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The Uschla (Untersuchung und Schlichtungs-Ausschuss, roughly translated as the Investigation and Settlement Committee) was an internal Nazi Party tribunal that was established by Adolf Hitler in 1925 to settle intra-party problems and disputes. After the Nazi seizure of power, the Ushla was renamed the Supreme Party Court (Oberstes Parteigericht) in January 1934, under which title it functioned throughout the remainder of the Nazi regime until May 1945.
Uschla
Origins
The Uschla had its origins at the very beginnings of the Nazi Party in the Party statutes (satzung) of 29 July 1921 when Hitler established two separate committees for resolving conflicts in the Party. Each was to consist of a chairman and two members. The first was the Investigation Committee, headed by himself, and the second was the Settlement Committee, headed by Party cofounder Anton Drexler.
These components existed until the Party was banned in the wake of the Beer Hall Putsch in November 1923. The Party was reestablished on 27 February 1925 and Hitler subsequently resurrected these two committees in the Party statutes of 21 August 1925. They were soon combined into a unified Investigation and Settlement Committee, and its organization and functions were described in the subsequent Party statutes of 22 May 1926.
Functions
One task of the new body was the examination of the validity of applications by prospective Party members. In examining membership applications, the Uschla applied the Nazi Party's racial policies in excluding Jews, along with Freemasons or anyone with communist or socialist ties. It specifically excluded anyone with any trace of Jewish blood dating back to 1800, or anyone having marriage ties to such persons.
Another function was conducting expulsion procedures for Party members. Expulsion offenses were broadly defined and members could be removed for a variety of vague reasons, including "disgraceful actions" and any "general offense" that might be judged to be injurious to the Party. This gave the committee wide latitude to exclude anyone the political leadership opposed. Once excluded, it was rare for anyone to be readmitted to the Party.
The committee was also charged with the settlement of internal disputes and feuds among Party members. The Uschla was patterned on the former honor courts of the German Imperial Army, and Party members could appeal to it to absolve them of any unjustified attacks on their character leveled by a comrade. Examples of the types of complaints handled were slander, adultery, homosexuality, drunkenness and embezzlement of Party funds. The Party leadership intended that such issues be handled not in the law courts where they would be a matter of public record, but in the Party tribunal whose members were sworn to secrecy. This had the advantage of avoiding public scandal and preserving the Party's image of respectability.
Organizational structure
When the Uschla first convened in January 1926, Hitler envisioned it at the top of a network of Party tribunals at the regional and local levels. Therefore, beginning in July 1926, Uschla committees began to be formed at lower Party levels. A three-level system was established which was expanded to a four-level system in 1931.
At the national level, the Reichs-Uschla presided at Karolinenplatz 4 in Munich, the city where the Nazi Party had its origins and its headquarters. Immediately below this level was the Gau-Uschla, a regional level body with one such tribunal for each Gau. The lowest level of tribunal, the Orts-Uschla was based in the Ortsgruppe, or local branch organization. A typical Gau might contain approximately 100 Orts-Uschlas. Subordinate level Uschlas began to be organized in summer 1926 and were largely complete by October 1930. In 1931, the Kreis-Uschla level was established to function at the kreis (county) level between the Orts-Uschla and the Gau-Uschla.
Personnel
The first Chairman of the Reichs-Uschla was former Reichswehr Generalleutnant Bruno Heinemann (de), appointed 1 December 1925. As a former high-ranking military officer, he had the image Hitler was looking for in his "honor court." However, he was not quite the rubber stamp that Hitler envisioned for this role and, in fact, Heinemann sometimes expressed disagreement with Hitler in writing. Additionally, at age 68 he did not command the respect of younger Party leaders. He was an ill fit for the task of conciliating the many petty quarrels among Party members and could not enforce his judgments without Hitler's support. He failed to grasp the real purpose of the tribunal, namely, to settle disputes so as to keep them quiet, rather than to achieve substantive justice between the disputants or to enforce a strict moral code.
Accordingly, Hitler decided to replace Heinemann and, on 27 November 1927, after frequent illness-related absences, Heinemann was replaced as chairman in an acting capacity with the more politically astute Walter Buch, a former Reichswehr Major but also a former member of Hitler's personal bodyguard unit, the Stoßtrupp-Hitler, who was wholeheartedly devoted to Hitler. On 2 January 1928, it was announced that Heinemann had requested to be relieved of his duties and Buch was named permanent chairman. During Heinemann's tenure, he succeeded in firmly establishing the Uschla as the Party's central control mechanism. It is estimated that it handled at least 200 cases between January 1926 and November 1927.
Working under Heinemann as "assessors" (beisitzer), had been Karl Ostberg who had served with Hitler as a dispatch-runner in the First World War and Ulrich Graf, like Buch also a member of Hitler's bodyguard. Ostberg, however, was replaced around the same time as Heinemann with Hitler's personal lawyer, Hans Frank. Hitler now had a tribunal composed entirely of close and highly trusted colleagues.
On 18 December 1930, Wilhelm von Holzschuher joined the Uschla as Deputy to Chairman Buch. In January 1932, the continued increased growth in Party membership necessitated adding an additional assessor, Wilhelm Grimm. In June 1932, to improve the tribunal's efficiency in handling an ever increasing workload, it was divided into three chambers, headed by Buch, Holzschuher and Grimm, each having its own separate geographical jurisdiction.
Procedures
Though theoretically independent judicial review boards, the Uschlas were highly dependent on and controlled by the Party political leaders at each level. The Uschlas could not open investigations on their own motion. The political leaders were responsible for calling the Uschlas into session, for signing their decrees for disciplinary action and for carrying out the decrees. Most importantly, they had the power to appoint and remove the Uschla members. This gave the political leaders a large measure of control which some used to bully and intimidate the Uschla members into findings that the political leaders desired. Hitler found the Reichs-Uschla a very advantageous control mechanism, as he could sway or influence their actions by his power of appointment while at the same time diverting any unpopular decisions away from himself.
At the beginning, the Uschlas operated rather haphazardly, without a detailed set of guidelines. Although some Uschla staff possessed law degrees, tribunal members were not required to be lawyers, or even have formal legal training. Affidavits or other written testimony was usually gathered, but personal interrogations and formal hearings rarely occurred. In August 1929 the first major Party directive (richtlinien) for Uschla processes was issued. It set out procedures for a preliminary inquiry to gather oral and written testimony. This was followed by a trial which involved a closed meeting with the opposing parties (who did not have legal counsel) and their witnesses, interrogation of the defendant and witnesses by the tribunal and questioning of the witnesses by both the plaintiff and the defendant. After consultation, the tribunal rendered its verdict. The directive also established appeal rights with defendants able to appeal adverse decisions to the next higher level. The Reichs-Uschla maintained ultimate decision-making authority, and had the exclusive right to cite "higher Party reasons" (paralleling "reasons of State" in the civil courts) as justification for not accepting a lower panel decision.
The Uschla could originally render four possible judgments. First, it could declare itself incompetent to take up a case on a jurisdictional basis. If it did take the case, it could find an acquittal, a finding of guilty with a warning or a finding of guilty with expulsion from the Party. An April 1931 directive added ordering a reprimand by the defendant's political leader, which included banning the holding of a Party office or appearing as a speaker for the movement.
SA Jurisdictional Issue
Reflecting the ongoing tension between the Party's political organization and its paramilitary wing, the Sturmabteilung (SA), jurisdictional issues plagued the Uschla for years. The SA leadership sought maximum autonomy within the movement, and resented any infringement upon its freedom of action. The natural antagonism between the two loci of power peaked when the Uschla attempted to subject SA men to its jurisdiction.
A case in January 1930 highlighted the jurisdictional issue between the two groups. The Plauen Orts-Uschla in Gau Saxony ordered the expulsion of an SA man, but his commander disagreed with the decision and claimed that the tribunal had no jurisdiction over SA men performing their functions in the line of duty. Buch conceded that the Uschla was not competent to handle complaints "between SA men in SA cases" but this vague term remained officially undefined. The SA then issued its own instructional memorandum in May 1930, stipulating that the Uschlas lacked jurisdiction over "SA affairs" and could only intervene in those affairs if (a) the SA man's conduct did serious harm to the interests of the NSDAP and (b) his commanding officer agreed that serious harm had been done. This was intended to make Uschla jurisdiction, in effect, entirely contingent upon the consent of the SA commander. It also left the undefined term "SA affairs" open to interpretation and argument, so little progress in settling the jurisdictional squabble resulted and the memorandum was repealed in December 1930.
A further Party directive issued 15 April 1931 officially outlined the jurisdiction between the Uschlas and the SA and SS members, providing them with considerable protections. Disputes concerning purely "SA and SS affairs" were conceded to be the preserve of each paramilitary group. Only high ranking SA or SS officers were permitted to order the opening of Uschla proceedings against men under their command. In addition, at least one member of the reviewing tribunal had to be an SA or SS man. These safeguards shielded SA and SS members from automatic, direct accountability to the Uschlas and tended to reinforce the independence of the paramilitary groups. Despite this, many in the SA remained dissatisfied; the fact that the latest directive originated from the political organization rather than from the SA command structure heightened resentment that the SA was being subjected to the Uschlas.
In a new Reichs-Uschla directive of 1 January 1933, all Uschla members were designated autonomous Party officials not subject to being removed against their will by their political leaders. The Uschlas now could investigate all members of the political organization and the SA. This directive also served to enhance the power and prestige of the tribunals. It officially designated them as "courts of honor" and even created a Special Court of Honor (Besonderer Ehrenhof) under the chairmanship of Buch with jurisdiction over all of the Reichsleitung (Reich leadership). Its rulings were binding on all NSDAP members and there was no appeal against its findings. Gau-Uschla chairmen were entitled to the rank and service uniform of a Deputy Gauleiter and the Reichs-Uschla Chairman to that of a department head of the Reichsleitung.
A final relevant provision, contained in a directive of 17 February 1934, stipulated that before a proceeding against an SA or SS man was opened, his commanding officer was to be "notified" and given the opportunity to defend his subordinate at the trial. The provision requiring that at least one SA or SS man be a member of the tribunal remained in effect. Thus the paramilitary organizations, though still subject to jurisdiction by the Uschlas, possessed special protections not available to other Party members.
Supreme Party Court
Establishment
After the Nazi seizure of power of 30 January 1933, the Uschlas continued to experience an increase their importance and status. On 2 June 1933, Buch and Grimm were named NSDAP Reichsleiters (Reich Leaders), the second-highest political rank in the Nazi Party. On 9 December 1933, a new directive changed the name of the Uschlas to Parteigerichte (Party courts). Buch was granted the title of Supreme Party Judge (Oberster Parteirichter). The existing four-level organization was retained. The Reichs-Uschla was renamed the Oberstes Parteigericht (Supreme Party Court) overseeing the Gaugerichte, Kreisgerichte and Ortsgerichte.
Effective 1 December 1933, the Party courts were established as official legal institutions of the State by the "Act for Securing the Unity of the Party and State." The Act increased the powers of the courts, whereas any crime committed against the Party now was considered a crime against the State. The courts now also could impose detention or imprisonment as punishment.
The Act authorized the Party courts to punish government employees who were Party members. This exposed them to a type of double jeopardy, by which Party members expelled or punished by the Party Court would almost automatically face removal from their civil service position. Conversely, Party members convicted in the State courts could be brought before the Party courts, tried for "bringing injury to the Party" and expelled from the NSDAP. Though the Party courts very rarely issued formal decisions ordering arrest and imprisonment, they worked closely with the State authorities and, following expulsion from the Party, arrest and State trial soon followed.
On 1 January 1934, reorganization at the Supreme Party Court divided it into 2 chambers and Holzschuher left the court. The First Chamber, headed by Buch, had Frank and Ludwig Schneider as associates and dealt with the southern and western Gaue. The Second Chamber was headed by Grimm with Graf and Konrad Hofer as associates and had jurisdiction of the northern and eastern Gaue.
On 17 February 1934, a new directive more closely aligned the court's process with criminal procedures. The party courts were viewed as a separate branch of the State courts, and they were authorized to obtain confidential information from the police and State courts. The trials of many Gaue and Kreis courts even took place in State courthouses. The directive also ordered the subordinate Gaue and Kreis courts to be divided into two chambers on the model of the Supreme Party Court, with each chamber to consist of a chairman, two judges and two alternate judges. The Party court system was estimated to consist of some 2,500 functionaries at this time.
In personnel changes, Hans Frank left the Court and was appointed at the end of 1934. Knop subsequently succeeded Buch as Chairman of the First Chamber on 1 January 1936, though Buch remained overall head of the Court as Supreme Party Judge. Wilhelm Grimm left the Court in March 1939.
Role in the SA purge
The longstanding conflict with the SA came to a dramatic conclusion during the Night of the Long Knives on 30 June 1934 when the leadership of the SA was effectively decapitated and Hitler tightened his control over the entire movement. Having amassed evidence against SA-Stabschef Ernst Röhm and his colleagues by gathering complaints about homosexual activities among SA members, Buch was a longtime opponent of Röhm's. Nonetheless, Buch felt that Röhm and his fellow SA leaders should have faced charges before the Supreme Party Court, and he was not informed of their summary executions until after the fact. However, Buch's courts at all levels were very active in the subsequent extensive purge of SA personnel throughout the Reich. Though no accurate figures exist as to the numbers expelled from the Party in the widespread purge, they included members of the political organization as well as the SA.
Role in the Kristallnacht Cover-up
Following the massive anti-Jewish pogrom of 9–10 November 1938 known as Kristallnacht, the Supreme Party Court's two Chambers each convened in a Sondersenat (Special Senate) and conducted sixteen trials involving some thirty of the perpetrators, mainly SA men, between 20 December 1938 and 9 February 1939. Of these, 26 were either acquitted or given a "warning," the mildest punishment allowable. This effectively whitewashed the vast majority of the violent crimes committed, including looting, assault, arson and the murder of 21 Jews. The four defendants that did receive the harsher punishment of expulsion from the Party were those who had committed sexual crimes such as rape or indecent assault involving Jewish women, thus violating the Nazi prohibition against intermingling of the races; they were also tried in State court and imprisoned. In addition, the Court wrote a report to the Reich Ministry of Justice recommending that no State investigations or criminal trials be held for those who had been acquitted.
Decline of the Supreme Party Court
After the trial against Josef Wagner, Gauleiter of Gau Westphalia-South, in which the Supreme Party Court, against Hitler's wishes, found no formal legal grounds for a conviction, the power of the Court was significantly reduced. Hitler ordered Buch to reverse the decision and expel Wagner, which he did in October 1942. Schneider, who had presided at the trial, was removed from the Court. Furthermore, Buch was ordered to remove all judges who had formal judicial experience and replace them with loyal Party comrades who could be trusted to arrive at the "correct" decisions.
On 21 November 1942, a new directive ordered that every Supreme Party Court judgment had to be confirmed by the Party Chancellery, which was headed by Secretary to the Führer Martin Bormann. Without his approval and co-signature, any decision was invalid and unenforceable. Not only could Bormann nullify sentences imposed by the Court, but he interfered with their independence by informing the Court what decisions were expected in individual cases. Buch tried to maintain the independence of the Court but, frustrated by these developments, refused to preside in Court sessions and effectively withdrew from the tribunal. In August 1944, Bormann ordered almost all party judicial proceedings at every level, except for appeals, suspended to release personnel for the war effort. Disciplinary actions were assigned to the political leaders, to be quickly executed in summary fashion.
At the fall of the Nazi regime in May 1945, the Party courts were abolished. Buch, who had headed them since 1927, was arrested and tried in the denazification process. Found to be a "major offender", he was incarcerated until 29 July 1949 and committed suicide on 12 September of that year.
References
Informational notes
Citations
Sources
1945 disestablishments in Germany
1925 establishments in Germany
Nazi Party organizations
Quasi-judicial bodies |
Abu Duah (born 5 June 1978) is a Ghanaian sprinter who specializes in the 100 metres. He competed in the 4 × 400 metres relay at the 1996 Summer Olympics and the 2000 Summer Olympics.
Duah finished fifth in 4 x 100 metres relay at the 1997 World Championships, together with teammates Eric Nkansah, Aziz Zakari and Emmanuel Tuffour. This team had set a national record of 38.12 seconds in the semi-final heat.
His personal best time on the individual distance is 10.31 seconds, achieved in July 2001 in Arnhem. The Ghanaian record currently belongs to Leonard Myles-Mills with 9.98 seconds.
References
External links
1978 births
Living people
Ghanaian male sprinters
Athletes (track and field) at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Olympic athletes for Ghana
20th-century Ghanaian people
21st-century Ghanaian people
World Athletics Championships athletes for Ghana
Place of birth missing (living people) |
Detectives Inc. is a series of two original graphic novels written by Don McGregor and published by Eclipse Enterprises in 1980 and 1985. The first, Detectives Inc.: A Remembrance of Threatening Green, featured black-and-white art by penciler-inker Marshall Rogers. The second, Detectives Inc.: A Terror Of Dying Dreams, was drawn by Gene Colan.
Publication history
The books' genesis, author Don McGregor recalled, had gone back several years. "I had created Detectives Inc. as early as 1969, as roles for Alex Simmons and myself to play in Super8 millimeter movies I was making". In the early 1970s, the two produced a crude Detectives Inc. comic book, self-published via photocopier.
In 1980, Eclipse Enterprises published Detectives Inc.: A Remembrance of Threatening Green, the first of what would become two graphic novels in this series, both written by McGregor. This initial book featured black-and-white art by penciler-inker Marshall Rogers. The second book, Detectives Inc.: A Terror Of Dying Dreams, followed in 1985, drawn by Gene Colan, and printed directly from his detailed pencils; a later comic-book reprinting added a sepia-tone wash in place of inking. In the American comics market, these two graphic novels were among the first not featuring superhero or science fiction/fantasy stories, and A Remembrance of Threatening Green (1980) was the first naturalistic graphic novel to follow Will Eisner's influential A Contract with God. The Gay League's "LBGT Comics Timeline" cites the book as "featuring the first lesbian characters in mass-market comics".
Eclipse Comics later reprinted the two graphic novels as color comic-book miniseries, dividing the former into two issues (1985) and the latter into three (June, Sept., Dec. 1987), with new Colan covers inked by Steve Leialoha. The graphic novels themselves were reissued by Image Comics in 2001 ( and , respectively).
In 1985, McGregor wrote and directed a low-budget, shot-on-video movie version of Detectives Inc., which has been shown at comic book conventions but remains unreleased commercially.
Plot
Set in and around New York City, the two humanistic mystery-dramas each stars interracial-buddy private detectives Ted Denning and Bob Rainier. A Remembrance of Threatening Green involves a midwife hiring the investigators to find who killed her lesbian lover. In A Terror of Dying Dreams, a social worker has the duo investigate a wife-beating millionaire.
Critical assessment
In a contemporaneous review of the first book, Kim Thompson of The Comics Journal described Detectives Inc.: A Remembrance of Threatening Green as "a disastrously mawkish and disjointed attempt to lash together pulp fiction (in this case, a detective story) with a serious theme." Conversely, Peter Gillis of Comics Feature found it "tense and powerful and draws one into its action…. [the creators] assert (and show) that two detectives, the divorced wife, two lovers separated by death from their common object of passion and others, can be just as exciting, as powerful, as dramatic an ensemble as the Avengers or the Justice League of America.”
Later assessments were largely positive. As a commentator at Ain't It Cool News wrote in 2001,
Writing of the 2001 edition of A Terror of Dying Dreams, Ben Herman of the website NegativePop.com said the story "is as much about these three individuals as it is about the solving of a mystery" and that "McGregor's introspective writing superbly portrays these characters, and establishes the realities they live in. While still occasionally ponderous, for the most part McGregor's narration is strikingly appropriate." He found Colan's black-and-white art, reproduced directly from pencil, "crisp and stunning. ... Visible is the intricate detail of his work, the subtle gradations of shadow and lighting that he utilizes. The emotions of McGregor's characters are vividly brought to life by Colan's illustration of their facial expressions and fluid body language."
References
Further reading
The Comics Journal #54 (March 1980): "From Detective to Detectives Inc.: An Interview with Marshall Rogers", pp. 56–70
The Comics Journal #62 (March 1981): Review by R. Fiore, po. 8-9
Wizard #13 (Spring 1980): "Marshall Rogers at Midnight" (interview), pp. 4–9
Wizard #14 (Winter 1981): Review (with other works), pp. 34–37
External links
Don McGregor (Official site)
American graphic novels
Defunct American comics
Eclipse Comics titles |
Plant ontology (PO) is a collection of ontologies developed by the Plant Ontology Consortium. These ontologies describe anatomical structures and growth and developmental stages across Viridiplantae. The PO is intended for multiple applications, including genetics, genomics, phenomics, and development, taxonomy and systematics, semantic applications and education.
Project Members
Oregon State University
New York Botanical Garden
L. H. Bailey Hortorium at Cornell University
Ensembl
SoyBase
SSWAP
SGN
Gramene
The Arabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR)
MaizeGDB
University of Missouri at St. Louis
Missouri Botanical Garden
See also
Generic Model Organism Database
Open Biomedical Ontologies
OBO Foundry
References
External links
Plant Ontology Consortium
Gramene
TAIR
MaizeGDB
NASC
SoyBase
Ontology
Biological databases |
Achabal (), known as Achival () in Kashmiri, is a town in Anantnag district, in the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, India.
Achabal is an important tourist town about 8.1 km away from Anantnag, and is notable for an ancient spring surrounded by a garden terraced and developed by the Mughals. The upper portion of the garden is called 'Bag-e-Begum Abad' developed by Malika Noor Jehan Begum in 1616 AD and renowned as Sahib Abad in which there is a Hamam (treasure of water) getting heat from a logical lamp (Tosnag).
Cascades and fountains have been erected by Mughal Emperors. A mosque standing in the garden is believed to have been
constructed by Mughal Prince Dara Shikwah. Achabal was once the pleasure retreat of Empress Noor Jehan. A trout hatchery is also located nearby.
Achabal is the site of a Mughal garden called Achabal Gardens.
Geography
Achabal is located at . It has an average elevation of 1936 metres (6352 feet) above mean sea level.
History
According to Kalhana's Rajatarangini Achabal(Sanskrit Akṣavāla) was founded by Akṣa son of King Nara II of Gonandiya dynasty.
Demographics
At the 2001 India census, Achabal had a population of 5835. Males constituted 53% of the population and females 47%. Achabal had an average literacy rate of 65%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with 65% of the males and 35% of females literate. 12% of the population was under 6 years of age.
Nearest tehsils
Shangus
Anantnag
Kokernag
References
Cities and towns in Anantnag district |
Propionic acidemia, also known as propionic aciduria or propionyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency (PCC deficiency), is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic disorder, classified as a branched-chain organic acidemia.
The disorder presents in the early neonatal period with poor feeding, vomiting, lethargy, and lack of muscle tone. Without treatment, death can occur quickly, due to secondary hyperammonemia, infection, cardiomyopathy, or brain damage.
Symptoms and signs
Propionic acidemia can vary in severity. Severe propionic acidemia lead to symptoms already seen in newborns. Symptoms include poor feeding, vomiting, dehydration, acidosis, low muscle tone (hypotonia), seizures, and lethargy. The effects of propionic acidemia quickly become life-threatening.
Long-term complications can include chronic kidney disease, cardiomyopathy, and prolonged QTc interval.
Pathophysiology
In healthy individuals, enzyme propionyl-CoA carboxylase converts propionyl-CoA to methylmalonyl-CoA. This is one of many steps in the process of converting certain amino acids and fats into energy. Individuals with propionic acidemia cannot perform this conversion because the enzyme propionyl-CoA carboxylase is nonfunctional. The essential amino acids valine, methionine, isoleucine, and threonine can not be converted and this leads to a buildup of propionyl-CoA. Instead of being converted to methylmalonyl-CoA, propionyl-CoA is then converted into propionic acid, which builds up in the bloodstream. This in turn causes an accumulation of dangerous acids and toxins, which can cause damage to the organs.
In many cases, propionic acidemia can damage the brain, heart, kidney, liver, cause seizures and delays to normal development such as walking or talking. The accumulation of propionic acid is known to induce differential responses in different organs. The heart and liver are specific targets of the complication. The patient may need to be hospitalized to prevent breakdown of proteins within the body. Dietary needs must be closely managed.
Mutations in both copies of the PCCA or PCCB genes cause propionic acidemia. These genes contain instructions to form alpha- and beta-subunits of PCC, the enzyme called propionyl-CoA carboxylase.
PCC is required for the normal breakdown of the essential amino acids valine, isoleucine, threonine, and methionine, as well as certain odd-chained fatty-acids. Mutations in the PCCA or PCCB genes disrupt the function of the enzyme, preventing these acids from being metabolized. As a result, propionyl-CoA, propionic acid, ketones, ammonia, and other toxic compounds accumulate in the blood, causing the signs and symptoms of propionic acidemia. Hyperammonemia develops due to the inhibitory effects of propionyl-CoA on N-acetylglutamate synthase, indirectly resulting in slowing of the urea cycle.
Diagnosis
Elevated metabolites of propionic acid (for example, 3-hydroxypropionate, 2-methylcitrate, tiglylglycine, propionylglycine) found in blood and urine along with normal activity of biotinidase and normal levels of methylmalonic acid.
Management
Patients with propionic acidemia should be started as early as possible on a low protein diet. In addition to a protein mixture that is devoid of methionine, threonine, valine, and isoleucine, the patient should also receive L-carnitine treatment and should be given antibiotics 10 days per month in order to remove the intestinal propiogenic flora. The patient should have diet protocols prepared for them with a “well day diet” with low protein content, a “half emergency diet” containing half of the protein requirements, and an “emergency diet” with no protein content. These patients are under the risk of severe hyperammonemia during infections that can lead to comatose states.
Liver transplant is gaining a role in the management of these patients, with small series showing improved quality of life.
Epidemiology
Propionic acidemia is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern and is found in about 1 in 35,000 live births in the United States. The condition appears to be more common in Saudi Arabia, with a frequency of about 1 in 3,000. The condition also appears to be common in Amish, Mennonite and other populations with higher frequency of consanguinity.
History
In 1957, a male child was born with poor mental development, repeated attacks of acidosis, and high levels of ketones and glycine in the blood. Upon dietary testing, Dr. Barton Childs discovered that his symptoms worsened when given the amino acids leucine, isoleucine, valine, methionine, and threonine. In 1961, the medical team at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland published the case, calling the disorder ketotic hyperglycinemia. In 1969, using data from the original patient's sister, scientists established that propionic acidemia was a recessive disorder, and that propionic acidemia and methylmalonic acidemia are caused by deficiencies in the same enzyme pathway.
See also
Methylmalonic acidemia
Isovaleric acidemia
Maple syrup urine disease
References
External links
Amino acid metabolism disorders
Autosomal recessive disorders
Rare diseases
Fatty-acid metabolism disorders |
Kartz Ucci (1961 – 2013) was a multidisciplinary contemporary artist and educator working with sculpture, installation, text, and expanded media.
Early life and education
Kartz Ucci earned a BFA and an MFA, as well as an MA in Interdisciplinary Studies from York University in Toronto. After teaching at York University, McMaster University and Ryerson University (now Toronto Metropolitan University) in Canada, she joined the University of Oregon faculty in 2004 and was tenured in 2010.
Critical reception
Greg Kook-Anderson said Ucci was "a digital artist who worked in text, neon, vinyl and film...In her work, Ucci would translate sound into color. She was deeply interested in the ideas of synesthesia -- the sensory disorder in which perception in one sense evokes an involuntary response in another."
The Toronto National Post review said of Ucci's 203 installation, "Sad But True centres on a vinyl LP recording of 368 songs that have the word 'sad' in their titles, which she has layered into one stream of sound. Each song begins at the same time, so the sound that fills the gallery... is a lot of nerve-crunching noise." The review also said, "This is hardly an exhibition you want to hang around in. It's a stressful and impersonal space, even with the hint of playful commentary on the inexhaustible supply of sad songs. It's a lot better to think about this show than to experience it."
Jeff Jahn wrote that she was "one of Oregon's biggest proponents of new media pioneers". Edward P. Clapp said, "Ucci is an installation artist working with relationships of theory, material, and concept within an expanded field of visual exploitation." E. Lamb said Ucci's "Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair" as a "project based video and sound installation, a non-sales form, becoming increasingly significant in contemporary art practice".
Exhibitions
"Sad But True", Red Head Gallery, Toronto, 2003.
Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair, Tilt Export, Helzer Gallery, Portland, 2009.
An Opera of One, in "The Long Now", University of Oregon, 2012.
"256 Shades of Grey", High Desert Test Sites 2013, Joshua Tree, California, 2013.
See also
Conceptual art
Sound installation
References
1961 births
2013 deaths
21st-century American women artists
American contemporary artists
American women academics
Canadian contemporary artists
Canadian women artists
Academic staff of McMaster University
Academic staff of Toronto Metropolitan University
University of Oregon faculty
York University alumni |
Verkh-Apshuyakhta (; , Apşıyaktı) is a rural locality (a selo) in Shebalinsky District, the Altai Republic, Russia. The population was 269 as of 2016. There are 3 streets.
Geography
Verkh-Apshuyakhta is located near the Apshuyakhta River, 21 km southeast of Shebalino (the district's administrative centre) by road. Yelanda is the nearest rural locality.
See also
References
Rural localities in Shebalinsky District |
Chandarana Food Plus Supermarkets, is a Kenyan supermarket chain operated by Chandarana Food Plus Supermarkets Limited.
Location
The Head Office of Chandarana Food Plus Supermarkets Limited (CFPSL) are located on the 3rd Floor of the Lenana Place Building, at 197 Lenana Road, in the neighborhood of Kilimani, in the city of Nairobi, the capital and largest city of Kenya. The coordinates of the company headquarters are: 01°17'18.0"S, 36°47'29.0"E (Latitude:-1.288333, Longitude:36.791389).
Overview
The supermarket chain started in 1964, as a single grocery store, operated by the patriarch of the family, the late entrepreneur Shantilal Mulji Thakkar, with twelve employees. Over the years the business has expanded to 20 stores in major urban centers in Kenya. Three of the founder's sons, Anil Thakkar, Sanjay Thakkar and Dipan Thakkar, run the enterprise.
The company's former group chief operating officer, is Hanif Rajan, a native of Eldoret, Kenya, with a varied retail career in Kenya, Canada, Seychelles and Tanzania. In an interview with Business Daily Africa, in February 2018, Rajan said that the chain owes its success to a cautious, conservative expansion policy, that has saved it from making irrational, emotional decisions. One of the areas that the chain pays special attention to are its suppliers, who deal directly with management, without any middlemen.
The supermarket has remained focused on food items, including in-house butcheries, bakeries, wine and spirits sections, fresh vegetables and sandwich shops. They have stayed away from big ticket manufactured items, such as radios, televisions, refrigerators and cookers. Also, the chain does not maintain warehouses; the suppliers deliver merchandise/produce directly to the store that they supply.
Branches
the supermarket chain maintained branches at the following locations:
Highridge Branch: Masari Road Parklands, Nairobi
Diamond Plaza Branch: Diamond Plaza, Nairobi
Karen Branch: Karen, Nairobi
Muthaiga Branch: Muthaiga, Nairobi
Yaya Centre Branch: Yaya Centre, Nairobi
Ad Life Plaza Branch: Ad Life Plaza, Nairobi
ABC Place Branch: ABC Place, Nairobi
Lavington Mall Branch: Lavington Mall, Nairobi
Nanyuki Branch: Cedar Mall, Nanyuki
Eldoret Branch: Rupa Mall, Eldoret
Signature Mall Branch: Mombasa Road, Nairobi
Diani Branch: Diani Beach
Nyali Branch: Nyali Plaza, Mombasa
Changamwe Branch: Airport Centre, Mombasa
Rosslyn Riviera Branch: Rosslyn Riviera Mall, Nairobi
The Well Branch: The Well Shopping Centre, Nairobi
Kisumu Branch: West End Mall, Kisumu.
Kakamega Branch: Holden Mall, Kakamega-Webuye Road, Kakamega
Ownership
Chandarana Food Plus Supermarkets Limited is a wholly Kenyan, privately held company. , the detailed shareholding in the company stock in not widely, publicly known.
Controversy
On 28 July 2018, an email written by a new marketing staff was deemed racist for targeting to acquire white shoppers which led to public outrage. Governor of Nairobi county, Mike Sonko moved to cancel the retailer's business licence which the legal experts said was unconstitutional until Chandarana supermarkets was given a fair hearing. The management of Chandarana supermarkets apologized adding that this was not in line with the supermarket's values.
Developments
In February 2022, the Business Daily Africa reported that the retail chain had started to open stores in residential neighborhoods, away from large shopping malls, reversing previous policy. In addition, some stores had started carrying small electric appliances, which was not the case before.
As of June 2022, Chandarana Food Plus was the third largest supermarket chain in Kenya, with 24 retail outlets, behind Naivas Limited with 84 stores, Quick Mart Limited with 51 outlets, but ahead of fourth placed Carrefour Kenya with 16 stores.
See also
Kenya Economy
Kenya Supermarkets
References
External links
Website of Chandarana Food Plus Supermarkets Limited
Chandarana Supermarkets staff get 10pc salary increase plus perks As at 2 November 2015.
Supermarkets of Kenya
Nairobi
Retail companies established in 1964
Kenyan companies established in 1964 |
The 2009 NORCECA Beach Volleyball Circuit at Montelimar, was held October 28 - November 2, 2009 in Montelimar Beach, Managua, Nicaragua. It was the last leg of the NORCECA Beach Volleyball Circuit 2009.
