP}/repo-hg"
$ BUNDLE_PATH="${TESTTMP}/repo_bundle.bundle"
$ cat >> repos/repo/server.toml <<EOF
> [source_control_service]
> permit_writes = true
> EOF
# Setup submodule git repository
$ mkdir -p "$GIT_REPO_SUBMODULE"
$ cd "$GIT_REPO_SUBMODULE"
$ git init -q
$ echo "this is submodule file1" > sub_file1
$ git add sub_file1
$ git commit -q -am "Add submodule file1"
$ echo "this is submodule file2" > sub_file2
$ git add sub_file2
$ git commit -q -am "Add submodule file2"
# Setup git repository
$ mkdir -p "$GIT_REPO_ORIGIN"
$ cd "$GIT_REPO_ORIGIN"
$ git init -q
$ echo "this is file1" > file1
$ git add file1
$ git commit -q -am "Add file1"
$ git tag -a -m"new tag" first_tag
$ echo "this is file2" > file2
$ git add file2
$ git commit -q -am "Add file2"
# Add a submodule in this repository (use relative path as $TESTTMP in a commit makes the hash unstable)
$ git submodule add "../repo-submodule"
Cloning into '$TESTTMP/origin/repo-git/repo-submodule'...
done.
$ git add .
$ git commit -q -am "Add a new submodule"
$ git tag -a empty_tag -m ""
$ cd "$TESTTMP"
$ git clone "$GIT_REPO_ORIGIN"
Cloning into 'repo-git'...
done.
# Capture all the known Git objects from the repo
$ cd $GIT_REPO
$ git fetch "$GIT_REPO_ORIGIN" +refs/*:refs/* --prune -u
From $TESTTMP/origin/repo-git
- [deleted] (none) -> origin/master
(refs/remotes/origin/HEAD has become dangling)
$ git rev-list --objects --all | git cat-file --batch-check='%(objectname) %(objecttype) %(rest)' | sort > $TESTTMP/object_list
$ cat $TESTTMP/object_list
433eb172726bc7b6d60e8d68efb0f0ef4e67a667 blob file1
441e95750f7eb05137204a7684a4cafe7cc0da0f blob .gitmodules
7327e6c9b533787eeb80877d557d50f39c480f54 tree
7565d37e20d5b551bee27c9676e4856d47bc1806 tree
7aa1d50cd2865dd8fd86444d7a8ff5b2a23fe3b2 tag empty_tag
8963e1f55d1346a07c3aec8c8fc72bf87d0452b1 tag first_tag
8ce3eae44760b500bf3f2c3922a95dcd3c908e9e commit
cb2ef838eb24e4667fee3a8b89c930234ae6e4bb tree
e8615d6f149b876be0a2f30a1c5bf0c42bf8e136 commit
f138820097c8ef62a012205db0b1701df516f6d5 blob file2
fbae2e73cbaa3acf4d844c32bcbd5c79e722630d commit
# Get the repository log
$ git log --pretty=format:"%h %an %s %D" > $TESTTMP/repo_log
$ cat $TESTTMP/repo_log
fbae2e7 mononoke Add a new submodule HEAD -> master, tag: empty_tag
e8615d6 mononoke Add file2
8ce3eae mononoke Add file1 tag: first_tag (no-eol)
# Look at the commit that introduced the submodule:
# The .gitmodules file gets updated. a new blob of type: submodule gets added at repo-submodule that is the actual submodule
$ git show fbae2e7
commit fbae2e73cbaa3acf4d844c32bcbd5c79e722630d
Author: mononoke <mononoke@mononoke>
Date: Sat Jan 1 00:00:00 2000 +0000
Add a new submodule
diff --git a/.gitmodules b/.gitmodules
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..441e957
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.gitmodules
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[submodule "repo-submodule"]
+ path = repo-submodule
+ url = ../repo-submodule
diff --git a/repo-submodule b/repo-submodule
new file mode 160000
index 0000000..de0c53c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/repo-submodule
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Subproject commit de0c53cc213a98b1382aec1dcbcb01bf088273e4
# Import it into Mononoke
$ cd "$TESTTMP"
$ with_stripped_logs gitimport "$GIT_REPO" --generate-bookmarks --discard-submodules full-repo
using repo "repo" repoid RepositoryId(0)
GitRepo:$TESTTMP/repo-git commit 3 of 3 - Oid:fbae2e73 => Bid:4cd77220
Ref: "refs/heads/master": Some(ChangesetId(Blake2(your_sha256_hash)))
Ref: "refs/tags/empty_tag": Some(ChangesetId(Blake2(your_sha256_hash)))
Ref: "refs/tags/first_tag": Some(ChangesetId(Blake2(your_sha256_hash)))
Initializing repo: repo
Initialized repo: repo
All repos initialized. It took: * seconds (glob)
Bookmark: "heads/master": ChangesetId(Blake2(your_sha256_hash)) (created)
Bookmark: "tags/empty_tag": ChangesetId(Blake2(your_sha256_hash)) (created)
Bookmark: "tags/first_tag": ChangesetId(Blake2(your_sha256_hash)) (created)
# We can see that the bonsai changesets graph we created looks correct
$ mononoke_newadmin changelog -R repo graph -i your_sha256_hash -M -I
o message: Add a new submodule
, id: your_sha256_hash
o message: Add file2
, id: your_sha256_hash
o message: Add file1
, id: your_sha256_hash
# Look at the commit that introduced the submodule:
# While the edit to the normal file: `.gitmodules` is preserved, the addition of the submodule itself was removed
# from the commit at import time.
$ mononoke_newadmin fetch -R repo -i your_sha256_hash
BonsaiChangesetId: your_sha256_hash
Author: mononoke <mononoke@mononoke>
Message: Add a new submodule
FileChanges:
ADDED/MODIFIED: .gitmodules your_sha256_hash
# Note: with the current git-bundle implementation, we cannot generate a bundle from this at the moment
$ mononoke_newadmin git-bundle create from-repo -R repo --output-location "$BUNDLE_PATH"
Error: Error in generating pack item stream
Caused by:
0: Error while calculating object count
*: a batch dependency has not been derived (glob) (?)
*: failed to derive batch dependencies (glob) (?)
1: Error in deriving RootGitDeltaManifestV2Id for changeset ChangesetId(Blake2(your_sha256_hash))
2: failed to derive dependent types
*: failed to derive git_trees batch (start:your_sha256_hash, end:your_sha256_hash) (glob)
*: Raw Git tree with hash fc59e10f3c37ad53e0af6882e382f0169eae51ac should have been present already (glob)
*: The object corresponding to object ID fc59e10f3c37ad53e0af6882e382f0169eae51ac or its packfile item does not exist in the data store (glob)
[1]
``` |
Banyeo Agricultural Market Station () is a station of the Busan Metro Line 4 in Seokdae-dong, Haeundae District, Busan, South Korea. The station name comes from the nearby Banyeo Agricultural Products Wholesale Market.
It is the last underground station before proceed the next elevated station named Seokdae.
Station Layout
Gallery
External links
Cyber station information from Busan Transportation Corporation
Busan Metro stations
Haeundae District
Railway stations in South Korea opened in 2011 |
Chateaugay Correctional Facility (ASACTC) was a medium-security prison and state alcohol and substance abuse Correctional Treatment Center in Franklin County, New York, United States. The prison is in the town of Chateaugay.
Chateaugay C.F., along with other upstate facilities, provide employment in an otherwise depressed economy.
The prison opened in 1990. What used to be known as an ASACTC correctional program has now turned into a facility for repeat parole violators as of the mid-2000s. No new prisoners are sent there anymore, just parole violators.
Chateaugay closed on July 26, 2014.
See also
List of New York state prisons
References
External links
Development of the Chateaugay Correctional Facility (ASACTC)
Buildings and structures in Franklin County, New York
Defunct prisons in New York (state)
2014 disestablishments in New York (state)
1990 establishments in New York (state) |
The 1990 United States redistricting cycle took place following the completion of the 1990 United States census. In all fifty states, various bodies re-drew state legislative and congressional districts. States that are apportioned more than one seat in the United States House of Representatives also drew new districts for that legislative body. The resulting new districts were first implemented for the 1991 and 1992 elections, which saw Democrats lose nine seats from their U.S. House majority and lose sixteen state legislative chambers but continue to retain a majority of state legislative seats nationwide throughout the decade. To date, it is the last time that Democrats held a majority of state legislative seats throughout an entire census cycle.
The districts drawn in the 1990 redistricting cycle remained in effect until the next round of redistricting following the 2000 United States census.
Reapportionment
The results of the 1990 census determined the number of seats that each state receives in the United States House of Representatives starting with the 1992 elections. Consequently, this affected the number of votes each state has in the Electoral College for the 1992 presidential election.
Because of population changes, twenty-one states had changes in their number of seats. Eight states gained at least one seat, and thirteen states lost at least one seat. The final result involved 19 seats being switched.
Newly created districts and eliminated districts
The new seats were first contested in the 1992 United States House of Representatives elections.
Means of redistricting
The method of redistricting for a majority of maps implemented was through legislative committee. Democrats were initially buoyed by the results of the 1990 election, which gave them trifecta control of key Sunbelt states, like California, Texas and Florida, which gained multiple congressional seats at the expense of Midwestern and Northeastern states.
Subsequent litigation
Racial gerrymandering
The cycle saw a large number of lawsuits and settlements regarding racial gerrymandering:
Clark v. Roemer (1991)
Chisom v. Roemer (1991)
Houston Lawyers' Association v. Attorney General of Texas (1991)
Presley v. Etowah County Comm'n (1992)
Growe v. Emison (1993)
Voinovich v. Quilter (1993)
Shaw v. Reno (1993)
Holder v. Hall (1994)
Johnson v. De Grandy (1994)
United States v. Hays (1995)
Miller v. Johnson (1995)
Shaw v. Hunt (1996)
Bush v. Vera (1996)
Lopez v. Monterey County (1996)
Reno v. Bossier Parish School Board (1997)
Abrams v. Johnson (1997)
Lopez v. Monterey County (1999)
Hunt v. Cromartie (1999)
Reno v. Bossier Parish School Board (2000)
Sinkfield v. Kelley (2000)
Other litigation
Utah v. Evans (2002)
Branch v. Smith (2003)
Lance v. Dennis (2006)
Lance v. Coffman (2007)
References
Redistricting in the United States
Electoral geography of the United States |
Alison Armitage (born February 26, 1965) is a former swimmer, actress and Playboy Playmate.
Early life
Armitage was born in High Wycombe, London, but grew up in Hong Kong where she lived for 20 years. She is of mixed German, French, and English descent. Armitage has been a swimmer since the age of four, and qualified for the Hong Kong Olympic team. However, she abandoned the sport during her teens. Armitage studied at Island School in Hong Kong before studying computer science at the University of San Diego in California. She eventually started a career as a model.
Playboy Playmate and modeling career
Under the pseudonym Brittany York, Armitage was Playboys Playmate of the Month for October 1990. As a result, she appeared in many Playboy videos and promotions. Armitage also appeared in a pictorial in Maxim magazine in 1999. Aside from that, she also appeared on the cover of other magazines like Razor, DT, and Bikini. Armitage was also featured in TV commercials for brands like Reebok Sportswear, West cigarettes, Budweiser, Trac mobile phones, among others.
Acting career
Armitage started her acting career in the early 1990s with small roles on the TV show Full House and the film Miracle Beach. After that, she landed a leading role in the television series Acapulco H.E.A.T. from 1993 to 1994 and from 1996 to 1997. Armitage also appeared in popular TV shows like Seinfeld and the long-running soap opera The Bold and the Beautiful. She also had bit parts in movies such as Jerry Maguire and Driven.
Filmography
Film
Television
References
People educated at Island School
University of San Diego alumni
Hong Kong female swimmers
1990s Playboy Playmates
Hong Kong people of German descent
Hong Kong people of English descent
Hong Kong people of French descent
Actresses from Buckinghamshire
Actors from High Wycombe
1965 births
Living people
20th-century English women
20th-century English actors
Sportspeople from High Wycombe |
```python
# or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
# distributed with this work for additional information
# regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
#
# path_to_url
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
# specific language governing permissions and limitations
#
def make_messy_frame(num_rows, num_cols, num_cats, num_ints):
fid = open("/etc/dictionaries-common/words")
words=[line.strip() for line in fid.readlines()]
perm = np.random.permutation(num_cols)
num_catints = num_cats + num_ints
float_ids = perm[num_catints:]
int_ids = perm[num_cats:num_catints]
cat_ids = perm[0:num_cats]
d = {}
dtypes = {}
for col in cat_ids:
X = np.zeros((num_rows,), dtype=np.object);
for row in xrange(0, num_rows):
num_newlines = np.random.randint(3,7)
num_commas = np.random.randint(3,7)
X[row] = ""
tricky_delims = np.asarray(["\n"] * num_newlines + [","] * num_commas)
np.random.shuffle(tricky_delims)
for delim in tricky_delims:
X[row] += string.join(random.sample(words, 5), ' ')
X[row] += delim
X[row] += string.join(random.sample(words, 5), ' ')
d[col] = X
dtypes[col] = 'string'
for col in float_ids:
d[col] = np.random.randn(num_rows)
dtypes[col] = 'float'
min_int = [0, -2**7, 0 , -2**15, 0, -2**31, 0, -2**62]
max_int = [2**8, 2**7, 2**16, 2**15, 2**32, 2**31, 2**62, 2**62]
dtypes_int = ["uint8", "int8", "uint16", "int16", "uint32", "int32", "uint64", "int64"]
for col in int_ids:
j = np.random.randint(0, len(min_int))
d[col] = np.random.randint(min_int[j], max_int[j], num_rows)
dtypes[col] = dtypes_int[j]
return d, dtypes
``` |
Jarrahwood is a small town located in the South West region of Western Australia, near the Vasse Highway between Busselton and Nannup. At the 2021 census, the area had a population of nine.
History
The town is named for the Jarrah Wood and Saw Mills Company which operated in the area and operated a private railway from the district to Wonnerup, which was purchased by the Government in 1906. It was gazetted in 1932. The town lost much of its population after the closure of the local mill in 1982. A newspaper report from around this time described the town as containing "two schools, a hospital, a sizeable town hall, a number of diverse shops, a post office and about 50 company cottages".
Climate
Jarrahwood experiences a Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification Csb) with warm-to-hot summers and cool winters. It generally receives more rainfall and cooler minimum temperatures than Busselton.
References
Towns in Western Australia
City of Busselton
Timber towns in Western Australia |
```python
# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
import inspect
from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, Iterable, Optional, Tuple, Type, Union
import torch
from torch._streambase import _EventBase, _StreamBase
get_cuda_stream: Optional[Callable[[int], int]]
if torch.cuda._is_compiled():
from torch._C import _cuda_getCurrentRawStream as get_cuda_stream
else:
get_cuda_stream = None
_device_t = Union[torch.device, str, int, None]
# Recording the device properties in the main process but used in worker process.
caching_worker_device_properties: Dict[str, Any] = {}
caching_worker_current_devices: Dict[str, int] = {}
class DeviceInterfaceMeta(type):
def __new__(metacls, *args, **kwargs):
class_member = args[2]
if "Event" in class_member:
assert inspect.isclass(class_member["Event"]) and issubclass(
class_member["Event"], _EventBase
), "DeviceInterface member Event should be inherit from _EventBase"
if "Stream" in class_member:
assert inspect.isclass(class_member["Stream"]) and issubclass(
class_member["Stream"], _StreamBase
), "DeviceInterface member Stream should be inherit from _StreamBase"
return super().__new__(metacls, *args, **kwargs)
class DeviceInterface(metaclass=DeviceInterfaceMeta):
"""
This is a simple device runtime interface for Inductor. It enables custom
backends to be integrated with Inductor in a device-agnostic semantic.
"""
class device:
def __new__(cls, device: _device_t):
raise NotImplementedError
class Worker:
"""
Worker API to query device properties that will work in multi processing
workers that cannot use the GPU APIs (due to processing fork() and
initialization time issues). Properties are recorded in the main process
before we fork the workers.
"""
@staticmethod
def set_device(device: int):
raise NotImplementedError
@staticmethod
def current_device() -> int:
raise NotImplementedError
@staticmethod
def get_device_properties(device: _device_t = None):
raise NotImplementedError
@staticmethod
def current_device():
raise NotImplementedError
@staticmethod
def set_device(device: _device_t):
raise NotImplementedError
@staticmethod
def maybe_exchange_device(device: int) -> int:
raise NotImplementedError
@staticmethod
def exchange_device(device: int) -> int:
raise NotImplementedError
@staticmethod
def device_count():
raise NotImplementedError
@staticmethod
def is_available() -> bool:
raise NotImplementedError
@staticmethod
def stream(stream: torch.Stream):
raise NotImplementedError
@staticmethod
def current_stream():
raise NotImplementedError
@staticmethod
def set_stream(stream: torch.Stream):
raise NotImplementedError
@staticmethod
def _set_stream_by_id(stream_id: int, device_index: int, device_type: int):
raise NotImplementedError
@staticmethod
def get_raw_stream():
raise NotImplementedError
@staticmethod
def synchronize(device: _device_t = None):
raise NotImplementedError
@staticmethod
def get_device_properties(device: _device_t = None):
raise NotImplementedError
@staticmethod
def get_compute_capability(device: _device_t = None):
raise NotImplementedError
@staticmethod
def is_bf16_supported(including_emulation: bool = False):
raise NotImplementedError
class DeviceGuard:
"""
This class provides a context manager for device switching. This is a stripped
down version of torch.{device_name}.device.
The context manager changes the current device to the given device index
on entering the context and restores the original device on exiting.
The device is switched using the provided device interface.
"""
def __init__(
self, device_interface: Type[DeviceInterface], index: Optional[int]
) -> None:
self.device_interface = device_interface
self.idx = index
self.prev_idx = -1
def __enter__(self):
if self.idx is not None:
self.prev_idx = self.device_interface.exchange_device(self.idx)
def __exit__(self, type: Any, value: Any, traceback: Any):
if self.idx is not None:
self.idx = self.device_interface.maybe_exchange_device(self.prev_idx)
return False
class CudaInterface(DeviceInterface):
device = torch.cuda.device
# register Event and Stream class into the backend interface
# make sure Event and Stream are implemented and inherited from the _EventBase and _StreamBase
Event = torch.cuda.Event
Stream = torch.cuda.Stream
class Worker:
@staticmethod
def set_device(device: int):
caching_worker_current_devices["cuda"] = device
@staticmethod
def current_device() -> int:
if "cuda" in caching_worker_current_devices:
return caching_worker_current_devices["cuda"]
return torch.cuda.current_device()
@staticmethod
def get_device_properties(device: _device_t = None):
if device is not None:
if isinstance(device, str):
device = torch.device(device)
assert device.type == "cuda"
if isinstance(device, torch.device):
device = device.index
if device is None:
device = CudaInterface.Worker.current_device()
if "cuda" not in caching_worker_device_properties:
device_prop = [
torch.cuda.get_device_properties(i)
for i in range(torch.cuda.device_count())
]
caching_worker_device_properties["cuda"] = device_prop
return caching_worker_device_properties["cuda"][device]
current_device = staticmethod(torch.cuda.current_device)
set_device = staticmethod(torch.cuda.set_device)
device_count = staticmethod(torch.cuda.device_count)
stream = staticmethod(torch.cuda.stream) # type: ignore[assignment]
current_stream = staticmethod(torch.cuda.current_stream)
set_stream = staticmethod(torch.cuda.set_stream) # type: ignore[assignment]
_set_stream_by_id = staticmethod(torch.cuda._set_stream_by_id) # type: ignore[assignment]
synchronize = staticmethod(torch.cuda.synchronize)
get_device_properties = staticmethod(torch.cuda.get_device_properties) # type: ignore[assignment]
get_raw_stream = staticmethod(get_cuda_stream) # type: ignore[arg-type]
exchange_device = staticmethod(torch.cuda._exchange_device) # type: ignore[arg-type]
maybe_exchange_device = staticmethod(torch.cuda._maybe_exchange_device) # type: ignore[arg-type]
is_bf16_supported = staticmethod(torch.cuda.is_bf16_supported) # type: ignore[arg-type]
# Can be mock patched by @patch decorator.
@staticmethod
def is_available() -> bool:
return torch.cuda.is_available()
@staticmethod
def get_compute_capability(device: _device_t = None):
if torch.version.hip is None:
major, min = torch.cuda.get_device_capability(device)
return major * 10 + min
else:
return torch.cuda.get_device_properties(device).gcnArchName.split(":", 1)[0]
get_xpu_stream: Optional[Callable[[int], int]]
if torch.xpu._is_compiled():
from torch._C import _xpu_getCurrentRawStream as get_xpu_stream
else:
get_xpu_stream = None
class XpuInterface(DeviceInterface):
device = torch.xpu.device
Event = torch.xpu.Event
Stream = torch.xpu.Stream
class Worker:
@staticmethod
def set_device(device: int):
caching_worker_current_devices["xpu"] = device
@staticmethod
def current_device() -> int:
if "xpu" in caching_worker_current_devices:
return caching_worker_current_devices["xpu"]
return torch.xpu.current_device()
@staticmethod
def get_device_properties(device: _device_t = None):
if device is not None:
if isinstance(device, str):
device = torch.device(device)
assert device.type == "xpu"
if isinstance(device, torch.device):
device = device.index
if device is None:
device = XpuInterface.Worker.current_device()
if "xpu" not in caching_worker_device_properties:
device_prop = [
torch.xpu.get_device_properties(i)
for i in range(torch.xpu.device_count())
]
caching_worker_device_properties["xpu"] = device_prop
return caching_worker_device_properties["xpu"][device]
current_device = staticmethod(torch.xpu.current_device)
set_device = staticmethod(torch.xpu.set_device)
device_count = staticmethod(torch.xpu.device_count)
stream = staticmethod(torch.xpu.stream) # type: ignore[assignment]
current_stream = staticmethod(torch.xpu.current_stream)
set_stream = staticmethod(torch.xpu.set_stream) # type: ignore[assignment]
_set_stream_by_id = staticmethod(torch.xpu._set_stream_by_id) # type: ignore[assignment]
synchronize = staticmethod(torch.xpu.synchronize)
get_device_properties = staticmethod(torch.xpu.get_device_properties) # type: ignore[assignment]
get_raw_stream = staticmethod(get_xpu_stream) # type: ignore[arg-type]
exchange_device = staticmethod(torch.xpu._exchange_device) # type: ignore[arg-type]
maybe_exchange_device = staticmethod(torch.xpu._maybe_exchange_device) # type: ignore[arg-type]
# Can be mock patched by @patch decorator.
@staticmethod
def is_available() -> bool:
return torch.xpu.is_available()
@staticmethod
def get_compute_capability(device: _device_t = None):
cc = torch.xpu.get_device_capability(device)
return cc
@staticmethod
def is_bf16_supported(including_emulation: bool = False) -> bool:
return torch.xpu.is_bf16_supported()
device_interfaces: Dict[str, Type[DeviceInterface]] = {}
_device_initialized = False
def register_interface_for_device(
device: Union[str, torch.device], device_interface: Type[DeviceInterface]
):
if isinstance(device, torch.device):
device = str(device)
device_interfaces[device] = device_interface
def get_interface_for_device(device: Union[str, torch.device]) -> Type[DeviceInterface]:
if isinstance(device, torch.device):
device = str(device)
if not _device_initialized:
init_device_reg()
if device in device_interfaces:
return device_interfaces[device]
raise NotImplementedError(f"No interface for device {device}")
def get_registered_device_interfaces() -> Iterable[Tuple[str, Type[DeviceInterface]]]:
if not _device_initialized:
init_device_reg()
return device_interfaces.items()
def init_device_reg():
global _device_initialized
register_interface_for_device("cuda", CudaInterface)
for i in range(torch.cuda.device_count()):
register_interface_for_device(f"cuda:{i}", CudaInterface)
register_interface_for_device("xpu", XpuInterface)
for i in range(torch.xpu.device_count()):
register_interface_for_device(f"xpu:{i}", XpuInterface)
_device_initialized = True
``` |
Anis al-Qaq (Arabic: القاق، أنيس) (born June 1, 1947) is a former dentist, Palestinian Authority Deputy minister and ambassador.
Early life and career
Anis al-Qaq received a BSc in Dentistry from the University of Baghdad in 1971. After his graduation he opened a private clinic in Jerusalem. From 1982 to 1984 he continued his education in Buckinghamshire, UK, specializing in Oral surgery.
Other activities:
1985–90 Chairman of the Dental Association in the West Bank.
1986–90 Head of the Professionals’ Union
1989– chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Palestinian National Theater in Jerusalem
1989– Executive Member, Council for Higher Education
1989– President of the Palestinian-Swedish Friendship Society
1989– Secretary General of the Health Services Council
1989– Board Member of the International Coordinating Committee on the Question of Palestine (ICCP)
1989– Member of the Coordinating Committee for NGOs on the Question of Palestine in the Occupied Palestinian Territories
1989– Member of the Palestinian Medical School Committee
2002– Co-chairperson International Forum for Peace
2004– Member of the editorial board of the Palestine–Israel Journal
2004– President of the Center for Health Services in Jerusalem
Politics
Al-Qaq became Deputy Assistant to the PA Minister of Planning and International Cooperation in 1994. He became ambassador of the Palestinian National Authority to Switzerland in 2003. In 2009 he retired from politics.
In 2002 he founded with Ofer Bronchtein, the International Forum for Peace which aims to promote dialogue between Israelis and Palestinians, Europeans and Mediterraneans, and implement cultural, economic and Social development projects.
See also
Education in the State of Palestine
Healthcare in the State of Palestine
References
1947 births
Fatah members
Palestine Liberation Organization
Palestine Liberation Organization members
Palestinian Arab nationalists
Palestinian Muslims
Palestinian nationalists
People of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict
Living people |
In the customs of the kingdom of England, the caput baroniae (Latin, 'head of the barony') was the ancient, or chief seat or castle of a nobleman, which was not to be divided among the daughters upon his death, in case there be no son to inherit. Instead, it was to descend entirely to the eldest daughter, caeteris filiabus aliunde satisfactis (other daughters satisfied elsewhere).
The central settlement in an Anglo-Saxon multiple estate was called a caput, (also short for caput baroniae). The word is also used for the centre of administration of a hundred.
References
English family law
Feudalism in England
Society of England |
Lucius Cassius Dio (), also known as Dio Cassius ( ), was a Roman historian and senator of maternal Greek origin. He published 80 volumes of the history of ancient Rome, beginning with the arrival of Aeneas in Italy. The volumes documented the subsequent founding of Rome (753 BC), the formation of the Republic (509 BC), and the creation of the Empire (27 BC) up until 229 AD, during the reign of Severus Alexander. Written in Ancient Greek over 22 years, Dio's work covers approximately 1,000 years of history. Many of his 80 books have survived intact, or as fragments, providing modern scholars with a detailed perspective on Roman history.
Biography
Lucius Cassius Dio was the son of Cassius Apronianus, a Roman senator and member of the Cassia gens, who was born and raised at Nicaea in Bithynia. Byzantine tradition maintains that Dio's mother was the daughter or sister of the Greek orator and philosopher, Dio Chrysostom; however, this relationship has been disputed. Although Dio was a Roman citizen, he wrote in Greek. Dio always maintained a love for his hometown of Nicaea, calling it "my home", as opposed to his description of his villa in Capua, Italy ("the place where I spend my time whenever I am in Italy").
For the greater part of his life, Dio was a member of the public service. He was a senator under Commodus and governor of Smyrna following the death of Septimius Severus; he became a suffect consul in approximately the year 205. Dio was also proconsul in Africa and Pannonia. Severus Alexander held Dio in the highest esteem and reappointed him to the position of consul in 229. Following his second consulship, while in his later years, Dio returned to his native Bithynia, where he eventually died.
Dio was either the grandfather or great-grandfather of Cassius Dio, consul in 291.
Roman History
Dio published a Roman History (, ), in 80 books, after twenty-two years of research and labour. On the matter of its composition, he writes the following: "I spent ten years in collecting all the achievements of the Romans from the beginning down to the death of Severus [211 AD], and twelve years more in composing my work. As for subsequent events, they also shall be recorded, down to whatever point it shall be permitted me".
The books cover a period of approximately 1,400 years, beginning with the tales from Roman mythology of the arrival of the legendary Aeneas in Italy () and the founding of Rome by his descendant Romulus (753 BC); as well as the historic events of the republican and imperial eras through 229 AD. The work is one of only three written Roman sources that document the British revolt of 60–61 AD led by Boudica. Until the first century BC, Dio provides only a summary of events; after that period, his accounts become more detailed.
Dio's work has often been deprecated as unreliable and lacking any overall political aim. Recently, however, some scholars have re-evaluated his work and have highlighted his complexity and sophisticated political and historical interpretations.
Survey of surviving books and fragments
The first 21 books have been partially reconstructed based on fragments from other works, as well as the 12th-century epitome of Joannes Zonaras who used Dio's Roman History as a main source. Scholarship on this part of Dio's work is scarce but the importance of the Early Republic and Regal period to Dio's overall work has recently been underlined. Books 22 through 35, which are only sparsely covered by fragments, were already lost by the times of Zonaras.
