Split (2)

train · 999k rows

text stringlengths 1 22.8M
Kalakote is a town located in Rajouri district of Jammu region in the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. Kalakote is noted for its coal mines and has first Thermal Power Plant of North India. Additionally, the town serves as the headquarters for various administrative entities, including a tehsil, sub-division, block, municipal committee, and constituency, all bearing the name Kalakote. Administration Tehsil Kalakote tehsil is one of the thirteen administrative subdivisions of the Rajouri district. Its administrative headquarters are based in the town of Kalakote. The tehsil is led by the Tehsildar, currently Shiv Kumar, who oversees the revenue department and administrative affairs in all the towns and villages under the jurisdiction of Kalakote tehsil. Sub division Kalakote division constitutes one of the five administrative divisions of Rajouri district in India, with its headquarters located in the town of Kalakote. The division is overseen by the ADC (Additional Deputy Commissioner), currently held by Krishan Lal. Its primary objective is to administer and govern all the towns and villages falling under the Kalakote tehsil, striving to ensure effective and efficient governance across the region. Block Kalakote block is one of the nineteen administrative blocks in Rajouri district, with its headquarters located in Kalakote. The administrative head of this block is commonly referred to as the Block Development Officer (BDO), and currently, Raj Singh holds the position of BDO for Kalakote. The primary objective of this block is to oversee rural development and infrastructure across all villages falling under the Kalakote tehsil. Municipal Committee Kalakote municipality is one of the five administrative divisions in the Rajouri district, with its headquarters located in Kalakote. The head of the municipality holds the title of chairman, and currently, the position is held by Vijay Suri. The chairman and members of the municipality are elected every five years through a process overseen by the district administration of Rajouri. The primary objective of the municipality is to oversee and develop the infrastructure throughout the town of Kalakote. Constituency Kalakote constituency is one of the four constituencies in Rajouri district, with its headquarters located in Kalakote. The head of this constituency is known as the MLA (Member of Legislative Assembly). However, after the abrogation of Article 370 of the Indian Constitution, there has been a transition to Governor's rule in Jammu and Kashmir, and consequently, there are no MLAs representing constituencies, including Kalakote. The main objective of this constituency is to oversee the welfare and development of the entire tehsil. History Kalakote town Before independence, Kalakote was a small village with coal mines. In the beginning of the 1950s, a thermal power station was established at Kalakote to utilize the local coal resources. Colonies like Mine Colony and Thermal Colony were established for the residence of power plant workers. Shops and hotels were constructed to handle the influx of mine workers. However, after the commissioning of this project, it was found that the coal available at the site was not suitable for the project, resulting in its closure. Despite this, coal remains the primary resource of the Tehsil and is presently being exported outside. Kalakote tehsil During the 1970s, Kalakote and Nowshera were part of the same tehsil with the same constituency. However, it became increasingly difficult to manage both towns under a single administration due to Kalakote's vastness. As a result, separate tehsils and constituencies were allotted to Kalakote. On 23 March 2018, an additional Deputy Commissioner was appointed for Tehsil Kalakote. Geography Kalakote Town Kalakote town is located at with an area of and an average elevation of . The town experiences a humid subtropical, dry climate with a yearly temperature of 28.16 °C (82.69 °F), which is 2.19% higher than the Indian average. Annually, it receives about 22.15 millimeters (0.87 inches) of precipitation over 28.48 rainy days (7.8% of the time). The Pincode of Kalakote is 185202. Kalakote Tehsil Kalakote tehsil shares its boundaries with Nowshera in the east, Reasi in the west, Rajouri and Kotranka in the north, and Sunderbani and Siot in the south. The tehsil covers an area of with an average elevation of . It experiences a humid subtropical, dry climate, with a yearly temperature of 28.16 °C (82.69 °F), 2.19% higher than the Indian average. The region receives approximately 22.15 millimeters (0.87 inches) of precipitation annually, occurring over 28.48 rainy days (7.8% of the time). There are 68 villages and a town in the tehsil. Population Kalakote town As of the 2011 India census, Kalakote has a total population of 558 people, with 332 males and 226 females. The literacy rate in Kalakote village is 77.96%, with 82.83% of males and 70.80% of females being literate. The location code of Kalakote is 001514, and there are approximately 113 houses in the town. Kalakote tehsil Kalakote tehsil is predominantly urban, with the entire population residing in urban areas. According to the 2011 India census, the total population of Kalakote Tehsil was 72,667, comprising 37,864 males and 34,803 females, resulting in a sex ratio of 919 females per 1000 males. The population of children between the ages of 0–6 years was 12,768, making up 18% of the total population, with 6,842 male children and 5,926 female children in this age group. The child sex ratio in Kalakote Tehsil was reported to be 866, which is lower than the overall sex ratio of 919. The tehsil comprises 69 villages and has a literacy rate of 59.13%. Out of a total of 35,418 literate individuals, 21,123 are male, and 14,295 are female. The working population in Kalakote was recorded at 38,661, with 20,899 men and 17,762 women. Among them, 5,395 individuals are engaged in cultivation, comprising 4,344 men and 1,051 women. Additionally, 718 people work as agricultural laborers in Kalakote, with 588 men and 130 women involved in this occupation. Religion Kalakote town Kalakote is a town with a majority Hindu population, constituting approximately 93.67% of its residents. The town also has a significant Sikh community, accounting for about 4.03% of the population, and a Muslim community representing 2.18% of the inhabitants. Kalakote is renowned for its diverse religious landscape, boasting two prominent Hindu temples, Gurudwara, and a Mosque. Kalakote tehsil The tehsil's population is predominantly composed of two major religious groups: Hindu and Muslim. These two religions together account for 94.63% of the total population, with Muslims constituting 48.60% and Hindus constituting 46.03%. The remaining 5.37% of the population follows other religions such as Sikhism and Christianity. Education As of 2023, Kalakote tehsil in Jammu and Kashmir is equipped with educational institutions, including a government college, 47 government schools, and 19 private schools. The notable educational institution in Kalakote tehsil is the Government Degree College Kalakote, which serves as the sole college in the tehsil. Among the esteemed government schools in the area are: Government Higher Secondary School Kalakote Government Higher Secondary School Sailsui Government Higher Secondary School Solki Some of the prominent private schools in the tehsil include: VSK High School Kalakote Indira High School Kalakote Gian Public School Kalakote Healthcare Kalakote town has one main hospital, the CHC Kalakote, serving the healthcare needs of the local community. Additionally, there are three more hospitals currently under construction in different parts of the tehsil, aimed at further improving medical facilities in the area. For medical emergencies, some residents may need to seek treatment at GMC Rajouri, situated approximately away, or alternatively, at GMC Jammu, which is located around away. These larger medical institutions offer specialized services and advanced medical care, catering to a wider range of healthcare needs. Transport Kalakote is a developing tehsil in Rajouri district, Jammu and Kashmir, where almost every village is now well-connected through a network of single-lane roads. The town of Kalakote is strategically located on the Rajouri Katra Highway, a significant roadway that links Kalakote to major towns such as Rajouri and the pilgrimage destination of Katra. Additionally, this highway facilitates access to 14 other villages within the tehsil, fostering better connectivity and transportation in the region. The central transportation artery in Kalakote is a single-lane road that connects the town directly to the NH-144A at Siot. This connection further enhances Kalakote's accessibility and integration with the broader national highway network. For travelers from distant locations, the nearest airport to Kalakote is the Jammu Airport, situated at a distance of approximately from the town. The airport serves as a crucial gateway for both domestic and international flights and is approximately a 3.5-hour drive from Kalakote. For railway commuters, the nearest railway station to Kalakote is the Jammu Tawi railway station, positioned about away from the town. The railway station offers connectivity to various parts of the country and is reachable via a 3.5-hour drive from Kalakote. Tourism Manma Mata Cave The Manma Mata Temple is a pilgrimage site that lies on Rajouri - Katra highway. This site is devoted to Mata Devi as it is believed that Manma Devi had arrived in this region for meditation purpose. Visitors will find a cave in proximity to this pilgrimage site. This place is away from town. Panjnara Fort Near Panjnara, a small village in tehsil Kalakote, is a temple locally known as ‘Pandu Kund’. It is a well-preserved temple of the Kashmiri architectural style in Jammu province. The large temple dates back to 9th-10th century A.D and is similar to Buniyar templend Deltha Mandir in Baramula district. It consists of main shrine, a rectangular peristyle with 55 cells facing to the courtyard and double chambered gateway in the middle of eastern wall. This place is away from town. Tatta Pani This place is famous for the hot spring whose water is believed to have healing powers. It is located at about from the Kalakote town. Thousands of people throng the place from June to ending November every year from within and outside the state to take a dip in springs. Tata Pani is around away from town. Thermal Power Plant Kalakote In the beginning of 1950s, a Thermal Power Station was established at Kalakote keeping in view the available coal resources. But after commissioning of this project, it was found that the coal available at site was not suitable for the project due to which, the project is closed at present. However, coal is the main resource of the Tehsil, which is presently being exported outside. Thermal Power Plant Kalakote is away from town. Notable people Abdul Samad - Indian cricketer See also Thermal Power Plant Kalakote Kalakote Assembly constituency Government Degree College, Kalakote References Villages in Rajouri district Tehsils in Rajouri district Cities and towns in Rajouri district
1935 in sports describes the year's events in world sport. Alpine skiing FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 5th FIS Alpine World Ski Championships are held at Mürren, Switzerland. The events are a downhill, a slalom and a combined race in both the men's and women's categories. The winners are: Men's Downhill – Franz Zingerle (Austria) Men's Slalom – Anton Seelos (Austria) Men's Combined – Anton Seelos (Austria) Women's Downhill – Christl Cranz (Germany) Women's Slalom – Anny Rüegg (Switzerland) Women's Combined – Christl Cranz (Germany) American football NFL Championship: the Detroit Lions won 26–7 over the New York Giants at University of Detroit Stadium Rose Bowl (1934 season): The Alabama Crimson Tide won 29–13 over the Stanford Indians to share the college football national championship Minnesota Golden Gophers – college football national championship shared with SMU Mustangs First Heisman Trophy presented to Jay Berwanger of the University of Chicago The Maxwell Football Club of Philadelphia was founded Association football England First Division – Arsenal win the 1934–35 title, becoming only the second team to win the title three times in a row. FA Cup – Sheffield Wednesday beat West Bromwich Albion 4–2. Spain La Liga won by Betis Balompié Germany Origin of the DFB-Pokal, which is Germany's premier national cup competition, in the institution of the "Tschammer-Pokal", a competition with Nazi affiliations that is terminated at the end of World War II. It is then restored as the DFB-Pokal in the 1952–53 season. National Championship – FC Schalke 04 6–4 VfB Stuttgart Tschammer-Pokal – 1. FC Nürnberg 2–0 FC Schalke 04 in Düsseldorf Italy Serie A won by Juventus Portugal The inaugural Primeira Liga is won by F.C. Porto France French Division 1 won by Sochaux-Montbéliard Brazil January 25 – São Paulo Futebol Clube founded. Australian rules football VFL Premiership 5 October – Collingwood wins the 39th VFL Premiership, defeating South Melbourne 11.12 (78) to 7.16 (58) in the 1935 VFL Grand Final Brownlow Medal awarded to Haydn Bunton, Sr. (Fitzroy) South Australian National Football League 5 October – South Adelaide wins their first premiership since 1899, beating Port Adelaide 15.9 (99) to 13.13 (91) Magarey Medal awarded to Jack Cockburn (South Adelaide) Western Australian National Football League 12 October – West Perth win their seventh premiership, defeating Subiaco 11.8 (74) to 7.9 (51) Sandover Medal awarded to Lou Daily (Subiaco) and George Krepp (Swan Districts) Baseball Detroit Tigers defeat Chicago Cubs 4–2 in the World Series MVPs: American League: Hank Greenberg, Detroit Tigers National League: Gabby Hartnett, Chicago Cubs On May 25, Babe Ruth has a last hurrah, hitting three home runs against the Pittsburgh Pirates. The final one, the last of his 714 career home runs, sets a baseball record that stood for 39 years. This homer is the first to clear the right field grandstand at Forbes Field and is measured at 600 feet (183 m). June 2 – Babe Ruth announces he is going to retire from the sport. The Winnipeg Maroons win the Northern League championship. Japanese club Hanshin Tigers, officially founded in Osaka on December 10. Basketball Events Eurobasket 1935, won by Latvia, is the first European international basketball championship. The fourth South American Basketball Championship in Rio de Janeiro is won by Argentina. Boxing Events 13 June – James J. Braddock defeats Max Baer over fifteen rounds at Long Island City to win the World Heavyweight Championship Lineal world champions World Heavyweight Championship – Max Baer → James J. Braddock World Light Heavyweight Championship – Bob Olin → John Henry Lewis World Middleweight Championship – vacant World Welterweight Championship – Jimmy McLarnin → Barney Ross World Lightweight Championship – vacant → Tony Canzoneri World Featherweight Championship – vacant World Bantamweight Championship – Panama Al Brown → Sixto Escobar World Flyweight Championship – vacant → Benny Lynch Cricket Events England tour the West Indies, and tie a four-Test series at one win each with two draws 9 March – The inaugural Ranji Trophy final begins a season after the death of K. S. Ranjitsinhji, in whose memory the trophy was awarded England County Championship – Yorkshire Minor Counties Championship – Middlesex Second Eleven Most runs – Wally Hammond 2,616 @ 49.37 (HS 252) Most wickets – Tich Freeman 212 @ 21.51 (BB 8–40) South Africa defeat England one Test to nil with four draws Australia Sheffield Shield – Victoria Most runs – Jack Fingleton 880 @ 58.66 (HS 134) Most wickets – Chuck Fleetwood-Smith 63 @ 20.34 (BB 8–113) South Africa Currie Cup – not contested India Bombay Quadrangular – Muslims Ranji Trophy – Bombay defeat Northern India by 208 runs New Zealand Plunket Shield – Canterbury West Indies Inter-Colonial Tournament – British Guiana Cycling Tour de France Romain Maes wins the 29th Tour de France Francisco Cepeda becomes the first rider to die during a Tour de France when he falls from his bike descending into a ravine Giro d'Italia Vasco Bergamaschi of Maino wins the 23rd Giro d'Italia Vuelta a España The first edition of what will eventually become of one road bicycle racing's Grand Tours is raced and won by Gustaaf Deloor. Golf Men's professional Masters Tournament – Gene Sarazen fired a double eagle on the 15th hole in the final round to force an 18-hole playoff which Sarazen would win the next day. U.S. Open – Sam Parks, Jr. British Open – Alf Perry PGA Championship – Johnny Revolta Men's amateur British Amateur – Lawson Little U.S. Amateur – Lawson Little Women's professional Women's Western Open – Opal Hill Horse racing Steeplechases Cheltenham Gold Cup – Golden Miller Grand National – Reynoldstown Flat races Australia – Melbourne Cup won by Marabou Canada – King's Plate won by Sally Fuller France – Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe won by Samos Ireland – Irish Derby Stakes won by Museum English Triple Crown Races: 2,000 Guineas Stakes – Bahram The Derby – Bahram St. Leger Stakes – Bahram United States Triple Crown Races: Kentucky Derby – Omaha Preakness Stakes – Omaha Belmont Stakes – Omaha Ice hockey 4 April to 9 April – Montreal Maroons sweep Toronto Maple Leafs 3–0 to win the Stanley Cup Norway – The Norwegian Ice Hockey League was established Motorsport Nordic skiing FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 9th FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1935 are held at Vysoké Tatry, Czechoslovakia Rowing The Boat Race 6 April — Cambridge wins the 87th Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race Rugby league 1935 European Rugby League Championship / 1935–36 European Rugby League Championship 1935 New Zealand rugby league season 1935 NSWRFL season 1934–35 Northern Rugby Football League season / 1935–36 Northern Rugby Football League season Rugby union 48th Home Nations Championship series is won by Ireland Snooker World Snooker Championship – Joe Davis beats Willie Smith 25–20 Speed skating Speed Skating World Championships Men's All-round Champion – Michael Staksrud (Norway) Tennis Australia Australian Men's Singles Championship – Jack Crawford (Australia) defeats Fred Perry (Great Britain) 2–6, 6–4, 6–4, 6–4 Australian Women's Singles Championship – Dorothy Round Little (Great Britain) defeats Nancy Lyle Glover (Australia) 1–6, 6–1, 6–3 England Wimbledon Men's Singles Championship – Fred Perry (Great Britain) defeats Gottfried von Cramm (Germany) 6–2, 6–4, 6–4 Wimbledon Women's Singles Championship – Helen Wills Moody (USA) defeats Helen Jacobs (USA) 6–3, 3–6, 7–5 France French Men's Singles Championship – Fred Perry (Great Britain) defeats Gottfried von Cramm (Germany) 6–3, 3–6, 6–1, 6–3 French Women's Singles Championship – Hilde Krahwinkel Sperling (Germany) defeats Simonne Mathieu (France) 6–2, 6–1 USA American Men's Singles Championship – Wilmer Allison (USA) defeats Sidney Wood (USA) 6–2, 6–2, 6–3 American Women's Singles Championship – Helen Jacobs (USA) defeats Sarah Palfrey Cooke (USA) 6–2, 6–4 Davis Cup 1935 International Lawn Tennis Challenge – at 5–0 (14) Centre Court, Wimbledon (grass) London, United Kingdom Awards Associated Press Male Athlete of the Year – Joe Louis, Boxing Associated Press Female Athlete of the Year – Helen Wills Moody, Tennis Notes The medal was originally awarded to Daily on a "casting vote", but it was forgotten that a countback would decide the medal in the event of tie – so both were given the medal after this error was discovered, since Krepp would have won outright had the countback been done first. References Sports by year
John Burke (12 November 1786 – 27 March 1848) was an Irish genealogist, and the original publisher of Burke's Peerage. He was the father of Sir Bernard Burke, a British officer of arms and genealogist. Origins He was the elder son of Peter Burke of Elm Hall, Tipperary, by his first wife, Anne, daughter and coheiress of Matthew Dowdall, M.D., of Mullingar. In accordance with a family arrangement, his younger brother Joseph succeeded to the estate at the father's death on 13 January 1836. The Burke family were descendants of the Earl of Clanricarde via Dominick Burke (born 1664), of Clondagoff Castle, County Galway. Later generations have lived at Auberies, Bulmer, Essex. Career John Burke early engaged in literary work in London, but afterwards devoted himself to genealogical studies, and in 1826 he issued a Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage of the United Kingdom. For the first time such a work was arranged alphabetically, as opposed to in the Ahnentafel or genealogical-table style, and peers and baronets were treated together. The convenience of its method at once gave it great popularity. The Peerage was republished at irregular intervals until 1847, when it reached its ninth edition. From that date it has been issued annually. A General and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerages of England, Ireland, and Scotland, extinct, dormant, and in abeyance, was first published by Burke in 1831 (3rd edit. 1846); later editions, prepared by Sir J. B. Burke, appealed in 1866 and 1883. In 1831 Burke also issued what was intended to be the first of a series of annual handbooks, entitled The Official Calendar for 1831, but the series was not continued. Between 1833 and 1838, he published A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland, in four volumes; another edition was issued in 1838; and a third edition in two volumes between 1843 and 1849. The title was altered in the later editions to A Dictionary of the Landed Gentry and a supplementary volume appeared in 1844, containing corrigenda and a general index. It is known colloquially as Burke's Landed Gentry. Burke was also the author of: The Portrait Gallery of Distinguished Females, including Beauties of the Courts of George IV and William IV, 2 vols. 1833 A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Extinct and Dormant Baronetcies of England; 1838 (re-issued 1841 and 1844) The Knightage of Great Britain and Ireland, 1841 A General Armory of England, Scotland, and Ireland, 1842 (republished in Bohn's series in 1844 as Burke's Encyclopedia of Heraldry, and by Sir J. B. Burke in an enlarged form in 1878) Heraldic Illustrations, comprising the Armorial Bearings of all the Principal Families of the Empire, with Pedigrees and Annotations, 1844 (an illuminated supplement appeared in 1851) The Royal Families of England, Scotland, and Wales, and the Families descended from them, in 5 vols. 1847–51. Burke was also the editor of a short-lived periodical, The Patrician. Marriage and progeny He married his cousin Mary O'Reilly (died 1846), second daughter of Bernard O'Reilly of Ballymorris, County Longford, Ireland. Mary is listed as one of the lost graves on the Burdett-Coutts memorial in Old St. Pancras Churchyard. By his wife he had two sons: Peter Burke, a barrister Sir Bernard Burke, genealogist and officer of arms Death Burke died at Aachen (formerly known as Aix-la-Chapelle) in Germany on 27 March 1848. List of works History of the Commoners A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland Enjoying Territorial Possessions or High Official Rank but Uninvested with Heritable Honours, 4 volumes (1833–1838) (subsequently published as Burke's Landed Gentry): Vol.1, London, 1836 (archive.org) Vol.2, London, 1835 Vol.2, ("Small Paper Edition"), London, 1837 Vol.3, London, 1836 (google books); Vol.3, London, 1836 (archive.org) Vol.4 Vol. 4, ("Small Paper Edition"), London, 1838 History of Extinct BaronetciesA Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Extinct and Dormant Baronetcies of England, Ireland and Scotland'', by John Burke and John Bernard Burke, 1st Edition, 1838 2nd Edition, London, 1841 3rd Edition, 1844 Notes References Attribution Irish genealogists 1786 births 1848 deaths John
Macrostomus pulchriventris is a species of dance flies, in the fly family Empididae. References Macrostomus Insects described in 1905 Taxa named by Mario Bezzi Diptera of South America
Mark "Super" Duper (born January 25, 1959) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver for the Miami Dolphins of the National Football League (NFL) from 1982 to 1992. He played collegiately at Northwestern State University and was selected by the Dolphins in the 2nd round of the 1982 NFL draft. Professional career Nicknamed "Super Duper", he played 11 seasons for the Dolphins where his best years came while teamed with Pro Football Hall of Fame quarterback Dan Marino and fellow wide receiver Mark Clayton, the other half of the "Marks Brothers" wide receiver tandem. Duper, who wore #85, was a 3-time Pro Bowl selection in 1983, 1984 and 1986. His best season was 1984, when he had 71 catches, 1306 yards and 8 touchdowns, and in 1986, when he tallied 67 catches, 1313 yards and 11 touchdowns. Duper had four 1,000-yard seasons, with the final one coming in 1991 at age 32, when he posted 1085 yards. In 1990, Duper became only the second Dolphins player to surpass 7,000 career receiving yards. On July 17, 1993, the Dolphins released Duper, after re-hauling their receiving corps bringing in O.J. McDuffie, Irving Fryar, and Mark Ingram Sr., and letting go of the Marks Brothers. Duper was also a track star, he won in the finals of the 400-meter relay at the 1981 NCAA track and field championships at Northwestern State University, and from the 1980 Olympic trials finished seventh in the 200-meter dash and reached the semifinals of the 100. he competed in the 100 meters and 200 meters, posting personal bests of 10.21 seconds and 20.77 seconds, respectively. In 11 NFL seasons, he caught 511 passes for 8,869 yards and 59 touchdowns. In 1994, he also appeared in two games with the Miami Hooters of the Arena Football League. On November 8, 2013, Duper revealed he had been diagnosed with chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Duper was inducted (with Mark Clayton) into the Miami Dolphins Honor Roll on December 15, 2003. NFL career statistics Regular season See also Living former players diagnosed with or reporting symptoms of chronic traumatic encephalopathy References External links NFL stats AFL stats 1959 births Living people Players of American football from Louisiana American football wide receivers Northwestern State Demons football players Miami Dolphins players American Conference Pro Bowl players Miami Hooters players African-American players of American football People from Avoyelles Parish, Louisiana 21st-century African-American people 20th-century African-American sportspeople
Auggie Smith (born 1970) is an American comedian. His real first name is Kevin. Born in Santa Rosa, California, he was raised in Billings, Montana. He lives in Los Angeles, CA. He is a frequent guest on the Bob and Tom Show, a nationally syndicated radio program, and tours across the country steadily. His television appearances include Last Comic Standing in 2007 and Comedy Central's "Live At Gotham" (2006). In 2010, he became the first comedian to win both the San Francisco and Seattle Comedy Competitions in the same year. Comics who won only one of these include Mitch Hedberg, Dana Carvey, Sinbad, and Jake Johannsen. (Robin Williams, Ellen DeGeneres and Dane Cook placed second in the San Francisco Competition). Notable appearances Seattle Comedy Contest 2010 - won San Francisco Comedy Festival 2010 - won Aspen Rooftop Comedy Festival, 2008 (won Club Favorite award) Montreal Comedy Festival (1998) Bob and Tom Comedy All Stars Tour (2007-8) References External links Official web page 1970 births Living people People from Billings, Montana People from Portland, Oregon People from Santa Rosa, California American male comedians Comedians from California Comedians from New York City Comedians from Oregon 21st-century American comedians
Claire Mafféi (1919–2004) was a French stage and film actress. She is best known for her role in the 1947 comedy-drama Antoine and Antoinette by Jacques Becker. She was married to the screenwriter Claude Vermorel. Selected filmography Women's Games (1946) Antoine and Antoinette (1947) The Most Beautiful Life (1956) References Bibliography Danielle E. Hipkins & Gill Plain. War-torn Tales: Literature, Film and Gender in the Aftermath of World War II. Peter Lang, 2007. External links 1919 births 2004 deaths French film actresses French stage actresses Actresses from Lyon 20th-century French actresses
The 2014–15 Basketball Cup of Serbia is the 9th season of the Serbian 2nd-tier men's cup tournament. Vršac-based team Vršac Swisslion won the Cup. Bracket Source: Basketball Federation of Serbia See also 2014–15 Radivoj Korać Cup 2014–15 Basketball League of Serbia References External links Basketball Competitions of Serbia Basketball Cup of Serbia Cup
Typhoon Ruby, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Yoning, was a strong tropical cyclone that struck Hong Kong, Macau, and southern China in early September 1964. The precursor disturbance to Ruby was first identified on August 29 over the Philippine Sea, and this system organised into a tropical cyclone by September 1. Ruby intensified as it moved west, becoming a typhoon the next day and subsequently passing over the Babuyan Islands of the Philippines. After reaching the South China Sea, Ruby turned northwest and intensified further, attaining peak ten-minute sustained winds of before making landfall at the peak intensity near Hong Kong on September 5. The typhoon weakened after moving inland and dissipated on September 6 over southeastern China. Despite brushing Philippines as a typhoon, no impacts were recorded. Ruby was one of the strongest typhoons to hit Hong Kong in the city's history. The storm produced a peak wind gust of at Tate's Cairn and a gust of on Waglan Island; the latter was the strongest gust observed for that site. The storm sank 314 fishing vessels and destroyed or damaged thousands of homes. Rain-triggered landslides and wind-blown debris caused 300 injuries. Among locales in Hong Kong, Tai Po was most seriously affected. A total of 38 fatalities were attributed to Ruby in Hong Kong, though another 14 people remained unaccounted for. A wind gust of generated by Ruby in Macau was the strongest gust measured there on record; at least 20 fatalities were reported in Macau. The typhoon caused serious flooding along the mouth of the Pearl River in Guangdong Province in South China, where at least 700 people were killed. Meteorological history The genesis of Typhoon Ruby stemmed from the interaction of a trough of low pressure and a westward-propagating tropical wave. This interaction led to the formation of a wind circulation west of Saipan on August 29, 1964. It initially moved west-northwest before curving west. Nimbus 1, a weather satellite, was used to detect and locate this precursor disturbance 21 hours prior to investigation from aircraft reconnaissance. For the first twelve hours on September 1, the disturbance became a tropical depression, and by around 12:00 UTC, the tropical depression had strengthened into a tropical storm while over the central Philippine Sea, east of Basco, Batanes, in the Philippines. Ruby initially moved slightly south of west with a forward speed of . It became a severe tropical storm within 18 hours of tropical cyclogenesis according to data from the Hong Kong Observatory (known as the Royal Observatory in 1964). Aircraft reconnaissance estimated one-minute maximum sustained winds of on their first intercept of the system on September 1. Data from the JTWC and HKO indicate Ruby became a typhoon by 12:00 UTC on September 2. Ruby passed north of Luzon and across the Babuyan Islands as a typhoon on September 3 with one-minute sustained winds estimated by the JTWC at and ten-minute sustained winds estimated by the HKO at . According to the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), Ruby's barometric pressure reached a minimum of 972 hPa (mbar; 28.70 inHg) during this time; this is disputed by the HKO and the China Meteorological Administration (CMA), which both analysed Ruby's pressure to have continued falling for at least two more days. On September 4, Ruby turned towards the northwest while northwest of Luzon. While ship observations were scant in the northern South China Sea following the issuance of typhoon warnings, aircraft reconnaissance and satellite imagery provided data on Ruby's position and intensity as it approached Hong Kong, Macau, and the southeastern coast of China. On September 5, Ruby's one-minute sustained winds topped out at according to the JTWC, with the HKO reporting ten-minute sustained winds peaking at ; in the HKO classification system, this made Ruby a super typhoon. The CMA and HKO both estimated Ruby's central atmospheric pressure bottomed out at 960 hPa (mbar; 28.35 inHg). Ruby made landfall near Hong Kong at peak intensity at around 09:00 UTC on September 5. Its eye spanned approximately across. Ruby weakened after moving inland, degenerating into a tropical storm by September 6 and dissipating inland over southeastern China later that day. Preparations and impact Storm warnings were issued for northern Luzon and the Babuyan and Batanes islands on September 3. The Royal Observatory Hong Kong declared tropical cyclone signal no. 1 at 22:15 UTC on September 3 when Ruby was centered roughly east of Hong Kong. The Royal Observatory escalated these warnings as Ruby approached, with signal no. 3 issued at 18:35 UTC on September 4 and later signal no. 10 at 02:40 UTC on September 5; signal no. 10 was in effect for nearly four hours. As the storm passed, the signal severity decreased and the final signal was lifted at 04:50 UTC on September 5 after over 42 hours of active warnings. Ruby was the fifth typhoon to warrant the issuance of the no. 10 signal in Hong Kong since the inception of the modern tropical cyclone signal system in 1946 and the first two of these signals in 1964. Ruby was the fourth tropical cyclone to enter the vicinity of Hong Kong in 1964, a year that featured a record amount of storms tracking near the Crown territory. Gale-force winds associated with Ruby reached Hong Kong on the morning of September 5 and continued to impact the Crown territory until the following night. The Royal Observatory headquarters measured a minimum air pressure of 968.2 hPa (mbar; 28.59 inHg) when the centre of the typhoon was roughly to the southwest. At Tate's Cairn, a wind gust of was registered; other measured peak gusts included at the Royal Observatory and at Kai Tak Airport. A gust on Waglan Island was the fastest observed in the island's history. Rainfall accumulations in Hong Kong reached at least in 24 hours. The Royal Observatory recorded at least (165 mm) 6.50 in of rain from the storm. Ruby produced a maximum storm surge height of at Quarry Bay. There were 38 fatalities in Hong Kong associated with Ruby, though 14 others were never accounted for. Another 300 people were injured by the storm, and a total of 8,500 people were classified by the Royal Observatory as "disaster victims". Numerous injuries were caused by sheet metal torn from buildings under construction in downtown Hong Kong. Fifty thousand refugees from the People's Republic of China were rendered homeless. The typhoon destroyed or damaged 314 fishing vessels and 20 ships throughout the Hong Kong area. At least ten ships ran aground. Nine people were lost after a Panamanian freighter, the Dorar, sank in Victoria Harbour; 14 others were rescued. Kai Tak International Airport, ferry service, and other transportation systems were brought to a standstill throughout Hong Kong, in addition to the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. Roads were blocked by toppled trees and overturned cars. One road was obstructed by cranes that fell from a 20-storey building. Heavy rainfall caused by Ruby led to floods, landslides, and razed homes. High voltage electrical wires torn by the winds caused hundreds of fires before the power service was terminated. Tai Po was the hardest-hit area in Hong Kong; there, the storm destroyed thousands of village houses and temporary shelters. In Kowloon and Tsuen Wan, 1,368 houses were affected. A loosened boulder in Kowloon trapped ten people. At Mui Wo, 30 homes were destroyed and 180 others were unroofed. High waves pushed water into the Hong Kong City Hall, causing a delay in the 1964 Summer Olympics torch relay. Following the passage of Ruby, hundreds of workers cleared and repaired streets most seriously impacted in Hong Kong. The colonial government appealed for public donations for victims of Ruby on September 6. Hot meals and cash assistance were prepared for the displaced Chinese refugees in Hong Kong by government welfare groups. A wind gust in Taipa, Macau, set a new record for the fastest gust measured there; this record was later superseded by Typhoon Hato in 2017. The typhoon triggered a fire that destroyed a building there. Over 20 people were killed and 100 others were injured in Macau. "Severe flooding" occurred in Guangdong Province throughout the province and along the Pearl River delta. Many homes collapsed, and the damage there was the most severe since 1949. Xiangshan County was the hardest-hit region. More than 700 people were reportedly killed in Guangdong Province, including the unconfirmed deaths of 300 people following the collapse of a school dormitory. The devastation in Guangdong led to an increased influx of refugees fleeing the People's Republic of China for Hong Kong. See also Typhoon Wanda (1962) Typhoon Hope (1979) Typhoon Rose (1971) Typhoon Kent (1995) Notes References Further reading 1964 Pacific typhoon season Typhoons in Hong Kong Typhoons in Macau Typhoons in the Philippines Typhoons in China Typhoons