Women's competition
Men's competition
Results on November 3, 2009
References
External links
NORCECA
BV Info
See also
NORCECA Beach Volleyball Circuit 2009
Montelimar
Norceca Beach Volleyball Circuit (Montelimar), 2009 |
Public General Acts
|-
| {{|Capital Allowances Act 1990|public|1|19-03-1990|maintained=y|An Act to consolidate certain enactments relating to capital allowances.}}
|-
| {{|Civil Aviation Authority (Borrowing Powers) Act 1990|public|2|19-03-1990|maintained=y|An Act to increase the Civil Aviation Authority's statutory borrowing limit with power to make further increases by order; and to extend the Authority's power to borrow in currencies other than sterling so as to include power to borrow in units of account defined by reference to more than one currency.}}
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| {{|Coal Industry Act 1990|public|3|19-03-1990|maintained=y|An Act to make new provision with respect to grants by the Secretary of State to the British Coal Corporation and further provision with respect to grants and loans under existing powers; and to make provision as to the licensing of coal working, searching and boring and the preservation of amenity in connection with opencast coal working.}}
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| {{|Consolidated Fund Act 1990|public|4|28-03-1990|maintained=y|An Act to apply certain sums out of the Consolidated Fund to the service of the years ending on 31st March 1989, 1990 and 1991.}}
|-
| {{|Criminal Justice (International Co-operation) Act 1990|public|5|05-04-1990|maintained=y|An Act to enable the United Kingdom to co-operate with other countries in criminal proceedings and investigations; to enable the United Kingdom to join with other countries in implementing the Vienna Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances; and to provide for the seizure, detention and forfeiture of drug trafficking money imported or exported in cash.}}
|-
| {{|Education (Student Loans) Act 1990|public|6|26-04-1990|maintained=y|An Act to provide for the making to students in higher education of loans towards their maintenance.}}
|-
| {{|Pensions (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1990|public|7|24-05-1990|maintained=y|An Act to amend the law relating to certain public service pension schemes.}}
|-
| {{|Town and Country Planning Act 1990|public|8|24-05-1990|maintained=y|An Act to consolidate certain enactments relating to town and country planning (excluding special controls in respect of buildings and areas of special architectural or historic interest and in respect of hazardous substances) with amendments to give effect to recommendations of the Law Commission.}}
|-
| {{|Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990|public|9|24-05-1990|maintained=y|An Act to consolidate certain enactments relating to special controls in respect of buildings and areas of special architectural or historic interest with amendments to give effect to recommendations of the Law Commission.}}
|-
| {{|Planning (Hazardous Substances) Act 1990|public|10|24-05-1990|maintained=y|An Act to consolidate certain enactments relating to special controls in respect of hazardous substances with amendments to give effect to recommendations of the Law Commission.}}
|-
| {{|Planning (Consequential Provisions) Act 1990|public|11|24-05-1990|maintained=y|An Act to make provision for repeals, consequential amendments, transitional and transitory matters and savings in connection with the consolidation of enactments in the Town and Country Planning Act 1990, the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 and the Planning (Hazardous Substances) Act 1990 (including provisions to give effect to recommendations of the Law Commission).}}
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| {{|Property Services Agency and Crown Suppliers Act 1990|public|12|29-06-1990|maintained=y|An Act to make provision for the transfer of the Crown services known as the Property Services Agency and the Crown Suppliers; and for connected purposes.}}
|-
| {{|Greenwich Hospital Act 1990|public|13|29-06-1990|maintained=y|An Act to enable the Royal Hospital School to admit both girls and boys and, in either case, regardless of any seafaring family connection; and for purposes connected therewith.}}
|-
| {{|Pakistan Act 1990|public|14|29-06-1990|maintained=y|An Act to make provision in connection with the re-admission of Pakistan as a member of the Commonwealth.}}
|-
| {{|Agricultural Holdings (Amendment) Act 1990|public|15|29-06-1990|maintained=y|An Act to amend Case B in Part I of Schedule 3 to the Agricultural Holdings Act 1986; and for connected purposes.}}
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| {{|Food Safety Act 1990|public|16|29-06-1990|maintained=y|An Act to make new provision in place of the Food Act 1984 (except Parts III and V), the Food and Drugs (Scotland) Act 1956 and certain other enactments relating to food; to amend Parts III and V of the said Act of 1984 and Part I of the Food and Environment Protection Act 1985; and for connected purposes.}}
|-
| {{|Australian Constitution (Public Record Copy) Act 1990|public|17|29-06-1990|maintained=y|An Act to exclude one of the record copies of the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act 1900 from the public records to which the Public Records Act 1958 applies.}}
|-
| {{|Computer Misuse Act 1990|public|18|29-06-1990|maintained=y|An Act to make provision for securing computer material against unauthorised access or modification; and for connected purposes.}}
|-
| {{|National Health Service and Community Care Act 1990|public|19|29-06-1990|maintained=y|An Act to make further provision about health authorities and other bodies constituted in accordance with the National Health Service Act 1977; to provide for the establishment of National Health Service trusts; to make further provision about the financing of the practices of medical practitioners; to amend Part VII of the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 and Part III of the Local Government Finance Act 1982; to amend the National Health Service Act 1977 and the National Health Service (Scotland) Act 1978; to amend Part VIII of the Mental Health (Scotland) Act 1984; to make further provision concerning the provision of accommodation and other welfare services by local authorities and the powers of the Secretary of State as respects the social services functions of such authorities; to make provision for and in connection with the establishment of a Clinical Standards Advisory Group; to repeal the Health Services Act 1976; and for connected purposes.}}
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| {{|Entertainments (Increased Penalties) Act 1990|public|20|13-07-1990|maintained=y|An Act to increase the penalties for certain offences under enactments relating to the licensing of premises or places used for dancing, music or other entertainments of a like kind.}}
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| {{|Licensing (Low Alcohol Drinks) Act 1990 |public|21|13-07-1990|maintained=y|An Act to amend the definition of "intoxicating liquor" in the Licensing Act 1964 and "alcoholic liquor" in the Licensing (Scotland) Act 1976 with respect to alcohol in low alcohol drinks.}}
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| {{|Term and Quarter Days (Scotland) Act 1990|public|22|13-07-1990|maintained=y|An Act to regulate, in relation to Scotland, the dates of Whitsunday, Martinmas, Candlemas and Lammas; and for connected purposes.}}
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| {{|Access to Health Records Act 1990|public|23|13-07-1990|maintained=y|An Act to establish a right of access to health records by the individuals to whom they relate and other persons; to provide for the correction of inaccurate health records and for the avoidance of certain contractual obligations; and for connected purposes.}}
|-
| {{|Rights of Way Act 1990|public|24|13-07-1990|maintained=y|An Act to amend the law relating to rights of way and the disturbance and restoration of the surface of land over which rights of way pass; to keep the line of rights of way clear of crops; to enable local authorities to act in connection therewith; and for connected purposes.}}
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| {{|Horses (Protective Headgear for Young Riders) Act 1990|public|25|13-07-1990|maintained=y|An Act to secure the wearing of protective headgear by children while horse riding; to prescribe offences and penalties; and for connected purposes.}}
|-
| {{|Gaming (Amendment) Act 1990|public|26|13-07-1990|maintained=y|An Act to amend the provisions of the Gaming Act 1968 relating to premises licensed or registered under Part II of that Act.}}
|-
| {{|Social Security Act 1990|public|27|13-07-1990|maintained=y|An Act to amend the law relating to social security and to occupational and personal pension schemes; to establish and confer functions on a Pensions Ombudsman and a Registrar of Occupational and Personal Pension Schemes; to make provision for the payment of grants for the improvement of energy efficiency in certain dwellings; and for purposes connected therewith.}}
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| {{|Appropriation Act 1990|public|28|26-07-1990|maintained=y|An Act to apply a sum out of the Consolidated Fund to the service of the year ending on 31st March 1991, to appropriate the supplies granted in this Session of Parliament, and to repeal certain Consolidated Fund and Appropriation Acts.}}
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| {{|Finance Act 1990|public|29|26-07-1990|maintained=y|An Act to grant certain duties, to alter other duties, and to amend the law relating to the National Debt and the Public Revenue, and to make further provision in connection with Finance.}}
|-
| {{|Government Trading Act 1990|public|30|26-07-1990|maintained=y|An Act to amend the Government Trading Funds Act 1973 and section 5 of the Exchequer and Audit Departments Act 1921 and to repeal the Borrowing (Control and Guarantees) Act 1946.}}
|-
| {{|Aviation and Maritime Security Act 1990|public|31|26-07-1990|maintained=y|An Act to give effect to the Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts of Violence at Airports Serving International Civil Aviation which supplements the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Civil Aviation; to make further provision with respect to aviation security and civil aviation; to give effect to the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Maritime Navigation and to the Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Fixed Platforms Located on the Continental Shelf which supplements that Convention; to make other provision for the protection of ships and harbour areas against acts of violence; and for connected purposes.}}
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| {{|Representation of the People Act 1990|public|32|26-07-1990|maintained=y|An Act to provide for a person no longer resident at his qualifying address or at any other address in the same area to be eligible for an absent vote for an indefinite period at Parliamentary elections in the United Kingdom and local government elections in Great Britain.}}
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| {{|Marriage (Registration of Buildings) Act 1990|public|33|26-07-1990|maintained=y|An Act to allow a building to be registered for the solemnization of marriages under section 41 of the Marriage Act 1949 notwithstanding that it forms part of another building.}}
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| {{|British Nationality (Hong Kong) Act 1990|public|34|26-07-1990|maintained=y|An Act to provide for the acquisition of British citizenship by selected Hong Kong residents, their spouses and minor children.}}
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| {{|Enterprise and New Towns (Scotland) Act 1990|public|35|26-07-1990|maintained=y|An Act to establish public bodies to be known as Scottish Enterprise and Highlands and Islands Enterprise and to make provision as to their functions; to dissolve the Scottish Development Agency and the Highlands and Islands Development Board; to make further provision as regards new towns in Scotland; and for connected purposes.}}
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| {{|Contracts (Applicable Law) Act 1990|public|36|26-07-1990|maintained=y|An Act to make provision as to the law applicable to contractual obligations in the case of conflict of laws.}}
|-
| {{|Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990|public|37|01-11-1990|maintained=y|An Act to make provision in connection with human embryos and any subsequent development of such embryos; to prohibit certain practices in connection with embryos and gametes; to establish a Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority; to make provision about the persons who in certain circumstances are to be treated in law as the parents of a child; and to amend the Surrogacy Arrangements Act 1985.}}
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| {{|Employment Act 1990|public|38|01-11-1990|maintained=y|An Act to make it unlawful to refuse employment, or any service of an employment agency, on grounds related to trade union membership; to amend the law relating to industrial action and ballots; to make further provision with respect to the Commissioner for the Rights of Trade Union Members; to confer a power to revise or revoke Codes of Practice; to provide for the merger of the Redundancy Fund with the National Insurance Fund; to amend the Education (Work Experience) Act 1973; and for connected purposes.}}
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| {{|Landlord and Tenant (Licensed Premises) Act 1990|public|39|01-11-1990|maintained=y|An Act to repeal section 43(1)(d) of the Landlord and Tenant Act 1954; and for connected purposes.}}
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| {{|Law Reform (Miscellaneous Provisions) (Scotland) Act 1990|public|40|01-11-1990|maintained=y|An Act, as respects Scotland, to make new provision for the regulation of charities; to provide for the establishment of a board having functions in connection with the provision of conveyancing and executry services by persons other than solicitors, advocates and incorporated practices; to provide as to rights of audience in courts of law, legal services and judicial appointments, and for the establishment and functions of an ombudsman in relation to legal services; to amend the law relating to liquor licensing; to make special provision in relation to the giving of evidence by children in criminal trials; to empower a sheriff court to try offences committed in the district of a different sheriff court in the same sheriffdom; to provide as to probation and community service orders and the supervision and care of persons on probation and on release from prison and for supervised attendance as an alternative to imprisonment on default in paying a fine; to amend Part I of the Criminal Justice (Scotland) Act 1987 with respect to the registration and enforcement of confiscation orders in relation to the proceeds of drug trafficking; to amend section 24 of the Housing (Scotland) Act 1987; to provide a system for the settlement by arbitration of international commercial disputes; to amend Part II of the Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977; and to make certain other miscellaneous reforms of the law.}}
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| {{|Courts and Legal Services Act 1990|public|41|01-11-1990|maintained=y|An Act to make provision with respect to the procedure in, and allocation of business between, the High Court and other courts; to make provision with respect to legal services; to establish a body to be known as the Lord Chancellor's Advisory Committee on Legal Education and Conduct and a body to be known as the Authorised Conveyancing Practitioners Board; to provide for the appointment of a Legal Services Ombudsman; to make provision for the establishment of a Conveyancing Ombudsman Scheme; to provide for the establishment of Conveyancing Appeal Tribunals; to amend the law relating to judicial and related pensions and judicial and other appointments; to make provision with respect to certain officers of the Supreme Court; to amend the Solicitors Act 1974; to amend the Arbitration Act 1950; to make provision with respect to certain loans in respect of residential property; to make provision with respect to the jurisdiction of the Parliamentary Commissioner for Administration in connection with the functions of court staff; to amend the Children Act 1989 and make further provision in connection with that Act; and for connected purposes.}}
|-
| {{|Broadcasting Act 1990|public|42|01-11-1990|maintained=y|An Act to make new provision with respect to the provision and regulation of independent television and sound programme services and of other services provided on television or radio frequencies; to make provision with respect to the provision and regulation of local delivery services; to amend in other respects the law relating to broadcasting and the provision of television and sound programme services and to make provision with respect to the supply and use of information about programmes; to make provision with respect to the transfer of the property, rights and liabilities of the Independent Broadcasting Authority and the Cable Authority and the dissolution of those bodies; to make new provision relating to the Broadcasting Complaints Commission; to provide for the establishment and functions of a Broadcasting Standards Council; to amend the Wireless Telegraphy Acts 1949 to 1967 and the Marine, &c., Broadcasting (Offences) Act 1967; to revoke a class licence granted under the Telecommunications Act 1984 to run broadcast relay systems; and for connected purposes.}}
|-
| {{|Environmental Protection Act 1990|public|43|01-11-1990|maintained=y|An Act to make provision for the improved control of pollution arising from certain industrial and other processes; to re-enact the provisions of the Control of Pollution Act 1974 relating to waste on land with modifications as respects the functions of the regulatory and other authorities concerned in the collection and disposal of waste and to make further provision in relation to such waste; to restate the law defining statutory nuisances and improve the summary procedures for dealing with them, to provide for the termination of the existing controls over offensive trades or businesses and to provide for the extension of the Clean Air Acts to prescribed gases; to amend the law relating to litter and make further provision imposing or conferring powers to impose duties to keep public places clear of litter and clean; to make provision conferring powers in relation to trolleys abandoned on land in the open air; to amend the Radioactive Substances Act 1960; to make provision for the control of genetically modified organisms; to make provision for the abolition of the Nature Conservancy Council and for the creation of councils to replace it and discharge the functions of that Council and, as respects Wales, of the Countryside Commission; to make further provision for the control of the importation, exportation, use, supply or storage of prescribed substances and articles and the importation or exportation of prescribed descriptions of waste; to confer powers to obtain information about potentially hazardous substances; to amend the law relating to the control of hazardous substances on, over or under land; to amend section 107(6) of the Water Act 1989 and sections 31(7)(a), 31A(2)(c)(i) and 32(7)(a) of the Control of Pollution Act 1974; to amend the provisions of the Food and Environment Protection Act 1985 as regards the dumping of waste at sea; to make further provision as respects the prevention of oil pollution from ships; to make provision for and in connection with the identification and control of dogs; to confer powers to control the burning of crop residues; to make provision in relation to financial or other assistance for purposes connected with the environment; to make provision as respects superannuation of employees of the Groundwork Foundation and for remunerating the chairman of the Inland Waterways Amenity Advisory Council; and for purposes connected with those purposes.}}
|-
| {{|Caldey Island Act 1990|public|44|01-11-1990|maintained=y|An Act to provide for the islands of Caldey and St. Margaret's in the county of Dyfed to be included in the district of South Pembrokeshire for the purposes of local, parliamentary and European elections and for the purposes of local taxation; to include those islands in the districts of the Pembrokeshire coroner and the Pembrokeshire Health Authority; and for connected purposes.}}
}}
Local Acts
|-
| {{|South Yorkshire Light Rail Transit Act 1989|local|19|21-12-1989|maintained=y|An Act to empower the South Yorkshire Passenger Transport Executive to construct additional works for the extension of their LRT system in the Lower Don Valley in the City of Sheffield and the Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham and to acquire lands for that purpose; to confer further powers upon the Executive; and for other purposes.}}
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| {{|St. George's Hill, Weybridge, Estate Act 1990|local|1|22-02-1990|An Act to make provision for the maintenance, preservation and regulation in the interest of the residents thereof of the St. George's Hill Estate at Weybridge in the borough of Elmbridge in the county of Surrey; and for other purposes.}}
|-
| {{|New Southgate Cemetery and Crematorium Limited Act 1990|local|2|22-02-1990|An Act to confirm an agreement between New Southgate Cemetery and Crematorium Limited and the National Spiritual Assembly of the of the United Kingdom for the transfer to the said assembly of the freehold of certain lands forming part of the cemetery administered by the said company; and for other purposes.}}
|-
| {{|Hythe Marina Village (Southampton) Wavescreen Act 1990|local|3|22-02-1990|An Act to authorise Hythe Marina Limited to construct works in Southampton Water; and for other purposes.}}
|-
| {{|Isle of Wight Act 1990|local|4|22-02-1990|An Act to amend the Isle of Wight County Council Act 1971.}}
|-
| {{|Buckinghamshire County Council Act 1990|local|5|22-02-1990|An Act to relieve the Buckinghamshire County Council of their statutory duty to establish a new county secondary school at Shenley Church End in Buckinghamshire.}}
|-
| {{|United Medical Dental Schools Act 1990|local|6|22-02-1990|An Act to dissolve the First and Second Administration Councils of the United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St. Thomas's Hospitals; to transfer to the Council of Governors of the Schools all rights, properties and liabilities of those Administration Councils; to make provision with respect to the administration and management of certain funds relating to the Schools; and for connected and other purposes.}}
|-
| {{|London Local Authorities Act 1990|local|7|22-02-1990|An Act to confer further powers upon local authorities in London; and for other purposes.}}
|-
| {{|Penzance Albert Pier Extension Act 1990|local|8|22-02-1990|An Act to empower the Penwith District Council to construct works at Penzance Harbour; and for other purposes.}}
|-
| {{|City of London (Spitalfields Market) Act 1990|local|9|22-02-1990|An Act to provide for the alteration of the site of Spitalfields Market; and for other purposes.}}
|-
| {{|British Railways Order Confirmation Act 1990|local|10|19-03-1990|An Act to confirm a Provisional Order under the Private Legislation Procedure (Scotland) Act 1936, relating to British Railways.|po1=British Railways Order 1990|Provisional Order to empower the British Railways Board to construct a work and to purchase or use land; to confer further powers on the Board; and for other purposes.}}
|-
| {{|Strathclyde Regional Council Order Confirmation Act 1990|local|11|28-03-1990|An Act to confirm a Provisional Order under the Private Legislation Procedure (Scotland) Act 1936, relating to Strathclyde Regional Council.|po1=Strathclyde Regional Council Order 1990|Provisional Order to authorise a motor rally on certain public roads on the Island of Mull; to confer powers on the Strathclyde Regional Council in relation thereto; and for other purposes.}}
|-
| {{|British Film Institute Southbank Act 1990|local|12|28-03-1990|An Act to free certain land on the south bank of the river Thames from any trust which allows the use thereof by the public as an open space.}}
|-
| {{|Birmingham City Council Act 1990|local|13|28-03-1990|An Act to authorise the control of establishments for massage or special treatment in the city of Birmingham.}}
|-
| {{|Nottingham Park Estate Act 1990|local|14|05-04-1990|maintained=y|An Act to make revised provision for the funding of The Nottingham Park Estate Limited; to confer certain powers on The Nottingham Park Estate Limited in relation to the Nottingham Park Estate; and for other purposes.}}
|-
| {{|Greater Manchester (Light Rapid Transit System) Act 1990|local|15|26-04-1990|maintained=y|An Act to empower the Greater Manchester Passenger Transport Executive to construct additional works and to acquire lands; to confer further powers on the Executive; and for other purposes.}}
|-
| {{|Happisburgh Lighthouse Act 1990|local|16|26-04-1990|An Act to establish and constitute the Happisburgh Lighthouse Trust; to appoint the Trust to be a local lighthouse authority; to confer on the Trust power to operate and maintain Happisburgh lighthouse in the county of Norfolk; and for connected purposes.}}
|-
| {{|Bromley London Borough Council (Crystal Palace) Act 1990|local|17|29-06-1990|An Act to provide for the leasing of land at Crystal Palace.}}
|-
| {{|South Yorkshire Light Rail Transit Act 1990|local|18|29-06-1990|maintained=y|An Act to empower the South Yorkshire Passenger Transport Executive to construct certain works in substitution for works authorised by the South Yorkshire Light Rail Transit Act 1988 and other enactments; to confer further powers upon the Executive, and for other purposes.}}
|-
| {{|River Tees Barrage and Crossing Act 1990|local|19|26-07-1990|maintained=y|An Act to empower the Teesside Development Corporation to construct a barrage in and across the river Tees; to construct a road bridge and footbridge over the river Tees; and in connection therewith to execute other works and to acquire lands; to provide for the control and development of part of the river Tees for amenity and recreation; and for other purposes.}}
|-
| {{|Hasmonean High School Act 1990|local|20|26-07-1990|An Act to relieve the Governors of the Hasmonean High School of their statutory duties to accommodate the entire school at a single site and to provide only two forms of entry for girls; and for related purposes.}}
|-
| {{|Associated British Ports Act 1990|local|21|26-07-1990|An Act to empower Associated British Ports to construct works and to acquire lands; to confer further powers on A.B. Ports; and for other purposes.}}
|-
| {{|Medway Tunnel Act 1990|local|22|26-07-1990|An Act to authorise the Wardens and Assistants of Rochester Bridge in the county of Kent to construct works and to acquire lands; and for other purposes.}}
|-
| {{|Greater Manchester (Light Rapid Transit System) (No. 2) Act 1990|local|23|26-07-1990|An Act to empower the Greater Manchester Passenger Transport Executive to construct further works and to acquire lands; to confer further powers on the Executive; and for other purposes.}}
|-
| {{|City of London (Various Powers) Act 1990|local|24|26-07-1990|An Act to empower the Conservators of Epping Forest to grant to the Secretary of State for Transport rights or interests in land for road purposes; to make further provision for the regulation of horse-riding in Epping Forest; to amend provisions relating to Blackfriars Underpass, city walkways, the regulation of highways within the city, traffic in Billingsgate Market, the registration of houseboats and the City of London School; and for other purposes.}}
|-
| {{|British Railways Act 1990|local|25|26-07-1990|An Act to empower the British Railways Board to construct works and to purchase or use land; to extend the time for the compulsory purchase of certain land; to confer further powers on the Board; and for other purposes.}}
|-
| {{|Penzance South Pier Extension Act 1990|local|26|26-07-1990|An Act to empower the Penwith District Council to construct works at Penzance Harbour; and for other purposes.}}
|-
| {{|Great Yarmouth Port Authority Act 1990|local|27|26-07-1990|maintained=y|An Act to provide for the closure to the public of certain lands in or adjoining the Port of Great Yarmouth; to confer further powers on the Great Yarmouth Port Authority to give directions to vessels; and for other purposes.}}
|-
| {{|City of Dundee District Council Order Confirmation Act 1990|local|28|01-11-1990|An Act to confirm a Provisional Order under the Private Legislation Procedure (Scotland) Act 1936, relating to City of Dundee District Council.|po1=City of Dundee District Council Order 1990|Provisional Order to re-enact with amendments certain local statutory provisions in force within the City of Dundee District; to confer further powers on the City of Dundee District Council; and for other purposes.}}
|-
| {{|Zetland Masonic Sick and Widows and Orphans Fund Order Confirmation Act 1990|local|29|01-11-1990|An Act to confirm a Provisional Order under the Private Legislation Procedure (Scotland) Act 1936, relating to Zetland Masonic Sick and Widows and Orphans Fund.|po1=Zetland Masonic Sick and Widows and Orphans Fund Order 1989|po1note1=|Provisional Order to provide for the dissolution of The Masonic Sick and Widows and Orphans Fund of Zetland and for the transfer of its assets to the General Lodge Benevolent Fund of the Masonic Lodge Morton Lerwick No. 89 on the Roll of the Grand Lodge of Scotland; and for other purposes.}}
|-
| {{|London Local Authorities (No. 2) Act 1990|local|30|01-11-1990|maintained=y|An Act to confer further powers upon local authorities in London; and for other purposes.}}
|-
| {{|Port of Tyne Act 1990|local|31|01-11-1990|maintained=y|An Act to make fresh provision for the controlling of works within the Port of Tyne; and for connected or other purposes.}}
}}
Notes
References
Lists of Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom |
Machine Sazi Arak (MSA) is an Iranian industrial machinery and equipment manufacturing corporation that was established in 1967 in an area of 134 hectares in the city of Arak in order to support underlying industries and meet the industrial needs of the country.
Activities and products
Some of the activities and products of MSA are as follows: Engineering, procurement, construction, installation of oil, gas, petrochemical, chemical factories, automotive and metal industries and power plant equipment including storage tanks, mobile and fixed pressure vessels, fractionating columns, industrial furnaces, heat exchangers, air coolers, spherical tanks, indirect heat exchangers, mobile oil treating (MOT) units, gate valves and well-head equipment, drilling rigs, process pumps for oil and gas industry, cranes, hydro mechanical equipment for dams, fire tube and water tube boilers as well as combination cycles boilers, bridges and heavy steel structures, production of alloy steels, pressure flanges, industrial rings, axle and railways tires, steel balls, heavy machining industrial furnaces as well as manufacturing machines and plant equipment and industrial incinerators.
With very rapid technological growth of MSA during these years, two reorganizations were performed to manage a wide and varied range of activities.
Groups
Equipment Manufacturing Group
Metallurgy Manufacturing Group
Steam Boiler Manufacturing Group
Bridges and Steel Structure Manufacturing Group
Machining and Assembly Group
External links
Description of Machine Sazi Arak
Engine manufacturers of Iran
Manufacturing companies of Iran
Engineering companies of Iran
Companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange
Iranian brands
Pump manufacturers
Construction and civil engineering companies of Iran
Crane manufacturers
Industrial machine manufacturers
Wind turbine manufacturers
Companies based in Arak
Iranian entities subject to the U.S. Department of the Treasury sanctions
Iran–Soviet Union relations |
is a national park in the Chūbu region of the main island of Honshū, Japan formed around several active and dormant volcanoes. It spans the mountainous areas of Gunma, Nagano, and Niigata prefectures. The name refers to the two mountain ranges that make up the park. It was divided into two separate areas: the Southern Niigata/North Nagano Area and the East Nagano Area.
History
Jōshin'etsu-kōgen National Park was established in 1949 and significantly expanded in 1956 to include the Myōkō-Togakushi mountainous region. The latter was separated as Myōkō-Togakushi Renzan National Park on March 27, 2015 with 39.772 ha.
Etymology
The name of the park consists of two elements. The first, "Jōshin'etsu", is a kanji acronym consisting of three characters which represent the former names of provinces of the area: in present-day Gunma Prefecture, in present-day Nagano Prefecture, and in present-day Niigata Prefecture. The second, "kōgen", means tableland or plateau.
Southwest Mikuni Mountain Range Area
includes Mount Tanigawa () and two active volcanoes -- Mount Kusatsu-Shirane () and Mount Asama (). Mount Asama is the most active volcano on Honshū.
Recreation
The Jōshin'etsu Kōgen National Park is a popular tourist destination for skiing, mountain climbing, hiking, and onsen hot spring resorts. The Eastern Area holds the popular skiing areas of Sugadaira and Shiga Kōgen. The Shiga-Kusatsu-Kogen Ridge Highway traverses this section of the park, connecting the Yamanouchi Hot Springs, including the onsens of Yudanaka, in the north with the resort town of Karuizawa, Nagano Prefecture in the south.
Karuizawa can be reached from Tokyo via the JR East Nagano Shinkansen.
See also
List of national parks of Japan
External links
Ministry of Environment description
References
National parks of Japan
Parks and gardens in Gunma Prefecture
Parks and gardens in Nagano Prefecture
Parks and gardens in Niigata Prefecture
Protected areas established in 1949 |
Sebastian is a city in Indian River County, Florida, United States at the confluence of the St. Sebastian River and the Indian River. It is two miles away from the Atlantic Ocean. It is the largest city in Indian River County and the biggest population center between Palm Bay and Fort Pierce. The city's economy is heavily reliant on tourism. It has numerous resorts in the local area, such as Disney's Vero Beach Resort. It is very close to many natural and scenic areas like the Pelican Island National Wildlife Refuge, Sebastian Inlet State Park, and St. Sebastian River Preserve State Park.
In 2020, the population recorded by the U.S. Census Bureau was 25,054.
Sebastian is a principal city of the Sebastian−Vero Beach Metropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Indian River County.
History
In 1715, several Spanish ships loaded with treasure (known as the 1715 Treasure Fleet) encountered a storm off the shores of the Treasure Coast and were lost. It is estimated that only a portion of the sunken treasure has been found. The value placed on the treasure lost from the 1715 fleet has been estimated at more than US$500 million.
The town of Sebastian was a fishing village as early as the 1870s. In the early 1880s David Peter Gibson and Thomas New settled in the area. New filed to start a post office under the name New Haven. However, New got into legal trouble for misuse of his position as postmaster and was removed. Officially, Sebastian was founded in 1882 and named St. Sebastian, after Saint Sebastian. Later, “St.” was removed from the name of the town, but not from the river. Sebastian was incorporated as a city in 1923.
Nearby Pelican Island was declared the first National Wildlife Refuge in the United States in 1903.
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total land area of .
Climate
Demographics
At the 2020 census, There were 25,054 people residing in 10,684 households. The racial make-up of the city was 90.8% White, 3.2% African American, 0.20% Native American, 0.40% Asian, and 3.90% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.70% of the population.
14.4% of the population were people under the age of 18, and 35.5% were people over the age of 65. The average household size was 2.39.
51.6% of the population were female and 48.4% male. The median household income for the city was $54,986 in 2020, and the per capita income was $32,400. About 10.6% of the population were below the poverty line.
Government
The Government of the City of Sebastian follows a council-manager government model with a five-member city council as the elected governing body and a city manager as the chief operating officer. Members of the city council serve two-year terms with staggered elections.
Public safety
Fire Rescue
Indian River County Fire-Rescue provides fire protection and emergency medical services to the citizens of Sebastian. There are two fire stations assigned to the city:
Station 8 – Engine 8, Rescue 8, Battalion 1.
Station 9 – Quint 9, Rescue 9.
Police Department
The Sebastian Police Department provides police protection for the city. It operates from the municipal complex, and is staffed by approximately 43 sworn officers.
Education
The School District of Indian River County operates public schools.
There are three elementary schools (Sebastian Elementary, Pelican Island Elementary and Treasure Coast Elementary,) two middle schools (Sebastian River Middle School and Sebastian Charter Junior High) and one high school (Sebastian River High School) in the city.
Located to the west of the city center on County Road 512, the North County Public Library is part of the Indian River County Library System.
Transportation
The GoLine Bus system operates buses out of the North County Transit Hub at 90th Avenue & Sebastian Blvd to various parts of Indian River County.
Notable people
Bryan Augenstein, pitcher in Major League Baseball in 2009 and 2011; born in Sebastian
Jim Gary, American sculptor, was born in Sebastian
Arlo Guthrie, American folk singer-songwriter
Paul Kroegel, American conservationist
See also
Ais people
Alvaro Mexia
Andrew Canova
Bartram Trail
Robert A. Hardee
Sebastian River Area Chamber of Commerce
References
External links
City of Sebastian Florida Portal style website, Government, Business, Library, Recreation and more
City-Data.com Comprehensive Statistical Data and more about Sebastian
ePodunk
Sebastian Daily
Populated places established in 1924
Cities in Indian River County, Florida
Populated places on the Intracoastal Waterway in Florida
1924 establishments in Florida
Cities in Brevard County, Florida
Cities in Florida |
The People's State of Bavaria () was a short-lived socialist state in Bavaria from 1918 to 1919. The People's State of Bavaria was established on 8 November 1918 during the German Revolution, as an attempt at a socialist state to replace the Kingdom of Bavaria. The state was led by Kurt Eisner until his assassination in February 1919. Its government under Johannes Hoffmann went into exile in Bamberg when the rival Bavarian Soviet Republic was formed on 6 April 1919. The People's State of Bavaria was dissolved upon the establishment of the Free State of Bavaria on 14 August 1919.
Background
The roots of the People's State of Bavaria lay in the German Empire's defeat in the First World War and the social tensions that came to a head shortly thereafter. From this chaos erupted the German Revolution of 1918. At the end of October 1918, German sailors began a series of revolts in Kiel and other naval ports. In early November, these disturbances spread civil unrest across Germany.
Munich, the capital of Bavaria, was "an island of anarchic bohemianism and political radicalism in an otherwise predominantly Roman Catholic rural sea of small towns and timber houses scattered across the foothills of the Alps," according to Michael Burleigh. Alan Bullock writes that "Few towns in the Reich were as sensitive to the mood of unrest as Munich: its political atmosphere was unstable and exaggerated towards one extreme or the other," and, according to Joachim Fest, "No other city in Germany had been so shaken by the events and emotions of the revolution and the first postwar weeks as excitable Munich."
Extensive constitutional reforms of the governing structure of the Kingdom of Bavaria, under discussion between the royal government and all parliamentary groups since September 1917, were agreed to on 2 November 1918. These included, among other things, the introduction of proportional representation and the transformation of the constitutional monarchy into a parliamentary monarchy. However, events on the ground were outpacing these measures.
Beginning on 3 November 1918, protests initiated by the socialist Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD) called for peace and demanded the release of detained leaders. On the afternoon of 7 November 1918, the first anniversary of the Russian revolution, Kurt Eisner, an idealistic Independent Social Democratic Party politician addressed a crowd estimated to have been about 60,000 on the Theresienwiese – current site of the Oktoberfest – in Munich. He demanded an immediate peace, an eight-hour workday, relief for the unemployed, abdication of Bavarian King Ludwig III and the German emperor, Kaiser Wilhelm II, and proposed the formation of workers' and soldiers' councils. The crowd marched to the army barracks and won over most of the soldiers; those who didn't go over to the revolution were too war-weary to mount any resistance to it. The combined group, estimated to be more than 100,000, then marched to the Residenz Palace. That night, King Ludwig, abandoned by the army, fled from the Palace with his family and took up residence in Anif Palace in nearby Salzburg, for what he hoped would be a temporary stay. He was the first of the monarchs in the German Empire to be deposed.
The next day, Eisner, a well-known figure with a long black beard who invariably wore a black overcoat and hat and steel-rimmed spectacles, having gotten the approval of the local revolutionary workers' and soldiers' councils, declared Bavaria a "free state" – synonymous to "republic" – a declaration which overthrew the monarchy of the Wittelsbach dynasty, which had ruled Bavaria for over 700 years, and Eisner became Minister-President of Bavaria. Eisner was a middle-class Jew who had been a drama critic in Berlin before he left his wife and family to come to Munich, where he took up with a female journalist, frequented the cafés of the Schwabing district of the city, and wrote reviews for the Müchener Post – although he later lost his job because he was part of the "revisionist right-wing" of the Social Democratic Party, which wanted the party to drop its attachment to Marxist ideology.
Eisner helped found the Munich branch of the Independent Social Democratic Party and became known for his anti-war stance, which had garnered him eight months in jail after he organized a number of peace strikes in January 1918; he was released under a general amnesty in October 1918. Despite his gift for rhetoric and oratory, Eisner had no political or administrative experience when he became minister-president.
Eisner government
The government consisted of:
|}
On 12 November 1918, King Ludwig III signed the Anif declaration releasing both civil and military officers from their oaths; the newly-formed Eisner government interpreted this as an abdication, although to date, no member of the royal House of Wittelsbach has ever formally renounced the throne.
