text stringlengths 1 22.8M |
|---|
```ruby
# Purpose
# This code example demonstrates how to list the verified email addresses for Amazon Simple Email Service (Amazon SES).
# snippet-start:[ruby.example_code.ses.v1.list_identities]
require "aws-sdk-ses" # v2: require 'aws-sdk'
# Create client in us-west-2 region
# Replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon SES.
client = Aws::SES::Client.new(region: "us-west-2")
# Get up to 1000 identities
ids = client.list_identities({
identity_type: "EmailAddress"
})
ids.identities.each do |email|
attrs = client.get_identity_verification_attributes({
identities: [email]
})
status = attrs.verification_attributes[email].verification_status
# Display email addresses that have been verified
if status == "Success"
puts email
end
end
# snippet-end:[ruby.example_code.ses.v1.list_identities]
``` |
The 2017–18 Texas–Arlington Mavericks women's basketball team represents the University of Texas at Arlington in the 2017–18 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Mavericks, led by fifth year head coach Krista Gerlich, play their home games at the College Park Center and were members of the Sun Belt Conference. They finished the season 18–12, 12–6 in Sun Belt play to finish in a tie for third place. They lost in the quarterfinals of the Sun Belt women's tournament to Louisiana.
Previous season
They finished the season 22–9, 14–4 in Sun Belt play to finish in second place. They advanced to the semifinals of the Sun Belt women's tournament where they lost to Troy. They were invited to the WNIT where they lost to Tulane in the first round.
Roster
Schedule
|-
!colspan=9 style=| Non-conference regular season
|-
!colspan=9 style=| Sun Belt regular season
|-
!colspan=9 style=| Sun Belt Women's Tournament
Rankings
2017–18 NCAA Division I women's basketball rankings
See also
2017–18 Texas–Arlington Mavericks men's basketball team
References
Texas-Arlington
UT Arlington Mavericks women's basketball seasons
UT Arlington Mavericks women's basketball
UT Arlington Mavericks women's basketball |
```groff
y
y
``` |
Christopher Bengtsson (born October 19, 1993) is a Swedish professional ice hockey player who currently plays for IF Björklöven of the HockeyAllsvenskan (Allsv).
Playing career
Bengtsson previously played for Färjestad BK at the under-20 level and for Huddinge IK at the under-18 and under-20 level. In 2012 Bengtsson signed with Modo Hockey and split the season between the J20 SuperElit and the Swedish Hockey League.
On November 21, 2013, Modo signed Bengtsson to a two-year contract extension, keeping him with the team initially until the end of the 2015–16 SHL season.
Career statistics
References
External links
1993 births
Living people
AIK IF players
IF Björklöven players
Färjestad BK players
KalPa players
Modo Hockey players
Rögle BK players
Södertälje SK players
Swedish ice hockey centres
Ice hockey people from Stockholm |
St. John's Lutheran Church is a congregation of the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod. located in Caesar Creek Township, Dearborn County, Indiana. Organized in 1843, the congregation has about 300 baptized members.
The historic Gothic Revival style wood frame church (1867), teacherage (1874), school house (1888), two barns, bungalow style parsonage (1930), and school building (1950) constitute a national historic district. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.
References
External links
Religious organizations established in 1843
Lutheran churches in Indiana
Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in Indiana
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Indiana
Gothic Revival church buildings in Indiana
Churches completed in 1867
Churches in Dearborn County, Indiana
Historic districts in Dearborn County, Indiana
National Register of Historic Places in Dearborn County, Indiana
Lutheran Church – Missouri Synod churches |
```yaml
apiVersion: release-notes/v2
kind: feature
area: installation
releaseNotes:
- |
**Added** an automatically set `GOMEMLIMIT` and `GOMAXPROCS` to all deployments to improve performance.
``` |
Pumpkin: The Curious History of an American Icon is a 2012 book by Cindy Ott. The author follows the history of the pumpkin, from Native American diet staple, to food for peasants, feed for livestock, and now as the symbol of autumn and a multi-million dollar industry. Once considered a desperate substitute to use in beer and bread, only in the absence of barley and wheat, the pumpkin's popularity grew out the romantic nostalgia of rural residents turned city-dwellers, and its commercialization has now reached unprecedented heights. Ott traces the shifting status of the pumpkin in American culture. The author goes as far as to paint the pumpkin as a cultural icon that helped forge a uniquely American identity.
References
External links
Pumpkin history online exhibition
American non-fiction books
English-language books
Environmental non-fiction books
2012 non-fiction books
University of Washington Press books |
Eric Joyce may refer to:
Eric Joyce, husband of Day Joyce (née Sage, 1905-1975) who created the secret diary Day Joyce Sheet during the Pacific War
Eric Joyce (born 1960), British politician
Eric Joyce (American football) (born 1978), defensive back
Eric Joyce (footballer) (1924–1977), English footballer |
Quality Road (foaled March 23, 2006, in Virginia) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse.
Background
Quality Road was bred and owned by Edward P. Evans. He was sired by Elusive Quality, who also sired 2004 Kentucky Derby/Preakness Stakes winner Smarty Jones and 2008 Breeders' Cup Classic winner Raven's Pass. His dam is Kobla, a daughter of 1983 Australian Champion Racehorse of the Year Strawberry Road.
At maturity, he reached high.
Racing career
2009: three-year-old season
Trained by Jimmy Jerkens, Quality Road raced in Florida in early 2009, where his wins in the Fountain of Youth Stakes and Grade 1 Florida Derby made him a favorite for the Kentucky Derby. However, he suffered two injuries. The first was a quarter crack on his right hind foot the day he won the Florida Derby. In April, he suffered a second quarter crack on his right front foot. As a result, he missed all three legs of the U.S. Triple Crown series.
In mid June, owner Edward Evans transferred the colt to the care of trainer Todd Pletcher. On August 3, 2009, Quality Road made his first start since his injury, winning the Amsterdam Stakes at Saratoga Race Course in a track record time of 1:13.74 for six and a half furlongs.
On August 29, 2009, Quality Road finished third to Summer Bird in the Travers Stakes. He followed that with a second to Summer Bird in the October 10 Jockey Gold Cup. Later that month, Quality Road was pre-entered in the Breeders' Cup Classic, in the hopes that his running style would be well-suited to the polytrack at Santa Anita Park.
On November 7, 2009, Quality Road became the first horse to scratch at the gate in the Breeders' Cup Classic. After he refused to load into the starting gate, kicking with his hind legs on two or three occasions, the track crew blindfolded him and he kicked wildly, scraping his hocks on the gate and forcing the scratch.
2010: four-year-old season
On January 3, Quality Road made his 4-year-old debut in the Grade III Hal's Hope Stakes as the odds-on favorite. He won by lengths.
On February 6, he broke his own track record when he won the Donn Handicap with John Velazquez riding. Quality Road finished the race in 1:47.49 to break the record of 1:47.72, which he set when he won the 2009 Florida Derby. He took control of the race at the stretch and began to pull away at the eighth pole. Dry Martini, the 2009 Suburban Handicap winner, was second.
In an interview with the Thoroughbred Times after the race, Pletcher said he would point the colt for the Metropolitan Handicap and the "big races" at Saratoga Race Course "before the Breeders' Cup Classic" in fall 2010. He also complimented Quality Road's performance, saying, “He’s got a very high cruising speed and can go :46 and 1:09 and still keep going. Not many horses can do that and he was spotting weight to all those horses, six pounds or more.
Quality Road earned a 121 Beyer Speed Figure in the Donn Handicap, then the highest speed figure awarded for a race over one mile since 2005.
In the May 31 Metropolitan Handicap , Quality Road was installed as favorite and held off Musket Man to win in a very fast time of 1:33.11. On August 7, 2010, he ran 2nd in the Whitney Handicap, beaten a head by eventual Breeders' Cup Classic winner Blame. On September 4, 2010, he won the Woodward Stakes by lengths.
Quality Road ran only once more. On November 6, 2010, he started in the Breeders' Cup Classic at Churchill Downs. Breaking from the 1 post, he remained on the rail throughout the race and finished 12th and last behind Blame. After the race, it was determined that the horse had an abscess and that was the reason he was pulled up.
Stud record
Quality Road was then retired to Lane's End Farm in Versailles, Kentucky. His stud fee for 2011 was $35,000. His first crop raced in 2014, most notable runners were 2014 Breeders' Cup Juvenile Turf winner Hootenanny, multiple graded stakes winner Blofeld, and stakes winner Overprepared. He was the leading first crop sire by earnings in 2014.
He was not as successful with his second crop that started racing in 2015, but in 2016 he rebounded by leading the third crop sire list. His outstanding runner of 2016 was Abel Tasman, who went on to win the 2017 Kentucky Oaks.
Quality Road's top progeny includes
Notable progeny
c = colt, f = filly, g = gelding
Racing record
Pedigree
References
Quality Road's pedigree and partial racing stats
External links
Video at YouTube of Quality Road winning the 2009 Florida Derby
2006 racehorse births
Racehorses bred in Virginia
Racehorses trained in the United States
Horse racing track record setters
Thoroughbred family 13-c |
```objective-c
/*
*
* Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute, and sell this software and its
* documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee, provided that
* the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that both that copyright
* notice and this permission notice appear in supporting documentation, and
* that the name of the copyright holders not be used in advertising or
* publicity pertaining to distribution of the software without specific,
* written prior permission. The copyright holders make no representations
* about the suitability of this software for any purpose. It is provided "as
* is" without express or implied warranty.
*
* THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE,
* INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS, IN NO
* EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR
* CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE,
* DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER
* TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE
* OF THIS SOFTWARE.
*/
#ifndef __DRM_CONNECTOR_H__
#define __DRM_CONNECTOR_H__
#include <linux/list.h>
#include <linux/llist.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#include <linux/hdmi.h>
#include <linux/notifier.h>
#include <drm/drm_mode_object.h>
#include <drm/drm_util.h>
#include <drm/drm_property.h>
#include <uapi/drm/drm_mode.h>
struct drm_connector_helper_funcs;
struct drm_modeset_acquire_ctx;
struct drm_device;
struct drm_crtc;
struct drm_encoder;
struct drm_panel;
struct drm_property;
struct drm_property_blob;
struct drm_printer;
struct drm_privacy_screen;
struct edid;
struct i2c_adapter;
enum drm_connector_force {
DRM_FORCE_UNSPECIFIED,
DRM_FORCE_OFF,
DRM_FORCE_ON, /* force on analog part normally */
DRM_FORCE_ON_DIGITAL, /* for DVI-I use digital connector */
};
/**
* enum drm_connector_status - status for a &drm_connector
*
* This enum is used to track the connector status. There are no separate
* #defines for the uapi!
*/
enum drm_connector_status {
/**
* @connector_status_connected: The connector is definitely connected to
* a sink device, and can be enabled.
*/
connector_status_connected = 1,
/**
* @connector_status_disconnected: The connector isn't connected to a
* sink device which can be autodetect. For digital outputs like DP or
* HDMI (which can be realiable probed) this means there's really
* nothing there. It is driver-dependent whether a connector with this
* status can be lit up or not.
*/
connector_status_disconnected = 2,
/**
* @connector_status_unknown: The connector's status could not be
* reliably detected. This happens when probing would either cause
* flicker (like load-detection when the connector is in use), or when a
* hardware resource isn't available (like when load-detection needs a
* free CRTC). It should be possible to light up the connector with one
* of the listed fallback modes. For default configuration userspace
* should only try to light up connectors with unknown status when
* there's not connector with @connector_status_connected.
*/
connector_status_unknown = 3,
};
/**
* enum drm_connector_registration_state - userspace registration status for
* a &drm_connector
*
* This enum is used to track the status of initializing a connector and
* registering it with userspace, so that DRM can prevent bogus modesets on
* connectors that no longer exist.
*/
enum drm_connector_registration_state {
/**
* @DRM_CONNECTOR_INITIALIZING: The connector has just been created,
* but has yet to be exposed to userspace. There should be no
* additional restrictions to how the state of this connector may be
* modified.
*/
DRM_CONNECTOR_INITIALIZING = 0,
/**
* @DRM_CONNECTOR_REGISTERED: The connector has been fully initialized
* and registered with sysfs, as such it has been exposed to
* userspace. There should be no additional restrictions to how the
* state of this connector may be modified.
*/
DRM_CONNECTOR_REGISTERED = 1,
/**
* @DRM_CONNECTOR_UNREGISTERED: The connector has either been exposed
* to userspace and has since been unregistered and removed from
* userspace, or the connector was unregistered before it had a chance
* to be exposed to userspace (e.g. still in the
* @DRM_CONNECTOR_INITIALIZING state). When a connector is
* unregistered, there are additional restrictions to how its state
* may be modified:
*
* - An unregistered connector may only have its DPMS changed from
* On->Off. Once DPMS is changed to Off, it may not be switched back
* to On.
* - Modesets are not allowed on unregistered connectors, unless they
* would result in disabling its assigned CRTCs. This means
* disabling a CRTC on an unregistered connector is OK, but enabling
* one is not.
* - Removing a CRTC from an unregistered connector is OK, but new
* CRTCs may never be assigned to an unregistered connector.
*/
DRM_CONNECTOR_UNREGISTERED = 2,
};
enum subpixel_order {
SubPixelUnknown = 0,
SubPixelHorizontalRGB,
SubPixelHorizontalBGR,
SubPixelVerticalRGB,
SubPixelVerticalBGR,
SubPixelNone,
};
/**
* enum drm_connector_tv_mode - Analog TV output mode
*
* This enum is used to indicate the TV output mode used on an analog TV
* connector.
*
* WARNING: The values of this enum is uABI since they're exposed in the
* "TV mode" connector property.
*/
enum drm_connector_tv_mode {
/**
* @DRM_MODE_TV_MODE_NTSC: CCIR System M (aka 525-lines)
* together with the NTSC Color Encoding.
*/
DRM_MODE_TV_MODE_NTSC,
/**
* @DRM_MODE_TV_MODE_NTSC_443: Variant of
* @DRM_MODE_TV_MODE_NTSC. Uses a color subcarrier frequency
* of 4.43 MHz.
*/
DRM_MODE_TV_MODE_NTSC_443,
/**
* @DRM_MODE_TV_MODE_NTSC_J: Variant of @DRM_MODE_TV_MODE_NTSC
* used in Japan. Uses a black level equals to the blanking
* level.
*/
DRM_MODE_TV_MODE_NTSC_J,
/**
* @DRM_MODE_TV_MODE_PAL: CCIR System B together with the PAL
* color system.
*/
DRM_MODE_TV_MODE_PAL,
/**
* @DRM_MODE_TV_MODE_PAL_M: CCIR System M (aka 525-lines)
* together with the PAL color encoding
*/
DRM_MODE_TV_MODE_PAL_M,
/**
* @DRM_MODE_TV_MODE_PAL_N: CCIR System N together with the PAL
* color encoding. It uses 625 lines, but has a color subcarrier
* frequency of 3.58MHz, the SECAM color space, and narrower
* channels compared to most of the other PAL variants.
*/
DRM_MODE_TV_MODE_PAL_N,
/**
* @DRM_MODE_TV_MODE_SECAM: CCIR System B together with the
* SECAM color system.
*/
DRM_MODE_TV_MODE_SECAM,
/**
* @DRM_MODE_TV_MODE_MAX: Number of analog TV output modes.
*
* Internal implementation detail; this is not uABI.
*/
DRM_MODE_TV_MODE_MAX,
};
/**
* struct drm_scrambling: sink's scrambling support.
*/
struct drm_scrambling {
/**
* @supported: scrambling supported for rates > 340 Mhz.
*/
bool supported;
/**
* @low_rates: scrambling supported for rates <= 340 Mhz.
*/
bool low_rates;
};
/*
* struct drm_scdc - Information about scdc capabilities of a HDMI 2.0 sink
*
* Provides SCDC register support and capabilities related information on a
* HDMI 2.0 sink. In case of a HDMI 1.4 sink, all parameter must be 0.
*/
struct drm_scdc {
/**
* @supported: status control & data channel present.
*/
bool supported;
/**
* @read_request: sink is capable of generating scdc read request.
*/
bool read_request;
/**
* @scrambling: sink's scrambling capabilities
*/
struct drm_scrambling scrambling;
};
/**
* struct drm_hdmi_dsc_cap - DSC capabilities of HDMI sink
*
* Describes the DSC support provided by HDMI 2.1 sink.
* The information is fetched fom additional HFVSDB blocks defined
* for HDMI 2.1.
*/
struct drm_hdmi_dsc_cap {
/** @v_1p2: flag for dsc1.2 version support by sink */
bool v_1p2;
/** @native_420: Does sink support DSC with 4:2:0 compression */
bool native_420;
/**
* @all_bpp: Does sink support all bpp with 4:4:4: or 4:2:2
* compressed formats
*/
bool all_bpp;
/**
* @bpc_supported: compressed bpc supported by sink : 10, 12 or 16 bpc
*/
u8 bpc_supported;
/** @max_slices: maximum number of Horizontal slices supported by */
u8 max_slices;
/** @clk_per_slice : max pixel clock in MHz supported per slice */
int clk_per_slice;
/** @max_lanes : dsc max lanes supported for Fixed rate Link training */
u8 max_lanes;
/** @max_frl_rate_per_lane : maximum frl rate with DSC per lane */
u8 max_frl_rate_per_lane;
/** @total_chunk_kbytes: max size of chunks in KBs supported per line*/
u8 total_chunk_kbytes;
};
/**
* struct drm_hdmi_info - runtime information about the connected HDMI sink
*
* Describes if a given display supports advanced HDMI 2.0 features.
* This information is available in CEA-861-F extension blocks (like HF-VSDB).
*/
struct drm_hdmi_info {
/** @scdc: sink's scdc support and capabilities */
struct drm_scdc scdc;
/**
* @y420_vdb_modes: bitmap of modes which can support ycbcr420
* output only (not normal RGB/YCBCR444/422 outputs). The max VIC
* defined by the CEA-861-G spec is 219, so the size is 256 bits to map
* up to 256 VICs.
*/
unsigned long y420_vdb_modes[BITS_TO_LONGS(256)];
/**
* @y420_cmdb_modes: bitmap of modes which can support ycbcr420
* output also, along with normal HDMI outputs. The max VIC defined by
* the CEA-861-G spec is 219, so the size is 256 bits to map up to 256
* VICs.
*/
unsigned long y420_cmdb_modes[BITS_TO_LONGS(256)];
/** @y420_dc_modes: bitmap of deep color support index */
u8 y420_dc_modes;
/** @max_frl_rate_per_lane: support fixed rate link */
u8 max_frl_rate_per_lane;
/** @max_lanes: supported by sink */
u8 max_lanes;
/** @dsc_cap: DSC capabilities of the sink */
struct drm_hdmi_dsc_cap dsc_cap;
};
/**
* enum drm_link_status - connector's link_status property value
*
* This enum is used as the connector's link status property value.
* It is set to the values defined in uapi.
*
* @DRM_LINK_STATUS_GOOD: DP Link is Good as a result of successful
* link training
* @DRM_LINK_STATUS_BAD: DP Link is BAD as a result of link training
* failure
*/
enum drm_link_status {
DRM_LINK_STATUS_GOOD = DRM_MODE_LINK_STATUS_GOOD,
DRM_LINK_STATUS_BAD = DRM_MODE_LINK_STATUS_BAD,
};
/**
* enum drm_panel_orientation - panel_orientation info for &drm_display_info
*
* This enum is used to track the (LCD) panel orientation. There are no
* separate #defines for the uapi!
*
* @DRM_MODE_PANEL_ORIENTATION_UNKNOWN: The drm driver has not provided any
* panel orientation information (normal
* for non panels) in this case the "panel
* orientation" connector prop will not be
* attached.
* @DRM_MODE_PANEL_ORIENTATION_NORMAL: The top side of the panel matches the
* top side of the device's casing.
* @DRM_MODE_PANEL_ORIENTATION_BOTTOM_UP: The top side of the panel matches the
* bottom side of the device's casing, iow
* the panel is mounted upside-down.
* @DRM_MODE_PANEL_ORIENTATION_LEFT_UP: The left side of the panel matches the
* top side of the device's casing.
* @DRM_MODE_PANEL_ORIENTATION_RIGHT_UP: The right side of the panel matches the
* top side of the device's casing.
*/
enum drm_panel_orientation {
DRM_MODE_PANEL_ORIENTATION_UNKNOWN = -1,
DRM_MODE_PANEL_ORIENTATION_NORMAL = 0,
DRM_MODE_PANEL_ORIENTATION_BOTTOM_UP,
DRM_MODE_PANEL_ORIENTATION_LEFT_UP,
DRM_MODE_PANEL_ORIENTATION_RIGHT_UP,
};
/**
* struct drm_monitor_range_info - Panel's Monitor range in EDID for
* &drm_display_info
*
* This struct is used to store a frequency range supported by panel
* as parsed from EDID's detailed monitor range descriptor block.
*
* @min_vfreq: This is the min supported refresh rate in Hz from
* EDID's detailed monitor range.
* @max_vfreq: This is the max supported refresh rate in Hz from
* EDID's detailed monitor range
*/
struct drm_monitor_range_info {
u16 min_vfreq;
u16 max_vfreq;
};
/**
* struct drm_luminance_range_info - Panel's luminance range for
* &drm_display_info. Calculated using data in EDID
*
* This struct is used to store a luminance range supported by panel
* as calculated using data from EDID's static hdr metadata.
*
* @min_luminance: This is the min supported luminance value
*
* @max_luminance: This is the max supported luminance value
*/
struct drm_luminance_range_info {
u32 min_luminance;
u32 max_luminance;
};
/**
* enum drm_privacy_screen_status - privacy screen status
*
* This enum is used to track and control the state of the integrated privacy
* screen present on some display panels, via the "privacy-screen sw-state"
* and "privacy-screen hw-state" properties. Note the _LOCKED enum values
* are only valid for the "privacy-screen hw-state" property.
*
* @PRIVACY_SCREEN_DISABLED:
* The privacy-screen on the panel is disabled
* @PRIVACY_SCREEN_ENABLED:
* The privacy-screen on the panel is enabled
* @PRIVACY_SCREEN_DISABLED_LOCKED:
* The privacy-screen on the panel is disabled and locked (cannot be changed)
* @PRIVACY_SCREEN_ENABLED_LOCKED:
* The privacy-screen on the panel is enabled and locked (cannot be changed)
*/
enum drm_privacy_screen_status {
PRIVACY_SCREEN_DISABLED = 0,
PRIVACY_SCREEN_ENABLED,
PRIVACY_SCREEN_DISABLED_LOCKED,
PRIVACY_SCREEN_ENABLED_LOCKED,
};
/**
* enum drm_colorspace - color space
*
* This enum is a consolidated colorimetry list supported by HDMI and
* DP protocol standard. The respective connectors will register
* a property with the subset of this list (supported by that
* respective protocol). Userspace will set the colorspace through
* a colorspace property which will be created and exposed to
* userspace.
*
* DP definitions come from the DP v2.0 spec
* HDMI definitions come from the CTA-861-H spec
*
* A note on YCC and RGB variants:
*
* Since userspace is not aware of the encoding on the wire
* (RGB or YCbCr), drivers are free to pick the appropriate
* variant, regardless of what userspace selects. E.g., if
* BT2020_RGB is selected by userspace a driver will pick
* BT2020_YCC if the encoding on the wire is YUV444 or YUV420.
*
* @DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_DEFAULT:
* Driver specific behavior.
* @DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_NO_DATA:
* Driver specific behavior.
* @DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_SMPTE_170M_YCC:
* (HDMI)
* SMPTE ST 170M colorimetry format
* @DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_BT709_YCC:
* (HDMI, DP)
* ITU-R BT.709 colorimetry format
* @DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_XVYCC_601:
* (HDMI, DP)
* xvYCC601 colorimetry format
* @DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_XVYCC_709:
* (HDMI, DP)
* xvYCC709 colorimetry format
* @DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_SYCC_601:
* (HDMI, DP)
* sYCC601 colorimetry format
* @DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_OPYCC_601:
* (HDMI, DP)
* opYCC601 colorimetry format
* @DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_OPRGB:
* (HDMI, DP)
* opRGB colorimetry format
* @DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_BT2020_CYCC:
* (HDMI, DP)
* ITU-R BT.2020 Y'c C'bc C'rc (constant luminance) colorimetry format
* @DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_BT2020_RGB:
* (HDMI, DP)
* ITU-R BT.2020 R' G' B' colorimetry format
* @DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_BT2020_YCC:
* (HDMI, DP)
* ITU-R BT.2020 Y' C'b C'r colorimetry format
* @DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_DCI_P3_RGB_D65:
* (HDMI)
* SMPTE ST 2113 P3D65 colorimetry format
* @DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_DCI_P3_RGB_THEATER:
* (HDMI)
* SMPTE ST 2113 P3DCI colorimetry format
* @DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_RGB_WIDE_FIXED:
* (DP)
* RGB wide gamut fixed point colorimetry format
* @DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_RGB_WIDE_FLOAT:
* (DP)
* RGB wide gamut floating point
* (scRGB (IEC 61966-2-2)) colorimetry format
* @DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_BT601_YCC:
* (DP)
* ITU-R BT.601 colorimetry format
* The DP spec does not say whether this is the 525 or the 625
* line version.
*/
enum drm_colorspace {
/* For Default case, driver will set the colorspace */
DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_DEFAULT = 0,
/* CEA 861 Normal Colorimetry options */
DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_NO_DATA = 0,
DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_SMPTE_170M_YCC = 1,
DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_BT709_YCC = 2,
/* CEA 861 Extended Colorimetry Options */
DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_XVYCC_601 = 3,
DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_XVYCC_709 = 4,
DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_SYCC_601 = 5,
DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_OPYCC_601 = 6,
DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_OPRGB = 7,
DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_BT2020_CYCC = 8,
DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_BT2020_RGB = 9,
DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_BT2020_YCC = 10,
/* Additional Colorimetry extension added as part of CTA 861.G */
DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_DCI_P3_RGB_D65 = 11,
DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_DCI_P3_RGB_THEATER = 12,
/* Additional Colorimetry Options added for DP 1.4a VSC Colorimetry Format */
DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_RGB_WIDE_FIXED = 13,
DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_RGB_WIDE_FLOAT = 14,
DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_BT601_YCC = 15,
/* not a valid value; merely used for counting */
DRM_MODE_COLORIMETRY_COUNT
};
/**
* enum drm_bus_flags - bus_flags info for &drm_display_info
*
* This enum defines signal polarities and clock edge information for signals on
* a bus as bitmask flags.
*
* The clock edge information is conveyed by two sets of symbols,
* DRM_BUS_FLAGS_*_DRIVE_\* and DRM_BUS_FLAGS_*_SAMPLE_\*. When this enum is
* used to describe a bus from the point of view of the transmitter, the
* \*_DRIVE_\* flags should be used. When used from the point of view of the
* receiver, the \*_SAMPLE_\* flags should be used. The \*_DRIVE_\* and
* \*_SAMPLE_\* flags alias each other, with the \*_SAMPLE_POSEDGE and
* \*_SAMPLE_NEGEDGE flags being equal to \*_DRIVE_NEGEDGE and \*_DRIVE_POSEDGE
* respectively. This simplifies code as signals are usually sampled on the
* opposite edge of the driving edge. Transmitters and receivers may however
* need to take other signal timings into account to convert between driving
* and sample edges.
*/
enum drm_bus_flags {
/**
* @DRM_BUS_FLAG_DE_LOW:
*
* The Data Enable signal is active low
*/
DRM_BUS_FLAG_DE_LOW = BIT(0),
/**
* @DRM_BUS_FLAG_DE_HIGH:
*
* The Data Enable signal is active high
*/
DRM_BUS_FLAG_DE_HIGH = BIT(1),
/**
* @DRM_BUS_FLAG_PIXDATA_DRIVE_POSEDGE:
*
* Data is driven on the rising edge of the pixel clock
*/
DRM_BUS_FLAG_PIXDATA_DRIVE_POSEDGE = BIT(2),
/**
* @DRM_BUS_FLAG_PIXDATA_DRIVE_NEGEDGE:
*
* Data is driven on the falling edge of the pixel clock
*/
DRM_BUS_FLAG_PIXDATA_DRIVE_NEGEDGE = BIT(3),
/**
* @DRM_BUS_FLAG_PIXDATA_SAMPLE_POSEDGE:
*
* Data is sampled on the rising edge of the pixel clock
*/
DRM_BUS_FLAG_PIXDATA_SAMPLE_POSEDGE = DRM_BUS_FLAG_PIXDATA_DRIVE_NEGEDGE,
/**
* @DRM_BUS_FLAG_PIXDATA_SAMPLE_NEGEDGE:
*
* Data is sampled on the falling edge of the pixel clock
*/
DRM_BUS_FLAG_PIXDATA_SAMPLE_NEGEDGE = DRM_BUS_FLAG_PIXDATA_DRIVE_POSEDGE,
/**
* @DRM_BUS_FLAG_DATA_MSB_TO_LSB:
*
* Data is transmitted MSB to LSB on the bus
*/
DRM_BUS_FLAG_DATA_MSB_TO_LSB = BIT(4),
/**
* @DRM_BUS_FLAG_DATA_LSB_TO_MSB:
*
* Data is transmitted LSB to MSB on the bus
*/
DRM_BUS_FLAG_DATA_LSB_TO_MSB = BIT(5),
/**
* @DRM_BUS_FLAG_SYNC_DRIVE_POSEDGE:
*
* Sync signals are driven on the rising edge of the pixel clock
*/
DRM_BUS_FLAG_SYNC_DRIVE_POSEDGE = BIT(6),
/**
* @DRM_BUS_FLAG_SYNC_DRIVE_NEGEDGE:
*
* Sync signals are driven on the falling edge of the pixel clock
*/
DRM_BUS_FLAG_SYNC_DRIVE_NEGEDGE = BIT(7),
/**
* @DRM_BUS_FLAG_SYNC_SAMPLE_POSEDGE:
*
* Sync signals are sampled on the rising edge of the pixel clock
*/
DRM_BUS_FLAG_SYNC_SAMPLE_POSEDGE = DRM_BUS_FLAG_SYNC_DRIVE_NEGEDGE,
/**
* @DRM_BUS_FLAG_SYNC_SAMPLE_NEGEDGE:
*
* Sync signals are sampled on the falling edge of the pixel clock
*/
DRM_BUS_FLAG_SYNC_SAMPLE_NEGEDGE = DRM_BUS_FLAG_SYNC_DRIVE_POSEDGE,
/**
* @DRM_BUS_FLAG_SHARP_SIGNALS:
*
* Set if the Sharp-specific signals (SPL, CLS, PS, REV) must be used
*/
DRM_BUS_FLAG_SHARP_SIGNALS = BIT(8),
};
/**
* struct drm_display_info - runtime data about the connected sink
*
* Describes a given display (e.g. CRT or flat panel) and its limitations. For
* fixed display sinks like built-in panels there's not much difference between
* this and &struct drm_connector. But for sinks with a real cable this
* structure is meant to describe all the things at the other end of the cable.
*
* For sinks which provide an EDID this can be filled out by calling
* drm_add_edid_modes().
*/
struct drm_display_info {
/**
* @width_mm: Physical width in mm.
*/
unsigned int width_mm;
/**
* @height_mm: Physical height in mm.
*/
unsigned int height_mm;
/**
* @bpc: Maximum bits per color channel. Used by HDMI and DP outputs.
*/
unsigned int bpc;
/**
* @subpixel_order: Subpixel order of LCD panels.
*/
enum subpixel_order subpixel_order;
#define DRM_COLOR_FORMAT_RGB444 (1<<0)
#define DRM_COLOR_FORMAT_YCBCR444 (1<<1)
#define DRM_COLOR_FORMAT_YCBCR422 (1<<2)
#define DRM_COLOR_FORMAT_YCBCR420 (1<<3)
/**
* @panel_orientation: Read only connector property for built-in panels,
* indicating the orientation of the panel vs the device's casing.
* drm_connector_init() sets this to DRM_MODE_PANEL_ORIENTATION_UNKNOWN.
* When not UNKNOWN this gets used by the drm_fb_helpers to rotate the
* fb to compensate and gets exported as prop to userspace.
*/
int panel_orientation;
/**
* @color_formats: HDMI Color formats, selects between RGB and YCrCb
* modes. Used DRM_COLOR_FORMAT\_ defines, which are _not_ the same ones
* as used to describe the pixel format in framebuffers, and also don't
* match the formats in @bus_formats which are shared with v4l.
*/
u32 color_formats;
/**
* @bus_formats: Pixel data format on the wire, somewhat redundant with
* @color_formats. Array of size @num_bus_formats encoded using
* MEDIA_BUS_FMT\_ defines shared with v4l and media drivers.
*/
const u32 *bus_formats;
/**
* @num_bus_formats: Size of @bus_formats array.
*/
unsigned int num_bus_formats;
/**
* @bus_flags: Additional information (like pixel signal polarity) for
* the pixel data on the bus, using &enum drm_bus_flags values
* DRM_BUS_FLAGS\_.
*/
u32 bus_flags;
/**
* @max_tmds_clock: Maximum TMDS clock rate supported by the
* sink in kHz. 0 means undefined.
*/
int max_tmds_clock;
/**
* @dvi_dual: Dual-link DVI sink?
*/
bool dvi_dual;
/**
* @is_hdmi: True if the sink is an HDMI device.
*
* This field shall be used instead of calling
* drm_detect_hdmi_monitor() when possible.
*/
bool is_hdmi;
/**
* @has_audio: True if the sink supports audio.
*
* This field shall be used instead of calling
* drm_detect_monitor_audio() when possible.
*/
bool has_audio;
/**
* @has_hdmi_infoframe: Does the sink support the HDMI infoframe?
*/
bool has_hdmi_infoframe;
/**
* @rgb_quant_range_selectable: Does the sink support selecting
* the RGB quantization range?
*/
bool rgb_quant_range_selectable;
/**
* @edid_hdmi_rgb444_dc_modes: Mask of supported hdmi deep color modes
* in RGB 4:4:4. Even more stuff redundant with @bus_formats.
*/
u8 edid_hdmi_rgb444_dc_modes;
/**
* @edid_hdmi_ycbcr444_dc_modes: Mask of supported hdmi deep color
* modes in YCbCr 4:4:4. Even more stuff redundant with @bus_formats.
*/
u8 edid_hdmi_ycbcr444_dc_modes;
/**
* @cea_rev: CEA revision of the HDMI sink.
*/
u8 cea_rev;
/**
* @hdmi: advance features of a HDMI sink.
*/
struct drm_hdmi_info hdmi;
/**
* @non_desktop: Non desktop display (HMD).
*/
bool non_desktop;
/**
* @monitor_range: Frequency range supported by monitor range descriptor
*/
struct drm_monitor_range_info monitor_range;
/**
* @luminance_range: Luminance range supported by panel
*/
struct drm_luminance_range_info luminance_range;
/**
* @mso_stream_count: eDP Multi-SST Operation (MSO) stream count from
* the DisplayID VESA vendor block. 0 for conventional Single-Stream
* Transport (SST), or 2 or 4 MSO streams.
*/
u8 mso_stream_count;
/**
* @mso_pixel_overlap: eDP MSO segment pixel overlap, 0-8 pixels.
*/
u8 mso_pixel_overlap;
/**
* @max_dsc_bpp: Maximum DSC target bitrate, if it is set to 0 the
* monitor's default value is used instead.
*/
u32 max_dsc_bpp;
/**
* @vics: Array of vics_len VICs. Internal to EDID parsing.
*/
u8 *vics;
/**
* @vics_len: Number of elements in vics. Internal to EDID parsing.
*/
int vics_len;
/**
* @quirks: EDID based quirks. Internal to EDID parsing.
*/
u32 quirks;
};
int drm_display_info_set_bus_formats(struct drm_display_info *info,
const u32 *formats,
unsigned int num_formats);
/**
* struct drm_connector_tv_margins - TV connector related margins
*
* Describes the margins in pixels to put around the image on TV
* connectors to deal with overscan.
*/
struct drm_connector_tv_margins {
/**
* @bottom: Bottom margin in pixels.
*/
unsigned int bottom;
/**
* @left: Left margin in pixels.
*/
unsigned int left;
/**
* @right: Right margin in pixels.
*/
unsigned int right;
/**
* @top: Top margin in pixels.
*/
unsigned int top;
};
/**
* struct drm_tv_connector_state - TV connector related states
* @select_subconnector: selected subconnector
* @subconnector: detected subconnector
* @margins: TV margins
* @legacy_mode: Legacy TV mode, driver specific value
* @mode: TV mode
* @brightness: brightness in percent
* @contrast: contrast in percent
* @flicker_reduction: flicker reduction in percent
* @overscan: overscan in percent
* @saturation: saturation in percent
* @hue: hue in percent
*/
struct drm_tv_connector_state {
enum drm_mode_subconnector select_subconnector;
enum drm_mode_subconnector subconnector;
struct drm_connector_tv_margins margins;
unsigned int legacy_mode;
unsigned int mode;
unsigned int brightness;
unsigned int contrast;
unsigned int flicker_reduction;
unsigned int overscan;
unsigned int saturation;
unsigned int hue;
};
/**
* struct drm_connector_state - mutable connector state
*/
struct drm_connector_state {
/** @connector: backpointer to the connector */
struct drm_connector *connector;
/**
* @crtc: CRTC to connect connector to, NULL if disabled.
*
* Do not change this directly, use drm_atomic_set_crtc_for_connector()
* instead.
*/
struct drm_crtc *crtc;
/**
* @best_encoder:
*
* Used by the atomic helpers to select the encoder, through the
* &drm_connector_helper_funcs.atomic_best_encoder or
* &drm_connector_helper_funcs.best_encoder callbacks.
*
* This is also used in the atomic helpers to map encoders to their
* current and previous connectors, see
* drm_atomic_get_old_connector_for_encoder() and
* drm_atomic_get_new_connector_for_encoder().
*
* NOTE: Atomic drivers must fill this out (either themselves or through
* helpers), for otherwise the GETCONNECTOR and GETENCODER IOCTLs will
* not return correct data to userspace.
*/
struct drm_encoder *best_encoder;
/**
* @link_status: Connector link_status to keep track of whether link is
* GOOD or BAD to notify userspace if retraining is necessary.
*/
enum drm_link_status link_status;
/** @state: backpointer to global drm_atomic_state */
struct drm_atomic_state *state;
/**
* @commit: Tracks the pending commit to prevent use-after-free conditions.
*
* Is only set when @crtc is NULL.
*/
struct drm_crtc_commit *commit;
/** @tv: TV connector state */
struct drm_tv_connector_state tv;
/**
* @self_refresh_aware:
*
* This tracks whether a connector is aware of the self refresh state.
* It should be set to true for those connector implementations which
* understand the self refresh state. This is needed since the crtc
* registers the self refresh helpers and it doesn't know if the
* connectors downstream have implemented self refresh entry/exit.
*
* Drivers should set this to true in atomic_check if they know how to
* handle self_refresh requests.
*/
bool self_refresh_aware;
/**
* @picture_aspect_ratio: Connector property to control the
* HDMI infoframe aspect ratio setting.
*
* The %DRM_MODE_PICTURE_ASPECT_\* values much match the
* values for &enum hdmi_picture_aspect
*/
enum hdmi_picture_aspect picture_aspect_ratio;
/**
* @content_type: Connector property to control the
* HDMI infoframe content type setting.
* The %DRM_MODE_CONTENT_TYPE_\* values much
* match the values.
*/
unsigned int content_type;
/**
* @hdcp_content_type: Connector property to pass the type of
* protected content. This is most commonly used for HDCP.
*/
unsigned int hdcp_content_type;
/**
* @scaling_mode: Connector property to control the
* upscaling, mostly used for built-in panels.
*/
unsigned int scaling_mode;
/**
* @content_protection: Connector property to request content
* protection. This is most commonly used for HDCP.
*/
unsigned int content_protection;
/**
* @colorspace: State variable for Connector property to request
* colorspace change on Sink. This is most commonly used to switch
* to wider color gamuts like BT2020.
*/
enum drm_colorspace colorspace;
/**
* @writeback_job: Writeback job for writeback connectors
*
* Holds the framebuffer and out-fence for a writeback connector. As
* the writeback completion may be asynchronous to the normal commit
* cycle, the writeback job lifetime is managed separately from the
* normal atomic state by this object.
*
* See also: drm_writeback_queue_job() and
* drm_writeback_signal_completion()
*/
struct drm_writeback_job *writeback_job;
/**
* @max_requested_bpc: Connector property to limit the maximum bit
* depth of the pixels.
*/
u8 max_requested_bpc;
/**
* @max_bpc: Connector max_bpc based on the requested max_bpc property
* and the connector bpc limitations obtained from edid.
*/
u8 max_bpc;
/**
* @privacy_screen_sw_state: See :ref:`Standard Connector
* Properties<standard_connector_properties>`
*/
enum drm_privacy_screen_status privacy_screen_sw_state;
/**
* @hdr_output_metadata:
* DRM blob property for HDR output metadata
*/
struct drm_property_blob *hdr_output_metadata;
};
/**
* struct drm_connector_funcs - control connectors on a given device
*
* Each CRTC may have one or more connectors attached to it. The functions
* below allow the core DRM code to control connectors, enumerate available modes,
* etc.