Hunspach ( or ) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. In 2020 it was voted the «Village préféré des Français» (France's favourite village). Geography The commune lies a short distance to the south of Wissembourg within the Northern Vosges Regional Nature Park. Sights The village is a member of the Les Plus Beaux Villages de France ("The most beautiful villages of France") association. Hunspach has retained much of its traditional architecture. The houses are white and in the Alsatian half timbered style. Open central yards offer glimpses of the working farms within. Photo gallery See also Ouvrage Schoenenbourg Communes of the Bas-Rhin department References Communes of Bas-Rhin Bas-Rhin communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia Plus Beaux Villages de France
The pro-Beijing camp, pro-establishment camp, pro-government camp or pro-China camp refers to a political alignment in Hong Kong which generally supports the policies of the Beijing central government and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) towards Hong Kong. The term "pro-establishment camp" is regularly in use to label the broader segment of the Hong Kong political arena which has the closer relationship with the establishment, namely the governments of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR). It is labeled the "Patriotic Front" by pro-Beijing media and "loyalists" by the rival pro-democracy camp. The pro-Beijing camp evolved from Hong Kong's pro-CCP faction, often called "leftists", which acted under the direction of the CCP. It launched the 1967 Hong Kong riots against British colonial rule in Hong Kong and had a long rivalry with the pro-Kuomintang bloc. After the Sino-British Joint Declaration was signed in 1984, affirming Chinese sovereignty over Hong Kong from 1997, the traditional leftists realigned itself and unofficially formed a loose "United Front" with the conservative pro-business elites to counter the emergence of the pro-democracy camp in the 1990s and ensure a smooth transition of the Hong Kong sovereignty in Beijing's interest. Since the handover in 1997, the pro-Beijing camp has become the major supporting force of the Hong Kong government and maintained control of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong (LegCo), having the advantage of indirectly elected functional constituencies. Going into the 2010s, the pro-Beijing camp underwent a period of diversification in which different parties emerged and targeted different voters which resulted in steady increases of the support. With various positions on specific issues, the camp generally embraces conservative values politically, socially and economically, and Chinese nationalistic and patriotic sentiments. However, the unpopular SAR administrations and opposition to Beijing's policies toward Hong Kong have also caused the camp major losses in the 2003 and 2019 elections. Names The term "pro-Beijing camp" refers to the political alignment which supports the policies of the Beijing, where the seat of the Government of the People's Republic of China is. Therefore, "pro-Beijing camp" is sometimes referred to as "pro-China camp". The faction in the pro-Beijing camp which evolved from the "traditional leftists" was also known as the "pro-communists" (), while the business elites and professionals who were appointed by the colonial government before 1997 were called the "pro-government camp". In the 1990s when the traditional leftists and business elites unofficially formed the loose "United Front" towards the handover in 1997, "pro-Beijing camp" has become a broader term for the whole segment. The term "pro-government camp" has also been used to describe the same segment which support the SAR government. During the unpopular administration of Chief Executive Tung Chee-hwa, the hardcore pro-government parties, mainly the Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong (DAB), were labelled "loyalists" by the pro-democracy camp. In recent years, a more neutral term "pro-establishment camp" is regularly in use, especially in Chinese media. Ideology The pro-Beijing camp members are united by the political ideology of being closer to Beijing government, as much out of conviction as of pragmatism, but vary on other issues within the context of Hong Kong. Some pro-Beijing factions, including the "traditional leftists" who evolved from their Marxist-Leninist and Maoist conviction in the 1960s and 70s often hold a strong sentiment of patriotism and Chinese nationalism. They have had a years-long tradition of following the orders of the CCP, many of whom were also alleged underground members of the Communist Party. Amongst pragmatists, especially among the pro-business elites and tycoons who have been absorbed into Beijing's "United Front", have enjoyed political power and privileges, as well as economic interests, from the present political system and their close ties with the Beijing authorities. Some moderates also hope that in conceding on those issues on which China will not compromise, preserving as much as possible in the way of personal liberties and local autonomy can be achieved. The rhetoric of the pro-Beijing camp is mostly concerned with patriotism, social stability and economic prosperity. The pro-Beijing camp generally supports universal suffrage in Hong Kong under Beijing's framework, under which only Beijing-designated "patriots" may govern Hong Kong, although the most conservative faction opposes increased democratic development in Hong Kong with the introduction of universal suffrage and see in it the creation of instability. History Pro-CCP leftists The pro-Beijing camp evolved from the pro-CCP faction in Hong Kong which existed since the establishment of the CCP. The 1922 Seamen's strike, led by the Chinese Seamen's Union and the 1925–26 Canton–Hong Kong strike, led by various left-wing labour unions, were the two major Communist-related labour movements in the British colony of Hong Kong. During the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong, the Communist East River guerillas were active in the Pearl River Delta. The Hong Kong and Kowloon Federation of Trade Unions (FTU), an umbrella trade union for the local left-wing unions, was founded in April 1948. After the Communist victory in the Chinese Civil War, the local communists () remained in their semi-underground status. In the early post-war days, the Hong Kong and Kowloon Federation of Trade Unions, the Chinese General Chamber of Commerce and the Hong Kong Chinese Reform Association became the three pillars of the local pro-CCP organs, following the orders of the New China News Agency, the de facto Communist China's representative in Hong Kong. Their rivals were the pro-Nationalist faction, who pledged allegiance to the Nationalist government on Taiwan. The FTU took a leading role in the Hong Kong 1967 Leftist Riots, which, inspired by the Cultural Revolution in the Mainland, aimed at overthrowing the British colonial rule in Hong Kong. The leftists lost their prestige after the riots for a period of time as the general public was against the violence attributed to the leftists, although the presence of the pro-Beijing Maoist elements remained strong in the universities and colleges throughout the 1970s, in which many of the pro-CCP university and college graduates became the backbones of the pro-Beijing camp today. Transition period After the Sino-British Joint Declaration in 1984, the pro-CCP organisations became active again, of which many of them were appointed to various positions relating to the transition of the sovereignty of Hong Kong. The Beijing government also appointed many Hong Kong tycoons and professionals to sit on the Hong Kong Basic Law Consultative Committee (BLCC) and the Hong Kong Basic Law Drafting Committee (BLDC) as the means of forming a united front. To ensure the post-1997 political system would be dominated by business and professional interests, the Business and Professional Group of the Basic Law Consultative Committee was formed in April 1986 to propose a conservative, less democratic proposal of Group of 89 for electing the Chief Executive and Legislative Council, in contrast to the more progressive proposal of the pro-democracy activists. Several new political parties, including the New Hong Kong Alliance (NHKA) founded in 1989 by Lo Tak-shing from the conservative wing and the Business and Professionals Federation of Hong Kong (BPF) founded in 1990 by Vincent Lo from the mainstream wing, evolved from the group. The Liberal Democratic Federation of Hong Kong (LDF) consisted of the pro-government elected officeholders in which Maria Tam was the key person was also formed in 1990 in preparation for the first direct elections to the Legislative Council in 1991. The Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 sparked pro-democracy sentiments in Hong Kong. The newly formed democratic party, the United Democrats of Hong Kong, enjoyed landslide victories in the District Boards election, Urban and Regional Council election and Legislative Council election in 1991. To counter the pro-democracy influence in the legislature, the British-appointed unofficial members of the Legislative Council launched the Co-operative Resources Centre (CRC) in 1991 which transformed into the pro-business conservative Liberal Party in 1993, becoming the arch rival of the United Democrats. In 1992, the traditional leftists also formed the Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong (DAB) under the direction of the Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Office. In 1994, a group of businessmen and professionals founded the Hong Kong Progressive Alliance (HKPA) under the direction of the New China News Agency. The large-scale democratisation initiated by then Governor Chris Patten resulted in the deterioration of Sino-British relations and led to the emergence of an "unholy alliance" of pro-Beijing businesspeople and leftist loyalists versus the pro-democratic popular alliance. The Liberal Party led by Allen Lee launched a campaign attempting to defeat Patten's proposal which was backed by Beijing despite its eventual failure. Despite this, in the broadened franchise, the pro-Beijing camp was again defeated by the pro-democracy camp in the 1995 Legislative Council election. The Beijing government argued that the electoral reform introduced by Patten had violated the Joint Declaration, and thus they would scrap the reforms upon resumption of sovereignty. In preparation, a parallel legislature, the Provisional Legislative Council, was set up in 1996 under the control of pro-Beijing camp, and it introduced as the Legislative Council upon the founding of the new SAR government in 1997. Early post-handover years Since 1997, the pro-Beijing camp has never lost a majority in LegCo, controlling LegCo through a collaboration of the pro-Beijing groups with their support within the functional constituencies. In 2002, Chief Executive Tung Chee-hwa formed a governing alliance with the DAB and Liberal Party, the two largest pro-Beijing parties in the legislature, by inviting the two chairmen, Jasper Tsang and James Tien, to the Executive Council. On 1 July 2003, a peaceful crowd of more than 500,000 protested against the introduction of controversial legislation under Article 23 of the Basic Law. James Tien, chairman of the Liberal Party and member of the Executive Council, forced the government to delay the second reading of the bill. The stance of the DAB on Article 23 and their blind support for the Tung Chee-hwa's administration were strongly criticised and led to their losses in the District Council election. In 2005, veteran civil servant Donald Tsang succeeded the unpopular Tung Chee-hwa stepped down as Chief Executive in Beijing's direction. The pro-government camp supported the Tsang government, even though some traditional leftists questioned Tsang's background in the colonial civil service. After the setbacks in 2003, the pro-Beijing camp won back seats lost in 2003 in the 2007 District Council election, in which the DAB became the largest victor. The DAB enjoyed another victory in 2011 District Council election. In the Hong Kong legislative election, 2012, the pro-Beijing camp won more than half of the geographical constituency seats respectively in Hong Kong Island, Kowloon West and New Territories West, narrowing the number of seats held in the geographical constituencies between pro-Beijing and pro-democrats to 17 seats and 18 seats respectively. The pro-Beijing camp retained control of the Legislative Council and the DAB remained the largest party with 13 seats in total. Since the late 2000s, the pro-Beijing camp has expanded its spectrum of support from pro-business elites and traditional leftists to those from a broader background. The former Secretary for Security Regina Ip, who was in charge of introducing the Basic Law Article 23 stood in the Hong Kong Island by-election in 2007 against the former Chief Secretary Anson Chan supported by the pro-democrats. Despite her defeat, she was able to be elected in the 2008 Legislative Council election, and formed the middle class and professional oriented New People's Party in 2011. Some pro-Beijing legal professionals who ran as independents, such as Priscilla Leung, Paul Tse and Junius Ho were elected to the Legislative Council in recent elections, which were seen receiving support from the Liaison Office, which was viewed growing influence in Hong Kong's domestic affairs. On the other hand, the FTU, which operated as the sister organisation of the DAB, began to run under its own banner, taking a more pro-labour and pro-grassroots stance as compared to the DAB's big-tent position. 2012 Chief Executive election and aftermath Two pro-Beijing candidates ran for the Chief Executive election in 2012, with the Chief Secretary Henry Tang and the Convenor of the Executive Council, Leung Chun-ying using scandals, dirty tactics and smears on each other. With fierce competition deeply dividing the pro-Beijing camp into the Tang camp and the Leung camp, Leung eventually won the election with the support of the Liaison Office. After the election, Beijing called for a reconciliation of the two camps. In late 2012, some pro-Leung advocacy groups with the allegations of Beijing's financial supports began to emerge such as Voice of Loving Hong Kong, Caring Hong Kong Power and Hong Kong Youth Care Association, which launched counter-protests against the pan-democrats. The Leung Chun-ying administration with its hardline stance on the growing movement for Hong Kong independence after the 2014 Umbrella Revolution was strongly criticised by the pro-democrats and some pro-Beijing moderates. James Tien, a keen supporter of Henry Tang in 2012 became a leading critic of Leung. He was stripped from his Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) office during the 2014 protests after he asked Leung to step down. In the 2015 District Council and 2016 Legislative Council elections, the pro-democrats and localists scored better-than expected victories over the pro-Beijing camp. In December 2016, Leung Chun-ying announced he would not seek re-election. The two top officials, Chief Secretary for Administration Carrie Lam and Financial Secretary John Tsang emerged as front runners in the 2017 Chief Executive election after Leung's announcement. Both resigned from their posts; while Lam's resignation was approved by the central government within days, Tsang's resignation was delayed for a month, which sparked the speculation that Tsang was not Beijing's favoured candidate. With the active lobbying by the Liaison Office, Lam received 580 nominations from the 1,194-member Election Committee, while Tsang struggled to get enough nominations from the pro-Beijing electors and had to rely on the pro-democracy camp. Lam went on to win the election with 777 votes, beating Tsang's 365 votes and retired judge Woo Kwok-hing's 21 votes. The pro-Beijing camp formed a united front in the 2018 Legislative Council by-election. It took two of the four vacancies left by the 2016 Legislative Council oath-taking controversy, by taking the Kowloon West geographical constituency and Architectural, Surveying, Planning and Landscape functional constituency from the pro-democrats and localists. Vincent Cheng of the DAB narrowly defeated Yiu Chung-yim who was disqualified from the Legislative Council in the oath-taking controversy, becoming the first pro-Beijing candidate to win in a single-member district election since the handover. Convenor Convenor of the pro-Beijing camp is also known as the "class monitor" by the local media. The convenor usually speaks on behalf of the camp, co-ordinates the camp on communication and voting (similar to whipping), and draws up the duty roster to avoid quorum not met. 7th Legislative Council: Martin Liao 6th Legislative Council: Martin Liao 5th Legislative Council: Ip Kwok-him (gave up power after chaotic voting on electoral reform) 5th Legislative Council and before: Tam Yiu-chung Political parties The Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong (DAB), is the largest pro-Beijing party founded by a group of traditional leftists in 1992 with sustainable grassroots support. The image of leftists has faded over time since its merger with the pro-business Hong Kong Progressive Alliance (HKPA) in 2005 and more young professionals take place in the party leadership. Business and Professionals Alliance for Hong Kong (BPA), is the leading party for the pro-business sector in the Legislative Council. Formed by Economic Synergy, a breakaway group from the Liberal Party, and Professional Forum , a parliamentary group with functional constituency legislators, it was established in 2012 and has become the second-largest force in the legislature. Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions (FTU), is the traditional leftist labour union which co-founded the DAB in 1992. It positions itself with a pro-labour and patriotic agenda and has been separated from the DAB and actively participated in elections under its own banner in recent years. Liberal Party, is the pro-business party formed in 1993 by a group of legislators who had been appointed by the British Governor and functional constituency members. It has a large support from the business sector and adopts an economic liberal and liberal conservative ideology. New People's Party, is a party founded by Regina Ip who caters at middle class and civil servant interests. Federation of Hong Kong and Kowloon Labour Unions, is a small labour union which has a seat in the legislature through the Labour functional constituency. New Century Forum, is a political group and think tank founded in 1999 which dedicates to middle class interests. The only representative of the group in the Legislative Council is convenor Ma Fung-kwok. Professional Power, many candidates were not challenged by any parties or independent politicians from the pro-Beijing camp in 2019 Hong Kong local elections. Prior to the polling day, there was a list widely circulated in LIHKG and Factcheck.io. The list claimed itself as a list of candidates endorsed by Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions. The list has included six candidates from the Professional Power. Evolution of parties Advocacy groups Following the election of CY Leung as Chief Executive of Hong Kong, public discontent manifested itself in the form of mass petitions, rallies and demonstrations, so much so that it seemed that a plurality of the Hong Kong public was anti-Leung. In late 2012 pro-Leung advocacy groups began to emerge such as Voice of Loving Hong Kong, Caring Hong Kong Power and Hong Kong Youth Care Association, the fact that all these groups feature the Chinese character for love in the names has led to these groups to be called the "love Hong Kong faction" (). The word love in this context is taken from the lexicon of political debate in mainland China, were the slogan "Love China, Love the Party", is seen as the basis of patriotism, and the demand that any future Chief Executive of Hong Kong must "Love China, Love Hong Kong" (). These supposedly grassroots organisations present themselves as being a spontaneous reaction to the excesses of the pan-democracy camp, as Hong Kong's silent majority who wish for a prosperous, harmonious society and who reject the "social violence" of the pan-democrats. Describing themselves as apolitical and independent of outside powers, these groups use various tactics to counter the pan-democrats, including counter rallies and marches in opposition to pan-democrat ones, counter petitions, and making accusations of campaign fund fraud and irregularities against pan-democrat politicians to the Independent Commission Against Corruption. They also make use of mass heckling at pan-democracy forums to silence debate. Outside commentators suspect that these groups are orchestrated by China's Liaison Office in Hong Kong pointing to a use of language that parrots Beijing's and an antipathy to Falun Gong which mirrors Beijing's own political line. Whether directly or not these organisations have received support from Beijing through the United Front Work Department, with employees of Chinese companies based in Hong Kong, being asked to sign petitions and attend rallies, and members of hometown societies being paid to do the same. During the 2014 Hong Kong protests, on mid-October 2014, the "love Hong Kong faction" took to wearing a blue ribbon as a counter to the protesters yellow one. It is alleged that it is the "love Hong Kong faction" that has organised counter protests and who attempted to charge through pan-democracy protesters in Causeway Bay. During the 2019–20 Hong Kong protests, Safeguard Hong Kong Alliance and Politihk Social Strategic have organised protests either in support of the government's extradition bill or the Hong Kong Police. Alleged Triad involvement During the 2012 Chief Executive election campaign, Leung's campaign officers were seen attending a dinner in Lau Fau Shan with Kwok Wing-hung, nicknamed “Shanghai Boy”, an alleged former leader of the local triad Wo Shing Wo. The content of the meeting remained unknown to the public. In a town hall meeting on 11 August 2013 in Tin Shui Wai, where Leung attended, some thug-like supporters of Leung allegedly provoked and beat up protesters. Leung Che-cheung, chairman of the New Territories Association of Societies (NTAS) and Legislative Council member of the Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong (DAB) who hosted the town hall meeting invited a group of triad-related individuals to a dinner party and called in supporters to support Leung prior to the meeting. Tang Sui-man, also known as "Four Eyes Man", representative of the villagers from Wang Toi Shan Ho Lik Pui Tsuen, Tsang Shu-wo, also known as "Tall Man Wo", chairman of Ping Shan Heung Rural Committee and a number of powerful triad related individuals were called into action. During the 2014 Hong Kong protests, the armed anti-Occupy protesters beat up Occupy protesters in the Mong Kok occupation site. The student protesters accused the government and the police of allowing gangs to attack them as there was no uniformed police in the scene during the event. Democratic Party legislator James To also accused that "the [Hong Kong] government has used organised, orchestrated forces and even triad gangs in [an] attempt to disperse citizens." During the 2019 Hong Kong protests, a mob of over 100 armed men dressed in white indiscriminately attacked civilians on the streets and passengers in the Yuen Long MTR station on 21 July including the elderly, children, black-clad protesters, journalists and lawmakers. At least 45 people were injured in the incident, including a pregnant woman. Pro-Beijing legislator Junius Ho was seen in various videos posted online greeting the white-clothed group of assailants, shaking their hands and calling the suspected gangsters "heroes", giving them thumbs-up and saying to them "thank you for your hard work." At least one of the white-clothed men who shook hands with Ho has been shown to have been inside Yuen Long Station during the attacks. Electoral performance Chief Executive elections Legislative Council elections District Council elections See also Liaison Office (Hong Kong) Pro-Beijing camp (Macau) References Political party alliances in Hong Kong Politics of Hong Kong
This is a list of programs currently broadcast or will air soon or formerly aired on VH1. Current Acquired programming 48 Hours Cheaters The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air The Jamie Foxx Show Living Single Martin Former Scripted programming Single Ladies Hit The Floor Hindsight The Breaks Daytime Divas Strange Frequency Acquired programming 8-Track Flashback America's Next Top Model American Bandstand Armed & Famous Bands on the Run Beauty and the Geek Beavis and Butt-Head Behind the Music Black to the Future Bridal Bootcamp Bye Felicia Can't Get a Date Celebrity Eye Candy Chappelle's Show The Cher Show The Cho Show The Cleveland Show Click! Confessions of a Teen Idol Cover Wars Dance Cam Slam Darcy's Music Don't Forget the Lyrics Driven Entertainment Tonight Eve The Fabulous Life of... Free Radio Gene Simmons' Rock School Girlfriends The Great Debate The Greatest... Happy Endings Hard Rock Live Hip Hop Honors Hollywood Snappers Hot Grits I Know My Kid's a Star I Love the 2000s I Love the '70s I Love the '70s: Volume 2 I Love the '80s I Love the '80s 3-D I Love the '80s Strikes Back I Love the '90s I Love the '90s: Part Deux I Love the Holidays I Love the New Millennium I Love Toys In Living Color In Search of The Partridge Family The Jackson 5ive John Mayer Has a TV Show Jump Start Kept Key & Peele LeAnn & Eddie Legends The List Lords of the Revolution Love Monkey Luke's Parental Advisory Make or Break: The Linda Perry Project Making Mr. Right Mario Lopez: Saved by the Baby Masters of the Mix Matzo and Metal Maxim Hot 100 Miami Vice The Midnight Special The Mindy Project Model Employee Money Hungry Most Awesomely Bad My Antonio My Big Friggin' Wedding My Generation My Wife and Kids My VH1 Music Awards Name That Video Never Mind the Buzzcocks New Girl Nocturnal State Off Pitch Old Skool with Terry and Gita The Partridge Family (remake) Really Rich Real Estate Red Hot Red Carpet Redlight, Greenlight The Ren & Stimpy Show Retrosexual: The '80s Rock & Roll Jeopardy! Rock Bodies Rock Honors Rotten TV Rumor Has It RuPaul's Drag Race Saddle Ranch Saturday Night Live Saved by the Bell Scream Queens Sex Rehab with Dr. Drew The Shot Sister, Sister Sober House Solid Gold Sorority Sisters SoundClash South of Sunset Stand-Up Spotlight Strange Love Strip Search Suave Says Supergroup Surviving Nugent That '70s Show The Neighborhood The Surreal Life The T.O. Show The Wayans Bros. This Is Hot 97 Tiny & Shekinah's Weave Trip Ton of Cash Tool Academy Totally Awesome Totally Gay! Totally Obsessed Tough Love Trapped in the Closet TV's Illest Minority Moments Undatable VH1 All Access VH1 Dance Machine VH1 Divas VH1 Goes Inside... VH1 Storytellers VH1 Top 20 Video Countdown VH1 Unplugged VH1 Video Music Awards Vibe Awards Web Junk 20 Wedding Wars The Wendy Williams Experience When __ Ruled the World The X-Life Ultimate Albums References VH1
Nathalie Marie Andrée Baye (; born 6 July 1948) is a French film, television and stage actress. She began her career in 1970 and has appeared in more than 80 films. A ten-time César Award nominee, her four wins were for Every Man for Himself (1980), Strange Affair (1981), La Balance (1982), and The Young Lieutenant (2005). In 2009, she was made a Chevalier of the Legion of Honour. Her other films include Day for Night (1973), Catch Me If You Can (2002), Tell No One (2006) and The Assistant (2015). Early life Baye was born in Mainneville, Eure, Normandy, to Claude Baye and Denise Coustet, two painters. At 14, she joined a school of dance in Monaco. Three years later she went to the United States. On returning to France she continued with dance but also registered for the Simon Course and was admitted to the Conservatoire, from where she graduated in 1972 with a second prize in comedy, dramatic comedy and foreign theatre. Career Her second cinema appearance was in Two People (1973) directed by Robert Wise. She became better known as the script girl in Day for Night (La Nuit américaine, 1973) by François Truffaut. Throughout the 1970s, she played the good girlfriend or nice provincial girl in film and television. She won her first César, as best supporting artist, for Every Man for Himself (Sauve qui peut (la vie), 1980) directed by Jean-Luc Godard. There then followed The Return of Martin Guerre (Le Retour de Martin Guerre, 1982) and La Balance (also 1982). Baye won two more César Awards, Best Supporting Actress, for Strange Affair (Une étrange affaire, 1981), and Best Actress for La Balance, 1982). Her four-year relationship with Johnny Hallyday made them a celebrity couple and their daughter is Laura Smet, now an actress. After changing her image by playing a streetwalker in La Balance, she widened her scope with more obscure characters in J'ai épousé une ombre (1983) and En toute innocence (1988). In 1986, she returned to the theatre with an interpretation of Adriana Monti. In 1999, she was voted Best Supporting Actress at Venice Film Festival for Une liaison pornographique and starred in Vénus Beauté (Institut) (2000) by Tonie Marshall which won multiple César Awards including Best Film. She has worked with Claude Chabrol and Steven Spielberg. Filmography Awards and nominations References External links 1948 births Living people 20th-century French actresses 21st-century French actresses French National Academy of Dramatic Arts alumni French film actresses French stage actresses French television actresses Best Actress César Award winners Best Supporting Actress César Award winners Knights of the Legion of Honour Magritte Award winners Volpi Cup for Best Actress winners People from Eure
In economics, goods are items that satisfy human wants and provide utility, for example, to a consumer making a purchase of a satisfying product. A common distinction is made between goods which are transferable, and services, which are not transferable. A good is an "economic good" if it is useful to people but scarce in relation to its demand so that human effort is required to obtain it. In contrast, free goods, such as air, are naturally in abundant supply and need no conscious effort to obtain them. Private goods are things owned by people, such as televisions, living room furniture, wallets, cellular telephones, almost anything owned or used on a daily basis that is not food-related. A consumer good or "final good" is any item that is ultimately consumed, rather than used in the production of another good. For example, a microwave oven or a bicycle that is sold to a consumer is a final good or consumer good, but the components that are sold to be used in those goods are intermediate goods. For example, textiles or transistors can be used to make some further goods. Commercial goods are construed as tangible products that are manufactured and then made available for supply to be used in an industry of commerce. Commercial goods could be tractors, commercial vehicles, mobile structures, airplanes, and even roofing materials. Commercial and personal goods as categories are very broad and cover almost everything a person sees from the time they wake up in their home, on their commute to work to their arrival at the workplace. Commodities may be used as a synonym for economic goods but often refer to marketable raw materials and primary products. Although common goods are tangible, certain classes of goods, such as information, only take intangible forms. For example, among other goods an apple is a tangible object, while news belongs to an intangible class of goods and can be perceived only by means of an instrument such as printers or television. Utility and characteristics of goods Goods may increase or decrease their utility directly or indirectly and may be described as having marginal utility. Some things are useful, but not scarce enough to have monetary value, such as the Earth's atmosphere, these are referred to as 'free goods'. In normal parlance, "goods" is always a plural word, but economists have long termed a single item of goods "a good". In economics, a bad is the opposite of a good. Ultimately, whether an object is a good or a bad depends on each individual consumer and therefore, not all goods are goods to all people. Types of goods Goods' diversity allows for their classification into different categories based on distinctive characteristics, such as tangibility and (ordinal) relative elasticity. A tangible good like an apple differs from an intangible good like information due to the impossibility of a person to physically hold the latter, whereas the former occupies physical space. Intangible goods differ from services in that final (intangible) goods are transferable and can be traded, whereas a service cannot. Price elasticity also differentiates types of goods. An elastic good is one for which there is a relatively large change in quantity due to a relatively small change in price, and therefore is likely to be part of a family of substitute goods; for example, as pen prices rise, consumers might buy more pencils instead. An inelastic good is one for which there are few or no substitutes, such as tickets to major sporting events, original works by famous artists, and prescription medicine such as insulin. Complementary goods are generally more inelastic than goods in a family of substitutes. For example, if a rise in the price of beef results in a decrease in the quantity of beef demanded, it is likely that the quantity of hamburger buns demanded will also drop, despite no change in buns' prices. This is because hamburger buns and beef (in Western culture) are complementary goods. Goods considered complements or substitutes are relative associations and should not be understood in a vacuum. The degree to which a good is a substitute or a complement depends on its relationship to other goods, rather than an intrinsic characteristic, and can be measured as cross elasticity of demand by employing statistical techniques such as covariance and correlation. Goods classified by exclusivity and competitiveness Fourfold model of goods Goods can be classified based on their degree of excludability and rivalry (competitiveness). Considering excludability can be measured on a continuous scale, some goods would not be able to fall into one of the four common categories used. There are four types of goods based on the characteristics of rival in consumption and excludability: Public Goods, Private Goods, Common Resources, and Club Goods. These four types plus examples for anti-rivalry appear in the accompanying table. Public goods Goods that are both non-rival and non-excludable are called public goods. In many cases, renewable resources, such as land, are common commodities but some of them are contained in public goods. Public goods are non-exclusive and non-competitive, meaning that individuals cannot be stopped from using them and anyone can consume this good without hindering the ability of others to consume them. Examples in addition to the ones in the matrix are national parks, or firework displays. It is generally accepted by mainstream economists that the market mechanism will under-provide public goods, so these goods have to be produced by other means, including government provision. Public goods can also suffer from the Free-Rider problem. Private goods Private goods are excludable goods, which prevent other consumers from consuming them. Private goods are also rivalrous because one good in private ownership cannot be used by someone else. That is to say, consuming some goods will deprive another consumer of the ability to consume the goods. Private goods are the most common type of goods. They include what you have to get from the store. For examples food, clothing, cars, parking spaces,etc. An individual who consumes an apple denies another individual from consuming the same one. It is excludable because consumption is only offered to those willing to pay the price. Common-pool resources Common-pool resources are rival in consumption and non-excludable. An example is that of fisheries, which harvest fish from a shared common resource pool of fish stock. Fish caught by one group of fishermen are no longer accessible to another group, thus being rivalrous. However, oftentimes, due to an absence of well-defined property rights, it is difficult to restrict access to fishermen who may overfish. Club goods Club goods are excludable but not rivalrous in the consumption. That is, not everyone can use the good, but when one individual has claim to use it, they do not reduce the amount or the ability for others to consume the good. By joining a specific club or organization we can obtain club goods; As a result, some people are excluded because they are not members. Examples in addition to the ones in the matrix are cable television, golf courses, and any merchandise provided to club members. A large television service provider would already have infrastructure in place which would allow for the addition of new customers without infringing on existing customers viewing abilities. This would also mean that marginal cost would be close to zero, which satisfies the criteria for a good to be considered non-rival. However, access to cable TV services is only available to consumers willing to pay the price, demonstrating the excludability aspect. Economists set these categories for these goods and their impact on consumers. The government is usually responsible for public goods and common goods, and enterprises are generally responsible for the production of private and club goods. But this pattern does not fit for all the goods as they can intermingle. History of the fourfold model of goods In 1977, Nobel winner Elinor Ostrom and her husband Vincent Ostrom proposed additional modifications to the existing classification of goods so to identify fundamental differences that affect the incentives facing individuals. Their definitions are presented on the matrix. Elinor Ostrom proposed additional modifications to the classification of goods to identify fundamental differences that affect the incentives facing individuals Replacing the term "rivalry of consumption" with "subtractability of use". Conceptualizing subtractability of use and excludability to vary from low to high rather than characterizing them as either present or absent. Overtly adding a very important fourth type of good—common-pool resources—that shares the attribute of subtractability with private goods and difficulty of exclusion with public goods. Forests, water systems, fisheries, and the global atmosphere are all common-pool resources of immense importance for the survival of humans on this earth. Changing the name of a "club" good to a "toll" good since goods that share these characteristics are provided by small scale public as well as private associations. Expansion of Fourfold model: Anti-rivalrous Consumption can be extended to include "Anti-rivalrous" consumption. Expansion of Fourfold model: Semi-Excludable The additional definition matrix shows the four common categories alongside providing some examples of fully excludable goods, Semi-excludable goods and fully non-excludeable goods. Semi-excludable goods can be considered goods or services that a mostly successful in excluding non-paying customer, but are still able to be consumed by non-paying consumers. An example of this is movies, books or video games that could be easily pirated and shared for free. Trading of goods Goods are capable of being physically delivered to a consumer. Goods that are economic intangibles can only be stored, delivered, and consumed by means of media. Goods, both tangibles and intangibles, may involve the transfer of product ownership to the consumer. Services do not normally involve transfer of ownership of the service itself, but may involve transfer of ownership of goods developed or marketed by a service provider in the course of the service. For example, sale of storage related goods, which could consist of storage sheds, storage containers, storage buildings as tangibles or storage supplies such as boxes, bubble wrap, tape, bags and the like which are consumables, or distributing electricity among consumers is a service provided by an electric utility company. This service can only be experienced through the consumption of electrical energy, which is available in a variety of voltages and, in this case, is the economic goods produced by the electric utility company. While the service (namely, distribution of electrical energy) is a process that remains in its entirety in the ownership of the electric service provider, the goods (namely, electric energy) is the object of ownership transfer. The consumer becomes an electric energy owner by purchase and may use it for any lawful purposes just like any other goods. See also Bad (economics) Commodification Fast-moving consumer goods Final goods Goods and services Intangible asset Intangible good List of economics topics Property Tangible property Service (economics) Notes References Bannock, Graham et al. (1997). Dictionary of Economics, Penguin Books. Milgate, Murray (1987), "goods and commodities," The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics, v. 2, pp. 546–48. Includes historical and contemporary uses of the terms in economics. Vuaridel, R. (1968). Une définition des biens économiques. (A definition of economic goods). L'Année sociologique (1940/1948-), 19, 133-170. Stable JStor URL: External links Utility Supply chain management Microeconomics