The books that follow, Books 36 through 54, are all nearly complete; they cover the period from 65 BC to 12 BC, or from the eastern campaign of Pompey and the death of Mithridates to the death of Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa. Book 55 contains a considerable gap, while Books 56 through 60 (which cover the period from 9–54 AD) are complete and contain events from the defeat of Varus in Germany to the death of Claudius.
Of the 20 subsequent books in the series, there remain only fragments and the meager abridgement of John Xiphilinus, a Byzantine monk from the 11th century sponsored by emperor Michael VII Doukas. The abridgment of Xiphilinus, as now extant, commences with Book 35 and continues to the end of Book 80. The last book covers the period from 222 to 229 AD (the first half of the reign of Alexander Severus).
Collections of book fragments
The fragments of the first 36 books have been collected in four ways:
Fragmenta Valesiana Fragments that were dispersed throughout various writers, scholiasts, grammarians, and lexicographers, and were collected by Henri Valois
Fragmenta Peiresciana Large extracts, found in the section entitled "Of Virtues and Vices", contained in the collection, or portative library, compiled by order of Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus. The manuscript of this belonged to Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc.
Fragmenta Ursiniana The fragments of the first 34 books, preserved in the second section of the same work by Constantine, entitled "Of Embassies". These are known under the name of Fragmenta Ursiniana, as the manuscript in which they are contained was found in Sicily by Fulvio Orsini.
Excerpta Vaticana Excerpta Vaticana by Angelo Mai contains fragments of Books 1 to 35 and 61 to 80. Additionally, fragments of an unknown continuator of Dio (Anonymus post Dionem), generally identified with the 6th century CE historian Peter the Patrician, are included; these date from the time of Constantine. Other fragments from Dio that are primarily associated with the first 34 books were found by Mai in two Vatican manuscripts; these contain a collection that was compiled by Maximus Planudes. The annals of Joannes Zonaras also contain numerous extracts from Dio.
Content
An outline of Roman History.
Books of Roman History
See also
Tacitus
Severan dynasty
Herodian
Roman historiography
Notes
References
Further reading
External links
Greek text of Dio's Roman History at the Perseus Digital Library (Earnest Cary & Herbert Baldwin Foster, Loeb Classical Library, 1914–1927)
Greek text of Dio's Roman History at Poesia Latina (1914–1927 edition)
English translation of Dio's Roman History on LacusCurtius (1914–1927 edition)
Greek text with French Translation (Étienne Gros and V. Boissée, 1845–1870)
Dio Cassius: the Manuscripts of "The Roman History" at the Tertullian Project
Editio princeps: ΤΩΝ ΔΙΩΝΟΣ ΡΩΜΑΪΚΩΝ ΙΣΤΟΡΙΩΝ ΕΙΚΟΣΙΤΡΙΑ ΒΙΒΛΙΑ: Dionis Romanarum historiarum libri XXIII, à XXXVI ad LVIII vsque , Greek text edited by Robert Estienne, Paris, 1548. Held by the Corning Museum of Glass.
Editio princeps of Xiphilinus's Epitome (Robert Estienne, Paris, 1551) at Google Books
150s births
230s deaths
3rd-century historians
2nd-century Greek people
3rd-century Greek people
2nd-century Romans
3rd-century Romans
Dio
Imperial Roman consuls
Historians from Roman Anatolia
People from Nicaea
Greek-language historians from the Roman Empire
Roman governors of Africa
Year of birth uncertain
Year of death uncertain |
Governor Martinez may refer to:
Antonio María Martínez (died 1823), 38th Governor of the Spanish Colony of Texas
Bob Martinez (born 1934), 40th Governor of Florida
Susana Martinez (born 1959), 31st Governor of New Mexico |
The term terra rosa (a misspelling of 'terra rossa', Italian for "red soil") can refer to:
Terra rosa (soil), a red clay soil produced by the weathering of limestone
Terra rosa (colour), a red colour
Terra Rosa (band), a Japanese hard rock band |
Johannes Magirus (c. 1560 – 1596) was a German physician and natural philosopher. He was born at Fritzlar about 1560; his background was Lutheran. He studied at the University of Padua, and took a medical degree at the University of Marburg in 1585.
Works
Physiologiae Peripateticae libri sex (1597). This was a textbook treatment of Aristotelian philosophy, and was still in use 50 years later. It was employed to teach physics in the early years of Harvard College. Isaac Newton was introduced to natural philosophy by this work of Magirus and one of Daniel Stahl. It used the works of: Hermolao Barbaro, Gasparo Contarini, Thomas Erastus, Philipp Melanchthon, Arcangelus Mercenarius, Francesco Patrizzi, Julius Caesar Scaliger, Jakob Schegk, Johannes Velcurio, Francesco Vimercato, and Jacopo Zabarella.
Notes
1560s births
1596 deaths
Year of birth uncertain
16th-century German physicians
German philosophers
Natural philosophers
16th-century German writers
16th-century German male writers |
```shell
Using tags for version control
Pushing tags to a server
You can use git offline!
Search for commits by author
Use `short` status to make output more compact
``` |
James Lockhart (born 16 October 1930) is a Scottish conductor, pianist and organist who served as music director for a number of organisations.
Lockhart was born on 16 October 1930 in Edinburgh and studied at the Royal College of Music. In March 1954 he gave the first UK performance of Frank Martin's Sonata da Chiesa for Viola d'Amore and Organ at All Souls Church, Langham Place with the violist Harry Danks. He worked as a (singing coach) at the , Germany from 1955 to 1956. He was music director at Welsh National Opera from 1968 to 1972, and at the opera of the from 1972 to 1978 — the first British born person to hold that position with a German opera. He was the Royal College of Music's director of opera from 1986 to 1992. He appeared as a castaway on the BBC Radio programme Desert Island Discs on 18 April 1970.
References
1930 births
Living people
Scottish conductors (music)
British male conductors (music)
Music directors (opera)
Musicians from Edinburgh
Scottish pianists
Scottish organists
British male organists
21st-century British conductors (music)
21st-century British pianists
21st-century organists
21st-century British male musicians |
Ariel Behar and Gonzalo Escobar were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.
Ruben Gonzales and Reese Stalder won the title after defeating Nicolás Barrientos and Miguel Ángel Reyes-Varela 7–6(7–5), 6–3 in the final.
Seeds
Draw
References
External links
Main draw
República Dominicana Open - Doubles
2022 Doubles |
Jasmine Bacurnay Lee (born Jasmine Bacurnay y Villanueva; January 6, 1977) is a South Korean television personality, actress and civil servant. Elected as a proportional representative in South Korea's National Assembly in 2012, she is the first non-ethnic Korean and naturalized South Korean to become a lawmaker.
Early life and education
Jasmine met South Korean mariner Lee Dong-ho in Davao del Norte when she was still a college student majoring in biology at Ateneo de Davao University in 1994. They got married and first visited South Korea in 1995 and finally united in 1996. They have two children, a son Lee Seung-geun and a daughter Lee Seung-yeon. She became a naturalized South Korean in 1998. Her husband died of a heart attack in 2010 while saving their daughter from drowning in a whirlpool in a mountain stream in Okcheon, Gangwon while on a family vacation.
Career
Since 2006, she has been a panelist on the KBS program "Love in Asia" and has also appeared on a Korean language program on educational channel EBS.
As an actress, she played the role of the mother of lead actor Yoo Ah-in in the highly acclaimed 2011 film Punch which drew 5.3 million viewers. She also appeared in the 2010 film Secret Reunion.
In January 2012, Lee became the first Filipino to receive the Korea Image Millstone Award from the Corea Image Communication Institute (CICI). She was cited for her volunteer and charity works for foreign immigrants in South Korea. An advocate of multiculturalism in South Korea, she regularly gives lectures about the subject to teachers and student leaders.
She is the secretary general of Waterdrop, a charity formed by foreign spouses of South Koreans, and worked at the Foreign Residents Assistance Division of the Seoul Metropolitan Government.
On April 11, 2012, she was elected as a proportional representative in South Korea's National Assembly election following her party's majority victory in the polls held. With her win, she made history in South Korea as the first Filipina and naturalized South Korean to become a lawmaker. Lee's win was a result of the victory of the ruling Saenuri Party, to which she belongs.
Lee was excluded from the party's list for the 2016 election and left office on May 29, 2016.
Criticism
Since the 2012 election, Lee has been hit by charges of misrepresenting her education, after claiming on national television to have attended medical school in the Philippines when in fact she had simply taken biology classes during college.
Some South Koreans engaged in racist criticism of Lee, stating that she was not a "true" South Korean due to being from the Philippines. One South Korean spoke out against the racist behavior of Lee's critics, stating that South Koreans were more concerned about engaging in racist vitriol against politicians, whereas in other countries, people were more concerned about a politician's professional qualifications.
References
1977 births
Visayan people
Liberty Korea Party politicians
Filipino television presenters
Filipino women television presenters
Filipino activists
Filipino women activists
People from Davao City
Living people
Members of the National Assembly (South Korea)
Filipino emigrants to South Korea
Naturalized citizens of South Korea
South Korean activists
South Korean women activists
South Korean people of Filipino descent
South Korean women television presenters
South Korean television presenters
Ateneo de Davao University alumni |
The Martyred Presidents is a 1901 American film directed by Edwin S. Porter.
Plot summary
The film, just over a minute long, is composed of two shots. In the first, a girl sits at the base of an altar or tomb, her face hidden from the camera. At the center of the altar, a viewing portal displays the portraits of three U.S. Presidents—Abraham Lincoln, James A. Garfield, and William McKinley—each victims of assassination.
In the second shot, which runs just over eight seconds long, an assassin kneels at the feet of Lady Justice.
Production
Evocative of early magic lantern and Phantasmagoria shows, The Martyred Presidents is part of a cycle of films made by the Edison Studios to chronicle the McKinley assassination in Buffalo, New York at the 1901 Pan-American Exposition. An Edison catalog from the time suggests to exhibitors that The Martyred Presidents be used as a closing tableau when "...shown in connection with the funeral ceremonies of the illustrious McKinley."
Notes
External links
1901 films
1900s English-language films
American black-and-white films
American silent short films
Films about assassinations
Assassination of Abraham Lincoln
Cultural depictions of Abraham Lincoln
Assassination of James A. Garfield
Cultural depictions of James A. Garfield
Assassination of William McKinley
Cultural depictions of William McKinley
Films directed by Edwin S. Porter
1900s American films |
Oscar S. Strático (born January 19, 1956) is a retired competitive judoka from Argentina, who represented his native country at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Strático won the bronze medal at the 1975 Pan American Games in the men's lightweight division (– 70 kg). An older brother of Olympic judoka Alejandro Strático he switched from judo to wrestling, and represented Argentina in this sport at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California.
References
Profile
External links
1956 births
Living people
Argentine male judoka
Judoka at the 1976 Summer Olympics
Wrestlers at the 1984 Summer Olympics
Argentine male sport wrestlers
Olympic judoka for Argentina
Olympic wrestlers for Argentina
Place of birth missing (living people)
Pan American Games bronze medalists for Argentina
Pan American Games medalists in judo
Judoka at the 1975 Pan American Games
Medalists at the 1975 Pan American Games
Sambokas at the 1983 Pan American Games
20th-century Argentine people
21st-century Argentine people |
Epermenia illigerella is a moth of the family Epermeniidae. It is known from most of Europe (except the Iberian Peninsula and the western and southern part of the Balkan Peninsula), as well as western Siberia and the Altai region.
The wingspan is 12–13 mm.
The larvae feed on the leaves of Aegopodium podagrariae.
References
External links
lepiforum.de
Epermeniidae
Moths of Europe
Moths described in 1813
Moths of Asia |
The heats for the men's 50 metre breaststroke race at the 2009 World Championships took place in the morning and evening of 28 July and the final took place in the evening session of 29 July at the Foro Italico in Rome, Italy.
Records
Prior to this competition, the existing world and competition records were as follows:
The following records were established during the competition:
Results
Heats
Semifinals
Final
See also
Swimming at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships – Men's 50 metre breaststroke
References
External links
Heats Results
Semifinals Results
Final Results
Breaststroke Men 50 |
```python
# your_sha256_hash___________
#
# Pyomo: Python Optimization Modeling Objects
# National Technology and Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC
# Under the terms of Contract DE-NA0003525 with National Technology and
# Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC, the U.S. Government retains certain
# rights in this software.
# your_sha256_hash___________
#
# Unit Tests for Port
#
import pyomo.common.unittest as unittest
from io import StringIO
from pyomo.environ import (
ConcreteModel,
AbstractModel,
Var,
Set,
NonNegativeReals,
Binary,
Reals,
Integers,
RangeSet,
)
from pyomo.network import Port, Arc
class TestPort(unittest.TestCase):
def test_default_scalar_constructor(self):
model = ConcreteModel()
model.c = Port()
self.assertEqual(len(model.c), 1)
self.assertEqual(len(model.c.vars), 0)
model = AbstractModel()
model.c = Port()
self.assertEqual(len(model.c), 0)
# FIXME: Not sure I like this behavior: but since this is
# (currently) an attribute, there is no way to check for
# construction without converting it to a property.
#
# TODO: if we move away from multiple inheritance for
# simplevars, then this can trigger an exception (cleanly)
self.assertEqual(len(model.c.vars), 0)
inst = model.create_instance()
self.assertEqual(len(inst.c), 1)
self.assertEqual(len(inst.c.vars), 0)
def test_default_indexed_constructor(self):
model = ConcreteModel()
model.c = Port([1, 2, 3])
self.assertEqual(len(model.c), 3)
self.assertEqual(len(model.c[1].vars), 0)
model = AbstractModel()
model.c = Port([1, 2, 3])
self.assertEqual(len(model.c), 0)
self.assertRaises(ValueError, model.c.__getitem__, 1)
inst = model.create_instance()
self.assertEqual(len(inst.c), 3)
self.assertEqual(len(inst.c[1].vars), 0)
def test_add_scalar_vars(self):
pipe = ConcreteModel()
pipe.flow = Var()
pipe.pIn = Var(within=NonNegativeReals)
pipe.pOut = Var(within=NonNegativeReals)
pipe.OUT = Port()
pipe.OUT.add(pipe.flow, "flow")
pipe.OUT.add(pipe.pOut, "pressure")
self.assertEqual(len(pipe.OUT), 1)
self.assertEqual(len(pipe.OUT.vars), 2)
self.assertFalse(pipe.OUT.vars['flow'].is_expression_type())
pipe.IN = Port()
pipe.IN.add(-pipe.flow, "flow")
pipe.IN.add(pipe.pIn, "pressure")
self.assertEqual(len(pipe.IN), 1)
self.assertEqual(len(pipe.IN.vars), 2)
self.assertTrue(pipe.IN.vars['flow'].is_expression_type())
def test_add_indexed_vars(self):
pipe = ConcreteModel()
pipe.SPECIES = Set(initialize=['a', 'b', 'c'])
pipe.flow = Var()
pipe.composition = Var(pipe.SPECIES)
pipe.pIn = Var(within=NonNegativeReals)
pipe.OUT = Port()
pipe.OUT.add(pipe.flow, "flow")
pipe.OUT.add(pipe.composition, "composition")
pipe.OUT.add(pipe.pIn, "pressure")
self.assertEqual(len(pipe.OUT), 1)
self.assertEqual(len(pipe.OUT.vars), 3)
def test_fixed(self):
pipe = ConcreteModel()
pipe.SPECIES = Set(initialize=['a', 'b', 'c'])
pipe.flow = Var()
pipe.composition = Var(pipe.SPECIES)
pipe.pIn = Var(within=NonNegativeReals)
pipe.OUT = Port()
self.assertTrue(pipe.OUT.is_fixed())
pipe.OUT.add(pipe.flow, "flow")
self.assertFalse(pipe.OUT.is_fixed())
pipe.flow.fix(0)
self.assertTrue(pipe.OUT.is_fixed())
pipe.OUT.add(-pipe.pIn, "pressure")
self.assertFalse(pipe.OUT.is_fixed())
pipe.pIn.fix(1)
self.assertTrue(pipe.OUT.is_fixed())
pipe.OUT.add(pipe.composition, "composition")
self.assertFalse(pipe.OUT.is_fixed())
pipe.composition['a'].fix(1)
self.assertFalse(pipe.OUT.is_fixed())
pipe.composition['b'].fix(1)
pipe.composition['c'].fix(1)
self.assertTrue(pipe.OUT.is_fixed())
m = ConcreteModel()
m.SPECIES = Set(initialize=['a', 'b', 'c'])
m.flow = Var()
m.composition = Var(m.SPECIES)
m.pIn = Var(within=NonNegativeReals)
m.port = Port()
m.port.add(m.flow, "flow")
m.port.add(-m.pIn, "pressure")
m.port.add(m.composition, "composition")
m.port.fix()
self.assertTrue(m.port.is_fixed())
def test_polynomial_degree(self):
pipe = ConcreteModel()
pipe.SPECIES = Set(initialize=['a', 'b', 'c'])
pipe.flow = Var()
pipe.composition = Var(pipe.SPECIES)
pipe.pIn = Var(within=NonNegativeReals)
pipe.OUT = Port()
self.assertEqual(pipe.OUT.polynomial_degree(), 0)
pipe.OUT.add(pipe.flow, "flow")
self.assertEqual(pipe.OUT.polynomial_degree(), 1)
pipe.flow.fix(0)
self.assertEqual(pipe.OUT.polynomial_degree(), 0)
pipe.OUT.add(-pipe.pIn, "pressure")
self.assertEqual(pipe.OUT.polynomial_degree(), 1)
pipe.pIn.fix(1)
self.assertEqual(pipe.OUT.polynomial_degree(), 0)
pipe.OUT.add(pipe.composition, "composition")
self.assertEqual(pipe.OUT.polynomial_degree(), 1)
pipe.composition['a'].fix(1)
self.assertEqual(pipe.OUT.polynomial_degree(), 1)
pipe.composition['b'].fix(1)
pipe.composition['c'].fix(1)
self.assertEqual(pipe.OUT.polynomial_degree(), 0)
pipe.OUT.add(pipe.flow * pipe.pIn, "quadratic")
self.assertEqual(pipe.OUT.polynomial_degree(), 0)
pipe.flow.unfix()
self.assertEqual(pipe.OUT.polynomial_degree(), 1)
pipe.pIn.unfix()
self.assertEqual(pipe.OUT.polynomial_degree(), 2)
pipe.OUT.add(pipe.flow / pipe.pIn, "nonLin")
self.assertEqual(pipe.OUT.polynomial_degree(), None)
def test_potentially_variable(self):
m = ConcreteModel()
m.x = Var()
m.p = Port()
self.assertTrue(m.p.is_potentially_variable())
m.p.add(-m.x)
self.assertTrue(m.p.is_potentially_variable())
def test_binary(self):
m = ConcreteModel()
m.x = Var(domain=Binary)
m.y = Var(domain=Reals)
m.p = Port()
self.assertTrue(m.p.is_binary())
m.p.add(m.x)
self.assertTrue(m.p.is_binary())
m.p.add(-m.x, "foo")
self.assertTrue(m.p.is_binary())
m.p.add(m.y)
self.assertFalse(m.p.is_binary())
m.p.remove('y')
self.assertTrue(m.p.is_binary())
m.p.add(-m.y, "bar")
self.assertFalse(m.p.is_binary())
def test_integer(self):
m = ConcreteModel()
m.x = Var(domain=Integers)
m.y = Var(domain=Reals)
m.p = Port()
self.assertTrue(m.p.is_integer())
m.p.add(m.x)
self.assertTrue(m.p.is_integer())
m.p.add(-m.x, "foo")
self.assertTrue(m.p.is_integer())
m.p.add(m.y)
self.assertFalse(m.p.is_integer())
m.p.remove('y')
self.assertTrue(m.p.is_integer())
m.p.add(-m.y, "bar")
self.assertFalse(m.p.is_integer())
def test_continuous(self):
m = ConcreteModel()
m.x = Var(domain=Reals)
m.y = Var(domain=Integers)
m.p = Port()
self.assertTrue(m.p.is_continuous())
m.p.add(m.x)
self.assertTrue(m.p.is_continuous())
m.p.add(-m.x, "foo")
self.assertTrue(m.p.is_continuous())
m.p.add(m.y)
self.assertFalse(m.p.is_continuous())
m.p.remove('y')
self.assertTrue(m.p.is_continuous())
m.p.add(-m.y, "bar")
self.assertFalse(m.p.is_continuous())
def test_getattr(self):
m = ConcreteModel()
m.x = Var()
m.port = Port()
m.port.add(m.x)
self.assertIs(m.port.x, m.x)
def test_arc_lists(self):
m = ConcreteModel()
m.x = Var()
m.p1 = Port()
m.p2 = Port()
m.p3 = Port()
m.p4 = Port()
m.p5 = Port()
m.p1.add(m.x)
m.p2.add(m.x)
m.p3.add(m.x)
m.p4.add(m.x)
m.p5.add(m.x)
m.a1 = Arc(source=m.p1, destination=m.p2)
m.a2 = Arc(source=m.p1, destination=m.p3)
m.a3 = Arc(source=m.p4, destination=m.p1)
m.a4 = Arc(source=m.p5, destination=m.p1)
self.assertEqual(len(m.p1.dests()), 2)
self.assertEqual(len(m.p1.sources()), 2)
self.assertEqual(len(m.p1.arcs()), 4)
self.assertEqual(len(m.p2.dests()), 0)
self.assertEqual(len(m.p2.sources()), 1)
self.assertEqual(len(m.p2.arcs()), 1)
self.assertIn(m.a1, m.p1.dests())
self.assertIn(m.a1, m.p2.sources())
self.assertNotIn(m.a1, m.p1.sources())
self.assertNotIn(m.a1, m.p2.dests())
self.assertEqual(len(m.p1.dests(active=True)), 2)
self.assertEqual(len(m.p1.sources(active=True)), 2)
self.assertEqual(len(m.p1.arcs(active=True)), 4)
self.assertEqual(len(m.p2.dests(active=True)), 0)
self.assertEqual(len(m.p2.sources(active=True)), 1)
self.assertEqual(len(m.p2.arcs(active=True)), 1)
self.assertIn(m.a1, m.p1.dests(active=True))
self.assertIn(m.a1, m.p2.sources(active=True))
self.assertNotIn(m.a1, m.p1.sources(active=True))
self.assertNotIn(m.a1, m.p2.dests(active=True))
m.a2.deactivate()
self.assertNotIn(m.a2, m.p1.dests(active=True))
self.assertNotIn(m.a2, m.p3.sources(active=True))
self.assertIn(m.a2, m.p1.dests(active=False))
self.assertIn(m.a2, m.p3.sources(active=False))
self.assertIn(m.a2, m.p1.arcs(active=False))
self.assertIn(m.a2, m.p3.arcs(active=False))
self.assertIn(m.a2, m.p1.dests())
self.assertIn(m.a2, m.p3.sources())
self.assertIn(m.a2, m.p1.arcs())
self.assertIn(m.a2, m.p3.arcs())
def test_remove(self):
m = ConcreteModel()
m.x = Var()
m.port = Port()
m.port.add(m.x)
self.assertIn('x', m.port.vars)
self.assertIn('x', m.port._rules)
m.port.remove('x')
self.assertNotIn('x', m.port.vars)
self.assertNotIn('x', m.port._rules)
def test_extends(self):
m = ConcreteModel()
m.x = Var()
m.p1 = Port()
m.p1.add(m.x, rule=Port.Extensive)
m.p2 = Port(extends=m.p1)
self.assertIs(m.p2.x, m.x)
self.assertIs(m.p2.rule_for('x'), Port.Extensive)
self.assertTrue(m.p2.is_extensive('x'))
self.assertFalse(m.p2.is_equality('x'))
def test_add_from_containers(self):
m = ConcreteModel()
m.x = Var()
m.y = Var()
m.p1 = Port(initialize=[m.x, m.y])
m.p2 = Port(initialize=[(m.x, Port.Equality), (m.y, Port.Extensive)])
m.p3 = Port(initialize=dict(this=m.x, that=m.y))
m.p4 = Port(
initialize=dict(this=(m.x, Port.Equality), that=(m.y, Port.Extensive))
)
self.assertIs(m.p1.x, m.x)
self.assertIs(m.p1.y, m.y)
self.assertIs(m.p2.x, m.x)
self.assertTrue(m.p2.is_equality('x'))
self.assertIs(m.p2.y, m.y)
self.assertTrue(m.p2.is_extensive('y'))
self.assertIs(m.p3.this, m.x)
self.assertIs(m.p3.that, m.y)
self.assertIs(m.p4.this, m.x)
self.assertTrue(m.p4.is_equality('this'))
self.assertIs(m.p4.that, m.y)
self.assertTrue(m.p4.is_extensive('that'))
def test_fix_unfix(self):
m = ConcreteModel()
m.x = Var()
m.port = Port()
m.port.add(m.x)
m.x.value = 10
m.port.fix()
self.assertTrue(m.x.is_fixed())
m.port.unfix()
self.assertFalse(m.x.is_fixed())
def test_iter_vars(self):
def contains(item, container):
# use this instead of "in" to avoid "==" operation
return any(item is mem for mem in container)
m = ConcreteModel()
m.s = RangeSet(5)
m.x = Var()
m.y = Var()
m.z = Var(m.s)
m.a = Var()
m.b = Var()
m.c = Var()
expr = m.a + m.b * m.c
p = m.p = Port()
v = list(p.iter_vars())
self.assertEqual(len(v), 0)
p.add(m.x)
v = list(p.iter_vars())
self.assertEqual(len(v), 1)
p.add(m.y)
v = list(p.iter_vars())
self.assertEqual(len(v), 2)
p.add(m.z)
v = list(p.iter_vars())
self.assertEqual(len(v), 7)
self.assertTrue(contains(m.x, v))
self.assertTrue(contains(m.z[3], v))
p.add(expr, "expr")
v = list(p.iter_vars())
self.assertEqual(len(v), 8)
self.assertTrue(contains(m.x, v))
self.assertTrue(contains(m.z[3], v))
self.assertTrue(contains(expr, v))
m.x.fix(0)
v = list(p.iter_vars())
self.assertEqual(len(v), 8)
v = list(p.iter_vars(fixed=False))
self.assertEqual(len(v), 7)
self.assertTrue(contains(m.z[3], v))
self.assertTrue(contains(expr, v))
v = list(p.iter_vars(fixed=True))
self.assertEqual(len(v), 1)
self.assertIn(m.x, v)
v = list(p.iter_vars(expr_vars=True))
self.assertEqual(len(v), 10)
self.assertFalse(contains(expr, v))
self.assertTrue(contains(m.a, v))
self.assertTrue(contains(m.b, v))
m.a.fix(0)
v = list(p.iter_vars(expr_vars=True, fixed=False))
self.assertEqual(len(v), 8)
m.b.fix(0)
m.c.fix(0)
v = list(p.iter_vars(expr_vars=True, fixed=False))
self.assertEqual(len(v), 6)
v = list(p.iter_vars(fixed=False))
self.assertEqual(len(v), 6)
self.assertFalse(contains(expr, v))
v = list(p.iter_vars(expr_vars=True, names=True))
self.assertEqual(len(v), 10)
self.assertEqual(len(v[0]), 3)
for t in v:
if t[0] == 'x':
self.assertIs(t[2], m.x)
break
def test_pprint(self):
pipe = ConcreteModel()
pipe.SPECIES = Set(initialize=['a', 'b', 'c'])
pipe.flow = Var()
pipe.composition = Var(pipe.SPECIES)
pipe.pIn = Var(within=NonNegativeReals)
pipe.OUT = Port(implicit=['imp'])
pipe.OUT.add(-pipe.flow, "flow")
pipe.OUT.add(pipe.composition, "composition")
pipe.OUT.add(pipe.composition['a'], "comp_a")
pipe.OUT.add(pipe.pIn, "pressure")
os = StringIO()
pipe.OUT.pprint(ostream=os)
self.assertEqual(
os.getvalue(),
"""OUT : Size=1, Index=None
Key : Name : Size : Variable
None : comp_a : 1 : composition[a]
: composition : 3 : composition
: flow : 1 : - flow
: imp : - : None
: pressure : 1 : pIn
""",
)
def _IN(m, i):
return {'pressure': pipe.pIn, 'flow': pipe.composition[i] * pipe.flow}
pipe.IN = Port(pipe.SPECIES, rule=_IN)
os = StringIO()
pipe.IN.pprint(ostream=os)
self.assertEqual(
os.getvalue(),
"""IN : Size=3, Index=SPECIES
Key : Name : Size : Variable
a : flow : 1 : composition[a]*flow
: pressure : 1 : pIn
b : flow : 1 : composition[b]*flow
: pressure : 1 : pIn
c : flow : 1 : composition[c]*flow
: pressure : 1 : pIn
""",
)
def test_display(self):
pipe = ConcreteModel()
pipe.SPECIES = Set(initialize=['a', 'b', 'c'])
pipe.flow = Var(initialize=10)
pipe.composition = Var(pipe.SPECIES, initialize=lambda m, i: ord(i) - ord('a'))
pipe.pIn = Var(within=NonNegativeReals, initialize=3.14)
pipe.OUT = Port(implicit=['imp'])
pipe.OUT.add(-pipe.flow, "flow")
pipe.OUT.add(pipe.composition, "composition")
pipe.OUT.add(pipe.pIn, "pressure")
os = StringIO()
pipe.OUT.display(ostream=os)
self.assertEqual(
os.getvalue(),
"""OUT : Size=1
Key : Name : Value
None : composition : {'a': 0, 'b': 1, 'c': 2}
: flow : -10
: imp : -
: pressure : 3.14
""",
)
def _IN(m, i):
return {'pressure': pipe.pIn, 'flow': pipe.composition[i] * pipe.flow}
pipe.IN = Port(pipe.SPECIES, rule=_IN)
os = StringIO()
pipe.IN.display(ostream=os)
self.assertEqual(
os.getvalue(),
"""IN : Size=3
Key : Name : Value
a : flow : 0
: pressure : 3.14
b : flow : 10
: pressure : 3.14
c : flow : 20
: pressure : 3.14
""",
)
if __name__ == "__main__":
unittest.main()
``` |
The Castello Normanno-Svevo (in English: Norman-Swebian castle) is a Normans' castle located in the historic center of Gioia del Colle. Since December 2014, the Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Activities has managed the entire castle through the Polo Museale della Puglia, which, in December 2019, became the Direzione Regionale Musei.
