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Vagn Gylding Holmboe (, 20 December 1909 – 1 September 1996) was a Danish composer and teacher. Life Vagn Holmboe was born in Horsens, Jutland, into a merchant family of dedicated amateur musicians. Both parents played the piano. His father earned his living as a maker of colours and lacquers at Horsens . The Danish journalist Knud Holmboe was his elder brother. From the age of 14 Vagn Holmboe took violin lessons. In 1926, at the age of 16, he began formal music training at the Royal Danish Academy of Music in Copenhagen on the recommendation of Carl Nielsen. He studied under Knud Jeppesen (theory) and Finn Høffding (composition). After finishing his studies in 1929 he moved to Berlin where for a short period Ernst Toch became his teacher . During his time in the German capital he met the Romanian-born pianist and visual artist Meta May Graf (1910–2003) from Sibiu/Hermannstadt. She had studied at the Musikhochschule Berlin since 1929, with Paul Hindemith as one of her teachers . The couple married in 1933 and left Berlin for Romania, where they visited obscure and remote villages and studied Transylvanian folk-song . Subsequently, they moved to Denmark, settling in the capital, Copenhagen, in 1934. While his wife Meta gave up her musical career to pursue her passions in the visual arts, photography in particular, Vagn gave music lessons privately and began composing during this period. Many of the early compositions have never been performed. Similar to the research he had already done in Romania, he pursued his studies of folk-song with much field-work throughout Denmark including the Faroes and Greenland. Many overtly folk-linked compositions, including the Inuit Songs, are a result of these activities. From 1941 to 1949 he was a teacher at the Royal Institute for the Blind, and from 1950 to 1965 he taught at the Royal Conservatory in Copenhagen, being appointed a Professor there in 1955. Prior to that he had also worked as a music critic for the Danish daily Politiken from 1947 to 1955 . Vagn Holmboe's students included Per Nørgård, Ib Nørholm, Bent Lorentzen, Arne Nordheim, Egil Hovland and Alan Stout. Vagn and his wife Meta had bought a piece of land at Lake Arresø in Ramløse/Zealand in 1940, where they set up a farm, "Arre Boreale" (Latin for Northern Arresø), in the 1950s and spent the rest of their lives together there . Vagn Holmboe was a keen nature-lover who lived in the countryside until his death in 1996 and over the years personally planted 3000 trees on his land . Music Holmboe composed about 370 works, including 13 symphonies, three chamber symphonies, four symphonies for strings, 20 string quartets, numerous concertos, one opera, and the late series of preludes for chamber orchestra, as well as much choral and other music, in addition to some early works that never received opus numbers. His last work, the 21st string quartet, Quartetto sereno, was completed by his pupil Per Nørgård. Musical metamorphosis of thematic or motivic fragments characterize most of his works between the years 1950 and 1970; in this regard his music is similar to that written by Jean Sibelius earlier in the twentieth century. His earlier works show the influence of East European composers such as Béla Bartók; his work also shows the influence of Igor Stravinsky, Carl Nielsen and Dmitri Shostakovich. Major works (M.—Meta number—for Metamorphosis. Might also be said to be named after his wife, Meta May Holmboe... numbering system assembled by Prof. ) Symphonies: Symphony No. 1, 1935, for chamber orchestra, M. 85 Symphony No. 2, 1938–9, M. 107 Symphony No. 3, 1941, Sinfonia rustica, M. 126 Symphony No. 4, 1941, Sinfonia sacra for chorus and orchestra, M. 132 Symphony No. 5, 1944, M. 145 Symphony No. 6, 1947, M. 155 Symphony No. 7, 1950, M. 167 Chamber Symphony no. 1, 1951, M. 171 Symphony No. 8, 1952, Sinfonia boreale, M. 175 Sinfonia in memoriam, 1954–5, M. 185 Sinfonia I for strings, M. 194 Sinfonia II for strings, M. 196 Sinfonia III for strings, M. 200 Sinfonia IV for strings, M. 215 (Kairos) Symphony No. 9, 1967–9, M. 235 Chamber Symphony no. 2, 1968, M. 240 Chamber Symphony no. 3, 1969–70, M. 246 Symphony No. 10, 1970–2, M. 250 (premiered by the Detroit Symphony Orchestra under Sixten Ehrling) Symphony No. 11, 1980–1, M. 304 Symphony No. 12, 1988, M. 338 Symphony No. 13, 1993–4, M. 362 Concertos: Several (about twenty), including especially: Concerto for trumpet and chamber orchestra, with the orchestra consisting of two horns and strings- written in 1948, M. 157. Eleventh of a series of 13 concertos with chamber orchestra originally called "chamber concertos" Cello concerto, 1974–9, M. 273 Recorder Concerto, 1974, M. 275 Flute Concerto No. 1, 1975–6, M. 279 Tuba Concerto, 1976, M. 280 Flute Concerto No. 2, 1981–2, M. 307 String quartets: Twenty-one written (excluding numerous un-numbered student works): From No. 1, 1948–9, M. 159 to No. 20, 1985, M. 322 (this the last of four works representing the times of the day) (also a twenty-first, Quartetto sereno, completed by Per Nørgård) Some other works: Notturno for wind quintet, 1940, M. 118 Brass Quintets No. 1, 1961–2, M. 212, and No. 2, 1978, M.293 Requiem for Nietzsche for tenor, baritone, chorus, and orchestra, 1963–4, M. 219 Symphonic metamorphoses for orchestra: Epitaph, 1956, M. 189 (premiered by the BBC Symphony Orchestra) Monolith, 1960, M. 207 Epilog, 1961–2, M. 213 Tempo variabile (Changeable weather,) 1971–2, M.254 Two Sonatas for guitar, Opp. 141–2 Five Intermezzi for guitar, Op. 149 Commercial recordings of his symphonies by Owain Arwel Hughes are still available, as are recordings of his string quartets, chamber concertos, and some other works. His choral or brass music, or his wind Notturno from 1940 may be performed more often than his works for full or chamber orchestra. Private tapes exist of performances of Holmboe's music; these were made by Nikolai Malko and by Fritz Mahler among others. Bibliography Holmboe wrote several books, including Danish Street Cries: A Study of Their Musical Structure and a Complete Edition of Tunes with Words Collected before 1960, translated by Anne Lockhart for Kragen, , published 1988. Another is Experiencing Music. An English translation of this by Professor Paul Rapoport, formerly of McMaster University, published by Toccata Press in 1991 has in its paperback release. References External links Edition Wilhelm Hansen's Holmboe Page Brief biography with a review Vagn Gylding Holmboe. A short biography of the composer (in Danish). Portræt af komponisten Vagn Holmboe (1991). A portrait of the composer from 1991 (in Danish). 1909 births 1996 deaths Neoclassical composers Danish classical composers Danish male classical composers 20th-century classical composers Royal Danish Academy of Music alumni Pupils of Finn Høffding Pupils of Ernst Toch 20th-century Danish male musicians 20th-century Danish composers People from Horsens People from Gribskov Municipality
James Milton Battle (March 26, 1901 – September 30, 1965) was a reserve infielder in Major League Baseball. Listed at , 170 lb., he batted and threw right-handed. A native of Bailey, Texas, Battle played briefly for the Chicago White Sox during the season as a backup for third baseman Willie Kamm and shortstop Roger Peckinpaugh. In a six-game majors career, Battle was a .375 (3-for-8) hitter with one triple and one run scored without home runs or RBI. He also spent parts of seven seasons in the Minor leagues with the Longview Cannibals (1924-'25), Paris Bearcats (1925-'26), Little Rock Travelers (1927), Seattle Indians (1928), Waco Cubs (1928-'29) and Dallas Steers (1929), registering a .286 average (737-for-2573) with 23 homers in 594 game appearances. Battle died in Chico, California, at the age of 64. See also 1923 Chicago White Sox season References External links Baseball Reference – major league statistics Baseball Reference – minor league statistics Major League Baseball infielders Chicago White Sox players Dallas Steers players Little Rock Travelers players Longview Cannibals players Paris Bearcats players Seattle Indians players Waco Cubs players Baseball players from Texas 1901 births 1965 deaths People from Fannin County, Texas
Nephele funebris is a moth of the family Sphingidae. References Nephele (moth) Moths described in 1793 Moths of Africa
Kumarbi, also known as Kumurwe, Kumarwi and Kumarma, was a Hurrian god. He held a senior position in the Hurrian pantheon, and was described as the "father of gods". He was portrayed as an old, deposed king of the gods, though this most likely did not reflect factual loss of the position of the head of the pantheon in Hurrian religion, but only a mythological narrative. It is often assumed that he was an agricultural deity, though this view is not universally accepted and the evidence is limited. He was also associated with prosperity. It was believed that he resided in the underworld. Multiple Hurrian deities were regarded as Kumarbi's children, including Teshub, who he conceived after biting off the genitals of Anu. They were regarded as enemies. In myths dealing with the conflict between them Kumarbi fathers various enemies meant to supplant the weather god, such as the stone giant Ullikummi. Kumarbi was also closely associated with other deities who were regarded as the "fathers of gods" in their respective pantheons. As early as in the eighteenth century BCE, he came to be linked with Dagan, the head god of the pantheon of inland Syria in the Bronze Age. Both of them were associated with the goddess Shalash, and with the Mesopotamian god Enlil. From the sixteenth century BCE onward, and possibly also earlier, Kumarbi and Enlil were viewed as equivalents, though they were not necessarily conflated with each other, and could appear as two distinct figures in the same myths. A trilingual version of the Weidner god list from Ugarit presents both Kumarbi and Enlil as the equivalents of the local god El. A tentative restoration of a bilingual version from Emar might also indicate he could be associated with Ištaran. The worship of Kumarbi is attested from sites located in all areas inhabited by the Hurrians, from Anatolia to the Zagros Mountains, though it has been argued that his importance in the sphere of cult was comparatively minor. The oldest possible reference to him occurs in a royal inscription from Urkesh from either the Akkadian or Ur III period, though the correct reading of the name of the deity meant is a matter of scholarly debate. He is also already referenced in texts from Mari from the early second millennium BCE. Further attestations are available from Ugarit, Alalakh, and from the eastern kingdom of Arrapha, where he was worshiped in Azuḫinnu. Furthermore, he was incorporated into the Hittite pantheon, and as one of its members appears in texts from Hattusa, presumed to reflect the traditions of Kizzuwatna. A depiction of him has been identified among the gods from the Yazılıkaya sanctuary. In the first millennium BCE he continued to be worshiped in Taite, and as one of its deities he is attested in the Assyrian Tākultu rituals. He is also attested in Luwian inscriptions from sites such as Carchemish and Tell Ahmar. Multiple myths focused on Kumarbi are known. Many of them belong to the so-called Kumarbi Cycle, which describes the struggle for kingship among the gods between him and Teshub. The texts usually agreed to belong to it include the Song of Kumarbi (likely originally known as Song of Emergence), the Song of LAMMA, the Song of Silver, the Song of Ḫedammu and the Song of Ullikummi. Kumarbi is portrayed in them as a scheming deity who raises various challengers to depose or destroy Teshub. His plans are typically successful in the short term, but ultimately the adversaries he creates are defeated by the protagonists. Further texts argued to also be a part of the cycle include the Song of the Sea, the Song of Oil, and other fragmentary narratives. Kumarbi also appears in an adaptation of Atrahsasis, where he plays the role which originally belonged to Enlil. Myths focused on him are often compared to other narratives known from the tradition of other neighboring cultures, such as Mesopotamian Theogony of Dunnu or Ugaritic Baal Cycle. It is also commonly assumed that they were an influence on Theogony, especially on the succession of divine rulers and on the character of Kronos. Further works argued to show similar influences include the Phoenician History of Philo of Byblos and various Orphic theogonies, such as that known from the Derveni papyrus. Name In standard syllabic cuneiform, the theonym Kumarbi was written as dKu-mar-bi. A byform, Kumurwe, is attested in sources from Nuzi. In Ugaritic texts written in the local alphabetic cuneiform script it was rendered as kmrb () or kmrw (), vocalized respectively as Kumarbi and Kumarwi. A late variant, Kumarma, appears in hieroglyphic Luwian inscriptions, where it is rendered with the signs (DEUS)BONUS, “the good god”. The correct reading has been determined based on a syllabic spelling identified in an inscription from Tell Ahmar, (DEUS.BONUS)ku-mara/i+ra/i-ma-sa5. Kumarbi’s name has Hurrian origin and can be translated as “he of Kumar”. While no such a toponym is attested in any Hurrian sources, notes it shows similarities to Hurrian names from the third millennium BCE and on this basis proposes that it might refer to a settlement which existed in the early period of Hurrian history, poorly documented in textual sources. He suggests that its name in turn goes back to the Hurrian root kum, “to pile up”. Examples of other analogously structured Hurrian theonyms include Nabarbi (“she of Nawar”) and possibly Ḫiriḫibi (“he of [the mountain] Ḫiriḫi”). While it has been argued that Aštabi is a further example, his name was originally spelled as Aštabil in Ebla and as such cannot be considered another structurally Kumarbi-like theonym. Logographic writings According to Alfonso Archi, in a number of Hurrian texts Kumarbi’s name is represented by the sumerogram dNISABA. It was also used to refer to Dagan. Archi assumes both of these scribal conventions had the same origin. In Ugaritic and related dialects Dagan’s name was a homophone of the word for grain, with both written as dgn () in Ugaritic alphabetic texts, and the logographic writing of both his name and that of Kumarbi as dNISABA was likely an example of wordplay popular among scribes, which in this case relied on the close association between these two gods and on the fact that Nisaba’s name could function as a metonym for grain. Lluís Feliu based on the attestations of this writing from Anatolia instead suggests that it reflected a connection to the Hittite grain deity Ḫalki, who similarly could be represented by the same sumerogram. One Anatolian example of the use of dNISABA to designate Kumarbi has been identified in an offering list dealing with the deities worshiped in the Hittite city of . Despite the different character of the two deities, there is also evidence for the use of Ḫalki’s name as a logogram to refer to Kumarbi. Character Hurrian texts refer to Kumarbi as the “father of gods”. Volkert Haas has interpreted this as an indication that he was regarded as a creator deity. His position in the Hurrian pantheon was high, as reflected by his epithet ewri, “lord”. In myths he was portrayed as an old deposed king of the gods, replaced by his son Teshub, though this is presumed to be a fictional etiological narrative explaining the structure of the Hurrian pantheon, rather than reflection of a loss of importance at the expense of another deity. It has nonetheless been argued that the relation between them might have originally developed as a way to harmonize two originally distinct local pantheons. It is often assumed that Kumarbi was associated with grain. However, Lluís Feliu points out that the direct evidence for his supposed agrarian character is presently limited to the fact that the sumerogram dNISABA was sometimes employed to write his name, and the identification of a plant he holds on the Yazılıkaya relief as an ear of grain. Feliu’s criticism of this characterization is supported by Alfonso Archi, who points out the ear symbol is not used elsewhere, and might only represent a play on words referencing the scribal convention of using the name of dissimilar Hittite deity Ḫalki as a logogram designating Kumarbi. Feliu points out many arguments in favor of interpreting Kumarbi as an agricultural god are based on circular reasoning, specifically on the assumption that if Dagan, closely associated with him, had agricultural character, so did he. However, Dagan was regarded as a god of broadly understood prosperity, rather than specifically agriculture. Kumarbi himself was invoked in association with prosperity in hieroglyphic Luwian inscriptions from the first millennium BCE. The underworld could be regarded as Kumarbi’s abode, as indicated for example by an incantation according to which water from a spring located under his throne “reaches the head of the Sun goddess of the Earth”, though he was not an underworld god in the strict sense. A single Hittite text, KUB 59.66, mentions a “star of Kumarbi”, which Volkert Haas proposed identifying with the planet Saturn. Associations with other deities Family and court It is assumed that Kumarbi’s father was Alalu. A direct statement confirming this relation has been identified in the text KUB 33.120 (I 19: dKumarbiš dAlaluwaš NUMUN-ŠU). It is typically translated as “Kumarbi, the descendant of Alalu”. A further piece of evidence supporting the view are sections of treaties enumerating gods invoked as their divine witnesses, in which they could be listed in sequence. Both of them appear for example in the treaty between Hittite king Muwatalli II and Alaksandu of Wilusa. The myth establishing the relation between them, the Song of Kumarbi, seemingly involves two “dynasties” of deities competing for kingship. This assumption is nonetheless not universally accepted. An alternate interpretation is to see Alalu as the father of Anu, who reigned between Alalu and Kumarbi as the king of the gods, and grandfather of Kumarbi. However, Christian Zgoll, who supports this theory, admits that it is difficult to prove. He nonetheless questions the notion of two separate dynasties, and argues that no other examples of a theogonic myth involving two divine families is known. However, according to Wilfred G. Lambert succession involving master and servant rather than members of one family is not entirely unknown, and in addition to the account of Kumarbi’s overthrow of Anuy another example might be a section from the Theogony of Dunnu focused on a nameless figure seemingly labeled as a servant (ṣiḫru) rather than child (māru) of the god he deposes. Shalash could be viewed as the spouse of Kumarbi. She was originally associated with Dagan, as already attested in texts from Ebla, and the link between her and Kumarbi was a later development. However, the evidence associating Shalash with Kumarbi is also used as an argument in favor of continuity of her association with Dagan. In the Hurrian column of a multilingual edition of the Weidner god list from Ugarit, a goddess named Ašte Kumurbineve, literally “wife of Kumarbi”, appears instead. However, according to Aaron Tugendhaft she is one of the deities attested in it who would be considered “pure scholarly inventions” meant to mimic Mesopotamian pairs of major gods and their wives with etymologically related names, such as Anu and Antu. In myths Kumarbi appears without a wife. Teshub was regarded as a son of Kumarbi, conceived after he bit off and swallowed the genitals of Anu. Gary Beckman states that the weather god can thus be considered a descendant of both of the lines of gods present in the Song of Kumarbi. Due to the circumstances of the weather god’s conception, a Hurrian hymn (KUB 47.78) refers to Kumarbi as his mother: Noga Ayali-Darshan notes the relationship between Kumarbi and Teshub was portrayed as “dysfunctional” in Hurrian mythology. The other children of Kumarbi conceived the same way were Tašmišu and the river Tigris, known by the Hurrians under the name Aranzaḫ or Aranziḫ. While Šauška was regarded as a sister of both Teshub and Tašmišu, she is not mentioned among Kumarbi’s children in the Song of Kumarbi, though according to Marie-Claude Trémouille this might simply be the result of its incomplete state of preservation. She therefore argues it can nonetheless be assumed this deity was also one of the children of Kumarbi and Anu. However, according to Gary Beckman’s recent treatment of Song of Kumarbi, the text explicitly states that the eponymous god was impregnated with only three deities. In myths dealing with his conflict with Teshub, Kumarbi is also the father of various opponents of the weather god, such as Ullikummi, Ḫedammu and Silver. Ḫedammu’s mother was , a daughter of the deified sea. Silver was born to a mortal woman. Ullikummi was the product of Kumarbi’s “sexual union with a huge cliff” according to Harry Hoffner, though Daniel Schwemer instead assumes that the passage describing his conception alludes to a goddess related to stones. The former two of these three children of Kumarbi appear together in a ritual text (KUB 27.38) which states that he planned for both of them to become the king of the gods. The text places the so-called “divine determinative” (dingir) before the name of Ḫedammu, but not Silver. Both of them are also described with the terms šarra, used to refer to mythical, deified rulers and ewri, which designated non-supernatural kings. Like all other major Hurrian gods, Kumarbi was believed to be served by a divine “vizier”, . His name was derived from the toponym Mukiš. A single text from Ugarit instead describes Šarruma as the deity playing this role, but he is better attested in association with Ḫepat and Teshub. In myths belonging to the Kumarbi is also aided by the deified sea, who acts as his counsellor. In Song of Ḫašarri, a reference is made to a group of wandering deities referred to as the "Seven Eyes of Kumarbi", possibly analogous to Ḫutellurra. The circle of deities associated with him additionally included the so-called “former gods”, referred to as ammadena enna in Hurrian and karuilieš šiuneš in Hittite. They were portrayed as his helpers in myths. However, the same group of deities could also be affiliated with Allani. Kumarbi and other “fathers of gods” Kumarbi was closely associated with Dagan, the head god of the pantheon of inland Syria in the Bronze Age. The association goes back at least to the eighteenth century BCE. It has been proposed that Kumarbi’s character was in part influenced by him, or even that he originally developed as the Hurrian counterpart of this god. In Assyriology the identification of these two gods has been first pointed out by Emmanuel Laroche. Direct equations between Dagan and Kumarbi are absent from god lists, but other evidence in favor of identification of the two is available, including their similar position in the respective pantheons as the “fathers of gods” and especially the weather god, and their shared association with Shalash and Enlil. Furthermore, Tuttul, the cult center of Dagan, is mentioned as a city associated with Kumarbi in the Song of Ḫedammu. It is also sometimes assumed Kumarbi could be outright referred to as “Dagan of the Hurrians”. However, this assumptions rests on the proposed reading of a single inscription from Terqa from the end of the Old Babylonian period, in which Šunuḫru-ammu, a ruler of the kingdom of Khana, mentions the sacrifice he made to Dagan ša ḪAR-ri. The proposal that the epithet should be interpreted as ša Ḫur-ri, “of the Hurrians”, has originally been made by Ignace J. Gelb, and subsequently found support of authors such as Volkert Haas, Ichiro Nakata, Karel van der Toorn and Alfonso Archi. However, Lluís Feliu argues it should be read as ša ḫar-ri based on a reference to a similar epithet of Dagan, en ḫa-ar-ri, in a text from Emar, and rules out a reference to Hurrians or Kumarbi being the intent. As early as in the sixteenth century BCE Kumarbi also started to be equated with the Mesopotamian god Enlil due to both of them being regarded as the “fathers of gods” in their respective pantheons. The tradition might have been older, possibly going as far back as the end of the third millennium BCE. Lluís Feliu proposes that a damaged line from the later god list An = Anum which describes a deity whose name is not preserved as the “Enlil of Subartu” might refer to Kumarbi. However, Enlil and Kumarbi are for the most part treated as two separate figures in Hurrian myths, for example in the Song of Kumarbi Enlil and Ninlil are among the deities invited by the narrator to listen to the story of Kumarbi, while in the Song of Ullikummi, Enlil makes a brief appearance to comment on Kumarbi’s plan to create the eponymous monster to destroy Teshub. Alfonso Archi additionally notes that the notion of equivalence between the two was seemingly unknown to the Hittites, even though Hittite sources do indicate awareness of both of them as individual deities. He concludes the association between them should be understood as an example of what he deems “translation” of deities with similar positions meant to facilitate the understanding of different pantheons, rather than syncretism. The trilingual version of the Weidner god list from Ugarit in addition to equating Kumarbi with Enlil also presents him as analogous to El, a god who in the local pantheon fulfilled a role similar to Dagan in inland Syria. However, ritual texts where the two of them appear as separate figures are also known. Franks Simons has additionally suggested that a bilingual edition of the same god list known from Emar might equate Kumarbi with the high ranked but poorly known Mesopotamian god Ištaran, possibly also due to his presumed role as a “father of gods”. The theonym he restores as Ištaran is rendered logographically as KA.DI.DI rather than the expected KA.DI, which he argues represents a dittographic error (unnecessary duplication of a sign), while the restoration of Kumarbi’s name relies on the presence of the signs KU.MA in the Hurrian section of the same entry, which might reflect the spelling of his name used in Nuzi. He suggests that this equation would not necessarily contradict the fact the copy from Ugarit equates Kumarbi with Enlil, as the smaller size of the Hurrian pantheon necessitated using the same deities as translations of multiple Mesopotamian ones in god lists, as evident in the case of Šimige, equated both with Utu and Lugalbanda in such a context. However, it has been questioned if the multilingual editions of the Weidner god list can be considered an accurate source of information about Hurrian religion. Worship Kumarbi was one of the deities regarded as “pan-Hurrian”. As such, he was worshiped in all areas inhabited by the Hurrians, from southeastern Anatolia in the west to the Zagros Mountains in the east. However, it has been argued that his importance in the sphere of cult was relatively minor and references to him in religious texts are relatively rare. Volkert Haas has argued that he originated in the Khabur area. References to him have been identified in texts from Ugarit, Mari, Nuzi and Hattusa. In sources from the last of these sites, he is commonly linked to Urkesh (Tell Mozan), a city located in Upper Mesopotamia already known from sources from the Akkadian period. It has been argued that a reference to him might already occur in a building inscription of Tiš-atal, a local ruler of this city during the times of either the Akkadian Empire or the Third Dynasty of Ur: The deity presumed to be Kumarbi by a number of authors is designated in this context by the sumerogram dKIŠ.GAL, normally used to refer to Nergal. Alfonso Archi agrees that the logogram might designate a Hurrian deity, though he instead proposes Aštabi, and based on other Hurrian evidence notes that the possibility that Nergal was meant cannot be ruled out. Doubts have also been expressed by , who states that while not entirely implausible, the proposal that Kumarbi is represented by a sumerogram in the inscription is impossible to prove. Beate Pongratz-Leisten tentatively refers to both Nergal and Kumarbi as possible identities of the deity of Urkesh. A temple found during excavations of Urkesh which remained in use from the third millennium BCE to the end of the Mitanni empire has been interpreted as possibly dedicated to Kumarbi. The apu, a type of offering pit, from the same site might have also been linked to him. A unique seal from Urkesh depicting a deity striding over a mountain range has also been described as a possible depiction of Kumarbi. It has been noted that it finds no close parallels among similar works of art known from southern Mesopotamia. Early attestations of Kumarbi are also present in sources from Mari. Gernot Wilhelm argues that the oldest certain reference to him occurs in a tablet from this city inscribed with a Hurrian text, dated to roughly 1700 BCE. In an incantation, he is mentioned alongside Pidenḫi, an epithet of Shalash: It has been suggested that it was meant to cure toothache. However, it is not certain why Kumarbi and Shalash would be invoked in connection with teeth. A further city in modern Syria from which evidence for the worship of Kumarbi is available is Ugarit. Hurrian offering lists from this city place him after a “god father” (a “generic ancestor of the gods”) and El (otherwise absent from Hurrian tradition). This sequence corresponds to the enumeration of Ilib, El and Dagan in similar texts written in Ugaritic or Akkadian. In KTU3 1.110, a description of a type of sacrifice (aṯḫulumma), Kumarbi instead appears after Kušuḫ. A Hurrian incantation, KTU3 1.44 (RS 1.007), mentions that he was worshiped “from Tuttul to Awirraše”. The latter settlement was presumably located in western Syria. Further cult centers of Kumarbi mentioned in the Ugaritic texts include Kumma (or Kummi) and Uriga. The latter toponym has alternatively been interpreted as Urkesh. References to Kumarbi have also been identified in texts from Alalakh, with one example being tablet A1T 15 which mentions a priest in his service, a certain Kabiya, though there is presently no indication that any of the structures discovered during excavations was dedicated to him. additionally tentatively suggests that the city deity of Emar, who he refers to as Il Imari (“the god of Emar”) following the earlier proposal of Joan Goodnick Westenholz, might have been understood as a manifestation of either Kumarbi or Dagan. Kumarbi was also worshiped further east in Azuḫinnu, a city located in the kingdom of Arrapha, in the proximity of modern Kirkuk. The local pantheon was apparently jointly headed by him and Šauška. In some of the offering lists from Nuzi linked to this location he is preceded by the deity Kurwe, who might have been the city god of Azuḫinnu. Kumarbi’s name is not common in the Hurrian onomasticon. He is entirely absent from the earliest known Hurrian personal names from the Ur III and Old Babylonian periods, though it has been noted they usually were not theophoric, in contrast with these from later sites such as Nuzi, and that other major deities, like Šimige, Kušuḫ or Šauška, are also not attested in them. The name Arip-Kumurwe, “Kumarbi gave (a child)”, is known from two sites, Mari and Shubat-Enlil. An example is also known from Hattusa, though due to the state of preservation of the text the full name cannot be restored. Hittite reception Kumarbi was among the Hurrian deities who also came to be worshiped in the Hittite Empire. Most of the ritual texts from Hattusa which mention him have a Hurrian background and likely originated in Kizzuwatna. In offering lists, he belonged to the circle of deities () of Teshub. In the reliefs from the Yazılıkaya sanctuary, where the depicted deities seemingly follow the order of such lists, he is most likely depicted on relief assigned number 40 in the conventional numbering in modern literature. Typically in ritual texts in enumerations of deities he follows Teshub and Tašmišu and precedes Ea, Kušuḫ and Šimige. However, in a similar list dealing with the worship of Teshub in Šapinuwa he appears after Anu. During the reign of Tudḫaliya IV, he received offerings alongside other deities belonging to the kaluti of Teshub in the temple of Kataḫḫa in Ankuwa during the festival. In the Hurro-Hittite itkalzi rituals, Kumarbi appears alongside Shalash. She precedes him in instructions for the festival. The ritual text KUB 45.28+ mentions Kumarbi alongside the “ancient gods” (Eltara, Nabira, Minki, Tuḫuši, Ammunki and Awannamu), Teshub, mountain gods and Ea. In lists of divine witnesses in Hittite diplomatic texts Kumarbi is only attested twice, in the treaties between Muršili II and Manapa-Tarhunta, and between Muwatalli II and Alaksandu of Wilusa. In other similar texts a comparable entry in the list is occupied by a deity named Apantu instead. However, Alfonso Archi suggests that in treaties with Syrian rulers the pair Enlil and Ninlil might correspond to Kumarbi and Shalash. At the same time, he notes that the sumerogram dEN.LÍL was seemingly never used to designate him in offering lists. Late attestations In Taite, a Mitanni city conquered by Assyria during the reign of Adad-nirari I, Kumarbi apparently retained a degree of relevance well into Neo-Assyrian times alongside two other originally Hurrian deities, Nabarbi and Samnuha. All three of them are attested in a Tākultu text. The Luwian deity Kumarma, known from sources from the tenth century BCE, is presumed to be a late form of Kumarbi. Attestations of this theonym are available exclusively from hieroglyphic Luwian inscriptions from south of the Taurus Mountains, which mention him in relation with prosperity. In three texts from Tell Ahmar (Masuwari) attributed to the local king Hamiyata he appears alongside “king Ea”, according to Ilya Yakubovich a calque of Hurrian Ea šarri. He is also mentioned alongside Tipariya, a wine god, in an inscription from Carchemish which states that the weather god Tarḫunz with established “the land of the good god and Tipariya”. A stele from Arsuz addresses them as “mother” and “father” respectively. This description has been described as an “unexpected reversal of sexes”, but Mark Weeden notes that it might echo the Hurrian tradition about the birth of Teshub, in the context of which Kumarbi could similarly be referred to as his mother. He states that whether this reflects a survival of a local belief connected to the worship of Teshub in Aleppo, possibly though not necessarily tied to Mitanni royal ideology, or a tradition preserved in Hattusa and later imported into northern Syria is unknown. Amir Gilan has voiced support for the former interpretation. Following the proposal of Edith Porada, it is sometimes assumed that the golden bowl of Hasanlu might depict Kumarbi, as well as other deities who appear in myths focused on him, which according to Alfonso Archi would indicate that as a “pan-Hurrian” deity he might have continued to be worshiped in eastern areas until the beginning of the first millennium BCE. Mythology Kumarbi played a central role in Hurrian mythology. Myths focused on him are known chiefly from the Bogazköy Archive, and most of them are preserved in Hittite translations. However, as noted by Gary Beckman, their themes, such as conflict over kingship in heaven, reflect Hurrian, rather than Hittite, theology. According to Alfonso Archi, they were transmitted in the beginning of the fourteenth century BCE, during a period of growing influence of Hurrian culture of the Hittites. Kumarbi Cycle The “Kumarbi Cycle” is a scholarly grouping of a number of myths focused on the eponymous god. It has been described as “[u]nquestionably the best-known belletristic work discovered in the Hittite archives”. The individual texts were referred to with the sumerogram SÌR, “song”, a designation also used for Hittite compositions about the exploits of Gilgamesh. The Hurrian word corresponding to this sign is unknown, while in Hittite it was most likely read as išḫamai-. Preserved incipits indicate that they might have been sung. However, it is not certain if they necessarily originated as oral compositions, even though the heavy reliance on direct speech might further support the possibility that the discovered versions were meant to be performed. The core theme of myths grouped under the label of "Kumarbi Cycle" are Kumarbi’s attempts to dethrone Teshub. The individual texts frequently characterize him as cunning (ḫattant-), and describe him plotting new schemes meant to bring upon the defeat of the weather god. As noted by Daniel Schwemer, ancient authors introduced a sense of suspense to the narratives by having each of the plans appear to be successful in the short term. Typically they involve a new enemy set up by Kumarbi to battle Teshub. However, the adversaries are eventually defeated, though not necessarily destroyed. Harry Hoffner has noted that the myths appear to present the two main characters and their allies in contrasting ways: Kumarbi is aided by figures linked to the underworld, such as Alalu, the deified sea, Ullikummi or the Irširra deities, while Teshub by heavenly deities such as Šauška, Šimige, Kušuḫ, Aštabi or Ḫepat and her maidservant Takitu. The five myths conventionally considered to be a part of the cycle are the Song of Kumarbi (CTH 344), the Song of LAMMA (CTH 343), the Song of Silver (CTH 364), the Song of Ḫedammu (CTH 348) and the Song of Ullikummi (CTH 345). Their arrangement used in the following sections reflects the most commonly accepted order. However, the overall number of texts which might have originally formed the cycle is not known. Anna Maria Polvani suggests that it is possible multiple cycles of myths involving Kumarbi existed, assumes the known narratives did not necessarily form a coherent whole. Alfonso Archi states that attempts at arranging them in a chronological order only reflect contemporary “hermeneutical needs”, though he agrees that the label “Kumarbi Cycle” should be retained in scholarship for practical reasons to refer to myths which deal with the conflict between Kumarbi and Teshub. Erik van Dongen does not regard Polvani’s proposal as necessarily incorrect, though he states due to the state of preservation of the individual myths, and the shared themes between them, separation into multiple cycles is presently impossible and continuing to refer to them as a singular cycle in scholarship remains preferable. However, he does suggest that it might be more correct to refer to it as a “Kingship in Heaven cycle” than Kumarbi Cycle. Carlo Corti, while he accepts the existence of a cycle of myths involving Kumarbi, has also questioned the label applied to them, and suggests that calling them the cycle of Teshub would more accurately reflect their contents. This objection is also supported by . Song of Kumarbi (Song of Emergence) The Song of Kumarbi is uniformly agreed to be beginning of the Kumarbi Cycle. The best known copy of the text is the tablet KUB 33.120, which is poorly preserved, with only around 125-150 lines out of original 350 surviving. Emmanuel Laroche identified tablet KUB 33.119 as a further section in 1950. Additional sections have been identified on KUB 48.97 + 1194/u. Further known fragments include KUB 36.31, KUB 36.1 and KBo 52.10. A short text written in Hurrian, KUB 47.56, is presumed to be a possible variant of the same myth due to a mention of Alalu, Anu and Kumarbi, though due to the still imperfect understanding of Hurrian its contents remain uncertain. The main tablet has been dated to the first decades of the fourteenth century, but the composition might be older. Amir Gilan has described it as “one of the finest and most sophisticated works of literature to survive from the Hittite world.” The title Song of Kumarbi has originally been proposed by Hans Gustav Güterbock. However, the first translation of the text was published as The Kingship among the Gods. It has been variously referred to as Kingship in Heaven or Theogony as well. More recent publications use the title Song of Emergence. It was established based on new joins to the texts, including a colophon, originally identified in 2007. As noted by Carlo Corti, the text is labeled in it as the song of GÁ✕È.A, which based on the information provided by the multilingual edition of the lexical list Erimḫuš can be interpreted as a writing of the Hittite phrase para-kán pauwar, which makes it possible to translate the title literally as “song of departure”, and metaphorically as the “song of emergence” or “song of genesis”. The fragment also identifies a certain Ašḫapala as the scribe responsible for copying the text. The myth begins with an invocation of primeval deities, who are invited to listen to the narrator’s song about the deeds of Kumarbi, and with an account the reigns of three “kings in heaven” are described, without the origin of any of them being mentioned. The first of the kings of the gods is Alalu, who after nine years is overthrown by his cupbearer Anu, who forces him to flee to the “Dark Earth”, the underworld. Anu is in turn overthrown by his own cupbearer Kumarbi, described as “scion of Alalu”, who fought him after first serving him for nine years. Some of the lists belonging to the cult of Teshub preserve an order of deities reflecting the succession described in this passage. The length of the reigns is most likely symbolic, and according to Gery Beckman in the light of the central themes of this work might be a reference to the nine months of human pregnancy. Kumarbi let Anu flee after defeating him, though only after biting off and swallowing his genitals. Anu then taunts him: Kumarbi spits out some of Anu’s semen, which falls on the mountain Kanzura which becomes pregnant with Tašmišu instead, though this still leaves the remaining two children inside him, and he travels to Nippur to seek a solution. It is presumed that the reference to this city reflected the theological tradition known from the Syro-Hurrian milieu, according to which Kumarbi and its main god, Enlil, were regarded as analogous. He apparently discusses the best course of action with Anu, Ea and Teshub, in this passage designated by the epithet KA.ZAL. Following the weather god’s argument that the only safe way for him to leave Kumarbi’s body would be to split the skull of the latter, the fate goddesses perform this operation, and subsequently mend the head “like a garment” while apparently the river Tigris leaves through another, unspecified, route. Kumarbi is not fond of his newborn children, and demands to have Teshub (here referred to as NAM.