```java package com.brianway.learning.java.multithread.synchronize.example9; /** * Created by Brian on 2016/4/12. / public class MyObject1 extends MyObject { synchronized public void speedPrintString() { System.out.println("speedPrintString ____getLock time=" + System.currentTimeMillis() + " run ThreadName=" + Thread.currentThread().getName()); System.out.println("******************"); System.out.println("speedPrintString releaseLock time=" + System.currentTimeMillis() + " run ThreadName=" + Thread.currentThread().getName()); } } ```
On 17 May 2009, local elections were held in Zagreb, the capital of Croatia. The incumbent mayor was Milan Bandić (elected in 2005), a representative of the Social Democratic Party of Croatia (SDP), also the leading party in the previous city council. Bandić was reelected mayor in the second round of the elections with 61.84% of the votes. Mayor election First round Second round Assembly election See also 2009 Croatian local elections List of mayors in Croatia List of mayors of Zagreb References External links http://www.izbori.hr/2009Lokalni/rezultati/r_06_21_0021_000.html http://www.izbori.hr/2009Lokalni/rezultati/r_15_21_0021_000.html http://www.izbori.hr/2009Lokalni/rezultati2K/r_15_21_0021_000.html Zagreb 2009 Elections in Zagreb Zagreb Zagreb 2000s in Zagreb
Eduard Pendorf (18 October 1892 – 3 November 1958) was a German international footballer who played for VfB Leipzig. References External links 1892 births 1958 deaths Men's association football midfielders German men's footballers Germany men's international footballers 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig players Footballers from Bremerhaven
```smalltalk Class { #name : 'EFLiteralArrayExpressionTest', #superclass : 'EFTest', #category : 'EnlumineurFormatter-Tests', #package : 'EnlumineurFormatter-Tests' } { #category : 'configurations' } EFLiteralArrayExpressionTest >> basicConfiguration [ ^ self contextClass basicNew formatCommentCloseToStatements:false; numberOfSpacesInsideArray: 0; indentStyle: #tabulation; indentExtraSpaces: 0; maxLineLength: 70 ] { #category : 'configurations' } EFLiteralArrayExpressionTest >> oneSpaceConfiguration [ ^ self contextClass basicNew formatCommentCloseToStatements:false; numberOfSpacesInsideArray: 1; indentStyle: #tabulation; indentExtraSpaces: 0; maxLineLength: 70 ] { #category : 'tests' } EFLiteralArrayExpressionTest >> testBigArray [ \| source \| configurationSelector := #oneSpaceConfiguration. source := self formatExpression: '#( #( #expr0 #expr1 #expr2 #expr3 #expr4 #expr5 #expr6 #expr7 #expr8 #expr9 #expr10 #expr11 #expr12 #expr13 #expr14 #expr15 #expr16 #expr17 #expr18 #expr19 #expr20 #expr21 #expr22 #expr23 #expr24 ) #( #expr25 #expr26 #expr27 #expr28 #expr29 #expr30 #expr31 #expr32 #expr33 #expr34 #expr35 #expr36 #expr37 #expr38 #expr39 #expr40 #expr41 #expr42 #expr43 #expr44 #expr45 #expr46 #expr47 #expr48 #expr49 ) )'. self assert: source equals: '#( #( #expr0 #expr1 #expr2 #expr3 #expr4 #expr5 #expr6 #expr7 #expr8 #expr9 #expr10 #expr11 #expr12 #expr13 #expr14 #expr15 #expr16 #expr17 #expr18 #expr19 #expr20 #expr21 #expr22 #expr23 #expr24 ) #( #expr25 #expr26 #expr27 #expr28 #expr29 #expr30 #expr31 #expr32 #expr33 #expr34 #expr35 #expr36 #expr37 #expr38 #expr39 #expr40 #expr41 #expr42 #expr43 #expr44 #expr45 #expr46 #expr47 #expr48 #expr49 ) )' ] { #category : 'tests' } EFLiteralArrayExpressionTest >> testBigArrayWithExtraSpaces [ \| source \| configurationSelector := #oneSpaceConfiguration. source := self formatExpression: '#( #( #expr0 #expr1 #expr2 #expr3 #expr4 #expr5 #expr6 #expr7 #expr8 #expr9 #expr10 #expr11 #expr12 #expr13 #expr14 #expr15 #expr16 #expr17 #expr18 #expr19 #expr20 #expr21 #expr22 #expr23 #expr24 ) #( #expr25 #expr26 #expr27 #expr28 #expr29 #expr30 #expr31 #expr32 #expr33 #expr34 #expr35 #expr36 #expr37 #expr38 #expr39 #expr40 #expr41 #expr42 #expr43 #expr44 #expr45 #expr46 #expr47 #expr48 #expr49 ) )'. self assert: source equals: '#( #( #expr0 #expr1 #expr2 #expr3 #expr4 #expr5 #expr6 #expr7 #expr8 #expr9 #expr10 #expr11 #expr12 #expr13 #expr14 #expr15 #expr16 #expr17 #expr18 #expr19 #expr20 #expr21 #expr22 #expr23 #expr24 ) #( #expr25 #expr26 #expr27 #expr28 #expr29 #expr30 #expr31 #expr32 #expr33 #expr34 #expr35 #expr36 #expr37 #expr38 #expr39 #expr40 #expr41 #expr42 #expr43 #expr44 #expr45 #expr46 #expr47 #expr48 #expr49 ) )' ] { #category : 'tests' } EFLiteralArrayExpressionTest >> testByteArrayParenthesis [ \| source \| configurationSelector := #basicConfiguration. source := self formatExpression: '#[1 2 3]'. self assert: source equals: '#[1 2 3]' ] { #category : 'tests' } EFLiteralArrayExpressionTest >> testNoExtraSpaceArroundParenthesis [ \| source \| configurationSelector := #basicConfiguration. source := self formatExpression: '#( 1 2 3 ) '. self assert: source equals: '#(1 2 3)' ] { #category : 'tests' } EFLiteralArrayExpressionTest >> testNoExtraSpaceArroundParenthesis2 [ \| source \| configurationSelector := #basicConfiguration. source := self formatExpression: '#[ 1 2 3 ] '. self assert: source equals: '#[1 2 3]' ] { #category : 'tests' } EFLiteralArrayExpressionTest >> testNoExtraSpaceBetweenValue [ \| source \| configurationSelector := #basicConfiguration. source := self formatExpression: '#(1 2 3)'. self assert: source equals: '#(1 2 3)' ] { #category : 'tests' } EFLiteralArrayExpressionTest >> testNoExtraSpaceBetweenValue2 [ \| source \| configurationSelector := #basicConfiguration. source := self formatExpression: '#[1 2 3]'. self assert: source equals: '#[1 2 3]' ] { #category : 'tests' } EFLiteralArrayExpressionTest >> testOneSpaceInsideArray [ \| source \| configurationSelector := #oneSpaceConfiguration. source := self formatExpression: '#(1 2 3)'. self assert: source equals: '#( 1 2 3 )' ] { #category : 'tests' } EFLiteralArrayExpressionTest >> testTwoSpacesInsideArray [ \| source \| configurationSelector := #twoSpacesConfiguration. source := self formatExpression: '#(1 2 3)'. self assert: source equals: '#( 1 2 3 )' ] { #category : 'configurations' } EFLiteralArrayExpressionTest >> twoSpacesConfiguration [ ^ self contextClass basicNew formatCommentCloseToStatements:false; numberOfSpacesInsideArray: 2; indentStyle: #tabulation; indentExtraSpaces: 0; maxLineLength: 70 ] ```
Peterson Creek is a river in the Lake Ontario and Cataraqui River drainage basins in South Frontenac, Frontenac County and Rideau Lakes, Leeds and Grenville United Counties in eastern Ontario, Canada. It flows from Upper Peterson Lake to its mouth at Hart Lake. Course Peterson Creek begins at Upper Peterson Lake in South Frontenac township at an elevation of about north of the community of Keelerville. It flows northeast through Lower Peterson Lake to Gamble Bay on Crow Lake. The creek continues northeast through the lake into Rideau Lakes township and exits the lake at the north end at Ormonds Bay. It then flows southwest, re-enters South Frontenac township, and reaches its mouth at the north centre of Hart Lake at an elevation of , about southwest of the community of Jones Falls. Hart Lake drains through two outlets, each of which eventually empty into the Cataraqui River, which flows to Lake Ontario at the city of Kingston. See also List of rivers of Ontario References Rivers of Frontenac County Rivers of Leeds and Grenville United Counties
Martyn Ashton (born 2 December 1974) is a former British and World Champion mountain bike trials rider, stunt rider and team manager. He had been riding professional trials since 1993, and has been described as a mountain biking legend, and credited with turning trials riding into one of the fast-growing areas of the sport of mountain biking. Ashton was paralysed in an accident in 2013, during a bike trials demo at the British Moto GP. Biography Martyn Ashton is a retired trials and stunt cyclist who started-out as a child motorcycle trials rider but took-up mountain bike trials in the early 1990s. He is a four-time British Biketrial Champion and former World Expert Biketrial Champion, and the Guinness World Record Holder for the Mountain Bike High Jump. In 2008 he entered the Mountain Biking UK 'Hall of Fame'. Besides riding trials, Ashton has also designed exhibition stages and products for his own Ashton Bikes range. He has had extensive media coverage, and published his own Hop Idol column in the MBUK mountain biking magazine. In Ashton's 2012 viral YouTube video “Road Bike Party”, he rode a road bicycle in stunts typical of trials. A sequel video entitled "Road Bike Party 2" was released the following year and proved even more successful. Ashton first broke his back in 2003, when he compressed a vertebra and fractured it during a fall after misjudging a landing. He soon recovered and returned to riding. Ashton again broke his back on 1 September 2013 when he fell from a 3-metre high bar during a demo at Moto GP, causing serious injuries to his spinal cord which left him paralysed. Since his accident, Ashton has continued his pursuit of the outdoors with customized all-terrain wheelchairs. He returned to mountain bike riding with a heavily customised bike, and in 2017 took part in the Crankworx Air DH in Whistler, British Columbia. Ashton currently lives in Port Talbot, Wales. References External links 2012 Interview 1974 births Living people Welsh male cyclists Mountain bike trials riders Sportspeople from Port Talbot People with paraplegia
Grazing pressure is defined as the number of grazing animals of a specified class (age, species, physiological status like pregnant) per unit weight of herbage (herbage biomass). It is well established in general usage. Definition Grazing pressure is the demand for feed from herbivores and detritivores within an environment compared to the amount available for consumption. This could come from domestic animals, such as goats and cattle; feral animals, such as rabbits; and wild animals, such as insects, rodents, kangaroos, water buffalo, or moose. Even some microbes are grazers. Total grazing pressure is the ratio of the demand for forage and the supply of forage available. Demand can come from both livestock and native or feral animals. Grassland ecosystems in particular have evolved in the presence of grazing from large herbivores and are well-adapted to it. Livestock grazing pressure Grazing pressure due to livestock can be regulated and controlled more easily compared to that from native and feral animals. Rather than use open fields for grazing among domestic animals, cereal pastures may be used as an alternative. This reduces the grazing pressure on local shrublands. In areas of the Mediterranean, both mature goats and their kids were found to affect local shrubbery. Older goats spent about a third of their time grazing in the shrubs, while their young spent at least half their time. The amount of time spent in each type of grazing are also correlated with the genotype of the goat. While the goats were found in the pastures a majority of the time, their grazing patterns still affected local wildlife and shrub growth. Grazing pressure is not only a problem regarding natural grasslands and shrubbery. In northwestern Europe, the rising goose population has caused an increase in grazing pressure on agricultural lands. Within the environment On land Disturbance of plant life caused by the grazing of large herbivores can be an important determinant of plant community structure. The composition of plant and animal species can be affected by grazing pressure in some environments, in others, the environmental characteristics of the site, including weather and climate, may be more important. Grazing affects plant communities directly through physical removal of plant parts. It can also affect plant communities indirectly by modulation of ecosystem productivity or by changing the pattern of nutrient partitioning of nutrients among different sizes of plants. Thus, grazing can change the population size, diversity and distribution of organisms in an ecosystem. Grazing pressure also influences plant species performance and plant ecological stoichiometry. For instance, plant functional composition of tundra is primary structured by grazing pressure. Some studies suggest grazing may be beneficial in nutrient-rich conditions and harmful in habitats poor in nutrients. In other cases grazing will not affect ecosystems whatsoever. For instance, in the Mongolian rain forest, Cheng et al. have found that grazing pressure plays a highly, positive important role in species richness in the wetter steppe of the rain forest. The same research has found that in the dryer, desert ecosystem grazing pressure did not affect species richness significantly. Introductions of new types of grazing pressure can change ecosystems if the plants are not adapted to it. In a study performed by Saccone et al., when experimenting with biodiversity in the Fennoscandia tundra, they found that there was an increase in species richness associated with decrease of shrub cover. It was shown that in the Fennoscandia tundra grazing is an important and efficient biotic filter restricting the spread of dwarf shrubs to mountain tundra snowbeds. In other words, because of grazing and fewer shrubs, there was more biodiversity among the species. There are mechanisms that plants use to defend themselves against the grazing pressure of herbivores. Carbon-based secondary metabolites inhibit digestion in herbivores. Tough leaves provide physical defense against herbivores. On the other hand, other features of plants may make them more susceptible to herbivores. For example, leaves that are high in nitrogen have a higher dietary value for herbivores. Also, taller plants and forbs are often more sensitive to grazing, while shorter herbs can avoid the grazing by being overlooked by the grazing animals. In water In the ocean, grazing pressure tends to increase with decreasing latitude. Many aquatic herbivores graze on phytoplankton: algae that float on the surface of the ocean or are suspended in the water column. With phytoplankton being the main primary producers, grazing on it is the dominant form of grazing in ocean ecosystems. Other form of grazing include grazing on macroalgae anchored at the bottom (kelp) and benthic (bottom dwelling) algae. As a result of the grazing pressure, algae has to divert their energy away from growth and put into repair and the production of chemical defenses against the herbivores. This also means diverting their energy from reproduction. Therefore, the growth of algae in the ocean often depends on herbivores. Furthermore, the eating of algae by animals is not only affecting the algae, but also the ocean community as a whole. As the grazing may limit algae growth and amount of energy transferred to other trophic levels being consumed, the photosynthetic is lost and the ability to fix carbon reduces and diminishes overall growth. Kelp in coastal water shelters the water column from UV radiation and protects the coasts from waves and storms. Grazing pressure can decrease this protection and shelter. For example, the kelp Macrocytis pyrifera may grow up to 40m. The basal parts of this kelp body are shaded by the surface canopies and are therefore protected, and the undifferentiated cell tissue is exposed to surface levels of UV radiation. Grazing can detach parts of the kelp and the entire reproducing part of the algae in the Macrocytis pyifera becomes suddenly exposed to surface levels of UV radiation. In a study produced by Rothausler et al., kelps that were not exposed to UV radiation were consumed more by grazers than those kelps that were exposed to UV radiation. On a microbial level While grazing pressure is more commonly thought in larger herbivores such as cattle, geese, and goats, it is also found within bacterium and on a more microbial level. Leaf-litter colonizing bacteria are a type of bacterium that have been studied regarding grazing pressure on a smaller scale. While it seems that grazing pressure in such a localized environment would not have any large effects, one study found the opposite. Conducted in 2014, researchers found that when they added nitrogen and phosphorus, as well as increased the temperature, it increased the density of the bacteria within a freshwater environment. While this was a controlled experiment, there are real life consequences that should be considered as global warming becomes a greater issue. If the populations of bacteria increase enough then it is possible that the grazing pressure will reach a detrimental level. Once it reaches this peak, the bacteria will have depleted their food resources and may perhaps cause a collapse within the environmental food chain in that area. Another negative effect caused by grazing pressure was found in mangrove forest soils. Sulfate, which is used in the oxidation of organic matter, is dependent on the surplus of carbon left by aerobic organisms due to oxygen depletion. When a mix of tidal exposure and camel grazing pressure were placed on the habitat, there was a decrease in primary production, which in turn affected sulfate-cycling. A decrease in sulfate-cycling could cause the trees in the forest to slow down their oxidation process. Mitigation The native kangaroo population in Australia is kept under control by hunters. This helps to contain the grazing pressure level while turning a profit for locals. Hunters must abide by a quota set by the Australian federal government. Kangaroo hunting is an effective control method in open areas but are less effective in dense areas where human accessibility is limited. While effective in the native kangaroo population, shooting is not effective within the goat population where herds are much larger. Instead, large herds are mustered together by a plane or trapped. Trapping is illegal within the kangaroo population. Another method of population control is limiting the water in the area. Australian governments have been known to cap bores or troughs in order to get feral kangaroos or goats to move on. Some farmers have created kangaroo-proof fences with swing or trap gates that allows cattle and sheep in but keeps other animals out. These fences protect water sources and pastures, forcing kangaroos to move on elsewhere for resources. One problem with this method of reducing grazing pressure in one area, is simply pushing the problem on neighboring pastures and croplands. In other areas of the world, such as Europe, where rising goose levels are becoming a problem for local agricultural pastures, other ideas have been contemplated. It was proposed that by managing nature reserves in the area, this might help decrease the negative effect of grazing pressure on farmland. By increasing the number of geese that can make use of the native flora on the reserves, this will cut costs for the crops lost to geese grazing on farmlands. References Vallentine, J.F. 2001. Grazing Management, 2nd ed. Academic Press. pp. 383–384. Herbivory
Peter Tkachev may refer to: Pyotr Tkachev (1844–1886), Russian writer, critic and revolutionary theorist Peter Andreevich Tkachev, Russian weapons engineer
```html <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <link rel="stylesheet" href="path_to_url" integrity="sha256-wLz3iY/cO4e6vKZ4zRmo4+9XDpMcgKOvv/zEU3OMlRo=" crossorigin="anonymous"> <title>Safety Check Report</title> </head> <body> <div class="container"> {% if announcements\|length > 0 %} <div class="row justify-content-center"> <div class="col-12"> <div class="card my-3"> <div class="card-body"> <h3 class="card-title">Announcements</h3> <ul class="list-group list-group-flush"> {% for announcement in announcements %} {% set color = "#DC3545" if announcement.type == "error" else "#8B4000" if announcement.type == "warning" else "#6C757D" %} <li class="list-group-item p-0" style="color: {{ color }}">{{ announcement.message }}</li> {% endfor %} </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> {% endif %} <h1 class="text-center mb-3 mt-5">Safety Scan Report</h1> <div class="row justify-content-center"> <div class="col-12"> <div class="card my-2"> <div class="card-body"> <h4 class="card-title mb-3">Scan Summary</h4> <div class="row text-center"> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="card bg-secondary bg-opacity-25 text-black"> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text">Packages Found (<a href="#scanned-packages">details ↓</a>)</p> <h5 class="card-title fs-3">{{ summary.scanned_packages }}</h5> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="card {{ 'bg-danger' if summary.vulnerabilities > 0 else 'bg-success' }} bg-opacity-25 text-black"> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text">Vulnerabilities Reported (<a href="#vulnerabilities-found">details ↓</a>)</p> <h5 class="card-title fs-3">{{ summary.vulnerabilities }}</h5> {% if summary.ignored_vulnerabilities > 0 %} <p>Found vulnerabilities that were ignored: {{ summary.ignored_vulnerabilities }}</p> {% endif %} </div> </div> </div> {% if summary.remediations_recommended > 0 %} <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="card bg-success bg-opacity-25 text-black"> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text">Remediations Suggested (<a href="#remediations-suggested">details ↓</a>)</p> <h5 class="card-title fs-3">{{ summary.remediations_recommended }}</h5> </div> </div> </div> {% endif %} </div> <div class="mt-3 card bg-secondary bg-opacity-10"> <div class="card-body fs-sm"> <h5 class="mb-2">Meta-data</h5> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6"> <p class="my-1"><span class="fw-bold">Time</span>: {{report.metadata.timestamp}}</p> <p class="my-1"><span class="fw-bold">Safety version</span>: {{report.metadata.telemetry.safety_version}}</p> <p class="my-1"> {% if report.metadata.authenticated %} <span class="fw-bold">{{report.metadata.authentication_type\|title}} authentication using the Safety's proprietary vulnerability database</span> {% else %} <span class="fw-bold">No authenticated using the Safety's free vulnerability database</span> {% endif %} </p> <p class="my-1"> <span class="fw-bold">Configuration file: </span> {% if project and project.policy %} {{ project.policy.id }} (source: {{project.policy.source.value\|title}}) {% else %} None {% endif%} </p> {% if settings.audit_and_monitor %} <p class="my-1"><span class="fw-bold">Audit and monitor: </span>Enabled. Logging scan results to <a href="{{ settings.platform_url }}">Safety Platform →</a></p> {% endif %} </div> <div class="col-md-6"> <p class="my-1"><span class="fw-bold">Scan ecosystems</span>:</p> <ul> {% for ecosystem, file_types in settings.ecosystems %} <li><span class="fw-bold">{{ ecosystem }}</span>: {{file_types \| join (', ')}}</li> {% endfor %} </ul> <p class="my-1"><span class="fw-bold">Scan paths</span>: <br/></p> <ul> {% for location in report.metadata.scan_locations %} <li>{{location}}</li> {% endfor %} </ul> {% if project and project.git %} <p class="my-1"><span class="fw-bold">Scan git context</span></p> <p class="my-1"><span class="fw-bold">   origin: </span> {{ project.git.origin }}</p> <p class="my-1"><span class="fw-bold">   branch: </span> {{ project.git.branch }}</p> {% endif %} </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> {% for file in project.files %} <div class="card mt-5"> <h2 class="mt-5 mb-3 px-4">{{ file.file_type.human_name() }}: <small class="text-muted">{{ file.location }}</small></h2> <div class="card-body"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12" id="scanned-packages"> <h4 class="mt-2 mb-3 px-2">Scanned Packages [ <a href="#scanned-packages">#</a> ]</h4> <div class="table-responsive"> <table class="table"> <thead> <tr> <th>Package name</th> <th>Found requirements</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> {% for dependency in file.results.dependencies %} <tr> <td>{{dependency.name}}</td> <td> <ul> {% for spec in dependency.specifications %} <li>{{ spec }}</li> {% endfor %} </ul> </td> </tr> {% endfor %} </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12" id="vulnerabilities-found"> <h4 class="mt-2 mb-3 px-2">Vulnerabilities Reported [ <a href="#vulnerabilities-found">#</a> ]</h4> {% if vulns_per_file[file.location] > 0 %} <div class="table-responsive"> <table class="table"> <thead> <tr> <th>Vulnerability ID</th> <th>Package name</th> <th>Analyzed requirement</th> <th>Vulnerable spec</th> <th>All vulnerable specs</th> <th>Advisory</th> <th>Published date</th> <th>CVE</th> <th>severity</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> {% for dependency in file.results.dependencies %} {% for spec in dependency.specifications %} {% for vulnerability in spec.vulnerabilities %} <tr> <td><a href="{{ vulnerability.more_info_url }}" target="_blank">{{ vulnerability.vulnerability_id }}</a></td> <td>{{vulnerability.package_name}}</td> <td>{{vulnerability.analyzed_requirement}}</td> <td>{{vulnerability.vulnerable_spec}}</td> <td>{{vulnerability.all_vulnerable_specs}}</td> <td>{{vulnerability.advisory}}</td> <td>{{vulnerability.published_date}}</td> <td>{% if vulnerability.CVE %}{{vulnerability.CVE.name}}{% else %}No CVE{% endif %}</td> <td> {% if not report.metadata.authenticated and not vulnerability.severity %} Use a Safety account (<a href="#use-api-key">?</a>) {% else %} {{vulnerability.severity}} {% endif %} </td> </tr> {% endfor %} {% endfor %} {% endfor %} </tbody> </table> </div> {% else %} <p class="mx-2"> No known security vulnerabilities were found. {% if not report.metadata.authenticated %} Vulnerabilities may be missing. For comprehensive vulnerability scanning, <a href="#use-api-key">use a Safety account</a> {% endif %} </p> {% endif %} </div> </div> {% if file.results.ignored_vulns_data\|length > 0 %} <div class="row"> <div class="col-12" id="vulnerabilities-ignored"> <h4 class="mt-4 mb-3 px-2">Vulnerabilities ignored [ <a href="#vulnerabilities-ignored">#</a> ]</h4> <div class="table-responsive"> <table class="table"> <thead> <tr> <th>Vulnerability ID</th> <th>Package name</th> <th>Version/Spec</th> <th>Notes</th> <th>Expires</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> {% for vuln_id, data in file.results.ignored_vulns_data.items() %} <tr> <td><a href="{{ data.more_info_url }}" target="_blank">{{ data.vulnerability_id }}</a></td> <td>{{ data.package_name }}</td> <td> {% if data.analyzed_version %} {{ data.analyzed_version }} {% else %} {{ data.analyzed_requirement }} {% endif %} </td> <td>{{data.ignored_reason\|default("-", true)}}</td> <td>{{data.ignored_expires\|default("-", true)}}</td> </tr> {% endfor %} </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> {% endif %} {% if vulns_per_file[file.location] > 0 %} <div class="row"> <div class="col-12" id="affectied-packages"> <h4 class="mt-2 mb-2 px-2">Affected Packages [ <a href="#affectied-packages">#</a> ]</h4> <div class="table-responsive"> <table class="table"> <thead> <tr> <th>Package name</th> <th>Version/Requirements</th> <th>Location</th> <th>Insecure versions</th> <th>Latest version without known vulnerabilities</th> <th>More info</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> {% for affected_dep in file.results.get_affected_dependencies() %} <tr> <td>{{affected_dep.name}}</td> <td> {% if affected_dep.version %} {{ affected_dep.version }} {% else %} <ul> {% for spec in affected_dep.specifications %} <li>{{ spec }}</li> {% endfor %} </ul> {% endif %} </td> <td style="max-width: 150px;"> <ul class="ps-3"> {% for spec in affected_dep.specifications %} <li style="word-wrap: break-word;">{{ spec.found }}</li> {% endfor %} </ul> </td> <td>{{affected_dep.insecure_versions}}</td> <td>{{affected_dep.latest_version_without_known_vulnerabilities}}</td> <td> <a class="btn btn-primary" href="{{affected_dep.more_info_url}}" target="_blank">More Info</a> </td> </tr> {% endfor %} </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> {% endif %} {% if vulns_per_file[file.location] > 0 %} <div class="row"> <div class="col-12" id="remediations-suggested"> <h4 class="mt-2 mb-3 px-2">Remediations suggested [ <a href="#remediations-suggested">#</a> ]</h4> {% if remed_per_file[file.location] > 0 %} <div class="table-responsive"> <table class="table"> <thead> <tr> <th>Package name</th> <th>Version/Requirement</th> <th>Vulnerabilities reported</th> <th>Recommended versions</th> <th>Other recommended versions</th> <th>More info</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> {% for affected_spec in file.results.get_affected_specifications() %} {% with remediation = affected_spec.remediation %} <tr> <td> {{ affected_spec.name }} </td> <td> {{ affected_spec.specifier }} </td> <td> {{ remediation.vulnerabilities_found }} </td> <td> {% if not report.metadata.authenticated and not remediation.recommended %} Use an account or API key (<a href="#use-api-key">?</a>) {% else %} {{ remediation.recommended }} {% endif %} </td> <td> {% if not report.metadata.authenticated and remediation.other_recommended\|length==0 %} Use an account or API key (<a href="#use-api-key">?</a>) {% else %} {{ remediation.other_recommended }} {% endif %} </td> <td> {% if remediation.more_info_url %} <a href="{{ remediation.more_info_url }}" target="_blank">{{ remediation.more_info_url }}</a> {% else %} Use an account or API key (<a href="#use-api-key">?</a>) {% endif %} </td> </tr> {% endwith %} {% endfor %} </tbody> </table> </div> {% else %} <p>Use an account or API key to get remediation recommendations (<a href="#use-api-key">?</a>)</p> {% endif %} </div> </div> {% endif %} </div> </div> {% endfor %} {% if not report.metadata.authenticated %} <div class="card my-5"> <div class="card-body"> <div class="my-2" id="use-api-key"> <p class="mx-3"><span class="fw-bold">Use an account or API Key</span>: Running Safety using an account or API Key uses a more comprehensive commercial vulnerability database and adds other features such as remediation suggestions and enhanced vulnerability and package information. <a href="path_to_url">Learn more and get a free account or API Key</a></p> </div> </div> </div> {% endif %} <div class="my-5 text-center text-secondary fst-italic"> <p>Safety Scanner and vulnerability data proudly maintained by <a href="path_to_url" target="_blank">Safety Cybersecurity</a></p> </div> <div style="height:400px;">   </div> </div> </body> </html> ```
Guy L. Nesom (born August 2, 1945) is an American writer and botanist. Nesom received his Ph.D. in systematic botany from the University of North Carolina in 1980, and has since contributed much to the fields of botanical nomenclature, systematics, and evolution. His most notable contributions are probably his works on the Asteraceae of North America, with several papers published throughout the 1990s that argued for multiple generic names to replace the single polyphyletic name Aster, and his recent and ongoing contributions to the Flora of North America project. Several plant species have been named for Nesom, such as Zeltnera nesomii of the gentian family and Steviopsis nesomii of the aster family. Three genera are named in his honor: Nesomia, Neonesomia, and Guynesomia. Footnotes External links 1945 births American botanical writers American male non-fiction writers Living people University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill alumni 21st-century American botanists