*/
struct drm_connector_funcs {
/**
* @dpms:
*
* Legacy entry point to set the per-connector DPMS state. Legacy DPMS
* is exposed as a standard property on the connector, but diverted to
* this callback in the drm core. Note that atomic drivers don't
* implement the 4 level DPMS support on the connector any more, but
* instead only have an on/off "ACTIVE" property on the CRTC object.
*
* This hook is not used by atomic drivers, remapping of the legacy DPMS
* property is entirely handled in the DRM core.
*
* RETURNS:
*
* 0 on success or a negative error code on failure.
*/
int (*dpms)(struct drm_connector *connector, int mode);
/**
* @reset:
*
* Reset connector hardware and software state to off. This function isn't
* called by the core directly, only through drm_mode_config_reset().
* It's not a helper hook only for historical reasons.
*
* Atomic drivers can use drm_atomic_helper_connector_reset() to reset
* atomic state using this hook.
*/
void (*reset)(struct drm_connector *connector);
/**
* @detect:
*
* Check to see if anything is attached to the connector. The parameter
* force is set to false whilst polling, true when checking the
* connector due to a user request. force can be used by the driver to
* avoid expensive, destructive operations during automated probing.
*
* This callback is optional, if not implemented the connector will be
* considered as always being attached.
*
* FIXME:
*
* Note that this hook is only called by the probe helper. It's not in
* the helper library vtable purely for historical reasons. The only DRM
* core entry point to probe connector state is @fill_modes.
*
* Note that the helper library will already hold
* &drm_mode_config.connection_mutex. Drivers which need to grab additional
* locks to avoid races with concurrent modeset changes need to use
* &drm_connector_helper_funcs.detect_ctx instead.
*
* Also note that this callback can be called no matter the
* state the connector is in. Drivers that need the underlying
* device to be powered to perform the detection will first need
* to make sure it's been properly enabled.
*
* RETURNS:
*
* drm_connector_status indicating the connector's status.
*/
enum drm_connector_status (*detect)(struct drm_connector *connector,
bool force);
/**
* @force:
*
* This function is called to update internal encoder state when the
* connector is forced to a certain state by userspace, either through
* the sysfs interfaces or on the kernel cmdline. In that case the
* @detect callback isn't called.
*
* FIXME:
*
* Note that this hook is only called by the probe helper. It's not in
* the helper library vtable purely for historical reasons. The only DRM
* core entry point to probe connector state is @fill_modes.
*/
void (*force)(struct drm_connector *connector);
/**
* @fill_modes:
*
* Entry point for output detection and basic mode validation. The
* driver should reprobe the output if needed (e.g. when hotplug
* handling is unreliable), add all detected modes to &drm_connector.modes
* and filter out any the device can't support in any configuration. It
* also needs to filter out any modes wider or higher than the
* parameters max_width and max_height indicate.
*
* The drivers must also prune any modes no longer valid from
* &drm_connector.modes. Furthermore it must update
* &drm_connector.status and &drm_connector.edid. If no EDID has been
* received for this output connector->edid must be NULL.
*
* Drivers using the probe helpers should use
* drm_helper_probe_single_connector_modes() to implement this
* function.
*
* RETURNS:
*
* The number of modes detected and filled into &drm_connector.modes.
*/
int (*fill_modes)(struct drm_connector *connector, uint32_t max_width, uint32_t max_height);
/**
* @set_property:
*
* This is the legacy entry point to update a property attached to the
* connector.
*
* This callback is optional if the driver does not support any legacy
* driver-private properties. For atomic drivers it is not used because
* property handling is done entirely in the DRM core.
*
* RETURNS:
*
* 0 on success or a negative error code on failure.
*/
int (*set_property)(struct drm_connector *connector, struct drm_property *property,
uint64_t val);
/**
* @late_register:
*
* This optional hook can be used to register additional userspace
* interfaces attached to the connector, light backlight control, i2c,
* DP aux or similar interfaces. It is called late in the driver load
* sequence from drm_connector_register() when registering all the
* core drm connector interfaces. Everything added from this callback
* should be unregistered in the early_unregister callback.
*
* This is called while holding &drm_connector.mutex.
*
* Returns:
*
* 0 on success, or a negative error code on failure.
*/
int (*late_register)(struct drm_connector *connector);
/**
* @early_unregister:
*
* This optional hook should be used to unregister the additional
* userspace interfaces attached to the connector from
* late_register(). It is called from drm_connector_unregister(),
* early in the driver unload sequence to disable userspace access
* before data structures are torndown.
*
* This is called while holding &drm_connector.mutex.
*/
void (*early_unregister)(struct drm_connector *connector);
/**
* @destroy:
*
* Clean up connector resources. This is called at driver unload time
* through drm_mode_config_cleanup(). It can also be called at runtime
* when a connector is being hot-unplugged for drivers that support
* connector hotplugging (e.g. DisplayPort MST).
*/
void (*destroy)(struct drm_connector *connector);
/**
* @atomic_duplicate_state:
*
* Duplicate the current atomic state for this connector and return it.
* The core and helpers guarantee that any atomic state duplicated with
* this hook and still owned by the caller (i.e. not transferred to the
* driver by calling &drm_mode_config_funcs.atomic_commit) will be
* cleaned up by calling the @atomic_destroy_state hook in this
* structure.
*
* This callback is mandatory for atomic drivers.
*
* Atomic drivers which don't subclass &struct drm_connector_state should use
* drm_atomic_helper_connector_duplicate_state(). Drivers that subclass the
* state structure to extend it with driver-private state should use
* __drm_atomic_helper_connector_duplicate_state() to make sure shared state is
* duplicated in a consistent fashion across drivers.
*
* It is an error to call this hook before &drm_connector.state has been
* initialized correctly.
*
* NOTE:
*
* If the duplicate state references refcounted resources this hook must
* acquire a reference for each of them. The driver must release these
* references again in @atomic_destroy_state.
*
* RETURNS:
*
* Duplicated atomic state or NULL when the allocation failed.
*/
struct drm_connector_state *(*atomic_duplicate_state)(struct drm_connector *connector);
/**
* @atomic_destroy_state:
*
* Destroy a state duplicated with @atomic_duplicate_state and release
* or unreference all resources it references
*
* This callback is mandatory for atomic drivers.
*/
void (*atomic_destroy_state)(struct drm_connector *connector,
struct drm_connector_state *state);
/**
* @atomic_set_property:
*
* Decode a driver-private property value and store the decoded value
* into the passed-in state structure. Since the atomic core decodes all
* standardized properties (even for extensions beyond the core set of
* properties which might not be implemented by all drivers) this
* requires drivers to subclass the state structure.
*
* Such driver-private properties should really only be implemented for
* truly hardware/vendor specific state. Instead it is preferred to
* standardize atomic extension and decode the properties used to expose
* such an extension in the core.
*
* Do not call this function directly, use
* drm_atomic_connector_set_property() instead.
*
* This callback is optional if the driver does not support any
* driver-private atomic properties.
*
* NOTE:
*
* This function is called in the state assembly phase of atomic
* modesets, which can be aborted for any reason (including on
* userspace's request to just check whether a configuration would be
* possible). Drivers MUST NOT touch any persistent state (hardware or
* software) or data structures except the passed in @state parameter.
*
* Also since userspace controls in which order properties are set this
* function must not do any input validation (since the state update is
* incomplete and hence likely inconsistent). Instead any such input
* validation must be done in the various atomic_check callbacks.
*
* RETURNS:
*
* 0 if the property has been found, -EINVAL if the property isn't
* implemented by the driver (which shouldn't ever happen, the core only
* asks for properties attached to this connector). No other validation
* is allowed by the driver. The core already checks that the property
* value is within the range (integer, valid enum value, ...) the driver
* set when registering the property.
*/
int (*atomic_set_property)(struct drm_connector *connector,
struct drm_connector_state *state,
struct drm_property *property,
uint64_t val);
/**
* @atomic_get_property:
*
* Reads out the decoded driver-private property. This is used to
* implement the GETCONNECTOR IOCTL.
*
* Do not call this function directly, use
* drm_atomic_connector_get_property() instead.
*
* This callback is optional if the driver does not support any
* driver-private atomic properties.
*
* RETURNS:
*
* 0 on success, -EINVAL if the property isn't implemented by the
* driver (which shouldn't ever happen, the core only asks for
* properties attached to this connector).
*/
int (*atomic_get_property)(struct drm_connector *connector,
const struct drm_connector_state *state,
struct drm_property *property,
uint64_t *val);
/**
* @atomic_print_state:
*
* If driver subclasses &struct drm_connector_state, it should implement
* this optional hook for printing additional driver specific state.
*
* Do not call this directly, use drm_atomic_connector_print_state()
* instead.
*/
void (*atomic_print_state)(struct drm_printer *p,
const struct drm_connector_state *state);
/**
* @oob_hotplug_event:
*
* This will get called when a hotplug-event for a drm-connector
* has been received from a source outside the display driver / device.
*/
void (*oob_hotplug_event)(struct drm_connector *connector);
/**
* @debugfs_init:
*
* Allows connectors to create connector-specific debugfs files.
*/
#ifdef __linux__
void (*debugfs_init)(struct drm_connector *connector, struct dentry *root);
#endif
};
/**
* struct drm_cmdline_mode - DRM Mode passed through the kernel command-line
*
* Each connector can have an initial mode with additional options
* passed through the kernel command line. This structure allows to
* express those parameters and will be filled by the command-line
* parser.
*/
struct drm_cmdline_mode {
/**
* @name:
*
* Name of the mode.
*/
char name[DRM_DISPLAY_MODE_LEN];
/**
* @specified:
*
* Has a mode been read from the command-line?
*/
bool specified;
/**
* @refresh_specified:
*
* Did the mode have a preferred refresh rate?
*/
bool refresh_specified;
/**
* @bpp_specified:
*
* Did the mode have a preferred BPP?
*/
bool bpp_specified;
/**
* @pixel_clock:
*
* Pixel Clock in kHz. Optional.
*/
unsigned int pixel_clock;
/**
* @xres:
*
* Active resolution on the X axis, in pixels.
*/
int xres;
/**
* @yres:
*
* Active resolution on the Y axis, in pixels.
*/
int yres;
/**
* @bpp:
*
* Bits per pixels for the mode.
*/
int bpp;
/**
* @refresh:
*
* Refresh rate, in Hertz.
*/
int refresh;
/**
* @rb:
*
* Do we need to use reduced blanking?
*/
bool rb;
/**
* @interlace:
*
* The mode is interlaced.
*/
bool interlace;
/**
* @cvt:
*
* The timings will be calculated using the VESA Coordinated
* Video Timings instead of looking up the mode from a table.
*/
bool cvt;
/**
* @margins:
*
* Add margins to the mode calculation (1.8% of xres rounded
* down to 8 pixels and 1.8% of yres).
*/
bool margins;
/**
* @force:
*
* Ignore the hotplug state of the connector, and force its
* state to one of the DRM_FORCE_* values.
*/
enum drm_connector_force force;
/**
* @rotation_reflection:
*
* Initial rotation and reflection of the mode setup from the
* command line. See DRM_MODE_ROTATE_* and
* DRM_MODE_REFLECT_*. The only rotations supported are
* DRM_MODE_ROTATE_0 and DRM_MODE_ROTATE_180.
*/
unsigned int rotation_reflection;
/**
* @panel_orientation:
*
* drm-connector "panel orientation" property override value,
* DRM_MODE_PANEL_ORIENTATION_UNKNOWN if not set.
*/
enum drm_panel_orientation panel_orientation;
/**
* @tv_margins: TV margins to apply to the mode.
*/
struct drm_connector_tv_margins tv_margins;
/**
* @tv_mode: TV mode standard. See DRM_MODE_TV_MODE_*.
*/
enum drm_connector_tv_mode tv_mode;
/**
* @tv_mode_specified:
*
* Did the mode have a preferred TV mode?
*/
bool tv_mode_specified;
};
/**
* struct drm_connector - central DRM connector control structure
*
* Each connector may be connected to one or more CRTCs, or may be clonable by
* another connector if they can share a CRTC. Each connector also has a specific
* position in the broader display (referred to as a 'screen' though it could
* span multiple monitors).
*/
struct drm_connector {
/** @dev: parent DRM device */
struct drm_device *dev;
/** @kdev: kernel device for sysfs attributes */
struct device *kdev;
/** @attr: sysfs attributes */
struct device_attribute *attr;
/**
* @fwnode: associated fwnode supplied by platform firmware
*
* Drivers can set this to associate a fwnode with a connector, drivers
* are expected to get a reference on the fwnode when setting this.
* drm_connector_cleanup() will call fwnode_handle_put() on this.
*/
struct fwnode_handle *fwnode;
/**
* @head:
*
* List of all connectors on a @dev, linked from
* &drm_mode_config.connector_list. Protected by
* &drm_mode_config.connector_list_lock, but please only use
* &drm_connector_list_iter to walk this list.
*/
struct list_head head;
/**
* @global_connector_list_entry:
*
* Connector entry in the global connector-list, used by
* drm_connector_find_by_fwnode().
*/
struct list_head global_connector_list_entry;
/** @base: base KMS object */
struct drm_mode_object base;
/** @name: human readable name, can be overwritten by the driver */
char *name;
/**
* @mutex: Lock for general connector state, but currently only protects
* @registered. Most of the connector state is still protected by
* &drm_mode_config.mutex.
*/
struct rwlock mutex;
/**
* @index: Compacted connector index, which matches the position inside
* the mode_config.list for drivers not supporting hot-add/removing. Can
* be used as an array index. It is invariant over the lifetime of the
* connector.
*/
unsigned index;
/**
* @connector_type:
* one of the DRM_MODE_CONNECTOR_<foo> types from drm_mode.h
*/
int connector_type;
/** @connector_type_id: index into connector type enum */
int connector_type_id;
/**
* @interlace_allowed:
* Can this connector handle interlaced modes? Only used by
* drm_helper_probe_single_connector_modes() for mode filtering.
*/
bool interlace_allowed;
/**
* @doublescan_allowed:
* Can this connector handle doublescan? Only used by
* drm_helper_probe_single_connector_modes() for mode filtering.
*/
bool doublescan_allowed;
/**
* @stereo_allowed:
* Can this connector handle stereo modes? Only used by
* drm_helper_probe_single_connector_modes() for mode filtering.
*/
bool stereo_allowed;
/**
* @ycbcr_420_allowed : This bool indicates if this connector is
* capable of handling YCBCR 420 output. While parsing the EDID
* blocks it's very helpful to know if the source is capable of
* handling YCBCR 420 outputs.
*/
bool ycbcr_420_allowed;
/**
* @registration_state: Is this connector initializing, exposed
* (registered) with userspace, or unregistered?
*
* Protected by @mutex.
*/
enum drm_connector_registration_state registration_state;
/**
* @modes:
* Modes available on this connector (from fill_modes() + user).
* Protected by &drm_mode_config.mutex.
*/
struct list_head modes;
/**
* @status:
* One of the drm_connector_status enums (connected, not, or unknown).
* Protected by &drm_mode_config.mutex.
*/
enum drm_connector_status status;
/**
* @probed_modes:
* These are modes added by probing with DDC or the BIOS, before
* filtering is applied. Used by the probe helpers. Protected by
* &drm_mode_config.mutex.
*/
struct list_head probed_modes;
/**
* @display_info: Display information is filled from EDID information
* when a display is detected. For non hot-pluggable displays such as
* flat panels in embedded systems, the driver should initialize the
* &drm_display_info.width_mm and &drm_display_info.height_mm fields
* with the physical size of the display.
*
* Protected by &drm_mode_config.mutex.
*/
struct drm_display_info display_info;
/** @funcs: connector control functions */
const struct drm_connector_funcs *funcs;
/**
* @edid_blob_ptr: DRM property containing EDID if present. Protected by
* &drm_mode_config.mutex. This should be updated only by calling
* drm_connector_update_edid_property().
*/
struct drm_property_blob *edid_blob_ptr;
/** @properties: property tracking for this connector */
struct drm_object_properties properties;
/**
* @scaling_mode_property: Optional atomic property to control the
* upscaling. See drm_connector_attach_content_protection_property().
*/
struct drm_property *scaling_mode_property;
/**
* @vrr_capable_property: Optional property to help userspace
* query hardware support for variable refresh rate on a connector.
* connector. Drivers can add the property to a connector by
* calling drm_connector_attach_vrr_capable_property().
*
* This should be updated only by calling
* drm_connector_set_vrr_capable_property().
*/
struct drm_property *vrr_capable_property;
/**
* @colorspace_property: Connector property to set the suitable
* colorspace supported by the sink.
*/
struct drm_property *colorspace_property;
/**
* @path_blob_ptr:
*
* DRM blob property data for the DP MST path property. This should only
* be updated by calling drm_connector_set_path_property().
*/
struct drm_property_blob *path_blob_ptr;
/**
* @max_bpc_property: Default connector property for the max bpc to be
* driven out of the connector.
*/
struct drm_property *max_bpc_property;
/** @privacy_screen: drm_privacy_screen for this connector, or NULL. */
struct drm_privacy_screen *privacy_screen;
/** @privacy_screen_notifier: privacy-screen notifier_block */
struct notifier_block privacy_screen_notifier;
/**
* @privacy_screen_sw_state_property: Optional atomic property for the
* connector to control the integrated privacy screen.
*/
struct drm_property *privacy_screen_sw_state_property;
/**
* @privacy_screen_hw_state_property: Optional atomic property for the
* connector to report the actual integrated privacy screen state.
*/
struct drm_property *privacy_screen_hw_state_property;
#define DRM_CONNECTOR_POLL_HPD (1 << 0)
#define DRM_CONNECTOR_POLL_CONNECT (1 << 1)
#define DRM_CONNECTOR_POLL_DISCONNECT (1 << 2)
/**
* @polled:
*
* Connector polling mode, a combination of
*
* DRM_CONNECTOR_POLL_HPD
* The connector generates hotplug events and doesn't need to be
* periodically polled. The CONNECT and DISCONNECT flags must not
* be set together with the HPD flag.
*
* DRM_CONNECTOR_POLL_CONNECT
* Periodically poll the connector for connection.
*
* DRM_CONNECTOR_POLL_DISCONNECT
* Periodically poll the connector for disconnection, without
* causing flickering even when the connector is in use. DACs should
* rarely do this without a lot of testing.
*
* Set to 0 for connectors that don't support connection status
* discovery.
*/
uint8_t polled;
/**
* @dpms: Current dpms state. For legacy drivers the
* &drm_connector_funcs.dpms callback must update this. For atomic
* drivers, this is handled by the core atomic code, and drivers must
* only take &drm_crtc_state.active into account.
*/
int dpms;
/** @helper_private: mid-layer private data */
const struct drm_connector_helper_funcs *helper_private;
/** @cmdline_mode: mode line parsed from the kernel cmdline for this connector */
struct drm_cmdline_mode cmdline_mode;
/** @force: a DRM_FORCE_<foo> state for forced mode sets */
enum drm_connector_force force;
/**
* @edid_override: Override EDID set via debugfs.
*
* Do not modify or access outside of the drm_edid_override_* family of
* functions.
*/
const struct drm_edid *edid_override;
/**
* @edid_override_mutex: Protect access to edid_override.
*/
struct rwlock edid_override_mutex;
/** @epoch_counter: used to detect any other changes in connector, besides status */
u64 epoch_counter;
/**
* @possible_encoders: Bit mask of encoders that can drive this
* connector, drm_encoder_index() determines the index into the bitfield
* and the bits are set with drm_connector_attach_encoder().
*/
u32 possible_encoders;
/**
* @encoder: Currently bound encoder driving this connector, if any.
* Only really meaningful for non-atomic drivers. Atomic drivers should
* instead look at &drm_connector_state.best_encoder, and in case they
* need the CRTC driving this output, &drm_connector_state.crtc.
*/
struct drm_encoder *encoder;
#define MAX_ELD_BYTES 128
/** @eld: EDID-like data, if present */
uint8_t eld[MAX_ELD_BYTES];
/** @latency_present: AV delay info from ELD, if found */
bool latency_present[2];
/**
* @video_latency: Video latency info from ELD, if found.
* [0]: progressive, [1]: interlaced
*/
int video_latency[2];
/**
* @audio_latency: audio latency info from ELD, if found
* [0]: progressive, [1]: interlaced
*/
int audio_latency[2];
/**
* @ddc: associated ddc adapter.
* A connector usually has its associated ddc adapter. If a driver uses
* this field, then an appropriate symbolic link is created in connector
* sysfs directory to make it easy for the user to tell which i2c
* adapter is for a particular display.
*
* The field should be set by calling drm_connector_init_with_ddc().
*/
struct i2c_adapter *ddc;
/**
* @null_edid_counter: track sinks that give us all zeros for the EDID.
* Needed to workaround some HW bugs where we get all 0s
*/
int null_edid_counter;
/** @bad_edid_counter: track sinks that give us an EDID with invalid checksum */
unsigned bad_edid_counter;
/**
* @edid_corrupt: Indicates whether the last read EDID was corrupt. Used
* in Displayport compliance testing - Displayport Link CTS Core 1.2
* rev1.1 4.2.2.6
*/
bool edid_corrupt;
/**
* @real_edid_checksum: real edid checksum for corrupted edid block.
* Required in Displayport 1.4 compliance testing
* rev1.1 4.2.2.6
*/
u8 real_edid_checksum;
/** @debugfs_entry: debugfs directory for this connector */
struct dentry *debugfs_entry;
/**
* @state:
*
* Current atomic state for this connector.
*
* This is protected by &drm_mode_config.connection_mutex. Note that
* nonblocking atomic commits access the current connector state without
* taking locks. Either by going through the &struct drm_atomic_state
* pointers, see for_each_oldnew_connector_in_state(),
* for_each_old_connector_in_state() and
* for_each_new_connector_in_state(). Or through careful ordering of
* atomic commit operations as implemented in the atomic helpers, see
* &struct drm_crtc_commit.
*/
struct drm_connector_state *state;
/* DisplayID bits. FIXME: Extract into a substruct? */
/**
* @tile_blob_ptr:
*
* DRM blob property data for the tile property (used mostly by DP MST).
* This is meant for screens which are driven through separate display
* pipelines represented by &drm_crtc, which might not be running with
* genlocked clocks. For tiled panels which are genlocked, like
* dual-link LVDS or dual-link DSI, the driver should try to not expose
* the tiling and virtualize both &drm_crtc and &drm_plane if needed.
*
* This should only be updated by calling
* drm_connector_set_tile_property().
*/
struct drm_property_blob *tile_blob_ptr;
/** @has_tile: is this connector connected to a tiled monitor */
bool has_tile;
/** @tile_group: tile group for the connected monitor */
struct drm_tile_group *tile_group;
/** @tile_is_single_monitor: whether the tile is one monitor housing */
bool tile_is_single_monitor;
/** @num_h_tile: number of horizontal tiles in the tile group */
/** @num_v_tile: number of vertical tiles in the tile group */
uint8_t num_h_tile, num_v_tile;
/** @tile_h_loc: horizontal location of this tile */
/** @tile_v_loc: vertical location of this tile */
uint8_t tile_h_loc, tile_v_loc;
/** @tile_h_size: horizontal size of this tile. */
/** @tile_v_size: vertical size of this tile. */
uint16_t tile_h_size, tile_v_size;
#ifdef __OpenBSD__
struct backlight_device *backlight_device;
struct drm_property *backlight_property;
#endif
/**
* @free_node:
*
* List used only by &drm_connector_list_iter to be able to clean up a
* connector from any context, in conjunction with
* &drm_mode_config.connector_free_work.
*/
struct llist_node free_node;
/** @hdr_sink_metadata: HDR Metadata Information read from sink */
struct hdr_sink_metadata hdr_sink_metadata;
};
#define obj_to_connector(x) container_of(x, struct drm_connector, base)
int drm_connector_init(struct drm_device *dev,
struct drm_connector *connector,
const struct drm_connector_funcs *funcs,
int connector_type);
int drm_connector_init_with_ddc(struct drm_device *dev,
struct drm_connector *connector,
const struct drm_connector_funcs *funcs,
int connector_type,
struct i2c_adapter *ddc);
int drmm_connector_init(struct drm_device *dev,
struct drm_connector *connector,
const struct drm_connector_funcs *funcs,
int connector_type,
struct i2c_adapter *ddc);
void drm_connector_attach_edid_property(struct drm_connector *connector);
int drm_connector_register(struct drm_connector *connector);
void drm_connector_unregister(struct drm_connector *connector);
int drm_connector_attach_encoder(struct drm_connector *connector,
struct drm_encoder *encoder);
void drm_connector_cleanup(struct drm_connector *connector);
static inline unsigned int drm_connector_index(const struct drm_connector *connector)
{
return connector->index;
}
static inline u32 drm_connector_mask(const struct drm_connector *connector)
{
return 1 << connector->index;
}
/**
* drm_connector_lookup - lookup connector object
* @dev: DRM device
* @file_priv: drm file to check for lease against.
* @id: connector object id
*
* This function looks up the connector object specified by id
* add takes a reference to it.
*/
static inline struct drm_connector *drm_connector_lookup(struct drm_device *dev,
struct drm_file *file_priv,
uint32_t id)
{
struct drm_mode_object *mo;
mo = drm_mode_object_find(dev, file_priv, id, DRM_MODE_OBJECT_CONNECTOR);
return mo ? obj_to_connector(mo) : NULL;
}
/**
* drm_connector_get - acquire a connector reference
* @connector: DRM connector
*
* This function increments the connector's refcount.
*/
static inline void drm_connector_get(struct drm_connector *connector)
{
drm_mode_object_get(&connector->base);
}
/**
* drm_connector_put - release a connector reference
* @connector: DRM connector
*
* This function decrements the connector's reference count and frees the
* object if the reference count drops to zero.
*/
static inline void drm_connector_put(struct drm_connector *connector)
{
drm_mode_object_put(&connector->base);
}
/**
* drm_connector_is_unregistered - has the connector been unregistered from
* userspace?
* @connector: DRM connector
*
* Checks whether or not @connector has been unregistered from userspace.
*
* Returns:
* True if the connector was unregistered, false if the connector is
* registered or has not yet been registered with userspace.
*/
static inline bool
drm_connector_is_unregistered(struct drm_connector *connector)
{
return READ_ONCE(connector->registration_state) ==
DRM_CONNECTOR_UNREGISTERED;
}
void drm_connector_oob_hotplug_event(struct fwnode_handle *connector_fwnode);
const char *drm_get_connector_type_name(unsigned int connector_type);
const char *drm_get_connector_status_name(enum drm_connector_status status);
const char *drm_get_subpixel_order_name(enum subpixel_order order);
const char *drm_get_dpms_name(int val);
const char *drm_get_dvi_i_subconnector_name(int val);
const char *drm_get_dvi_i_select_name(int val);
const char *drm_get_tv_mode_name(int val);
const char *drm_get_tv_subconnector_name(int val);
const char *drm_get_tv_select_name(int val);
const char *drm_get_dp_subconnector_name(int val);
const char *drm_get_content_protection_name(int val);
const char *drm_get_hdcp_content_type_name(int val);
int drm_get_tv_mode_from_name(const char *name, size_t len);
int drm_mode_create_dvi_i_properties(struct drm_device *dev);
void drm_connector_attach_dp_subconnector_property(struct drm_connector *connector);
int drm_mode_create_tv_margin_properties(struct drm_device *dev);
int drm_mode_create_tv_properties_legacy(struct drm_device *dev,
unsigned int num_modes,
const char * const modes[]);
int drm_mode_create_tv_properties(struct drm_device *dev,
unsigned int supported_tv_modes);
void drm_connector_attach_tv_margin_properties(struct drm_connector *conn);
int drm_mode_create_scaling_mode_property(struct drm_device *dev);
int drm_connector_attach_content_type_property(struct drm_connector *dev);
int drm_connector_attach_scaling_mode_property(struct drm_connector *connector,
u32 scaling_mode_mask);
int drm_connector_attach_vrr_capable_property(
struct drm_connector *connector);
int drm_connector_attach_colorspace_property(struct drm_connector *connector);
int drm_connector_attach_hdr_output_metadata_property(struct drm_connector *connector);
bool drm_connector_atomic_hdr_metadata_equal(struct drm_connector_state *old_state,
struct drm_connector_state *new_state);
int drm_mode_create_aspect_ratio_property(struct drm_device *dev);
int drm_mode_create_hdmi_colorspace_property(struct drm_connector *connector,
u32 supported_colorspaces);
int drm_mode_create_dp_colorspace_property(struct drm_connector *connector,
u32 supported_colorspaces);
int drm_mode_create_content_type_property(struct drm_device *dev);
int drm_mode_create_suggested_offset_properties(struct drm_device *dev);
int drm_connector_set_path_property(struct drm_connector *connector,
const char *path);
int drm_connector_set_tile_property(struct drm_connector *connector);
int drm_connector_update_edid_property(struct drm_connector *connector,
const struct edid *edid);
void drm_connector_set_link_status_property(struct drm_connector *connector,
uint64_t link_status);
void drm_connector_set_vrr_capable_property(
struct drm_connector *connector, bool capable);
int drm_connector_set_panel_orientation(
struct drm_connector *connector,
enum drm_panel_orientation panel_orientation);
int drm_connector_set_panel_orientation_with_quirk(
struct drm_connector *connector,
enum drm_panel_orientation panel_orientation,
int width, int height);
int drm_connector_set_orientation_from_panel(
struct drm_connector *connector,
struct drm_panel *panel);
int drm_connector_attach_max_bpc_property(struct drm_connector *connector,
int min, int max);
void drm_connector_create_privacy_screen_properties(struct drm_connector *conn);
void drm_connector_attach_privacy_screen_properties(struct drm_connector *conn);
void drm_connector_attach_privacy_screen_provider(
struct drm_connector *connector, struct drm_privacy_screen *priv);
void drm_connector_update_privacy_screen(const struct drm_connector_state *connector_state);
/**
* struct drm_tile_group - Tile group metadata
* @refcount: reference count
* @dev: DRM device
* @id: tile group id exposed to userspace
* @group_data: Sink-private data identifying this group
*
* @group_data corresponds to displayid vend/prod/serial for external screens
* with an EDID.
*/
struct drm_tile_group {
struct kref refcount;
struct drm_device *dev;
int id;
u8 group_data[8];
};
struct drm_tile_group *drm_mode_create_tile_group(struct drm_device *dev,
const char topology[8]);
struct drm_tile_group *drm_mode_get_tile_group(struct drm_device *dev,
const char topology[8]);
void drm_mode_put_tile_group(struct drm_device *dev,
struct drm_tile_group *tg);
/**
* struct drm_connector_list_iter - connector_list iterator
*
* This iterator tracks state needed to be able to walk the connector_list
* within struct drm_mode_config. Only use together with
* drm_connector_list_iter_begin(), drm_connector_list_iter_end() and
* drm_connector_list_iter_next() respectively the convenience macro
* drm_for_each_connector_iter().
*
* Note that the return value of drm_connector_list_iter_next() is only valid
* up to the next drm_connector_list_iter_next() or
* drm_connector_list_iter_end() call. If you want to use the connector later,
* then you need to grab your own reference first using drm_connector_get().
*/
struct drm_connector_list_iter {
/* private: */
struct drm_device *dev;
struct drm_connector *conn;
};
void drm_connector_list_iter_begin(struct drm_device *dev,
struct drm_connector_list_iter *iter);
struct drm_connector *
drm_connector_list_iter_next(struct drm_connector_list_iter *iter);
void drm_connector_list_iter_end(struct drm_connector_list_iter *iter);
bool drm_connector_has_possible_encoder(struct drm_connector *connector,
struct drm_encoder *encoder);
const char *drm_get_colorspace_name(enum drm_colorspace colorspace);
/**
* drm_for_each_connector_iter - connector_list iterator macro
* @connector: &struct drm_connector pointer used as cursor
* @iter: &struct drm_connector_list_iter
*
* Note that @connector is only valid within the list body, if you want to use
* @connector after calling drm_connector_list_iter_end() then you need to grab
* your own reference first using drm_connector_get().
*/
#define drm_for_each_connector_iter(connector, iter) \
while ((connector = drm_connector_list_iter_next(iter)))
/**
* drm_connector_for_each_possible_encoder - iterate connector's possible encoders
* @connector: &struct drm_connector pointer
* @encoder: &struct drm_encoder pointer used as cursor
*/
#define drm_connector_for_each_possible_encoder(connector, encoder) \
drm_for_each_encoder_mask(encoder, (connector)->dev, \
(connector)->possible_encoders)
#endif
``` |
The 1979–80 season was Chelsea Football Club's sixty-sixth competitive season.
Table
References
External links
1979–80 season at stamford-bridge.com
1979–80
English football clubs 1979–80 season |
The Curmuca barb (Hypselobarbus curmuca) is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Hypselobarbus which is endemic to upland streams and rivers in southern India.
References
Curmuca barb
Freshwater fish of India
Curmuca barb |
During his two terms in office, President Harry S. Truman appointed four members of the Supreme Court of the United States: Chief Justice Fred M. Vinson, Associate Justice Harold Burton, Associate Justice Tom C. Clark, and Associate Justice Sherman Minton.
Harold Burton nomination
When Supreme Court Associate Justice Owen J. Roberts retired in 1945, Truman decided to appoint a Republican as a bipartisan gesture. Truman had first met Harold Hitz Burton in 1941, when Burton was elected to the United States Senate, where Truman was then serving. Burton served with Truman on the Senate investigative committee that oversaw the U.S. war effort during World War II, and the two got along well.
On September 19, 1945, Truman nominated Burton, who was unanimously confirmed by the United States Senate on the same day by voice vote, without hearing or debate.
Fred Vinson nomination
Chief Justice Harlan Fiske Stone died in office on April 2, 1946. Rumors that Truman would appoint Robert H. Jackson as Stone's successor led several newspapers to investigate and report on a controversy between Justice Jackson and Justice Hugo Black arising from Black's refusal to recuse himself in Jewell Ridge Coal Corp. v. Local 6167, United Mine Workers (1945). Black and Douglas allegedly leaked to newspapers that they would resign if Jackson were appointed Chief Justice. On June 6, 1946, Truman nominated Fred M. Vinson, an old friend, as Stone's replacement. Vinson was confirmed by the United States Senate on June 20, 1946 by voice vote.
Tom Clark nomination
The next vacancy occurred with the death of Justice Frank Murphy on July 19, 1949. On August 2, 1949, Truman nominated Attorney General Tom C. Clark. The New York Times called Clark "a personal and political friend [of Truman's] with no judicial experience and few demonstrated qualifications." Clark had held various position in the Justice Department during the Roosevelt Administration, and had met and become good friends with Truman during that time; when Truman became President, one of his first acts was to appoint Clark as Attorney General. After playing an active role in the effort to reelect Truman in 1948, Clark made clear to the White House that he was planning to return to Texas and the practice of law. Following Justice Murphy's sudden death, however, Truman nominated Clark to fill the vacancy, partly to bolster the majority of Chief Justice Fred Vinson, a former cabinet colleague and friend of Clark who, since his 1946 appointment by Truman, had failed to unify the Court.
Numerous attacks from across the political spectrum were leveled at the nomination. Allegations included charges of “cronyism” and a lack of judicial experience. Policy objections focused on Clark's work at the center of Truman’s anti-communist agenda and, specifically, the Attorney General’s List of Subversive Organizations. Former Roosevelt cabinet members Henry Wallace and Harold Ickes also leveled broadsides, for both personal and ideological reasons. Ickes said about Clark's nomination to the Court, "President Truman has not 'elevated' Tom C. Clark to the Supreme Court, he has degraded the Court." Nevertheless, Clark was confirmed by the United States Senate on August 18, 1949 by a vote of 73–8.
Sherman Minton nomination
Truman's final opportunity to shape the Court came with the death of Wiley Blount Rutledge, also in 1949. Sherman Minton had previously served alongside Truman in the United States Senate, where the two had developed a close friendship. After Minton's 1940 Senate re-election bid had failed, President Roosevelt appointed him as a federal judge to the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit. On September 15, 1949, Truman nominated Minton to the Supreme Court, and the nomination was confirmed by the United States Senate on October 4, 1949 by a vote of 48–16.
Names mentioned
Following is a list of individuals who were mentioned in various news accounts and books as having been considered by Truman for a Supreme Court appointment:
United States Supreme Court (elevation to Chief Justice)
Robert H. Jackson (1892–1954)
United States Courts of Appeals
Court of Appeals for the First Circuit
Peter Woodbury (1899–1970)
Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
Harrie B. Chase (1889–1969)
Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit
Herbert F. Goodrich (1889–1962)
Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit
Florence E. Allen (1884–1966)
Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
Sherman Minton (1890–1965) — Former Senator from Indiana (nominated and confirmed)
Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit
Sam G. Bratton (1888–1963)
Orie L. Phillips (1885–1974)
NOTE: At the time of Truman's presidency, the states of the Eleventh Circuit were part of the Fifth Circuit. The Eleventh Circuit was not created until 1981.
United States District Courts
John W. Delehant (1890–1972) — Judge, United States District Court for the District of Nebraska
Raymond W. Starr (1888–1968) — Judge, United States District Court for the Western District of Michigan
State Supreme Courts
Paul Farthing (1887–1976) — Chief Justice, Illinois Supreme Court
Executive Branch officials
Tom C. Clark (1899–1977) — United States Attorney General (nominated and confirmed)
Charles H. Fahy (1892–1979) — Former United States Solicitor General under Roosevelt
Robert P. Patterson (1891–1952) — United States Secretary of War
Lewis B. Schwellenbach (1894–1948) — United States Secretary of Labor
Fred M. Vinson (1890–1953) — United States Secretary of the Treasury (nominated and confirmed)
United States Senators
Harold H. Burton (1888–1964) — Senator from Ohio (nominated and confirmed)
J. Howard McGrath (1903–1966) — Senator from Rhode Island
Other backgrounds
Joseph B. Keenan (1888–1954) — Chief Prosecutor, Tokyo War Crimes Tribunal
See also
United States federal judge
Judicial appointment history for United States federal courts
References
Further reading
Mimi Clark Gronlund, "A Controversial Appointment." Supreme Court Justice Tom C. Clark (University of Texas Press, 2021) pp. 137-146.
United States Supreme Court candidates by president
Supreme Court candidates |
```java
package com.ctrip.xpipe.redis.checker.healthcheck;
import com.ctrip.xpipe.endpoint.HostPort;
import com.ctrip.xpipe.redis.checker.AbstractCheckerIntegrationTest;
import com.ctrip.xpipe.redis.checker.healthcheck.actions.ping.PingAction;
import com.ctrip.xpipe.redis.checker.healthcheck.actions.ping.PingActionContext;
import com.ctrip.xpipe.redis.core.entity.ClusterMeta;
import com.ctrip.xpipe.redis.core.entity.DcMeta;
import com.ctrip.xpipe.redis.core.entity.RedisMeta;
import com.ctrip.xpipe.redis.core.entity.ShardMeta;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @author chen.zhu
* <p>
* Sep 06, 2018
*/
public class AbstractHealthCheckActionTest extends AbstractCheckerIntegrationTest {
@Autowired
private List<HealthCheckActionListener> listeners;
@Autowired
private HealthCheckInstanceManager instanceManager;
@Test
public void testOnActionWithPing() {
DcMeta dcMeta = new DcMeta("dc");
ClusterMeta clusterMeta = new ClusterMeta("cluster");
ShardMeta shardMeta = new ShardMeta("shard");
RedisMeta redisMeta = new RedisMeta().setIp("127.0.0.1").setPort(6379).setMaster(null);
shardMeta.addRedis(redisMeta);
clusterMeta.addShard(shardMeta);
dcMeta.addCluster(clusterMeta);
RedisHealthCheckInstance instance = instanceManager.getOrCreate(redisMeta);
PingAction action = new PingAction(scheduled, instance, executors);
action.addListeners(listeners);
action.notifyListeners(new PingActionContext(instance, true));
instanceManager.remove(new HostPort(instance.getEndpoint().getHost(), instance.getEndpoint().getPort()));
}
}
``` |
```shell
#!/bin/bash -eu
#
#
# path_to_url
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
#
################################################################################
cd numpy
unset CFLAGS
unset CXXFLAGS
unset LIB_FUZZING_ENGINE
python3 -m pip install .
mkdir -p $SRC/numpy-fuzzers
cd $SRC/numpy-fuzzers
# Build fuzzers in $OUT.
for fuzzer in $(find $SRC -name 'fuzz_*.py'); do
compile_python_fuzzer $fuzzer
done
``` |
```html
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "path_to_url">
<html xmlns="path_to_url">
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<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr style="height: 56px;">
<td id="projectalign" style="padding-left: 0.5em;">
<div id="projectname">Introduction_to_Algorithms
</div>
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</div>
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</script>
<div id="navrow1" class="tabs">
<ul class="tablist">
<li><a href="index.html"><span>Main Page</span></a></li>
<li class="current"><a href="namespaces.html"><span>Namespaces</span></a></li>
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<span class="left">
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onmouseover="return searchBox.OnSearchSelectShow()"
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alt=""/>
<input type="text" id="MSearchField" value="Search" accesskey="S"
onfocus="searchBox.OnSearchFieldFocus(true)"
onblur="searchBox.OnSearchFieldFocus(false)"
onkeyup="searchBox.OnSearchFieldChange(event)"/>
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<a id="MSearchClose" href="javascript:searchBox.CloseResultsWindow()"><img id="MSearchCloseImg" border="0" src="search/close.png" alt=""/></a>
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$(document).ready(function(){initNavTree('namespaceanonymous__namespace_02dfs__test_8h_03.html','');});
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onmouseover="return searchBox.OnSearchSelectShow()"
onmouseout="return searchBox.OnSearchSelectHide()"
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<iframe src="javascript:void(0)" frameborder="0"
name="MSearchResults" id="MSearchResults">
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<div class="header">
<div class="summary">
<a href="#var-members">Variables</a> </div>
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<div class="title">anonymous_namespace{dfs_test.h} Namespace Reference</div> </div>
</div><!--header-->
<div class="contents">
<table class="memberdecls">
<tr class="heading"><td colspan="2"><h2 class="groupheader"><a name="var-members"></a>
Variables</h2></td></tr>
<tr class="memitem:a37ec41bc82ae94b1f3736e26c9754ffb"><td class="memItemLeft" align="right" valign="top">const int </td><td class="memItemRight" valign="bottom"><a class="el" href="namespaceanonymous__namespace_02dfs__test_8h_03.html#a37ec41bc82ae94b1f3736e26c9754ffb">DFS_N</a> = 10</td></tr>
<tr class="separator:a37ec41bc82ae94b1f3736e26c9754ffb"><td class="memSeparator" colspan="2"> </td></tr>
</table>
<h2 class="groupheader">Variable Documentation</h2>
<a class="anchor" id="a37ec41bc82ae94b1f3736e26c9754ffb"></a>
<div class="memitem">
<div class="memproto">
<table class="memname">
<tr>
<td class="memname">const int anonymous_namespace{dfs_test.h}::DFS_N = 10</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div><div class="memdoc">
<p> </p>
<p>Definition at line <a class="el" href="dfs__test_8h_source.html#l00027">27</a> of file <a class="el" href="dfs__test_8h_source.html">dfs_test.h</a>.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div><!-- contents -->
</div><!-- doc-content -->
<!-- start footer part -->
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<li class="navelem"><a class="el" href="namespaceanonymous__namespace_02dfs__test_8h_03.html">anonymous_namespace{dfs_test.h}</a></li>
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<a href="path_to_url">
<img class="footer" src="doxygen.png" alt="doxygen"/></a> 1.8.10 </li>
</ul>
</div>
</body>
</html>
``` |
John Miller (November 10, 1774March 31, 1862) was an American physician and politician from New York.