ḪÉ, “abundance”) to be handed over to him so that he can devour or crush him. However, a stone is given to him as a substitute and he breaks his teeth trying to bite it. It is assumed that the ultimate outcome of the myth, while not preserved, was most likely favorable for Teshub. However, he was not yet granted kingship over the gods, and in a surviving passage seemingly expresses displeasure, cursing the older deities. Song of LAMMA The Song of LAMMA, also known as the Song of KAL, is focused on a deity designated by the sumerogram LAMMA. It is considered improbable that a Mesopotamian lamma (lamassu) is meant, and Alfonso Archi suggests that the name is a logographic writing of Karḫuḫi. In the beginning of the narrative, LAMMA manages to defeat Teshub and Šauška. He is selected to act as the king of the gods by Kumarbi and Ea. He ignores the advice of Kubaba, who implores him to meet with the other gods. Ea and Kumarbi as a result eventually grow displeased with him . The former sends a messenger to the underworld to discuss how to depose LAMMA with Nara-Napšara, a pair of primeval deities, and in the end he is seemingly defeated and subsequently subjugated by Teshub. Anna Maria Polvani notes that Song of LAMMA appears to indicate that Kumarbi was not necessarily always portrayed as seeking kingship for himself or his sons, as he also supports LAMMA. However, Harry Hoffner argues that it is not impossible that he was also regarded as a son of Kumarbi. Song of Silver The classification of the Song of Silver as a part of the cycle is not universally accepted. The text does not explicitly refer to kingship among the gods or to the defeat of the eponymous figure, Silver, and the assumptions that it structurally resembled other myths belonging to the Kumarbi Cycle, while considered plausible, is only conjectural. In the beginning, the narrator praises Silver, crediting “wise men” as the source of information about him. Daniel Schwemer interprets him as the personification of the metal he represented. He is described as a son of a mortal woman and a god described as the “father of Urkesh”, presumed to be Kumarbi. Silver’s name is written without the so-called divine determinative, and according to Alfonso Archi the myth most likely reflects the belief that a couple consisting of a deity and a mortal would have mortal offspring. Other boys mock Silver because he was raised without a father. However, he is not actually an orphan, as his father has merely abandoned him. His mother eventually fearfully reveals to him that his father is Kumarbi, that his siblings are Teshub and Šauška, and that he should head to Urkesh, but when he reaches this city, he learns that he is gone from his house, and instead wanders the mountains. The rest of the myth is poorly preserved, but according to Hrry Hoffner’s restoration Silver confronts the heavenly gods, bringing the sun and the moon down from heaven temporarily. Despite initial success he was presumably subsequently defeated. Song of Ḫedammu In the Song of Ḫedammu, Kumarbi fathers a new opponent meant to defeat Teshub, a voracious sea monster. He is conceived after Kumarbi meets with the deified sea (Kiaše) and decides to have a child with his daughter . Their offspring is described as a tarpanalli (“substitute”, “rival”) of Teshub. Apparently the initial emergence of Ḫedammu leads to a destructive confrontation between Teshub’s allies and Kumarbi which puts mankind into danger, which prompts Ea to rebuke both factions in the divine assembly: Anna Maria Polvani notes that he apparently presents Kumarbi and Teshub as equals. It has also been noted that this scene seemingly marks the beginning of Ea’s estrangement from Kumarbi, which eventually leads to him supporting Teshub against him in the Song of Ullikummi. Kumarbi is displeased about being rebuked in front of other gods, and, possibly calling himself the son of Alalu, mentions the deity Ammezzadu in an unknown context while complaining about Ea’s words. He subsequently orders his servant to take a secret subterranean route to summon the sea god for a meeting during which they will discuss their plans. The remaining surviving fragments outline Šauška’s preparation for a second confrontation with Ḫedammu, which presumably culminates in his defeat, described in the now lost ending. Song of Ullikummi The Song of Ullikummi is focused on Kumarbi’s effort to destroy Teshub with the help of Ullikummi, a stone giant whose name means “Destroy Kumme!”, Kumme being the city of Teshub. It has been pointed out that this explicit goal adds a personal dimension to the conflict. Both Hittite and Hurrian versions exist, though they are not direct translations of each other, which might indicate the myth was transmitted orally. Most likely its compilers were familiar with the Song of Ḫedammu. In both myths, the challengers are addressed as “substitutes” (tarpanalli). Furthermore, both portray Kumarbi and the sea god as allies, and in both Šauška (dIŠTAR) attempts to seduce the eponymous monsters to subdue them. In the beginning of the composition, Kumarbi devises a new plan and travels from Urkesh to a cold spring, where he spots an enormous stone which he deems to be a suitable candidate to impregnate to create a new opponent for Teshub. After a lacuna, the sea sends his messenger, Impaluri, to ask Kumarbi why he is angry with him, and to invite him for a feast, which he subsequently attends alongside his messenger Mukišānu. The next surviving passage, preceded by another lacuna, describes the birth of Kumarbi’s new son. The child is presented to him by the fate goddesses, and he proclaims that his name will be Ullikummi. This scene might be depicted on the golden bowl of Hasanlu. Kumarbi states that Ullikummi will be able to destroy Teshub in the future, but for the time being needs to be hidden to have time to grow away from the sight of the weather god and his allies, and instructs Impaluri to summon the Irširra deities. He entrusts the Irširra with taking him to the underworld and placing him on the shoulders of Upelluri, an Atlas-like being. They first take it to Enlil, who instantly recognizes him as a product of Kumarbi’s “evil plot” and presumes he is supposed to supplant Teshub. Subsequently Ullikummi is placed on the shoulder of Upelluri, as ordered by Kumarbi. Teshub and his allies later attempt to battle the fully grown Ullikummi, but they fail to defeat him and he eventually manages to block the access to the temple of Teshub's wife Ḫepat, trapping her inside. Teshub eventually secures the help of Ea at Tašmišu’s suggestion. Ea subsequently consults Enlil, Upelluri and the "primordial gods" residing in the underworld and recovers a primordial tool which was used to separate earth from heaven long ago, with which he plans to separate Ullikummi from Upelluri. Afterwards Teshub once again battles the giant. Presumably the composition ended with the weather god’s victory. Possibly related texts It is commonly assumed that fragmentary myth preserved on the tablet KBo 22.87 belongs to the Kumarbi Cycle. It describes the reign of a deity named Eltara, one of the “ancient gods” known from presumably related myths. His relation to Kumarbi remains unclear. It has been suggested that the text might deal with the final victory of Teshub over his adversaries, though it has also been interpreted as an example of a narrative focused on a “minor kingship” as Eltara does not appear in sequences of “kings in heaven” in other sources, which list Alalu, Anu and Kumarbi. The Song of the Sea (CTH 785; preserved on tablets KBo 8.86 and KUB 44.7) might represent a further section of the Kumarbi Cycle. It most likely describes a battle between Teshub and the deified sea, though due to imperfect understanding of Hurrian little is known about the details of its plot. Kumarbi is mentioned in a damaged passage near the end of tablet KUB 44.7, though it is only possible to establish that he has a speaking role. It has also been argued that the Song of the Sea might have influenced the portrayal the eponymous being his ally in the Song of Ḫedammu and Song of Ullikummi. Ian Rutherford suggests that Song of the Sea might belong before the Song of Ḫedammu in the commonly accepted sequence of Kumarbi myths, possibly forming the first half of the same narrative, and that the sea offered Kumarbi his daughter in the aftermath of his defeat at the hands of Teshub, though he notes that an alternate proposal is to place it before the Song of LAMMA, in which case it would instead document the start of Teshub’s rise to power. Daniel Schwemer in a more recent study argues that a confrontation between Teshub and the sea might have been the final section of the Kumarbi Cycle, in the aftermath of which his kingship was firmly established. A possible additional fragment of Song of the Sea is preserved on the tablet KBo 26.105, and relays how Kumarbi urges other deities to pay tribute to the eponymous deity after Teshub fails to defeat him, which results in a flood apparently reaching even the sun and the moon. The text breaks off after due to lack of deities willing to volunteer Šauška is selected to bring the tribute. Kumarbi is seemingly described positively in this case and acts as the counselor of the gods, similarly to how Ea does in other myths. This portrayal is considered unusual, though according to Noga Ayali-Darshan attempts to harmonize it with the more hostile role he plays in other myths, while present in scholarship, are not necessary. She argues that the myth was an adaptation of an otherwise unknown Syrian composition, and Kumarbi was placed in a positive role which originally belonged to Dagan instead, despite the difference between their respective characters. Alfonso Archi counts the myth Ea and the Beast (KUB 36.32 and KUB 36.55) among these belonging to the Kumarbi Cycle. The similarities include references to deities being placed inside someone, presumably Kumarbi, details of the accounts of the births of Aranzaḫ and Teshub, and the mention of impregnation by spittle. However, the form of the text differs, as the events are presented as a prophecy given by the eponymous beast (suppalanza) to the god Ea. It might describe the conflict between Kumarbi and Teshub and their respective allies. Ian Rutherford proposes that the events of Ea and the Beast might be placed in the cycle either directly before the Song of Emergence, with Ea learning about the events involving Kumarbi and Teshub in advance, or after it with the beast in part recounting what has already happened. He also notes that while the characterization of Ea differs, as he is apparently portrayed as ignorant despite his usual role as an epitome of wisdom, it is possible that the author intended a scene in which the beast rhetorically asks him “Don’t you know?” to parallel questions Ea himself asks Enlil and the giant Upelluri in the Song of Ullikummi. He suggests that this might further support classifying the text as part of the Kumarbi Cycle, as Ea learning about the outcome of the conflict between Kumarbi and Teshub could explain why his attitude towards the latter seemingly changes for the better through the individual myths. Song of Oil (Song of Ḫašarri) has been classified as a part of the Kumarbi Cycle by Ilya Yakubovich, Erik van Dongen and a number of other authors, though this proposal has been evaluated as implausible by Meindert Dijkstra. In this composition, which is known from a number of fragments in Hurrian, Kumarbi apparently advises Šauška to seek the help of Ea when she faces troubles related to the development of the eponymous being, apparently a personification of olive oil or an olive tree. However, most of his speech is not preserved. It has also been proposed that the fragment KUB 22.118 belongs to the Kumarbi Cycle. It alludes to intercourse between Kumarbi and the personified mountain Wāšitta. The interpretation of two frequently words frequently repeated in it, tuḫḫima- and tuḫḫae-, is a matter of dispute, and the early assumption of Johannes Friedrich, who assumed they can be translated as “to have labor pains, to begin to have contractions” is no longer accepted as this term also occurs in other texts in context which makes a link to pregnancy implausible. Emmanuel Laroche instead suggested interpreting them as terms referring to gasping and suffocation, which has been adopted by a number of dictionaries of Hittite, such as Hethitisches Handwörterbuch and Chicago Hittite Dictionary. However, this translation did not find universal support either. Alwin Kloekhorst proposes interpreting both terms as related to the stem tuḫḫ-, which occurs in words related to smoke. On this basis he suggests that Wāšitta was a personified volcano, a “smoking mountain”, and that rest of the narrative, which is now lost, described her giving birth to another new opponent of Teshub through an eruption. Other myths A reference to Kumarbi has been identified in a fragment of the Hurrian version of the myth of Kešši, though it is not known what role he played in this narrative. A Hittite version of Atrahasis (KUB 8.63 + KBo 53.5), presumably adapted from Hurrian, casts Kumarbi in the role assigned to Enlil in the Akkadian original. A man named Hamsha informs his son, the eponymous protagonist, about actions this god plans to take, but their description is not preserved. Kumarbi is also mentioned in a historiola focused on the flood hero in a text presumed to be a healing ritual of “Hurro-Luwian” background, in the past sometimes classified as a fragment of a Gilgamesh myth instead. It is known from two tablets, KUB 8.62 and Bo 5700. Comparative scholarship has suggested that victory of Teshub over Kumarbi and his allies in myths conventionally classified as parts of the Kumarbi Cycle might constitute an example of the chaoskampf motif. Volkert Haas compared Kumarbi’s role as an antagonist seeking to overthrow the rule of another deity to those played by Mesopotamian Enmesharra and Ugaritic Mot in myths involving them, and has suggested that all of these narratives might symbolically represent times of hunger or other difficulties. Christopher Metcalf suggests that the account of Kumarbi’s temporary role as a cupbearer might be derived from Mesopotamian tradition. He compares it to the legends about the rise of Sargon of Akkad to power, such as the Sumerian Sargon Legend or the relevant section of the Weidner Chronicle, in which he similarly overthrows the fictional king Ur-Zababa of Kish after serving as his cupbearer or a time. Parallels between Kumarbi’s ascent to kingship and the Mesopotamian myth Theogony of Dunnu have been noted by Wilfred G. Lambert. It has been pointed out that one point in the latter myth kingship is seized by an unnamed “servant of heaven” (seḫer dḫamorni), in a passage which, while written in Akkadian, uses a Hurrian loanword to refer to heaven. Lambert also stated that an expository text referring to “"the day when Anu bound the king, the day when king Marduk bound Anu" might be interpreted as a Babylonian counterpart of the succession of kings of the gods in the myths focused on Kumarbi, though he also noted that it most likely reflects a tradition which was well known among contemporaries of the author but was not directly preserved. Comparisons have been made between the Kumarbi Cycle and the Ugaritic Baal Cycle, which also deals with a struggle for kingship among the gods. It has been argued that parallels exist between the portrayals of the relations between Kumarbi, Kiaše and Teshub with these between El, Yam and Baal, but Daniel Schwemer points out that they are not identical, as Kumarbi actively instigates the conflict while El is a passive figure. Noga Ayali-Darshan additionally suggests that descriptions of Baal as “son of Dagan” might have resulted from adapting the Hurrian tradition about both Kumarbi and Anu being fathers of Teshub, with El playing the role of Kumarbi as Baal’s enemy and Dagan that of his ally. However, Mark S. Smith notes that El is not directly opposed to Baal, and eventually even mourns his death (KTU 1.5 VI). He nonetheless accepts that the scene of El naming Yam, who acts as Baal’s rival, can be compared with Kumarbi naming Ullikummi in the Song of Ullikummi. He also notes both narratives take place on Mount Saphon. Similarities have been pointed out between the Song of the Sea and the ancient Egyptian Astarte Papyrus. They include a description of the sea covering the earth, a deity associated with grain (respectively Kumarbi and Renenutet) imploring other gods to pay tribute, and a goddess closely associated with a weather god (respectively Šauška and Astarte) being selected to bring it. A single passage describing Astarte undressing additionally shows similarity to scenes from the myths of Ḫedammu and Ullikummi involving Šauška. The role assigned to Renenutet is regarded as unusual, as she was a minor deity in ancient Egyptian religion, in contrast with Kumarbi in Hurrian religion. Since a direct transmission from a Hurrian source is considered implausible, Noga Ayali-Darshan suggests that both myths were transmitted to the respective cultures from the Levant. Daniel Schwemer similarly assumes that both of them were adaptations of the same hypothetical narrative originating in northern Syria. As early as in the 1940s, arguments have been made that the Kumarbi Cycle contains mythologems which can be considered forerunners of these found in Hesiod's Theogony. Comparisons have been made between the roles of Kumarbi and Kronos in particular, and more broadly between the succession of “kings in heaven” and the reigns of Ouranos, Kronos and Zeus. The existence of a relation between the two texts is widely accepted today. The castration of a sky god, and possibly also the swallowing of a rock in place of a deity, are presumed to be two elements of the myth of Kumarbi adopted by Greeks. Gary Beckman has expressed skepticism over whether Greeks necessarily received all of the shared elements of the two myths directly from Kumarbi myths, and suggested they might have belonged to a Mediterranean cultural milieu. At the same time, he referred to the birth of Teshub from Kumarbi’s split skull as a “template” for the myth of the birth of Athena from the head of Zeus. This proposal is also regarded as plausible by Ian Rutherford. Differences between the Kumarbi Cycle and theogony have also been pointed out: if the common interpretation that Alalu and Kumarbi are not related to Anu is accepted, kingship is not passed from father to son in the older myth. Furthermore, Kumarbi does not use a weapon to castrate Anu, but rather his teeth. Carolina López-Ruiz accepts that despite the differences Theogony represents Greek reception of the Kumarbi Cycle, but she notes that a closer parallel can be found in an Orphic theogony from the Derveni papyrus, where Zeus castrates Ouranos, swallows his genitals and thus becomes impregnated with the cosmos, which according to her better reflects the succession from Anu to Kumarbi. She notes Kumarbi and Kronos in theory were figures more similar to each other, and assumes the motif was reinterpreted to suit Zeus instead because the author of this text wanted to emphasize his creative powers. Further similar Orphic myths include an account of castration of Kronos by Zeus and a passage in the Orphic Rhapsodies where the latter swallows Phanes, a figure in this context described as his ancestor. As an extension of discussion of the possible influence of the Kumarbi Cycle and Theogony, additional parallels have been pointed out between both of these works and the accounts of the reigns of Elyon, Ouranos and El in the writings of Philo of Byblos. Hans Gustav Güterbock has proposed that Philo might have specifically relied on a source forming an intermediate stage between the Kumarbi Cycle and Theogony. However, more recent research stresses that the possibility of influence from early sources on his writing needs to be balanced with their historical context. Albert I. Baumgarten has criticized Güterbock’s position, and argued that none of the myths involved can be described as “intermediary” between others. He also pointed out that despite the frequent comparisons made in scholarship, Philo’s Phoenician History lacks a number of elements present in the Kumarbi Cycle: Demarous does not challenge the reign of Kronos in the way Teshub challenges Kumarbi, and no battles against monsters occur. He concluded that the Kumarbi Cycle, Theogony and Phoenician History merely represent different takes on a common mythological motif. More recently, it has proposed that the episode in Phoenician History in which Ouranos tasks Dagon (Dagan) with raising Damerous, a son he had with a concubine, might constitute a non-violent adaptation of the account of Teshub’s origin as a son of both Anu and Kumarbi in the Kumarbi Cycle, though Dagon does not supplant Ouranos as a ruler. Ian Rutherford has proposed that an anonymous scholion stating that Kronos was the father of Typhon, in this context placed in Cilicia, might echo a tradition involving Kumarbi, though he remarks the similarity between the Greek monster and Ullikummi or Ḫedammu is vague, and the respective Greek and Anatolian narratives do not parallel each other. Footnotes References Bibliography Hurrian deities Hittite deities Ugaritic deities Luwian gods Mesopotamian gods Agricultural gods Fortune gods Underworld gods Dagon Cronus
Ben Newcomb (born c. 1935) is a former American football and baseball coach. He served as the head football coach at Augustana College in Rock Island, Illinois from 1969 to 1978, compiling a record of 55–34–1. Newcomb was also the head baseball coach at Eastern Illinois University for one season, in 1966, tallying a mark of 9–17. Newcomb graduated from Augustana College—now known as Augustana University—in Sioux Falls, South Dakota. He coached in the public schools in Sioux Falls before moving to Eastern Illinois. Newcomb resigned as head football coach at Augustana following the 1978 season to become director of the school's College Center. Head coaching record Football References 1930s births Year of birth missing (living people) Living people Augustana (Illinois) Vikings football coaches Augustana (South Dakota) Vikings football players Eastern Illinois Panthers baseball coaches Eastern Illinois Panthers football coaches Sportspeople from Sioux Falls, South Dakota Players of American football from South Dakota
List of current consorts of sovereigns Unmarried sovereigns Norodom Sihamoni, King of Cambodia, who is personally committed to a monastic way of life. Pope Francis, being an ordained priest of the Catholic Church, is sworn to celibacy. Sovereigns who are divorced Mohammed VI, King of Morocco. He and his wife Salma reportedly divorced around 2018. Sovereigns with a deceased consort Margrethe II, Queen of Denmark. She married Henri de Laborde de Monpezat. He died on 13 February 2018 at Fredensborg Palace. Hans Adam II, Sovereign Prince of Liechtenstein. He married Marie Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau. She died on 21 August 2021 at Cantonal Hospital in Grabs. References Consorts
Patrington was a rural district in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England, from 1894 to 1935. The district formed the south-eastern part of the county, stretching from Hedon to Spurn. The district was created by the Local Government Act 1894. In 1935 the district was abolished by a County Review Order made under the Local Government Act 1929, and the area then formed part of the newly created Holderness Rural District. Under the Local Government Act 1972 the area became part of the larger Holderness borough in Humberside. Since 1996 it has formed part of a unitary East Riding of Yorkshire. References External links Districts of England created by the Local Government Act 1894 Rural districts of the East Riding of Yorkshire Districts of England abolished by the Local Government Act 1972
is a Japan-exclusive side-scrolling platform game for the Super Famicom published by Bandai in 1994. The game is an adaptation of the manga series Gon by Masashi Tanaka, about the daily life of a super-deformed orange Giganotosaurus dinosaur named Gon. Plot Like the manga, the game has minimal plot and no dialogue. It advances the story using comics-style cutscenes with a focus on comic situations Gon gets himself into searching for food, interacting with other animals, or venturing into different ecosystems that made up the prehistoric world. Gameplay Enemies include monkeys, warthogs, polar bears, rhinoceroses, ibex, and bobcats. Sharks and orcas have the special ability to swallow Gon whole, but he can break free in most instances. There are Mode 7 chase sequences between levels, in which Gon must avoid obstacles while catching up to a monkey. A 4-digit password is seen at the end of each level. Gon has three attacks: a basic self-defense biting attack, a whip of his tail, and a headbutt. The game lacks a HUD-style health bar. Instead, taking damage from enemies results in Gon getting more frustrated (a music will play if he is almost fully frustrated). If he is angered enough, he will destroy the planet, leading to a game over screen. Sound effects are based on music instrumentals and vice versa. Legacy Gon would later go on to play a role in the Sony PlayStation fighting game Tekken 3 in 1998. A new platform game, Gon: Baku Baku Baku Baku Adventure, developed for the Nintendo 3DS, was released in Japan in June 2012 by Bandai Namco Games. A new mobile game GON: Match 3 puzzle was released in 2013 by Lunosoft Inc. for iOS and Android. External links Gon at Video Game Den Gon at GameFAQs Gon character sprites at The Shyguy Kingdom Gon at Super-Famicom.jp Gon (manga) 1994 video games Bandai games Video games about dinosaurs Japan-exclusive video games Platformers Side-scrolling video games Super Nintendo Entertainment System games Super Nintendo Entertainment System-only games Video games based on anime and manga Video games developed in Japan Video games set in prehistory
Marion Township is a township in Plymouth County, Iowa in the United States. The township is named after (). The elevation of Marion Township is listed as 1414 feet above mean sea level. References Townships in Iowa
October 2019 See also References killings by law enforcement officers 10
Leptoconchus is a genus of medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Muricidae, subfamily Coralliophilinae, the coral snails or coral shells. Description Shell : The thin shell is globosely pyriform, with a perforate axis. The umbilicus is partly concealed by the reflected inner lip. The spire is obtuse. The aperture is oblong, produced anteriorly into a wide subrecurved siphonal canal. Animal: The mantle-margin is greatly thickened and fleshy. The tentacles are small, broad, and united at their bases. The eyes are small and black, on the outer side of the tentacles, near their tips. The foot is small, short, obtuse and rounded behind, with a thin, expanded, disk-like lobe in front, and the siphon is obsolete. There is no operculum. Species The following species are currently accepted within Leptoconchus: † Leptoconchus costatus (Chenu, 1843) Leptoconchus cumingii MassDeshayes, 1863 Leptoconchus cyphastrae Massin, 1983 † Leptoconchus duvergieri (Cossmann & Peyrot, 1923) Leptoconchus ellipticus (G. B. Sowerby I, 1823) Leptoconchus expolitus (Shikama, 1963) Leptoconchus inactiniformis A. Gittenberger & E. Gittenberger, 2011 Leptoconchus inalbechi A. Gittenberger & E. Gittenberger, 2011 Leptoconchus incrassa A. Gittenberger & E. Gittenberger, 2011 Leptoconchus incycloseris A. Gittenberger & E. Gittenberger, 2011 Leptoconchus infungites A. Gittenberger & E. Gittenberger, 2011 Leptoconchus ingrandifungi A. Gittenberger & E. Gittenberger, 2011 Leptoconchus ingranulosa A. Gittenberger & E. Gittenberger, 2011 Leptoconchus inlimax A. Gittenberger & E. Gittenberger, 2011 Leptoconchus inpileus A. Gittenberger & E. Gittenberger, 2011 Leptoconchus inpleuractis A. Gittenberger & E. Gittenberger, 2011 Leptoconchus inscruposa A. Gittenberger & E. Gittenberger, 2011 Leptoconchus inscutaria A. Gittenberger & E. Gittenberger, 2011 † Leptoconchus intalpina A. Gittenberger & E. Gittenberger, 2011 Leptoconchus jaegeri Rolle, 1863 Leptoconchus lamarckii (Deshayes, 1863 Leptoconchus massini A. Gittenberger & E. Gittenberger, 2011 Leptoconchus peronii (Lamarck, 1818) Leptoconchus solidiusculus (G. B. Sowerby II, 1872) Leptoconchus vangoethemi Massin, 1983 Taxa inquirenda Leptoconchus cuvieri Deshayes, 1863 Leptoconchus djedah (Chenu, 1843) Leptoconchus globulosus (G. B. Sowerby II, 1872) Leptoconchus maillardi Deshayes, 1863 Leptoconchus noumeae Risbec, 1953 Leptoconchus rostratus A. Adams, 1864 Leptoconchus ruppelii Deshayes, 1863 Leptoconchus serratus (G. B. Sowerby II, 1872) Leptoconchus tenuis (Chenu, 1843) Species brought into synonymy include Leptoconchus fimbriatus (A. Adams, 1852): synonym of Coralliophila fimbriata (A. Adams, 1852) Leptoconchus lamarkii Deshayes, 1863: synonym of Leptoconchus lamarckii Deshayes, 1863 (incorrect original spelling) Leptoconchus robillardi Liénard, 1870: synonym of Coralliophila robillardi (Liénard, 1870) Leptoconchus schrenkii Lischke, 1871: synonym of Leptoconchus peronii (Lamarck, 1818) Leptoconchus striatus Rüppell, 1835: synonym of Leptoconchus peronii (Lamarck, 1818) References Vaught, K.C. (1989). A classification of the living Mollusca. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). . XII, 195 pp Oliverio M. (2008) Coralliophilinae (Neogastropoda: Muricidae) from the southwest Pacific. In: V. Héros, R.H. Cowie & P. Bouchet (eds), Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos 25. Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle 196: 481-585. page(s): 557 External links Rüppell E. (1835 ["1834"). Description of a new genus of pectinibranchiated gasteropodous Mollusca (Leptoconchus). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 2: 105-106.] Sowerby, G. B., III. (1919). Notes on Magilus and its allies, substituting the generic name Magilopsis for Leptoconchus lamarcki, Deshayes. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London. 13(3-4): 75-77 Deshayes, G. P. (1863). Catalogue des mollusques de l'île de la Réunion (Bourbon). Pp. 1-144. In Maillard, L. (Ed.) Notes sur l'Ile de la Réunion. Dentu, Paris A. & Gittenberger E. (2011) Cryptic, adaptive radiation of endoparasitic snails: sibling species of Leptoconchus (Gastropoda: Coralliophilidae) in corals. Organisms, Diversity and Evolution 11: 21-41
is a Japanese television drama/comedy series, which premiered on NTV on July 13, 2016, starring Keiko Kitagawa in the lead role. Machi Sangenya is a real-estate salesperson whose motto is "There isn't a house I can't sell." A one-episode special, , aired in 2017. A sequel aired in 2019. Kazuyoshi Saito wrote to be the theme song of the sequel. Cast Keiko Kitagawa as Machi Sangenya Asuka Kudo as Seiji Niwano Yudai Chiba as Satoshi Adachi Ayako Imoto as Mika Shirasu Hiroki Suzuki as Daisuke Hachinohe Yuko Araki as Madoka Murota Chikara Honda as Takuma Gota Asami Usuda as Kokoro Tamaki Zen Kajihara as Makoto Fuse Tōru Nakamura as Dai Yashiro Tomie Kataoka as Satomi Handa References Japanese drama television series 2016 in Japanese television 2016 Japanese television series debuts 2016 Japanese television series endings Nippon TV dramas