Sergey Martynov (30 April 1971 – 1997) was a Russian wrestler who competed in the 1992 Summer Olympics and in the 1996 Summer Olympics. References 1971 births 1997 deaths Olympic wrestlers for the Unified Team Olympic wrestlers for Russia Wrestlers at the 1992 Summer Olympics Wrestlers at the 1996 Summer Olympics Russian male sport wrestlers Olympic silver medalists for the Unified Team Olympic medalists in wrestling Medalists at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Saint Raphael's Cathedral is the cathedral and a parish for the Roman Catholic Diocese of Madison and was located in downtown Madison, Wisconsin at 222 West Main Street. In March 2005, the Cathedral building located at 204 West Main Street was heavily damaged in a fire and was demolished. The parish community remains active, and hopes to rebuild the cathedral. As of October 2015, no plans had been announced for the rebuilding. In late 2012, the diocese constructed a park on the site, called Cathedral Square or Cathedral Place featuring a Way of the Cross. History In the early 1840s, immigrants from Ireland settled in what would later become Madison. They were soon organized into a parish named after the Archangel Raphael. On August 15, 1842, Father Martin Kundig offered Mass for the first time in the old territorial capitol building. Governor James Duane Doty, a close friend of Father Samuel Mazzuchelli donated the land upon which the parish buildings and a later parking lot would be built. From 1842 until 1853, the parish did not have a church and often celebrated Mass in homes and in the state capitol. The first frame church building was constructed in 1848. It measured , but was sufficient size for the congregation at that time. In 1853, Father Francis Etchmann began constructing the most recent church building. The cornerstone was laid on May 28, 1854 by Bishop John Henni of the Diocese of Milwaukee. He dedicated the new building because the parish was under his jurisdiction at the time. The spire and bells were added in 1885. A rectory was added in 1897, and a new school building was dedicated in 1911. On January 9, 1946, Pope Pius XII created the Diocese of Madison for an 11-county area in the southwestern part of the state. Territory was taken from the Archdiocese of Milwaukee and the Diocese of La Crosse to form the new diocese. St. Raphael's was then chosen as the Cathedral church for the Madison diocese. At the time of the parish's elevation to a cathedral, Msgr. William Mahoney was the pastor. Bishop William O’Connor was installed in St. Raphael's as the first Bishop of Madison on March 12, 1946. In October 1952 plans were announced to renovate St. Raphael's to better function as a cathedral. Construction began the following year. The Madison architecture firm John Flad & Associates and Rambusch Decorating Company of New York City were responsible for the plans. A basement was dug out below the church building and a parish hall, kitchen, cloakroom, and other facilities were created there. A new two-story sacristy connected the cathedral and the rectory. The old sacristies, altars, and the back wall were removed to create more liturgical space. A new marble altar with an oak canopy and a mosaic of St. Raphael and Tobias were installed. The marble for the altar came from Florence and the mosaic was created in Venice. The renovation also included new lighting, interior decorating, confessionals, and stations of the cross. Cardinal Samuel Stritch, the Archbishop of Chicago and former Archbishop of Milwaukee, rededicated the renovated cathedral on March 10, 1955. Cathedral fire On March 14, 2005, a fire caused extensive damage to St. Raphael's Cathedral, affecting not only those who attended the church, but the entire diocesan community. The fire caused the roof to collapse into the building, although the walls and steeple remained standing. There was further damage from the water and fears that the refurbished steeple would collapse, although the steeple was found to be stable in the days following the fire. The mosaics sustained smoke and water damage, and the stained glass windows were damaged but still in place. The cause of the fire was determined to be arson. Forty-one-year-old William J. "Billy" Connell was arrested for setting the fire and charged with burglary, arson, and bail jumping. Connell said that he had broken into the Cathedral using a crowbar, stole a bottle of wine, and then "messed around with some stuff". The fire started in an office/storeroom under the spire, and the crowbar was found in that room. Connell had a history of mental problems, and had previously been in trouble with the law. Connell was sentenced to 15 years in prison to be followed by 15 years of close supervision. On June 10, 2007, Bishop Morlino announced his intention to have the structure demolished and replaced with a new and larger church capable of seating 1,000 people. The Diocese of Madison announced on March 13, 2008, that St. Raphael's would be demolished by June of that year and that some items from the old Cathedral would be saved, including the spire, the three bells from the steeple, three mosaics from the sanctuary, the marble sanctuary appointments, one large undamaged stained glass window, three smaller undamaged semicircular stained glass windows, some ornamental stonework from around the doorways, and some other stone from the building. The demolition plan sparked debate among some in the city who felt portions of the structure should be preserved or declared a landmark. On July 1, 2008, the parish of St. Raphael merged with the nearby parishes of St. Patrick and Holy Redeemer churches to form a new Cathedral Parish of St. Raphael. The parish will be housed in facilities of the two churches until the new cathedral is built. On June 24, 2011, the parish purchased the structure it built in 1962 to house St. Raphael's School from 1963 until it closed in 1970. The parish demolished the building and in late 2012 created a park across the entire property featuring a Way of the Cross. In December 2022, Bishop Donald Hying outlined three proposals to settle the cathedral question as part of the Into the Deep strategic planning process for the diocese: build a new cathedral on the site of the old cathedral, maintain the current status quo of no cathedral while utilizing facilities of the diocese for diocesan events, and elevate an existing parish church for the cathedral. He rejects building a new cathedral as too expensive, and the status quo as undesirable. In January 2023, the bishop proposes that he petition the Holy See to name St. Bernard's Church in Madison as the diocesan cathedral. This would require less of a financial burden and the plan could be accomplished with a small capital campaign to raise the necessary funds. See also List of Catholic cathedrals in the United States List of cathedrals in the United States References External links Cathedral Parish website Diocese of Madison website St. Raphael’s Cathedral: A Proposal by Michael Bursch Churches in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Madison Raphael Religious buildings and structures in the United States destroyed by arson Churches in Madison, Wisconsin Crimes in Wisconsin Buildings and structures demolished in 2008 Demolished buildings and structures in Wisconsin Church fires in the United States
Brimsdown Industrial Estate is located to the east of the residential part of Brimsdown in the London Borough of Enfield. The estate, which lies in the Lea Valley, is bordered to the west by the West Anglia Main Line portion of the Lea Valley Lines and to the east by the River Lea and King George V Reservoir. A number of businesses are located here including Warburtons Enfield bakery, warehousing and retail, and heavier industry such as Johnson Matthey, UOP and the Enfield Power Station. History The original, coal-fired Brimsdown Power Station was built by the North Metropolitan Electric Power Supply Company (Northmet) in 1907. By the time of its closure in the 1970s this had grown to be a major plant, visible from a wide area due to its seven large cooling towers. Manufacturers attracted to Brimsdown by electricity supply and flat sites included non-ferrous metals producers Enfield Rolling Mills (ERM) and Enfield Cables Ltd (both later part of Detal Metals). Other firms included Brimsdown Castings (manufacturing in brass, copper, phosphor bronze, zinc and aluminium), Johnson Matthey (precious metals), Brimsdown Lead Works, Ruberoid roofing materials, and Imperial Lampworks (later Thorn A.E.I. Radio Valves & Tubes). In 1965 the ERM plant consisted of a copper refinery, copper and brass sheet and strip mills, copper rodmill, and copper drawing mill. Copper and copper-base alloys produced are cast and fabricated into refinery and mill shapes. References Enfield Rolling Mills Enfield, London Buildings and structures in the London Borough of Enfield Manufacturing industries in London
Henri Emmanuel Boileau, baron de Castelnau (1857-1923) was a French alpinist and sportsman who took part in the first ascent of the Meije. After his career as an alpinist he competed as an amateur cyclist. Biography Boileau de Castelnau was born in Nîmes in 1857. He was sickly as a child. Alpine career He began mountain climbing in the Pyrenees at the age of thirteen, climbing Maladeta and Aneto. Between 1872 and 1874, he climbed Mont Blanc four times, as well as climbing the Matterhorn, the Jungfrau, and many other mountains. At seventeen, he joined the Club alpin français (French Alpine Club) founded the previous year. In 1874, Boileau de Castelnau traveled to Chamonix to climb Mont Blanc. Forced to descend by a storm, he made the acquaintance back in Chamonix of Henry Duhamel, creator of the French Alpine Club and Haut-Dauphiné specialist. Boileau de Castelnau told Duhamel of his desire to achieve the ascent of the Grand Pic de la Meije. Tired of the bad weather that prevailed in Chamonix, the following year the two men engaged three guides in the valley and went to La Grave and the "rocher de l'aigle" ("rock of the eagle") to bivouac. The company was tempted by the north face with the three guides (Alexandre Tournier, François and Léon Simond) but the expedition was blocked by an overly dangerous passage in a corridor formed of black ice and sleet. That year they reached the central peak of the Meije (), conquered by W. A. B. Coolidge five years earlier. Later, in Grenoble, Boileau de Castelnau met the President of the Société des touristes du Dauphiné, and in 1876 met the guide Pierre Gaspard and his son. They formed one of the most brilliant ropes of their era, quickly achieving many first ascents in the 1876 and 1877 seasons. On 4 August 1877, Boileau de Castelnau and Gaspard tried a new ascent of the Meije by the south side, a route attempted the previous year by Henry Duhamel. With difficulty and thanks to Gaspard's audacity, they came to the end of the wall that Duhamel thought impassable, both climbing with bare feet. Forced to abandon it due to lack of time, they left a fixed rope in place. On 16 August, Boileau de Castelnau, Gaspard and his son reached the top, not without difficulty: the Meije was defeated. The descent was even more challenging than the ascent and they were obliged to bivouac, on the night of 16 August, on an uncomfortable ledge but managed to return to La Grave the following day. W. A. B. Coolidge, who had hoped to be the first to climb the Meije, initially refused to believe that the relatively unknown Boileau de Castelnau had climbed it. Coolidge himself climbed the Meije by Boileau de Castelnau's route in July 1878 to confirm his account. The Alpine career of the very young Boileau de Castelnau, interrupted by military service the following year, finally ended in 1879. Post-alpine career He subsequently devoted himself to managing his estates in Languedoc near Montpellier. He joined a foot-racing team and won the Mile Race in Germany. He attended the Faculty of Medicine in Paris, but did not write a thesis or practice medicine. In later years he became interested in bicycling (finishing second in the Paris-Tours race of 1898), driving motorcars (befriending Armand Peugeot, among other manufacturers, and finishing fifth in the first Tour de France Automobile), and flying balloons and airplanes. Family and death Boileau de Castelnau was married with a son and daughter. He died at his home in Montpellier in 1923 at the age of 65. Ascents 1875 - First ascent of the Tête des Corridors (), 21 August 1875 - Pic Central of the Meije () 1876 - First ascent of the Tête des Fétoules, 29 August 1876 - First ascent of the aiguille d'Olan (), 2 September 1876 - First ascent of the Tête de l'Étret, 4 September 1876 - First ascent of the Pic Nord des Cavales (), 10 September 1876 - First ascent of the Tête du Graou (), 18 September 1877 - First ascent of the Dôme de Neige des Écrins (), 21 July 1877 - First ascent of the Tête du Rouget (), 23 July 1877 - First ascent of the Petit Pelvoux () 1877 - First ascent of the Grand Pic de La Meije (), 16 August Bibliography References 1857 births 1923 deaths Barons of France French male cyclists French male middle-distance runners French mountain climbers French racing drivers Sportspeople from Montpellier Sportspeople from Nîmes
```java /* * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file * distributed with this work for additional information * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file * * path_to_url * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY * specific language governing permissions and limitations */ package org.apache.pulsar.client.impl.metrics; import static org.apache.pulsar.client.impl.metrics.MetricsUtil.getDefaultAggregationLabels; import static org.apache.pulsar.client.impl.metrics.MetricsUtil.getTopicAttributes; import io.opentelemetry.api.common.Attributes; import io.opentelemetry.api.incubator.metrics.ExtendedLongUpDownCounterBuilder; import io.opentelemetry.api.metrics.LongUpDownCounter; import io.opentelemetry.api.metrics.LongUpDownCounterBuilder; import io.opentelemetry.api.metrics.Meter; public class UpDownCounter { private final LongUpDownCounter counter; private final Attributes attributes; UpDownCounter(Meter meter, String name, Unit unit, String description, String topic, Attributes attributes) { LongUpDownCounterBuilder builder = meter.upDownCounterBuilder(name) .setDescription(description) .setUnit(unit.toString()); if (topic != null) { if (builder instanceof ExtendedLongUpDownCounterBuilder) { ExtendedLongUpDownCounterBuilder eb = (ExtendedLongUpDownCounterBuilder) builder; eb.setAttributesAdvice(getDefaultAggregationLabels(attributes)); } attributes = getTopicAttributes(topic, attributes); } this.counter = builder.build(); this.attributes = attributes; } public void increment() { add(1); } public void decrement() { add(-1); } public void add(long delta) { counter.add(delta, attributes); } public void subtract(long diff) { add(-diff); } } ```
```java package com.ctrip.xpipe.redis.proxy.ssl; import io.netty.channel.Channel; import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext; import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler; import io.netty.channel.group.ChannelGroup; import io.netty.channel.group.DefaultChannelGroup; import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslHandler; import io.netty.util.concurrent.Future; import io.netty.util.concurrent.GenericFutureListener; import io.netty.util.concurrent.GlobalEventExecutor; import java.net.InetAddress; /** * @author chen.zhu * <p> * May 08, 2018 */ public class SecureChatServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> { static final ChannelGroup channels = new DefaultChannelGroup(GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE); @Override public void channelActive(final ChannelHandlerContext ctx) { // Once session is secured, send a greeting and register the channel to the global channel // list so the channel received the messages from others. ctx.pipeline().get(SslHandler.class).handshakeFuture().addListener( new GenericFutureListener<Future<Channel>>() { @Override public void operationComplete(Future<Channel> future) throws Exception { ctx.writeAndFlush( "Welcome to " + InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostName() + " secure chat service!\n"); ctx.writeAndFlush( "Your session is protected by " + ctx.pipeline().get(SslHandler.class).engine().getSession().getCipherSuite() + " cipher suite.\n"); channels.add(ctx.channel()); } }); } @Override public void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) throws Exception { // Send the received message to all channels but the current one. // for (Channel c: channels) { // if (c != ctx.channel()) { // c.writeAndFlush("[" + ctx.channel().remoteAddress() + "] " + msg + '\n'); // } else { // c.writeAndFlush("[you] " + msg + '\n'); // } // } // // // Close the connection if the client has sent 'bye'. // if ("bye".equals(msg.toLowerCase())) { // ctx.close(); // } System.out.println(msg); } @Override public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) { cause.printStackTrace(); ctx.close(); } } ```
Physiographic macroregions of China is a term suggested by an American anthropologist G. William Skinner as a subdivision of China Proper into nine areas according to the drainage basins of the major rivers and other travel-constraining geomorphological features. They are distinct in terms of environment, economic resources, culture and more or less interdependent histories with often unsynchronized developmental macrocycles. They were described in Skinner's landmark essays in The City in Late Imperial China. 19th century Skinner and his school maintain that prior to modernization, transportation was largely constrained by terrain and the physiographic macroregions are a close approximation for the socioeconomic macroregions of 19th-century China. The macroregions are defined by Skinner as follows: 10 Northeast China, 东北区 20 North China, 华北区 30 Northwest China 西北区 Wei-Fen Basins 渭汾流域分区 Upper Yellow River Basin 黄河上游分区 Gansu Corridor 河西(甘肃)走廊分区 40 Upper Yangtze 长江上游区 50 Middle Yangtze 长江中游区 Middle Yangtze proper 长江中游分区 Gan Basin 赣江流域分区 Yuan Basin 沅江流域分区 Upper Han Basin 汉江上游分区 60 Lower Yangtze 长江下游区 70 Southeast Coast 东南沿海区 (approximately Fujian, eastern part of Guangdong, southern part of Zhejiang, and Taiwan) Ou-Ling River Basins 瓯灵流域分区 Min River Basin 闽江流域分区 Zhang-Quan 漳泉分区 (Zhangzhou plus Quanzhou) Han Basin 韩江流域分区 Taiwan 台湾分区 80 Lingnan 岭南区, which may be translated as "South of Mountains". It includes the Southern coast and nearly coincides with the two entities: province of Guangdong and Guangxi autonomous region, together traditionally called "Two Guang provinces", or Liangguang. 90 Yungui 云贵区; covers most of Yunnan Province and larger part of Guizhou Province and corresponds to the Yungui Plateau. Modern provinces of Xinjiang, Tibet, Qinghai and a larger part of Inner Mongolia are not considered by Skinner's scheme. 20th century According to Skinner's analysis, the 20th century China excluding Inner Asia has 9 socioeconomic macroregions with cores not changed from the physiographic ones of the 19th century, but with changed territorial extents. See also Regions of China Administrative divisions of China Geography of China#History Regional Religious System - an approach to the study of Chinese religion based on Skinner's research External links China Historical GIS Project GIS Shapefile format References Macroregions Regions of China
Gleb Aleksandrovich Strizhenov () (July 21, 1925 – October 4, 1985) was a Soviet stage and film actor. Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1974). He was the older brother of Oleg Strizhenov, who was also an actor. Selected filmography The Third Half (1963) as Yevgeny Ryazantsev An Optimistic Tragedy (1963) as officer The Red and the White (1967) as Colonel Earth and Sky Adventures (1974) as Stas' Father For the Rest of His Life (1975) as Kravtsov Okovani soferi (1975) as Kalenic The Days of the Turbins (1976, TV Movie) as von Schratt The Tavern on Pyatnitskaya (1978) as Gremin The Garage (1980) as Yakubov A Few Days from the Life of I. I. Oblomov (1980) as The Baron Per Aspera Ad Astra (1981) as Glan Teheran 43 (1981) as Simon References External links 1925 births 1985 deaths 20th-century Russian male actors People from Voronezh Moscow Art Theatre School alumni Honored Artists of the RSFSR Russian male film actors Russian male stage actors Soviet male film actors Soviet male stage actors Deaths from lung cancer in Russia Deaths from lung cancer in the Soviet Union Burials at Kuntsevo Cemetery
Christian Heinrich von Nagel (28 February 1803 in Stuttgart, Germany – 27 October 1882 in Ulm, Germany) was a German geometer. After attending the gymnasium, Nagel went in 1817 to Evangelical Seminaries of Maulbronn and Blaubeuren. From 1821 to 1825, he took a four-year course of theology at the Tübinger Stift. Soon after his graduation, he became interested in mathematics. He became mathematics and science teacher at the Lyceum and at the Secondary school in Tübingen. Already in 1826, he earned doctorate at the local Faculty of Philosophy on a theme De triangulis rectangulis ex algebraica aequatione construendis (About right triangles construable from an algebraic equation). Until 1830, he held post of a private lecturer in Tübingen. In that year, he moved to Ulm where he had a better-paid job as a teacher at the Gymnasium in Ulm. Later he was rector of the affiliated Realschule. He was ennobled in 1875. His best known results are from triangle geometry. One of the notable triangle points, Nagel point, is named after him. Works De triangulis rectangulis ex algebraica aequatione construendis (About right triangles construable from an algebraic equation), 1826 Untersuchungen über die wichtigsten zum Dreiecke gehöhrigen Kreise. Eine Abhandlung aus dem Gebiete der reinen Geometrie (Studies on the most important circles of the triangles. A treatise from the field of pure geometry), Leipzig, 1836 References External links Biography 1803 births 1882 deaths Scientists from Stuttgart 19th-century German mathematicians Geometers German schoolteachers
```smalltalk Package { #name : 'ReflectionMirrors-Primitives' } ```
Nicola Grimaldi (1645–1717) was born at the Castello della Pietra, Naples, a member of the noble Grimaldi family of Genoa. Career During the pontificate of Pope Innocent XI he became a governor of several cities in the Papal States. He was created a cardinal in the consistory of May 17, 1706, the same year in which he became the papal legate in Bologna. In 1716 he became Prefect of the Sacred Consulta a position he held until his death. Death Grimaldi died at his palazzo in Rome on October 25, 1717, and was buried in the Capuchin Church of Santissima Concezione, Rome. Notes and references 1645 births 1717 deaths 18th-century Italian cardinals Nicola Clergy from Naples
The Kirkland and District Hospital is a public hospital established in 1975 to serve Kirkland Lake, Ontario, Canada and area. The hospital has a total of 62 beds, including 6 intensive care, 2 obstetrics, 39 medical/surgical and 15 chronic beds plus 280 full-time and part-time staff. Departmental laboratories include haematology, chemistry, blood bank and cryogenics sections and referred out microbiology, cytology and pathology services as well as diagnostic services including echocardiography, pulmonary function testing, exercise stress testing, radiography, mammography, ultrasound, doppler facilities and fetal monitoring capabilities. Kirkland and District Hospital is part of the NORTH Network, a telemedicine network affiliated with Lady Minto Hospital in Cochrane, Timmins and District Hospital and the Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre in Toronto. History The first hospital opened in Kirkland Lake was the Kirkland Lake Red Cross Hospital, in 1926. Subsequently, the old Kirkland & District Hospital was built sometime around the 1940s on 2nd Street, across from the Kirkland Lake Collegiate & Vocational Institute. The hospital was partially financed by the prospector William Henry "Bill" Wright, who donated money to build the east wing of the hospital which bore his name. The present day Kirkland and District Hospital opened October 15, 1975, by Orval L. Archer (one of the former presidents of the hospital board). The hospital was originally equipped with 132 beds, but downsized to the present 62 beds. In October 2020, the Kirkland & District Hospital amalgamated with the Englehart & District Hospital, under the Blanche River Health system. The Kirkland site is associated with several Ontario colleges and universities, including the Northern Ontario School of Medicine (NOSM), The University of Toronto School of Medicine, Nipissing University, College Boreal (DI), Northern College. References External links Kirkland and District Hospital Programs and Services Hospital buildings completed in 1976 Hospitals established in 1976 Hospitals in Ontario 1976 establishments in Ontario Kirkland Lake
Mirny () is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Chemrovsky Selsoviet, Zonalny District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 1,487 as of 2013. There are 25 streets. Geography Mirny is located 15 km southeast of Zonalnoye (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novaya Chemrovka is the nearest rural locality. References Rural localities in Zonalny District
```javascript import { catchAll as catchAll1 } from "fixtures/catch-all1"; import { catchAll as catchAll2 } from "fixtures/catch-all2"; console.log(catchAll1, catchAll2); ```
```php <?php /** * Tests for block rendering functions. * * @package WordPress * @subpackage Blocks * @since 5.0.0 * * @group blocks / class Tests_Blocks_Render extends WP_UnitTestCase { /* * The location of the fixtures to test with. * * @since 5.0.0 * @var string / protected static $fixtures_dir; /* * Test block instance number. * * @since 5.0.0 * * @var int / protected $test_block_instance_number = 0; /* * Tear down after each test. * * @since 5.0.0 / public function tear_down() { $this->test_block_instance_number = 0; $registry = WP_Block_Type_Registry::get_instance(); if ( $registry->is_registered( 'core/test' ) ) { $registry->unregister( 'core/test' ); } if ( $registry->is_registered( 'core/dynamic' ) ) { $registry->unregister( 'core/dynamic' ); } if ( $registry->is_registered( 'tests/notice' ) ) { $registry->unregister( 'tests/notice' ); } parent::tear_down(); } /* * @ticket 45109 / public function test_do_blocks_removes_comments() { $original_html = file_get_contents( DIR_TESTDATA . '/blocks/do-blocks-original.html' ); $expected_html = file_get_contents( DIR_TESTDATA . '/blocks/do-blocks-expected.html' ); $actual_html = do_blocks( $original_html ); $this->assertSameIgnoreEOL( $expected_html, $actual_html ); } /* * @ticket 45109 / public function test_the_content() { add_shortcode( 'someshortcode', array( $this, 'handle_shortcode' ) ); $classic_content = "Foo\n\n[someshortcode]\n\nBar\n\n[/someshortcode]\n\nBaz"; $block_content = "<!-- wp:core/paragraph -->\n<p>Foo</p>\n<!-- /wp:core/paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:core/shortcode -->[someshortcode]\n\nBar\n\n[/someshortcode]<!-- /wp:core/shortcode -->\n\n<!-- wp:core/paragraph -->\n<p>Baz</p>\n<!-- /wp:core/paragraph -->"; $classic_filtered_content = apply_filters( 'the_content', $classic_content ); $block_filtered_content = apply_filters( 'the_content', $block_content ); // Block rendering add some extra blank lines, but we're not worried about them. $block_filtered_content = preg_replace( "/\n{2,}/", "\n", $block_filtered_content ); remove_shortcode( 'someshortcode' ); $this->assertSame( trim( $classic_filtered_content ), trim( $block_filtered_content ) ); } public function handle_shortcode( $atts, $content ) { return $content; } /* * @ticket 45495 / public function test_nested_calls_to_the_content() { register_block_type( 'core/test', array( 'render_callback' => array( $this, 'dynamic_the_content_call', ), ) ); $content = "foo\n\nbar"; $the_content = apply_filters( 'the_content', '<!-- wp:core/test -->' . $content . '<!-- /wp:core/test -->' ); $this->assertSame( $content, $the_content ); } public function dynamic_the_content_call( $attrs, $content ) { apply_filters( 'the_content', '' ); return $content; } public function test_can_nest_at_least_so_deep() { $minimum_depth = 99; $content = 'deep inside'; for ( $i = 0; $i < $minimum_depth; $i++ ) { $content = '<!-- wp:core/test -->' . $content . '<!-- /wp:core/test -->'; } $this->assertSame( 'deep inside', do_blocks( $content ) ); } public function test_can_nest_at_least_so_deep_with_dynamic_blocks() { $minimum_depth = 99; $content = '0'; for ( $i = 0; $i < $minimum_depth; $i++ ) { $content = '<!-- wp:core/test -->' . $content . '<!-- /wp:core/test -->'; } register_block_type( 'core/test', array( 'render_callback' => array( $this, 'render_dynamic_incrementer', ), ) ); $this->assertSame( $minimum_depth, (int) do_blocks( $content ) ); } public function render_dynamic_incrementer( $attrs, $content ) { return (string) ( 1 + (int) $content ); } /* * @ticket 45290 / public function test_blocks_arent_autopeed() { $expected_content = 'test'; $test_content = "<!-- wp:fake/block -->\n$expected_content\n<!-- /wp:fake/block -->"; $current_priority = has_action( 'the_content', 'wpautop' ); $filtered_content = trim( apply_filters( 'the_content', $test_content ) ); $this->assertSame( $expected_content, $filtered_content ); // Check that wpautop() is still defined in the same place. $this->assertSame( $current_priority, has_action( 'the_content', 'wpautop' ) ); // ... and that the restore function has removed itself. $this->assertFalse( has_action( 'the_content', '_restore_wpautop_hook' ) ); $test_content = 'test'; $expected_content = "<p>$test_content</p>"; $current_priority = has_action( 'the_content', 'wpautop' ); $filtered_content = trim( apply_filters( 'the_content', $test_content ) ); $this->assertSame( $expected_content, $filtered_content ); $this->assertSame( $current_priority, has_action( 'the_content', 'wpautop' ) ); $this->assertFalse( has_action( 'the_content', '_restore_wpautop_hook' ) ); } /* * @ticket 45109 / public function data_do_block_test_filenames() { self::$fixtures_dir = DIR_TESTDATA . '/blocks/fixtures'; $fixture_filenames = array_merge( glob( self::$fixtures_dir . '/.json' ), glob( self::$fixtures_dir . '/.html' ) ); $fixture_filenames = array_values( array_unique( array_map( array( $this, 'clean_fixture_filename' ), $fixture_filenames ) ) ); return array_map( array( $this, 'pass_parser_fixture_filenames' ), $fixture_filenames ); } /* * @dataProvider data_do_block_test_filenames * @ticket 45109 / public function test_do_block_output( $html_filename, $server_html_filename ) { $html_path = self::$fixtures_dir . '/' . $html_filename; $server_html_path = self::$fixtures_dir . '/' . $server_html_filename; foreach ( array( $html_path, $server_html_path ) as $filename ) { if ( ! file_exists( $filename ) ) { throw new Exception( "Missing fixture file: '$filename'" ); } } $html = do_blocks( self::strip_r( file_get_contents( $html_path ) ) ); // If blocks opt into Gutenberg's layout implementation // the container will receive an additional, unique classname based on "wp-container-[blockname]-layout" // so we need to normalize the random id. $normalized_html = preg_replace( '/wp-container-[a-z-]+\d+/', 'wp-container-1', $html ); // The gallery block uses a unique class name of `wp_unique_id( 'wp-block-gallery-' )` // so we need to normalize the random id. $normalized_html = preg_replace( '/wp-block-gallery-\d+/', 'wp-block-gallery-1', $normalized_html ); $expected_html = self::strip_r( file_get_contents( $server_html_path ) ); // Convert HTML to be white space insensitive. $normalized_html = preg_replace( '/(\s+$)/m', '', $normalized_html ); $expected_html = preg_replace( '/(\s+$)/m', '', $expected_html ); $this->assertSame( $expected_html, $normalized_html, "File '$html_path' does not match expected value" ); } /* * @ticket 53148 / public function test_render_field_in_block_json() { $result = register_block_type( DIR_TESTDATA . '/blocks/notice' ); $actual_content = do_blocks( '<!-- wp:tests/notice {"message":"Hello from the test"} --><!-- /wp:tests/notice -->' ); $this->assertSame( '<p class="wp-block-tests-notice">Hello from the test</p>', trim( $actual_content ) ); } /* * @ticket 45109 / public function test_dynamic_block_rendering() { $settings = array( 'render_callback' => array( $this, 'render_test_block', ), ); register_block_type( 'core/test', $settings ); // The duplicated dynamic blocks below are there to ensure that do_blocks() replaces each one-by-one. $post_content = 'before' . '<!-- wp:core/test {"value":"b1"} --><!-- /wp:core/test -->' . '<!-- wp:core/test {"value":"b1"} --><!-- /wp:core/test -->' . 'between' . '<!-- wp:core/test {"value":"b2"} /-->' . '<!-- wp:core/test {"value":"b2"} /-->' . 'after'; $updated_post_content = do_blocks( $post_content ); $this->assertSame( $updated_post_content, 'before' . '1:b1' . '2:b1' . 'between' . '3:b2' . '4:b2' . 'after' ); } /* * @ticket 45109 / public function test_global_post_persistence() { global $post; register_block_type( 'core/test', array( 'render_callback' => array( $this, 'render_test_block_wp_query', ), ) ); $posts = self::factory()->post->create_many( 5 ); $post = get_post( end( $posts ) ); $global_post = $post; do_blocks( '<!-- wp:core/test /-->' ); $this->assertSame( $global_post, $post ); } public function test_render_latest_comments_on_password_protected_post() { $post_id = self::factory()->post->create( array( 'post_password' => 'password', ) ); $comment_text = wp_generate_password( 10, false ); self::factory()->comment->create( array( 'comment_post_ID' => $post_id, 'comment_content' => $comment_text, ) ); $comments = do_blocks( '<!-- wp:latest-comments {"commentsToShow":1,"displayExcerpt":true} /-->' ); $this->assertStringNotContainsString( $comment_text, $comments ); } /* * @ticket 45109 / public function test_dynamic_block_renders_string() { $settings = array( 'render_callback' => array( $this, 'render_test_block_numeric', ), ); register_block_type( 'core/test', $settings ); $block_type = new WP_Block_Type( 'core/test', $settings ); $rendered = $block_type->render(); $this->assertSame( '10', $rendered ); $this->assertIsString( $rendered ); } public function test_dynamic_block_gets_inner_html() { register_block_type( 'core/dynamic', array( 'render_callback' => array( $this, 'render_serialize_dynamic_block', ), ) ); $output = do_blocks( '<!-- wp:dynamic -->inner<!-- /wp:dynamic -->' ); $data = unserialize( base64_decode( $output ) ); $this->assertSame( 'inner', $data[1] ); } public function test_dynamic_block_gets_rendered_inner_blocks() { register_block_type( 'core/test', array( 'render_callback' => array( $this, 'render_test_block_numeric', ), ) ); register_block_type( 'core/dynamic', array( 'render_callback' => array( $this, 'render_serialize_dynamic_block', ), ) ); $output = do_blocks( '<!-- wp:dynamic -->before<!-- wp:test /-->after<!-- /wp:dynamic -->' ); $data = unserialize( base64_decode( $output ) ); $this->assertSame( 'before10after', $data[1] ); } public function test_dynamic_block_gets_rendered_inner_dynamic_blocks() { register_block_type( 'core/dynamic', array( 'render_callback' => array( $this, 'render_serialize_dynamic_block', ), ) ); $output = do_blocks( '<!-- wp:dynamic -->before<!-- wp:dynamic -->deep inner<!-- /wp:dynamic -->after<!-- /wp:dynamic -->' ); $data = unserialize( base64_decode( $output ) ); $inner = $this->render_serialize_dynamic_block( array(), 'deep inner' ); $this->assertSame( $data[1], 'before' . $inner . 'after' ); } /* * Helper function to remove relative paths and extension from a filename, leaving just the fixture name. * * @since 5.0.0 * * @param string $filename The filename to clean. * @return string The cleaned fixture name. / protected function clean_fixture_filename( $filename ) { $filename = wp_basename( $filename ); $filename = preg_replace( '/\..+$/', '', $filename ); return $filename; } /* * Helper function to return the filenames needed to test the parser output. * * @since 5.0.0 * * @param string $filename The cleaned fixture name. * @return array The input and expected output filenames for that fixture. / protected function pass_parser_fixture_filenames( $filename ) { return array( "$filename.html", "$filename.server.html", ); } /* * Helper function to remove '\r' characters from a string. * * @since 5.0.0 * * @param string $input The string to remove '\r' from. * @return string The input string, with '\r' characters removed. / protected function strip_r( $input ) { return str_replace( "\r", '', $input ); } /* * Test block rendering function. * * @since 5.0.0 * * @param array $attributes Block attributes. * @return string Block output. / public function render_test_block( $attributes ) { $this->test_block_instance_number += 1; return $this->test_block_instance_number . ':' . $attributes['value']; } /* * Test block rendering function, returning numeric value. * * @since 5.0.0 * * @return int Block output. / public function render_test_block_numeric() { return 10; } /* * Test block rendering function, returning base64 encoded serialised value. * * @since 5.0.0 * * @return string Block output. / public function render_serialize_dynamic_block( $attributes, $content ) { return base64_encode( serialize( array( $attributes, $content ) ) ); } /* * Test block rendering function, creating a new WP_Query instance. * * @since 5.0.0 * * @return string Block output. */ public function render_test_block_wp_query() { $content = ''; $recent = new WP_Query( array( 'numberposts' => 10, 'orderby' => 'ID', 'order' => 'DESC', 'post_type' => 'post', 'post_status' => 'draft, publish, future, pending, private', 'suppress_filters' => true, ) ); while ( $recent->have_posts() ) { $recent->the_post(); $content .= get_the_title(); } wp_reset_postdata(); return $content; } } ```
Głębokie is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Piwniczna-Zdrój, within Nowy Sącz County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland, close to the border with Slovakia. It lies approximately north of Piwniczna-Zdrój, south of Nowy Sącz, and south-east of the regional capital Kraków. References Villages in Nowy Sącz County
Sibéal Ní Chasaide (; born 1998), known mononymously as Sibéal, is an Irish singer from the Ráth Chairn Gaeltacht, County Meath, specializing in the centuries-old melismatic Irish singing style of sean-nós. She is best known for singing Mise Éire by composer Patrick Cassidy who composed music to the poem of Patrick Pearse's Mise Éire at the official government commemorations of the 1916 Rising. Discography Albums Sibéal (2019) No. 6 Irish Albums Chart Live albums Sibéal – Live at Abbey Road Studios (2019) Songs "The Parting Glass" (2018) "Human" (2019) Traditional: Carrickfergus (arr. Pacey) (2019) Fuarú - with The Cranberries (Irish-language cover of Linger) Filmography "1916" (2016) - 3 episodes "1916 Centenary" (2016) "Ooops! The Adventure Continues" (2020) References External links Performance as soloist with Voces8 Clip of Sibeal Ni Chasaide - "Mise Éire" \| The Late Late Show \| RTÉ One 1998 births 21st-century Irish women singers Living people Musicians from County Meath Sean-nós singers