Life
He attended the district school and a private classical school in Kent, Connecticut. From 1793 on, he studied medicine, first with an uncle, then with Dr. Moshier in Easton, New York. In 1797, he went to Philadelphia and became a private pupil of Dr. Benjamin Rush, and attended Rush's and Dr. William Shippen's lectures at the University of Pennsylvania. In 1798, he returned to Easton and practiced in partnership with Dr. Moshier. Miller was licensed to practice medicine by the Vermont Medical Society in 1800, the law on licensing physicians not being enacted yet in the State of New York. In 1801, he removed to that part of the Town of Fabius which was split off as the Town of Truxton when Cortland County was established in 1808, and continued the practice of medicine there. In 1805, he married Phoebe (1779–1838), and they had eight children, among them Charles Miller MD (1816–1854).
He was Coroner of Cortland County from 1802 to 1805, Postmaster of Truxton from 1805 to 1825, a Justice of the Peace from 1812 to 1821, and an associate judge of the Cortland County Court from 1817 to 1820. He was a founding member of the Cortland County Medical Society in 1808, and was its first Vice President.
Miller was a member of the New York State Assembly in 1816–17, 1820 and 1846. He was elected as an Adams man to the Nineteenth United States Congress, holding office from March 4, 1825, to March 3, 1827. He was a delegate to the New York State Constitutional Convention of 1846.
Miller was buried at the City Cemetery in Truxton.
Sources
The New York Civil List compiled by Franklin Benjamin Hough (pages 58, 71, 192, 195, 231 and 292; Weed, Parsons and Co., 1858)
Transactions of the American Medical Association (Vol. 14, 1864; pages 202f)
Documents of the Senate of the State of New York (Vol. 5; pages 449ff)
Death notice of his son Charles, in NYT on January 12, 1854
External links
1774 births
1862 deaths
University of Pennsylvania alumni
19th-century American politicians
People from Amenia, New York
People from Truxton, New York
19th-century American physicians
Members of the New York State Assembly
New York (state) state court judges
National Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from New York (state)
People from Easton, New York |
```javascript
/**
* @license Apache-2.0
*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
'use strict';
// MAIN //
/**
* Returns a callback to be invoked upon calling the `redraw` command.
*
* @private
* @param {Presentation} pres - presentation instance
* @returns {Function} callback
*/
function command( pres ) {
return onCommand;
/**
* Redraws the current presentation slide.
*
* @private
*/
function onCommand() {
pres._repl.once( 'drain', onDrain ); // eslint-disable-line no-underscore-dangle
/**
* Callback invoked upon a `drain` event.
*
* @private
*/
function onDrain() {
pres.show();
}
}
}
// EXPORTS //
module.exports = command;
``` |
Chamcha (; , Çamça) is a rural locality (a selo) in Orto-Nakharinsky Rural Okrug of Lensky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located from Lensk, the administrative center of the district, and from Orto-Nakhara, the administrative center of the rural okrug. Its population as of the 2002 Census was 355.
References
Notes
Sources
Official website of the Sakha Republic. Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Divisions of the Sakha Republic. Lensky District.
Rural localities in Lensky District, Sakha Republic |
Black silicon is a semiconductor material, a surface modification of silicon with very low reflectivity and correspondingly high absorption of visible (and infrared) light.
The modification was discovered in the 1980s as an unwanted side effect of reactive ion etching (RIE). Other methods for forming a similar structure include electrochemical etching, stain etching, metal-assisted chemical etching, and laser treatment (which is developed in Eric Mazur's laboratory at Harvard University).
Black silicon has become a major asset to the solar photovoltaic industry as it enables greater light to electricity conversion efficiency of standard crystalline silicon solar cells, which significantly reduces their costs.
Properties
Black silicon is a needle-shaped surface structure where needles are made of single-crystal silicon and have a height above 10 µm and diameter less than 1 µm. Its main feature is an increased absorption of incident light—the high reflectivity of the silicon, which is usually 20–30% for quasi-normal incidence, is reduced to about 5%. This is due to the formation of a so-called effective medium by the needles. Within this medium, there is no sharp interface, but a continuous change of the refractive index that reduces Fresnel reflection. When the depth of the graded layer is roughly equal to the wavelength of light in silicon (about one-quarter the wavelength in vacuum) the reflection is reduced to 5%; deeper grades produce even blacker silicon. For low reflectivity, the nanoscale features producing the index graded layer must be smaller than the wavelength of the incident light to avoid scattering.
Applications
The unusual optical characteristics, combined with the semiconducting properties of silicon make this material interesting for sensor applications. Potential applications include:
Image sensors with increased sensitivity
Thermal imaging cameras
Photodetector with high-efficiency through increased absorption.
Mechanical contacts and interfaces
Terahertz applications.
Solar cells
Antibacterial surfaces that work by physically rupturing bacteria's cellular membranes.
Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Ammonia Gas Sensors
Production
Reactive-ion etching
In semiconductor technology, reactive-ion etching (RIE) is a standard procedure for producing trenches and holes with a depth of up to several hundred micrometres and very high aspect ratios. In Bosch process RIE, this is achieved by repeatedly switching between an etching and passivation. With cryogenic RIE, the low temperature and oxygen gas achieve this sidewall passivation by forming , easily removed from the bottom by directional ions. Both RIE methods can produce black silicon, but the morphology of the resulting structure differs substantially. The switching between etching and passivation of the Bosch process creates undulated sidewalls, which are visible also on the black silicon formed this way.
During etching, however, small debris remain on the substrate; they mask the ion beam and produce structures that are not removed and in the following etching and passivation steps result in tall silicon pillars. The process can be set so that a million needles are formed on an area of one square millimeter.
Mazur's method
In 1999, a Harvard University group led by Eric Mazur developed a process in which black silicon was produced by irradiating silicon with femtosecond laser pulses. After irradiation in the presence of a gas containing sulfur hexafluoride and other dopants, the surface of silicon develops a self-organized microscopic structure of micrometer-sized cones. The resulting material has many remarkable properties, such as absorption that extends to the infrared range, below the band gap of silicon, including wavelengths for which ordinary silicon is transparent. sulfur atoms are forced to the silicon surface, creating a structure with a lower band gap and therefore the ability to absorb longer wavelengths.
Similar surface modification can be achieved in vacuum using the same type of laser and laser processing conditions. In this case, the individual silicon cones lack sharp tips (see image). The reflectivity of such a micro-structured surface is very low, 3–14% in the spectral range 350–1150 nm. Such reduction in reflectivity is contributed by the cone geometry, which increases the light internal reflections between them. Hence, the possibility of light absorption is increased. The gain in absorption achieved by fs laser texturization was superior to that achieved by using an alkaline chemical etch method, which is a standard industrial approach for surface texturing of mono-crystalline silicon wafers in solar cell manufacturing. Such surface modification is independent of local crystalline orientation. A uniform texturing effect can be achieved across the surface of a multi-crystalline silicon wafer. The very steep angles lower the reflection to near zero and also increase the probability of recombination, keeping it from use in solar cells.
Nanopores
When a mix of copper nitrate, phosphorous acid, hydrogen fluoride and water are applied to a silicon wafer, the phosphorous acid reduction reduces the copper ions to copper nanoparticles. The nanoparticles attract electrons from the wafer's surface, oxidizing it and allowing the hydrogen fluoride to burn inverted pyramid-shaped nanopores into the silicon. The process produced pores as small as 590 nm that let through more than 99% of light.
Chemical Etching
Black silicon can also be produced by chemical etching using a process called Metal-Assisted Chemical Etching (MACE).
Function
When the material is biased by a small electric voltage, absorbed photons are able to excite dozens of electrons. The sensitivity of black silicon detectors is 100–500 times higher than that of untreated silicon (conventional silicon), in both the visible and infrared spectra.
A group at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory reported black silicon solar cells with 18.2% efficiency. This black silicon anti-reflective surface was formed by a metal-assisted etch process using nano particles of silver. In May 2015, researchers from Finland's Aalto University, working with researchers from Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya announced they had created black silicon solar cells with 22.1% efficiency by applying a thin passivating film on the nanostructures by Atomic Layer Deposition, and by integrating all metal contacts on the back side of the cell.
A team led by Elena Ivanova at Swinburne University of Technology in Melbourne discovered in 2012 that cicada wings were potent killers of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an opportunist germ that also infects humans and is becoming resistant to antibiotics.
The effect came from regularly-spaced "nanopillars" on which bacteria were sliced to shreds as they settled on the surface.
Both cicada wings and black silicon were put through their paces in a lab, and both were bactericidal.
Smooth to human touch, the surfaces destroyed Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, as well as bacterial spores.
The three targeted bacterial species were P. aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, a wide-ranging soil germ that is a cousin of anthrax.
The killing rate was 450,000 bacteria per square centimetre per minute over the first three hours of exposure or 810 times the minimum dose needed to infect a person with S. aureus, and 77,400 times that of P. aeruginosa. However, it was later proven that the quantification protocol of Ivanova's team was not suitable for these kind of antibacterial surfaces.
See also
Quantum efficiency of a solar cell
Solasys
University of Wisconsin-Madison. "'Stealth' material hides hot objects from infrared eyes." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/06/180622174752.htm (accessed 23 June 2018).
References
External links
SiOnyx brings "Black Silicon" into the light
New New York Times article (needs NYT subscription)
SiOnyx homepage
Lasers for Photovoltaics – Knowledge Base
Lasers Improve PV Efficiency
Lasers, Plasmas et Procédés Photoniques – Recherche – Structuration du silicium : Application au Photovoltaïque (in French)
Silicon forms
Silicon, black
Silicon solar cells
Infrared solar cells
Thin-film cells |
```go
//
//
// path_to_url
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// gnostic-plugin-request is a development tool that captures and optionally
// displays the contents of the gnostic plugin interface.
package main
import (
"log"
"github.com/golang/protobuf/jsonpb"
"github.com/golang/protobuf/proto"
openapiv2 "github.com/google/gnostic/openapiv2"
openapiv3 "github.com/google/gnostic/openapiv3"
plugins "github.com/google/gnostic/plugins"
surface "github.com/google/gnostic/surface"
)
func main() {
env, err := plugins.NewEnvironment()
env.RespondAndExitIfError(err)
if env.Verbose {
for _, model := range env.Request.Models {
log.Printf("model %s", model.TypeUrl)
switch model.TypeUrl {
case "openapi.v2.Document":
document := &openapiv2.Document{}
err = proto.Unmarshal(model.Value, document)
if err == nil {
log.Printf("%+v", document)
}
case "openapi.v3.Document":
document := &openapiv3.Document{}
err = proto.Unmarshal(model.Value, document)
if err == nil {
log.Printf("%+v", document)
}
case "surface.v1.Model":
document := &surface.Model{}
err = proto.Unmarshal(model.Value, document)
if err == nil {
log.Printf("%+v", document)
}
}
}
}
// export the plugin request as JSON
{
file := &plugins.File{}
file.Name = "plugin-request.json"
m := jsonpb.Marshaler{Indent: " "}
s, err := m.MarshalToString(env.Request)
file.Data = []byte(s)
env.RespondAndExitIfError(err)
env.Response.Files = append(env.Response.Files, file)
}
// export the plugin request as binary protobuf
{
file := &plugins.File{}
file.Name = "plugin-request.pb"
file.Data, err = proto.Marshal(env.Request)
env.RespondAndExitIfError(err)
env.Response.Files = append(env.Response.Files, file)
}
env.RespondAndExit()
}
``` |
Bethany Joan "Beth" Goldsmith (October 6, 1927 – October 24, 2004) was a pitcher who played from 1948 through 1950 in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League. Listed at , 160 lb, she batted and threw right-handed.
Born in Elgin, Illinois, Goldsmith started playing sandlot ball with the boys of her neighborhood at age 12 and organized softball for the McGraw Electric team when she was a teenager. Charlene Barnett, a former teammate on the McGraw team who had joined the AAGPBL the previous year, advised Goldsmith to attend the next spring training of the league in Opa-locka, Florida. Primarily an outfielder, she attended the tryout and was converted into a pitcher on the strength of her arm and her quick overhand delivery. She then was assigned to the Kenosha Comets to start the 1948 season.
In her rookie year Goldsmith posted a 14–14 record and a 1.68 earned run average in 31 pitching appearances, striking out 117 batters in 245 innings of work. During the season, she hurled both games of a doubleheader against the Fort Wayne Daisies. She limited them to one hit in the opener but lost the game. Then she had better luck in the second game and was credited with the victory. In addition, she finished 11th in innings pitched and tied for 10th for the most strikeouts with Muskegon Lassies' Doris Sams.
Before the 1949 season, Goldsmith enjoyed a memorable experience during an AAGPBL tour of Central America, as the teams were feted by both government officials and the common people. In Nicaragua, she visited the presidential palace and was greeted by the then President Anastasio Somoza. That year, she went 8–11 with a 3.09 ERA in 29 games. Fourth place Kenosha advanced to the postseason, but lost to Muskegon in the best-of-three first round. In her only career playoff game, Goldsmith pitched two perfect innings of relief while striking out three. Goldsmith improved to 12–9 with a .368 ERA in 1950, her last season in the league. In all, she finished with 34–34 record and a 2.72 ERA in 87 games.
Following her baseball career, she worked for AT&T company for 30 years. After retiring in 1984, she attended AAGPBL Players Association reunions and enjoyed playing golf in her home of Orlando, Florida.
Goldsmith forms part of Women in Baseball, a permanent display based at the Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum in Cooperstown, New York, which was unveiled in 1988 to honor the entire All-American Girls Professional Baseball League.
Career statistics
Pitching
Batting
Fielding
Sources
All-American Girls Professional Baseball League players
Kenosha Comets players
Baseball players from Illinois
Sportspeople from Elgin, Illinois
Baseball players from Orlando, Florida
1927 births
2004 deaths
20th-century American people
21st-century American women |
Fairfield County Bank, is a full-service community bank and insurance provider serving customers in Fairfield County, Connecticut. The bank is headquartered in Ridgefield, Connecticut and was founded in 1871.
History
In 1871, Ridgefield Savings Bank opened its first office at Old Hundred now the Aldrich Museum. The bank was a part of the Bailey & Gage store. In 1874, Fairfield County Savings Bank opened its first office on Wall Street, Norwalk. In 2004, the two banks, Ridgefield Bank and Fairfield County Savings Bank, come together as Fairfield County Savings Bank. The bank's insurance arm is currently licensed to operate in 32 States.
Notes
External links
Official website
Banks based in Connecticut
Banks established in 1871
Mutual savings banks in the United States
Companies based in Fairfield County, Connecticut
1871 establishments in Connecticut |
Lenape are a Native American people.
Lenape may also refer to:
Lenape, Kansas, an unincorporated community in Leavenworth County
Lenape, Pennsylvania, an unincorporated community in Chester County
Lenape potato, a potato variety
Lenape High School, which is in New Jersey
Lenape Middle School, Doylestown, Pennsylvania
USS Lenape (ID-2700) was a troop transport for the United States Navy in 1918, during World War I
See also
Lenape Heights, a census-designated place (CDP) in Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, United States. |
The men's 66 kg competition of the 2011 World Judo Championships was held on August 23.
Medalists
Results
Pool A
First round fights
Pool B
First round fights
Pool C
First round fights
Pool D
First round fights
Repechage
Finals
References
External links
Draw
M66
World Judo Championships Men's Half Lightweight |
Sam Jackson's Secret Video Diary is a British independent film. The makers believe it is notable for being the first film ever made whose leading actor has died before the start of principal photography. The film's eponymous lead was played by Posy Miller, who died of acute leukemia on 24 December 2002.
The film takes the form of a TV documentary, and tells the story of a missing person, Samantha Jackson. One of Sam's friends discovers fragments of a video diary she had been making as a secret reality TV project, and comes into contact with the producer who has also lost touch with Sam. As the months go by, more tapes come to light, providing clues as to what really happened to Sam Jackson.
The film premiered at London's Raindance Film Festival in 2005, and was subsequently nominated for a British Independent Film Award. Wide release was then delayed following problems using commercial music in the film, finally resolved in 2007. The film was initially released on 28 December 2007 as a "pay-what-you-like" internet download through the production company's website, with 20% of profits going to the UK charities Leukaemia Research and Missing People. It was released simultaneously with a feature-length documentary, Beyond Fiction, which chronicles the true story behind the production.
In 2011 the film was made available as free to view, via the Sam Jackson's Secret Video Diary website.
Plot
Samantha Jackson, a television videotape editor, was last seen in August 2003 and is officially classified as a missing person. Whilst sifting through Sam's flat several weeks after her disappearance, one of her friends, Abi Wright, discovers part of a video diary that Sam was making only a few weeks before her disappearance. The diary was a record of Sam's experiences phone dating, and was designed to be shown as Reality TV. Soon afterwards, the TV producer working with Sam, Kerry Finch, returns from a foreign assignment and tries to contact her - finding Abi instead. Kerry Finch has more tapes, which end dramatically after an apparent sudden downturn in Sam Jackson's fortunes.
The search, conducted with the police and the National Missing Persons Helpline and followed by the documentary crew, finds more clues which hint at a darker side to Sam's character. However, just when the trail seems to be going cold, a dramatic breakthrough occurs.
Production
As a centrepiece, the film uses tapes Posy Miller made with Molehill Productions for television promotional tape earlier in 2002. The television production was intended to be a one-woman microdrama shown for only a few minutes each day and presented as real to the public. The project was kept secret to preserve the possibility of anonymity. The tape was made up of brief fragments of the entire story and intended to be seen by industry professionals only.
In December 2002, the project's sole actor, Posy Miller, became suddenly very ill and died a week later from acute leukemia. The makers attended her funeral, where they met Posy's friends and family for the first time and explained what she had spent part of her final year doing. Initially there was no question about continuing with the project, since they did not have enough material to complete their story. But a few weeks later, the project's director, Guy Rowland, had an idea of turning it around into a film which followed the search for a missing person.
After the blessing of Posy's family, the film's script was written around the fragments, and the cast was largely actor friends of Posy. Filming and editing ran through 2004 and 2005. Production funding was provided from the makers and friends.
Release
The film premiered at the 13th Raindance Film Festival in 2005, and subsequently picked up a nomination for a British Independent Film Award (The Raindance Award). The makers then faced a problem - some commercial tracks were embedded into the original footage of Posy, and could not be replaced. Although Molehill had clearance for film festival use, use for a wider release proved much more difficult on the film's tiny budget. After 18 months of negotiations, the film was finally cleared, and a release date was set for 28 December 2007 (the week of the 5th anniversary of Posy Miller's death).
This global release followed the pattern of Radiohead's pioneering distribution for their 2007 Album In Rainbows (one of the band's songs is used in the film). The film was available in the DIVX video format, and it was up to the individual to decide how much to pay. The film's makers stated that in memory of Posy Miller, 10% of all income they received from the download sales will go to Leukaemia Research, a UK charity. A further 10% will go to Missing People. The latter charity (also British) was formerly known as the National Missing Persons Helpline, and helped in the film's production. Their spokeswoman at the time, Sophie Woodforde, is interviewed as herself in the film.
Free to view
In September 2011, the film's rights changed hands from Molehill Productions to the director. At the same time, the film was made available as straightforward free to view, via the Vimeo platform. Links to the Missing People and Leukaemia & Lymphoma Research charities have been maintained via the film's website.
Beyond Fiction: Posy Miller and the Story of Sam Jackson's Secret Video Diary
A second film, Beyond Fiction: Posy Miller and the Story of Sam Jackson's Secret Video Diary, was released in 2007, a genuine documentary which chronicles the turbulent production. The makers filmed behind-the-scenes footage of production tests, the casting process and filming with Posy Miller, which all feature in the film. Also appearing is Misha Herwin, Posy's mother, who talks with director Guy Rowland about the effect of the film on her.
The film runs for 84 minutes, and is narrated by Guy Rowland.
References
External links
Official website
Internet Movie Database entry
BBC Radio 5 Live interview with director Guy Rowland
British independent films
2000s English-language films
2000s British films |
Guy François may refer to:
Guy François (painter) (1578–1650), French painter
Guy François (colonel) (died 2006), colonel from Haiti
Guy François (footballer) (1947–2019), football player from Haiti |
```c++
// QCodeEditor
#include <QLineNumberArea>
#include <QSyntaxStyle>
#include <QCodeEditor>
// Qt
#include <QTextEdit>
#include <QPainter>
#include <QPaintEvent>
#include <QTextBlock>
#include <QScrollBar>
#include <QAbstractTextDocumentLayout>
QLineNumberArea::QLineNumberArea(QCodeEditor* parent) :
QWidget(parent),
m_syntaxStyle(nullptr),
m_codeEditParent(parent)
{
}
QSize QLineNumberArea::sizeHint() const
{
if (m_codeEditParent == nullptr)
{
return QWidget::sizeHint();
}
// Calculating width
int digits = 1;
int max = qMax(1, m_codeEditParent->document()->blockCount());
while (max >= 10) {
max /= 10;
++digits;
}
#if QT_VERSION >= 0x050B00
int space = 13 + m_codeEditParent->fontMetrics().horizontalAdvance(QLatin1Char('9')) * digits;
#else
int space = 13 + m_codeEditParent->fontMetrics().width(QLatin1Char('9')) * digits;
#endif
return {space, 0};
}
void QLineNumberArea::setSyntaxStyle(QSyntaxStyle* style)
{
m_syntaxStyle = style;
}
QSyntaxStyle* QLineNumberArea::syntaxStyle() const
{
return m_syntaxStyle;
}
void QLineNumberArea::paintEvent(QPaintEvent* event)
{
QPainter painter(this);
// Clearing rect to update
painter.fillRect(
event->rect(),
m_syntaxStyle->getFormat("Text").background().color()
);
auto blockNumber = m_codeEditParent->getFirstVisibleBlock();
auto block = m_codeEditParent->document()->findBlockByNumber(blockNumber);
auto top = (int) m_codeEditParent->document()->documentLayout()->blockBoundingRect(block).translated(0, -m_codeEditParent->verticalScrollBar()->value()).top();
auto bottom = top + (int) m_codeEditParent->document()->documentLayout()->blockBoundingRect(block).height();
auto currentLine = m_syntaxStyle->getFormat("CurrentLineNumber").foreground().color();
auto otherLines = m_syntaxStyle->getFormat("LineNumber").foreground().color();
painter.setFont(m_codeEditParent->font());
while (block.isValid() && top <= event->rect().bottom())
{
if (block.isVisible() && bottom >= event->rect().top())
{
QString number = QString::number(blockNumber + 1);
auto isCurrentLine = m_codeEditParent->textCursor().blockNumber() == blockNumber;
painter.setPen(isCurrentLine ? currentLine : otherLines);
painter.drawText(
-5,
top,
sizeHint().width(),
m_codeEditParent->fontMetrics().height(),
Qt::AlignRight,
number
);
}
block = block.next();
top = bottom;
bottom = top + (int) m_codeEditParent->document()->documentLayout()->blockBoundingRect(block).height();
++blockNumber;
}
}
``` |
Patricia Elaine Joan Rodgers (born 13 July 1948) is a Bahamian diplomat who served as the permanent secretary in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the High Commissioner in the United Kingdom (16 May 1988 – 30 October 1992), and in Canada. In 2014, Rodgers was awarded the Janet Bostwick Medal for Women in the Foreign Service.
Education
Rodgers holds a Master of Arts degree in English from the University of Aberdeen (1970), and a Diploma in International Relations from the University of the West Indies St Augustine, Trinidad (1972), and a PhD from the Graduate Institute of International Studies in Geneva (1981).
Books
Midocean archipelagos and international law: A study in the progressive development of international law. Vantage Press. 1981. .
References
1948 births
Alumni of the University of Aberdeen
Bahamian women ambassadors
High Commissioners of the Bahamas to Canada
High Commissioners of the Bahamas to the United Kingdom
Living people
University of the West Indies alumni
Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies alumni |
Orthopedic templating is a process wherein surgeons using either acetate templates or digital templates estimate the correct size of the prosthesis to be used in surgery. The biggest educator on the subject has been AO/ASIF. In a study published in the Injury journal published in 1998, 94% of consultants and 100% of trainees felt that planning was important but half, respectively, routinely planned fracture treatment.
Since 1996 many companies have developed software to computerize the process, mediCAD® was the first commercially available software, mainly focused on the German market. Other later work includes that of the orthopedic pediatric surgeon Peter Stevens MD from University Of Utah. The market only truly developed in 2003 when UK based OrthoView was founded by Albany Ventures, and the Israeli-based Orthocrat-TraumaCad which was bootstrapped by an experienced Orthopedic Surgeon Doron Norman MD at the time deputy director of Orthopedics in Rambam Hospital in Haifa and a software entrepreneur Zeev Glozman.
The main driver of software based orthopedic templating was the introduction of computed radiography (CR) and digital radiography (DR) systems on a mass scale, which in essence eliminated film from the hospital environment, creating the need for digital templating. Unfortunately, eliminating film creates a major flaw when viewing the digital images on a variety of viewing formats. Therefore, a value of known size must be present within the image much like a legend on a map. The first calibration device has been introduced into the market by Zimmer corporation which consisted of an acrylic bar with two embedded steel balls. OrthoMark and J2 Medicals Akucal were the first devices to use a spherical marker on an articulating and adjustable arm attached to a base which could be placed next to or under a patient. Subsequently, several different OrthoMark models became available with a variety of bases. Some companies copied these devices, among them was Orthocrat-TraumaCad (subsequently Voyant Health, then Brainlab) with what they called VoyantMark. Another adaptation was the development by Mr Richard King of University of Coventry & Warwickshire of a dual marker calibration device dubbed KingMark.
The vast majority of PACS (picture archiving and communication system) providers have partnered with Tel Aviv-based Voyant Health (previously Orthocrat-TraumaCad, now Brainlab, purchased in 2012) or Southampton-based OrthoView. Some PACS providers such as Sectra, and Medstrat, as well as Cedara have developed templating as part of their PACS solution.
While none of the software packages necessarily address the entire aspect of the surgical tactic, instead focusing on pre-operative implant size selection, the tools prove to be quite usable, convenient, and efficient.
The next step of this technology is making it available on mobile devices such as iPad as well as Android platforms. BrainLab demonstrated its iPad application for Orthopaedic templating at AAOS 2014.
Medstrat envisioned digital templating helping pre-plan cases as a result of the relationship between a Stryker joint rep and his brother-in-law. Orthocrats TraumaCad was founded as a result of patient-doctor relationship between a young rock climber and an orthopedic surgeon. OrthoView was founded in 2003 by Adrian Dwyer, Peter Quinn, and John Chambers as well as an orthopaedic surgeon Grant Shaw of Southampton. It was acquired by Materialise NV in 2014.
As technology moves forward, Artificial Intelligence (AI) made its way to orthopedic templating. PeekMed launched in 2015 an AI-based system, that speeds and automatizes several time-consuming and cumbersome steps by performing automatic bone segmentation, automatic landmark detection, and the automatic planning of the procedure, using the best surgical practices and quick selection of the correction and implants needed. Furthermore, PeekMed allows the surgeon to edit the planning and to simulate different outcomes of the procedure. One of the features of this ultimate technology, automatic orthopedic templating helps the surgeon by automatically placing the most suitable template in the correct position with extreme accuracy.
References
External links
Orthopedic treatment |
Little Creek is a river located in Cayuga County, New York. There is an associated waterfall. It flows into Cayuga Lake by Aurora, New York.
References
Rivers of Cayuga County, New York
Rivers of New York (state) |
Cali Carranza (March 29, 1953 – May 1, 2012) was an American Tejano (Spanish for "Texan") musician. Born in Pharr, Texas he began playing the drums and accordion in his father's band at eight years old. Carranza joined Conjunto Bernal in 1973, before becoming a founding member of Roberto Pulido y Los Clasicos. In 1976, Carranza formed his own band, Los Formales, with his brothers, Nito and Ruben.
Los Formales recorded several albums and were known for their harmonies and live performances. Cali Carranza won awards for Song of the Year 1983, 1985 and 1994. He also received nominations for multiple awards including Tejano Band of the Year, Album of the Year, Male Vocalist of the Year, Song of the Year and Video of the Year from various Tejano music outlets. In 2009, he was inducted into the Tejano Roots Hall of Fame and 2010, he received the Tejano Music Academy's Lifetime Achievement Award.
On May 1, 2012, Cali Carranza died at the age of 59 after a protracted battle with ALS (Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), also known as Lou Gherig's disease.
References
1953 births
2012 deaths
American male singers
Tejano musicians
People from Pharr, Texas
Tejano accordionists
Deaths from motor neuron disease |
Gregory Maxwell "Max" Kelly (5 June 1930 – 26 January 2007) was an Australian mathematician who worked on category theory.
Biography
Kelly was born in Bondi, New South Wales, Australia, on 5 June 1930. He obtained his PhD at Cambridge University in homological algebra in 1957, publishing his first paper in that area in 1959, Single-space axioms for homology theory. He taught in the Pure Mathematics department at the University of Sydney from 1957 to 1966, rising from lecturer to reader. During 1963–1965 he was a visiting fellow at Tulane University and the University of Illinois, where with Samuel Eilenberg he formalized and developed the notion of an enriched category based on intuitions then in the air about making the homsets of a category just as abstract as the objects themselves.
He subsequently developed the notion in considerably more detail in his 1982 monograph Basic Concepts of Enriched Category Theory. Let be a monoidal category, and denote by -Cat the category of -enriched categories. Among other things, Kelly showed that -Cat has all weighted limits and colimits even when does not have all ordinary limits and colimits. He also developed the enriched counterparts of Kan extensions, density of the Yoneda embedding, and essentially algebraic theories.
In 1967 Kelly was appointed Professor of Pure Mathematics at the University of New South Wales. In 1972 he was elected a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science. He returned to the University of Sydney in 1973, serving as Professor of Mathematics until his retirement in 1992. In 2001 he was awarded the Australian government's Centenary Medal. He continued to participate in the department as professorial fellow and professor emeritus until his death at age 76 on 26 January 2007.
Kelly worked on many other aspects of category theory besides enriched categories, both individually and in a number of collaborations. His PhD students include Ross Street.
References
External links
Max Kelly's Perpetual Web Page: a memorial page set up by Kelly's son Simon Kelly.
"In Memory of Max Kelly": a post at The n-Category Café, containing praise from his fellow mathematicians
1930 births
2007 deaths
Australian mathematicians
Category theorists
Academic staff of the University of Sydney
Academic staff of the University of New South Wales
Fellows of the Australian Academy of Science
People from the Eastern Suburbs (Sydney)
Alumni of the University of Cambridge |
Laas Geel (), also spelled Laas Gaal, are cave formations on the rural outskirts of Hargeisa, Somalia, situated in the Maroodi Jeex region of the country. They contain some of the earliest known cave paintings of domesticated African aurochs (Bos primigenius africanus) in the Horn of Africa. Laas Geel's rock art is estimated to date to circa 3,500-2,500 BCE.
Discovery
During November and December 2002, an archaeological survey was carried out in Somaliland by a French team of researchers. The expedition's objective was to search for rock shelters and caves that contained archaeological sediments and infills in order to document the historical period when production economy appeared in this part of the Horn of Africa (circa 5,000 to 2,000 years BCE). During the course of the survey, the excavation team discovered the Laas Geel cave paintings, that encompass an area of ten rock alcoves (caves). In an excellent state of preservation, the rock art depicts wild animals and decorated cattle (cows and bulls). They also feature herders, who are believed to be the creators of the paintings. Laas Geel's rock art is executed in the same distinctive proto-Somali style as the Dhambalin and Karinhegane cave paintings that are also situated in Somalia.
Although the Laas Geel rock art had been known to the area's inhabitants for centuries, its existence only came to international attention after the 2002 discovery. In November 2003, a mission returned to Laas Geel and a team of experts undertook a detailed study of the paintings in their prehistoric context.
Somaliland in general, is home to numerous such archaeological sites and megalithic structures, with similar rock art found at Haadh, Gudmo Biyo Cas, Dhambalin, Dhagah Maroodi and numerous other sites, while ancient edifices are, among others, found at Sheikh, Aynabo, Aw-Barkhadle, Ancient Amud, Heis, Maydh, Haylan, Qa’ableh, Qombo'ul and El Ayo. However, many of these old structures have yet to be properly explored, a process which would help shed further light on local history and facilitate their preservation for posterity.
Description
The Laas Geel cave paintings are thought to be some of the most vivid rock art in Africa. Among other things, they depict cattle in ceremonial robes accompanied by humans, who are believed to have been inhabitants of the region. The necks of the cattle are embellished with a kind of plastron. Some of the cattle are also portrayed wearing decorative robes. Besides long-horned cattle, the rock art also shows an image of a domesticated dog, several paintings of Canidae as well as a giraffe. The site is excellently preserved due to the location of the paintings which are covered by the granite overhangs.
Gallery
The word laas geel consist of two words according to Somali languages which is laas and geel, the word laas means well and the word geel means camel in Somali. Well refers to a source of water which camels and other livestock drink from as well as the people.
See also
Caves in Somalia
Dhambalin
Dhaymoole
History of Somalia
References
External links
CyArk - Rock Art Sites of Somalia
Archaeological sites in Somaliland
Caves of Somaliland
Rock art in Africa
Prehistoric Africa |
The East Lancashire Railway operated from 1844 to 1859 in the historic county of Lancashire, England. It began as a railway from Clifton via Bury to Rawtenstall, and during its short life grew into a complex network of lines connecting towns and cities including Liverpool, Manchester, Salford, Preston, Burnley and Blackburn.
During a period of rapid growth the company acquired several of its competitors, including the Blackburn and Preston Railway, which it purchased to gain access to Preston. It faced competition from companies such as the North Union Railway, and was involved in a notable stand-off in 1849 with the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway. Following several years of discussions, the East Lancashire Railway was in 1859 amalgamated with the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway. Parts of the network remain in use today, and a section of the original line between Bury and Rawtenstall is now operated as a heritage railway.
History
Manchester and Bolton Railway
In 1830, the Manchester Bolton & Bury Canal Company began to promote the construction of a railway along the line of their canal from Salford, to Bolton and Bury. Following an act of parliament to enable them to become a railway company, they built their line from Manchester to Bolton, although on a slightly different alignment than was first planned. This was mainly to preserve the canal for the use of mine traffic, which would not have been provided for if the canal had been infilled and replaced by a railway. A new Act had been required for the new alignment, but due mainly to the objections of the company's engineer, the connection to Bury was never built, as it would have required a tunnel on a gradient of 1 in 100, at the time a difficult and expensive proposition. The new railway therefore became known as the Manchester and Bolton Railway.
Manchester, Bury and Rossendale Railway
On 14 September 1843, a group of local businessmen including John Grundy, Thomas Wrigley and John Robinson Kay met at a public house in Bury to discuss the creation of a railway connection for the Bury and the Rossendale districts. Their proposed railway offered better facilities than those also proposed by the Manchester and Leeds Railway (M&LR), whose planned connection at Bury would be made with their Heywood branch line from Castleton. The Manchester, Bury and Rossendale Railway Company (MB&RR) was thus created, its purpose to build a railway from Bury to Clifton, where it would connect to the Manchester and Bolton Railway. The company also promoted the idea of extending the line northwards to Rawtenstall. On 4 July 1844 their private bill was granted Royal Assent. The Act authorised the company to raise £300,000, and also to borrow £100,000 (£ and £ respectively in ).
The land between Clifton and Bury, partly owned by the Earl of Derby, John Robinson Kay, William Grant and others, was mostly "waste, woodland, pasture or reservoirs, except at Brookbottoms where arable land was avoided by the tunnel". Strong financial support was offered to the MB&RR by local businesses, who were unhappy with the idea of the M&LR building their own railway. The Manchester and Leeds District Board of Trade produced a report in 1845 which gave their backing to the M&LR and the line was sanctioned in 1846, however the MB&RR project was unaffected by this connection.
Manchester contractors Pauling & Henfry, who tendered £167,529 (£ in ), were in May 1844 awarded two contracts to build the Clifton to Bury and Bury to Rawtenstall sections of the new railway. The work was sub-let to smaller contractors and began quickly; in July 1844 the Manchester Guardian wrote a favourable report on the works. However, a shortage of workers in 1845 (reflecting the amount of railway construction underway at that time) meant that some men were asked to work on Sundays, resulting in some being charged with breaking the Sabbath. Further difficulties prompted the dismissal of the original contractors, their place being taken by John Waring.
The railway ran north from Clifton through a cutting at Outwood. This required the removal of about of earth. It then passed north-east through Radcliffe Bridge and Withins station, and from there into Bury Bolton street station. From Bury, it ran through Summerseat, Ramsbottom, Stubbins and finally to Rawtenstall. The railway climbed a constant gradient, across a mixture of viaducts, tunnels, cuttings and embankments, one of which, the mile–long section from Ramsbottom to Stubbins, was substantial. The extant Clifton Viaduct was built to cross the River Irwell, which flowed below, and also the Manchester Bolton & Bury Canal. Its largest span is wide.
Expansion
By 1844, the Blackburn and Preston Railway (B&PR), who shared a viaduct across the River Ribble with the North Union Railway (NUR), were planning a railway from Blackburn to Farington. Following an 1845 act the B&PR was absorbed by the MB&RR on 3 August 1846. The B&PR's Act of Parliament also allowed for a connection with the proposed Blackburn, Burnley, Accrington and Colne Extension Railway (BBA&CER), which would run from Stubbins Junction to Accrington, providing a direct link between Blackburn and Colne. A second BBA&CER act allowed it to lease or sell itself to the MB&RR, and so in 1845 the two companies joined. The MB&RR later that year changed its name to the East Lancashire Railway (ELR).
The following year, the ELR acquired the Liverpool, Ormskirk and Preston Railway (LO&PR), which gave it direct access to Liverpool Docks. The LO&PR's line would run from a junction with the Liverpool and Bury Railway at Walton-on-the-Hill to a junction with the B&PR. The enabling act also allowed the LO&PR to build further branch lines, and the ELR obtained further acts including one which allowed it to build a connection to Preston. Following the acquisition on 3 August 1846, a disagreement ensued over traffic priorities and arrangements for the ELR at the NUR's station in Preston. The ELR proposed a new station and a separate line with a new crossing of the Ribble, but this proved controversial; Preston Corporation petitioned against the proposed line, producing a series of witnesses who attested to the damage they presumed would be caused by the embankment necessary for the scheme to proceed. Several members of the corporation were also shareholders of the rival Fleetwood, Preston and West Riding Junction Railway, and the petition's proposer was brother-in-law to a director of the rival Manchester and Leeds Railway. In the end the ELR won its bid, but had to landscape its embankment (which later became the dividing line between Avenham and Miller Parks), make an ornamental arch for carriages and pedestrians crossing under the railway, and build a footbridge on the river viaduct.
