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Moncaut is a commune in the Lot-et-Garonne department in south-western France. See also Communes of the Lot-et-Garonne department References Communes of Lot-et-Garonne
The Government General Degree College at Manbazar-II, Purulia is the first and, so far, the only government general degree college of the Purulia district. Its journey began from the year 2015 under the purview of the Director of Public Instruction, Higher Education Department, Government of West Bengal. The college is affiliated to the Sidho Kanho Birsa University, Purulia and offers several Under Graduate courses. How to reach: Situated at the village Susunia (PO: Kumari, PS: Boro, Pin-723131) the college stands just by the road that connects Manbazar and Bandwan. It can be reached by buses that run from Purulia, Bankura, Manbazar, Bandwan, Jhargram or even as far as from Medinipur. Departments Arts Bengali English History Santali Philosophy Political Science Science Physics Chemistry Mathematics Geology Courses offered: The college so far offers Core Courses (honours) on Bengali, English, Santali, History, Philosophy, Political Science, Geology and Mathematics. It also offers Program/regular Courses (general) on Arts and Science subjects under Sidho Kanho Birsa University, Purulia. See also References External links http://govtcollegemanbazar2purulia.ac.in/collegeprofile.php#profile Sidho Kanho Birsha University University Grants Commission National Assessment and Accreditation Council Universities and colleges in Purulia district Colleges affiliated to Sidho Kanho Birsha University Educational institutions established in 2015 2015 establishments in West Bengal
Rebala is a village in Jõelähtme Parish, Harju County in northern Estonia. Rebala Heritage Reserve is named after Rebala village. It covers around 70 square kilometres and contains more than 300 archaeological remains including stone-cist graves and cup-marked stones from the Bronze and Iron Ages. Rebala village has many old farm buildings dating to the 18th/19th centuries. Near Rebala was one of the first areas in Estonia where was phosphorite was mined, beginning in the 1920s. During the Soviet era the main activity in the area was farming, but the 21st century has seen new housing developments due to the village's close proximity to the capital city, Tallinn. Tallinn Landfill (or Jõelähtme Landill) is technically part of Rebala village. Gallery References External links Rebala Heritage Reserve Tallinn Landfill Villages in Harju County
The canton of Quimperlé is an administrative division of the Finistère department, northwestern France. Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Quimperlé. It consists of the following communes: Arzano Baye Clohars-Carnoët Guilligomarc'h Locunolé Mellac Querrien Quimperlé Rédené Saint-Thurien Tréméven References Cantons of Finistère
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NPI Media Group was a publishing group set up by UK publisher Alan Sutton. The group's business was acquired by The History Press in 2007, amid a number of authors being owed royalty payments by the NPI Media Group. The History Press, backed by NPI's private equity partner Octopus Investments, acquired all NPI's existing imprints (Pathfinder, Phillimore, Pitkin, Spellmount, Stadia, Sutton, Tempus and Nonsuch) together with all the existing titles, plus all the future contracts and the publishing rights contained in them. Tony Morris, CEO of NPI Media became CEO of The History Press at the time of the acquisition. The History Press has since reorganised the group and grown to hold approximately 70% of the UK market for local history publishing. References External links Official UK Website Society of Authors Book publishing companies of the United Kingdom
Botryoideclava bharatiya is a chalcid wasp belonging to the family Aphelinidae. It parasitizes Melanaspis glomerata, a pest of sugarcane. References Aphelinidae Insects described in 1980
Sanam Chandra Palace (; ; "Moon Plaza") is a palace complex built by Vajiravudh in Nakhon Pathom province, Thailand, 56 km west of Bangkok. The palace complex is about a kilometer away from the Phra Pathommachedi. The complex consists of five buildings and a Ganesh shrine. History Royal residence Before ascending the throne, the then Crown prince Vajiravudh came to this city to pay homage to Phra Pathommachedi. He wished to build a palace here as a retreat and a residence during his pilgrimage trip to the stupa. He viewed the area as a strategic location. In 1907, he bought about 335 acres of land around Noen Prasart Hill (; ; "Castle Hill") from local people. Noen Prasart Hill is believed to be the site of an ancient palace. He then had Luang Phitak Manop (Noi Silapi, later Phraya Visukam Prasit) designed and supervised the construction of the palace. The construction began in 1902 by the end of Chulalongkorn's reign (1868 – 1910). It was completed in 1911. Vajiravudh named it Sanam Chandra Palace after a natural pool nearby called "Sa Nam Chand" (; ; "Moon Pond"). In addition, the king had another plan for this palace. It was to serve not only as a retreat, but also as a stronghold during a national crisis. Here, he regularly held practices for the Wild Tigers Corps, a paramilitary troop. According to Vajiravudh's will, the palace was given to the government to be the site of military academy. However, after reign of Vajiravudh the palace has been closed and transformed to Nakhon Pathom's administrative area. Some palace halls had been dismantled and moved to National Museum in Bangkok for preservation. Silpakorn University Campus In 1965 Silpakorn University, a well known Thai university, for art and archaeology study, improved its educational program with additional new faculties and urgently need larger area to accommodate the expansion. The university and Thai cabinet approved to use the area of Sanam Chandra Palace to be the new university campus since the area was suitable since the palace was once belong to Vajiravudh, an archeologist and artist himself. Also in the palace ground has Ganesh Shrine, god of art and the symbol of university seal. Moreover, Nakhon Pathom is an important archaeological site for Dvaravati in Thailand. Restoration In 1981 Department of Fine Arts registered Sanam Chandra Palace as historical site. On December 1 st, 2003, the Committee for the Renovation of Sanam Chandra Palace chaired by Prince. Bejaratana Rajasuda, Vajiravudh's daughter, in collaboration with the Ministry of Interior, Nakhon Pathom Governor and Silpakorn University returned the palace including its satellite buildings to Bureau of the Royal Household following the wishes of Bejaratana Rajasuda. At present, the Bureau of the Royal Household has since opened the Bhimarn Prathom Residence including the Prayer Room in this residence, Samakkeemukamartaya Hall, Ganesh Shrine, Chaleemongkolasana Residence, Mareerajaratanabulung Residence, Thub Kwan Residence and Statue of Yalae, to the general public. Sanam Chandra Palace celebrated its 100-year anniversary from November 23, 2007 to December 2, 2007. Temporary Closing From October 1 st, 2017, Sanam Chandra Palace is temporary closing for renovation. The reopening date is still unannounced. Buildings Bhimarn Prathom Residence The first hall to be built in this palace, the Bhimarn Prathom Residence (; ) is a brick-and-cement building in western style, which was adapted to suit the tropical climate. The ventilation panes and railings around the upper floor of the building are in traditional elaborate Thai carving patterns. Located upstairs are a bed chamber, a bathroom, a dressing room, a conference room, a dining room, and a prayer room. In the prayer room sits a Buddha image in the First Sermon Attitude. The exquisite angelic congregation design on the mural in the prayer room was painted by Phraya Anusart Jitrakorn (Chan Jitrakorn). The residence frequently served as H. M. King Rama VI's private quarters (particularly before his coronation, and afterwards until 1913), his study, a reception hall, and an audience hall. Samakkeemukamartaya Hall The Samakkeemukkamartaya Hall (; ) Chaleemongkolasana Residence The Charliemongkolasana Residence is located in Sanamchandra Palace, Nakhonpathom. In 1908, this residence was built in the integration of 2 arts which are French renaissance and English half-timber. This residence was adapted for Thai weather atmosphere. At that time, the residence was named “Yah Leh Residence” which came from the name of King Rama 6 (King Vajiravudh)’s dog. In 1915, King Rama 6 gave the name for this residence which is Charliemongkolasana residence that means “the auspicious residence of Charlie”. This residence was used for the residence of King Rama 6 when he met the Wild Tiger Corps at Sanamchandra Palace. The residence looks like a reddish-yellow small castle which has 2 floors and red roof-tile. The dining room and the living room are on the first floor. The study room, the royal bathroom and the royal bed chamber are on the second floor. The Yah Leh monument is located in front of this residence. There is a bridge that links between the Charliemongkolasana Residence and the Maleeratanabanlang Residence (Thai style residence). These two residences are the combination of Thai and Western arts. Mareerajaratanabulung Residence The Mareerajaratanabulung Residence (; ) Thub Kwan Residence The Thub Kwan Residence (; ) Ganesh Shrine Gallery References External links Sanam Chandra Palace Buildings and structures in Nakhon Pathom province Former royal residences in Thailand Tourist attractions in Nakhon Pathom province
Iroijlaplap (Marshallese: ; feminine: Leroijlaplap, ) are the traditional paramount chiefs in the Marshall Islands. Ordinary chiefs bear the title of Iroij (feminine: Leroij); - is a superlative suffix. Legal basis Article III of the Constitution of the Marshall Islands recognises the title, and establishes a Council of Iroij, composed of holders of the title of Iroijlaplap, or other analogous traditional titles, chosen from holders of the chieftainship among the several constituent islands. The council is empowered to "consider any matter of concern to the Republic of the Marshall Islands, and it may express its opinion thereon to the Cabinet". The council is also entitled to formally request the reconsideration of any bill in the Nitijela (the country's Legislature), that affects customary law, traditional practices, or land tenure. Reigning Iroijlaplap There are currently two Iroijlaplap: Michael Kabua of Kwajalein Remios Hermios of the Ratak Chain (excluding Majuro, Arno and Mili atolls). References Marshallese culture Titles of national or ethnic leadership Main