"Virgin Territory" is the 16th episode of the third season of the American sitcom Modern Family and the series' 64th episode overall. It aired on February 22, 2012. The episode was written by Elaine Ko and directed by Jason Winer. In the episode, Claire, Jay and Mitchell go on and confess past sins during a family brunch with Mitchell destroying one of the proudest moments of Jay's, scoring a hole-in-one at a golf game. Jay is furious about it and leaves while Mitchell decides to follow him to apologize and the two of them make up. Claire leaves for some "yoga" classes and Gloria follows her because she wants to join her. When Claire finds excuses to not do the classes with her, Gloria realizes that something is wrong and that Claire is lying. She goes back only to discover that Claire does not take yoga classes but practices at a shooting range, something that relaxes her. Luke and Manny try to get revenge on Lily for taking all the attention away from them but their plan backfires and Cameron gets injured instead while also breaking Lily's doll. Phil goes to the mall with Alex, Haley and Lily to fix the doll and on their way there, Alex accidentally reveals that Haley and Dylan have had sex, something that shocks Phil. "Virgin Territory" received positive reviews from the critics and it won the Writers Guild Award for Episodic Comedy, while Winer was nominated for an Emmy for Outstanding Directing in a Comedy Series. Plot At a family brunch, the Pritchett family confess past sins starting with Claire (Julie Bowen) confessing to a long-ago transgression against Jay (Ed O'Neill). Jay takes his turn and confesses to both Claire and Mitchell (Jesse Tyler Ferguson). Mitchell's confession ruins Jay's proudest golf moment when he reveals that he kicked Jay's ball into the hole and that Jay did not score a hole-in-one. Meanwhile, Luke (Nolan Gould) and Manny (Rico Rodriguez) decide to take revenge on Lily (Aubrey Anderson-Emmons) for taking all of the attention away from them. The two set up a trap similar to a Rube Goldberg machine which is inadvertently tripped by Cameron (Eric Stonestreet) instead, and he injures his back and breaks Lily's doll. Phil (Ty Burrell) takes Alex (Ariel Winter), Haley (Sarah Hyland) and Lily to the mall to repair the doll. Jay leaves to the golf course and Claire leaves to "yoga", and Gloria (Sofía Vergara) decides to join her. Mitchell decides to go reconcile with his father and leaves. With everyone gone, Cameron begins a frantic search for a Tupperware he believed Claire stole from him some time ago. At the parking lot of "yoga", Claire attempts to avoid Gloria and lies continually making Gloria eventually depart. Gloria realizes that something is wrong with Claire's excuses so she goes back. Claire finally reveals to Gloria that she is actually there for the shooting range and not for yoga because it is a great method of stress release. Gloria surprises Claire by casually shooting a bulls eye and leaving Claire to practice. In the car, Alex accidentally reveals that Haley had sexual intercourse with Dylan (Reid Ewing), and Phil is shocked. Haley is angry with Alex and feels guilty when her dad implies how disappointed he is. At the mall, there is tension between Phil and Haley as they repair the doll and Phil makes many comments that are both dual references to Haley and the doll. In the end, the two reconcile. At the golf course, Mitchell mistakenly reveals the false hole-in-one to Jay's friends but the two make up after remembering the incident itself. The boys catch Cameron uninjured as he desperately searches for his Tupperware, but he gives the boys the keys to his car to wash it. The boys instead take the car for a spin to impress Manny's crush Miranda. Luke gives Manny a quick run-down of the car and they leave. Manny awkwardly drives and fails to impress Miranda. As the boys drive back their mom gets home, but before she can punish the boys, Cameron falls inside and gets injured, but he is satisfied that he has found his Tupperware. Reception Ratings In its original American broadcast "Virgin Territory" was watched by 11.54 million; up 0.32 million from the previous episode. Reviews "Virgin Territory" received positive reviews. Leigh Raines of TV Fanatic rated the episode with 5/5. "I found this episode to be the perfect combination of funny and heartwarming. It never hurts to add realistic moments in every . That's what Modern Family is good at and I'm glad they embraced it so well this week." Meredith Blake from The A.V. Club gave a B rate to the episode saying that the episode was very funny but it suffered from a bit of narrative entropy. Tim Martens of Custodian Film Critic rated the episode with 4/5 stating: "We really got to some deep subjects on this week’s “Modern Family.” [...] this week’s episode (titled “Virgin Territory”) touches on all the secrets that are kept deep within a family." Shayelizatrotter from The Comedy Critic gave the episode an A− rate. "While this episode was, in my opinion, not as hilarious as the last, it was still full of great, comical moments!" Accolades This episode won the Writers Guild of America Award for Television: Episodic Comedy. Jason Winer was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for this episode. References External links "Virgin Territory" at ABC.com 2012 American television episodes Modern Family (season 3) episodes
The 2022 CONCACAF U-20 Championship was an international football tournament held in Honduras from 18 June to 3 July 2022. The twenty participating national teams were required to register a squad of twenty players, of which two had to be goalkeepers. The age listed for each player is on 18 June 2022, the first day of the tournament. The numbers of caps and goals listed for each player do not include any matches played after the start of the tournament. The club listed is the club for which the player last played a competitive match before the tournament. The nationality for each club reflects the national association (not the league) to which the club is affiliated. A flag is included for coaches who are of a different nationality than their own national team. Group stage Group E Canada Coach: Mauro Biello Canada's 20-man squad was announced on 10 June 2022. Cuba Coach: Pablo Elier Sánchez Cuba's 20-man squad was announced on 10 June 2022. Names in italics denote players who have been capped for the senior team. Saint Kitts and Nevis United States Obed Vargas withdrew injured and was replaced by Jackson Hopkins. Names in italics denote players who have been capped for the senior team. Group F Haiti Mexico Suriname Trinidad and Tobago Names in italics denote players who have been capped for the senior team. Group G Aruba Names in italics denote players who have been capped for the senior team. El Salvador Names in italics denote players who have been capped for the senior team. Guatemala Guatemala announced their final squad of 20 players on 16 June 2022. Panama Names in italics denote players who have been capped for the senior team. Group H Antigua and Barbuda Names in italics denote players who have been capped for the senior team. Costa Rica Names in italics denote players who have been capped for the senior team. Honduras Jamaica Names in italics denote players who have been capped for the senior team. Knockout stage Curaçao Names in italics denote players who have been capped for the senior team. Dominican Republic Names in italics denote players who have been capped for the senior team. Nicaragua Names in italics denote players who have been capped for the senior team. Puerto Rico Names in italics denote players who have been capped for the senior team. Notes References CONCACAF Under-20 Championship squads squads
Charles Hérold Jr. (born 23 July 1990) is a Haitian footballer who plays as a right winger for Jarabacoa FC in the Liga Dominicana de Fútbol. International career International goals Scores and results list Haiti's goal tally first. Honours Club Cibao CFU Club Championship (1): 2017 Individual Ballon d'Or Haïtien (1): 2011 References External links 1990 births Living people Haitian men's footballers Men's association football midfielders Tempête FC players Liga Dominicana de Fútbol players Cibao FC players Ligue Haïtienne players Haiti men's international footballers Haitian expatriate men's footballers Expatriate men's footballers in the Dominican Republic Haitian expatriate sportspeople in the Dominican Republic People from Gonaïves 2019 CONCACAF Gold Cup players 2021 CONCACAF Gold Cup players
Kolansko Blato is an ornithological reserve on the Croatian island of Pag. It was established in 1988 and covers an area of 535 ha of swamps. It is located on the south coast of the island of Pag between Novalja and Kolan. Description Kolansko Blato is a Mediterranean swamp characterised by watercourses and wetland vegetation. The immediate surroundings are cultivated fields and rocky pastures. The reserve is important because of the variety of Mediterranean flora and fauna. It is also an important feeding, resting or overnight stay stop during spring and autumn bird migrations for birds originating from Croatia and other parts of Europe. 163 bird species were recorded in the reserve, of which 66 were nestling birds, including the great reed warbler, Eurasian reed warbler, mallard, common pochard, little grebe and glossy ibis. The reserve is endangered for multiple reasons. The reeds that grow on the edges cover more water every year and thus the free surface of water is reduced. Irrational bird hunting, fly ash and the spreading of the Gajac settlement endanger this area. References Protected areas of Croatia 1988 establishments in Croatia Protected areas established in 1988 Pag (island)
Jerry Lamon Falwell Jr. (; born June 17, 1962) is an American attorney, former academic administrator, and former evangelical. Starting with his 2007 appointment upon the death of his father, televangelist and conservative activist Jerry Falwell Sr., Falwell served as the president of Liberty University in Lynchburg, Virginia, until resigning in August 2020 amidst a sex scandal. Early life and education Jerry Falwell Jr. was born on June 17, 1962, the eldest son of Jerry Sr. and Macel Falwell (née Pate). He attended private schools in the Lynchburg area, including Lynchburg Christian Academy (later renamed as Liberty Christian Academy), from where he graduated in 1980. He then attended Liberty University, where he obtained a Bachelor of Arts in history and religious studies in 1984, and the University of Virginia School of Law, where he obtained a Juris Doctor in 1987. Career From 1987 until 2007, Falwell served in private practice in Virginia and as the lawyer for Liberty University and its related organizations. He joined the Board of Trustees of the university in 2000. 2007–2020: Liberty University As part of a succession plan the elder Falwell laid out before his death, Jerry Jr. was to be entrusted with Liberty University while Jerry Sr.'s other son, Jonathan Falwell, inherited the ministry at Thomas Road Baptist Church. The decisions were rooted in each's personality: Jerry Jr. had aggressive business instincts, and Jonathan was more charismatic and interested in ministry. This succession plan took effect when Jerry Sr. died in 2007. Under Falwell Jr., Liberty University came under scrutiny for its alleged authoritarian control over employees and students, nepotism toward Falwell family-owned businesses in the school's investments, and increasing influence of Falwell's wife Becki in school affairs. Beginning in 2001, Falwell had established two companies for the purpose of making property deals with Liberty-affiliated nonprofits, and his two sons and their wives were on Liberty's payroll. A 2019 Politico article described the university as a "dictatorship" in which Falwell ruled through fear; it also reported that the university had sold merchandise promoting Donald Trump's presidential campaign, and that Falwell Jr. had crude discussions about his sex life at work and had shown other Liberty employees provocative photos of his wife. Falwell's leadership also came under fire in a letter signed by members of Congress, Andy Levin and Jamie Raskin, to Betsy DeVos, which claimed that Falwell personally blocked students from writing student columns critical of Trump. A Reuters investigation, published in August 2019, alleged that Falwell signed a real estate deal in 2016 that transferred the university's sports facilities to his personal trainer, who did not put down any money for the deal. The publication reported that instead, Liberty immediately paid almost $650,000 to the trainer, who now owned the property, to lease the property for nine years. On August 7, 2020, Falwell took an indefinite leave of absence from his positions at Liberty University following controversy around a photo he had posted on social media, which showed him with his pants unzipped and his arm around the waist of a woman whose shorts were similarly unzipped. On August 23, Falwell made a public statement that his wife had had an affair and that they had been targets of blackmail. The next day Reuters published a story in which the man with whom Falwell's wife had an affair claimed that Falwell regularly watched him engaging in sexual activities with Falwell's wife. Later in the day, on August 24, Falwell agreed to resign from Liberty University. Falwell immediately denied this, while the university claimed that negotiations were ongoing. On August 25, both Falwell and Liberty University confirmed that he had resigned. Because he is leaving his position without a formal accusation or admission of wrongdoing, Falwell will receive a $10.5million severance package. After his departure, Liberty opened an investigation into his past personal entanglement in the school's finances and real estate. Transactions that personally benefit an individual could jeopardize Liberty's tax-exempt status. In October 2020, Falwell sued Liberty University for damaging his reputation, but in December 2020 dropped the lawsuit. On April 15, 2021, Liberty University sued Falwell for $40 million in damages for breach of contract and violation of fiduciary duty. In November 2021, Falwell revived his defamation lawsuit against Liberty University. Falwell has also sued the University in an attempt to receive $8.5 million in retirement funds, claiming that he met every requirement agreed upon in the Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan to receive payment. He would go on to sue the school again for the alleged exploitation of the trademark and image of his father, Jerry Falwell Sr., without consulting the Falwell family or "authorization of the Dr. Jerry L. Falwell Family Trust." Possible governmental positions In November 2016, Falwell said that President-elect Donald Trump had offered him the position of United States secretary of education, but that he had turned down the offer citing personal reasons and because he did not want to leave Liberty University for more than two years. In January 2017, Falwell said that he had been asked by President Trump to head a task force on reforms for the United States Department of Education. In June 2017, Falwell confirmed to the Chronicle of Higher Education that he would be one of 15 college presidents participating in the task force. The task force was never formed. Political views Homosexuality and LGBT rights In 1981, in a letter asking for support in keeping his "Old-Time Gospel Hour" television program on the air, Falwell spoke out against the "Homosexual Revolution", saying "With God as my witness, I pledge that I’ll continue to expose the sin of homosexuality to the people of this nation. I believe that the massive homosexual revolution is always a symptom of a nation coming under the judgement of God." In October 1999, at the invitation of his longstanding friend, Soulforce founder Mel White, Falwell hosted a meeting of 200 gays and lesbians and 200 members of his own congregation in Lynchburg, in a debate over gay rights. Falwell said during the meeting that his views about homosexuality were unchanged, but that he would moderate his rhetoric. In the follow-up Frontline interview, Falwell echoed views declared by his father that homosexuality was a sin "forbidden by the Bible", and said that "ex-gays" had said, "They believe that they chose in and they chose out." In April 2009, following the Miss USA same-sex marriage controversy, Falwell offered a full scholarship to Carrie Prejean, a beauty pageant contestant who stated during the Miss USA pageant: Well I think it's great that Americans are able to choose one way or the other. We live in a land where you can choose same-sex marriage or opposite marriage. You know what, in my country, in my family, I think I believe that marriage should be between a man and a woman, no offense to anybody out there. But that's how I was raised and I believe that it should be between a man and a woman.In August 2013, Falwell announced that if the federal government forced recipients of its aid to comply with LGBTQ discrimination protections, he would forgo the money. In March 2019, Falwell again caused controversy among LGBT advocates at Liberty University when he said his granddaughter would be "raised according to her God-given gender". Muslims Speaking of the 2015 San Bernardino attack, Falwell stated during the university's 2015 convocation that if "some of those people had got what I have in my back pocket right now," the attack would not have happened. He said that he was astounded that Barack Obama believed more gun control was the best response to the attack. Falwell said that he'd "always thought that, if more good people had concealed-carry permits, then we could end those Muslims before they walked in and killed them." His comments were criticized by both Christians and Muslims. According to one report, Falwell was only heard saying, "then we could end those Muslims before they walked in", with the "and killed them" part drowned out by applause. Falwell later said he was referring to Muslims committing terrorist attacks and not Muslims in general. Donald Trump On January 26, 2016, Falwell endorsed Donald Trump for the Republican nomination in the 2016 presidential election, causing some Liberty University alumni and other evangelicals to express concern that Falwell had "sold his soul." It was later revealed, in a secretly recorded conversation with comedian Tom Arnold that Trump's personal lawyer and "fixer" Michael Cohen, had helped Falwell recover compromising photos prior to securing his endorsement. On July 21, 2016, at the RNC convention in Cleveland, Ohio, Falwell Jr. called Trump "America's blue collar billionaire" and "one of the greatest visionaries of our time" in his endorsement of the candidate he felt most likely to defend the "right to bear arms," "stop Iran...from becoming a nuclear power," and "appoint conservative pro-life justices to the Supreme Court". In an August 19, 2016 editorial in The Washington Post, Falwell compared Trump to Winston Churchill. A group called the Red Letter Christians criticized Falwell for the pivotal role he played in "forging the alliance between white evangelicals and Donald J. Trump, who won 81 percent of their vote." Trump, who is a personal friend of Falwell's, gave the commencement address in 2017 at Liberty University in Lynchburg, a city which has been described by The New York Times as "the heart of pro-Trump evangelical Christianity". In August 2017, following a white supremacist terror attack in Charlottesville, Falwell defended President Trump, saying that he didn't have "a racist bone in his body," adding that the president was being attacked by "thin-skinned Americans": "You know, he's a little abrasive sometimes in the way he says things, and we have some thin-skinned Americans sometimes who ignore the substance of what he's saying because they're put off by his demeanor," Falwell said. "And I think we need to grow up as a people and stop being so easily offended." Asked in a January 2019 interview, "Is there anything President Trump could do that would endanger that support from you or other evangelical leaders?", Falwell answered, "No." Israel In June 2016, Falwell expressed support for Israel when Liberty University moved to invest $5million of its endowment in Israel. Falwell stated, "Liberty is glad to be part of supporting the only democracy that's a close ally of the United States [in an area] that is in such turmoil right now." In April 2017, Falwell referred to Trump as the "dream president" for evangelicals and cited "reuniting Israel with America" and Trump's appointment of "people of faith" in his administration as the reasons why evangelicals support Trump. Coronavirus response and conspiracy theories In March 2020, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) began to spread quickly in the United States, leading to the widespread closures of schools and universities. By March 13, most universities in Virginia announced that they were moving their classes to online-only, discontinuing in-person instruction. Falwell announced on March 13 that in-person classes at Liberty University would resume following spring break (March 14–22, 2020) in defiance of those throughout the country who called for schools to be required to close. Also on March 13, Falwell promoted a conspiracy theory that North Korea and China had collaborated to create the coronavirus. He also said that people were overreacting to the coronavirus outbreak and that Democrats were trying to use the situation to harm President Trump. After Liberty University's spring break, without the knowledge of city officials, Falwell reopened Liberty University on March 23 to students to physically return to the campus despite calls for the campus to stay closed to limit the spread of COVID-19. Falwell then claimed that the mortality rate among young people was low. He also blamed the media for exaggerating the threat of COVID-19, saying, "They are willing to destroy the economy just to hurt Trump." Lynchburg mayor Treney Tweedy criticized Falwell's decision to reopen Liberty University. Virginia's governor, Ralph Northam, criticized Falwell's decision to reopen Liberty University, citing scripture (1 Corinthians 4:2) to support his statement. Marybeth Davis Baggett, a professor at Liberty University, protested against Falwell's reopening of the university in an op-ed published by The Washington Post and Religion News Service. Prior to the school's reopening on March 23, Liberty University's lead physician Thomas W. Eppes Jr. informed Falwell that, "We've lost the ability to corral this thing." Of Liberty University's 15,000 on-campus students, 1,900 students initially returned, with 800 of those subsequently leaving again. Falwell said that the university administration had "no idea" how many other students had returned to off-campus housing. By March 30, according to a report by Eppes, almost a dozen returning students had symptoms of COVID-19, eight students had been told to self-isolate, three had been tested, and one student (who lived off campus) had tested positive for the virus that causes COVID-19. By March 30, the school implemented a policy requiring any student who returned to school to self-quarantine for 14 days. An anonymous student filed suit against Liberty University in April, stating in the lawsuit, "Liberty's decision to tell its students that they could remain on campus to continue to use their housing, meal plans, parking, and the benefits of the services and activities for which their fees paid, was not only illusory and emptybecause there were no more on-campus classes -- but it was also extremely dangerous and irresponsible." Personal life Jerry Falwell Jr. is married to Becki Tilley and lives on a farm in Bedford County, Virginia. The couple have three children, including businessman Jerry "Trey" Falwell III. Before being let go by the university in 2021, Jerry Falwell Jr. was the president of university operations at Liberty University. Falwell Jr. also owns the Alton Hostel (also called the Miami Hostel) in Miami's South Beach. 2019 photographs In 2019, Reuters reported that Falwell asked Trump fixer Michael Cohen for a personal favor: to help get rid of photos described by Cohen as being the kind that would typically be kept "between husband and wife." At least three of the photos were later discovered to be of Falwell's wife. According to Brandon Ambrosino, writing in Politico in 2019: Longtime Liberty officials close to Falwell told me the university president has shown or texted his male confidants – including at least one employee who worked for him at Liberty – photos of his wife in provocative and sexual poses. At Liberty, Falwell is "very, very vocal" about his "sex life," in the words of one Liberty official – a characterization multiple current and former university officials and employees interviewed for this story support. In a car ride about a decade ago with a senior university official who has since left Liberty, "all he wanted to talk about was how he would nail his wife, how she couldn't handle [his penis size], and stuff of that sort," this former official recalled. Falwell did not respond to questions about this incident. 2020–2021 controversies In March 2012, Falwell, his wife, and children stayed at the Fontainebleau Miami Beach luxury hotel, where Falwell's wife met and became friends with Giancarlo Granda, a twenty year old man who worked there as a pool attendant. The Falwells financially backed their son, Jerry "Trey" Falwell III, and Granda in a 2013 purchase of a South Beach hostel called the Alton Hostel, which operates under the name the Miami Hostel. A lawsuit was filed against the Falwells and the man in 2015, dismissed, and then refiled in August 2017. The plaintiffs, a man and his son, claimed they had helped to think of the hostel business idea but had then been wrongfully left out of the venture. In May 2020, after Virginia Governor Ralph Northam implemented a mask mandate amid the COVID-19 pandemic, Falwell criticized the mandate and tweeted a picture of a custom mask with Northam wearing blackface. Falwell apologized for the tweet in early June after being widely criticized by African-American alumni for being insensitive to the black community. In late August, Reuters contacted Falwell and his wife with their initial reporting on his wife's alleged affair with the pool attendant they had met in 2012. Shortly after, on August 23, 2020, Falwell announced in a public statement that his wife had an "improper relationship" several years earlier with a man who later threatened to reveal the affair "unless we agreed to pay him substantial monies". On August 24, Reuters published their report that the man was the pool attendant with whom Falwell had invested in the hostel. The man, now 29 years old, said he began a sexual relationship with the Falwells when he was 20. He claimed that the affair started the same month he met the couple, in March 2012, and continued into 2018. He claimed to have had "frequent" sexual encounters with Becki Falwell while Jerry Falwell Jr. looked on, sometimes in the same room and sometimes remotely via camera. The man shared audiotape, emails, and texts with Reuters as evidence for the veracity of his assertions about the relationship. Later in the day on August 24, it was reported that Falwell had agreed to resign from Liberty University, though Falwell denied the report. An anonymous university official told The Washington Post that there had been a delay in negotiations. On August 25, Falwell confirmed that he had resigned. In October 2020, Falwell sued Liberty University for damaging his reputation, but in December 2020 dropped the lawsuit. On April 15, 2021, Liberty University sued him for $40 million for breach of contract and fiduciary duty. The suit also alleged that Falwell failed to disclose to the university's board of trustees his scandalous affair and "personal impairment by alcohol". 2022 Vanity Fair interview In January 2022, Falwell Jr. and his wife, Becki Tilley, spoke about their scandal in an interview with Vanity Fair. Tilley admitted to a years-long affair with the pool attendant, Giancarlo Granda, starting in March 2012 and continuing through 2014. She said they met when Granda was working at the Fontainebleau hotel in Miami Beach, and that they had made sex tapes with each other. Falwell said that he once walked in on his wife and the pool attendant having sex; he called it "traumatizing." Tilley said that Granda pressured her into sex on one occasion in 2018 although she "kept saying no", and she realized later it could be considered assault. Granda denied the accusation but did not comment on the rest of the interview, promising answers in a forthcoming book and Hulu documentary, God Forbid: The Sex Scandal That Brought Down a Dynasty. References Further reading Jerry Falwell Jr. Wonkette Jerry Falwell Jr. Virginia Business External links Official bio from Liberty University 1962 births Living people 20th-century American lawyers 20th-century Baptists 21st-century American lawyers 21st-century Baptists American conspiracy theorists American Christian Zionists American evangelicals Baptists from Virginia Christian fundamentalists Jerry Falwell Liberty University alumni People from Bedford County, Virginia People from Lynchburg, Virginia Southern Baptists University of Virginia School of Law alumni Virginia Republicans Virginia lawyers
Austromitra volucra is a species of small sea snail, marine gastropod mollusk in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters. Description The length of the shell attains 11 mm; its diameter 5 mm. The small, solid shell is compact and ovate-fusiform. Its colour is purple-slate or cinnamon, with a narrow pale peripheral band and a pale line below the suture. Five whorls remaining in the decollate specimen studied. The suture is channelled. The earlier whorls are sculptured by fine close radial riblets developed on the periphery and vanishing towards the suture. These disappear on the body whorl, which is smooth Between the riblets run spiral threads. The aperture is elliptical and shows four plaits, decreasing anteriorly. The siphonal canal is short. Distribution This marine species is endemic to Australia and occurs off New South Wales and Queensland References Wilson, B. 1994. Australian marine shells. Prosobranch gastropods. Kallaroo, WA : Odyssey Publishing Vol. 2 370 pp. Turner H. (2001) Katalog der Familie Costellariidae Macdonald 1860 (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia: Muricoidea). Hackenheim: Conchbooks. 100 pp. External links volucra Gastropods described in 1915 Gastropods of Australia
This is a list of Government Houses of New Zealand. The two maintained Government Houses serve as residences for the governor-general, serving as the official place of business for the administration, as well as venues for many receptions and state functions. Sometimes, Government House is used to refer metonymically to the office of governor-general. Current Government House, Auckland, the secondary residence Government House, Wellington, the primary residence Former Old Government House, Auckland, now occupied by the University of Auckland See also Government Houses of the British Empire
Hugo Lindenberg (born 25 May 1951) is a South African cricketer. He played in 31 first-class and 16 List A matches for Border from 1986/87 to 1992/93. See also List of Border representative cricketers References External links 1951 births Living people South African cricketers Border cricketers
Diodora fargoi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Fissurellidae, the keyhole limpets and slit limpets. Description The size of the shell reaches 9 mm. Distribution This species occurs in the Caribbean Sea off Panama. References External links To Biodiversity Heritage Library (1 publication) To Encyclopedia of Life To World Register of Marine Species Fissurellidae Gastropods described in 1958
```shell Aliasing ssh connections Clear bash history Terminal based browser Sequential execution using the `;` statement separator ```
Amblymora rufula is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1950. It is known from Malaysia. References Amblymora Beetles described in 1950
The Northern Michigan Predators were a semi-professional ice hockey team that played for one season in the International Independent Hockey League. The IIHL survived less than one month. History The first-ever league game was contested on December 7, 2003 when the Predators hosted the Lansing Ice Nuts. Lansing won the game 3-2. The final game in league history was played on January 4, 2004 when the Predators defeated Lansing 5-2. Of the original six IIHL teams, Northern Michigan played eight league games going 4-4 against Lansing and the Soo City Mavericks. Team personnel G.M. Joseph Kolodziej Head Coach Craig Coxe Asst. Coach Rhett Dudley Captain Mike Wolf Asst. Captain Jacek Wilk Asst. Captain Frank Alfaro References Defunct ice hockey teams in the United States Ice hockey teams in Michigan
```objective-c //===-- ARMMCAsmInfo.h - ARM asm properties --------------------- C++ ---===// // // See path_to_url for license information. // //===your_sha256_hash------===// // // This file contains the declaration of the ARMMCAsmInfo class. // //===your_sha256_hash------===// #ifndef LLVM_LIB_TARGET_ARM_MCTARGETDESC_ARMMCASMINFO_H #define LLVM_LIB_TARGET_ARM_MCTARGETDESC_ARMMCASMINFO_H #include "llvm/MC/MCAsmInfoCOFF.h" #include "llvm/MC/MCAsmInfoDarwin.h" #include "llvm/MC/MCAsmInfoELF.h" namespace llvm { class Triple; class ARMMCAsmInfoDarwin : public MCAsmInfoDarwin { virtual void anchor(); public: explicit ARMMCAsmInfoDarwin(const Triple &TheTriple); }; class ARMELFMCAsmInfo : public MCAsmInfoELF { void anchor() override; public: explicit ARMELFMCAsmInfo(const Triple &TT); void setUseIntegratedAssembler(bool Value) override; }; class ARMCOFFMCAsmInfoMicrosoft : public MCAsmInfoMicrosoft { void anchor() override; public: explicit ARMCOFFMCAsmInfoMicrosoft(); }; class ARMCOFFMCAsmInfoGNU : public MCAsmInfoGNUCOFF { void anchor() override; public: explicit ARMCOFFMCAsmInfoGNU(); }; } // namespace llvm #endif ```
Víctor Manuel Martínez Málaga (1890–1976) was a Peruvian figurative painter, most well-known for his portraits and Andean landscapes of Southern Peru. He was the director of the Escuela Regional de Bellas Artes "Carlos Bacaflor" in Arequipa, Peru. Biography Martínez Málaga was the son of Lucas Manuel Martínez (musician and vihuela teacher) and Natividad Málaga. The early passing of his parents took him to spend part of his childhood with one of his aunts in Mollendo, the main port on the Peruvian southern coast. While in Mollendo, he started to become interested in painting and a more adventurous life which took him to Chile, where he lived for two decades. While abroad, he traveled with several theater companies with whom he traveled through Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia and Chile. He earned a living as a set designer and illustrator of movie and theater posters. In 1918, he returned to Arequipa with a theater company and decided to establish himself back in his birth city. From then on, he dedicated himself completely to painting which he learned on his own. In Arequipa, Martínez Málaga became friends with the most prominent local painters and writers. He joined the Centro Artístico and won the most important awards in his field quickly becoming one of the members of Los Independientes, a new movement of independent painters in Peru. The artist also spent long periods of time living in Cusco, where he established a tight friendship with the renowned Peruvian photographer, Martín Chambi Jiménez. In Cusco, Martínez Málaga also opened his first solo gallery show. He later showed his work in several solo and group exhibits in Arequipa, Puno, Lima, La Paz (Bolivia) among other cities. In 1933, he became a teacher of fine arts at the Colegio Nacional de la Independencia. In 1951, he became professor and Director at the recently opened Escuela Regional de Bellas Artes de Arequipa until he retired in 1966. Martínez Málaga continued to paint until he died in Arequipa on November 28, 1976. Works Between the Peruvian artists of his generation, Martínez Málaga stood out for his portraiture painting. "The human figure", noted the poet César Atahualpa Rodríguez, "has in him one of its most accomplished painters." Along with the portraits he was commissioned to create, Víctor Martínez Málaga created a prolific body of work in which he represented with mastery the farmers and working people from Arequipa and Cusco. His skill in the oil painting technique took him to also represent Costumbrismo scenes, and urban and rural landscapes of the cities where he lived. He was especially interested in his work in the study of the light. Several of his portraits are part of the collection owned by Galería de la Municipalidad de Arequipa and Banco Wiese, while his Costumbrismo pieces are part of private collections in Arequipa, Lima, Cusco and the United States. In 2015, el Gobierno Regional de Arequipa and Cuzzi Editores published the book Martínez Málaga in which a vast collection of his paintings and drawings are showcased. The publication was accompanied with a retrospective exhibit at the Biblioteca Regional Mario Vargas Llosa. Bibliography Guillen, Alberto. Algo sobre pintura peruana. En: La linterna, Arequipa, 1923. Castrillon Vizcarra, Alfonso. Los Independientes: distancias y antagonismos en la plástica peruana de los años 37 al 47. ICPNA, Lima, 2000. Ruid Rosas, Alfonso (edición y textos). Martínez Málaga. Arequipa, Gobierno Regional, 2013. Zevallos, Omar. Los Acuarelistas ArequipeÃ±os 1840-1940. Arequipa, Cuzzi Editores, 2013. References Sources Biblioteca Regional Mario Vargas Llosa: GRA presenta libro del pintor arequipeño Víctor Martínez Málaga. Arequipa - Perú, 2015 1890 births 1976 deaths 20th-century Peruvian painters 20th-century Peruvian male artists Realist painters People from Cusco People from Arequipa Peruvian male painters
Konstantin Kalinovsky (born 3 September 1975) is a Belarusian skier. He competed in the Nordic combined event at the 1998 Winter Olympics. References 1975 births Living people Belarusian male Nordic combined skiers Olympic Nordic combined skiers for Belarus Nordic combined skiers at the 1998 Winter Olympics Place of birth missing (living people)