Meanwhile, the former MB&RR line from Clifton to Rawtenstall was inaugurated on Friday 25 September 1846. Surveyed two days earlier by the Inspector-General of railways, Charles Pasley, who was reportedly satisfied with the project, upwards of 1,000 invitations were delivered to local people, shareholders and other interested parties. They gathered at the new Hunts Bank station in Manchester. Leaving Manchester, the train stopped near Philips Park to collect chairman John Hodges, before continuing to Radcliffe Bridge to collect more passengers. Large crowds were gathered along the course of the railway. In Bury, the train was extended to about 30 carriages and three engines, and more passengers were collected before the train finished its journey in Rawtenstall. Passengers were provided with a large meal in a closed-off section of a power-loom shed owned by John Robinson Kay. They listened to several celebratory speeches, before re-embarking the train to head home. The railway was opened to the general public on the following Monday.
In November 1846 the company submitted proposals for a new line from Buckley Wells (south of Bury) through Whitefield and Prestwich, to a new terminus at Victoria Station. The plan did not progress any further than the initial planning stages; Whitefield and Prestwich eventually got their own railway stations in 1879.
In two years the ELR grew from a company authorised to build of railway into one with the authority to build of railway. In February 1848 with of track open, the company reported for the week ending 5 February 1848 an annual income of £553 18s 8d (£ in ) for passengers and parcels, and £498 10s 4d for freight (£ in ) – almost double the previous year's income. By March 1848 the line between Rawtenstall and Newchurch was complete, followed in June by the Blackburn to Accrington connection (), and, in August, the Stubbins junction to Accrington section. The line was extended east to Burnley () by September 1848, and, in February 1849, from Burnley to Colne, where it made an end-on junction with the Leeds and Bradford Extension Railway, providing the ELR with a connection to Bradford and Leeds.
The LO&PR line to Lostock Hall () was completed on 2 April 1849, and the () extension into Preston station opened on 2 September 1850. The line ran into new platforms built on the east side of the NUR's station, which were managed and staffed by the ELR, and which had their own booking hall and entrance. The new platforms were effectively a separate station.
More lines followed with a connection between Newchurch and Bacup by October 1852, and the Ormskirk to Rainford Skelmersdale Branch in March 1858. A three-mile long line to Tottington opened in 1882 from a junction with the original MB&BR line. It was electrified in 1913 before reverting to steam in 1951. It closed to passengers in 1952 and goods in 1963 and has since been reclaimed as a walkway.
Clifton Junction
In 1846, the Manchester and Bolton Railway (whose line the ELR used to gain access to Manchester) was taken over by the Manchester and Leeds Railway, which, the following year, became part of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (L&YR). The ELR's expansion and the opening of new routes—including an alternative route between Manchester and Leeds—had caused a degree of consternation at the L&YR, but the two companies initially managed to work together successfully.
After about three years a dispute flared up over the collection of tolls for the ELR's use of the line. The ELR had become accustomed to running their trains on to the L&YR line and then later declaring of the number of passengers liable for a toll but, in March 1849, the L&YR insisted that ELR trains stop at Clifton so that passenger numbers and tickets could be checked by their own employees. The ELR accused the L&YR of trying to impede their traffic, particularly as they had recently gained a connection to Bradford, in competition with the L&YR. They stated that the L&YR had access to their accounts, and to the returns made by their staff.
On the morning of 12 March 1849, despite the presence of police from Bury and Pendleton, the L&YR placed a large baulk of timber across the ELR's line at Clifton Junction, effectively blocking it. Employees from both companies arrived at the scene, and a large crowd gathered to watch events unfold. The L&YR also pulled a train past the junction, blocking the up line to the city. Its engine was pointed south-east toward Manchester, available to any ELR passengers who wished to continue their journey. An ELR train arrived from Bury, and stopped. L&YR employees attempted to take tickets from the ELR's passengers, but were refused, as the ELR had already taken tickets at their Ringley Road station. ELR employees then removed the baulk of timber, and in an effort to push the L&YR train out of the way, drove their train forward. The L&YR had anticipated this, and moved another engine (taken from a L&YR train from Manchester) to the front of their Manchester-bound train. The ELR then blocked the L&YR down line with another of their trains, laden with stone, moving it to a position directly abreast of the L&YR train. The line remained completely blocked until about mid-day, with a queue of trains from both companies, and from the Blackburn and Darwen Railway, building up on each side of the blockage. The situation was eventually defused when the L&YR withdrew their train.
The General Manager of the ELR, Richard Hacking, wrote to The Times newspaper expressing his annoyance at the L&YR's tactics. He claimed to have received a letter from the company sent on 9 March 1849 informing him of proposed changes to operational procedures resulting from a near-collision at Clifton Junction. The first change was that ELR trains would at all times give way to L&YR trains on the Manchester and Bolton line; a stop signal was to be placed along the ELR line from the junction, to be activated whenever a L&YR train was in sight. The second change was that "for the safety of the public" all ELR trains would be required to stop before the points at the junction, where all passenger tickets to Manchester would be collected by L&YR employees. A daily return would be required of all passengers and other freight booked from Salford "for the purpose of keeping regularly and balancing punctually the accounts of the two companies". Hacking claimed to have replied stating that the near-collision had occurred because the L&YR's engine driver had ignored a signal at Clifton Junction, and that the ELR would not accept the changes requested by the L&YR. The ELR refused to supply tickets at any point, although they considered it reasonable to supply more information on their traffic using the L&YR line.
Hacking stated that he had received a letter from the L&YR porter at Clifton requesting that all ELR trains stop at Clifton Junction so that tickets could be collected by L&YR staff, and that all ELR goods trains would have to supply invoices at the junction. In his letter he concluded that the purpose of the L&YR's demands was to impede the flow of ELR traffic to Manchester and onwards to Yorkshire.
Hacking's account of the events of 12 March is similar to that reported by The Times. He claims to have travelled to Clifton to witness an L&YR clerk being prevented from collecting tickets, and to have then continued on another train to Manchester. On his arrival there, he saw L&YR employees ready to pull up the rails to the ELR platform, although the rails were left intact. He then mentions returning to Clifton after hearing that L&YR employees had recently left for the station. He blamed the Managing Director of the L&YR, Captain Law, and Mr Blackmore, superintendent of the Bolton line, for ordering the line to be blocked with the baulk of timber. Hacking also mentions an approaching up-train from Bolton, which on encountering the blockage apparently moved across to the down line to bypass it – in the face of oncoming traffic. Expressing his shock, he claims to have ordered the ELR's stone train onto the down line, changing the signals accordingly. Hacking's account ends by claiming that Blackmore ordered the L&YR train to move, effectively resolving the dispute.
The matter was so serious that it was raised in the House of Commons. It was eventually settled in court, with the ELR thereon making a pro rata payment according to the distance travelled on each railway. The court also found in favour of the L&YR who had argued that the original agreement to share the line did not extend to a vastly extended ELR network. The amount of compensation to the L&YR was left at the discretion of both companies.
Relations between the two companies were, therefore, not entirely amicable. In 1853 the ELR made further proposals for a new line from Clifton to Salford, roughly parallel to the L&YR line, however in 1854 an agreement between the two companies meant that the Clifton Junction to Salford line was vested jointly in both companies. Amalgamation had been discussed since the early 1850s and in 1859, by an act of parliament, the ELR was absorbed by the L&YR.
Closure and legacy
Following the Beeching Axe parts of the ELR's network were closed. The original MB&RR line between Clifton Junction and Bury closed in 1966 (although Radcliffe Bridge station was closed in 1958), but the line between Bury and Rawtenstall continued to serve passengers until 1972 and freight until 1980. This section is now used by the East Lancashire Railway, a modern heritage railway opened in 1987. The trackbed between Clifton and Radcliffe now forms a part of the Irwell Sculpture Trail. The connection from Stubbins to Accrington was closed in 1966. The ELR line across the Ribble between Preston and Bamber Bridge was closed to passengers in 1968, and to goods four years later. The East Lancashire platforms 10–13 were demolished along with Butler Street Goods Yard. The line between Preston and Colne survives as the East Lancashire Line, operated by Northern. The Skelmersdale Branch was closed to passengers in 1956 and to all traffic seven years later, however a proposal exists to reopen the line as far as Skelmersdale. Services between Liverpool and Ormskirk are now operated by Merseyrail.
Locomotives
The ELR used a range of locomotives. One of its earliest orders was for twelve Long Boiler 2-2-2s from Fenton, Craven and Company (at least one of these was used on the inauguration of the railway), but dissatisfied with the locomotives they accepted only four,. Four were diverted to the Leeds, Dewsbury and Manchester Railway, and two to the Eastern Counties Railway. In 1848, the ELR's four 2-2-2s were rebuilt as 2-4-0s by R and W Hawthorn. In about 1858, they were again rebuilt as 0-6-0s by Sylvester Lees. Richard Walker, a director of the ELR between 1838 and 1854, was the supplier of about twenty locomotives to the company, including, in the 1850s, four 2-4-0s and several 0-6-0s.
Walker, Richard & Brother supplied four 2-2-2 locomotives, Medusa, Hecate, Diomed and Lynx. All were later rebuilt as a 2-4-0 tank engine. In 1847, two 0-4-2s were supplied by R and W Hawthorn, rebuilt in 1868 as 2-4-0s. In 1845 the MB&RR ordered four 0-6-0s from the Haigh Foundry, and a fifth engine from Fenton, Craven and Company. Another engine was built by Haigh in 1848.
The largest ELR class was a series of outside-frame 2-4-0s with cylinders and driving wheels. Some may have originated as 2-2-2s, and some were later rebuilt as 2-4-0 tank engines. One was rebuilt as a 2-4-0 saddle tank engine. These were among the last locomotives to be built in Bury. Other manufacturers to supply the ELR were Sharp, Roberts and Company, Stothert, Slaughter and Company, and Beyer, Peacock and Company. The ELR livery for passenger locomotives was dark green with red brown frames, and polished domes and safety valves.
In 1857 (two years prior to the amalgamation with the LYR), the ELR had 32 passenger locomotives and 31 goods. They were numbered 1–63, and all were named. For a few years after the two railways amlgamated in 1859, the LYR maintained a distinct number list for locomotives of what became the East Lancashire section (EL section): new LYR locomotives intended for use on the EL section were given numbers in that section's list, instead of the main LYR list, and those built up to mid 1872 were also named. The EL section locomotive list eventually reached 142, and in March 1875, they had their numbers increased by 600, becoming LYR nos. 601–742.
The ELR locomotive works was at Bury, and the locomotive superintendent there was Sylvester Lees. He was appointed in 1846, and following the 1859 amalgamation continued in office until his death on 22 March 1865. To succeed Lees at Bury, the LYR appointed John Jacques and Henry Critchley as outdoor and indoor locomotive superintendent respectively: both took up their duties on 24 April 1865. Critchley died in September 1867 and was succeeded by William Hurst on 18 September 1867. When Hurst was transferred to Miles Platting locomotive works in January 1868 (as outdoor locomotive superintendent alongside William Yates, indoor superintendent), R. Mason was appointed to take his place at Bury. He in turn died on 15 October 1873, and was replaced by George Roberts. Having four locomotive superintendents (two at Miles Platting and two at Bury) was causing difficulties for the LYR as a whole, and on 1 November 1875, William Barton Wright was appointed chief locomotive superintendent for the LYR, combining the outdoor and indoor roles of both works. The following day, Jacques and Roberts (together with Yates and Hurst) were told that they would now report to Barton Wright. Jacques was given the opportunity to resign with six months salary, whilst Roberts became works manager at Bury. He remained in this post until the closure of Bury works in 1888, following the transfer of locomotive maintenance to the new Horwich Works.
Like many of its contemporaries, the ELR obtained its locomotives from various private manufacturers. Chief amongst these were the firms of Richard Walker and Brothers of Bury, who supplied 24 locomotives between 1846 and 1854, and Sharp Brothers of Manchester, who supplied 16 between 1846 and 1850. In 1846 the LYR had begun constructing a proportion of its locomotives in its own workshops (one of the first railways to do so) at Miles Platting, and after the 1859 amalgamation supplied a number of these to the EL section.
Bury works did not build new locomotives until 1862, and between then and 1877, approximately sixteen new locomotives were built there, although at least one incorporated parts from an older locomotive. All of them were of the 2-4-0 wheel arrangement, some being tank engines: several 2-4-0 locomotives were altered from tender to tank, or vice versa. Most had outside frames and were continuations of an ELR design dating back to 1848, but four built in 1873 had inside frames and were similar to 2-4-0s to the design of Yates that were being built at Miles Platting at the same time.
Infrastructure
Station buildings
Station buildings generally followed one of three designs. The principal stations at Bury and Accrington were based on the same design by a Manchester-based firm of architects. Most of the other stations were designed by the company's resident engineer. They were stone-built and consisted of a station master's room, adjoining a seated waiting area, a ladies waiting room and the booking office. The third and cheapest design followed the standard design but utilised brick and timber as materials. The platform was normally roofed.
Signals
Track signals were based on two designs—station signals on posts, each post with two moveable arms—and portable signals; flags were used by day, and coloured lanterns at night. The signals on posts were patented semaphore designs from J Stevens & Son. Each post had two arms—linked by chain to a foot control at the base—which were used to alert drivers on both the up and down lines. Each foot control was held in place by a hook on the post. An arm set at an angle would indicate that the train should approach slowly, before stopping at the station. The same arm set vertically (and out of sight) would indicate that the train could pass through without stopping. The posts were also illuminated to allow use at night. Signals at Accrington station were more complex, linked to the station building with wires, and by default set at 'stop' when released. The coloured lanterns used as portable signals were painted red on one side (stop), green on another (go slowly), and clear on the third (proceed).
Rails
The line was standard gauge and most sections used rails in lengths, each weighing 75 lb/yard (31.1 kg/m), fixed to wooden sleepers long and apart.
Accidents
In the early history of the railways accidents were not uncommon, and the ELR was no exception. Several incidents were reported in The Times. During Whitsuntide 1849, a passenger train was in a rear-end collision with an excursion train near Burnley, Lancashire. Despite efforts to protect the rear of the passenger train, another excursion train was in a rear-end collision with it. In January 1850, three people died when a luggage train ran into a passenger train at Maghull railway station. A serious accident occurred at Clifton Junction on 19 October 1851 when a passenger train derailed passing the points on the junction, injuring several passengers, some seriously. In September 1866 a man died after jumping from the train from Blackburn. A non-fatal collision occurred at Lostock Hall railway station in November 1876.
Inclement weather was also a problem; in January 1867 trains were delayed for several hours at due to snow on the line, and on 30 January 1877 a heavy storm blew the roof completely away from Preston railway station.
References
Notes
Bibliography
External links
The Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway Society
The Battle of Clifton Junction
Early British railway companies
Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway
Irwell Valley
Historic transport in Lancashire
Rail transport in Lancashire
Closed railway lines in North West England
Railway companies established in 1845
Railway companies disestablished in 1859
1844 establishments in England
British companies established in 1845
1859 disestablishments in England
British companies disestablished in 1859 |
Iceland competed at the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Competitors
The following is the list of number of competitors in the Games.
Alpine skiing
Cross-country skiing
References
Official Olympic Reports
Olympic Winter Games 1988, full results by sports-reference.com
Nations at the 1988 Winter Olympics
1988
Winter Olympics |
J. C. U. Niedermann (born 1810) was an America brickmaker who served one year as a National Union Party member of the Wisconsin State Assembly from the 5th Milwaukee County assembly district (the 5th Ward of the city of Milwaukee, Wisconsin) in 1864, succeeding Democrat Peter V. Deuster. He also served as a constable, and on the Milwaukee Common Council and the Milwaukee County board of supervisors at various times in the late 1850s and early 1860s.
He was born in Germany. At the time of his election he was 54 years old and had been in Wisconsin for 28 years. He was assigned to the standing committee on contingent expenditures. In 1865 he was succeeded by Democrat Jared Thompson Jr.
References
1810 births
Year of death missing
Emigrants from the German Confederation to the United States
Politicians from Milwaukee
Wisconsin city council members
County supervisors in Wisconsin
Constables
Republican Party members of the Wisconsin State Assembly |
Jumong () is an epic South Korean historical series that aired on MBC from 2006 to 2007 as the network's 45th anniversary special. Originally scheduled for 60 episodes, MBC extended it to 81 because of its popularity.
The series examines the life of King Dongmyeong, founder of the kingdom of Goguryeo. The fantastic elements surrounding the original Jumong legend (such as those concerning his birth) have been replaced with events more grounded in reality. Jumong is considered part of the Korean Wave (Hallyu), with viewer ratings in Iran exceeding 80 percent.
Plot
Following the conquest of Gojoseon by Han China in 108 BCE, the surviving tribes and city-states of Manchuria and the northern Korean Peninsula are harshly subjugated as tributaries to the Han, who are portrayed as ruling with an iron fist from the Four Commanderies. Haemosu, the leader of the local resistance in the form of the Damul Army, covertly teams up with Prince Geumwa of Buyeo to defend and rescue Gojoseon refugees throughout the land. After being injured in a battle, Haemosu is rescued by Lady Yuhwa of the Habaek tribe (to whom Geumwa has taken a fancy), and they fall in love. Haemosu is subsequently ambushed and captured by Han forces (and after falling off a cliff is presumed dead by the outside world), and Lady Yuhwa is forced to seek shelter in Buyeo, where she becomes Geumwa's concubine and gives birth to a son, Jumong. They maintain that Geumwa is Jumong's father, when in fact Haemosu is his father.
Twenty years later, the young Jumong is a weak and cowardly prince overshadowed and scorned by his elder "half-brothers" Daeso and Youngpo, who are vying for inheritance of the Buyeo throne from their father (the now-King Geumwa). Because they believe Jumong is Geumwa's son, they assume that he has a justifiable claim to the throne, and their mother's hatred of Lady Yuhwa reinforces a feud between the half-brothers who aren't really brothers at all. This culminates in an assassination attempt by his brothers, setting in motion a sequence of events that leads to Jumong leaving the palace and, by a twist of fate, encounters his father, the now-elderly and blind Haemosu. Jumong becomes skilled in combat under Haemosu's covert tutelage, but is unaware of their father-son relationship. At the same time, Jumong forms a close relationship with Lady Soseono of the Gyeru trading clan of Jolbon. Following Haemosu's assassination by Daeso and Youngpo, Jumong learns the truth and vows to avenge his father and drive out the Han. He returns to Geumwa and leads the Buyeo army in a campaign against the Lintun and Zhenfan Commanderies, but is reported missing in action and presumed dead following an injury in battle. Subsequently, Daeso seizes power in Buyeo by colluding with Xuantu Commandery and forces Soseono to be his wife. In desperation, Soseono weds her trading partner Wootae (not knowing Jumong is still alive). Jumong, however, is rescued by the Hanbaek tribe and nursed back to health by Lady Yesoya, whom he weds. They return to Buyeo and Jumong feigns servitude to Daeso, thereby earning his trust. With Daeso's guard down, Jumong and his men manage to intercept and lead a large group of Gojoseon refugees into the wilds of Mount Bongye, where they establish a fortress and re-form the Damul Army, against Daeso's wishes, who holds Lady Yuhwa and a pregnant Yesoya hostage in the palace. After a solar eclipse, Geumwa regains the power with the help of the Prime Minister. He tries to convince Jumong to come back to palace and disband the Damul Army as part of the conditions given by the Prime minister in exchange for his reinstatement. Jumong refuses the offer and the Prime Minister tries to eliminate him and his men.
Over the next three years, the Damul Army grows and begins uniting various local tribes, to the discomfort of Buyeo and Han. Following Wootae's death in battle, Jumong and Soseono form an alliance and unite the five clans of Jolbon and the Damul Army into a single powerful entity, which succeeds in conquering the Xuantu Commandery and establishing the Kingdom of Goguryeo. When Yesoya and Yuri are reported missing from Buyeo (and presumed dead), a grieving Jumong weds Soseono and they become King and Queen of the new nation.
After ruling Goguryeo for fifteen years, Jumong succeeds in reuniting with Yesoya and Yuri (who had been living in exile after escaping from the palace). Following Geumwa's assassination by Han mercenaries, the newly-crowned King Daeso forms an alliance with Jumong, and the combined armies of Goguryeo and Buyeo succeed in conquering Liaodong Commandery with utter annihilation of the Han army in Manchuria. With Jumong's lifelong mission finally complete and in order to prevent internal strife due to Yuri's return, Soseono departs from Goguryeo and heads south with the pro-Jolbon faction and her teenage sons Biryu and Onjo, who subsequently becomes the founder of the Kingdom of Baekje on the Korean Peninsula. Buyeo eventually collapses following the battlefield death of Daeso at the hands of Jumong's grandson Muhyul. Jumong continues battling against Han China to consolidate his realm, and dies at the age of 40 after passing the crown of Goguryeo to Yuri.
Cast
Song Il-kook as Jumong
Han Hye-jin as Soseono
Kim Seung-soo as Prince Daeso
Jun Kwang-ryul as King Geumwa
Oh Yeon-soo as Lady Yuhwa
Kyeon Mi-ri as Queen Wonhu
Song Ji-hyo as Ye So-ya
Park Tam-hee as Yang Seo-ran
Ahn Yong-joon as Yuri
Jung Yoon-seok as young Yuri
Kim Byung-ki as Yeon Ta-bal
Jin Hee-kyung as High Priestess Yeo Mi-eul
Lee Jae-yong as Prime Minister Bu Deuk-bul
Huh Joon-ho as Hae Mosu
Won Ki-joon as Prince Youngpo
Bae Soo-bin as Sa-yong
Kang Eun-tak as Chan-soo
Im So-yeong as Bu-young
Yoon Dong-hwan as Yang-jung
Oh Uk-chul as Lord Hwang
Yeo Ho-min as General Oi
Ahn Jeong-hoon as Ma-ri
Im Dae-ho as Hyeop-bo
Lee Kye-in as Mo Pal-mo
Seo Beom-sik as Moo-gol
Kim Min-chan as Mook-geo
Cha Kwang-soo as Jae-sa
Park Kyung-hwan as Bu Beon-no
Park Nam-hyeon as Na-ru
Jeong Ho-bin as Wutae
Lee Jae-suk as Biryu
Kim Seok as Onjo
Lee Won-jae as Do-chi
Kwon Yong-woon as Moo-song
Oh Ji-young as Jong-go
Jo Myung-jin as Mu-duk
Lee Seung-ah as Chun-rang
Han Hee-jin as In-rang
Kim Nan-hee as Ji-rang
Min Ji-young as courtesan
Kim Ho-young as Ma-ga
Kim Won-suk as Song-joo
Son Ho-kyoon as Heuk-chi
No Hee-ji as So-ryeong
Jeong Han-heon as Kye-pil
Jang Hyo-jin as Baek Sun-in
Hwang Bum-sik as Jin-yong
Park Jong-kwan as Song-yang
Bae Do-hwan as Tae Ma-jin
Baek Na-young as Yeon Chae-ryeong
Kim Jin-ho as Yang-tak
Ha Yong-jin as Dong-sun
Yoon Seo-hyun as Han-dang
Lee Hwan as Sang-chun
Han Kyung-sun as court lady
Yoo Hee-jung as court lady
Song Gui-hun as Bul-gae
Kwon Eun-ha as Mauryeong
Kang Moon-hee as Hyun-moo
Dan So-young as Yoo-sung
Jeon Ha-eun as Byeo Ri-ha
Lee Sung as Hae Byeol-chan
Hong Soon-chang as Jin Joong-moon
Lee Chang-hwan as head of a tribe
Park Geun-hyung as King Hae Buru
Shin Joon-young as Bae-mang
Han In-su as head of a tribe
Kim Yong-hee as Sul-tak
Oh Seung-yun as Chun-doong
Son Sun-geun as Man-ho
Lee Won-yong as fortune-teller
Moon Hee-won as former Governor-general
Yun Yong-hyeon as Boo Wiyeom
Jang Hee-woong as Ha Hoo-chun
Samuel Kang as warrior
Production
Jumong was filmed on location at Yongin Daejanggeum Park in Cheoin District, Yongin, Gyeonggi Province, where other period dramas (such as Dong Yi, Moon Embracing the Sun and Queen Seondeok) were also filmed.
Ratings
Jumong received the highest viewership ratings of all the Korean dramas that aired in 2006.
Awards and nominations
International broadcast
Broadcast rights for Jumong were sold to Iran (Channel 3), Turkey,
Republic of moldova ( TV8)Romania (TVR1), Kazakhstan, Georgia (Imedi TV), Armenia, Japan (Fuji TV), Mongolia, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Vietnam (VTV1), Singapore (Mediacorp Channel U), Indonesia, Thailand (Channel 3), Malaysia, Brunei, Philippines (GMA Network), Fiji (Fiji One), Iraqi Kurdistan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Cambodia (Cambodian Television Network), United States (AZN Television), Myanmar (Myawaddy TV & MRTV-4), and Sri Lanka (Sri Lanka Rupavahini Corporation).
According to Reuters the most popular episodes of Jumong attracted over 90% of Iranian audience (compared to 40% in South Korea), propelling its lead actor Song Il-gook to superstar status in Iran.
Hong Kong broadcast controversy
Asia Television bought the Hong Kong broadcast rights; however, controversy surrounding its translation escalated debate about ATV's editorial independence in news and drama. The controversy primarily surrounded the cutting of certain segments, the alternative translation of place names and the alternative of a character's occupation. The changing of the word "nation" (in reference to Goguryeo) to "tribe" and the translation of the Han Dynasty as the "heavenly dynasty" has generated controversy about the station's editorial independence. This is related to controversies involving the governments of China and South Korea over the version of history of Goguryeo.
References
External links
Jumong official MBC website
Jumong at MBC Global Media
MBC TV television dramas
2006 South Korean television series debuts
2007 South Korean television series endings
Korean-language television shows
Television series set in Goguryeo
South Korean historical television series
South Korean action television series
Television series by Chorokbaem Media
Television shows written by Choi Wan-kyu
Censorship in Hong Kong
Television controversies in China |
The Liberal Democracy period in Indonesia (), also known as the Era of Parliamentary Democracy, was a period in Indonesian political history, when the country was under a liberal democratic system. During this period, Indonesia held its first and only free and fair legislative election until 1999, but also saw continual political instability. The period began on 17 August 1950 following the dissolution of the federal United States of Indonesia, less than a year after its formation, and ended with the imposition of martial law and President Sukarno's decree, which resulted in the introduction of the Guided Democracy period on 5 July 1959.
On August 17, 1950, the Republic of the United States of Indonesia (RIS), which was a state created as a result of the Round Table Conference and the recognition of Indonesian sovereignty by the Netherlands, was officially dissolved. The system of government was also changed to a parliamentary democracy based on the Provisional Constitution of 1950.
The period of liberal democracy was marked by the growth of political parties and the enactment of a parliamentary system of government, but also by a long period of political instability, with governments falling one after another. The 1955 legislative elections saw the first free and fair elections in Indonesian history, as well as the only free and fair election until the 1999 legislative elections, which were held at the end of the New Order regime.
History
Founding
Following more than 4 years of brutal fighting and violence, the Indonesian National Revolution was over, with the Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference resulting in the transference of sovereignty to the United States of Indonesia (RIS). However, the RIS government lacked cohesion inside and was opposed by many republicans. These factors among many others, resulted in the dissolution of all the constituents of the RIS, which were later merged again as part of the unitary Republic of Indonesia by 17 August 1950, the fifth anniversary of the Declaration of Independence.
However, divisions in Indonesian society began to appear. Regional differences in customs, morals, tradition, religion, the impact of Christianity and Marxism, and fears of Javanese political domination, all contributed to disunity. The new country was typified by poverty, low educational levels, and authoritarian traditions. Various separatist movements also arose to oppose the new Republic: the militant Darul Islam ('Islamic Domain') proclaimed an "Islamic State of Indonesia" and waged a guerrilla struggle against the Republic in West Java from 1948 to 1962; in Maluku, Ambonese, formerly of the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army, proclaimed an independent Republic of South Maluku; Permesta and PRRI rebels fought the Central government in Sulawesi and West Sumatra between 1955 and 1961.
The economy was in a disastrous state following three years of Japanese occupation and the following four years of war against the Dutch. In the hands of a young and inexperienced government, the economy was unable to boost production of food and other necessities to keep pace with the rapidly increasing population. Most of the population were illiterate, unskilled, and suffered from a dearth of management skills. Inflation was rampant, smuggling cost the central government much needed foreign exchange, and many of the plantations had been destroyed during the occupation and war.
Natsir Cabinet
The first cabinet of the new nation was the Natsir Cabinet. It was formed by Prime Minister Mohammad Natsir with the backing of the Masyumi and the Indonesian Socialist Party (PSI), following a failed attempt at a coalition between the Masyumi and the Indonesian National Party (PNI). During this cabinet period, there were rebellions in almost all parts of Indonesia, problems in national security, such as the Darul Islam rebellion, Makassar Uprising, APRA coup d'état, and the Republic of South Maluku independence movement. Negotiations on the West Irian issue were also held during this cabinet, though these only resulted in a stalemate. On 22 January 1951, the parliament passed a vote of no confidence, resulting in Prime Minister Natsir returning his mandate to the president on 21 March 1951.
Soekiman Cabinet
Following the resignation of the Natsir Cabinet, attempts were made by political leaders, such as Sartono, to form a coalition government between Masyumi and the PNI. However, this proved to be difficult, as disagreements arose, including over the turnover tax, the regional councils, the West Irian issue, and seat distribution in such a cabinet. Eventually, an agreement was reached, with Soekiman Wirjosandjojo serving as Prime Minister. Notably, no one from the PSI and the Natsir faction of the Masyumi was a part of the cabinet.
The Soekiman cabinet was notable for its poor relations with the army and its suppression of the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI), following a series of militant strikes between June and August 1951. The first (and only) crackdown against the communists in Indonesia up until the events of the 30 September Movement. The Soekiman cabinet would eventually fall due to a foreign policy crisis, which committed Indonesia to the 'free world.' Resulting in the resignation of Foreign Minister Achmad Soebardjo and the fall of the whole cabinet in February 1952.
Wilopo Cabinet
After the fall of the Soekiman cabinet, another Masyumi-PNI cabinet followed, this time, it was led by the PNI, under Prime Minister Wilopo. During the Wilopo cabinet, a major political realignment occurred. The PNI was growing suspicious of the Masyumi and was looking to postpone elections, fearing it might be won overwhelmingly by the Masyumi. This coincided with the PKI's new national united front strategy, which saw the party offer its support to the PNI, and didn't denounce the current cabinet, as it had done with the Soekiman cabinet. Meanwhile, the Masyumi was experiencing a split, as the Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) formed their own party, following doctrinal disputes.
Under the Wilopo cabinet, economic conditions began to worsen, as the economic boom that occurred during the Korean War was over. Prices of exports began to fall, notably rubber, which fell by 71%. This led to the cabinet cutting expenditures, including the budget of the army. However, the Wilopo Cabinet's proposals were unpopular with the army. The Army's high command came into dispute with the parliament in what it saw as excessive civilian meddling within military affairs. After a dismissal of a pro-government officer in July 1952, the parliament began demanding a significant restructuring of armed forces leadership, and after three months tensions culminated in thousands of demonstrators mobilized by the army in Jakarta.
President Sukarno managed to temper the demonstrators and assure the army officers, but refused to concede to any demands. Soon after the incident, a significant proportion of the army's high command was replaced. In March 1953, the cabinet fell, after what is now called the “Tanjung Morawa affair.” Where police killed five peasants near Medan while removing squatters from foreign-owned estate lands. Before a vote of no confidence could be taken in parliament, the cabinet returned its mandate to Sukarno on 16 March 1953.
Sastroamidjojo Cabinet I
After over six weeks of bargaining and five attempts at various party combinations, a new cabinet led by the PNI, with support by the NU, was formed with Ali Sastroamidjojo serving as Prime Minister. This time, the Masyumi was excluded, along with the PSI. Under the Ali Sastroamidjojo's first cabinet, the bureaucracy was expanded with more PNI officials, the economy was under a period of Indonesianization, with the government encouraging indigenous businessmen to open new firms. In practice, however, many new firms were bogus fronts for arrangements between government supporters and Chinese, which became known as "Ali Baba firms," in which an Indonesian (‘Ali’) was front man for a Chinese (‘Baba’) entrepreneur.
In April 1955, the Bandung conference was held, and it represented a triumph for the Ali Sastroamidjojo government. Around 29 states, attended the conference. Those present included Zhou Enlai, Jawaharlal Nehru, Phạm Văn Đồng, Mohammad Ali Bogra and Gammal Abdel Nasser. Ali Sastroamidjojo also continued the duties of the previous cabinet to carry out elections. On 31 May 1954, the Central and Regional Election Committees were formed. The plan at that time was that elections for the legislative branch would be held on September 29 and for the Constitutional Assembly would be held on December 15. However, again as experienced by the Wilopo Cabinet, the Ali Sastroamidjojo Cabinet dissolved in July 1955 and was replaced by the Burhanuddin Harahap Cabinet the following month, after a deteriorating economy, which resulted in the NU withdrawing, and the collapse of the cabinet.
Burhanuddin Harahap Cabinet
Following the dissolution of the First Ali Sastroamidjojo cabinet, vice president Mohammad Hatta announced the names of three candidates for the new cabinet formation, namely Wilopo, Soekiman, and Assaat. However, these three candidates agreed to choose Hatta as Prime Minister and Minister of Defense. However, because Hatta was still serving as vice president, Hatta appointed Burhanuddin Harahap to form a cabinet. Burhanuddin Harahap's cabinet consisted of a coalition of thirteen different parties, though in practice the cabinet was dominated by the Masyumi, with other parties only being added as complementary. The PNI did not sit in this cabinet, but the PNI together with the Great Indonesia Party (PIR) led by Wongsonegoro, the PKI, led by D. N. Aidit, and other parties formed and acted as the opposition. The army was not entirely pleased with the newly formed cabinet, since it believed many of the new cabinet members to be as corrupt as their predecessors. But it was pleased at the opportunity to arrest several PNI figures for corruption.
Under the cabinet, the long-awaited 1955 legislative and constitutional assembly elections took place. Rather than resolving political issues, the elections merely helped to draw the battle-lines more precisely. Under Burhanuddin Harahap, harmonization between the government and the army began, as well as the termination of the Netherlands-Indonesia Union, as a form of protest over the West Irian issue. The cabinet resigned in early March.
Sastroamidjojo Cabinet II
The next cabinet was again led by Ali Sastroamidjojo, who became Prime Minister again. Unlike the other cabinets, this cabinet was the only cabinet that governed through elections during the era of Liberal Democracy. The cabinet was notable for the fact that 17 of the 24 new ministers were without previous cabinet experience. Under the cabinet, the Round Table Conference (KMB) was cancelled unilaterally, both formally and materially, cooperation continued with Asian-African countries, the decisions of the Asian-African Conference in Bandung were implemented, and domestic reforms were enacted. After a year, the cabinet had to return their mandate to the President, following a split between the PNI and Masyumi parties.
Djuanda Cabinet
Following the fall of the Second Ali Sastroamidjojo cabinet, president Sukarno expressed his desire for a gotong royong (mutual assistance) cabinet, in which all of the four major parties, including the PKI would work together for the national interest. However, following vociferous opposition from the other parties and the Army, Sukarno was forced to back down. On 15 March, he asked PNI chairman, and former Mayor of Jakarta Suwiryo to form a cabinet, but he failed, with the result that Sukarno himself called a meeting on 14 April of party leaders and military officers, at which they were all asked if they were prepared to join the cabinet. The Masyumi, most of whose members refused to serve in the cabinet, accused Sukarno of acting illegally, but to no avail. The party later expelled its two members who joined the cabinet. Sukarno appointed cabinet veteran Djuanda Kartawidjaja to head a cabinet made up of qualified individuals who did not represent any parties. The cabinet was announced on 8 April and appointed by Sukarno the following day at the Merdeka Palace.
Unlike other cabinets, this cabinet was the only cabinet in power through a mandate given directly by the president. This cabinet was forced to resign because of changes in the political system made by President Sukarno through the Presidential Decree of July 5, 1959.
Disestablishment
Even as early as 1956, president Sukarno was openly criticizing the parliamentary democracy, stating that it was 'based upon inherent conflict' that ran counter to the Indonesian concept of harmony as the natural state of human relationships. Instead, he sought a system based on the traditional village system of discussion and consensus, which occurred under the guidance of village elders. He proposed a threefold blend of nasionalisme ('nationalism'), agama ('religion'), and komunisme ('communism') into a co-operative 'Nasakom' government. This was intended to appease the three main factions in Indonesian politics – the army, Islamic groups, and the communists.
With the support of the military, he proclaimed in February 1957, 'Guided Democracy', and proposed a cabinet of representing all the political parties of importance (including the PKI). This shift into a more authoritarian form of democracy culminated on 5 July 1959. Sukarno issued a Presidential Decree of July 5, 1959, which among other things contained the dissolution of the Constituent Assembly and the replacement of the constitution from the 1950 Constitution to the 1945 Constitution again. This event marked the end of Parliamentary Democracy and the beginning of the Guided Democracy Era. The government then formed Provisional People's Consultative Assembly (MPRS) institutions in a guided democracy that implemented a political system of balance.
Government and politics
Constitution
The Provisional Constitution of 1950 differed markedly from the 1945 Constitution in many ways; it mandated a parliamentary system of government, and stipulated at length constitutional guarantees for human rights, drawing heavily on the 1948 UN's Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It was abrogated on 9 July 1959 when President Sukarno issued a decree dissolving the Constitutional Assembly and restoring the 1945 Constitution of Indonesia.
Prime Minister
The position of Prime Minister of Indonesia (Indonesian: Perdana Menteri Republik Indonesia) was the main head of government of Indonesia during the Liberal Democracy Era, with the president officially only acting as a figurehead. During this period, the prime minister was in charge of the Cabinet of Indonesia, one of the three branches of government along with the Provisional People's Representative Council and the president. Under the constitution of the unitary state, the cabinet was once again responsible to parliament, with the prime minister appointed by the president. Due to the instability of the coalition cabinets, prime ministers often faced votes of no confidence. Every major policy change had a chance to be opposed, either by the government or opposition. As such, some cabinets lasted only a few months.
Political parties
Throughout the Liberal Democracy era, a large number of political parties existed within Indonesia. The main four were the Indonesian National Party (PNI), the Masyumi Party, the Nahdlatul Ulama, and the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI). Other smaller parties existed, including the Christian Party, Catholic Party, and Socialist Party. The large numbers of parties resulted in a proliferation of political parties and the deals brokered between them for shares of cabinets seats resulted in rapid turnover coalition governments including 17 cabinets between 1945 and 1958.
Timeline of events
1948–62: Darul Islam rebellions begin in West Java, spread to other provinces but conclude with the execution of its leader Kartosoewiryo.
1952, 17 October: General Nasution is suspended as army chief of staff following army indiscipline over command and support that threatens the government.
1955, April: The city of Bandung hosts the Bandung Conference. The meeting, which was an important step toward the Non-Aligned Movement, was attended by world leaders including Zhou Enlai of China, Jawaharlal Nehru of India, Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt and Josip Broz Tito of Yugoslavia.
1955, September: Indonesia holds general parliamentary elections; the last free national elections until 1999; support for the parties is widely distributed with four parties each gaining 16–22 per cent and the remaining votes split between 24 parties.
1958, 18 May: US Air Force pilot Allen Lawrence Pope is shot down over Ambon, revealing covert American support of regional rebellions, and ends the Dulles brothers', Allen and John, failure to subvert the Sukarno government. Pope sunk the Indonesian Navy vessel, the KRI Hang Toeah, and heavily damaged its sister, the KRI Sawega. Bailed out and captured by Indonesian armed forces on board the KRI Pulau Rengat.
1950s/60s: The military articulate the doctrines of dwifungsi and hankamrata: i.e. a military roles in the country's socio-political development as well as security; and a requirement that the resources of the people be at the call of the armed forces.
1959, 5 July: With armed forces support, Sukarno issues a decree dissolving the Constituent Assembly and reintroducing the Constitution of 1945 with strong presidential powers, and assumes the additional role of Prime Minister, which completes the structure of 'Guided Democracy'.
See also
History of Indonesia
Prime Minister of Indonesia
Cabinets of Indonesia
References
Citations
Bibliography
Sukarno |
The Autostrade (; singular ) are roads forming the Italian national system of motorways. The total length of the system is about , as of 30 July 2022. In North and Central Italy, the Autostrade mainly consists of tollways managed by Autostrade per l'Italia, a holding company controlled by Cassa Depositi e Prestiti. Other operators include ASTM, ATP, and Autostrade Lombarde in the north-west; Autostrada del Brennero, A4 Holding, Concessioni Autostradali Venete, and Autovie Venete in the north-east; Strada dei Parchi, SALT, SAT, and Autocisa in the center; and CAS in the south.