History
Byzantine origins
The ancient centre of the Castle, corresponding to the North wing, is from the period of the Byzantine Empire, dating back to the 9th century. It was composed of a rectangular fortified enclosure in limestone. There was a small courtyard, adjacent to the southern wall. It opened outwards in what is now known as the Martyrs' square of 1799. The main function of the Castle was to offer shelter to the population, in case of enemy raids.
Norman period
Between the 9th and 10th centuries, the castle was expanded by Richard of Hauteville, who belonged to the Norman dynasty of Hauteville, was the Duke of Apulia, and was the first lord of the territory of the current Gioia del Colle. The oldest document where the Castle is mentioned dates back to 1108, so the expansion could have been before the Norman enlargement. Richard of Hauteville transformed the Byzantine fortress into a feudal stronghold. He expanded the yard to the south and enclosed it with a solid wall. He built a fortified tower in the southwest corner, later named "Torre De' Rossi". The King of Sicily, Roger II of Sicily, of Norman ancestry, changed the fortification partially and added two towers in the northeast and northwest corners, which no longer exist.
The castle and the surrounding built-up area were destroyed by William I of Sicily when he regained power over the land of Bari.
Swebian period
The current placement is attributed to Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, who refunded the Castrum and added a tower in the southeast corner (also named "Torre Imperatrice") around 1230, when he came back from the Fourth Crusade in the Holy Land. He erected curtain walls in the yard to obtain closed areas, service rooms on the ground floor (kitchen, storages, stalls, stables), and residential areas on the first floor.
The building had a roughly quadrangular structure, with an inner courtyard, which was typical of the Frederican's Castles. The castle, wanted by the emperor, was part of the nets of residences and fortifications which were scattered throughout the territory of Southern Italy. From Capitanata to Sicily, these were destined to improve the military control of the prolific areas of the Kingdom. Throughout the Swebian period, the Castle of Gioia del Colle was indeed the headquarters of a military garrison. Only a few areas were free and property of the king. From some narrations and testimonies, it looks like the puer apuliae loved living in the Castle of Gioia for his hunts in the Silvia Regia's woods.
Angevin and Aragonese periods
With the defeat of Manfred, King of Sicily in the Battle of Benevento in 1266, the Swebian hegemony over southern Italy ended and the Castle of Gioia del Colle declined in influence. After the Hohenstaufen, it went under the supremacy of the House of Anjou and of the Crown of Aragon. Manfredwho was born in Gioia del Colle, according to legendlost the property at his death to the princes of Taranto until the 15th century. Then, it passed to the House of Acquaviva from Conversano until the 17th century, and to the princes of Acquaviva until the beginning of the 19th century.
During these centuries, the castle was transformed from military construction to a residential dwelling and adapted to the new residential need. It had lost all of its military and civil relevance, maintaining its structure. From the 15th century, the Castle began to lose its importance and started a long phase of degradation and disfigurements. However, it kept the original structure, differently from other Apulia's Castles, which underwent various military adaptations. That is why the Castle of Gioia del Colle represents one of the most accurate testimonies of the Norman-Swebian period.
Contemporary age
The castle became the property of Donna Maria Emanuela Caracciolo from 1806 until 1868. In 1884, it was bought by the canonical Daniele Eramo. At the beginning of the 20th century, it passed to the Marquis of Noci, Orazio De Luca Resta, who drew attention to the monument, promoting its restoration, and later suggested its donation to the Municipality of Gioia del Colle. The first restoration works made from 1907 to 1909 by the architect Angelo Pantaleo, dated back to this period, which aimed to recover the original appearance, however carrying out arbitrary reconstructions based on a stereotyped image of the Middle Ages. Among these, there are some single and double lancet windows and the three lancet windows in the internal curtain wall on the south side, as well as the throne and the stone furnishings of the homonymous room. In his reconstructions, however, the architect used reused material, even of considerable value, scrupulously recovered in the demolition of structures, dating back to periods of decay.
In 1955 the castle, which was very run down due to being kept in a state of neglect by the heirs of the Marquis De Luca Resta, was purchased by the Ministry of Public Education (Italy) and included among the national monuments.
Between 1969 and 1974 the castle was restored again, after some collapses following the intervention of 1907, this time by the engineer Raffaele De Vita. He recovered the functionality of the rooms on the ground floor, making it finally open as a monument but also suitable for hosting cultural activities.
Since 1977, the Castle has been the seat of the National Archaeological Museum of Gioia del Colle. Furthermore, for a short period, the Castle hosted the Don Vincenzo Angelillo Municipal Library.
Description
The castle is made of a courtyard and around it some rooms, located on two floors. In two angles in the south side, there are two fortified towers (called "De' Rossi" and "dell'Imperatrice", 28 m and 24 m high), of the four that were originally there. Some references to these towers are in the paper written by Honofrio Tangho in 1640 and that of Gennaro Pinto in 1653.
The exterior is influenced by the stylistic contribution of the different owners with the Frederick II intervention most influential. His work is eclectically rich in different contributions, typical of his tendency to flank very different styles, with particular regard to Islamic architecture. It is evident in the variety of artistic motifs inside the courtyard and rooms, inspired by Arabic models filtered through crusaders. Added to this is the showy Bossage apparatus that gives a note of monumentality to the severe and austere Norman construction. This architectural process, of purely decorative value, is highlighted in the white limestone frames along the edges of the towers and in the original external openings on the facade of the curtains and towers.
The construction material is mainly limestone and red Carparo. The external walling is composed of three different types of masonry structure, representing three different times of realization: small limestone ashlars, on the north and northeast Enceinte, rectangular ashlars with hollowed channels on the Tower of the Empress and rectangular Bossage, worn by time, on the rest of the building. In particular, the red Carparo was used to make the Enceinte and the high part of the towers, up to 4.50 m high on the latter. Very light limestone ashlars were used on corners of the towers and the framing of portals, windows and some Embrasure.
Numerous mullioned windows, a trifora (dating back to the restoration of the Pantaleo of 1907) and Embrasure open messily on the Enceintes and on the towers, confirming the different construction phases. The Enceinte are around 12 m high, and they are divided into two floors. The inferior one shows numerous narrow Embrasures, the superior ones many windows of different shapes.
Entrances
There are various entrances: the main entrance is formed by a large portal located on the west side, a second one is little more than a gate on the south side. Both are surmounted by a wreath of ashlar radials. Two Machicolation tailpipes loom above the entrances.
A third entrance was unearthed through the north curtain.
Courtyard
From the main entrance, with its arch, there is access to the trapezoidal courtyard, where the stairs for the upper floor are found. The staircase has some Bas-Relief, which represents animals and hunting scenes.
In the middle of the courtyard, there is a cistern shaft for rainwater collection. The inner Enceintes on the north and west side of the courtyard have been rebuilt.
Rooms of the archaeological museum
From the courtyard, there is access to the rooms on the ground floor intended in the past to house stables, servants and men of arms, as well as the storage of wheat and provisions.
These last rooms present the exhibitions of the National Archaeological Museum of Gioia del Colle, which collects the findings from archaeological excavation carried out in the areas of Monte Sannace and Santo Mola.
Bakery room and dungeon
On the southern side of the courtyard, there is access to the bakery room, from which there is access down to a small underground, used in ancient times as a dungeon. On one of its walls are carved two round shapes, which according to legend represent the breasts of Bianca Lancia, lover of Frederick II of Swabia. According to the same legend, the Empress, who had had an affair with Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, gave birth to Manfred, King of Sicily in the prison of the Castle.
This environment is located at the base of the Empress Tower.
An arch at the end of the throne room served to divide the room into two sectors: one for the Emperor and the other for the subjects and dignitaries who were received in the audience.
The original wooden roof, rebuilt by Pantaleo, collapsed in the 1930s and during the last restoration was replaced with a metal structure, while the floor was covered with wooden elements.
In the room, there is a fireplace and several stone seats, also dating back to the restoration of the Pantaleo.
Fireplace room
From the throne room, there is an entrance to the fireplace room, so-called for the presence of an elegant Renaissance fireplace. The hall, illuminated by a beautiful three-light window, rebuilt by Pantaleo in place of a large original window, was probably used as the dining room of the court. A door, surmounted by a heraldic coat of arms, leads to the Sala del Gineceo, probably for the use of the queen and the courtesans, who spent most of the day there; a second door, instead, leads to the Torre De' Rossi.
Tower De'Rossi
The tower is the keep built in Norman times and then incorporated into the Frederick plant, the name coming from a noble Tuscan family.
A door on the west side opens to interior stairs leading to the upper floors of the tower and then to the terrace.
The vault that covers the room is formed by twelve high hanging arches, joined by a thin square frame with phytomorphic motifs. At the four corners, in the arches' rooms, are four decorative elements in the shell. It was probably built in the 16th century.
Tower of the Empress
From the hall of Gineceo, a staircase leads to what was probably the bedroom of the Castle’s regents. Inside it, there is the so-called Tower of the Empress, located in the southeast corner of the castle. The tower dates back to the Swabian period and was built making extensive use of the very light local limestone. The tower's name refers to Bianca Lancia. She was Fredrick's lover and Manfred's mother, according to a legend in the dungeons' castle, where the Empress was imprisoned on charges of betrayal. The rooms of the castle were reserved for the family. The toilets obtained in a closet on the north side of the room, with an outlet to the outside, were intended for them. The tower was divided into three floors, of which only the corbels remain. On these corbels, the beams of the wooden floors collapsed but were not rebuilt. The upper floors were reached with wooden ladders.
From the top floor, the external platform was reached via a spiral stone staircase, resting on a slab protruding from the wall.
Legend of Federich II and Bianca Lancia
Bianca Lancia, from the family of the Counts of Loreto, managed to win Frederick's heart. The two met in 1225, during his marriage with Isabella II of Jerusalem. Not being able to get married, the two maintained a clandestine relationship from which their children Anna, Manfred and also even Violante were born.
According to a legend that has been handed down by Father and taken up by the historian Pantaleo, during her pregnancy with Manfred, Frederick kept Bianca locked up in a tower of the castle of Gioia del Colle out of jealousy. The princess couldn’t endure the humiliation. Overcome by pain, she cut her breasts and sent them to the Emperor on a tray with the baby. After that, the chronicler concludes, "he passed to another life". Since that day, every night, in the tower of the Castle, now known as the Empress Tower, a faint, heartbreaking lament is heard: the lament of an offended woman who endlessly protests her innocence.
If this is a legend, the story is a little more controversial but no less touching. According to some, in 1246 Frederickmeanwhile the widower of his third wife Isabellamoved from Foggia to the Castle of Gioia del Colle, where he found his lover suffering. The woman then asked him to legitimize the three children born of their love. They joined in a regular marriage, allowing Bianca to be an empress for a few days.
The castle as a cinematographic location
In 1986, Pier Paolo Pasolini chose the castle to film some scenes for the movie The Cospel According to St. Matthew. Both the palace scene of Herod Antipas and the dance of Salome took place in the throne room. Herod's salute to the Magi kings was done at the foot of the monumental staircase in the courtyard.
In the summer of 2014, the castle was chosen as a location for the filming of two other movies of the historical-literary genre. Francesco, which speaks about the saint of Assisi, directed by Liliana Cavani, filmed some scenes there. The famous scene of the encounter between S. Francis and the Sultan was set in the throne room. Some short scenes about Francis' illness were set in the "Torre Imperatrice". Additionally, some scenes from the movie Tale of Tales (2015 film), directed by Matteo Garrone, were inspired by the Pentamerone by Giambattista Basile.
See also
Bianca Lancia
References
Bibliography
External links
Castles in Apulia
Buildings and structures completed in the 9th century |
Thomas Jenkins may refer to:
Thomas Jenkins (bishop) (1871–1955), missionary bishop of the Episcopal Church
Thomas Jenkins (footballer) (1877–?), Rhyl F.C. and Wales international footballer
Thomas Jenkins (headmaster), Shakespeare's headmaster
Thomas Jenkins (Medal of Honor) (1831–?), American sailor and Medal of Honor recipient in the American Civil War
Thomas Jenkins (rugby league), Australian rugby league player
Thomas Jenkins (Wisconsin politician, born 1801) (1801–1866), member of the Legislature of the Wisconsin Territory and of the Wisconsin State Assembly
Thomas Jenkins (Wisconsin politician, born 1832) (1832–1911), two-term member of the Wisconsin State Assembly
Thomas A. Jenkins (1880–1959), U.S. congressman from Ohio
Thomas Lowten Jenkins (1812–1867), English rower and barrister
See also
Bert Jenkins or Thomas Bertie Jenkins (1885–1943), Welsh rugby union and rugby league footballer
Edward Jenkins (priest) or Thomas Edward Jenkins (1902–1996), Anglican priest
Tom Jenkins (disambiguation)
Tommy Jenkins (born 1947), English footballer
Tommy Jenkins (Australian footballer) (1902–1979), Australian rules footballer
Jenkins (name) |
```objective-c
/**
path_to_url
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
/*
*
*
*/
#ifndef __LESWAPS_H
#define __LESWAPS_H
#include "LETypes.h"
/**
* \file
* \brief C++ API: Endian independent access to data for LayoutEngine
*/
U_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
/**
* A convenience macro which invokes the swapWord member function
* from a concise call.
*
* @deprecated ICU 54. See {@link icu::LayoutEngine}
*/
#define SWAPW(value) LESwaps::swapWord((le_uint16)(value))
/**
* A convenience macro which invokes the swapLong member function
* from a concise call.
*
* @deprecated ICU 54. See {@link icu::LayoutEngine}
*/
#define SWAPL(value) LESwaps::swapLong((le_uint32)(value))
/**
* This class is used to access data which stored in big endian order
* regardless of the conventions of the platform.
*
* All methods are static and inline in an attempt to induce the compiler
* to do most of the calculations at compile time.
*
* @deprecated ICU 54. See {@link icu::LayoutEngine}
*/
class U_LAYOUT_API LESwaps /* not : public UObject because all methods are static */ {
public:
/**
* Reads a big-endian 16-bit word and returns a native-endian value.
* No-op on a big-endian platform, byte-swaps on a little-endian platform.
*
* @param value - the word to be byte swapped
*
* @return the byte swapped word
*
* @deprecated ICU 54. See {@link icu::LayoutEngine}
*/
static le_uint16 swapWord(le_uint16 value)
{
#if (defined(U_IS_BIG_ENDIAN) && U_IS_BIG_ENDIAN) || \
(defined(BYTE_ORDER) && defined(BIG_ENDIAN) && (BYTE_ORDER == BIG_ENDIAN)) || \
defined(__BIG_ENDIAN__)
// Fastpath when we know that the platform is big-endian.
return value;
#else
// Reads a big-endian value on any platform.
const le_uint8 *p = reinterpret_cast<const le_uint8 *>(&value);
return (le_uint16)((p[0] << 8) | p[1]);
#endif
};
/**
* Reads a big-endian 32-bit word and returns a native-endian value.
* No-op on a big-endian platform, byte-swaps on a little-endian platform.
*
* @param value - the long to be byte swapped
*
* @return the byte swapped long
*
* @deprecated ICU 54. See {@link icu::LayoutEngine}
*/
static le_uint32 swapLong(le_uint32 value)
{
#if (defined(U_IS_BIG_ENDIAN) && U_IS_BIG_ENDIAN) || \
(defined(BYTE_ORDER) && defined(BIG_ENDIAN) && (BYTE_ORDER == BIG_ENDIAN)) || \
defined(__BIG_ENDIAN__)
// Fastpath when we know that the platform is big-endian.
return value;
#else
// Reads a big-endian value on any platform.
const le_uint8 *p = reinterpret_cast<const le_uint8 *>(&value);
return (le_uint32)((p[0] << 24) | (p[1] << 16) | (p[2] << 8) | p[3]);
#endif
};
private:
LESwaps() {} // private - forbid instantiation
};
U_NAMESPACE_END
#endif
``` |
Nathan N. Holden (born June 19, 1929) is a Los Angeles County politician who served four years in the California State Senate and 16 years on the Los Angeles City Council.
Biography
Upbringing, education and family
Holden was born in Macon, Georgia, the son of a railroad brakeman in the Central of Georgia yards. He moved with his mother and brothers to a cold-water flat in Elizabeth, New Jersey, when he was 10; he quit high school at age 16, when, although he was underage, he enlisted in the Army, where he became a military policeman. Back home, he earned a high school diploma in night school and later studied design and engineering in the evenings at West Coast University. He worked for Bell Laboratories in New Jersey, then moved to California in 1955 and worked as an aerospace engineer. He has two sons, Chris Holden, a California State Assemblymember, and Reginald Holden, a Los Angeles County Deputy Sheriff.
Description and personality
Holden was an amateur boxer as a teenager, weighing only 167 pounds. At age 59, he was a "tall, gray-haired dignified-looking man in a nicely conservative suit." Holden completed the Los Angeles Marathon in 1990 and 1991, when he was in his sixties.
He had two sides to his personality, Los Angeles Times reporter Bill Boyarsky wrote in 1989 — "The Nice Nate" and "The Mean Nate." On one hand, Holden was "a gentle, considerate, compassionate person much of the time." On the other hand, Boyarsky wrote, Holden is marked by a "hostile toughness . . . when he discusses the way black leaders refused to back him in unsuccessful races and in his election to the council." Fellow councilman John Ferraro said of Holden, "He is gruff and he is rough, but he has a big heart."
Early political career
In California, he became active in Democratic politics; he was a member of the "steering committee for the California Democratic Council's peace delegation" and an officer of the Alta Loma Democratic Club. Holden made his first run for public office in 1968, when he was an unsuccessful candidate in California's 26th congressional district, which at the time included Beverly Hills, part of Culver City, most of Venice and some of Santa Monica and West Los Angeles. He became president of the CDC in 1970 and that year made two more runs for Congress.
State Senate
Holden began his service as a state senator in 1974, but gave up his office after four years to campaign unsuccessfully for the Congressional seat ultimately won by Julian C. Dixon.
City Council
Elections
1987: Holden took a leave from his job as assistant chief deputy to Los Angeles County Supervisor Kenneth Hahn to run against Homer Broome Jr. for the 10th District seat that had been vacated by the resignation of Dave Cunningham. Holden won by a 2–1 margin, even though Broome had been endorsed by Mayor Tom Bradley. Another candidate was Esther M. Lofton, who received fewer than 100 votes.
1989: Holden took on Mayor Bradley directly when he entered the race for mayor. He angered some of his constituents during the campaign when he supported the proposed breakup of the Los Angeles Unified School District. It was noted just before the election that Bradley's campaign fund vastly surpassed Holden's — $1,085,861 to $67,252. Bradley received just over 50% percent of the vote to win in the April primary. !8,000 ballots were damaged and not counted in the overall total.
1991: Lofton, 60, a former schoolteacher "with no political base," challenged Holden again, stating she would not accept campaign contributions. When the votes were counted, Lofton had won an "astounding 28%," the Los Angeles Times remarked editorially, ascribing the large percentage to Holden's "hands-off policy regarding Police Chief Daryl Gates.
1995: Holden was challenged in the April primary by Deputy District Attorney Kevin A. Ross and by Rhodes Scholar and Yale Law School graduate J. Stanley (Stan) Sanders. In the final election against Sanders in June, Holden received 54% of the vote and was elected.
Legislation
1987: Forbidding the sale or manufacture of realistic toy guns. Bill passed.
1990: Requiring buyers of Rolex watches to register the serial number with police to make it difficult for criminals to sell them. Introduced in the wake of a rash of Rolex thefts of about one a day, with some owners killed.
1999: Requiring cable companies to remove sneakers tied together and left dangling from overhead lines. Holden said they were "menacing signals of gang territory and drug sales." Police officials said they were just pranks. Bill passed.
Legacy
The Nate Holden Performing Arts Center at 4718 West Washington Boulevard is named in his honor.
Changed the restrictions that prevented women from acquiring a mortgage without the signature of a man.
Was the author of the legislation that led the State of California ( the first state in the nation) to recognize the Martin Luther King Holiday.
References
Further reading
Beyda v. City of Los Angeles (sexual harassment appeal)
Erin J. Aubry in LA Weekly on the 1999 10th District election
Join California Nate Holden
1929 births
Living people
Democratic Party California state senators
Holden, Nate
Politicians from Macon, Georgia
Politicians from Elizabeth, New Jersey
African-American state legislators in California
United States Army soldiers
African-American city council members in California
20th-century American politicians
21st-century American politicians
20th-century African-American politicians
21st-century African-American politicians
Candidates in the 1989 United States elections |
A spot test in lichenology is a spot analysis used to help identify lichens. It is performed by placing a drop of a chemical on different parts of the lichen and noting the colour change (or lack thereof) associated with application of the chemical. The tests are routinely encountered in dichotomous keys for lichen species, and they take advantage of the wide array of lichen products produced by lichens and their uniqueness among taxa. As such, spot tests reveal the presence or absence of chemicals in various parts of a lichen. They were first proposed by the botanist William Nylander in 1866.
Three common spot tests use either 10% aqueous KOH solution (K test), saturated aqueous solution of bleaching powder or calcium hypochlorite (C test), or 5% alcoholic p-phenylenediamine solution (P test). The colour changes occur due to presence of particular secondary metabolites in the lichen. There are several other less frequently used spot tests of more limited use that are employed in specific situations, such as to distinguish between certain species.
Tests
Four spot tests are used most commonly to help with lichen identification.
K test
The reagent for the K test is an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide (KOH) (10–25%), or, in the absence of KOH, a 10% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH, lye), which provides nearly identical results. A 10% solution of KOH will retain its effectiveness for about 6 months to a year. The test depends on salt formation and required the presence of at least one acidic functional group in the molecule. Lichen compounds that contain a quinone as part of their structure will produce a dark red to violet colour. Example compounds include the pigments that are anthraquinones, naphthoquinones, and terphenylquinones. Yellow to red colours are produced with the K test and some depsides (including atranorin and thamnolic acid), and many β-orcinol depsidones. In contrast, xanthones, pulvinic acid derivatives, and usnic acid do not have any reaction.
C test
This test uses a saturated solution of calcium hypochlorite (bleaching powder), or alternatively a dilute solution (5.25% is typically used) of sodium hypochlorite, or undiluted household bleach. These solutions are typically replaced daily since they break down within 24–48 hours; they break down even more rapidly when exposed to sunlight (less than an hour) and so are recommended to keep in a dark-coloured bottle. Other factors that accelerate the decomposition of these solutions are heat, humidity, and carbon dioxide.
Colours typically observed with the C test are red and orange-rose. Chemicals causing a red reaction include anziaic acid, erythrin, and lecanoric acid, while those resulting in orange-red include gyrophoric acid. Rarely, an emerald-green colour is produced, caused by reaction with dihydroxy dibenzofurans, such as the chemical strepsilin.
P test
This is also known as the PD test. It uses a 1–5% ethanolic solution of para-phenylenediamine (PD), made by placing a drop of ethanol (70–95%) over a few crystals of the chemical; this yields an unstable, light sensitive solution that lasts for about a day. An alternative form of this solution, called Steiner's solution, is much longer lasting although it produces less intense colour reactions. It is typically prepared by dissolving 1 gram of PD, 10 grams of sodium sulfite, and 0.5 millilitres of detergent in 100 millilitres of water; initially pink in colour, the solution becomes purple with age. Steiner's solution will last for months. The phenylenediamine reacts with aldehydes to yield Schiff bases according to the following reaction:
Products of this reaction are yellow to red in colour. Most β-orcinol depsidones and some β-orcinol depsides will react positively. PD is poisonous both as a powder and a solution, and surfaces that come in contact with it (including skin) will discolour.
KC test
This spot test may be performed by wetting the thallus with K followed immediately by C. The initial application of K breaks down (via hydrolysis) ester bonds in depsides and depsidones. If a phenolic hydroxyl group is released that is meta to another hydroxyl, then a red to orange colour is produced as C is applied. Alectoronic acid and physodic acid produce this colour, while a violet colour results when picrolichenic acid is present. The CK test is a less commonly used variation that reverses the order of the application of chemicals. It is used in special cases when testing for orange colour produced by barbatic acid or diffractaic acid, such as is present in Cladonia floerkeana. Lugol's iodine is another reagent that may be useful in identifying certain species.
Less common tests
There are several spot tests that are infrequently used due to their limited applicability, but may be useful in situations where particular lichen metabolites need to be detected, or to distinguish between certain species when other tests are negative.
A 10% solution of barium hydroxide (Ba(OH)2) gives a violet colour when tested with diploschistesic acid, a chemical found in some Diploschistes species.
A saturated solution of barium peroxide (BaO2), when tested with olivetoric acid, will turn a yellow colour that becomes green after a few minutes.
A 1% (weight per volume) solution of ferric chloride (FeCl3) in ethanol produces several possible colours when tested with compounds that have phenolic groups.
The N test uses a 35% solution of nitric acid, which can be used to distinguish species of Melanelia from brown species of Xanthoparmelia.
The S test uses a sulphuric acid solution (0.5% to 10%) brushed over an acetone-extracted, dried sample from a lichen thallus, followed by heating over a flame for 30 seconds or until colour develops. A persistent violet to bright pink colour indicates the presence of miriquidic acid and can be used to distinguish between the two morphologically similar snow lichens, Stereocaulon alpinum and S. groenlandicum without having to resort to more laborious chemical analysis.
The Beilstein test involves heating a small sample of the substance to be tested on a copper wire; halogenated compounds cause a temporary deep green flame colour.
Performing spot tests
Spot tests are performed by placing a small amount of the desired reagent on the portion of the lichen to be tested. Often, both the cortex and medulla of the lichen are tested, and at times it is useful to test other structures such as soralia. One method is to draw up a small amount of the chemical into a glass capillary and touch it to the lichen thallus; a small paint brush is also used for this purpose. Reactions are best visualised with a hand lens or a stereo microscope. A razor blade may be used to remove the cortex and access the medulla. Alternatively, the solution can be applied to lichen features that lack a cortex or that leave the medulla exposed, such as soralia, pseudocyphellae, or the underside of squamules.
In a variation of this technique, suggested by Swedish chemist Johan Santesson, a piece of filter paper is used to try to make the colour reaction more readily observable. The lichen fragment is pressed on the paper, and lichen substances are extracted with 10–20 drops of acetone. After evaporating the acetone, the lichen substances are left on the paper in a ring around the lichen fragment. The filter paper can then be spot tested in the usual way. In cases where the results of a spot test on the thallus are uncertain, it is possible to squash a thin section of the tissue on a microscope slide in a minimal amount of water and reagent under a cover slip. A colour change is visible under a low-power microscope objective, or when the slide placed against a white background. This technique is useful when testing lichens with dark pigments, such as Bryoria.
Spot tests may be used individually or in combination. The results of a spot tests are typically represented with a short code that includes, in order, (1) a letter indicating the reagent used, (2) a "+" or "−" sign indicating a colour change or lack of colour change, respectively, and (3) a letter or word indicating the colour observed. In addition, care should be taken to indicate which part of the lichen was tested. For example, "Cortex K+ orange, C−, P−" means the cortex of the test specimen turned orange with application of KOH and did not change under bleach or para-phenylenediamine. Similarly, "Medulla K−, KC+R" would indicate the medulla of the lichen was insensitive to application of KOH, but application of KOH followed immediately by bleach caused the medulla to turn red.
Occasionally, it takes some time for the colour reaction to develop. For example, in certain Cladonia species, the PD reaction with fumarprotocetraric acid can take up to half a minute. In contrast, the reactions with C and KC are usually fleeting and occur within a second of applying the reagent, so a colour change can easily be missed. There are several possible reasons that an anticipated test result does not occur. Causes include old and chemically inactive reagents, and low concentrations of lichen substances in the sample. If the colour of the thallus is dark, a colour change might be obscured, and other techniques are more appropriate, like the filter paper technique.
Other tests
It may sometimes be useful to perform other diagnostic measures in addition to spot tests. For example, some lichen metabolites fluoresce under ultraviolet radiation such that exposing certain parts of the lichen to a UV light source can reveal the presence or absence of those metabolites similarly to spot tests. Examples of lichen substances that give a bright fluorescence in UV are alectoronic, lobaric, and divaricatic acids, and lichexanthone. In some cases, the UV light test can be used to help distinguish between closely related species, such as Cladonia deformis (UV−) and Cladonia sulphurina (UV+, due to presence of squamatic acid). Only long-wavelength UV is useful for observing lichens directly.