The Highland Land League founded in 1909 was a left wing political party active in Scotland in the early twentieth century. It was separate from, although a conscious imitation of, the late 19th century Highland Land League. It was founded in Glasgow, in 1909 as a political party. This organisation was a broadly left-wing group that sought the restoration of deer forests to public ownership, abolition of plural farms and the nationalisation of the land. Also they resolved to resolutely defend crofters facing eviction by their landlords and they supported home rule for Scotland. During the First World War (1914 to 1918) politicians made lavish promises about reform which would follow the war, and of course many croftsmen lost their lives in the war itself. After the war the words of politicians did not translate into action, but croftmen returning from the war were in no mood to accept government inaction. Land raids began again. At this time the Easter Rising was recent history in Ireland, as was the Communist revolution in Russia. In August 1918 the new Land League had affiliated with the Labour Party, with four candidates for the 1918 general election being joint League-Labour. They were the only opposition to the Coalition candidate in Argyllshire in 1918 and backed the unsuccessful Labour candidate in the 1920 by election. By the 1920s the League had fully merged with Labour, under the unfulfilled promise of autonomy for Scotland were Labour to gain power in the forthcoming years. Land League members were then key to the formation of the Scottish National Party in 1934. References Defunct political parties in Scotland History of the Labour Party (UK) Land reform in Scotland Scottish Labour 1909 establishments in Scotland 1920s disestablishments in Scotland
Bulbophyllum groeneveldtii is a species of orchid in the genus Bulbophyllum. References The Bulbophyllum-Checklist The Internet Orchid Species Photo Encyclopedia groeneveldtii
German submarine U-16 was a Type IIB U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine that served during World War II. It was launched on 28 April 1936, under the command of Heinz Beduhn, with a crew of 23. Its last of four commanders was Horst Wellner. Design German Type IIB submarines were enlarged versions of the original Type IIs. U-16 had a displacement of when at the surface and while submerged. Officially, the standard tonnage was , however. The U-boat had a total length of , a pressure hull length of , a beam of , a height of , and a draught of . The submarine was powered by two MWM RS 127 S four-stroke, six-cylinder diesel engines of for cruising, two Siemens-Schuckert PG VV 322/36 double-acting electric motors producing a total of for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to . The submarine had a maximum surface speed of and a maximum submerged speed of . When submerged, the boat could operate for at ; when surfaced, she could travel at . U-16 was fitted with three torpedo tubes at the bow, five torpedoes or up to twelve Type A torpedo mines, and a anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of twentyfive. Service history From 2 September 1939, until 25 October 1939, U-16 took part in the laying of mines in open water in and around the English Channel, to hamper allied shipping. On 28 September 1939, U-16 sank the Swedish 3,378 GRT Nyland. The 57 GRT French Sainte Claire was sunk by one of the mines laid by U-16 on 21 November 1939. Fate On 25 October 1939, U-16 was transiting the Dover Strait when it was attacked by and . Trying to avoid the depth charges from both ships, U-16 ran aground on the Goodwin Sands, an area that was notorious for both sides. U-16 was lost with all hands; other U-Boats were subsequently obliged to take the significantly longer route north of Scotland to the Western Approaches and the north Atlantic. Summary of raiding history References Notes Citations Bibliography External links German Type II submarines U-boats commissioned in 1936 U-boats sunk in 1939 World War II submarines of Germany World War II shipwrecks in the English Channel 1936 ships Ships built in Kiel U-boats sunk by British warships Submarines lost with all hands Maritime incidents in October 1939
```org #+TITLE: EmacsWiki: Programmable Completion #+URL: path_to_url #+AUTHOR: lujun9972 #+TAGS: emacs-common/ #+DATE: [2017-04-17 12:58] #+LANGUAGE: zh-CN #+OPTIONS: H:6 num:nil toc:t \n:nil ::t \|:t ^:nil -:nil f:t :t <:nil Emacs `pcomplete.el . `pcomplete.el, [[path_to_url :* `pcomplete.elprogrammable completion, [[path_to_url manual ([[path_to_url programmed completion. . * Adding programmable completion using pcomplete setup,mode hook : #+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp (defun pcomplete-erc-setup () "Setup erc-mode to use pcomplete." (set (make-local-variable 'pcomplete-parse-arguments-function) 'pcomplete-parse-erc-arguments) (set (make-local-variable 'pcomplete-command-completion-function) 'pcomplete/erc-mode/complete-command) (set (make-local-variable 'pcomplete-command-name-function) 'pcomplete-erc-command-name) (set (make-local-variable 'pcomplete-default-completion-function) (lambda () (pcomplete-here (pcomplete-erc-nicks)))) (set (make-local-variable 'pcomplete-suffix-list) '(? ?:)) ) (add-hook 'erc-mode-hook 'pcomplete-erc-setup) #+END_SRC + pcomplete-parse-arguments-function =pcomplete-parse-arguments-function= . . + pcomplete-command-name-function . . , MSG major mode erc-mode , pcomplete =pcomplete/erc-mode/MSG= =pcomplete/MSG= . + pcomplete-default-completion-function , =pcomplete-default-completion-function= . =(pcomplete-here ( list of completions ))= + pcomplete-command-completion-function =(pcomplete-here ( list of completions ))= ```
Jingpo may refer to: Jingpo people, also spelled Jingpho, Jinghpaw, Singpho, and Chingp'o Jingpo language, their language Jingpo Lake, in Heilongjiang, China
The Philippine Basketball Association's Rookie of the Year Award is an annual Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) award given to the top rookie(s) of the regular season. The award was first given in . The award is decided using criteria introduced for the 2011–12 season, which include accumulated statistical points, votes from media, players and the league's Commissioner's Office. The most recent Rookie of the Year winner is Mikey Williams. Twelve winners were drafted first overall (the league started its draft in the season). Six winners have also won the PBA Most Valuable Player (MVP) award in their careers; with Benjie Paras earning the honors the same season. Three winners have been elected to the PBA Hall of Fame. Winners Notes Rookie of the Year Rookie player awards Awards established in 1976 1976 establishments in the Philippines
The Valley of Kashmir (1895) is a book on Kashmir by the English writer Sir Walter Roper Lawrence. The author served in the Indian Civil Service in British India during which he was appointed as a Settlement Commissioner of Kashmir. The Valley of Kashmir is the summary of Lawrence's visit to Kashmir. He travelled to almost every corner of the Valley and developed a close affinity with the people who figure prominently in the work. The book describes the geography, culture in brief and the hardships faced by the Kashmiri people under the rule of Dogras. The book was first published in 1895 by H. Frowde in London. References External links The Valley of Kashmir, published by Henry Frowde, 1895. The Valley of Kashmir, republished by Asian Educational Services, 2005, 1895 non-fiction books Indian travel books Tourism in Jammu and Kashmir 19th-century Indian books
David Francis Haynes (8 March 1926 – 11 September 1998) was a British politician. A member of the Labour Party, he served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Ashfield from 1979 to 1992. Born in Wandsworth, London, a former miner, Haynes became the MP for Ashfield in 1979, regaining a seat that had been lost to the Conservatives in a 1977 by-election. Haynes served until 1992 when he retired and was succeeded by Geoff Hoon. Haynes was famous for having one of the loudest and most resonant voices in the House of Commons. He was sponsored by the National Union of Mineworkers, and during the 1984-85 strike remained loyal to the union rather than support the majority of Nottinghamshire miners who broke away to form the Union of Democratic Mineworkers. He frequently highlighted the problems of the very poorest in society when putting questions to Margaret Thatcher and her ministers. Haynes died in Westwood, Nottinghamshire, in September 1998 at the age of 72. References The Times Guide to the House of Commons, Times Newspapers Ltd, 1987 1926 births 1998 deaths Labour Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies National Union of Mineworkers-sponsored MPs UK MPs 1979–1983 UK MPs 1983–1987 UK MPs 1987–1992
William Covell (died 1613) was an English clergyman and writer. Life He was born in Chadderton, Lancashire, England, and proceeded MA at Queens' College, Cambridge in 1588. In the 1590s Covell took part in the controversy about how far the newly reformed Church of England should abandon the liturgy and hierarchy of the past, to which debate he contributed several broadly anti-puritan works. In his later career he allied himself with Archbishop John Whitgift and afterwards with his successor, Richard Bancroft, who, like Covell, was Lancashire-born. William Covell died in 1613 at Mersham, Kent, where he was rector. Works Covell's interest to modern scholars now largely depends on one polemical work published in 1595, Polimanteia. In the course of this work, dedicated to the 2nd Earl of Essex, Covell briefly mentioned contemporary authors such as Thomas Nashe, Samuel Daniel and William Shakespeare. Covell published in 1603 a religious volume which weighed in on the then-contemporary tension in the Church of England between tradition and puritanism. References Stephen Wright, ‘Covell, William (d. 1613)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 Notes People from Chadderton English Calvinist and Reformed ministers Alumni of Queens' College, Cambridge Year of birth unknown 16th-century births 1613 deaths 17th-century English Anglican priests 16th-century Anglican theologians 17th-century Anglican theologians Clergy from Lancashire 17th-century English male writers 17th-century English writers People from Mersham
The Government of Zamboanga City, also known as the Zamboanga City Government is the local government unit in-charge of the City of Zamboanga. It is a mayor-council form of government supervised directly by the President of the Philippines and the Secretary of the Interior and Local Government. The city government has three interdependent branches: the legislative branch, the executive branch, and the judicial branch. The powers of the branches are vested by the 1991 Local Government Code of the Philippines in the following: Local legislative power is vested in a unicameral Sangguniang Panglungsod with the vice-mayor as its presiding officer. Local executive power is exercised by the government under the leadership of the City Mayor. Local judicial power is vested in the Regional Trial Court and lower courts. Legislative department The legislative power of the city is vested in the unicameral Sangguniang Panglungsod. It is composed of: the Vice Mayor as its presiding officer elected citywide; eight (8) councilors representing two of the city legislative districts which are elected for a term of three (3) years; Chairman of the Liga ng mga Barangay of the city as ex officio member; and President of the Pederasyon ng mga Sangguniang Kabataan of the city as ex officio member. The elected members can be re-elected but they may not run for a fourth consecutive term. When a vacancy arises in the Sanggunian, the President of the Philippines shall appoint to fill in the vacancy. In case of vacancy in the representation of the youth and the barangay in the Sanggunian, the said vacancy shall be filled automatically by the official next in rank of the organization concerned. Executive department The executive power is vested in the Mayor. The current executive branch is headed by Mayor John M. Dalipe of the Lakas CMD. The mayor is elected by popular vote to a term of three years. The mayor can be re-elected but may not run for a fourth consecutive term. The second highest official, Vice Mayor Josephine Pareja is also elected by popular vote. The Vice Mayor is first in line to succession if the office of the Mayor is vacant. The vice mayor is the presiding officer of the Sangguniang Panglungsod. The mayor's assistant's as required by the 1991 Local Government Code are: City Treasurer City Accountant City Budget Officer City Planning and Development Coordinator City Engineer City Health Officer City Civil Registrar City Administrator City Legal Officer City Veterinarian City Social Welfare and Development Officer City General Services Officer As optional by the 1991 Local Government Code: City Architect City Information Officer City Agriculturist City Population Officer City Environment and Natural Resources Officer City Cooperatives Officer Historical governments Republic of Zamboanga The Republic of Zamboanga's declared sovereignty lasted from May 18, 1899 until November 16, 1899, wherein its revolutionary government and chosen President, Vicente Álvarez, who led the liberation of the Zamboangueños from the tenuous grip of the retreating Spanish military, along with his victorious troops, exercised de facto sovereignty over administrative functions and military control within their new country territory and was not subordinate or subject to any other government or authority in the Philippines. Álvarez proclaimed his new Republic of Zamboanga had rule over the entire islands of Mindanao, Basilan, and Sulu - effectively the entire southern Philippines. His claim was grandiose. In reality, the republic's sovereignty extended only over the existing premises of ancient Zamboanga, which can be estimated to be about the same size as present-day Zamboanga City is. Presidents of the Republic Under Moro Province In March 1903, Arquiza's government ended and was replaced by a new U.S. governor, also effectively ending the Republic of Zamboanga. Zamboanga is made capital of consolidated Mindanao, Basilan, and Sulu Archipelago after abolition of the Republic. The Moro Province had 5 districts: Sulu, Zamboanga, Lanao, Cotabato, and Davao. City mayors On recommendation of Governor John J. Pershing, the Legislative Council of the Moro Province passed on September 15, 1911, Act No. 272, converting the municipality of Zamboanga into a city with a commission form of government. Its municipal board consisted of a mayor and two commissioners. On February 26, 1937, the City Charter of Zamboanga became effective and the new city government was inaugurated headed by a mayor appointed by the President of the Philippine Commonwealth. With the passage of Republic Act No. 1210 on April 29, 1955, the position of mayor became elective and the post of vice-mayor was created. Note: The first column consecutively numbers the individuals who have served as chief executive (either mayor or municipal president) of Zamboanga City, while the second column consecutively numbers the individuals who have served as city mayor. Municipal presidents When the Department of Mindanao and Sulu replaced the Moro Province in 1914, the city was reverted to municipality status under the supervision of the province of Zamboanga. Note: The first column consecutively numbers the individuals who have served as chief executive (either mayor or municipal president) of Zamboanga City, while the second column consecutively numbers the individuals who have served as municipal president. Zamboanga City officials since 2007 2007–2010 2010–2013 2013–2016 2016–2019 2019–2022 2022–2025 2022 Zamboanga City local elections Local elections were held in Zamboanga City on 9 May 2022, within the Philippine general election. The voters elected for the elective local posts in the city: the mayor, vice mayor, and eight councilors per district. References Local government in Zamboanga City
FC Vidnoye () is a Russian football team from Vidnoye, Moscow Oblast. It played professionally in the Russian Second Division in 2003 and 2004. In 2003 it took sixth place in the West Zone, and it was leading the table in the middle of the 2004 season when it was forced to drop out of the competition due to financial problems. It now plays on amateur level. Team name and location history 2002: FC Nosorogi Volodarskogo 2003–: FC Vidnoye External links Official site Team history by footballfacts Association football clubs established in 2002 Football clubs in Russia Football in Moscow Oblast 2002 establishments in Russia
38th Street station may refer to: 38th Street station (Metro Transit), a station on the Hiawatha Line in Minneapolis. Minnesota, USA 38th Street/Washington station, a station on the METRO Light Rail in Phoenix, Arizona, USA 38th Street (IRT Sixth Avenue Line), a demolished elevated station in New York City.
Coal mining regions are significant resource extraction industries in many parts of the world. They provide a large amount of the fossil fuel energy in the world economy. The People's Republic of China is the largest producer of coal in the world, while Australia is the largest coal exporter. Countries with the largest proven black coal reserves are the United States (250.2 billion tonnes), Russia (160.3 billion tonnes), Australia (147.4 billion tonnes), China (138.8 billion tonnes) and India (101.3 billion tonnes). A coal-mining region is a region in which coal mining is a significant economic activity. Coal-mining regions are often associated with the social, cultural and environmental impact of coal mining. Africa South Africa In South Africa coal is mined in several regions, mainly in the East Rand around Witbank, in the Vaal valley around the Vaal Triangle, the Waterberg in the Limpopo Province and at Dundee and Newcastle in northern KwaZulu Natal. South Africa is currently the leading African coal producer. Asia China China is currently the world's largest coal miner, and it is also the largest consumer of coal in the world. China’s coal output has continued to increase and its production capacity has expanded at an unprecedented rate, with an annual increase in production of 200 million tonnes on average. In 2012, the total output of coal reached 3.66 billion tonnes. However, based on China’s existing coal mining technologies, this level of output greatly exceeds the sustainable coal production capacity in terms of resources, the environment, and safety. Behind this huge production statistic are excessive waste of coal resources, a large number of casualties among workers, and serious damage to water resources and the environment. These problems are the basis of resistance for the continued development of China’s coal industry. India India has some of the largest reserves of coal in the world (approx. 267 billion tonnes). The energy derived from coal in India is about twice that of energy derived from oil, whereas worldwide, energy derived from coal is about 30% less than energy derived from oil. The top producing states are: Chhattisgarh Orissa - see Talcher in Angul district Jharkhand Other notable coal-mining areas include: Singareni collieries in Khammam district, Telangana Chirimiri Coalfield And Hasdeo coalfield in Koriya District, Chhattisgarh Jharia mines in Dhanbad district, Jharkhand Nagpur and Chandrapur district, Maharashtra Raniganj in Bardhaman district, West Bengal Neyveli lignite mines in Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu Singrauli Coalfield and Umaria Coalfield in Madhya Pradesh Jowai, Garo Hills in Meghalaya Mongolia Mongolia has proven reserves of 12.2 billion tons of coal including 2 billion tons of coking coal and 10.1 billion tons of thermal coal. Mongolia is estimated to have potential coal reserves of some 100 billion metric tonnes. While Mongolia's output is approximately only 5 million tonnes of coal per year, it will grow significantly given its proximity to China. Russia Russia is currently the fifth largest producer of coal, and has the second largest reserves, estimated at 175 billion. The majority of its coal is located east of the Ural Mountains in Siberia. By 1999 approximately a third of coal mining business was privatized. Since then, the industry has concentrated in hands of few companies - coking coal producers were integrated with steel makers, and two national leaders in steam coal emerged. Russian coal miners have recently campaigned for improvements in their working conditions, leading to some reform. Mechel controls the Southern Kuzbass Coal Company in Kuznetsk, the Elga Coal Field in the Sakha Republic with 2.2 billion metric tons of reserves of coal, and the Neryungrinsky coal mine at Neryungri in the Sakha Republic. Other coal producing regions include the Pechora basin of brown coal in northern European Russia, the Kansk-Achinsk basin with total reserves 600 billion tons of lignite centered on Kansk in southern Krasnoyarsk Krai, Tunguska coal basin in eastern Siberia located between the Khatanga River to the Trans-Siberian railway and between the Yenisei and Lena rivers, and the Lena coal basin which is mainly in the Sakha Republic with some in Krasnoyarsk Krai. Europe Belgium The sillon industriel contains the former coal-mining area, Pays Noir, or "Black Country." It runs across Wallonia, passing from Dour, in Borinage, in the west, to Verviers in the east, through Mons, La Louvière, Charleroi, Namur, Huy, and Liège, following the valleys of the rivers Haine, Sambre, Meuse and Vesdre. It is also known as the "Sambre and Meuse valley", or the "Haine-Sambre-Meuse-Vesdre valley", or the "dorsale wallonne." Bosnia and Herzegovina The major coal mining basins in Bosnia and Herzegovina are the Tuzla Basin with the Kreka and Đurđevik mines and the Zenica Basin with the adjacent Kakanj, Novi Travnik and Gračanica. There are also substantial reserves of coal in Sanski Most, Ugljevik, Gacko and Stanari. France Nord-Pas de Calais Mining Basin, Loire coal mining basin and Saar-Warndt coal mining basin were the major coal-mining regions. Germany The Ruhr Area in North Rhine-Westphalia, Lower Lusatia, and the Central Germany lignite mining area are some of the coal-mining regions. End of 2010 there were five operating hard coal mines in Germany: 1: Bergwerk Ibbenbüren, Ibbenbüren, 2: Zeche Auguste Viktoria, Marl, 3: Bergwerk Prosper-Haniel, Bottrop, 4: Bergwerk West, Kamp Lintfort, 5: Bergwerk Saar, Saarlouis. Germany's last operating black coal mine, Prosper-Haniel, closed on December 21, 2018, leaving only lignites mines in operation, such as the Hambach surface mine. Netherlands Limburg was a coal-mining region until 1973; See mining in Limburg Poland Silesia in Poland and Czech Republic has more working coal miners than the rest of the European Union combined. Romania The Jiu Valley is a coal-mining region. Serbia Kolubara and Kostolac are coal mining regions. The REMBAS region near the Resava River is a coal-mining region. Spain There are large coal deposits in Asturias and León which helped fuel the Industrial Revolution in Spain; these have mostly been exhausted. Ukraine Donbas, Volyn, and Halychyna are coal-mining regions. United Kingdom Britain had major coal-mining activity in the past, but since the 1980s coal mining has been in decline due to the increased use of natural gas in power stations and cheaper imports. Very few working coal mines and open-cast quarries now exist in Britain. England The West Midlands region, which covers the western part of the English Midlands. The West Midlands conurbation is the name given to the large conurbation in the region that includes the cities of Birmingham and Wolverhampton. The "Black Country" is a loosely defined area of the English West Midlands which includes the north and west of Birmingham and the south and east of Wolverhampton, famous for its coal mines (especially in Staffordshire), its coal coking operations, and other heavy industry, including iron foundries and steel mills that used local coal to fire their furnaces, all of which produced a level of air pollution that had few equals anywhere in the world. The Kent coalfield in Kent in South East England also had coal mining operations. In South West England, Somerset was the location of the Somerset coalfields until 1973. Yorkshire in North West England also was formerly home to major coal mining operations. Wales The South Wales coalfield provided a large amount of Welsh coal. North America Canada Canada holds 78 billion tonnes of coal, primarily bituminous and sub-bituminous, though Saskatchewan holds significant reserves of lignite coal. The Elk Valley, located in the southeast corner of British Columbia, is host to one of the world's largest deposits of hard coking coal. Five mines are operated by the Teck mining company in this area. United States Coal mining in the United States has historically had economic and cultural dominance in regions such as the Allegheny Mountains and Appalachian Mountains, where it was a major part of identity and traditions. The replacement of workers by mechanization has had major consequences for the industry and for the people it affects. Coal is mined in the Appalachian Mountains region, and the Midwest. Most coal now produced in the United States is mined in western surface mines, especially in Wyoming's Powder River Basin. A surface mining method often used in the Appalachians is mountaintop removal mining. The states with the largest recoverable coal reserves are, in descending order, Wyoming, West Virginia, Illinois, and Montana. The largest single mine in the United States is the North Antelope Rochelle Mine near Gillette, Wyoming; it produces more coal annually than many states. In 2009, it alone produced over 100 million tons of coal, and has plans to produce 130 million ton in 2012 more than 23 other coal producing states including Pennsylvania. Areas with significant coal mining activities include: Coal Region of Pennsylvania - Boasting the largest known deposits of anthracite coal in the world, this region is in Northeastern Pennsylvania, in the central Appalachian Mountains comprising Lackawanna, Luzerne, Columbia, Carbon, Schuylkill, Northumberland, and the extreme northeast corner of Dauphin counties. Major population centers include Scranton, Wilkes-Barre, and Pottsville West Virginia - see economy of West Virginia Eastern Mountain Coal Fields and Western Coal Fields of Kentucky Southern Illinois Coal Fields, including the Harrisburg Coal Field Colorado - including Denver Basin. - (see Coal mining in Colorado) Powder River Basin - (see Coal mining in Wyoming) Raton Basin Oceania Australia Australia contains 76 billion tonnes of coal reserves, or approximately 8 percent of known worldwide deposits. Australian coal deposits include both lignite (brown coal) and black coal. The premier producing areas for Australian coal are the Bowen Basin in the state of Queensland, the Hunter Valley in New South Wales, and the Latrobe Valley in Victoria. See also Company town History of coal mining List of coalfields Trade union Upper Silesian Coal Basin References External links US Department of Energy estimates of worldwide reserves of coal Biggest coal reserves by country Coal mining Coal
Red Point is the seventh EP recorded and performed by the South Korean idol group Teen Top. It was released on January 18, 2016 with "Warning Sign" serving as the album's title track. The album was released in two versions, 'Chic' and 'Urban' and contains six tracks in total. It was the last album to feature L.Joe before his departure on February 10, 2017. Track listing Charts References 2016 EPs Teen Top albums
Noah Brooks (October 24, 1830 – August 16, 1903) was an American journalist and editor who worked for newspapers in Sacramento, San Francisco, Newark, and New York. He is known for authoring a major biography of Abraham Lincoln based on close personal observation. Career Born in Castine, Maine, he moved to Dixon, Illinois in 1856, where he became involved in John C. Frémont's campaign for president. During the campaign, he became friends with Abraham Lincoln. Brooks moved to Kansas in 1857 as a "free state" settler, but returned to Illinois about a year later, then moved to California in 1859. After the death of his wife in 1862, Brooks moved to Washington, D.C. to cover the Lincoln administration for the Sacramento Daily Union. He was accepted into the Lincoln household as an old friend. Unlike most people, Brooks was able to maintain a close friendship with both the President and Mrs. Lincoln. When Brooks was detailed to cover the 1864 Democratic Convention in Chicago, President Lincoln asked Brooks to also report back in detail by private letter. In 1884, Brooks wrote the first novel exclusively about baseball: Our Base Ball Club and How It Won the Championship (New York: E. P. Dutton, 1884). Brooks' 258 Washington dispatches for the Sacramento Daily Union were published under the name "Castine." In 1895, Brooks published his biography of Lincoln, Washington in Lincoln's Time, based on his Castine articles, as well as personal observations and interviews. The book is now considered an indispensable source of information on the Lincoln White House. In 1901, Brooks published The Story of the Lewis and Clark Expedition based largely on the Nicholas Biddle history of the Expedition. Brooks was assisted by the notes written in the margins of his manuscript by Dr. Elliott Coues, who had edited the 1894 edition of Biddle, and who had wide experience as an explorer of the American West. In the 2017 documentary film The Gettysburg Address, Brooks is portrayed by actor Jason Alexander. Notes Further reading Temple, Wayne Calhoun, et al. eds. Lincoln's Confidant: The Life of Noah Brooks (2019). Online book review Neely Jr., Mark E. The Abraham Lincoln Encyclopedia, New York, NY, 1982. "Introduction," The Story of the Lewis and Clark Expedition Mineloa, NY, 2004. Noah Brooks -- Wilson Museum Bulletin The National Cyclopedia of American Biography Wayne C. Temple and Justin G. Turner, "Lincoln's 'Castine:' Noah Brooks", Lincoln Herald vol. 73 (chapters in various numbers) External links Washington in Lincoln's Time from the Internet Archives' American Libraries. Mr. Lincoln's White House on Noah Brooks An article backed by the Lehrman Institute. 1830 births 1903 deaths American newspaper editors American biographers American male biographers People from Castine, Maine People from Dixon, Illinois Historians from Illinois
```go package workflowtemplate import ( "github.com/ovh/cds/engine/api/database/gorpmapping" "github.com/ovh/cds/sdk" ) func init() { gorpmapping.Register( gorpmapping.New(sdk.WorkflowTemplate{}, "workflow_template", true, "id"), gorpmapping.New(sdk.WorkflowTemplateInstance{}, "workflow_template_instance", true, "id"), gorpmapping.New(sdk.AuditWorkflowTemplate{}, "workflow_template_audit", true, "id"), gorpmapping.New(sdk.AuditWorkflowTemplateInstance{}, "workflow_template_instance_audit", true, "id"), gorpmapping.New(sdk.WorkflowTemplateBulk{}, "workflow_template_bulk", true, "id"), ) } ```
Outland is the tenth solo studio album by English musician Gary Numan, released in March 1991. It was Numan's second and last studio album to be released by I.R.S. Records. It reached Number 39 on the UK charts. The songs "Heart" and "My World Storm" were released as singles; "Heart" charted at Number 43, while "My World Storm" eventually became a US-only promo single after a planned UK release was shelved due to the inner turmoil at the label around the release of the album. The latter however reached Number 46 on the US dance chart. The reaction to it was mixed with Q Magazine calling it 'repetitive and full of affection'. Overview Musically, Outland maintained previous albums' synth-pop/dance-funk style, which would continue until the artist's 1994 industrial album Sacrifice. The electro-jazz stylings of Outland are reminiscent of Numan's 1989 collaboration album with Bill Sharpe, Automatic, although its dystopian lyrics are more typical of Numan's solo work. Outland could almost be described as a concept album, as its songs share common themes and (in the case of the tracks "Confession" and "From Russia Infected") common musical and lyrical motifs. Indeed, Outland features more overt references to science-fiction than any other album Numan has released. The album features many vocal samples from notable sci-fi/action movies of the 1980s, including Blade Runner, The Terminator, Aliens and Predator (the title of Outland itself may be a reference to the 1981 science fiction film of the same name). The instrumental interludes on Outland add to the album's cinematic atmosphere. Of the album, Numan recalled: Track listing All songs written by Gary Numan. All timings are approximate and will vary slightly with different equipment. 1991 IRS CD release (EIRSACD 1039) "(Interval 1)" – 1:13 "Soul Protection" – 3:36 "Confession" – 4:17 "My World Storm" – 3:43 "Dream Killer" – 4:22 "Dark Sunday" – 4:02 "Outland" – 4:05 "Heart" – 4:06 "(Interval 2)" – 0:19 "From Russia Infected" – 4:30 "(Interval 3)" – 0:39 "Devotion" – 4:13 "Whisper" – 4:20 1999 EMI reissue (7243 5 21405 2 7) "(Interval 1)" – 1:13 "Soul Protection" – 3:36 "Confession" – 4:17 "My World Storm" – 3:43 "Dream Killer" – 4:22 "Dark Sunday" – 4:02 "Outland" – 4:05 "Heart" – 4:06 "(Interval 2)" – 0:19 "From Russia Infected" – 4:30 "(Interval 3)" – 0:39 "Devotion" – 4:13 "Whisper" – 4:20 "Shame" – 4:48 "Icehouse" – 3:19 "Tread Careful" – 4:14 "My World Storm" (US Promo Mix) – 5:45 "My World Storm" (Alternative Mix) – 3:41 Notes "My World Storm (US Promo Mix)" features a snippet from "Cars". "Shame" was planned as the first single in early 1990, but with the length of time taken for the final release of the album, the single was demoted to the b-side of the eventual first single, "Heart". Personnel Gary Numan – vocals, keyboards, bass, drum programming, percussion programming, acoustic guitar (track 5) Keith Beauvais – guitar Mike Smith – drums, keyboards, acoustic guitar (track 13), slide guitar (track 7), guitar (track 8), bass (track 8), bongos (track 8) Dick Morrissey – saxophone (track 5) Tim Whitehead – saxophone (tracks 6 and 8) Russell Bell – guitar (track 7) Nick Beggs – bass (track 8) Paul Harvey – rhythm guitar (track 12), slide guitar (track 12) Cathi Ogden – backing vocals References [ AllMusic] Discogs.com Gary Numan albums 1991 albums I.R.S. Records albums