Magic is a studio album by Amii Stewart released in 1992. The album which includes singles "Don't Be So Shy" and "Don't Stop" was a collaboration with Narada Michael Walden and British songwriting duo Climie Fisher. Track listing "Don't Be So Shy" (Dakota, Walden, Walden) - 4:55 "Stay With Me" (Humes) - 5:36 "I Can't Give Up" (Booth, Romani, Stewart) - 5:19 "Now That We're Here" (Giscombe, Glass, Taylor) - 4:46 "Fly on the Wall" (Biddu, Stirling) - 4:30 "There Has Got to Be a Way" (Climie, Fisher, Morgan) - 4:55 "A Better Day" (Britti, Stewart) - 5:25 "Don't Stop" (Giscombe, Glass, Taylor) - 4:35 "Like a Stone" (Neri, Stewart) - 4:18 "Song for Daddy" (Puccioni, Stewart) - 4:21 "Warm Embrace" (Nava, Stewart) - 3:57 "Le Storie Lunghe" (Nava) - 4:01 Personnel Amii Stewart - Lead vocals, Backing vocals, Backing vocal arrangement Marco Rinalduzzi, Paolo Gianolio - Guitars Danilo Rea, Luca Orioli, Mario Puccioni, Vittorio Cosma - Piano Davide Romani - Bass, Programming, Computer, Backing vocal arrangement Lele Melotti - Drums Luca Cerosimo - Computer, Sampling, Editing Michael Rosen - Alto and Soprano saxophone Miguel Brown, Orlando Johnson, Patrick Booth, Paul Fredericks, Shirley Fredericks, William Lessenberry - Backing vocals Production Amii Stewart - producer Davide Romani - producer Narada Michael Walden - producer References 1992 albums Amii Stewart albums albums produced by Narada Michael Walden
Bhupendrasinh is an Indian politician and was state Cabinet minister for Education (Primary, Secondary and Adult), Higher and Technical Education, Law and Justice, Legislative and Parliamentary affairs, Salt Industry, Cow-Breeding and Civil Aviation in the Second Vijay Rupani cabinet. On 12 May 2020, the Gujarat High Court declared that the 2017 election of Chudasama was invalid. The proceedings were stayed by the Supreme Court a few days later. References Year of birth missing (living people) Living people Place of birth missing (living people) Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Gujarat Gujarat MLAs 2012–2017 Gujarat MLAs 2017–2022 State cabinet ministers of Gujarat
The West Coast Eagles are an Australian rules football team from Perth, Western Australia. It was founded in 1986, and had its first season in the Victorian Football League (VFL) the following year. The VFL was renamed the Australian Football League (AFL) in 1990 due to it being a national competition. Since entering the AFL, the West Coast Eagles have had six senior coaches, as well as Jaymie Graham, who filled in for Adam Simpson for one game. In 2019, the West Coast Eagles joined the Western Australian Football League (WAFL) for the first time. They were forced to withdraw from that league in 2020 due to the AFL creating a rule that AFL-listed players cannot play in any state-based leagues, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. West Coast have since rejoined the WAFL in 2021. West Coast's WAFL team has had two senior coaches. In 2020, the West Coast Eagles joined the AFL Women's. West Coast's AFLW team has had three senior coaches. To qualify for this list, a coach must have coached the club in any regular season match or finals match. Pre-season matches, exhibition matches and other types of matches are not included. Key VFL/AFL Note: Statistics are correct as to the end of the 2023 AFL season. WAFL Note: Statistics are correct as to the end of the 2023 WAFL season. AFL Women's Note: Statistics are correct as of the end of round 5 of the 2023 AFL Women's season. References Coaches West Coast Eagles coaches West Coast Eagles coaches West Coast Eagles coaches
Duplicati is a backup client that securely stores encrypted, incremental, compressed remote backups of local files on cloud storage services and remote file servers. Duplicati supports not only various online backup services like OneDrive, Amazon S3, Backblaze, Rackspace Cloud Files, Tahoe LAFS, and Google Drive, but also any servers that support SSH/SFTP, WebDAV, or FTP. Duplicati uses standard components such as rdiff, zip, AESCrypt, and GnuPG. This allows users to recover backup files even if Duplicati is not available. Released under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL), Duplicati is free software. Technology Duplicati is written mostly in C# and implemented completely within the CLR, which enables it to be cross-platform. It runs well on 32-bit and 64-bit versions on Windows, macOS and Linux using either .NET Framework or Mono. Duplicati has both a graphical user interface with a wizard-style interface and a command-line version for use in headless environments. Both interfaces use the same core and thus have the same set of features and capabilities. The command-line version is similar to the Duplicity interface. Duplicati has some unique features that are usually only found in commercial systems, such as remote verification of backup files, disk snapshots, and backup of open files. The disk snapshots are performed with VSS on Windows and LVM on Linux. History The original Duplicati project was started in June 2008 and intended to produce a graphical user interface for the Duplicity program. This included a port of the Duplicity code for use on Windows, but was dropped in September 2008, where work on a clean re-implementation began. This re-implementation includes all the sub-programs found in Duplicity, such as rdiff, ftp, etc. This initial version of Duplicati saw an initial release in June 2009. In 2012, work on Duplicati 2 started, which is a complete rewrite. It includes a new storage engine that allows efficient, incremental, continuous backups. The new user interface is web-based, which makes it possible to install Duplicati 2 on headless systems like servers or a NAS. As it is also responsive, it can be easily used on mobile devices. Implementation The Duplicati GUI and command-line interface both call a common component called Main, which serves as a binding point for all the operations supported. Currently the encryption, compression, and storage component are considered subcomponent and are loaded at runtime, making it possible for a third-party developer to inject a subcomponent into Duplicati without access to the source or any need to modify Duplicati itself. The license type is also flexible enough to allow redistribution of Duplicati with a closed-source storage provider. Duplicati is designed to be as independent of the provider as possible, which means that any storage medium that supports the common commands (GET, PUT, LIST, DELETE) can work with Duplicati. The Duplicity model, on which Duplicati is based, relies heavily on components in the system, such as librdiff, TcFTP, and others. Since Duplicati is intended to be cross-platform, and it is unlikely that all those components are available on all platforms, Duplicati re-implements the components instead. Most notably, Duplicati features an rdiff and AESCrypt implementation that work on any system that supports a Common Language Runtime. Limitations of Duplicati 1 The GUI frontend in Duplicati 1.x is intended to be used on a single machine with a display attached. However, it is also possible to install Duplicati as a Windows service or Linux daemon, and set the Duplicati system tray from starting the Duplicati service. This limitation has been addressed in Duplicati 2, which has a web interface and can be used on headless systems. Duplicati 1.x has extremely slow file listings, so browsing a file tree to do restores can take a long time. Since Duplicati produces incremental backups, a corrupt or missing incremental volume can render all following incremental backups (up to the next full backup) useless. Duplicati 2 regularly tests the backup to detect corrupted files early. Duplicati 1.x only stores the file modification date, not metadata like permissions and attributes. This has been addressed in Duplicati 2. See also List of backup software References External links 2008 software Free backup software Free software programmed in C Sharp
Pacific Ridge School, which is referred to as Pacific Ridge or PRS, is an independent co-educational college preparatory school for students in grades 6–12. The private school is located in the Bressi Ranch community of Carlsbad, a coastal resort town located in North San Diego County, California. The school educates 685 students enrolled during the 2022–2023 school year. Pacific Ridge's main academic and athletic rivals are The Bishop's School located in La Jolla, La Jolla Country Day School located in University City and Francis Parker School in Linda Vista. Surrounded on three sides by open space, the 14.5-acre campus is referred to as "the nest" by the PRS community. History and leadership In the fall of 2002, several families began thinking about the prospect for an independent middle and high school in North County San Diego, California. They crafted a mission statement to guide the development and operation of the school, formed a founding Board of Trustees, and purchased land in south Carlsbad for the campus. The school opened in 2007. Dr. Eileen Mullady, an educator with a background in secondary and higher education, came to Pacific Ridge School from Horace Mann School in New York. She took up the position of founding Head of School in the summer of 2005. Current Head of School, Dr. Bob Ogle, joined the founding staff in 2006 and assisted Dr. Mullady and the Board of Trustees implement the vision for Pacific Ridge School, as well as its construction and programs. He became Co-Head of School in July 2011 and succeeded Dr. Mullady upon her retirement in April 2013. Dr. Ogle holds an Ed.D. and an M.Ed. in Educational Leadership and an M.A. in English Education from Teachers College, Columbia University and B.A. degrees in English and Economics from the University of California, Davis. Pacific Ridge welcomed its founding seventh- and ninth-grade students in the fall of 2007. Additional grades were subsequently added and the first graduating class was in 2011. Academics Harkness Learning Pacific Ridge School is Harkness Learning. Instead of sitting at rows of desks facing a blackboard, classes of 15 students sit with their teacher around a large, oval table, called a Harkness table. Because of this arrangement, the exchange of information during a lesson differs from that in a traditional classroom. Students listen, ask questions, and learn from the teacher and from each other. The school maintains a student-to-faculty ratio of 7:1. Pacific Ridge School's curriculum and graduation requirements exceed those of the State of California diploma and UC/CSU eligibility. Global Education Global issues are woven throughout the curriculum and the final weeks of the school year are reserved for student trips. Roughly 90% of students participate in global travel at Pacific Ridge School. 6th and 7th graders explore nature and small communities in Big Bear and Catalina Island; 8th graders consider notions of civic action and national government in Washington, D.C. Students in 9th and 10th grade gain important independence and experience traveling internationally and exploring wilderness environments in the U.S. Eleventh and twelfth-grade students can choose from a number of school-designed trips to destinations around the globe or can plan their own individual travel experience. In 2019, students traveled to South Africa, the Galapagos Islands, Colombia, Vietnam, Kenya, Italy, Iceland, Austin, TX, Vienna and Prague. Since the school's founding, students have traveled throughout 58 countries on six continents. Service Learning As part of the Carlsbad private school's standard curriculum, students in every grade level put ethics into practice, locally and globally, in a year-long Service Learning program. Students meet during a weekly class period to gain academic, teamwork, leadership and problem-solving skills to apply in real-world situations. Campus The 14.5-acre campus consists of a middle school, high school, arts and technology center, innovation center & library, athletic center and artificial turf field. The 27,750-square-foot Middle School and Administration building was built in 2015 and encompasses 11 seminar classrooms, three science labs, a lab prep room and administrative offices. A Middle School Reading room opens to an outdoor courtyard where students can gather to socialize and collaborate. Teacher workrooms overlook the reading room to promote interaction among faculty and students. The 32,500-square-foot high school building was designed with environmental sustainability in mind. Features of the building include 19 seminar-style classrooms, four chemistry, biology and physics laboratories, four teacher workrooms and two double-story reading rooms. An outdoor town square provides space for student gatherings, dining and events. The Arts & Technology Center, built in 2015, includes studios for theater, dance and 2D and 3D art, music practice rooms and exhibition galleries. The Technology Design Center supports digital technology such as film/audio production, graphic design and computer programming as well as a Design & Fabrication studio for robotics work and theater set construction. The Innovation Center & Library, completed in 2021, houses the library, a robotics/maker space, an advanced biotech lab, an electronics and technology lab, the Student Support Center, and several classrooms. Pacific Ridge School's 35,265-square-foot athletic facility is one of the largest among San Diego private schools. The school also has a regulation-size artificial turf soccer and lacrosse field for hosting interscholastic competitions and physical education classes. Admissions The admission process consists of a campus tour, submitting an application, scheduling an interview for both parents and students, taking the Independent School Entrance Exam (ISEE) and submitting academic records and teacher recommendations. Tuition for the 2023–2024 academic year is $40,950. The school provides over $3.5 million in tuition assistance and 31 percent of students receive aid. Faculty Members of Pacific Ridge's faculty have diverse backgrounds and have studied at top institutions across the country and around the world. Currently, they come from 23 different states and nine different countries. Teachers are organized into academic departments as well as grade-level, collaborative teams that meet twice a week. The school employs 85 faculty members, 70% of whom hold advanced degrees. College acceptances Graduates from Pacific Ridge School have been accepted to top colleges and universities in all regions of the United States as well as several countries abroad. The school's college matriculations web page provides a comprehensive list. The diploma requirements are as follows: · English – 4 consecutive years · History-Social Studies – 3 years · Science – 3 years · Mathematics – 3 years · Foreign Language – 3 years of same language · Visual or Performing Arts – 2 years · Service Learning – 2 years · Health – 1 trimester · Athletics/Physical Education – 2 years (or equivalent) Athletics Middle and high school students have the option to participate in team sports at multiple levels during the fall, winter and spring. Pacific Ridge School is a member of the California Interscholastic Federation San Diego Section and competes in the Coastal Conference. Middle school teams compete in the South Coast Middle School League and offer a “no cut” participation policy, so that all students have the opportunity to play team sports and try a sport with which they may not already be familiar. The athletic program includes several highly competitive teams, such as the Pacific Ridge Hockey Club, champion of the 2019 Anaheim Ducks High School Hockey League in 2019 and finalist in the CAHA Division 2 State tournament. Visual and performing arts All seventh and eighth graders participate in a year-long Middle School Arts Program that explores art forms including dance, digital media arts, theater, studio art and music. Student performances are part of the Middle School arts curriculum and take place throughout the year. Upper School students have the option of taking year-long classes in the arts. More than 30 classes are offered. Student life Activities and clubs A variety of activities and clubs are offered at the San Diego private school, most of which are built into the school day, A full list is available online. Some of the Upper School extracurricular activities include Astronomy Club, Digital Arts Club, Finance & Investment, Gardening Club, Improv Theater, Robotics, School Newspaper and Student Council. Some of the Middle School options are Skateboarding Club, Dance Club, Underwater Robotics, Rock Band, Wood Shop and Yoga. Academic competition clubs Model United Nations: The award-winning Pacific Ridge School team participates in several regional and national MUN competitions each year, and hosts the annual North Coast Regional Conference in partnership with High Tech High North County. Academic League: Pacific Ridge School participates in the North Division of the North County Academic League, competing against Mission Vista High School, Rancho Buena Vista High School, Vista High School, Guajome Park Academy, Oceanside High School and El Camino High School. Science Olympiad: Pacific Ridge School competes in the San Diego Regional Science Olympiad in Divisions B and C. Robotics: Pacific Ridge School hosts both Middle School and Upper School Robotics teams and competes in SeaPerch Underwater Robotics and FIRST Tech Challenge. Both teams have progressed to regional and national competitions. Student publications Global Vantage, a student-run publication and service learning group collaborates with students from Kibera Girls Soccer Academy in Kibera, Kenya and Canyon Crest Academy in San Diego. The print and online magazine collects and edits stories from authors around the world, and has won numerous national awards. These include the Edmund J. Sullivan Award (2014), Gold Crown Award (2014, 2012) from the Columbia Scholastic Press Association and the U.S. Department of Education's 2012 National Education Startup Challenge. The Element is a student publication featuring digital media arts, studio arts and poetry. Ridge Report is a weekly online student newspaper. School publications The school publishes its magazine, "The VIEW" twice yearly, as well as weekly e-newsletters to the school community. See also List of primary and secondary schools in San Diego Footnotes Educational institutions established in 2007 High schools in San Diego County, California Private high schools in California Private middle schools in California Carlsbad, California Preparatory schools in California 2007 establishments in California
State Highway 4 (SH-4) connects Arcot with Villupuram. Total length of SH-4 is 114 km. SH-4 Route Arcot -Thimiri -Arani - Chetput - Valathi - Gingee - Muttathur - Villupuram Road. Villupuram Road refers to the junction of SH-4 with NH-45 near Villupuram (Katpadi Gate). Katpadi Gate refers to crossing of Villupuram-Katpadi rail line on NH-45. External links Arcot-Villupuram State Highway Map State highways in Tamil Nadu
This is a list of listed buildings in the parish of Auchterless in Aberdeenshire, Scotland. List \|} Key See also List of listed buildings in Aberdeenshire Notes References All entries, addresses and coordinates are based on data from Historic Scotland. This data falls under the Open Government Licence Auchterless
Zyuganov () is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include: Gennady Zyuganov (born 1944), Russian politician Valeriy Zyuganov (born 1955), Soviet and Russian biologist Leonid Zyuganov (born 1988), Russian politician Russian-language surnames
The is a plain in the Western Province in Zambia. Moukoko or Mukoko is a surname of Cameroonian origin. Notable people with the surname include: Pierre Moukoko Mbonjo (born 1954), Cameroonian politician Tonton Zola Moukoko (born 1983), Swedish former footballer Youssoufa Moukoko (born 2004), German footballer Dieumerci Mukoko Amale (born 1998), Congolese professional Jestina Mukoko, Zimbabwean human rights activist Daniel Mukoko Samba (born 1959), is a politician from the Democratic Republic of the Congo Mukoko Batezadio (born 1992), Congolese international footballer Mukoko Tonombe (born 1996), Congolese professional footballer Surnames of West African origin Surnames of Cameroonian origin Surnames of Democratic Republic of the Congo origin
Szkarada is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sanniki, within Gostynin County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately east of Sanniki, east of Gostynin, and west of Warsaw. References Szkarada
Tournavaux () is a commune in the Ardennes department in northern France. Population See also Communes of the Ardennes department References Communes of Ardennes (department) Ardennes communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia
```java /* * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. * * path_to_url * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. / package org.apache.shardingsphere.infra.executor.sql.process.yaml.swapper; import org.apache.shardingsphere.infra.executor.sql.process.Process; import org.apache.shardingsphere.infra.executor.sql.process.yaml.YamlProcessList; import org.apache.shardingsphere.infra.util.yaml.swapper.YamlConfigurationSwapper; import java.util.Collection; import java.util.stream.Collectors; /* * YAML process list swapper. */ public final class YamlProcessListSwapper implements YamlConfigurationSwapper<YamlProcessList, Collection<Process>> { private final YamlProcessSwapper yamlProcessSwapper = new YamlProcessSwapper(); @Override public YamlProcessList swapToYamlConfiguration(final Collection<Process> data) { YamlProcessList result = new YamlProcessList(); result.setProcesses(data.stream().map(yamlProcessSwapper::swapToYamlConfiguration).collect(Collectors.toList())); return result; } @Override public Collection<Process> swapToObject(final YamlProcessList yamlConfig) { return yamlConfig.getProcesses().stream().map(yamlProcessSwapper::swapToObject).collect(Collectors.toList()); } } ```
TIGO El Salvador is a mobile phone service provider company owned by the international mobile phone company Millicom International Cellular or just MIC. In 2003 Telemovil changed its name to TIGO introducing its GSM Technology, new mobile phone sources, new mobile phones, more coverage, a new fresh look, and also new plans. There are also other TIGO's in Latin America, in the Central American countries of Guatemala, Honduras, and also in the South American nations of Colombia, Paraguay, and Bolivia. TIGO Colombia is the biggest subsidiary of TIGO in the world with a base of 3 million subscribers In El Salvador's competitive mobile phone market TIGO's main rivals are: The Spanish movistar The Mexican Claro The Caribbean Digicel The American RED (this one does not offer GSM services. Just iDEN) TIGO offers the following cellphone brands in El Salvador. Alcatel i-mate LG Motorola Nokia SAMSUNG Siemens Sony Ericsson Palm Treo VK Mobile Tigo Money El Salvador has access to Tigo Money, an electronic wallet that allows users to carry out transactions such as sending and receiving money, paying utility bills, remittances, making payments at different businesses, loans, and recharging Tigo packages. You can register by downloading the Tigo Money app or from the Tigo Money web https://tigomoney.com/sv/home-sv See also All the MIC services as Tigo in Latin America El Salvador TIGO SV Guatemala TIGO GT Honduras TIGO HN Colombia TIGO CO Paraguay TIGO PY Bolivia TIGO BO External links TIGO El Salvador Tigo Money El Salvador Mobile phone companies of El Salvador
Woodcourt College was an independent Anglican single-sex primary and secondary day and boarding school for girls, located in Wardell Road on the boundary between Marrickville and Dulwich, inner western suburbs of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The school was also known as Dulwich Hill Ladies College and Kindergarten. The school opened in 1905 and closed in 1935; its records are held by the State Library of New South Wales. Overview Built as a private residence in 1885, Woodcourt was opened by Grace Hunt, a trained teacher, in 1905. Grace Matilda Hunt (née Henderson) (d.1946) was born in Germany. She was the widow of Harold Wesley George Hunt (died 1903) and had a young family of three, including, a future professor, Harold Arthur Kinross Hunt (died 1977). Woodcourt was acquired by the Anglican Church of Australia in 1919 and became a diocesan school with Hunt remaining as principal until her retirement in 1929. It enrolled both day girls and boarders from kindergarten to the leaving certificate. At its peak, the school had about 150 students and its colours were gold and brown. Internal renovations were made to the buildings in 1929 before Bessie Foster became Headmistress in 1930. When Woodcourt College closed, the land was subdivided and the house was later demolished for apartments. Notable alumnae Phyllis Katherine Fraser Mullens, a nurse See also List of non-government schools in New South Wales List of boarding schools References Defunct Anglican schools in Australia 1935 disestablishments in Australia Educational institutions disestablished in 1935 Educational institutions established in 1905 1905 establishments in Australia Defunct girls' schools in Australia Marrickville, New South Wales
The Scala dei Turchi (Italian: "Stair of the Turks" or “Turkish Steps”) is a rocky cliff on the coast of Realmonte, near Porto Empedocle, southern Sicily, Italy. It has become a tourist attraction, partly due to its mention in Andrea Camilleri's series of detective stories about Commissario Montalbano. The Scala is formed by marl, a sedimentary rock with a characteristic white color, formed from the tests of planktonic foraminifera. They belong to the Trubi Formation, a marine sedimentary unit of Lower Pliocene (Zanclean) age, which were deposited after the Zanclean flood, in which the Mediterranean refilled after having previously nearly completely desiccated during the Messinian salinity crisis. The cliffs lie between two sandy beaches and are a limestone rock formation in the shape of a staircase, hence the name. The latter part of the name derives from the frequent piracy raids by the Saracens during the Middle Ages, and Barbary pirates and, by convention, Turks during the Early modern period; the Turkish pirates, in fact, found shelter in this area less beaten by the winds and represented a safer landing and boarding place. In August 2007 the municipality of Realmonte applied for the inclusion of the Scala dei Turchi (together with the nearby Roman Villa Aurea) in the UNESCO Heritage List. In February 2020, following years of complaints about the poor environmental protection of the site from erosion and vandalism by tourists, Italian prosecutors seized control of the site. They ordered its temporary closure for monitoring and announced that they were investigating a man who claimed ownership of the site in a dispute with the Realmonte local authority. In January 2022 the site was stained red by vandals. References Landforms of Sicily Tourist attractions in Sicily Landforms of Italy Cliffs of Europe External links A guide to visiting Scala dei Turchi
Barford Park is a Georgian country house and park to the south of Spaxton, west of Bridgwater, Somerset, England. It was designated a grade II* listed building on 29 March 1963. The name "Barford" comes from owners of the land, who had a house on the site in the 13th and 14th centuries. Building The current red brick house was built as a two-storey farmhouse, but the front was built in 1710 for the Jeanes family, and another storey and Baroque wings were added in the mid 18th century. The building was restored in the late 20th century by the Stancombs. The floorplan is symmetrical around a main block with two wings. The main bock is two storeys high with an attic and five bays, while the wings are each single storey. In 2013 the house was put up for sale with an asking price of £1,650,000. The new owners carried out extensive renovation works. The park consisted of around in 1837, with a walled kitchen garden to the north of the house. The Victorian pleasure grounds included an "archery glade". A racing stables is maintained within the estate run by Kevin Bishop. Ownership The estate was certainly owned by the Barford family by 1253, who kept ownership until at least 1810, at which point Anne Barford, the sole heir married John Evered. The estate remained with the Evered family and in the early 20th century, the building was owned by John Guy Courtney Evered, who inherited it from his father and died in 1931 shortly after his 100th birthday. Evered had fought in the Crimean War and was the "oldest living Etonian" at the time of his death. Barford House was bought by the Stamcomb family in 1953, who owned the house until 2012. References Houses completed in 1710 Country houses in Somerset Georgian architecture in England Grade II* listed buildings in Sedgemoor Grade II* listed houses in Somerset 1710 establishments in England
Rosemary Goldie AO (1 February 1916 – 27 February 2010) was an Australian Catholic theologian. Goldie was the first woman to serve in an executive role in the Roman Curia; she was undersecretary of the Pontifical Council for the Laity from 1967 until 1976. She also served as an auditor during the Second Vatican Council. Career Rosemary Goldie was born in Manly, New South Wales and raised by her maternal grandmother. She attended high school at Our Lady of Mercy College, Parramatta, and later studied arts at the University of Sydney. She gained a scholarship from the French government which allowed her to study at the Sorbonne where she heard Jacques Maritain. In 1951 she worked at the first First World Congress of the Lay Apostolate and then studied Catholic theology at the academy of the Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith. In 1964 she was one of the first female auditors of the Second Vatican Council. Pope Paul VI made her undersecretary in the newly created Pontifical Council for the Laity in 1967. When the council became a permanent part of the Roman Curia in December 1976, Goldie took a professorship for pastoral theology at the Pontifical Lateran University continuing there as tutor when she retired from that post. In 1990, Goldie was made an Officer of the Order of Australia for "service to religion and to international relations". Goldie served under four popes: Paul VI, who described her as "our co-worker"; John XXIII, who described her as la piccinina ("the little one"); the short-lived John Paul I; and John Paul II who visited her in her Vatican office and who received a copy of her autobiography. She knew Benedict XVI during her days in Rome and he visited her in her nursing home in 2008 on the occasion of World Youth Day 2008. She edited, and wrote an afterword to, the biography of her mother, writer Dulcie Deamer, The Queen of Bohemia (1998, ) and an autobiography, From a Roman Window (1998, ), about the time of her work for the Vatican. She also provided the English translation of Il Cantico dell'uomo by Franco Biffi about Pietro Cardinal Pavan as Prophet of Our Times – The Social Thought of Cardinal Pietro Pavan (1992, ). Goldie died at the Little Sisters of the Poor, Randwick, New South Wales, on 27 February 2010, aged 94. Her mother had died there thirty years previously. In 2018, a new conference room at the Australian embassy to the Holy See was first opened; it is named for Goldie and features a picture of her. References External links "Pioneer Australian Catholic Woman, Rosemary Goldie dies at 94", Christian Today (3 March 2010) 1916 births 2010 deaths University of Sydney alumni University of Paris alumni Officers of the Order of Australia Australian Roman Catholic theologians People from Manly, New South Wales Australian expatriates in France Australian expatriates in Italy
The B4574 is a road linking the villages of Pont-rhyd-y-groes in Ceredigion, Wales, and Devil's Bridge, east of Aberystwyth, and noted for three bridges built one above each other as well as for its falls and narrow gauge steam railway. The route is long, and has been described by the AA as one of the ten most scenic drives in the world The road runs partly along a section of the upper Ystwyth valley, passing the remains of the Cwmystwyth Mines, a monumental arch built to commemorate George III's golden jubilee, and the Hafod Estate. References External links Transport in Powys Transport in Ceredigion Roads in Wales
Comamonas terrigena is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium from the genus Comamonas and the family of Comamonadaceae, which was isolated from contaminated soil in Slovakia. C. terrigena has the ability to degrade phenols. References External links Type strain of Comamonas terrigena at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase Comamonadaceae Bacteria described in 1985
Weekend Lover () is the 1995 directorial debut by Chinese director Lou Ye. The film stars actors Jia Hongsheng and Ma Xiaoqing. Fellow director Wang Xiaoshuai also plays a minor role. The film follows a young man, A Xi, who is recently released from prison. Once released, he seeks out his old girlfriend Li Xin, who has since begun a relationship with La La, a young musician. As the two men vie for her attention, tension and violence escalate. Cast Jia Hongsheng — A Xi, a young man recently released from prison where he had served a term for murder of a fellow teenager. Ma Xiaoqing — Li Xin, A Xi's ex-girlfriend. Wang Zhiwen — La La, Li Xin's new boyfriend. Nai An — Chen Chen, the film's narrator. Wang Xiaoshuai — Zhang Chi, a musician in La La's band. Production Weekend Lover served as Lou Ye's first feature-film since graduating from the Beijing Film Academy in 1989 and is notable for having the youngest production team in Chinese cinematic history upon its release. Shot and produced in 1993 and 1994, once complete, the film was banned for two years by the Chinese film censors; after the ban ended, Weekend Lover was released internationally at the tail end of 1995. Reception Weekend Lovers noir-style and tales of violent disaffected youth led to its comparison with similar films of the period, notably Zhang Yuan's Beijing Bastards. Like that film, Weekend Lover is also considered a defining film for the "Sixth Generation" of Chinese cinema, particularly in its tone and subject matter that focuses on modern urban life instead of traditional Chinese history. Less positive reviews often praised the film as technically assured, but convoluted in its plotting leading at least one reviewer to refer to it as a "minor festival curio." Premieres and awards The film managed to premiere at a handful of foreign film festivals, notably the Turin Young Cinema Festival in 1995. It eventually went on to win the Werner Fassbinder Award for Best Direction' at the 1996 Mannheim-Heidelberg International Film Festival. References External links Weekend Lover at the Chinese Movie Database 1995 films 1990s Mandarin-language films Films directed by Lou Ye 1995 drama films Chinese drama films 1995 directorial debut films
Lsjbot is an automated Wikipedia article-creating program, or Wikipedia bot, developed by Sverker Johansson for the Swedish Wikipedia. The bot primarily focuses on articles about living organisms and geographical entities (such as rivers, dams, and mountains). According to its description page on the Swedish Wikipedia, Lsjbot was active in the Swedish and Waray Wikipedias and is currently active in the Cebuano Wikipedia, and has created most Wikipedia articles in those languages (between 80% and 99% of the total). During 2020, Lsjbot was only performing maintenance on the Cebuano Wikipedia, with no major article creation projects underway. History The program was responsible for 2.7 million articles as of 2014 (at a rate of 10,000 articles per day), and 9.5 million articles as of January 2019 (at a rate of 4,000 per day), two-thirds of which appear in the Cebuano language Wikipedia (the native language of Johansson's wife); the other third appear in the Swedish Wikipedia. On June 15, 2013, the Swedish Wikipedia hit one million articles, the eighth language on Wikipedia to reach that goal. The millionth article was created by Lsjbot – which at that point had created 454,000 articles, almost half of the entire article count of the Swedish Wikipedia. Lsjbot was also responsible for helping the Swedish Wikipedia become the second edition of Wikipedia to reach 2 million articles, which as of 2022 is the largest edition of Wikipedia behind English, Cebuano and German. In February 2020, Vice reported that Lsjbot was responsible for over 24 million of 29.5 million edits at Cebuano Wikipedia, now the world's second largest Wikipedia, with bots comprising all but five of the site's top 35 editors and no human editors in the top 10. However, Lsjbot is no longer creating new articles at the Swedish and Waray-Waray Wikipedias. Sverker Johansson explained that "opinions shifted" within the Swedish Wikipedia community and Waray-Waray editors were unable to form a consensus about the automatic creation of articles. On the Swedish Wikipedia, since early 2017, around 900,000 articles written by Lsjbot have been deleted, due to a lack of adequate documentation or because of other reasons. Apart from these already-deleted articles, as of 26 December 2021, a further number of approximately 200,000 articles await deletion. Overall, starting in 2017, there was an initial pace of approximately 20,000 to 40,000 deletions of Lsjbot-made articles per year, but since July 2020 the pace of deletions has greatly accelerated. In just one year, from July 2020 to December 2021, Swedish Wikipedia fell from 3.72 million articles to 2.79 million articles. Furthermore, since July 2020, the deletion rate has occasionally exceeded 5,000 per day. Media coverage Its operation has generated some criticism, from those who suggest the stub articles lack meaningful content and a human touch. The Sydney Morning Herald compared the bot to Phil Parker, allegedly the most published author in human history, who has published over 200,000 books, each of which is completed in less than an hour using computers. Popular Science compared the bot to the announcement in July 2014 by the Associated Press that it planned to use bots to write articles. Johansson countered attacks on his methods by appealing to problems of gender bias on Wikipedia, noting that if the bot does not write articles, "otherwise they're mainly written by young, white, male nerds and reflect male interests." References External links Source code of Lsjbot Internet bots Internet in Sweden Wikipedia controversies