Volnino () is a rural locality (a village) in Borisoglebskoye Rural Settlement, Muromsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 184 as of 2010. There are three streets. Geography Volnino is located 16 km north of Murom (the district's administrative centre) by road. Borisogleb is the nearest rural locality. References Rural localities in Muromsky District
Ricardo F. J. Montenegro Palomo is a businessman and politician from El Salvador. He was the Minister of Treasury of El Salvador in the first months of Armando Calderón Sol's Presidency Early life and family Ricardo Francisco Javier Montenegro Palomo was born on November 9, 1949, in West Lafayette, Indiana, while his father was a student at Purdue University. He was the first child of Gabriel Montenegro Gutiérrez and his wife, Hilda Palomo Salazar. While the Montenegro Palomo family was based in West Lafayette, Indiana, their second child, Gabriel Ernesto, was born. In 1951 his family moved to San Salvador, El Salvador, where they settled down. After this move Gabriel and Hilda had three more sons, Fernando Rafael, José Eduardo and Raul Antonio. His father Dr. Gabriel Montenegro Gutiérrez was born to Gabriel Montenegro Soberón, a Guatemalan immigrant, and Eva Gutiérrez from Santa Ana, El Salvador. Dr. Montenegro was a chemist and entrepreneur, who during the presidency of Carlos Humberto Romero was fourth in line for the position of President of El Salvador. His mother, Hilda Palomo Salazar, was the daughter of Manuel Palomo Trabanino and María Elda Salazar Iraheta. The former was the eldest son of Dr. Manuel Palomo Cuellar, one of the founders of the Salvadoran Red Cruz, and Angela Trabanino González. Angela was the eldest daughter of José Antonio González Portillo, the mayor of Santa Tecla, El Salvador who served several terms. José Antonio was the right hand of his brother, Santiago González Portillo, President of El Salvador (15 April 1871 – 1 February 1876), and, the later, María Elda Salazar Iraheta, a first cousin of the famous Salvadoran artists Salarrue and Toño Salazar, since she was a was daughter Estaban Salazar Angulo and Matilde Iraheta, a daughter of the Salvadoran War Hero, General Francisco Iraheta Larreta. Education Montenegro attended Externado San José a private school in San Salvador, El Salvador. He continued his education in Purdue University his family's alma mater. 1980s In 1983 Ricardo Montenegro Palomo became one of the founding members of FUSADES, The Salvadoran Foundation for Economic and Social Development. 1990s In 1991 Ricardo Montenegro Palomo was named President of CCIES (Chamber of Commerce and Industry of El Salvador) a title he held until 1993. During his time as President of CCIES, he also held the Presidency FECAMCO (Federation of Chambers of Commerce of Central America), for the 1992 term. Ricardo Montenegro Palomo was part of the Salvadoran delegates that participated in the 1992 Peace Talks at Chapultepec Castle in Mexico City. In 1994, during the first months Armando Calderón Sol's presidency, he was named Minister of Treasury of El Salvador. Montenegro subsequently became the CEO of UNIFERSA, a large fertilizer company in El Salvador that was formed in 1999 by the merger of three previously existing companies, one of which was SERTESA. Post Retirement After retiring from the private sector, Ricardo Montenegro, has remained active in the community promoting education. He is currently the President of INSAFORP – Salvadoran Institute of Professional Development. References Purdue University alumni Government ministers of El Salvador Living people 1949 births
Robert Stephen Bulch (1 January 1933 – 8 May 2012) was an English footballer who made 71 appearances in the Football League playing as a wing half for Notts County and Darlington in the 1950s. He was picked up by Notts County when his RAF Syerston side played them in a friendly. After he was de-mobbed from his national service on 15 March 1953, he was signed up by the Magpies. He also played non-league football for clubs including Washington and Hartlepool United. In an autobiographical article written by Bobby Bulch himself it is written: “I was signed at a rate of £7 a week and £20 per week when I played First Team football. We were not given a BMW to use, and I remember the hassle of crossing London by tube train to get to the stadium of Chelsea, where among other chores I cleaned Roy Bentley's boots. Mind you, when I was at Nottingham Tony Hatley cleaned MY boots.” "Football remained my chosen sport, and when in the R.A.F. I played for both camp and command teams. One of our matches was away against Notts County Colts in a Cup Tie. After the game the Notts County coach invited me to play for the team and I made several appearances for both Colts and their reserve team that season. On demob from the R.A.F. I signed as a professional player and stayed with them until 1958. During my time with Notts County I had been in a successful Midland League side winning the league in 1954/5. I also played in the 1955/6 and 56/57 teams. I enjoyed my football in the first team, before leaving in 1958. I was then transferred to Darlington FC and I was with them for two seasons. The next season saw me with Hartlepool United but by then I just could not compete at that level any longer, having sustained a serious knee injury that stayed with me from my Darlington days. I then retired from football.” When talking about his later life, he said, “Sport has always been my main interest. Football, Golfing (9 handicap) and Snooker. Football, but only as a viewer in recent years. Golf is still an interest even after having held a 9 handicap for nearly twenty years, snooker in recent times because it was a far less strenuous activity. I also enjoy gardening, fitting the necessary housework in between, as my wife still works for a living, and of course watching T.V. with my grandchildren". Bobby's family later made this article freely available to the people of Washington and was reproduced verbatim. References 1933 births Sportspeople from Washington, Tyne and Wear Footballers from Tyne and Wear 2012 deaths English men's footballers Men's association football wing halves Chelsea F.C. players Washington F.C. players Notts County F.C. players Darlington F.C. players Ashington A.F.C. players English Football League players
Lewis Williams (February 1, 1782 – February 23, 1842) was a U.S. Congressman from North Carolina between 1815 and 1842. Born in Surry County, North Carolina (present-day Forsyth County), Williams attended the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, graduating in 1808. He was first elected to the North Carolina House of Commons in 1812, serving for a single term (1813-1814) before being elected to the 14th United States Congress as a (Jeffersonian) Republican in 1814. Williams was re-elected to successive Congresses before his death in 1842. In keeping with the turbulent times in which the parties realigned, he served under five different party labels: as a Republican, as a Crawford Republican, as a supporter of John Quincy Adams, as an "Anti-Jacksonian," and finally as a Whig. During his time in Congress, he chaired the Committee on Claims in the 15th through 21st Congresses, and the Committee on Territories during the 23rd Congress. Williams also introduced the resolution creating the United States House Committee on Agriculture. He died in Washington, DC, while in office in 1842 and is buried in Panther Creek Cemetery near Lewisville, North Carolina. Williams is the brother of Robert Williams, a U.S. Congressman from North Carolina, and John Williams, a U.S. Senator from Tennessee. See also List of United States Congress members who died in office (1790–1899) References 1782 births 1842 deaths Members of the North Carolina House of Representatives University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill alumni North Carolina National Republicans North Carolina Whigs Democratic-Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from North Carolina National Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives Whig Party members of the United States House of Representatives 19th-century American legislators People from Forsyth County, North Carolina Deans of the United States House of Representatives
A list of films produced in France in 1936: A-L M-Z See also 1936 in France References External links French films of 1936 at the Internet Movie Database French films of 1936 at Cinema-francais.fr 1936 Films French