History
Italy became the first country to inaugurate motorways reserved for motor vehicles with the A8. The Milan-Laghi motorway (connecting Milan to Varese) was devised by Piero Puricelli, a civil engineer and entrepreneur. He received the first authorization to build a public-utility fast road in 1921, and completed the construction (one lane each direction) between 1924 and 1926. By the end of the 1930s, over 400 kilometers of multi- and dual-single-lane motorways had been constructed throughout Italy, linking cities and rural towns.
Traffic laws
Italy's autostrade must not be used by:
Pedestrians and animals (except in rest areas)
Pedal-cycles
Mopeds
Motorcycles having an engine displacement less than (if equipped with an internal combustion engine)
Sidecars having an engine displacement less than (if equipped with an internal combustion engine)
Motorized tricycles designed for the transport of people with up to 2 seats having an engine displacement less than (if equipped with an internal combustion engine) or having an engine power less than
Motorcycle-like vehicles (motoveicoli) not included in previous categories having an empty vehicle weight up to or a gross vehicle mass up to
Cars with a maximum speed on flat road less than
Vehicles without tyres
Agricultural vehicles and technical vehicles (e.g. heavy equipment)
Speed
Italy's autostrade have a standard speed limit of for cars. Limits for other vehicles (or when visibility is poor due to weather) are lower. Legal provisions allow operators to set the limit to on their concessions on a voluntary basis if there are three lanes in each direction and a working SICVE, or Safety Tutor, which is a speed-camera system that measures the average speed over a given distance. However, no autostrada is using this system as of 2022.
The first speed limit, to , was enacted in November 1973 as a result of the 1973 oil crisis. In October 1977, a graduated system was introduced: cars with engine displacement above had a speed limit, cars of 900–1299 cm3 had a limit of , those of 600–899 cm3 could drive at , and those of or less had a maximum speed of . In July 1988 a blanket speed limit of was imposed on all cars above 600 cm3 (the lower limit was kept for smaller cars) by the short-lived PSDI government. In September 1989 this was increased to for cars above and for smaller ones.
List of current Autostrade
List of bretelle and raccordi autostradali
Some autostrade are called bretelle, diramazioni or raccordi because they are short and have few exits.
Bretelle, diramazioni or raccordi are generally connections between two motorways, or connections between motorways and important cities without a motorway.
They have the same number (sometimes with the suffix dir) as one of the two autostrade linked, a combination of the numbers of the two autostrade linked, or the number of the main autostrada.
Trafori (T)
Important alpine tunnels ( trafori) are identified by the capital letter "T" followed by a single digit number. Currently there are only three T-classified tunnels: Mont Blanc Tunnel (T1), Great St Bernard Tunnel (T2) and Frejus Road Tunnel (T4). Tunnels that cross the border between Italy and France (T1, T4) or Switzerland (T2), are treated as motorways (green signage, access control, and so on), although they are not proper motorways. The code T3 was once assigned to the Bargagli-Ferriere Tunnel in Ligurian Apennines before it was reclassified as SP 226.
Raccordi autostradali (RA)
RA stands for Raccordo autostradale (translated as "motorway connection"), a relatively short spur route that connects an autostrada to a nearby city or tourist resort not directly served by the motorway. These spurs are owned and managed by ANAS (with some exceptions, such as the RA7 that became A53 when assigned to a private company for maintenance). Some spurs are toll-free motorways (type-A), but most are type-B or type-C roads. All RA have separate carriageways with two lanes in each direction. Generally, they do not have an emergency lane.
Strade extraurbane principali
Type B highway (or strada extraurbana principale), commonly but unofficially known as superstrada (Italian equivalent for expressway), is a divided highway with at least two lanes in each direction, paved shoulder on the right, no cross-traffic and no at-grade intersections. Access restrictions on such highways are exactly the same as autostrade. Signage at the beginning and the end of the highways is the same, except the background color is blue instead of green. The general speed limit on strade extraurbane principali is 110 km/h. Strade extraurbane principali are not tolled. All strade extraurbane principali are owned and managed by ANAS, and directly controlled by the Italian government or by the regions.
See also
Evolution of motorway construction in European nations
List of controlled-access highway systems
Rai isoradio
State highway (Italy)
Transport in Italy
References
External links
Autostrade per l'Italia Official website
Lists of roads in Italy
Road transport in Italy |
Boswell Observatory is located at Doane College in Crete, Nebraska. Built in 1883, it was primarily a time service observatory and student teaching observatory. The first telescope in the building was an Alvan Clark.
The observatory is still used by the astronomy classes and is open to the public at different times throughout the year. It is no longer in operation as a weather station, but has been preserved well. The building is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as part of the Doane College Historic Buildings.
See also
Doane College Historic Buildings
List of astronomical observatories
References
Astronomical observatories in Nebraska
School buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Nebraska
Buildings and structures in Saline County, Nebraska
Doane University
National Register of Historic Places in Saline County, Nebraska
1883 establishments in Nebraska |
East Point Office Park () in the docklands area of Dublin, Ireland is one of the country's largest business parks, being the place of employment for thousands of people. It is situated in the East Wall area on reclaimed land.
There are over 50 companies in the park with 6,000 employees.
History
The park is situated on land reclaimed from Dublin Bay and the River Tolka estuary. The first phase of the park was opened for business around 1996.
The site where EastPoint is located was intended to be a location for a new City Airport in Dublin, similar to London City Airport. When this plan ultimately proved impractical, the site was acquired by Earlsfort Centre Developments.
Earlsfort engaged Scott Tallon Walker to design the Park and the buildings and the landscaping was designed by Charles Funke.
It became necessary, because of the route of the Dublin Port Tunnel, to construct a new bridge and causeway from Alfie Byrne Road to access the Park.
The success of the initial phase of EastPoint led to Earlsfort and Dublin Port Company entering a joint venture to develop a further phase. This brought the size of the Park to Circa with Circa 140,000 square meters (1.5 m square feet) of mainly offices in 37 buildings. This also provided a further entrance to the Park from Bond Road thus enhancing access from the South City.
Major companies
Major companies based in East Point Office Park include among others Cisco, Google, Oracle, Enterprise Ireland, Deutsche Bank, Cloud Software Group, QuintilesIms, Ergo, FINEOS and Virgin Media Ireland.
Enterprise Ireland leased one of the buildings within the park to serve as its new head office, in a move aimed at merging its four Dublin offices together at one central location, from the end of 2007.
Location and transport
EastPoint is Dublin's only central office park, located less than 2 kilometres from the International Financial Services Centre (IFSC), the purpose-built Convention Centre Dublin overlooking the River Liffey, and other landmarks such as the 3Arena (formerly known as The O2) venue at the Point Village.
The park is not served directly by any public transport. To alleviate this, a shuttle bus fleet provide free-of-charge service to Clontarf Road railway station during railway operating hours; and to near the Point Village stop on the Luas red line during peak hours.
References
External links
Official site
Places in Dublin (city)
Economy of Dublin (city)
Business parks of Ireland
Office buildings in the Republic of Ireland
Dublin Docklands
Land reclamation |
```python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import os
import sys
import glob
import argparse
import datetime
import subprocess
from tests.utils.cmd_args import parser
from tests.utils.logger import log
test_args = []
summary_file_name = "summary.txt"
def check_subdirs(_dir):
error = False
tests = sorted(glob.glob(_dir+"/*.py"))
if tests:
for test in tests:
root_error = run_script(test)
if root_error:
error = root_error
return error
def run_script(_test, _multiplier = 1, _interpreter = None ):
try:
with open(summary_file_name, "a+") as summary:
interpreter = _interpreter if _interpreter else "python3"
ret_code = subprocess.call(interpreter + " " + _test + " " + test_args, shell=True)
if ret_code == 0:
summary.writelines("Test `{0}` passed.\n".format(_test))
return False
else:
summary.writelines("Test `{0}` failed.\n".format(_test))
return True
except Exception as _ex:
log.exception("Exception occures in run_script `{0}`".format(str(_ex)))
return True
if __name__ == "__main__":
if os.path.isfile(summary_file_name):
os.remove(summary_file_name)
with open(summary_file_name, "a+") as summary:
summary.writelines("Cli wallet test started at {0}.\n".format(str(datetime.datetime.now())[:-7]))
args = parser.parse_args()
for key, val in args.__dict__.items():
if val :
test_args.append("--"+key.replace("_","-")+ " ")
test_args.append(val)
test_args = " ".join(test_args)
try:
error = True
if os.path.isdir("./tests"):
error = check_subdirs("./tests")
except Exception as _ex:
log.exception("Exception occured `{0}`.".format(str(_ex)))
error = True
finally:
if error:
log.error("At least one test has faild. Please check summary.txt file.")
exit(1)
else:
log.info("All tests pass.")
exit(0)
``` |
Poplar Plains may refer to a location in the United States:
Poplar Plains, Connecticut, a census-designated place in the town of Westport
Poplar Plains, Kentucky, an unincorporated community in Fleming County |
() was an annual under-20 football tournament. From the 2003–04 edition until the 2009–10 edition, the participating nations were Austria, Germany, Italy and Switzerland (the four Alpine nations). In 2011, Poland replaced Austria. For the 2017–18 edition, the tournament was replaced by the Under 20 Elite League, as the 2017–18 Under 20 Elite League.
Regulation
In 2012–13 season, the age limit was: players born on or after 1 January 1993 were eligible. In other words, players eligible to 2011–12 season U19 team competition of UEFA were eligible to the U20 event in 2012–13. Moreover, teams could select up to 8 overage players born on or after 1 January 1992. Combining two criteria, only those players were allowed to play in 2015 UEFA European Under-21 Football Championship.
Results
2001–02
2002–03
2003–04
2004–05
2005–06
2006–07
2007–08
2008–09
2009–10
2010–11
2011–12
2012–13
2013–14
2014–15
Tournament period: 3 September 2014 – 21 April 2015
Additional games
2015–16
2016–17
External links
Profile at DFB
Results Archive of Italy U20 Team
International association football competitions in Europe
Under-20 association football
Under-20 sports competitions |
DoD Secure Kiosk (DSK) is a secure, low-cost, thin client-derived, custom-built, web browsing appliance that uses a run-time environment (RTE) instead of an operating system, to execute only the code it boots from read-only memory (ROM). It was designed by the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) for low-cost and security, and to need no maintenance or updating.
DSK is accredited by the United States Air Force (USAF) for use on the Department of Defense's (DoD's) private NIPRNet network. It's deployed across the Air Force in every Judge Advocate General's Corps (JAG) office and several, major aircraft depots.
References
Thin clients
Web browsers |
```smalltalk
using System;
using LuaInterface;
public static class TestProtol
{
[LuaByteBufferAttribute]
public static byte[] data;
}
``` |
The 2015 New Zealand Music Awards was the 50th holding of the annual ceremony featuring awards for musical recording artists based in or originating from New Zealand. It took place on 19 November 2015 at Vector Arena in Auckland and was hosted by Taika Waititi. The awards show was broadcast live on TV3, and hosted by Sharyn Casey and Dominic Bowden. 2015 marks the 50th anniversary of the awards from its origins in 1965 as the Loxene Golden Disc.
The awards were dominated by Broods, who won Album of the Year, Best Group, Best Pop Album, and Radio Airplay Record of the Year. Marlon Williams won two awards, Best Male Solo Artist and Breakthrough Artist of the Year. Lorde won Single of the Year and shared the International Achievement award with Savage.
Early awards
While most of the awards will be presented at the main awards ceremony held in November, five genre awards were presented earlier in the year at ceremonies of their field.
The first was awarded in January, with the Tui for Best Folk Album presented at the Auckland Folk Festival in Kumeu to Auckland group Great North for their album Up In Smoke.
The Tui for Best Jazz Album was presented in April at the National Jazz Festival in Tauranga to Auckland band DOG for their debut album DOG.
The Best Country Music Album Tui was presented in May at the New Zealand Country Music Awards in Gore to Tami Neilson for her album Dynamite!.
The Tui for Best Pacific Music Album was presented in June at the Vodafone Pacific Music Awards to the duo Cydel for their album Memoirs of a Midnight Cowboy.
In August the Best Children's Music Album award was presented live on What Now to fleaBITE for her album The Jungle is Jumping.
The nominees for the three technical awards were announced on 1 October, and the technical award winners, legacy award recipient and the Critics' Choice Prize shortlist were announced on 13 October. The Critics Choice showcase and award presentation will be held on 5 November.
Controversy
During the live broadcast of the main awards ceremony, six awards - including Best Maori Album - were presented during the ad breaks and omitted from the television broadcast. This was criticised by previous NZMA winner Tama Waipara, who described the incident as "disgusting and it's not surprising but it is extremely disappointing and moreover, it's unconstitutional." A Mediaworks spokesperson responded, saying, "We can't broadcast the entire awards ceremony without commercial breaks, so many awards aren't televised."
Nominees and winners
The main nominees were revealed on 13 October 2015. The Best Gospel / Christian Album category was renamed Best Worship Album.
Winners are listed first and highlighted in boldface.
Key
– Technical award
References
External links
Official New Zealand Music Awards website
New Zealand Music Awards, 2015
New Zealand Music Awards, 2015
Aotearoa Music Awards
November 2015 events in New Zealand |
Sahu is a surname found in India and Pakistan.
There are some people using the surname who belong to the Chasa Khandait caste.
List of people with the surname Sahu
Sahu, Indian farmer and recipient of Padma Shri in 2020 for his contribution in animal husbandry
Chandra Sekhar Sahu (born 1950), politician and former Member of Parliament representing the Berhampur constituency of Orissa, India
Chandu Lal Sahu, politician and Member of parliament, Lok Sabha representing Mahasamund, Chhattisgarh
Kanak Manjari Sahoo (born 1957), writer and translator from Odisha, India
Kishore Sahu (1915–1980), film actor and director from Madhya Pradesh, India
Laxminarayan Sahu (1890–1963), writer and politician from Odisha, India
Nandini Sahu (born 1973), writer and critic in English literature from Odisha, India
Nattal Sahu (c. 1132), merchant prince who lived during the reign of the Tomara kings near Delhi
Pardeep Sahu (born 1985), cricketer, Haryana & Kings XI Punjab
Sarojini Sahoo (born 1956), Feminist writer and a columnist in The New Indian Express, from Odisha, India.
Sudarshan Sahoo (born 1939), sculptor from Odisha, India
Sunil Sahu, professor in the Department of Political Science at the DePauw University
Supriya Sahu (born 1968) Indian Administrative Service, Director General, Doordarshan, President, Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union
Tarachand Sahu (1947–2012), politician from Chhattisgarh, India
Tamradhwaj Sahu (born 1949), politician and former member of the 14th Lok Sabha of India, representing Durg Chhattisgarh
Khulesh Sahu (born 1996) is a highly skilled and dedicated advocate practicing before the Hon'ble High Court of Chhattisgarh.
See also
Shah
Ghanchi
Sahu Jain Family
References
Surnames of Indian origin |
```c
/*
*
*/
#include <stdint.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include "btc_blufi_prf.h"
#include "blufi_int.h"
#include "esp_log.h"
#include "esp_blufi_api.h"
#include "esp_err.h"
#include "btc/btc_task.h"
#include "esp_blufi.h"
#include "osi/allocator.h"
#include "console/console.h"
/*nimBLE Host*/
#include "nimble/nimble_port.h"
#include "nimble/nimble_port_freertos.h"
#include "host/ble_hs.h"
#include "host/util/util.h"
#include "host/ble_uuid.h"
#include "host/ble_gatt.h"
#include "services/gap/ble_svc_gap.h"
#include "services/gatt/ble_svc_gatt.h"
#if (BLUFI_INCLUDED == TRUE)
static uint8_t own_addr_type;
struct gatt_value gatt_values[SERVER_MAX_VALUES];
const static char *TAG = "BLUFI_EXAMPLE";
enum {
GATT_VALUE_TYPE_CHR,
GATT_VALUE_TYPE_DSC,
};
static int gatt_svr_access_cb(uint16_t conn_handle, uint16_t attr_handle,
struct ble_gatt_access_ctxt *ctxt,
void *arg);
static const struct ble_gatt_svc_def gatt_svr_svcs[] = {
{
/*** Service: Blufi */
.type = BLE_GATT_SVC_TYPE_PRIMARY,
.uuid = BLE_UUID16_DECLARE(BLUFI_SERVICE_UUID),
.characteristics = (struct ble_gatt_chr_def[])
{ {
/*** Characteristic: P2E */
.uuid = BLE_UUID16_DECLARE(BLUFI_CHAR_P2E_UUID),
.access_cb = gatt_svr_access_cb,
.flags = BLE_GATT_CHR_F_WRITE,
.arg = &gatt_values[0],
.val_handle = &gatt_values[0].val_handle,
}, {
/*** Characteristic: E2P */
.uuid = BLE_UUID16_DECLARE(BLUFI_CHAR_E2P_UUID),
.access_cb = gatt_svr_access_cb,
.flags = BLE_GATT_CHR_F_READ | BLE_GATT_CHR_F_NOTIFY,
.arg = &gatt_values[1],
.val_handle = &gatt_values[1].val_handle,
}, {
0, /* No more characteristics in this service. */
}
},
},
{
0, /* No more services. */
},
};
void esp_blufi_gatt_svr_register_cb(struct ble_gatt_register_ctxt *ctxt, void *arg)
{
char buf[BLE_UUID_STR_LEN];
switch (ctxt->op) {
case BLE_GATT_REGISTER_OP_SVC:
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "registered service %s with handle=%d",
ble_uuid_to_str(ctxt->svc.svc_def->uuid, buf),
ctxt->svc.handle);
break;
case BLE_GATT_REGISTER_OP_CHR:
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "registering characteristic %s with "
"def_handle=%d val_handle=%d\n",
ble_uuid_to_str(ctxt->chr.chr_def->uuid, buf),
ctxt->chr.def_handle,
ctxt->chr.val_handle);
break;
case BLE_GATT_REGISTER_OP_DSC:
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "registering descriptor %s with handle=%d",
ble_uuid_to_str(ctxt->dsc.dsc_def->uuid, buf),
ctxt->dsc.handle);
break;
default:
assert(0);
break;
}
}
static size_t write_value(uint16_t conn_handle, uint16_t attr_handle,
struct ble_gatt_access_ctxt *ctxt,
void *arg)
{
struct gatt_value *value = (struct gatt_value *)arg;
uint16_t len;
int rc;
if (ctxt->op == BLE_GATT_ACCESS_OP_WRITE_CHR) {
if (ctxt->chr->flags & BLE_GATT_CHR_F_WRITE_AUTHOR) {
return BLE_ATT_ERR_INSUFFICIENT_AUTHOR;
}
} else {
if (ctxt->dsc->att_flags & BLE_ATT_F_WRITE_AUTHOR) {
return BLE_ATT_ERR_INSUFFICIENT_AUTHOR;
}
}
/* Data may come in linked om. So retrieve all data */
if (SLIST_NEXT(ctxt->om, om_next) != NULL) {
uint8_t *fw_buf = (uint8_t *)malloc(517 * sizeof(uint8_t));
memset(fw_buf, 0x0, 517);
memcpy(fw_buf, &ctxt->om->om_data[0], ctxt->om->om_len);
struct os_mbuf *last;
last = ctxt->om;
uint32_t offset = ctxt->om->om_len;
while (SLIST_NEXT(last, om_next) != NULL) {
struct os_mbuf *temp = SLIST_NEXT(last, om_next);
memcpy(fw_buf + offset , &temp->om_data[0], temp->om_len);
offset += temp->om_len;
last = SLIST_NEXT(last, om_next);
temp = NULL;
}
btc_blufi_recv_handler(fw_buf, offset);
free(fw_buf);
}
else {
btc_blufi_recv_handler(&ctxt->om->om_data[0], ctxt->om->om_len);
}
rc = ble_hs_mbuf_to_flat(ctxt->om, value->buf->om_data,
value->buf->om_len, &len);
if (rc != 0) {
return BLE_ATT_ERR_UNLIKELY;
}
/* Maximum attribute value size is 512 bytes */
assert(value->buf->om_len < MAX_VAL_SIZE);
return 0;
}
static size_t read_value(uint16_t conn_handle, uint16_t attr_handle,
struct ble_gatt_access_ctxt *ctxt,
void *arg)
{
const struct gatt_value *value = (const struct gatt_value *) arg;
char str[BLE_UUID_STR_LEN];
int rc;
memset(str, '\0', sizeof(str));
if (ctxt->op == BLE_GATT_ACCESS_OP_READ_CHR) {
if (ctxt->chr->flags & BLE_GATT_CHR_F_READ_AUTHOR) {
return BLE_ATT_ERR_INSUFFICIENT_AUTHOR;
}
ble_uuid_to_str(ctxt->chr->uuid, str);
} else {
if (ctxt->dsc->att_flags & BLE_ATT_F_READ_AUTHOR) {
return BLE_ATT_ERR_INSUFFICIENT_AUTHOR;
}
ble_uuid_to_str(ctxt->dsc->uuid, str);
}
rc = os_mbuf_append(ctxt->om, value->buf->om_data, value->buf->om_len);
return rc == 0 ? 0 : BLE_ATT_ERR_INSUFFICIENT_RES;
}
static int gatt_svr_access_cb(uint16_t conn_handle, uint16_t attr_handle,
struct ble_gatt_access_ctxt *ctxt,
void *arg)
{
switch (ctxt->op) {
case BLE_GATT_ACCESS_OP_READ_CHR:
return read_value(conn_handle, attr_handle,
ctxt, arg);
case BLE_GATT_ACCESS_OP_WRITE_CHR:
return write_value(conn_handle, attr_handle,
ctxt, arg);
default:
assert(0);
return BLE_ATT_ERR_UNLIKELY;
}
/* Unknown characteristic; the nimble stack should not have called this
* function.
*/
assert(0);
return BLE_ATT_ERR_UNLIKELY;
}
static void init_gatt_values(void)
{
int i = 0;
const struct ble_gatt_svc_def *svc;
const struct ble_gatt_chr_def *chr;
const struct ble_gatt_dsc_def *dsc;
for (svc = gatt_svr_svcs; svc && svc->uuid; svc++) {
for (chr = svc->characteristics; chr && chr->uuid; chr++) {
assert(i < SERVER_MAX_VALUES);
gatt_values[i].type = GATT_VALUE_TYPE_CHR;
gatt_values[i].ptr = (void *)chr;
gatt_values[i].buf = os_msys_get(0, 0);
os_mbuf_extend(gatt_values[i].buf, 1);
++i;
for (dsc = chr->descriptors; dsc && dsc->uuid; dsc++) {
assert(i < SERVER_MAX_VALUES);
gatt_values[i].type = GATT_VALUE_TYPE_DSC;
gatt_values[i].ptr = (void *)dsc;
gatt_values[i].buf = os_msys_get(0, 0);
os_mbuf_extend(gatt_values[i].buf, 1);
++i;
}
}
}
}
int esp_blufi_gatt_svr_init(void)
{
int rc;
ble_svc_gap_init();
ble_svc_gatt_init();
rc = ble_gatts_count_cfg(gatt_svr_svcs);
if (rc != 0) {
return rc;
}
rc = ble_gatts_add_svcs(gatt_svr_svcs);
if (rc != 0) {
return rc;
}
init_gatt_values();
return 0;
}
static int
esp_blufi_gap_event(struct ble_gap_event *event, void *arg)
{
struct ble_gap_conn_desc desc;
int rc;
switch (event->type) {
case BLE_GAP_EVENT_CONNECT:
/* A new connection was established or a connection attempt failed. */
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "connection %s; status=%d",
event->connect.status == 0 ? "established" : "failed",
event->connect.status);
if (event->connect.status == 0) {
blufi_env.is_connected = true;
blufi_env.recv_seq = blufi_env.send_seq = 0;
btc_msg_t msg;
esp_blufi_cb_param_t param;
msg.sig = BTC_SIG_API_CB;
msg.pid = BTC_PID_BLUFI;
msg.act = ESP_BLUFI_EVENT_BLE_CONNECT;
rc = ble_gap_conn_find(event->connect.conn_handle, &desc);
assert(rc == 0);
memcpy(param.connect.remote_bda, desc.peer_id_addr.val, ESP_BLUFI_BD_ADDR_LEN);
param.connect.conn_id = event->connect.conn_handle;
/* save connection handle */
blufi_env.conn_id = event->connect.conn_handle;
btc_transfer_context(&msg, ¶m, sizeof(esp_blufi_cb_param_t), NULL, NULL);
}
if (event->connect.status != 0) {
/* Connection failed; resume advertising. */
esp_blufi_adv_start();
}
return 0;
case BLE_GAP_EVENT_DISCONNECT:
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "disconnect; reason=%d", event->disconnect.reason);
memcpy(blufi_env.remote_bda, event->disconnect.conn.peer_id_addr.val, ESP_BLUFI_BD_ADDR_LEN);
blufi_env.is_connected = false;
blufi_env.recv_seq = blufi_env.send_seq = 0;
blufi_env.sec_mode = 0x0;
blufi_env.offset = 0;
if (blufi_env.aggr_buf != NULL) {
osi_free(blufi_env.aggr_buf);
blufi_env.aggr_buf = NULL;
}
btc_msg_t msg;
esp_blufi_cb_param_t param;
msg.sig = BTC_SIG_API_CB;
msg.pid = BTC_PID_BLUFI;
msg.act = ESP_BLUFI_EVENT_BLE_DISCONNECT;
memcpy(param.disconnect.remote_bda, event->disconnect.conn.peer_id_addr.val, ESP_BLUFI_BD_ADDR_LEN);
btc_transfer_context(&msg, ¶m, sizeof(esp_blufi_cb_param_t), NULL, NULL);
return 0;
case BLE_GAP_EVENT_CONN_UPDATE:
/* The central has updated the connection parameters. */
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "connection updated; status=%d",
event->conn_update.status);
return 0;
case BLE_GAP_EVENT_ADV_COMPLETE:
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "advertise complete; reason=%d",
event->adv_complete.reason);
esp_blufi_adv_start();
return 0;
case BLE_GAP_EVENT_SUBSCRIBE:
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "subscribe event; conn_handle=%d attr_handle=%d "
"reason=%d prevn=%d curn=%d previ=%d curi=%d\n",
event->subscribe.conn_handle,
event->subscribe.attr_handle,
event->subscribe.reason,
event->subscribe.prev_notify,
event->subscribe.cur_notify,
event->subscribe.prev_indicate,
event->subscribe.cur_indicate);
return 0;
case BLE_GAP_EVENT_MTU:
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "mtu update event; conn_handle=%d cid=%d mtu=%d",
event->mtu.conn_handle,
event->mtu.channel_id,
event->mtu.value);
blufi_env.frag_size = (event->mtu.value < BLUFI_MAX_DATA_LEN ? event->mtu.value : BLUFI_MAX_DATA_LEN) - BLUFI_MTU_RESERVED_SIZE;
return 0;
}
return 0;
}
void esp_blufi_adv_start(void)
{
int rc;
rc = ble_hs_util_ensure_addr(0);
assert(rc == 0);
/* Figure out address to use while advertising (no privacy for now) */
rc = ble_hs_id_infer_auto(0, &own_addr_type);
if (rc != 0) {
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "error determining address type; rc=%d ", rc);
return;
}
/* Printing ADDR */
uint8_t addr_val[6] = {0};
rc = ble_hs_id_copy_addr(own_addr_type, addr_val, NULL);
/* Begin advertising. */
struct ble_gap_adv_params adv_params;
struct ble_hs_adv_fields fields;
const char *name;
/**
* Set the advertisement data included in our advertisements:
* o Flags (indicates advertisement type and other general info).
* o Advertising tx power.
* o Device name.
* o 16-bit service UUIDs (alert notifications).
*/
memset(&fields, 0, sizeof fields);
/* Advertise two flags:
* o Discoverability in forthcoming advertisement (general)
* o BLE-only (BR/EDR unsupported).
*/
fields.flags = BLE_HS_ADV_F_DISC_GEN |
BLE_HS_ADV_F_BREDR_UNSUP;
/* Indicate that the TX power level field should be included; have the
* stack fill this value automatically. This is done by assigning the
* special value BLE_HS_ADV_TX_PWR_LVL_AUTO.
*/
fields.tx_pwr_lvl_is_present = 1;
fields.tx_pwr_lvl = BLE_HS_ADV_TX_PWR_LVL_AUTO;
name = ble_svc_gap_device_name();
fields.name = (uint8_t *)name;
fields.name_len = strlen(name);
fields.name_is_complete = 1;
fields.uuids16 = (ble_uuid16_t[]) {
BLE_UUID16_INIT(BLUFI_APP_UUID)
};
fields.num_uuids16 = 1;
fields.uuids16_is_complete = 1;
rc = ble_gap_adv_set_fields(&fields);
if (rc != 0) {
ESP_LOGE(TAG, "error setting advertisement data; rc=%d", rc);
return;
}
/* Begin advertising. */
memset(&adv_params, 0, sizeof adv_params);
adv_params.conn_mode = BLE_GAP_CONN_MODE_UND;
adv_params.disc_mode = BLE_GAP_DISC_MODE_GEN;
rc = ble_gap_adv_start(own_addr_type, NULL, BLE_HS_FOREVER,
&adv_params, esp_blufi_gap_event, NULL);
if (rc != 0) {
ESP_LOGE(TAG, "error enabling advertisement; rc=%d", rc);
return;
}
}
uint8_t esp_blufi_init(void)
{
blufi_env.enabled = true;
esp_blufi_cb_param_t param;
param.init_finish.state = ESP_BLUFI_INIT_OK;
btc_blufi_cb_to_app(ESP_BLUFI_EVENT_INIT_FINISH, ¶m);
return ESP_BLUFI_ERROR;
}
void esp_blufi_deinit(void)
{
blufi_env.enabled = false;
btc_msg_t msg;
esp_blufi_cb_param_t param;
msg.pid = BTC_PID_BLUFI;
msg.act = ESP_BLUFI_EVENT_DEINIT_FINISH;
param.deinit_finish.state = ESP_BLUFI_DEINIT_OK;
btc_transfer_context(&msg, ¶m, sizeof(esp_blufi_cb_param_t), NULL, NULL);
}
void esp_blufi_send_notify(void *arg)
{
struct pkt_info *pkts = (struct pkt_info *) arg;
struct os_mbuf *om;
om = ble_hs_mbuf_from_flat(pkts->pkt, pkts->pkt_len);
if (om == NULL) {
ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Error in allocating memory");
return;
}
int rc = 0;
rc = ble_gatts_notify_custom(blufi_env.conn_id, gatt_values[1].val_handle, om);
if (rc != 0) {
ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Error in sending notification");
}
}
void esp_blufi_disconnect(void)
{
ble_gap_terminate(blufi_env.conn_id, BLE_ERR_REM_USER_CONN_TERM);
}
void esp_blufi_adv_stop(void) {}
void esp_blufi_send_encap(void *arg)
{
struct blufi_hdr *hdr = (struct blufi_hdr *)arg;
if (blufi_env.is_connected == false) {
BTC_TRACE_WARNING("%s ble connection is broken\n", __func__);
return;
}
btc_blufi_send_notify((uint8_t *)hdr,
((hdr->fc & BLUFI_FC_CHECK) ?
hdr->data_len + sizeof(struct blufi_hdr) + 2 :
hdr->data_len + sizeof(struct blufi_hdr)));
}
void esp_blufi_btc_init(void)
{
int rc;
rc = btc_init();
assert(rc == 0);
}
void esp_blufi_btc_deinit(void)
{
btc_deinit();
}
int esp_blufi_handle_gap_events(struct ble_gap_event *event, void *arg)
{
struct ble_gap_conn_desc desc;
int rc;
if (event != NULL) {
switch (event->type) {
case BLE_GAP_EVENT_CONNECT:
if (event->connect.status == 0) {
btc_msg_t msg;
esp_blufi_cb_param_t param;
blufi_env.is_connected = true;
blufi_env.recv_seq = blufi_env.send_seq = 0;
blufi_env.conn_id = event->connect.conn_handle;
msg.sig = BTC_SIG_API_CB;
msg.pid = BTC_PID_BLUFI;
msg.act = ESP_BLUFI_EVENT_BLE_CONNECT;
rc = ble_gap_conn_find(event->connect.conn_handle, &desc);
assert(rc == 0);
memcpy(param.connect.remote_bda, desc.peer_id_addr.val, ESP_BLUFI_BD_ADDR_LEN);
param.connect.conn_id = event->connect.conn_handle;
btc_transfer_context(&msg, ¶m, sizeof(esp_blufi_cb_param_t), NULL, NULL);
}
return 0;
case BLE_GAP_EVENT_DISCONNECT: {
btc_msg_t msg;
esp_blufi_cb_param_t param;
blufi_env.is_connected = false;
blufi_env.recv_seq = blufi_env.send_seq = 0;
blufi_env.sec_mode = 0x0;
blufi_env.offset = 0;
memcpy(blufi_env.remote_bda,
event->disconnect.conn.peer_id_addr.val,
ESP_BLUFI_BD_ADDR_LEN);
if (blufi_env.aggr_buf != NULL) {
osi_free(blufi_env.aggr_buf);
blufi_env.aggr_buf = NULL;
}
msg.sig = BTC_SIG_API_CB;
msg.pid = BTC_PID_BLUFI;
msg.act = ESP_BLUFI_EVENT_BLE_DISCONNECT;
memcpy(param.disconnect.remote_bda,
event->disconnect.conn.peer_id_addr.val,
ESP_BLUFI_BD_ADDR_LEN);
btc_transfer_context(&msg, ¶m, sizeof(esp_blufi_cb_param_t), NULL, NULL);
return 0;
}
case BLE_GAP_EVENT_MTU:
blufi_env.frag_size = (event->mtu.value < BLUFI_MAX_DATA_LEN ? event->mtu.value :
BLUFI_MAX_DATA_LEN) - BLUFI_MTU_RESERVED_SIZE;
return 0;
}
}
return 0;
}
#endif
``` |
Regency Buck is a novel written by Georgette Heyer. It has three distinctions: it is the first of her novels to deal with the Regency period; it is one of only a few to combine both genres for which she was noted, the Regency romance and the mystery novel; and it is the only one of her Regency stories to feature Beau Brummell as an actual character, rather than as someone merely mentioned in passing. The story is set in 1811–1812.
Plot summary
Judith Taverner is a beautiful young heiress who comes to London to join high society. She takes an instant dislike to her unwilling guardian, Julian, fifth Earl of Worth, who, having met her earlier in a small town filled with bucks watching a boxing match, treats her with a familiarity reserved for loose women. Judith soon becomes a sensation in London. She gets many offers of marriage (including one from the Duke of Clarence). Worth does not permit her to marry any one of them. This initially makes Judith very angry, but she comes to appreciate it later. Judith has a younger brother named Peregrine (Perry) who is a young handsome boy with very little sense and a lot of money to spare. Hence, he is always getting into trouble. Perry and Judith's cousin Bernard Taverner seems always so kind and attentive, though there is little love lost between him and Worth.
Perry keeps getting into scrapes. He is challenged to a duel, gets held up, and nearly gets poisoned. Worth suspects that Bernard is the villain and he sends his brother, Captain the Hon. Charles Audley to watch over Perry. Meanwhile, Bernard tries to convince Judith that it is Worth who is the real culprit. In the end, after Worth provokes Taverner into acting, the truth comes out and Bernard is shown to be the guilty one.
The sparring and eventual love affair of Judith and Julian, against the backdrop of Judith's brother Peregrine's romance and danger, make up this novel.
Miss Heyer's An Infamous Army is a sequel to Regency Buck.
References
Novels by Georgette Heyer
1935 British novels
Fiction set in 1811
Fiction set in 1812
Heinemann (publisher) books
Novels set in the 1810s
Historical crime novels
Cultural depictions of Beau Brummell
Regency romance novels
British romance novels |
NRJ Energy is a private Russian radio station, created in 2006 based in Moscow, and is the Russian version of the French NRJ. The playlist of the radio station is made up of the most popular songs (hence the new slogan of the radio station is "Hit Music Only").
History
On March 8, 2003, Radio Energy was created by the Prof Media group (formerly under Interros and now under Gazprom-Media), and then dedicated to dance, house and trance music. The radio station is popular among young people. The station also used to host numerous dance music festivals every year, the most famous being 'Energiya Megadance'.
In April 2006 the average daily number of listeners was 529,000, or a 5.6% of the total number of listeners in the Moscow Region, according to Prof Media/VKPM.
On 1 September 2006, the Prof Media group accepted to rebrand its station Radio Energy, to become the French NRJ brand, which also has other versions internationally.
Broadcasting area
Energy Russia broadcasts throughout Russia. In the capital Moscow and its region it broadcasts on 104.2 MHz. Additionally the radio station is also available on the internet.
See also
NRJ, about the French radio station.
External links
NRJ Official Site
VKPM Media Group.
NRJ на OnlineRadioBox.ru
Radio stations in Russia
Russian-language radio stations
Mass media in Moscow |
```python
#!/usr/bin/env python
##
# Massimiliano Patacchiola, Plymouth University 2016
#
# In this example I show you how to use a pretrained Deep Neural Network (DNN)
# for head pose estimation. It requires a tensorflow file containing the weights
# of the network, which are loaded at the beginning of the session.
#
# Attention: this example works with greyscale images of dimension 64x64 pixels
# These are all the modules we'll be using later. Make sure you can import them
# before proceeding further.
from __future__ import print_function
import numpy as np
import tensorflow as tf
import cv2
# Create model
def multilayer_model(_X, _input0, _biases_input0, _hidden1, _biases_hidden1, _hidden2, _biases_hidden2, _output3, _biases_output3):
_input0_result = tf.matmul(_X, _input0) + _biases_input0
_hidden1_result = tf.nn.tanh(tf.matmul(_input0_result, _hidden1) + _biases_hidden1)
_hidden2_result = tf.nn.tanh(tf.matmul(_hidden1_result, _hidden2) + _biases_hidden2)
_output3_result = tf.nn.tanh(tf.matmul(_hidden2_result, _output3) + _biases_output3)
return _output3_result
graph = tf.Graph()
with graph.as_default():
print("Starting Graph creation...")
# Variables
image_size = 64
num_hidden_units_1 = 256
num_hidden_units_2 = 256
num_hidden_units_3 = 256
num_labels = 3
#0- the input placeholder
tf_input = tf.placeholder(tf.float32,shape=(batch_size, image_size * image_size))
#1- weights
#tf.truncated_normal(shape, mean=0.0, stddev=1.0)
weights_input0 = tf.Variable(tf.truncated_normal([image_size * image_size, num_hidden_units_1], 0.0, 1.0))
weights_hidden1 = tf.Variable(tf.truncated_normal([num_hidden_units_1, num_hidden_units_2], 0.0, 1.0))
weights_hidden2 = tf.Variable(tf.truncated_normal([num_hidden_units_2, num_hidden_units_3], 0.0, 1.0))
weights_output3 = tf.Variable(tf.truncated_normal([num_hidden_units_3, num_labels], 0.0, 1.0))
#2- biases
biases_input0 = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([num_hidden_units_1]))
biases_hidden1 = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([num_hidden_units_2]))
biases_hidden2 = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([num_hidden_units_3]))
biases_output3 = tf.Variable(tf.zeros([num_labels]))
#3- testing
prediction = multilayer_model(tf_train_dataset,
weights_input0, biases_input0,
weights_hidden1, biases_hidden1,
weights_hidden2, biases_hidden2,
weights_output3, biases_output3)
print("Finished.")
#Print the variables
print("========== ALL TF VARS ======== ")
all_vars = tf.all_variables()
for k in all_vars:
print(k.name)
#Load the checkpoint
ckpt = tf.train.get_checkpoint_state("./dnn_1600i_4h_3o")
#Create the session
_sess = tf.Session()
#Associate the weights stored in the checkpoint file to the
#local tensorflow variables
tf.train.Saver(({"dnn_weights_input0": weights_input0, "dnn_biases_input0": biases_input0,
"dnn_weights_hidden1": weights_hidden1, "dnn_biases_hidden1": biases_hidden1,
"dnn_weights_hidden2": weights_hidden2, "dnn_biases_hidden2": biases_hidden2,
"dnn_weights_output3": weights_output3, "dnn_biases_output3": biases_output3
})).restore(_sess, ckpt.model_checkpoint_path)
#Load the image in greyscale with OpenCV
image = cv2.imread("image.jpg", 0)
h,w = image.shape
#Resize the image if needed and get the predictions from the model
if(h == w and h>64):
image_resized = cv2.resize(image, (64, 64), interpolation = cv2.INTER_AREA)
image_normalised = np.add(image_resized, -127) #normalisation of the input
feed_dict = {tf_input : image_normalised}
predictions = _sess.run([prediction], feed_dict=feed_dict)
elif(h == w and h==64):
image_normalised = np.add(image_resized, -127) #normalisation of the input
feed_dict = {tf_input : image_normalised}
predictions = _sess.run([prediction], feed_dict=feed_dict)
print(predictions)
#Here to see the output in degrees you should
#multiply the first value inside prediction (roll) times 25
#the second value in prediction (pitch) times 45
#and the third value (yaw) times 90
else:
raise ValueError('DnnHeadPoseEstimation: the image given as input is not squared or it is smaller than 64px.')