Welsh HVDC Converter Station is an HVDC back-to-back station connected between the J. Robert Welsh Power Plant and the Oncor Electric Delivery substation at the Monticello Steam Electric Station in Titus County, northeastern Texas. It went in service in 1995 and it can transfer a maximum power of 600 megawatts. It was built for AEP Southwestern Electric Power Company (SWEPCO) in 1995 by Siemens and operates at 170 kV DC. It is tied to the 345 kV 60 Hz AC grids of the ERCOT and SPP. ERCOT documents refer to this link as the "East DC Tie". It uses electrically triggered thyristors, each with a rating of 5.5 kV. References Energy infrastructure completed in 1998 Energy infrastructure in Texas
Leavitt Leo "Bud" Daley (born October 7, 1932), is a former professional baseball player who pitched in the Major Leagues from 1955 to 1964. Leavitt was his father's name. Leo was for St. Leo from his mother's Catholicism. He was called Bud because his mother was an only child and she always wanted a child like her cousin, Buddy Walker. As a player Daley made his home in Orange, California. He was successful in public relations and a skilled speaker. In the offseason he once appeared in seventy-two towns in six states. Daley was a knuckleball pitcher. who threw curves of two different speeds. He became an All-Star pitcher in 1959 and 1960 for the Kansas City Athletics. During that two-year period, Daley won a total of 32 games, and was 3rd in the American League with 16 wins in 1960. In June 1961, he was traded by Kansas City to the New York Yankees, becoming an impact pitcher as the Yanks won the 1961 World Series over the Cincinnati Reds. Daley was purchased by the Cleveland Indians from the Sacramento Solons of the Pacific Coast League on August 18, 1955. The purchase price was not revealed. Daley received offers from five other major league clubs. He signed with the Indians because of his friendship with Bob Lemon, whose children Daley used to babysit for. He dropped his first major league start at Briggs Stadium in a 6–2 loss to the Detroit Tigers. Harvey Kuenn hit an 8th-inning home run in a game in which the Tigers reached Daley for nine of ten hits in the first six innings. Daley was optioned to the Indianapolis Indians on July 4, 1956. On September 7 he was one of 7 players recalled from the American Association farm team. On March 31, 1958, Daley was traded, along with Gene Woodling and Dick Williams, to the Baltimore Orioles, for Larry Doby and Don Ferrarese. On April 18 Daley was traded to the Athletics for pitcher Arnie Portocarrero. Daley put together a 4-game win streak in 1959. On June 6 he beat the Orioles 5–1, for his 5th win of the season. He conceded five hits to Baltimore, and afterwards, had allowed only a single run in his previous four games. Casey Stengel selected Daley as one of seven pitchers he picked for the American League All-Star team on July 2. Daley pitched a 5-hitter against the Orioles on July 21. The 8–1 win would have been a shutout except for a homer by Walt Dropo, which Daley gave up with two out in the 9th inning. Kansas City earned its 6th straight victory with a 3–0, 4-hitter, thrown by Daley against Boston, on July 25. For the 7th place Athletics Daley achieved a 16–13 record with a 3.17 ERA in 1959. On July 29 Daley was sidelined with an infected knee, which had hurt while sliding. His record was 11–6. He gained his 12th win against the Washington Senators with relief help from Tom Sturdivant. Daley concluded the 1959 season with a 16–13 record. Bob Cerv hit two home runs which assisted Daley in stopping a four-game winning streak by the Detroit Tigers, in May 1960. He earned his 10th victory of the season in June with an 11-7 decision over the Boston Red Sox. He yielded 7 earned runs, 4 of them on 2 home runs and a run scoring single by Ted Williams. Daley suffered his 16th setback against the Tigers on October 2, in a 6–4 loss. He had an equal number of wins. He was traded to the New York Yankees after being relegated to the Kansas City bullpen during the 1961 season. The move impaired his effectiveness as a pitcher. Frank Lane was responsible for trading Daley to the Athletics and then to the Yankees. Daley knew how to throw a spitball, describing the process to Ned Garver when both were with the Athletics. First, Daley would make his thumb and fingers moist. Then, he would hold them by the white part of the baseball, not on the seams. He tried to squeeze it like a watermelon seed as he threw it. This would keep the ball from spinning and often cause it to sink. Right arm Daley's right arm is one inch shorter than his left, and he is unable to fully straighten it. It is often rumoured that Daley was born naturally right-handed but developed polio as a child, "withering" his right arm. In fact Daley was born left-handed and his right arm and side are healthy. He did suffer temporary paralysis to his right arm after birth due to forceps pinching a nerve. However, massage and exercise restored the limb to health. Daley's mother, Mrs. E.G. Petzoldt, once said, "No one wanted a baby more than I did. But Buddy was so crippled I didn't want him to live." Although he could barely raise it high enough to comb his hair, Daley himself says that he has been living with it all his life without feeling handicapped a bit. In fact, Daley served as a fifth infielder, was competitive as a batter, shot golf in the low 80s, and was a proficient fisherman. References External links Baseball Almanac 1932 births Living people Major League Baseball pitchers Baseball players from Orange, California Cleveland Indians players Kansas City Athletics players New York Yankees players San Diego Padres (minor league) players Indianapolis Indians players Wilson Classical High School alumni
```java package com.example.polly; // snippet-start:[polly.java2.demo.main] // snippet-start:[polly.java2.demo.import] import javazoom.jl.decoder.JavaLayerException; import software.amazon.awssdk.core.ResponseInputStream; import software.amazon.awssdk.regions.Region; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.polly.PollyClient; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.polly.model.DescribeVoicesRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.polly.model.Voice; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.polly.model.DescribeVoicesResponse; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.polly.model.OutputFormat; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.polly.model.PollyException; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.polly.model.SynthesizeSpeechRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.polly.model.SynthesizeSpeechResponse; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import javazoom.jl.player.advanced.AdvancedPlayer; import javazoom.jl.player.advanced.PlaybackEvent; import javazoom.jl.player.advanced.PlaybackListener; // snippet-end:[polly.java2.demo.import] /** * Before running this Java V2 code example, set up your development * environment, including your credentials. * * For more information, see the following documentation topic: * * path_to_url */ public class PollyDemo { private static final String SAMPLE = "Congratulations. You have successfully built this working demo " + " of Amazon Polly in Java Version 2. Have fun building voice enabled apps with Amazon Polly (that's me!), and always " + " look at the AWS website for tips and tricks on using Amazon Polly and other great services from AWS"; public static void main(String args[]) { PollyClient polly = PollyClient.builder() .region(Region.US_WEST_2) .build(); talkPolly(polly); polly.close(); } public static void talkPolly(PollyClient polly) { try { DescribeVoicesRequest describeVoiceRequest = DescribeVoicesRequest.builder() .engine("standard") .build(); DescribeVoicesResponse describeVoicesResult = polly.describeVoices(describeVoiceRequest); Voice voice = describeVoicesResult.voices().stream() .filter(v -> v.name().equals("Joanna")) .findFirst() .orElseThrow(() -> new RuntimeException("Voice not found")); InputStream stream = synthesize(polly, SAMPLE, voice, OutputFormat.MP3); AdvancedPlayer player = new AdvancedPlayer(stream, javazoom.jl.player.FactoryRegistry.systemRegistry().createAudioDevice()); player.setPlayBackListener(new PlaybackListener() { public void playbackStarted(PlaybackEvent evt) { System.out.println("Playback started"); System.out.println(SAMPLE); } public void playbackFinished(PlaybackEvent evt) { System.out.println("Playback finished"); } }); // play it! player.play(); } catch (PollyException \| JavaLayerException \| IOException e) { System.err.println(e.getMessage()); System.exit(1); } } public static InputStream synthesize(PollyClient polly, String text, Voice voice, OutputFormat format) throws IOException { SynthesizeSpeechRequest synthReq = SynthesizeSpeechRequest.builder() .text(text) .voiceId(voice.id()) .outputFormat(format) .build(); ResponseInputStream<SynthesizeSpeechResponse> synthRes = polly.synthesizeSpeech(synthReq); return synthRes; } } // snippet-end:[polly.java2.demo.main] ```
Les Hampson was an Australian rugby league footballer who played in the 1950s and 1960s. He played for Newtown and Eastern Suburbs in the New South Wales Rugby League (NSWRL) competition. Playing career Hampson made his first grade debut for Newtown in 1955. Hampson was part of the Newtown side which claimed the minor premiership that year. Newtown would go on and reach the 1955 NSWRL grand final against Souths. Newtown went into the game as favourites as South Sydney were without a few of their star players, including future immortal Clive Churchill. Souths reached the grand final on the back of 9 victories in a row, including 2 sudden death finals games. Hampson played at prop in the game which Newtown led at halftime 8-4 before Souths came back to win a thrilling contest 12–11. This would be Newtown's last grand final appearance for another 26 years. In 1956, Hampson was selected to play for New South Wales. Hampson played with Newtown until the end of 1959 before departing the club to join Eastern Suburbs. Hampson played 1 season for Easts in 1960 as the club reached the grand final against St George. Hampson missed out on playing in the final as St George won convincingly 31–6. References 1934 births 1997 deaths Australian rugby league players Newtown Jets players Sydney Roosters players New South Wales rugby league team players Rugby league players from Sydney Place of death missing Rugby league props
Xenylla is a genus of springtails and allies in the family Hypogastruridae. There are at least 120 described species in Xenylla. See also List of Xenylla species References Further reading External links Poduromorpha Springtail genera
Gujarat Titans (GT) is a professional franchise cricket team based in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. The Titans compete in the Indian Premier League (IPL). Founded in 2021, Gujarat Titans' home ground is Narendra Modi Stadium in Motera. The franchise is owned by CVC Capital Partners. The team is captained by Hardik Pandya and coached by Ashish Nehra. They won their maiden title in the 2022 season, which was also their debut season. Franchise history The Governing Council of the Indian Premier League issued an invitation to tender for two new sides in August 2021. A total of 22 companies declared an interest, but with a high base price for the new teams, there were no more than six serious bidders. The Board of Control for Cricket in India allowed a consortium of three companies or individuals to bid for each franchise. In October 2021, CVC Capital Partners won the rights to operate the Ahmedabad franchise with a bid of . Ahead of the IPL 2022 auctions, the franchise drafted Hardik Pandya as their captain. In February 2022, the team was officially named Gujarat Titans. Team history 2022 IPL season Although their auction methods and their selections during their first-ever auction were considered weak, and the team was written off, the Titans surprised everyone with their performances, gaining their first win against fellow newcomers Lucknow Super Giants. That win was the first in their inaugural campaign, which saw the Titans eventually win 10 of their 14 group matches, qualifying at the top of the table with 20 points. They then won the first qualifier against Rajasthan Royals, whom they would meet again in the final after their qualifier win against Royal Challengers Bangalore. Gujarat won the final by restricting Rajasthan to 130 on a pitch on which they were asked to bowl first, and chasing down the target with 11 balls to spare, which included Shubman Gill hitting the winning six off the first ball of the 19th over. Hardik Pandya was adjudged the Man of the Match for his bowling figures of 3/17 and his 34 from 30 balls with a strike rate of 113.33. Critics have praised Pandya's captaincy, bowling, and batting, with many agreeing that he and the management used their players well and worked as a team to win the tournament. This win meant that Gujarat became the second team to win the IPL in their very first season, the first being their final opponents, Rajasthan Royals. Nevertheless, Gujarat became the first team in the IPL against teams who already have been playing since 2008 to win the title in their very first outing. This win is also Hardik's 5th IPL title, and first as a captain, having won all previous four with the Mumbai Indians. Team identity The team anthem used to be 'Aava De'. In the first IPL season, the song was sung by Aditya Gadhvi. Home ground The team's home ground is the Narendra Modi Stadium, which is situated in Motera, Gujarat. Kit manufacturers and sponsors Seasons Current squad Players with international caps are listed in bold. Administration and support staff Statistics Overall results in the IPL Last updated 22 May 2023 By opposition Last updated 27 May 2023 References External links Official website Indian Premier League teams Cricket in Ahmedabad Sports clubs and teams in India Sport in Ahmedabad Sports clubs and teams established in 2021 2021 establishments in India Cricket clubs established in 2021
Robert Batty, M.D. (14 December 1763 Kirkby Lonsdale, Westmorland – 16 November 1849 Fairlight Lodge, Hastings, East Sussex), was an English physician. Batty was born at Kirkby Lonsdale, Westmoreland. He graduated M.D. at the university of St. Andrews on 30 August 1797, shortly after which he settled in London as obstetric physician. On 30 September 1800, he was admitted by the College of Physicians, a licentiate in midwifery, and on 22 December 1806 a licentiate of the college. He was physician to the Lying-in Hospital, Brownlow Street, and for some years acted as editor of the 'Medical and Physical Journal.' Like his son, Colonel Robert Batty, he was long known as an amateur artist. His daughter, Elizabeth (1791–1875), was married to Philip Martineau, a Master in Chancery. Their son was the English painter, Robert Braithwaite Martineau (1826–1869). He spent his last years at Fairlight Lodge, Hastings, where he died on 16 November 1849 at the age of eighty-five. His portrait by Dance was engraved by Daniell. References 1763 births 1849 deaths 18th-century English medical doctors 19th-century English medical doctors People from Kirkby Lonsdale Alumni of the University of St Andrews People from Fairlight, East Sussex
Vernon National Forest was established as the Vernon Forest Reserve by the U.S. Forest Service in Utah on April 24, 1906 with in the northwestern part of the state near the town of Vernon. It became a National Forest on March 4, 1907. On July 1, 1908 Vernon and Payson National Forests and part of Fillmore were combined to create Nebo National Forest. The lands presently managed under the Uinta-Wasatch-Cache National Forest. See also Harker Canyon (Tooele County, Utah) References External links Forest History Society Listing of the National Forests of the United States and Their Dates (from Forest History Society website) Text from Davis, Richard C., ed. Encyclopedia of American Forest and Conservation History. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company for the Forest History Society, 1983. Vol. II, pp. 743-788. Former National Forests of Utah Protected areas of Tooele County, Utah
Audi museum mobile is an automobile museum owned and operated by Audi AG in Ingolstadt, Bavaria, Germany. Opened in 2000, it is devoted to the history of Audi and its predecessors, and is the focal point of the Audi Forum Ingolstadt. Description The museum is housed within a circular glass and steel building over high. The building was designed by , and the museum concept was developed by KMS (under the creative direction of Michael Keller and Christoph Rohrer). Inside the building, there is a permanent exhibition of about 50 cars and 30 motorcycles and bicycles, as well as numerous other exhibits relating to the history of the Audi, DKW, Horch, Wanderer and NSU brands. A special feature of the museum is a paternoster lift, which displays 14 cars in constant motion. See also August Horch Museum Zwickau AutoMuseum Volkswagen Autostadt List of automobile museums References Notes Bibliography External links Audi Forum Ingolstadt – part of the Audi official site Stadt Ingolstadt: museum mobile – visitor information The New York Times: Touring the Temples of German Automaking – includes a description of a visit to the museum Audi Automobile museums in Germany Ingolstadt Museums in Bavaria
Adil Hermach (; born 27 June 1986) is a former professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder or centre-back. Career Born in Nîmes, France, Hermach represented the Morocco national team in the Olympics. he made his first cap for Morocco in a friendly match against Belgium on 26 March 2008. After signing for Lens from Nîmes, Hermach played in RC Lens reserve team but for the 2007–08 season he was given a squad number for the first team. After the 2008–09 campaign, in which Lens relegated down to Ligue 2, he was a regular starting, making 22 appearances. On 22 June 2011, he ended a six-year spell at Lens to join Saudi Premier League club Al-Hilal. He left the club on 27 December 2013. External links 1986 births Living people French men's footballers Footballers from Nîmes Moroccan men's footballers Men's association football midfielders Men's association football defenders Morocco men's under-20 international footballers Morocco men's international footballers Ligue 1 players Ligue 2 players Belgian Pro League players Saudi Pro League players UAE Pro League players Championnat National 3 players Championnat National 2 players Nîmes Olympique players RC Lens players K.S.V. Roeselare players Al Hilal SFC players Toulouse FC players Al Wahda FC players Al Dhafra FC players Ajman Club players Stade Beaucairois FC players French sportspeople of Moroccan descent 2012 Africa Cup of Nations players 2013 Africa Cup of Nations players Moroccan expatriate men's footballers Moroccan expatriate sportspeople in Belgium Expatriate men's footballers in Belgium Moroccan expatriate sportspeople in Saudi Arabia Expatriate men's footballers in Saudi Arabia Moroccan expatriate sportspeople in the United Arab Emirates Expatriate men's footballers in the United Arab Emirates
Rank comparison chart of naval forces of Commonwealth of Nations states. Most of the 52 Commonwealth nations have their beginnings in British Empire and have shared naval traditions. By comparison, Gabon and Togo are French colonies, Mozambique is a former Portuguese colony while Rwanda is a German and later, Belgian colony. Even after some had achieved a degree of independent government from the UK, their naval protection was still British; the Royal New Zealand Navy did not exist separately until 1941. Officers See also Comparative navy officer ranks of the Americas Ranks and insignia of NATO navies' officers Notes References Military comparisons
The Tarzan Swing () is a short story by Victor Pelevin, published in 1994. Plot The main motifs of Pelevin's story are the themes of sleep, loneliness, the ascent to an unknown goal, and the mortality of the human world. The main character of the story Peter Petrovich together with the unfamiliar interlocutor are walking through the night city in the light of the moon on a silvery path. Peter Petrovich argues about the meaning of life, about faith, about the human soul. His interlocutor is speechless and wears a dark hood that hides his face. At some point Peter Petrovich begins to suspect that the stranger is his own reflection. He sees a cable hanging from the wall and recalls a childhood pastime: bungee jumping. To check if the person he is talking to is a reflection, Petr Petrovich hangs on the cable and, swinging, hits the person he is talking to. It turns out that the interlocutor is not his reflection. In response to Petr Petrovich's request to tell him the truth, the interlocutor replies: "Does the word 'lunatic' mean anything to you?" And then Petr Petrovich realizes that he is standing on the ledge of a house thirty meters above the ground. The tin ledge was the silvery path. Peter Petrovich is horrified. The interlocutor moves away, and Petr Petrovich unsuccessfully tries to remember who he was. In the end, the story ends safely for Pyotr Petrovich: "He turned back, stepped around the corner and easily jumped down a few meters, where it was more comfortable to walk... He looked around one last time, then meekly looked up, smiled and slowly wandered along the shimmering silver lane." One might suggest that the Dream of the Soul in the story is an evil that gets in the way of going forward. Everyone around him is asleep and only Peter Petrovich walks forward because he is awake. And this path along the moonlit path is endless. This path is interpreted as the road of truth, surrounded on all sides by darkness. The hero sometimes veers off the path, pursuing erroneous goals, but in the end he still returns to this road. The space in the story "The Tarzan Swing" is distinct and concrete, and it is possible to visualize it. The lyrical hero is contrasted with the people. He is not with them, but beyond the windows, which are very often mentioned in the story, and he goes to the truth. The silvery road is the path of truth, moving along which the main character becomes happy. The road is surrounded by darkness on all sides. The hero strayed from the true path, plunging into the darkness, pursuing erroneous goals (he chased a cat, which ended up being a package). But he returns to the road of truth all the same. The hero travels through parts of space as the story progresses. At the end, the reader sees him move to a new level: the ledge of a house. The hero climbs higher and higher, eventually becoming "a perfectly happy man." There are several boundaries in the space of the story, which are the basis for the oppositions: street - apartment; the lyrical hero - the people outside the windows; the moon - the human world; the top - the bottom. The theme of sleep is revealed in the story as follows: the lyrical hero's soul used to be awake and now wakes up only rarely. Sleep in the story is evil and the impossibility to move forward to the eternal. All the people around are asleep; only the protagonist can move forward because he is awake. References 1994 short stories Short stories by Victor Pelevin Existentialist short stories
The National Points Championship is a season-long competition for BriSCA Formula 1 Stock Cars. The winner is granted the honour of racing with a silver roof for the following season. History The first season-long championship started in 1956. Drivers' scores at every stock car meeting were recorded to create the championship table. During the late 1990s, when Frankie Wainman Junior dominated, there was criticism that the National Points Championship was predictable and favoured drivers who had the money to race at as many meetings as possible. The National Series was created in 2002. Rather than the points accumulated over the entire season counting towards the winner, the National Series was competed for over 35 designated meetings. The season-long National Points Championship survived, but its importance was downgraded, and the privilege of racing with a silver roof for the following season was transferred from it to the National Series. In 2009, the National Series was amended. This time, the top ten points-scoring drivers over the first two-thirds of the season were entered in the National Series Shootout, beginning with no points except for a small number of meeting attendance points. The drivers raced over ten designated Shootout rounds, with the points scored in them deciding the winner of the National Series. In 2010, the number of competing drivers was increased to twelve. From 2012, the National Series Shootout was rebranded the National Points Championship Shootout. The most successful driver in National Points Championships and National Series is Frankie Wainman Junior, who has won fourteen. Other notable multiple winners include Stuart Smith (thirteen), John Lund (six), Fred Mitchell (three), Andy Smith (three) and Frankie Wainman (three). List of winners References External links National Points Championship information at F1stockcars.com National Series/Points statistics at BriSCAF1stox.com Stock car racing in the United Kingdom Stock car racing series Auto racing series in the United Kingdom Motorsport competitions in the United Kingdom
The UK Withdrawal from the European Union (Legal Continuity) (Scotland) Bill 2018, colloquially known as Continuity Bill within the Scottish Parliament or the EU Continuity Bill within Scotland, provided for all matters devolved under the Scotland Act 1998 and subsequent legislation that are currently under the control of the European Union, to be repatriated to the Scottish Parliament upon 'exit day'. It was referred to as the Scottish EU Continuity Bill outwith Scotland, was a passed legislative bill by the Scottish Parliament with a stated view to prepare devolved elements of Scots law in view of the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union. This bill was introduced to the Scottish Parliament amid failing negotiations between the Scottish Government and the Government of the United Kingdom on where key powers, which would ordinarily be devolved, should lie on the United Kingdom's exit from the European Union. The bill was referred to the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom under section33 of the Scotland Act 1998 by the Attorney General for England and Wales (on behalf of the UK Government) and the Advocate General for Scotland. The case summary according to the court in UK Withdrawal from the European Union (Legal Continuity) (Scotland) Bill 2018 – A Reference by the Attorney General and the Advocate General for Scotland ([2018] UKSC 64) stated: On 13December2018, the Supreme Court ruled that only section17 of the bill would have been outwith the legal competence of the Scottish Parliament under the Scotland Act 1998 at the time of its passage. However, due to the passage and enactment of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 by the UK Parliament while the Scottish Bill was under review, many more sections of the bill are not within its legal competence and that the bill as far as those sections are concerned is therefore 'not law'. The governments of Scotland and of the United Kingdom differed sharply on the outcome. The (UK) Secretary of State for Scotland, David Mundell, said the court had "provided much-needed legal clarity" that the bill "goes beyond the powers of the Scottish Parliament". But Scotland's Brexit Secretary Michael Russell argued that the UK government had "changed the rules of the game midway through the match" in an "act of constitutional vandalism". See also European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 References 2018 in Scotland 2018 in British law Brexit United Kingdom constitutional case law
Thandi River is a river of Burma. The Thandi River lies in Burma's southern region of Ayeyarwady. It is a tributary of the Irrawaddy River. The river flows for most part at an elevation of below sea level. The course of the river passes through areas sparsely populated with an average of 266 people inhabiting every square kilometer of land. The Thandi River is also known as Thandeik River. Towns and settlements near the river include Kyônda (), Donyan (), Kyònbaw (), Begyi (), Kyôndat (), Nyaungleingôn () and Thandi (). References See also List of rivers of Burma Rivers of Myanmar
The Sâmnic (also: Glod) is a left tributary of the river Olt in Romania. It flows into the Olt near Râmnicu Vâlcea. Its length is and its basin size is . References Rivers of Romania Rivers of Vâlcea County
San Jose is a census-designated place in Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, United States. Its population was 695 as of the 2010 census. U.S. routes 84 and 285 pass through the community. Geography San Jose is located at . According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the community has an area of , all land. Education It is in Española Public Schools. The comprehensive public high school is Española Valley High School. References Census-designated places in New Mexico Census-designated places in Rio Arriba County, New Mexico
Eucalyptus baiophylla is a mallee that is endemic to the far west of Western Australia. It has rough, fibrous bark on all its stems, linear adult leaves, oval buds in groups of five or seven, white flowers and conical to more or less barrel-shaped fruit. It is similar to E. prominens which has less rough bark, larger, wider leaves and fruit with the valves more protruding. Description Eucalyptus baiophylla is a mallee that often has sprawling lower branches, that grows to a height of and has a lignotuber. It has rough, loose, fibrous bark on all its stems. The leaves on young plants and on coppice regrowth are dull bluish green, linear and up to long and wide. Adult leaves are linear, long and wide and the same colour on both surfaces. The flowers are arranged in groups of five or seven in leaf axils on a peduncle long, individual flowers on a pedicel long. The mature buds are oval, long and wide. The operculum is hemispherical to conical, about the same length as the flower cup. The flowers are white and the fruit is a cone-shaped to slightly barrel-shaped capsule, long and wide with the valves not protruding above the rim. Taxonomy and naming Eucalyptus baiophylla was first formally described in 2012 by Dean Nicolle and Ian Brooker from a specimen collected on the road to Exmouth, 48km from the North West Coastal Highway. The specific epithet (baiophylla) is derived from the Ancient Greek words baios meaning "little" and phyllon meaning "leaf", referring to the small leaves of this species compared to those of E. zopherophloia and E. prominens. Distribution and habitat This eucalypt grows in sand over limestone, often on low rises and occurs on the Giralia Range between the Exmouth Gulf and Lake MacLeod in the Carnarvon biogeographic region. Conservation Eucalyptus baiophylla is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife. See also List of Eucalyptus species References baiophylla Myrtales of Australia Eucalypts of Western Australia Plants described in 2012 Taxa named by Ian Brooker
Brooke McEldowney is a writer and musician, known as the creator of the comics 9 Chickweed Lane and Pibgorn. Life McEldowney was born in Charleston, West Virginia, and grew up in Florida. As a child he regularly drew and made music. He studied music at the Juilliard School of Music, obtaining a Bachelor of Arts degree and a Master of Arts degree in the viola, and also practiced drawing by drawing dancers at the School of American Ballet. After graduating, McEldowney lived in Central Europe for some time. In 2017, McEldowney posted that he had been hospitalized with a stroke, which had left him unable to function as a cartoonist for a while. Washington Post writer Gene Weingarten described McEldowney in 2019 as "a charming man and something of a polymath [who is] "one of the best artists drawing cartoons today". Career Music and music writing McEldowney has worked as a chamber musician and a freelance journalist, writing about classical music for Opus and Keynote. According to McEldowney, he taught music for a time when he lived in Greenwich, Connecticut. He was assistant editor and contributing cartoonist for Opus, a classical music magazine, and has had cartoons published in Yankee and Pulse. His first cartoon sale was to Punch. Comics McEldowney's first comic, 9 Chickweed Lane, was syndicated and appeared in newspapers in 1993. It won the National Cartoonists Society Award for in the Newspaper Strips division in 2005. It has been published in several collections. His second comic, Pibgorn, began in 2002 and is only published online. The webcomic follows the title character, a fairy whose adventures span the fantasy and real worlds. Pibgorn and 9 Chickweed Lane occasionally cross over. McEldowney described Pibgorn as "very much an outgrowth of A Midsummer Night's Dream." McEldowney's comics have often been described as sex-focused or as having more depiction of physical intimacy than typical newspaper comics. Washington Post writer Michael Cavna said that "we usually can rely on our cartoon coitus to be only implied... But cast our innocent eyes toward "9 Chickweed Lane"... and it's starting to get hot'n here." In other posts he said that McEldowney, "flat-out rejoices in drawing women's bodies" and that both of his comics were "putting the 'strip' in comic strip". Another Washington Post writer, Gene Wingarten, said about 9 Chickweed Lane, "I believe his audience gets him and what drives him: He is fascinated by sex, is mystified by, and in love with women, and finds the mating dance hilarious." On the sexual nature of the comic, Weingarten said, "As a cartoonist McEldowney learned long ago that he can get away with what others might not be able to because he is an elegant illustrator, because his female characters are strong and smart, and because most of them are not drawn to be ridiculous, cliched, cartoony unattainable physical types." The comic's "curious, sexually charged atmosphere" has sometimes led to complaints from readers. Critic Nathan Rabin said of 9 Chickweed Lane, "every comic strip seems to be exclusively about how unbelievably horny the men in the strip are for their impossibly willowy, leggy, ethereal partners and how equally horny the women are for their dorky yet erudite and urbane husbands... It feels like the only “gag” in 9 Chickweed Place is how unbelievably horny all the characters are for each other." A writer for the Lincoln Heights Literary Society said that "Pibgorn... is probably the best illustration of the power and freedom a webcomic offers a good artist. It's got sex, violence, religion, the supernatural, pin-ups, naked flying babes, sci-fi, long and complex story arcs, and, lately, a Noir voice in the narration... This is hardly an X-rated strip, but there are plenty of things in it I wouldn't want to try to explain to anyone under, oh, thirty." A review by the Mythopoeic Society called one story arc "the sexiest interpretation of Shakespeare I’ve ever seen." In an interview, McEldowney said of Pibgorn, "I get all sorts of reactions. People love it intensely, people consider it violent and evil, people don't get it at all. However, I draw it for myself only. I don't care what anybody thinks of it, and it is a joy to immerse myself in it without having to look over my shoulder for audience approval." In 2010, McEldowney asked for the GoComics comment sections for 9 Chickweed Lane and Pibgorn to be removed, saying that the "tenor of posts became subject more and more to abuse." The website stated that "Without a doubt, Pibgorn is a comic strip that generates a lot of conversation. But given Pibgorn’s particular subject matter, and the themes depicted in many of Brooke’s breathtaking sketches and finished pieces, the nature of the conversation and atmosphere on the Pibgorn pages has often taken a turn for the…well, let’s lightly refer to it as ‘unrestrained.’" Other works McEldowney wrote the play Many Mansions, which premiered in 2005. The play, a satire of religious hypocrisy, features a violinist, Cecily Gosling, who has dreamt of a place called Many Mansions, a fantasy world with fairies, nymphs, naiads and a God-like figure named Max Odd. Meanwhile, a young man named James Unser cannot embrace priesthood due to the church's sanctions against romantic love. Another character, J.J. Aubrey, concludes that his and others' existence depends on one true believer, Cecily. McEldowney started working on the play in the 1980s, but set it aside multiple times. References External links Chickweed Café: McEldowney's "9 Chickweed Lane" blog (accessed 2015-12-16) Pib Press publishes the "Pibgorn" books. American webcomic creators Living people Writers from Charleston, West Virginia Juilliard School alumni Artists from Maine Artists from West Virginia 1952 births