Derek Davis (26 April 1948 – 13 May 2015) was an Irish broadcaster. On television, he co-hosted Live at 3, presented Davis at Large and Out of the Blue and won Celebrity Bainisteoir. Early life Davis was born in Bangor, County Down to a Protestant father and a Roman Catholic mother (a native of Bray, County Wicklow). He attended St MacNissi's College, a former Roman Catholic boarding school in County Antrim and described his early childhood life as ecumenical. During his childhood he acquired a love of boats which later provided the inspiration for the TV series Out of the Blue (1998). Television Davis started as a news reporter with the American network ABC and BBC Northern Ireland before spending 11 years in the newsroom in RTÉ. In the early 1980s he became a newsreader for The Six-o-clock News and began to become well known due to his sometimes off-the cuff comments on news stories. Davis impersonated Big Tom on the RTÉ satirical programme Hall's Pictorial Weekly. He was offered a part in a show-band in Cork as a result of this. After a ballroom tour, he joined RTÉ proper in 1975, initially to work as a television news reporter, eventually becoming newsreader on the nine o'clock news. In the mid-1980s, Davis hosted his own talk show, Davis at Large. It was on this show, which was screened live, that he was attacked and hurled across the studio by a guest female body builder. In addition to this he had an interactive summer current affairs show, simply called Davis. In 1986, he began co-hosting (with Thelma Mansfield) RTÉ 1's afternoon programme Live at 3, a role he would fill for eleven years. Davis presented the Rose of Tralee twice in 1995 and 1996, the first of these when Gay Byrne was taken ill at short notice. He memorably thanked the providers of the air conditioning while wiping sweat from his brow. Live at 3 came to an end in 1997. Nearly 15 years later, Thelma Mansfield said, "They wanted to get rid of the old faces and bring in some new ones". Davis returned to the screen in the late 1990s with a marine programme devoted to boats and the waters around Ireland called Out of the Blue, which ran for four series, the last of which was broadcast in 2001. In 2005, he hosted a show called Time on Their Hands, a travel series for older people. One of his last television appearances was on the second season of Celebrity Bainisteoir in 2009, in which he and seven other Irish celebrities managed an intermediate Gaelic football club team from their home county in an official GAA tournament. Davis's team won the tournament. He and eventual runner-up Katherine Lynch appeared together on Tubridy Tonight the evening before the final was broadcast. During the 2010s, Davis made frequent guest appearances on TV3's Tonight with Vincent Browne, where he and another guest would preview the following morning's papers. Radio In 2000, Davis presented a radio quiz show called A Question of Food. During the summer season he had taken over RTÉ Radio 1's mid-morning slot usually occupied by Today with Pat Kenny, and he also hosted the radio phone-in show, Liveline, when regular presenter Joe Duffy was on holiday. Later, he presented Sunday Magazine with Davis on 4 on 4fm. On 10 May 2015, Davis spoke on the topic of obesity on Marian Finucane's Sunday radio show (presented that day by Áine Lawlor). Lawlor introduced Davis by remarking on his own substantial recent weight loss: "You look, you are literally, I'd say, about a third of the man that you used to be." A short illness followed and Davis died three days later, aged 67. His funeral took place in the Victorian Chapel, Mount Jerome, Harold's Cross, Dublin. Awards Davis won two Jacob's Awards for his television work. In 1984, he received his first award for the series The Season That's In It. He won his second award in 1991 for his co-presenting of Live at 3. References External links 1948 births 2015 deaths Burials at Mount Jerome Cemetery and Crematorium Classic Hits (Ireland) presenters BBC television presenters Jacob's Award winners People from Bangor, County Down Reality show winners RTÉ newsreaders and journalists RTÉ Radio 1 presenters RTÉ television presenters Rose of Tralee hosts Broadcasters from County Down
Sexuality in South Korea has been influenced by culture, religion, and westernization. Viewpoints in contemporary society can be viewed as a conflict between the traditional, conservative older generation and the more liberal and 'modern' generation. Due to this conflict, several issues in Korea, including sexual education, homosexuality, and sexual behavior are highly contested. Historical perspective Traditional roles of women Women have been marginalized throughout Korean history. Women could not participate in the main social system and were discriminated against on the basis of: their roles in marriage, fertility, lack of rights in divorce proceedings, and set roles in society. Historically, Korean society was patriarchal, especially due to Confucianism. The position of a woman depended on the position of a male member of her family. Only the women of the ruling class could enjoy the same privileges of the men in the same class. Although men were allowed to have multiple wives, women were expected to have chastity and were compelled to remain unmarried if their husbands died. The aforementioned societal norms began to be enforced during the Joseon Dynasty. For instance, chastity of widows was enforced by forbidding the sons and grandsons of remarried women from taking the Gwageo. However, women were entitled to inherit property. In the family, women were expected to take care of the family finances. Women from lower class had jobs such as mudang, or shamans; folk healer; kisaeng. Female shamans outnumbered male shamans, and women were usually only examined by women folk healers. Women were excluded from schools until 1886, when Ewha Hakdang was established. Marriage system During the Goryeo Dynasty (918–1392), monogamy was supported while divorce and remarriage were common. However, the aristocracy in this period practiced polygamy, and a man was legally allowed to have up to four wives. During the Joseon Dynasty (1392–1897), monogamy was established as the official policy. However, elites were legally allowed to maintain concubines; however, children birthed with concubines were declared illegitimate since the early 15th century, and were banned from gwageo since 1471. During this period, women's remarriage was prohibited from 1447 to 1897. Marriage with those with both the same surname and family origin was forbidden, and is still forbidden today. During this time, early marriages were common. Early marriages were often arranged and can be traced back to the Three Kingdoms of Korea period (57 AD-668). Children about 10 years old could be presented to another family; this was done for both boys and girls. In the Joseon dynasty, the legal age for marriage was 15 for boys and 14 for girls. When a child assumed responsibility for the child's family, the child could marry at the age of 12. The society commonly believed that a higher age for marriage was associated with inappropriate sexual activity. This custom continued unto the 20th century. Religion The traditional concepts of sexuality in Korea have been influenced by: Confucianism, Buddhism, Neo-Confucianism, Catholicism, and Protestantism. Confucianism became important in the 7th century. During the Goryeo Dynasty, Confucianism served as the practical and philosophical structure of the state, and was the official ideology during the Joseon Dynasty. Neo-Confucianism became prominent in the 15th century. In Confucianism, men were considered to be positive (yang) and women negative (yin). As yang was considered more dominant than yin, men were considered to be comparably omnipotent, justifying male dominance and discrimination against female. Furthermore, sex was considered a duty to the family, rather than an act of pleasure. Although only three percent of the population has Confucianism as a belief system today, it remains the basis for sexual ethics and criminal law. Buddhism was introduced during the Three Kingdoms period. It was the official religion during the Goryeo Dynasty, but lost influence during the Joseon Dynasty. Buddhism was used to instruct people to give up all desires, including those related to sex, and sexual activities were forbidden in many sects. Catholicism was introduced at the end of the 17th century and began to become popular among the common people at the end of the 18th century. Though Catholicism was outlawed and banned, and the followers executed, it continued to have underground support. Protestantism was introduced on 1884. Both religions were involved in several intellectual movements, and promoted equal rights. Information about sex Sexual education In the Joseon Dynasty, unmarried men and women received a very limited form of sexual education. The education was focused on methods of becoming pregnant and consequent reproduction. Married couples received a calendar that stated information about the best days for fertility; this information was usually given only to the bride, although the groom sometimes received it. As producing children was considered a duty, families sometimes intervened. Prenatal care was considered important and was given even before conception. The traditional lack of information and education concerning sexual issues is currently conflicting with Western viewpoints of sexuality, and can be seen through the increasing rates of teenage pregnancy and sexual abuse. In 1968, the Planned Parenthood Federation of Korea (PPFK) has started sexual education. Since 1982, counseling centers for adolescents have been provided in schools and industrial parks. However, public education concerning sexuality is inadequate. Sexual education solely focuses on physical development and gender roles such as menstruation, pregnancy, virginity, sexual activities, and Sexually transmitted diseases. In 1996, the Korea Research Institute for Culture and Sexuality was established to develop sexual education programs. Informal sources Starting in the early 1990s, interest in sexual education began to increase. Books, academic interests, and mass media focusing on sexuality began to increase. In 1998, the instructor of a public sexual educational program on television became popular. According to two Korean Research Institute on Sexuality and Culture studies done on 1996 and 1997, 37.1% of male students learned about sex from pornography, while 14% learned it from their peers; for female students, 37% received sexual education from peers while 25.7% received it from school. Sexual behavior Autoeroticism According to the Korean Research Institute of Sexuality, 70% of female high school students agreed that masturbation was natural, though only 15.2% of the surveyed students reported masturbating, and the biggest group felt guilty about doing so. In contrast, 49.9% of male high school students reported masturbating. For parents, 75.2% were positive about their own masturbation. The attitudes of the parents toward masturbation had a positive correlation with the attitude of the parents toward their children's masturbation. Pornography Production of pornography is illegal, although amateur material known as Yadong exists. Consequently, Koreans mostly consume pornography from overseas, especially Japanese pornography, sometimes using proxy servers to evade Korean Internet censorship. There are also adult videos filmed abroad with Korean actors, recorded sex cam sessions, and K-pop deepfake pornography, manufactured adult videos with K-pop stars. In one study, 99.5% of male college students reported that they had been exposed to pornography (excluding participants who