Henry Morrison Flagler (January 2, 1830 – May 20, 1913) was an American industrialist and a founder of Standard Oil, which was first based in Ohio. He was also a key figure in the development of the Atlantic coast of Florida and founder of the Florida East Coast Railway. He is also known as a founder of the cities of Miami and Palm Beach, Florida. Early life and education Flagler was born in Hopewell, New York. His father was Isaac Flagler, a Presbyterian minister and great-grandson of Zacharra Flegler, whose family had emigrated from the German Palatinate region to Holland in 1688. Zacharra worked in England for several years before moving to Dutchess County, New York, in 1710. His grandson Solomon changed the spelling of the surname to Flagler and passed it on to his 11 children. Flagler's mother was Elizabeth Caldwell Harkness Flagler, Isaac's third wife and a widow who had a stepson, Stephen V. Harkness, and a son, Daniel M. Harkness, from her marriage to deceased widower David Harkness of Milan, Ohio. Flagler attended local schools through eighth grade. His half-brother Daniel had left Hopewell to live and work with his paternal uncle Lamon G. Harkness, who had a store in Republic, Ohio. He recruited Henry Flagler to join him, and the youth went to Ohio at age 14, where he started work in 1844 at a salary of US$5 per month plus room and board. By 1849, Flagler was promoted to the sales staff at a salary of $40 per month. He later joined Daniel in a grain business started with his uncle Lamon in Bellevue, Ohio, and made a small fortune distilling whiskey. He sold his stake in the business in 1858. In 1862, Flagler and his wife's brother-in-law Barney Hamlin York (1833–1884) founded the Flagler and York Salt Company, a salt mining and production business in Saginaw, Michigan. He found that salt mining required more technical knowledge than he had and struggled in the industry during the Civil War. The company collapsed when the war undercut commercial demand for salt. Flagler returned to Bellevue having lost his initial $50,000 investment and an additional $50,000 he had borrowed from his father-in-law and Daniel. Flagler believed that he had learned a valuable lesson: invest in a business only after thorough investigation. Business and Standard Oil After the failure of his salt business in Saginaw, Flagler returned to Bellevue in 1866 and reentered the grain business as a commission merchant with the Harkness Grain Company. During this time he worked to pay back his stepbrother. Through this business, Flagler became acquainted with John D. Rockefeller, who worked as a commission agent with Hewitt and Tuttle for the Harkness Grain Company. By the mid-1860s, Cleveland had become the center of the oil refining industry in America and Rockefeller left the grain business to start his own oil refinery. Rockefeller worked in association with chemist and inventor Samuel Andrews. Needing capital for his new venture, Rockefeller approached Flagler in 1867. Flagler's stepbrother Stephen V. Harkness invested $100,000 (equivalent to $ in ) on the condition that Flagler be made a partner. The Rockefeller, Andrews & Flagler partnership was formed with Flagler in control of Harkness' interest. The partnership eventually grew into the Standard Oil Corporation. It was Flagler's idea to use the rebate system to strengthen the firm's position against competitors and the transporting enterprises alike. Flagler was in a special position to make those deals due to his connections as a grain merchant. Equivalent to a 15% discount, they put Standard Oil in position to significantly undercut other oil refineries. By 1872, it led the American oil refining industry, producing . In 1877, Flagler and his family moved to New York City, which was becoming the center of commerce in the U.S.. In 1885, Standard Oil moved its corporate headquarters to New York City to the iconic 26 Broadway location. By the end of the American Civil War, Cleveland was one of the five main refining centers in the U.S. (besides Pittsburgh, New York City, Philadelphia, and the region in northwestern Pennsylvania where most of the oil originated). By 1869, there was three times more kerosene refining capacity than needed to supply the market, and the capacity remained in excess for many years. In June 1870, Flagler and Rockefeller formed Standard Oil of Ohio, which rapidly became the most profitable refiner in Ohio. Standard Oil grew to become one of the largest shippers of oil and kerosene in the country. The railroads were fighting fiercely for traffic and, in an attempt to create a cartel to control freight rates, formed the South Improvement Company in collusion with Standard and other oil men outside the main oil centers. The cartel received preferential treatment as a high-volume shipper, which included not just steep rebates of up to 50% for their product but also rebates for the shipment of competing products. Part of this scheme was the announcement of sharply increased freight charges. This touched off a firestorm of protest from independent oil well owners, including boycotts and vandalism, which eventually led to the discovery of Standard Oil's part in the deal. A major New York refiner, Charles Pratt and Company, headed by Charles Pratt and Henry H. Rogers, led the opposition to this plan, and railroads soon backed off. Pennsylvania revoked the cartel's charter, and non-preferential rates were restored for the time being. Undeterred, though vilified for the first time by the press, Flagler and Rockefeller continued with their self-reinforcing cycle of buying competing refiners, improving the efficiency of operations, pressing for discounts on oil shipments, undercutting competition, making secret deals, raising investment pools, and buying rivals out. In less than four months in 1872, in what was later known as "The Cleveland Conquest" or "The Cleveland Massacre", Standard Oil had absorbed 22 of its 26 Cleveland competitors. Eventually, even former antagonists Pratt and Rogers saw the futility of continuing to compete against Standard Oil: in 1874, they made a secret agreement with their old nemesis to be acquired. Pratt and Rogers became Flagler and Rockefeller's partners. Rogers, in particular, became one of Flagler and Rockefeller's key men in the formation of the Standard Oil Trust. Pratt's son, Charles Millard Pratt, became Secretary of Standard Oil. For many of the competitors, Flagler and Rockefeller had merely to show them the books so they could see what they were up against and make them a decent offer. If they refused the offer, Flagler and Rockefeller told them they would run them into bankruptcy and then cheaply buy up their assets at auction. Flagler and Rockefeller saw themselves as the industry's saviors, "an angel of mercy" absorbing the weak and making the industry as a whole stronger, more efficient, and more competitive. Standard was growing horizontally and vertically. It added its own pipelines, tank cars, and home delivery network. It kept oil prices low to stave off competitors, made its products affordable to the average household, and, to increase market penetration, sometimes sold below cost if necessary. It developed over 300 oil-based products from tar to paint to Vaseline petroleum jelly to chewing gum. By the end of the 1870s, Standard was refining over 90% of the oil in the U.S. In 1877, Standard clashed with Thomas A. Scott the president of the Pennsylvania Railroad, its chief hauler. Flagler and Rockefeller had envisioned the use of pipelines as an alternative transport system for oil and began a campaign to build and acquire them. The railroad, seeing Standard's incursion into the transportation and pipeline fields, struck back and formed a subsidiary to buy and build oil refineries and pipelines.This subsidiary, the Empire Transportation Company, which Joseph D. Potts created in 1865 and also ran, owned other assets including a small fleet of ships on the Great Lakes. Standard countered and held back its shipments and, with the help of other railroads, started a price war that dramatically reduced freight payments and caused labor unrest as well. Flagler and Rockefeller eventually prevailed and the railroad sold all its oil interests to Standard. But in the aftermath of that battle, in 1879 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania indicted Flagler and Rockefeller on charges of monopolizing the oil trade, starting an avalanche of similar court proceedings in other states and making a national issue of Standard Oil's business practices. The New York State Legislature's Hepburn Committee in 1879 conducted hearings in response to the complaints of local merchants that were not involved in the oil trade in order to investigate railroad rebate practices. The committee ultimately discovered the previously unknown scope of Standard Oil's business interests. Monopoly Standard Oil gradually gained almost complete control of oil refining and marketing in the United States through horizontal integration. In the kerosene industry, Standard Oil replaced the old distribution system with its own vertical system. It supplied kerosene by tank cars that brought the fuel to local markets, and tank wagons then delivered to retail customers, thus bypassing the existing network of wholesale jobbers. Despite improving the quality and availability of kerosene products while greatly reducing their cost to the public (the price of kerosene dropped by nearly 80% over the life of the company), Standard Oil's business practices created intense controversy. Standard's most potent weapons against competitors were underselling, differential pricing, and secret transportation rebates. The firm was attacked by journalists and politicians throughout its existence, in part for these monopolistic methods, giving momentum to the antitrust movement. By 1880, according to the New York World, Standard Oil was "the most cruel, impudent, pitiless, and grasping monopoly that ever fastened upon a country." To the critics Flagler and Rockefeller replied, "In a business so large as ours... some things are likely to be done which we cannot approve. We correct them as soon as they come to our knowledge." At that time, many legislatures had made it difficult to incorporate in one state and operate in another. As a result, Flagler and Rockefeller and their associates owned dozens of separate corporations, each of which operated in just one state; the management of the whole enterprise was rather unwieldy. In 1882, Flagler and Rockefeller's lawyers created an innovative form of corporation to centralize their holdings, giving birth to the Standard Oil Trust. The "trust" was a corporation of corporations, and the entity's size and wealth drew much attention. Nine trustees, including Rockefeller, ran the 41 companies in the trust. The public and the press were immediately suspicious of this new legal entity, and other businesses seized upon the idea and emulated it, further inflaming public sentiment. Standard Oil had gained an aura of invincibility, always prevailing against competitors, critics, and political enemies. It had become the richest, biggest, most feared business in the world, seemingly immune to the boom and bust of the business cycle, consistently racking up profits year after year. Its vast American empire included 20,000 domestic wells, 4,000 miles of pipeline, 5,000 tank cars, and over 100,000 employees. Its share of world oil refining topped out above 90% but slowly dropped to about 80% for the rest of the century. In spite of the formation of the trust and its perceived immunity from all competition, by the 1880s Standard Oil had passed its peak of power over the world oil market. Flagler and Rockefeller finally gave up their dream of controlling all the world's oil refining. Rockefeller admitted later, "We realized that public sentiment would be against us if we actually refined all the oil." Over time foreign competition and new finds abroad eroded his dominance. In the early 1880s, Flagler and Rockefeller created one of their most important innovations. Rather than try to influence the price of crude oil directly, Standard Oil had been exercising indirect control by altering oil storage charges to suit market conditions. Flagler and Rockefeller then decided to issue certificates against oil stored in Standard Oil's pipelines. These certificates became traded by speculators, thus creating the first oil-futures market which effectively set spot market prices from then on. The National Petroleum Exchange opened in Manhattan in late 1882 to facilitate the oil futures trading. Even though 85% of world crude production was still coming from Pennsylvania wells in the 1880s, overseas drilling in Russia and Asia began to reach the world market. Robert Nobel had established his own refining enterprise in the abundant and cheaper Russian oil fields, including the region's first pipeline and the world's first oil tanker. The Paris Rothschilds jumped into the fray providing financing. Additional fields were discovered in Burma and Java. Even more critical, the invention of the light bulb gradually began to erode the dominance of kerosene for illumination. But Standard Oil adapted, developing its own European presence, expanding into natural gas production in the U.S., then into gasoline for automobiles, which until then had been considered a waste product. Standard Oil moved its headquarters to New York City, at 26 Broadway, and Flagler and Rockefeller became central figures in the city's business community. In 1887, Congress created the Interstate Commerce Commission, which was tasked with enforcing equal rates for all railroad freight, but by then Standard depended more on pipeline transport. More threatening to Standard's power was the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890, originally used to control unions, but later central to the breakup of the Standard Oil trust. Ohio was especially vigorous in applying its state anti-trust laws, and finally forced a separation of Standard Oil of Ohio from the rest of the company in 1892, the first step in the dissolution of the trust. Upon his ascent to the presidency, Theodore Roosevelt initiated dozens of suits under the Sherman Antitrust Act and coaxed reforms out of Congress. In 1901, U.S. Steel, now controlled by J. Pierpont Morgan, having bought Andrew Carnegie's steel assets, offered to buy Standard's iron interests as well. A deal brokered by Henry Clay Frick exchanged Standard's iron interests for U.S. Steel stock and gave Rockefeller and his son membership on the company's board of directors. One of the most effective attacks on Flagler and Rockefeller and their firm was the 1905 publication of The History of the Standard Oil Company, by Ida Tarbell, a leading muckraker. She documented the company's espionage, price wars, heavy-handed marketing tactics, and courtroom evasions. Although her work prompted a huge backlash against the company, Tarbell claims to have been surprised at its magnitude. "I never had an animus against their size and wealth, never objected to their corporate form. I was willing that they should combine and grow as big and wealthy as they could, but only by legitimate means. But they had never played fair, and that ruined their greatness for me." Tarbell's father had been driven out of the oil business during the South Improvement Company affair. Flagler and Rockefeller began a publicity campaign to put the company and themselves in a better light. Though Flagler and Rockefeller had long maintained a policy of active silence with the press, they decided to make themselves more accessible and responded with conciliatory comments such as "capital and labor are both wild forces which require intelligent legislation to hold them in restriction." Flagler and Rockefeller continued to consolidate their oil interests as best they could until New Jersey, in 1909, changed its incorporation laws to effectively allow a re-creation of the trust in the form of a single holding company. Rockefeller retained his nominal title as president until 1911 and he kept his stock. At last in 1911, the Supreme Court of the United States found Standard Oil Company of New Jersey in violation of the Sherman Antitrust Act. By then the trust still had a 70% market share of the refined oil market but only 14% of the U.S. crude oil supply. The court ruled that the trust originated in illegal monopoly practices and ordered it to be broken up into 34 new companies. These included, among many others, Continental Oil, which became Conoco, now part of ConocoPhillips; Pennzoil, now part of Shell; Standard of Indiana, which became Amoco, now part of BP; Standard of California, which became Chevron, still a separate company; Standard of New Jersey, which became Esso (and later, Exxon), now part of ExxonMobil; Standard of New York, which became Mobil, now part of ExxonMobil; and Standard of Ohio, which became Sohio, now part of BP. Flagler's contributions When Flagler envisioned successes in the oil industry, he and Rockefeller started building their fortune in refining oil in Cleveland, Ohio. Cleveland became very well known for oil refining, as, "More and more crude oil was shipped from the oil regions to Cleveland for the refining process because of transportation facilities and the aggressiveness of the refiners there. It was due largely to the efforts of Henry M. Flagler and John D. Rockefeller." Flagler and Rockefeller worked hard for their company to achieve such prominence. Henry explained: "We worked night and day, making good oil as cheaply as possible and selling it for all we could get." Not only did Flagler and Rockefeller's Standard Oil company become well known in Ohio, they expanded to other states, as well as gained additional capital in purchasing smaller oil refining companies across the nation. According to Allan Nevins, in John D. Rockefeller (p 292), "Standard Oil was born as a big enterprise, it had cut its teeth as a partnership and was now ready to plunge forward into a period of greater expansion and development. It soon was doing one tenth of all the petroleum business in the United States. Besides its two refineries and a barrel plant in Cleveland, it possessed a fleet of tank cars and warehouses in the oil regions as well as warehouses and tanks in New York." By 1892, Standard Oil had a monopoly over all oil refineries in the United States. In an overall calculation of America's oil refineries' assets and capital, Standard Oil surpassed all. Standard Oil's combined assets equalled approximately $42,882,650 (equivalent to $ in ) in Indiana, Kentucky, New Jersey, New York and Ohio. Standard Oil also had the highest capitalization, totaling $26,000,000 (equivalent to $ in ). The history of American oil refining begins with Flagler and Rockefeller, as they built the biggest, most prosperous and monopolizing oil empire of their time: Standard Oil. Although Standard Oil was a partnership, Flagler was credited as the brain behind the booming oil refining business. "When John D. Rockefeller was asked if the Standard Oil company was the result of his thinking, he answered, 'No, sir. I wish I had the brains to think of it. It was Henry M. Flagler.'" Flagler served as an active part of Standard Oil until 1882, when he stepped back to take a secondary role at Standard Oil. He served as a vice president through 1908 and was part of ownership until 1911. Florida: resort hotels and railroads When Flagler's first wife Mary (née Harkness) fell sick, his physician recommended they travel to Jacksonville for the winter to escape the brutal conditions of the North. For the first time, Flagler was able to experience the warm, sunny atmosphere of Florida. Two years after his first wife died in 1881, he married again. Ida Alice (née Shourds) Flagler had been a caregiver for Mary. After their wedding, the couple traveled to Saint Augustine. Flagler found the city charming, but the hotel facilities and transportation systems inadequate. Franklin W. Smith had just finished building Villa Zorayda and Flagler offered to buy it for his honeymoon. Smith would not sell, but he planted the seed of St. Augustine's and Florida's future in Flagler's mind. Although Flagler remained on the board of directors of Standard Oil, he gave up his day-to-day involvement in the corporation to pursue his interests in Florida. He returned to St. Augustine in 1885 and made Smith an offer. If Smith could raise $50,000, Flagler would invest $150,000 and they would build a hotel together. Perhaps fortunately for Smith, he couldn't come up with the funds, so Flagler began construction of the 540-room Ponce de Leon Hotel by himself, but spent several times his original estimate. Smith helped train the masons on the mixing and pouring techniques he used on Zorayda. Realizing the need for a sound transportation system to support his hotel ventures, Flagler purchased short line railroads in what would later become known as the Florida East Coast Railway. He used convict leasing — "a method undertaken by the Southern States to replace the economic setup of slavery" — to modernize the existing railroads, allowing them to accommodate heavier loads and more traffic. His next project was the Ponce de Leon Hotel, now part of Flagler College. He invested with the guidance of Dr. Andrew Anderson, a native of St. Augustine. After many years of work, it opened on January 10, 1888, and was an instant success. This project sparked Flagler's interest in creating a new "American Riviera." Two years later, he expanded his Florida holdings. He built a railroad bridge across the St. Johns River to gain access to the southern half of the state and purchased the Hotel Ormond, just north of Daytona. He also built the Alcazar Hotel as an overflow hotel for the Ponce de Leon Hotel. The Alcazar is today the Lightner Museum, next to the Casa Monica Hotel in St. Augustine that Flagler bought from Franklin W. Smith. His personal dedication to the state of Florida was demonstrated when he began construction on his private residence, Kirkside, in St. Augustine. An immense engineering effort was required to cut through the wilderness and marsh from St. Augustine to Palm Beach. The state provided incentive in the form of for every mile () of track constructed. Flagler completed the 1,100-room Royal Poinciana Hotel on the shores of Lake Worth in Palm Beach and extended his railroad to its service town, West Palm Beach, by 1894, founding Palm Beach and West Palm Beach. The Royal Poinciana Hotel was at the time the largest wooden structure in the world. Two years later, Flagler built the Palm Beach Inn (renamed The Breakers in 1901), overlooking the Atlantic Ocean in Palm Beach. Flagler originally intended West Palm Beach to be the terminus of his railroad system, but in 1894 and 1895, severe freezes hit the area, causing Flagler to reconsider. south, the area today known as Miami was reportedly unharmed by the freeze. To further convince Flagler to continue the railroad to Miami, he was offered land in exchange for laying rail tracks from private landowners, the Florida East Coast Canal and Transportation Company, and the Boston and Florida Atlantic Coast Land Company. The land owners were Julia Tuttle, whom he had met in Cleveland, Ohio, and William Brickell, who ran a trading post on the Miami River. Such incentive led to the development of Miami, which was an unincorporated area at the time. Flagler encouraged fruit farming and settlement along his railway line and made many gifts to build hospitals, churches and schools in Florida. By 1896, Flagler's railroad, the Florida East Coast Railway, reached Biscayne Bay. Flagler dredged a channel, built streets, instituted the first water and power systems, and financed the city's first newspaper, The Metropolis. When the city was incorporated in 1896, its citizens wanted to honor the man responsible for its growth by naming it "Flagler". He declined the honor, persuading them to use an old Indian name, "Mayaimi". Instead, an artificial island was constructed in Biscayne Bay called Flagler Monument Island. In 1897, Flagler opened the exclusive Royal Palm Hotel on the north bank of the Miami River where it overlooked Biscayne Bay. He became known as the Father of Miami, Florida. Flagler's second wife, the former Ida Alice Shourds, was declared insane by Flagler's friend Dr. Anderson in 1896 and was institutionalized on and off starting that year. At the same time, he began to have an affair with Mary Lily Kenan; by 1899, newspapers began to openly question whether the two were having an affair. That year he reportedly gave her more than $1 million in jewelry. In 1901, Flagler bribed the Florida Legislature and Governor to pass a law that made incurable insanity grounds for divorce, opening the way for Flagler to remarry. Flagler was the only person to be divorced under the law before it was repealed in 1905. It was not until 1969 that a spouse's incurable insanity (mental incapacity) again became a ground for divorce in Florida. It remains a ground today, but since Florida became a "no fault" divorce state in 1971, there is less need to use that ground to obtain a divorce (dissolution of marriage). On August 24, 1901, 10 days after his divorce, Flagler married Mary Lily at her family's plantation, Liberty Hall, and the couple soon moved into their new Palm Beach estate, Whitehall, a 55-room beaux arts home designed by the New York-based firm of Carrère and Hastings, which also had designed the New York Public Library and the Pan-American Exposition. Built in 1902 as a wedding present to Mary Lily, Whitehall (now the Flagler Museum) was a 60,000-square-foot (5,600 m²) winter retreat that established the Palm Beach "season" of about 8–12 weeks, for the wealthy of America's Gilded Age. By 1905, Flagler decided that his Florida East Coast Railway should be extended from Biscayne Bay to Key West, a point past the end of the Florida peninsula. At the time, Key West was Florida's most populous city, with a population of 20,000, and it was also the United States' deep water port closest to the canal that the U.S. government proposed to build in Panama. Flagler wanted to take advantage of additional trade with Cuba and Latin America as well as the increased trade with the west that the Panama Canal would bring. In 1912, the Florida Overseas Railroad was completed to Key West. Over 30 years, Flagler had invested about $50 million in railroad, home and hotel construction and had made donations to suffering farmers after the freeze in 1894. When asked by the president of Rollins College in Winter Park about his philanthropic efforts, Flagler reportedly replied, "I believe this state is the easiest place for many men to gain a living. I do not believe any one else would develop it if I do not..., but I do hope to live long enough to prove I am a good business man by getting a dividend on my investment." Alleged use of convict leasing and debt peonage Flagler allegedly used convicts leased from Florida prison camps, the majority of them African-American, to clear land for the Royal Palm Hotel in Miami and to build the Florida East Coast Railway from West Palm Beach to Miami and the rail extension to Key West. He also used labor agencies to bring around 4,000 new immigrants to Florida who contracted to work until their transportation costs had been paid off. Due to the harsh working and living conditions in the railway construction camps, many workers became victims of debt slavery. When the Department of Justice prosecuted four Flagler employment agents in 1908 for "conspiracy to hold workmen in peonage and slavery," the Flagler-owned The Florida Times-Union and other Florida newspapers depending on the Times-Union for material or owned by Flagler published articles to "influence juries and public opinion." The judge instructed the jury to find them not guilty because the "prosecution had failed to prove 'an agreement of minds with evil intent to conspire'." A congressional investigation in 1909 concluded that "there had been little immigrant peonage in the South and none in the ... [railway camps] camps in the Keys. Congress concluded that newspapers in Florida and across the South spread the deceitful news against Flagler." According to historian Joe Knetsch, reformers and muckrakers exaggerated charges of peonage regarding construction of the Florida East Coast Railway in 1893 to 1909. Flager and his lawyers defeated all legal challenges and neither the company or its employees were ever convicted in court. However there were many reports of harsh working conditions and forced indebtedness to the company, and malfeasance by labor agents who hired men for the railway. Knetsch concludes that "Flagler in fact provided health care for his employees and was a far better employer than the press alleged." Death and legacy In March 1913, Flagler fell down a flight of marble stairs at Whitehall. He never recovered and died in Palm Beach of his injuries on May 20, 1913, at 83 years of age. At 3 p.m. on the day of the funeral, May 23, 1913, every engine on the Florida East Coast Railway stopped wherever it was for ten minutes as a tribute to Flagler. It was reported that people along the railway line waited all night for the passing of the funeral train as it traveled from Palm Beach to St. Augustine. Flagler was entombed in the Flagler family mausoleum at Memorial Presbyterian Church in St. Augustine alongside his first wife, Mary Harkness; daughter, Jenny Louise; and granddaughter, Marjorie. Only his son Harry Harkness Flagler survived of the three children by his first marriage in 1853 to Mary Harkness. A large portion of his estate was designated for a "niece" who was said actually to be a child born out of wedlock. When looking back at Flagler's life, after Flagler's death, George W. Perkins, of J.P. Morgan & Co., reflected, "But that any man could have the genius to see of what this wilderness of waterless sand and underbrush was capable and then have the nerve to build a railroad here, is more marvelous than similar development anywhere else in the world." Miami's main east-west street is named Flagler Street and is the main shopping street in Downtown Miami. There is also a monument to him on Flagler Monument Island in Biscayne Bay in Miami; Flagler College and Flagler Hospital are named after him in St. Augustine. Flagler County, Florida, Flagler Beach, Florida, and Flagler, Colorado, are also named for him. Whitehall, Palm Beach, is open to the public as the Henry Morrison Flagler Museum; his private railcar No. 91 is preserved inside a Beaux Arts pavilion built to look like a 19th-century railway palace. On February 24, 2006, a statue of Flagler was unveiled in Key West near the spot where the Over-Sea Railroad once terminated. Also, on July 28, 2006, a statue of Flagler was unveiled on the southeast steps of Miami's Dade County Courthouse, located on Miami's Flagler Street. The Overseas Railroad, also known as the Key West Extension of the Florida East Coast Railway, was heavily damaged and partially destroyed in the Labor Day Hurricane of 1935. The railroad was financially unable to rebuild the destroyed sections, so the roadbed and remaining bridges were sold to the State of Florida, which built the Overseas Highway to Key West, using much of the remaining railway infrastructure. Flagler's third wife, Mary Lily Kenan Flagler Bingham was born in North Carolina. The top-ranked Kenan-Flagler Business School at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill is named for Flagler and his wife, who was an early benefactor of UNC along with her family and descendants. After Flagler's death, she married an old friend, Robert Worth Bingham, who used an inheritance from her to buy the Louisville Courier-Journal newspaper. The Bingham-Flagler marriage (and questions about her death or possible murder) figured prominently in several books that appeared in the 1980s, when the Bingham family sold the newspaper in the midst of great acrimony. Control of the Flagler fortune largely passed into the hands of Mary Lily Kenan's family of sisters and brother, who survived into the 1960s. See also Standard Oil Florida East Coast Railway Mary Flagler Cary St. Augustine, Florida Casa Monica Hotel - purchased by Flagler and renamed Cordova Ponce de León Hotel - Built by Flagler The Alcazar Hotel now the Lightner Museum Flagler Memorial Presbyterian Church St. Augustine, FL Palm Beach, Florida Royal Poinciana Hotel Whitehall now Henry Morrison Flagler Museum Breakers Hotel Miami Royal Palm Hotel (Miami) Flagler Beach, Florida Flagler, Colorado List of railroad executives References Bibliography Knetsch, Joe. "The Peonage Controversy and the Florida East Coast Railway," Tequesta (1999), Vol. 59, pp 5–28. Further reading online Noted by the author as the official history of the Florida East Coast Railway. Graham, Thomas. "Henry M. Flagler's Hotel Ponce de León." Journal of Decorative and Propaganda Arts (1998): 97-111. [ Graham, Thomas. Mr. Flagler’s St. Augustine (University Press of Florida, 2014), online. Keys, Leslee F. Hotel Ponce de Leon: The Rise, Fall, and Rebirth of Flagler’s Gilded Age Palace (University Press of Florida, 2015) online. Mendez, Jesus. "1892-A Year of Crucial Decisions in Florida", Florida Historical Quarterly, Summer 2009, Vol. 88 Issue 1, pp 83–106, focus on Flager's aggressive urban development of the city of St. Augustine, his improvement of the local railroad networks between several Florida communities, and negotiations regarding international government trade policies and regulations. Ossman, Laurie; Ewing, Heather (2011). Carrère and Hastings, The Masterworks. Rizzoli USA. . External links Henry Flagler biography History of The Breakers Hotel Flagler College Indiana Transportation Museum exhibit of Henry Flagler's private railroad car (Florida East Coast No.90) Photo of Flagler and his wife Ohio Historical Marker 5-39 located in Bellevue, Ohio Railroad Bells at A History of Central Florida Podcast 1830 births 1913 deaths 19th-century American railroad executives American hoteliers American businesspeople in the oil industry American railway entrepreneurs 20th-century American railroad executives American real estate businesspeople American city founders Businesspeople from Florida Businesspeople from Michigan Businesspeople from New York (state) Florida pioneers Harkness family History of Key West, Florida History of Miami Businesspeople from Cleveland People from Bellevue, Ohio People from Hopewell, New York People from Palm Beach, Florida People from Saginaw, Michigan People from St. Augustine, Florida Standard Oil West Palm Beach, Florida American Presbyterians Gilded Age Florida East Coast Railway American people of German descent Flagler family
Botany Bay Heritage Preserve & Wildlife Management Area is a state preserve on Edisto Island, South Carolina. Botany Bay Plantation was formed in the 1930s from the merger of the Colonial-era Sea Cloud Plantation and Bleak Hall Plantation. In 1977, it was bequeathed to the state as a wildlife preserve; it was opened to the public in 2008. The preserve includes a number of registered historic sites, including two listed in the National Register of Historic Places: a set of three surviving 1840s outbuildings from Bleak Hall Plantation, and the prehistoric Fig Island shell rings. History Sea Cloud Plantation In 1695, Christopher Hinkley received a grant of on Edisto Island. In 1727, the property was acquired by Paul Hamilton Sr.; in 1748, by Paul Hamilton Jr. At some time after the Revolutionary War, a parcel adjoining the Hamilton property was acquired by Normand McLeod. At some point, the property was acquired by Ephraim Mikell Seabrook; in about 1825, he built a house there. It has been suggested that the name "Sea Cloud Plantation" was bestowed after the marriage of a Seabrook to a McLeod. Bleak Hall Plantation In the late 1790s, Daniel Townsend III began developing Bleak Hall Plantation. In 1799, his first son, John Townsend, was born at the plantation. His wife was Hephzibah Jenkins Townsend. In about 1805, a mansion was built; in about 1842, John Townsend inherited the property. At some point in the 1840s, he acquired the Sea Cloud Plantation as well. John Townsend was noted as an agriculturist and political leader in 19th century South Carolina. He was one of the state's largest planters of Sea Island cotton; his cotton commanded a high price from lace-makers in Belgium and France, and won several prizes, for both its quality and its length. Between 1822 and 1858, Townsend served several terms in the South Carolina General Assembly. In the census of 1860, John Townsend was registered as the owner of 272 enslaved laborers. In that year, he defended the institution of slavery and advocated for secession from the Union to protect it in an address to the Edisto Island Vigilant Association. In the early 1860s, Townsend was a delegate to the state's Secession Convention, and a signer of the Ordinance of Secession, whereby South Carolina withdrew from the United States, part of a chain of events leading to the American Civil War. In November 1861, Edisto Island was evacuated. During the Civil War, both Union and Confederate forces used the cupola atop the Bleak Hall plantation house as a lookout. This house burned down during or shortly after the war, and a new one was built in a mix of Victorian styles. The war had disrupted property records, and Townsend was only able to establish his ownership of the combined plantations through an appeal to U.S. president Andrew Johnson. Townsend died at Bleak Hall in 1881. The plantation continued to produce a valuable crop of Sea Island cotton until 1917, when the boll weevil reached Edisto Island. By the early 1920s, production of cotton had ceased, and the plantation was used for farming and timber production. Botany Bay Plantation The Bleak Hall and Sea Cloud plantations remained in the Townsend family until 1933, when they were bought by Dr. James C. Greenway, part of the Lauder Greenway Family, who combined them to form Botany Bay Plantation. In 1968, hotel and real estate magnate John E. "Jason" Meyer bought Botany Bay. An enthusiastic outdoorsman, Meyer bequeathed the plantation to the state of South Carolina as a wildlife preserve, but stipulated that should he predecease his wife Margaret, she would retain the use of the property. John Meyer died in 1977; his widow remarried as Margaret Pepper, and remained on the plantation, continuing to manage and improve the property for conservation purposes, until her death in 2007. In 2008, the property was opened to the public under the name "Botany Bay Plantation Heritage Preserve/Wildlife Management Area", managed by the South Carolina Department of Natural Resources. Historic preservation Bleak Hall outbuildings Three outbuildings from the Bleak Hall Plantation, thought to date from the 1840s, remain on the Botany Bay preserve. In 1973, the buildings were listed in the National Register of Historic Places, for their connection with John Townsend and as surviving examples of the Gothic Revival architecture used on the plantation. One of these buildings is a 1 1/2-story icehouse, built out of wood on a partial basement with tabby walls. The building has a high gable roof oriented north-south; on the east and west sides are high triangular dormers, each with two pointed windows and a small balcony. Three-level wooden spires, topped with pendants, rise from the peaks of the gables and the dormers. The roof is slightly flared at the eaves. Barge boards cut in circular designs decorate the gable eaves; boards decorated with dentils run below the eaves on the east and west sides of the building. The north and south ends both have two doors: one at ground level and one in the gable. Two paneless windows closed by narrow shutters flank each of the lower-level windows. On the east and west sides of the building are mock Gothic doors and windows. Near the icehouse is a small tabby building, thought to have been used as a gardener's shed and/or a smokehouse. The building has a single door and no windows. The roof is slightly bell-cast, clad with cypress shingles, and topped with a wood finial; a board decorated with large serrated dentils runs around the building below the eaves. A short distance from these two buildings, near the site of the original Bleak Hall house, is another tabby building, thought to have been used as a barn during the Colonial period and subsequently used as an equipment shed. The building's high gable roof, oriented north-south, is clad in cypress shingles. A wooden spire topped with a pendant rises from each gable end. Barge boards decorated with dentils cover the gable eaves; boards decorated with serrations run below the east and west eaves. There are doors on the north and south sides. Near the icehouse and the gardener's shed/smokehouse are the remnants of John Townsend's Japanese garden. When the Perry Expedition returned from the Orient in 1855, they were accompanied by one Oqui, variously described as a "Japanese botanist", a "Japanese gardener", and a Chinese florist and gardener. Learning of this, Townsend travelled to Washington, D.C., and persuaded Oqui to return to South Carolina with him, there to lay out extensive Oriental formal gardens. Remains of the gardens, including some of the exotic plants, survive into the early 21st century. Other historic sites Twenty-one registered historic sites lie on Botany Bay Heritage Preserve & WMA, including the remains of the Sea Cloud plantation house, the chimney of a slave house, and a beehive-shaped brick well originally built to provide water for the Sea Cloud slaves. The Fig Island Shell Rings, with an age estimated at 3000–5000 years, are on the property; they are listed in the National Register of Historic Places. Wildlife and habitat Botany Bay HP * WMA includes a variety of habitats: of marine and estuarine wetlands, including of beachfront used for nesting by endangered loggerhead sea turtles and least terns; of upland, consisting chiefly of mixed pine-hardwood forest; and of agricultural fields, managed for dove hunting and as food plots for wildlife. A set of dikes creates freshwater and brackish ponds. References National Register of Historic Places in Charleston County, South Carolina Agricultural buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina Gothic Revival architecture in South Carolina Buildings and structures completed in 1840 Buildings and structures in Charleston County, South Carolina