Der Preis fürs Überleben is a 1980 West German drama film directed by Hans Noever. It was entered into the 30th Berlin International Film Festival. Cast Michel Piccoli - René Winterhalter Martin West - Joseph C. Randolph Marilyn Clark - Betty Randolph Suzie Galler - Kathleen Randolph Daniel Rosen - Thomas Randolph Ben Dova - Old Jim Leonard Belove - Henderson Michael Stumm Roger Burget Al Christy William Kuhlke Henry Effertz Kurt Weinzierl Charles Lewis Jones- Preacher References External links 1980 films 1980 drama films German drama films West German films 1980s German-language films Films directed by Hans Noever Films set in the United States 1980s German films
This is the full filmography of Zeenat Aman, an Indian actress who is known for her work in Bollywood films. Aman began acting in 1970, and her early works included the films The Evil Within (1970) and Hulchul (1971). Her breakthrough came with the film Hare Rama Hare Krishna (1971), in which her performance was praised, and she won the Filmfare Best Supporting Actress Award for her performance. She next starred in the film Yaadon Ki Baaraat (1973), for which she received further recognition, and established herself as a leading actress in the seventies with starring roles in Roti Kapada Aur Makaan (1974), (1974), Warrant (1975), Chori Mera Kaam (1975), Dharam Veer (1977), Chhailla Babu (1977), Hum Kisise Kum Naheen (1977), and The Great Gambler (1979), all of which were successful. In 1978, Aman starred in the film Satyam Shivam Sundaram, which has received critical acclaim, and for the role, she was nominated for the Filmfare Award for Best Actress. She also starred in Don (1978), a film which spawned the Don film series. In the 1980s, Aman had leading roles in five successful films in a row, Abdullah (1980), Alibaba Aur 40 Chor (1980), Qurbani (1980), Dostana (1980), and Insaf Ka Tarazu (1980), the latter of which Aman received praise for her performance, earning her another nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Actress. She continued starring in films throughout the 1980s, starring in the successes Laawaris (1981), Mahaan (1983), Pukar (1983), Jagir (1984), and also had roles in the films Teesri Aankh (1982), Hum Se Hai Zamana (1983). Following her marriage to actor Mazhar Khan in 1985, Aman began appearing less frequently in films to focus on her marriage, and took a hiatus in 1989, appearing in her last film for that period, Gawaahi. In 1999, Aman made a comeback to acting, appearing in the film Bhopal Express. She didn't continue acting until 2003, appearing in the film Boom, and has since starred in Ugly Aur Pagli (2008), Dunno Y... Na Jaane Kyon (2010), Chaurahen (2012), Strings of Passion (2014), Dunno Y2... Life Is a Moment (2015), Dil Toh Deewana Hai (2016), Sallu Ki Shaadi (2017), and Panipat (2019). Filmography References External links • Indian filmographies Actress filmographies
Cordingly is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: Beth Cordingly (born 1976), English actress David Cordingly (born 1938), English naval historian Eric Cordingly (1911–1976), British Anglican bishop See also Cordingley
Jazz Canada is a Canadian music television series which aired on CBC Television in 1980. Premise This series featured jazz concerts as produced in studio at Halifax, Toronto and Vancouver. Featured artists included Production Jim Guthro co-ordinated the production among the CBC regional centres involved. Episodes were taped as live performances in sparse studio settings with the intent to highlight the performances themselves. Guest artists featuring during the series included Tommy Banks Orchestra, Ed Bickert, Brian Browne, Jim Galloway Band, Sonny Greenwich, Paul Horn, Moe Koffman Quintet, Fraser MacPherson, Manteca, Rob McConnell and the Boss Brass, Big Miller, Nimmons 'n' Nine Plus Six, Doug Riley and the Don Thompson Trio. Scheduling This hour-long series was broadcast Fridays at 11:45 p.m. (Eastern) from 29 February to 18 April 1980. From 6 July 1980, it moved to a Sunday 4:00 p.m. time slot until its final episode was broadcast on 3 August 1980. References External links CBC Television original programming 1980 Canadian television series debuts 1980 Canadian television series endings 1980s Canadian music television series
Edward C. Welsh (March 20, 1909 - March 25, 1990) was an official of the United States federal government, best known for serving as the Executive Secretary to the National Aeronautics and Space Council (NASC) during the John F. Kennedy presidential administration. Prior to his appointment he had served as an adviser to Kennedy's Democratic rival in the presidential campaign Senator Stuart Symington on space-related issues. Following Symington's elimination in the party primary, JFK's advisers borrowed space and defense-related content Welsh had developed for Symington in order to fend off an aggressive stance by the Republican candidate Richard M. Nixon. An important instance appeared under Kennedy's name in the October 10, 1961, edition of Cold War-era important trade publication Missiles and Rockets magazine. It included the stirring charge: "We are in a strategic space race with the Russians, and we are losing....Control of space will be decided in the next decade. If the Soviets control space they can control earth, as in centuries past the nation that controlled the seas dominated the continents...We cannot run second in this vital race. To insure peace and freedom we must be first." This shortly morphed in Kennedy's advisers' hands into his infamous "Missile Gap" speech of October 18, 1960, wherein the then United States senator exaggeratedly claimed the Soviet Union was far ahead of the U.S. in developing missiles with nuclear warheads rather than the U.S. holding a distinct superiority. Shortly into his tenure as head of NASA Welsh drafted an amendment to the 1961 Space Act at Kennedy's behest that made the vice president instead of the president chairman of the National Space Council. Lyndon B. Johnson then assumed an important role in the long and difficult task of finding someone willing to serve as NASA administrator in an environment of uncertainty and ambiguity. Johnson immediately spearheaded the effort that recommended a lunar landing and return as the best way to beat the Soviets in space, resulting in the forging of the strong relationship with that agency he maintained throughout his presidency. Secure in office Kennedy began to backtrack on his hawkish campaign rhetoric on expanding the role of defense in space, while embracing the civilian space exploration program and its lunar ambitions. Indicating this shift regarding the militarization of space, Kennedy strongly insisted in a May 1961 memorandum to Welsh, then still his top space administrator, that the president be advised beforehand of any effort to launch any systems involving nuclear power into space. Welsh left his role in the Executive prior to Johnson commencing his elected term as president in January 1964. In 1967 he was recognized by being invited to deliver prestigious Charles P. Steinmetz Memorial Lecture at Union College. References 1909 births 1969 deaths NASA people
```c++ #include "UEPyAssetUserData.h" #if WITH_EDITOR PyObject py_ue_asset_import_data(ue_PyUObject self, PyObject * args) { ue_py_check(self); UStruct u_struct = (UStruct )self->ue_object->GetClass(); UClassProperty u_property = (UClassProperty )u_struct->FindPropertyByName(TEXT("AssetImportData")); if (!u_property) { return PyErr_Format(PyExc_Exception, "UObject does not have asset import data."); } UAssetImportData import_data = (UAssetImportData )u_property->GetPropertyValue_InContainer(self->ue_object); FAssetImportInfo import_info = &import_data->SourceData; PyObject ret = PyList_New(import_info->SourceFiles.Num()); for (int i = 0; i < import_info->SourceFiles.Num(); i++) { PyObject py_source_file = PyDict_New(); PyDict_SetItemString(py_source_file, "absolute_filepath", PyUnicode_FromString(TCHAR_TO_UTF8(import_data->ResolveImportFilename(import_info->SourceFiles[i].RelativeFilename, NULL)))); PyDict_SetItemString(py_source_file, "relative_filepath", PyUnicode_FromString(TCHAR_TO_UTF8(import_info->SourceFiles[i].RelativeFilename))); PyDict_SetItemString(py_source_file, "timestamp", PyLong_FromLong(import_info->SourceFiles[i].Timestamp.ToUnixTimestamp())); #if ENGINE_MINOR_VERSION > 19 PyDict_SetItemString(py_source_file, "filehash", PyUnicode_FromString(TCHAR_TO_UTF8(LexToString(import_info->SourceFiles[i].FileHash)))); #else PyDict_SetItemString(py_source_file, "filehash", PyUnicode_FromString(TCHAR_TO_UTF8(LexicalConversion::ToString(import_info->SourceFiles[i].FileHash)))); #endif PyList_SetItem(ret, i, py_source_file); } return ret; } PyObject py_ue_asset_import_data_set_sources(ue_PyUObject * self, PyObject * args) { ue_py_check(self); PyObject py_files; if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O:asset_import_data_set_sources", &py_files)) { return nullptr; } TArray<FString> filenames; UStruct u_struct = (UStruct )self->ue_object->GetClass(); UClassProperty u_property = (UClassProperty )u_struct->FindPropertyByName(TEXT("AssetImportData")); if (!u_property) { return PyErr_Format(PyExc_Exception, "UObject does not have asset import data."); } if (PyUnicodeOrString_Check(py_files)) { filenames.Add(FString(UTF8_TO_TCHAR(UEPyUnicode_AsUTF8(py_files)))); } else { PyObject py_iter = PyObject_GetIter(py_files); if (!py_iter) { return PyErr_Format(PyExc_Exception, "argument is not a string or an interable of strings"); } while (PyObject py_item = PyIter_Next(py_iter)) { if (!PyUnicodeOrString_Check(py_item)) { Py_DECREF(py_iter); return PyErr_Format(PyExc_Exception, "argument is not a string or an interable of strings"); } filenames.Add(FString(UTF8_TO_TCHAR(UEPyUnicode_AsUTF8(py_item)))); } Py_DECREF(py_iter); } UAssetImportData import_data = (UAssetImportData )u_property->GetPropertyValue_InContainer(self->ue_object); FAssetImportInfo import_info = &import_data->SourceData; TArray<FAssetImportInfo::FSourceFile> sources; for (FString filename : filenames) { sources.Add(FAssetImportInfo::FSourceFile(filename)); } import_info->SourceFiles = sources; Py_RETURN_NONE; } #endif ```
The Chin Students' Association (CSA) is the student body of the Zomi people living in the country of India. It is one of the main bodies of the TCU or Tedim Chin Union. There is also another body known as the CYA, or Chin Youth Association. It is the youth organ of the Chin. It works for the development and upliftment of the Chin people. There is also a Tedim Chin Cultural Club (TCCC) Hall at Lanva in the Churandpur District of Manipur, India. The Chin Student Association plays an important role in the student activities of the Chin. See Also Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad External links Vaphual Zomi news is a news blog run by the Chin Students Association in New Delhi called Vaphual.net. It covers news from and about northeast India, Burma and Zomi all over the world. This site attracts readers from all over the world with more than 15,000 views per month. Vaphual news blog collects articles on Zomi history, culture, and folklores of the Zomi people. Student societies in India
Lieutenant General Stanisław Maczek (; 31 March 1892 – 11 December 1994) was a Polish tank commander of World War II, whose division was instrumental in the Allied liberation of France, closing the Falaise pocket, resulting in the destruction of 14 German Wehrmacht and SS divisions. A veteran of World War I, the Polish–Ukrainian and Polish–Soviet Wars, Maczek was the commander of Poland's only major armoured formation during the September 1939 campaign, and later commanded a Polish armoured formation in France in 1940. He was the commander of the famous 1st Polish Armoured Division, and later of the I Polish Army Corps under Allied Command in 1942–45. Family Stanisław Władysław Maczek was born on 31 March 1892 in the Lwów suburb of Szczerzec (now Ukrainian: Shchyrets), then in Austro-Hungarian Galicia. His father was a lawyer, who after retiring opened chambers in Drohobycz. His family was of distant Croatian extraction; he was a cousin of the Croatian politician Vladko Maček. Education After graduating from the grammar school at Drohobycz in 1910, he attended the philosophy faculty of Lwów University where he studied Polish philology (i.e. language and literature). Among his tutors were the renowned Polish philologists and Józef Kallenbach, He also attended lectures by Kazimierz Twardowski. During his studies he served in the Strzelec paramilitary organization, in which he received basic military training. After the outbreak of World War I, Maczek interrupted his studies, hoping to join Józef Piłsudski's Polish Legions, but instead was drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Army. World War I After receiving a brief officer training, Maczek was sent to the Italian Front of World War I. Initially an NCO in the Tyrolean Regiment of the Imperial and Royal Army, he was promoted to second lieutenant in 1916 and then in 1918 to lieutenant. As the only Polish battalion commander in Austria-Hungary's Alpine regiments, Maczek gained experience in mountain warfare, which proved valuable in his later career. Poland's borders On 11 November 1918, after receiving news of the Armistice, Maczek disbanded his battalion and returned to the newly reborn Poland. Three days later he arrived at Krosno, where he joined the Polish Army. Assigned the command of a Krosno battalion, Maczek began a limited offensive against the forces of the West Ukrainian People's Republic (ZUNR) with the aim of relieving his besieged hometown. However, due to insufficient support, after initial successes at Ustrzyki, Chyrów and Felsztyn, the Polish offensive got bogged down and the Polish–Ukrainian War turned into trench warfare for the rest of the winter. In April 1919 Maczek was withdrawn from his unit and became the organizer and commander of the so-called 'flying' company () as part of Gen. Aleksandrowicz's 4th Infantry Division. This unit, created on Maczek's initiative, was modelled after the German Sturmbataillone of World War I and was highly mobile, with horse-drawn vehicles (in the singular, taczanka, podwoda) from Austrian Army depots, and well-equipped with heavy machine guns. The unit was formed mostly from battle-hardened troops of the Krosno battalion, and its combat value was well above the average of the Polish Army of the time. Hence it served in a "firefighter" capacity, plugging holes that appeared in defensive lines, but also fighting with distinction in the Polish spring offensive. It took part in some of the heaviest fighting of the war, including the battles for Drohobycz, Stanisławów, Buczacz, and finally the ZUNR capital, Stryj. After the end of the Polish–Ukrainian fighting, Maczek was confirmed in the rank of major with seniority from 1 June 1919. He was then attached to General 's Polish 2nd Army as a staff officer. Bored with staff duties, Maczek repeatedly asked his superiors to give him command over a front-line unit. His wish was fulfilled only after the start of the Polish–Bolshevik War, when the 2nd Army suffered a defeat in initial clashes with Semyon Budyonny's 1st Cavalry Army. In Jarosław, Maczek formed a new 'flying' rifle battalion, mostly composed of fresh recruits and horseless uhlans. Despite insufficient training, the unit was moved to the front and Maczek again acted as a "firefighter", moving his unit quickly to wherever it was needed. His unit covered the retreat of the Polish forces at Mosty Wielkie, after which it was attached to Gen. Juliusz Rómmel's 1st Cavalry Division. It took part in the Polish assault on Waręż near Zamość, a tactical counter-assault on the rear of Budyonny's advancing Cossacks directly preceding the victorious battle of Komarów. After the end of hostilities, Maczek's battalion was officially named after him, although it was disbanded shortly after the signing of the treaty of Riga. Interwar years Maczek decided not to resume his studies at Lwów University and remained in active service. Between 1921 and 1923 he commanded an infantry battalion within the Lwów-based 26th Infantry Regiment. On 1 August 1923 he was promoted to lieutenant colonel and sent to the Higher Military School in Warsaw. He graduated the following year and served until 1927 as head of Section II (intelligence) in Lwów. Later that year he moved to Grodno, where he became deputy commander of the 76th Infantry Regiment. In 1929, after finishing his training, he became commander of the Grodno-based 81st Infantry Regiment, holding that post until 1934. During that time, on 1 January 1931, he was promoted to colonel. In 1935 he was transferred to Częstochowa, where he became commander of infantry (practically, deputy commander of the whole division) in the 7th Infantry Division. In October 1938 Maczek's experience as a commander of "flying" troops received recognition from his superiors, and he was given command of the Polish 10th Motorized Cavalry Brigade, the first fully motorized formation in the Polish Army. September 1939 On the outbreak of war in September 1939, the 10th Motorized Cavalry Brigade was attached to the Kraków Army defending Lesser Poland and Silesia. Equipped with only light tanks and tankettes and with only one artillery battery of just eight heavy cannons, the brigade went into battle on the first day of war. After the Battle of Jordanów, Maczek's unit faced the entire German XVIII Corps of Gen. Eugen Beyer and successfully shielded the southern flank of the Polish forces, along the Beskids. Supported by only a few battalions of Border Guards and National Defence troops, Maczek's motorized brigade faced two Panzer divisions (4th Light Division under von Hubicki and 2nd Panzer Division under Veiel), as well as the 3rd Mountain Division under Eduard Dietl. For five days Maczek's brigade fought bravely and efficiently, slowing the pace of the German Blitzkrieg to a bloody crawl: despite numerical and technical superiority, the Germans were unable to make more than 10 kilometres headway per day. Maczek's men took maximum advantage of the mountainous terrain, halting many German attacks and occasionally counter-attacking. However, after the front of the Kraków Army was broken to the north of the brigade's position, Maczek's formation was pulled out of the front line. The brigade then fought as a screening unit, defending the bridges and fords in Lesser Poland, until it arrived at Lwów and joined the city's defences. It formed a mobile reserve during the battle for Lwów, allowing other Polish units to withdraw towards the Romanian Bridgehead. However, the plan was made obsolete by the invasion of Poland by the Soviet Union on 17 September. After two days, Marshal of Poland Edward Rydz-Śmigły ordered the brigade to cross the Hungarian border. Maczek's brigade was interned in Hungary. Although the unit had lost about half of its men, it had not been defeated in open combat, and therefore gained respect even from the enemy. It is considered to be the only Polish unit not to have lost a single battle in 1939. Maczek was not only esteemed by his superiors but also loved by his soldiers, who referred to him as , a traditional Polish highlanders' name for a shepherd. France, 1940 After the end of the September campaign Maczek made it to France, where he joined the re-created Polish Army and was promoted to the rank of brigadier-general. He was made the commanding officer of the Polish military camp in Coëtquidan. He then prepared a detailed report on the workings of German Blitzkrieg tactics, and possible precautions against it. This report was, however, completely disregarded by the French general staff (the Germans captured it – unopened). He also started gathering any 10th Brigade veterans who had reached France in two camps in Paimpont and Campeneac. His aim was to preserve the integrity of his former unit and prevent the conscription of some of the best-trained Polish soldiers into standard infantry formations, where their experience would probably have been wasted. However, the French command was initially not interested in the formation of a Polish armoured unit and the Polish 10th Armoured Cavalry Brigade received almost no equipment. It was not until March 1940 that Maczek received a dozen obsolete FT-17 tanks for training, plus a few dozen cars and motorcycles. Everything changed when Germany invaded France in the spring of 1940, by simply bypassing the Maginot Line. General Maczek's unit suddenly received all the equipment it requested, under one condition: they had to go into action immediately. That proved impossible, because many of Polish soldiers had no experience with the new French equipment and there was no time for training exercises. General Maczek decided instead to lead a small force of his best-trained men, hoping that the rest of his unit would join them later. That small force was called the 10th Armoured Cavalry Brigade () in honour of the "Black Brigade" from 1939. On 6 June, 10th Brigade had one tank battalion, two strong motorized cavalry squadrons, one anti-tank battery and one anti-aircraft battery. It was attached to the French 4th Army near Reims and ordered to cover its left flank. However, Maczek's unit was much too weak to achieve success against German armoured divisions. Polish soldiers managed to cover only one retreating French infantry division by attacking German forces in Champaubert-Montgivroux. Later the brigade had to withdraw with the rest of the French troops and joined the French XXIII Corps. On 16 June the brigade attacked by night the town of Montbard over the Burgundy Canal. Maczek's soldiers achieved complete surprise and took many German prisoners. However, by then the brigade was fighting alone, with the French units on both flanks either routed or in retreat. There were no French forces to take advantage of that victory and the decimated Polish unit found itself surrounded and without fuel. On 18 June, Maczek decided to destroy unusable equipment and withdraw on foot. Later that day he had to split the remnants of his brigade into small groups, so they could pass through the enemy lines. Many of Maczek's men, including the general himself, found their way through Vichy France, North Africa and Portugal to the United Kingdom, where a Polish armored unit was recreated, while others joined the Polish and French resistance organizations in France and Belgium. Maczek relocated to London. Scotland Initially, the British high command wanted to use the recreated Polish Army solely for defence of the Scottish coastline between Aberdeen and Edinburgh, and the veterans of the Polish tank formations who arrived to the UK were pressed into the Polish 2nd Rifle Brigade under General Rudolf Orlicz-Dreszer. However, immediately on Maczek's arrival the idea was abandoned and General Władysław Sikorski managed to persuade the British government to create instead a Polish armoured unit. After two years of training at the Blairgowrie training ground, in February 1942 General Maczek formed the 1st Polish Armoured Division. Initially serving in defence of the Scottish coast between Montrose and the Firth of Forth, the division was equipped by the British authorities with Churchill and M4 Sherman tanks in preparation for the Normandy landings. To Germany Towards the end of July 1944 the Polish 1st Armoured Division was transferred to Normandy, where it was to prove its worth during the 1944 invasion of Normandy. Attached to the First Canadian Army, Maczek's men entered combat on 8 August, seeing service during Operation Totalize. The division twice suffered attacks of friendly fire from U.S. Army Air Force aircraft, yet achieved a brilliant victory against the Wehrmacht in the battles for Mont Ormel, Hill 262 and the town of Chambois. In this series of offensive and defensive operations, which came to be known as the Battle of Falaise, 14 German Wehrmacht and SS divisions were trapped in the huge Chambois pocket and destroyed. Maczek's division had the crucial role of closing the pocket to block the escape route of the German divisions. After this decisive battle, Maczek's Division continued to spearhead the Allied drive across the battlefields of northern France, Belgium, the Netherlands and finally Germany. During its progress it liberated Ypres, Oostnieuwkerke, Roeselare, Tielt, Ruislede and Ghent in Belgium. (Coincidentally, the Polish word maczek means "poppy" in English, the symbol of remembrance associated with the area around Ypres in the First World War.) Thanks to an outflanking manoeuvre, it proved possible to free Breda in the Netherlands after a hard fight but without incurring losses in the town's population. A petition on behalf of 40,000 inhabitants of Breda resulted in Maczek being made an honorary Dutch citizen after the war. The Division's finest hour came when its forces accepted the surrender of the German naval base of Wilhelmshaven, taking captive the entire garrison, together with some 200 vessels of Hitler's Kriegsmarine. Maczek commanded the 1st Armoured Division until the end of European hostilities and was promoted to major-general. After the capitulation of Germany he went on to command the Polish I Corps and became commanding officer of all Polish forces in the United Kingdom until their demobilization in 1947. Exile After the war, Maczek was stripped of Polish citizenship by the Communist government of the Polish People's Republic, and thus had to remain in Britain. He left the army on 9 September 1948 but was denied a general's pension by the British government as he had not been a member of the British armed forces. As a result, Maczek worked as a barman at an Edinburgh hotel until the 1960s. Although living in the United Kingdom, General Stanisław Maczek had a strong connection to the Netherlands. Besides being a regional hero to the areas he liberated in World War II, he was awarded honorary citizenship of the city of Breda. Recently acquired archive documents show that the Polish general secretly received a yearly allowance from the Dutch government, for the rest of his life. He got his allowance, because Mayor Claudius Prinsen of Breda was worried in 1950, after receiving information that Maczek was in a 'difficult financial situation'. The Polish general was doing unskilled labor to make ends meet. He also had to take care of a chronically ill daughter who needed costly treatment. The mayor of Breda informed the Dutch national government that a war hero was in financial need. He made an appeal to the government to help the man that liberated the Netherlands. The government decided quickly and awarded Maczek an indexed general's pension, which was paid for by the Ministry of Foreign affairs from a secret budget. The Dutch government did not want this to be made public, due to its sensitive nature. In the Cold War period, announcing that the Dutch were paying a non-communist Polish ex-general, would certainly strain diplomatic relations with the communist Polish government and the Soviet Union. Not to mention, it would confront the British government with a not so proud moment in their history. Uninformed about his improved financial situation, the Dutch public responded at once in 1965 when news came that his chronically ill daughter needed costly medical treatment in Spain. The Dutch population raised a substantial amount of money following a national radio broadcast for the Maczek family, helping out the general that liberated them. In 1972 an appeal was made by the Poolse Katholieke Vereniging in Nederland to the Dutch Parliament. This organization became the voice for the remaining Polish veterans in the Netherlands and asked for compensation of pension lost due to the aftermath of the war. The Dutch Ministry of Defence did not meet this request, based upon the Algemene Militaire Pensioenwet (1966), which stipulates that non-Dutch persons needed to have been associated with the Dutch Armed Forces during the war period, in order to be entitled to a wartime pension. In 1989, the last Polish Communist Government of Prime Minister Mieczysław Rakowski issued a public apology to the General, and in 1994 he was presented with Poland's highest state decoration, the Order of the White Eagle. Lieutenant General Stanisław Maczek died on 11 December 1994, at the age of 102. According to his last wish, he was laid to rest among his soldiers at the Polish military cemetery in Breda, the Netherlands. Each year during Liberation Day festivities, Breda is visited by a large Polish contingent and the city devotes part of the festivities to the fallen Polish soldiers. Many artefacts and memorabilia belonging to Maczek and the 1st Polish Armoured Division are on display in the Polish Institute and Sikorski Museum in London. In 2018 a bronze statue was unveiled in honour of General Maczek in the quadrangle of the Edinburgh City Chambers. A footpath crossing Bruntsfield Links which leads to the general's former home in Arden Street in Marchmont, has been named General Maczek Walk. Honours and awards Order of the White Eagle (1994) Knight's Cross of the Order of Virtuti Militari Gold Cross of the Order of Virtuti Militari Silver Cross of the Order of Virtuti Militari Grand Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta Commander's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta Cross of Valour Gold Cross of Merit with Swords Grand Officer of the Order of the Crown with Palms (Belgium) Croix de Guerre with Palms (Belgium) Commandeur of the Legion of Honour (France) Croix de Guerre with Palms (France) Médaille commémorative de la guerre 1939–1945 (France) Commander of the Order of Orange-Nassau (Netherlands) Order of the Star of Romania IV Class (Romania) Companion of the Order of the Bath (United Kingdom) Distinguished Service Order (United Kingdom) Gallery In popular culture Maczek, as the leader of the 10th Motorized Cavalry Brigade, is a historical figure in the novel A Witness to Gallantry: An American Spy in Poland 1939. In The Death of the Fronsac by Neal Ascherson, a Polish officer, Maurycy Szczucki, serves with General Maczek in World War II. After the war, Szczucki returns to Edinburgh where he discovers the impoverished Maczek working as a barman in the Learmonth Hotel. The General is frequently visited by old comrades, who "salute him before they order a whisky." See also List of Poles Polish contribution to World War II Polish Armed Forces in the West Western betrayal World War II Behind Closed Doors: Stalin, the Nazis and the West Poles in the United Kingdom Great Polish Map of Scotland Stanisław Sosabowski References External links OpusMedia.fr , Captain Kazimierz Duda – 1st Polish Armoured Division – C.K.M. Montormel.evl.pl, History of 1st Polish Armoured Division Montormel.evl.pl, 1st Polish Armoured Division in the battle of Falaise New research on Maczeks post-war situation 1892 births 1994 deaths Burials in the Netherlands Military personnel from Lviv Oblast Military personnel from the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria Polish generals Austro-Hungarian military personnel of World War I Polish military personnel of World War II Polish centenarians Men centenarians Polish emigrants to the United Kingdom Knights of the Virtuti Militari Grand Crosses of the Order of Polonia Restituta Recipients of the Cross of Valour (Poland) Recipients of the Cross of Merit with Swords (Poland) Commanders of the Legion of Honour Recipients of the Croix de Guerre (France) Honorary Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath Companions of the Distinguished Service Order Commanders of the Order of Orange-Nassau Grand Officers of the Order of the Crown (Belgium) Recipients of the Croix de guerre (Belgium) Commanders of the Order of the Star of Romania Polish people of the Polish–Soviet War Polish people of the Polish–Ukrainian War Polish people of Croatian descent Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Poland)
Majak Daw (born 11 March 1991) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for the North Melbourne Football Club and the Melbourne Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). Daw and his family in Australia are refugees from the civil wars in Sudan. Daw became the first Sudanese Australian to be drafted to an AFL club when he was contracted to North Melbourne in the 2009 AFL Draft. Daw's drafting gained international attention; it was reported by the BBC, the Voice of America and Sudan Tribune. His AFL career is to have inspired a whole generation of African Australians to take up the sport and many others who followed his career path. Early life Daw was born in Khartoum, Sudan, the third of his parents' eventual seven children. His family fled the Second Sudanese Civil War, living in Egypt for three years, then moved to Australia in 2003. TAC Cup years Playing for the Western Jets Daw was identified as a future key-position player by North Melbourne and the Western Bulldogs. Daw went to the 2009 Victorian Screening portion of the AFL pre-draft testing. He impressed with a 13.6 in the beep test and 3.03 seconds in a 20-metre sprint along with a standing jump of 70 centimetres. He was one of 11 young Australian rules footballers to be given 2010 Mike Fitzpatrick Scholarships awarded by the AFL Players Association and accepted the awards on behalf of the other players. AFL career Draft to North Melbourne Daw was picked up with the ninth pick in the 2010 rookie draft. His draft pick gained international media attention. His career at North Melbourne began with playing for VFL club Werribee, where he continued to develop his game. He made his first appearance for North Melbourne in a pre-season NAB cup match against the Western Bulldogs on 20 February 2011. In April 2011, playing for Werribee, Daw kicked an impressive running goal from beyond 50 m out, prompting calls for his inclusion to the senior team. He made his first appearance for North Melbourne in a NAB Cup match on 20 February 2011. VFL racism incident On 4 June 2011, Majak Daw was racially abused by a Port Melbourne Football Club supporter while he was playing for the Werribee Tigers in the VFL. Daw stated that it "made [him] feel really small". The man has since been banned from all VFL games until he completes an anti-racism workshop and formally apologises to Daw for the slur. The incident has led to renewed calls to stamp out racism in sport, with former Victorian Premier Ted Baillieu calling Daw a hero. Suspension from North Melbourne senior team Daw was suspended from North Melbourne Football Club in February 2012 and remanded to the Werribee Tigers for an indefinite period for lying to the club and coach Brad Scott about a "night on the town" during a period in which he was recovering from knee surgery. AFL debut In 2013, Daw had an excellent showing in the 2013 NAB Cup, which prompted calls for his inclusion in the Senior Side. When tall forward Robbie Tarrant went down with a thigh injury, Daw was brought in to replace him and make his debut in Round 4 against the Brisbane Lions. In the first minute of the game, Daw marked the ball inside 50, and kicked his first AFL goal with his first AFL kick. However, his debut ended on a sour note when he collided with teammate Ben Cunnington and suffered a concussion before quarter time, and he took no further part in the game. North went on to win the game by 63 points. Daw held his spot and played the next week, scoring no goals but three behinds against Hawthorn. In Round 7 against the Western Bulldogs, Majak had a breakout performance in just his fourth career game, kicking a game-high 6 goals in North's 54-point win. After the match, North Melbourne coach Brad Scott said of Majak: "'Maj' is a good example of what you can do with really hard work. Hard work trumps talent any day of the week." 2015–present He was delisted in October 2015; however, he was re-drafted in the 2016 rookie draft. In 2016, Majak Daw won Mark of the Year after taking a specky against Collingwood. Majak played the most games in a season in his career at that point, with nine, in addition to playing in his first final, which was in an elimination final against , and kicking four goals despite North Melbourne losing 141–79. In 2017, after having a season full of injuries and only managing to play seven games in total, at the end of the 2017 AFL season Daw eyed more versatility as an AFL player. In the 2018 off-season, Daw changed his position from a forward to a defender. Daw sought this change because he thought it was his last chance at thriving in the AFL. Majak played his first game as a defender against in the AFLX series. Later on in Round 3 against , Daw officially played his first game as a defender. Daw was delisted by at the end of the 2020 AFL season after a mass delisting by which saw 11 players cut from the team's list. Daw was recruited to the Melbourne Football Club in 2021, playing at VFL-level all that season. Daw struggled with injury during his time at Melbourne and did not play a senior game for them before announcing his retirement in June 2022. Statistics Statistics are correct to the end of round 12, 2022 \|- style="background:#EAEAEA" \| scope="row" text-align:center \| 2011 \| \| 38 \|\| 0 \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|- \| scope="row" text-align:center \| 2012 \| \| 38 \|\| 0 \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|- style="background:#EAEAEA" \| scope="row" text-align:center \| 2013 \| \| 38 \|\| 6 \|\| 9 \|\| 8 \|\| 29 \|\| 14 \|\| 43 \|\| 16 \|\| 11 \|\| 28 \|\| 1.5 \|\| 1.3 \|\| 4.8 \|\| 2.3 \|\| 7.2 \|\| 2.7 \|\| 1.8 \|\| 4.7 \|- \| scope="row" text-align:center \| 2014 \| \| 38 \|\| 8 \|\| 6 \|\| 10 \|\| 35 \|\| 24 \|\| 59 \|\| 20 \|\| 27 \|\| 54 \|\| 0.8 \|\| 1.3 \|\| 4.4 \|\| 3.0 \|\| 7.4 \|\| 2.5 \|\| 3.4 \|\| 6.8 \|- style="background:#EAEAEA" \| scope="row" text-align:center \| 2015 \| \| 38 \|\| 2 \|\| 2 \|\| 0 \|\| 8 \|\| 3 \|\| 11 \|\| 4 \|\| 10 \|\| 29 \|\| 1.0 \|\| 0.0 \|\| 4.0 \|\| 1.5 \|\| 5.5 \|\| 2.0 \|\| 5.0 \|\| 14.5 \|- \| scope="row" text-align:center \| 2016 \| \| 38 \|\| 9 \|\| 9 \|\| 12 \|\| 52 \|\| 34 \|\| 86 \|\| 34 \|\| 28 \|\| 72 \|\| 1.0 \|\| 1.3 \|\| 5.8 \|\| 3.8 \|\| 9.6 \|\| 3.8 \|\| 3.1 \|\| 8.0 \|- style="background:#EAEAEA" \| scope="row" text-align:center \| 2017 \| \| 38 \|\| 7 \|\| 4 \|\| 3 \|\| 28 \|\| 20 \|\| 48 \|\| 17 \|\| 23 \|\| 112 \|\| 0.6 \|\| 0.4 \|\| 4.0 \|\| 2.9 \|\| 6.9 \|\| 2.4 \|\| 3.3 \|\| 16.0 \|- \| scope="row" text-align:center \| 2018 \| \| 1 \|\| 18 \|\| 10 \|\| 4 \|\| 135 \|\| 81 \|\| 216 \|\| 95 \|\| 44 \|\| 87 \|\| 0.6 \|\| 0.2 \|\| 7.5 \|\| 4.5 \|\| 12.0 \|\| 5.3 \|\| 2.4 \|\| 4.8 \|- style="background:#EAEAEA" \| scope="row" text-align:center \| 2019 \| \| 1 \|\| 0 \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|- \| scope="row" text-align:center \| 2020 \| \| 1 \|\| 4 \|\| 3 \|\| 1 \|\| 17 \|\| 18 \|\| 35 \|\| 9 \|\| 8 \|\| 23 \|\| 0.8 \|\| 0.3 \|\| 4.3 \|\| 4.5 \|\| 8.8 \|\| 2.3 \|\| 2.0 \|\| 5.8 \|- style="background:#EAEAEA" \| scope="row" text-align:center \| 2021 \| \| 28 \|\| 0 \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|- \| scope="row" text-align:center \| 2022 \| \| 28 \|\| 0 \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|\| – \|- style="background:#EAEAEA; font-weight:bold; width:2em" \| scope="row" text-align:center class="sortbottom" colspan=3 \| Career \| 54 \| 43 \| 38 \| 304 \| 194 \| 498 \| 195 \| 151 \| 405 \| 0.8 \| 0.7 \| 5.6 \| 3.6 \| 9.2 \| 3.6 \| 2.8 \| 7.5 \|} Personal life On 1 July 2014, Daw was charged with three counts of rape relating to an alleged sexual assault incident in Altona North in 2007. He had been previously arrested and interviewed over the allegations in May 2014. Daw denied the allegations, while North Melbourne stated that he would remain available for selection. On 3 December 2015, Daw was found not guilty on all counts. On 18 December 2018, Daw abandoned his vehicle on the Bolte Bridge and jumped into the Yarra River below. Motorists on the bridge raised the alarm around 11 pm and he was recovered from the river by police and paramedics. He suffered broken hips and pelvis. In July 2019, Daw made a return for the North Melbourne VFL affiliate against Sandringham, the VFL affiliate of . Daw made his AFL return on 1 August 2020 in a win against , kicking one goal. References External links "Majak makes history" – from the Australian Broadcasting Corporation's The 7.30 Report 1991 births Living people VFL/AFL players born outside Australia North Melbourne Football Club players Australian rules footballers from Melbourne Sudanese emigrants to Australia Sportspeople of South Sudanese descent Dinka people Western Jets players South Sudanese refugees Sudanese refugees Sportspeople from Khartoum Werribee Football Club players South Sudanese players of Australian rules football Refugees in Egypt People from Werribee, Victoria