declined to answer the question), with 99.1% occasionally using it for masturbation. On average, participants masturbated to pornography 1-2 times a week. Women's pornography use was not investigated. Yaoi fiction and comics are consumed by a subgroup of women. In 2005, there was a pornographic online magazine named Foxylove that catered mainly to Korean women and reportedly had over a hundred thousand subscribers. Circumcision While the circumcision rates in Korea were extremely high (90% in age groups 17–19) as of 2002, the rates have declined recently; the circumcision rate for males 14–29 is 75.8%, with the aforementioned group rate down to 74.4%. It has been conjectured that the decline in the rate of circumcision was due to the increased availability of new information. Heterosexual relationships Teenagers In a survey given in 1997, 44.4% of female high school students reported that they had had heterosexual relationships and 7.5% of the entire group had had coital experiences. Of the group who had had coital experiences, 38.7% claimed to have been coerced and 32.3% attributed the reason to love. In a group of students who had not performed vaginal intercourse, about half the students were open to the idea of having sex and blamed their lack of experience on the lack of opportunities. However, 44.7% of students accepted light kissing and 31.6% accepted holding hands as permissible behavior in dating. The majority view was that virginity should be kept until marriage, with 88.1% of the group. For the survey of male students, 16.2% admitted to having had coital experiences, mostly with their girlfriends (74.7%). On the other hand, 65.7% of male high school students indicated a positive attitude towards premarital sexual activity, but only 7.5% had had previous sexual experiences. As a whole, the rate of students who had had sexual experiences increased in the late 20th century. Adults A survey in 1991 indicated that, of surveyed adult males aged from 20 to 40, over 80% had had previous heterosexual relationships. Of the 80%, 44.7% reported their first sexual experience to have been with a prostitute. A study of married couples revealed that about half the people studied thought negatively about premarital relationships; in general, the female partners were more open to premarital and extramarital relationships. The double standard of relationships was hypothesized to cause psychological and physical (especially sexual) stress for females. Hymenorrhaphy, or hymen reconstruction surgery, is also popular in Korea, as the hymen is prized as the symbol for virginity. Homosexual relationships Homosexuality is not outlawed in Korea, but it is also not expressly permitted. On September 7, 2013, the first gay marriage in Korea took place. However, the marriage was not legally binding; the couple has vowed to legally challenge this in court. Sexual crimes Sexual assault Under the law, rape is punishable with a prison sentence from 7 years to life imprisonment. The definition of rape includes adult males as victims, as well as marital rape. As of 2009, the statute of limitations for sexual assault is ten years. As of 2009, reports of sex crimes have been on the rise, especially those involving child victims. In 2012, there were 77,000 reported cases of sexual assault. In 2011, 22,034 rapes were reported. A study in 1997 found that 45.5% of female high school students reported sexual harassment, mostly by their male friends. These statistics are not considered an accurate representation of the true cases; a 2010 survey by the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family concluded that only about 10 percent of all sexual assault cases were reported. Currently, there is a prevalent traditional belief that rape is a man's mistake that should be forgiven, especially for victims who had been drunk or wearing revealing clothes. The Miryang gang rape incident in 2004 provoked controversy due to victim blaming and other mistreatment by police officials. This mistreatment ultimately led to a 2008 judgment against the police by the Supreme Court of Korea. There are rape crisis centers available, run by the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family and the Korea Sexual Violence Relief Center. Sex trafficking South Korean and foreign women and girls have been victims of sex trafficking in South Korea. They are raped and physically and psychologically harmed in brothels, businesses, homes, hotels, and other locations throughout the country. Prostitution Prostitution in South Korea is illegal, but according to The Korea Women's Development Institute, the sex trade in Korea was estimated to amount to 14 trillion South Korean won ($13 billion) in 2007, roughly 1.6 percent of the nation's gross domestic product. Adultery From 1953 to 2015, adultery was punishable by up to two years in prison for both the adulterer and their partner. In February 2015, the Constitutional Court of Korea overturned the law. See also Love Land (Korea) Notes References Society of South Korea South Korean culture
Edric Norfolk Vaux Morisset (22 June 1830 – 26 August 1887) was a high-ranking officer in both the paramilitary and civilian police forces of the New South Wales and Queensland colonies of the British Empire. He was Commandant of the paramilitary Native Police from 1857 to 1861 and concurrently became the first Inspector General of Police in Queensland in 1860. Morisset afterwards was appointed Superintendent of Police at Bathurst and then later on at Maitland. From 1883 until his death in 1887, Morisset was Superintendent of the Southern Districts and Deputy Inspector General of Police in New South Wales. Early life Edric Morisset was born at Norfolk Island in 1830 when it was a notoriously draconian penal colony. His father was Lieutenant-Colonel James Thomas Morisset, who was in command of this convict outpost. During his first four years of life, Edric would have observed the extremely harsh punitive system meted out to the prisoners under his father's direction. These included an average 1,000 flogging sentences per year and the use of long term solitary confinement in soundproof and completely dark "dumb cells". After a convict uprising in 1834, Edric was shipped off the island to the Australian mainland. His father was re-appointed soon after as a police magistrate and the family moved to Bathurst. Native Police Edric's father died in 1852, leaving his large family in financial distress after losing most of their savings in the collapse of the Bank of Australia. Edric had to make a career for himself and in February 1853 was appointed as a Lieutenant in the Native Police at the age of 23. The Native Police was a government-funded paramilitary force consisting of Aboriginal troopers led by European officers. Its main purpose was to exploit inter-tribal hostility to violently disperse Aboriginal resistance to European colonisation in Australia. He was assigned firstly to the 3rd and then to the 5th Division of this force and posted to the Clarence River region of New South Wales, arriving there in July of that year. He established the main barracks for the force in the region on the Orara River, 10 miles south of Grafton. Morisset remained in the Clarence region for the next two and half years and led a number of dispersals. One of these occurred at Newton Boyd where several Aboriginals were shot dead and some others captured while working at a shearing shed. Another was the East Ballina massacre where around forty Bundjalung people were killed and many more wounded by Native Police in an early morning raid on their hillside sleeping site. In early 1856, Morisset was transferred to Wide Bay-Burnett region taking charge of the 8th Division based at Yabba station at the head of Yabba Falls. By April of the same year he was posted to the headquarters of the Native Police at Traylan on the Burnett River just north of Eidsvold. Commandant of the Native Police In May 1857, Morisset was appointed to the position of Commandant of the Native Police. This was the highest rank in that force, a position previously held by Richard Purvis Marshall and before him, Frederick Walker. The Native Police at this time was underfunded and disorganised with disbanding and desertion of troopers being common. However, strong resistance by Aboriginals in the Dawson River area later that year resulted in six colonists being killed at Eurombah and a further 11 being killed at nearby Hornet Bank. These events caused the colonial Queensland government to increase the punitive efficiency of the force, with Morisset re-organising the troopers and appointing new officers such as Frederick Wheeler and George Murray. With this restructure, the number of punitive expeditions increased resulting in more frequent mass extrajudicial shootings of Aboriginals. Lieutenants Carr, Moorhead and Powell headed some of these missions in the months immediately after the Hornet Bank incident. The indiscriminate nature of the shootings involved was evident from the report of Powell detailing how he shot dead three native women in the back as they were fleeing. At this period, other vigilante groups of colonists and private native police groups were also conducting ethnic cleansing operations in central Queensland resulting in the reported deaths of over 200 Aboriginals. Edric Morisset was Commandant up until July 1861 when he resigned and was replaced by John O'Connell Bligh. In the years between Hornet Bank and his resignation, there were a number of notable "dispersals" of Aboriginals conducted by the Native Police under his reign. In August 1858, Morisset orchestrated a large combined force of four divisions with a month's rations each to scour and clear the Upper Dawson River area of the indigenous population. Lieutenant Bligh conducted multiple shooting raids at Maryborough, and Auburn River. Lieutenant John Murray conducted massacres in the Wide Bay and Castle Creek areas, while Lieutenant Wheeler and his troops shot Aboriginals at Dugandan and Calliope. Edric's brother, Rudolph was also an officer with the Native Police at this time and led a massacre perpetrated at Manumbar. A number of battles between the Native Police and large groups of resisting Aboriginals also occurred in this period. At Bendemere on the Condamine River, a stand up