Though he advocated a socialist republic, Eisner distanced himself from the Russian Bolsheviks, declaring that his government would protect property rights. For a few days, the Munich social market economist Lujo Brentano served as People's Commissar for Trade ().
On 7 January 1919, a Provisional State Constitution () was promulgated.
The new republic started out with many strikes against them. None of the leaders were native Bavarians, and they were bohemians and intellectuals – many of them Jewish – who were conspicuous in their anti-bourgeois bias. Those from the right called Eisner a "foreign, racially alien vagabond" and a Bolshevist, and his associates as "unscrupulous alien scoundrels", "Jewish rascals" and "misleaders of labor". Eisner did not help matters by declaring his regime would have "government by kindness", and would create a "realm of light, beauty and reason." There were frequent spectacles such as parades, demonstrations, concerts, and speeches, but the regime's philosophical Utopianism won over few converts. Eisner even admitted to German guilt for World War I at a socialist conference in Bern, Switzerland, and, with his secretary Felix Fechenbach, published papers from the official archives of Bavaria which showed the German complicity in the Austrian ultimatum to Serbia in July 1914, after the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand. Even cabinet ministers were dissatisfied with Eisner's leadership: one of them told him "You are an anarchist ... You are no statesman, you are a fool ... We are being ruined by bad management." An organized campaign for Eisner's removal from office was not long in coming.
As the new government was unable to provide basic services, it soon lost the support of the conservative Bavarian countryside, necessary for any government to hold together in the rural province. Eisner's USPD was defeated in the January 1919 election, coming in sixth place, with only 3 per cent of the vote, and only garnering three seats in the Bavarian Parliament (the ), while the Bavarian People's Party got 66 seats. Eisner, apparently because he was loath to give up power, delayed calling the into session until public pressure from all quarters – including a death threat from the Thule Society if he did not give up his office – forced him to. Finally, he set the legislature to meet on 21 February 1919, more than a month after the election.
As he was on his way to the to announce his resignation, Eisner was shot dead by the right-wing nationalist Anton Graf von Arco auf Valley, a decorated aristocratic former cavalryman now a student at the University of Munich, who was a believer in the "stab-in-the-back myth", which held that Jews, socialists and other undesirable elements had caused Germany to lose World War I. As a Jew, a socialist, a Bohemian, and a Berliner, Eisner was the perfect target. Arco-Valley had been humiliated when a Leftist mob tore off his cockade from his hat after the war, and then endured further humiliation when he was rejected from membership in the anti-Semitic Thule Society because of Jewish ancestry on his mother's side.
After the assassination
After the shooting, Arco-Valley was saved from lynching on the spot by the fast action of Eisner's secretary, Fechenbach. Instead, he was arrested and taken to Stadelheim Prison where, coincidentally, he was put in the same cell that Eisner had served time in earlier. Despite the assassination of Eisner, the convened, and Erhard Auer – the leader of the Social Democrats and the Minister of the Interior in Eisner's government – began to eulogize Eisner, but rumours had already begun to spread that Auer was behind the assassination. Acting on these false allegations, Alois Lindner, a butcher and saloon waiter, and a member of the Revolutionary Workers' Council who was a fervent supporter of Eisner, shot Auer twice with a rifle, seriously wounding him. This prompted other armed supporters of Eisner to open fire, causing a melee, killing one delegate from the Centre Party and provoking nervous breakdowns in at least two ministers. From this point, there was effectively no government in Bavaria.
These events caused unrest and lawlessness in Bavaria, and a general strike was proclaimed by the soldiers' and workers' councils, who distributed guns and ammunition, provoking the declaration of a state of emergency. The assassination of Eisner created a martyr for the leftist cause, and prompted demonstrations, the closing of the University of Munich, the kidnapping of aristocrats, and the forced pealing of church bells. "Revenge for Eisner" rang through bullhorns in the streets. The support for the Left was greater than ever before, even greater than Eisner himself had been able to garner.
For a month, a Central Council (soviet) under Ernst Niekisch held governmental power. Then, on 7 March 1919, the new leader of the Socialists, Johannes Hoffmann, an anti-militarist and former schoolteacher, managed to patch together a parliamentary coalition government, but a month later, on the night of 6–7 April, Communists and anarchists, energized by the news of a left-wing revolution in Hungary declared a Bavarian Soviet Republic (BSR), with Ernst Toller as chief of state. Toller called on the non-existent "Bavarian Red Army" to support the new dictatorship of the proletariat and ruthlessly deal with any counter-revolutionary behavior.
The Hoffmann government fled to Bamberg in Northern Bavaria, which it declared as the new seat of government – although most of the ministers resigned. An attempt by troops loyal to the Hoffmann government to mount a counter-coup and overthrow the BSR was put down on 13 April by the new "Red Army" created from factory workers and members of the soldiers' and workers' councils. Twenty people died in the fighting.
The rival governments then clashed militarily at Dachau on 18 April when Hoffmann's 8,000 soldiers met the Soviet Republic's 30,000. After a coup six days into Toller's regime, the Soviet Republic was now lead by three Russian émigrés, including Eugen Leviné. The BSR forces – led by, of all people, Ernst Toller – was victorious in the first battle at Dachau, but Hoffmann made a deal which gave him the services of 20,000 men of the under Lt. General Burghard von Oven. Oven and the then took Dachau and surrounded Munich, panicking Egilhofer, who had the hostages he was holding executed, despite the efforts of Toller to prevent it. The broke through the Munich defenses on 1 May, and, after the execution of at 1,000-1,200 Communists and anarchists, Oven declared the city to have been secured on 6 May, ending the Bavarian Soviet Republic.
Active participants in the units which suppressed the Bavarian Soviet Republic included many future powerful members of the Nazi Party, including Rudolf Hess.
The Bamberg Constitution was enacted on 14 August 1919, creating the Free State of Bavaria within the new Weimar Republic.
Aftermath
The immediate effect of the existence of the People's State of Bavaria and the Bavarian Soviet Republic was to inculcate in the Bavarian people a hatred of left-wing rule. They saw the period in which these two states existed as one of privation and shortages, censorship and restrictions on their freedoms, and general chaos and disorder. It was seen as , the "rule of horror". These feelings were then constantly to be reinforced by right-wing propaganda not only in Bavaria, but throughout the Reich, where "Red Bavaria" was held up as an object lesson in the horrors of socialism and communism. In this way, the radical right was able to provoke and feed the fears of the peasants and the middle class. The separate strands of Bavarian right-wing extremism found a common enemy in despising the Left, and Bavaria became profoundly "reactionary, anti-Republican, [and] counter-revolutionary."
The Left itself had been neutralized after the demise of the two socialist states, and in such a way that there continued to be bad blood between the Communist Party (KPD) and the Social Democratic Party (SPD) that prevented them from working together throughout Germany. This lack of cooperation, with the Communists seeing the Social Democrats as betrayers of the Revolution, and the Social Democrats seeing the Communists as under the control of Moscow, was later to redound to the advantage of the Nazi Party, since only a parliamentary coalition of the KPD and SPD could have prevented the Nazis from coming to power. Even at the height of their influence in the , they did not have enough delegates to resist such a coalition.
See also
Aftermath of World War I
German Revolution of 1918–19
History of Bavaria
Bavarian Soviet Republic
References
Informational notes
Citations
Bibliography
Bavaria
Bavaria
People's State of Bavaria
Bavaria
Bavaria
Bavaria
People's State of Bavaria
History of Munich
Aftermath of World War I in Germany
German Revolution of 1918–1919
Communism in Germany |
Samochód Pancerny wzór 29 ("armoured car year 1929 model"), commonly known as Ursus or CWS, was a Polish interwar heavy armored car. A handful of these vehicles saw combat during the Polish-German War of 1939.
History and description
The car was designed in 1929 by Rudolf Gundlach. The vehicle was based on the chassis of the Ursus A 2-ton truck (Italian S.P.A. 25C modified by Ursus Mechanical Works in Warsaw), the armored body was built by CWS, Warsaw. The initial armament consisted of the French 37 mm low-velocity gun in the turret front, 7.92 mm machine guns in the turret left-rear and right-rear at 120 degrees to the gun (all operated by the commander), and another 7.92 mm MG in the hull rear (operated by the rear gunner). Although this arrangement helped to achieve good balance of the turret, it was awkward to use. In the mid-1930s the right turret machine gun was removed. The car carried 96 rounds for the main gun and 4032 MG rounds in 16 252-round belts.
The vehicle was sufficiently armed and armored for late 1920s, but was underpowered, lacked all-wheel drive (which led to poor off-road mobility) and had high silhouette. Because of these shortcomings, only between 10 and 13 cars were built.
Combat history
Although obsolete by 1939, the car was still in service at the outbreak of the Second World War. 8 vehicles were assigned to the 11th armoured battalion of the Mazowiecka Cavalry Brigade, Army Modlin, as a reconnaissance unit. The vehicles acted well in combat, but by 16 September all of them were lost.
External links
derela.republika.pl
Armoured cars of the interwar period
Armoured cars of Poland
Vehicles introduced in 1929
Military vehicles introduced in the 1920s |
Yuri Ivanovich Krinitsyn (Russian: Ю́рий Ива́нович Крини́цын, born 1938), known as The Riga Upyr, is a Soviet serial killer, robber and extortionist who, between January and September 1975, killed three people in Riga. His last would-be victim, whom he planned to blackmail, was famous composer Raimonds Pauls, who aided the authorities with Krinitsyn's capture. A psychological evaluation deemed that Krinitsyn was incompetent to stand trial, and he was interned at a mental hospital.
Biography
Yuri Krinitsyn (or, according to other sources, Spitsyn) was born in Moscow, RSFSR in 1938. Later on, his entire family moved to the Latvian SSR while he was still young. On August 13, 1950, the Krinitsyn family were among the passengers of the steamer Mayakovsky; the waiting crowd on the pier did not wait for passengers to leave, and started to board the ship. As a result, the steamer was not able to hold the load and sank due to passenger overcrowding. In a matter of minutes, 147 people perished, including Yuri Krinitsyn's parents, but he himself was rescued. However, as his brain had trouble receiving oxygen for a prolonged period before he could be resuscitated, this caused the young boy severe stress, which later on led to him being diagnosed with reactive psychosis. As an adult, Krinitsyn found a job at the Bureau of Hydrodynamics in Riga and got married, but his new wife often cheated on and scolded him for his meager wage, despite him receiving a salary of 200 roubles, which was considered high by Soviet standards. In order to release tension, Krinitsyn bought a Luger pistol from a friend, with which he went out in the nearby Adazh forest to shoot at targets he positioned on trees.
Murders
One time, while he had yet another quarrel with his wife, Krinitsyn went into the forest to blow off steam. While walking through the forest, he noticed a parked car in a clearing, with the driver sleeping inside. Suddenly, Krinitsyn attempted to shoot the driver, but his pistol misfired, causing him to hastily leave.
In January 1975, Krinitsyn got into the car of taxi driver Mekkers, a former spy for Nazi Germany who lived illegally in the country under a false name, having fled his homeland to escape being drafted into the army. Krinitsyn approached him and offered to take him to the forest, where he shot Mekkers in the back of the head. After killing him, he stole 20 Rbls. 63 kop., which he immediately spent on gifts for his wife. He then drove the man's car to Riga, where he left in a conspicuous place.
On September 14, Krinitsyn committed his next crime, killing a KGB operative named Markin, who worked for the Council of Ministers, by shooting him in the back of the head while he was walking along a forested path in Dārziņi. After discovering Markin's corpse, the investigators began to suspect that it was the work of foreign agents, since the bullets used were matched to a Luger, a foreign-made weapon. In fact, Krinitsyn was unaware of who his victim was.
Thirteen days later, Krinitsyn killed operative A. Serdechny, an employee of the army's counterintelligence unit. He got into the victim's car and asked for a lift to Langstiņi, and on the way, he shot Serdechny in the back of the head. After killing him, he drove the car and parked it in front of an official KGB building in the capital's center, before promptly fleeing the scene.
Blackmail of Raimonds Pauls
While waiting at a bus stop, Krinitsyn overheard a conversation between two women, who were discussing the material wealth of famous composer Raimonds Pauls. One of the women told her companion that for Pauls, 17,000 Rbls "amounted to 17 roubles for us", causing Krinitsyn to become infatuated with the idea of acquiring this exact sum from Pauls. He planned to first get the money and then kill the composer after, in order to become an infamous criminal.
On 24 December 1975, Krinitsyn phoned the Pauls residence and demanded the 17,000 Rbls from the composer, threatening that he would both him and his family members if he refused or notified authorities. He claimed that he had killed seven people so far, and said that Pauls would become his eight if he refused. After initially believing it was a prank call, Pauls eventually contacted an associate who worked in the police department and was convinced to participate in an operation to catch the extortionist.
The following day, Pauls arrived at Mežaparks, carrying a briefcase which was boobytrapped with paint. He left the briefcase on the ground and quickly left, and a few minutes later, Krinitsyn arrived, checked the surrounding area, grabbed it and began to run. He ran into the entrance of a nearby apartment building, whereupon he opened the briefcase and was splashed with paint. A few moments later, he was detained by undercover operatives who were keeping him under surveillance.
During the subsequent interrogation, Krinitsyn denied his guilt in the extortion, claiming that he had found the briefcase by accident and that his curiosity had gotten the better of him. However, Pauls recognized him after authorities played an audio recording of the extortionist's voice, which was recorded from his wiretapped phone. After he was confronted with this, Krinitsyn admitted to the extortion, as well as the three murders he had committed over the past months. According to him, he had killed Mekkers for "desecrating the forest"; Markin for looking back at him too much and Serdechny for being asleep on the job. Krinitsyn showed the investigators where he kept his weapon, that being his shed near his wooden two-storey house on Karevue Street. While exploring the household, authorities found multiple pistols. Krinitsyn also claimed that he would spend hours upon hours in the shed, disassembling and maintaining his pistol.
Initially, Krinitsyn was deemed sane to stand trial, but during the process, his mental state grew worse at a rapid rate. He was sent for a psychiatric examination, which deemed that he was mentally unfit and thus, incapable of understanding the gravity of his actions. As a result, Krinitsyn was interned at a mental hospital, where, over the course of time, his condition deteriorated rapidly and he became unable to communicate verbally.
At present, Krinitsyn is being treated at the Chernyakhovsk Special Psychiatric Hospital in Chernyakhovsk, Russia. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs offered the government of newly independent Latvia to return the convict, but the offer was categorically refused.
See also
List of serial killers by country
In popular culture
Documentary "Bullet for the Maestro" from "The investigation was conducted..." (in Russian)
Documentary "Kill the composer" from "Legends of the Soviet Investigation" (in Russian)
Notes
References
Literature
F. Razzakov. Encyclopedia of Crime: Bandits from the Seventies. 2008. — 890 с. — . (in Russian)
1938 births
Living people
People acquitted by reason of insanity
Criminals from Moscow
Robbers
Soviet criminals
Soviet serial killers |
```javascript
// @flow
import type {RemoveTodoMutation_todo$key} from 'relay/RemoveTodoMutation_todo.graphql';
import type {RemoveTodoMutation_user$key} from 'relay/RemoveTodoMutation_user.graphql';
import {useCallback} from 'react';
import {graphql, useFragment, useMutation} from 'react-relay';
const mutation = graphql`
mutation RemoveTodoMutation($connections: [ID!]!, $input: RemoveTodoInput!) {
removeTodo(input: $input) {
deletedTodoId @deleteEdge(connections: $connections)
user {
completedCount
totalCount
}
}
}
`;
export function useRemoveTodoMutation(
userRef: RemoveTodoMutation_user$key,
todoRef: RemoveTodoMutation_todo$key,
todoConnectionId: string,
): () => void {
const user = useFragment(
graphql`
fragment RemoveTodoMutation_user on User {
id
userId
totalCount
completedCount
}
`,
userRef,
);
const todo = useFragment(
graphql`
fragment RemoveTodoMutation_todo on Todo {
id
complete
}
`,
todoRef,
);
const [commit] = useMutation(mutation);
return useCallback(() => {
commit({
variables: {
input: {
id: todo.id,
userId: user.userId,
},
connections: [todoConnectionId],
},
optimisticResponse: {
removeTodo: {
deletedTodoId: todo.id,
user: {
id: user.id,
totalCount: user.totalCount - 1,
completedCount: user.completedCount + (todo.complete ? -1 : 0),
},
},
},
});
}, [commit, user, todo, todoConnectionId]);
}
``` |
Dionysius (some sources Denis) was appointed Dean of Armagh in 1301 and served until 1330.
In 1303 he was elected Archbishop of Armagh but declined. He is mentioned in the Pipe Rolls of 1313 and in In 1319, acting for Roland Jorz, Archbishop of Armagh he confirmed the
election of Michael Mac Lochlainn to the Bishopric of Derry. In 1325 he is witness to the publication of a Papal Bull at Armagh.
References
Deans of Armagh
14th-century Irish Roman Catholic priests
Place of birth missing
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing |
Chthamalus dentatus, the tooth barnacle, is a species of star barnacle in the family Chthamalidae.
References
External links
Sessilia
Crustaceans described in 1848 |
Parasitica (the parasitican wasps) is an obsolete, paraphyletic infraorder of Apocrita containing the parasitoid wasps. It includes all Apocrita except for the Aculeata. Parasitica has more members as a group than both the Symphyta and the Aculeata combined.
Parasitica also contains groups of phytophagous hymenopterans such as the Cynipoidea (gall wasps).
References
External links
Parasitica at bugguide
Insect infraorders
Paraphyletic groups |
Gostkowo may refer to the following places:
Gostkowo, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-central Poland)
Gostkowo, Ciechanów County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
Gostkowo, Bytów County in Pomeranian Voivodeship (north Poland)
Gostkowo, Ostrów Mazowiecka County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
Gostkowo, Przasnysz County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
Gostkowo, Pułtusk County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
Gostkowo, Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
Gostkowo, Słupsk County in Pomeranian Voivodeship (north Poland)
Gostkowo, West Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-west Poland) |
Smukfest (also known as the Skanderborg Festival) is an annual music festival, held during the second weekend of August in Denmark. Its location, in a beech forest in the vicinity of Skanderborg, has given rise to the slogan "Denmarks' Most Beautiful Festival" (Danish: Danmarks Smukkeste Festival).
The festival covers many styles of music, such as rock, pop, folk, heavy metal, hip-hop and electronic.
The festival focuses mainly on Danish music, but with some big names from other countries e.g. Britney Spears, Eric Clapton, Prince, Pet Shop Boys, Ozzy Osbourne, Tom Jones, Fat Boy Slim, Blood Hound Gang, Rihanna and many more.
The first festival was held in 1980, and was a one-day event with 7 bands and about 600 spectators.
The festival has a mascot called "Waltidur Festismuk Kærligkys Ølimund Rockilund Trold" (Waltidur Party-beauty Loving-kiss Beer-in-mouth Rock-in-grove Troll), born in 1579, thus the festival was born on Waltidurs 400th birthday.
In 2009, Skanderborg Festival was held for the 30th time and is today the second largest festival in Denmark, after the Roskilde Festival. The festival gathered more than 50,000 people for the concerts, including 8,500 workers, most of them volunteers and has reached the current site's maximum capacity.
Stages
The festival has 4 stages (2016):
Bøgescenerne / The Main Stages
P3-teltet (Danish National Radio has a station called P3)
Stjerne-scenen (Star Stage)
Sherwood-scenen (Sherwood Stage)
The festival main stage consist of two stages and is called "Bøgescenerne" (Beech stages).
Music performances
External links
Media related to Skanderborg Festival at Wikimedia Commons
References
Rock festivals in Denmark
Music festivals in Denmark
Skanderborg Municipality
1980 establishments in Denmark
Tourist attractions in the Central Denmark Region
Music festivals established in 1980
Pop music festivals
Folk festivals in Denmark
Summer events in Denmark |
This is a list of football clubs in Finland.
League listings
Championship - Veikkausliiga
Division 1 - Ykkönen
Division 2 - Kakkonen
Division 3 - Kolmonen
Division 4 - Nelonen
Division 5 - Vitonen
Division 6 - Kutonen
Division 7 - Seiska
Alphabetical listings
Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Å Ä Ö
I
Footnotes
References
I |
Western Front or West Front may refer to:
Military frontiers
Western Front (World War I), a military frontier to the west of Germany
Western Front (World War II), a military frontier to the west of Germany
Western Front (Russian Empire), a major unit of the Imperial Russian Army during World War I
Western Front (RSFSR), a Red Army group during the Russian Civil War and the Polish-Soviet War
Western Front (Soviet Union), an army group of the Soviet Union
Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922), known in Turkey as the Western Front of the Turkish War of Independence
Operation Chengiz Khan, in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971
Art, entertainment and media
West Front (video game), a 1998 video game
Western Front (album), a 2006 album by Carbon/Silicon
Western Front (band), an American band active from 1985 to 1986
The Western Front (book), a 2000 book by Richard Holmes about the First World War
The Western Front, a newspaper of Western Washington University
The Western Front (TV series), an Australian sports program broadcast from 2002 to 2011
Joel Feeney and the Western Front, a 1991 album
The Western Front (film), a 2010 American documentary film
The Great War: Western Front, a 2023 video game
Other uses
, a cargo ship that saw service as a naval auxiliary in World War I
Western Front Association, a UK-based charity
Western Front Society, an artist-run centre in Vancouver, Canada
See also
All Quiet on the Western Front (disambiguation)
Westwork (German: Westwerk), or "west front", the west-facing entrance section of a Carolingian, Ottonian, or Romanesque church |
Duc de Beaumont is an extinct title of nobility in the peerage of France which was created by letters patent in 1765 for French Royal Army officer Charles-François-Christian de Montmorency-Beaumont-Luxembourg.
History
The lordship of Beaumont-du-Gâtinais in the Île-de-France, was raised to County for Achille de Harlay, a prominent judge and Premier President of the Parliament of Paris. The title went extinct in 1717 with his great-grandson, another Achille de Harlay, but the lands themselves were inherited by the latter's daughter, wife of the Marhall of Montmorency (third son of the Duke of Luxembourg).
The Beaumont title was resurrected as a Dukedom for their son Charles-François-Christian de Montmorency-Luxembourg, a general in the French Army. It was a "simple dukedom", meaning his holder was not a Peer of France. It became extinct on the death of the grantee's grandson Anne-Édouard-Louis-Joseph de Montmorency-Beaumont-Luxembourg, in 1878.
Counts of Beaumont (1612)
1612-1616 : Achille de Harlay (1536-1616), Premier President of the Parliament of Paris, 1st count of Beaumont.
1616-1671 : Achille de Harlay (1606-1671), Procurator General of the Paris Parliament, 2nd count of Beaumont.
1671-1712 : Achille de Harlay (1639-1712), Premier President of the Paris Parliament, 3rd count of Beaumont.
1712-1717 : Achille de Harlay (1668-1717), Advocate General of the Paris Parliament, 4th count of Beaumont.
1717-1749 : Louise-Madeleine de Harlay (1694-1749), heiress of Beaumont, wife of the Marshall of Montmorency.
Ducs de Beaumont (1765)
1713-1787 : Charles-François-Christian de Montmorency-Beaumont-Luxembourg. (1713–1787).
1787-1790 ; 1815-1821 : Anne Christian de Montmorency-Luxembourg (1767–1821).
1821-1848 ; 1852-1878 : Anne Edouard Louis Joseph de Montmorency-Luxembourg, styled prince of Montmorency-Luxembourg (1802–1878).
Sources
http://www.heraldica.org/topics/france/peerage2.htm
Beaumont
Beaumont |
Satchel's Pizza is a restaurant in Gainesville, Florida. It was opened on March 7, 2003 by Satchel Raye.
Satchel's has become very well known in Gainesville, and can have wait times of over an hour on the weekends. It is common for Gainesville residents to see bumper stickers from Satchel's when driving around town.
History
Satchel's was opened on March 7, 2003 by Satchel Raye, the founder and owner of the restaurant.
Restaurant fire
On February 28, 2012, the restaurant caught fire. It reopened on June 14 of the same year. During the downtime, Satchel Raye used Indiegogo to raise funds for its 47 employees. Nearly 700 people made contributions in a 16-day period, providing a total of $37,696 to the restaurant.
Gift shop fire
On December 5, 2016, the restaurant's outdoor seating area and gift shop, known as Lightnin' Salvage, caught fire and was destroyed. The restaurant itself was unharmed and remained open. In November 2017, Raye announced plans to reopen Lightnin' Salvage as a two-story building.
The gift shop and live music venue reopened on December 5, 2017. A grand reopening event was later held on June 1, 2018.
Expansion
In 2018, a new outdoor playground was built by University of Florida architecture students.
In February 2020, Raye announced that he would be opening a second location named Satch² in a downtown food park. The new location was officially opened on July 20, 2020. It was later sold off to a new owner and renamed SquareHouse Pizza in June 2023.
In May 2022, the University of Florida's new food provider Chartwells proposed the creation of a Satchel's Pizza location on campus during their contract negotiations.
Community involvement
Satchel's Pizza has periodically organized fundraisers for local and national charities, including a $4,000 donation to Girls on the Run.
References
Culture of Gainesville, Florida
Buildings and structures in Gainesville, Florida
Italian restaurants in Florida
2003 establishments in Florida
Restaurants established in 2003 |
Raymond Wright Mack (July 15, 1927 – August 25, 2011) was an American sociologist known for his work on race relations and social inequality. He was the chair of the sociology department at Northwestern University from 1959 to 1967, and co-founded the Center for Urban Affairs there in 1968. He served as the Center's director from then to 1971, as Vice President and Dean of Faculties at Northwestern from 1971 to 1974, and as provost of the university from 1974 to 1987.
References
1927 births
2011 deaths
American sociologists
People from Ashtabula, Ohio
Baldwin Wallace University alumni
University of North Carolina alumni
Northwestern University faculty |
Sidi Nâamane is a town and commune in Tizi Ouzou Province in northern Algeria.
References
Communes of Tizi Ouzou Province |
HMAS Ladava is a former Royal Australian Navy (RAN) base that was located at Milne Bay in Papua New Guinea.
The Australian armed forces operated a number of bases in Milne Bay during World War II. Australians were able to defend and keep Milne Bay in the Battle of Milne Bay in 1942. Some bases: Rabi Camp (also spelled Rabe) was attacked by Japan in 1942. Rabi Camp was on the north shore in Swinger Bay at . KB Mission camp (Koebule Mission) was on the north shore east of Rabi Camp at , in the city of Alotau. Waga Waga Camp was at , on the south shore. At Konibirrubirru Island was an Australian Wireless Spotters Station. Main camp was at HMAS Ladava. Later the US Navy built Naval Base Milne Bay nearby and in some of HMAS Ladava camps.
Kana Kopa Base
Kana Kopa (Kana Kope) is on the south side and near the entrance of Milne Bay at . Kana Kopa was used as anchorage for the Royal Australian Navy starting in 1942 and supported the August 1942 Battle of Milne Bay.
Airfields
Gurney Airfield (No. 1 Strip) at Milne Bay, is now Gurney Airport at .
Turnbull Field (No. 3 Strip) was built in 1942 and is located near Gil Gili, just west of Swinger Bay. Now Memorial Park- No. 3 Airstrip at .
Waigani Airfield, No. 2 Strip was built near Waigani on the west end of Milne Bay. Due to poor water drainage, the airfield was abandoned and not used. Airfield was at .
Gallery
See also
Gama River
List of former Royal Australian Navy bases
References
Ladava
Milne Bay Province |
Anapurus is a municipality in the state of Maranhão in the Northeast region of Brazil.
In February 2012, debris from an Ariane 4 rocket, originally launched in 1997, fell out of orbit and landed in Anapurus.
See also
List of municipalities in Maranhão
References
Municipalities in Maranhão |
The White Kei River or Wit-Kei River is a river in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. It originates north of Queenstown, beginning its course as the Grootvleispruit river and eventually joining the Black Kei River, to form the Great Kei River.
The Xonxa Dam is located in the White Kei River. Presently this river is part of the Mzimvubu to Keiskama Water Management Area.
See also
Great Kei River
List of rivers of South Africa
References
External links
SA Estuarine Land-cover: Great Kei Catchment
Towns of historical interest in the 'kei
Rivers of the Eastern Cape |
Lola Dutronic Album 2 – The Love Parade, the second album by Canadian electronic music duo Lola Dutronic, was issued in 2007. "La Mer" is an adaptation from the song by Charles Trenet, and "Sukiyaki" is a remix of a song by Kyu Sakamoto. "Le Model" is an adaptation from the song "The Model / Das Modell" by Kraftwerk.
Track listing
2007 albums
Lola Dutronic albums
Bongo Beat Records albums |
Jesse Groover Bowles (August 24, 1921 – January 28, 2007) was a justice of the Supreme Court of Georgia from 1977 to 1981.
Born in Baconton, Georgia, Bowles "graduated from Camilla High School in 1938", and attended Georgia Military College. He received a B.A., and an LL.B., cum laude, from the University of Georgia in 1946, where he also played on the school football team under coach Wally Butts. Following his graduation, Bowles "established his law practice in Cuthbert in March, 1946".
In 1977, Bowles was appointed by Governor George Busbee to a seat vacated by the retirement of William B. Gunter. Bowles was reelected in 1980, but sixteen days later announced his resignation, leading to litigation over whether the Governor had the right to name his replacement.
Bowles died at his home at the age of 85.
References
1921 births
2007 deaths
Justices of the Supreme Court of Georgia (U.S. state)
People from Mitchell County, Georgia
University of Georgia alumni
Georgia Bulldogs football players |
Coull is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Cynthia Coull (born 1965), Canadian figure skater
Gary Coull (1954–2006), Canadian businessman
George Coull (1862–1934), Scottish pharmaceutical chemist
Joanna Coull (b. 1973), British swimmer
Robert Coull (b. 1966), British cyclist
See also
Coull Castle, in Scotland
Coull Quartet, English string quartet
English-language surnames |
Pim Johannes Thomas van Strien (born 29 April 1977) is a Dutch politician of the conservative-liberal People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) who has served as a member of the House of Representatives since 2021. He previously worked as a press officer for the VVD and Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate Policy.
Early life and career
Van Strien was born in 1977 in the North Brabant city of Tilburg. He attended Concord College in the English county of Shropshire in the years 1993–95 before studying international law at Maastricht University. Van Strien was a member of the student association Circumflex and its debating society Ambiorix, and he interned at the United Nations as part of the staff of Secretary-General Kofi Annan.
He worked at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and took a job at the VVD in 2006, initially serving as a political adviser and later as a press officer. Van Strien became chief spokesperson for Minister of Economic Affairs Henk Kamp (VVD) in 2014 after having served as one of his spokespeople for one year. Starting in 2018, he led the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate Policy's communication strategy and external affairs department.
Van Strien was the VVD's 31st candidate in the 2021 general election and was elected to the House of Representatives with 463 preference votes. He was sworn in on 31 March. Van Strien's specialties in the House are the knowledge economy, industrial policy, economic innovation, media, and culture, and he is on the Committees for Digital Affairs; for Economic Affairs and Climate Policy; for Education, Culture and Science; and for Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation (vice chair). He is also on the House's contact groups Germany, United Kingdom, and United States and on its delegation to the Benelux Parliament. In June 2021, when during the COVID-19 pandemic infections with the coronavirus were declining in the Netherlands, Van Strien called on the government to grant more permits for festivals and other cultural activities to support the struggling cultural sector. He also pled for the framing of an accord to improve the Dutch business climate. Van Strien had criticized a bill that would require companies to adhere to corporate social responsibility principles for this reason.
Personal life
While a House of Representatives member, Van Strien moved from the Amsterdam borough of Westerpark to Haarlem. He has a girlfriend and two sons, who were born in 2017 and 2020.
References
External links
Campaign website
1977 births
21st-century Dutch civil servants
21st-century Dutch politicians
Living people
Maastricht University alumni
Members of the House of Representatives (Netherlands)
People's Party for Freedom and Democracy politicians
Political spokespersons
Political staffers
Politicians from Amsterdam
People educated at Concord College, Acton Burnell |
Monte Santo de Minas is a Brazilian municipality in the south of the state of Minas Gerais. Its population is 21,513 inhabitants, according to the 2020 estimate. Its area is 594.6 km² and its density is 35.8 inhabitants per square kilometer.
Since around 2005 there have been a Diaspora from Monte Santo to Campinas (see Brazilian Silicon Valley), composed mostly of young men looking for better opportunities as qualified IT technicians. The Diaspora was initially led by Matheus Coradini and Cicero Alcantara.
Notable people
Néria Lúcio Buzatto (born 1980), lawyer and politician
References
Municipalities in Minas Gerais |
Old Oak Common Lane railway station is a proposed railway station in West London, UK. If constructed, it will be situated on the North London Line, between and , within the London Overground commuter rail system. Old Oak Common Lane station would be situated about 400 yards (350 metres) to the west of the planned Old Oak Common railway station and will offer interchange between London Overground and other rail services, including National Rail (Great Western Railway), Crossrail (the Elizabeth Line) and High Speed 2. It is one of two proposed new stations which will connect with Old Oak Common, the other being on the West London line.
Proposals
Old Oak Common Lane station would be located about to the west of the main Crossrail station on Old Oak Common Lane. It is also planned to construct a footbridge to give access to the station from Victoria Road (A4000 road) via Midland Terrace. Interchange with the Crossrail station will be determined by the design of the new Old Oak Common station.
Under the Transport and Works Act 1992, the project will be subject to a Transport and Works Act Order (TWAO) and governmental funding if construction is to proceed. The scheme would also be examined at a public inquiry before it could be approved by the Secretary of State for Transport.
In October 2017, Transport for London began a public consultation on the construction of two new Overground stations, Hythe Road on the West London line and Old Oak Common Lane on the North London line. In December 2018, TfL stated that the construction of the two stations would be heavily dependent on securing government funding.
Old Oak Common Lane would be served by London Overground trains running on the North London Line. Additionally, it has been proposed to run trains from and via Old Oak Common Lane to by re-opening the Dudding Hill freight line to passenger services. This scheme, known as the West London Orbital, is currently at public consultation stage with TfL.
References
Proposed London Overground stations |
Luisa of Naples and Sicily (Luisa Maria Amalia Teresa; 27 July 1773 – 19 September 1802) was Grand Duchess of Tuscany as the wife of Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany. She was born a princess of Naples and Sicily as a daughter born to Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies and Maria Carolina of Austria.
Luisa had a rough correspondence with preeminent painter Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun—who was commissioned to paint portraits of Luisa and her elder siblings. Vigée Le Brun dubbed Luisa as the “most ugly” daughter of Ferdinand and Maria Carolina, and was even reluctant to finish her portrait. In matter of fact, many disliked Luisa’s appearance, and found her to be unattractive. Despite this, Luisa was known to be kindhearted to those around her.
After eleven years of marriage, Luisa and her husband, Ferdinand, were unwillingly forced into exile upon the Treaty of Aranjuez in 1801. The couple soon fled to Vienna, Austria, where they would stay for nearly a year until Ferdinand compensated with the Electorate of Salzburg, giving him titles and land. Luisa, however, died aged 29, before her husband re-ascended the throne.