``` |
Jacob Henry Atz (July 7, 1879 – May 22, 1945) was an American professional baseball second baseman. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Washington Senators and Chicago White Sox. He also was the most successful minor league managers of the 1920s, winning all or parts of the Texas League championship in seven consecutive seasons (1919–1925) as skipper of the Fort Worth Panthers. Atz was born in Washington, D.C.
He is also credited as John Atz in many baseball sources.
Baseball career
Atz played in the major leagues during 4 seasons, 1902 for the Washington Senators and 1907-09 for the Chicago White Sox. He made his debut on September 24, 1902, and played in his last major league game on September 30, 1909. He played for 20 years in the minor leagues, finishing his career in 1921 with the Ft. Worth Panthers in the Texas League.
In four major league seasons, Atz played in 209 games, had 605 at bats, 64 runs, 132 hits, 21 doubles, three triples, 49 RBIs, 23 stolen bases, 69 walks, a .218 batting average, .304 on-base percentage, .263 slugging percentage, and 33 sacrifice hits.
His first managerial assignment was for the Providence Grays of the East League in 1911, and he failed dismally, losing 69 of 108 games (.361). Three years later, in 1914, he took over Fort Worth. His Panthers had winning records in his first 13 seasons. During their seven-year skein as kings of the Texas League, the Panthers won over 100 games five times – with records of 108–40 (.730) in 1920, 107–51 (.677) in 1921, 109–43 (.717) in 1922, 109–41 (.727) in 1924, and 103–48 (.682) in 1925. In 1926, the Panthers fell to third and Atz would not win another pennant until 1939, with Henderson in the Class C East Texas League, three levels below the Texas League. His career record as a manager in the minors over 27 seasons was 1,972 wins, 1,619 losses (.549), still one of the best winning percentages among longtime minor league skippers.
Personal life
Atz died on May 22, 1945, in New Orleans at the age of 64.
References
Sources
1879 births
1945 deaths
American people of Irish descent
American people of German descent
Baseball players from Washington, D.C.
Chicago White Sox players
Fort Worth Panthers players
Galveston Pirates players
Los Angeles Angels (minor league) players
Major League Baseball second basemen
Memphis Egyptians players
Minor league baseball managers
New Orleans Pelicans (baseball) players
Portland Giants players
Providence Grays (minor league) players
Raleigh Senators players
Troy Washerwomen players
Washington Senators (1901–1960) players
Williamsport (minor league baseball) players |
"Way Out" is a song by American rapper Jack Harlow, featuring vocals from fellow American rapper Big Sean. It was released through Generation Now and Atlantic Records, as the second single from the former's debut studio album, Thats What They All Say, two days before the album, on December 9, 2020. The song's production was handled by JetsonMade, Jasper Harris and Heavy Mellow.
Credits and personnel
Credits adapted from Tidal.
Jackman Harlow – vocals, songwriting, composition
Sean Anderson – vocals, featured artist, songwriting, composition
Tahj Morgan – songwriting, composition, production
Everett Romano – songwriting, composition, production
Jasper Harris – songwriting, composition, production
Nickie Pabón – recording, mixing
Leslie Brathwaite – mixing
Colin Leonard – mastering
Charts
Certifications
References
External links
2020 singles
2020 songs
Jack Harlow songs
Atlantic Records singles
Big Sean songs
Songs written by Big Sean
Songs written by Jack Harlow |
Los Marcellos Ferial (in some recordings the name is credited as I Marcellos Ferial) are an Italian vocal group, mainly active in the sixties, consisting of Marcello Minerbi, Carlo Timò and Tullio Romano.
The vocal trio was formed by the label Durium as a response to the music of Latin America and the Caribbean which was then in vogue in Italy; in particular, the trio was called to record a cover version of the Los Hermanos Rigual song "Cuando calienta el sol" before the rival record company RCA could properly publish the original version in Italy. Their version reached the first place on the Italian Hit Parade, but provoked the reaction of RCA who subsequently sued Durium.
The trio was presented by the label and by the press as being composed of Mexicans, and appeared to the events to which was attending in a Chevrolet with a Venezuelan nameplate.
When the truth came to light, the group managed to maintain equally successful, leaving the repertoire in Spanish language and winning the 1964 Disco per l'estate with the song "Sei diventata nera", which reached the second place on the Italian Hit Parade. Other successes include "Angelita di Anzio" and "La casa del sole" (a cover version of "The House of the Rising Sun"), both peaking sixth on Hit Parade.
References
External links
Musical groups established in 1962
Italian pop music groups
1962 establishments in Italy
Spanish-language singers of Italy |
```html+erb
<% if path.present? %>
<%= render :link %>
<% else %>
<%= render :button %>
<% end %>
``` |
```smalltalk
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using CSharpFunctionalExtensions.ValueTasks;
using Xunit;
namespace CSharpFunctionalExtensions.Tests.ResultTests.Extensions
{
public class FinallyTests_ValueTask_Left : FinallyTestsBase
{
[Theory]
[InlineData(true)]
[InlineData(false)]
public async Task Finally_ValueTask_Left_result_returns_K(bool isSuccess)
{
Result result = Result.SuccessIf(isSuccess, ErrorMessage);
K output = await result.AsValueTask().Finally(Func_Result);
AssertCalled(result, output);
}
[Theory]
[InlineData(true)]
[InlineData(false)]
public async Task Finally_ValueTask_Left_result_T_returns_K(bool isSuccess)
{
Result<T> result = Result.SuccessIf(isSuccess, T.Value, ErrorMessage);
K output = await result.AsValueTask().Finally(Func_Result_T);
AssertCalled(result, output);
}
[Theory]
[InlineData(true)]
[InlineData(false)]
public async Task Finally_ValueTask_Left_result_T_E_returns_K(bool isSuccess)
{
Result<T, E> result = Result.SuccessIf(isSuccess, T.Value, E.Value);
K output = await result.AsValueTask().Finally(Func_Result_T_E);
AssertCalled(result, output);
}
[Fact]
public async Task your_sha256_hashK()
{
UnitResult<E> result = UnitResult.Success<E>();
K output = await result.AsValueTask().Finally(Func_UnitResult_E);
AssertCalled(result, output);
}
[Fact]
public async Task your_sha256_hashK() {
UnitResult<E> result = UnitResult.Failure(E.Value);
K output = await result.AsValueTask().Finally(Func_UnitResult_E);
AssertCalled(result, output);
}
}
}
``` |
The 1898–99 Northern Football League season was the tenth in the history of the Northern Football League, a football competition in Northern England.
Division One
The division featured 9 clubs which competed in the last season, no new clubs joined the league this season.
League table
Division Two
The division featured 4 clubs which competed in the last season, along with six new clubs:
Scarborough
Stockton St. John's
Stockton Vulcan
Thornaby
Thornaby Utopians
West Hartlepool
League table
References
1898-99
1898–99 in English association football leagues |
Emil Iliev (; born 31 March 1997) is a Bulgarian footballer who plays as a midfielder.
Career
Emil made his first team league début in a 1–2 home defeat against Lokomotiv Plovdiv on 26 May 2015, coming on as substitute for Daniel Georgiev.
In February 2016, Emil was loaned to Kaliakra Kavarna for the rest of the season.
On 17 January 2018, Iliev returned his hometown to play for Spartak Varna.
Career statistics
References
External links
1997 births
Living people
Bulgarian men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
PFC Cherno More Varna players
FC Kaliakra Kavarna players
FC Spartak Varna players
First Professional Football League (Bulgaria) players |
```smalltalk
namespace Npgsql.EntityFrameworkCore.PostgreSQL.ValueGeneration.Internal;
/// <summary>
/// This API supports the Entity Framework Core infrastructure and is not intended to be used
/// directly from your code. This API may change or be removed in future releases.
/// </summary>
public class NpgsqlSequenceValueGeneratorState : HiLoValueGeneratorState
{
/// <summary>
/// This API supports the Entity Framework Core infrastructure and is not intended to be used
/// directly from your code. This API may change or be removed in future releases.
/// </summary>
public NpgsqlSequenceValueGeneratorState(ISequence sequence)
: base(Check.NotNull(sequence, nameof(sequence)).IncrementBy)
{
Sequence = sequence;
}
/// <summary>
/// This API supports the Entity Framework Core infrastructure and is not intended to be used
/// directly from your code. This API may change or be removed in future releases.
/// </summary>
public virtual ISequence Sequence { get; }
}
``` |
Drammen is a town in Eau Claire County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 800 at the 2000 census. The ghost towns of Nelsonville and Oak Grove were located in the town.
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 35.9 square miles (93.1 km2), all of it land. Wisconsin Highway 37 runs north–south through the town.
History
The Town of Drammen was created on 14 November 1873, by splitting off the southern half of the Town of Brunswick. Originally called the Town of Lant, the name was changed to Drammen, 24 January 1877, after Drammen, Norway. Its 1910 population was 869.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 800 people, 294 households, and 224 families residing in the town. The population density was 22.3 people per square mile (8.6/km2). There were 318 housing units at an average density of 8.9 per square mile (3.4/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 99.38% White, 0.12% African American, 0.25% Native American and 0.25% Asian. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.25% of the population.
There were 294 households, out of which 35.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 68.7% were married couples living together, 3.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.5% were non-families. 18.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.71 and the average family size was 3.10.
The population was 27.8% under the age of 18, 4.0% from 18 to 24, 27.8% from 25 to 44, 28.3% from 45 to 64, and 12.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 112.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 112.5 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $46,827, and the median income for a family was $50,000. Males had a median income of $35,417 versus $24,750 for females. The per capita income for the town was $19,939. About 4.6% of families and 5.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.0% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.
References
Towns in Eau Claire County, Wisconsin
Eau Claire–Chippewa Falls metropolitan area
Towns in Wisconsin |
```javascript
/**
* @license Apache-2.0
*
*
*
* path_to_url
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*/
'use strict';
// MODULES //
var resolve = require( 'path' ).resolve;
var bench = require( '@stdlib/bench' );
var randu = require( '@stdlib/random/base/randu' );
var isnan = require( '@stdlib/math/base/assert/is-nan' );
var pow = require( '@stdlib/math/base/special/pow' );
var Float64Array = require( '@stdlib/array/float64' );
var dcopy = require( '@stdlib/blas/base/dcopy' );
var tryRequire = require( '@stdlib/utils/try-require' );
var pkg = require( './../package.json' ).name;
// VARIABLES //
var dsorthp = tryRequire( resolve( __dirname, './../lib/dsorthp.native.js' ) );
var opts = {
'skip': ( dsorthp instanceof Error )
};
// FUNCTIONS //
/**
* Create a benchmark function.
*
* @private
* @param {PositiveInteger} iter - number of iterations
* @param {PositiveInteger} len - array length
* @returns {Function} benchmark function
*/
function createBenchmark( iter, len ) {
var tmp;
var x;
var i;
var j;
x = [];
for ( i = 0; i < iter; i++ ) {
tmp = new Float64Array( len );
for ( j = 0; j < len; j++ ) {
tmp[ j ] = randu() + j;
}
x.push( tmp );
}
return benchmark;
function benchmark( b ) {
var xc;
var y;
var i;
xc = x.slice();
for ( i = 0; i < iter; i++ ) {
xc[ i ] = dcopy( len, x[ i ], 1, new Float64Array( len ), 1 );
}
b.tic();
for ( i = 0; i < b.iterations; i++ ) {
y = dsorthp( len, 1, xc[ i ], 1 );
if ( isnan( y[ i%len ] ) ) {
b.fail( 'should not return NaN' );
}
}
b.toc();
if ( isnan( y[ i%len ] ) ) {
b.fail( 'should not return NaN' );
}
b.pass( 'benchmark finished' );
b.end();
}
}
// MAIN //
function main() {
var bopts;
var len;
var min;
var max;
var f;
var i;
min = 1; // 10^min
max = 5; // 10^max
for ( i = min; i <= max; i++ ) {
len = pow( 10, i );
bopts = {
'skip': opts.skip,
'iterations': 1e7 / len
};
f = createBenchmark( bopts.iterations, len );
bench( pkg+'::native,sorted,random:len='+len, bopts, f );
}
}
main();
``` |
```c++
/*
*
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
* copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
* to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
* the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
* and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
* Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
*
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
* all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
* THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
* FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
* DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
*/
#include "PyTensorNet.h"
#include "PyDepthNet.h"
#include "depthNet.h"
#include "logging.h"
#include "../../utils/python/bindings/PyCUDA.h"
typedef struct {
PyTensorNet_Object base;
depthNet* net; // object instance
PyObject* depthField; // depth field cudaImage
} PyDepthNet_Object;
#define DOC_DEPTHNET "Mono depth estimation DNN - performs depth mapping on monocular images\n\n" \
"Examples (jetson-inference/python/examples)\n" \
" depthnet.py\n\n" \
"__init__(...)\n" \
" Loads a mono depth estimation model.\n\n" \
" Parameters:\n" \
" network (string) -- name of a built-in network to use,\n" \
" see below for available options.\n\n" \
" argv (strings) -- command line arguments passed to depthNet,\n" \
" see below for available options.\n\n" \
DEPTHNET_USAGE_STRING
// Init
static int PyDepthNet_Init( PyDepthNet_Object* self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds )
{
LogDebug(LOG_PY_INFERENCE "PyDepthNet_Init()\n");
// parse arguments
PyObject* argList = NULL;
const char* network = "fcn-mobilenet";
static char* kwlist[] = {"network", "argv", NULL};
if( !PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, "|sO", kwlist, &network, &argList))
return -1;
// determine whether to use argv or built-in network
if( argList != NULL && PyList_Check(argList) && PyList_Size(argList) > 0 )
{
LogDebug(LOG_PY_INFERENCE "depthNet loading network using argv command line params\n");
// parse the python list into char**
const size_t argc = PyList_Size(argList);
if( argc == 0 )
{
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_Exception, LOG_PY_INFERENCE "depthNet.__init()__ argv list was empty");
return -1;
}
char** argv = (char**)malloc(sizeof(char*) * argc);
if( !argv )
{
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_MemoryError, LOG_PY_INFERENCE "depthNet.__init()__ failed to malloc memory for argv list");
return -1;
}
for( size_t n=0; n < argc; n++ )
{
PyObject* item = PyList_GetItem(argList, n);
if( !PyArg_Parse(item, "s", &argv[n]) )
{
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_Exception, LOG_PY_INFERENCE "depthNet.__init()__ failed to parse argv list");
return -1;
}
LogDebug(LOG_PY_INFERENCE "depthNet.__init__() argv[%zu] = '%s'\n", n, argv[n]);
}
// load the network using (argc, argv)
Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
self->net = depthNet::Create(argc, argv);
Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
// free the arguments array
free(argv);
}
else
{
LogDebug(LOG_PY_INFERENCE "depthNet loading build-in network '%s'\n", network);
// load the built-in network
Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
self->net = depthNet::Create(network, DEFAULT_MAX_BATCH_SIZE);
Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
}
// confirm the network loaded
if( !self->net )
{
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_Exception, LOG_PY_INFERENCE "depthNet failed to load network");
return -1;
}
// create an image capsule for the depth field
self->depthField = PyCUDA_RegisterImage(self->net->GetDepthField(), self->net->GetDepthFieldWidth(), self->net->GetDepthFieldHeight(),
IMAGE_GRAY32F, 0, true, false);
self->base.net = self->net;
return 0;
}
// Deallocate
static void PyDepthNet_Dealloc( PyDepthNet_Object* self )
{
LogDebug(LOG_PY_INFERENCE "PyDepthNet_Dealloc()\n");
// free the network
SAFE_DELETE(self->net);
// free the container
Py_TYPE(self)->tp_free((PyObject*)self);
}
#define DOC_PROCESS "Compute the depth field from a monocular RGB/RGBA image.\n" \
"The results can also be visualized if output image is provided.\n\n" \
"Parameters:\n" \
" input (capsule) -- CUDA memory capsule (input image)\n" \
" output (capsule) -- CUDA memory capsule (optional output image)\n" \
" colormap (string) -- colormap name (optional)\n" \
" filter (string) -- filtering used in upscaling, 'point' or 'linear' (default is 'linear')\n" \
"Returns: (none)"
// Process
static PyObject* PyDepthNet_Process( PyDepthNet_Object* self, PyObject* args, PyObject *kwds )
{
if( !self || !self->net )
{
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_Exception, LOG_PY_INFERENCE "depthNet invalid object instance");
return NULL;
}
// parse arguments
PyObject* input_capsule = NULL;
PyObject* output_capsule = NULL;
const char* colormap_str = "viridis";
const char* filter_str = "linear";
static char* kwlist[] = {"input", "output", "colormap", "filter", NULL};
if( !PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, "O|Oss", kwlist, &input_capsule, &output_capsule, &colormap_str, &filter_str))
return NULL;
// get pointers to image data
PyCudaImage* input_img = PyCUDA_GetImage(input_capsule);
if( !input_img )
{
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, LOG_PY_INFERENCE "failed to get CUDA image from input argument");
return NULL;
}
if( output_capsule != NULL )
{
const cudaColormapType colormap = cudaColormapFromStr(colormap_str);
const cudaFilterMode filterMode = cudaFilterModeFromStr(filter_str);
// get pointers to image data
PyCudaImage* output_img = PyCUDA_GetImage(output_capsule);
if( !output_img )
{
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, LOG_PY_INFERENCE "failed to get CUDA image from output argument");
return NULL;
}
bool result = false;
Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
result = self->net->Process(input_img->base.ptr, input_img->width, input_img->height, input_img->format,
output_img->base.ptr, output_img->width, output_img->height, output_img->format,
colormap, filterMode);
Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
if( !result )
{
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_Exception, LOG_PY_INFERENCE "depthNet.Process() encountered an error processing the image");
return NULL;
}
}
else
{
bool result = false;
Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
result = self->net->Process(input_img->base.ptr, input_img->width, input_img->height, input_img->format);
Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
if( !result )
{
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_Exception, LOG_PY_INFERENCE "depthNet.Process() encountered an error processing the image");
return NULL;
}
}
Py_RETURN_NONE;
}
#define DOC_VISUALIZE "Visualize the raw depth field into a colorized RGB/RGBA depth map.\n\n" \
"Parameters:\n" \
" output (capsule) -- output CUDA memory capsule\n" \
" colormap (string) -- colormap name (optional)\n" \
" filter (string) -- filtering used in upscaling, 'point' or 'linear' (default is 'linear')\n" \
"Returns: (none)"
// Visualize
static PyObject* PyDepthNet_Visualize( PyDepthNet_Object* self, PyObject* args, PyObject *kwds )
{
if( !self || !self->net )
{
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_Exception, LOG_PY_INFERENCE "depthNet invalid object instance");
return NULL;
}
// parse arguments
PyObject* output_capsule = NULL;
const char* colormap_str = "viridis";
const char* filter_str = "linear";
static char* kwlist[] = {"output", "colormap", "filter", NULL};
if( !PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, "O|ss", kwlist, &output_capsule, &colormap_str, &filter_str))
return NULL;
// parse flags
const cudaColormapType colormap = cudaColormapFromStr(colormap_str);
const cudaFilterMode filterMode = cudaFilterModeFromStr(filter_str);
// get pointers to image data
PyCudaImage* output_img = PyCUDA_GetImage(output_capsule);
if( !output_img )
{
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, LOG_PY_INFERENCE "failed to get CUDA image from output argument");
return NULL;
}
bool result = false;
Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
result = self->net->Visualize(output_img->base.ptr, output_img->width, output_img->height, output_img->format, colormap, filterMode);
Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
if( !result )
{
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_Exception, LOG_PY_INFERENCE "depthNet.Visualize() encountered an error processing the image");
return NULL;
}
Py_RETURN_NONE;
}
#define DOC_GET_NETWORK_NAME "Return the name of the built-in network used by the model.\n\n" \
"Parameters: (none)\n\n" \
"Returns:\n" \
" (string) -- name of the network (e.g. 'MonoDepth-Mobilenet', 'MonoDepth-ResNet18')\n" \
" or 'custom' if using a custom-loaded model"
// GetNetworkName
static PyObject* PyDepthNet_GetNetworkName( PyDepthNet_Object* self )
{
if( !self || !self->net )
{
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_Exception, LOG_PY_INFERENCE "depthNet invalid object instance");
return NULL;
}
return Py_BuildValue("s", self->net->GetNetworkName());
}
#define DOC_GET_DEPTH_FIELD "Return a cudaImage object of the raw depth field.\n" \
"This is a single-channel float32 image that contains the depth estimates.\n\n" \
"Parameters: (none)\n\n" \
"Returns:\n" \
" (cudaImage) -- single-channel float32 depth field"
// GetDepthField
static PyObject* PyDepthNet_GetDepthField( PyDepthNet_Object* self )
{
if( !self || !self->net )
{
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_Exception, LOG_PY_INFERENCE "depthNet invalid object instance");
return NULL;
}
Py_INCREF(self->depthField);
return self->depthField;
}
#define DOC_GET_DEPTH_FIELD_WIDTH "Return the width of the depth field, in pixels.\n\n" \
"Parameters: (none)\n\n" \
"Returns:\n" \
" (int) -- width of the depth field, in pixels" \
// GetDepthFieldWidth
static PyObject* PyDepthNet_GetDepthFieldWidth( PyDepthNet_Object* self )
{
if( !self || !self->net )
{
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_Exception, LOG_PY_INFERENCE "depthNet invalid object instance");
return NULL;
}
return PYLONG_FROM_UNSIGNED_LONG(self->net->GetDepthFieldWidth());
}
#define DOC_GET_DEPTH_FIELD_HEIGHT "Return the height of the depth field, in pixels.\n\n" \
"Parameters: (none)\n\n" \
"Returns:\n" \
" (int) -- height of the depth field, in pixels" \
// GetDepthFieldHeight
static PyObject* PyDepthNet_GetDepthFieldHeight( PyDepthNet_Object* self )
{
if( !self || !self->net )
{
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_Exception, LOG_PY_INFERENCE "depthNet invalid object instance");
return NULL;
}
return PYLONG_FROM_UNSIGNED_LONG(self->net->GetDepthFieldHeight());
}
#define DOC_USAGE_STRING "Return the command line parameters accepted by __init__()\n\n" \
"Parameters: (none)\n\n" \
"Returns:\n" \
" (string) -- usage string documenting command-line options\n"
// Usage
static PyObject* PyDepthNet_Usage( PyDepthNet_Object* self )
{
return Py_BuildValue("s", depthNet::Usage());
}
//your_sha256_hash---------------
static PyTypeObject PyDepthNet_Type =
{
PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)
};
static PyMethodDef PyDepthNet_Methods[] =
{
{ "Process", (PyCFunction)PyDepthNet_Process, METH_VARARGS|METH_KEYWORDS, DOC_PROCESS},
{ "Visualize", (PyCFunction)PyDepthNet_Visualize, METH_VARARGS|METH_KEYWORDS, DOC_VISUALIZE},
{ "GetNetworkName", (PyCFunction)PyDepthNet_GetNetworkName, METH_NOARGS, DOC_GET_NETWORK_NAME},
{ "GetDepthField", (PyCFunction)PyDepthNet_GetDepthField, METH_NOARGS, DOC_GET_DEPTH_FIELD},
{ "GetDepthFieldWidth", (PyCFunction)PyDepthNet_GetDepthFieldWidth, METH_NOARGS, DOC_GET_DEPTH_FIELD_WIDTH},
{ "GetDepthFieldHeight", (PyCFunction)PyDepthNet_GetDepthFieldHeight, METH_NOARGS, DOC_GET_DEPTH_FIELD_HEIGHT},
{ "Usage", (PyCFunction)PyDepthNet_Usage, METH_NOARGS|METH_STATIC, DOC_USAGE_STRING},
{NULL} /* Sentinel */
};
// Register type
bool PyDepthNet_Register( PyObject* module )
{
if( !module )
return false;
PyDepthNet_Type.tp_name = PY_INFERENCE_MODULE_NAME ".depthNet";
PyDepthNet_Type.tp_basicsize = sizeof(PyDepthNet_Object);
PyDepthNet_Type.tp_flags = Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE;
PyDepthNet_Type.tp_base = PyTensorNet_Type();
PyDepthNet_Type.tp_methods = PyDepthNet_Methods;
PyDepthNet_Type.tp_new = NULL; /*PyDepthNet_New;*/
PyDepthNet_Type.tp_init = (initproc)PyDepthNet_Init;
PyDepthNet_Type.tp_dealloc = (destructor)PyDepthNet_Dealloc;
PyDepthNet_Type.tp_doc = DOC_DEPTHNET;
if( PyType_Ready(&PyDepthNet_Type) < 0 )
{
LogError(LOG_PY_INFERENCE "depthNet PyType_Ready() failed\n");
return false;
}
Py_INCREF(&PyDepthNet_Type);
if( PyModule_AddObject(module, "depthNet", (PyObject*)&PyDepthNet_Type) < 0 )
{
LogError(LOG_PY_INFERENCE "depthNet PyModule_AddObject('depthNet') failed\n");
return false;
}
return true;
}
``` |
Fatih Karaca (; born 31 August 1985), better known by his stage name Mabel Matiz (), is a Turkish pop music singer-songwriter.
He chose his stage name from two different words that he was inspired by. "Mabel" is from the Turkish novel Kumral Ada Mavi Tuna by Buket Uzuner. It is the nickname of Tuna, who is one of the main characters. "Matiz" is a slang word in the old Greek language meaning "drunk". "Mabel Matiz" reflects his point of view about the world and life.
He has released five studio albums.
Musical career
He began releasing his own songs via Myspace in 2008. Turkish music producer Engin Akıncı noticed his songs and offered him an album. He released his first studio album, Mabel Matiz, in 2011 with Esen Müzik label. Except two songs, which were written by Birhan Keskin and Yalçın Tosun, all of the other pieces were written and composed by Mabel Matiz himself.
He released his second studio album, Yaşım Çocuk, in 2013 with DMC label. He covered popular Yıldız Tilbe song "Aşk Yok Olmaktır" in this album. Various songs from the album, including "Zor Değil", "Aşk Yok Olmaktır", "Yaşım Çocuk" and "Alaimisema" became popular hits and Milliyet Sanat awarded it as the "Album of the Year". He contributed in Aysel Gürel tribute album, Aysel'in, in June 2013 by performing Sezen Aksu cover "Sultan Süleyman".
Personal life
He grew up a son of a truck driver and Cyprus veteran father Ali, and housewife mother Maya. As a child, he suffered from a severe stutter that made it hard for him to express himself. However, he managed to overcome that by boosting his self-esteem through writing and music. By high school, he was even playing in a theater company. After completing his compulsory education in Mersin, he moved to Istanbul for university education and graduated from Istanbul University, Dentistry Faculty in 2008. He briefly worked in a healthcare clinic until advancing into music career. He is an LGBTI+ rights activist.
In memory of his parents, Mabel gave his mother's name to his 4th studio album Maya, while the song "Babamı Beklerken" ([while] waiting for my father) on the album is written for his father, who later died on 23 February 2019 at age 66.
In the Turkish literature section of the Higher Education Institutions Exam held on 27 June 2020, a total of 2 questions containing lyrics from Mabel Matiz's album Maya and the song "Fırtınadayım" were asked, which later caused a stir on social media.
Discography
Studio albums
Compilation albums
Singles
Other contributions
References
External links
Official site
Living people
1985 births
Turkish lyricists
Turkish pop singers
Turkish rock singers
Turkish-language singers
Turkish dentists
21st-century Turkish singers
21st-century Turkish male singers
Golden Butterfly Award winners |
```html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html dir="ltr" lang="en-US">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<title>A date range picker for Bootstrap</title>
<link href="path_to_url" rel="stylesheet">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" href="../../daterangepicker.css" />
<style type="text/css">
.demo { position: relative; }
.demo i {
position: absolute; bottom: 10px; right: 24px; top: auto; cursor: pointer;
}
</style>
</head>
<body style="margin: 60px 0">
<div class="container">
<h1 style="margin: 0 0 20px 0">Configuration Builder</h1>
<div class="well configurator">
<form>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4">
<div class="form-group">
<label for="parentEl">parentEl</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="parentEl" value="" placeholder="body">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="startDate">startDate</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="startDate" value="07/01/2015">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="endDate">endDate</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="endDate" value="07/15/2015">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="minDate">minDate</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="minDate" value="" placeholder="MM/DD/YYYY">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="maxDate">maxDate</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="maxDate" value="" placeholder="MM/DD/YYYY">
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<div class="checkbox">
<label>
<input type="checkbox" id="autoApply"> autoApply
</label>
</div>
<div class="checkbox">
<label>
<input type="checkbox" id="singleDatePicker"> singleDatePicker
</label>
</div>
<div class="checkbox">
<label>
<input type="checkbox" id="showDropdowns"> showDropdowns
</label>
</div>
<div class="checkbox">
<label>
<input type="checkbox" id="showWeekNumbers"> showWeekNumbers
</label>
</div>
<div class="checkbox">
<label>
<input type="checkbox" id="showISOWeekNumbers"> showISOWeekNumbers
</label>
</div>
<div class="checkbox">
<label>
<input type="checkbox" id="timePicker"> timePicker
</label>
</div>
<div class="checkbox">
<label>
<input type="checkbox" id="timePicker24Hour"> timePicker24Hour
</label>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="timePickerIncrement">timePickerIncrement (in minutes)</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="timePickerIncrement" value="1">
</div>
<div class="checkbox">
<label>
<input type="checkbox" id="timePickerSeconds"> timePickerSeconds
</label>
</div>
<div class="checkbox">
<label>
<input type="checkbox" id="dateLimit"> dateLimit (with example date range span)
</label>
</div>
<div class="checkbox">
<label>
<input type="checkbox" id="ranges"> ranges (with example predefined ranges)
</label>
</div>
<div class="checkbox">
<label>
<input type="checkbox" id="locale"> locale (with example settings)
</label>
</div>
<div class="checkbox">
<label>
<input type="checkbox" id="linkedCalendars" checked="checked"> linkedCalendars
</label>
</div>
<div class="checkbox">
<label>
<input type="checkbox" id="autoUpdateInput" checked="checked"> autoUpdateInput
</label>
</div>
<div class="checkbox">
<label>
<input type="checkbox" id="alwaysShowCalendars"> alwaysShowCalendars
</label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<div class="form-group">
<label for="opens">opens</label>
<select id="opens" class="form-control">
<option value="right" selected>right</option>
<option value="left">left</option>
<option value="center">center</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="drops">drops</label>
<select id="drops" class="form-control">
<option value="down" selected>down</option>
<option value="up">up</option>
</select>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="buttonClasses">buttonClasses</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="buttonClasses" value="btn btn-sm">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="applyClass">applyClass</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="applyClass" value="btn-success">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="cancelClass">cancelClass</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="cancelClass" value="btn-default">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</form>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4 col-md-offset-2 demo">
<h4>Your Date Range Picker</h4>
<input type="text" id="config-demo" class="form-control">
<i class="glyphicon glyphicon-calendar fa fa-calendar"></i>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
<h4>Configuration</h4>
<div class="well">
<textarea id="config-text" style="height: 300px; width: 100%; padding: 10px"></textarea>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript" src="require.js" data-main="main.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
``` |
HMS Seadog was a third-batch S-class submarine built for the Royal Navy during World War II. Completed in September 1942, she spent most of her career in Arctic waters, off Norway, but sank only one German ship in 13 patrols. In January 1945, she was redeployed to the Far East, meeting more success. On her first patrol in the area, the submarine rescued four American airmen. After two patrols, she and her sister ship sank five sailing vessels, two coasters, a barge, a tugboat and a Japanese tank landing ship. After the war ended, Seadog was sent back to England, placed in reserve, then sold for scrap in December 1947. She was ultimately broken up in August 1948.
Design and description
The S-class submarines were designed to patrol the restricted waters of the North Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. The third batch was slightly enlarged and improved over the preceding second batch of the S class. The submarines had a length of overall, a beam of and a draught of . They displaced on the surface and submerged. The S-class submarines had a crew of 48 officers and ratings. They had a diving depth of .
For surface running, the boats were powered by two diesel engines, each driving one propeller shaft. When submerged each propeller was driven by a electric motor. They could reach on the surface and underwater. On the surface, the third batch boats had a range of at and at submerged.
The boats were armed with seven torpedo tubes. A half-dozen of these were in the bow and there was one external tube in the stern. They carried six reload torpedoes for the bow tubes for a grand total of thirteen torpedoes. Twelve mines could be carried in lieu of the internally stowed torpedoes. They were also armed with a deck gun. The third-batch S-class boats were fitted with either a Type 129AR or 138 ASDIC system and a Type 291 or 291W early-warning radar.
Construction and career
HMS Seadog was a third-batch S-class submarine and was ordered by the British Admiralty on 2 April 1940. She was laid down in the Cammell Laird shipyard in Birkenhead on 31 December 1940 and was launched on 11 June 1942. On 22 September 1942, Seadog, under the command of Lieutenant Anthony Daniel, sailed to Holy Loch, where she was commissioned into the Royal Navy two days later. The submarine was named after a term for old seasoned sailors; thus far, she has been the only ship to bear the name "Seadog".
Between November 1942 and February 1943, Seadog conducted three patrols off Norway, protecting Arctic convoys to and from Northern Russia, but did not sight any potential targets. After her first patrol, the boat was commanded by Desmond Martin. Returning from these operations, the submarine docked in Ardrossan to have a Oerlikon light anti-aircraft gun added aft of the conning tower and additional equipment installed.
After her refit, Seadog departed port on 2 June 1943 on an anti-submarine patrol in Arctic waters, off Norway. After four days at sea, she sighted a Type IX submarine, probably the , but it dived before torpedoes could be launched. On 10 June, Seadog obtained an ASDIC contact with a U-boat and blindly launched a torpedo in its direction, but missed; it may have been the , which was sunk the next day by aircraft. Seadog returned from patrol on 18 June.
The submarine conducted another patrol in the Arctic, taking part in Operation Corncrake, picking up Norwegian commandos on the island of Spitsbergen, and missed another German U-boat. Seadog commenced another anti-submarine patrol on 3 August, this time in the Bay of Biscay. On 13 August, the submarine stopped and boarded the small French fishing vessel St. Moquet, interrogated its crew, and examined its papers. They then released the ship and were given 12 tunas, which "made a nice meal". The submarine then returned to England on 17 August.
Between mid-September and early December 1943, Seadog conducted three patrols off Norway, but was unsuccessful in spotting targets; during her first, she landed a relief force on Spitsbergen. The submarine departed on another patrol on 24 December, operating off Stadlandet, Norway, meeting more luck—after four days at sea, she sank the German transport Oldenburg with a full salvo of six torpedoes; a depth charge counter-attack by the ship's escort followed, but did not cause damage. Seadog later attacked two other convoys, but missed. Out of torpedoes, the boat returned to Lerwick, on 4 January 1944.
Far East
After two more patrols in the North, Seadog was redeployed to the Far East, passing through Gibraltar, Malta, and the Suez Canal. She arrived at Trincomalee, Ceylon on 17 January 1945, after which she briefly underwent training. A month later, the boat departed for a patrol in the Gulf of Bengal; on 26 February, she rescued four US airmen in the Bay of Bengal, and rendezvoused with a Consolidated PBY Catalina to transfer them. Seadog then damaged with gunfire and possibly destroyed a Japanese coastal trading vessel on 6 March, before returning to port on 12 March.
On her next patrol, the submarine sank a coaster with torpedoes off Ulèë Lheuë, Sumatra, and a sailing vessel near Sigli. After an uneventful patrol in the Strait of Malacca, Seadog started another patrol in the area, together with , on 18 July. On the 24 and 26 July, she sank two Japanese sailing vessels, and the next day she attacked and destroyed a Japanese tank landing craft with Shalimar. There is also a report of Seadog sinking the Japanese minelayer Kuroshio No. 1 on 27 July, but this is not mentioned in the submarine's log book. After sinking another sailing vessel in the evening, the two submarines went on to sink two coasters, a barge, two sailing vessels, and a tugboat, all with their deck guns, before returning to port on 12 August. Three days later, Imperial Japan announced it would surrender, and Seadog was sent back to Great Britain, passing through Suez and Gibraltar, and arriving on 18 October.
After the war, Seadog was placed in reserve, then was sold for scrap metal on 24 December 1947. She was broken up at Troon, Scotland, in August 1948.
Career Summary
During her service with the Royal Navy, Seadog sank 13 ships for a confirmed total of , plus an estimated 870 GRT of small Japanese ships.
Notes
References
British S-class submarines (1931)
1942 ships
World War II submarines of the United Kingdom
Royal Navy ship names
Ships built on the River Mersey |
John Bence (1622 – 4 March 1688) was an English merchant and politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1659 and 1688.
Bence was the eldest son of Alexander Bence of Aldeburgh, Suffolk and London and his first wife Anne Aylett of Rendham, Suffolk. He was baptised on 3 October 1622. He was a merchant trading with Portugal, Brazil and the Levant. In 1659, he was elected Member of Parliament for Aldeburgh in the Third Protectorate Parliament.
In 1662, Bence went into partnership with Sir Martin Noel as farmer of additional customs duties on wine, tobacco, silk and linen. He succeeded to the property of his father in 1663. He invested £1,500 in the Royal Adventurers into Africa Company, and became secretary of the company by 1665. He was commissioner for assessment for London from 1664 to 1680. He became alderman of London in 1664 and paid £720 to be excused from the office in 1665. He was assistant of the Worshipful Company of Grocers from 1664 to 1687. In 1665 he was appointed with his brother, Sir Alexander Bence of Dublin, as joint receiver of crown rents from all lands in Ireland returned to Roman Catholic proprietors or in which the Adventurers were concerned. He was warden of the Grocers Company from 1667 to 1668 and master of the Grocers Company from 1668 to 1669.
In 1669 Bence defeated Samuel Pepys, the official candidate, in a by-election at Aldeburgh for the Cavalier Parliament. He was assistant of the Royal African Company from 1672 to 1673 and commissioner for assessment for Aldeburgh from 1673 to 1680. In 1675 he was commissioner for recusants for Suffolk and was assistant of the Royal African Company until 1677. He became Deputy Lieutenant of London in 1676 until 1683 and became freeman of the East India Company in 1678. In October 1679 he was elected again as MP for Aldeburgh. He was assistant of the Royal African Company from 1680 to 1682. In 1681 he was re-elected MP for Aldeburgh. He was re-elected MP for Aldeburgh in 1685. In 1685 he was again assistant of the Royal African Company until 1687 but in 1687 was removed from the court of assistants of the Grocers’ Company.
Bence died at the age of 65.
Bence married firstly by 1653, Judith Andrews, daughter of Peter Andrews, merchant of London and had a son, who predeceased him, and a daughter, Rachel, who married Vere Fane, 4th Earl of Westmorland. He married secondly by licence issued on 10 December 1661, Joan Wood, widow of John Wood, merchant of London, and daughter of Sampson Cotton, merchant, of London. His cousin and executor John Bence was MP for Dunwich and Ipswich.
References
1622 births
1688 deaths
People from Aldeburgh
Politicians from London
Cavaliers
English MPs 1659
English MPs 1661–1679
English MPs 1679
English MPs 1681
English MPs 1685–1687 |
"Riding dirty" (or "ridin' dirty") is a phrase that refers to driving in an illegal way. Examples include driving without a valid driver's license, without mandatory registration, without the required vehicle insurance, with open containers of alcohol, or with illegal contraband such as drugs present in the vehicle.
It may refer to:
Ridin' Dirty, the 1996 album by UGK
"Ridin'" (2006), a song by Chamillionaire featuring Krayzie Bone with a refrain of "tryin' to catch me ridin' dirty" |
```scheme
;;; -*- Gerbil -*-
;;; vyzo
;;; string buffered io extension methods
(import :std/sugar
:std/error
(only-in :std/srfi/1 reverse!)
../interface
./inline)
(declare (not safe))
(export defstring-reader-ext defstring-reader-ext* defstring-writer-ext defstring-writer-ext*)
(defsyntax (defstring-reader-ext stx)
(syntax-case stx ()
((_ (method . args) body ...)
(with-syntax ((reader-method (stx-identifier #'method "BufferedStringReader-" #'method))
(unchecked-method (stx-identifier #'method "&BufferedStringReader-" #'method)))
#'(begin
(defstring-reader-ext* (method . args) body ...)
(export reader-method unchecked-method))))))
;; TODO implement with interface method infrastructure
(defsyntax (defstring-reader-ext* stx)
(syntax-case stx ()
((_ (method reader . args) body ...)
(with-syntax ((reader-method (stx-identifier #'method "BufferedStringReader-" #'method))
(unchecked-method (stx-identifier #'method "&BufferedStringReader-" #'method)))
#'(begin
(def (reader-method reader . args)
(using (reader : BufferedStringReader)
body ...))
(def (unchecked-method reader . args)
(using (reader :- BufferedStringReader)
body ...)))))))
(defsyntax (defstring-writer-ext stx)
(syntax-case stx ()
((_ (method . args) body ...)
(with-syntax ((writer-method (stx-identifier #'method "BufferedStringWriter-" #'method))
(unchecked-method (stx-identifier #'method "&BufferedStringWriter-" #'method)))
#'(begin
(defstring-writer-ext* (method . args) body ...)