skirmish took place between the "Dawson blacks" and Lieutenant Carr's troopers resulting in fifteen dead warriors including their leader "Baulie". In the Pine Rivers region north of Brisbane, Lieutenant Williams lost a trooper killed in a battle with a large number of the Ningi Ningi tribe. This level of hostility and death in various skirmishes did not go unnoticed and an inquiry was enforced upon the Queensland government towards the end of Morisset's tenure. This 1861 inquiry detailed many of the atrocities inflicted on the Aboriginal people, but in the end the government saw no need to change the overall operation of the Native Police, and its methods continued in the same vein for around forty more years after Morisset's retirement. Inspector General of Police in Queensland During his leadership of the Native Police, Morisset was also appointed at the first overall Inspector General of Police in Queensland. He only held this role for around 6 months in 1860 as it was deemed impractical to have the head of the frontier Native Police sitting in an office in Albert Street in Brisbane. During this brief period, however, Morisset managed to aggrieve some members of the public. Police Superintendent Positions in New South Wales After retiring from the Native Police in Queensland, Morisset returned to New South Wales to take up police superintendent positions firstly at Bathurst in 1862 and then later at Maitland. In 1883, he was promoted to superintendent of police of the Southern Districts based at Goulburn. During this time he was also concurrently appointed as Deputy Inspector General of Police in New South Wales. Personal life Morisset married Eliza Lawson, a granddaughter of the army officer and pastoralist William Lawson, in 1860. They had no children. Two of Morisset's brothers, Rudolph and Aulaire, also joined the Native Police as officers. Death Morisset died at his Marston mansion in Goulburn in 1887 of Addison's disease at the age of 57. He is buried at the Goulburn Saint Saviours Anglican Cemetery in Goulburn. His Marston place of residence became St.Michael's Antiochian village. References 1830 births 1887 deaths Australian police officers People from Norfolk Island Public servants of New South Wales
Duppituru is located in Visakhapatnam state of Andhra Pradesh, India. About Duppituru in Atchutapuram Mandal and Andhra Pradesh Special Economic Zone situated in this village. References Neighbourhoods in Visakhapatnam
Lebedin () is a rural locality (a khutor) in Lobazovsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population: Geography The khutor is located 67 km from the Russia–Ukraine border, 22 km south-west of Kursk, 11 km south of the district center – the urban-type settlement Pryamitsyno, 2.5 km from the selsoviet center – Zhuravlino. Climate Lebedin has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb in the Köppen climate classification). Transport Lebedin is located 6 km from the federal route Crimea Highway (a part of the European route ), 3 km from the road of regional importance ("Crimea Highway" – Ivanino, part of the European route ), on the road of intermunicipal significance (38K-010 – Lebedin), 12 km from the nearest railway station Dyakonovo (railway line Lgov I — Kursk). The rural locality is situated 32 km from Kursk Vostochny Airport, 107 km from Belgorod International Airport and 228 km from Voronezh Peter the Great Airport. References Notes Sources Rural localities in Oktyabrsky District, Kursk Oblast
Dancing at the Harvest Moon is a 2002 American made-for-television romantic drama film starring Jacqueline Bisset, Valerie Harper and Eric Mabius. Directed by Bobby Roth, it is based on K.C. McKinnon's novel of the same name. Plot Maggie, a professor of English literature, is fast approaching her silver wedding anniversary. But her world is shattered upon discovering that her husband, Tom, has been repeatedly adulterous during their marriage and now intends to marry his younger mistress. Facing divorce, she retreats to the tranquility of her hometown, where she met her first love, Patrick, decades earlier. Patrick has long since died, and the club where they danced together—the Harvest Moon—is closed and in disrepair. She seizes upon the idea of buying and restoring the club again—with the help of a young carpenter/woodworker, John, who turns out to be Patrick's son. Soon the attraction between John and Maggie is hard to deny. However, Maggie can't stop thinking of the obstacles between them, including his young age, his current girlfriend and, most critically, whether her feelings for John are sincere or only a projection of her long-ago love for his father. All is finally revealed once the Harvest Moon is open again. Cast Jacqueline Bisset as Maggie Weber Kristen Kerr as Young Maggie Eric Mabius as John Keats Fleming Susan Anspach as Julia Nan Martin as Harriet Finnigan Eugene Roche as Gil Finnigan Nick Mancuso as Tom Webber Carmen Argenziano as Paul Stanton Bonnie Root as Diane Webber Valerie Harper as Claire Cari Shayne as Amy Rob Nilsson as Dean Jim Rogers Navi Rawat as Jennifer Gina Gallego as TV Anchor Josh Holland as Patrick Reception Andy Webb from The Movie Scene gave the film three out of five stars and wrote: "What this all boils down to is that "Dancing at the Harvest Moon" is pretty much what you would expect from a made for TV romantic melodrama with lots of soft focus, romantic scenes and not a great amount of depth. But it is enjoyable with a nice take on the age difference relationship scenario with an added element to make it a little less obvious." David Parkinson from Radio Times gave it two out of five stars, stating: "KC McKinnon's bestseller is the source for this lachrymose melodrama, in which Jacqueline Bisset proves once again that she lacks the intensity and range of contemporaries like Charlotte Rampling." References External links 2002 television films 2002 films 2002 romantic drama films American romantic drama films CBS network films Films directed by Bobby Roth Films scored by Christopher Franke American drama television films 2000s English-language films 2000s American films
Trinity Academicals RFC, nicknamed "Trinity" or "Trinity Accies" is a rugby union club based in Leith, Edinburgh, Scotland, originally for the former pupils of Trinity Academy, Edinburgh. Trinity Accies competes in the . History Early days Trinity Accies has not been a club to keep detailed records. As a result, details from its earliest days are impossible to establish. The club's earliest challenge games began in 1913/14 from get-togethers of former Trinity Academy pupils (opened in 1892 as Craighall Road School) in a shelter at Starbank Park, Newhaven. The players formed a team to play challenge matches against the lower ranks of existing clubs. The "Lomond" Trinity had no link to the school. They became members of the SRU in 1903 and played in purple and white hoops. They amalgamated with Edinburgh Borderers in 1945, becoming Trinity Borderers until 1947. Early Trinity Accies games were played at Victoria Park on an irregular basis with the club playing in blue with a red badge bearing the Leith Coat of Arms. After the war the club changed to black with a gold band as their playing jersey. Between the wars No rugby was played during World War I. In October 1920 (the season was October to March) the club resumed playing on a regular basis. Between the 2 World Wars Trinity was a lower grade, fairly average in terms of results, junior club. Frank Trotter, then Executive Officer of Education for Leith, gave the club access to a regular home ground, Bangholm, which was opened on 2 December 1920. Fixtures in the 1920s and 1930s were mainly with still familiar clubs: RDVC (probably the strongest junior club over this 20 years), Leith Accies, Broughton, Boroughmuir, Bruntsfield, Edinburgh Borderers, Linlithgow, Moray House, Edinburgh Northern, Lismore, Penicuik and Lasswade. Less familiar names now largely forgotten include: Brunstane, Kenard, Westhall, Warriston, Gala Star, Edinburgh Rover Scouts, Kenmore, United Colleges, James Clarks FP, Grange, Broxburn HSFP, Balvaird and Dunedin. Away games took place at equally forgotten grounds: Forkenford, Broom Park, Ravelston, Hillend, Lady Napiers Park and Morgan Park. From 1926 to 1931 the standard of play improved when James Hossack was appointed captain. He had played for Boroughmuir before being appointed as Head Geography teacher at Trinity Academy, which led to representative recognition for Trinity players with the Edinburgh Junior side (Edinburgh and District Union) for the first time. As early as 5 November 1929 short reports on some of the club's games appeared in the press. On that date Trinity Accies beat Trinity at Lomond Park: "... with tries scored by Armstrong, Cowe and Furnivall." After the war Few games were played during World War II. 7-a-side tournaments were played at Bangholm in 1942 and 1943. Most senior clubs expected lower teams to beat their 2nds over a number of years before they would be considered for a 1st xv fixture. It was ranked by percentage of wins against these teams. Trinity started being featured in the 1963/64 season's table until 1972–73. Few games were played in 1945–46 with former players returning from the war. However, 14–6 and 24–3 wins over Fettes and 6–8 and 12–14 losses to Edinburgh Wanderers / Academicals ("Charie Maclean scoring 3 tries") suggest playing improvements since before the war. By the 1950s we had regular fixtures with: Melrose, Langholm, Stewarts, Edinburgh Wanderers, Melville College and Selkirk (who by tradition we played away on 1 January.) Fixtures were slowly improving and the club joined the SRU as a full member in 1950. The goal was always to create a fixture list which would lead to the Press including us in the unofficial championship. A strong run of results – including victories over Stewarts (in a year when they won the championship), Melrose, RHS, Selkirk and Langholm – led to our appearing in the league table from 1963 to 1964. At the end of the 1964–65 season Trinity Accies were ranked 17th of the 35 teams in the championship. The arrival of the leagues After many years in favour of an organised league structure, Trinity gave its full support to the SRU's proposal to introduce a formal system in 1973. Twelve teams were placed in each league playing each other once. Representative honours Edinburgh Dougie Mitchell Ian Gibb Jimmy Taylor Gordon Connell Rab Murdoch Graeme Plenderleith Ian Moffat Julian Vaughan Scotland age group Fergus Henderson Robin Hamilton Ross McNulty Lewis Niven Tom Drennan Sam Pecquer Scotland Gordon Connell (5 Caps) British Lions Gordon Connell (1 Test v SA) Championship winning teams 1987/88 – Division 4 champions Captained by Dougie Spencer, with Jack and Dougie Hamilton coaching the side, the club recovered from defeat in its first game to clinch the title in the last game. Lenzie 17- 20 L Leith Accies 12 - 9 W Biggar 9 - 6 W Broughton 26 - 6 W Hutchesons 19 - 9 W Wigtownshire 34 - 8 W Edin. Univ. 10 - 15 L Glenrothes 16 - 3 W Alloa 22 - 3 W Cambuslang 4 - 3 W Dumfries 20 - 4 W Peebles 18 - 3 W Clarkston 20 - 10 W 1993/94 – Division 4 champions The season started badly for a team captained by Andy Wilson and coached by Ian Henderson with defeats in two out of the first three games. Because of this all the rest of the games had to be won for promotion. Promoted teams 1974/75 – Division 3 promotion Although only second in the league this team's record is the club's best ever, losing only one game. They gave Highland its only defeat but lost the title on points differential. The team was captained by Brian Clark and coached by Stan Grant. 