More advanced analytical techniques, such as thin layer chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, and mass spectrometry may also be useful in initially characterizing the chemical composition of lichens or when spot tests are unrevealing.
History
Finnish lichenologist William Nylander is generally considered to have been the first to demonstrate the use of chemicals to help with lichen identification. In papers published in 1866, he suggested spot tests using KOH and bleaching powder to get characteristic colour reactions—typically yellow, red, or green. In these studies he showed, for example, that the lichens now known as Cetrelia cetrarioides and C. olivetorum could be distinguished as distinct species due to their different colour reactions: C+ red in the latter, contrasted with no reaction in the former. Nylander showed how KOH could be used to distinguish between the lookalikes Xanthoria candelaria and Candelaria concolor because the presence of parietin in the former species results in a strong colour reaction. He also knew that in some cases the lichen chemicals were not evenly distributed throughout the cortex and the medulla due to the differing colour reactions on these areas. In the mid-1930s, Yasuhiko Asahina created the test with para-phenylendiamine, which gives yellow to red reactions with secondary metabolites that have a free aldehyde group. This spot test was later shown to be particularly useful in the taxonomy of the family Cladoniaceae.
References
Cited literature
Chemical tests
Lichenology |
```objective-c
//
// YYKlineModel.m
// YYKline
//
//
#import "YYKlineModel.h"
#import "UIColor+YYKline.h"
@implementation YYKlineModel
- (NSString *)V_Date {
if (!_V_Date) {
NSDate *date = [NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSince1970:_Timestamp.doubleValue];
NSDateFormatter *formatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc]init];
formatter.dateFormat = @"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm";
NSString *dateStr = [formatter stringFromDate:date];
_V_Date = dateStr;
}
return _V_Date;
}
- (NSString *)V_HHMM {
if (!_V_HHMM) {
NSDate *date = [NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSince1970:_Timestamp.doubleValue];
NSDateFormatter *formatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc]init];
formatter.dateFormat = @"HH:mm";
NSString *dateStr = [formatter stringFromDate:date];
_V_HHMM = dateStr;
}
return _V_HHMM;
}
- (NSAttributedString *)V_Price {
if (!_V_Price) {
_V_Price = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@" %@ %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f ", self.V_Date, self.Open.floatValue, self.High.floatValue, self.Low.floatValue, self.Close.floatValue] attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor grayColor],
}];
}
return _V_Price;
}
- (NSAttributedString *)V_MA {
if (!_V_MA) {
NSAttributedString *str1 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@" %@ %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f ", self.V_Date, self.Open.floatValue, self.High.floatValue, self.Low.floatValue, self.Close.floatValue] attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor grayColor],
}];
NSAttributedString *str2 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@" MA10%.3f ",self.MA.MA1.floatValue] attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor line1Color],
}];
NSAttributedString *str3 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@" MA30%.3f ",self.MA.MA2.floatValue] attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor line2Color],
}];
NSAttributedString *str4 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@" MA60%.3f ",self.MA.MA3.floatValue] attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor line3Color],
}];
NSMutableAttributedString *mStr = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithAttributedString:str1];
[mStr appendAttributedString:str2];
[mStr appendAttributedString:str3];
[mStr appendAttributedString:str4];
_V_MA = [mStr copy];
}
return _V_MA;
}
- (NSAttributedString *)V_EMA {
if (!_V_EMA) {
NSAttributedString *str1 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@" %@ %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f ", self.V_Date, self.Open.floatValue, self.High.floatValue, self.Low.floatValue, self.Close.floatValue] attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor grayColor],
}];
NSAttributedString *str2 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@" EMA7%.3f ",self.EMA.EMA1.floatValue] attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor line1Color],
}];
NSAttributedString *str3 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@" EMA30%.3f ",self.EMA.EMA2.floatValue] attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor line2Color],
}];
NSMutableAttributedString *mStr = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithAttributedString:str1];
[mStr appendAttributedString:str2];
[mStr appendAttributedString:str3];
_V_EMA = [mStr copy];
}
return _V_EMA;
}
- (NSAttributedString *)V_BOLL {
if (!_V_BOLL) {
NSAttributedString *str1 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@" %@ %.3f %.3f %.3f %.3f ", self.V_Date, self.Open.floatValue, self.High.floatValue, self.Low.floatValue, self.Close.floatValue] attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor grayColor],
}];
NSAttributedString *str2 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@" UP%.3f ",self.BOLL.UP.floatValue] attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor line1Color],
}];
NSAttributedString *str3 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@" MID%.3f ",self.BOLL.MID.floatValue] attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor line2Color],
}];
NSAttributedString *str4 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@" LOW%.3f ",self.BOLL.LOW.floatValue] attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor line3Color],
}];
NSMutableAttributedString *mStr = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithAttributedString:str1];
[mStr appendAttributedString:str2];
[mStr appendAttributedString:str3];
[mStr appendAttributedString:str4];
_V_BOLL = [mStr copy];
}
return _V_BOLL;
}
- (NSAttributedString *)V_Volume {
if (!_V_Volume) {
_V_Volume = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@" %.0f", self.Volume.floatValue] attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor grayColor],
}];
}
return _V_Volume;
}
- (NSAttributedString *)V_MACD {
if (!_V_MACD) {
NSAttributedString *str1 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@" MACD(12,26,9)" attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor grayColor],
}];
NSAttributedString *str2 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@" DIFF%.4f ",self.MACD.DIFF.floatValue] attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor line1Color],
}];
NSAttributedString *str3 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@" DEA%.4f ",self.MACD.DEA.floatValue] attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor line2Color],
}];
NSAttributedString *str4 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@" MACD%.4f ",self.MACD.MACD.floatValue] attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: self.MACD.MACD.floatValue < 0 ? UIColor.upColor : UIColor.downColor,
}];
NSMutableAttributedString *mStr = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithAttributedString:str1];
[mStr appendAttributedString:str2];
[mStr appendAttributedString:str3];
[mStr appendAttributedString:str4];
_V_MACD = [mStr copy];
}
return _V_MACD;
}
- (NSAttributedString *)V_KDJ {
if (!_V_KDJ) {
NSAttributedString *str1 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@" KDJ(9,3,3)" attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor grayColor],
}];
NSAttributedString *str2 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@" K%.3f ",self.KDJ.K.floatValue] attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: UIColor.line1Color,
}];
NSAttributedString *str3 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@" D%.3f ",self.KDJ.D.floatValue] attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: UIColor.line2Color,
}];
NSAttributedString *str4 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@" J%.3f ",self.KDJ.J.floatValue] attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: UIColor.line3Color,
}];
NSMutableAttributedString *mStr = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithAttributedString:str1];
[mStr appendAttributedString:str2];
[mStr appendAttributedString:str3];
[mStr appendAttributedString:str4];
_V_KDJ = [mStr copy];
}
return _V_KDJ;
}
- (NSAttributedString *)V_RSI {
if (!_V_RSI) {
NSAttributedString *str1 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@" RSI(6,12,24)" attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor grayColor],
}];
NSAttributedString *str2 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@" RSI6%.3f ",self.RSI.RSI1.floatValue] attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: UIColor.line1Color,
}];
NSAttributedString *str3 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@" RSI12%.3f ",self.RSI.RSI2.floatValue] attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: UIColor.line2Color,
}];
NSAttributedString *str4 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@" RSI24%.3f ",self.RSI.RSI3.floatValue] attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: UIColor.line3Color,
}];
NSMutableAttributedString *mStr = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithAttributedString:str1];
[mStr appendAttributedString:str2];
[mStr appendAttributedString:str3];
[mStr appendAttributedString:str4];
_V_RSI = [mStr copy];
}
return _V_RSI;
}
- (NSAttributedString *)V_WR {
if (!_V_WR) {
NSAttributedString *str1 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:@" WR(6,10)" attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor grayColor],
}];
NSAttributedString *str2 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@" WR6%.3f ",self.WR.WR1.floatValue] attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: UIColor.line1Color,
}];
NSAttributedString *str3 = [[NSAttributedString alloc] initWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@" WR10%.3f ",self.WR.WR2.floatValue] attributes:@{
NSForegroundColorAttributeName: UIColor.line2Color,
}];
NSMutableAttributedString *mStr = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithAttributedString:str1];
[mStr appendAttributedString:str2];
[mStr appendAttributedString:str3];
_V_WR = [mStr copy];
}
return _V_WR;
}
- (BOOL)isUp {
if (self.Close.floatValue == self.Open.floatValue) {
return YES;
}
return self.Close.floatValue > self.Open.floatValue;
}
@end
``` |
List of episodes for the X Minus One radio show.
1955
1956
1957
1958
1973
See also
List of Dimension X episodes
References
Jerry Haendiges Vintage Radio Logs: X Minus One
Internet Archive list of X Minus One episodes
Lists of radio series episodes |
```c++
/*
* C99PipelineLayout.cpp
*
*/
#include <LLGL/PipelineLayout.h>
#include <LLGL-C/PipelineLayout.h>
#include "C99Internal.h"
// namespace LLGL {
using namespace LLGL;
LLGL_C_EXPORT uint32_t llglGetPipelineLayoutNumHeapBindings(LLGLPipelineLayout pipelineLayout)
{
return LLGL_PTR(PipelineLayout, pipelineLayout)->GetNumHeapBindings();
}
LLGL_C_EXPORT uint32_t llglGetPipelineLayoutNumBindings(LLGLPipelineLayout pipelineLayout)
{
return LLGL_PTR(PipelineLayout, pipelineLayout)->GetNumBindings();
}
LLGL_C_EXPORT uint32_t llglGetPipelineLayoutNumStaticSamplers(LLGLPipelineLayout pipelineLayout)
{
return LLGL_PTR(PipelineLayout, pipelineLayout)->GetNumStaticSamplers();
}
LLGL_C_EXPORT uint32_t llglGetPipelineLayoutNumUniforms(LLGLPipelineLayout pipelineLayout)
{
return LLGL_PTR(PipelineLayout, pipelineLayout)->GetNumUniforms();
}
// } /namespace LLGL
// ================================================================================
``` |
Small Potatoes is a British sitcom television series written by Richard Pinto and Sharat Sardana, first broadcast on Channel 4 from 1999 to 2001. Starring Tommy Tiernan, Sanjeev Bhaskar, Morgan Jones and Omid Djalili, it is set in East London and follows the life of a video rental shop employee, Ed Hewitt, and his friends.
Synopsis
Underachieving twenty-something Ed Hewitt (Tommy Tiernan) has a media studies degree, but he works in a video shop in Leytonstone; however, he tries not to descend to the level of his layabout friends and fellow workers.
Episodes
Small Potatoes ran for 13 episodes over two series.
Sick (9 November 1999)
Sexuality (16 November 1999)
Staff (23 November 1999)
Scrubber (30 November 1999)
Secrets (7 December 1999)
School (14 December 1999)
Alien (31 July 2001)
Jimminy Critic (7 August 2001)
Butch (14 August 2001)
Blackout (21 August 2001)
Unbearable Whiteness of Being (29 August 2001)
Club (4 September 2001)
Sad Max (11 September 2001)
References
Channel 4 sitcoms
1990s British sitcoms
1999 British television series debuts
2000s British sitcoms
2001 British television series endings
Television shows set in London
Television series by Hat Trick Productions |
The 2009–10 LSU Tigers men's basketball team represented the Louisiana State University in the 2009–10 college basketball season. The head coach was Trent Johnson, who was in his second season at LSU. The team played its home games in the Pete Maravich Assembly Center in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, and is a member of the Southeastern Conference. They finished the season 11–20, 2–14 in SEC play and lost in the first round of the 2010 SEC men's basketball tournament.
Previous season
Trent Johnson completed his first season as head coach of the Tiger men's basketball team in 2009. His first season was very successful as the Tigers won the SEC West division title and the overall SEC regular-season title which earned them the #1 seed in the 2009 SEC men's basketball tournament. As a result of earning the top seed, the Tigers received a first-round bye. The Tigers defeated the Kentucky Wildcats in the second round 67-58. However, Mississippi St. proved to be too much in the semi-finals eliminating the Tigers 57-67.
After the SEC Tournament, the Tiger's fate was in the hands of the NCAA Tournament selection committee. The Tigers were awarded the #8 seed in the South bracket for the 2009 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament. This was the first time the Tigers had made the NCAA tournament since making it to 2006 Final Four. The Tigers had to travel to Greensboro, North Carolina to play the first two rounds of the tournament.
In the opening round of the tournament, LSU squared off against the #9 seed Butler, who finished the regular season 26-5. The Tigers seemed to be in control of the game leading by as much as 13, and by a score of 35-29 at the half. However, Butler continued to fight their way back using the size of Matt Howard who finished the game with 22. In the end, though, the Tigers were able to prevail 75-71 behind Marcus Thornton's 30 points.
The 2008-09 squad compiled and overall record of 27-8, including a 13-3 mark in SEC play.
Preseason
The 2009–10 Tigers men's basketball team had a much different look than the team that competed in the previous season. The Tigers replaced the following seniors from 2008–09:
Chris Johnson, C, 2-year starter
Garrett Temple, G, 4-year starter
Marcus Thornton, G, drafted in the second round of the 2009 NBA draft by the Miami Heat
Quinton Thornton, F, sixth man
However, Tasmin Mitchell decided to withdraw his name from the 2009 NBA draft and return to LSU for his red-shirt senior season. He joined junior Bo Spencer as the only two starters returning from last year.
Honors
Senior forward Tasmin Mitchell was the only Tiger to receive any preseason accolades. Mitchell was recently named to watchlist for the 2009–10 Naismith Award, as well as being rated the #4 small forward in college basketball by Rivals.com. During SEC media days prior to the season, Mitchell was named a unanimous First Team All-SEC selection by the SEC coaches.
Recruiting class
Roster
Schedule
! style="background:#FFF;color:#461D7C;"| Regular Season
|- valign="top"
|- bgcolor="#D8FFEB"
| 1 || November 13 || 7:00 p.m. || Louisiana–Monroe || || Maravich CenterBaton Rouge, Louisiana || || 9,081 || 82-62 || 1-0 || -
|- bgcolor="#D8FFEB"
| 2 || November 16 || 7:00 p.m. || Indiana State || || Maravich CenterBaton Rouge, Louisiana || || 8,113 || 56-45 || 2-0 || -
|- bgcolor="#D8FFEB"
| 3 || November 17 || 7:00 p.m. || Western Kentucky || || Maravich CenterBaton Rouge, Louisiana || || 8,220 || 71-60 || 3-0 || -
|- bgcolor="#FFE6E6"
| 4 || November 25 || 6:00 p.m. || #13 Connecticut || || Madison Square GardenNew York || ESPN2 || || 55-81 || 3-1 ||-
|- bgcolor="#FFE6E6"
| 5 || November 27 || 1:30 p.m. || Arizona State || || Madison Square GardenNew York || ESPN2 || || 52-71 || 3-2 || -
|-
|- bgcolor="#D8FFEB"
| 6 || December 1 || 6:30 p.m. || Louisiana-Lafayette || || Maravich CenterBaton Rouge, Louisiana || CST || 8,107 || 66-58 || 4-2 || -
|- bgcolor="#D8FFEB"
| 7 || December 12 || 7:00 p.m. || Northwestern St. || || Maravich CenterBaton Rouge, Louisiana || || 8,414 || 73-62 || 5-2 || -
|- bgcolor="#D8FFEB"
| 8 || December 14 || 7:00 p.m. || Southeastern La || || Maravich CenterBaton Rouge, Louisiana || || 8,003 || 77-60 || 6-2 || -
|- bgcolor="#D8FFEB"
| 9 || December 17 || 7:00 p.m. || Nicholls St. || || Maravich CenterBaton Rouge, Louisiana || CST || 7,957 || 63-60 || 7-2 || -
|- bgcolor="#D8FFEB"
| 10 || December 19 || 1:00 p.m. || Rice || || Maravich CenterBaton Rouge, Louisiana || CST || 8,629 || 65-61 || 8-2 || -
|- bgcolor="#FFE6E6"
| 11 || December 22 || 9:00 p.m. || Washington St. || || KeyArenaSeattle, WA || || 15,341 || 70-72 OT || 8-3 || -
|- bgcolor="#FFE6E6"
| 12 || December 29 || 6:00 p.m. || Xavier (Ohio) || || Cintas CenterCincinnati || ESPNU || 10,250 || 65-89 || 8-4 || -
|-
|- bgcolor="#FFE6E6"
| 13 || January 2 || 7:00 p.m. || Utah || || Maravich CenterBaton Rouge, Louisiana || CSS || 8,631 || 59-61 || 8-5 || -
|- bgcolor="#D8FFEB"
| 14 || January 4 || 7:00 p.m. || McNeese St. || || Maravich CenterBaton Rouge, Louisiana || || 7,807 || 83-60 || 9-5 || -
|- bgcolor="#FFE6E6"
| 15 || January 9 || 4:00 p.m. || Alabama || || Maravich CenterBaton Rouge, Louisiana || FSN || 9,666 || 49-66 || 9-6 || 0-1
|- bgcolor="#FFE6E6"
| 16 || January 13 || 7:00 p.m. || South Carolina || || Colonial Life ArenaColumbia, South Carolina || SECN || 12,103 || 58-67 || 9-7 || 0-2
|- bgcolor="#FFE6E6"
| 17 || January 16 || 7:00 p.m. || Florida || || O'Connell CenterGainesville, Florida || FSN || 11,627 || 58-72 || 9-8 || 0-3
|- bgcolor="#FFE6E6"
| 18 || January 20 || 7:00 p.m. || Auburn || || Maravich CenterBaton Rouge, Louisiana || SECN || 9,445 || 80-84 || 9-9 || 0-4
|- bgcolor="#FFE6E6"
| 19 || January 23 || 12:30 p.m. || #24 Ole Miss || || Maravich CenterBaton Rouge, Louisiana || SECN || 9,403 || 63-73 || 9-10 || 0-5
|- bgcolor="#FFE6E6"
| 20 || January 27 || 7:00 p.m. || Alabama || || Coleman ColiseumTuscaloosa, AL || SECN || 10,657 || 38-57 || 9-11 || 0-6
|- bgcolor="#FFE6E6"
| 21 || January 30 || 12:30 p.m. || Mississippi St. || || Humphrey ColiseumStarkville, Mississippi || SECN || 7,247 || 51-67 || 9-12 || 0-7
|-
|- bgcolor="#FFE6E6"
| 22 || February 4 || 8:00 p.m. ||#14 Tennessee || || Maravich CenterBaton Rouge, Louisiana || || 9,052 || 54-59 || 9-13 || 0-8
|- bgcolor="#FFE6E6"
| 23 || February 6 || 3:00 p.m. ||#4 Kentucky || || Maravich CenterBaton Rouge, Louisiana || SECN || 13,083 || 55-81 || 9-14 || 0-9
|- bgcolor="#FFE6E6"
| 24 || February 10 || 7:00 p.m. || Arkansas || || Bud Walton ArenaFayetteville, Arkansas || SECN || 12,777 || 52-87 || 9-15 || 0-10
|- bgcolor="#FFE6E6"
| 25 || February 13 || 12:30 p.m. || Vanderbilt || || Memorial GymnasiumNashville, Tennessee || SECN || 14,316 || 69-77 || 9-16 || 0-11
|- bgcolor="#FFE6E6"
| 26 || February 20 || 3:00 p.m. || Mississippi St. || || Maravich CenterBaton Rouge, Louisiana || SECN || 9,434 || 59-60 || 9-17 || 0-12
|- bgcolor="#D8FFEB"
| 27 || February 24 || 7:00 p.m. || Arkansas || || Maravich CenterBaton Rouge, Louisiana || SECN || 8,463 || 65-54 || 10-17 || 1-12
|- bgcolor="#FFE6E6"
| 28 || February 27 || 6:00 p.m. || Auburn || || Beard-Eaves-Memorial ColiseumAuburn, AL || FSN || 8,927 || 59-74 || 10-18 || 1-13
|-
|- bgcolor="#FFE6E6"
| 29 || March 4 || 8:00 p.m. || Ole Miss || || Tad Smith ColiseumOxford, Mississippi || || 6,430 || 59-72 || 10-19 || 1-14
|- bgcolor="#D8FFEB"
| 30 || March 6 || 4:00 p.m. || Georgia || || Maravich CenterBaton Rouge, Louisiana || FSN || 9,328 || 50-48 || 11-19 || 2-14
|-
|-
! style="background:#FFF;color:#461D7C;"| Post-Season
|- valign="top"
|- bgcolor="#FFE6E6"
| 29 || March 11 || 2:30 p.m. || #13 Tennessee || || Bridgestone ArenaNashville, Tennessee || SECN || 15,152 || 49-59 || 11-20
|-
References
LSU
LSU Tigers men's basketball seasons
LSU
LSU |
Pikkara is a closed railway station in Adelaide, South Australia. It was a ground level stopping place during the passenger transport days of this line, and a 1965 reference mentioned that it was no longer used at that date. It was located just north of McMurtrie Road on the southeastern outskirts of McLaren Vale.
The stop is now completely disused, the entire Willunga railway line having been dismantled in 1972 and later replaced with the Coast to Vines Rail Trail.
References
Australian Railway Historical Society Bulletin No 336, October 1965
Disused railway stations in South Australia |
Graeme Davis (born Dartford, 1965) is an author, editor and academic researcher, as well as an associate lecturer with The Open University. He is a specialist in mediaeval language and literature, with interests in the Anglo-Saxons, Vikings, Iceland, Greenland and the North Atlantic. Publications include Germanic linguistics and dialectology, mediaeval history of the North Atlantic Region, English literature criticism, and genealogy. Davis received a PhD from University of St. Andrews, and has taught at Manchester Metropolitan University and the University of Northumbria.
He and Karl Bernhardt are the editor of the linguistics monograph series Contemporary Studies in Descriptive Linguistics and Studies in Historical Linguistics. With Karl Bernhardt he is editor of The Buckingham Journal of Language and Linguistics and previously editor of three refereed on-line journals on linguistics, language and literature issued between 2002 and 2006. The journals were Journal of Language and Learning, Journal of Language and Linguistics and Journal of Language and Literature.
References
External links
Personal website
Living people
1965 births
British medievalists
Linguists from the United Kingdom
Academics of the Open University
Alumni of the University of St Andrews
Academics of Manchester Metropolitan University
Academics of Northumbria University |
Gastón Germán González (born 23 February 1988) is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Deportivo Morón.
Career
González's opening club became Primera B Nacional side Platense in 2008, with the midfielder appearing in two fixtures for the club. In 2011, González completed a move to Platanias of the Greek Football League. He made his debut during a win away to Panachaiki on 30 October, before netting his first senior goal in the following April against Fokikos. The 2011–12 season concluded with promotion to Superleague Greece, in which he made nineteen appearances. González returned to the Football League with Episkopi in 2013. Ten goals soon followed, including braces against Iraklis Psachna, Panegialios and Glyfada.
Moves to Apollon Smyrni and Chania subsequently arrived between July 2014 and June 2015, at which time González sealed a move to fellow second tier outfit Trikala. After scoring twice in thirteen games, he was sent off in his last match on 6 December versus Acharnaikos. González went back to Argentina in January 2016, joining Primera B Nacional's Independiente Rivadavia. He played in a total of seventy-seven fixtures and scored nine across three seasons with the Mendoza club. On 30 June 2018, Deportivo Morón signed González. His first appearance came in a Copa Argentina tie with top-flight Colón on 21 July.
Career statistics
.
References
External links
1988 births
Living people
Footballers from Lanús
Argentine men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Argentine expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Greece
Argentine expatriate sportspeople in Greece
Primera Nacional players
Football League (Greece) players
Super League Greece players
Club Atlético Platense footballers
Platanias F.C. players
Episkopi F.C. players
Apollon Smyrnis F.C. players
AO Chania F.C. players
Trikala F.C. players
Independiente Rivadavia footballers
Deportivo Morón footballers |
Cement render or cement plaster is the application of a mortar mix of sand and cement, (optionally lime) and water to brick, concrete, stone, or mud brick. It is often textured, colored, or painted after application. It is generally used on exterior walls but can be used to feature an interior wall. Depending on the 'look' required, rendering can be fine or coarse, textured or smooth, natural or colored, pigmented or painted.
The cement rendering of brick, concrete and mud houses has been used for centuries to improve the appearance (and sometimes weather resistance) of exterior walls. It can be seen in different forms all over southern Europe. Different countries have their own styles and traditional colors. In the United Kingdom, cement is optional. In other countries, lime is optional. The cement in render hydrates the same way it does in concrete.
Render finishes
Different finishes can be created by using different tools such as trowels, sponges, or brushes. The art in traditional rendering is (apart from getting the mix right) the appearance of the top coat. Different tradesmen have different finishing styles and are able to produce different textures and decorative effects. Some of these special finishing effects may need to be created with a thin finishing top coat or a finishing wash.
Traditional rendering
Cement render consists of 6 parts clean sharp fine sand, 1 part cement, and 1 part lime in some parts of the world. The lime makes the render more workable and reduces cracking when the render dries. Any general purpose cement can be used. Various additives can be added to the mix to increase adhesion. Coarser sand is used in the base layer and slightly finer sand in the top layer.
The application process resembles the process of applying paint. To ensure adhesion, the surface to be rendered is initially hosed off to ensure it is free of any dirt and loose particles. Old paint or old render is scraped away. The surface is roughened to improve adhesion. For large areas, vertical battens are fixed to the wall every 1 to 1.5 meters, to keep the render flat and even.
Acrylic rendering
There is also a wide variety of premixed renders commercially available for different situations. Some have a polymer additive added to the traditional cement, lime and sand mix for enhanced water resistance, flexibility and adhesion.
Acrylic premixed renders have superior water resistance and strength. They can be used on a wider variety of surfaces than cement render, including concrete, cement blocks, and AAC concrete paneling. These acrylic modified renders may still be too brittle and cannot be applied over substrates like fiber cement sheeting, as they will crack on the joints and can allow water to enter the sheet and cause delamination of the coatings. The newer technology polymer exterior cladding such as expanded polystyrene (EPS) can have these acrylic modified renders applied to them with the inclusion of an alkali resistant mesh encapsulated between the render coats. Some premixed acrylic renders have a smoother complexion than traditional renders. There are also many various acrylic-bound pigmented 'designer' finishing coats that can be applied over acrylic render. Various finishes, patterns and textures are possible such as sand, sandstone, marble, stone, stone chip, lime wash or clay like finishes. There are stipple, glistening finishes, and those with enhanced water resistance and antifungal properties. Depending upon the product, they can be rolled, troweled or sponged on. A limited number can also be sprayed on. Acrylic renders usually take only 2 days to dry and thus much faster than the usual 28 days for traditional render.
A disadvantage of acrylic render vs. traditional rendering is that acrylic render lacks the sustainability and environmental compatibility of traditional cement-and-mineral render. All buildings have a finite lifetime, and their materials will eventually be either recycled or absorbed into the environment. As acrylics are synthetic polymers, they do not break down by natural weathering the same way that a cement, sand, and lime mixture will, and so will persist in the natural environment for much longer as synthetic chemical compounds that have unknown long-term effects on ecosystems. Also, the application and drying process of solvent based acrylic resin render involves the atmospheric evaporation of pollutant solvents—necessary for the application of the resin—which are hazardous to the health of humans and of many organisms on which humans depend. Synthetic polymers such as acrylic are manufactured from chemical feedstocks such as acetone, hydrogen cyanide, ethylene, isobutylene, and other petroleum derivatives. The polymer products cannot be fully recycled (using present technology or any that can be confidently expected to be developed), so new raw materials, taken from the finite and diminishing supply of raw natural resources, must always be put into their manufacture, making the process unsustainable. Traditional cement-based render does not have these problems, making it an arguably better choice in many cases, despite its working limitations. Using Waterborne resins will not have these disadvantages.
See also
Exterior insulation finishing system
Harling (wall finish)
Lath and plaster
Pargeting
Plaster
Plasterwork
Polished plaster
Siding
Stucco
Tadelakt
References
Further reading
Construction
Wallcoverings
Building materials
Plastering
fr:Enduit (bâtiment)
nl:Pleister (bouw) |
Kanigówek is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ciechanów, within Ciechanów County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately west of Ciechanów and north-west of Warsaw.
References
Villages in Ciechanów County |
Valerio Bernabò (born 3 March 1984 in Rome) is a retired Italian rugby union player. He has also been selected for the Italian national team with 33 caps, making his debut in 2004 against the USA. He also captained the Italian under-21 team. His usual position was at lock.