In a Heartbeat is a television series inspired by real life EMT squads whose staff consists of high school students in Darien, Connecticut. The series follows the lives of several teenagers who volunteer as part-time EMTs while going to school and trying to maintain their lives as normal teenagers. In Canada, the series was aired on Family Channel while in the United States it was aired on the Disney Channel. The series is fact-based, as there are teenage volunteer EMTs in service all across the United States. Synopsis The EMT squad is made up of Hank Beecham (Danso Gordon) who manages playing football with the high school team as well as being the EMT-Intermediate of the group; Val Lanier (Reagan Pasternak) who is noted for being an excellent student and cheerleader; Tyler Connell (Shawn Ashmore), a football player and Hank's best friend; and Jamie Waite (Christopher Ralph), the newest member of the squad initially there not by his own choice but as a result of a new program to help troubled teens get their life together by becoming EMTs. Other characters in the series are Brooke Lanier (Lauren Collins), Val's twelve-year-old sister who volunteers with the squad after school and whose main job consists of managing the paperwork; and Caitie Roth (Jackie Rosenbaum), Val's best friend, a goth who is known for her dark clothes and purple-streaked hair. Cast Danso Gordon as Hank Beecham Reagan Pasternak as Val Lanier Shawn Ashmore as Tyler Connell Christopher Ralph as Jamie Waite Lauren Collins as Brooke Lanier Jackie Rosenbaum as Caitie Roth Nikki Goodell as Penelope London Episodes Reception Varietys Laura Fries reviewed the show favorably, remarking that "Disney's original high school drama series "In a Heartbeat" has characters every bit as appealing as anything you'd find on the WB, only a heck of a lot smarter." Lynne Heffley of Los Angeles Times described the show as "surprisingly watchable". References External links 2000s American teen drama television series 2000 American television series debuts 2001 American television series endings 2000s Canadian teen drama television series 2000 Canadian television series debuts 2001 Canadian television series endings Television series by Disney Television shows set in Connecticut Disney Channel original programming American teen drama television series Canadian teen drama television series Television series about teenagers Fictional hospitals Television shows filmed in Toronto Television series by Alliance Atlantis Television series by Corus Entertainment Television series by Entertainment One English-language television shows
In the 1982–83 season, MC Oran is competing in the National for the 19th time, as well as the Algerian Cup. It is their 19th consecutive season in the top flight of Algerian football. They will be competing in National 1 and the Algerian Cup. Competitions Overview Championnat National League table Results by round Matches Algerian Cup Squad information Appearances and goals Only 23 games from 30 in National appearances \|- ! colspan=12 style=background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center\| Goalkeepers \|- ! colspan=12 style=background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center\| Defenders \|- ! colspan=12 style=background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center\| Midfielders \|- ! colspan=12 style=background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center\| Forwards Goalscorers Includes all competitive matches. The list is sorted alphabetically by surname when total goals are equal. References External links Algeria 1982/83 season at rsssf.com 1982–83 MP Oran season at footballvintage.net MC Oran seasons Algerian football clubs 1982–83 season
Algeria and Israel have no official diplomatic relations, with Algeria being part of the Arab League boycott of Israel, and officially does not recognize the State of Israel. Algeria refuses entry to any person holding an Israeli passport or any other passport with a visa from Israel. 20th century 1950s During the Algerian war, Israel voted consistently against Algeria's independence in the United Nations. 1960s Shortly after Algeria gained its independence from France in 1962, Israel recognized the country's independence. In 1962, Algeria became one of the first countries to recognize the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) as the sole legitimate representative of the Palestinian people. Since then, Algeria has supported various Palestinian militant groups, including Hamas and the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP). During the Six-Day War in 1967, Algeria sent a battalion of infantry and a squadron of MiG-21s to Egypt, losing three Mig-21s to Israel. During the Yom Kippur War in 1973, Algeria sent an expeditionary force to fight Israel, including 59 aircraft (Mig-21, Mig-17, Su-7), an infantry platoon and an armored brigade (with an estimated 19 artillery weapons). Algeria also had a very important role in the Arab-Israeli war in 1973, by sending its 8th Infantry Mechanical Regiment to the Egyptian front to fight. There were almost 2,100 men, 815 non-commissioned officers, and 192 officers in total. 1990s In the mid-1990s, while Israel and other North African states slowly started diplomatic relations, Algeria remained one of the last countries to refrain from such a move. It was only when Prime Minister of Israel Ehud Barak met President of Algeria Abdelaziz Bouteflika at the funeral of the Moroccan King Hassan II of Morocco on July 25, 1999, that alleged unofficial comments were made. 21st century 2010s In January 2012, both Algeria and Israel as part of the Mediterranean Dialogue attended the 166th Military Committee meetings with NATO members in Brussels. In 2016, an Algerian high school geography textbook that contained a map that included Israel was withdrawn. In January 2017, an Algerian was arrested after an online video interview with an Israeli official. There have been some signs of a possible thaw in relations between Algeria and Israel. In 2018, reports emerged that Algeria was considering opening up its airspace to Israeli planes, although the Algerian government denied the reports. 2020s In 2020, Israeli Foreign Minister Gabi Ashkenazi said that he was interested in improving relations with Algeria and other Arab countries. Also in 2020, amidst Gulf states' call to normalize relations, and the Hirak political renewal impact on the country's internal affairs, some voices were calling on reviewing the country's bilateral relations in a way that benefits the country President Abdelmadjid Tebboune, during an interview with Algerian media on September 20, 2020, stated, "We have noticed a kind of scramble towards normalization. This is something we will never participate in, nor bless, the Palestinian issue is sacred for us and it is the mother of all issues and will not be resolved except by establishing a Palestinian state, with the 1967 borders, with Holy Jerusalem as its capital," The statement refers to the ceremony that took place at the White House in the United States on September 15 of the same year, during which the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain signed normalization agreements with Israel, mediated by President Donald Trump. See also History of the Jews in Algeria References External links Report: Israel intensifies intelligence efforts in Algeria, Al Bawaba Israel Bilateral relations of Israel
Moulvibazar () is a town in north-eastern Bangladesh just south of Sylhet. It is the capital of Moulvibazar Sadar Upazila and Moulvibazar District, and is located on the banks of the Manu River. The town has a high population density. History In 1771, Moulvi Syed Qudratullah established a bazaar near the banks of the Manu River using his zamindari land. He started importing edible goods, such as fruits and vegetables opening up opportunities for people to purchase as well as sell. The location allowed easy access through river and land transport. The bazaar became the headquarters of South Sylhet subdivision in 1882. In 1891, Moulvibazar Govt. High School, the central school of Moulvibazar was established. The anti-British Khilafat Movement in 1921 also spread to Moulvibazar and campaigners that were present included Chittaranjan Das, Hussain Ahmed Madani and Sarojini Naidu. In 1932, the Ali Amzad Government Girls' High School was opened as a public school. During the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 and Bangladesh Liberation War, the Pakistan Army moved its 313rd Brigade from Sylhet to Moulvibazar and a battalion from the 313rd was kept at Sylhet to form the nucleus of the 202nd ad hoc Brigade. On 20 December, a number of people were killed and wounded by mine explosions at the premises of the Moulvibazar Government High School. On 22 February 1984, Moulvibazar became the headquarters of the newly established Moulvibazar Sadar Upazila, and the Moulvibazar District - which was renamed from South Sylhet. In 2005, the Saifur Rahman Stadium was established, acting as a multi-use arena fitting 15,000 people. Administration The pourashava is made up of 9 wards: Ward 1: North Samoli, Banani, Shoiyarpur, Forest Office, Girzapara, Kashinath, Shamshernagar Ward 2: Borobari, Bonosree, Raghunandanpur, East Court, Circuit House, Mission Area, Shonapur, West Borshijura Ward 3: Arambag, Kalimabad, Noyagaon, Chubra, West Court Ward 4: Madhyapara, Shantibag, Muslim Quarter Ward 5: Berry Lake Char, Lakeview, Shahbag, Golbag, Paschim Bazar, Ward 6: Borohat, Kushumbag, Baroikona, Boliyarbag, Upazila Complex Ward 7: Dargah Mahalla, Kazirgaon, New Hospital, East Gavindasri, Sultanpur Ward 8: Darzir Mahal, Dhorkapon, Gavindasri, Sabuzbag Ward 9: Borkapon, Daarok, Sheikher Gaon, Khindur, North Mostafapur Climate Moulvibazar has a humid subtropical climate. The Köppen-Geiger climate classification is Cwa. The climate of Moulvibazar is generally marked with monsoons, high temperature, considerable humidity and heavy rainfall. The hot season commences early in April and continues till July. The average annual temperature in Moulvibazar is . About of precipitation falls annually. References Populated places in Maulvibazar District
The List of Greek-language television channels includes the following channels: List of television stations Greece Public National Channels (free-to-air, ERT) ERT1 ERT2 ERT3 ERT News Vouli TV (programming produced by the Hellenic Parliament) Private National Channels (free-to-air, Digea) Alpha TV ANT1 Makedonia TV Mega Channel Open TV Skai TV Star Channel Private Subscription Channels Cosmote TV Channels Cosmote Cinema (Premium service with 3 channels) Cosmote Series (Premium service with 2 channels) Cosmote History Cosmote Sport (Premium service with 10 channels) Cosmote Sport Highlights MAD Viral (Affiliate channel with MAD TV) Sirina Entertainment (Premium adult service) Village Cinema Nova Channels MAD Greekz (Affiliate channel with MAD TV) Nova Cinema (Premium service with 4 channels) Nova Life Novasports (Premium service with 6 channels) Novasports News Novasports Start Novasports Prime Novasports Premier Novasports Extra (4 channels) Foreign Owned Specialty Channels Animal Planet Europe (Nova) BabyTV (Cosmote TV) Blue Hustler Cartoonito Greece (Nova) Discovery Channel (Nova) Disney Channel Disney Junior DW-TV Euronews Eurosport 1 (Nova) Eurosport 2 (Nova) FashionTV (Cosmote TV) FX Greece FX Life Hustler TV Luxe.tv (Cosmote TV) Mezzo TV (Cosmote TV) National Geographic Greece National Geographic Wild Penthouse (Cosmote TV) Stingray CMusic (Cosmote TV) Stingray iConcerts (Cosmote TV) TCM Movies (Cosmote TV) Travel Channel (Nova) Local Channels Athens - Attica Action 24 - Marousi a.Epsilon TV - Peristeri Alert TV - Tavros ART - Kallithea Attica TV - Aspropyrgos Blue Sky - Irakleio Extra Channel - Peristeri High TV - Athens Kontra Channel - Tavros MAD TV - Pallini Nickelodeon Greece - Nea Ionia One Channel - Athens RISE TV - Irakleio Smile TV - Rizoupoli Thessaloniki - Central Macedonia 4E TV - Ampelokipoi a.Epsilon TV - Thessaloniki Atlas TV - Nea Moudania and Thessaloniki Dion TV - Thessaloniki and Kato Agios Ioannis Egnatia TV - Giannitsa and Thessaloniki Euro Channel - Kilkis and Evosmos Gnomi TV - Thessaloniki Nickelodeon Plus - Thessaloniki Pella TV - Giannitsa TV 100 - Municipality of Thessaloniki Vergina TV - Thessaloniki Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Alfa TV - Alexandroupolis Center TV - Kavala Delta TV - Alexandroupolis Diktyo TV - Serres ENA Channel - Kavala Epiloges TV - Serres Epsilon TV Delta - Drama Lydia TV - Kavala Next TV - Xanthi Orestiada TV (Municipal) - Orestiada Smile TV - Xanthi Star TV - Drama Thraki NET - Alexandroupolis TV Rodopi - Komotini Western Macedonia Diktyo 1 - Kastoria Flash TV - Kozani Osios Nikanor - Kavala TOP Channel - Kozani West Channel - Kozani Thessaly Astra TV - throughout the region FORMedia - Trikala, Larissa and Volos Smile Plus - Larissa Thessalia TV - Karditsa, Larissa and Volos TRT - Volos, Larissa and Karditsa Epirus Art TV - Arta Epirus TV1 - Ioannina ITV (Ioannina TV) - Ioannina Vima TV - Ioannina Central Greece Acheloos TV - Agrinio ENA TV - Lamia Epsilon TV - Livadeia Lepanto TV - Nafpaktos Star Central Greece - Lamia Peloponnese Achaia Channel - Patras a.NET - Kalamata ART TV - Tripoli Axion TV - Corinth Best TV - Kalamata Ionian Channel - Patras Lepanto TV - Patras Lyxnos TV - Patras Mesogeios TV - Kalamata ORT - Pyrgos Patra TV - Pyrgos and Patras ProNews - Patras RTP Center - Corinth Super TV - Corinth Ionian Islands Corfu Channel - Corfu Ionian Channel - Zakynthos Start TV - Corfu Aegean Islands Aeolos TV - Mytilene Alithia TV - Chios Patrida TV - Chios Samiaki TV - Samos Syros TV1 - Ermoupoli Volcano TV - Santorini Dodecanese Aigaio TV - Kalymnos Irida TV - Rhodes Kosmos TV - Ialysos Kos TV (Municipal) - Kos Tharri TV (Monastery) - Rhodes Crete CreteTV - Nea Alikarnassos New Television - Chania Notos TV - Nea Alikarnassos Sitia TV - Nea Alikarnassos TeleKriti - Ierapetra TV Creta - Nea Alikarnassos International Channels 4E TV (Europe/Middle East/Australia/Eurasia/South Africa) Alpha Sat (USA/Canada/Australia/Middle East) ANT1 Europe (Europe) ANT1 Pacific (Australia) ANT1 Satellite (USA) ERT World 1 (Europe/Australia/Middle East) ERT World 2 (Canada) Greek Cinema (USA/Canada/Australia) Greek Music Television (USA) MAD World (USA/Canada/Australia) MEGA Cosmos (Canada) RIK Sat (USA/Canada/Australia) Skai International (USA/Canada/Australia) SportPlus TV (USA/Canada) Star International (USA/Canada/Australia) International Local Greek Channels Greek Music Video Hits (USA) Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America (USA) Hellenic TV (United Kingdom) Montreal Greek TV (Canada) New Greek TV (USA) Odyssey (Canada) Toronto Net TV (Canada) WPSO (USA) WZRA-CD (USA) Defunct channels Public Channels Armed Forces Information Service Cine+/Sport+ Cine+/Studio+ Prisma+ Sport+/Info+ DT DT 2 DT HD NERIT NERIT Sports NERIT Plus NERIT HD ERT Sports Private National Channels 902 TV Alter Channel Tempo TV Private Subscription Channels Fox Greece Fox Sports Turkey Greek Business Channel Holidays in Greece TV MTV Music Greece Universal Channel Local Channels Channel Nine MTV Greece MTV Plus PLP SBC Super B Super TV Tele Time International Channels Alter Globe (USA/Australia) ANT1 Prime (USA) Blue (USA/Australia) Mega Cosmos (USA/Australia) See also Television in Greece Lists of television channels List of radio stations in Greece Television in Cyprus External links Greek TV Stations Media.net.gr World TV Stations Greek Greek-language television stations Lists of mass media in Greece
A Woman's Revenge, or a Match in Newgate is a 1715 comedy play by the British writer Christopher Bullock. It was originally performed as an afterpiece to another work The Lucky Prodigal. With its Newgate Prison setting and cynical references to corruption, it could be regarded as a precursor to John Gay's hit The Beggar's Opera of a decade later. The cast included William Bullock as Thinkwell, John Thurmond as Bevil, Christopher Bullock as Vizard and Sarah Thurmond as Corinna. George, Prince of Wales attended the first performance. References Bibliography Burling, William J. A Checklist of New Plays and Entertainments on the London Stage, 1700-1737. Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press, 1992. Fisher, Tony. Theatre and Governance in Britain, 1500–1900. Cambridge University Press, 2017. Nicoll, Allardyce. A History of Early Eighteenth Century Drama: 1700-1750. CUP Archive, 1927. 1715 plays Plays by Christopher Bullock West End plays Comedy plays
Crithe is a genus of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family Cystiscidae. This genus is sometimes still placed within the Marginellidae. These tiny gastropods have a shell which is colorless and is transparent when fresh. Distribution This genus is found in the Indo-Pacific. Shell description Shell minute to small, white, hyaline; spire usually immersed, rarely low; lip thickened, smooth, lacking denticulation; external varix absent; siphonal notch absent; posterior notch absent; columella multiplicate, with 6-8 plications plus parietal lirae, plications usually excavated inside aperture due to collabral parietal callus ridge. Species Species within the genus Crithe include: Crithe algoensis (Smith, 1901) Crithe atomaria Gould, 1860 Crithe caledonica Boyer, 2003 Crithe cassidiformis Boyer, 2018 Crithe cossinea Cossignani, 1997 Crithe gofasi Boyer, 2003 Crithe huna (Kay, 1979) Crithe marianoi Cossignani, 2001 Crithe nanaoensis (Habe, 1951) Crithe nipponica (Habe, 1951) Crithe togatulus Boyer, 2018 References 1995. Revision of the Supraspecific Classification of Marginelliform Gastropods. The Nautilus 109(2 & 3):43-110. (latest family review) Cystiscidae
Koidu Town (or Sefadu) is the capital and largest city of the diamond-rich Kono District in the Eastern Province of Sierra Leone. The population of Koidu Town is 124,662 based on the 2015 Sierra Leone national census. Koidu Town is the fifth largest city in Sierra Leone by population, after Freetown, Kenema, Bo and Makeni. Koidu Town is a major urban, business, commercial and diamond trade center. Koidu Town lies approximately 280 miles east of Freetown, and about 60 miles north of Kenema. Two of the world’s ten largest and most famous rough diamonds were found in the Woyie River that flows through Koidu Town. The city is officially known as Koidu City. The mayor of Koidu City and members of the Koidu-New Sembehun city council are directly elected every four years by the residents of Koidu. The current mayor of Koidu Town is Komba Sam of the Coalition 4 Change political party . Komba Sam was narrowly elected mayor of Koidu Town with 49.5% of the votes in the 2018 Koidu Mayoral election over his closest rival of the Sierra Leone People's Party . Politically, Kodu Town is not a stronghold of any political party, as the city is home to a significantly large support of both the Sierra Leone People's Party and the All People's Congress. Koidu is one of the most ethnically and religiously diverse cities in Sierra Leone. The city is inhabited by significant numbers of many of Sierra Leone's ethnic groups, with no single ethnic group forming a majority. The Krio language is by far the most widely spoken language in Koidu Town and is the primary language of communication in the city. Koidu Town is the hometown of Sierra Leone's vice president Mohamed Juldeh Jalloh, Sierra Leone"s First Lady Fatima Bio and former Sierra Leone"s vice president Samuel Sam-Sumana; as all three of them were born and raised in the city. History In 1995 the government of Sierra Leone signed an agreement with the South African company Branch Energy Limited, a subsidiary of Executive Outcomes (EO), a business that supplied mercenaries to governments across Africa. The agreement, negotiated under the Mines and Minerals Act of 1994, was scheduled to last 25 years. Under it Sierra Leone’s military government gave the concession to operate the Koidu diamond mine to the firm in payment for helping to suppress the Revolutionary United Front rebels in the area during the country’s civil war. They had been using the diamonds to buy weapons and ammunition from Guinea, Liberia, and the Sierra Leone army. The government of Sierra Leone retained a 60% ownership stake in the Koidu mine. The Sierra Leone Civil War ended in 2002. Records leaked from the Panamanian law firm Mossack Fonseca show that the family foundation of Beny Steinmetz family paid $1.2 million for half of the mining license issued by the national government for the Koidu mine. In 2003 the government transferred rights, duties, and responsibilities from Branch Energy to Koidu Holdings, a company owned by Octea of the BSGR Resources group, for $28 million. . 2007 and 2012 protests The 2007 Koidutown-Sefadu protest was an action by 400 protesters in Koidu-Sefadu which was aimed at the local diamond mine which the residents claimed had lowered local living conditions and environmental conditions in the area. The result of the protest was a clampdown by Sierra Leonean police, who shot two protesters. Two more protesters were shot in 2012, one of them a 12-year-old boy. Government Koidu town is one of Sierra Leone's six municipalities and is governed by a directly elected city council, headed by a mayor, in whom executive authority is vested. The mayor is responsible for the general management of the city. The mayor is elected directly by the residents of Koidutown every four years in a municipal elections. The current mayor of Koidu Town is Saa Emerson Lamina of the ruling All Peoples Congress party APC. He was suspended by the national government in 2016, following the release of the Panama Papers and publication of an article quoting him complaining about the diamond mine's operation and failure to pay taxes. The City Council then elected Aiah Bartholomew Baima Komba Acting Mayor of Koidu. Under Lamina the city had also filed suit in 2015 against Koidu’s parent company Octea Limited, claiming that the company owed $684,000 in unpaid property taxes. In April 2016 Justice Bintu Alhadi of the High Court of Sierra Leone ruled that Octea and Koidu Limited were separate entities and that Octea technically did not own the mine, so had no duty to pay its property tax. Lamina says the suspension was intended to silence him and that he continues to act as mayor because he believes the national government has no authority to remove him from office A 32-page Ministry of Finance and Economic Development audit blamed the finance and procurement officers of the Council for the relatively minor issues, according to Politico. Ethnicity Koidu town is one of the most ethnically diverse cities in Sierra Leone. Even though the city is home of the Kono people, members of all the country's other ethnic groups and most of the foreign diamond workers in the Kono District reside in the city. Health American aid workers helped rebuild the Koidu Government Hospital, which has improved the previously alarming health situation in the town. Various other aid organizations, including the UN Refugee Agency, UNHCR and its partners, have helped drill wells, re-build clinics and schools and regenerate livelihoods in the area, as part of a programme to support the reintegration of Sierra Leoneans who returned after living for several years as refugees in neighbouring countries. Cultural Media The local radio station in Koidu Town is the Eastern Radio 96.5. The Sierra Leone Broadcasting Corporation (SLBC) TV, and radio are on the air in the city. The BBC World Service, CNN International, and several other international stations are also on the air in the city on satellite. Sport Sierra Leone National Premier League club, the Diamond Stars is based in Koidu. The club represents the Kono District. Like the rest of Sierra Leone, football (soccer) is by far the most popular sport in Koidu Town. The Sierra Leonean professional football club known as the Diamond Stars of Kono, which is based in Koidu Town, represents the city and the entire Kono District in the Sierra Leone National Premier League. The Diamond Stars Football Club is overwhelmingly popular in Kono District and is one of the biggest football clubs in Sierra Leone. The Diamond Stars are the champions of the 2012 Sierra Leone National Premier League season, and the first club outside Freetown to ever won the Premier League. Education Notable Secondary Schools in Koidutown Koidu Secondary School - Founded: 1938 Kono Model Academy - Founded: 1950 Koidu Girls Secondary School - Founded: 1952 Ansarul Islamic Boys Secondary School - Founded: 1974 Ansarul Islamic Girls Secondary School - Founded: 1974 Islamic Secondary School Koidu - Founded: 1979 Ak-hom Secondary School - Founded: 2001 Notable people from Koidu town Mohamed Juldeh Jalloh, current Vice President of Sierra Leone Fatima Bio, First Lady of Sierra Leone Saa Emerson Lamina, former Mayor of Koidu City Samuel Sam-Sumana, Former Vice President of Sierra Leone Kaifala Marah, former Finance Minister of Sierra Leone Sam Bockarie, former RUF rebel leader Mary Musa, First Female Mayor of Koidu City Francis Koroma, Footballer K-Man, Sierra Leonean Musician Karamoh Kabba, Politician Komba Yomba, Footballer Sidique Mansaray, Footballer Alimamy Jalloh, Footballer Ibrahim Bah, Footballer Mohamed Saccoh, Rapper Yayah Jalloh, footballer References Populated places in Sierra Leone Eastern Province, Sierra Leone
Lucas Constantino Bethonico Foresti (born 12 May 1992) is a Brazilian racing driver who currently competes in Stock Car Brasil for KTF Sports. Career Karting After a previous career in junior motocross, Foresti made his karting debut at Brasília's Kartodromo Waltinho Ferrari in June 2006, where he finished in fourth position in the Novice category. He moved into karting full-time in 2007, and immediately won four different state championships as a rookie. Competing in a Birel Sudam for Dibo Racing, Foresti won state championships in Super Centro-Oeste, Brasília, Goiânia and Minas Gerais, with second-place finishes overall in Brazil and in the Open Masters SP. Moving into the Graduate B class in 2008, Foresti again won regional championships in the same regions except Minas Gerais; also adding a second-place finish at the 500 Milhas de Granja Viana for Piquet Sports. Formula Three After competing in the 2008 Brazilian Grand Prix-supporting Formula BMW Americas rounds for Amir Nasr Racing, Foresti moved into the Formula Three Sudamericana in 2009, driving for Cesario Fórmula. Foresti finished third in the championship, achieving a single pole position and victory at Autódromo Internacional Orlando Moura in Campo Grande. Foresti had been due to drive for Hitech Racing in the 2010 British Formula 3 Championship, but shortly before the season, he moved across to Carlin as part of a six-car challenge by the team. GP3 Series Foresti will also contest the opening rounds of the inaugural GP3 Series for Carlin. Stock Car Brasil Foresti started his participation in the Brazilian Stock Car Championship in 2013, running the 2 final races. In the following year, Lucas competed in his first full season for Bassani Racing team. In 2015, Lucas Foresti moved to AMG Motorsport in order to accomplish his first win in the Curitiba GP (Oct. 18th). Racing record Career summary * Season still in progress. Complete GP3 Series results (key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap) Complete Formula Renault 3.5 Series results (key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap) Did not finish, but was classified as he had completed more than 90% of the race distance. Complete Stock Car Pro Series results (key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap) † Did not finish, but was classified as he had completed more than 90% of the race distance. * Season still in progress. References External links 1992 births Living people Sportspeople from Brasília Brazilian racing drivers Formula BMW USA drivers Formula 3 Sudamericana drivers Toyota Racing Series drivers British Formula Three Championship drivers Brazilian GP3 Series drivers World Series Formula V8 3.5 drivers Stock Car Brasil drivers Carlin racing drivers SMP Racing drivers Comtec Racing drivers DAMS drivers Fortec Motorsport drivers Mücke Motorsport drivers
Dingbats is the name of a puzzle franchise devised by Paul Sellers in 1980 and first published as a board game in 1987. Gameplay The game, for two or more people, involves solving rebuses: puzzles in which a common word or saying is hidden in a cryptic or otherwise unique arrangement of symbols. Publication history The puzzles are syndicated internationally in newspapers, under various names such as "WHATZIT?" in North America and "KATCH-ITS" in Australia. The name "Dingbats" is a registered trademark in the UK and European Union. Reception In the February 1988 issue of The Games Machine (Issue 3), the reviewer said that "We didn't really think a awful lot of the game, it has a tendency to get annoying because of inconsistency in the difficulty of the puzzles - but good marks for effort and decent packaging." Reviews Jeux & Stratégie #48 References External links www.dingbats.net Board games introduced in 2003 Party board games Puzzles
Brian King (born January 2, 1981, in Ottawa, Ontario) is a Canadian curler from Burton, New Brunswick. He currently plays third on Team Scott Jones. Career King competed in his first New Brunswick Tankard in 2010 as second for the Scott Jones. At the 2010 Alexander Keith's Tankard, the team finished with a 4–3 record, missing the playoffs. They returned to the provincial championship the following season where they finished sixth with a 3–4 record. King joined the Zach Eldridge rink for the 2011–12 season. After failing to qualify in 2012, the team competed in the 2013 Molson Canadian Men's Provincial Curling Championship. There, they topped the round robin standings with a 5–2 record, earning an automatic bye to the championship game where they faced James Grattan. Leading 6–5 in the tenth end, they gave up two points to lose the game 7–6. The team failed to qualify for the provincial championship the following season. After the 2013–14 season, King left the Eldridge rink and joined the Jason Vaughan team for the 2014–15 season. With Charlie Sullivan at third and Paul Nason at lead, the team qualified for the 2015 Pepsi Tankard where they finished second overall with a 5–2 record. Facing Team Grattan in the semifinal, Team Vaughan lost 5–4 in an extra end, ending their run. King only stayed with the team for one season as he joined the Jason Roach rink at lead for the 2015–16 season. For two years in a row, the team just missed out on the playoffs at the provincial championship, going 4–3 in both 2016 and 2017. After playing for four different rinks, King returned to Team Scott Jones for the 2017–18 season. On tour, the team found success at the Dave Jones Mayflower Cashspiel and the Jim Sullivan Curling Classic, reaching the quarterfinals in both events. Despite their tour success, the team placed sixth at the 2018 Papa John's Pizza Tankard with a 3–4 record. The following season, Team Jones lost in the quarterfinals of both the Steele Cup Cash and the Jim Sullivan Curling Classic. They also reached the semifinals of the Stu Sells 1824 Halifax Classic where they lost to the Brad Gushue rink. At the 2019 NB Tankard, the team went 4–3 in the round robin and defeated Ed Cyr 7–6 in a tiebreaker. They then lost 7–4 to the Grattan rink in the semifinal. The 2019–20 season was the best season yet for the Jones rink, beginning with back-to-back tour victories at the Steele Cup Cash and the Atlantic Superstore Monctonian Challenge. They competed in the 2019 Tour Challenge Tier 2 Grand Slam of Curling event, where after a 2–2 record, they lost to Rich Ruohonen in a tiebreaker. The team also reached the final of the Jim Sullivan Classic, losing to the Grattan rink. The team again finished third at the 2020 New Brunswick Tankard after losing 8–5 in the semifinal to Jason Roach. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic in New Brunswick, the 2021 provincial championship was cancelled. As the reigning provincial champions, Team Grattan was invited to represent New Brunswick at the 2021 Tim Hortons Brier, which they accepted. Team Jones only played in one event during the 2020–21 season, the Stu Sells 1824 Halifax Classic, where they finished 1–3. Team Jones began the 2021–22 season at the Superstore Monctonian Challenge, where after a 4–0 round robin record, they lost in the quarterfinals to the Matthew Manuel rink. The 2022 New Brunswick Tankard was held in a triple knockout format for the first time. Team Jones went 4–3 through the event, losing the C qualifier match to the Grattan rink. The next season, the team played in the PointsBet Capital Winter Club Repechage where they lost in the final to Karsten Sturmay. They did not reach the playoffs in any of their other events. Team Jones finished second through the round robin of the 2023 New Brunswick Tankard with a 5–2 record. They then beat Team Grattan 7–6 in the semifinal to face Team Roach in the championship game. After getting out to a 7–1 lead after five ends, the team stayed ahead to secure the provincial title by a final score of 8–7. It was King's first provincial title. This qualified the team to represent New Brunswick at the 2023 Tim Hortons Brier. There, they finished with a 1–7 record, only beating the Yukon's Thomas Scoffin. Personal life King is employed as a pharmacist at Riverside Guardian. He has two children. Teams References External links 1981 births Living people Canadian male curlers Curlers from Ottawa Curlers from New Brunswick