1978/79 – Division 3 promotion Captain was Euan Romanis and coach was Fraser Mason. The club was promoted on points difference. Thanks to Ian Webster the club has rare detailed playing records for all teams this promotion winning season: P W L D For Against 1st XV 24 15 9 0 368 229 2nd XV 21 14 7 0 367 212 3rd XV 17 11 5 1 352 193 4th XV 5 4 1 0 75 21 Colts 12 3 9 0 124 257 17 1999/2000 - National League Division 2 promotion Captained by Bob Rodriquez and with Fergus Henderson. Rugby Teams/Sections Ranking Highlights included: Boroughmuir 14-12 Stewarts 13-9 Edin Wands 14-12 Selkirk 23-5 Haddington 21-0 Edin Accies 3-3 Musselburgh 12-11 Dunfermline 14-0 Kirkcaldy 9-8 Hutchesons 20-3 Langholm 8-8 Greenock Wands 12-3 Kelso 11-8 Leith Accies 25-16 Hawick 8-11 These players were also responsible for Trinity Accies' victory over a Scottish senior club. In September 1968 the backs with a number of forwards making up the numbers, all played in the club's 65–0 win over Melville College—a 95–0 win using current scoring values. The game took place a week after 5 of the club's backs played in a full Edinburgh trial. Of these Gordon Connell was our first Scottish international and British Lion, Graeme Plenderleith played for Edinburgh and Glasgow, and Rab Murdoch played for Edinburgh. 7-a-side Little had been heard of the club in pre-war 7s. On 16 April 1945 the club's 7s were won for the first time. Reports list the team as: A Fairfull, D Graham, C Hepburn, J Meikle, E Cessford, G Armstrong and J Scott, with victories over Leith 15–0, Stewarts 9-0 and Edinburgh Wanderers / Accies 8–0. Unfortunately, after they won their first tie, "howling wind and torrential rain" stopped the 7s for the first time in 24 years. With more tournaments being started Trinity continued to have many successes. Walkerburn was won for the first time in 1948 with an 11–10 victory over Hawick Y M in the final. Many wins at Walkerburn were to follow. Stirling County started its own 7s in 1948. The club won the first three finals. Peebles and Moray were other venues where cups were won on a number of visits. Youth/School Over the years the efforts of Alex Harper, Alan Spencer, and the long term rector Peter Galloway have kept the club well-supplied with players from school. Touring Early trips to Chesterfield have been followed by more exotic tours including Burnham (England), Hanover (Germany), Juan les Pins (France), St Gallen (Switzerland), Munich (Germany) and Avignon (France). Trinity Accies have hosted teams from all over the world. Honours Trinity Academicals Sevens Champions (2): 1945, 1948 Peebles Sevens Champions (3): 1961, 1966, 1967 Walkerburn Sevens Champions (7): 1948, 1955, 1961, 1965, 1967, 1968, 1970 References Massie, Allan A Portrait of Scottish Rugby (Polygon, Edinburgh; ) External links Trinity Accies Want You!!!!!! Sports clubs and teams in Edinburgh Rugby union teams in Scotland Rugby union in Edinburgh 1913 establishments in Scotland Rugby clubs established in 1913 Leith
Nankana is a Punjabi language movie released on 6 July 2018. Gurdas Maan played lead role in the movie along with Kavita Kaushik, and Gurmeet Sajan. Gurdas Maan is back on big screen after four years. Film was directed by Manjeet Maan. Plot Nankana revolves around the strong bond between a father and a son. At the same time, it gives a very noteworthy message that not everyone can get everything in life; thus, one should not lose his/her calm, Karma must protect his adopted son (Born to a Muslim) from people due to riots as well as from his evil brother Taari. Cast Gurdas Maan Kavita Kaushik Anas Rashid Gurmeet Sajan Soundtracks References External links 2018 films Punjabi-language Indian films 2010s Punjabi-language films Indian drama films Films set in the partition of India Films set in the British Raj Films scored by Jatinder Shah
Antaeotricha glaphyrodes is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1913. It is found in French Guiana and Peru. The wingspan is 26–27 mm. The forewings are glossy light greyish-ochreous with the costal edge whitish and with a transverse blotch of blackish suffusion on the dorsum before the middle, reaching to the submedian fold. There is sometimes a faint spot of fuscous suffusion towards the dorsum before the tornus. The hindwings are rather light grey. References Moths described in 1913 glaphyrodes Moths of South America Taxa named by Edward Meyrick
Leu Mazurkevich (; September 1939 – 4 February 2019) was a Belarusian footballer and football coach. He is the first coach in the history of Belarusian football club BATE Barysaw. External links Лев Мазуркевич: «Наш взлёт был стремительным» — «Всё о футболе», №7 (561), с. 14 1939 births 2019 deaths Belarusian football managers FC BATE Borisov managers
Massaman curry (, , ) is a rich, flavourful, and mildly spicy Thai curry. It is a fusion dish, combining ingredients from three sources: Persia, the Indian Subcontinent, and the Malay Archipelago (e.g., cardamom, cinnamon, cloves, star anise, cumin, bay leaves, nutmeg, and mace) with ingredients more commonly used in native Thai cuisine (e.g., chili peppers, coriander, lemongrass, galangal, white pepper, shrimp paste, shallots, and garlic) to make massaman curry paste. The substance of the dish is usually based on chicken or other meat, potatoes, onions, and peanuts. The richness comes from the coconut milk and cream used as a base, as for many Thai curries. In 2011, CNNGo ranked massaman curry as the number one most delicious food in an article titled "World's 50 most delicious foods". However, by a reader's survey, it ranked number ten. It remained at number one in the official, updated 2018 version. Description Due to its Muslim roots and therefore Islamic dietary laws, this curry is most commonly made with chicken, but there are also variations on this dish using duck, beef, venison, mutton, goat, or rarely, pork. As pork is haram (forbidden) in Islam, this last variant is not eaten by observant Thai Muslims. Vegetarians and vegans have created their own versions of this dish, such as using tofu and substituting any shrimp paste or fish sauce used. The Muslim roots of the dish are evident in many of the flavors of the massaman curry paste (nam phrik kaeng matsaman) that come from spices not frequently used in other Thai curries. Cardamom, cinnamon, cloves, star anise, cumin, bay leaves, nutmeg and mace would, in the 17th century, have been brought to Thailand from the Malay Archipelago and South Asia by foreigners, a trade originally dominated by Muslim traders from the Middle East, Indian subcontinent, and from the archipelago itself, but increasingly undertaken by the Portuguese, the Dutch, and the French East India Company. These foreign spices and flavors are then combined with local produce and flavors commonly used in native Thai cuisine such as dried chili peppers, cilantro (coriander) seeds, lemongrass, galangal, white pepper, shrimp paste, shallots, and garlic to make the massaman curry paste. The curry paste is first fried with coconut cream, and only then are meat, potatoes, onions, fish sauce or salt, tamarind paste, sugar, coconut milk and peanuts added. Massaman is usually eaten with rice together in a meal with other dishes. There are also traditional versions using oranges, orange juice, or pineapple juice as additional ingredients. History The name massaman is a corruption of the term mosalman, an archaic word derived from Persian, meaning "Muslim". Hence, many earlier writers from the mid-19th century called the dish "Mussulman curry". According to Thai journalist and scholar Santi Sawetwimon, as well as Thai food experts David Thompson and Hanuman Aspler the dish originated in 17th century central Thailand at the cosmopolitan court of Ayutthaya, through the Persian merchant Sheik Ahmad Qomi, from whom the noble Thai Bunnag family descends. Most theories contend that massaman is a southern Thai dish influenced by Malay and Indian cuisine. The curry is extolled in the poem Kap He Chom Khrueang Khao Wan from the end of the 18th century, attributed to Prince Itsarasunthon of Siam (now Thailand), the later King Rama II (1767-1824). It is dedicated to a lady who is thought to be Princess Bunrot, the later Queen Sri Suriyendra, wife of King Rama II. The second stanza of the poem reads: The first-ever recorded recipe for massaman curry by Lady Plean Passakornrawong in 1889: "Chicken Massaman curry with bitter orange juice", with Massaman spelled Matsaman (หมัดสมั่น). By 2002 it was being included in Australian recipe books as "Musaman beef curry" See also Rendang Kaeng hang le Thai curry Thai cuisine List of Thai dishes List of Thai ingredients References Thai curries