He played for CA Brive in 2007/08. In June 2010 he joined until 2013-2014 season Benetton Treviso for the 2010/11 Celtic League season and from 2014 to 2018 he played with Zebre
References
External links
RBS 6 Nations profile
1984 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Rome
Italian rugby union players
Rugby union locks
CA Brive players
Benetton Rugby players
Italy international rugby union players
2007 Rugby World Cup players
2015 Rugby World Cup players |
József Nagy (born 28 June 1975) is a Hungarian professional boxer who competed from 2003 to 2014 with a record of 31–15. At middleweight, he won the IBF International and interim WBA Inter-Continental titles. At super middleweight, he held the IBF Inter-continental title and as a cruiserweight he won the WBF (Foundation) title. As an amateur, he competed in the men's welterweight event at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
References
External links
1975 births
Living people
Hungarian male boxers
Middleweight boxers
Super-middleweight boxers
Cruiserweight boxers
Olympic boxers for Hungary
Boxers at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Debrecen |
```php
<?php
/*
*
* ____ _ _ __ __ _ __ __ ____
* | _ \ ___ ___| | _____| |_| \/ (_)_ __ ___ | \/ | _ \
* | |_) / _ \ / __| |/ / _ \ __| |\/| | | '_ \ / _ \_____| |\/| | |_) |
* | __/ (_) | (__| < __/ |_| | | | | | | | __/_____| | | | __/
* |_| \___/ \___|_|\_\___|\__|_| |_|_|_| |_|\___| |_| |_|_|
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* @author PocketMine Team
* @link path_to_url
*
*
*/
declare(strict_types=1);
namespace pocketmine\event\player;
use pocketmine\event\Cancellable;
use pocketmine\event\CancellableTrait;
use pocketmine\lang\Translatable;
use pocketmine\player\Player;
/**
* Called after the player has successfully authenticated, before it spawns. The player is on the loading screen when
* this is called.
* Cancelling this event will cause the player to be disconnected with the kick message set.
*/
class PlayerLoginEvent extends PlayerEvent implements Cancellable{
use CancellableTrait;
public function __construct(
Player $player,
protected Translatable|string $kickMessage
){
$this->player = $player;
}
public function setKickMessage(Translatable|string $kickMessage) : void{
$this->kickMessage = $kickMessage;
}
public function getKickMessage() : Translatable|string{
return $this->kickMessage;
}
}
``` |
Hey is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Dale Hey (1947–2012), Canadian-born American professional wrestler better known as Buddy Roberts
David Hey (1938–2016), English historian
Donald Holroyde Hey (1904–1987), British organic chemist
Jerry Hey (born 1950), American musician
Jonathan Hey (born 1979), information scientist
Tony Hey (born 1946), British computer scientist
Vic Hey (1912–1995), Australian rugby league footballer
Virginia Hey (born 1952), Australian actress
William Hey (surgeon) (1736–1819), English surgeon |
Kule is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Popów, within Kłobuck County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It lies approximately east of Popów, north-east of Kłobuck, and north of the regional capital Katowice.
References
Kule |
The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Ophthalmologists (RANZCO) is the medical college responsible for training and professional development of ophthalmologists in Australia and New Zealand. Founded in 1997 in a merger of the Royal Australian College of Ophthalmologists (est. 1938) and the Ophthalmological Society of New Zealand (est. 1946), the primary headquarters of the college is in Sydney, Australia, with a branch in New Zealand and in each state of Australia.
College role
In Australia and New Zealand, an ophthalmologist is required to have undertaken a minimum of 12 years of training, including:
5–7 years at a medical school, graduating with a degree in medicine,
2 years (minimum) as a newly qualified doctor undertaking basic medical training,
5 years of ophthalmic specialist training and successful completion of examinations set by RANZCO.
Ophthalmologists who have successfully completed the training program of The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Ophthalmologists are known as Fellows of the college (FRANZCO). There are currently about 700 Fellows in Australia.
RANZCO is responsible for training, examining and representing medical practitioners in the specialty of ophthalmology, who upon completion of training, are equipped to undertake unsupervised ophthalmology practice. The RANZCO Continuing Professional Development Program assists its Fellows and Members in ongoing education and skills training.
RANZCO also has a role in advocating in the area of eye healthcare in Australia, New Zealand and the Asia-Pacific region, and participates alongside the International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO), the International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness (IAPB), and the Commonwealth Eye Health Consortium.
History
In 1899, Dr James Barrett, who had been a founding member of the Ophthalmological Society of the United Kingdom in 1890, worked with Dr A. L. Kennedy from the Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, to form the Ophthalmological Society of Victoria (OSV), which later became the Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Section of the Victorian Branch of the British Medical Association (BMA) in 1913. In 1910 the Ophthalmological Society of New South Wales (OSNSW) was founded as an independent body, followed by groups in other states as sections or branches of the British Medical Association: Queensland in 1924, South Australia in 1925, and Western Australia in 1946.
Royal Australian College of Ophthalmologists
On 23 March 1938, 20 ophthalmologists from various states gathered in Sydney to form the Ophthalmological Society of Australia of the British Medical Association, with Sir James Barrett as its first president. Prior to this, the Intercolonial (later Australasian) Medical Congresses had provided the only vehicle for Australian ophthalmologists to meet and exchange professional ideas. Dissatisfaction with this arrangement led to the successful move to create a national organisation to represent the profession. The Australian society absorbed the OSNSW and the eye sections of the BMA branches from Victoria, Queensland, and South Australia.
In April 1939, the Ophthalmological Society of Australia held its first annual national scientific meeting in Melbourne. This meeting was followed later in 1939 by the publication of Transactions of the Ophthalmological Society of Australia. In the post-war years there was growing dissatisfaction about the standard of ophthalmological training in Australia, which led to the formation of the Australian College of Ophthalmologists in May 1969.
The new college absorbed the members, assets, policies and procedures of the Society. In addition, the new Articles of Association provided for the college to supervise the training of aspiring ophthalmologists and conduct examinations to test and recognise their competence. The college was granted the "Royal" prefix by Queen Elizabeth II in 1977.
Ophthalmological Society of New Zealand
In 1939 there was an attempt to include New Zealand ophthalmologists in the Australian Society, but this was frustrated by the rules of the British Medical Association. The Ophthalmological Society of New Zealand (OSNZ) found its beginnings in a special meeting in February 1946 organised by Dr Walter Hope-Robertson during the annual conference of the New Zealand Branch of the British Medical Association. Hope-Robertson noted to that meeting that changes to the Social Security Act 1938 by the Labour government of Peter Fraser raised the possibility of a government-paid specialist service in New Zealand, and that there was concern that ophthalmic service fees could be restricted without an appropriate body to lobby for their interests. A few days later, Dr William Fairclough was elected the first society president, and Sir Lindo Ferguson, New Zealand's first fully trained ophthalmologist, was asked to become the society's first patron.
Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Ophthalmologists
In 1992, discussions began on the full amalgamation of OSNZ and RACO, culminating in 1997 with the joint decision to form a New Zealand Branch of the college. The amalgamation took place on 1 July 1997, with the interim name being the "Royal Australian College of Ophthalmologists incorporating the
Ophthalmological Society of New Zealand", pending the resolution of the 1999 Australian republic referendum to determine the royal status of the college. There was discussion about whether the new name should be the "Australasian" or "Australian and New Zealand" College of Ophthalmologists, with the latter choice being favoured by the New Zealanders and was the one eventually chosen. Approval was also required from the Queen regarding the retention of the "Royal" patronage of the new college, which was given in November 2000, with the change of name to "The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Ophthalmologists".
Presidents (OSA/ACO/RACO/RANZCO)
Sir James Barrett (1938–1940)
Dr Leonard Mitchell (1940–1941)
Sir Norman Gregg (1944–1945)
Dr Joseph Ringland Anderson (1945–1946)
Dr Darcy Ambrose Williams (1946–1947)
Dr George Brew (1948–1949)
Dr Arthur Joyce (1949–1950)
Dr Walter Lockhart Gibson (1950–1951)
Dr J. Bruce Hamilton (1951–1952)
Dr Alfred Ladyman Tostevin (1952–1953)
Dr Maxwell Clifford Moore (1964–1965)
Dr Hugh Ryan (1965–1966)
Dr Waddy Pockley (1966–1967)
Dr David Waterworth (1967–1968)
Dr James Foster (1968–1969)
Dr Daniel Hart (1969–1970)
Dr Reuben Hertzberg (1970–1971)
Dr Daniel Wilson (1971–1972)
Dr Ronald Lowe (1972–1973)
Dr David Crompton (1973–1974)
Dr Lloyd Cahill (1974–1975)
Dr Tim Yates (1975–1976)
Dr James McBride-White (1976–1977)
Dr James Rogers (1977–1978)
Dr Eddie Donaldson (1978–1979)
Dr Geoffrey Harley (1979–1980)
Dr Mark Harrison (1980–1981)
Dr Kenneth George Howsam (1981–1982)
Dr Remington Pyne (1982–1983)
Dr Jack Hornbrook (1983–1984)
Dr Theo Keldoulis (1984–1985)
Dr Dick Galbraith (1985–1986)
Dr Ray Whitford (1986–1987)
Professor Frank Billson (1987–1988)
Dr Frank Sullivan (1988–1989)
Dr Peter Hardy-Smith (1989–1990)
Dr Wal Thyer (1990–1991)
Dr John Milverton (1991–1992)
Associate Professor Ian Favilla (1992–1993)
Dr Emmanuel Gregory (1993–1994)
Associate Professor Justin O'Day (1994–1995)
Dr Geoffrey Morlet (1995–1996)
Associate Professor Frank Martin (1996–1997)
Dr Brian Lockhart Gibson (1997–1998)
Dr Bill Gillies (1998–1999)
Dr Michael Steiner (1999–2000)
Dr John Crompton (2000–2001)
Associate Professor Ivan Goldberg (2001–2002)
Dr Bruce Hadden (2002–2003)
Dr Peter Henderson (2003–2004)
Dr Allan Rosenberg (2004–2006)
Dr Andrew Stewart (2006–2007)
Dr Iain Dunlop (2007–2009)
Dr Richard Stawell (2009–2011)
Dr William Glasson (2011–2012)
Dr Stephen Best (2012–2014)
Dr Bradley Horsburgh (2014–2016)
Professor Mark Daniell (2016–2018)
Associate Professor Heather Mack (2018–2020)
Professor Nitin Verma (2020–2022)
Dr Grant Raymond (2022–present)
Training
The RANZCO trains ophthalmologists through the Vocational Training Program, which typically takes 5 years which includes both basic and advanced training. Trainees rotate through different hospitals for clinical development and training. The 7 key roles underpinning selection, training and assessment are: ophthalmic expert and clinical decision maker, communicator, collaborator, manager, health advocate, scholar, and professional.
In January 2010, the Commonwealth Government's Department of Health and Ageing (DoHA) announced that it was to consolidate a range of programs aimed at establishing training places in settings other than the traditional public teaching hospitals into the one Specialist Training Program (STP). The STP is designed to expand the training opportunities for specialist trainees particularly in rural and private practice settings.
Publications
The college publishes a scientific journal, Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology (Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol.).
Coat of arms
Australian arms
When the Ophthalmological Society of Australia became the Australian College of Ophthalmologists, there was some discussion among members on adopting armorial bearings for the new college. In 1969, Dr James Foster, the first President of the college, and the Council asked Dr Edward Ryan and Dr Hugh Ryan to finalise a design. With assistance from A. Geoffrey Puttock, a final design was finally submitted to the College Council in 1970. In the Australian Journal of Ophthalmology, Hugh Ryan described the final design as such:
When the Queen granted the Australia College the right to use the prefix Royal in 1977, in 1978 it was decided to apply to the College of Arms for a formal grant of arms. In granting the arms in 1982, the college made amendments to the design, including that the species of the eagle should be changed to the Bald eagle (Haliaetus leucocephalus) with its wings folded not raised, that the lion and eagle should have a red Tudor rose on their breast, and the removal of the grassy mound compartment.
New Zealand arms
In 1993, the Ophthalmological Society of New Zealand obtained its own coat of arms due to the efforts of Dr Dorothy Potter, featuring two Tuatara as supporters and a motto: ("From Darkness, Light").
Amalgamated college arms
With the merger of the two bodies in 1997, the New Zealand Herald Extraordinary, Phillip O'Shea, advised that the armorial bearings of OSNZ, like those of the Australian College, would become dormant upon amalgamation. Following an estimation that designing and applying for a new coat of arms might cost around $20,000, the decision was made that a new coat of arms for the amalgamated college would be designed "in-house" by Dr Harold Coop, an Auckland-based ophthalmologist, and that no official sanction would be sought from the College of Arms. This coat of arms was adopted in 2001, and is used in all college publications today.
The arms features a kangaroo supporter to represent Australia and a Kiwi for New Zealand. The appearance and meaning of the escutcheon and the motto (Ut Videant – "That they may see") from the Australian arms granted in 1982 were retained in the new arms, except with the mantling and shield differenced Azure, to use the primary colour of the 1993 OSNZ arms and to represent the Pacific Ocean. The new crest incorporates the national flowers of the two countries – the Golden Wattle of Australia and the Pohutukawa of New Zealand, in front of a flaming torch to represent enlightenment and learning.
References
External links
Medical and health organisations based in Australia
Medical associations based in Australia
Medical education in Australia
Australian and New Zealand Ophthalmologists
Organisations based in Australia with royal patronage
Medical associations based in New Zealand
Organisations based in New Zealand with royal patronage
1938 establishments in Australia
1997 establishments in Australia
1946 establishments in New Zealand |
Soultz-les-Bains (; historical , ) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est, France.
In 1682, the famous military engineer Vauban constructed the Canal de la Bruche between Soultz and Strasbourg. The canal was needed in order to transport sandstone from the quarries of Soultz for use in his fortification of Strasbourg. The canal carried its last commercial load in 1939 and was formally closed in 1957.
See also
Église Saint-Maurice, Soultz-les-Bains
Communes of the Bas-Rhin department
References
Communes of Bas-Rhin
Bas-Rhin communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia |
```c++
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
// are met:
// * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
// * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
// documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
// * Neither the name of NVIDIA CORPORATION nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
// from this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS ``AS IS'' AND ANY
// EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
// IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
// PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
// CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
// EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
// PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
// PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY
// OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
//
// This file was generated by NvParameterized/scripts/GenParameterized.pl
#include "ImpactObjectEvent_0p2.h"
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
using namespace NvParameterized;
namespace nvidia
{
namespace parameterized
{
using namespace ImpactObjectEvent_0p2NS;
const char* const ImpactObjectEvent_0p2Factory::vptr =
NvParameterized::getVptr<ImpactObjectEvent_0p2, ImpactObjectEvent_0p2::ClassAlignment>();
const uint32_t NumParamDefs = 21;
static NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* ParamDefTable; // now allocated in buildTree [NumParamDefs];
static const size_t ParamLookupChildrenTable[] =
{
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20,
};
#define TENUM(type) nvidia::##type
#define CHILDREN(index) &ParamLookupChildrenTable[index]
static const NvParameterized::ParamLookupNode ParamLookupTable[NumParamDefs] =
{
{ TYPE_STRUCT, false, 0, CHILDREN(0), 13 },
{ TYPE_STRING, false, (size_t)(&((ParametersStruct*)0)->eventSetName), NULL, 0 }, // eventSetName
{ TYPE_REF, false, (size_t)(&((ParametersStruct*)0)->iofxAssetName), NULL, 0 }, // iofxAssetName
{ TYPE_REF, false, (size_t)(&((ParametersStruct*)0)->iosAssetName), NULL, 0 }, // iosAssetName
{ TYPE_F32, false, (size_t)(&((ParametersStruct*)0)->angleLow), NULL, 0 }, // angleLow
{ TYPE_F32, false, (size_t)(&((ParametersStruct*)0)->angleHigh), NULL, 0 }, // angleHigh
{ TYPE_F32, false, (size_t)(&((ParametersStruct*)0)->speedLow), NULL, 0 }, // speedLow
{ TYPE_F32, false, (size_t)(&((ParametersStruct*)0)->speedHigh), NULL, 0 }, // speedHigh
{ TYPE_F32, false, (size_t)(&((ParametersStruct*)0)->lifeLow), NULL, 0 }, // lifeLow
{ TYPE_F32, false, (size_t)(&((ParametersStruct*)0)->lifeHigh), NULL, 0 }, // lifeHigh
{ TYPE_F32, false, (size_t)(&((ParametersStruct*)0)->delay), NULL, 0 }, // delay
{ TYPE_U32, false, (size_t)(&((ParametersStruct*)0)->particleSpawnCount), NULL, 0 }, // particleSpawnCount
{ TYPE_ENUM, false, (size_t)(&((ParametersStruct*)0)->impactAxis), NULL, 0 }, // impactAxis
{ TYPE_STRUCT, false, (size_t)(&((ParametersStruct*)0)->lodParamDesc), CHILDREN(13), 7 }, // lodParamDesc
{ TYPE_U32, false, (size_t)(&((emitterLodParamDesc_Type*)0)->version), NULL, 0 }, // lodParamDesc.version
{ TYPE_F32, false, (size_t)(&((emitterLodParamDesc_Type*)0)->maxDistance), NULL, 0 }, // lodParamDesc.maxDistance
{ TYPE_F32, false, (size_t)(&((emitterLodParamDesc_Type*)0)->distanceWeight), NULL, 0 }, // lodParamDesc.distanceWeight
{ TYPE_F32, false, (size_t)(&((emitterLodParamDesc_Type*)0)->speedWeight), NULL, 0 }, // lodParamDesc.speedWeight
{ TYPE_F32, false, (size_t)(&((emitterLodParamDesc_Type*)0)->lifeWeight), NULL, 0 }, // lodParamDesc.lifeWeight
{ TYPE_F32, false, (size_t)(&((emitterLodParamDesc_Type*)0)->separationWeight), NULL, 0 }, // lodParamDesc.separationWeight
{ TYPE_F32, false, (size_t)(&((emitterLodParamDesc_Type*)0)->bias), NULL, 0 }, // lodParamDesc.bias
};
bool ImpactObjectEvent_0p2::mBuiltFlag = false;
NvParameterized::MutexType ImpactObjectEvent_0p2::mBuiltFlagMutex;
ImpactObjectEvent_0p2::ImpactObjectEvent_0p2(NvParameterized::Traits* traits, void* buf, int32_t* refCount) :
NvParameters(traits, buf, refCount)
{
//mParameterizedTraits->registerFactory(className(), &ImpactObjectEvent_0p2FactoryInst);
if (!buf) //Do not init data if it is inplace-deserialized
{
initDynamicArrays();
initStrings();
initReferences();
initDefaults();
}
}
ImpactObjectEvent_0p2::~ImpactObjectEvent_0p2()
{
freeStrings();
freeReferences();
freeDynamicArrays();
}
void ImpactObjectEvent_0p2::destroy()
{
// We cache these fields here to avoid overwrite in destructor
bool doDeallocateSelf = mDoDeallocateSelf;
NvParameterized::Traits* traits = mParameterizedTraits;
int32_t* refCount = mRefCount;
void* buf = mBuffer;
this->~ImpactObjectEvent_0p2();
NvParameters::destroy(this, traits, doDeallocateSelf, refCount, buf);
}
const NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* ImpactObjectEvent_0p2::getParameterDefinitionTree(void)
{
if (!mBuiltFlag) // Double-checked lock
{
NvParameterized::MutexType::ScopedLock lock(mBuiltFlagMutex);
if (!mBuiltFlag)
{
buildTree();
}
}
return(&ParamDefTable[0]);
}
const NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* ImpactObjectEvent_0p2::getParameterDefinitionTree(void) const
{
ImpactObjectEvent_0p2* tmpParam = const_cast<ImpactObjectEvent_0p2*>(this);
if (!mBuiltFlag) // Double-checked lock
{
NvParameterized::MutexType::ScopedLock lock(mBuiltFlagMutex);
if (!mBuiltFlag)
{
tmpParam->buildTree();
}
}
return(&ParamDefTable[0]);
}
NvParameterized::ErrorType ImpactObjectEvent_0p2::getParameterHandle(const char* long_name, Handle& handle) const
{
ErrorType Ret = NvParameters::getParameterHandle(long_name, handle);
if (Ret != ERROR_NONE)
{
return(Ret);
}
size_t offset;
void* ptr;
getVarPtr(handle, ptr, offset);
if (ptr == NULL)
{
return(ERROR_INDEX_OUT_OF_RANGE);
}
return(ERROR_NONE);
}
NvParameterized::ErrorType ImpactObjectEvent_0p2::getParameterHandle(const char* long_name, Handle& handle)
{
ErrorType Ret = NvParameters::getParameterHandle(long_name, handle);
if (Ret != ERROR_NONE)
{
return(Ret);
}
size_t offset;
void* ptr;
getVarPtr(handle, ptr, offset);
if (ptr == NULL)
{
return(ERROR_INDEX_OUT_OF_RANGE);
}
return(ERROR_NONE);
}
void ImpactObjectEvent_0p2::getVarPtr(const Handle& handle, void*& ptr, size_t& offset) const
{
ptr = getVarPtrHelper(&ParamLookupTable[0], const_cast<ImpactObjectEvent_0p2::ParametersStruct*>(¶meters()), handle, offset);
}
/* Dynamic Handle Indices */
void ImpactObjectEvent_0p2::freeParameterDefinitionTable(NvParameterized::Traits* traits)
{
if (!traits)
{
return;
}
if (!mBuiltFlag) // Double-checked lock
{
return;
}
NvParameterized::MutexType::ScopedLock lock(mBuiltFlagMutex);
if (!mBuiltFlag)
{
return;
}
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < NumParamDefs; ++i)
{
ParamDefTable[i].~DefinitionImpl();
}
traits->free(ParamDefTable);
mBuiltFlag = false;
}
#define PDEF_PTR(index) (&ParamDefTable[index])
void ImpactObjectEvent_0p2::buildTree(void)
{
uint32_t allocSize = sizeof(NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl) * NumParamDefs;
ParamDefTable = (NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl*)(mParameterizedTraits->alloc(allocSize));
memset(ParamDefTable, 0, allocSize);
for (uint32_t i = 0; i < NumParamDefs; ++i)
{
NV_PARAM_PLACEMENT_NEW(ParamDefTable + i, NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl)(*mParameterizedTraits);
}
// Initialize DefinitionImpl node: nodeIndex=0, longName=""
{
NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* ParamDef = &ParamDefTable[0];
ParamDef->init("", TYPE_STRUCT, "STRUCT", true);
}
// Initialize DefinitionImpl node: nodeIndex=1, longName="eventSetName"
{
NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* ParamDef = &ParamDefTable[1];
ParamDef->init("eventSetName", TYPE_STRING, NULL, true);
#ifdef NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS
#else
static HintImpl HintTable[1];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[1] = { &HintTable[0], };
HintTable[0].init("shortDescription", "The name of the event set (you can put multiple events in an event set)", true);
ParamDefTable[1].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 1);
#endif /* NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS */
}
// Initialize DefinitionImpl node: nodeIndex=2, longName="iofxAssetName"
{
NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* ParamDef = &ParamDefTable[2];
ParamDef->init("iofxAssetName", TYPE_REF, NULL, true);
#ifdef NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS
#else
static HintImpl HintTable[1];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[1] = { &HintTable[0], };
HintTable[0].init("shortDescription", "The name of the instanced object effects asset that will render the particles", true);
ParamDefTable[2].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 1);
#endif /* NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS */
static const char* const RefVariantVals[] = { "IOFX" };
ParamDefTable[2].setRefVariantVals((const char**)RefVariantVals, 1);
}
// Initialize DefinitionImpl node: nodeIndex=3, longName="iosAssetName"
{
NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* ParamDef = &ParamDefTable[3];
ParamDef->init("iosAssetName", TYPE_REF, NULL, true);
#ifdef NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS
#else
static HintImpl HintTable[1];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[1] = { &HintTable[0], };
HintTable[0].init("shortDescription", "The asset name of the particle system that will simulate the particles", true);
ParamDefTable[3].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 1);
#endif /* NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS */
static const char* const RefVariantVals[] = { "BasicIosAsset", "ParticleIosAsset" };
ParamDefTable[3].setRefVariantVals((const char**)RefVariantVals, 2);
}
// Initialize DefinitionImpl node: nodeIndex=4, longName="angleLow"
{
NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* ParamDef = &ParamDefTable[4];
ParamDef->init("angleLow", TYPE_F32, NULL, true);
#ifdef NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS
#else
static HintImpl HintTable[1];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[1] = { &HintTable[0], };
HintTable[0].init("shortDescription", "The particle emission angle range in degrees", true);
ParamDefTable[4].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 1);
#endif /* NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS */
}
// Initialize DefinitionImpl node: nodeIndex=5, longName="angleHigh"
{
NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* ParamDef = &ParamDefTable[5];
ParamDef->init("angleHigh", TYPE_F32, NULL, true);
#ifdef NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS
#else
static HintImpl HintTable[1];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[1] = { &HintTable[0], };
HintTable[0].init("shortDescription", "The particle emission angle range in degrees", true);
ParamDefTable[5].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 1);
#endif /* NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS */
}
// Initialize DefinitionImpl node: nodeIndex=6, longName="speedLow"
{
NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* ParamDef = &ParamDefTable[6];
ParamDef->init("speedLow", TYPE_F32, NULL, true);
#ifdef NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS
#else
static HintImpl HintTable[1];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[1] = { &HintTable[0], };
HintTable[0].init("shortDescription", "The particle emission speed range", true);
ParamDefTable[6].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 1);
#endif /* NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS */
}
// Initialize DefinitionImpl node: nodeIndex=7, longName="speedHigh"
{
NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* ParamDef = &ParamDefTable[7];
ParamDef->init("speedHigh", TYPE_F32, NULL, true);
#ifdef NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS
#else
static HintImpl HintTable[1];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[1] = { &HintTable[0], };
HintTable[0].init("shortDescription", "The particle emission speed range", true);
ParamDefTable[7].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 1);
#endif /* NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS */
}
// Initialize DefinitionImpl node: nodeIndex=8, longName="lifeLow"
{
NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* ParamDef = &ParamDefTable[8];
ParamDef->init("lifeLow", TYPE_F32, NULL, true);
#ifdef NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS
#else
static HintImpl HintTable[1];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[1] = { &HintTable[0], };
HintTable[0].init("shortDescription", "The particle life range in seconds", true);
ParamDefTable[8].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 1);
#endif /* NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS */
}
// Initialize DefinitionImpl node: nodeIndex=9, longName="lifeHigh"
{
NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* ParamDef = &ParamDefTable[9];
ParamDef->init("lifeHigh", TYPE_F32, NULL, true);
#ifdef NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS
#else
static HintImpl HintTable[1];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[1] = { &HintTable[0], };
HintTable[0].init("shortDescription", "The particle life range in seconds", true);
ParamDefTable[9].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 1);
#endif /* NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS */
}
// Initialize DefinitionImpl node: nodeIndex=10, longName="delay"
{
NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* ParamDef = &ParamDefTable[10];
ParamDef->init("delay", TYPE_F32, NULL, true);
#ifdef NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS
static HintImpl HintTable[2];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[2] = { &HintTable[0], &HintTable[1], };
HintTable[0].init("defaultValue", uint64_t(0), true);
HintTable[1].init("min", uint64_t(0), true);
ParamDefTable[10].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 2);
#else
static HintImpl HintTable[3];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[3] = { &HintTable[0], &HintTable[1], &HintTable[2], };
HintTable[0].init("defaultValue", uint64_t(0), true);
HintTable[1].init("min", uint64_t(0), true);
HintTable[2].init("shortDescription", "The delay (in seconds) after impact to wait before triggering", true);
ParamDefTable[10].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 3);
#endif /* NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS */
}
// Initialize DefinitionImpl node: nodeIndex=11, longName="particleSpawnCount"
{
NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* ParamDef = &ParamDefTable[11];
ParamDef->init("particleSpawnCount", TYPE_U32, NULL, true);
#ifdef NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS
static HintImpl HintTable[2];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[2] = { &HintTable[0], &HintTable[1], };
HintTable[0].init("defaultValue", uint64_t(10), true);
HintTable[1].init("min", uint64_t(0), true);
ParamDefTable[11].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 2);
#else
static HintImpl HintTable[3];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[3] = { &HintTable[0], &HintTable[1], &HintTable[2], };
HintTable[0].init("defaultValue", uint64_t(10), true);
HintTable[1].init("min", uint64_t(0), true);
HintTable[2].init("shortDescription", "The number of particles emitted per impact", true);
ParamDefTable[11].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 3);
#endif /* NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS */
}
// Initialize DefinitionImpl node: nodeIndex=12, longName="impactAxis"
{
NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* ParamDef = &ParamDefTable[12];
ParamDef->init("impactAxis", TYPE_ENUM, NULL, true);
#ifdef NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS
static HintImpl HintTable[1];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[1] = { &HintTable[0], };
HintTable[0].init("defaultValue", "reflection", true);
ParamDefTable[12].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 1);
#else
static HintImpl HintTable[2];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[2] = { &HintTable[0], &HintTable[1], };
HintTable[0].init("defaultValue", "reflection", true);
HintTable[1].init("shortDescription", "The method used to emit particles at the point of impact", true);
ParamDefTable[12].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 2);
#endif /* NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS */
static const char* const EnumVals[] = { "incident", "normal", "reflection" };
ParamDefTable[12].setEnumVals((const char**)EnumVals, 3);
}
// Initialize DefinitionImpl node: nodeIndex=13, longName="lodParamDesc"
{
NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* ParamDef = &ParamDefTable[13];
ParamDef->init("lodParamDesc", TYPE_STRUCT, "emitterLodParamDesc", true);
}
// Initialize DefinitionImpl node: nodeIndex=14, longName="lodParamDesc.version"
{
NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* ParamDef = &ParamDefTable[14];
ParamDef->init("version", TYPE_U32, NULL, true);
#ifdef NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS
static HintImpl HintTable[1];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[1] = { &HintTable[0], };
HintTable[0].init("defaultValue", uint64_t(0), true);
ParamDefTable[14].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 1);
#else
static HintImpl HintTable[2];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[2] = { &HintTable[0], &HintTable[1], };
HintTable[0].init("defaultValue", uint64_t(0), true);
HintTable[1].init("shortDescription", "Helpful documentation goes here", true);
ParamDefTable[14].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 2);
#endif /* NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS */
}
// Initialize DefinitionImpl node: nodeIndex=15, longName="lodParamDesc.maxDistance"
{
NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* ParamDef = &ParamDefTable[15];
ParamDef->init("maxDistance", TYPE_F32, NULL, true);
#ifdef NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS
static HintImpl HintTable[2];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[2] = { &HintTable[0], &HintTable[1], };
HintTable[0].init("defaultValue", uint64_t(0), true);
HintTable[1].init("min", uint64_t(0), true);
ParamDefTable[15].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 2);
#else
static HintImpl HintTable[3];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[3] = { &HintTable[0], &HintTable[1], &HintTable[2], };
HintTable[0].init("defaultValue", uint64_t(0), true);
HintTable[1].init("min", uint64_t(0), true);
HintTable[2].init("shortDescription", "Objects greater than this distance from the player will be culled more aggressively", true);
ParamDefTable[15].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 3);
#endif /* NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS */
}
// Initialize DefinitionImpl node: nodeIndex=16, longName="lodParamDesc.distanceWeight"
{
NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* ParamDef = &ParamDefTable[16];
ParamDef->init("distanceWeight", TYPE_F32, NULL, true);
#ifdef NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS
static HintImpl HintTable[3];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[3] = { &HintTable[0], &HintTable[1], &HintTable[2], };
HintTable[0].init("defaultValue", uint64_t(1), true);
HintTable[1].init("max", uint64_t(1), true);
HintTable[2].init("min", uint64_t(0), true);
ParamDefTable[16].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 3);
#else
static HintImpl HintTable[4];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[4] = { &HintTable[0], &HintTable[1], &HintTable[2], &HintTable[3], };
HintTable[0].init("defaultValue", uint64_t(1), true);
HintTable[1].init("max", uint64_t(1), true);
HintTable[2].init("min", uint64_t(0), true);
HintTable[3].init("shortDescription", "Weight given to distance parameter in LOD function", true);
ParamDefTable[16].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 4);
#endif /* NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS */
}
// Initialize DefinitionImpl node: nodeIndex=17, longName="lodParamDesc.speedWeight"
{
NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* ParamDef = &ParamDefTable[17];
ParamDef->init("speedWeight", TYPE_F32, NULL, true);
#ifdef NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS
static HintImpl HintTable[3];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[3] = { &HintTable[0], &HintTable[1], &HintTable[2], };
HintTable[0].init("defaultValue", uint64_t(0), true);
HintTable[1].init("max", uint64_t(1), true);
HintTable[2].init("min", uint64_t(0), true);
ParamDefTable[17].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 3);
#else
static HintImpl HintTable[4];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[4] = { &HintTable[0], &HintTable[1], &HintTable[2], &HintTable[3], };
HintTable[0].init("defaultValue", uint64_t(0), true);
HintTable[1].init("max", uint64_t(1), true);
HintTable[2].init("min", uint64_t(0), true);
HintTable[3].init("shortDescription", "Weight given to velocity parameter in LOD function", true);
ParamDefTable[17].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 4);
#endif /* NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS */
}
// Initialize DefinitionImpl node: nodeIndex=18, longName="lodParamDesc.lifeWeight"
{
NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* ParamDef = &ParamDefTable[18];
ParamDef->init("lifeWeight", TYPE_F32, NULL, true);
#ifdef NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS
static HintImpl HintTable[3];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[3] = { &HintTable[0], &HintTable[1], &HintTable[2], };
HintTable[0].init("defaultValue", uint64_t(0), true);
HintTable[1].init("max", uint64_t(1), true);
HintTable[2].init("min", uint64_t(0), true);
ParamDefTable[18].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 3);
#else
static HintImpl HintTable[4];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[4] = { &HintTable[0], &HintTable[1], &HintTable[2], &HintTable[3], };
HintTable[0].init("defaultValue", uint64_t(0), true);
HintTable[1].init("max", uint64_t(1), true);
HintTable[2].init("min", uint64_t(0), true);
HintTable[3].init("shortDescription", "Weight given to life remain parameter in LOD function", true);
ParamDefTable[18].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 4);
#endif /* NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS */
}
// Initialize DefinitionImpl node: nodeIndex=19, longName="lodParamDesc.separationWeight"
{
NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* ParamDef = &ParamDefTable[19];
ParamDef->init("separationWeight", TYPE_F32, NULL, true);
#ifdef NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS
static HintImpl HintTable[3];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[3] = { &HintTable[0], &HintTable[1], &HintTable[2], };
HintTable[0].init("defaultValue", uint64_t(0), true);
HintTable[1].init("max", uint64_t(1), true);
HintTable[2].init("min", uint64_t(0), true);
ParamDefTable[19].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 3);
#else
static HintImpl HintTable[4];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[4] = { &HintTable[0], &HintTable[1], &HintTable[2], &HintTable[3], };
HintTable[0].init("defaultValue", uint64_t(0), true);
HintTable[1].init("max", uint64_t(1), true);
HintTable[2].init("min", uint64_t(0), true);
HintTable[3].init("shortDescription", "Weight given to separation parameter in LOD function", true);
ParamDefTable[19].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 4);
#endif /* NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS */
}
// Initialize DefinitionImpl node: nodeIndex=20, longName="lodParamDesc.bias"
{
NvParameterized::DefinitionImpl* ParamDef = &ParamDefTable[20];
ParamDef->init("bias", TYPE_F32, NULL, true);
#ifdef NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS
static HintImpl HintTable[2];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[2] = { &HintTable[0], &HintTable[1], };
HintTable[0].init("defaultValue", uint64_t(1), true);
HintTable[1].init("min", uint64_t(0), true);
ParamDefTable[20].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 2);
#else
static HintImpl HintTable[3];
static Hint* HintPtrTable[3] = { &HintTable[0], &HintTable[1], &HintTable[2], };
HintTable[0].init("defaultValue", uint64_t(1), true);
HintTable[1].init("min", uint64_t(0), true);
HintTable[2].init("shortDescription", "Bias given to objects spawned by this emitter, relative to other emitters in the same IOS", true);
ParamDefTable[20].setHints((const NvParameterized::Hint**)HintPtrTable, 3);
#endif /* NV_PARAMETERIZED_HIDE_DESCRIPTIONS */
}
// SetChildren for: nodeIndex=0, longName=""
{
static Definition* Children[13];
Children[0] = PDEF_PTR(1);
Children[1] = PDEF_PTR(2);
Children[2] = PDEF_PTR(3);
Children[3] = PDEF_PTR(4);
Children[4] = PDEF_PTR(5);
Children[5] = PDEF_PTR(6);
Children[6] = PDEF_PTR(7);
Children[7] = PDEF_PTR(8);
Children[8] = PDEF_PTR(9);
Children[9] = PDEF_PTR(10);
Children[10] = PDEF_PTR(11);
Children[11] = PDEF_PTR(12);
Children[12] = PDEF_PTR(13);
ParamDefTable[0].setChildren(Children, 13);
}
// SetChildren for: nodeIndex=13, longName="lodParamDesc"
{
static Definition* Children[7];
Children[0] = PDEF_PTR(14);
Children[1] = PDEF_PTR(15);
Children[2] = PDEF_PTR(16);
Children[3] = PDEF_PTR(17);
Children[4] = PDEF_PTR(18);
Children[5] = PDEF_PTR(19);
Children[6] = PDEF_PTR(20);
ParamDefTable[13].setChildren(Children, 7);
}
mBuiltFlag = true;
}
void ImpactObjectEvent_0p2::initStrings(void)
{
eventSetName.isAllocated = true;
eventSetName.buf = NULL;
}
void ImpactObjectEvent_0p2::initDynamicArrays(void)
{
}
void ImpactObjectEvent_0p2::initDefaults(void)
{
freeStrings();
freeReferences();
freeDynamicArrays();
angleLow = float(0);
angleHigh = float(90);
speedLow = float(0);
speedHigh = float(1);
lifeLow = float(5);
lifeHigh = float(10);
delay = float(0);
particleSpawnCount = uint32_t(10);
impactAxis = (const char*)"reflection";
lodParamDesc.version = uint32_t(0);
lodParamDesc.maxDistance = float(0);
lodParamDesc.distanceWeight = float(1);
lodParamDesc.speedWeight = float(0);
lodParamDesc.lifeWeight = float(0);
lodParamDesc.separationWeight = float(0);
lodParamDesc.bias = float(1);
initDynamicArrays();
initStrings();
initReferences();
}
void ImpactObjectEvent_0p2::initReferences(void)
{
iofxAssetName = NULL;
iosAssetName = NULL;
}
void ImpactObjectEvent_0p2::freeDynamicArrays(void)
{
}
void ImpactObjectEvent_0p2::freeStrings(void)
{
if (eventSetName.isAllocated && eventSetName.buf)
{
mParameterizedTraits->strfree((char*)eventSetName.buf);
}
}
void ImpactObjectEvent_0p2::freeReferences(void)
{
if (iofxAssetName)
{
iofxAssetName->destroy();
}
if (iosAssetName)
{
iosAssetName->destroy();
}
}
} // namespace parameterized
} // namespace nvidia
``` |
Born Again may refer to:
Religion
Arhat or 'arhant', the Buddhist conception which succeeds the earlier Dvija concept in the Dharmic tradition
Born again, a Christian term for spiritual rebirth and salvation
Dvija, the concept of being "twice-born" prominent in Hinduism since classical times
Film and television
Born Again (film), a 1978 American film
Born Again (TV series), a 2020 South Korean television series
Daredevil: Born Again, an upcoming superhero television series set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe
Episodes
"Born Again" (The Americans)
"Born Again" (Doctor Who)
"Born Again" (Vikings)
"Born Again" (The X-Files)
Literature
"Born Again" (comics), a 1986 Daredevil story arc
Born Again, a 1976 book by Charles Colson
"Born Again", a 2005 short story by K. D. Wentworth
Music
Albums
Born Again (Black Sabbath album), 1983
Born Again (Mica Paris album), 2009
Born Again (Newsboys album), 2010
Born Again (The Notorious B.I.G. album), 1999
Born Again (Randy Newman album), 1979
Born Again (Red Flag album), 2007
Born Again (Warrant album), 2006
Born Again (Wumpscut album), 1998
Born Again, by Blood Axis, 2011
Born Again, by Farmer Boys, 2018
Born Again, by Pat Boone, 1973
Songs
"Born Again" (SHY & DRS song), 2014
"Born Again" (Starsailor song), 2003
"Born Again" (Third Day song), 2009
"Born Again" (Tiffany Young song), 2019
"Born Again", by Austin French from the album Wide Open, 2018
"Born Again", by Badly Drawn Boy from Have You Fed the Fish?
"Born Again", by Bebe Rexha from Bebe, 2023
"Born Again", by Blood Axis from the album Born Again, 2011
"Born Again", by The Christians from The Christians
"Born Again", by Cory Asbury from Reckless Love
"Born Again", by Debby Kerner & Ernie Rettino
"Born Again", by Marilyn Manson from Holy Wood (In the Shadow of the Valley of Death)
"Born Again", by Rihanna from Black Panther: Wakanda Forever – Music from and Inspired By
"Born Again", by Saint Motel from Saintmotelevision
"Born Again", by Supergrass from Supergrass
See also
Born Again Movement
Born Again Pagans, a 1994 album by Coil Vs. ELpH
Born-again virgin
Björn Again, an ABBA tribute band
Bourne-again shell or bash, a Unix-like shell
Renaissance
Rebirth (disambiguation)
Reborn (disambiguation) |
In Extremis is the second full-length album by the Los Angeles, California based progressive rock band Days Between Stations. In Extremis is a concept album about a man at the point of death. The title "In Extremis" refers to the Latin term "In extremity" – A term used in reference to the last illness prior to death.
The album contains one of the last studio performances by former Yes guitarist Peter Banks.
The album was listed in SomethingElseReviews.com's list of "top 10" Progressive Rock albums of 2013.
In early 2014, the band released "In Extremis" in the vinyl format as a 2LP gatefold with 2 versions: a limited edition colored vinyl (50 units) and a larger edition in black vinyl (450 units).
In June 2014, the band released their first music video for the track "The Man Who Died Two Times" from the album, featuring Colin Moulding of XTC on lead vocals.
Track listing
All music written by Sepand Samzadeh and Oscar Fuentes.
All lyrics written by Sepand Samzadeh, Oscar Fuentes and Billy Sherwood.
"No Cause For Alarm" – 3:51
"In Utero" – 5:10
"Visionary" – 10:40
"Blackfoot" – 10:06
"The Man Who Died Two Times" – 4:12
"Waltz In E Minor" – 2:06
"Eggshell Man" – 11:58
"In Extremis" - 21.38
Part I: Mass
Part II: On The Ground
Part III: A Requiem
Part IV: Writing on Water
Part V: Overland
Part VI: Traveler
Personnel
Sepand Samzadeh – synthesizer, guitar
Oscar Fuentes – synthesizer, Piano, acoustic guitar
Additional Players/Artists
Peter Banks (2nd Lead & Rhythm Guitar on Eggshell Man, In Extremis)
Matt Bradford (Dobro on Visionary)
Tony Levin (Bass on all tracks)
Colin Moulding (Lead Vocals on The Man Who Died Two Times)
Ali Nouri (Tar solo on Eggshell Man)
Jeffery Samzadeh (Sonati Vocals on In Extremis)
Billy Sherwood (Drums and Lead Vocals)
Rick Wakeman (Keyboard Solo on Eggshell Man)
The Barbershop Quartet (Pat Claypool, Matt Gray, Eric Orr, David Rakita on In Extremis)
Chris Tedesco & The Angel City Orchestra (No Cause for Alarm, In Utero, Visionary, Waltz in E Minor, In Extremis)
Artwork & Layout: Paul Whitehead
References
2013 albums
Days Between Stations albums |
Orikkal Koodi is a 1981 Indian Malayalam-language film, directed by I. V. Sasi and produced by S. R. Shaji. The film stars Madhu, Sukumaran, Kaviyoor Ponnamma and Lakshmi in the lead roles. background music was by Shyam.
Cast
Plot
Ramachandran Madhu takes charge as the MD of the company where Devi Lakshmi works as a stenographer. Devi is a hardworking single woman. Ramachandran on the other hand is a bachelor who refuses to marry due to a mishap earlier in his life. The prospective bride of Ramachandran had eloped with her lover on the day before the wedding and Ramachandran still has not been able to get over that traumatic memory. Ramachandran starts to develop feelings for Devi and Devi also reciprocates the same. Devi's daughter,a third grader and Ramachandran also have a very close bonding. However, one day when Ramachandran visits Devi, he accidentally finds out that Devi is the same girl who he was supposed to marry but had eloped. Heartbroken, Ramachandran behaves in a very cold manner to Devi. Devi could not bear the neglect. Ramachandran shares his problems with his friend Soman Sukumaran and then he tells his mother his wish to marry Devi. His mother Kaviyoor Ponnamma agrees to the marriage but shares her doubts whether Devi would be hesitant. Ramachandran in an office tour opens up to Devi about his feelings and Devi opens up about her past. However Ramachandran does not let Devi know that he was Devi's prospective bride-groom once. Devi learns about it from his mother and decides not to marry him. However, in the end true love wins; Devi and Ramachandran unite.
References
External links
1981 films
1980s Malayalam-language films
Films directed by I. V. Sasi |
```javascript
/* ========================================================================
* Bootstrap: collapse.js v3.3.7
* path_to_url#collapse
* ========================================================================
* ======================================================================== */
/* jshint latedef: false */
+function ($) {
'use strict';
// COLLAPSE PUBLIC CLASS DEFINITION
// ================================
var Collapse = function (element, options) {
this.$element = $(element)
this.options = $.extend({}, Collapse.DEFAULTS, options)
this.$trigger = $('[data-toggle="collapse"][href="#' + element.id + '"],' +
'[data-toggle="collapse"][data-target="#' + element.id + '"]')
this.transitioning = null
if (this.options.parent) {
this.$parent = this.getParent()
} else {
this.addAriaAndCollapsedClass(this.$element, this.$trigger)
}
if (this.options.toggle) this.toggle()
}
Collapse.VERSION = '3.3.7'
Collapse.TRANSITION_DURATION = 350
Collapse.DEFAULTS = {
toggle: true
}
Collapse.prototype.dimension = function () {
var hasWidth = this.$element.hasClass('width')
return hasWidth ? 'width' : 'height'
}
Collapse.prototype.show = function () {
if (this.transitioning || this.$element.hasClass('in')) return
var activesData
var actives = this.$parent && this.$parent.children('.panel').children('.in, .collapsing')
if (actives && actives.length) {
activesData = actives.data('bs.collapse')
if (activesData && activesData.transitioning) return
}
var startEvent = $.Event('show.bs.collapse')
this.$element.trigger(startEvent)
if (startEvent.isDefaultPrevented()) return
if (actives && actives.length) {
Plugin.call(actives, 'hide')
activesData || actives.data('bs.collapse', null)
}
var dimension = this.dimension()
this.$element
.removeClass('collapse')
.addClass('collapsing')[dimension](0)
.attr('aria-expanded', true)
this.$trigger
.removeClass('collapsed')
.attr('aria-expanded', true)
this.transitioning = 1
var complete = function () {
this.$element
.removeClass('collapsing')
.addClass('collapse in')[dimension]('')
this.transitioning = 0
this.$element
.trigger('shown.bs.collapse')
}
if (!$.support.transition) return complete.call(this)
var scrollSize = $.camelCase(['scroll', dimension].join('-'))
this.$element
.one('bsTransitionEnd', $.proxy(complete, this))
.emulateTransitionEnd(Collapse.TRANSITION_DURATION)[dimension](this.$element[0][scrollSize])
}
Collapse.prototype.hide = function () {
if (this.transitioning || !this.$element.hasClass('in')) return
var startEvent = $.Event('hide.bs.collapse')
this.$element.trigger(startEvent)
if (startEvent.isDefaultPrevented()) return
var dimension = this.dimension()
this.$element[dimension](this.$element[dimension]())[0].offsetHeight
this.$element
.addClass('collapsing')
.removeClass('collapse in')
.attr('aria-expanded', false)
this.$trigger
.addClass('collapsed')
.attr('aria-expanded', false)
this.transitioning = 1
var complete = function () {
this.transitioning = 0
this.$element
.removeClass('collapsing')
.addClass('collapse')
.trigger('hidden.bs.collapse')
}
if (!$.support.transition) return complete.call(this)
this.$element
[dimension](0)
.one('bsTransitionEnd', $.proxy(complete, this))
.emulateTransitionEnd(Collapse.TRANSITION_DURATION)
}
Collapse.prototype.toggle = function () {
this[this.$element.hasClass('in') ? 'hide' : 'show']()
}
Collapse.prototype.getParent = function () {
return $(this.options.parent)
.find('[data-toggle="collapse"][data-parent="' + this.options.parent + '"]')
.each($.proxy(function (i, element) {
var $element = $(element)
this.addAriaAndCollapsedClass(getTargetFromTrigger($element), $element)
}, this))
.end()
}
Collapse.prototype.addAriaAndCollapsedClass = function ($element, $trigger) {
var isOpen = $element.hasClass('in')
$element.attr('aria-expanded', isOpen)
$trigger
.toggleClass('collapsed', !isOpen)
.attr('aria-expanded', isOpen)
}
function getTargetFromTrigger($trigger) {
var href
var target = $trigger.attr('data-target')
|| (href = $trigger.attr('href')) && href.replace(/.*(?=#[^\s]+$)/, '') // strip for ie7
return $(target)
}
// COLLAPSE PLUGIN DEFINITION
// ==========================
function Plugin(option) {
return this.each(function () {
var $this = $(this)
var data = $this.data('bs.collapse')
var options = $.extend({}, Collapse.DEFAULTS, $this.data(), typeof option == 'object' && option)
if (!data && options.toggle && /show|hide/.test(option)) options.toggle = false
if (!data) $this.data('bs.collapse', (data = new Collapse(this, options)))
if (typeof option == 'string') data[option]()
})
}
var old = $.fn.collapse
$.fn.collapse = Plugin
$.fn.collapse.Constructor = Collapse
// COLLAPSE NO CONFLICT
// ====================
$.fn.collapse.noConflict = function () {
$.fn.collapse = old
return this
}
// COLLAPSE DATA-API
// =================
$(document).on('click.bs.collapse.data-api', '[data-toggle="collapse"]', function (e) {
var $this = $(this)
if (!$this.attr('data-target')) e.preventDefault()
var $target = getTargetFromTrigger($this)
var data = $target.data('bs.collapse')
var option = data ? 'toggle' : $this.data()
Plugin.call($target, option)
})
}(jQuery);
``` |
Jonny Quest is a media franchise that revolves around a boy named Jonny Quest who accompanies his father on extraordinary adventures.
Jonny Quest may also refer to:
Jonny Quest: Cover-Up at Roswell, a computer game
Jonny Quest (TV series), a 1964–1965 American television series
The New Adventures of Jonny Quest
The Real Adventures of Jonny Quest
Jonny Quest |
The Life of Hope is a novel by Paul Quarrington, published in 1985 by Doubleday Canada. It is part of an unofficial trilogy with Quarrington's later novels King Leary and Logan in Overtime; although none of the novels centre on the same protagonists, they all feature some background interrelationships of character and setting.
The novel's central character, essentially an authorial self-insertion, is a novelist named Paul who is suffering from writer's block after the publication of his baseball-themed novel Home Game. Attending a writer's retreat in the small Southern Ontario town of Hope, he learns about the town's history as a free love and nudist commune established by an expatriate American cult leader named Joseph Benton Hope, which reignites his creativity as he begins to write a fictionalized account of the town's establishment.
The novel was a shortlisted finalist for the Stephen Leacock Award in 1986.
References
1985 Canadian novels
Novels by Paul Quarrington
Novels set in Ontario
Doubleday Canada books |
```go
package registry
import (
"encoding/base64"
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"io"
"net/http"
"os"
"path/filepath"
"strings"
"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/registry"
"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
)
type DockerConfig struct {
Auths map[string]registry.AuthConfig `json:"auths"`
}
// readDockerConfig reads the docker config file.
func readDockerConfig() (DockerConfig, error) {
dockerConfigPath := filepath.Join(os.Getenv("HOME"), ".docker", "config.json")
file, err := os.Open(dockerConfigPath)
if err != nil {
logrus.WithError(err).Error("failed to open docker config file")
return DockerConfig{}, err
}
defer file.Close()
data, err := io.ReadAll(file)
if err != nil {
logrus.WithError(err).Error("failed to read docker config file")
return DockerConfig{}, err
}
var dockerConfig DockerConfig
if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &dockerConfig); err != nil {
logrus.WithError(err).Error("failed to unmarshal docker config")
return DockerConfig{}, err
}
return dockerConfig, nil
}
// getAuthFromDockerConfig retrieves the auth from the docker config.
func getAuthFromDockerConfig(registryURL string) (registry.AuthConfig, error) {
dockerConfig, err := readDockerConfig()
if err != nil {
return registry.AuthConfig{}, err
}
for reg, auth := range dockerConfig.Auths {
if strings.Contains(reg, registryURL) {
decoded, err := base64.URLEncoding.DecodeString(auth.Auth)
if err != nil {
return registry.AuthConfig{}, fmt.Errorf("failed to decode auth: %w", err)
}
parts := strings.Split(string(decoded), ":")
return registry.AuthConfig{
Username: parts[0],
Password: parts[1],
ServerAddress: registryURL,
}, nil
}
}
return registry.AuthConfig{}, fmt.Errorf("no auth found for %s", registryURL)
}
// getBearerToken retrieves a bearer token to use for the image.
func getBearerToken(registry Registry, scope string) (string, error) {
return getBearerTokenWithAuth("", registry, scope)
}
// getBearerTokenWithDefaultAuth retrieves a bearer token to use for the image with default authentication.
// Default authentication is the authentication from the docker config.
func getBearerTokenWithDefaultAuth(registry Registry, scope string) (string, error) {
auth, err := getAuthFromDockerConfig(registry.URL())
if err != nil {
return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to get auth from docker config: %w", err)
}
return getBearerTokenWithAuth(fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", auth.Username, auth.Password), registry, scope)
}
// getBearerTokenWithAuth retrieves a bearer token to use for the image with given authentication.
func getBearerTokenWithAuth(auth string, registry Registry, scope string) (string, error) {
tokenURL := registry.TokenURL(scope)
logrus.WithField("tokenURL", tokenURL).Debug("Getting bearer token")
req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, tokenURL, nil)
if err != nil {
return "", err
}
if auth != "" {
parts := strings.Split(auth, ":")
req.SetBasicAuth(parts[0], parts[1])
}
res, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
if err != nil {
return "", err
}
defer res.Body.Close()
if res.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to get bearer token: %s", res.Status)
}
resp := map[string]interface{}{}
if err := json.NewDecoder(res.Body).Decode(&resp); err != nil {
return "", err
}
return resp["token"].(string), nil
}
// registryAuthStr returns the base64 encoded registry auth string.
func registryAuthStr(registry Registry) (string, error) {
registryAuthConfig, err := getAuthFromDockerConfig(registry.URL())
if err != nil {
logrus.WithError(err).Error("failed to get auth config")
return "", err
}
registryAuth, err := json.Marshal(registryAuthConfig)
if err != nil {
logrus.WithError(err).Error("failed to marshal auth config")
return "", err
}
return base64.URLEncoding.EncodeToString(registryAuth), nil
}
``` |
Kochaj albo rzuć (Love or leave) is a 1977 Polish comedy film directed by Sylwester Chęciński. It is the third and final part of a trilogy about two quarreling peasants Kargul and Pawlak, which started with Sami swoi ( All Friends Here or Our Folks; literally "only our own") (1967) and was followed by Nie ma mocnych (a Polish idiom meaning "no one can do") (1974).
Plot
Kazimierz Pawlak and Władysław Kargul, two elderly peasants from Polish conservative countryside, and their granddaughter Ania receive an invitation to visit the United States of America from Kazimierz' brother John. They begin their travels on the ship TSS Stefan Batory, and end it on a United Airline Flight to the O'Hare airport in Chicago. After arriving in Chicago, it is revealed that John died a few days earlier, leaving behind not only his fortune but also an illegitimate daughter. The newly found family member makes Kargul and Pawlak change their prejudices and view of America.
Cast
Władysław Hańcza - Wladyslaw Kargul
Wacław Kowalski - Kazimierz Pawlak
Duchyll Martin Smith - Shirley Gladys Wright
Bob Lewandowski - September
Stanley Roginski - Uplander
Joseph Slowik - Tuner
Anna Dymna - Ania Pawlak
- The Passenger
- Mania Pawlak
Halina Buyno-Łoza - Aniela Kargul
Kazimiera Utrata - Guest
Andrzej Wasilewicz - Zenek Adamiec
Jan Pietrzak - Chicago radio host
References
External links
1977 comedy films
1977 films
Polish comedy films
Films set in Chicago
Films set in Illinois
Films shot in Chicago
Films shot in Illinois
Foreign films set in the United States |
```objective-c
/*
* (C) 1999 Lars Knoll (knoll@kde.org)
* (C) 2000 Dirk Mueller (mueller@kde.org)
*
* This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public
*
* This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
*
* along with this library; see the file COPYING.LIB. If not, write to
* the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor,
* Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
*
*/
#ifndef InlineTextBox_h
#define InlineTextBox_h
#include "core/layout/LayoutText.h" // so textLayoutObject() can be inline
#include "core/layout/line/InlineBox.h"
#include "platform/text/TextRun.h"
#include "wtf/Forward.h"
namespace blink {
class DocumentMarker;
class GraphicsContext;
const unsigned short cNoTruncation = USHRT_MAX;
const unsigned short cFullTruncation = USHRT_MAX - 1;
class InlineTextBox : public InlineBox {
public:
InlineTextBox(LayoutObject& obj, int start, unsigned short length)
: InlineBox(obj)
, m_prevTextBox(nullptr)
, m_nextTextBox(nullptr)
, m_start(start)
, m_len(length)
, m_truncation(cNoTruncation)
{
setIsText(true);
}
LayoutText& layoutObject() const { return toLayoutText(InlineBox::layoutObject()); }
virtual void destroy() override final;
InlineTextBox* prevTextBox() const { return m_prevTextBox; }
InlineTextBox* nextTextBox() const { return m_nextTextBox; }
void setNextTextBox(InlineTextBox* n) { m_nextTextBox = n; }
void setPreviousTextBox(InlineTextBox* p) { m_prevTextBox = p; }
// FIXME: These accessors should ASSERT(!isDirty()). See path_to_url
unsigned start() const { return m_start; }
unsigned end() const { return m_len ? m_start + m_len - 1 : m_start; }
unsigned len() const { return m_len; }
void offsetRun(int delta);
unsigned short truncation() { return m_truncation; }
virtual void markDirty() override final;
using InlineBox::hasHyphen;
using InlineBox::setHasHyphen;
using InlineBox::canHaveLeadingExpansion;
using InlineBox::setCanHaveLeadingExpansion;
static inline bool compareByStart(const InlineTextBox* first, const InlineTextBox* second) { return first->start() < second->start(); }
virtual int baselinePosition(FontBaseline) const override final;
virtual LayoutUnit lineHeight() const override final;
bool getEmphasisMarkPosition(const ComputedStyle&, TextEmphasisPosition&) const;
LayoutRect logicalOverflowRect() const;
void setLogicalOverflowRect(const LayoutRect&);
LayoutUnit logicalTopVisualOverflow() const { return logicalOverflowRect().y(); }
LayoutUnit logicalBottomVisualOverflow() const { return logicalOverflowRect().maxY(); }
// charactersWithHyphen, if provided, must not be destroyed before the TextRun.