The Barbaresca or Barbaresca Siciliana is a breed of large fat-tailed sheep from the Mediterranean island of Sicily, in southern Italy. It derives from the cross-breeding between indigenous Sicilian Pinzirita sheep with fat-tailed Barbary (or Barbarin) sheep of Maghrebi origin. These were probably brought to the island after the Muslim conquest of Sicily in the 9th century; Arabic texts preserved at Agrigento document the movement of large numbers of sheep to the Sicilian interior. The Barbaresca is raised throughout most of Sicily and in Abruzzo. It is a triple-purpose breed, yielding meat, milk, and wool. The wool is not now in demand and the Barbaresca is kept principally for meat and milk production. It yields approximately 140–160 litres of milk per lactation, with 6–9% fat. The Barbaresca is one of the seventeen autochthonous Italian sheep breeds for which a genealogical herdbook is kept by the Associazione Nazionale della Pastorizia, the Italian national association of sheep-breeders. In 1983 the breed population was estimated at 75,000 head, of which 5500 were registered. In 2013 the number registered for the breed was 1260. References Sheep breeds originating in Italy
Romina Oprandi was the defending champion, but chose not to participate. Sorana Cîrstea won the tournament by defeating Silvia Soler-Espinosa in the final 6–2, 6–2. Seeds Main draw Finals Top half Bottom half External links Main Draw Qualifying Draw Open GDF Suez de Bretagne - Singles L'Open 35 de Saint-Malo
Glyka Nera (Greek: Γλυκά Νερά, , meaning "sweet waters", named after an underground water source) is a suburb in the northeastern part of Athens Metropolitan Area. Since the 2011 local government reform it belongs to the East Attica regional unit and is part of the municipality Paiania, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 9.238 km2. Geography Glyka Nera is situated on the eastern slope of the northernmost part of the forested Hymettus mountain. It is 11 km east of central Athens, and 11 km northwest of the Eleftherios Venizelos International Airport. Adjacent towns are Gerakas to the northeast and Paiania to the south. Motorway 64 passes north of the town. Historical population Gallery See also List of municipalities of Attica References External links Official website Former official website, archived Populated places in East Attica Paiania
Philip Merivale (2 November 1886 – 12 March 1946) was an English film and stage actor and screenwriter. Life and career Merivale was born in Rehutia, Manickpur, India, to railway engineer Walter Merivale (1855–1902) and Emma Magdalene Merivale ("Maggie"; née Pittman; 1854–1940); his father's profession meant the family lived in India, Costa Rica, and Barbados (where he was Manager of the Barbados Railway) before settling at Chiswick. Philip's sister, Dorothea, was married to the civil servant Sir Henry Bunbury, Accountant-General of the Post Office. Merivale was a respected stage actor who entered the cinema during the silent era. Merivale appeared in twenty films and also scripted one. He died from a heart ailment aged 59. He was twice married to: the actress Viva Birkett (23 July 1912 – 27 June 1934); (four children: two daughters and two sons, including the actor John Merivale) the actress Gladys Cooper (30 April 1937 – 12 March 1946). Broadway roles Pygmalion (1914) – Henry Higgins Pollyanna (1916) – Pendleton Mary of Scotland (1933) – James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell Valley Forge (1934) – George Washington Filmography Trilby (1914) – Taffy Wynne Whispering Shadows (1921) – Stephen Pryde I Loved You Wednesday (1933) – (uncredited) Give Us This Night (1936) – Marcello Bonelli All In (1936, Writer) Mr. & Mrs. Smith (1941) – Mr. Ashley Custer Rage in Heaven (1941) – Mr. Higgins Pacific Blackout (1941) – John Runnel Lady for a Night (1942) – Stephen Alderson This Above All (1942) – Dr. Roger Cathaway Crossroads (1942) – Commissaire Hangmen Also Die! (1943) – Policeman (uncredited) This Land Is Mine (1943) – Professor Sorel Lost Angel (1943) – Professor Peter Vincent The Hour Before the Dawn (1944) – Sir Leslie Buchanon Nothing But Trouble (1944) – Prince Saul Tonight and Every Night (1945) – Reverend Gerald Lundy Adventure (1945) – Old Ramon Estado The Stranger (1946) – Judge Adam Longstreet Sister Kenny (1946) – Dr. Brack (final film role) References External links 1886 births 1946 deaths English male film actors English male stage actors English male screenwriters British people in colonial India People from Thane district 20th-century English male actors British expatriate male actors in the United States 20th-century English screenwriters 20th-century English male writers
Stanley Washington (born January 23, 1952) is an American former professional basketball player for the Washington Bullets of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for the San Diego Toreros, and left as the school's career scoring leader with 1,472 points, a record that stood for 34 years until it was broken by Gyno Pomare in 2008. Washington's career total of 451 assists was also a Toreros record until 1996, when it was broken by David Fizdale. Washington played high school ball in Washington, D.C., where he was recruited by Marquette, Detroit and Loyola Chicago. He instead chose to attend the University of San Diego (USD), believing that he could contribute more as a guard at a small-college school, which did not depend as much on big, dominant centers. Wanting to improve his skills to play professionally, he also thought that a large school would only value his shooting and not allow him to improve on defense. At the time, USD was an NCAA Division II affilitate. Washington played on the freshman team and then three years of varsity under Toreros coach Bernie Bickerstaff. As a senior in 1974, he broke the school career scoring record of 1,234 set by Russ Cravens over four seasons (1959–1963). After college, Washington was selected by the Washington Bullets in the fourth round of the 1974 NBA draft with the 66th overall pick (the franchise changed its name from the Capital Bullets prior to the start of the 1974–75 season). He was reunited with Bickerstaff, who had left USD to become an assistant coach for the Bullets in 1973–74. Washington appeared in one regular season game for the Bullets on October 19, 1974, when he was scoreless in four minutes while attempting one shot. Four days later, he was released by the team so that they could sign Jimmy Jones, who had been a seven-year veteran and All-Star in the rival American Basketball Association (ABA). After a few tryouts with ABA teams later that season, Washington retired from basketball. Washington is the only Torero to have played in the NBA. He was inducted into USD's athletics hall of fame in 2010. References External links Stan Washington @ The Draft Review 1952 births Living people American men's basketball players Basketball players from Washington, D.C. Capital Bullets draft picks Point guards San Diego Toreros men's basketball players Washington Bullets players
Zel may refer to: Zel (novel), a retelling of Rapunzel by Donna Jo Napoli Zel (sheep), a breed of sheep Bella Bella (Campbell Island) Airport (IATA:ZEL), British Columbia, Canada Zero-length launch The twelfth letter in the Ottoman Turkish alphabet People Mr. Zel (born 1985), Turkish Cypriot singer Zel Fischer (born 1963), judge on the Supreme Court of Missouri Denzel Curry, South Florida hip-hop artist See also Zell (disambiguation) Zelle (disambiguation)
Balocco S.p.A. is an Italian food company based in Fossano. It was founded in 1927. Balocco produces a range of biscuits. The company exports products to about 30 countries and offers private-label production services. History The company was founded in the small town of Fossano (about 70km south of Turin) first as a pastry shop by Francesco Antonio Balocco. From 1948, Balocco began to produce panettoni, pandori, colombe pasquali, biscuits and wafers. Balocco began to industrially produce confectionery from 1970. During the 1990s, the company was taken over by Aldo Balocco's sons, Alessandra and Alberto. On June 2, 2010, Italian President Giorgio Napolitano named Aldo Balocco Knight of the “Order of Labor Merit”. On July 2, 2022 in Milan, the son of the founder, Mr. Aldo Balocco, Honorary President of Balocco spa, died at the age of 91 The founder's grandson Alberto Balocco died at the age of 56 on 26 August 2022, struck by lightning together with a friend during a mountain bike trip a few kilometers from the Sestriere hill. References External links Company website Food and drink companies established in 1927 Italian brands Italian companies established in 1927 Confectionery companies of Italy
The proverbial expression of the mills of God grinding slowly refers to the notion of slow but certain divine retribution. Ancient Greek usage Plutarch (1st century CE) alludes to the metaphor as a then-current adage in his Moralia (De sera numinis vindicta "On the Delay of Divine Vengeance"): "Thus, I do not see what use there is in those mills of the gods said to grind so late as to render punishment hard to be recognized, and to make wickedness fearless." Plutarch no doubt here makes reference to a hexameter by an unknown poet, cited by sceptic philosopher Sextus Empiricus (2nd century) in his Adversus Grammaticos as a popular adage: "The millstones of the gods grind late, but they grind fine." The same expression was invoked by Celsus in his (lost) True Discourse. Defending the concept of ancestral fault, Celsus reportedly quoted "a priest of Apollo or of Zeus": 'The mills of the gods grind slowly', he says, even 'To children's children, and to those who are born after them.' The Sibylline Oracles (c. 175) have Sed mola postremo pinset divina farinam ("but the divine mill will at last grind the flour"). In 16th and 17th century Europe The proverb was in frequent use in the Protestant Reformation, often in the Latin translation Sero molunt deorum molae due to Erasmus of Rotterdam (Adagia, 1500), but also in German translation. The expression was anthologised in English translation by George Herbert in his collection of proverbs entitled Jacula Prudentum (1652), as "God's mill grinds slow but sure" (no. 743). German epigrammatist Friedrich von Logau, in his Sinngedichte (c. 1654), composed an extended variant of the saying under the title "Göttliche Rache" (divine retribution), translated into English by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow ("Retribution", Poetic Aphorisms, 1846): Though the mills of God grind slowly; Yet they grind exceeding small; Though with patience He stands waiting, With exactness grinds He all. Modern usage Arthur Conan Doyle alluded to the proverb in his very first Sherlock Holmes adventure, A Study in Scarlet. The allusion is found in the fourth chapter of the second part, in a scene in which the character John Ferrier is confronted by two of the Mormon characters: . . . Both of them nodded to Ferrier as he entered, and the one in the rocking-chair commenced the conversation. “Maybe you don’t know us,” he said. “This here is the son of Elder Drebber, and I’m Joseph Stangerson, who travelled with you in the desert when the Lord stretched out His hand and gathered you into the true fold.” “As He will all the nations in His own good time,” said the other in a nasal voice; “He grindeth slowly but exceeding small.” John Ferrier bowed coldly. He had guessed who his visitors were. . . . Arthur Conan Doyle, A Study in Scarlet (1886) (emphasis added). The proverb was used by Agatha Christie in her novel Hercule Poirot's Christmas, as a person quoted it when they saw the corpse of a man who had lived an evil life. It was also referred to by W. Somerset Maugham in the novel The Moon and Sixpence wherein it is used, somewhat piously, by a family member to imply a certain justice in the demise of the central character Charles Strickland, During the Second World War, both Winston Churchill and Franklin Roosevelt quoted Longfellow when promising retribution for the extermination of the Jews. References Further reading See also Ancestral fault Justice delayed is justice denied Greek proverbs Justice Revenge Punishment Theodicy Quotations from religion
The 1971 Howard Bison men's soccer team represented Howard University in Washington, D.C. during the 1971 NCAA men's soccer season. The team finished the season undefeated and won the 1971 NCAA tournament, defeating the Saint Louis Billikens 3–2 in the final. However, following an anonymous tip, the NCAA investigated the team and ruled they had fielded ineligible players. In January 1973, the NCAA vacated the national championship and banned the Bison from the 1973 playoffs. The team protested the punishment, arguing that they had been targeted because of their success as a historically black university (HBCU). Although they were unable to get the 1971 championship reinstated, Howard went on to win the 1974 NCAA tournament and again beat Saint Louis in the final. Previous season In 1970, the Bison finished with a 13–1–1 record and lost to Philadelphia Textile (now Thomas Jefferson University) in the quarterfinals of the 1970 NCAA tournament. The team was led by freshmen Alvin Henderson and Keith Aqui; they each scored 21 goals and were named NCAA All-Americans (Henderson to the first team, Aqui to the second). Both returned for the 1971 season. This was also the first year that Washington Darts player-manager Lincoln "Tiger" Phillips worked with the team. After the success of the 1970 season, Phillips was officially brought on as Howard's full-time head coach for the 1971 season. Squad Phillips recruited international students, primarily from Africa and the Caribbean, to the Howard squad. Some were current students attending Howard with no knowledge that the school had a soccer program. Phillips, a Trinidadian, had represented Trinidad and Tobago at the 1967 Pan American Games. Because players from these regions were still under-recruited by European clubs, Phillips was able to bring in players who were among the best in their home countries. After leading the team in scoring for the second consecutive year, Aqui and Henderson were both named NCAA First-Team All-Americans in 1971. Season The Bison were a dominant, high-intensity side and did not trail in any regular season match. Primarily facing all-white squads, the team was racially abused by opposing teams and coaches. The Bison finished the regular season undefeated with a 10–0–0 record. NCAA playoffs In the first round of the NCAA playoffs, the Bison defeated West Virginia 1–0 at home. In the next round, also at home, the Bison beat Navy 3–0, setting up a quarterfinal matchup with Penn State. Howard was leading 3–0 by halftime and easily won 8–0, led by a Keith Aqui hat-trick and two more goals from Alvin Henderson. Their semifinal opponent was Harvard, and a late Ian Bain goal sent Howard through 1–0. Facing the Bison in the NCAA championship final were the Saint Louis Billikens, who had won the NCAA tournament the previous two years, and eight of the previous 12 years. The Billikens were the top seed in the tournament and favored to win. Saint Louis went up in the 18th minute, and the Bison equalized through Alvin Henderson three minutes later. The Billikens scored again in the first half, leading Phillips to substitute Keith Aqui—who had been sitting out with a fever—into the game. The Bison would equalize with a Mori Diane goal just before halftime and then score the go-ahead goal midway through the second half. When the game ended 3–2, the Bison became the first HBCU to win an NCAA Division I national championship. NCAA investigation and punishment On January 26, 1972, the NCAA received a letter from an anonymous source requesting the NCAA look into the eligibility of Howard's players. The investigation lasted throughout the year, as the NCAA interviewed players, coaches, and the football associations of both the United States and Trinidad and Tobago. Despite losing key players throughout the 1972 NCAA playoffs, the Bison still reached the semifinals, where they lost a rematch with Saint Louis in overtime. A few weeks later in January 1973, the NCAA officially announced that the Bison had violated three rules related to player eligibility: a rule related to academic eligibility for first-year students, a rule governing international students, and a rule limiting students to five years of eligibility from their first admission to any college. In particular, Keith Aqui drew attention as a 25-year-old collegiate athlete. The first violation stemmed from the NCAA's "1.6 rule", which required incoming athletes to score highly enough on the SAT or ACT to predict a 1.6 GPA. Some of Howard's international players had been admitted with scores from other exams (such as the General Certificate of Education) that Howard believed were sufficient to meet this rule. Because of previous lobbying from Ivy League universities, the 1.6 Rule was repealed the same month as the NCAA announcement; however, the change did not go into effect until the 1974–1975 season. The second violation stemmed from an NCAA rule that limited schools from admitting older international players with athletic experience in their home countries. One Howard player admitted playing in the Port of Spain Football League for three years, but argued that the league was not professional and was more similar to "guys from the neighborhood playing ball". The application of this rule was later found to be unconstitutional, as it penalized international students for participating in amateur leagues that American students were able to play in. The final violated rule limited player eligibility after enrollment at academic institutions in their home countries. In Aqui's case, Howard argued that the relevant school, Mausica Teachers’ College on Trinidad, did not grant four-year degrees and thus should not count as a college for the purpose of this rule. Based on these violations, the NCAA vacated the 1971 national title and the 1970 semifinal appearance, and banned the Bison from the 1973 playoffs. According to the NCAA, the Bison were the first national champions in any collegiate sport to have their title vacated. Howard immediately protested the punishment, arguing that the NCAA rules were ambiguous and that the team had been targeted because of its success in the largely white collegiate soccer world. Sports journalists have argued that many schools were in violation of these rules, and Howard felt that the enforcement was unequal. Coach Phillips accused the NCAA of "practicing racism", and said in a speech that, "It's pretty evident that a black school is not supposed to win." Howard president James E. Cheek released a statement saying, "We feel that it is simply because we are a black institution that the NCAA was requested to investigate." The school filed a lawsuit against the NCAA alleging discrimination; although they were able to get the rule governing international student eligibility overturned as a violation of the 14th Amendment, the title was not reinstated. The punishment led the team to embrace the civil rights movement and the African diaspora. Mori Diane said that the team "stood knee-deep in the civil rights struggle", and the team adopted a motto based on a William Cullen Bryant quote: "Truth, crushed to Earth, shall rise again". In 1974, the Bison went 19–0–0 and outscored opposing teams 63–6 on their way to another NCAA tournament final appearance. The final, taking place at Busch Stadium in St. Louis, again matched them against the Saint Louis Billikens. They defeated Saint Louis 2–1 in four overtimes for their first recognized national title. Popular culture In 2021, Common announced he would be producing a film about the team and head coach Lincoln "Tiger" Phillips titled Rising Above. A number of professional American soccer players, including Jozy Altidore and DaMarcus Beasley, are involved in financing and producing the film. References Howard Bison men's soccer seasons Howard Bison men's soccer NCAA Division I men's soccer tournament-winning seasons NCAA Division I men's soccer tournament College Cup seasons
Ingrid González (born 13 April 1971) is a former Salvadoran tennis player. González holds the national records for the El Salvador Fed Cup team in most wins and most ties played for her country. References External links 1971 births Living people Salvadoran female tennis players
Copper and its alloys (brasses, bronzes, cupronickel, copper-nickel-zinc, and others) are natural antimicrobial materials. Ancient civilizations exploited the antimicrobial properties of copper long before the concept of microbes became understood in the nineteenth century. In addition to several copper medicinal preparations, it was also observed centuries ago that water contained in copper vessels or transported in copper conveyance systems was of better quality (i.e., no or little visible slime or biofouling formation) than water contained or transported in other materials. The antimicrobial properties of copper are still under active investigation. Molecular mechanisms responsible for the antibacterial action of copper have been a subject of intensive research. Scientists are also actively demonstrating the intrinsic efficacy of copper alloy "touch surfaces" to destroy a wide range of microorganisms that threaten public health. Mechanisms of action In 1852 Victor Burq discovered those working with copper had far fewer deaths to cholera than anyone else, and did extensive research confirming this. In 1867 he presented his findings to the French Academies of Science and Medicine, informing them that putting copper on the skin was effective at preventing someone from getting cholera. The oligodynamic effect was discovered in 1893 as a toxic effect of metal ions on living cells, algae, molds, spores, fungi, viruses, prokaryotic, and eukaryotic microorganisms, even in relatively low concentrations. This antimicrobial effect is shown by ions of copper as well as mercury, silver, iron, lead, zinc, bismuth, gold, and aluminium. In 1973, researchers at Battelle Columbus Laboratories conducted a comprehensive literature, technology, and patent search that traced the history of understanding the "bacteriostatic and sanitizing properties of copper and copper alloy surfaces", which demonstrated that copper, in very small quantities, has the power to control a wide range of molds, fungi, algae, and harmful microbes. Of the 312 citations mentioned in the review across the time period 1892–1973, the observations below are noteworthy: Copper inhibits Actinomucor elegans, Aspergillus niger, Bacterium linens, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Brevibacterium erythrogenes, Candida utilis, Penicillium chrysogenum, Rhizopus niveus, Saccharomyces mandshuricus, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in concentrations above 10 g/L. Candida utilis (formerly, Torulopsis utilis) is completely inhibited at 0.04 g/L copper concentrations. Tubercle bacillus is inhibited by copper as simple cations or complex anions in concentrations from 0.02 to 0.2 g/L. Achromobacter fischeri and Photobacterium phosphoreum growth is inhibited by metallic copper. Paramecium caudatum cell division is reduced by copper plates placed on Petri dish covers containing infusoria and nutrient media. Poliovirus is inactivated within ten minutes of exposure to copper with ascorbic acid. A subsequent paper probed some of copper's antimicrobial mechanisms and cited no fewer than 120 investigations into the efficacy of copper's action on microbes. The authors noted that the antimicrobial mechanisms are very complex and take place in many ways, both inside cells and in the interstitial spaces between cells. Examples of some of the molecular mechanisms noted by various researchers include the following: The 3-dimensional structure of proteins can be altered by copper, so that the proteins can no longer perform their normal functions. The result is inactivation of bacteria or viruses. Copper complexes form radicals that inactivate viruses. Copper may disrupt enzyme structures, and functions by binding to sulfur- or carboxylate-containing groups and amino groups of proteins. Copper may interfere with other essential elements, such as zinc and iron. Copper facilitates deleterious activity in superoxide radicals. Repeated redox reactions on site-specific macromolecules generate HO• radicals, thereby causing "multiple hit damage" at target sites. Copper can interact with lipids, causing their peroxidation and opening holes in the cell membranes, thereby compromising the integrity of cells. This can cause leakage of essential solutes, which in turn, can have a desiccating effect. Copper damages the respiratory chain in Escherichia coli cells. and is associated with impaired cellular metabolism. Faster corrosion correlates with faster inactivation of microorganisms. This may be due to increased availability of cupric ion, Cu2+, which is believed to be responsible for the antimicrobial action. In inactivation experiments on the flu strain, H1N1, which is nearly identical to the H5N1 avian strain and the 2009 H1N1 (swine flu) strain, researchers hypothesized that copper's antimicrobial action probably attacks the overall structure of the virus and therefore has a broad-spectrum effect. Microbes require copper-containing enzymes to drive certain vital chemical reactions. Excess copper, however, can affect proteins and enzymes in microbes, thereby inhibiting their activities. Researchers believe that excess copper has the potential to disrupt cell function both inside cells and in the interstitial spaces between cells, probably acting on the outer envelope of cells. Currently, researchers believe that the most important antimicrobial mechanisms for copper are as follows: Elevated copper levels inside a cell causes oxidative stress and the generation of hydrogen peroxide. Under these conditions, copper participates in the so-called Fenton-type reaction — a chemical reaction causing oxidative damage to cells. Excess copper causes a decline in the membrane integrity of microbes, leading to leakage of specific essential cell nutrients, such as potassium and glutamate. This leads to desiccation and subsequent cell death. While copper is needed for many protein functions, in an excess situation (as on a copper alloy surface), copper binds to proteins that do not require copper for their function. This "inappropriate" binding leads to loss-of-function of the protein, and/or breakdown of the protein into nonfunctional portions. These potential mechanisms, as well as others, are the subject of continuing study by academic research laboratories around the world. Antimicrobial efficacy of copper alloy touch surfaces Copper alloy surfaces have intrinsic properties to destroy a wide range of microorganisms. In the interest of protecting public health, especially in healthcare environments with their susceptible patient populations, an abundance of peer-reviewed antimicrobial efficacy studies have been conducted in the past ten years regarding copper's efficacy to destroy E. coli O157:H7, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Staphylococcus, Clostridium difficile, influenza A virus, adenovirus, and fungi. Stainless steel was also investigated because it is an important surface material in today's healthcare environments. The studies cited here, plus others directed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, resulted in the 2008 registration of 274 different copper alloys as certified antimicrobial materials that have public health benefits. E. coli E. coli O157:H7 is a potent, highly infectious, ACDP (Advisory Committee on Dangerous Pathogens, UK) Hazard Group 3 foodborne and waterborne pathogen. The bacterium produces potent toxins that cause diarrhea, severe aches, and nausea in infected persons. Symptoms of severe infections include hemolytic colitis (bloody diarrhea), hemolytic uremic syndrome (kidney disease), and death. E. coli O157:H7 has become a serious public health threat because of its increased incidence and because children up to 14 years of age, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals are at risk of incurring the most severe symptoms. Efficacy on copper surfaces Recent studies have shown that copper alloy surfaces kill E. coli O157:H7. More than 99.9% of E. coli microbes are killed after just 1–2 hours on copper. On stainless steel surfaces, the microbes can survive for weeks. Results of E. coli O157:H7 destruction on an alloy containing 99.9% copper (C11000) demonstrate that this pathogen is rapidly and almost completely killed (more than 99.9% kill rate) within ninety minutes at room temperature (20 °C). At chill temperatures (4 °C), more than 99.9% of E. coli O157:H7 are killed within 270 minutes. E. coli O157:H7 destruction on several copper alloys containing 99%–100% copper (including C10200, C11000, C18080, and C19700) at room temperature begins within minutes. At chilled temperatures, the inactivation process takes about an hour longer. No significant reduction in the amount of viable E. coli O157:H7 occurs on stainless steel after 270 minutes. Studies have been conducted to examine the E. coli O157:H7 bactericidal efficacies on 25 different copper alloys to identify those alloys that provide the best combination of antimicrobial activity, corrosion/oxidation resistance, and fabrication properties. Copper's antibacterial effect was found to be intrinsic in all of the copper alloys tested. As in previous studies, no antibacterial properties were observed on stainless steel (UNS S30400). Also, in confirmation with earlier studies, the rate of drop-off of E. coli O157:H7 on the copper alloys is faster at room temperature than at chill temperature. For the most part, the bacterial kill rate of copper alloys increased with increasing copper content of the alloy. This is further evidence of copper's intrinsic antibacterial properties. Efficacy on brass, bronze, copper-nickel alloys Brasses, which were frequently used for doorknobs and push plates in decades past, also demonstrate bactericidal efficacies, but within a somewhat longer time frame than pure copper. All nine brasses tested were almost completely bactericidal (more than 99.9% kill rate) at 20 °C within 60–270 minutes. Many brasses were almost completely bactericidal at 4 °C within 180–360 minutes. The rate of total microbial death on four bronzes varied from within 50–270 minutes at 20 °C, and from 180 to 270 minutes at 4 °C. The kill rate of E. coli O157 on copper-nickel alloys increased with increasing copper content. Zero bacterial counts at room temperature were achieved after 105–360 minutes for five of the six alloys. Despite not achieving a complete kill, alloy C71500 achieved a 4-log drop within the six-hour test, representing a 99.99% reduction in the number of live organisms. Efficacy on stainless steel Unlike copper alloys, stainless steel (S30400) does not exhibit any degree of bactericidal properties against E. coli O157:H7. This material, which is one of the most common touch surface materials in the healthcare industry, allows toxic E. coli O157:H7 to remain viable for weeks. Near-zero bacterial counts are not observed even after 28 days of investigation. Epifluorescence photographs have demonstrated that E. coli O157:H7 is almost completely killed on copper alloy C10200 after just 90 minutes at 20 °C; whereas a substantial number of pathogens remain on stainless steel S30400. MRSA Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a dangerous bacteria strain because it is resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics. Recent strains of the bacteria, EMRSA-15 and EMRSA-16, are highly transmissible and durable. This is of extreme importance to those concerned with reducing the incidence of hospital-acquired MRSA infections. In 2008, after evaluating a wide body of research mandated specifically by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), registration approvals were granted by EPA in 2008 granting that copper alloys kill more than 99.9% of MRSA within two hours. Subsequent research conducted at the University of Southampton (UK) compared the antimicrobial efficacies of copper and several non-copper proprietary coating products to kill MRSA. At 20 °C, the drop-off in MRSA organisms on copper alloy C11000 is dramatic and almost complete (more than 99.9% kill rate) within 75 minutes. However, neither a triclosan-based product nor two silver-based antimicrobial treatments (Ag-A and Ag-B) exhibited any meaningful efficacy against MRSA. Stainless steel S30400 did not exhibit any antimicrobial efficacy. In 2004, the University of Southampton research team was the first to clearly demonstrate that copper inhibits MRSA. On copper alloys — C19700 (99% copper), C24000 (80% copper), and C77000 (55% copper) — significant reductions in viability were achieved at room temperatures after 1.5 hours, 3.0 hours, and 4.5 hours, respectively. Faster antimicrobial efficacies were associated with higher copper alloy content. Stainless steel did not exhibit any bactericidal benefits. Clostridium difficile Clostridium difficile, an anaerobic bacterium, is a major cause of potentially life-threatening disease, including nosocomial diarrheal infections, especially in developed countries. C. difficile endospores can survive for up to five months on surfaces. The pathogen is frequently transmitted by the hands of healthcare workers in hospital environments. C. difficile is currently a leading hospital-acquired infection in the UK, and rivals MRSA as the most common organism to cause hospital acquired infections in the U.S. It is responsible for a series of intestinal health complications, often referred to collectively as Clostridium difficile Associated Disease (CDAD). The antimicrobial efficacy of various copper alloys against Clostridium difficile was recently evaluated. The viability of C. difficile spores and vegetative cells were studied on copper alloys C11000 (99.9% copper), C51000 (95% copper), C70600 (90% copper), C26000 (70% copper), and C75200 (65% copper). Stainless steel (S30400) was used as the experimental control. The copper alloys significantly reduced the viability of both C. difficile spores and vegetative cells. On C75200, near total kill was observed after one hour (however, at six hours total C. difficile increased, and decreased slower afterward). On C11000 and C51000, near total kill was observed after three hours, then total kill in 24 hours on C11000 and 48 hours on C51000. On C70600, near total kill was observed after five hours. On C26000, near total kill was achieved after 48 hours. On stainless steel, no reductions in viable organisms were observed after 72 hours (three days) of exposure and no significant reduction was observed within 168 hours (one week). Influenza A Influenza, commonly known as flu, is an infectious disease from a viral pathogen different from the one that produces the common cold. Symptoms of influenza, which are much more severe than the common cold, include fever, sore throat, muscle pains, severe headache, coughing, weakness, and general discomfort. Influenza can cause pneumonia, which can be fatal, particularly in young children and the elderly. After incubation for one hour on copper, active influenza A virus particles were reduced by 75%. After six hours, the particles were reduced on copper by 99.999%. Influenza A virus was found to survive in large numbers on stainless steel. Once surfaces are contaminated with virus particles, fingers can transfer particles to up to seven other clean surfaces. Because of copper's ability to destroy influenza A virus particles, copper can help to prevent cross-contamination of this viral pathogen. Adenovirus Adenovirus is a group of viruses that infect the tissue lining membranes of the respiratory and urinary tracts, eyes, and intestines. Adenoviruses account for about 10% of acute respiratory infections in children. These viruses are a frequent cause of diarrhea. In a recent study, 75% of adenovirus particles were inactivated on copper (C11000) within one hour. Within six hours, 99.999% of the adenovirus particles were inactivated. Within six hours, 50% of the infectious adenovirus particles survived on stainless steel. Fungi The antifungal efficacy of copper was compared to aluminium on the following organisms that can cause human infections: Aspergillus spp., Fusarium spp., Penicillium chrysogenum, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. An increased die-off of fungal spores was found on copper surfaces compared with aluminium. Aspergillus niger growth occurred on the aluminium coupons growth was inhibited on and around copper coupons. See also Antimicrobial copper-alloy touch surfaces Copper alloys in aquaculture Copper-silver ionization Medical uses of silver Oligodynamic effect References Antimicrobials Copper in health
The 2023 season is Kedah Darul Aman's 15th season in the Malaysia Super League since the league's inception in 2004. Management Team Squad Friendlies Pre-season 2023 Harapan Cup (1–4 February) Tour of Turkey (4–9 February) Competitions Malaysia Super League Results summary Fixtures and results Malaysia FA Cup Malaysia Cup Transfers and contracts Transfers in Pre-season Loan in Pre-season Transfers out Pre-season Loan Out Pre-season Loan Return Mid-season Retained / Promoted Statistics Appearances and goals Players with no appearances not included in the list. Goalscorers References 2023 in Malaysian football Kedah
The Ugly Boy () is a 1918 Hungary film directed by Michael Curtiz. External links 1918 films Films directed by Michael Curtiz Hungarian silent films Hungarian black-and-white films Austro-Hungarian films

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