Jain artwork ruins have been discovered at sites in Afghanistan. According to Pratapaditya Pal, these pieces were found along with coins during road construction projects, and they "almost certainly were imported from India", likely ancient Gujarat for stylistic reasons. It shows the base of a Svetambara altarpiece for a Jina along with his protective deity, the four armed Hindu goddess of wisdom and learning, Saraswati. It is likely from the 10th-century or later, states Pal. According to Charles DiSimone, the more complete "Gilgit Dirghagama manuscripts" recently discovered in 1990s, near the border area of Pakistan and Afghanistan is a Sarvastivadin Buddhist text. This manuscript uses Jains as the chief Anya-tirthikas (followers of another faith) to explain the imperfections in Jainism and the perfection of the Buddha. The text is in Sanskrit with some Prakrit and Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit, written in proto-Sarada script. It reflects an interpretation – or perhaps more accurately misinterpretation, states DiSimone – of Jainism as preserved by a 7th- and 8th-century Buddhist school in the Central Asian region. References Afghanistan Religion in Afghanistan
Raja Lal Singh (died 1866) was Wazir of the Sikh Empire and commander of Sikh Khalsa Army forces during the First Anglo-Sikh War. Along with Tej Singh, Lal Singh was in the employ of the East India Company during the course of the war. Lal Singh was regularly supplying information and even receiving instructions from Company officers, communicating through Captain Peter Nicholson. Biography Early life Lal Singh was, a shopkeeper native to Sahgol in the Jehlum District. He entered the service of the Sikh government in 1832, working as a writer in the treasury, and, according to some sources, converting from his original Hinduism to Sikhism in order to secure a place at court. He was patronised by the Wazirs Dhian Singh Dogra and Hira Singh Dogra, gaining favour by engineering, in 1843, the murders of Beli Ram (son of Misr Diwan Chand and another of Lal Singh's benefactors) and Bhai Gurmukh Singh, both of whom were disliked by Hira Singh. Hira gave Lal military commands, granted him the title of Rajah and numerous jagirs at Rohtas, and appointed him tutor to Maharajah Duleep Singh in the place of Duleep's uncle, Jawahar Singh. Nevertheless, when Maharani Jind Kaur turned against Hira Singh, Lal supported the Maharani and her brother Jawahar, helping them to persecute Hira Singh. Lal quickly won the Maharani's confidence, and became her closest advisor - contemporaries assumed that he was her lover, but Lal himself denied this in later life - being appointed to the Council of Regency. In February 1845, he was sent to Jammu at the head of an army to negotiate with Gulab Singh. When Jawahar Singh, who had since been appointed Wazir, was assassinated by the Sikh Khalsa Army on 21 September 1845, Lal Singh was made Wazir of the Sikh Empire in his place on 8 November. First Anglo-Sikh War During the First Anglo-Sikh War of 1845-1846, Lal Singh took personal command of the Khalsa, but alongside Tej Singh, he was secretly working with the British, sending information to and receiving orders from Captain Peter Nicholson, an officer stationed at Ferozepur. According to Alexander Gardner, who was in Lahore at this time, the Maharani, Lal, and Tej wanted to use the war as an opportunity to neutralise the growing threat of the Khalsa, who were becoming rebellious. At the start of the war, Lal kept his divisions entrenched at Ferozeshah even when the British garrison at Ferozepur was open to attack, allowing John Hunter Littler to retreat from the village and join forces with Hugh Gough. Gough's East India Company army subsequently defeated the Khalsa in the Battle of Mudki, from which Lal fled after a single exchange of fire, and at the Battle of Ferozeshah, which was only won with the help of Tej Singh's treachery. Lal himself supposedly sheltered in a ditch during the battle. With his own treachery suspected by the men under his command, Lal Singh once again fled with his irregular cavalry, making his way to Lahore, where he offered before the Khalsa to relinquish his office. Although he was relieved of the office of Wazir, replaced by Gulab Singh on 31 January 1846, he retained military command, and was present at the Battle of Sobraon on 10 February. Before the battle, Lal Singh allegedly betrayed the Khalsa once again, sending a map of the Sikh entrenchments to Nicholson. During the battle itself, Lal kept his artillery and cavalry off the field, and once again retired to Lahore. Aftermath and exile In the aftermath of the First Anglo-Sikh War, Lal Singh was rewarded by the British by being confirmed as Wazir of the State of Lahore under Henry Lawrence. However, he fell from grace when it was discovered that he had sent written instructions to the Governor of Kashmir to thwart Gulab Singh's attempts to occupy the Vale of Kashmir, which had been granted him by the British under the Treaty of Amritsar. Lal was tried by a Court of Inquiry, found guilty, and exiled to Agra with a pension of 12,000 rupees a year. He was interviewed by journalist John Lang, who found that he had no complaints about his situation, and had taken up archaeology and surgery as hobbies. He was later moved to Dera Doon, where he eventually died in 1866. References Year of birth missing People of the First Anglo-Sikh War People from the Sikh Empire 1866 deaths People from Dehradun
Géraldine Legendre (born 1953) is a French-American cognitive scientist and linguist known for her work on French grammar, on mathematical models for the development of syntax in natural languages including harmonic grammar and Optimality Theory, and on universal grammar and innate syntactic ability of humans in natural language. She is a professor of cognitive science at Johns Hopkins University and the chair of the Johns Hopkins Cognitive Science Department. Education and career Legendre studied English literature at the University of Tours, earning a licentiate in 1974. She went to the University of California, San Diego for graduate study, and she completed her M.A. in 1984 and her Ph.D. in 1987. Her dissertation, Topics in French Syntax, was supervised by David M. Perlmutter and Sandra Chung. She became an assistant professor of linguistics at the University of Colorado Boulder and earned tenure there in 1994. In 1995, she moved to Johns Hopkins University, and in 2000, she was promoted to full professor. She became department chair in 2018. Books Legendre is the author of the book Topics in French Syntax (Routledge, 1994) and the coauthor with Paul Smolensky of the two-volume The Harmonic Mind (MIT Press, 2006). She is also a co-editor of edited volumes including Optimality-Theoretic Syntax (MIT Press, 2001) and Optimality-Theoretic Syntax, Semantics, and Pragmatics: From Uni- To Bidirectional Optimization (Oxford University Press, 2016). References External links Faculty page from Johns Hopkins University 1953 births Living people French cognitive scientists Women cognitive scientists Linguists from the United States Women linguists University of Tours alumni University of California, San Diego alumni University of Colorado Boulder faculty Johns Hopkins University faculty
The siege of Ravenna was a military engagement from 490–493, when Theodoric besieged Odoacer in Ravenna. The siege ended when the two men agreed to peace, but on 15 March 493 CE, Theodoric murdered Odoacer during a banquet. References Ravenna 490–493 Ravenna 490s conflicts Ravenna 490-493 Theoderic the Great Ravenna
Ivan Saraiva de Souza or simply Ivan (born January 18, 1982, in Campinas), is a Brazilian left back. He currently plays for Mersin İdmanyurdu SK. Honours Brazilian League: 2001 Parana State Superleague: 2002 Brazilian Cup: 2007 Contract Gaziantepspor (Loan) 26 January 2008 to 30 June 2009 Atlético-PR 1 November 2005 to 31 January 2009 References External links sambafoot placar furacao Guardian Stats Centre zerozero.pt 1982 births Living people Brazilian men's footballers Club Athletico Paranaense players FC Shakhtar Donetsk players Fluminense FC players Gaziantepspor footballers Ukrainian Premier League players Süper Lig players Brazilian expatriate men's footballers Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Turkey Expatriate men's footballers in Turkey Expatriate men's footballers in Ukraine Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Ukraine Men's association football defenders Footballers from Campinas
António Maria de Sousa Horta e Costa (21 September 1859 – 5 September 1931) was a Portuguese jurist, magistrate, and politician. He was the third son of Miguel António de Sousa Horta Almeida e Vasconcelos, 2nd Baron of Santa Comba Dão and second wife Maria da Glória da Costa Brandão e Albuquerque. Career He was a graduate in law from the University of Coimbra, Judge of Law in Portuguese Guinea, having served in the interim the offices of governor-general and secretary general of the Province of Mozambique and, as an effective, the one of Delegate of the Procurator of the Crown and Treasury of Inhambane and Mozambique, and the one of Administrator of the Council of Soure, later becoming Judge Counselor of the Supreme Court of Justice. Family He married firstly on 15 February 1885 Guilhermina de Carvalho da Costa Soares (3 November 1868 – 15 July 1888), daughter of Dr Pedro da Costa Soares, Bachelor graduated in law from the University of Coimbra, Captain-Major of the firm land of Mozambique, and Guilhermina Cândida da Costa Ferreira, without issue. He married secondly on 22 November 1890 Dona Maria Luísa José de Jesus da Câmara (Lisbon, 24 November 1870 – ?), daughter of Dom Luís Maria da Câmara, of the marquesses (formerly counts of a Ribeira Grande (formerly Marquesses of Ponta Delgada and Counts of Vila Franca) and Counts of Atouguia, and Francisca Gertrudes Vilar Ferreira, and had three children: António Miguel da Câmara de Sousa Horta e Costa (12 October 1891 – 22 November 1948), Bachelor graduated in law from University of Coimbra, etc., married firstly Maria Teresa Emauz Leite Ribeiro (15 February 1888 – 16 November 1918), daughter of Joaquim Leite Ribeiro and Maria Carlota Quintela Emauz, of distant Dutch descent, without issue, and married secondly on 16 October 1933 Maria Teresa Perry Vidal Marques da Costa (11 September 1896 – ?), daughter of Dr. Levy Marques da Costa, Bachelor graduated in law, lawyer, and Ema Perry Vidal, of distant English descent, without issue Álvaro Luís da Câmara de Sousa Horta e Costa (22 October 1892 – ?), married on 25 April 1918 Mary Oackley (19 February 1891 – 30 May 1925), daughter of English Hugh Charles George Oackley, Consul of the United Kingdom in Lisbon, and Maria Amélia de Aguiar, and had two sons: António Hugo Oackley de Sousa Horta e Costa (born 19 August 1919), married on 19 August 1942 Noémia de Castro dos Anjos, daughter of Eurico dos Anjos and Albina de Castro, and had one daughter: Maria Madalena dos Anjos Horta e Costa (born 27 June 1943), without further notice Carlos Maria Oackley de Sousa Horta e Costa (born 8 May 1925), without further notice Maria Luísa da Câmara de Sousa Horta e Costa (6 April 1902 – ?), married on 12 March 1921 Civil Engineer Vasco Jácome Correia Martins (28 December 1892 – ?), son of Vasco Correia Martins, Army General, etc., and Leopoldina Alves Pereira de Alvarenga, and had issue Notes Sources Albano da Silveira Pinto and Dom Augusto Romano Sanches de Baena Farinha de Almeida Portugal Silva e Sousa, 1st Viscount of Sanches de Baena, Resenha das Famílias Titulares e Grandes de Portugal, Fernando Santos e Rodrigo Faria de Castro, 2.