Life
Childhood (1773–1790)
Luisa Maria Amalia Teresa was born on 27 July 1773, at the Royal Palace of Naples. Her parents were Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies and his wife, Maria Carolina of Austria. Luisa was one of eighteen children, seven of whom survived into adulthood. She was often called Maria Luisa.
Her paternal grandparents were Charles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony; her maternal grandparents were Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria.
Marriage (1790–1802)
On 15 August 1790, Maria Luisa was wed with her first cousin Ferdinand, Grand Duke of Tuscany. The wedding ceremony took place in Florence. Her husband ruled the Grand Duchy of Tuscany until 1790, but was forced into exile due to the Treaty of Aranjuez, in which he was to, by Napoleon, make way for the Kingdom of Etruria.
The couple both went into exile and lived in Vienna, the capital of the Austrian Empire, which was ruled by Archduke Ferdinand's elder brother, Emperor Francis II. Soon, Ferdinand was compensated by being given the secularized lands of the Archbishop of Salzburg as Grand-Duke of Salzburg.
Correspondence with Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun
In 1790 prominent French painter Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun was commissioned to paint portraits of Maria Carolina’s four eldest children—one of them being Maria Luisa. Though, whilst painting Luisa, Le Brun was reluctant to finish it due to Luisa’s features. Le Brun detailed the encounter in her memoirs, recalling:
Despite the criticism given to her, Luisa remained charitable, and kind to those critical of her appearance.
Death
On 19 September 1802, upon a somewhat complicated childbirth, Maria Luisa died giving birth to a stillborn son at the Hofburg, in Vienna. She is currently buried in the Imperial Crypt, in Austria, with her stillborn son in her arms.
Aftermath
Her husband outlived her by 23 years, he himself dying in 1824. Before his death, however, he had his Tuscan title reassumed—in 1814—after the title was held by Elisa Bonaparte. Ferdinand also remarried in 1821 to Princess Maria Ferdinanda of Saxony, though this marriage remained childless.
Children
Archduchess Carolina Ferdinanda Teresa (2 August 1793 – 5 January 1802); died in childhood.
Archduke Francesco Leopoldo (15 December 1794 – 18 May 1800); died in childhood.
Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany (3 October 1797 – 29 January 1870); became Grand Duke of Tuscany, marrying Maria Anna of Saxony and Princess Maria Antonia of the Two Sicilies. Had issue.
Archduchess Maria Luisa Giuseppa (30 August 1799 – 15 June 1857); was born disabled and had a severe deformity. Due to this, she was affectionately called "the little hunchback" by the people of Florence. Never married, nor had issue.
Archduchess Maria Theresa (21 March 1801 – 12 January 1855); became queen of Sardinia upon marriage to Charles Albert. Had issue.
Stillborn son* (19 September 1802)
Ancestry
References
External links
Luisa Maria Amalia Teresa, Princess of Naples and Sicily at the British Museum
1773 births
1802 deaths
Austrian princesses
Deaths in childbirth
Grand Duchesses of Tuscany
House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
House of Habsburg-Lorraine
Italian Roman Catholics
Neapolitan princesses
18th-century Neapolitan people
Sicilian princesses
19th-century Neapolitan people
Burials at the Imperial Crypt
Burials at St. Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna
Daughters of kings
Women who experienced pregnancy loss |
San Francesco all'Immacolata is a baroque-style, Roman Catholic church located on Piazza Francesco Corpaci on the island of Ortigia, in the historic city center of Siracusa in Sicily, Italy.
Description
The Order of Friars Minor Conventual or Franciscan friars owned a church at this site, initially dedicated to the apostle St Andrew, but in the 16th century rededicated to the Marian venerations of the Immaculate Conception and the Madonna del Socorso. The church underwent a major refurbishment in 1613 with addition of marble stairs and altars. The ceiling frescoes depict the Glory of the Virgin of the Immaculate Conception with Saints Francis and Anthony by Giuseppe Cristodoro. In the 19th century after a fire in the church of Sant'Andrea dei Teatini (Theatines), the painting of St Andrew from that church was moved to San Francesco. The clock from that church was also moved to the bell-tower, rebuilt in 1876. The coat of arms above the facade portal displays the symbols of the Franciscan order, the crossed arms before the cross of Christ. Twentieth century restorations have uncovered a 15th-century portal opening to the sacristy.
The plaque at the base of the bell-tower recalls a visit by St Francis to Sicily, but the fascist symbols and dating add a dissonant addition to a Franciscan church.
References
18th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in Italy |
The flag of Huntingdonshire is the county flag for the historic county of Huntingdonshire in England. It was enrolled on the UK Flags Register by the Flag Institute on 25 June 2009.
Origin
The flag was first proposed by Rupert Barnes of the Huntingdonshire Society which promotes the traditional county status of Huntingdonshire. The Society's original design was published in June 2007.
In 2009, Graham Bartram, the Chief Vexillologist of the Flag Institute, proposed alterations to the design, which the Society accepted. This latter design was registered as the county flag.
Design
The flag was not an entirely original design; it is contained in the arms which the College of Arms granted in 1937 to Huntingdonshire County Council and which are now borne by Huntingdonshire District Council. The full achievement of the Huntingdonshire arms features as a crest:
On a Wreath of Argent and Azure a Lion rampant Gules gorged with a Collar flory counter-flory Or and supporting a Staff proper flying therefrom a Banner Vert charged with a Hunting Horn stringed Or
This banner, in plain English a green flag with a gold, beribboned hunting horn, then formed the basis of the county flag design.
The hunting horn as a symbol for the town of Huntingdon or for Huntingdonshire appears also on older civic heraldry, for example the arms of the former Borough of Huntingdon and Godmanchester.
The flag's aspect ratio is 3:5.
The Pantone Colours for the flag are:
Green 355,
Yellow
References
Huntingdonshire
Huntingdonshire
Huntingdonshire |
The Hive Shipwreck is a heritage-listed shipwreck site of the Hive, a former convict transportation ship located approximately off Bherwerre Beach, Jervis Bay Territory, Australia. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 1 April 2010.
History
The Hive represents the only known ship wrecked on mainland Australia while carrying convicts. Two other ships, the George III and Neva were wrecked in Tasmanian waters. All three were lost during 1835.
A colourful period of the colony's history, the loss of the Hive was an important event, occurring in the largely unsurveyed region of Jervis Bay, New South Wales. The valuable cargo of 10,000 of specie for the Commissariat was successfully salvaged, although later work resulted in the further loss of the Government schooner Blackbird. Local identities such as Alexander Berry, aided the rescue of some 300 people on board, including passengers, soldiers, crew and 250 convicts.
Importantly, the wreck event contributed to the naming of the bight Wreck Bay, a name that was to become well earned.
The early days
Built in the United Kingdom at Deptford, Kent in 1820, the Hive was ship rigged with two decks, a square stern and quarter galleries. Mounting a female bust figurehead, the vessel was in length and of .
Sailing from Falmouth, United Kingdom, to Port Jackson on 8 February 1834, the Hive brought out its first cargo of 250 male prisoners.
Suffering extreme conditions and a protracted 123 day voyage, the prison temperature reached an alarming . Surgeon George Fairfowl, with a humanitarian gesture, allowed sixty prisoners to sleep on deck, changing shifts every four hours.
Picking up convicts at Dublin then Cork in Ireland, the Hive departed on 24 August 1835 on the second and fateful voyage. The Hive made the passage with the death of only one prisoner. However, when turning up the east coast of Australia, events took a dramatic turn for the worse. Having not touched land the entire voyage, the transport crawled up the coast towards final disembarkation at Sydney Town. The Hive sailed on during the night of 10 December 1835, but soon found itself driven ashore a total wreck at Wreck Bay.
On board was Captain John Nutting in command of 250 Irish male prisoners, Chief Officer Edward Kenny, Ensign Kelly of the 17th Regiment, Surgeon Superintendent John Donohoe Esq, RN, Lieutenant Lugard of the 31st Regiment, Henry Lugard, Royal Engineers and 29 rank and file soldiers of the 28th Regiment. In addition, there were eight women and eleven children.
About midday on the 10 December, the Hive had sighted land in the vicinity of Montague Island. The chief officer, Edward Kenny thought the vessel to be only off the coast. Informing the captain, his concern was not shared and Captain Nutting continued a course bringing the vessel closer to shore. Kenny attempted to have the course altered again, but to no avail.
Captain Nutting advised him to mind his own business and that one person is sufficient to navigate the ship! Cautious of danger, Kenny decided not to sleep after the change of the night watch.
The Hive continued under full sail following the captain's instructions. At about 9.30pm, Kenny again tried to convince third mate Thomas Morgan, then on watch, to reduce sail. Not wishing, or daring, to disobey his captain, the vessel plied on into the dark and cloudy night.
Two lookouts were stationed in the forecastle and one on the lee gangway watching for any sight of land. Some time before 10pm a prisoner reported to Ensign Kelly that he had seen land on the starboard bow. Morgan and the other Officer of the Watch assured Kelly that it was cloud that could be seen as they had been observing it rising for some time. At 10pm Morgan came below decks to break some fearful news to Chief Officer Kenny that there was something white on the port bow that looked like breakers! Kenny rushed on deck and ordered the wheel to be turned hard-a-port. On these vessels this action was designed to turn the vessel to starboard. It was too late for manoeuvring however and the Hive began running through the sand on a gently shelving beach. Luckily for those on board, the vessel did not strike any rocks and there was no violent impact. Ensign Kelly, with unfailing dedication, proceeded by land to gain help, carrying a letter about the wreck from Surgeon Donohoe. With the aid of Aboriginal people from the Wreck Bay area, he found the farm of John Lamb on Friday morning, then proceeded to the farm of Alexander Berry in the Shoalhaven. A message was dispatched to Wollongong and from there to Port Jackson. The wreck was the means of producing much excitement in Sydney and great numbers of the town's people were observed flooding to the Dock Yard and other places where information might be obtained relative to the accident.
The shipwreck victims on Bherwerre Beach were not altogether isolated. In addition to help from Sydney, the Aboriginal community also provided a communication link between Surgeon Donohoe and Alexander Berry.
Alexander Berry, at his own expense, sent his well manned schooner Edward to the scene of the disaster. In a letter to authorities in Sydney, Berry believed that the Hive might again be got afloat if under the direction of an Able commander. Nutting however refused all aid until permission arrived from Sydney. By Sunday, the Government revenue cutter Prince George was dispatched to the wreck with the brig-of-war HMS Zebra under command of Captain McRae and the steam packet Tamar with a detachment of the 17th Regiment.
On 15 December, the Bower anchor was carried out into of water. Another anchor was carried out on 17 December but a southerly arrived that evening and both anchors "came home". By 20 December Captain Nutting considered any further attempts to keep the ship intact were hopeless.
The Tamar returned to Sydney on 16 December with the Hive's surgeon, Donohoe, Lt. Lugard, part of the guard and 106 convicts. HMS Zebra returned with the specie, the mails, stores, 94 prisoners and ten soldiers from the 28th Regiment, before returning to the wreck to pick up the remainder.
The schooner Edward brought up part of the crew and some of the Hive's stores. By this time, Hive was reported to be lying on the beach with its keel broken and water flowing over the orlop deck. The ship Hive remained virtually intact in the surf zone, although all knew it would break apart in the first big storm. The former Government schooner Blackbird had returned from New Zealand on 4 January with a cargo of timber, potatoes and yams. Having discharged its cargo the schooner was then engaged to salvage the vessel's stores left onshore, departing Sydney on 11 January 1836. The Blackbird, a colonial vessel of , was built in 1828 at the Government dockyard at Moreton Bay.
A serious accident befell the small vessel while engaged on the first day of salvage work on 15 January. Having anchored out into the bay, the vessel's "whaleboats" were used to ferry the bulk of the salvaged goods in twenty-two trips. Returning to the laden schooner at nightfall, a sudden gale greeted the crew about 9pm. Unable to stop the anchor dragging, the crew attempted to hoist sail and get the Blackbird underway. Time was running out and anchors were dropped as the vessel drew nearer the beach. Securing the schooner for half an hour, the first anchor cable parted, then the other, together with the windlass.
With howling winds, rain and lightning, the little vessel was thrown towards the broken water on the beach. Salvaged cargo was jettisoned to lighten the load. A decision was made to raise all sail and run the vessel onto the beach. Striking the sand several times, at 2.30am on the morning of the 16 January, the Blackbird was carried high onto the beach and out of danger.
Description
The shipwreck remains were detected by the Heritage Branch in 1994 lying below sand in approximately water depth, mid way along Bherwerre Beach, under the surf zone. Consisting of buried timbers, analysed as British Oak, the wreck lies beneath the surf zone approximately out from shore. Covering in area, the remains have high archaeological potential (below). Probe soundings indicate that a portion of the lower hull and perhaps deck levels may survive with the potential that the site has maintained a high level of integrity. The associated remains of the survivors camp site on Bherwerre Beach includes fragments of bottled glass, ceramics and coke which may have derived from the ships stoves and or heaters. This site also retains high archaeological potential with potential to document items related to cargo, convicts and crew, together with contact with local Aboriginal peoples of the region.
Condition
As at 26 September 1997, the site has the potential to document convict vessel construction, fitting out and victualling during the important phase of later convict transportation to NSW. The Hive is one of three convict vessels wrecked in Australian waters carrying convicts.
At this stage, it appears that substantial remains of the lower ship have survived in the surf zone but only a scatter of debris have survived beneath the beach sand. The survivors camp, while heavily disturbed by later grazing and souveniring, retains personal and sundry items, along with evidence of stores recovered from the ship.
Modifications and dates
Fitted out for convict transportation in 1834 and 1835.
Further information
The Hive wreck site is unique in NSW as a vessel lost during the important later phase of convict transportation to NSW. The circumstances leading to the loss, the wrecking, rescue of survivors and salvage documents a colourful period in Australian history and represents a site type extremely rare in Australian waters.
Heritage listing
As at 22 September 2009, The Hive is significant in representing the period of convict transportation to Australia and the interaction between the survivors of shipwreck and Aborigines. The ship, its cargo, crew, military personnel and convicts were part of the later period of highly organised convict transportation. The hull could provide important information about the construction and fitting out of one of Her Majesty's prison ships. Artefacts associated with the hull might provide important insights into the cargo and items related to crew, soldiers and convicts on board. The Hive represents one of only three convict ships wrecked in Australian waters while transporting their human cargo.
Hive Shipwreck was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 1 April 2010 having satisfied the following criteria.
The place is important in demonstrating the course, or pattern, of cultural or natural history in New South Wales.
The wreck of the convict transport Hive and the associated survivor camp are significant through their association with, and are representative of, the later period of convict transportation to Australia. The loss of Hive appears to have aroused interest in the colony at Sydney, and influenced the subsequent naming of Wreck Bay. Events surrounding the loss illustrate important aspects of the quality of leadership associated with convict transportation and of the participation of notable NSW colonial figures, such as Alexander Berry, in the rescue operations.
The place has a strong or special association with a person, or group of persons, of importance of cultural or natural history of New South Wales's history.
The Hive shipwreck and survivor camp are significant because they represent positive contact and beneficial interaction between colonial figures in NSW and the local Aboriginal community. The events surrounding the loss of the Hive demonstrate some of the best examples available of the successful employment of the official European Policy on contact with the Aboriginal populations, that of least-conflict, constructive engagement and mutual respect. Wreck Bay Aboriginal Community members and other Kooris are proud to have been actively involved in the development of the shared cultural heritage resulting from the Hive shipwreck and survivor camp, and it has special significance to them. The local Aboriginal community developed strong associations and friendships with the early settlers and actively assisted with the rescue of people from the Hive through the provision of guides with expert knowledge of the local area.
The place is important in demonstrating aesthetic characteristics and/or a high degree of creative or technical achievement in New South Wales.
As a prison-ship, Hive demonstrates a high degree of technical innovation and design modernisation, and is therefore of State significance. The extant remains exhibit a "new" design of prison implemented in 1817 and abandoned shortly after. Hive is unique in that it is thought to be the only known convict ship wrecked on the mainland whilst carrying convicts and is the only example of this type and style of colonial prison-ship technology. The only two other convict transport losses were wrecked in Tasmania, and both of these were constructed of the previous traditional (reinstated) design. Neither of the Tasmanian vessels are intact enough to provide any real information regarding their construction and fit-out.
The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group in New South Wales for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.
The shipwreck Hive has state level of social significance as demonstrated by the close connection between the Wreck Bay Aboriginal community and the Hive wreck event. The long-held and strong association with the cultural aspects of the Hive is evidenced by the importance that the Wreck Bay Aboriginal Community places on both the shipwreck and survivor camp on an ongoing basis. The Hive shipwreck features heavily in their stories, and is part of that Community's living history. This has been demonstrated through our discussions and meetings with the community and its leaders. This connection with the Wreck Bay Community is further recognised by the people of NSW generally, and the maritime archaeology/ history community specifically, as evidenced by the considerable interest in the discovery and management of the shipwreck from both electronic and print media within NSW and interstate.
The place has potential to yield information that will contribute to an understanding of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales.
The Hive shipwreck and survivor camp demonstrate a high research potential because of high survival rate of in situ extant remains as a result of nature, location and environment of the site. As the buried hull is thought to be relatively intact, this State significant site has the unique potential to reveal much information about the prison-ship technology and construction techniques of the period. Timber and metallurgical analysis of the remains will further enhance our knowledge of the choice of methods and materials employed in construction, and may potentially help to determine whether the Navy Board reverted to the previous design as a result of shipbuilding tradition, cost implications, material resources and /or labour shortages or for other reasons. The Hive shipwreck and survivor camp sites are identified to be of State significance in terms of their potential to inform our understanding of shipboard/survivor life, gender roles, and shipboard practices of the period. Wider archaeological and palaeoenvironmental evidence will assist research on site formation and decay processes and the examination of physical, chemical and biological processes on cultural remains or through its potential for public education.
The place possesses uncommon, rare or endangered aspects of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales.
The Hive demonstrates a high degree of rarity and State significance as the wreck is one of only three convict transports wrecked in Australian waters whilst carrying convicts, and the only convict transport wrecked on the Australian mainland to have been located. Rarity is increased as the Hive is also the only convict shipwreck in Australia to have an associated survivor camp, the only one with potential do demonstrate the "new" prison design implemented in 1817 and relinquished shortly after. Hive is possibly the most intact of all three Australian convict transport wreck sites, and the only one located in NSW.
The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a class of cultural or natural places/environments in New South Wales.
The Hive has a high level of State significance as it is highly representative of colonial British ships and shipping of the period, and highly representative of the later period of convict transportation (1830-1840) to Australia. During this ten-year period, the total number of convicts transported was greater than the combined number from any other period. The Hive is the only surviving relatively intact example of a purpose-built prison-ship from the early 1800s (the New Zealand migrant vessel Edwin Fox 1853 being a converted Moulmein trader), and is therefore important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of this style and class of vessel, and the important socio-economic and political situation it represents.
See also
List of shipwrecks of Australia
Wreck Bay Village, Jervis Bay Territory
References
Bibliography
Attribution
New South Wales State Heritage Register
Shipwrecks of the Shoalhaven Region
Convictism in New South Wales
Articles incorporating text from the New South Wales State Heritage Register
Convict ships to New South Wales
1835 in Australia
Maritime incidents in December 1835 |
Glenn Weiner (born April 27, 1976) is a former professional tennis player from the United States.
Career
Weiner won his first match on the ATP Tour in 1997, at the Infiniti Open, where he defeated Bob Bryan. Despite being ranked 280th in the world coming into the tournament, Weiner came close to beating the previous year's Wimbledon winner, Richard Krajicek, in the second round. He had four match points, but was unable to convert any of them and lost in a third set tie break. Just weeks later, Weiner upset world number 36 Thomas Johansson at Indianapolis.
In 2001 he was runner-up in the doubles at Newport, with André Sá. He also made the quarterfinals of the Heineken Open singles that year.
He defeated countryman Jeff Salzenstein in the 2004 Australian Open, the only time he reached the second round of a Grand Slam singles draw. He did however twice make the second round in the Wimbledon Men's Doubles.
ATP career finals
Doubles: 1 (0–1)
Challenger titles
Doubles: (11)
References
1976 births
Living people
American male tennis players
South African emigrants to the United States
Tennis players from Johannesburg
Tennis players from Long Beach, California |
The BMT Nassau Street Line is a rapid transit line of the B Division of the New York City Subway system in Manhattan. At its northern end, the line is a westward continuation of the BMT Jamaica Line in Brooklyn after the Jamaica Line crosses the Williamsburg Bridge into Manhattan. The Nassau Street Line continues south to a junction with the BMT Broadway Line just before the Montague Street Tunnel, after which the line reenters Brooklyn. Although the tracks merge into the Broadway Line south of Broad Street, there has been no regular service south of the Broad Street station since June 25, 2010. While the line is officially recognized as the Nassau Street Line, it only serves one station on Nassau Street: Fulton Street.
The line is served at all times by the J train. The Z provides supplemental rush hour service, operating in the peak direction. The M service has historically served the Nassau Street Line, but since 2010, the M has been rerouted via the Chrystie Street Connection to run on the IND Sixth Avenue Line, as a replacement for the V, which was discontinued due to financial shortfalls. The M continues to serve one Nassau Street Line station: the Essex Street station.
Service
The following services use part or all of the BMT Nassau Street Line. The trunk line's bullets are colored :
History
Planning, construction, and first section
After the original lines of the Interborough Rapid Transit Company (IRT) opened, the city began planning new lines. Two of these were extensions of that system, to Downtown Brooklyn and Van Cortlandt Park, but the other two – the Centre Street Loop subway (or Brooklyn Loop subway) and Fourth Avenue subway (in Brooklyn) – were separate lines for which construction had not progressed as far. The Centre Street Loop, approved on January 25, 1907 as a four-track line (earlier proposed as two tracks), was to connect the Brooklyn Bridge, Manhattan Bridge, and Williamsburg Bridge via Centre Street, Canal Street, and Delancey Street. An extension south from the Brooklyn Bridge under William Street to Wall Street was also part of the plan, as were several loops towards the Hudson River and a loop connecting the bridges through Brooklyn. Trains coming from Brooklyn via the Manhattan and Williamsburg Bridges would be able to head back to that borough via the Brooklyn Bridge as well as the Montague Street Tunnel at the south end of the Centre Street Loop, and vice versa. All trains would pass through a large central station with four tracks and five platforms at Chambers Street, just north of the Brooklyn Bridge.
Construction contracts for the main line in Manhattan were awarded in early 1907, though the city had not yet selected an operator for the line. The work was divided into five sections: two under Centre Street and three under other streets or buildings. The city began receiving bids for the sections under Centre Street in March 1907. The city received bids for the sections between Centre Street and Bowery (under Kenmare Street), between Bowery and Norfolk Street (under Delancey Street), and between Pearl Street and Park Row (under the Manhattan Municipal Building) that June. The line was assigned to a proposed Tri-borough system in early 1908 and to the Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company (BRT) in the Dual Contracts, adopted on March 4, 1913. Unlike previous subway contracts that the city government had issued, the BRT was responsible only for constructing the Centre Street Loop and installing equipment, not for operating the loop. As a result, although the loop was almost completed by late 1908, there was no operator for the route at the time. Furthermore, the BRT did not originally want to operate the loop.
The BRT began operating through a short piece of subway, coming off the Williamsburg Bridge under Delancey Street to Essex Street, on September 16, 1908. The BRT tunnel under Centre Street was completed by 1910, except for the section under the Municipal Building, which contained the incomplete Chambers Street station. The tunnel remained unused for several years. In March 1913, the Public Service Commission authorized the BRT to lay tracks, install signals, and operate the loop. The Centre Street Loop was opened to Chambers Street on August 4, 1913, with temporary operation at first on the two west tracks. The south tracks on the Manhattan Bridge, also running into Chambers Street, were placed in service on June 22, 1915.
Second section
Construction
Under Contract 4 of the Dual Contracts, the BRT (later reorganized as the Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation or BMT) was to operate the Nassau Street Line. The southern portion of the line remained incomplete for several years, and the BRT brought a $30 million suit against the city for not building the line before January 1, 1917. Most of the BMT's Dual Contracts lines were completed by 1924, except for the Nassau Street Line. BMT chairman Gerhard Dahl was persistent at requesting that the city build the line, saying in 1923 that the BMT was willing to operate the line as soon as the city completed it. At the time, the BMT was planning to construct two stations on the Nassau Street Line: one at Fulton Street, where the BMT planned to place the northbound platform above the southbound platform due to the street's narrowness, and the other at the intersection at Broad and Wall Streets, where both platforms would be on the same level. However, mayor John Hylan refused to act during his final two years in office. BOT chairman John H. Delaney believed that the line was unnecessary because both of its planned stations would be extremely close to existing subway stations. Meanwhile, the BMT claimed that the city's failure to complete the line was overburdening other BMT lines. By January 1925, the BMT was asking its passengers to pressure Hylan into approving the remainder of the Nassau Street Line. Work did not commence until after James Walker succeeded Hylan as mayor at the end of 1925.
The city government agreed to build the Nassau Street Line in May 1927, after the BMT sued the city for $30 million. At the time, the city wanted to take over the BMT's lines but could not do so until all Dual Contracts lines were completed. The BOT received bids for the construction of the line that July, but it rejected every bid the next month because of concerns over the lowest bidder's ability to complete the work. That September, contractors again submitted bids to the BOT; some bidders offered to build the entire line, while others only offered to construct the segments of the line to the north or south of Liberty Street. The BOT awarded construction contracts for the line's construction two months later. The Marcus Contracting Company was hired to build the portion north of Liberty Street, including the Fulton Street station, for $4.7 million, while Moranti and Raymond were hired to build the portion to the south for $5.7 million. The New York City Board of Estimate approved the contracts in January 1928, allowing the builders to construct the line using the cut-and-cover method, despite merchants' requests that the line be constructed using tunneling shields.
The line was constructed below the active IRT Lexington Avenue Line, next to buildings along the narrow Nassau Street, and the project encountered difficulties such as quicksand. When the construction contracts were awarded, work had been projected to be completed in 39 months. By early 1929, sixty percent of the work had been finished. Nassau Street is only wide, and the subway floor was only below building foundations. As a result, 89 buildings had to be underpinned to ensure that they would stay on their foundations. Construction had to be done 20 feet below the active IRT Lexington Avenue Line. An area filled with quicksand with water, which used to belong to a spring, was found between John Street and Broad Street. Construction was done at night so as to not disturb workers in the Financial District. The project was 80 percent complete by April 1930, and Charles Meads & Co. was awarded a $252,000 contract to install the Fulton Street station's finishes the next month. The plans for that station had been changed so that the southbound platform was above the northbound platform. The total construction cost was $10.072 million for of new tunnels, or , which was three times the normal cost of construction at the time.
Opening of loop
The Nassau Street Loop opened at 3 p.m. on May 29, 1931, when Mayor Jimmy Walker took the controls of a train of D-type Triplex cars from Chambers Street to Broad Street. This completed what was known as the Nassau Street Loop. The loop ran from the line's previous terminus at Chambers Street, running through the Fulton Street and Broad Street stations before merging with the Montague Street Tunnel to Brooklyn. The completion of the line relieved congestion on several BMT lines to southern Brooklyn, which previously had to operate to Midtown Manhattan using the Broadway Line. In particular, the loop's opening enabled subway trains to use the Culver Line; previously, that line had used elevated trains that only ran as far as Ninth Avenue, where transfers were made to West End subway trains. The new line provided an additional ten percent capacity compared with existing service through DeKalb Avenue. Service on the Jamaica Line was extended to operate to this station. The station at Wall Street was named "Broad Street" to distinguish it from the already-open Wall Street stations on the Lexington Avenue Line and Seventh Avenue Line.
Plans for the Chambers Street area changed several times during construction, always including a never-completed connection to the Brooklyn Bridge tracks. By 1910, only the west two tracks were to rise onto the bridge, and the east two were to continue south to the Montague Street Tunnel. As actually built for the 1931 opening south of Chambers Street, the two outer tracks ran south to the tunnel, while the two inner tracks continued several blocks in a lower level stub tunnel to allow trains to reverse direction.
Service changes and modifications
A major change to the Nassau Street Line occurred on November 27, 1967, when the extensive Chrystie Street reroutes resulted in the discontinuation of service over the south tracks of the Manhattan Bridge into Chambers Street, as those tracks were now directly connected to the upper level (Broadway) Canal Street station. This ended all "loop" service, which had most recently seen rush hour "specials" on both the Brighton and 4th Avenue lines operating via both the Manhattan Bridge and Montague Street tunnel in single directions.
As part of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority's 2000–2004 Capital Program, the reconfiguration of the Nassau Street Line between Canal Street and Essex Street took place. As part of the plan, northbound trains were rerouted via the second track from the west, and the former northbound platforms at Canal Street and Bowery were closed. The second track from the east was removed. Work on the project started in 2001. This change took effect on September 20, 2004. The reconfiguration provided additional operational flexibility by providing a third through track (previously the center two tracks stub-ended at Canal Street), which was equipped with reverse signaling. The consolidation of the Bowery and Canal Street stations was intended to enhance customer security while consolidating passengers onto what used to be the southbound platforms. The project was completed in May 2005, seven months behind its scheduled completion. The project cost $36 million.
On June 14, 2015, weekend J service was extended back to Broad Street; this was proposed in July 2014 to improve weekend service between Lower Manhattan and Brooklyn. Between 1990 and 2015, when weekend service terminated at Canal, between September 30, 1990 and January 1994, or Chambers Streets, from January 1994 to June 2015, Broad Street and the J/Z platforms at Fulton Street were two of the four New York City Subway stations that lacked full-time service (the remaining two being the platforms for the IRT 42nd Street Shuttle).
Station listing
References
External links
nycsubway.org – BMT Nassau Street-Jamaica Line
Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation
New York City Subway lines
Railway lines opened in 1908
1908 establishments in New York City |
The Summer Work Travel Program is a program founded and maintained by the United States Department of State, which determines the number of students that have a right to take part each year. The program works with private companies that register students into the program and help to provide information and get the necessary documents, including the J-1 visa. Some agencies also help program participants to plan their journey to their future place of work, giving the possibility of purchasing international airline tickets on students tariffs.
Program details
The Summer Work Travel Program is intended for students who wish to familiarize themselves with the culture of the United States and to work during their summer vacation. Terms of the program, work placement, conditions, and payment are arranged in advance of the trip. Upon completion, students are free to travel throughout the United States.
State Department conducts the necessary supervision and co-ordination of the program and determines the possible number of program participants annually.
Sponsors are US organizations approved by State Department to manage the Summer Work and Travel Program.
Overseas agencies recruit organizations that work closely with Sponsors to select the right students for the program.
Employer is a US company that offers jobs to the international students.
Participant to Summer Work and Travel Program is an International Student that comes to the United States for cultural exchange, work and travel period of 4 months.
The program uses SEVIS, a United States Government computerized system that collects and manages data about all international students and exchange visitors during their stays. SEVIS tells the U.S. government where students live, work, and their legal status during your program. Generic distribution information of program participants is publicly available on the J-1 visa website.
The program window varies by country to account for local differences in summer vacation duration and dates. Participants in the southern hemisphere participate during the winter in the United States.
Requirements
Summer Work and Travel students must be:
Sufficiently proficient in English to successfully interact in an English speaking environment
Post-secondary school students enrolled in and actively pursuing a degree or other full-time course of study at an accredited classroom based, post-secondary educational institution outside the United States
Have successfully completed at least one semester or equivalent of post-secondary academic study
Pre-placed in a job prior to entry unless from a visa waiver country
References
Student exchange |
The Burn Naze was a public house in the English conurbation of Thornton-Cleveleys, Lancashire. Built in 1910, when it replaced the former Burn Naze Inn, it was one of the oldest pubs in the area by the time of its closure in 2019, and was listed as a community asset in 2021. It was demolished in 2022.
Its name is possibly derived from when the area was known as "Burn" during the time of William the Conqueror. Torentum, today's Thornton, was "estimated to contain six carucates of land fit for the plough, but this computation was exclusive of Rossall and Burn, which were valued at two carucates respectively". "Naze", meanwhile, is "a flat marshy headland". A Burn Naze is mentioned in 1837 by William Thornber, who was on his way to the nearby River Wyre. A 15th-century building known as Burn Hall also existed in the area, with an earlier structure documented back to at least 1345.
The pub closed in 2019, having seen its trade decline significantly since the nearby ICI closed in 1992. It was purchased in November 2020 by Manchester-based housing firm Mangrove Estates, which had plans to build a block of 24 apartments at the location. Wyre Borough Council received a planning application to knock down the pub, but the application was rejected after local community group Save the Burn Naze Pub campaigned against the demolition. The developer appealed successfully and resubmitted its plans. The demolition plans were given the green light in October 2021. Demolition started in February 2022.
See also
Burn Naze Halt railway station
References
External links
Burn Naze – Trust Inns
"Burn Naze Pub - April 2021 - Thornton (past Blackpool)" – Blackpool Fylde & Wyre - History Mystery Heritage!, YouTube, 19 November 2021
Pubs in Lancashire
Buildings and structures in the Borough of Wyre
1910 establishments in England
2022 disestablishments in England
Former pubs in England
Buildings and structures demolished in 2022
Demolished buildings and structures in England |
Lardero is a village in the province and autonomous community of La Rioja, Spain. The municipality covers an area of and as of 2011 had a population of 8438 people.
References
Populated places in La Rioja (Spain) |
Ratna Ani Lestari (born 6 December 1965) is an Indonesian former politician who was the regent of Banyuwangi Regency. Serving between 2005 and 2010, she was the first female and first directly elected leader of the regency. Following the end of her term and failure to run for reelection, she was arrested and convicted of corruption, with her prison sentence expiring in March 2018.
Born in Banten, she grew up in East Java and went to university in Bali, where she married I Gede Winasa and began her political career. Following her victory in the 2005 election, her five-year tenure at Banyuwangi generated significant controversy, with multiple large-scale protests and the regency's municipal council making several attempts to remove her from office, and her being designated as a graft suspect during it. Eventually, she failed to run for reelection, and was convicted to five, later nine, years in prison.
Background
Ratna was born on 6 December 1965 in Banten, then part of West Java, although she largely grew up in East Java. She attended elementary school in Kediri, middle school in Banyuwangi, and high school in Bondowoso, before moving to Denpasar to study economics at the University of National Education. She later graduated with a masters in management from Udayana University and with a doctorate in public administration from Brawijaya University.
Family and personal life
Ratna's father was a contractor from Bondowoso, and her mother from Banyuwangi. She was the middle children of three.
She was married to I Gede Winasa, who was formerly a two-term regent of Jembrana – which was located across the Bali Strait from Banyuwangi – in 1988, although she divorced him in 2013. The couple had a single daughter. Dutch researcher Henk Schulte Nordholt remarked that they were "the first married couple to run two adjacent districts". Both were also eventually convicted of corruption in separate cases.