(export writer-method unchecked-method))))))
;; TODO implement with interface method infrastructure
(defsyntax (defstring-writer-ext* stx)
(syntax-case stx ()
((_ (method writer . args) body ...)
(with-syntax ((writer-method (stx-identifier #'method "BufferedStringWriter-" #'method))
(unchecked-method (stx-identifier #'method "&BufferedStringWriter-" #'method)))
#'(begin
(def (writer-method writer . args)
(using (writer : BufferedStringWriter)
body ...))
(def (unchecked-method writer . args)
(using (writer :- BufferedStringWriter)
body ...)))))))
(defstring-reader-ext (read-line reader (sep #\newline) (include-sep? #f) (max-chars #f))
(let* ((separators
(cond
((pair? sep) sep)
((not sep) [])
(else [sep])))
(read-more?
(if max-chars
(lambda (x) (fx< x max-chars))
(lambda (x) #t)))
(finish
(if include-sep?
(lambda (chars drop) (list->string (reverse! chars)))
(lambda (chars drop) (list->string (reverse! (list-tail chars drop)))))))
(let lp ((x 0) (separating separators) (drop 0) (chars []))
(cond
((and sep (null? separating))
(finish chars drop))
((read-more? x)
(let (next (reader.read-char-inline))
(cond
((eof-object? next)
(finish chars drop))
((and sep (eq? (car separating) next))
(lp (fx+ x 1) (cdr separating) (fx+ drop 1) (cons next chars)))
(else
(lp (fx+ x 1) separators 0 (cons next chars))))))
(else
(raise-io-error strbuf-read-line "too many characters" x))))))
(defstring-reader-ext (read-available reader (start 0) (end #f))
(let* ((available (reader.available))
(available-end (+ start available))
(actual-end (if end (min end available-end) available-end))
(buffer (make-string actual-end #\space)))
(reader.read-string buffer start actual-end 0)
buffer))
(defstring-reader-ext (read-available-into reader buffer (start 0) (end #f))
(let* ((available (reader.available))
(len (string-length buffer))
(count (min available (- (if end (min len end) len) start))))
(reader.read-string buffer start (+ start count) 0)
count))
(defstring-writer-ext (write-line writer input (separator #\newline))
(let (result (writer.write-string input 0 (string-length input)))
(if (pair? separator)
(let lp ((rest separator) (result result))
(match rest
([char . rest]
(writer.write-char-inline char)
(lp rest (fx+ result 1)))
(else result)))
(begin
(writer.write-char-inline separator)
(fx+ result 1)))))
``` |
Alexandru Lazăr (20 February 1991) is a Romanian footballer who plays as a midfielder for Spanish club Recambios Colón.
Honours
ACS Poli Timișoara
Liga II: 2014–15
References
External links
Profile at liga1.ro
Footballers from Bucharest
Romanian emigrants to France
1991 births
Living people
Romanian men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Liga I players
Liga II players
FCSB II players
FC Viitorul Constanța players
ACS Poli Timișoara players
LPS HD Clinceni players
CS Concordia Chiajna players
FC Metaloglobus București players
Serie C players
ACR Messina players
Ontinyent CF players
Romanian expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Italy
Romanian expatriate sportspeople in Italy
Expatriate men's footballers in Spain
Romanian expatriate sportspeople in Spain |
Steamburg is a hamlet in the Town of Coldspring in Cattaraugus County, in western New York, United States.
Steamburg, in similar fashion to a few other communities in the region, has no incorporated government and is not currently recognized by the U.S. Census Bureau, though it was recognized as the, "Village of Steamburg," in the 1880 census. Its name is noted on road signs. It is served by a phone exchange (716-354) and ZIP code (14783) in common with the Town of Coldspring and the surrounding areas.
Background
The hamlet of Steamburg is marked as India Village on a Holland Land Company map dating to 1836. The hamlet's post office opened in 1861.
Steamburg serves as the western gateway to the Allegany Indian Reservation of the Seneca Nation of New York; as such, a few tax-free gasoline and cigarette shops can be found in the area. The Seneca Transit Service's bus service, founded in 2013, ends just south of Steamburg. The community is located at the eastern terminus of New York State Route 394, at I-86 exit 17. Also converging on the hamlet is New York State Reference Route 950A (West Bank Perimeter Road, a.k.a. Onoville Road), which approaches from the south, and Cattaraugus County Route 10 (Lebanon Road), which approaches from the north.
The government of the Town of Coldspring is situated in northern Steamburg, as is the Town's only formal religious institution, which until the late 2010s was a branch of the United Methodist Church. The northern part (the only part marked on road signs) is outside the reservation.
The southern part of the hamlet was developed for residential housing in the 1960s, with an acre per household, as a resettlement area to compensate some of the hundreds of Seneca displaced from their communities for construction of the Kinzua Dam and its reservoir, known as Kinzua Lake. It is located on the reservation. This is a center of the Coldspring Longhouse and has developed in a more conservative fashion since relocation in the 1960s. The tribe in the 1990s built the only medical clinic on the reservation in this community. The surrounding region also features the Highbanks Campground and the Faithkeepers School, both a short distance south of the residential areas.
Other Seneca were resettled to a new residential community, Jimerson Town, developed near Salamanca, New York. Designated as one of the two capitals of the Seneca Nation of New York, Jimson Town has been developed with more facilities, including schools, swimming pool, fire station and other amenities.
Notable residents
James Spencer Whipple, a New York.State Assemblyman and public official was born in Steamburg
Hamlets in New York (state)
Hamlets in Cattaraugus County, New York |
Barnab () is a rural locality (a selo) in Tlyaratinsky Selsoviet, Tlyaratinsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. Population:
Geography
Barnab is located 4 km southeast of Tlyarata (the district's administrative centre) by road. Cherel is the nearest rural locality.
References
Rural localities in Tlyaratinsky District |
James Hardin Peterson (February 11, 1894 – March 28, 1978) was a U.S. Representative from Florida.
Early life and career
Peterson was born in Batesburg, South Carolina. His family moved to Lakeland, Florida, in 1903, and he attended the public schools there. Peterson graduated from the University of Florida College of Law in 1914. He was admitted to the bar and was a law clerk in the General Land Office the same year. He entered private practice in Lakeland in 1915.
Peterson was city attorney of Lakeland, Florida, in 1916, 1917, and 1919–1932, of Frostproof, Florida from 1918 to 1929, of Lake Wales, Florida from 1920 to 1930, and of Eagle Lake, Florida from 1923 to 1933. Peterson served as a chief yeoman in the United States Navy from 1917 to 1919, during World War I. Peterson served as prosecuting attorney and county solicitor of Polk County, Florida from 1921 to 1932. He served as special counsel for the state Department of Agriculture from 1930 to 1932.
Congress
Peterson was elected as a Democrat to the United States House of Representatives from Florida's 1st congressional district in the 1932 election, defeating Herbert J. Drane, who had served in the United States Congress since 1917. He served in the 73rd Congress and the eight succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1933 to January 3, 1951). Peterson served as chairman of the Committee on Public Lands during the 78th, 79th, and 81st Congresses).
Peterson was not a candidate for renomination in 1950 to the 82nd Congress.
Later career and death
After leaving Congress, he resumed the practice of law in Lakeland. He served as special counsel for the Territorial Government of Guam, chairman of Commission on Federal Application of Laws to Guam, and chairman and vice chairman of the board of directors of the First State Bank of Lakeland.
Peterson died in Lakeland in 1978, and was interred in Roselawn Cemetery.
See also
List of members of the House Un-American Activities Committee
References
1894 births
1978 deaths
20th-century American politicians
People from Batesburg-Leesville, South Carolina
People from Lakeland, Florida
Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Florida
People from Polk County, Florida
Fredric G. Levin College of Law alumni |
```xml
import * as angular from 'angular';
import { IGraphHelper } from './GraphHelper';
import { ISiteCollections } from './../models/ISiteCollections';
import { IListCollection } from './../models/IListCollection';
import { IAnnouncements } from './../models/IAnnouncements';
import { IGenericCreateItem } from './../models/IGenericCreateItem';
export default class HomeController {
public static $inject: string[] = ['$rootScope', '$scope', '$http', 'GraphHelper', '$log'];
public hello: any = require('hellojs');
// public variables
public displayName: string;
public vwSC: boolean = false;
public vwLsts: boolean = false;
public vwLstItm: boolean = false;
public vwCreateItem: boolean = false;
public siteCollection: Array<ISiteCollections>;
public listCollection: Array<IListCollection>;
public itemCollection: Array<IAnnouncements>;
public createItemTitle: string;
// private variables
private _siteId: string;
private _listId: string;
constructor(private $rootScope: angular.IRootScopeService, private $scope: angular.IScope,
private $http: angular.IHttpService, private graphHelper: IGraphHelper, private $log: angular.ILogService){
this._initAuth();
}
private _initAuth(): void {
if (localStorage.getItem('auth')){
this._processAuth();
}
else {
let auth: any = this.hello('aad').getAuthResponse();
if (auth != null){
localStorage.setItem('auth', angular.toJson(auth));
this._processAuth();
}
}
}
private _processAuth(){
let auth: any = angular.fromJson(localStorage.getItem('auth'));
let expiration: Date = new Date();
expiration.setTime((auth.expires - 300) * 1000);
if (expiration > new Date()){
this.$http.defaults.headers.common.Authorization = 'Bearer ' + auth.access_token;
this.$http.defaults.headers.common.SampleID = 'angular-connect-rest-sharepoint';
if (localStorage.getItem('user') === null){
this.graphHelper.me().then((results: any): void => {
let user = results.data;
localStorage.setItem('user', angular.toJson(user));
this.displayName = user.displayName;
});
}
else {
let user = angular.fromJson(localStorage.getItem('user'));
this.displayName = user.displayName;
}
}
}
public isAuthenticated(): boolean {
return localStorage.getItem('user') !== null;
}
public login(): void {
this.graphHelper.login();
}
public logout(): void {
this.graphHelper.logout();
}
// Get's SharePoint's Root Site Collection for now
// until Microsoft Graph is updated. Then it will be a list of sites
public getSites(): void {
// Check token expiry. If the token is valid for another 5 minutes, we'll use it.
let auth: any = angular.fromJson(localStorage.getItem('auth'));
let expiration: Date = new Date();
expiration.setTime((auth.expires - 300) * 1000);
if (expiration > new Date()){
this.graphHelper.getSites().then((results: Array<ISiteCollections>): void => {
this.$log.debug(results);
this.vwSC = true;
this.siteCollection = results;
});
}
else {
// If the token is expired, this sample just redirects the user to sign in.
this.graphHelper.login();
}
}
public getLists(siteId: string): void {
let auth: any = angular.fromJson(localStorage.getItem('auth'));
let expiration: Date = new Date();
expiration.setTime((auth.expires - 300) * 1000);
if (expiration > new Date()){
this.graphHelper.getLists(siteId).then((results: Array<IListCollection>): void => {
this.$log.debug(results);
this.vwSC = false;
this.vwLsts = true;
this.listCollection = results;
this._siteId = siteId;
});
}
else {
this.graphHelper.login();
}
}
public getListItems(listId: string): void {
let auth: any = angular.fromJson(localStorage.getItem('auth'));
let expiration: Date = new Date();
expiration.setTime((auth.expires - 300) * 1000);
if (expiration > new Date()){
this.graphHelper.getListItems(this._siteId, listId).then((results: Array<IAnnouncements>): void => {
this.$log.debug(results);
this.vwLsts = false;
this.vwLstItm = true;
this.itemCollection = results;
this._listId = listId;
});
}
else {
this.graphHelper.login();
}
}
public showCreateItemForm(): void {
this.vwLstItm = false;
this.vwCreateItem = true;
}
public createItem(): void {
let auth: any = angular.fromJson(localStorage.getItem('auth'));
let expiration: Date = new Date();
expiration.setTime((auth.expires - 300) * 1000);
if (expiration > new Date()){
this.graphHelper.createItem(this._siteId, this._listId).then((result: IGenericCreateItem): void => {
this.$log.debug(result);
this.graphHelper.updateItem(this._siteId, this._listId, result, this.createItemTitle)
.then((result: any): void => {
// item create was successfull so navigate back to list item view
this.getListItems(this._listId);
this.vwCreateItem = false;
this.vwLstItm = true;
});
});
}
else {
this.graphHelper.login();
}
}
public deleteItem(item: IGenericCreateItem): void {
let auth: any = angular.fromJson(localStorage.getItem('auth'));
let expiration: Date = new Date();
expiration.setTime((auth.expires - 300) * 1000);
if (expiration > new Date()){
this.graphHelper.deleteItem(this._siteId, this._listId, item).then((result: any): void => {
// delete item was successful so refresh the list items
this.getListItems(this._listId);
});
}
else {
this.graphHelper.login();
}
}
}
``` |
Pillman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Brian Pillman (1962–1997), American professional wrestler
Brian Pillman Jr. (born 1993), American professional wrestler
Charles Pillman (1890–1955), English rugby union player
Robert Pillman (1893–1916), English rugby union player |
Arena Santos is an indoor sporting arena located in Santos in São Paulo, Brazil, used for table tennis. The seating capacity of the arena is 5,000 people, and it was opened on 27 October 2010.
Arena Santos was the location for some of the matches of the 2011 World Women's Handball Championship.
References
Indoor arenas in Brazil
Sports venues in São Paulo (state)
Volleyball venues in Brazil |
Banangui, also spelled Banangi, is a village located in Haut-Mbomou Prefecture, Central African Republic.
History
An armed group raided Banangui and looted civilian properties on 12 March 2017. On 17 May 2017, LRA militias attacked Banangui. They abducted 16 people and looted food from the village. Later, four men escaped and LRA released all women hostages. On 22 November 2018, a clash between Anti-balaka and UPC caused the villagers to flee Banangui and seek refuge in Dembia.
Healthcare
Banangui has two health posts.
References
Populated places in Haut-Mbomou |
The Union City Historic District is a national historic district that is located in Union City, Erie County, Pennsylvania.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.
History and architectural features
This district encompasses ninety-six contributing buildings and one contributing structure that are located in the central business district and surrounding residential areas of Union City. The district includes commercial, residential, and industrial buildings that were built between 1865 and 1925 and designed in a variety of popular architectural styles, including Late Victorian and Colonial Revival. The commercial buildings are mostly brick two- and three-story buildings.
Notable buildings include the Hansen Building (1888), the Clement Lodge Building (1890), the I.O.O.F. Building (1889), the Union City Chair Company building (1907, 1911), the Mulkie House (c. 1905), the Westcott House (c. 1900), and the First Baptist Church (1923).
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.
References
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania
Colonial Revival architecture in Pennsylvania
Buildings and structures in Erie, Pennsylvania
National Register of Historic Places in Erie County, Pennsylvania |
```objective-c
/*
*
*/
#pragma once
#include <stdint.h>
#include "esp_err.h"
#include "esp_attr.h"
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
typedef unsigned (*bootloader_flash_read_status_fn_t)(void);
typedef void (*bootloader_flash_write_status_fn_t)(unsigned);
typedef struct __attribute__((packed))
{
const char *manufacturer;
uint8_t mfg_id; /* 8-bit JEDEC manufacturer ID */
uint16_t flash_id; /* 16-bit JEDEC flash chip ID */
uint16_t id_mask; /* Bits to match on in flash chip ID */
bootloader_flash_read_status_fn_t read_status_fn;
bootloader_flash_write_status_fn_t write_status_fn;
uint8_t status_qio_bit;
} bootloader_qio_info_t;
/**
* @brief Read 8 bit status using RDSR command
*
* @return Value of SR1.
*/
unsigned bootloader_read_status_8b_rdsr(void);
/**
* @brief Read 8 bit status (second byte) using RDSR2 command
*
* @return Value of SR2
*/
unsigned bootloader_read_status_8b_rdsr2(void);
/**
* @brief Read 8 bit status (third byte) using RDSR3 command
*
* @return Value of SR3
*/
unsigned bootloader_read_status_8b_rdsr3(void);
/**
* @brief Read 16 bit status using RDSR & RDSR2 (low and high bytes)
*
* @return Value of SR2#SR1.
*/
unsigned bootloader_read_status_16b_rdsr_rdsr2(void);
/**
* @brief Write 8 bit status using WRSR
*/
void bootloader_write_status_8b_wrsr(unsigned new_status);
/**
* @brief Write 8 bit status (second byte) using WRSR2.
*/
void bootloader_write_status_8b_wrsr2(unsigned new_status);
/**
* @brief Write 8 bit status (third byte) using WRSR3.
*/
void bootloader_write_status_8b_wrsr3(unsigned new_status);
/**
* @brief Write 16 bit status using WRSR, (both write SR1 and SR2)
*/
void bootloader_write_status_16b_wrsr(unsigned new_status);
/**
* @brief Read 8 bit status of XM25QU64A.
*
* @return Value of 8 bit SR.
*/
unsigned bootloader_read_status_8b_xmc25qu64a(void);
/**
* @brief Write 8 bit status for XM25QU64A
*/
void bootloader_write_status_8b_xmc25qu64a(unsigned new_status);
/* Array of known flash chips and data to enable Quad I/O mode
Manufacturer & flash ID can be tested by running "esptool.py
flash_id"
If manufacturer ID matches, and flash ID ORed with flash ID mask
matches, enable_qio_mode() will execute "Read Cmd", test if bit
number "QIE Bit" is set, and if not set it will call "Write Cmd"
with this bit set.
Searching of this table stops when the first match is found.
*/
extern const bootloader_qio_info_t __attribute__((weak)) bootloader_flash_qe_support_list[];
/**
* @brief Unlock Flash write protect.
* Please do not call this function in SDK.
*
* @note This can be overridden because it's attribute weak.
*/
esp_err_t __attribute__((weak)) bootloader_flash_unlock(void);
#if CONFIG_BOOTLOADER_CACHE_32BIT_ADDR_QUAD_FLASH || CONFIG_BOOTLOADER_CACHE_32BIT_ADDR_OCTAL_FLASH
/**
* @brief Enable 32bits address flash(larger than 16MB) can map to cache.
*
* @param flash_mode SPI flash working mode.
*
* @note This can be overridden because it's attribute weak.
*/
void __attribute__((weak)) bootloader_flash_32bits_address_map_enable(esp_rom_spiflash_read_mode_t flash_mode);
#endif
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
``` |
Karl Platen (6 March 1877 – 4 July 1952) was a German actor and cinematographer known for Girl in the Moon (1929) and M (1931).
Biography
Karl Platen was born as Carl Platen on March 6, 1877, in Halle an der Saale, Germany. He died on July 4, 1952, in Weimar, German Democratic Republic at the age of 75.
Selected filmography
Ein Ausgestoßener (1913, part 1)
Der Katzensteg (1915) - Pfarrer
Die Erben des Geizhalses (1915) - Pflegesohn von Riedel Hermann
The Japanese Woman (1919)
Hängezöpfchen (1919) - Prof. Hahnensporn
Das rosa Strumpfbändchen (1919)
The Boy in Blue (1919) - Alter Diener / Old servant
The Foolish Heart (1919, Short)
The Bodega of Los Cuerros (1919)
Madame Du Barry (1919) - Guillaume Dubarry
Der rote Sarafan (1919)
Seine Beichte (Bekenntnisse eines Lebemannes) (1919) - Diener Franz
Irrlicht (1919)
The Golden Lie (1919)
Die fremde Frau (1919)
Der Mitternachtsassessor (1919)
Only a Servant (1919)
Zwischen Lachen und Weinen (1919) - Prof. Brodersen
Love (1919) - Erster Sekretär bei Illing
The Fairy of Saint Ménard (1919)
The World Champion (1919)
Der Weiberfeind (1919) - Arnold Knutschke
The Last Sun Son (1919) - Prinz von Noowara
The Heart of Casanova (1919)
The Secret of the American Docks (1919) - Williams, Fakturist
The Commandment of Love (1919)
Devoted Artists (1919)
All Souls (1919)
Mary Magdalene (1920)
Graf Sylvains Rache (1920) - Kammerdiener Jean
Patience (1920) - Pfarrer
Im Wirbel des Lebens (1920)
The Princess of the Nile (1920) - Dr. Thesaurus
Kri-Kri, the Duchess of Tarabac (1920)
Der Schieberkönig (1920)
The Eyes of the World (1920) - Prof. Hanous
Fanny Elssler (1920)
The White Peacock (1920)
Der Henker von Sankt Marien (1920) - Stadtschreiber
Catherine the Great (1920) - Feldmarschall Schwerin
Anna Boleyn (1920) - Physician
President Barrada (1920)
Der langsame Tod (1920)
Materia - Club der Toten (1920)
The Bull of Olivera (1921) - De Barrios' Diener Lopez
Hannerl and Her Lovers (1921)
The Secret of the Mummy (1921) - Dr. Hollowan
Count Varenne's Lover (1921)
Susanne Stranzky (1921)
Hazard (1921)
Das Opfer der Ellen Larsen (1921) - Dr. Hennings, Arzt
Playing with Fire (1921)
Junge Mama (1921) - Kammerherr
The Inheritance of Tordis (1921) - Schuster
Der Silberkönig (1921, part 1-4)
Das gestohlene Millionenrezept (1921) - Kriminalbeamter
The Story of a Maid (1921) - Beamter
The Story of Christine von Herre (1921)
A Debt of Honour (1921) - Arzt
Destiny (1921) - the apothecary
Baron Bunnys Erlebnisse (1921, part 1)
Lady Hamilton (1921) - Kammerdiener des Königs
Mysteries of India (1921, part 1) - Rowlands Diener / Servant (uncredited)
The Eternal Struggle (1921) - Diener
The Passenger in Compartment Seven (1921)
Fridericus Rex (1922-1923, part 2-4) - Kammerdiener \ sFredersdorff
The Lost House (1922)
Dr. Mabuse: The Gambler (1922) - Diener Tolds (uncredited)
Maciste und die Javanerin (1922)
Im Kampf mit dem unsichtbaren Feind (1922) - Professor Curtius
Die fünf Frankfurter (1922) - Samuel
Tabitha, Stand Up (1922)
Jussuf el Fanit, der Wüstenräuber (1922)
Der Kampf ums Ich (1922)
Rivals (1923)
The Last Battle (1923)
Die Buddenbrooks (1923) - Pokurist
Tatjana (1923)
Warning Shadows (1923) - 2. Diener
His Wife, The Unknown (1923) - Sam
Die Radio Heirat (1924)
Steuerlos (1924)
The Secret Agent (1924) - Baumeister
Debit and Credit (1924) - Diener des Barons
Garragan (1924)
The Stolen Professor (1924)
Husbands or Lovers (1924)
Deutsche Helden in schwerer Zeit (1924) - Marschall Blücher
Lord Reginald's Derby Ride (1924)
The Wig (1925) - Der alte Diener
If Only It Weren't Love (1925)
The Venus of Montmartre (1925) - Mon. Frossart
The Flower Girl of Potsdam Square (1925) - Vorsitzender
Express Train of Love (1925)
What the Stones Tell (1925)
The Dice Game of Life (1925) - Sein Diener
The Old Ballroom (1925)
The Telephone Operator (1925) - Jeff
Love Story (1925)
Shadows of the Metropolis (1925) - Diener bei Bernard
The Adventure of Mr. Philip Collins (1926)
Two and a Lady (1926) - Polizeirat Krag
People to Each Other (1926) - Gefängnisgeistlicher
Die Wiskottens (1926) - Vater Wiskotten
Trude (1926)
I Lost My Heart in Heidelberg (1926) - Georg Schröder - Corpsdiener
The Golden Butterfly (1926) - Ein Oberkellner
The Blue Danube (1926) - Florian Staudinger, Schuhmachermeister
Des Königs Befehl (1926)
Children of No Importance (1926) - Polizei
The Sweet Girl (1926)
Fadette (1926)
State Attorney Jordan (1926)
A Modern Dubarry (1926) - Diener
Wenn Menschen irren. Frauen auf Irrwegen (1926)
Violantha (1928) - Jeremias Zureich / Kneipenwirt / ihr Onkel
Love (1927) - Diener
The Man with the Counterfeit Money (1927)
The Mistress (1927)
Forbidden Love (1927) - Haushofmeister
Flirtation (1927) - Franz, Lobmeiers Diener
A Murderous Girl (1927)
On the Banks of the River Weser (1927)
Eva and the Grasshopper (1927)
My Heidelberg, I Can Not Forget You (1927) - Georg Schröder, der Vater
Grand Hotel (1927)
Storm Tide (1927)
Did You Fall in Love Along the Beautiful Rhine? (1927) - Dr. Birkel
Le roman d'un jeune homme pauvre (1927)
One Plus One Equals Three (1927) - Diener
Wer wirft den ersten Stein? (1927)
Der alte Fritz (1928, part 2) - Kammerhusar Strützky
Luther (1928) - Bruder Franziskus
Scampolo (1928) - Hotelportier
The Runaway Girl (1928) - Franz, Diener im Hause Thoms
Cry for Help (1928)
Love's Masquerade (1928) - Diener
In Werder blühen die Bäume... - Die Geschichte zweier lustiger Berliner Jungen (1928) - Droschkenkutscher Gustav
His Strongest Weapon (1928) - Anders, Mann mit dem Zigarrenladen
Sir or Madam (1928)
Rasputin (1928) - Sawely, der Diener
Her Dark Secret (1929) - Nachtportier
The Burning Heart (1929)
Asphalt (1929)
Miss Midshipman (1929) - Hauswart
The Hero of Every Girl's Dream (1929)
Foolish Happiness (1929)
Dawn (1929) - Berthold, ein Hauer
The Black Domino (1929) - Jean, Diener
Narkose (1929)
Madame Lu (1929)
Girl in the Moon (1929) - Der Mann am Mikrophon
Wenn du einmal dein Herz verschenkst (1929)
It's You I Have Loved (1929) - Kecgber
Roses Bloom on the Moorland (1929) - Schäfer
Nacht vor dem Tode (1929)
Don Manuel, der Bandit (1929)
The Immortal Vagabond (1930)
End of the Rainbow (1930)
Die Jugendgeliebte (1930)
Rag Ball (1930) - Karl
The Great Longing (1930) - Fridericus Rex
Die Lindenwirtin (1930) - Rektor der Universität Bonn
A Student's Song of Heidelberg (1930)
Love's Carnival (1930)
Wie werde ich reich und glücklich? (1930)
The Land of Smiles (1930) - Eine alte Exzellenz / ein alter Chinese in der Operette
Two People (1930) - Der Diener Florian
Road to Rio (1931)
Student Life in Merry Springtime (1931) - Der Professor
Her Grace Commands (1931) - Kammerdiener
M (1931) - Damowitz
The Golden Anchor (1932)
Durchlaucht amüsiert sich (1932) - Zeremonienmeister
The Countess of Monte Cristo (1932) - Nachtportier
The Dancer of Sanssouci (1932) - Fredersdorff
Theodor Körner (1932)
Eine von uns (1932)
Spell of the Looking Glass (1932) - Lehmkuhl, Chefarzt im Gefängnislazarett
Das Lied der Schwarzen Berge (1933)
Anna and Elizabeth (1933) - Dorfarzt
The Testament of Dr. Mabuse (1933)
Glück im Schloß (1933) - Haushofmeister Hofbauer
Du sollst nicht begehren... (1933) - Der Pfarrer
The Love Hotel (1933) - Arzt
The Voice of Love (1934) - Der Korrepetitor
Elisabeth and the Fool (1934) - Ein Kanzleischreiber
Such a Rascal (1934) - Oertel, Pedell
Es tut sich was um Mitternacht (1934) - Gastwirt
The Black Whale (1934) - Ein alter Schiffer
The World Without a Mask (1934)
My Heart Calls You (1934)
Gypsy Blood (1934) - Zweiter Geiger
Hanneles Himmelfahrt (1934) - Pleschke
Music in the Blood (1934)
Master of the World (1934) - Diener Josef
Schwarzer Jäger Johanna (1934)
Miss Liselott (1934) - Diener bei Osterloh
Polish Blood (1934) - Constanty
The Last Waltz (1934) - Grischa, Diener
Invitation to the Dance (1934) - Schneider-Kakadu
Hearts are Trumps (1934) - Ein Diener
Don't Lose Heart, Suzanne! (1935)
Ein falscher Fuffziger (1935) - Kampe, Kassierer
Knockout (1935) - Der Inspizient
An Ideal Husband (1935) - Phips, Diener bei Goring
Liebesträume (1935) - Jancsi, Diener bei Duday
The Young Count (1935) - Professor Dodereit
Der schüchterne Casanova (1936)
Paul and Pauline (1936)
The Hour of Temptation (1936) - Logenschließer in der Oper
The Beggar Student (1936) - Stefan, Diener der Gräfin
Männer vor der Ehe (1936)
Ave Maria (1936) - Theaterinspizient
The Unknown (1936) - Diener bei Platen
The Night With the Emperor (1936) - Intendant des Erfurter Stadttheaters
Ball at the Metropol (1937) - Werner, Diener
Fridericus (1937) - Fredersdorf
His Best Friend (1937) - Beamter im Inseratenbüro
Love Can Lie (1937) - (uncredited)
Gabriele: eins, zwei, drei (1937) - Konsulatsdiener
Manege (1937)
The Irresistible Man (1937) - Mitarbeiter der Vallier-Werke
Monika (1938) - Diener
Das große Abenteuer (1938)
Petermann ist dagegen (1938) - Onkel Ernst' - Steward KdF.-Damper 'Der Deutsche
Rätsel um Beate (1938)
Faded Melody (1938) - Karl, Diener
The Secret Lie (1938) - Konzertsaaldiener
Grossalarm (1938)
Frühlingsluft (1938)
People Who Travel (1938) - Registrarbeamter
You and I (1938)
Napoleon Is to Blame for Everything (1938) - Angestellter im Pariser Theater (uncredited)
Dance on the Volcano (1938) - Prinz Louis Philippes Diener Theodor (uncredited)
Men, Animals and Sensations (1938)- Briefträger
Der grüne Kaiser (1939) - (uncredited)
Der vierte kommt nicht (1939)
Robert Koch (1939) - Herr Kruhlke
Brand im Ozean (1939) - Diener Pueblo
We Danced Around the World (1939) - Werner, Sekretär
(1940) - Lemoniers Diener
Fahrt ins Leben (1940) - Pfandleiher
(1941) - Regisseur am Apollo-Theater (uncredited)
Tanz mit dem Kaiser (1941)
Sonntagskinder (1941) - Oberkellner Max
Rembrandt (1942)
Diesel (1942) - Der Büroangestellte im Vorraum bei Krupp
Meine Frau Teresa (1942)
Du gehörst zu mir (1943)
The Eternal Tone (1943) - Diener
Romance in a Minor Key (1943) - Michael's servant
Kollege kommt gleich (1943) - Ein bei der Damenwahl erwählter Tänzer
Die Feuerzangenbowle (1944) - Minor Role (uncredited)
Das schwarze Schaf (1944)
The Man in the Saddle (1945) - Gastwirt
Free Land (1946)
Der Posaunist (1949) - Franz Bittrich, 1. Posaunist (final film role)
Bibliography
Jung, Uli & Schatzberg, Walter. Beyond Caligari: The Films of Robert Wiene. Berghahn Books, 1999.
External links
1877 births
1952 deaths
German male film actors
German male silent film actors
Actors from Halle (Saale)
20th-century German male actors |
Cramond Kirk is a church situated in the middle area Cramond parish, in the north west of Edinburgh, Scotland. Built on the site of an old Roman fort, parts of the Cramond Kirk building date back to the fourteenth century and the church tower is considered to be the oldest part.
Next door to the Kirk there is the Manse which has been a home for the Minister of Cramond Kirk for centuries. The existing Manse was constructed in three parts, as extensions were needed to the original building.
History
The pre-Reformation church was dedicated to St Columba and fell under the control of the Bishop of Dunkeld rather than the much closer religious centres of Holyrood Abbey or St Cuthberts (both in Edinburgh]].
The existing church mainly dates from 1656 but incorporates a 15th-century tower and stands on the site of a medieval church which had become ruinous by 1500. It was used from 1573 onwards. However, it is noteworthy that the said medieval church stood on the site of the temple within the former Roman fort at Cramond. The latter (probably built around 100AD) was abandoned by the Romans around 300AD, however, all evidence would point to the Roman structure surviving and being rededicated to Christian worship at some point. Although not having a claim to "continuous use for Christian worship" it has had broken use as a place of worship for 1900 years making it one of the most significant religious sites in Scotland.
The church was enlarged in 1701, partly to incorporate the Barnton burial vault to the east. A castellated entrance porch was added in 1811 and a major remodelling was undertaken in 1828 by Edinburgh architect William Burn. A further remodelling took place in 1851 by David Bryce. In 1911 the church was lengthened and most of the internal structures of galleries etc. were rebuilt.
Ministers
1573 to 1575 - William Cornwall, reader
1575 to 1577 - George Lundie
1580 to 1581 - John Spottiswood
1582 to 1590 - Patrick Simson
1592 to 1631 - Michael Cranstoun, involved in the Union of the Crowns 1606
1631 to 1632 - William King MA (d.1632)
1635 to 1639 - William Colvill MA, translated to Trinity College Church
1639 to 1662 - William Dalgleish (1599-1676)
1663 (briefly) - John Hamilton of Blair MA translated to South Leith Parish Church
1664 to 1666 - Alexander Young translated to St Andrews, Bishop of Edinburgh in 1671
1666 to 1674 - David Falconer MA, later Professor of Divinity at the University of St Andrews
1675 to 1689 - John Somervill(e) (d.1692)
1689 to 1692 - John Hamilton MA
1694 to 1709 - William Hamilton became Professor of Divinity then Principal of the University of Edinburgh
1712 to 1730 - James Smith, translated to New North (St Giles) in 1730 and Moderator for that year
1731 to 1736 - Robert Hamilton
1737 to 1772 - Gilbert Hamilton DD Moderator in 1768
1773 to 1776 - Charles Stuart of Dunearn (1745-1826) son of the Lord Provost James Stuart of Binend and Dunearn
1776 to 1784 - Robert Walker
1785 to 1816 - Archibald Bonar
1816 to 1843 - George Muirhead DD (d.1847) left to join the Free Church of Scotland (as its oldest member)
1843 to 1877 - Walter Laidlaw Colvin DD (1812-1877)
1878 to 1887 - George Wilson
1884 to 1889 - John Webster DD (1827-1903) resigned
1890 to 1896 - Thomas Martin MA
1896 to 1907 - Alexander Miller MacLean
1907 to 1909 - James Alexander Milne (1869-1909)
1909 to ? - George Gordon Scott
References
Citations
Sources
External links
Church of Scotland churches in Edinburgh |
Sara Sheridan (born 7 June 1968) is a Scottish activist and writer who works in a variety of genres, though predominantly in historical fiction. She is the creator of the Mirabelle Bevan mysteries.
Biography
Born Sara Louise Goodwin, Sheridan comes from Edinburgh and was educated at Trinity College, Dublin. She is a former member of the Society of Authors Committee for Scotland and the Crime Writers Association. From 2009 to 2015 Sheridan sat on the board of writers' collective, '26'. She both managed and took part in the 26 Treasures projects which took place at the V&A, Kensington, the Museum of Childhood, Bethnal Green, The National Museum of Scotland, Edinburgh and the Museum of Childhood, Edinburgh. The resulting book, 26 Treasures won the Literature Category at the British Design Awards 2013. Sheridan also ran the organisation's annual charity advent calendar, 26 Stories for Christmas. In 2014 she actively campaigned in favour of Scottish independence and in 2016 supported the Remain campaign in the UK's EU Referendum. Sheridan has one daughter, Molly by her first marriage to Irish businessman, Seamus Sheridan. She married her second husband, Alan Ferrier in 2011 and the couple live in Scotland.
Work
Sheridan's first book, contemporary commercial fiction, Truth or Dare entered the Sunday Times top 50 when it was published in 1998. It was nominated for the Saltire Prize and was also listed in the Scottish Libraries Top 100 Books. In the successive two years Sheridan wrote two more novels in the same genre, Ma Polinski's Pockets and The Pleasure Express. During this period, she also co-wrote two short films, Fish Supper starring Lynda Bellingham and The Window Bed, which was nominated for a Sky Movies Max Award in 2001. She was then commissioned by specialist publisher Barrington Stoke to write a novella for reluctant readers, called The Blessed and The Damned.
In 2003, she switched genres to historical fiction and funded the move by ghostwriting. She now writes two series of historical novels: one based on the real lives of late Georgian/early Victorian adventurers (The Secret Mandarin – 2009, Secret of the Sands – 2011, On Starlit Seas – 2016, The Ice Maiden - 2018) and a series of 1950s cosy crime noir mysteries featuring her fictional ex-secret service heroine, Mirabelle Bevan (Brighton Belle – 2012, London Calling – 2014, British Bulldog – 2015, Operation Goodwood – 2016, Russian Roulette – 2017','Indian Summer – 2019. Highland Fling 2020 and Celtic Cross - 2021). The Mirabelle Bevan Mysteries were optioned by STV in 2015 but were not developed for television. In 2022 the series was longlisted for Crime Writers Association Dagger in the Library Award. In 2017 On Starlit Seas was shortlisted for the Wilbur Smith Adventure Writing Prize. In 2022 her novel The Fair Botanists won Waterstones Scottish Book of the Year. Sheridan has also written two children's picture books, (I'm Me – 2010) which was inspired by her relationship with her niece and a pan-European picture book written with her daughter, Molly (Monsters Unite - 2019).
Sheridan occasionally appears as a commenter on TV and radio in the UK. She has reported from both Tallinn, Estonia and Sharjah, United Arab Emirates for BBC Radio 4. She has contributed to several British newspapers, including writing blog articles for The Guardian in 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014. She has also appeared, talking about history and feminism on RTE radio in 2017 and 2018. In 2017 she wrote a Love Letter to Europe which was published on the cover of The National newspaper. In 2013 she appeared on The History of the Lady on BBC Radio 4's Woman's Hour. Sheridan also writes blog articles for the Huffington Post and occasionally writes for the BBC online and as a cultural commentator on BBC Radio Scotland.
Sheridan also writes TV-tie in books. One for the second series of ITV's hit drama series, "Victoria" based on the life of Queen Victoria (2017) and most recently for ITV's adaptation of Jane Austen's last, unfinished novel: Sanditon (2019).
She remapped Scotland for Historic Environment Scotland (Where are the Women? An imagined female atlas of Scotland - 2019), which was included in the David Hume Institute's First Minister's Summer Reading List 2019. The book is credited with inspiring Claire Mitchell QC to found the Accused Witches of Scotland campaign in 2019 to seek an apology and a pardon for Scotland's witches and raise a national memorial.
A portrait of her by Scottish artist Sophie Mckay Knight, the result of a creative collaboration, was featured by The Guardian Art & Design column in 2015 before going on to public exhibition in the National Gallery of Scotland.
In 2016 Sheridan co-founded REEK. with her daughter, make up artist, Molly Sheridan – a fragrance company that spoke out against the lack of female memorialisation throughout history and challenged beauty industry norms. REEK's fragrances memorialised 'heroic, unapologetic and passionate women from history to the present day' and its first scent was launched in 2016 in memory of the Jacobite women. It has been called the 'first feminist fragrance'. In 2017 the company launched an eau de parfum in celebration of the memory of witches. The company closed in 2020 and its artefacts were collected by the National Museum of Scotland and Glasgow Women's Library.
Bibliography
Mirabelle Bevan Mysteries
Brighton Belle (2012)
London Calling (2013)
England Expects (2014)
British Bulldog (2015)
Operation Goodwood (2016)
Russian Roulette (2017)
Indian Summer (2019)
Highland Fling (2020)
Celtic Cross (2021)
Other novels
Truth or Dare (1998)
Ma Polinski’s Pockets (1999)
The Pleasure Express (2001)
The Blessed and the Damned (2002)
The Secret Mandarin (2009)
Secret of the Sands (2010)
On Starlit Seas (2016)
The Ice Maiden (2018)
The Fair Botanists (2021)
The Secrets of Blythswood Square (2023)
Children's picture books
I'm Me (2010)
Monsters Unite (2019)
Non-fiction books
Victoria and Albert: A Royal Love Affair (2017)
Where are the Women? (2019)
The World of Sanditon (2019)
Short story collections and essays
Girls About Town (1999)
Sexy Shorts for Summer (2000)
Bloody Scotland (2017)
Imagine a Country (2019)
Noir at the Bar Anthology (2020)
Edinburgh Literary Salon (2021)
One City Trust Anthology (2021)
All the Way Home (2022)
Hot Blood, Cold Blood (2023)
References
External links
Sara Sheridan’s website
Scottish women novelists
1968 births
Scottish crime fiction writers
Writers from Edinburgh
Alumni of Trinity College Dublin
Living people
Scottish novelists
20th-century Scottish novelists
21st-century Scottish novelists
20th-century Scottish women writers
21st-century Scottish women writers
Women crime fiction writers
Scottish Jewish writers
Scottish Jews
Scottish republicans |
The Australia national cricket team toured South Africa from October to November 1921 and played a three-match Test series against South Africa. Australia won the Test series 1–0. Australia were captained by Herbie Collins; South Africa by Herbie Taylor.