TextRun constructTextRun(const ComputedStyle&, const Font&, StringBuilder* charactersWithHyphen = nullptr) const;
TextRun constructTextRun(const ComputedStyle&, const Font&, StringView, int maximumLength, StringBuilder* charactersWithHyphen = nullptr) const;
#ifndef NDEBUG
virtual void showBox(int = 0) const override;
#endif
virtual const char* boxName() const override;
virtual String debugName() const override;
String text() const;
public:
TextRun constructTextRunForInspector(const ComputedStyle&, const Font&) const;
virtual LayoutRect calculateBoundaries() const override { return LayoutRect(x(), y(), width(), height()); }
virtual LayoutRect localSelectionRect(int startPos, int endPos);
bool isSelected(int startPos, int endPos) const;
void selectionStartEnd(int& sPos, int& ePos) const;
// These functions both paint markers and update the DocumentMarker's renderedRect.
virtual void paintDocumentMarker(GraphicsContext*, const LayoutPoint& boxOrigin, DocumentMarker*, const ComputedStyle&, const Font&, bool grammar);
virtual void paintTextMatchMarker(GraphicsContext*, const LayoutPoint& boxOrigin, DocumentMarker*, const ComputedStyle&, const Font&);
virtual void move(const LayoutSize&) override final;
protected:
virtual void paint(const PaintInfo&, const LayoutPoint&, LayoutUnit lineTop, LayoutUnit lineBottom) override;
virtual bool nodeAtPoint(HitTestResult&, const HitTestLocation& locationInContainer, const LayoutPoint& accumulatedOffset, LayoutUnit lineTop, LayoutUnit lineBottom) override;
private:
virtual void deleteLine() override final;
virtual void extractLine() override final;
virtual void attachLine() override final;
public:
virtual LayoutObject::SelectionState selectionState() const override final;
private:
virtual void clearTruncation() override final { m_truncation = cNoTruncation; }
virtual LayoutUnit placeEllipsisBox(bool flowIsLTR, LayoutUnit visibleLeftEdge, LayoutUnit visibleRightEdge, LayoutUnit ellipsisWidth, LayoutUnit &truncatedWidth, bool& foundBox) override final;
public:
virtual bool isLineBreak() const override final;
void setExpansion(int newExpansion)
{
m_logicalWidth -= expansion();
InlineBox::setExpansion(newExpansion);
m_logicalWidth += newExpansion;
}
private:
virtual bool isInlineTextBox() const override final { return true; }
public:
virtual int caretMinOffset() const override final;
virtual int caretMaxOffset() const override final;
LayoutUnit textPos() const; // returns the x position relative to the left start of the text line.
public:
virtual int offsetForPosition(LayoutUnit x, bool includePartialGlyphs = true) const;
virtual LayoutUnit positionForOffset(int offset) const;
bool containsCaretOffset(int offset) const; // false for offset after line break
// Fills a vector with the pixel width of each character.
void characterWidths(Vector<float>&) const;
private:
InlineTextBox* m_prevTextBox; // The previous box that also uses our LayoutObject
InlineTextBox* m_nextTextBox; // The next box that also uses our LayoutObject
int m_start;
unsigned short m_len;
// Where to truncate when text overflow is applied. We use special constants to denote
// no truncation (the whole run paints) and full truncation (nothing paints at all).
unsigned short m_truncation;
private:
TextRun::ExpansionBehavior expansionBehavior() const
{
return (canHaveLeadingExpansion() ? TextRun::AllowLeadingExpansion : TextRun::ForbidLeadingExpansion)
| (expansion() && nextLeafChild() ? TextRun::AllowTrailingExpansion : TextRun::ForbidTrailingExpansion);
}
};
DEFINE_INLINE_BOX_TYPE_CASTS(InlineTextBox);
void alignSelectionRectToDevicePixels(LayoutRect&);
} // namespace blink
#endif // InlineTextBox_h
``` |
The Homeland of Armenians Party () is an Armenian political party. It was originally registered in 2005 but de-registered in 2016. The party was officially re-established in 2018 following the 2018 Armenian revolution and is currently led by Artak Galstyan.
History
The Homeland of Armenians Party was established in 2018 and Artak Galstyan was elected chairman of the party. The party announced its intentions to participate in the 2021 Armenian parliamentary election. Following the election, the party won 1.03% of the popular vote, failing to win any seats in the National Assembly. The party released a statement claiming that there were several violations during the elections and that they were rigged. Currently, the party acts as an extra-parliamentary force.
Ideology
The party supports the strengthening of the Armenian military, protecting the territorial integrity of Armenia and Artsakh, and criminalizing hate speech. The party maintains Pro-Russian views and supports Russian troops guarding the Armenian border.
Electoral record
Parliamentary elections
See also
Programs of political parties in Armenia
References
External links
Homeland of Armenians Party on Facebook
Political parties established in 2018
Political parties in Armenia
Russophilic parties in Armenia |
The Mantra-Rock Dance was a counterculture music event held on , 1967, at the Avalon Ballroom in San Francisco. It was organized by followers of the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON) as an opportunity for its founder, Swami Prabhupada, to address a wider public. It was also a promotional and fundraising effort for their first center on the West Coast of the United States.
The Mantra-Rock Dance featured some of the most prominent Californian rock groups of the time, such as the Grateful Dead and Big Brother and the Holding Company with Janis Joplin, as well as the then relatively unknown Moby Grape. The bands agreed to appear with Prabhupada and to perform for free; the proceeds were donated to the local Hare Krishna temple. The participation of countercultural leaders considerably boosted the event's popularity; among them were the poet Allen Ginsberg, who led the singing of the Hare Krishna mantra onstage along with Prabhupada, and LSD promoters Timothy Leary and Augustus Owsley Stanley III.
The Mantra-Rock Dance concert was later called "the ultimate high" and "the major spiritual event of the San Francisco hippie era." It led to favorable media exposures for Prabhupada and his followers, and brought the Hare Krishna movement to the wider attention of the American public. The 40th anniversary of the Mantra-Rock Dance was commemorated in 2007 in Berkeley, California.
Background
A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada (also referred to as "Bhaktivedanta Swami" or "Prabhupada"), a Gaudiya Vaishnava sannyasi and teacher, arrived in New York City from his native India in 1965 and "caught the powerful rising tide" of a counterculture that was fascinated with his homeland and open to new forms of "consciousness-expanding spirituality." After establishing his first American temple in New York City at 26 Second Avenue, Prabhupada requested his early follower Mukunda Das and his wife Janaki Dasi to open a similar ISKCON center on the West Coast of the United States.
Mukunda and Janaki met up with friends from college, who would later come to be known as Shyamasundar Das, Gurudas, Malati Dasi, and Yamuna Dasi. Teaming up with them, Mukunda rented a storefront in the San Francisco Haight-Ashbury neighborhood, which at that time was turning into the hub of the hippie counterculture, and stayed to take care of the developing new center.
Preparation and promotion
To raise funds, gain supporters for the new temple, and to popularize Prabhupada's teachings among the hippie and countercultural audience of the Haight-Ashbury scene, the team decided to hold a charitable rock concert and invited Prabhupada to attend. Despite his position as a Vaishnava sannyasi and some of his New York followers objecting to what they saw as an inappropriate invitation of their guru to a place full of "amplified guitars, pounding drums, wild light shows, and hundreds of drugged hippies," Prabhupada agreed to travel from New York to San Francisco and take part in the event. Using their acquaintance with Rock Scully, manager of the Grateful Dead, and Sam Andrew, founding member and guitarist of the Big Brother and the Holding Company – who were among the most prominent rock bands in California at the time – Shyamasundar and Gurudas secured their consent to perform for charity at the concert, charging only the "musicians' union minimum" of $250. Malati Dasi happened to hear Moby Grape, a relatively unknown group at the time, and she convinced the other team members to invite the band to play at the concert as well.
Another leading countercultural figure, the beatnik poet Allen Ginsberg, was a supporter of Prabhupada. He had met the swami earlier in New York and assisted him in extending his United States visa. Despite disagreeing with many of Prabhupada's required prohibitions, especially the ones pertaining to drugs and promiscuity, Ginsberg often publicly sang the Hare Krishna mantra, which he had learned in India. He made the mantra part of his philosophy and declared that it "brings a state of ecstasy." He was glad that Prabhupada, an authentic swami from India, was now trying to spread the chanting in America. Along with other countercultural ideologues like Timothy Leary, Gary Snyder, and Alan Watts, Ginsberg hoped to incorporate Prabhupada and the chanting of Hare Krishna into the hippie movement. Ginsberg agreed to take part in the Mantra-Rock Dance concert and to introduce the swami to the Haight-Ashbury hippie community.
As for the choice of venue, the team considered both the Fillmore Auditorium and the Avalon Ballroom, finally settling on the latter as its impresario, Chet Helms, appeared to be "more sympathetic to the spirit of the concert" and agreed to let it be used for a charity event. Artist Harvey Cohen, one of the first ISKCON followers, designed a Stanley Mouse-inspired promotional poster with a picture of Prabhupada, details of the event, and a request to "bring cushions, drums, bells, cymbals." To generate interest among members of the countercultural community of Haight-Ashbury, Mukunda published an article entitled "The New Science" in the San Francisco Oracle, a local underground newspaper specializing in alternative spiritual and psychedelic topics. He wrote:
The Haight-Ashbury district is soon to be honored by the presence of His Holiness, A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami, who will conduct daily classes in the Bhagavad Gita, discussions, chanting, playing instruments, and devotional dancing in a small temple in the neighborhood. ... Swamiji's use of the Hare Krishna Mantra is already known throughout the United States. Swamiji's chanting and dancing is more effective than Hatha or Raja Yoga or listening to Ali Akbar Khan on acid or going to a mixed media rock dance.
Ginsberg helped plan and organize a reception for Prabhupada, who was scheduled to arrive from New York on , 1967. When the swami arrived at the San Francisco Airport, 50 to 100 hippies chanting "Hare Krishna" greeted him in the airport lounge with flowers. A few days later the San Francisco Chronicle published an article entitled "Swami in the Hippie Land" in which Prabhupada answered the question, "Do you accept hippies in your temple?" by saying, "Hippies or anyone – I make no distinctions. Everyone is welcome."
Event
The Mantra-Rock Dance was scheduled on Sunday evening, , 1967 – a day of the week that Chet Helms deemed odd and unlikely to generate substantial attendance. Admission was fixed at $2.50 and limited to door sales. Despite the apprehensions of the organizers, by the beginning of the concert at 8 PM an audience of nearly 3,000 had gathered at the Avalon Ballroom, filling the hall to its capacity. Latecomers had to wait outside for vacancies in order to enter. Participants were treated on prasad (sanctified food) consisting of orange slices and, regardless of the prohibition on drugs, many in the crowd were smoking marijuana and taking other intoxicants. However, the atmosphere in the hall was peaceful. Strobe lights and a psychedelic liquid light show, along with pictures of Krishna and the words of the Hare Krishna mantra, were projected onto the walls. A few Hells Angels were positioned in the back of the stage as the event's security guards. Prabhupada's biographer Satsvarupa Dasa Goswami thus describes the Mantra-Rock Dance audience:
Almost everyone who came wore bright or unusual costumes: tribal robes, Mexican ponchos, Indian kurtas, "God's-eyes," feathers, and beads. Some hippies brought their own flutes, lutes, gourds, drums, rattles, horns, and guitars. The Hell's Angels, dirty-haired, wearing jeans, boots, and denim jackets and accompanied by their women, made their entrance, carrying chains, smoking cigarettes, and displaying their regalia of German helmets, emblazoned emblems, and so on – everything but their motorcycles, which they had parked outside.
The evening opened with Prabhupada's followers – men in "Merlin gowns" and women in saris – chanting Hare Krishna to an Indian tune, followed by Moby Grape. When the swami himself arrived at 10 PM, the crowd of hippies rose to their feet to greet him respectfully with applause and cheers. Gurudas, one of the event's organizers, describes the effect that Prabhupada's arrival had on the audience, "Then Swami Bhaktivedanta entered. He looked like a Vedic sage, exalted and otherworldly. As he advanced towards the stage, the crowd parted and made way for him, like the surfer riding a wave. He glided onto the stage, sat down and began playing the kartals."
Ginsberg welcomed Prabhupada onto the stage and spoke of his own experiences chanting the Hare Krishna mantra. He translated the meaning of the Sanskrit term mantra as "mind deliverance" and recommended the early-morning kirtans at the local Radha-Krishna temple "for those coming down from LSD who want to stabilize their consciousness upon reentry," calling the temple's activity an "important community service." He introduced Prabhupada and thanked him for leaving his peaceful life in India to bring the mantra to New York's Lower East Side, "where it was probably most needed."
After a short address by Prabhupada, Ginsberg sang "Hare Krishna" to the accompaniment of sitar, tambura, and drums, requesting the audience to "[j]ust sink into the sound vibration, and think of peace." Then Prabhupada stood up and led the audience in dancing and singing, as the Grateful Dead, Big Brother and the Holding Company, and Moby Grape joined the chanting and accompanied the mantra with their musical instruments. The audience eagerly responded, playing their own instruments and dancing in circles. The group chanting continued for almost two hours, and concluded with the swami's prayers in Sanskrit while the audience bowed down on the floor. After Prabhupada left, Janis Joplin took the stage, backed by Big Brother and the Holding Company, and continued the event with the songs "The House of the Rising Sun" and "Ball 'n' Chain" late into the night.
Reaction and effect
The LSD pioneer Timothy Leary, who made an appearance at the Mantra-Rock Dance along with Augustus Owsley Stanley III and even paid the entrance fee, pronounced the event a "beautiful night". Later Ginsberg called the Mantra-Rock Dance "the height of Haight-Ashbury spiritual enthusiasm, the first time that there had been a music scene in San Francisco where everybody could be part of it and participate," while historians referred to it as "the ultimate high" and "the major spiritual event of the San Francisco hippy era."
Moby Grape's performance at the Mantra-Rock Dance catapulted the band onto the professional stage. They subsequently had gigs with The Doors at the Avalon Ballroom and at the "First Love Circus" at the Winterland Arena, and were soon signed to a contract with Columbia Records.
The Mantra-Rock Dance helped raise around $2,000 for the temple and resulted in a massive influx of visitors at the temple's early morning services. Prabhupada's appearance at the Mantra-Rock Dance made such a deep impact on the Haight-Ashbury community that he became a cult hero to most of its groups and members, regardless of their attitudes towards his philosophy or the life restrictions that he taught. The Hare Krishna mantra and dancing became adopted in some ways by all levels of the counterculture, including the Hells Angels, and provided it with a "loose commonality" and reconciliation, as well as with a viable alternative to drugs. As the Hare Krishna movement's popularity with the Haight-Ashbury community continued to increase, Prabhupada and followers chanting and distributing prasad became a customary sight at important events in the locale.
At the same time, as the core group of his followers continued to expand and become more serious about the spiritual discipline, Prabhupada conducted new Vaishnava initiations and named the San Francisco temple "New Jagannatha Puri" after introducing the worship of Jagannath deities of Krishna there. Small replicas of these deities immediately became a "psychedelic hit" worn by many hippies on strings around their necks.
Since the Mantra-Rock Dance brought the Hare Krishna movement to the wider attention of the American public, Prabhupada's increased popularity attracted the interest of the mainstream media. Most notably, he was interviewed on ABC's The Les Crane Show and lectured on the philosophy of Krishna consciousness on a KPFK radio station program hosted by Peter Bergman. Prabhupada's followers also spoke about their activities on the San Francisco radio station KFRC.
On August 18, 2007, a free commemorative event dedicated to the 40th anniversary of the Mantra-Rock Dance was held at the People's Park in Berkeley, California.
Notes
Footnotes
See also
List of jam band music festivals
List of historic rock festivals
References
External links
YouTube video: Allen Ginsberg and a group of hippies receive Prabhupada at the San Francisco airport on 1967. (0:00–1:01)
"Mantra-Rock Dance" revisited: commemoration of the 40th anniversary at the People's Park in Berkeley, California. 2007.
Counterculture festivals
International Society for Krishna Consciousness
Hinduism in popular culture
Hippie movement
1967 in San Francisco
Janis Joplin
1967 in California
Rock festivals in the United States
Jam band festivals
1967 music festivals
Music festivals established in 1967
January 1967 events in the United States
Kirtan performers
Krishna in popular culture |
```xml
import { map } from "rxjs";
import { Jsonify } from "type-fest";
import {
ORGANIZATION_MANAGEMENT_PREFERENCES_DISK,
StateProvider,
UserKeyDefinition,
} from "../../../platform/state";
import {
OrganizationManagementPreference,
OrganizationManagementPreferencesService,
} from "../../abstractions/organization-management-preferences/organization-management-preferences.service";
/**
* This helper function can be used to quickly create `KeyDefinitions` that
* target the `ORGANIZATION_MANAGEMENT_PREFERENCES_DISK` `StateDefinition`
* and that have the default deserializer and `clearOn` options. Any
* contenders for options to add to this service will likely use these same
* options.
*/
function buildKeyDefinition<T>(key: string): UserKeyDefinition<T> {
return new UserKeyDefinition<T>(ORGANIZATION_MANAGEMENT_PREFERENCES_DISK, key, {
deserializer: (obj: Jsonify<T>) => obj as T,
clearOn: ["logout"],
});
}
export const AUTO_CONFIRM_FINGERPRINTS = buildKeyDefinition<boolean>("autoConfirmFingerPrints");
export class DefaultOrganizationManagementPreferencesService
implements OrganizationManagementPreferencesService
{
constructor(private stateProvider: StateProvider) {}
autoConfirmFingerPrints = this.buildOrganizationManagementPreference(
AUTO_CONFIRM_FINGERPRINTS,
false,
);
/**
* Returns an `OrganizationManagementPreference` object for the provided
* `KeyDefinition`. This object can then be used by callers to subscribe to
* a given key, or set its value in state.
*/
private buildOrganizationManagementPreference<T>(
keyDefinition: UserKeyDefinition<T>,
defaultValue: T,
) {
return new OrganizationManagementPreference<T>(
this.getKeyFromState(keyDefinition).state$.pipe(map((x) => x ?? defaultValue)),
this.setKeyInStateFn(keyDefinition),
);
}
/**
* Returns the full `ActiveUserState` value for a given `keyDefinition`
* The returned value can then be called for subscription || set operations
*/
private getKeyFromState<T>(keyDefinition: UserKeyDefinition<T>) {
return this.stateProvider.getActive(keyDefinition);
}
/**
* Returns a function that can be called to set the given `keyDefinition` in state
*/
private setKeyInStateFn<T>(keyDefinition: UserKeyDefinition<T>) {
return async (value: T) => {
await this.getKeyFromState(keyDefinition).update(() => value);
};
}
}
``` |
James Tate (11 June 1771 – 1843) was the headmaster of Richmond School and canon of St Paul's Cathedral, London.
Early life
He was born in Richmond, North Yorkshire on 11 June 1771, the only surviving son of Thomas Tate, a working maltster originally from Berwick upon Tweed, and his wife, Dinah Cumstone, who came from a family of small farmers in Swaledale.
Having attended two private schools, in May 1779, Tate entered Richmond School. Whilst there, the headmaster Reverend Anthony Temple recognised his talent, and in 1784 found him a job as amanuensis to the rector of Richmond Francis Blackburne. Enjoying access to Blackburne's library acted as a stimulus for Tate, who with Temple's help obtained a sizarship at Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge.
Tate was appointed headmaster of Richmond School on 27 September 1796, the fulfillment of a childhood ambition. Tate was responsible for transforming Richmond School into one of the leading classical schools of its day, and the leading Whig school, attracting boys from throughout the country, at a rate of 100 guineas a year.
Tate's invincibles
Between 1812 and 1833 six pupils a year on average proceeded to university. 21 of them became fellows, 13 of them at Trinity College, Cambridge. They became so "successful, admired and feared" whilst at Cambridge that they earned the title of 'Tate's invincibles'.
Their number included George Peacock, Richard Sheepshanks, Marcus Beresford and James Raine.
Another pupil was Herbert Knowles. Tate rejected corporal punishment for his pupils, and refused to rule by fear, but instead inspired in them a love of learning.
Classical scholar
Tate was a widely respected classical scholar. Robert Surtees, the Durham antiquary, recalled a night spent with him quoting from The Iliad, and Sydney Smith, who by chance travelled in the same coach as Tate, declared to a friend that Tate was "a man dripping with Greek". The Times printed a glowing obituary, noting that "as a teacher of classical learning, none of his contemporaries were more successful".
References
External links
People from Richmond, North Yorkshire
Heads of schools in England
English educational theorists
1771 births
1843 deaths
Alumni of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge
Amanuenses |
Shelly Grabe (born 1974) is a professor in Social Psychology at the University of California Santa Cruz, where she has affiliations with Feminist Studies and Latin American and Latino Studies. Her research involves women's human rights and globalization and the international attention given to women's empowerment.
Education and career
Grabe has a BA from Michigan State University. She then moved to the University of Missouri, Columbia where she earned an MA and a PhD in Psychology in 2004. She also finished a clinical residency at the University of Washington, School of Medicine in 2004. She received an NIH post-doc award to study at the University of Wisconsin from 2004 to 2006 and subsequently was a visiting scholar from 2006 to 2008 when she began her research in Nicaragua. In 2008, Grabe joined the faculty at the University of California at Santa Cruz.
Research
Grabe is known for her work on women's rights and women's empowerment. While at the University of Wisconsin, she worked on women's body objectification and demonstrated that the objectification of women's bodies is deeply embedded in socio-cultural world views and intersects with race/ethnicity, research which has been covered by the media. Her subsequent research relied on relationships with the women's social movement in Nicaragua (Movimiento Autónomo de Mujeres) where she examined social inequities or male dominance in a cross-cultural and interdisciplinary context
In 2014 she was invited to deliver a talk at the United Nations Commission on the Status of Women on gendered structural inequities and social justice. In 2015 she was invited to deliver a keynote address at the American Psychological Association convention in Toronto titled, “Gender (in)justice in a transnational, globalized context: What’s psychology have to do with it?”
Her 2017 book, " Narrating a Psychology of Resistance: Voices of the Compañeras in Nicaragua", offers a critical perspective on how the intersections of patriarchy and neoliberalism threaten women's human rights and democratic participation in society.
Her edited collection, Women's Human Rights: A Social Psychological Perspective on Resistance, Liberation, and Justice, was published in 2018.
Selected publications
Awards and honors
In 2015, Grabe received the Georgia Babladelis Best paper award from the American Psychological Association for her paper on land ownership by women. She also received the 2015 Denmark-Reuder Award from the American Psychological Association.
References
External links
Shelly Grabe's website at U.C. Santa Cruz
1974 births
Living people
American social psychologists
American women psychologists
American feminists
University of California, Santa Cruz faculty
Michigan State University alumni
University of Missouri alumni
21st-century American women
Place of birth missing (living people) |
The Chesterfield Islands (îles Chesterfield in French) are a French archipelago of New Caledonia located in the Coral Sea, northwest of Grande Terre, the main island of New Caledonia. The archipelago is 120 km long and 70 km broad, made up of 11 uninhabited islets and many reefs. The land area of the islands is less than 10 km2.
During periods of lowered sea level during the Pleistocene ice ages, an island of considerable size (Greater Chesterfield Island) occupied the location of the archipelago.
Bellona Reef, 164 km south-southeast of Chesterfield, is geologically separated from the Chesterfield archipelago but commonly included.
Etymology
The reef complex is named after the whaling ship , commanded by Matthew Bowes Alt, which sailed through the Coral Sea in the 1790s.
Location
The Chesterfield Islands, sometimes referred to as the Chesterfield Reefs or Chesterfield Group, are the most important of a number of uninhabited coral sand cays. Some are awash and liable to shift with the wind while others are stabilized by the growth of grass, creepers and low trees. The reefs extend from 19˚ to 22˚S between 158–160˚E in the southern Coral Sea halfway between Australia and New Caledonia. The Chesterfield Reefs are now part of the territory of New Caledonia while the islands farther west are part of the Australian Coral Sea Islands Territory.
Chesterfield lagoon, located between 19˚00' and 20˚30' S and 158˚10' and 159˚E covers an area of approximately 3500 km2. A barrier reef surrounds the lagoon, interrupted by wide passes except on its eastern side where it is open for over . The major part of the lagoon is exposed to trade winds and to the southeastern oceanic swell. The lagoon is relatively deep with a mean depth of 51 m. The depth increases from south to north.
Chesterfield Reefs complex consists of the Bellona Reef complex to the south (South, Middle and Northwest Bellona Reef) and the Bampton Reef complex.
Bellona Reefs
Captain Matthew Boyd of Bellona named the reefs for his ship. He had delivered convicts to New South Wales in 1793 and was on his way to China to pick up a cargo at Canton to take back to Britain for the British East India Company when he passed the reefs in February–March 1793.
West Point ,
Olry Reef , on the south an unvegetated sand cay Caye Est Bellona
Middle Bellona Reefs ,
Observatory Cay ,
Booby Reef ,
Northwest Bellona Reef ,
Noel Bank ,
South Bellona Reef or West Point , Approximately 3 m tall sand islet, reported to be non-existent by 1988 (Sailing Directions)
Lieutenant John Lamb, R.N., Commander of the ship Baring, spent three days in the neighborhood of Booby and Bellona Shoals and reefs. Lamb took soundings between nineteen and forty-five fathoms (114–270 ft), and frequently passed shoals, upon which the sea was breaking. Lamb defined the limits of the rocky ground as the parallels of 20°40' and 21°50' and the meridians of 158°15' and 159°30'. He also saw a sandy islet, surrounded by a chain of rocks, at 21°24½′ south and 158°30' east. The ship Minerva measured the water's depth as eight fathoms (48 ft), with the appearance of shallower water to the southwest; this last danger is in a line between the two shoals at about longitude 159°20' east, as described by James Horsburgh.
Observatory Cay (Caye de l'Observatoire) , 800 m long and 2 m high, lies on the Middle Bellona Reefs at the southern end of the Chesterfield Reefs and 180 nm east of Kenn Reef.
Minerva Shoal
Minerva Shoal,
Chesterfield Reefs
South Elbow or Loop Islet,
Anchorage Islets ,
Passage Islet (Bennett Islet),
Long Island ,
The Chesterfield Reefs is a loose collection of elongated reefs that enclose a deep, semi-sheltered, lagoon. The reefs on the west and northwest are known as the Chesterfield Reefs; those on the east and north being the Bampton Reefs. The Chesterfield Reefs form a structure measuring 120 km in length (northeast to southwest) and 70 km across (east to west).
There are numerous cays occurring amongst the reefs of both the Chesterfield and Bampton Reefs. These include: Loop Islet, Renard Cay, Skeleton Cay, Bennett Island, Passage Islet, Veys Islet, Long Island, the Avon Isles, the Anchorage Islets and Bampton Island.
Long Island , 10 nm NW of Loop Islet, is the largest of the Chesterfield Islands, and is 1400 to 1800 m long but no more than 100 m across and 9 m high. In May 1859 Henry Mangles Denham found Long Island was "a heap of 'foraminifera' densely covered with stunted bush‑trees with leaves as large as cabbage plants, spreading 12 feet (3.7 m) and reaching as high, upon trunks 9 inches (23 cm) diameter... The trees around the margin of this island were leafless, as if from the sea‑fowl." Although wooded in the 1850s, it was stripped during guano extraction in the 1870s and was said to be covered in grass with only two coconut trees and some ruins at the south end early in the 20th century. The vegetation was growing again by 1957 when the remaining ruins were confused with those of a temporary automatic meteorological station established in the same area by the Americans between 1944 and 1948. Terry Walker reported that by 1990 there was a ring of low Tournefortia trees growing around the margin, herbs, grass and shrubs in the interior, and still a few exotic species including coconuts.
South of Long Island and Loop Islet there are three small low islets (Martin, Veys and Passage islets) up to 400 m across followed, after a narrow channel, by Passage or Bennett Island, which is 12 m high and was a whaling station in the first half of the 20th century. Several sand cays lie on the reef southeast of the islet.