Ratna has been described as an abangan Muslim, having never attended pesantren nor participated in Nahdlatul Ulama organizations in her youth despite living in regencies known for strong NU presence, in addition to marrying Gede Winasa who was a Balinese Hindu.
Career
Early politics and election
In the 2004 legislative election, Ratna won a seat in Jembrana Regency's municipal council representing PDI-P.
A year later, in 2005, partly with support from her husband, she ran as the regent of Banyuwangi in the regency's first direct election. Initially attempting to run with PDI-P, she failed to secure support in the party's January 2005 convention despite support from grassroots members, but ran anyway with the support of 18 political parties (including the Prosperous Justice Party and the National Mandate Party, although the former later withdrew) unrepresented in the municipal council. Running with M Yusuf Nuris (also known as Gus Yus), who was well-connected to local kyai, she secured the support of some PDI-P cadres and supporters of incumbent Samsul Hadi (who failed to run in the election). Her appeal during campaigning was described as "feminine" and "clean", and she conducted grassroots campaigning by meeting street vendors and visiting traditional markets. In addition, Ratna also promoted free education and healthcare programs, as her husband applied in Jembrana.
Eventually, she managed to win 311,653 votes (39.32%) in the five-candidate race, winning in 21 of the 24 subdistricts.
Throughout her campaigning period, Ratna had faced resistance from Muslim ulema leaders, as she had been accused of changing her religion from Hinduism to Islam in order to win the election. She was also accused of blasphemy against Islam by omitting a verse from Sūrah Yā-Sīn she distributed during the campaigning. Her appointment saw significant protests from the aforementioned groups, with the municipal council initially refusing to swear Ratna into office.
She was eventually sworn into office by East Java governor Imam Utomo on 20 October 2005, making her both the first directly elected and first female regent for Banyuwangi. Unlike typical regents, however, she was not sworn in at the municipal council building.
As regent
During her tenure, she faced constant protests and opposition from the municipal council which repeatedly tried to remove her from office or disrupt her. For instance, in May 2006 around 12,000 rallied against her free education program (which made education in public schools free but not madrasa) and occupied the municipal government office, and the municipal council released an ultimatum demanding her resignation. She was not in the office during the demonstrations, but returned to work several days later.
Within the five years she was in office, local government revenues more than doubled from Rp 39.5 billion to Rp 87.1 billion. She also approved the extension of a gold mine's permit despite protests from student and environmental groups. In 2007, Ratna decided to oppose a municipal bill which would ban prostitution in the regency, citing that the prostitutes generated major economic activity. She attempted to commercialize the Blimbingsari Airport, but only managed to attract a flight school and not commercial airlines.
Ratna also removed the municipal secretary, resulting in a lawsuit. She also fired several state-employed teachers, resulting in a mass protest by other teachers against her.
She registered to run for reelection in 2010, picking Pebdy Arisdiawan, head of Golkar's Banyuwangi branch, as running mate. However, the provincial branch of the party supported Abdullah Azwar Anas instead, and removed Pebdy from his post, resulting in the party's support for her being invalid and cancelling her bid for the election. Ratna then sent a letter to governor Soekarwo, requesting a delay in the election proceedings, but her request was rejected.
Her tenure ended on 20 October 2010, with her stating that she wished to work as a lecturer afterwards.
Arrest and prison
In 2008, Ratna and previous regent Samsul Hadi was designated as suspects of graft during the construction of Blimbingsari Airport, particularly during its land relinquishment between 2005 and 2007.
Ratna was found guilty by the Surabaya District Court on 11 February 2013, which initially sentenced her to 5 years in prison before the sentence was changed to 6 years in May 2013. She appealed to the Supreme Court of Indonesia, but her sentence was instead lifted to 9 years in a decision made on 30 December 2014. She was found to have caused the state a loss of Rp 19.7 billion.
Her sentence – which was reduced by clemency – ended in March 2018.
References
1965 births
Living people
Women regents of places in Indonesia
Regents of places in East Java
People from Banyuwangi Regency
Indonesian politicians convicted of corruption
Members of Regency Regional Houses of Representatives in Indonesia |
Dominion Academy of Dayton is a college preparatory school for grades K-12 providing a classical education based on the Bible, reason, and Tradition. It was founded in 1998 by Fr. Wayne and Sandy McNamara as a ministry of Christ the King Anglican Church. It offers a classical philosophy of education combined with small class sizes, a collegiate-model schedule and opportunities for academic mentoring and intervention. As of 2016, Dominion Academy is a non-public charter school receiving EdChoice vouchers
The school is characterized by a robust liberal arts core. For example, to graduate, students must take Rhetoric and must act in a Shakespeare comedy. AP and Honors classes are offered. Classes such as Engineering and Robotics are available for STEM oriented students. For high schoolers, the school organizes a Senior Ball each spring; students take ballroom dancing classes in order to prepare. The high school also has a chapter of the National Honor Society as well as Student Government. The school partners with Education First (EF) Tours to offer bi-annual overseas tours.
In 2014, the school introduced the Cathedral School for K through 8th graders. The program is completely flexible – allowing families to select various scheduling options for their student, whether the minimum of one class or a full-time, five-day schedule. The components of the school are named after architectural elements in a cathedral: portals, vaults, buttresses, and the spire.
In 2014, 4 out of 7 DA graduates received full rides to college. Therefore, in the last 3 years, 20 out of 35 graduates have received full rides.
References
High schools in Dayton, Ohio
Private high schools in Ohio
Private middle schools in Ohio
Private elementary schools in Ohio |
Edward Nicholas "Ned" Kendall, R.N. (October 1800 – 12 February 1845) was an English hydrographer, an officer in the Royal Navy, and polar explorer. During one of his Arctic expeditions, Kendall became the first known European to sight Wollaston Land.
Early years
He was born in 1800, probably in England. His father was the naval captain Edward Kendall. The family were natives of Cornwall, descending from the Kendalls of Pelyn, near Lostwithiel, who for many generations past had been active in the politics of Cornwall and England. It has been remarked of this family, that they have perhaps sent more members to the House of Lords than any other in the United Kingdom. His mother was Mary Champion Hicks (born ca. 1775). Mary's father was Admiral Thomas Hicks, of Maisonette, Stoke Gabriel, Devon.
Kendall had three younger siblings: William Kendall, Mary Kendall, and Amelia Kendall.
After receiving his education at the Royal Naval College in Portsmouth, he entered the Royal Navy in 1814.
Career
Kendall's career began as a midshipman on board . While serving on that wrecked in 1819 on the Isle of Sal, Cape Verde, he sustained injuries. He served on other ships, usually as a surveyor, including the trigonometrical survey in Orkney, Shetland, the coast of Ireland, and in the North Sea. In 1824, he volunteered his services for William Edward Parry's third expedition to find the Northwest Passage, serving as assistant surveyor under George Francis Lyon aboard . From 1825 to 1827, Kendall served on the Mackenzie River expedition, this time with John Franklin, exploring the Mackenzie River Delta as an assistant surveyor under the naturalist John Richardson. During this expedition, he became the first known European to sight Wollaston Land (actually a peninsula), and travelled from Fort Franklin to York Factory. In 1827, he was commissioned lieutenant.
The following year, at the recommendation of the Royal Geographical Society, Kendall travelled aboard during its scientific voyage, assisting in pendulum experiments, and other research including the South Shetland Islands region of the Antarctic where again he conducted surveys. In 1830, he transferred to to survey the West Africa coast, returning to England later that year. It was then that he became employed by the Secretary of State for War and the Colonies for the Colonial Office in a secret and confidential survey of the boundary line of the British and American states, in New Brunswick. After conducting other surveys in New Brunswick, he worked on compiling a map of it in 1831. Though there were requests for promotion thereafter, Kendall remained a lieutenant.
Approximately two years later, Kendall became involved in the New Brunswick and Nova Scotia Land Company, becoming its commissioner at Fredericton. He returned to Britain by 1838. During his later years, he served first as superintendent of the West India Mail Steam Navigation Company, and second as superintendent of the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Packet Company in Southampton.
Personal life
He had four children by prior issue: Edward Kay Kendall, Franklin Richardson Kendall, Robert Sinclair Kendall, and Mary Anne Kendall. His descendants include the Canadian rock musician and composer Simon Kendall and Canadian basketball player Levon Kendall.
In 1832, he married Franklin's niece. Mary Anne Kay was the daughter of Joseph Kay, a London architect. Her mother was Sarah Henrietta Porden, sister of Eleanor Anne Porden, Franklin's first wife.
Kendall died in 1845 in Southampton, England, and was buried at Carisbrooke on the Isle of Wight.
His papers are in the archives of the Royal Geographical Society in London.
Legacy
Kendall Island in the Mackenzie Delta, and Cape Kendall in view of the Coppermine River, were named in honour of Kendall by Franklin. Kendall Rocks, the southwest group of rocks in the Palmer Archipelago, are also named after Kendall.
Partial works
(1842). Remarks on steam communication between England and Australasia: As combined with a system of weekly communication between the colonies of Australasia.
See also
Robert Hood (explorer)
George Back
References
1800 births
1845 deaths
British polar explorers
Explorers from Cornwall
English hydrographers
Royal Navy officers
English surveyors |
State Route 70 (SR 70) is a state highway that travels southwest-to-northeast through portions of Coweta and Fulton counties in the north-central part of the U.S. state of Georgia. The highway connects Newnan with the west-central part of Atlanta.
Route description
Coweta County
SR 70 begins at an intersection with US 29/SR 14 in the northwestern part of Newnan in the central part of Coweta County. At this intersection, the roadway continues as Sprayberry Road. SR 70 travels to the west and immediately curves to the northwest. It leaves Newnan and intersects SR 34 Byp. (Millard Farmer Industrial Boulevard). It curves to the north-northwest and then to a due-north direction. The highway crosses over Wahoo Creek and curves back to the north-northwest. It crosses over Little Wahoo Creek and then curves to the north-northeast. It curves back to the north-northwest and crosses over Cedar Creek. The highway then curves back to the north-northeast before entering the unincorporated community of Roscoe. There, it curves to the east-southeast and then back to the north-northeast. Then, it enters the southwestern part of Fulton County.
Southwestern Fulton County
SR 70 crosses over White Oak Creek before intersecting South Fulton Parkway. Here, SR 70 turns right and travels to the southeast. It crosses over White Oak Creek again before it makes a gradual curve to the east-northeast. Then, it crosses over Moss Creek. After curving to the east-southeast, it crosses over Cedar Branch. Then, it begins a gradual curve back to the east-northeast. It intersects Cochran Mill Road, which leads to Cochran Mill Nature Center and Cochran Mill Park. The highway crosses over Little Bear Creek and Bear Creek before curving to the northeast. Just after curving back to the east-northeast, it intersects US 29 Alt./SR 14 Alt./SR 154 (Cascade-Palmetto Highway). Here, US 29 Alt./SR 14 Alt. take the route of South Fulton Parkway, and SR 70 turns left onto SR 154. The two highways travel to the north-northeast. They curve to the north-northwest and begin paralleling Pea Creek. After crossing over that creek, they travel just to the west of Horsehead Lake. They then have a roundabout with the eastern terminus of the western segment of Cedar Grove Road and the western terminus of Ridge Road. SR 70 and SR 154 curve back to the north-northeast and begin paralleling Tuggle Creek. After crossing over Town Creek, they curve to the northeast and enter Campbellton. There, they intersect SR 92 (Campbellton-Fairburn Road). SR 70 and SR 154 turn left and follow SR 92 to the northwest. An intersection with Church Street leads to Campbellton Park. They curve to the north-northwest and leave Campbellton before crossing over the Chattahoochee River on the Robert and Ardena Beasley Memorial Bridge. This crossing marks the Douglas County line.
Douglas County
Almost immediately, SR 166 joins the concurrency. The four highways curve to the northeast. They pass Boundary Waters Park. They curve to the north-northwest and pass New Manchester High School. They curve back to the north-northeast and cross over Gilberts Branch. At an intersection with Fairburn Road and the southern terminus of Old Lower River Road, SR 92 turns left onto Fairburn Road west, and SR 70, SR 92, and SR 154 turns right onto Fairburn Road east. The three highways travel to the southeast. They curve to the east-southeast and then cross over the Chattahoochee River again, this time on the Dick Lane Bridge, and re-enter Fulton County, this time in the west-central part of it.
West-central Fulton County
At an intersection with Fulton Industrial Boulevard, SR 70 turns left and travels to the northeast, while SR 154 and SR 166 continue to the east-southeast on Campbellton Road. The highway then curves to the north-northeast. It curves back to the northeast and intersects SR 6. It crosses over Utoy Creek before an interchange with Interstate 20 (I-20; Tom Murphy Freeway). Then, it has an intersection with SR 139. The highway crosses over Sandy Creek and curves to the east-northeast. It then enters Atlanta before meeting its northern terminus, an intersection with US 78/US 278/SR 8 (Donald Lee Hollowell Parkway NW). Here, the roadway continues as Fulton Industrial Boulevard NW.
History
SR 70 used to travel along Fulton Industrial Boulevard between Campbellton Road and Fairburn Road in southwestern Fulton County, However, it was re-routed over the Chattahoochee River into Douglas County, before crossing over the river again back into Fulton County. However, this stretch no longer carries a state route number.
Major intersections
See also
References
External links
Georgia Roads (Routes 61 - 80)
070
Transportation in Coweta County, Georgia
Transportation in Fulton County, Georgia
Transportation in Douglas County, Georgia
Roads in Atlanta |
Ikrandraco ("Ikran [a flying creature from Avatar with a crest on the lower jaw] dragon") is a genus of lonchodraconid pterodactyloid pterosaur known from Lower Cretaceous rocks in northeastern China and the Cambridge Greensand of the UK. It is notable for its unusual skull, which features a crest on the lower jaw.
Discovery and naming
The type species, Ikrandraco avatar is based on specimen IVPP V18199, a partial skeleton including the skull and jaws, several neck vertebrae, a partial sternal plate, parts of both wings, and part of a foot. A second specimen, IVPP 18406, has also been assigned to Ikrandraco; it consists of a skull and jaws and the first three neck vertebrae. Both specimens come from the Aptian-age Lower Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation of Liaoning, with an estimated date of 120 million years ago. The type species is I. avatar, a second reference to the movie Avatar. It was described in 2014 by Wang Xiaolin and colleagues, but was not properly named according to ICZN rules until 2020.
In 1869, British paleontologist Harry Govier Seeley assigned remains he found to a new species of pterosaur called Ptenodactylus machaerorhynchus, at the same time disclaiming the name which makes it invalid by modern standards. In 1870, Seeley had realized that the generic name Ptenodactylus had been preoccupied and renamed the species into Ornithocheirus machaerorhynchus. The specific name means "sabre snout" in Greek. In 1914, Hooley renamed it into Lonchodectes machaerorhynchus. Its holotype, CAMSM B54855, was found near Cambridge, in a layer of the Cambridge Greensand dating from the Cenomanian but containing reworked fossils from the Albian. It consists of the rear end of a symphysis of the lower jaws.
Also in 1869, Seeley informally named "Ptenodactylus microdon". In 1870, he formally named it Ornithocheirus microdon, "small tooth", Hooley (1914) transferred this species to Lonchodectes to form the new combination Lonchodectes microdon. Its holotype, CAMSM B54486, has its provenance in the Cambridge Greensand and consists of the front of a snout. The type specimen of the species Ornithocheirus oweni, CAMSM B 54439, initially described by Seeley in 1864 as Pterodactylus oweni, was synonymized with microdon by Unwin in 2001, and later in 2013, Rodrigues & Kellner agreed with this synonymy.
In 2013, paleontologists Taissa Rodrigues and Alexander Kellner made an extensive review of the species of Ornithocheirus, and stated that the generic name Lonchodectes would have been a nomen dubium, and therefore reassigned both Lonchodectes machaerorhynchus and L. microdon into the genus Lonchodraco, creating Lonchodraco machaerorhynchus and L. microdon.
In his review of Lonchodectidae, Alexander Averianov reassigned Lonchodraco machaerorhynchus to Ikrandraco, and also declared Lonchodraco microdon (including O. oweni) a junior synonym of machaerorhynchus.
Description
Ikrandraco avatar is notable for having a very long, low skull (the height of the back of the skull, at the quadrates, is less than 19% the length of the skull), with a prominent blade-like crest on the underside of the lower jaw and no corresponding crest on the tip of the upper jaw, a crest combination not seen in other pterosaurs to date. The posterior edge of the crest also has a hook-like process. Each side of the upper jaw has at least 21 small cylindrical teeth, and each side of the lower jaw has at least 19. The skull of the type specimen is long, and the skull of the second specimen is at least long.
Rodrigues & Kellner established four autapomorphies of Ikrandraco machaerorhynchus (then Lonchodraco). A deep crest is present at the underside of the lower jaws. To the rear, the profile of this crest turns upwards. Behind this crest a depression is present at the underside of the jaws. The midline groove at the top of the lower jaws symphysis is deep. Furthermore, there is a density of 4.5 teeth per three centimeters of jaw edge.
Classification
Wang et al. performed a phylogenetic analysis including Ikrandraco and found it to be a basal pteranodontoid, more derived than Pteranodon but not as derived as the istiodactylids, anhanguerids, and other pteranodontoids. The portion of their results dealing with Pteranodontoidea is shown below.
The cladogram below is a topology recovered by Pêgas et al. (2019). In the analyses, they recovered Ikrandraco as a member of the family Lonchodraconidae, and the sister taxon of Lonchodraco.
Paleobiology
Wang et al. interpreted the crest as a possible adaptation for skim fishing, although they did not regard this as the animal's main method of foraging. The hook on the crest may have been an attachment point for a throat pouch for storing food, akin to a pelican. Ikrandraco was an approximate contemporary of the distantly related anhanguerians Liaoningopterus gui and Guidraco venator, and all three are regarded as piscivores, but Ikrandraco differed from them in its much smaller and less robust teeth, indicating it had a different niche.
See also
List of pterosaur genera
Timeline of pterosaur research
References
Early Cretaceous pterosaurs of Asia
Pteranodontoids
Fossil taxa described in 2014
Taxa named by Alexander Kellner
Paleontology in Liaoning |
Ernest William Buckmaster (1897–1968) was an Australian artist born in Victoria. He won the Archibald Prize in 1932 with a portrait of Sir William Irvine. He also served as an Australian war artist during World War II.
Life and career
Buckmaster was born in the Melbourne suburb of Hawthorn on 3 July 1897. He was the eldest son of Harry Amos Buckmaster, straw-hat manufacturer, and his wife Letitia Martha née' Chandler. He attended a state primary school at Box Hill where he showed drawing skills at an early age.
Buckmaster was apprenticed to a signwriter in 1913. His poor physique made him unsuitable for service in World War I. His employer, an amateur painter, suggested he undertake art training.
Buckmaster studied at the National Gallery School in Melbourne from 1918 to 1924. There his teachers included Lindsay Bernard Hall and W.B. McInnes. He emerged as an accomplished painter of traditional portraits, still lifes and landscapes with a substantial work-rate and output. Large commissioned oil paintings work took longer. His Archibald prize winning portrait took fourteen sittings with the subject before it was finished.
His first solo exhibition took place at the Athenaeum Gallery in Melbourne in February 1926. His financial position was such that he had to ask the framer to prepare them for hanging on credit. The paintings sold well, with one bought by the director of the National Gallery of Victoria for its collection.
His work is popular in Australia and New Zealand where public art galleries and private collectors hold examples of his paintings. Buckmaster disliked modern art, criticising it in his book and in letters to newspapers. A member of the Victorian Artists Society, he sold nineteen paintings exhibited with them between 1919 and 1924. He continued to be associated with the V.A.S. as a councillor (1929–30) and exhibitor (till 1943). In 1930 he left Australia on a year long study tour to Europe. He visited Europe again in 1938.
His portrait of the lieutenant-governor of Victoria, Sir William Irvine, won the Archibald prize for 1932. The following year he held solo exhibits in Melbourne, Sydney and Adelaide. He was a foundation member of the Australian Academy of Art. In 1936 he was commissioned to paint a portrait of Sir James Mitchell, the lieutenant-governor of Western Australia and his portrait of Miss Jessica Harcourt, known as "Australia's loveliest girl" was a finalist in the 1936 Archibald Prize.
Buckmaster was a Second World War official war artist for the Australian military's Military History Section. This took him to Singapore to paint the Japanese surrender. These paintings are held by the Australian War Memorial, Canberra.
He married Dorothy Laura Cook on 12 February 1936. They divorced on 15 February 1939 and a week later he married Florence Botting in Melbourne.
Buckmaster made two extended trips to New Zealand in the 1940s and 1950s at the invitation of Henry Kelliher, Managing Director of Dominion Breweries in Auckland, who had seen Buckmaster's 1944 exhibition at the David Jones Gallery, Sydney. On the latter visit he wrote that he had driven 6,000 miles throughout the country to paint landscapes.
He died on 18 October 1968 at his home at Warrandyte. He was survived by his wife and their five children. His grave is in the Lilydale cemetery.
Buckmaster's self-portrait, which was a finalist in the 1936 Archibald Prize, is in the Art Gallery of New South Wales.
Some of Buckmaster's work is on extended loan from his family to The Hotel Windsor in Melbourne.
As well as the Archibald prize he received the National Gallery of Victoria Award (1941) and twice won the Albury Art Prize (1950 and 1963).
Although an accomplished painter of portraits and still life subjects, he is best known for his landscapes. Those he generally painted En plein air rather than from photographs.
One of his paintings sold for Aus$27,025 in 2003. The average price of 1,185 of his paintings recently sold at auction prior to May 2021 was AUS$5,147
See also
Australian art
External links
Archibald Prize winners
Self Portrait of Ernest Buckmaster, finalist in 1936 Archibald Prize
Ernest Buckmaster interviewed by Hazel de Berg, 1965 (sound recording in 2 parts) available online
Ernest Buckmaster (1951), The art of Ernest Buckmaster, Melbourne, Lothian
Barry Ellam & Norman Buckmaster (1993), Art by Ernest Buckmaster, Box Hill, Melbourne, Evelyn Fine Arts.
References
1897 births
1968 deaths
Archibald Prize winners
Australian people of World War II
Australian portrait painters
World War II artists
Australian war artists
20th-century Australian painters
20th-century Australian male artists
Australian landscape painters
Australian still life painters
Australian male painters
People from Hawthorn, Victoria
Painters from Melbourne
National Gallery of Victoria Art School alumni
Visual artists in early 20th-century Australia |
Sean Lawlor (25 January 1954 – 10 October 2009) was an Irish character actor and playwright. He was best known for his portrayal of Malcolm Wallace in Braveheart. He also appeared in Titanic, In the Name of the Father and On Broadway. He appeared in many Irish television films and the RTÉ series Bracken, as well as parts in many Irish films. He produced plays for the stage including his own one-man play, The Watchman, in which he starred.
Death
Lawlor died after a short illness in Dublin on 10 October 2009, aged 55.
Filmography
By the Sword Divided (1983) - Lt. O'Farrell
Minder (1984, TV Series) - Eddie
Bergerac (1985, TV Series) - Martin O'Brien
Boon (1986) - Sean Mahoney
Taffin (1988) - Seamus
Reefer and the Model (1988) - Spider
Joyriders (1988) - Thug in Men's Room
Murder in Eden (1991, BBC Miniseries) - Rory Rua
Into the West (1992) - Policeman
In the Name of the Father (1993) - Remand Prison Officer
Braveheart (1995) - Malcolm Wallace
Trojan Eddie (1996) - Gerry
Some Mother's Son (1996) - Platoon Leader
Space Truckers (1996) - Mel
The Disappearance of Finbar (1996) - Michael Flynn
JAG (1997, TV Series) - Jack Moore
The Second Civil War (1997, TV Movie) - Brendan
Titanic (1997) - Leading Stroker Charles Hendrickson (uncredited)
Chicago Hope (1998, TV Series) - Scotty
Night Man (1998, TV Series)
Nash Bridges (1998, TV Series) - Patrick McQuiston
Winchell (1998, TV Movie) - Miami Sergeant
Murder, She Wrote: The Celtic Riddle (2003, TV Movie) - John Herlihy
Red Roses and Petrol (2003) - Prof. Thompson
On Broadway (2007) - Martin O'Toole
The Blue Rose (2007) - Harry (uncredited)
30,000 Leagues Under the Sea (2007, V) - Captain Nemo
Live Fast, Die Young (2008) - Sidney Blackstone
Mega Shark Versus Giant Octopus (2009, V) - Lamar Sanders
The Black Waters of Echo's Pond (2009) - Charles
Now Here (2010) - Durant
Not Another Not Another Movie (2011) - Wallace (final film role)
References
External links
1954 births
2009 deaths
Irish male dramatists and playwrights
Irish male film actors
Irish male stage actors
Male actors from Dublin (city)
20th-century Irish dramatists and playwrights
20th-century male writers |
Willie Lee Wilson (born June 16, 1948) is an American businessman and perennial candidate from Chicago, Illinois. He unsuccessfully ran in the 2015, 2019, and 2023 Chicago mayoral elections, the 2016 United States presidential election, and for the United States Senate in 2020.
Wilson has owned and operated several different McDonald's restaurant franchises and owns Omar Medical Supplies, which imports and distributes latex gloves and other medical and safety supplies and equipment. He also produces the nationally syndicated gospel music television program Singsation, which won a Chicago/Midwest Emmy Award in 2012.
Early life and education
Wilson was born the son of a sharecropper in Louisiana.
Wilson completed a seventh grade education before dropping out of primary school.
Wilson later received an honorary Doctor of Divinity degree from Mt. Carmel Theological Seminary and an honorary Doctor of Humane Letters from Chicago Baptist Institute International.
Wilson left home at age thirteen, and began his working life earning twenty cents per hour working in cotton and sugar cane fields.
Wilson lived for periods of time in Miami and New York City, before settling in Chicago in 1965.
Wilson worked various jobs once he moved to Chicago, before being hired to mop floors and flip burgers at a McDonald's. He worked his way up, being eventually promoted to manager, and later receiving a loan to become a McDonald's franchisee, thus starting his business career.
Business career
In his career as a businessman, Wilson owned five McDonald's franchises (which he subsequently sold) and started a medical-supply company. He also produced the nationally syndicated gospel music television program Singsation
He has served as the founder and Chairman of the Board of Omar Medical Supplies, Inc.
Wilson served on the Board of Chicago Baptist Institute.
Political career
Wilson served as the Chairman of the Governor's Task Force on Fair Practices in Contracting. In 2014, Illinois Governor-elect Bruce Rauner appointed Wilson to his transition team. Wilson has contended in 5 elections in the United States.
2015 Chicago mayoral campaign
Wilson ran for Mayor of Chicago in 2015, being one of several challengers to incumbent mayor Rahm Emanuel.
Wilson collected 43,000 signatures for his candidature petition within five days. Emanuel issued a challenge to the validity of signatures collected. Emanuel ultimately dropped his challenge to Wilson's petition.
Wilson staked out a number of positions, including advocating for bringing a casino to Chicago and restoring Meigs Field (on Northerly Island) as an airport. Wilson was critical of Police Superintendent Garry McCarthy, and pledged to fire him if elected mayor. Wilson was also critical of Chicago Public Schools school closures which had taken place under Emanuel.
Wilson placed third in a five-candidate race with 50,960 votes, equal 10.66% of the votes cast.
Wilson's endorsement in the runoff was actively sought by both candidates Rahm Emanuel and Jesús "Chuy" García. Wilson endorsed García.
2016 U.S. presidential campaign
After setting up an exploratory committee on May 11, 2015, Wilson officially announced on June 1, 2015, that he would be running as a candidate for President of the United States in the 2016 election. He ran as a Democrat.
The Wilson campaign was the first presidential campaign, Democratic or Republican, to buy advertisements in the state of Iowa.
Wilson was on the ballot in several states during the 2016 Democratic primaries. He was the only minor candidate to appear on the ballot in South Carolina's "First in the South" primaries, perhaps due to the comparatively higher cost of the state's ballot entry fee. Wilson received 1,314 votes, or 0.35% of the total, in South Carolina, placing ahead of Former Maryland Governor Martin O'Malley. Wilson dropped out on April 12, 2016.
In the general election, Wilson voted for Republican nominee Donald Trump.
Detailed below are the FEC-filed finances of Willie Wilson 2016 as of 5/6/2016
2019 Chicago mayoral campaign
In March 2018, Wilson formally announced that he would run a second time for Mayor of Chicago in the 2019 mayoral election.
During his campaign, Wilson generated controversy for handing out money to churchgoers. This practice of his was challenged before the Illinois State Board of Elections, which found that it did not violate any campaign finance laws since the money came from his non-profit foundation. Wilson defended his actions, declaring that his church appearances were not campaign-related, and that he was not buying votes. He continued this practice after the decision by the Board of Elections.
During the campaign, in late November 2018, Wilson declared that he believed that other black candidates needed, "to get out of the way."
Wilson launched challenges to the candidature petitions of several black candidates, including Roger Washington, Ja'Mal Green, Neal Sales-Griffin, and Dorothy Brown. At the last minute, Wilson moved to drop his challenge to Sales-Griffin's and Brown's petitions. Brown was still removed from the ballot due to Toni Preckwinkle maintaining her challenge to Brown's petition, but Sales-Griffin was allowed to be included on the ballot. Chicago Electoral Board Chair Marisel Hernandez chastised the Wilson campaign for its political maneuvers regarding ballot challenges.
Wilson was endorsed by the Cook County Republican Party.
Wilson failed to make it to the runoff, placing fourth with 59,072 votes, equal 10.61% of vote cast. Wilson performed very well on the West and South sides of the city. Despite placing fourth, Wilson had a plurality of the vote in more wards than any other candidate (he came first in thirteen wards). The thirteen wards that Wilson carried a plurality of the vote in were all predominately black (these being thirteen out of the total of eighteen wards in the city that are predominately black).
Again, Wilson's endorsement was actively sought by both candidates in the runoff. Wilson endorsed Lori Lightfoot.
2020 U.S. Senate campaign
In August 2019, Wilson expressed his intention to challenge incumbent United States Senator from Illinois Dick Durbin in 2020, running in the general election as an independent challenger to Durbin. Rather than run as an independent, he ultimately opted to run under the ballot line of his newly created "Willie Wilson Party".
Wilson received the support of three current and former Chicago aldermen, as well as that of the Fraternal Order of Police.
Wilson received 4% of the vote statewide, finishing in a distant third place. His highest support came from the majority-black wards of Chicago where he had done well in both his mayoral campaigns. Totaling up all 18 of Chicago's majority-black wards, Wilson garnered 18.5% of the vote, well ahead of Republican Mark Curran, who received only 4%, but still far behind Durbin who received 75.9%.
2023 Chicago mayoral campaign
Wilson launched a third campaign to become the Mayor of Chicago. Wilson is running as an independent, as Chicago hosts non-partisan elections. In the winter, Wilson donated various resources to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. In response to high inflation, Wilson organized various gas giveaways and food donations.
Wilson’s campaign cited key issues in his platform as being small businesses, increasing safety, and ‘rebuilding’ Chicago. Wilson advocated for increased safety on public transport, crime reduction, tax reduction, and opposing corruption. He also supported the abolishment of red-light traffic cameras, parking meter reform, and other issues.
Wilson accused incumbent mayor Lori Lightfoot of mismanagement, especially relating to gas prices and economic reinvigoration. He also called out corruption in the city, and said some officials were “out of touch” with the public. Wilson criticized earlier decisions to implement previous safety measures amid the COVID-19 pandemic that had the impact of temporary prohibiting church gatherings.
Describing himself as "pro policeman", Wilson stood in opposition to rules and regulations that he regards as hindering the police's ability to combat crime. At one mayoral debate, Wilson declared that the city should, "Take the handcuffs off the policy, [sic] put them on people that's actually doing [crime]," and that those who flee police should be, "hunted down like rabbits". Wilson spoke positively of the Chicago Police Department.
Wilson was considered to be the only of the nine candidates on the ballot not to be affiliated with the Democratic Party, though the election is officially nonpartisan.
In the initial round of the election, Wilson was defeated, placing fifth of nine candidates with 49,248 votes (9.57% of the election's overall vote). A week after the first round, Wilson subsequently endorsed Paul Vallas in the runoff election.
Personal life
Wilson is married to Janette Wilson. As of 2023, he lives in Chicago's downtown.
Wilson's son Omar, who was involved in gangs and drug dealing, was shot and killed at the age of 20.
In early October 2020, Wilson tested positive for COVID-19.
Political positions
Wilson self-identifies as an independent Democrat.
In the 2016 United States Presidential general election, Wilson personally voted for Republican nominee Donald Trump. When asked in 2019 about his possible vote in the 2020 election, Wilson declared, "I am not going to vote, nor will I ever vote again, for President Trump."
During the COVID-19 pandemic in Illinois, Wilson advocated that churches should be allowed to hold in-person services despite the state's stay-at-home order.
In his 2023 mayoral campaign, Wilson described himself as "pro policeman".
Economic policy
Wilson stated in 2019 that he believes the spending of tax money has "not proportionately benefited all races of citizens," in Illinois.
LGBTQ rights
Wilson tweeted in response to the Obergefell v. Hodges decision, “I disagree with what I consider the Supreme Court’s reinterpretation of what constitutes marriage. Marriage has and should always be that sacred union between a man and a woman. Period." However, in 2018, Wilson declared that he had changed his mind on the issue of same-sex marriage, declaring that he now believes that, "everybody is entitled to do whatever they want to do and be with whoever they want to be."
In a 2018 interview with the Chicago Sun-Times, Wilson stated that his upbringing in the Deep South had made it difficult for him to understand the LGBTQ community, but that he was "reaching out" and seeking to "learn".
Electoral history
Mayoral
2016 Democratic presidential primaries
A.On ballot as other
B.Counting Uncommitted as having placed 3rd
C.Counting Uncommitted, No Preference, and scattering, respectively, as placing 4th, 6th, and 7th
United States Senate
References
External links
wiillie wilson for mayor 2022
1948 births
21st-century American politicians
African-American business executives
American business executives
African-American Christians
African-American people in Illinois politics
African-American candidates for President of the United States
Businesspeople from Chicago
Illinois Democrats
Living people
McDonald's people
Politicians from Chicago
Candidates in the 2016 United States presidential election
Candidates in the 2020 United States Senate elections
Illinois Independents
21st-century African-American politicians
20th-century African-American people |
The Clallam County Courthouse is located at 319 Lincoln Street in Port Angeles, Washington. It was built in 1914 and 1915, replacing an older wood courthouse built in 1892, and officially dedicated on June 14, 1915. A 1979 expansion, connected to the historic courthouse by an enclosed bridge, now houses many of the official functions, including courts, public records, and a jail. The historic courthouse houses the Clallam County Museum and the county Parks, Fair and Facilities Department.