Australian team
Herbie Collins (captain)
Tommy Andrews
Warren Bardsley
Hanson Carter
Jack Gregory
Hunter Hendry
Charlie Macartney
Ted McDonald
Arthur Mailey
Edgar Mayne
Bert Oldfield
Nip Pellew
Jack Ryder
Johnny Taylor
The Australians were on their way home from their five-Test tour of England. Their team was unchanged, except that Warwick Armstrong, the captain on the tour of England, did not go on to South Africa.
Test series summary
Australia won the Test series 1–0 with two matches drawn.
Match length: 4 days (excluding Sundays). Balls per over: 6.
First Test
Second Test
Third Test
The tour
All 14 of the Australian team played at least one Test in the series; South Africa also used 14 players.
References
External links
Australia in South Africa 1921-22 at CricketArchive
1921 in South African cricket
1921 in Australian cricket
Australia 1921-22
1921-22
International cricket competitions from 1918–19 to 1945 |
Jenico Preston, 7th Viscount Gormanston (born at Gormanston, County Meath 1631; died at Limerick 17 March 1691), was an Irish peer, Jacobite soldier and landowner.
Life
The elder son of Nicholas Preston, 6th Viscount Gormanston and Mary Barnewall, eldest daughter of Nicholas, 1st Viscount Barnewall by his wife Bridget, Dowager Countess of Tyrone, eldest daughter and co-heiress of Henry FitzGerald, 12th Earl of Kildare, he succeeded in 1643 to his father's title. In July 1647 Lord Gormanston is recorded as attending a Jesuit school at Kilkenny and went into exile with King Charles II in 1651 when his lands were confiscated after the Royalist and Confederate forces were defeated by Cromwell's forces. The Gormanston estates, held by his father before the Irish Rebellion of 1641, were restored to him in 1660 upon the Stuart Restoration.
Commissioned into the Irish Army in September 1685 as a lieutenant in the regiment of Colonel Richard Talbot, Duke of Tyrconnell, he was promoted captain in March 1686. He then successfully petitioned King James II to reverse his father's outlawry and also in 1686 was sworn of the Privy Council of Ireland. Appointed Alderman of Drogheda in 1687 and Burgess of Athboy in 1689 by Royal Charter, Viscount Gormanston served as Lord Lieutenant of Meath (1689–1691).
A member of the Irish House of Lords, he sat in the short-lived Patriot Parliament called by James II in 1689. Lord Gormanston was appointed a Commissioner of the Treasury in 1690.
Promoted lieutenant-colonel in the Irish Army, Lord Gormanston served at the battles of Cavan and the Boyne in 1690. On 17 March 1691 during the Siege of Limerick, the 7th Viscount died leaving no male heir, thus was succeeded in the family title by his nephew, Jenico Preston (1640–1697) as de jure 8th Viscount.
Married twice, firstly to Lady Frances Leke (who died without issue in 1682), daughter of Francis Leke, 1st Earl of Scarsdale, and by his second wife, Margaret Molyneux, daughter of Caryll, 3rd Viscount Molyneux, Lord Gormanston had an only daughter, Mary Preston (who married her cousin, Anthony Preston, de jure 9th Viscount Gormanston).
Posthumously indicted for high treason and declared an outlaw by decree of King William III on 16 April 1691, the viscountcy was thereby attainted (later restored in 1800).
See also
Gormanston Castle
Lodge's Peerage of Ireland
References
External links
www.nli.ie
www.patrickcomerford.com
1631 births
1691 deaths
17th-century Irish people
Irish Jacobites
Jacobite military personnel of the Williamite War in Ireland
Lord-Lieutenants of Meath
Members of the Irish House of Lords
Members of the Privy Council of Ireland
Viscounts in the Peerage of Ireland |
, also known as is a Japanese streamer, YouTuber, voice actor, singer and former professional gamer. He posts Let's Play videos on YouTube and Niconico, and perform as a tarento on video game-related programs. He uses the real name when acting as a voice actor.
Biography
Mokō was born on 15 November 1990 in Osaka Prefecture where he graduated from Nara Sangyo University.
On 2004, when Mokō was in the first-grade of junior high school, he was hospitalized for ulcerative colitis. On 2005, Mokō was left the hospital and attended the school, but he couldn't accustomed to the already formed circle of friends, so he left the classroom immediately after introducing himself and was truancy from the day. Mokō said that when he was truancy, he spent most of the time playing with Puyo Puyo and watching the Internet. Around this time, Mokō was active on the hikky (hikikomori) board on 2channel as . Also, it is recorded that Mokō was live streaming on FC2 Net Radio, and the videos is released charges fees on Mokō Channel.
On 2006, Mokō graduated from junior high school and entered upper secondary school correspondence education.
On 25 May 2009, when Mokō was in the first-grade of the university, he posted (Let's Play video of Pokémon Battle Revolution) as his first video as the name of Mokō on Niconico. By September 2010, he had posted fifty-five videos of the series, and he became a popular contributor with his frank words and actions.
On March 2013, Mokō graduated from the university. After graduating Mokō began to work as a systems engineer.
On 17 August 2013, Mokō opened his owned YouTube channel.
On 1 August 2015, Mokō retired from the systems engineer.
Mokō made his debut as a voice actor in the role of Savage in "MagicalStone", an online puzzle video game released in March 2016. On June 2017, Mokō made his debut as a voice actor under the name of Yutaka Baba in "Sengoku Genbu", a mobile game for the smartphone.
In the document written by the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications in March 2018, Mokō was mentioned as "a famous streamer from Niconico". On 17 April, Mokō was elected as one of the first eleven professional gamer of Puyo Puyo licensed by the Japan esports Union. However, Mokō calls himself "streamer" and "game streamer", because he is thinking that he is not a big wheel of a video game but a professional streamer.
On 10 August 2020, Mokō performed in the seminar planned by students "New Age of Medical Treatment and Video Games" at Tohoku University. Mokō expressed his own opinion about the future of medical treatment and video games on the live streaming on YouTube from his position that he is active as a professional gamer and a popular streamer, even though he is a patient with ulcerative colitis.
As of 2022, Mokō has retired from a professional gamer of Puyo Puyo.
References
External links
Mokō's user page on Niconico
Mokō's channel on Niconico
Gaming YouTubers
Japanese YouTubers
Japanese Twitch (service) streamers
Utaite
Japanese male voice actors
Japanese esports players
People from Osaka Prefecture
1990 births
Living people |
Jeremy Wooding is a British film director, producer and writer; he also directs for television. He is best known for his work on Burning Men, Blood Moon and Bollywood Queen.
Selected filmography
Bollywood Queen (2002)
Peep Show (2003)
Dani's House (2008)
The Magnificent Eleven (2013)
Blood Moon (2014)
Burning Men (2019)
References
External links
20th-century births
Living people
Date of birth missing (living people)
English film directors
English film producers
English screenwriters
English male screenwriters
English television directors
Place of birth missing (living people)
1969 births |
Thomas Morris (c.1754–1832) was an English architect and engineer. In 1784 he supervised the building of a dock at Glasson, on the River Lune.
In 1789 he became an engineer to Mersey Docks and Harbour Board, whilst at Liverpool, he was consulted regarding more docks at Glasson and completed Queens Dock.
He left Liverpool in 1799 to work at West India Export Docks in London.
He worked on the construction of All Saints Church in Poplar London between 1821-3. After his death, he was buried at the church.
References
Architects from Liverpool
English civil engineers
1832 deaths
Harbour engineers
Year of birth unknown
Year of birth uncertain |
Tip of the red-giant branch (TRGB) is a primary distance indicator used in astronomy. It uses the luminosity of the brightest red-giant-branch stars in a galaxy as a standard candle to gauge the distance to that galaxy. It has been used in conjunction with observations from the Hubble Space Telescope to determine the relative motions of the Local Cluster of galaxies within the Local Supercluster. Ground-based, 8-meter-class telescopes like the VLT are also able to measure the TRGB distance within reasonable observation times in the local universe.
Method
The Hertzsprung–Russell diagram (HR diagram) is a plot of stellar luminosity versus surface temperature for a population of stars. During the core hydrogen burning phase of a Sun-like star's lifetime, it will appear on the HR diagram at a position along a diagonal band called the main sequence. When the hydrogen at the core is exhausted, energy will continue to be generated by hydrogen fusion in a shell around the core. The center of the star will accumulate the helium "ash" from this fusion and the star will migrate along an evolutionary branch of the HR diagram that leads toward the upper right. That is, the surface temperature will decrease and the total energy output (luminosity) of the star will increase as the surface area increases.
At a certain point, the helium at the core of the star will reach a pressure and temperature where it can begin to undergo nuclear fusion through the triple-alpha process. For a star with less than 1.8 times the mass of the Sun, this will occur in a process called the helium flash. The evolutionary track of the star will then carry it toward the left of the HR diagram as the surface temperature increases under the new equilibrium. The result is a sharp discontinuity in the evolutionary track of the star on the HR diagram. This discontinuity is called the tip of the red-giant branch.
When distant stars at the TRGB are measured in the I-band (in the infrared), their luminosity is somewhat insensitive to their composition of elements heavier than helium (metallicity) or their mass; they are a standard candle with an I-band absolute magnitude of –4.0±0.1. This makes the technique especially useful as a distance indicator. The TRGB indicator uses stars in the old stellar populations (Population II).
See also
Asymptotic giant branch
Hess diagram
Red clump
Stellar classification
References
External links
Large-scale structure of the cosmos
Physical cosmology
Red giants
Standard candles |
The Nimelen () is a river in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It is the longest tributary of the Amgun, with a length of and a drainage basin area of .
The Nimelen flows across a desolate, uninhabited area where the climate is harsh.
Course
The Nimelen is a left tributary of the Amgun. It has its origin in the eastern slopes of the Yam-Alin, at the confluence of mountain rivers Mata and Seyamni-Makit. In the upper course the river flows roughly southeastwards within a narrow valley in the area of the Yam-Alin. The river channel is rocky, with frequent rapids.
After leaving the mountain area, the Nimelen flows first northeastwards across the Nimelen-Chukchagir Lowland and its valley expands. The river then bends and flows roughly southwards, while it meanders and divides into branches within a wide floodplain with marshes and numerous lakes. Finally it meets the Amgun to the northeast of imeni Poliny Osipenko, the capital of the Imeni Poliny Osipenko District, from the Amgun's mouth in the Amur.
Tributaries
The main tributaries of the Nimelen are the long Upagda and the long Kerby from the right, and the long Omal from the left.
Flora and fauna
The vegetation cover of the Nimelen basin is poorer in comparison with other areas of the region.
Lenok, taimen, grayling, Common bream, carp, burbot, Amur pike and crucian carp are among the fish species found in the waters of the Nimelen river.
See also
List of rivers of Russia
References
External links
Rivers of Khabarovsk Krai
Drainage basins of the Sea of Okhotsk |
```javascript
import Vue from "vue";
import VeLoading from "./src/index.js";
VeLoading.install = function (Vue) {
Vue.prototype.$veLoading = VeLoading;
};
export default VeLoading;
``` |
```xml
import {
type LogBase,
logger,
} from '@pnpm/logger'
export const packageImportMethodLogger = logger('package-import-method')
export interface PackageImportMethodMessage {
method: 'clone' | 'hardlink' | 'copy'
}
export type PackageImportMethodLog = { name: 'pnpm:package-import-method' } & LogBase & PackageImportMethodMessage
``` |
"If I Ain't Got You" is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Alicia Keys for her second studio album The Diary of Alicia Keys (2003). Inspired by the 2001 death of singer Aaliyah, the September 11 attacks, and other events in the world and in Keys' life, the song is about "how material things don't feed the soul". It was released as the second single from The Diary of Alicia Keys on February 17, 2004, by J Records. The single cover depicts Keys similarly to the subject of Man Ray's 1924 photograph Le Violon d'Ingres.
"If I Ain't Got You" peaked at number four on the US Billboard Hot 100 and became Keys' second consecutive R&B chart-topper, remaining atop of the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart for six weeks. The song received two nominations at the 47th Annual Grammy Awards (2005), for Song of the Year and Best Female R&B Vocal Performance, winning the latter. It was ranked at number 440 on Rolling Stones "Top 500 Best Songs of All Time". Since its release, Keys has said that it is one of her favorite songs.
In 2023 the song was reinterpreted in a classical version by Keys and Kris Bowers for Queen Charlotte: A Bridgerton Story Soundtrack, which the singer performed with a 70-piece orchestra of women of color.
Background and composition
Keys said that the idea of the song was inspired by Aaliyah's death: "The song idea came together right after Aaliyah passed away. It was such a sad time and no one wanted to believe it. It just made everything crystal clear to me—what matters, and what doesn't."
In September 2020, Keys revealed that she almost offered the song to Christina Aguilera, as the singer wanted to work with Keys. She eventually wrote the song "Impossible" for Aguilera's album Stripped.
There is a remix of the song that features additional vocals by Usher.
Commercial performance
"If I Ain't Got You" debuted on the Billboard Hot 100 at number sixty-four on the issue dated March 6, 2004, peaking at number four, four months later, on July 3, 2004. It spent twenty non-consecutive weeks in the top ten, one of the longest stays of any song that year and outlasting many number-one singles. The song topped the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs on May 1, 2004, and spent six non-consecutive weeks atop the chart. It was also successful on Billboard component charts, reaching number five on the Rhythmic Top 40 and number nine on the Mainstream Top 40. The single was ultimately placed at number three on the Billboard Year-End Hot 100 chart of 2004.
In the United Kingdom, "If I Ain't Got You" debuted and peaked at number eighteen on the UK Singles Chart for the week ending April 10, 2004. In late September 2009, the single returned to the chart at number fifty-four.
In September 2016, Keys appeared on The Voice as a coach, with a contestant singing the song, and it made a new entry into the R&B/Hip Hop singles charts, driving total sales up to 1.5 million units. By August 2020, the song had reached 4× Platinum certification.
Music video
The music video for "If I Ain't Got You", directed by Diane Martel, was filmed in Harlem, New York City, and features a cameo by rapper and actor Method Man as Keys' on-screen boyfriend.
Accolades
Track listings and formatsEuropean CD single "If I Ain't Got You" (Album Version) – 3:54
"You Don't Know My Name/Will You Ever Know It" (Reggae Mix) – 5:06European CD Maxi-single "If I Ain't Got You" (Album Version) – 3:48
"If I Ain't Got You" (Piano/Vocal Version) – 3:54
"You Don't Know My Name/Will You Ever Know It" (Reggae Mix) – 5:06
"If I Ain't Got You" (Video)European CD single (Remix) "If I Ain't Got You" (featuring Usher) – 3:52
"If I Ain't Got You" (Album Version) – 3:51
"If I Ain't Got You" (Piano/Vocal Version) – 3:51Japanese CD single "If I Ain't Got You" (Album Version) – 3:49
"If I Ain't Got You" (Piano + Vocal Only Version) – 3:49
"If I Ain't Got You" (Acappella Version) – 3:33US promotional CD single "If I Ain't Got You" (Radio Edit) – 3:48
"If I Ain't Got You" (Instrumental) – 3:48
"If I Ain't Got You" (Call Out Hook) – 0:10US 7" singleA. "If I Ain't Got You" (Album Version) – 3:48
B. "Diary" (Album Version) (featuring Tony! Toni! Toné!) – 3:43US 12" singleA1. "If I Ain't Got You" (Radio Mix) – 3:48
A2. "If I Ain't Got You" (Instrumental) – 3:48
B1. "If I Ain't Got You" (Radio Mix) – 3:48
B2. "If I Ain't Got You" (Acappella) – 3:36US / European promotional 12" singleA1. "If I Ain't Got You" (Main) – 3:48
A2. "If I Ain't Got You" (Instrumental) – 3:48
B1. "If I Ain't Got You" (Main) – 3:48
B2. "If I Ain't Got You" (Acappella) – 3:36Digital EP "If I Ain't Got You" (featuring Usher) – 3:51
"If I Ain't Got You" (Radio Edit) – 3:51
"If I Ain't Got You" (featuring Arturo Sandoval) (Spanish Version) – 3:51
"If I Ain't Got You" (Kanye West Radio Mix #1) – 3:47
"If I Ain't Got You" (Piano & Vocal Version) – 3:51
"If I Ain't Got You" (The Black Eyed Peas Remix) – 3:14Digital download'''
"If I Ain't Got You" (The Black Eyed Peas Remix) – 3:14
Personnel
Credits adapted from the liner notes of The Diary of Alicia Keys''.
Alicia Keys – piano, producer, background vocals, vocals
Katreese Barnes – background vocals
Tony Black – engineering
Kerry Brothers Jr. – digital programming
Fred Cash Jr. – bass
Darryl Dixon – horn
L. Green – background vocals
Steve Jordan – drums
Manny Marroquin – mixing
Hugh McCracken – guitar
Cindy Mizelle – background vocals
Herb Powers Jr. – mastering
Joe Romano – horn
Arcell Vickers – organ
David Watson – horn
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Decade-end charts
Certifications
Release history
See also
Billboard Year-End Hot 100 singles of 2004
List of Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks number ones of 2004
References
2000s ballads
2003 songs
2004 singles
Alicia Keys songs
Contemporary R&B ballads
J Records singles
Music videos directed by Diane Martel
Songs written by Alicia Keys |
Computer-aided lean management, in business management, is a methodology of developing and using software-controlled, lean systems integration. Its goal is to drive innovation towards cost and cycle-time savings. It attempts to create an efficient use of capital and resources through the development and use of one integrated system model to run a business's planning, engineering, design, maintenance, and operations.
Overview
Computer-Aided Lean Management (CALM) is a management philosophy that uses computational software to reduce risk and inefficiencies. CALM acts on uncertainties and business inefficiencies to increase profitability through the use of computational decision-making tools that enable opportunities for additional value creation. It is based on the application of software to enable continuous improvement through an Integrated System Model (ISM) of the business’s physical assets, business processes, and machine learning. This unique integration of software applications using lean principles was developed in the aerospace industry and has migrated to the energy industry.
The creation of an integrated system model removes the barriers posed by the silos or stovepipes inherent in the departmentalization of most companies. Integration enables lean uses of information for the creation of actionable knowledge. CALM strives to create such a lean management approach to running the company through the rigors of software enforcement. From this software enforcement comes clear policy and procedures that are adhered to, activity-based costing, measurement of effectiveness, and the capability of using advanced algorithms for dramatic improvements in optimization of resources. CALM creates business capabilities through software to enable technology application, streamlining of processes, and a lean organizational structure. The methodology is based on a commonsense approach for running a business, by measuring of actions taken and using those measurements to design improved processes in order to drive out inefficiencies.
History
CALM was inspired by lean processes and techniques that were already dominant management technologies with a wide diversity of applications and successes. Motorola and General Electric (GE) had been known for the concepts of Six Sigma; Boeing had been managing mass (using modular and flexible assembly options), and Toyota put it all together into a truly lean business through its Toyota Production System. Boeing in turn took the Toyota model and added computer-aided enforcement of lean methodologies throughout the manufacturing process.
One of the major sources for CALM's outgrowth was integrated definition (IDEF) modeling in aerospace manufacturing that was pioneered by the U.S. Air Force in the 1970s. IDEF is a methodology designed to model the end-to-end decisions, actions, and activities of an organization or system so that costs, performance, and cycle times can be optimized. IDEF methods have been adapted for wider use in automotive, aerospace, pharmaceuticals, and even software development industries. IDEF methods serve as a starting point to understand lean management through semantic data modeling. The IDEF process begins by mapping the as-is functions of an enterprise, creating a graphical model, or road map, that shows what controls each important function, who performs it, what resources are required for carrying it out, what it produces, how much it costs, and what relationships it has to other functions of the organization. IDEF simulations of the to-be enterprise have been found to be efficient at streamlining and modernizing both companies and governmental agencies.
Perhaps the best-developed evolution of the IDEF model beyond Toyota was at Boeing. Their project life-cycle process has grown into a rigorous software system that links people, tasks, tools, materials, and the environmental impact of any newly planned project, before any building is allowed to begin. Routinely, more than half of the time for any given project is spent building the precedence diagrams, or three-dimensional process maps, integrating with outside suppliers, and designing the implementation plan-all on the computer. Once real activity is initiated, an action tracker is used to monitor inputs and outputs versus the schedule and delivery metrics in real time throughout the organization. When the execution of a new airplane design begins, it is so well organized that it consistently cuts both costs and build time in half for each successive generation of airframe. And, of course, it is paperless. Boeing created a complex lean management process called 'define and control airplane configuration/manufacturing resource management' (DCAC/MRM). The process was built with the help of the operations research and computer sciences departments of the University of Pittsburgh. The manufacture of the Boeing 777 was ultimately a success, and it became the precursor to succeeding generations of CALM at Boeing. Boeing is four generations beyond that airplane now, and they have succeeded in cutting the time and cost for each new generation of airplane. Boeing’s successes in conversion from inefficient silos of manufacturing to a lean and efficient operation have become legendary.
The methodology of CALM has recently been applied to field orientated infrastructure based businesses with highly interdependent systems, such as electric utilities where a smart grid concept is being researched and developed. The management of infrastructure-based industries like oil, gas, electricity, water, transportation, and renewables requires massive investments in interdependent, physical infrastructure, as well as simultaneous attention to disparate market forces. In infrastructure businesses that manage field assets, uncertainty is the prime impediment to profitability, rather than the maintenance of efficient supply chains or the management of factory assembly lines. These businesses are dominated by risk from uncertainties such as weather, market variations, transportation disruptions, government actions, logistic difficulties, geology, and asset reliability. CALM has been applied to deal with these types of infrastructure based challenges.
References
Anderson, Boulanger, Johnson, Kressner (2008), Computer-Aided Lean Management for the Energy Industry,
Anderson, R. Boulanger, A, Johnson, J., Kressner, A,. Getting lean and efficient. Energy Biz Magazine – July/August 2006
Lean Energy Management – 12 Part Series – Oil & Gas Journal – Penn Well 2003–2007
Gross, P., R. Anderson, et al. 2007 Predicting electricity distribution feeder failures using machine learning susceptibility analysis – International Association of Artificial Intelligence.
External links
Lean Energy Initiative: "Lean Energy Initiative" – Columbia University – Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory
LAI: MIT – The Lean Advancement Initiative – lots of articles, manuals and case studies
AndersonBoulanger.pdf: "Chapter 1 of Computer-Aided Lean Management for the Energy Industry"
Boeing Frontiers on DCAC/MRM
Predicting Electricity Distribution Feeder Failures
Real-time Ranking of Electric Feeders using Expert Advice
Lean manufacturing |
CH, Ch, cH, or ch may refer to:
Arts and entertainment
Television channel (sometimes abbreviated as "ch." for television and cable stations)
Chaos;Head, a video game
Clone Hero, a clone game version of popular rhythm game series Guitar Hero.
CollegeHumor, a comedy website
E!, a defunct Canadian television system that went by the name CH from 2001 to 2007
Businesses
Bemidji Airlines (IATA code CH)
Carolina Herrera, a fashion designer based in New York
Columbia Helicopters, an aircraft manufacturing and operator company based in Aurora, Oregon, United States
In language
Ch (digraph), considered a single letter in several Latin-alphabet languages
Chamorro language: ISO 639 alpha-2 language code (ch)
Science and technology
Chemistry
The methylidyne radical (a carbyne); CH• (or •CH), CH3• (or ⫶CH)
The methylidyne group ≡CH
The methine group (methanylylidene, methylylidene) =CH−
Mathematics and computing
Chomsky hierarchy, in computer science, a containment hierarchy of classes of formal grammars
Continuum hypothesis, in set theory
Hyperbolic cosine, in mathematics, a hyperbolic function, ch(x) = cosh(x)
Curry–Howard correspondence, the relationship between computer programs and mathematical proofs
CH register, the high byte of an X86 16-bit CX register
Ch (computer programming), a cross-platform C/C++ interpreter
Contraction hierarchies, in computer science, a speed-up technique for finding shortest paths in a graph
Medicine
Cholesterol
Cluster headache
Congenital hypothyroidism, a condition of thyroid hormone deficiency present at birth
Cerebellar hypoplasia, characterized by reduced cerebellar volume
Cerebellar hypoplasia (non-human)
French catheter scale (Charrière), a scale for medical catheters, also abbreviated as Fr
Children's hospital
Military technology
Cargo helicopter (U.S. military helicopter alpha-numeric prefix)
Chain Home, a World War II radar array
Heavy cruiser (U.S. Navy ship code CH, standing for "Cruiser, Heavy")
In other sciences
Clay of high plasticity (USCS soil type CH)
Cassini-Huygens
Places
Confoederatio Helvetica, the formal name for Switzerland, Latin in origin
ISO country code for Switzerland
.ch, the Internet country code top-level domain for Switzerland
CH postcode area; the Chester postcode area in the UK
Chihuahua (state), the State of Chihuahua, Mexico
Conservation Halton, in Ontario, Canada
China (FIPS and NATO country code CH)
Chandigarh, a union territory of India
Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Other uses
Chain (length), a unit of linear measure in the Imperial system
Championship (dog), a dog qualifying for a championship at a conformation show, prefixed "Ch."
Christ's Hospital, Horsham, West Sussex
Companion of Honour, a British and Commonwealth honour
Chaudhary, an honorific used in the Indian and Pakistani Punjab regions
Metres above the Sea (Switzerland), an elevation reference system
The logo for the Montreal Canadiens ice hockey team
Adobe Character Animator, an Adobe software |
The Voice Senior was a German reality talent show created by John de Mol, based on the concept The Voice of Germany. However, participation is only open for candidates more than 60 years old. It began airing on December 23, 2018 on Sat.1, but after the second season the producers and the tv channel cancelled the show, due to low ratings.
There were four different stages to the show: producers' auditions, blind auditions, sing-offs, and finale. There have been two winners: Dan Lucas (64) and Monika Smets (68).
The show was originally presented by current hosts of The Voice of Germany, Lena Gercke and Thore Schölermann. The coaches were feature familiar faces from The Voice of Germany and The Voice Kids, including Mark Forster, The BossHoss, Yvonne Catterfeld, Sasha Schmitz and Michael Patrick Kelly.
The German version of The Voice Senior was the third version of The Voice Senior produced worldwide, after the original Dutch version and the Russian version.
Format
The show adopts the same format as The Voice of Germany, but only four episodes are planned.
Blind auditions
Similar to multiple The Voice versions, in the Blind Audition, the contestant sings in front of the coaches and the live audience in the studio. Since the coaches' chairs turn their backs to the stage, they can only hear and cannot see the contestant. By pressing the red button in front of them, the chair turns towards the stage, thus the contestant is chosen to join the coach's team. If a contestant receives more than one chair turn, he/she will have the right to choose which team they want to join.
The Blind Audition is taped at Studio Adlershof in Berlin.
Sing offs
In the second phase, the five contestants from each team perform a song. Only two of them are selected by their coach to advance to the final round.
Live finale
In the last phase, the live finale, the remaining two contestants in each team first compete against each other. The respective coach then makes the decision as to which artist moves into the top 4. Then the four remaining artists from each team sing a second song, and this time televoting determines who will be The Voice Senior winner.
Production
On December 17, 2017, Sat.1 announced they would produce a new singing competition for singers over the age of 60, entitled Talpa's The Voice Senior. On June 29, 2018, the coaching panel for the first season was confirmed with Mark Forster, The BossHoss, and Yvonne Catterfeld, all of whom have been coaches in the adult version, as well as Sasha Schmitz, who was previously a coach on The Voice Kids. On May 22, 2019, Michael Patrick Kelly was announced to make the switch from The Voice of Germany to replace Forster for the second season.
Hosts of The Voice of Germany Thore Schölermann and Lena Gercke, announced that they would also host The Voice Senior.
Coaches and presenters
Coaches
On June 29, 2018; the coaching panel for the first season was confirmed with Mark Forster, The BossHoss, Yvonne Catterfeld, all of whom have been coaches in the adult version; and Sasha Schmitz, who was previously a coach on The Voice Kids. On May 22, 2019, it was announced that Michael Patrick Kelly would not be returning as a coach on the ninth season of The Voice of Germany. Instead, he will switch to coach on the second season of this show, replacing Forster.
Presenters
Current hosts of The Voice of Germany, Thore Schölermann and Lena Gercke, appointed as hosts for the show.
Coaches and finalists
Winner
Runner-up
Third place
Fourth place
Winners are in bold, the finalists in the finale are in italicized font, and the eliminated artists are in small font.
Series overview
Season 1 (2018–19)
The first season of The Voice Senior in Germany premiered on December 23, 2018, and ended on January 4, 2019, with Mark Forster, Yvonne Catterfeld, Sasha Schmitz and The BossHoss as coaches and Lena Gercke and Thore Schölermann as hosts. The winner of the first season was Dan Lucas from team Sasha.
Season 2 (2019)
The second season premiered on November 24, 2019, and ended on December 15, 2019, with returning coaches Catterfeld, Schmitz, and BossHoss, along with new coach Michael Patrick Kelly. Gercke and Schölermann both returned as hosts. The winner of the second season was Monika Smets from team Sasha.
Reception
Ratings
References
External links
Official website
The Voice Senior on fernsehserien.de
2018 German television series debuts
2019 German television series endings
Sat.1 original programming
Senior 0
German-language television shows |
Justin Hawley McAuliffe (born October 7, 1987) is an American entrepreneur and philanthropist. He is the grandson of Barron Hilton and the great-grandson of Conrad Hilton, founder of Hilton Hotels. He is the founder and CEO of Acceleron Digital, a digital marketing agency.
Personal life
McAuliffe was born in New York City. He was raised in Greenwich, Connecticut, and is a graduate of Brunswick School. He is an alumnus of the Cornell University School of Hotel Administration.
Career
McAuliffe is the founder and CEO of Acceleron Digital, a digital marketing agency focusing on web development and online promotions. Acceleron is also a start-up factory that develops and launches internal businesses.
He is an entrepreneur, having worked on several start-ups in the past. He worked on the Ready, Set, Travel concept, an airport security-friendly toiletry kit for travelers.
In 2019, he joined the board of the Conrad N. Hilton Foundation, which employs him as a Program-Related Investment Analyst.
References
1987 births
American chief executives
Living people
Brunswick School alumni
Cornell University School of Hotel Administration alumni
Conrad Hilton family
Philanthropists from New York (state) |
Ada Broughton (1879–1934) was a British temperance campaigner, suffragette organiser and Labour councillor and alderman, prominent in Scotland in the Women's Freedom League, and in England in the Pembroke Chapel, British Women's Temperance Association, Women's Social and Political Union, and later in the Labour Party.
Early life
Ada Broughton was born in West Derby, Liverpool in 1879, the fourth of six children. After she left school, she worked as a cashier.
Political history
Broughton was assistant secretary to the West Bermondsey Labour party, serving the branch for 16 years when she died in 1934. She was previously a lead organiser of the woman's suffrage movement; for example, she travelled widely as the Scottish organiser of the Women's Freedom League and helped English branches to organise prior to the First World War and also led the British Women's Temperance Association in Northumberland.
Initial role in suffrage and temperance issues and arrest
The first record of her involvement in the suffrage movement is in the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU) Votes for Women newspaper where the programme of events lists her as one of two speakers at the Wellington Column in Liverpool on 17 July 1908.
Broughton with others in the women's suffrage movement (such as Anna Munro) and in church circles ( like the Scottish Christian Union) believed that temperance was morally as well as practically important to improving society, and that stronger alcohol control laws would be brought in, if women had the vote.
The Liverpool Daily Post quotes her as saying that there was 'one law for the poor' and that 'rich people would not allow public houses near them' but were content to draw dividends from those that existed in far too great numbers in the poorer quarters.'
In 1909, Broughton was one of nine women arrested and charged for causing obstruction outside the House of Commons. They had in fact been trying to hand a petition to the Prime Minister. In court, Broughton asserted that she had been deputed by the Women's Parliament to deliver it. During the altercation, Broughton was alleged to have knocked off a police constable's helmet. All the defendants were ordered to find a £10 surety for three months or to go to jail in the Second Division for one month; they all chose the latter option.
By the same year, Broughton was also Secretary of the Pembroke Social Reform League, and President of the Liverpool Women Workers' Federation.
Temperance was the subject of a talk she gave in 1913 at Brothock Bridge (Arbroath). Broughton and Miss Shennan also addressed the question of 'the sweating system' of workers. In July of the same year, Broughton's speech in Forfar was reported extensively in the local newspaper. She was said to have stated that women were not recognised as citizens and were not free women, but 'bond-women'. During the same campaign, Broughton 'painted the streets [of Montrose] white with votes for women'. This, and subsequent support from a police constable, sent to advise her that this was against local by-laws, resulted in a crowd of 800 gathering to listen to her and Miss Shennan speak.
During the summer of 1913, Broughton was a touring speaker in the annual 'Clyde Campaign' and the Women's Freedom League newspaper The Vote of 1 August 1913, notes that she spoke in Helensburgh and Gourock, and the following week she was made the organiser for 'Gourock and neighbourhood.'
In Townhill, near Dunfermline , she was 'the match' for a drunken man who had already knocked another speaker off her chair. Throughout the campaign, she was supported by Mrs Wattie, Jenny McCallum and Mr Michael Lee.
By September she was in the industrial Glasgow area of Govan, where she spoke at Govan Cross to a 'large and enthusiastic audience'.
In Fife, at another local landmark, 'the scene of many political meetings, quite big crowds took part in the debates'; namely the Reformers Tree in Cardenden, near Kirkcaldy, was the location for a meeting with a 'large and attentive audience'; followed by talks in nearby towns, resulting in a local branch being set up one week later.
In the latter part of 1913, Broughton was the organiser for WFL in the South Lanarkshire By-Election, speaking in (amongst other locations) Strathaven , Stonehouse, Lesmahagow and New Lanark. Even a snowstorm failed to stop her and her fellow speakers after addressing a meeting in Auchenheath, as she and the others walked 2 miles in the snow to their next meeting.
In 1914, Broughton made reference to the 'direct link' between women's vote and temperance laws in New Zealand during the course of a British Women's Temperance Association meeting in Cowdenbeath. Also the Albert Dock and Leith Walk in Edinburgh were open air locations where Broughton spoke in February 1914; the underlying theme was 'Keep the Liberals out'. In April 1914, Cupar and the surrounding area of Fife were 'covered in placards' by Broughton and Miss Bunten; East Fife was the constituency of the Prime Minister H. H. Asquith Several hundred female workers in Perth listened to Broughton during their dinner break when she held meetings outside local factories such as Pullars' Dye Works, Shields' and Campbell's in May 1914.
In the summer, Broughton was again 'organiser in charge' of the Clyde Campaign, visiting favoured holiday spots on the Clyde Coast from its base in Rothesay on the Isle of Bute during the months of July and August. Later in 1914, Broughton spoke at Abbey Close in Paisley on the subject of the Women's Suffrage National Aid Corps.
Developing WFL and temperance groups in England
Broughton also helped to re-establish local active women's suffrage groups in Liverpool in 1912, with Helah Criddle whilst Alice Davies was in prison. After holding several successful meetings, Broughton was appointed Honorary Secretary of the Liverpool Central Branch of the WFL. During 1915–16, with Isobel Buxton and Annie Marks, when the Pankhursts had refused to release control of funds or information to WFL from WSPU (which had stopped militancy on women's suffrage to support the war effort), Broughton continued to build up the local support. She spoke about 'The Economic Position of Women' in April 1915, at Walton Prince's Park branch of the Women's Co-operative Guild, and in Manchester explained about WFL policies at an 'at home' at the Higher Crumpsall home of Mrs Buckle, and addressed a large 'attentive' crowd at an open-air meeting in Sidney Street, with Janet Hayes. Broughton also spoke in Chester. Her involvement with temperance groups gave her an audience at the Liverpool Pioneer Lodge of the International Order of Good Templars to link 'The Temperance Movement and Woman's Influence' by going back into ancient history and looking up to date at other countries, arguing that women's suffrage was shown to support introduction of temperance legislation and also, as she expressed it, 'would protect the home'. Broughton was invited to speak to Girls' Clubs, for example, the Vauxhall Road club on 2 February 1915 and at Women's Guild and other groups across the city. She was also helping to start a campaign with Lillian Metge, who recognised her as an authority on 'the sober sex' and 'prohibition' and also had other activists (Dorothy Evans and Emily Davison) to launch a branch of the Women's Freedom League in Newcastle in 1917, of which Broughton became honorary press secretary and also addressed temperance groups in Alnwick and Tyneside Literary and Social Club.
Later political career
Broughton moved to London in 1919, and was elected to Bermondsey Council (with four other women) as a Labour member and party whip. And in 1922, though defeated at election, she was made Alderman, and chaired the Maternity and Child Welfare Committee. She was judged a 'forceful speaker' with strong views on women's empowerment through citizenship, and was chosen as the woman's organiser for the Independent Labour Party, and then in the Labour Party became Secretary of the local women's section.
In 1932, she was secretary organising a Children's Sports and Gala Day in Southwark Park, attended by 600 children, and had organised sweet treats for all to be provided by the Labour Co-operative Bakery and the Royal Arsenal Co-operative Bakery.
By the time of her death, she had served Bermondsey as a Labour Party officer for sixteen years.
Broughton died in Liverpool in 1934, after contracting Scarlet fever.
References
1879 births
1934 deaths
English suffragettes
Politicians from Liverpool
People from West Derby
English temperance activists
Deaths from streptococcus infection
Labour Party (UK) councillors in Liverpool |
Christopher William Hunnemann or Christopher Wilhelm Hanneman (May 1755 – 21 November 1793) was a British portrait painter.
Life
Christopher Wilhelm Hanneman was born in May 1755 presumably near Hanover where his father was a court physician. He joined the Royal Academy in December 1773 and three years later he was awarded the academy's silver medal. He established himself as a portrait painter creating a half length portrait for Sir John Soane in 1776 (Some say 1779), which he called Portrait of a Young Artist. He gained work copying paintings in the collection of George III including work by Thomas Gainsborough.
From 1777 he was a habitual exhibitor of his work every year at the Royal Academy. The work was usually in miniature but could be in oils or crayon.
Hunneman was living in Frith Street in Soho in 1790. He died in 1793 on 21 November in Soho. Causes of death are unclear, though some contemporary reports mention he died masturbating.
References
1755 births
1793 deaths
18th-century English painters
English male painters
18th-century English male artists |
A cuckoo filter is a space-efficient probabilistic data structure that is used to test whether an element is a member of a set, like a Bloom filter does. False positive matches are possible, but false negatives are not – in other words, a query returns either "possibly in set" or "definitely not in set". A cuckoo filter can also delete existing items, which is
not supported by Bloom filters.
In addition, for applications that store many items and
target moderately low false positive rates, cuckoo filters can achieve
lower space overhead than space-optimized Bloom filters.
Cuckoo filters were first described in 2014.
Algorithm description
A cuckoo filter uses a hash table based on cuckoo hashing to store the fingerprints of items. The data structure is broken into buckets of some size . To insert the fingerprint of an item , one first computes two potential buckets and where could go. These buckets are calculated using the formula
Note that, due to the symmetry of the XOR operation, one can compute from , and from . As defined above, ; it follows that . These properties are what make it possible to store the fingerprints with cuckoo hashing.
The fingerprint of is placed into one of buckets and . If the buckets are full, then one of the fingerprints in the bucket is evicted using cuckoo hashing, and placed into the other bucket where it can go. If that bucket, in turn, is also full, then that may trigger another eviction, etc.
The hash table can achieve both high utilization (thanks to cuckoo hashing), and compactness because only fingerprints are stored. Lookup and delete operations of a cuckoo filter are straightforward.
There are a maximum of two buckets to check by and . If found, the appropriate lookup or delete operation can be performed in time. Often, in practice, is a constant.
In order for the hash table to offer theoretical guarantees, the fingerprint size must be at least bits. Subject to this constraint, cuckoo filters guarantee a false-positive rate of at most .
Comparison to Bloom filters
A cuckoo filter is similar to a Bloom filter in that they both are fast and compact, and they may both return false positives as answers to set-membership queries:
Space-optimal Bloom filters use bits of space per inserted key, where is the false positive rate. A cuckoo filter requires space per key where is the hash table load factor, which can be based on the cuckoo filter's setting. Note that the information theoretical lower bound requires bits for each item. Both bloom filters and cuckoo filters with low load can be compressed when not in use.
On a positive lookup, a space-optimal Bloom filter requires a constant memory accesses into the bit array, whereas a cuckoo filter requires at most memory accesses, which can be a constant in practice.
Cuckoo filters have degraded insertion speed after reaching a load threshold, when table expanding is recommended. In contrast, Bloom filters can keep inserting new items at the cost of a higher false positive rate before expansion.
Bloom filters offer fast union and approximate intersection operations using cheap bitwise operations, which can also be applied to compressed bloom filters if streaming compression is used.
Limitations
A cuckoo filter can only delete items that are known to be inserted before.
Insertion can fail and rehashing is required like other cuckoo hash tables. Note that the amortized insertion complexity is still .
Cuckoo filters require a fingerprint size of at least bits. This means that the space per key must be at least bits, even if is large. In practice, is chosen to be large enough that this is not a major issue.
References
External links
Probabilistic Filters By Example – A tutorial comparing Cuckoo and Bloom filters.
Probabilistic data structures
Lossy compression algorithms
Hash-based data structures |
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