Hirasea profundispira is a species of small air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Endodontidae. This is an endangered species. Distribution This species (and indeed the whole genus) is endemic to Japan. References Molluscs of Japan Endodontidae Gastropods described in 1902 Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
William Easton (born 17 July 1986) is a Scottish footballer who plays for Kilsyth Rangers in the Scottish Junior Football Association, West Region as a left winger. He began his career in the Scottish Premier League for Dundee United, making his debut in 2006. He also played for Stirling Albion on loan before signing for Ayr United in 2008. Since entering junior football in 2011, Easton has had spells with Kirkintilloch Rob Roy, Pollok and Cambuslang Rangers prior to joining Kilsyth in 2015. Career Easton was a product of Dundee United's youth system and made his first-team debut for United in May 2006, as a substitute in the 1–1 draw against Motherwell on the final day of the 2005–06 SPL season. The following season, Easton made a further seven appearances, with one start in May 2007. Earlier, in January 2007, Easton began training with Raith Rovers in preparation for a loan move, although no move materialised. On 28 August 2007, Easton moved on loan to Stirling Albion, making his debut in the 2–0 defeat by Heart of Midlothian in the League Cup match that same day. He returned to Dundee United at the end of 2007 and was released from his contract a few days later. On 6 January 2008, Easton joined Ayr United. Easton was released by Ayr in May 2011 and joined Junior side Kirkintilloch Rob Roy later that summer. Easton Joined Pollok at the start of season 2013–14 before moving to Cambuslang Rangers in 2014 and then Kilsyth Rangers in 2015. Career statistics References External links 1986 births Footballers from Rutherglen Living people Scottish men's footballers Scottish Premier League players Dundee United F.C. players Stirling Albion F.C. players Ayr United F.C. players Kirkintilloch Rob Roy F.C. players Scottish Junior Football Association players Scottish Football League players Pollok F.C. players Cambuslang Rangers F.C. players Kilsyth Rangers F.C. players Men's association football wingers
```python # # or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file # distributed with this work for additional information # regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file # # path_to_url # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, # "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY # specific language governing permissions and limitations """"A pipeline that uses RunInference to perform translation with a T5 language model. This pipeline takes a list of english sentences and then uses the T5ForConditionalGeneration from Hugging Face to translate the english sentence into german. """ import argparse import sys import apache_beam as beam from apache_beam.ml.inference.base import RunInference from apache_beam.ml.inference.pytorch_inference import PytorchModelHandlerTensor from apache_beam.ml.inference.pytorch_inference import make_tensor_model_fn from apache_beam.options.pipeline_options import PipelineOptions from transformers import AutoConfig from transformers import AutoTokenizer from transformers import T5ForConditionalGeneration class Preprocess(beam.DoFn): def __init__(self, tokenizer: AutoTokenizer): self._tokenizer = tokenizer def process(self, element): """ Process the raw text input to a format suitable for T5ForConditionalGeneration model inference Args: element: A string of text Returns: A tokenized example that can be read by the T5ForConditionalGeneration """ input_ids = self._tokenizer( element, return_tensors="pt", padding="max_length", max_length=512).input_ids return input_ids class Postprocess(beam.DoFn): def __init__(self, tokenizer: AutoTokenizer): self._tokenizer = tokenizer def process(self, element): """ Process the PredictionResult to print the translated texts Args: element: The RunInference output to be processed. """ decoded_inputs = self._tokenizer.decode( element.example, skip_special_tokens=True) decoded_outputs = self._tokenizer.decode( element.inference, skip_special_tokens=True) print(f"{decoded_inputs} \t Output: {decoded_outputs}") def parse_args(argv): """Parses args for the workflow.""" parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() parser.add_argument( "--model_state_dict_path", dest="model_state_dict_path", required=True, help="Path to the model's state_dict.", ) parser.add_argument( "--model_name", dest="model_name", required=False, help="Path to the model's state_dict.", default="t5-11b", ) return parser.parse_known_args(args=argv) def run(): """ Runs the interjector pipeline which translates English sentences into German using the RunInference API. """ known_args, pipeline_args = parse_args(sys.argv) pipeline_options = PipelineOptions(pipeline_args) gen_fn = make_tensor_model_fn('generate') model_handler = PytorchModelHandlerTensor( state_dict_path=known_args.model_state_dict_path, model_class=T5ForConditionalGeneration, model_params={ "config": AutoConfig.from_pretrained(known_args.model_name) }, device="cpu", inference_fn=gen_fn) eng_sentences = [ "The house is wonderful.", "I like to work in NYC.", "My name is Shubham.", "I want to work for Google.", "I am from India." ] task_prefix = "translate English to German: " task_sentences = [task_prefix + sentence for sentence in eng_sentences] tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(known_args.model_name) # [START Pipeline] with beam.Pipeline(options=pipeline_options) as pipeline: _ = ( pipeline \| "CreateInputs" >> beam.Create(task_sentences) \| "Preprocess" >> beam.ParDo(Preprocess(tokenizer=tokenizer)) \| "RunInference" >> RunInference(model_handler=model_handler) \| "PostProcess" >> beam.ParDo(Postprocess(tokenizer=tokenizer))) # [END Pipeline] if __name__ == "__main__": run() ```
Paul Peterson (born July 29, 1980) is an American football coach and former player. He is the head football coach at Utah Tech University, formerly named Dixie State University, in St. George, Utah, a position he has held since the 2019 season. Peterson played college football as quarterback at Boston College. He was the first Boston College quarterback to start his career 6–0, and compiled a 12–2 record for his career with the Boston College Eagles, including two bowl game victories, in the 2003 San Francisco Bowl and 2004 Continental Tire Bowl. He was named the Big East Offensive Player of the Week twice, the MVP of the Continental Tire Bowl, and BC's team MVP in 2004. Playing career High school Peterson was an all-state selection as junior and senior at Bingham High School in South Jordan, Utah. He holds the school's single-season record for passing yardage (2,011) and career record for passing yards (3,900). He totaled 38 touchdown passes including 20 in his senior season. He also played baseball and basketball. After high school, Peterson served a two-year Mormon mission in Nicaragua (August 1999–July 2001). Junior college Peterson played the 2001 and 2002 seasons at Snow College, a junior college in Ephraim, Utah. In 2001, he threw for 2,518 yards and 20 touchdowns. In 2002, he earned JC Grid-Wire All-America honors and All-Western States Football League first team honors after leading the Badgers to an 8–2 record, throwing for 2,982 yards and 35 touchdowns in 10 games. He led the National Junior College Athletic Association (NJCAA) in both passing yards and touchdowns. Boston College 2003 season After starting the year as a backup, Peterson came on strong at the end of the season to win the starting quarterback job from Quinton Porter, leading the Eagles to wins in each of their last three games. He completed 16-of-25 passes for 224 yards and two touchdowns to lead the team to a 35–21 win over Colorado State in the Diamond Walnut San Francisco Bowl. He finished the season completing 84 of 147 passes for 1,124 yards, 10 touchdowns, and seven interceptions. 2004 season Peterson won Big East Offensive Player of the Week twice, Big East Co-Offensive Player of the Week once, and Big East Offensive Player once. He started 10 games until missing the season finale due to a fractured second metacarpal in his right (throwing) hand late in the second quarter against Temple. Peterson came back to complete 24 of 33 passes for 236 yards and two touchdowns in BC's 37–24 win over North Carolina in the Continental Tire Bowl before exiting the game in the second half with a broken leg. However, he still earned game MVP honors. Megan, his wife, picked up his trophy on the field after the game. He finished the season with 2,594 passing yards, 18 touchdowns, and 10 interceptions. Peterson concluded his career with 3,718 yards (eighth all time), 28 touchdowns (sixth all time), and a 60.8 completion percentage (sixth all time). CFL Peterson signed with the Ottawa Renegades of the Canadian Football League (CFL) before the 2005 season. He was released after week 10. Coaching career Peterson was a graduate assistant at Brigham Young University (BYU) in 2006 and at North Carolina State University in 2007. In 2008, Peterson joined Southern Utah University coaching staff as the quarterbacks and wide receivers coach. Peterson was hired as the 21st head football coach at Snow College on January 23, 2017. He then took the Head coaching position at Dixie State University on December 2, 2018. Personal life Peterson is the sixth of ten children. His older brother, Charlie, is a former BYU quarterback who played professionally in the Arena Football League (AFL) and Canadian Football League (CFL) Head coaching record College Junior college References External links Dixie State profile Boston College profile 1980 births Living people 20th-century Mormon missionaries 21st-century Mormon missionaries American expatriates in Nicaragua American football quarterbacks American Mormon missionaries Boston College Eagles football players BYU Cougars football coaches Utah Tech Trailblazers football coaches Mormon missionaries in Nicaragua NC State Wolfpack football coaches Ottawa Renegades coaches Sacramento State Hornets football coaches Snow Badgers football coaches Snow Badgers football players Southern Utah Thunderbirds football coaches Sportspeople from Allentown, Pennsylvania People from South Jordan, Utah Sportspeople from Salt Lake County, Utah Coaches of American football from Utah Players of American football from Utah Latter Day Saints from Utah
```shell #!/usr/bin/env bash # Tags: long, no-debug set -e CUR_DIR=$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd) CLICKHOUSE_CLIENT_SERVER_LOGS_LEVEL=none # shellcheck source=../shell_config.sh . "$CUR_DIR"/../shell_config.sh ${CLICKHOUSE_CLIENT} --query="DROP TABLE IF EXISTS t" ${CLICKHOUSE_CLIENT} --query="CREATE TABLE t (x Int8) ENGINE = MergeTree ORDER BY tuple()" function thread_ops() { local TIMELIMIT=$((SECONDS+$1)) local it=0 while [ $SECONDS -lt "$TIMELIMIT" ] && [ $it -lt 100 ]; do it=$((it+1)) ${CLICKHOUSE_CLIENT} --query="INSERT INTO t VALUES (0)" ${CLICKHOUSE_CLIENT} --query="INSERT INTO t VALUES (0)" ${CLICKHOUSE_CLIENT} --query="OPTIMIZE TABLE t FINAL" 2>/dev/null & ${CLICKHOUSE_CLIENT} --query="ALTER TABLE t DETACH PARTITION tuple()" ${CLICKHOUSE_CLIENT} --query="SELECT count() FROM t HAVING count() > 0" done } export -f thread_ops TIMEOUT=30 thread_ops $TIMEOUT & wait $CLICKHOUSE_CLIENT -q "DROP TABLE t" ```
The Finniss River is a river south of Darwin, running west from the flank of Mount Minza, passing north of Litchfield National Park and flowing into the sea at Fog Bay. The East Branch of the Finniss was heavily polluted during the 1970s due to uranium mining at Rum Jungle mine about 105 km south of Darwin. The Finniss River Land Claim was presented to Judge John Toohey in 1981 but the former Rum Jungle mine site, contained within Area 4 of the Finniss River Land Claim (1981) was excluded from the grant to the Finniss River Land Trust due to the concerns of the Kungarakany and Warai peoples who are joint traditional Aboriginal owners of that area. Aboriginal heritage The Kungarakan, Warai and Maranunggu peoples are traditional owners of lands in the Finniss River region. Alyandabu, who was born near the Finniss River, was a respected elder of the Kungarakan people. European history The Finniss River was named by Frederick Litchfield after Colonel Boyle Travers Finniss who was appointed Government Resident of the Northern Territory in 1864. Wildlife The Finniss River is well known as a popular fishing spot to catch the famous and highly prized catching and eating fish the Barramundi. The river is also home to a large number of saltwater crocodiles. In July 1979 the river was also the home of Sweetheart, a 17 foot long saltwater crocodile. Rangers captured Sweetheart but he died of accidental drowning during transportation. He is preserved and exhibited in Darwin at the Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory. 2003 Crocodile Attack In 2003 Brett Mann was tragically killed by a 3.8m black coloured crocodile. Mann was swept away off a sand bar and downstream by a rising river levels, and killed by a 3.8m crocodile. Two of his friends who were with Mann, jumped into the river to save him, and survived the ordeal by clinging onto the fork of a tree for 22 hours. The crocodile continued circling the pair all night until they were rescued by a helicopter. This incident inspired the 2007 movie Black Water. References Further reading Stringer, Col & Jakku, Ero 1986, The saga of Sweetheart, Adventure Publications, Casuarina, N.T Dickinson, Janet 2000, A tribute to Boyne & Glad Litchfield, the author, Mackay, Qld Iddon, Ron, 1940- & Mabey, John & Absalom, Jack, 1927- & Mabey, Rhonda & Sorena Pty Ltd 1988, The Rise of the crocodile, Sorena, Sydney Rivers of the Northern Territory
Calgary-Peigan is a provincial electoral district in Alberta, Canada. The district will be one of 87 districts mandated to return a single member (MLA) to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta using the first past the post method of voting. It was contested for the first time in the 2019 Alberta election. Geography The district is located in eastern Calgary, containing the western part of Dover, the neighbourhoods of Ogden, Riverbend, Quarry Park, Douglasdale and Douglasglen, the northern part of McKenzie Lake, and the former hamlet of Shepard. It is bounded on the west by the Bow River and stretches to the eastern edge of Calgary, also including the sprawling industrial subdivisions around the CPR lands and Ralph Klein Park. It is named for Peigan Trail SE, which forms part of its northern boundary. History The district was created in 2017 when the Electoral Boundaries Commission recommended abolishing Calgary-Fort and shifting the boundaries of Calgary-Hays southward. Calgary-Peigan was formed from most of Calgary-Fort, the northern neighbourhoods of Calgary-Hays, and a small part of Calgary-Acadia (the neighbourhood of Riverbend). As Fort Calgary was moved to the district of Calgary-Buffalo, the name Calgary-Fort could no longer be used. Electoral results References Alberta provincial electoral districts Politics of Calgary
Arnold Edwin "Arnie" Kullman (October 9, 1927 – June 11, 1999) was a Canadian ice hockey centreman who played 13 National Hockey League (NHL) games with the Boston Bruins between 1948 and 1950 and 12 American Hockey League (AHL) seasons with Hershey Bears between 1948 and 1960. His jersey #9 is retired by the Bears. Personal life Kullman was born on October 9, 1927, in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. Kullman's grandson Justin is the former equipment manager of the Hershey Bears. He was also related to the late Eddie Kullman of the New York Rangers. Career Kullman made his professional ice hockey career debut with the Boston Bruins American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate, the Hershey Bears, during the 1948–49 AHL season. In the following season, he was called up for a 14 game stint with the Boston Bruins of the National Hockey League, but was subsequently returned to Hershey on January 11, 1950. Kullman continued his dominance of the American Hockey League and recorded seven consecutive 20 goal seasons until 1956. Although his game slid after the 1955–56 season, he remained one of the few active 200 goal scorers and played on the Bears' penalty kill. He had a career high season during the 1953–54 campaign in which he recorded 81 points; 40 goals and 41 assists. Throughout his 12 seasons with the Bears, Kullman dominated the Hershey Bears and set multiple records before officially retiring in April 1960. At the time of his retirement, Kullman ranked second in games played and goals, third in points and fourth in assists. Kullman died on June 11, 1999, in Hershey, Pennsylvania. Career statistics Regular season and playoffs Awards and achievements Calder Cup (AHL) Championships (1958 & 1959) Honoured Member of the Manitoba Hockey Hall of Fame AHL All-Stars (1955) References External links 1927 births 1999 deaths Boston Bruins players Boston Olympics players Brandon Elks players Canadian ice hockey centres Hershey Bears players Ice hockey people from Winnipeg Winnipeg Rangers players
The Gospel of the Twelve Apostles is a gospel text that summarizes the four canonical gospels and the beginning of the Acts of the Apostles followed by three apocalypses. It survives only in a single manuscript and is inspired by the Apocalypse of Pseudo-Methodius. Its eschatological expectations was both simple and updated from previous Syriac apocalyptical texts of the same period and is a witness to the Syrian Christian strategy on coping with Muslim rule in the second half of the seventh century as the Muslim rule was no longer being perceived as a temporary event causing apocalyptic tensions to dissipate. It also advocates disconnection from Judaism and non-Miaphysite and presents the author's advocacy in their own community to not have them convert to Islam but have the community keep the true faith. Codex Harvard Syriac 93 The Gospel of the Twelve Apostles survives in the incomplete codex Harvard Syriac 93, and by palaeography, J. Rendel Harris dates it to the middle of the eighth-century AD. The codex is from Harris's private collection which Harris numbered it as eighty-five (Cod. Syr. Harris 85) and is written in Estrangelo. The leaves are damaged, and Harris had to reconstruct the codex as he had received it with the leaves disorganized. The codex contains a variety of documents such as letters by Jacob of Edessa, an excerpt by Severus of Antioch, a variety of apostolic canons, discussions of individuals who recant their heresy, and an investigation of heavenly entities. After a written series of questions, it is followed up with an eleven-folio collection called the Gospel of the Twelve Apostles with the Revelations of Each of Them with an introduction to the Gospel of the Twelve Apostles followed by the Apocalypse of Simeon Kepha, the Apocalypse of James the Apostle, the Apocalypse of John the Little, and an extract from the Doctrine of Addai. J. Rendel Harris published an edition of these texts in 1900. The Gospel of the Twelve Apostles begins at folio 47r and ends on folio 58r. The Gospel in the manuscript takes up twenty-two pages, and in Harris's edition, twenty-one pages. Narrative overview The text begins with a summarization of the canonical gospels to Jesus's appearance before the apostles after the resurrection, to grant the apostles spiritual power and to appoint them. The apostles question him concerning the time of redemption, and of his rejection as referenced in the Acts of the Apostles (Acts 1:6-7) but more extended. Proceeded after a prayer, the apostles are then informed about their appointments, to speak of "those things that are and those that are to come" according to the power of the Holy Spirit. The apostles pray for revelation after he ascended, and the gospel is concluded after the following three apocalypses: the Apocalypse of Simeon Kepha, the Apocalypse of James the Apostle, and the Apocalypse of John the Little. Textual analysis The title of the text is present in the manuscript and has often been associated with the second century Gospel of the Twelve referenced by Epiphanius of Salamis who designated its use amongst the Ebionites, and in Origen's Homily on Luke who refers to it as "of the Twelve Apostles". The author of the Syriac Gospel of the Twelve Apostles attempts to establish their gospel as deriving from an ancient source by referring to their own translation of the work originating first from Hebrew then to Greek into Syriac which presented the text as an original Hebrew Gospel of the Twelve Apsotles, but the author's Syriac gospel differentiates from that of Epiphanius's as the introduction is different, and John the Baptist is completely absent from their gospel. The apostles in the Syriac author's gospel do not speak for themselves, nor are they represented by Matthew the Apostle. With that evidence, J. Rendel Harris concludes the title of the text to be fabricated, and the text composed at a late period. Citations Sources Texts in Syriac Christian apocalyptic writings 8th-century Christian texts Pseudepigraphy
Lostau is a village and a former municipality in the Jerichower Land district, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Since 1 January 2010, it is part of the municipality Möser. Former municipalities in Saxony-Anhalt Möser
The 1987 New York Mets season was the 26th regular season for the Mets. The Mets entered the season as the defending World Series champions. They went 92–70 and finished 2nd in the NL East. They were managed by Davey Johnson. The team played home games at Shea Stadium. Offseason November 12, 1986: Ron Gardenhire was traded by the Mets to the Minnesota Twins for a player to be named later. The Twins completed the deal by sending Dominic Iasparro (minors) to the Mets on April 4, 1987. December 9, 1986: Heathcliff Slocumb was drafted from the Mets by the Chicago Cubs in the 1986 minor league draft. December 11, 1986: Kevin Mitchell, Stan Jefferson, Shawn Abner, Kevin Armstrong (minors) and Kevin Brown (minors) were traded by the Mets to the San Diego Padres for Kevin McReynolds, Gene Walter, and Adam Ging (minors). December 17, 1986: Doug Gwosdz was traded by the Mets to the Seattle Mariners for Ricky Nelson. February 9, 1987: Clint Hurdle was signed as a free agent by the Mets. March 27, 1987: Ed Hearn, Rick Anderson, and Mauro Gozzo were traded by the Mets to the Kansas City Royals for David Cone and Chris Jelic. Regular season June 5, 1987: A mock ceremony called "Spider-Man's wedding" took place to promote a special wedding issue of the Amazing Spider-Man comic book at home plate in front of more than 45,000 fans just before the New York Mets played the Pittsburgh Pirates. Actors portrayed as fictional comic book characters Spider-Man and Mary Jane Watson (wearing a wedding gown designed by Willi Smith), participated in the ceremony. Stan Lee, publisher of Marvel Comics and co-creator of Spider-Man officiated the ceremony prior to the Mets match. The Mets won the game against the Pirates afterwards, 1-5. Standings Record vs. opponents Milestones Howard Johnson became the eighth member of the 30–30 club by hitting for at least 30 home runs and getting at least 30 stolen bases in the same season. Johnson was the first infielder to join the 30–30 club. Darryl Strawberry became the second Met in the season and the tenth member overall of the 30–30 club Notable transactions May 11, 1987: Ricky Nelson was traded by the Mets to the Cleveland Indians for Don Schulze. June 2, 1987: 1987 Major League Baseball Draft Todd Hundley was drafted by the Mets in the 2nd round. Player signed June 15, 1987. Eric Hillman was drafted by the New York Mets in the 16th round of the 1987 amateur draft. Player signed June 5, 1987. Anthony Young was drafted by the Mets in the 38th round. Player signed June 6, 1987. September 15, 1987: Jeff Richardson and Shane Young (minors) were traded by the Mets to the California Angels for John Candelaria. Roster Player stats Batting Starters by position Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in Other batters Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in Pitching Starting pitchers Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts Other pitchers Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts Relief pitchers Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts Awards and honors Darryl Strawberry – Player of the Month, September 1987 All-Star Game Farm system References External links 1987 New York Mets at Baseball Almanac 1987 New York Mets at Baseball Reference 1987 New York Mets schedule and stats at MLB.com The 1987 New York Mets at Retrosheet New York Mets seasons New York Mets New York Mets 1980s in Queens
The Grand Mosque of Constanța (), originally known as the Carol I Mosque (), is a mosque in Constanța, Romania. It is listed as an historic monument by the Romanian National Institute of Historical Monuments. The mosque is referred to by Constanța's Islamic community as the King's Mosque (, ). History The Grand Mosque of Constanța was commissioned in 1910 by Romanian King Carol I. Construction began on 24 June 1910 with the first cornerstone laid in the presence of Spiru Haret, contemporary Romanian Minister of Religious Affairs; Sefa Bey, contemporary Ottoman ambassador in Bucharest; and the Ottoman consul in Constanța. The project was funded by the Romanian Government and entrepreneur Ion Neculcea, and finished construction in 1912. The Grand Mosque of Constanța stands on the site of the former Mahmudia Mosque (Geamia Mahmudia), built in 1822 by Hafız Hüsseyin Pasha and named after Ottoman Sultan Mahmud II. The mosque was officially inaugurated by Carol I on 31 May 1913. During the ceremony, Sultan Mehmed V bestowed the Order of the Medjidie upon chief architect Victor Ștefănescu. King Carol I also rewarded Ștefănescu with a watch. Architecture The mosque was built in Neo-Egyptian and Neo-Byzantine styles with elements of Neo-Romanesque architecture. Its designer, George Constantinescu, modeled the mosque after the Konya Mosque in Anatolia (Turkey). Victor Ștefănescu served as the chief architect for the project. Contractors used brick and stone materials for the mosque proper, and reinforced concrete for the dome and minaret. The mosque was the first structure in Romania to be built using reinforced concrete. The main portal was constructed using stone from Dobrogea, while the door beneath was constructed from black marble inlaid with bronze. The interior columns were constructed from marble from Câmpulung. The minaret was built in Neo-Moorish style and has a height of 47 metres. The dome has a height of 25 metres and a diameter of 8 metres. References Mosques in Romania Buildings and structures in Constanța Mosques completed in 1912 Historic monuments in Constanța County 1912 establishments in Romania Mosque buildings with domes
Humanistic Intelligence (HI) is defined, in the context of wearable computing, by Marvin Minsky, Ray Kurzweil, and Steve Mann, as follows: Humanistic Intelligence [HI] is intelligence that arises because of a human being in the feedback loop of a computational process, where the human and computer are inextricably intertwined. When a wearable computer embodies HI and becomes so technologically advanced that its intelligence matches our own biological brain, something much more powerful emerges from this synergy that gives rise to superhuman intelligence within the single “cyborg” being. More generally (beyond only wearable computing), HI describes the creation of intelligence that results from a feedback loop between a computational process and a human being, where the human and computer are inextricably intertwined. In the field of human-computer interaction (HCI) it has been common to think of the human and computer as separate entities. HCI emphasizes this separateness by treating the human and computer as different entities that interact. However, HI theory thinks of the wearer and the computer with its associated input and output facilities not as separate entities, but regards the computer as a second brain and its sensory modalities as additional senses, in which synthetic synesthesia merges with the wearer's senses. When a wearable computer functions in a successful embodiment of HI, the computer uses the human's mind and body as one of its peripherals, just as the human uses the computer as a peripheral. This reciprocal relationship is at the heart of HI. Courses The principles are taught in a variety of university courses, such as: CSE40814, Mobile Computing, Fall 2014, University of Notre Dame ECE516, Intelligent Image Processing, 1998-2022, University of Toronto ECE1724, "Superhumachines" (Super-human-machine intelligence), University of Toronto Course: Wearable Computing, VAK: 03-799.01, Time: Mo, 13-15, Place: 1.51 TAB (ECO5), Instructor: Dr. Holger Kenn, Microsoft EMIC, Monday: Tel: 3035, TAB, 1.92, Universität Bremen See also Cybernetics References External links Hawkeye Project Human–computer interaction
```xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <ContentPage xmlns="path_to_url" xmlns:x="path_to_url" x:Class="Xamarin.Forms.Controls.GalleryPages.CollectionViewGalleries.GroupingGalleries.BasicGrouping"> <ContentPage.Content> <CollectionView x:Name="CollectionView" IsGrouped="True" Header="This is a header" Footer="Hey, a footer."> <CollectionView.ItemTemplate> <DataTemplate> <StackLayout> <Label Text="{Binding Name}" Margin="5,0,0,0"/> </StackLayout> </DataTemplate> </CollectionView.ItemTemplate> <CollectionView.GroupHeaderTemplate> <DataTemplate> <Label Text="{Binding Name}" BackgroundColor="LightGreen" FontSize="16" FontAttributes="Bold"/> </DataTemplate> </CollectionView.GroupHeaderTemplate> <CollectionView.GroupFooterTemplate> <DataTemplate> <StackLayout> <Label Text="{Binding Count, StringFormat='{}Total members: {0:D}'}" BackgroundColor="Orange" Margin="0,0,0,15"/> </StackLayout> </DataTemplate> </CollectionView.GroupFooterTemplate> </CollectionView> </ContentPage.Content> </ContentPage> ```
There are 221 scheduled monuments in the county of Northamptonshire, England. These protected sites date from the Neolithic period and include barrows, artillery forts, ruined abbeys, castles, and Iron Age hill forts. In the United Kingdom, the scheduling of monuments was first initiated to insure the preservation of "nationally important" archaeological sites or historic buildings. The protection given to scheduled monuments is given under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979 Notable scheduled monuments in Northamptonshire See also Grade I listed buildings in Northamptonshire List of scheduled monuments in the United Kingdom References Scheduled monuments in Northamptonshire
Wolfe Morris (born Woolf Steinberg, 5 January 1925 – 21 July 1996) was an English actor, who played character roles on stage, television and in feature films from the 1950s until the 1990s. He made his film debut in Ill Met by Moonlight. His grandparents were from Kiev and escaped the Russian pogroms, arriving in London in about 1890. The family moved to Portsmouth at the turn of the century. Morris was one of nine children born to Becky (née Levine) and Morry Steinberg. His younger brother, Aubrey Morris, was also an accomplished actor. His daughter Shona Morris became a stage actress. Morris trained as an actor at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art, graduating in 1943. In his career, spanning five decades, he appeared in almost 90 different films and TV shows, as well as appearing in numerous stage plays as a member of the Royal Shakespeare Company. His best-known role on television was as Thomas Cromwell in The Six Wives of Henry VIII. In preparation for it, he visited a number of English castles to study the characters' portraits. In 1968, he played Gollum in the BBC Radio dramatisation of The Hobbit, and later starred as the mad waxworks owner in the Amicus horror anthology film The House That Dripped Blood (1970). His other films included The Abominable Snowman (1957), The Camp on Blood Island (1958), I Only Arsked! (1958), Nine Hours to Rama (1963), The Best House in London (1969), The Mackintosh Man (1973), The Adventure of Sherlock Holmes' Smarter Brother (1975), The Message (1976), Cuba (1979), and The London Connection (1979). Partial filmography Cairo Road (1950) – Ali (uncredited) Ill Met by Moonlight (1957) – George Interpol (1957) – Morgue attendant The Abominable Snowman (1957) – Kusang The Camp on Blood Island (1958) – Interpreter Further Up the Creek (1958) – Algeroccan Major I Only Arsked! (1958) – Salaman Yesterday's Enemy (1959) – Informer The Clue of the New Pin (1961) – Yeh Ling Nine Hours to Rama (1963) – Det. Bose Doctor Who (1967, The Abominable Snowmen) - Padmasambhava (6 episodes) The Other People (1968) – Policeman #2 The Best House in London (1969) – Chinese Trade Attache One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich (1970) The Six Wives of Henry VIII (1970) - Thomas Cromwell The House That Dripped Blood (1971) – Waxworks Proprietor (segment 2 "Waxworks") The Mackintosh Man (1973) – Malta Police Commissioner The Adventure of Sherlock Holmes' Smarter Brother (1975) – Frenchman, bidding for Redcliffe Document The Message (1976) – Bu-Lahab The Famous Five (1978, Episode: "Five go to Demon Rocks") – Ebenezer Loomer The London Connection (1979) – Dr. Krause Cuba (1979) – General Fulgencio Batista Shining Through (1992) – Male Translator References External links 1925 births 1996 deaths English male film actors English male television actors Male actors from Portsmouth English people of Ukrainian-Jewish descent Jewish English male actors 20th-century English male actors Alumni of RADA
Mask art of Assam, Assam has a long tradition of mask making, it developed in the response to Neo–Vaisnavism, initiated by Srimanta Sankardeva in the 15th century. These masks were developed for it to be used in the Bhaona's (Traditional drama of Assam). The art of making masks was prevalent in Satras for centuries, presently the Samaguri Satra is world-famous for its mask crafts. These masks or (Mukha) are of various kinds like– Mukh mukha (mask covering the face), Bor mukha (mask+costume, covers whole of the body), and Suti Su Mukha (smaller than Bor muka, but more compact) and are made of biodegradable materials such as bamboo, cane, potter's clay (Kumar mati), cow dung, jute fiber, paper cloth etc. It usually takes a period of 10 to 15 days to make one mask and traditionally hengul and haital were used for colouring the masks, but presently due to inavailability of those materials water-colour and chemical dyes are also in use. Till recent decades, the masks were stiff and didn't allow the actor to portray any facial expression but innovations brought by Dr. Hemachandra Goswami has changed this. Despite its cultural significance, it is not widely embraced. This art is only prevalent in Upper Assam, especially in Majuli island, and only managed to survive in a plenty of Satras. Notes Further reading Assam Culture of Assam