The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1987 and was added as a contributing properties to the Port Angeles Civic Historic District in 2011.
Architecture
The Clallam County Courthouse is three stories high with a basement and tower and was built in the Classical Revival style. It was designed by architect Francis Grant, and built by the Sound Construction Company. The interior of the courthouse (refurbished in 1999) is arranged around an atrium, open to a second floor balcony, and lit by leaded glass skylights. The atrium is faced with marble and scagliola plaster; double curved stairs at each end lead up to the second floor. The county jail was originally located in the courthouse basement.
One hundred and twenty-six solar panels are mounted on the roof. The panels, originally installed in 1979, were replaced in 2011, and generate approximately one-fifth of the power consumed by the facility.
Tower
The courthouse features a combination bell tower/clock tower that rises to above ground level. The tower clock was manufactured by the E. Howard & Co. of Boston and installed in 1915 by Joseph Mayer, a Seattle clockmaker and jeweler. The massive clock system (the four faces are each in diameter) was not originally intended for Clallam County. It was manufactured in 1880 and shipped all the way around Cape Horn to Seattle. However, no buyer claimed it, and the clock was subsequently warehoused at the Seattle docks for 29 years. Discovered in storage by architect Francis Grant, it was purchased by the county for $5,115. When installed, it was connected to a tall, one-ton iron bell. Unlike most bells, the clapper for the Clallam County Courthouse bell strikes it from the outside, rather than the inside, giving it a distinctive and less sharp tone.
The tower and clock were renovated in winter 2010–2011 as part of a $1.025 million courthouse restoration project. The Clallam County Courthouse's clock/bell tower is featured on the seal of Clallam County.
References
County courthouses in Washington (state)
National Register of Historic Places in Port Angeles, Washington
Clock towers in Washington (state)
Individually listed contributing properties to historic districts on the National Register in Washington (state) |
Bulaki Das Kalla (born 4 October 1949) or Dr. B.D. Kalla, is an Indian politician from Bikaner Rajasthan. He is Education (primary and secondary), sanskrit education, arts, literature and culture & ASI minister in Rajasthan government.
Family and education
He has done B.Sc., M.A. (Economics), L.L.B. and Ph.D. He is the son of Giridhari Lal Kalla. He married Shiv Kumari Kalla on 10 February 1971. They have two sons, Ashwani Kalla and Pawan Kalla, and two daughters, Radha and Rajani.
Career
Kalla began his career in 1974 as a lecturer in a B.J.S. Rampuriya College in Bikaner. Then he turned towards politics and served as an MLA from Bikaner city in the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly upon winning assembly elections five times i.e. in 1980, 1985, 1990, 1998 and 2003.
Kalla served as the Minister for Secondary Education from 1990 and 2003 and did justice to his position with his previous experience in the education sector. Dr. B.D. Kalla was the Leader of the Opposition party from January 2004 to January 2006, as an active member of Indian National Congress in Rajasthan Legislative Assembly. He also served as President of Rajasthan Pradesh Congress Committee & Chairman of 4th Finance Commission.
In 2008 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly elections, the Bikaner constituency was split into Bikaner East (Rajasthan Assembly constituency) and Bikaner West (Rajasthan Assembly constituency) after the delimitation of boundaries by the Govt. BD Kalla lost 2008 & 2013 elections to BJP candidate Dr. Gopal Joshi (who is also Dr. Kalla's brother-in-law).
2018 Rajasthan Assembly Elections
In November 2018, INC announced its first list of candidates and Dr. Kalla's name was not in it. His supporters took it offensively which caused political turmoil in Bikaner and Congress leadership took note of it, hence allocating ticket to Dr. Kalla from Bikaner West Constituency.
In December 2018, Dr BD Kalla won & became Minister in CM Ashok Gehlot's cabinet. He is one of the three ministers who have studied up to Ph.D., out of a total of 23 ministers in Gehlot's 2018 Cabinet. He was minister of Energy, Public Health Engineering, Ground Water, Art, Culture & Archeology departments till November 2021, and currently is the State Education Minister in Rajasthan Government.
References
External links
Profile
Personal website
Indian National Congress politicians
1949 births
Living people
People from Bikaner
Leaders of the Opposition in Rajasthan
Rajasthan MLAs 2018–2023
Indian National Congress politicians from Rajasthan |
William Byrd Hotel is a historic hotel building located in Richmond, Virginia. It was built in 1925, and is an 11-story, Classical Revival style building consisting of a base, shaft and capital. It is a steel frame building clad in limestone, buff brick, and with terra cotta decorative elements. The building is topped by a three-story penthouse with a one-story addition. The hotel ceased operation in the 1980s, and the building was renovated into apartments in 1996. Currently, the William Byrd Apartments are owned by Project: Homes, a regional nonprofit dedicated to providing housing for low-income seniors.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.
References
Hotel buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia
Neoclassical architecture in Virginia
Hotel buildings completed in 1925
Hotels in Richmond, Virginia
National Register of Historic Places in Richmond, Virginia |
Sweet 20 is an Indonesian musical romantic comedy film, a remake of the 2014 South Korean film Miss Granny, under collaboration of Starvision Plus in Indonesia and CJ Entertainment. This film is directed by Ody C. Harahap and stars Tatjana Saphira, Morgan Oey, Kevin Julio, Lukman Sardi, Niniek L. Karim and Slamet Rahardjo. This film tells the story about Fatmawati, a 70-year-old grandmother who magically gets back into her 20s after taking a photo in a mysterious photo studio. Sweet 20 was released on 25 June 2017 on the event of Eid al-Fitr.
Plot
Fatmawati, a 70-year-old fussy grandmother, lives with her son, Aditya, daughter-in-law, and two grandchildren. Fatmawati has always been proud of Aditya, but is hurt when, one day, she finds out she will be sent to a nursing home. She runs away from the house, while regretting aging. That night, her sight falls upon mysterious photo studio Forever Young, and proceeds to want a picture of herself for her funeral. Before taking the photo, the photographer asks what she wants, she answers to make her look beautiful and young in the photo, then the photographer said he would make her 50 years younger. All is well, and the photo was taken, until suddenly Fatmawati really transforms into a woman 50 years younger; she becomes just like how she looked when she was 20 years old. Fatmawati started to live her new life as Mieke, a name of her idol Mieke Wijaya. As time goes by, Fatmawati gets the opportunity to realize her dream to become a singer, something she couldn't do back then. Her unique, old-fashioned speech and fashion style, conquers the heart of three men: music producer Alan, her own grandson, and Hamzah who has been in love with her 50 years ago. The latter has a late wife and living daughter, who constantly shows irritation at her father's caring attitude towards Fatmawati.
Throughout living as Mieke, Fatmawati is haunted by the fear that her legacy will be lost. Meanwhile, she learns that bleeding will cause her real skin to be exposed. As this is learned, Hamzah realizes the truth, and swears to keep this from everyone. As Fatmawati is about to appear on a television concert, everyone on the band learns that one of her grandson, Juna, loses a lot of blood in an accident. Juna's blood type is AB negative, one only belonged to Fatmawati. Unwilling to kill her grandson for her ego, she expresses will to transfer her blood to Juna. Aditya, who has known her identity all this time, apologizes to her mother for being a horrible son; Fatmawati says she never thinks so. While the band continues, Hamzah visits Young Forever just for Fatmawati, the love of his life.
Cast
Main cast
Tatjana Saphira as young Fatmawati
Saphira also portrays Mieke Wijaya
Morgan Oey as Alan, a music producer
Kevin Julio as Juna, Fatmawati's grandson
Supporting cast
Production
Sweet 20 was directed by Ody C. Harahap, who has directed romantic comedy films like and . The screenwriting was done by Upi. The film was shot in Bandung, including Braga Street, Asia Afrika Street and Bandung City Hall. Sweet 20 is an adaptation of the Korean film Miss Granny, with the difference is that Indonesian elements are added into the film, including dangdut and Lebaran. Miss Granny has been adapted into Chinese, Japanese, Thailand, and Vietnamese versions. Tatjana Saphira sang four of the five songs in the film, including "Bing" that was composed by Titiek Puspa, "Payung Fantasi" composed by Ismail Marzuki, "Layu Sebelum Berkembang" composed by A. Riyanto, and "Meraih Asa", the film's theme song, written by Upi and Tony with arrangement by Bemby Gusti. Besides those four songs, Gugun Blues Shelter sang "Selayang Pandang" composed by Lili Suhairi.
Release
The film was released on 25 June 2017 on the event of Eid al-Fitr, together with Jailangkung, Surat Kecil untuk Tuhan, and Insya Allah Sah.
Reception
As of 15 July 2017, Sweet 20 has been watched by 1,001,935 people.
According to film observer Shandy Gasella, "this remake is not as sitcom as the original film by Hwang Dong-Hyuk. The tone of the film is soft and happier, I like the grading. There are many additions of scenes of laughter, making this movie feel 'the same but different'." However, this film does not improvise much from the original film, and even though Fatma admires Mieke Wijaya, young Fatma's makeup is unlike Wijaya's. According to Jodhi Yudono from Kompas, Sweet 20 managed to be a family drama film as well as romantic comedy that is thick with the colours of Indonesia, both in settings, such as putting the atmosphere of Lebaran and conflict between children- and parents-in-law, and jokes throughout the film. This film also mixes senior film stars with recent actors, creating a nostalgic nuance.
Awards
References
External links
Miss Granny
2017 films
2010s Indonesian-language films
2017 romantic comedy films
Indonesian romantic comedy films
Remakes of South Korean films
CJ Entertainment films |
The 2020 FAI Cup Final, known as the 2020 Extra.ie FAI Cup Final for sponsorship reasons, was the final match of the 2020 FAI Cup, the national association football cup of the Republic of Ireland. The match took place on Sunday 6 December 2020 at the Aviva Stadium in Dublin, and was contested by defending champions Shamrock Rovers and Dundalk.
The match was a repeat of the 2019 Final.
The match was broadcast live on RTÉ Two and RTÉ Two HD in the Republic of Ireland, and via the RTÉ Player worldwide with commentary from George Hamilton and Pat Fenlon.
Dundalk won the game 4-2 after extra-time with a hat-trick from David McMillan.
Match summary
References
External links
Official Site
Final
FAI Cup finals
Fai Cup Final 2020
Fai Cup Final 2020 |
Stubbs Road is a road located in Mid-Levels East, Central, Hong Kong, which connects Happy Valley to The Peak area on Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong, through an area near the Wong Nai Chung Gap. It runs uphill from Queen's Road East and goes through a residential area of luxurious high-rise tower blocks. The road is named after the 16th Governor of Hong Kong, Sir Reginald Edward Stubbs.
Features
Stubbs Road is an example of the city's "cultural diversity": one of Hong Kong's tallest residential buildings, Highcliff, and the historical Chinese style building, King Yin Lei, are situated on this road.
Opus Hong Kong, a 12-story residential block designed by Frank Gehry is located on 53 Stubbs Road. The location on Stubbs Road has been owned by the Swire Group for 60 years. It originally was the home of the most senior executive in Swire.
Hong Kong Adventist Hospital is located along the road.
See also
Lingnan Primary School
Khalsa Diwan Sikh Temple
List of streets and roads in Hong Kong
Stone wall trees in Hong Kong
Rosaryhill School
Bradbury School
References
Wan Chai District
Roads on Hong Kong Island |
Deanna Bogart (born September 5, 1959, Detroit, Michigan, United States), is an American blues and fusion singer, pianist, saxophone player, composer, arranger, and producer.
Background
She began her career in Baltimore and the Washington suburbs of Maryland with the ensemble Cowboy Jazz, and following that band's breakup in 1986, a stint playing with Root Boy Slim. In the early 1990s she began her solo career. She has won five Blues Music Awards in the 'Instrumentalist - Horn' category, the most recent in 2023. In 2013, Bogart was nominated for a Blues Music Award in the 'Pinetop Perkins Piano Player' category.
Discography
1991: Out to Get You
1992: Crossing Borders
1996: New Address
1998: The Great Unknown
2001: Deanna Bogart Band Live
2002: Timing Is Everything
2006: Real Time
2009: Eleventh Hour
2012: Pianoland
2014: Just a Wish Away
References
External links
Official Deanna Bogart website
1959 births
Living people
American rock musicians
American blues singers
American blues pianists
Jump blues musicians
Boogie-woogie pianists
Rhythm and blues musicians from New Orleans
Singers from Louisiana
20th-century American women pianists
20th-century American pianists
20th-century American women singers
21st-century American women pianists
21st-century American pianists
21st-century American women singers
21st-century American singers
Blind Pig Records artists
20th-century American singers |
Hermanus Numan (1744 – 9 March 1820) was a Dutch painter, draftsman, pastellist, etcher, engraver, watercolorist, set painter, decorator (interiors), art theorist, and publisher.
Numan was born in Ezinge, Winsum. Between 1759 and 1762 he worked with his father in a lacquerware factory in Groningen. From 1762 to 1766 he apprenticed with Jan Augustini and worked alongside Egbert van Drielst in Haarlem producing decorative wallpaper. He then returned to Groningen and worked for a while as a portraitist. In 1768 he traveled to Paris where he studied engraving.
Numan moved to Amsterdam, where he continued to work and study for the rest of his life. In 1771 he studied under Jurriaan Andriessen at the Stadstekenacademie (City Drawing School). Numan married Anna Maria van Sterkenburg, and later became a member of the Felix Meritis artist community. His subjects were primarily landscapes, genre art, and portraits. He is also known as a copyist, not only through his engravings, but also copies of paintings in Amsterdam collections.
In 1808 he became fourth class member of the Royal Institute of the Netherlands.
References
1744 births
1820 deaths
Dutch engravers
Dutch draughtsmen
18th-century Dutch painters
18th-century Dutch male artists
19th-century Dutch painters
Dutch male painters
Members of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
People from Winsum
19th-century Dutch male artists |
```objective-c
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.
#ifndef V8_PROTOTYPE_H_
#define V8_PROTOTYPE_H_
#include "src/isolate.h"
#include "src/objects.h"
namespace v8 {
namespace internal {
/**
* A class to uniformly access the prototype of any Object and walk its
* prototype chain.
*
* The PrototypeIterator can either start at the prototype (default), or
* include the receiver itself. If a PrototypeIterator is constructed for a
* Map, it will always start at the prototype.
*
* The PrototypeIterator can either run to the null_value(), the first
* non-hidden prototype, or a given object.
*/
class PrototypeIterator {
public:
enum WhereToEnd { END_AT_NULL, END_AT_NON_HIDDEN };
const int kProxyPrototypeLimit = 100 * 1000;
PrototypeIterator(Isolate* isolate, Handle<JSReceiver> receiver,
WhereToStart where_to_start = kStartAtPrototype,
WhereToEnd where_to_end = END_AT_NULL)
: isolate_(isolate),
object_(NULL),
handle_(receiver),
where_to_end_(where_to_end),
is_at_end_(false),
seen_proxies_(0) {
CHECK(!handle_.is_null());
if (where_to_start == kStartAtPrototype) Advance();
}
PrototypeIterator(Isolate* isolate, JSReceiver* receiver,
WhereToStart where_to_start = kStartAtPrototype,
WhereToEnd where_to_end = END_AT_NULL)
: isolate_(isolate),
object_(receiver),
where_to_end_(where_to_end),
is_at_end_(false),
seen_proxies_(0) {
if (where_to_start == kStartAtPrototype) Advance();
}
explicit PrototypeIterator(Map* receiver_map,
WhereToEnd where_to_end = END_AT_NULL)
: isolate_(receiver_map->GetIsolate()),
object_(receiver_map->GetPrototypeChainRootMap(isolate_)->prototype()),
where_to_end_(where_to_end),
is_at_end_(object_->IsNull(isolate_)),
seen_proxies_(0) {
if (!is_at_end_ && where_to_end_ == END_AT_NON_HIDDEN) {
DCHECK(object_->IsJSReceiver());
Map* map = JSReceiver::cast(object_)->map();
is_at_end_ = !map->has_hidden_prototype();
}
}
explicit PrototypeIterator(Handle<Map> receiver_map,
WhereToEnd where_to_end = END_AT_NULL)
: isolate_(receiver_map->GetIsolate()),
object_(NULL),
handle_(receiver_map->GetPrototypeChainRootMap(isolate_)->prototype(),
isolate_),
where_to_end_(where_to_end),
is_at_end_(handle_->IsNull(isolate_)),
seen_proxies_(0) {
if (!is_at_end_ && where_to_end_ == END_AT_NON_HIDDEN) {
DCHECK(handle_->IsJSReceiver());
Map* map = JSReceiver::cast(*handle_)->map();
is_at_end_ = !map->has_hidden_prototype();
}
}
~PrototypeIterator() {}
bool HasAccess() const {
// We can only perform access check in the handlified version of the
// PrototypeIterator.
DCHECK(!handle_.is_null());
if (handle_->IsAccessCheckNeeded()) {
return isolate_->MayAccess(handle(isolate_->context()),
Handle<JSObject>::cast(handle_));
}
return true;
}
template <typename T = Object>
T* GetCurrent() const {
DCHECK(handle_.is_null());
return T::cast(object_);
}
template <typename T = Object>
static Handle<T> GetCurrent(const PrototypeIterator& iterator) {
DCHECK(!iterator.handle_.is_null());
DCHECK(iterator.object_ == NULL);
return Handle<T>::cast(iterator.handle_);
}
void Advance() {
if (handle_.is_null() && object_->IsJSProxy()) {
is_at_end_ = true;
object_ = isolate_->heap()->null_value();
return;
} else if (!handle_.is_null() && handle_->IsJSProxy()) {
is_at_end_ = true;
handle_ = isolate_->factory()->null_value();
return;
}
AdvanceIgnoringProxies();
}
void AdvanceIgnoringProxies() {
Object* object = handle_.is_null() ? object_ : *handle_;
Map* map = HeapObject::cast(object)->map();
Object* prototype = map->prototype();
is_at_end_ = where_to_end_ == END_AT_NON_HIDDEN
? !map->has_hidden_prototype()
: prototype->IsNull(isolate_);
if (handle_.is_null()) {
object_ = prototype;
} else {
handle_ = handle(prototype, isolate_);
}
}
// Returns false iff a call to JSProxy::GetPrototype throws.
// TODO(neis): This should probably replace Advance().
MUST_USE_RESULT bool AdvanceFollowingProxies() {
DCHECK(!(handle_.is_null() && object_->IsJSProxy()));
if (!HasAccess()) {
// Abort the lookup if we do not have access to the current object.
handle_ = isolate_->factory()->null_value();
is_at_end_ = true;
return true;
}
return AdvanceFollowingProxiesIgnoringAccessChecks();
}
MUST_USE_RESULT bool AdvanceFollowingProxiesIgnoringAccessChecks() {
if (handle_.is_null() || !handle_->IsJSProxy()) {
AdvanceIgnoringProxies();
return true;
}
// Due to possible __proto__ recursion limit the number of Proxies
// we visit to an arbitrarily chosen large number.
seen_proxies_++;
if (seen_proxies_ > kProxyPrototypeLimit) {
isolate_->StackOverflow();
return false;
}
MaybeHandle<Object> proto =
JSProxy::GetPrototype(Handle<JSProxy>::cast(handle_));
if (!proto.ToHandle(&handle_)) return false;
is_at_end_ =
where_to_end_ == END_AT_NON_HIDDEN || handle_->IsNull(isolate_);
return true;
}
bool IsAtEnd() const { return is_at_end_; }
private:
Isolate* isolate_;
Object* object_;
Handle<Object> handle_;
WhereToEnd where_to_end_;
bool is_at_end_;
int seen_proxies_;
DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(PrototypeIterator);
};
} // namespace internal
} // namespace v8
#endif // V8_PROTOTYPE_H_
``` |
Ricky Earl Price (born September 16, 1987) is a former American football safety. He was signed by the Chiefs as an undrafted free agent in 2009 and played for the Chiefs in the 2009 and 2010 season. He played college football at Oklahoma State.
Early years
Price attended Cypress Falls High School in Houston, graduated in 2005.
College career
Price attended Oklahoma State University, where he played wide receiver for his first two seasons, and became a full-time starter at safety his junior and senior years.
Professional career
Kansas City Chiefs
The Kansas City Chiefs signed Price to their practice squad on October 28, 2009. He was promoted to the active roster on December 26 after safety DaJuan Morgan was placed on injured reserve. Price spent the majority of the 2010 season on the practice squad before being activated in December. Price was waived on September 3, 2014, during the final roster cutdowns.
External links
Kansas City Chiefs bio
References
1987 births
Living people
Players of American football from Houston
American football wide receivers
American football safeties
Oklahoma State Cowboys football players
Kansas City Chiefs players |
Microbial collagenase (, Clostridium histolyticum collagenase, clostridiopeptidase A, collagenase A, collagenase I, Achromobacter iophagus collagenase, collagenase, aspergillopeptidase C, nucleolysin, azocollase, metallocollagenase, soycollagestin, Clostridium histolyticum proteinase A, clostridiopeptidase II, MMP-8, clostridiopeptidase I, collagen peptidase, collagen protease, collagenase MMP-1, metalloproteinase-1, kollaza, matrix metalloproteinase-1, matrix metalloproteinase-8, matirx metalloproteinase-18, interstitial collagenase) is an enzyme. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
Digestion of native collagen in the triple helical region at -Gly bonds. With synthetic peptides, a preference is shown for Gly at P3 and P1', Pro and Ala at P2 and P2', and hydroxyproline, Ala or Arg at P3'
Six species of metalloendopeptidase acting on native collagen can be isolated from the medium of Clostridium histolyticum.
See also
Collagenase
References
External links
EC 3.4.24 |
Sunnyside is a neighborhood in the western portion of the New York City borough of Queens. It shares borders with Hunters Point and Long Island City to the west, Astoria to the north, Woodside to the east and Maspeth to the south. It contains the Sunnyside Gardens Historic District, one of the first planned communities in the United States.
The name "Sunnyside" originates with the Bragaw family, French Huguenots who had purchased the land in 1713 and named their estate "Sunnyside Hill". Sunnyside was a rural hamlet mostly consisting of small farms and marshland. It was incorporated into Long Island City in 1870, and developed into a bedroom community after the Queensboro Bridge was completed in 1909. A large portion of the neighborhood is six-story apartment buildings constructed during the 1920s and 1930s.
Sunnyside is located in Queens Community District 2 and its ZIP Codes are 11101, 11104, and 11377. It is patrolled by the New York City Police Department's 108th Precinct. Politically, Sunnyside is represented by the New York City Council's 26th District.
Demographics
Based on data from the 2010 United States Census, the population of Sunnyside was 63,271, a change of 1,324 (2.1%) from the 61,947 counted in 2000. Covering an area of , the neighborhood had a population density of .
The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 35.4% (22,424) non-Hispanic White, 2.5% (1,588) African American, 0.2% (109) Native American, 24.3% (15,390) Asian, 0%(29) Pacific Islander, 0.6% (395) other races, 2.1% (1,342) two or more races, and 34.8% (21,994) Hispanic or Latino of any race.
The entirety of Community Board 2, which comprises Sunnyside and Woodside, had 135,972 inhabitants as of NYC Health's 2018 Community Health Profile, with an average life expectancy of 85.4 years. This is higher than the median life expectancy of 81.2 for all New York City neighborhoods. Most inhabitants are middle-aged adults and youth: 17% are between the ages of 0–17, 39% between 25–44, and 24% between 45–64. The ratio of college-aged and elderly residents was lower, at 8% and 12% respectively.
As of 2017, the median household income in Community Board 2 was $67,359. In 2018, an estimated 20% of Sunnyside and Woodside residents lived in poverty, compared to 19% in all of Queens and 20% in all of New York City. One in twenty residents (5%) were unemployed, compared to 8% in Queens and 9% in New York City. Rent burden, or the percentage of residents who have difficulty paying their rent, is 51% in Sunnyside and Woodside, about equal to the boroughwide and citywide rates of 53% and 51% respectively. Based on this calculation, , Sunnyside and Woodside is considered to be high-income relative to the rest of the city and not gentrifying.
Queens is one of the most ethnically diverse urban areas in the world. Sunnyside's residents are also ethnically diverse and include people of Albanian, Algerian, Argentine, Armenian, Bangladeshi, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Burmese, Chinese, Colombian, Dominican, Ecuadorian, Egyptian, Filipino, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Indian, Iraqi, Irish, Israeli, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Lebanese, Mexican, Moroccan, Nepali, Nicaraguan, Pakistani, Paraguayan, Peruvian, Polish, Puerto Rican, Romanian, Russian, Salvadoran, Thai, Tibetan, Tunisian, Turkish, Ukrainian, Vietnamese and Yemeni ancestry. Sunnyside has a variety of ethnic cuisine, which is showcased during an annual springtime food festival called Taste of Sunnyside where people can sample cuisines from local restaurants.
As according to the 2020 census from the New York City Department of City Planning the neighborhood were approximately equally populated by White, Hispanic, and Asian populations with each of them being between 10,000 to 19,999 residents, however there were less than 5000 Black residents.
Police and crime
Woodside, Sunnyside, and Long Island City are patrolled by the 108th Precinct of the NYPD, located at 5-47 50th Avenue. The 108th Precinct ranked 25th safest out of 69 patrol areas for per-capita crime in 2010. , with a non-fatal assault rate of 19 per 100,000 people, Sunnyside and Woodside's rate of violent crimes per capita is less than that of the city as a whole. The incarceration rate of 163 per 100,000 people is lower than that of the city as a whole.
The 108th Precinct has a lower crime rate than in the 1990s, with crimes across all categories having decreased by 88.2% between 1990 and 2018. The precinct reported 2 murders, 12 rapes, 90 robberies, 108 felony assaults, 109 burglaries, 490 grand larcenies, and 114 grand larcenies auto in 2018.
Fire safety
Sunnyside is served by the following New York City Fire Department (FDNY) fire stations:
Engine Co. 325/Ladder Co. 163–41-24 51st Street
Engine Co. 259/Ladder Co. 128/Battalion 45–33-51 Greenpoint Avenue
Health
, preterm births are more common in Sunnyside and Woodside than in other places citywide, but births to teenage mothers are less common. In Sunnyside and Woodside, there were 90 preterm births per 1,000 live births (compared to 87 per 1,000 citywide), and 14.9 births to teenage mothers per 1,000 live births (compared to 19.3 per 1,000 citywide). Sunnyside and Woodside has a high population of residents who are uninsured. In 2018, this population of uninsured residents was estimated to be 16%, which is higher than the citywide rate of 12%.
The concentration of fine particulate matter, the deadliest type of air pollutant, in Sunnyside and Woodside is , higher than the city average. Fourteen percent of Sunnyside and Woodside residents are smokers, which is equal to the city average of 14% of residents being smokers. In Sunnyside and Woodside, 20% of residents are obese, 9% are diabetic, and 23% have high blood pressure—compared to the citywide averages of 20%, 14%, and 24% respectively. In addition, 19% of children are obese, compared to the citywide average of 20%.
Ninety-two percent of residents eat some fruits and vegetables every day, which is higher than the city's average of 87%. In 2018, 79% of residents described their health as "good," "very good," or "excellent," slightly higher than the city's average of 78%. For every supermarket in Sunnyside and Woodside, there are 17 bodegas.
The nearest large hospitals in the area are the Elmhurst Hospital Center in Elmhurst and the Mount Sinai Hospital of Queens in Astoria.
Post office and ZIP Codes
Sunnyside is covered by three ZIP Codes. The area west of 39th Street is covered by 11101, while Sunnyside Gardens is located in 11104, and the area east of 45th Street is inside 11377. The United States Post Office operates the Sunnyside Station at 45-15 44th Street.
Education
Sunnyside and Woodside generally has a slightly higher ratio of college-educated residents than the rest of the city . While 45% of residents age 25 and older have a college education or higher, 19% have less than a high school education and 35% are high school graduates or have some college education. By contrast, 39% of Queens residents and 43% of city residents have a college education or higher. The percentage of Sunnyside and Woodside students excelling in math rose from 40% in 2000 to 65% in 2011, and reading achievement rose from 45% to 49% during the same time period.
Sunnyside and Woodside's rate of elementary school student absenteeism is less than the rest of New York City. In Sunnyside and Woodside, 11% of elementary school students missed twenty or more days per school year, lower than the citywide average of 20%. Additionally, 86% of high school students in Sunnyside and Woodside graduate on time, more than the citywide average of 75%.
Schools
Sunnyside contains the following public schools in both District 30 and 24. Queens Blvd serves as the border between the two districts. :
PS 150 Sunnyside (grades PK-6)
PS 199 Maurice A Fitzgerald (grades PK-5)
IS 429 (grades 6-8) - School opening Fall of 2023 in Sunnyside Gardens
IS 125 Thomas J McCann Woodside (grades 6-8)
Robert F Wagner Junior Secondary School-Arts and Technology (grades 6-12)
PS 343 The Children's Lab School (grades K-5)
Academy of Finance and Enterprise (grades 9-12)
Aviation Career & Technical Education High School(grades 9-12)
Queens Vocational and Technical High School (grades 9-12)
Library
The Queens Public Library's Sunnyside branch is located at 43-06 Greenpoint Avenue.
Community organizations
Sunnyside Community Services - 43-31 39th Street
Sunnyside Chamber of Commerce
Houses of worship
There are numerous churches and temples in Sunnyside that support its diverse religious communities.
New York Presbyterian Church, located at 43-23 37th Avenue, is historically notable; the original structure was built in 1932 as the Knickerbocker Laundry Factory.
Mosaic West Church and Community Center, located at 46-01 43rd Avenue. During the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City, local business owner Sofia Moncayo led a volunteer-run food pantry at the church.
Islamic Institute of New York, located at 55-11 Queens Boulevard.
Queen of Angels Church, located at 44-04 Skillman Avenue.
Sunnyside Reformed Church, 48-03 Skillman Avenue, has served Queens for over 125 years.
Parks and recreation
Parks in the area include:
L/Cpl. Thomas P. Noonan Playground, located between Greenpoint Avenue, 42nd Avenue, 43rd Street, and 47th Streets. The park was acquired in 1936 and commemorates Thomas P. Noonan Jr., a local resident who was killed in an ambush during the Vietnam War and posthumously honored.
Torsney Playground, located at Skillman Avenue and 43rd Street. It was built in the 1950s and honors George F. Torsney, a local politician and World War I veteran.
Sabba Park, located in the median of Queens Boulevard between 48th Street and 49th Street. It honors Joe Sabba, a World War II veteran, and was founded in 1913.
Transportation
Sunnyside is served by the on the New York City Subway's IRT Flushing Line, with 33rd Street–Rawson Street, 40th Street–Lowery Street, and 46th Street–Bliss Street in Sunnyside. The buses run through Sunnyside.
The area is connected to Manhattan via the Long Island Expressway and the Queens Midtown Tunnel and to Brooklyn via the Brooklyn-Queens Expressway.
Sunnyside is also known for the former Pennsylvania Railroad (now Amtrak) railyard known as Sunnyside Yard. It is a staging area for both Amtrak and New Jersey Transit trains leaving from Penn Station. The Penn Station Access project will include a new Long Island Rail Road and Metro-North train station in Sunnyside at Queens Boulevard along the LIRR's Main Line (into Penn Station) will provide one-stop access for area residents to Midtown Manhattan.
Notable people
Notable celebrities include Johanna Magdalena Beyer, Perry Como, Nancy Walker, Benh Zeitlin, David Horowitz, Judy Holliday, Joe Spinell, James Caan and Rudy Vallee; artist Raphael Soyer, and writers and social activists such as Lewis Mumford and Suze Rotolo. William Patrick Stuart-Houston, the nephew of Adolf Hitler, lived in Sunnyside for a brief period of time before leaving for the U.S. Navy in 1944. Former pro wrestler Chris Kanyon came from Sunnyside, as did New York City police commissioner Dermot F. Shea. Anthropologist, philosopher, and UC Berkeley professor Paul Rabinow grew up in the neighborhood.
Additionally, several other people have been involved with Sunnyside's history. The Queens-grown punk rock group The Ramones played some of their earliest gigs in Sunnyside pubs during the 1970s. In the years before World War II New York Giants star Hap Moran coached a youth football team, the Mustangs, in Sunnyside Park. Legendary jazz musician Bix Beiderbecke died at 43–30 46th Street in Sunnyside, and a plaque was erected in his honor by the Greater Astoria Historical Society.
In popular culture
Notable films shot in the area include:
The Believer
The Opportunists
Raising Helen
Sleepers
Spider-Man (some exterior scenes)
Spider-Man: Homecoming
Sunnyside (American TV series)
See also
References
External links
Sunnyside Chamber of Commerce
New York Metro: 6 Affordable Neighborhoods – Sunnyside
NYTimes: An Enclave at Once Snug and Inclusive
Greater Astoria Historical Society
Sunnyside Post, local news site for Sunnyside residents
Sunnyside Neighborhood on Queens Buzz
Neighborhoods in Queens, New York
Planned communities in the United States
1713 establishments in the Province of New York
Historic districts in Queens, New York |
Diploptalis is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. It contains only one species, Diploptalis metallescens, which is found in Nigeria.
References
Endemic fauna of Nigeria
Crambinae
Crambidae genera
Taxa named by George Hampson
Monotypic moth genera |
is a Japanese enka singer. Her singing career spanned over four decades. She married Katsuo Yamada in 1991.
Early life
Kawanaka was born Kimiko Kawanaka in Yonago, Tottori. At a young age, she moved to Suita, Osaka where she grew up.
In 1973, at age 18, she debuted as Kasuga Harumi and tried to become a pop idol with the release of the songs "Shinjuku Tenshin" and "Kantsubaki no Shima Kara". Both singles failed and she returned to Osaka to work at her mother's okonomiyaki restaurant.
In 1976, she won a contest singing "Anatani Inochi Gake". She adopted stage name Miyuki Kawanaka and launched her second debut as an enka singer. In 1980 Kawanaka's single Futarizake (ふたり酒) hit, with sales over a million copies.
Her second biggest hit, "Niren-sou" (二輪草) in 1998, which sold more than a million copies in Japan alone, spending 80 weeks in the top 100 of the oricon chart.
Kawanaka was invited to perform at the annual NHK Red and White Song Festival for 24 non-consecutive years, the 7th most on the all-time list for a female artist. Her last appearance at the prestigious programme was 2011, the 62nd edition of the show.
Discography
Original works charting in the top 100.
References
1955 births
Living people
Japanese women singers
Enka singers
Singers from Suita
Singers from Tottori Prefecture
People from Yonago, Tottori |
Self-Portrait in a Hat is an 1893 oil on canvas self portrait by Paul Gauguin, produced following a trip to Tahiti. He shows himself in his Paris studio with Spirit of the Dead Watching in the background. It is now in the Musée d’Orsay in Paris.
References
1893 paintings
Gauguin
Paintings in the Musée d'Orsay
Portraits of men
19th-century portraits
Paintings by Paul Gauguin |
Israel Stoughton (c. 1603 – 1644) was an early English colonist in Massachusetts and a colonial commander in the Pequot War. Returning to England, he served as Parliamentarian officer in the First English Civil War.