Avon Isles
Avon Isles (Northwest Point) ,
Avon Isles (south)
The two Avon Isles , some 188 m in diameter and 5 m high to the top of the dense vegetation, are situated 21 n.m. north of Long Island. They were seen by Mr. Sumner, Master of the ship Avon, on 18 September 1823, and are described by him as being three-quarters of a mile in circumference, twenty feet high, and the sea between them twenty fathoms deep. At four miles (7 km) northeast by north from them the water was twelve fathoms (72 feet) deep, and at the same time they saw a reef ten or fifteen miles (20–30 km) to the southeast, with deep water between it and the islets. A boat landed on the south-westernmost islet, and found it inhabited only by birds, but clothed with shrubs and wild grapes. By observation, these islands were found to lie in latitude 19 degrees 40 minutes, and longitude 158 degrees 6 minutes. The Avon Isles are described by Denham in 1859 as "densely covered with stunted trees and creeping plants and grass, and... crowded with the like species of birds."
Bampton Reefs
Bampton Reefs
Bampton Island ,
North Bampton Reef ,
Northeast Bampton Reef ,
Renard Island ,
Skeleton Cay
Renard Island North Bampton Reef , Approximately tall sand islet lies northeast of the Avon Isles and is long, across and also high to the top of the bushes.
Southeast Bampton Reef Sand Cay elevation
Loop Islet , which lies 85 nm farther north near the south end of the central islands of Chesterfield Reefs, is a small, flat, bushy islet 3 m high where a permanent automatic weather station was established by the Service Météorologique de Nouméa in October 1968. Terry Walker reported the presence of a grove of Casuarinas in 1990.
Anchorage Islets are a group of islets five nautical miles (9 km) north of Loop Islet. The third from the north, about 400 m long and 12 m high, shelters the best anchorage.
Passage (Bonnet) Island reaches a vegetative height of 12 m
Bampton Island , lies on Bampton Reefs 20 nm NW of Renard Island. It is 180 m long, 110 m across and 5 m high. It had trees when discovered in 1793, but has seldom been visited since then except by castaways.
The reefs and islands west of the Chesterfield Islands, the closest being Mellish Reef with Herald's Beacon Islet at , at a distance of 180 nm northwest of Bampton Island, belong to the Coral Sea Islands Territory.
Important Bird Area
The Bampton and Chesterfield Reef Islands, with their surrounding waters, have been recognised as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because they support breeding colonies of several species of seabirds, including lesser frigatebirds, red-footed and brown boobies, brown and black noddies, and fairy terns.
History
18th Century
Booby Reef in the center of the eastern chain of reefs and islets comprising Chesterfield Reefs appears to have been discovered first by Lt. Henry Lidgbird Ball in HMS Supply on the way from Sydney to Batavia (modern day Jakarta) in 1790. The reefs to the south were found next by Mathew Boyd in the convict ship Bellona on his way from Sydney to Canton (modern day Guangzhou) in February or March 1793. The following June, William Wright Bampton became embayed for five days at the north end of Chesterfield Reefs in the Indiaman Shah Hormuzeer, together with Mathew Bowes Alt in the whaler Chesterfield. Bampton reported two islets with trees and "a number of birds of different species around the ships, several of them the same kind as at Norfolk Island”.
19th Century
The reefs continued to present a hazard to shipping plying between Australia and Canton or India (where cargo was collected on the way home to Europe). The southern reefs were surveyed by Captain Henry Mangles Denham in the Herald from 1858 to 1860. He made the natural history notes discussed below. The northern reefs were charted by Lieutenant G.E.Richards in HMS Renard in 1878 and the French the following year. Denham's conclusions are engraved on British Admiralty Chart 349:
The area is a wintering ground for numerous Humpback whales and smaller numbers of Sperm whales. During the 19th century the Chesterfield Islands were visited by increasing numbers of whalers during the off season in New Zealand. L. Thiercelin reported that in July 1863 the islets only had two or three plants, including a bush 3–4 m high, and were frequented by turtles weighing 60 to 100 kg. Many eggs were being taken regularly by several English, two French and one American whaler. On another occasion there were no less than eight American whalers. A collection of birds said to have been made by Surgeon Jourde of the French whaler Général d’Hautpoul on the Brampton Shoals in July 1861 was subsequently brought by Gerard Krefft (1862) to the Australian Museum, but clearly not all the specimens came from there.
On 27 October 1862, the British Government granted an exclusive concession to exploit the guano on Lady Elliot Island, Wreck Reef, Swain Reefs, Raine Island, Bramble Cay, Brampton Shoal, and Pilgrim Island to the Anglo Australian Guano Company organized by the whaler Dr. William Crowther in Hobart, Tasmania. They were apparently most active on Bird Islet (Wreck Reef) and Lady Elliot and Raine Islands (Hutchinson, 1950), losing five ships at Bird Islet between 1861 and 1882 (Crowther 1939). It is not clear that they ever took much guano from the Chesterfield Islands unless it was obtained from Higginson, Desmazures et Cie, discussed below.
When in 1877 Joshua William North also found guano on the Chesterfield Reefs, Alcide Jean Desmazures persuaded Governor Orly of New Caledonia to send the warship La Seudre to annex them. There were estimated to be about 185,000 cu m of guano on Long Island and a few hundred tons elsewhere, and 40% to 62% phosphate (Chevron, 1880), which was extracted between 1879 and 1888 by Higginson, Desmazures et Cie of Nouméa (Godard, nd), leaving Long Island stripped bare for a time (Anon., 1916).
20th and 21st Century
Apparently the islands were then abandoned until Commander Arzur in the French warship Dumont d’Urville surveyed the Chesterfield Reefs and erected a plaque in 1939. In September 1944, American forces installed a temporary automatic meteorological station at the south end of Long Island, which was abandoned again at the end of World War II.
The first biological survey was made of Long Island by Cohic during four hours ashore on 26 September 1957. It revealed, among other things, a variety of avian parasites including a widespread Ornithodoros tick belonging to a genus carrying arboviruses capable of causing illness in humans. This island and the Anchorage Islets were also visited briefly during a survey of New Caledonian coral reefs in 1960 and 1962.
An aerial magnetic survey was made of the Chesterfield area in 1966, and a seismic survey in 1972, which apparently have not been followed up yet. In November 1968 another automatic meteorological station was installed on Loop Islet where 10 plants were collected by A.E. Ferré. Since then the Centre de Nouméa of the Office de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique Outre Mer has arranged for periodic surveys and others when this installation is serviced.
From 1982 to 1992 Terry Walker carried out methodical surveys of the Coral Sea islets with the intention of producing a seabird atlas. He visited the central islands of the Chesterfield Reefs in December 1990.
An amateur radio DX-pedition (TX3X) was conducted on one of the islands in October 2015.
Known Shipwrecks on the Reef
Unless otherwise noted, information in this section is from Coral Sea and Northern Great Barrier Reef Shipwrecks.
References
Further reading
Bateson, Charles. Australian shipwrecks Vol. 1 1622–1850, (print), Sydney: Reed.
Borsa, Philippe, Mireille Pandolfi, Serge Andréfouët, and Vincent Bretagnolle. "Breeding Avifauna of the Chesterfield Islands, Coral Sea: Current Population Sizes, Trends, and Threats." Pacific Science vol. 64, Issue 2. pp. 297–314.
Cohic, F. (1959) "Report on a Visit to the Chesterfield Islands, September 1957." Atoll Research Bulletin No. 63 (15 May 1959). http://www.sil.si.edu/digitalcollections/atollresearchbulletin/issues/00063.pdf. Accessed 4-19-2013.
Findlay, A. (1851) A Directory for the Navigation of the Pacific Ocean, (print), London.
Harding, John. THE CORAL SEA...French Territory. (web). https://web.archive.org/web/20081203124528/http://www.thejohnharding.com/archives/00001639.htm. Accessed 4-19-2013. Photograph from Loop Island.
Loney, J. K. (1987) Australian shipwrecks Vol. 4 1901–1986, (print), Portarlington, Victoria: Marine History Publications.
Loney, J. K. (1991) Australian shipwrecks Vol. 5 Update 1986, (print), Portarlington, Victoria: Marine History Publications.
Islands of New Caledonia
Landforms of the Coral Sea
Important Bird Areas of New Caledonia
Seabird colonies |
Maria Simonds-Gooding RHA (born India 1939) is an Indian-born Irish painter and printmaker based in the Dingle peninsula.
Simonds-Gooding is a member of Aosdána.
Her brother was Dublin based business executive Anthony Simonds-Gooding.
Background
At the age of seven, Simonds-Gooding moved with her family from India to Ireland. She attended National College of Art and Design in Dublin and Bath Academy of Art in Corsham.
References
External links
People from the Dingle Peninsula
Alumni of the National College of Art and Design
Indian people of English descent
Indian people of Irish descent
20th-century Anglo-Irish people
21st-century Anglo-Irish people
Indian emigrants to Ireland |
"The Initiative" is the seventh episode of season 4 of the television show Buffy the Vampire Slayer. Written by Doug Petrie and directed by James A. Contner, it originally aired on November 16, 1999 on the WB network. In "The Initiative", Spike is imprisoned in an underground demon-research facility, and Riley Finn realizes he has a crush on Buffy.
Plot
Riley, and his friends Forrest and Graham, watch Buffy making a mess of the soda and yogurt machines. They comment on what a catch she is, and how interested they all are in her, although Riley is reluctant to make fun. Giles and Xander discover the commandoes are human and that their help will not be needed again. Buffy decides to go to a party with Willow to hopefully cheer her up, and Giles and Xander go on patrol for her.
Spike, having been knocked out by a Taser in the previous episode, awakes in a facility where various types of demons are held captive behind electrically charged barriers. A packet of blood drops from the ceiling into Spike's cell, but before he drinks it, a vampire in the next cell - Tom, captured in "The Freshman" - warns him that doctors starve the vampires and then feed them drugged blood before doing experiments on them.
In class, Willow asks about Oz, and Riley and Professor Walsh tell her that he dropped out of class and will not likely come back, saddening her. Buffy tells the professor off for her harsh behavior, prompting Walsh to comment to Riley that she likes her. Forrest asks Parker about Buffy, and when Parker vulgarly brags about having sex with her, Riley punches him, realizing that he likes Buffy. He visits Willow and asks her advice in wooing Buffy; Willow, still emotionally distressed, questions his motives, but eventually relents, listing some of Buffy's likes and interests.
Spike lies on the floor of his cell, pretending to have drunk the drugged blood, and when the doctors come to get him he attacks. He escapes the Initiative and returns to Harmony's lair to visit her, then immediately leaves to kill the Slayer. Xander later discovers Harmony crying, burning some of Spike's things. After a brief inept slap-fight, Harmony tells Xander that Spike is back.
At the party, Willow tries to help Riley flirt with Buffy, but his attempts are thwarted when Xander arrives to inform Buffy that Spike has returned. Riley is also called away; he and Forrest break away from the party and, after passing through several electronic checkpoints, go down a hidden elevator to the underground facility where Spike had been held. The operation's head, Walsh, informs them that Spike has escaped, and Riley gives orders to three teams that he sends out all over Sunnydale to find Spike. Riley's team then spots Buffy sitting on a bench, and Riley refuses to allow them to use her as bait. Each unaware of the other's secret identity, Riley and Buffy try to send each other out of harm's way.
Meanwhile, Spike has found Buffy's dorm through the school computer system. Willow, moping in her room, hears a knock on the door and invites the person in without thinking. Spike swaggers through the door and attempts to bite Willow, but is stopped by an intense pain in his head. After a short, calm dialogue with multiple metaphorical references to impotence, Willow hits him with a lamp and runs out just as Riley and friends cut the power and then work their way up to the dorm room. They capture Spike but, while they are considering whether to take Willow or not, Spike breaks free. Buffy arrives and fights Riley and his friends while Spike manages to escape through a window. Unable to make out the identity of their attacker, Riley orders them to retreat.
Walsh is not happy, either with what happened or with Riley's report on the event. It is revealed that Spike cannot harm a human without feeling pain in his head because of an implant they had placed there. Riley catches up with Buffy and they talk. Buffy tells him he is a little peculiar, a term used by Riley before he realized he liked Buffy, and he responds that he can "live with that".
References
External links
Screenrant.com review
Douxreviews page
1999 American television episodes
Buffy the Vampire Slayer (season 4) episodes
Fictional government investigations of the paranormal |
Osagie Emmanuel Ehanire (born 4 November 1945) is a Nigerian medical doctor and politician who served as the minister of Health from 2019 to 2023. He previously served as the minister of state for Health from November 2015 to May 2019.
Early life
Ehanire was born on 4 November 1946 in Warri Town, Warri South Local Government Area of Delta State
Education
After his primary education, Ehanire attended Government College Ibadan in Oyo State for his West African School Certificate where he excelled at his Higher School Certificate examination. Ehanire went on to study Medicine at Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich in Germany, qualifying as a Surgeon. He went on to the Teaching Hospital of the University of Duisburg and Essen and to the BG Accident Hospital in Duisburg, Germany for his post graduate education. In 1976, he attended the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland where he obtained a postgraduate Diploma in Anaesthetics. He got his Board Certification in both General Surgery and Orthopaedic Trauma Surgery at the Medical Board of North Rhine Westphalia in Dusseldorf, Germany. In 1984, he became a Fellow of West African College of Surgeons.
Career
Ehanire worked in Germany as a Resident Anesthesiologist, Resident Vascular Surgeon and Resident General Surgeon in Thoracic Surgery at various hospitals. He also served as Clinical Instructor, Fracture Internal Fixation Course at BG Accident Hospital in Duisburg, Germany. On his return to Nigeria in 1982, he worked at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital as Senior Registrar in the Department of Surgery (Orthopaedic Surgery), a position he held until 1984. Between 1985 and 1990, he joined the Shell Petroleum Development Company Hospital as a Divisional Consultant Surgeon. He also served at various times on the Medical Review Board of Edo State Hospital Management Board and remains as a Trustee of TY Danjuma Foundation.
Politics
Ehanire was appointed as a delegate of Congress for Progressive Change (CPC) to the political merger conference that gave birth to the All Progressive Congress (APC), the name which he coined. As the Edo State Coordinator for the Buhari Support Organisation (BSO), he was a key player in ensuring the victory of President Muhammadu Buhari at the 2015 presidential election. In October 2015, he made the list of ministerial nominees to serve the Buhari led administration. After being screened and cleared by the National Assembly, he was appointed as the Minister of State for Health in November 2015.
Following the beginning of a new administration in May 2019 and the submission of the ministerial nominees to the Senate by the Presidency in July 2019 and subsequent screening, Ehanire was appointed the Minister of Health in August 2019.
Other activities
Partnership for Maternal, Newborn & Child Health (PMNCH), Member of the Board
Personal life
He is married with children.
Award
In October 2022, a Nigerian national honour of Commander of the Order of the Niger (CON) was conferred on him by President Muhammadu Buhari.
See also
Cabinet of Nigeria
References
1946 births
Nigerian anesthesiologists
Living people
Health ministers of Nigeria
Nigerian surgeons
People from Warri
Nigerian politicians |
Martin Schrot (Augsburg, ? – after 1581) was a German goldsmith and engraver from Augsburg. His name has also been spelled "Schrott" and "Schroth". He is not to be confused with the Protestant poet from Augsburg with the same name.
Schrot was born in Augsburg and stayed in his native city for most of his life. He acted as a goldsmith, copperplate engraver, bookkeeper, and also as a townsman. In his book Wappenbuch, the tinctures were designated with the given names of the colours.
Works
Wappen-Buch des hohen geistlichen und weltlichen Stands der Christenheit in Europa, des apostolischen Stuels zu Rom, der Patriarchen, Cardinälen, Ertz- und gemaine Bistumben... auch der Universiteten und hohen Schulen Namen und Wappen ; dessgleichen auch des Römischen Reichs unnd Kayserthumbs, der Christlichen Königreichen, Chur- unnd Fürstenthumb, Graff- unnd Herrschafften... Durch Martin Schrot,... zusamen getragen. – Getruckt zu München, 1576. – In-4o, sign. A-Y, coats of arms.
Wappenbuch des Heiligen Römischen Reichs, vnd allgemainer Christenheit in Europa, insonderheit des Teutschen Keyserthumbs, an vnd zugehörige Chur vnd Fürstenthumb, auch Ertz vnd gemaine Bischoffe: Deßgleichen andere Abbt vnd Preläten, Graff vnd Herrschafften, sambt den Freyen Reichs Stetten, souil deren von alters her bey dem Reich gewest, vnd sich darzu bekent haben. Daneben auch der Geistliche Stand, als des Apostolischen Stuls zu Rom, Patriarchen, Cardinäl, Ertz vnd gemeine Bistumben, in den Königreichen Franckreich, Hispanien, Engelland, Schottland, Schweden, Dennmarck, Polland, Griechenland, sambt Italien, vnd was mehr für Christliche Königreich vnd Landschafften der Christenheit zugethan, vnd dann auch die Vniuersiteten oder Hohen Schulen inn gantz Europa, sambt derselbigen Lobsprüch vnd aigenschafften. Auß welchem allem der abgang der Christenheit dermassen für augen gestelt, daß from(m)e Christen denselben wol zu bewainen, vnd menigklich vrsach haben kan, solchen jammer vnd endlichen verderben zu behertzigen: damit die abgehackte glieder wider zu der Christenheit mögen gebracht werden: Vnd das Euangeli Christi, auf Göttliches befelchs, durch die gantze Welt, vnd an allen orten widerumb möge auffgehn vnd gepflanzet werden. Insonderheit das heilig vnd gelobte Land, darinnen Jesus Christus selbst gewandelt, seine Wunderwerck vnd sein heiliges Leiden vollbracht, alda er sein aller ehrerbietung wirdige begräbnussen hat: Welches dann die Haiden vnd Türcken jämmerlich zerrissen, vnd mit der Christen höchsten nachtheil vnd schaden, heutiges tags inhendig haben. Adam Berg, München, 1580, 283 fol.
See also
tricking (heraldry)
External links
Biography
Digitale Bibliothek des Schlosses Kynzvart Digitalized book of Schrot
German goldsmiths
16th-century deaths
Year of birth unknown |
Ashton Nicole Casey (born February 19, 1996), known professionally as Ashnikko ( ), is an American singer, rapper, and songwriter. Her 2019 single "Stupid" with (Yung) Baby Tate gained viral popularity on the video-sharing platform TikTok and was certified platinum in the United States and Canada. Ashnikko's debut mixtape, Demidevil, was released in January 2021, and spawned the singles "Daisy" and "Slumber Party" featuring Princess Nokia.
Early life
Ashton Nicole Casey was born on February 19, 1996, in Oak Ridge, North Carolina, and raised in the city of Greensboro. Her parents exposed her to diverse musical genres, such as country music and Slipknot. She recalls becoming interested in music, specifically rap music, when she listened to Arular by M.I.A. at the age of 10 and did not listen to male musicians until she was 16 years old. As a teenager, her family moved to Estonia for her father's studies, spending a year there before relocating again to Riga, Latvia. At one point, she was the only American in Latvia to attend a Latvian public high school. At the age of 18, Casey moved to London by herself.
Career
2016–2019: Career beginnings and Hi It's Me
Ashnikko's first song, "Krokodil", was produced by Raf Riley and published to SoundCloud in July 2016. She released her first EP, Sass Pancakes, under Digital Picnic Records in 2017. The EP was produced by Raf Riley and features appearances from Avelino. Ashnikko's second EP, Unlikeable, was released in November 2018. The EP spawned the singles "Blow", "Nice Girl", "Invitation" featuring Kodie Shane, and "No Brainer".
Ashnikko released her third EP, Hi It's Me, in July 2019. The EP was preceded by the promotional single "Special" and was launched alongside the EP's title track and lead single, "Hi It's Me". The second official single, "Stupid", featuring Yung Baby Tate, gained viral popularity on the video-sharing platform TikTok. The song reached number one on the Billboard Bubbling Under Hot 100 chart, the Billboard Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop chart, and the Spotify Viral 50 chart. "Stupid" was also certified gold in the United States in August 2020, as well as in Canada. Another song from the EP, "Working Bitch", also found popularity on TikTok. Ashnikko embarked on a North American tour supporting American rapper Danny Brown in October 2019. She released the promotional single "Halloweenie II: Pumpkin Spice" in October 2019. She co-wrote eight songs, two of which she is featured on, on Brooke Candy's debut album, Sexorcism, which was released in October 2019.
2020–2021: Breakthrough and Demidevil
Ashnikko co-wrote the song "Boss Bitch" with American rapper Doja Cat, which was included on the Birds of Prey soundtrack, Birds of Prey: The Album. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, Ashnikko was scheduled to accompany Doja Cat on her Hot Pink Tour throughout the United States in March 2020 before it was canceled. In March 2020, she released the standalone single "Tantrum". Later that month, she performed "Tantrum" live as part of The Faders Digital Fader Fort event. "Cry", featuring Canadian musician Grimes, was then released in June 2020, alongside an animated music video. The song's music video was nominated for "Best Pop Video - UK" at the 2020 UK Music Video Awards. Following this, "Daisy" was released in July 2020, and a music video for the song was released in collaboration with Beats by Dre and TikTok a month later. "Daisy" became Ashnikko's breakthrough hit, charting internationally in countries including Australia, Belgium and the United Kingdom. It reached a peak of number 24 on the UK Singles Chart, becoming her first charting and first top 40 hit in the UK. Ashnikko's third Halloween song, "Halloweenie III: Seven Days", was released in October 2020. She was nominated for Best Push Act at the 2020 MTV Europe Music Awards.
"Cry" and "Daisy" both appear on Ashnikko's debut mixtape, Demidevil, which was released on January 15, 2021. "Deal with It" featuring Kelis and "Slumber Party" featuring Princess Nokia served as the third and fourth singles from the mixtape, respectively. In support of the mixtape, Ashnikko announced The Demidevil Tour, which was set to take place in October 2021, with shows in North America, the UK, and Ireland.
More recently, Ashnikko co-wrote the song "Frost" released on May 31, 2021, which figures in Korean boy band Tomorrow X Together – TXT's album The Chaos Chapter: Freeze and its repackage album The Chaos Chapter: Fight or Escape released on August 17, 2021. She sent the hyper-pop, trap-based song over to TXT in English. The song was then translated to Korean. In September 2021, she was featured on Lady Gaga's remix album, Dawn of Chromatica, where she produced a remix of the track, "Plastic Doll".
2022–present: Hiatus, Weedkiller and world tour
After a year hiatus since the release of the two-side singles "Panic Attacks In Paradise" and "Maggots" on September 29, 2021, Ashnikko released her first single, "You Make Me Sick!", on February 8, 2023. On March 1, she announced the release of her debut album, Weedkiller, for August 25, 2023; the Weedkiller World Tour across Asia, Oceania, North America and Europe started on March 24, 2023 in Japan and will end on December 11, 2023 in Ireland; and the second single from the album, "Worms", which was released a day later on March 2. On May 24 the third single titled "Posession of a Weapon" was released. The most recent single from the album is "Cheerleader", which was issued on July 28.
Ashnikko performed at the Coachella Arts and Music Festival on the second day of performances during the festival's two-week run on April 22, 2023 in Coachella, California.
Artistry
Ashnikko's musical style has been described by critics as a fusion of several genres, including pop, indie pop, rock, alt-pop, hip hop, bubblegum pop, indie rock, punk, and electropop. She described her style of music as "angry, punk, hip hop, sad-girl-feminist, bubblegum, poo-poo music", and has clarified that her music is not intended to be comedic or parody-based.
Ashnikko is known for her Tokyo-inspired street fashion. She is also known for her unique, bright blue hair, which is originally brown. In the video for "Nice Girl" and some of her early vlogs, her hair is pastel green. Her hair in the "Daisy" music video is yellow, pink, and red.
Ashnikko has cited her musical influences as M.I.A., Gwen Stefani, Lil' Kim, Björk, Paramore, Avril Lavigne, Nicki Minaj, Missy Elliott, Dolly Parton, Janis Joplin, King Woman and Joan Jett, and has stated that her favorite song is "Bossy" by Kelis. She has also listed Doja Cat, Grimes, Tierra Whack, Rico Nasty, Princess Nokia, Kim Petras, and Charli XCX as her "peers" and artists she "really respects".
Personal life
Ashnikko stated on Twitter in June 2019 that she is bisexual and later clarified in a 2020 interview that she is pansexual. In May 2021, Ashnikko came out as genderfluid on Twitter, saying that "i just didn't feel ready to tell the internet yet but i guess now's a good time since everyone's doing a dissection into my sexuality and gender identity". She uses she/her and they/them pronouns.
In July 2020, while discussing the meaning behind the lyrics of her single "Daisy", she said that while her family practices Christianity, she does not.
In December 2021, Ashnikko began dating fellow singer Arlo Parks.
Advocacy
Ashnikko has described herself as a feminist and has attributed discovering intersectional feminism through microblogging website Tumblr as a teenager as a turning point for her. She has been vocal about a range of social justice issues, having spoken out about the commercialisation of feminism in November 2019, while advocating for victims of police brutality through social media.
Discography
Weedkiller (2023)
Tours
The Demidevil Tour (2021)
Weedkiller Tour (2023)
Awards and nominations
Notes
References
External links
1996 births
Living people
21st-century American rappers
21st-century American singer-songwriters
21st-century American LGBT people
American expatriates in Estonia
American expatriates in Latvia
American expatriates in the United Kingdom
American hip hop singers
American indie pop musicians
American indie rock musicians
American LGBT singers
American punk rock singers
American singer-songwriters
Feminist rappers
LGBT feminists
LGBT people from North Carolina
LGBT rappers
American non-binary musicians
Non-binary singers
Pansexual non-binary people
Pansexual musicians
Parlophone artists
People from Guilford County, North Carolina
Pop rappers
Rappers from North Carolina
Singer-songwriters from North Carolina
Warner Records artists
Genderfluid people |
```java
package org.eclipse.milo.opcua.sdk.client.model.types.variables;
import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
import org.eclipse.milo.opcua.stack.core.UaException;
import org.eclipse.milo.opcua.stack.core.types.builtin.StatusCode;
import org.eclipse.milo.opcua.stack.core.types.structured.SamplingIntervalDiagnosticsDataType;
public interface SamplingIntervalDiagnosticsArrayType extends BaseDataVariableType {
/**
* Get the local value of the SamplingIntervalDiagnostics Node.
* <p>
* The returned value is the last seen; it is not read live from the server.
*
* @return the local value of the SamplingIntervalDiagnostics Node.
* @throws UaException if an error occurs creating or getting the SamplingIntervalDiagnostics Node.
*/
SamplingIntervalDiagnosticsDataType getSamplingIntervalDiagnostics() throws UaException;
/**
* Set the local value of the SamplingIntervalDiagnostics Node.
* <p>
* The value is only updated locally; it is not written to the server.
*
* @param samplingIntervalDiagnostics the local value to set for the SamplingIntervalDiagnostics Node.
* @throws UaException if an error occurs creating or getting the SamplingIntervalDiagnostics Node.
*/
void setSamplingIntervalDiagnostics(
SamplingIntervalDiagnosticsDataType samplingIntervalDiagnostics) throws UaException;
/**
* Read the value of the SamplingIntervalDiagnostics Node from the server and update the local value if the
* operation succeeds.
*
* @return the {@link SamplingIntervalDiagnosticsDataType} value read from the server.
* @throws UaException if a service- or operation-level error occurs.
*/
SamplingIntervalDiagnosticsDataType readSamplingIntervalDiagnostics() throws UaException;
/**
* Write a new value for the SamplingIntervalDiagnostics Node to the server and update the local value if
* the operation succeeds.
*
* @param samplingIntervalDiagnostics the {@link SamplingIntervalDiagnosticsDataType} value to write to the server.
* @throws UaException if a service- or operation-level error occurs.
*/
void writeSamplingIntervalDiagnostics(
SamplingIntervalDiagnosticsDataType samplingIntervalDiagnostics) throws UaException;
/**
* An asynchronous implementation of {@link #readSamplingIntervalDiagnostics()}.
*
* @return a CompletableFuture that completes successfully with the property value or completes
* exceptionally if an operation- or service-level error occurs.
*/
CompletableFuture<? extends SamplingIntervalDiagnosticsDataType> readSamplingIntervalDiagnosticsAsync(
);
/**
* An asynchronous implementation of {@link #writeSamplingIntervalDiagnostics(SamplingIntervalDiagnosticsDataType)}.
*
* @return a CompletableFuture that completes successfully with the operation result or
* completes exceptionally if a service-level error occurs.
*/
CompletableFuture<StatusCode> writeSamplingIntervalDiagnosticsAsync(
SamplingIntervalDiagnosticsDataType samplingIntervalDiagnostics);
/**
* Get the SamplingIntervalDiagnostics {@link SamplingIntervalDiagnosticsType} Node, or {@code null} if it does not exist.
* <p>
* The Node is created when first accessed and cached for subsequent calls.
*
* @return the SamplingIntervalDiagnostics {@link SamplingIntervalDiagnosticsType} Node, or {@code null} if it does not exist.
* @throws UaException if an error occurs creating or getting the Node.
*/
SamplingIntervalDiagnosticsType getSamplingIntervalDiagnosticsNode() throws UaException;
/**
* Asynchronous implementation of {@link #getSamplingIntervalDiagnosticsNode()}.
*
* @return a CompletableFuture that completes successfully with the
* ? extends SamplingIntervalDiagnosticsType Node or completes exceptionally if an error occurs
* creating or getting the Node.
*/
CompletableFuture<? extends SamplingIntervalDiagnosticsType> getSamplingIntervalDiagnosticsNodeAsync(
);
}
``` |
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