The 2008–09 season of the Portuguese Futsal First Division was the 19th season of top-tier futsal in Portugal and it was won by Benfica. Teams CF Belenenses FJ Antunes Benfica AR Freixieiro AD Fundão Instituto D. João V SL Olivais Sporting CP FC Alpendorada Modicus - Sandim Academico Mogadouro CF Sassoeiros Odivelas Nucleo Sportinguista de Tires League table Title Playoffs Quarterfinals 1st Matches 16/5/2009 Sporting C.P. - A.R. Freixieiro 4-3 (1-1) F.C. Alpendorada - C.F. Belenenses 4-7 (1-2) AD Fundão - Fundação Jorge Antunes 5-1 (2-0) Instituto D. João V - S.L. Benfica 1-4 (1-3) 2nd Matches 23/5/2009 A.R. Freixieiro - Sporting C.P. 7-6 (0-1) C.F. Belenenses - F.C. Alpendorada 5-2 (1-1) Fundação Jorge Antunes - AD Fundão 6-4 (3-1) S.L. Benfica - Instituto D. João V 4-2 (3-1) 3rd Matches - If necessary 24/5/2009 A.R. Freixieiro - Sporting C.P. 4-3 (3-0) Fundação Jorge Antunes - AD Fundão 5-3 (2-3) Semifinals 1st Matches 6/6/2009 A.R. Freixieiro - S.L. Benfica 9-10 ap; 4-4 (4-2) C.F. Belenenses - Fundação Jorge Antunes 7-4 a2ndet; 4-4 a1stet; 3-3 (2-0) 2nd Matches 13/6/2009 S.L. Benfica - A.R. Freixieiro 4-3 (2-2) Fundação Jorge Antunes - C.F. Belenenses 3-2 a2ndet; 2-2 a1stet; 2-2 (1-1) 3rd Matches - If necessary 14/6/2009 Fundação Jorge Antunes - C.F. Belenenses 3-4 (1-2) Final 1st Match 20/6/2009 S.L. Benfica - C.F. Belenenses 6-2 (1-0) 2nd Match 21/6/2009 S.L. Benfica - C.F. Belenenses 2-3 (1-1) 3rd Match 27/6/2009 C.F. Belenenses - S.L. Benfica 3-2 (3-1) 4th Match - If necessary 28/6/2009 C.F. Belenenses - S.L. Benfica 3-6 (3-3) 5th Match - If necessary 30/6/2009 S.L. Benfica - C.F. Belenenses 4-3 a.2nd.e.t (3-2 a.1st.e.t;2-2;2-0) Portuguese Futsal Play-Off 2008/2009 Winner: Benfica External links www.fpf.pt Futsal Portuguese Futsal First Division seasons Portugal
Mark Philippoussis was the defending champion but lost in the first round to Jordi Burillo. Scott Draper won in the final 7–6(7–5), 6–4 against Laurence Tieleman and became the lowest ranked player to win in the tournament's history. Seeds The top eight seeds received a bye to the second round. Pete Sampras (third round) Greg Rusedski (third round, retired) Patrick Rafter (second round) Jonas Björkman (third round) Karol Kučera (second round) Cédric Pioline (withdrew) Tim Henman (quarterfinals) Thomas Enqvist (quarterfinals) Mark Philippoussis (first round) Goran Ivanišević (second round) Todd Martin (first round) Todd Woodbridge (third round) Brett Steven (third round) Byron Black (semifinals) Mark Woodforde (semifinals) Jason Stoltenberg (first round) Draw Finals Top half Section 1 Section 2 Bottom half Section 3 Section 4 External links 1998 Stella Artois Championships draw ITF tournament profile Singles
The John Day River is a tributary of the Columbia River, approximately long, in northwestern Oregon in the United States. The river rises in the Northern Oregon Coast Range in Clatsop County at . Flowing generally north, the river enters the Columbia at John Day Point, east of Tongue Point and about east of Astoria. It passes under U.S. Route 30 near the unincorporated community of John Day (not to be confused with the city of the same name in Grant County). The mouth of the river is about upstream from the mouth of the Columbia on the Pacific. The John Day River has only one named tributary, Jack Creek, which enters from the left. The river is named for John Day, a hunter and fur trapper who took part in William Price Hunt's overland expedition for John Jacob Astor in 1811–12. There's a John Day River in eastern Oregon, a John Day Dam, a city John Day, and John Day Fossil Beds National Monument, which were all named after John Day. John Day Point, a cape located at the mouth of the river and protruding into Cathlamet Bay, takes its name from the river, as did a former railway station in the vicinity. Lewis and Clark, who camped near here in 1805, referred to the river as Kekemarke, their version of a Native American name. Lewis and Clark write about the river in their journals. The river was known as Swan Creek by Charles Wilkes, of the U.S. Exploring Expedition and was documented as such on his illustrated map. There's a railroad swing bridge crossing the mouth of the river. The tracks were used by Lewis and Clark Explorer Train which is no longer operating. The railroad bridge has a clearance of 8 feet. Tidal currents control the river throughout most of its length. Moored houseboats cover some of the shorelines on both sides of the river. Recreational activities The John Day River is open to boats, kayaks, and fishing. John Day County Park is 54 acres and the only public park along the John Day River. The boat launch is accessed off Oregon Highway 30. The boat launch puts users into the John Day River just before it enters the Columbia River, giving users access to both. The river can be accessed for about 3.5 miles upstream once you leave the boat ramp. Marsh An uncommon tidal marsh exists along the John Day River. The Marsh is a little over 24 acres owned by North Coast Land Conservancy. The John Day River Marsh is part of the Columbia Quiet Waters initiative which covers the lower Columbia River swamp. The initiative includes a conservation plan to protect the Sitka spruce wetlands that are regarded as rare worldwide. See also Clatsop County, Oregon Lists of rivers List of rivers of Oregon List of tributaries of the Columbia River River Riverboat References Rivers of Oregon Rivers of Clatsop County, Oregon
Graham Norman Stanton (1940–2009) was a New Zealand biblical scholar who taught at King's College, London, and as Lady Margaret's Professor of Divinity at the University of Cambridge. A New Testament specialist, Stanton's special interests were in the Gospels, with a particular focus on Matthew's Gospel; Paul's letters, with a particular focus on Galatians; and second-century Christian writings, with a particular interest in Justin Martyr. Biography Stanton was born on 9 July 1940 in Christchurch, New Zealand. He came to Cambridge in 1966 to study under C. F. D. Moule (at Westminster College and as a member of Fitzwilliam College), his dissertation was completed in 1969 and published in 1974. From 1970 to 1998, he served as lecturer and (from 1977) as Professor of New Testament at King's College, London. In 1998, he returned to Cambridge as Lady Margaret's Professor and as a Fellow at Fitzwilliam College. In 1996–1997, Stanton was the President of the Studiorum Novi Testamenti Societas, a society of New Testament scholars. In 1982–1990), he was editor of the journal New Testament Studies and of the associated monograph series (1982–1991) and was a General Editor of the International Critical Commentaries (1984-2009). Among other honours, Stanton was awarded an honorary Doctor of Divinity degree from the University of Otago in 2000; in 2005, he was honoured with a Festschrift to mark his 65th birthday. The Written Gospel (eds. M. Bockmuehl and D. Hagner, Cambridge University Press) includes a bibliography of Stanton's books and articles until 2005 (9 authored books, 6 edited books, 60 authored articles or chapters). In 2006 he was awarded the Burkitt Medal by the British Academy for his contribution to biblical studies in the United Kingdom. Stanton died on 18 July 2009 in Cambridge. In 2011, a collection of essays discussing various aspects of Stanton's work was published in his memory. Criticism of Christ myth theory Stanton criticised the arguments of Christ myth theorists. In his book The Gospels and Jesus, he wrote: Today, nearly all historians, whether Christians or not, accept that Jesus existed and that the gospels contain plenty of valuable evidence which has to be weighed and assessed critically. There is general agreement that, with the possible exception of Paul, we know far more about Jesus of Nazareth than about any first or second century Jewish or pagan religious teacher. Works Books Edited works Articles and chapters Festscrift References External links Professor Graham Stanton - Daily Telegraph obituary - J.D.G. Dunn on "Graham Stanton (1940-2009)" 1940 births 2009 deaths Academic journal editors Academics of King's College London Critics of the Christ myth theory Fellows of Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge New Testament scholars New Zealand biblical scholars New Zealand Presbyterians New Zealand theologians Religious leaders from Christchurch University of Otago alumni Lady Margaret's Professors of Divinity Oceanian biblical scholars
Gary Hardinges (born 6 December 1965) is a British archer. He competed in the men's individual event at the 1996 Summer Olympics. References 1965 births Living people British male archers Olympic archers for Great Britain Archers at the 1996 Summer Olympics People from Eastcote Sportspeople from the London Borough of Hillingdon
Bert Mooney Airport is a public airport three miles southeast of Butte, in Silver Bow County, Montana, United States. It is owned by the Bert Mooney Airport Authority. The airport name was changed in 1972 to honor Bert Mooney, an aviator from Butte who was the first to fly mail into Yellowstone National Park in 1935. Prior to this the airport was Butte Municipal Airport (from its opening in 1926) and Silver Bow County Airport from 1960 to 1972. The National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015 categorized it as a primary commercial service facility (more than 10,000 enplanements per year). Federal Aviation Administration records say the airport had 30,431 passenger boardings (enplanements) in calendar year 2008, 25,178 in 2009 and 25,433 in 2010. Facilities Bert Mooney Airport covers 890 acres (360 ha) at an elevation of 5,550 feet (1,692 m). It has two asphalt runways: 15/33 is 9,001 by 150 feet (2,744 x 46 m) and 11/29 is 5,100 by 75 feet. In 2011 the airport had 23,934 aircraft operations, average 65 per day: 86% general aviation, 8% air taxi, 3% commercial service and 3% military. 36 aircraft were then based at this airport: 67% single-engine, 25% multi-engine, and 8% helicopter. Airlines and Destinations Passenger Accidents On November 7, 1950, a Northwest Orient Airlines plane carrying 21 people crashed into the East Ridge of Butte during a blizzard. All on board were killed. On March 22, 2009, a Pilatus PC-12 flying in from Oroville, California, crashed in Holy Cross Cemetery 500 feet from the airport, killing all 14 passengers and crew on board. References External links Bert Mooney Airport, official site Airports in Montana Buildings and structures in Butte, Montana Transportation in Silver Bow County, Montana Airports established in 1926 Essential Air Service 1926 establishments in Montana
This is a bibliography of works on military executions in World War I. In English Babington, Anthony, For the Sake of Example: Capital Courts-Martial, 1914–1920, (London: Penguin. 2002) Chielens, Piet & Putkowski, Julian; Unquiet Graves / Rusteloze Graven Guide: Execution Sites of the First World War in Flanders (UK: Francis Boutle Publishers, 2000) Corns, Caroline & Hughes-Wilson, John; Blindfold and Alone (London, Cassell. 2001) Corrigan, Gordon, Mud, Blood and Poppycock (London: Weidenfeld Military. 2004) Godefroy, Andrew, For Freedom and Honour? The Story of 25 Canadians Executed During the Great War (Toronto: CEF Books, 1998) Lister, David; Die Hard, Aby!, (England: Pen & Sword, 2005) Moore, William, The Thin Yellow Line, (London: Wordsworth. 1999) Oram, Gerard, Death Sentences passed by military courts of the British Army 1914–1924, (UK: Francis Boutle Publishers, 1999) Oram, Gerard; Worthless Men: Race, eugenics and the death penalty in the British Army during the First World War, (UK: Francis Boutle Publishers, 1999) Pugsley, Chris; On the Fringes of Hell (1991: Hodder & Stoughton) Putkowski, Julian & Sykes, Julian; Shot at Dawn: Executions in World War One by Authority of the British Army Act, (England: Pen & Sword, 1996) Putkowski, Julian; British Army Mutineers 1914–1922, (UK: Francis Boutle Publishers, 1998) Putkowski, Julian; The Kinmel Park Camp riots 1919, (England: Flintshire Historical Society. 1989) (however none of the rioters were executed) Sellers, Leonard; For God's Sake Shoot Straight! (Leo Cooper, London, UK, 1995) (an account of the trial and execution of Royal Navy officer Sub-Lt Edwin Dyett) Thurtle, Ernest; Military discipline and democracy, (London: Daniel Books. 1920) Thurtle, Ernest; Shootings at dawn: The Army death penalty at work, (Pamphlet) In French :fr:Soldat fusillé pour l'exemple Offenstadt, Nicolas; Les fusillés de la Grande Guerre (Paris: Éditions Odile Jacob, 1999) Pedroncini, Guy; Les mutineries de 1917, Presse universitaires de France, Paris, 1967 Putkowski, Julian (trans. Yves Buffetaut); Les Fusillés de King Crater (II) (France: Ysec éditions, 2002) Rolland, Denis; La grève des tranchées, Paris, Imago, 2005. Executions Military justice Bibliographies of wars and conflicts
Operating as a nonprofit environmental land trust, The Vital Ground Foundation protects and restores North America's grizzly bear populations by conserving wildlife habitat. Founded in 1990, Vital Ground operates in the belief that the grizzly bear, an umbrella species, is nature's barometer of a healthy and complete ecosystem, and that conserving grizzly bears and their habitat is key to ensuring diverse and healthy landscapes. Approach Vital Ground protects critical grizzly bear habitat through cooperative conservation partnerships. The organization focuses on strategically located lands where conservation values transcend property boundaries. Vital Ground partners with willing landowners to protect vital habitat through conservation easements and land purchases and also participates in select projects on public lands that are designed to reduce conflicts between bears and people, improve habitat quality, protect or enhance resident populations, or increase the land's carrying capacity for grizzly bears. The organization's strategy is governed by empirical data on grizzly bear biology and habitat requirements. Conservation work Based on monitoring data provided by the International Grizzly Bear Committee as well as other sources, Vital Ground seeks out private lands conservation imperative to the recovery of the threatened grizzly bear and critical to maintaining and enhancing the public values of surrounding public lands. Vital Ground's conservation easements and land acquisitions permanently safeguard the core wildlife habitat characteristics unique to each project property while maintaining and enhancing essential habitat and wildlife corridors on a landscape scale. Since its founding in 1990, Vital Ground has helped to protect and enhance well over one-half million acres of crucial grizzly habitat in Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, Alaska, and British Columbia. History Vital Ground evolved from a unique relationship between humans and a bear. Heber City, Utah's Doug and Lynne Seus adopted and trained a zoo-born Kodiak grizzly they named Bart to appear in feature films, which include The Great Outdoors, Legends of the Fall, White Fang, The Bear and The Edge. As Doug and Lynne worked with Bart, it became clear that he taught them far more than they could ever teach him. As Lynne said, “From the time we got him in 1977 and until his death in 2000, Bart was a truly magical animal. And his film career took us on many grand adventures – from the majestic peaks of the Austrian Alps and the Alaska wilds, to the backstage of the Academy Awards.” Bart's intelligence and loyalty demonstrated to Doug and Lynne that brown bears, also known as grizzlies, could help teach children respect for all living things. The Seuses felt that, as a member of a species truly symbolic of the wilderness, Bart could deliver a powerful message in support of land conservation. They hoped that Bart could offer humankind a chance to learn from past mistakes and, in so doing, secure remaining private wildlands rather than exploiting them. Inspired by Bart, the Seuses launched Vital Ground through the purchase of 240 acres of prime grizzly bear habitat adjoining protected land in Pine Butte Preserve, along Montana's eastern front of the Rocky Mountains. Bart took on an important new role as ambassador for Vital Ground, and until his death in 2000, his public appearances with Doug and Lynne sought to convey the dire predicament of rapidly diminishing natural areas—along with their resident wildlife—while promoting a message of hope that we might become better stewards of these great lands. As Vital Ground has evolved and expanded its role in conservation, the Seuses continue to donate use of their animals (including Bart II, a brown bear named for the original Bart) as ambassadors to help spread the message about protecting our wild heritage. The presence of these highly intelligent and sensitive grizzlies, combined with the teachings by Doug and Lynne, have made a difference in motivating individuals to support the organization's work. In 2004, the organization formally adopted the Standards and Practices of the Land Trust Alliance (LTA) to guide all of its conservation activities. As a member of LTA, Vital Ground is committed to ensuring that every land acquisition and easement transaction is legally, ethically and technically sound. Featured projects Vital Ground partnered with several organizations and agencies to help support the Deer Creek Conservation Project 6 which is six miles northwest of Seeley Lake, Mont., and at the southern boundary of the Northern Continental Divide Grizzly Bear Recovery Zone. Vital Ground shepherded an effort to permanently protect 720 acres with conservation easements in the Selkirk Mountains of north Idaho. Vital Ground made its first acquisition for the Cabinet-Purcell-Selkirk Wildlife Linkage Initiative — Northwestern Montana's Yaak Mountain purchase ensures the property will never be commercially or residentially developed and will connect unfragmented grizzly habitat. Vital Ground completed the purchase of its fourth property at Bismark Meadows in northern Idaho. The 327-acre acquisition, the second-largest property Vital Ground has purchased to date, is situated between three parcels previously acquired and consolidates the properties into a contiguous holding of over 491 acres. Vital Ground accepted donations from the second- and third-generation owners of two properties on Windfall Creek in northwest Montana's Swan Valley. The properties sit adjacent to Flathead National Forest lands and to other private lands that were protected earlier by conservation easements. In July 2014, Vital Ground received a $400,000 grant from the U.S. Forest Service to protect 142 acres of forested land in the northwest corner of Montana near Troy. The Right Place Campaign The Right Place Campaign helps facilitate the recovery of the grizzly bear populations in the Cabinet-Purcell-Selkirk mountain region of northwest Montana, north Idaho, and the trans-border area of southern British Columbia. The campaign objective is to identify and protect wildlife linkage zones that will allow grizzlies to naturally move south into the Bitterroot Ecosystem — a 3.7 million-acre wildlife paradise made up of two wilderness areas in Central Idaho. The initiative contains two fundraising efforts to address habitat conservation in this region: The Cabinet-Purcell Wildlife Linkage Initiative is an active fundraising initiative under The Right Place Campaign to protect grizzly bear and wildlife habitat in the trans-border area of northwestern Montana and southern British Columbia. The Selkirk Initiative was launched in 2001 to address habitat protection for this vulnerable population. The heart of the Selkirk Mountains provides a safe haven for grizzlies, yet the population's survival depends on two critical steps: a) protecting access to food-rich lowland habitats the bears need during spring and fall, and b) conserving dwindling linkage zones to reestablish connections and genetic flow with neighboring grizzly populations. Publications Vital Ground publishes magazines, biennials reports and e-newsletters: Vital News Biennial reports covering properties and easements acquired Vital e-News References Conservation and environmental foundations in the United States Non-profit organizations based in Montana Bear conservation Organizations based in Missoula, Montana Organizations established in 1990 1990 establishments in Montana
Kiwaia neglecta is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Philpott in 1924. It is found in New Zealand. The wingspan is 10–13 mm. The forewings are ochreous-whitish with a ferruginous suffusion along the fold, sometimes extended to before the apex, sometimes absent. The area beneath the fold is usually clearer white. The hindwings are pale fuscous-grey. References Kiwaia Moths described in 1924 Endemic fauna of New Zealand Moths of New Zealand Endemic moths of New Zealand
Wheaton station is a Washington Metro station in Montgomery County, Maryland on the Red Line. The station serves the suburb of Wheaton, and is located at the intersection of Georgia Avenue (Maryland Route 97) and Reedie Drive. The station contains escalators, which are the longest set of single-span escalators in the Western Hemisphere. Service at Wheaton began on September 22, 1990, and it was the northeastern end of the Red Line for nearly eight years, until the Glenmont station opened in July 1998. Station layout Wheaton station features the longest set of single-span escalators in the Western Hemisphere, each featuring a length of , with a vertical rise of . Wheaton's escalators travel at a speed of per minute (±5%) and are set at an inclination of 30 degrees. The trip takes approximately 2 minutes and 45 seconds. There are two elevators leading into the station's parking garage at the Reedie Drive entrance, while the entrance at the bus bay is at ground level. Inside the station, there is one elevator leading from the mezzanine to the Shady Grove bound side of the platform. This station, along with Forest Glen station farther south, has separate tunnels and platforms for each direction, instead of the large, vaulted common room seen at most other underground stations in the Metro system; this design was used to save money due to the station's depth. Notable place nearby Westfield Wheaton (formerly Wheaton Plaza) References External links Reedie Drive entrance from Google Maps Street View This station is the likely setting of this XKCD cartoon Bus stations in Maryland Stations on the Red Line (Washington Metro) Railway stations in Montgomery County, Maryland Washington Metro stations in Maryland Railway stations in the United States opened in 1990 Railway stations located underground in Maryland 1990 establishments in Maryland Wheaton, Maryland
Omobranchus smithi is a species of combtooth blenny found in the western Pacific and Indian ocean. Etymology The specific name honours the South African chemist and ichthyologist James Leonard Brierley Smith (1897-1968). References smithi Taxa named by Visweswara Rao Fish described in 1974
Valley Head is a census-designated place (CDP) in Randolph County, West Virginia, United States. Valley Head is located on U.S. Route 219, south-southwest of Huttonsville. Valley Head has a post office with ZIP code 26294. As of the 2010 census, its population was 267. The community was named for the nearby headwaters of the Tygart Valley River. Notable people Country musician and Grand Ole Opry member Wilma Lee Cooper was born in Valley Head in 1921. Banking executive Jean Yokum was born in Valley Head in 1931. Climate The climate in this area has mild differences between highs and lows, and there is adequate rainfall year-round. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Valley Head has a marine west coast climate, abbreviated "Cfb" on climate maps. References Census-designated places in Randolph County, West Virginia Census-designated places in West Virginia
{{Speciesbox \| taxon = Corynebacterium jeikeium \| authority = Jackman et al. 1988 \| type_strain = \| synonyms = * Group JK Corynebacterium }}Corynebacterium jeikeium is a rod-shaped, catalase-positive, aerobic species of Actinomycetota in the genus Corynebacterium. C. jeikeium is pathogenic, typically causing an opportunistic infection seen most frequently in bone marrow transplant patients. C. jeikeium is a strictly aerobic organism and forms tiny grayish white colonies when grown on blood agar. C. jeikeium'' is usually susceptible to vancomycin and tetracycline. Resistance to macrolide antibiotics is often encountered. It can be acquired in hospitals. Its genome has been sequenced. References External links Type strain of Corynebacterium jeikeium at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase Corynebacterium Gram-positive bacteria Bacteria described in 1988
```java /* * * * path_to_url * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the / package org.hongxi.whatsmars.netty.discard; import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap; import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture; import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer; import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline; import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup; import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup; import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel; import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel; import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel; import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler; import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext; import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContextBuilder; import io.netty.handler.ssl.util.SelfSignedCertificate; /* * Discards any incoming data. */ public final class DiscardServer { static final boolean SSL = System.getProperty("ssl") != null; static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", "8009")); public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { // Configure SSL. final SslContext sslCtx; if (SSL) { SelfSignedCertificate ssc = new SelfSignedCertificate(); sslCtx = SslContextBuilder.forServer(ssc.certificate(), ssc.privateKey()).build(); } else { sslCtx = null; } EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1); EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(); try { ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap(); b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup) .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class) .handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO)) .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() { @Override public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) { ChannelPipeline p = ch.pipeline(); if (sslCtx != null) { p.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc())); } p.addLast(new DiscardServerHandler()); } }); // Bind and start to accept incoming connections. ChannelFuture f = b.bind(PORT).sync(); // Wait until the server socket is closed. // In this example, this does not happen, but you can do that to gracefully // shut down your server. f.channel().closeFuture().sync(); } finally { workerGroup.shutdownGracefully(); bossGroup.shutdownGracefully(); } } } ```
```xml export * from "./TextRenderer" ```
```lua require('copas') local hc = require('httpclient').new() local myopt = { { '-pos_feature', false, [[Use treetagger to inject pos tags, the parameter is the path to the model to use. `treetagger` is expected to be in found in executable path.]] }, { '-pos_server_host', 'localhost', [[POS server to use.]] }, { '-pos_server_port', 3000, [[Port on the POS server to use.]] } } local function declareOptsFn(cmd) cmd:setCmdLineOptions(myopt, 'Tokenizer') end local function treetaggerFn(opt, tokens) if opt.pos_feature then local tok_nofeats = '' for _,v in ipairs(tokens) do local p = v:find('') if p then v = v:sub(1,p-1) end if tok_nofeats ~= '' then tok_nofeats = tok_nofeats..' ' end tok_nofeats = tok_nofeats..v end local res = hc:post("http://"..opt.pos_server_host..':'..opt.pos_server_port..'/pos', tok_nofeats) assert(res.code==200) local s = string.gsub(res.body, "\t", "") local idx = 1 for pos in string.gmatch(s, "%S+") do tokens[idx] = tokens[idx] .. '' .. pos idx = idx + 1 end end return tokens end return { post_tokenize = treetaggerFn, hookName = function() return "treetagger" end, declareOpts = declareOptsFn } ```
The 1995 Nichirei International Championships was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Ariake Coliseum in Tokyo, Japan that was part of Tier II of the 1995 WTA Tour. It was the sixth edition of the tournament and was held from 19 September through 24 September 1995. Second-seeded Mary Pierce won the singles title. Finals Singles Mary Pierce defeated Arantxa Sánchez Vicario 6–3, 6–3 It was Pierce' 2nd singles title of the year and the 7th of her career. Doubles Lindsay Davenport / Mary Joe Fernández defeated Amanda Coetzer / Linda Wild 6–3, 6–2 References External links ITF tournament edition details Tournament draws Nichirei International Championships Nichirei International Championships 1995 in Japanese tennis 1995 in Japanese women's sport
Paul Stepney Smith (born 5 October 1967) is an English retired professional footballer who made over 100 appearances in the Football League for Torquay United, Brentford and Bristol Rovers as a right winger. His career was ended prematurely by injury. Career statistics References 1967 births Living people Footballers from Wembley English men's footballers Men's association football wingers Brentford F.C. players Arsenal F.C. players Bristol Rovers F.C. players Torquay United F.C. players English Football League players
WIIS is a commercial radio station located in Key West, Florida, broadcasting on 106.9 FM. WIIS airs a modern rock/alternative rock music format branded as "Island 106.9". WIIS-FM has been on the air since 1978. Island 106.9 is an alternative rock station that is known as "The Keys New Rock Alternative." It is an independent station that belongs to Keyed Up Communications in Hollywood, Florida. On-Air Staff Island 106.9 has dedicated DJs contributing to the station’s tropical vibe. Trice hosts the Friday evening’s Happy Hour. Gwen Filosa hosts the mid-morning show “It’s Too Early” featuring interviews, news, and weather. Shannon B. hosts the early morning training session. History Notable former on-air staff include Dave Wurmlinger (Just Dave) who has returned to his southern California home and is doing acting work. Lou Perdomo is working as a tattoo artist in Key West. Kent Baker is missing somehow, but was popular in his morning and afternoon shifts. Former GM and morning co-host (along with Perdomo and Baker), Bryan Hollenbaugh is owner 45 North Media, which owns WMJZ-FM and WMTE-FM in Northern Michigan. "Big Giant" Chris Lepperd, who is still big and giant, is now selling classic cars in Miami, and doing some acting work. Former personality Brett Guizetti is now performing in the DC-area rock trio Hermanos Rodriquez. Rachel and "Condom Girl" were popular voices. Lazlo from KRBZ Kansas City made a stop here in his formative years. Prior to the station switching formats (Adult Alternative to Alt-Rock), in the early 90's, Deric Peace hosted a show called, "Island's Edge", which was a precursor to the station going full on alternative. Deric is currently doing weekends at WJSE 106.3 in south NJ. WIIS cannot be discussed without mentioning long time morning show host, Bill Hoebee. Bill originated popular radio segments like "Bum Chat" and airing the Crime Report from the local paper, Key West Citizen. Shows Island 106.9 prides itself on true alternative programming. The station plays primarily alternative rock music and reggae on Sundays. The station is also the Florida Keys' only host for the live Saturday matinee from the Metropolitan Opera in New York City during the opera season, December to May. External links Official Website Modern rock radio stations in the United States IIS Radio stations established in 1978 1978 establishments in Florida
Richard Woghere (fl. 1378–1407), of East Grinstead, Sussex, was an English politician. Family His son, John Woghere, was also an MP for East Grinstead. His wife's name is unrecorded, and no other children are recorded. Career Woghere was bailiff of East Grinstead from 1382 to 1384. He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for East Grinstead in 1378, May 1382, April 1384, November 1384, 1385, September 1388, 1399, 1402 and 1407. References 14th-century births 15th-century deaths English MPs 1378 English MPs May 1382 People from East Grinstead English MPs April 1384 English MPs November 1384 English MPs 1385 English MPs September 1388 English MPs 1399 English MPs 1402 English MPs 1407
Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period (1644–1912) (ECCP) is a biographical dictionary published in 1943 by the United States Government Printing Office, edited by Arthur W. Hummel, Sr., then head of the Orientalia Division of the Library of Congress. Hummel's chief collaborators were Dr. Tu Lien-che (杜聯喆) and Dr. Fang Chao-ying (房兆楹), Chinese scholars who were married to each other. The two volumes in 1103 pages comprise some 800 biographical sketches on leading figures of the Qing dynasty (Ch'ing) (1636–1912) in China. The articles cover Han Chinese, Manchu, Mongol, and other Inner Asian figures, as well as some Europeans. Each article includes a short list of sources and secondary scholarship. There are three indices—personal name, book names, and subjects. Pamela Kyle Crossley, professor of Chinese history at Dartmouth College, wrote free software to either search and read the articles online or to download the text for offline use. Since the work uses the Wade-Giles system, which is now unfamiliar to many readers, the software also supplies pinyin romanization. Crossley is also author of the historiographical preface to the new pinyin edition of the work, Eminent Chinese of the Qing Period , published in 2018 by Berkshire. History of the project Hummel, who had developed his Chinese language skills while a missionary in China, was Chairman of the Committee for the Promotion of Chinese Studies of the American Council of Learned Societies from 1930 to 1934. He worked with Mortimer Graves, Executive Director of the Council, to plan a biographical dictionary of the Qing, and gained financial support from the Rockefeller Foundation. Plans were put into action when Hummel joined the Library of Congress in 1934. A younger colleague recalled that Hummel's concern with clarity and precision led him to read the entire text of ECCP aloud to search for better language. The printer for the volume did not know Chinese. Dr. Tu compiled a master file of every Chinese character in the text. These characters were then cast in Hong Kong, one for each time a character appeared. The characters were then placed in individual wooden frames and numbered by Dr. Tu. The printer put them one by one into the typesetter by hand. The ECCP is nonetheless nearly free of errors. The preface by Hu Shih, a leading scholar who had been China's Ambassador to the United States, praised Hummel and the more than fifty scholars who worked for nine years on the project These scholars came from the United States, Europe and Taiwan. Among them were Knight Biggerstaff; Meribeth E. Cameron; Ch'i Ssu-ho; John K. Fairbank; L. Carrington Goodrich; Hu Shih; George Kennedy; Li Man-kuei; Hiromu Momose; Nancy Lee Swann; Teng Ssu-yu, who prepared many of the articles on the Taiping Rebellion; Earl Swisher; C. Martin Wilbur; Hellmut Wilhelm; J.C. Yang. Reception and reputation The review in the journal Pacific Affairs said "In genuine scholarship, in the wide range of events covered, in intimate accounts of leading happenings, in the voluminous amounts of Chinese source materials employed, the ambitious scale and the success of these two volumes surpass any other single attempt made by the Western world to understand China in over half a century. References External links Qing Research Portal Online version of ECCP with ongoing inclusion of edited articles. Full text: volume 1, volume 2 Qing dynasty Sinology Books about China Biographical dictionaries 1943 non-fiction books
The Hard Part Begins is a 1973 Canadian feature film that marked the directorial debut of Paul Lynch, starring Donnelly Rhodes and Linda Sorenson. Plot “King and Country” is a country and western group headed by a 40-something singer, Jim King, whose girlfriend, Jenny, is a backup singer with the band. They have been playing one-week stints in small-town bars in southwestern Ontario. They are appearing in King's fictional hometown of West Eden when he hears news that a recording company wants to talk to him. His past collides with his future when he reconnects with his bitter ex-wife, a troubled son and a dying friend who all have shared shattered dreams of success. King learns the company is interested in Jenny, not him, and he has to return to the road and accept his fate. Production Director Paul Lynch independently raised $40,000 and received a $60,000 loan from the Canadian Film Development Corporation (CFDC) to finance the film. Reception Alistair Brown wrote in Cinema Canada that The Hard Part Begins made a fine directorial debut for Paul Lynch, though he wished it could have been more ambitious. Motion praised Donnelly Rhodes's performance and "hayseed machismo". Despite playing almost exclusively in theaters in Canada, the film made a solid profit. References External links 1973 films Films directed by Paul Lynch Films about singers Films shot in Ontario Films set in Ontario 1973 directorial debut films 1970s English-language films Canadian romantic drama films
FPDA may refer to: Feminist post-structuralist discourse analysis, a method of discourse analysis Five Power Defence Arrangements, a series of defence relationships established by a series of bilateral agreements between the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Malaysia and Singapore Flexible Premium Deferred Annuity, a type of life annuity where multiple premiums may be made in the deferral period

Subsets and Splits

No community queries yet

The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.