Life
Born in England, a younger brother of John Stoughton, Stoughton emigrated to the Massachusetts Colony in 1630. He settled at Dorchester near Richard Callicot's trading post. Stoughton was admitted as a freeman at Dorchester on 5 November 1633. In 1634 Stoughton was allowed to build the first mill on the Neponset River in what is now the Dorchester-Milton Lower Mills Industrial District. Stoughton was chosen as a representative for Dorchester in the Massachusetts General Court in 1634 and 1635. Stoughton had several apprentices and servants, including John Whipple.
During the height of the Antinomian Controversy in the colony, Stoughton wrote a book that attacked the colony's constitution. The book offended some members of the General Court, which barred Stoughton from holding any colony offices for three years. Stoughton later petitioned that the book be ‘forthwith burnt, as being weak and offensive.’ Despite this reversal, the General Court maintained their ban until 1636. In 1637, the General Court allowed Stoughton to become an assistant.
In 1636, war broke out between the Pequot tribe and the three New England colonies and their Native American allies. Appointed commander of the Massachusetts Colony militia, Stoughton reportedly employed brutal tactics against the Pequots. In 1637 Stoughton transported Pequot prisoners to Massachusetts to serve as servants, and Stoughton requested "the fairest and largest" of the Pequot female prisoners to be his servant. He also had African American slaves or servants, including the well-known, Dorcas ye blackmore, who joined the First Parish Church of Dorchester in 1641, and evangelized Native American servants and eventually attempted to gained her freedom with the help of the local church congregation.
In 1639 Stoughton and John Endecott acted as commissioners on behalf of Massachusetts Colony to settle a boundary dispute with Plymouth Colony.
He gave a lease for a pasture to the residents of Dedham, Massachusetts for their cattle to graze.
Toward the end of 1643, Stoughton made a brief trip to England, returning home by the beginning of 1644. In late 1644 he went to England again, never to return to Massachusetts.
With the advent of the First English Civil War, the English Parliament appointed Stoughton as a lieutenant colonel in their army. Stoughton died very soon afterwards in Lincoln.
Stoughton's children included William Stoughton, best known as the chief magistrate of the Salem witch trials in Massachusetts.
References
.
References to Israel Stoughton in the Papers of the Winthrop Family Online (Massachusetts Historical Society)
Attribution
1603 births
1644 deaths
17th-century English people
American industrialists
American slave owners
Colonial American merchants
English emigrants to Massachusetts Bay Colony
People of colonial Massachusetts
Pequot War |
Esna () is a village in Paide municipality, Järva County in northern-central Estonia. Prior to the 2017 administrative reform of local governments, it was located in Roosna-Alliku Parish.
Notable people
Ekaterina Kalinina, Estonian Old Bolshevik and spouse of the Soviet head of state Mikhail Kalinin
References
Villages in Järva County |
The 2009–10 Sevilla FC season is the club's ninth consecutive season in La Liga. Manolo Jiménez was the team coach until 24 March 2010. On 19 May 2010, Sevilla won the Copa del Rey for the fifth time.
Trophies balance
Competitive balance
Summer transfers
In
Out
Loan return
Loan out
Winter transfers
Loan in
Loan out
Youth system
Players called during season from Sevilla Atlético and Sevilla C.
Squad
Long-term injuries
On 1 January 2010, Sevilla's medical services detected some cardiac pathology in Sergio Sánchez's heart and they recommended to him to stop his activity with the team.
CAN 2010 called players
Players' statistics
Liga BBVA
Updated to 4 April 2010
Match results
All times are in GMT
Pre-season
Friendly matches
2009 Peace Cup
55th Ramón de Carranza Trophy
2nd Antonio Puerta Trophy
La Liga
With Antonio Álvarez
UEFA Champions League
Group stage
Knockout phase
Round of 16
Copa del Rey
Matches
Round of 32
Sevilla won 9–3 on aggregate.
Round of 16
Sevilla 2–2 Barcelona on aggregate. Sevilla won on away goals.
Quarter-finals
Sevilla won 3–1 on aggregate.
Semi-finals
Sevilla won 2–1 on aggregate.
Final
Others
Jiménez, sacked during the season
During 23 March's midnight, Sevilla's directive accorded to sack Manolo Jiménez after the draw obtained against Xerez, as Ramón Rodríguez Verdejo (also known as Monchi) assured to press.
Among the most significant causes include:
The aggregate defeat playing in Round of 16 in Champions League against CSKA Moscow.
The number of 3 points out of 15 between matchdays 24 and 28.
The image given by the players from the 12th matchday against Málaga (on 28 November 2009).
The loss of a style of play that took the team under the leadership of another managers (mainly between 2005–2007).
The constants injuries suffered by important players such as Luís Fabiano, Jesús Navas or Diego Capel.
The dialectical clash between Jiménez and Ramón Orellana (Sevilla FC's physical preparer) during a training season in January.
The directive was searching a new team manager for the last part of the season in foreign countries, but Antonio Álvarez will lead the team from 24 March to the end of the season. On the directive's search, Luis Aragonés and Laurent Blanc had many chances to become the new manager of Sevilla, but for the disagreement with the contract offered by José María del Nido, none of them had taken the job except Álvarez.
References
1: UEFA doesn't allow the incorporation of sponsors' names in the stadia's names.
2: Neutral venue.
3: The team that wins this variable will be qualified ahead of another with the same points but lost on goal average. If the goal average is drawn between two or more teams and, at the end of the season these teams have the same points, the overall Liga BBVA's goal average prevails over this goal average.
4: Only if the Copa del Rey winners and runners-up end the season in Champions or Europa League positions.
External links
Sevilla F.C. season 2009–10 at ESPN
2009-10 Sevilla FC season
Sevilla
Sevilla |
"Hey Oh" is a 2003 song recorded by French duet Tragédie. This R&B song was released as debut single from the album Tragédie in September 2003. It achieved a huge success in France and Belgium where it stayed at the top of the singles charts for several weeks. This song can be considered as Tragédie's signature song and the most successful single of the band. Two versions (radio edit and part II) are included on the album. The song also featured in a live version on band's album Live, released in 2005.
An earlier version of the song contains an instrumental taken from the song "Family Affair" by Mary J. Blige. Later versions used an original instrumental, which was released as a single and featured on their debut album.
The song was covered by Les Enfoirés on their album 2011: Dans l'œil des Enfoirés, and included in the medley "À la porte du Night Club". The song was performed by Amel Bent, Jenifer Bartoli, Thomas Dutronc, Grégoire, Jean-Baptiste Maunier, Yannick Noah, Jean-Michèle Laroque, MC Solaar and Pascal Obispo.
Chart performance
In France, the single went straight to number-one on 21 September 2003, and stayed there for nine non-consecutive weeks. Then it kept on dropping on the chart, totalling 14 weeks in the top ten, 18 weeks in the top 50 and 21 weeks on the chart (top 100). As of August 2014, the song was the tenth best-selling single of the 21st century in France, with 763,000 units sold.
In Belgium (Wallonia), the single went to number six on 1 November 2003 and spent eight weeks at top. It totaled 13 weeks in the top five and 21 weeks in the top 40.
Track listings
CD single
"Hey Oh" (radio edit) — 3:32
"Hey Oh" (original mix) — 4:22
7" maxi
"Hey Oh" (radio edit) — 3:32
"Hey Oh" (original mix) — 4:22
Digital download
"Hey Oh" (radio edit)
"Hey Oh" (part II)
"Hey Oh" (live)
Charts and sales
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Certifications
References
2003 songs
2003 debut singles
Ultratop 50 Singles (Wallonia) number-one singles
SNEP Top Singles number-one singles
Tragédie (duo) songs
Male vocal duets
Warner Music France singles |
In-Chul Baek (born December 20, 1961) is a South Korean former professional boxer who competed from 1980 to 1990. He held the WBA super-middleweight title from 1989 to 1990.
Boxing career
Baek became a professional boxer in 1980. He won the Oriental and Pacific Boxing Federation (OPBF) light middleweight title in 1981. His first defeat came in 1983 when Sean Mannion defeated him over ten rounds in Atlantic City, New Jersey. Baek returned to Korea and continued his winning ways. His second defeat came in his next trip to the United States, when he challenged Julian Jackson for the WBA light middleweight title in 1987. Jackson knocked him out in three rounds. Baek then moved up to the middleweight division and in his next fight won the OPBF middleweight title.
On May 28, 1988, Baek won the WBA and lineal super middleweight titles by defeating Fulgencio Obelmejias by an eleventh-round knockout. He defended the title twice before losing it to Christophe Tiozzo on March 30, 1990. Baek retired after that fight.
Professional boxing record
See also
List of Korean boxers
List of world super-middleweight boxing champions
References
External links
Baek In-chul - CBZ Profile
1961 births
Living people
South Korean male boxers
People from Cheonan
Light-middleweight boxers
Middleweight boxers
World super-middleweight boxing champions
World Boxing Association champions |
Ottum is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Josh Ottum (born 1978), American musician, songwriter, and scholar
Robert K. Ottum (1925–1986), American sports journalist and writer |
Hammam Guergour is a town and commune in Sétif Province in north-eastern Algeria.
References
Communes of Sétif Province
Sétif Province |
Shoragel, Shuragel, Shorayel, or the Sultanate of Shoragel (Russian : Шурагел, Шурагельский султанат, Azerbaijani: Şörəyel sultanlığı) was a sultanate established around 1747, in the period of Afsharid dynasty in Persia. Its area was 1037.91 versts (1181.16 km²), and the population mainly consisted of Turkic tribes of :Azerbaijan.
History
The sultanate was located in the north-west of Iravan khanate at the foot of Alagoz (Alayaz) mountain. The sultanate was surrounded by the mountains separating the Kartli-Kakheti kingdom from the north, the Talyn and Seyidli-Agsaqqalli districts from the south, and the Pembek (also known as Pambak) province and Abaran districts from the east. The Arpachay River separated the Shorayel sultanate from the Kars pashalyk. The center of the sultanate was Ertik (Artik)
The “Review Book of Iravan Province” shows the existence of 172 villages in Shoragel Sanjak (together with Pambak Province). According to the information given during the reign of Nadir Shah, there were 109 villages in Shoragel district as a part of Iravan khanate.
In 1804, Russian troops invaded Shoragel resulting in the exodus of large portion of the local :Muslim population and the final abolition of the Shoragel sultanate in 1805. Abandoned villages were eventually inhabited by the Armenian population resettled from Ottoman Empire. Those records were mentioned three decades later in the "Review of Russian possessions beyond the Caucasus" printed by Russian State Department for External Trade in 1836.
Part of the Shoragel residents, mainly Karapapakh Turks, left their lands in the wake of the Russo-Turkish war in 1807 and found refuge in the territories of Iravan khanate and Kars pashalyk.
In 1858, the Department of the General Staff of the Russian Empire notes that the Armenian population of Ottoman Empire and Persia continue moving to the empty territories of Araks, Gokche lake (currently known as Sevan) and Shuragel. Both Araks and Gokche lake were the former territories of Erivan khanate which was conquered and demolished like Shorayel (or Shoragel) sultanate in the same time period.
Rulers
Budaq sultan sultan is the last ruler of the Shoragel sultanate. On October 20, 1805, he signed a document with Pavel Tsitsianov on Shoragel's permanent subordination to Russia in Ganja city. Budag sultan had three sons named Gara Mohammad bey, Hamid bey, Khalil bey.
See also
Treaty of Gulistan
Treaty of Turkmenchay
North Caucasus
South Caucasus
Khanates of the Caucasus
Khanates of the South Caucasus
Russo-Persian Wars
Azerbaijan Democratic Republic
Azerbaijan
Erivan Governorate
References
Sources
Modern history of Azerbaijan
18th century in Armenia
19th century in Armenia
18th century in Azerbaijan
19th century in Azerbaijan
Former countries in West Asia
Russo-Persian Wars |
The IIT Delhi metro station is located on the Magenta Line of the Delhi Metro. It was opened to public on 29 May 2018.
Controversy
Indian Institute of Technology-Delhi (IIT-D) has approached the authorities to remove the mention of IIT or the coaching institute FIITJEE from the name of the Metro station near its campus, saying it could mislead students into thinking they have a tie-up. FIITJEE has become the sponsor of the soon-to-be opened Metro station opposite IIT-D. Signage installed at the station has named it FIITJEE IIT, coupling the two names.
IIT Delhi has approached the high court opposing the naming rights of a metro station near the institute being acquired by a coaching institute. High Court decided in favor of IIT and ordered to remove FIITJEE branding from the IIT Metro Station. The new signage displays only the institute's name along with that of Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS).
On this the director of IIT Delhi quoted to media "We never wanted the IIT's name to be associated with any coaching institute holding commercial interests. We are happy the issue has been settled, BIS is a good brand to be associated with as it aligns with the image of our institute. Both (IITD and BIS) set standards in their own domains", said Rao. The BIS is the national standards body of India working under the aegis of ministry of consumer affairs, food & public distribution."
History
The station
Station layout
Entry/exit
Connections
Bus
Delhi Transport Corporation bus routes number 344, 448, 448B, 448CL, 507CL, 620, 764, 764EXT, 764S, 774, AC-620, AC-764, serves the station from nearby IIT Gate bus stop.
See also
Delhi
List of Delhi Metro stations
Transport in Delhi
Delhi Metro Rail Corporation
Delhi Suburban Railway
Delhi Monorail
Delhi Transport Corporation
South East Delhi
Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
National Capital Region (India)
List of rapid transit systems
List of metro systems
References
External links
Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Ltd. – Official site
Delhi Metro Annual Reports
Railway stations in India opened in 2018
Delhi Metro stations
Railway stations in South Delhi district |
Elections to Portsmouth City Council were held on 4 May 2000. One third of the council was up for election and the Labour Party lost overall control of the council to no overall control.
After the election, the composition of the council was:
Conservative 16
Labour 15
Liberal Democrat 8
Election result
References
2000 Portsmouth election result
2000
2000 English local elections
2000s in Hampshire |
The following is a list of games taken from the Super Trio series.
Games
Super Trio |
Sri Lanka competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea.
Competitors
The following is the list of number of competitors in the Games.
Athletics
Tilaka Jinadasa
Vithanakande Samarasinghe
Men's Marathon — 2:31.29 (→ 65th place)
Shooting
Daya Rajasinghe Nadarajasingham
Swimming
Julian Boiling
Men's 400m Freestyle
Heat – 4:18.88 (→ did not advance, 46th place)
Men's 400m Individual Medley
Heat – 4:53.61 (→ did not advance, 32nd place)
Dipika Chanmugam
Women's 100m Breaststroke
Heat – 1:20.18 (→ did not advance, 38th place)
Women's 200m Breaststroke
Heat – 2:51.60 (→ did not advance, 42nd place)
Women's 200m Individual Medley
Heat – 2:33.58 (→ did not advance, 31st place)
References
Official Olympic Reports
Sri Lanka at the 1988 Seoul Summer Games
Nations at the 1988 Summer Olympics
1988
1988 in Sri Lankan sport |
Mycosphaerella coffeicola is a sexually reproducing fungal plant pathogen. It is most commonly referred to as the asexual organism Cercospora coffeicola.
Host and symptoms
There are 40 species in the genus Coffea (family Rubiaceae) that are susceptible to the disease caused by M. coffeicola, but only a few that are commercially relevant. Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) is the most significant of the susceptible species, affecting 70% of the world's coffee production. Coffea arabica ranges in growth habit from a shrub to a small tree and has ovate, shiny, pointed leaves, with clustered white flowers. The fruits begin as green berries which ripen to a deep red color. These are often called the coffee "cherries". Each fruit contains two seeds (i.e. coffee beans) in a drupe.
Symptoms of M. coffeicola vary depending on the plant organ affected. These differing symptoms help explain the various common names for the disease: Cercospora "Leaf Spot" and Cercospora "Berry Blotch" (Cercospora is reference to the deuteromycete stage). On leaves, lesions begin as chlorotic (yellow) spots that expand to become deep brown and necrotic on the upper leaf surface. These spots often have a discolored, light center where sporulation can occur, and many have a yellow "halo" around the margins. This halo is caused by the toxin cercosporin, produced by Cercospora species. Not all lesions have distinct edges or a halo, however, and some occur in concentric rings. In general, lesions of this species are able to fuse, and can form large irregular areas of necrotic tissue. Leaves may drop in extreme cases. Fruit symptoms typically appear 90 days after flowering. On green berries, this includes irregularly shaped brown, sunken lesions that are surrounded by a purple halo. Infected red cherries also have large, dark areas of sunken flesh. At this stage, fruit is susceptible to attack by opportunistic bacteria and fungi (such as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides), though symptoms from these organisms should not be falsely attributed to M. coffeicola.
Environment
Disease is often affected by the environment and the changing conditions. M. coffeicola is a tropically adapted pathogen due to its host narrow geographical range around the equator. Favorable environmental conditions around the equator are warm and humid wet seasons followed by a warm and dry season. The highest disease pressure occurs when the temperature is and continuous environmental wetness for 36–72 hours. Mornings where temperatures reach the dew point (>98% humidity) are perfect conditions for conidia to disperse. A nitrogen-deficient plant as well as a plant with excess nitrogen favors disease prevalence, making well-timed fertilizer applications important. Other factors that can increase disease incidence are insufficient shade, herbicide injury, plant stress, and other diseases caused by nematodes. The reason for increased disease is that stressed plants are more susceptible.
Disease cycle
Conidia of Mycosphaerella coffeicola are produced year-round and enter the coffee plant through stomata on the underside of a leaf, or through the epidermal cuticle on the upper leaf surface. Inter- and intracellular hyphal growth creates vegetative lesions where sporulation occurs. Conidiophores and conidia are formed here, and then dispersed by wind or by water. Conidiophores emerge in bundles of 3–30 and are often septate and branched. Conidia are elongated, multiseptate, and either straight or slightly curved. They appear glassy and have a conspicuous hilum. The spores can splash from one leaf to another, or onto flowers and berries causing secondary infections. The continuous production of conidia guarantees infection at multiple stages of plant development (in leaves, flowers, and fruit). The fungus can overwinter (i.e. survive a dry season) as conidia in dropped, infected leaves for up to two months. Once humid conditions return, conidia infect new plants or plant parts.
Management
Prevention is the most effective method of managing M. coffeicola. Risk factors for this pathogen include: prolonged (24–72 hours) humid environment, poor soil nutrition, and plant stress caused by increased planting density, herbicide injury, weeds, drought, and over irrigation. To manage humidity a farmer can prune to allow for air circulation and ensure the soil has proper drainage. In order to maintain proper plant nutrition, soil testing and a fertilization regiment are essential for combating this pathogen. Plant symptoms such as chlorosis, leaf curling, and bronzing along the edges of leaves can be used to diagnose specific nutrient deficiencies. For example, if a plant has leaves bronzed along edges, cupped down-ward; new leaves dead; eventual die back of shoot tips, then it is likely the plant has a calcium deficiency. To reduce plant stress, a farmer can use herbicides to combat weeds but must be careful not to damage the plant in process. Also to minimize competition between adjacent crops, it is important to properly space coffee plants in 8 ft. by 8 ft. areas. Stress can further be minimized if post and pre-harvest damage by machinery or laborers is avoided. To avoid wilting stress plants should be properly irrigated . However, if a crop already has M. coffeicola, copper fungicide is effective. In Hawaii, farmers often spray tri-annually, using 1.5–6 lbs of fungicide per 50–100 gallons water, containing 30–80% copper hydroxide. "Sprays should coincide with dry weather and calm winds. Three spray applications per season should suffice (occurring approximately once per month), beginning at flowering. Thorough coverage of the plant canopy is very important. Large farms in Hawai‘i utilize tractor-mounted mist blowers."
Importance
Coffee is the 15th most valuable traded commodity in the world. There are approximately 25 million farmers and coffee workers in over 50 countries involved in producing coffee around the world. M. coffeicola is present throughout the world and can account for yield losses as high as 15% annually. In parts of Puerto Rico nearly 50% of cultivated coffee acres are affected by this disease, resulting in yield losses around 15%. Due to the fact Mycosphaerella coffeicola proliferates in a sustained warm, humid environment, M. coffeicola is most prevalent in the low-elevation Central American farms where high daily average temperatures and high humidity are observed. Literature suggests that M. coffeicola is not a significant problem in Ethiopia and Uganda, Africa's top coffee-producing countries. Conversely, M. coffeicola is common in Hawaii but not economically important due to proper management practices and the environment does not have the prolonged humid environment necessary for proliferation.
Pathogenesis
The genus Cercospora shows a wide variety of infection processes; even a single species can show different patterns on different hosts. One unifying factor is that species of Cercospora produce a photoactivated perylenequinone called cercosporin. In the dark, cercosporin lacks toxicity but when exposed to light, it is converted into a toxic form of activated oxygen. This damages membrane lipids resulting in cell death and nutrient leakage. The pathogen uses the leaked nutrients as an energy source. M. coffeicola is a wind-borne pathogen that utilizes cercosporin to infect both the berries and leaves of the coffee plant. Lesions on infected berries produce conidia 17 days after inoculation. If on the leaves, conidia are produced 38 days after inoculation.
After the spores land on the plant surface, one to several germ tubes are produced. The germ tubes aggregate and penetrate the plant via the stomata or cracks in the leaf surface. The fungus can survive 36 days as conidia and 218 days as mycelium, which suggests that M. coffeicola overwinters in lesions. On berries, the lesions are tan and sunken and can occur while the berry is green. As the lesion matures, it becomes deeply depressed with an ashy center and may penetrate down to the coffee bean to affect the bean quality and taste. If on mature fruits, the lesion measures 1–4 mm in diameter.
There is conflicting information if fungal strains on berries can infect leaves and vice versa.
See also
List of Mycosphaerella species
References
Fungi described in 1880
Fungi of Africa
Fungi of Central America
Fungi of North America
Fungal plant pathogens and diseases
coffeicola |
The 2008 Men's European Volleyball League was the fifth edition of the European Volleyball League, organised by Europe's governing volleyball body, the CEV. The final Four was held in Bursa, Turkey from 19 to 20 July 2008.
For the first time Great Britain joined the competition and it will also enter it as a unified team as a result of a FIVB decision which allows the United Kingdom to play as a unified team in order to prepare for the next 2012 Summer Olympics in London. Austria and Belarus also joined the European League for the first time.
The tournament was won by Slovakia, defeating the Netherlands by 3–1 in the finals.
Competing nations
Squads
League round
Pool A
Pool B
Final four
Semi-finals
3rd place match
Final
Final standing
Awards
Most valuable player
Martin Sopko
Best scorer
György Grozer
Best spiker
Volkan Güç
Best blocker
Tomas Kmet
Best server
Martin Sopko
Best setter
Yannick van Harskamp
Best receiver
Ferdinand Tille
Best libero
Jelte Maan
References
Official website
European Volleyball League
E
Men's European Volleyball League
League
Sport in Bursa |
Fathabad (, also Romanized as Fatḩābād) is a village in Eresk Rural District of Eresk District, Boshruyeh County, South Khorasan province, Iran.
At the 2006 National Census, its population was 378 in 104 households, when it was in the former Boshruyeh District of Ferdows County. The following census in 2011 counted 344 people in 104 households, by which time the district had been separated from the county and Boshruyeh County established. The latest census in 2016 showed a population of 317 people in 105 households; it was the largest village in its rural district.
References
Boshruyeh County
Populated places in Boshruyeh County |
Sarah Jankovska (born 13 August 1999) is a Danish football player who plays as a midfielder for Dijon in France top-division Division 1 Féminine and for the Danish national team.
International career
She has appeared for the Danish national junior team, several times. In November 2018, she made her debut for the Denmark women's national under-23 football team, against Finland.
Jankovska made her debut for the Denmark national team on 27 February 2019 at the 2019 Algarve Cup against the Noreay, as substitute for Pernille Harder.
Personal life
Jankovska is of Macedonian descent and she received Danish citizenship in 2018.
References
External links
Sarah Jankovska at Soccerdonna
1999 births
Living people
Danish women's footballers
Denmark women's international footballers
Women's association football midfielders
Footballers from Copenhagen |
Alex Hernandez (born 27 September 1978) is a Cuban-American science fiction writer based in South Florida. The first of his extensive Cuban family to be born in the United States, Hernandez writes in a genre of his own making, which he calls Transhuman Mambo (also the title of his 2013 short story collection). According to Hernandez this neologism is based on the popular coupling of a scientific term with a musical form (e.g. space opera), which accurately describes the combination of his love of science fiction with the Cuban culture of his upbringing. Deeply influenced as a child by the work of Isaac Asimov, Hernandez connected in a personal way to this immigrant whose first language was also not English. Discovering the novels of Octavia E. Butler while in college had an equally profound impact on his writing.
Hernandez got his start writing indie webcomics in the early 2000s. He is known for his work on the open source character, Jenny Everywhere. He also has an extensive list of creator-owned work such as Eleggua, Thoth Boy, Kobuta, Children of Mars.
Whilst working as an administrator of the Miami Dade College Library, Hernandez has published a number of short stories in science fiction publications, including “A Thing with Soft Bonds”, which was included in Near Kin: A Collection of Words and Art Inspired by Octavia E. Butler (2014) and which was nominated for a Pushcart Prize. Most recently, his story “Caridad” was included in Latin@ Rising An Anthology of Latin@ Science Fiction and Fantasy, Wings Press, 2017. Hernandez's short stories have also appeared in the popular and long-running Man-Kzin Wars series created by Larry Niven published by Baen Books. Others of his stories have been published at Baen.com, The Colored Lens, and Interstellar Fiction.
Alex Hernandez, along with Matthew David Goodwin and Sarah Rafael Garcia, edited Speculative Fiction for Dreamers, a collection of YA Latinx speculative fiction. The anthology will be published by Ohio State University Press, slated to be released in August 2021.
Hernandez is a third cousin of Orlando Ortega-Medina, the author of Jerusalem Ablaze: Stories of Love and Other Obsessions.
Novels
Tooth and Talon (2017)
Short stories
"Bound for the Promised Land," published in Man-Kzin Wars XIII, Baen Books, 2012.
"At the Gates," published in Man-Kzin Wars XIII, Baen Books, 2012.
"Beasts on the Shore of Light," The Colored Lens, Issue #3, 2012.
"Murder of Crows," Baen.com, 2012.
"Tread Lightly," Interstellar Fiction, 2013.
"Lions on the Beach," published in Man-Kzin Wars XIV, Baen Books, 2013.
"A Thing of Soft Bonds," published in Near Kin: A Collection of Words and Art Inspired by Octavia Estelle Butler, Sybaritic Press, 2014.
"The Properties of Water," Bastion Science Fiction Magazine, Issue #4, 2014.
"Of Radiation and Reunion," Whiteside Review, 2015.
"The Jicotea Princess," Three-lobed Burning Eye (3LBE), Issue #28, 2016.
"Caridad," published in Latin@ Rising: An Anthology of Latin@ Science Fiction and Fantasy, Wings Press, 2017.
"A Sea-Change," published in MAÑANA: Latinx Comics From the 25th Century, POWER & MAGIC PRESS, 2021.
"Arzadu and the Sea," published in Upon a Twice Time, Air and Nothingness Press, 2021.
Poetry
"Cien Mil Soles," published in Multiverse – an international anthology of science fiction poetry, The New Curiosity Shop, 2018.
"Playground Rule # 5: Play Nicely Together," published in Poeticdiversity (vol. 16 no. 2) , 2019.
"Emergence," published in Eccentric Orbits: An Anthology Of Science Fiction Poetry, Volume 2, Dimensionfold Publishing , 2021.
References
American people of Cuban descent
Living people
American science fiction writers
Cuban science fiction writers
1978 births |
RNLB Henry Blogg (ON 840) was the eighteenth lifeboat to be stationed at Cromer in the county of Norfolk.
ON 840 was stationed at Cromer from 1945 until 1966.
History
In 1945 after 10 years service which included busy service through the second world war H F Bailey ON777 was replaced with a new No 1 lifeboat in December 1945 named The Millie Walton (ON 840). This lifeboat had originally been destined for Douglas on the Isle of Man and had only been sent to Cromer for evaluation. Millie Walton was a Watson-class lifeboat but had a new midship steering position which the Cromer crew found much to their liking and so after request from the Cromer crew she remained at Cromer. In 1948 Millie Walton was renamed Henry Blogg in homage to Cromer’s famous lifeboat man Henry Blogg who was the Coxswain. Henry Blogg made his last voyage on the Millie Walton under the new coxswain Henry "Shrimp" Davies on 4 September 1948 at the age of 71. The call was to the rescue of the steam trawler Balmoral and 11 lives were saved. Henry Blogg retired after 53 years service with the service and he was the holder of the most awards by the RNLI.
Notable rescues
Francois Tixier
In heavy seas on 8 July 1948 a French steamer by the name of Francois Tixier Bound from Goole to the French inland port of Rouen, got into difficulties of the north Norfolk coast four miles (6 km) off Sheringham. The steamer was laden with a cargo of coal and in worsening gale she capsized. With the Sheringham lifeboat undergoing a refit at Oulton Broad, Henry Blogg was launched to the steamer's aid and stood by. With the Francois Tixier heavily listing on the port the lifeboat went alongside but the captain and his crew refused to leave the stricken vessel. Despite the attempts by the crew to secure the cargo, it shifted further to port. With their failed attempts to steady the vessel the captain and crew agreed to leave their ship. One crew man jumped into the water and was rescued; another reached the lifeboat by rope passed between the boats. Using a Breeches buoy, eight more of the crew were rescued. After the eleventh crewman was rescued using the breeches buoy the stricken steamer rolled over and began to sink. The last five remaining crew scrambled on to the stern and as the steamer slipped below the waves they scrambled on to a raft and were picked up by the lifeboat shortly after. The sixteen rescued French seaman were landed at Great Yarmouth by the Henry Blogg. In recognition of their efforts Coxswain Henry Davies and his crew were presented with awards by the French government.
Sheringham lifeboat Forester's Centenary
On 31 May 1958 Henry Blogg took part in an unusual rescue when she was called to aid the Sheringham lifeboat Forester's Centenary. This service began with a call at 9.50am to the Sheringham honorary secretary from the Trinity House Superintendent of Great Yarmouth requesting that a sick man be taken off the Dudgeon Light-vessel. At 10.15am the Sheringham lifeboat Forester's Centenary was launched with a doctor on board and she reached the light-vessel by 1.10pm. The doctor went aboard the light-vessel and dispensed a sedative to the sick man and he was then strapped to a stretcher and transferred to the Forester's Centenary. The lifeboat then set off on the return journey to her station. Nine miles north east from home at around 4.40pm the Forester's Centenary was in trouble when her skew gear which drives the lifeboat's oil and water pumps broke down. Henry Blogg was called out and had to take the Sheringham lifeboat in to tow. Both boats arrived back at the Sheringham station at 7.00pm and the sick man was taken to hospital.
Service and rescues
Gallery
References
Cromer lifeboats
Watson-class lifeboats |
"Sparks" is the third single recorded by Barbados-based pop group Cover Drive. The song was released on 29 April 2012 as a digital download in the United Kingdom, taken from their debut album Bajan Style.
Music video
A music video to accompany the release of "Sparks" was first released on YouTube on 16 March 2012 at a total length of three minutes and three seconds.
Critical reception
Lewis Corner of Digital Spy gave the song a positive review stating:
"It's just another night, the boys are getting hype/ But baby in my head, I'm there with you instead," T-Ray bluntly confesses over a clap-happy beat and smooth synths, before Amanda on a wibbly-lipped chorus that will grab your ears and refuse to let go. With a hook more seductive than a heartthrob vampire, we suspect Cover Drive will have the public under their charms once again. .
Track listing
Chart performance
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Release history
References
2012 singles
Cover Drive songs
Polydor Records singles
Pop ballads
Songs written by Wayne Hector
Songs written by Steve Mac
Song recordings produced by Steve Mac
2011 songs |
The is an archaeological site containing the ruins of a late Japanese Paleolithic period (approximately 12,000 BCE) settlement located in what is now the village of Minamimaki, Nagano in the Chūbu region of Japan. It was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1995.
Overview
The site is located on the left bank of the Yade River, a tributary of the Chikuma River, at the end of the Nobeyama Plateau which extends to the southeastern foot of Mount Yatsugatake. The site is at an elevation of over 1300 meters. It was discovered in 1953 and excavated by Japanese archeologist Chosuke Serizawa, who identified it as the first microlithic cultural site to be found in Japan. During the Upper Paleolithic period, roughly until 13,000 years ago, the shapes and types of stone tools, such as stone axes, spears, and microlith blades evolved due to rapid changes in the environment, which resulted in changes in the fauna available for hunting. Microliths, thin and razor-shape blades of stone which were used by embedding into shafts of wood or bone, appears towards the end of the Upper Paleolithic.
The site was subsequently excavated in 1954, 1963, and 1981, and many microlith blades, microlith cores, and carvings, scrapers, and many finely-sharpened stone blades made of obsidian were discovered. The relics have been excavated from a depth of about 20 centimeters. Of the 1792 rare stone blades discovered in Japan, 781 are from this site. From the large amount of knapping debris remaining in the area, it is believed that the site was a production area for stone blades over many years. Numerous ruins extend on both banks of the Yadegawa River over a three kilometer length, forming one of the largest archaeological sites centered on the end of the pre-earthenware era in Japan . The 1983 survey classified these ruins into ten groups with 68 sites and estimated that the settlements date from around 14,000 years ago.
Although sources of obsidian are common in the area, the discovery of many obsidian artifacts using obsidian from Kōzushima in the Izu Islands has posed a major mystery for archaeologists.
The site is now an empty field with a signpost; however, some of the artifacts discovered are on display at the , approximately two minutes on foot from Nobeyama Station on the Koumi Line.
See also
List of Historic Sites of Japan (Nagano)
References
External links
MInamimaki village official site
Meiji University excavation report
Japan Paleolithic Society
Minamimaki Village Art and Folklore Museum
History of Nagano Prefecture
Minamimaki, Nagano
Historic Sites of Japan
Paleolithic sites in Japan |
The Fort Worth Masonic Temple is a Masonic Temple located at 1100 Henderson Street, Fort Worth, Texas. Designed by Wiley G. Clarkson, the Neoclassical/early PWA Art Moderne structure was completed in 1931 and has largely remained unchanged. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2017 as Masonic Temple.
History
Masonic bodies have existed within the city of Fort Worth since April 1854 with the founding of Lodge #148. William Stevenson Cooke purchased a four-block parcel of land in 1923 as a central meeting location for the city's various Masonic groups as part of an effort to consolidate all downtown lodges and orders under one roof. In 1926, a committee was formed to pool resources for a building.
The original plans for Fort Worth's Masonic Temple were drafted by the architectural firm of Wiley G. Clarkson & Co. The Masonic Building Association called for an “imposing, one million dollar building of monumental character” with a stone exterior in classic Greek design. The stock market crash of 1929 forced the construction committee to accept a downsized plan, with an adjusted budget of $625,000. Groundbreaking ceremonies commenced on November 14, 1930, and construction was completed on September 16, 1931. The building exhibits an amalgamation Neo-classical styling with Art moderne influences and features upper-story Ionic columns and monel alloy bas-relief doors. It features two grand staircases at the main entrance which leads to a terrace. The main doors depict the three Ancient Grand Masters of Masonic legend, King Solomon, Hiram, King of Tyre, and Hiram Abif.
The Temple was dedicated to WS Cooke's memory upon his passing in 1951. During the Cold War the building was designated a Civil Defense Fallout Shelter (a marking still adorns the southern entrance of the temple). The building became a recorded Texas historical landmark in 1984. In 2017 the Masonic Temple was added to the National Register of Historic Places.
Historical Artifacts
Several historical artifacts are housed within the temple. Of note is a bell cast in London, England in 1782, one of the oldest historical artifacts in Fort Worth. The bell was brought out to Texas by Lawrence Steele and used as a dinner bell for the Hotel Steele. Later it was used as a tolling bell for the First Ward School, the city's earliest elementary school building.
Users
The Fort Worth Masonic Temple is home to four Craft Lodges and several Masonic appendant bodies & youth organizations in Tarrant County:
Fort Worth Masonic Lodge #148, AF&AM
Julian Field Masonic Lodge #908, AF&AM
Cooke-Peavy Masonic Lodge #1162, AF&AM
Panther City Masonic Lodge #1183, AF&AM
Fort Worth Scottish Rite (Valley of Fort Worth)
Texas Chapter #362, Royal Arch Masons of Texas
Texas Council #321, Royal and Select Masters of Texas
Worth Commandery #19, Knights Templar
Moslah Shriners
El Texa Grotto M.O.V.P.E.R.
H. Malvern Marks Chapter, Order of DeMolay
Fort Worth #15, The International Order of Rainbow Girls
The facility is also available for rent to the general public.
See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Tarrant County, Texas
Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks in Tarrant County
References
External links
Fort Worth Architecture: The Masonic Center
Buildings and structures in Fort Worth, Texas
1932 establishments in Texas
Masonic buildings completed in 1932
Masonic buildings in Texas
National Register of Historic Places in Tarrant County, Texas
Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks
National Register of Historic Places in Fort Worth, Texas |
Hibbertia decumbens is a species of flowering plant in the family Dilleniaceae and is endemic to a restricted area of New South Wales. It is a spreading, almost prostrate shrub with hairy foliage, egg-shaped to almost round leaves, and yellow flowers usually with nine to twelve stamens arranged in a group on one side of two carpels.
Description
Hibbertia decumbens is a spreading to almost prostrate shrub that typically grows to a height of up to , the foliage covered with simple and star-like hairs. The leaves are egg-shaped with the narrower end towards the base to almost round, long and wide on a petiole long. The flowers are arranged on the ends of branchlets on a peduncle long, with linear bracts long. The five sepals are joined at the base, the sepal lobes long. The five petals are egg-shaped to wedge-shaped with the narrower end towards the base, bright yellow, long with a notch at the tip. There are usually nine to twelve stamens arranged in one group alongside the two woolly-hairy carpels, each carpel with two ovules. Flowering occurs from October to January.
Taxonomy
Hibbertia decumbens was first formally described in 1998 by Hellmut R. Toelken in the Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens from specimens collected near Wentworth Falls in 1987. The specific epithet (decumbens) means prostrate, but with rising tips.
Distribution and habitat
This hibbertia grows on sandstone ledges in a few locations in the Blue Mountains.
See also
List of Hibbertia species
References
decumbens
Flora of New South Wales
Plants described in 1998
Taxa named by Hellmut R. Toelken |
The 2008 Kansas State Wildcats football team (variously "K-State" or "KSU") represented Kansas State University in the 2008 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Wildcats played their home games in Bill Snyder Family Stadium. The head coach was Ron Prince, who was in his third and final season at the helm of the Wildcats. The 2008 signing class was one that saw 26 signees, including 19 junior college transfers.
The schedule kicked off with four non-conference games, including a first ever trip to Louisville, Kentucky to face the Louisville Cardinals. After the non-conference schedule, K-State headed into Big 12 Conference play with Texas Tech, and ended the season with Iowa State.
Schedule
Game summaries
North Texas
Josh Freeman was dominant throwing 3 touchdown passes and running for two more scores in an impressive with over Sun Belt Conference member UNT. K-State scored on 6 of their first 7 possessions and held the Mean Green to 205 total yards. Kansas State was favored by 24½ going into the game.
Montana State
Kansas State quarterback Josh Freeman ran for two scores and threw for two more and K-State returned two blocked punts for touchdowns for the first time in school history in a 69-10 rout of Montana State. Kansas State also scored on a fumble recovery while ringing up their most points since a school-record 76-0 pounding of Ball State in 2000. Freeman hit 16 of 21 passes for 288 yards, including two 36-yard touchdown strikes, before being lifted midway through the third quarter in favor of back-up Carson Coffman. While rolling up 481 total yards, the Wildcats averaged 7.3 yards per play.
Louisville
Kansas State traveled to Louisville, Kentucky for the first time in the program's history and did not fare well. Kansas State was favored by 4 going into the game.
Josh Freeman went 22-42, threw for 313 yards, 3 TD's, and two interceptions. K-State scored on a spectacular 86-yard punt return by Deon Murphy but it wasn't enough. Receiver Brandon Banks continued to shine as he caught seven balls for 153 yards and two touchdowns. The defense was clearly the issue, giving up 578 yards to the Cardinals, including 303 rushing yards. Freeman broke the Kansas State career completions record of 501 held by Lynn Dickey (1968–70).
Louisiana-Lafayette
Kansas State was favored by 21 points going into the game.
The Wildcats took on Louisiana-Lafayette for first time since the 2004 season. The Wildcats won that game by a score of 40-20. The last time K-State lost at home to an unranked non-conference opponent was in 2004 against Fresno State.
Josh Freeman broke K-State's career yardage record and threw three TD's to help the Wildcats beat Louisiana-Lafayette 45-37.
Freeman was 21-of-28 for 272 yards and has 6,238 career yards to eclipse Lynn Dickey for number 1 all-time on the Kansas State list. With 35 touchdowns passes, he's two short of Ell Roberson’s school record.
Freeman, a 6-foot-6, 250-pound junior who has started every game since his freshman year, also ran for two TDs. He threw TDs of 12 and 3 yards to Deon Murphy in the first half and connected with Brandon Banks on a 53-yard scoring play that made it 42-23 with 1:49 left in the third.
Lamark Brown, who has been a wide receiver since coming to K-State, started at running back and had 137 yards, including a 3-yard TD that put Kansas State on top 35-17 in the third quarter.
Texas Tech
Coming into the game, K-State had lost the last 3 of 4 to the Red Raiders. Their last win against Texas Tech was in 2000 in Manhattan. Texas Tech was favored by 7.
K-State was completely outmatched in the game, with the defense giving up 626 yards. It was the third consecutive game that the Wildcats gave up more than 600 yards on defense.
Graham Harrell threw six touchdown passes and shattered the Texas Tech record for career yards passing, leading the No. 7 Red Raiders past Kansas State 58-28 in the teams' Big 12 Conference opener.
Lyle Leong snared three touchdown passes from Harrell, who was 38-for-51 for 454 yards. Texas Tech (5-0, 1-0 Big 12), with its highest ranking in 32 years, scored on seven straight possessions and did not attempt a punt until Taylor Potts replaced Harrell late in the fourth quarter.
Heisman candidate Michael Crabtree had nine catches for 107 yards and two TDs.
The Red Raiders, leading the nation in total offense (572.8 yards per game), and passing (426.2), had 417 and 316 while putting up a 38-14 halftime lead.
The six TD passes tied the career-best for Harrell, who spread his passes around to 10 different receivers. The three-year starter ran his career total to 12,709 yards, erasing the record of 12,429 yards by Kliff Kingsbury from 1999-02.
Facing fourth-and-inches from their own 29 late in the first quarter, the Red Raiders sent Shannon Woods on a sweep. But he was stuffed, and four plays later, Kansas State quarterback Josh Freeman scored on a 1-yard run, knotting the game 14-all.
A moment later, Texas Tech's Richard Jones recovered Lamark Brown’s fumble on the Kansas State 34 and Baron Batch made it 58-21 on a 9-yard run.
On successive possessions in the second quarter, Harrell led quick-hitting drives of 53, 70 and 54 yards. Freeman, in the meantime, went cold, misfiring on 9 of 10 passes, several of which Tech defenders got their hands on.
The Kansas State junior, who a week earlier had become his own school's career passing leader, was 13-for-28 for 170 yards, including a 33-yard TD pass to Ernie Pierce. Pierce also scored on an 18-yard return of a blocked punt late in the game.
Kansas State has now lost 4 out of the last 5 games against Texas Tech. The two teams will play again in 2009 in Lubbock. Texas Tech leads the all-time series 6-3.
Texas A&M
K-State had lost four games in a row to Texas A&M going into the game. Their last win against the Aggies came in 1997. The last win at Kyle Field came in 1996. Kansas State was favored by 3 going into the game.
Kansas State junior quarterback Josh Freeman completed 21 of 26 passes and ran for four touchdowns as Kansas State snapped its five-game losing streak to Texas A&M with a 44-30 win.
Courtney Herndon returned a blocked punt for a touchdown for the Wildcats (4-2, 1-1 Big 12), who moved the ball at will in the first half and led 27-10 at the break.
Sophomore quarterback Jerrod Johnson tried to rally the Aggies, but the comeback stalled when Kansas State's defense stuffed Jorvorskie Lane twice at the goal line midway through the fourth quarter.
Freeman led a 98-yard drive the other way and sealed the win on a short touchdown run with 4:37 left.
Johnson, starting again for the injured Stephen McGee, completed 29 of 41 passes for a school-record 419 yards. He also ran for a score and finished with 487 total yards, also a school record.
The Aggies (2-4), dropped to 0-2 in the Big 12 for the first time.
The Wildcats found the end zone on their opening drive for the fourth time this season. Freeman threw a 32-yard pass to Brandon Banks before scoring on a 12-yard run just over three minutes into the game.
Kansas State forced a punt by Justin Brantly, who was blocked by linebacker Reggie Walker. Herndon's touchdown made it 13-3. The Wildcats have returned four blocked punts for touchdowns this season.
The Wildcats glided down the field again on their next possession. Logan Dold finished the drive with a 4-yard TD run. Freeman went 6-for-7 and scampered for 12 yards on a fourth-and-1 from the Aggies 28.
Freeman finished a quick drive with another touchdown run with 4:20 left in the half. At that point, the Wildcats had 269 total yards and were averaging 7.7 yards per play.
On fourth down from the 1, Lane barreled into the end zone for his first touchdown of the season. Lane set two school records with his 46th career touchdown and his 45th rushing. He had been tied with Darren Lewis for first on both lists.
The Aggies drove to the Kansas State 2 early in the fourth quarter, but Lane was gang-tackled on third and fourth down.
After Kansas State's 98-yard drive, Johnson threw a 23-yard touchdown pass to Goodson. The Wildcats recovered the ensuing onside kick near midfield and Freeman scored again with 1:14 left.
Johnson threw a 55-yard touchdown pass to Tannehill in the final minute.
Colorado
Going into the game, K-State had beaten Colorado two years in a row, including a win in Boulder in 2006. Colorado was favored by 3½. Colorado leads the all-time series 43-19-1.
The Colorado Buffaloes found an answer to their quarterback troubles, turning to freshman Tyler Hansen, who sparked them to a 14-13 win.
Cody Hawkins, the son of Buffs coach Dan Hawkins, was benched and switched offensive series with Tyler Hansen.
Although Hawkins mostly handed off to Rodney Stewart (29 carries for 141 yards), he also hit J.R. Smith for 22 yards on third-and-15 from his own 29 on the drive.
His fourth-and-4 pass to Smith, however, fell incomplete and Kansas State took over at its own 31 with 59 seconds remaining.
Josh Freeman’s fourth-down desperation heave to Brandon Banks at the Buffs’ 20-yard line was broken up by free safety Ryan Walters on the last play of the game.
Hansen finished a modest 7-of-14 for 71 yards with one touchdown and one interception, but he also ran 19 times for 86 yards, bringing a dimension that Hawkins doesn't have. Hawkins was 6-of-11 for 35 yards.
Trailing 6-0 and in need of a spark to break out of their monthlong slump, Hansen entered the game and promptly fumbled his first snap out of bounds. But on third-and-12 from his 28, Hansen gained 13 yards on a draw play and suddenly the Buffs, who snapped a three-game skid, had the momentum.
He drove them to the Kansas State 4, where Hawkins re-entered and handed off to Stewart, who ran into the end zone to give Colorado a 7-6 lead.
The next time Hansen drove the Buffs downfield, Hawkins stayed on the sideline and Hansen hit Scotty McKnight with a 21-yard touchdown pass down the left sideline for a 14-6 lead.
Brooks Rossman kicked field goals of 37 and 53 yards but was wide right from 47 yards and wide left from 42 in the first half.
The Wildcats pulled to 14-13 when Freeman scored untouched on 17-yard keeper early in the third quarter.
Colorado had a chance to pad its slim lead but Aric Goodman's 47-yard field goal try sailed wide right at the last moment. Goodman's 48-yard attempt in the first half was blocked by Ian Campbell, Kansas State's seventh block in seven games, best in the nation.
Oklahoma
Going into the game, K-State had lost four regular season games in a row to OU (2000, 2001, 2004 and 2005). K-State has now lost three games in a row to the Sooners. The Wildcats' last regular season win against the Sooners came in 1997 (and another win in 1996), though the Wildcats beat the Sooners in the 2003 Big 12 Championship Game, after losing in 2000 to OU in the Championship game. Oklahoma now leads the all-time series, 69-17-4. The game was scheduled for the 2008 Homecoming game. OU was favored by 19.
DeMarco Murray racked up 167 total yards and four touchdowns, and No. 4 Oklahoma sustained a 21-point Kansas State rally in the highest-scoring first half in school history to beat the Wildcats 58-35.
Sam Bradford added three TD passes in the first half in which the Sooners (7-1, 4-1 Big 12) give up a 28-7 lead before taking control by scoring 27 consecutive points.
The capper was a 68-yard punt return touchdown by redshirt freshman Ryan Broyles that gave the Sooners a 55-28 halftime lead. That total matched the school record for points in a half, set in the second half of Oklahoma's 76-0 shutout of the Wildcats in 1942.
Josh Freeman threw for a career-high 478 yards for K-State, with all three of his touchdown passes coming as the Wildcats charged back to tie it at 28.
But with 8 minutes left in the half, the Sooners found time to score four touchdowns.
Murray ended up running for 104 yards on 17 carries and making four catches for 63 yards, with two touchdowns each way. Chris Brown ran 20 times for 142 yards and one touchdown.
Bradford, who came in completing 71 percent of his passes, went only 13-for-32 for 255 yards. The 40 percent completion rate was the lowest of his career and only the second time more than half of his passes were incomplete.
Oklahoma looked as if it might cruise after snuffing out K-State's deceptive onside kick attempt after its first touchdown. After tailback Logan Dold threw an 8-yard touchdown pass to Deon Murphy on a trick play, kicker Brooks Rossman took a designed fall on his approach to the tee and backup Jared Parker kicked the ball instead.
The ball squirted loose momentarily before Jermaine Gresham pounced on it for the Sooners. Murray caught a 15-yard touchdown pass two plays later to make it 21-7, and Brown's 11-yard run stretched the lead to 21.
Freeman rallied K-State back with touchdown passes on three straight drives — a 77-yarder to Brandon Banks, a 29-yarder to Jeron Mastrud and a 9-yarder to Murphy to tie it up at 28.
Freeman's second touchdown pass pushed him past Ell Roberson’s school record for TDs in a career. Freeman now has 38 career touchdown passes and his single game passing total ranked only behind Chad May’s 489 yards against Nebraska in 1993.
Kansas
The game was the 106th meeting between Kansas and Kansas State. Kansas has now won three years in a row, and four out of the last five. The Wildcats last beat the Jayhawks in Lawrence in 2002, by a score of 64-0. Heading into the game, the Jayhawks were favored by 8½.
Lamark Brown rushed for three scores but was outdone by KU running back Jake Sharp had 257 total yards and tied a school record with four touchdowns, as Kansas defeated Kansas State 52-21.
Kansas (6-3, 3-2 Big 12) was reeling after giving up more than 1,200 yards in losses to Oklahoma and Texas Tech the previous two weeks. The Jayhawks bounced back quickly, defeating Kansas State (4-5, 1-4).
Kansas ran for six touchdowns—one short of the school record—and harassed Kansas State quarterback Josh Freeman into four turnovers, giving him 14 during Kansas’ first three-game winning streak in the Sunflower Showdown since 1988-90.
Brown was the only bright spot for Kansas State, scoring on runs of 4, 11 and 1 yards, though all three came after the game was out of reach.
Sharp had 118 yards on nine carries and scored on runs of 4, 20 and 47 yards in the first quarter to put Kansas up 21-0. Sharp added a 2-yard touchdown run in the third to put Kansas up 45-7 and finished with a career-best 181 yards rushing. He also caught five passes for 76 yards.
On the other side of the ball, Kansas gave Freeman fits—again.
The junior had five interceptions and four fumbles his first two games against Kansas, and had given the ball away three more times before the first half was over in this one.
Freeman threw an interception on his third pass attempt of the game, the ball fluttering into the hands of Kansas’ Russel Brorsen at the Jayhawks’ 42 after he was hit from behind by defensive end Jake Laptad. Sharp scored 70 seconds later, bursting off right tackle on a 20-yard run.
Freeman finally got the Wildcats going late in the second quarter, converting a pair of fourth downs to get the Wildcats to the 1-yard line, only to lose the ball while trying to reach over the goal line. Kansas recovered and methodically marched 80 yards for a 15-yard touchdown run by quarterback Todd Reesing to go up 31-0.
Freeman's third turnover of the first half came on a Hail Mary pass in the end zone after Kansas State knocked down Jacob Branstetter's 33-yard field goal try, its nation-best eighth blocked kick of the season. Freeman also fumbled in the third quarter—Kansas State recovered—and threw his third interception in the fourth.
Missouri
K-State had beaten Mizzou 13 years in a row (including 14 of 15 years from 1991 to 2005). Mizzou finally ended the Wildcat dominance with wins in 2006, 2007 and 2008.
Jeremy Maclin scored three touchdowns and totaled 278 all-purpose yards, helping No. 13 Missouri shake off a slow start in its home finale and beat Kansas State 41-24 to grab first place in the Big 12 North.
Missouri (8-2, 4-2 Big 12) took control with 17 points in the final 5:46 of the half, including a pair of touchdown passes from Chase Daniel to Maclin. Maclin had eight receptions for 118 yards and two TDs, four carries for 84 yards and a third TD on a 56-yard jaunt on a direct snap.
Kansas State (4-6, 1-5) has lost five of six under head coach Ron Prince, the latest setback coming only three days after Prince was fired effective at the end of the season.
It was a familiar feeling of helplessness for the Kansas State defense, burned by Maclin as a freshman last year for three touchdowns and a school-record 360 yards total offense in Manhattan, Kan. Maclin entered the game averaging 189.67 all-purpose yards, second in the nation.
Kansas State scored twice, Brandon Banks’ 93-yard run and a 3-yard touchdown pass from Carson Coffman to Banks—in the final 1:11 to make the final appear respectable.
Missouri is 11-2 against the North the last three seasons and can clinch its second straight Big 12 championship game berth next week with a victory at Iowa State combined with a Kansas loss at home against No. 5 Texas.
Kansas State trailed 24-3 at the half and barely avoided getting shut out in the first 30 minutes for the second straight game, getting a 43-yard field goal from Brooks Rossman on the final play.
Nebraska
All-time, Nebraska leads the series 76-15-2. In 1998, K-State beat Nebraska in Manhattan for the first time since 1959. The Wildcats last beat Nebraska in 1968 (in Lincoln). Since then, K-State had beaten Nebraska four games in a row in Manhattan (wins in 1998, 2000, 2002 and 2004). Nebraska finally won in Manhattan in 2006 for the first time since 1996. Nebraska was favored by 6½ points going into the 2008 game.
Junior Brandon Banks tallied 167 yards in kick returns, including a 98-yard touchdown jaunt, as Kansas State dropped a 56-28 decision to Nebraska.
Nebraska senior quarterback Joe Ganz accounted for 365 total yards and four touchdowns and the Cornhuskers (7-4, 4-3 Big 12) dropped Kansas State for the fourth straight year.
The Huskers did it with a balanced attack this time, punishing the Wildcats (4-7, 1-6) at the line of scrimmage for 340 yards and four touchdowns rushing. They complemented it with Ganz's arm to finish with 610 total yards.
Nebraska established the running game early. Roy Helu Jr. scored on runs of 1 and 24 yards, and Quentin Castille had a 37-yarder on a fourth-and-1 late in the first quarter.
That set up Ganz, who had 270 yards and two touchdowns on 16-of-25 passing after his first attempt of the game was intercepted and returned for a touchdown. He also had 95 yards rushing on 11 carries, scoring on runs of 25 and 14 yards in the fourth quarter.
Josh Freeman, the nation's 13th-ranked passer at 292 yards per game, faced constant pressure and was sacked five times. He had to hurry or throw off his back foot on several other throws, going 7-for-18 for 114 yards before being replaced by Carson Coffman midway through the third quarter.
Kansas State's running game certainly didn't help, managing a dismal 59 yards on 32 carries.
Courtney Herndon intercepted Ganz's first pass of the afternoon and returned it 57 yards for a touchdown, then Freeman answered two Nebraska TDs by hitting Ernie Pierce on a 63-yard scoring pass to tie it at 14-all.
The momentum carried over to the defense, which held Nebraska to three plays and a punt.
Then Deon Murphy fumbled the punt at his own 30.
Helu scored two plays later on a 24-yard run. Ganz hit Todd Peterson for a 5-yard touchdown pass on the next possession, then found Mike McNeill for an 18-yard score to put Nebraska up 35-14.
Kansas State had a chance to pull closer in the closing seconds of the first half, but Nebraska pressured Freeman into an incompletion after Ron Prince decided to go for a touchdown instead of a field goal.
Iowa State
The Wildcats are 8-3 against the Cyclones since 1998. Iowa State leads the all-time series 49-39-4. Kansas State was favored by 9½ going into the game.
Josh Freeman threw four touchdown passes and Kansas State sent Ron Prince out a winner, beating Iowa State 38-30 three weeks after the Wildcats fired their embattled coach.
Prince, hired three seasons ago without any previous head coaching experience, leaves with a record of 17-20. The victory enabled the Wildcats (5-7, 2-6 Big 12) to squeeze past Iowa State (2-10, 0-8) and escape last place in the Big 12 North.
As of November 23, 2008, Kansas State has not hired a replacement for Prince, although athletic director Bob Krause said when announcing the firing that he wanted to pick a successor before the end of the season. Among those whose names have been mentioned are TCU coach Gary Patterson and former Kansas State coach Bill Snyder, who retired after the 2005 season and was followed by Prince.
Prince's Big 12 record got progressively worse, going from 4-4 in 2006 to 3-5 last year and 2-6 in 2008. Given a contract extension before this season, he was rewarded with a buyout of almost $1.3 million when he was fired but asked to stay for the three final games. The Wildcats got blown out by Missouri and Nebraska in their first two games with a lame duck coach.
The future could become similarly perilous for Gene Chizik, who is 5-19 in two seasons as Iowa State head coach. After winning their first two games, the Cyclones ended the season on a 10-game losing streak.
Austen Arnaud was 31-for-45 for 440 yards and three touchdowns for Iowa State, which lost its 17th straight on the road and has given up 226 points in its last five games.
Brandon Banks had seven catches for 116 yards for Kansas State, including a 20-yard touchdown, and became the sixth receiver in school history to go over 1,000 yards in a season.
It might also have been the last game at Kansas State for Freeman, the 6-foot-6 junior quarterback who holds career school records for attempts, completions, yards, touchdowns and total offense. Freeman, whose four TD passes tied a school record, has said he intends to come back for his senior season. But an early entry into the NFL might be tempting if he's assured of first-round draft status.
The most highly sought recruit Prince signed at Kansas State, Freeman was 17-for-30 for 279 yards and four TDs against Iowa State's weak defense. The four touchdown passes had been accomplished 12 other times.
Freeman showed on several throws why NFL scouts have been at every game. His first scoring pass was a beauty of a 44-yard strike to Deon Murphy, who was double-covered but caught the ball perfectly in stride. He also snapped off a 5-yard TD pass to Murphy that made it 35-17 in the third quarter and connected with Ernie Pierce on a 19-yard strike after Josh Moore interception.
Lamark Brown's 1-yard run gave Kansas State a 7-0 lead in the first quarter after Ian Campbell blocked his third field goal of the year, a Kansas State record.
Arnaud threw TD passes of 19 and 5 yards to R.J. Sumrall and 28 to Marquis Hamilton. His 5-yarder to Sumrall came as the final seconds of the season ticked off.
Depth chart
Roster
Coaching staff
Statistics
Stats accurate as of 12/22/2008.
Team
Scores by quarter
Offense
Rushing
Passing
Receiving
References
Kansas State
Kansas State Wildcats football seasons
Kansas State Wildcats football |
The 1987 Associate Members' Cup Final, known as the Freight Rover Trophy for sponsorship reasons, was the 4th final of the domestic football cup competition for teams from the Third Division and Fourth Division. The final was played at Wembley Stadium, London on 24 May 1987, and was contested by Bristol City and Mansfield Town. With the score tied at 1–1 after extra time, Mansfield Town won the match in a penalty shootout.
The match was the first ever final at Wembley to be decided by a penalty shootout, and the trophy was Mansfield Town's first major honours in the club's history.
Match details
External links
Official website
Associate Members' Cup Final 1987
EFL Trophy finals
Associate Members' Cup Final 1987
Associate Members' Cup Final 1987
Football League Trophy Final 1987 |
Sean Foley may refer to:
Seán Foley (born 1949), Irish sportsman
Sean Foley (director) (born 1964), British theatre director, actor and writer
Sean Foley (golf instructor) (born 1974), Canadian golf instructor who coaches several PGA Tour players
Sean Foley (ethnographer), Irish ethnographer
Sean Foley (film editor), American film editor, whose credits include The Slumber Party Massacre
Sean Foley, American musician of Bright Eyes
See also
Sean Reid-Foley (born 1995), American baseball player
Shaun Foley (born 1986), Australian rugby league footballer |
Bearfield may refer to:
Places
Bearfield Township, Ohio, United States
Bearfield, an area of Bradford on Avon, Wiltshire, England
Fictional characters
Pike Bearfield, eponymous hero of the Pike Bearfield series of stories by Robert E. Howard |
Rhombopsammia is a genus of stony corals in the family Micrabaciidae commonly known as button corals.
Species
The World Register of Marine Species currently lists the following species:
Rhombopsammia niphada Owens, 1986
Rhombopsammia squiresi Owens, 1986
References
Scleractinia genera
Micrabaciidae |
The Labour Party is a centre-left social democratic political party in Hong Kong established in 2011.
The party was founded in 2011 by three veteran pro-democracy legislators to consolidate centre-left, pro-labour, pro-democracy voices in the legislature. Led by Lee Cheuk-yan, the long-time general secretary of the Hong Kong Confederation of Trade Unions (HKCTU), the party won four seats in the 2012 Legislative Council election, with about six per cent of the popular vote, making it the third-largest political party in the pro-democracy camp and sixth largest in the legislature.
It suffered a big loss in the 2016 election with veterans Lee Cheuk-yan and Cyd Ho losing their seats, leaving the party only one representative in the legislature, Fernando Cheung in New Territories East. Cheung resigned in November 2020 together with 14 legislators of the pro-democratic camp, in protest over the disqualification of four other members of that camp by the Hong Kong government.
Beliefs
The Labour Party positions itself as a social democratic party with the principles of "Democracy, Justice, Sustainability and Solidarity". It also demands universal suffrage, legislation of competition law and maximum weekly working hours, rehabilitate the Tiananmen protests of 1989 and against the legislation of Article 23.
The Labour Party was the first major party to adopt a policy of supporting laws to prohibit discrimination against the LGBT community.
History
The idea of establishing a pro-labour party first emerged in the 1990s, when four pro-labour pro-democracy legislators, Lau Chin-shek and Lee Cheuk-yan from the Hong Kong Confederation of Trade Unions (CTU), Leung Yiu-chung from the Neighbourhood and Worker's Service Centre (NWSC) and Tsang Kin-shing from the Democratic Party set up a joint office in preparation of the labour party, but the idea did not realise at last.
In early 2011, Lee Cheuk-yan expressed interest in forming a new labour party, and discussed the details with legislators Leung Yiu-chung, Cheung Kwok-che from the Hong Kong Social Workers' General Union (SWGU), Cyd Ho from the Civic Act-up and Fernando Cheung, an ex-Civic Party politician. Cheung was the first to advocate the formation of a labour party for the labour rights, new immigrants, ethnic minorities and environmental issues in the coming 2012 Legislative Council election.
The Labour Party was officially founded on 18 December 2011. The New World First Bus Company Staff Union, the KMB Staff Union and the Hong Kong Buildings Management And Security Workers General Union under the CTU and Civic Act-up joined the party as affiliated groups. The NWSC vetoed the motion of joining the Labour Party. A 20-strong Executive Committee was elected with CTU General Secretary Lee Cheuk-yan was elected unopposed by 131 founding members, while Cyd Ho, Fernando Cheung and Yeung Ho-yan became the Vice-Chairmen, Cheung Kwok-che the Senate chairman, and Tam Chun-yin the General Secretary.
The party filled three lists in the geographical constituency election in the 2012 Legislative Council elections, the incumbent Lee Cheuk-yan and Cyd Ho ran in New Territories West and Hong Kong Island and former legislator Fernando Cheung ran in New Territories East. The party secured four seats with all the lists elected and Cheung Kwok-che returned through the Social Welfare functional constituency. It became the third largest pro-democracy party in the legislature, behind the Democratic Party and the Civic Party.
The party gained its first seat at the district level in the San Fu by-election in 2015. In the 2015 District Council election, the party filled in 12 candidates, of which three were elected. On 13 December 2015, the Labour chairman Lee Cheuk-yan stepped down and three candidates, Kwok Wing-kin, Cheng Sze-lut and Suzanne Wu ran for the chairmanship. Suzanne Wu of the Association for the Advancement of Feminism won the election in the end and became the new chairwoman.
The Labour suffered a major defeat in the 2016 Legislative Council election by losing two veteran legislators Lee Cheuk-yan and Cyd Ho. With the retiring Social Welfare legislator Cheung Kwok-che, the party dropped their seats in the legislature from four to only one. Chairwoman Suzanne Wu, who was running in Kowloon East and pulled out from the race in the last days resigned for the election results.
In August 2017, chairwoman Suzanne Wu resigned and quit the party over an internal rift with veteran member Cyd Ho, who also resigned from all party offices as a result. Vice-chairman Kwok Wing-kin was elected the new chairman in an intra-party election in November 2017.
Performance in elections
Legislative Council elections
District Council elections
Leadership
Chairmen
Lee Cheuk-yan, 2011–2015
Suzanne Wu, 2015–2017
Chiu Shi-shun, acting 2017
Kwok Wing-kin, 2017–present
Vice Chairmen (External Affairs)
Cheng Sze-lut, 2011–2015
Lee Cheuk-yan, 2015–present
Vice Chairmen (Party Affairs)
Tam Chun-yin, 2011–2015
Chiu Shi-shun, 2015–2017
Tam Leung-ying, 2017–present
Vice Chairmen (Policy)
Fernando Cheung, 2011–2015
Kwok Wing-kin, 2015–2017
Mak Tak-ching, 2017–present
General Secretaries
Kwok Wing-kin, 2011–2015
Tam Chun-yin, 2015–2017
Lee Man-fung, 2017–present
See also
League of Social Democrats
References
External links
Labour Party official website
2011 establishments in Hong Kong
Labour parties in China
Liberal parties in Hong Kong
Member organisations of the Civil Human Rights Front
Political parties established in 2011
Political parties in Hong Kong
Pro-democracy camp (Hong Kong)
Social democratic parties in Hong Kong |
Sunset Strippers were an electronic music group from the UK. They are best-known for their 2005 song "Falling Stars", which samples the 1988 hit song "Waiting for a Star to Fall" by Boy Meets Girl and was involved in a sampling battle with Cabin Crew. "Falling Stars" reached number 3 on the UK Singles Chart in March 2005.
History
Members Sergei Forster-Hall and Kieron McTernan met in Northbrook College.
In 2004, Sunset Strippers remixed the top 25 hit "Cry Little Sister", originally written by Gerard McMahon (under the pseudonym "Gerard McMann") as the theme tune for the film The Lost Boys. In 2005, they remixed Planet Funk's song "The Switch", which featured in Mitsubishi television advertisements, and in 2007 they remixed Irish pop band Westlife's "Total Eclipse of the Heart" for The Love Album. The group's last release under the Sunset Strippers name was "Step Right Up" in 2008, which appears on the downloadable version of Clubbers Guide '08 by Ministry of Sound.
Forster-Hall and McTernan began releasing remixes under the name My Digital Enemy in 2006, which continued until they renamed themselves MDE in 2017. They release mostly tech house and deep house music.
"Falling Stars" music video
The music video for "Falling Stars" features choreographer Benji Weeratunge listening to the song in his headphones whilst washing his clothes in a launderette. Three attractive young women enter the launderette and begin to dance all at once whilst washing their clothes as well. As they wait for their clothes, the women strike poses that they coordinate with the music while Harry tries to attract their attention. The women also dance around the launderette, until they are seen wearing white shirts and red shorts. They begin dancing with Benji while he sings into a microphone. An old woman and her dog arriving at the launderette see Benji singing (in lip-sync form) inside with a mop as a microphone. It turns out that the women are only a vision from his imagination. Unimpressed, the old woman and the dog leave the launderette. Benji still continues to sing the song (in lip-sync form), even though he pretends nothing has happened.
References
External links
English electronic music groups
English house music groups
Musical groups from Brighton and Hove
English musical trios |
Chiépo is a town in southern Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture of Divo Department in Lôh-Djiboua Region, Gôh-Djiboua District.
Chiépo was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1126 communes nationwide that were abolished.
In 2014, the population of the sub-prefecture of Chiépo was 31,006.
Villages
The 11 villages of the sub-prefecture of Chiépo and their population in 2014 are:
Brevet (2 748)
Cfi-Baroko (5 902)
Chiépo (5 372)
Divripo (517)
Gawadougou (1 029)
Guiguidou (2 333)
Kétasso (4 142)
Kokpa (2 573)
Kpatasso (1 392)
Siata (1 327)
References
Sub-prefectures of Lôh-Djiboua
Former communes of Ivory Coast |
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