ª edição, Braga, 1991, p. 517 Domingos de Araújo Affonso and Rui Dique Travassos Valdez, Livro de Oiro da Nobreza, J. A. Telles da Sylva, 2.ª edição, Lisboa, 1988, Volume III, pp. 237–238 and 890 António de Vasconcelos, Brás Garcia Mascarenhas, Imprensa da Universidade, Coimbra, 1921, p. 157 Various, Anuário da Nobreza de Portugal, III, 1985, Tomo I, p. 854 and Tomo II, pp. 1,049–1,050 António Maria de Sousa Horta e Costa in a Portuguese Genealogical site 1859 births 1931 deaths 19th-century Portuguese judges Portuguese politicians Portuguese nobility University of Coimbra alumni 20th-century Portuguese judges
The Nashville Cubs were a Negro league baseball team that played in the minor league Negro Southern League from 1945 to 1951. The club was originally called the Nashville Black Vols, named after the all-white Nashville Vols of the minor league Southern Association, but changed to the Cubs moniker in 1946. They were located in Nashville, Tennessee, for the majority of their existence, but split part of the 1950 season between Nashville and Louisville, Kentucky, where they played as the Louisville Cubs. While in Nashville, they played their home games at Sulphur Dell. The Black Vols finished the 1945 season in fourth place with an 18–16 (.529) record. The 1949 team won the second half of the season. References Negro league baseball teams Baseball teams established in 1945 Sports clubs and teams disestablished in 1951 Sports in Nashville, Tennessee Professional baseball teams in Tennessee 1945 establishments in Tennessee 1951 disestablishments in Tennessee Defunct baseball teams in Tennessee Baseball teams disestablished in 1951
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Rugby Union is the governing body for rugby union in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. It is considered a Tier 3 rugby nation by World Rugby of which it is a full member. It is also a member of the Rugby Americas North (RAN). Saint Vincent and the Grenadines men's and women's teams compete regionally against other teams in this group. History The St. Vincent and the Grenadines Rugby Union (SVGRU) came into existence on Sunday 18 January 1998, when the first game of touch rugby was played at the Sion Hill playing field using four traffic cones as pitch markers. It all came about following a chance conversation. This stimulated an expatriate Englishman, John Townend, to return form his Christmas vacation in 1997 with plenty of enthusiasm and two rugby balls. John Townend contacted two Antipodean expatriates: Kelly Glass, a highly accomplished rugby player from South Island, New Zealand, and Geoff Hyde, an Australian tourism adviser, suggesting a game of touch rugby the following Sunday morning. There were seven players at the first game: Carver Alexander, Ernst De Freitas, Kelly Glass, Kirk Hobson-Garcia, Geoff Hyde, John Townend and Delon Williams, a local Rastafarian who later became known as "Speedy". After playing for two hours, the group retired to Villa Beach with a crate of beer, to re-hydrate (any excuse would do) and to soothe aching muscles in the sea. Rugby had been introduced to St. Vincent. From the early days there was a strong interest from girls, who took an instant liking to the idea of "touch" rugby. The games then continued every Sunday, and it was soon found that between Kirk, Kelly, Andrew, and Scott Hadley that there were already some excellent and accomplished players on the island. In addition, they were able to attract other good players, namely Derek Hadley who was visiting from Australia and Father Pope Faifal from Samoa, working with the Catholic mission. In terms of the girls, Jackie De Freitas soon joined, together with some Canadian volunteers, namely Janice Madill and Lisa Lilajehto. One other girl who was to become a big favourite was Loretta "Hot Lips" Skrok. She became notorious for her trick of taking a swig of strong rum and “flame throwing” at parties. Peace Corps Volunteers Becky Buster and Maria Caluag also became great team members. The local ranks were swelled by the contribution of Lorna "Turbo" Williams from Overland in the Carib community, Delia King from Calliaqua and Yvonne Bakker from Kingstown. In the early days they were definitely seen as an expatriate group of Americans, Australians, British, Canadians, New Zealanders, Trinidadians, Samoans, and a few Vincentians. Rugby was definitely perceived as a white man's sport and a relatively rough game at that. It was soon expanded to playing on Wednesday afternoons as the numbers rose and transferred Sunday practices to Saturday. Despite the expatriate character it was the Vincentians, notably Andrew Hadley and Jackie De Freitas who took the early lead in developing the club, with help from Geoff Hyde. SVG Rugby has a significant history of developing home grown talent. In the amateur era the female structure was highly successful, producing a large number of first team players and internationals. In the transition to the professional era it was recognized that a clear development program was needed to develop "complete" players capable of playing professional rugby at the highest level. A key difference between amateur and professional rugby is the physical demands placed on players. They decided to call the team Amazona Guildingii after the rare and graceful Vincentian parrot, and selected the national colours of green, yellow and blue for their jerseys and shorts. Soon afterwards those that could afford it, purchased their own uniforms. Their motto is to "Strive to excellence and keep on striving til the end." Women's rugby History was made on Sunday 6 December 1998 at 4:30 p.m., when at the International Caribbean Rugby Seven a Side Competition in Trinidad, a ladies team from St. Vincent and the Grenadines defeated a ladies team representing the mighty Trinidad and Tobago. It is believed this is the first time in the Caribbean that Ladies have played the full contact game of Rugby Union at International Level. And all of this from humble beginnings in January 1998 when the game of touch rugby was introduced into these islands on Sunday mornings at the Sion Hill Playing Field -all with the blessing of the National Sports Council. From being 19-0 up at half time, the St. Vincent Ladies team resplendent in the blue, green and yellow colours of their team, the Amazona Guildingii, (named after the St. Vincent Parrot) ran out eventual winners by 29 points to 12. The Trinidadians, with much greater resources, put on a stronger team in the second half, but the Vincy girls soon closed them down and went further ahead. One would not like to single out individuals for praise as the whole team played magnificently on the day, but one person, Lorna "Turbo" Williams of Overland was an absolute star at scrum half. She tackled like a tiger, and every time "Turbo "got the ball, it was clear a try was in the making. Eventually she ran in two tries, Janice Madill at hooker ran in two, and Becky Buster in the centre burst through for the fifth try for the Amazona Guildingii’s. Becky also converted two tries, with fine drop kicks over the cross bar. Others who deserve praise for ferocious tackling and fine ball handling skills include; Jackie de Freitas (prop), Delhia King (wing) from Biabou (who performed four citizens arrests during the match). Other members of the team who performed well were Maria Caluag (centre), Loretta Skrok (prop) and a couple of "ringers" who joined in on the day; Sarah from Sweden and Tracy from New Orleans. The team was captained by Yvonne Bakker (wing) who kept her composure throughout the game, and if it wasn't for the rather short dead ball line, would have also have been credited with a try. However, since the inception of the founding women's team, there has been a steady decline in interest among women. Unfortunately, the team has ceased to exist. Rugby League In the continual effort to increase interest in and awareness of rugby, in addition to maintaining interest in the sport, SVG Rugby have reinstated the Saturday Rugby League. One Saturday a month, the SVG RUwill host seven a-side rugby matches in different communities. The Rugby League serves as a platform for growing the game, by showcasing the sport of rugby in communities throughout Mainland St. Vincent, while allowing newcomers to see and participate in rugby. The Rugby League also provides existing members with regular outlets for healthy competition, garnering continued interest in rugby. To date, league team names are: Country: Pirates Central/town: Sharks Leeward: Unrulies Canouan: All Blacks Grassroots Rugby Programme Youth rugby in St. Vincent was once an unstoppable force. SVG Rugby had a very successful U19 team. In recent years, the youth programme has lost momentum. However, with the election of a new Executive Board, the Grassroots Rugby Programme is back. Executive President: Sophie Goddard Vice- President: Kelly Glass Co Vice President: John Townend Treasurer: Gary Blackman Secretary: Valarie Pelletier Assistant Secretary: Leonard Matthews Public Relations Officer: Kemi Francois U19's Public Relations Officer: Nixon McAllister Sponsorship Director: Jake Heimann Team Manager: Guy Hadley Club Coach: Hendrikus Wentzel League Coordinator: Kemi Francois U19's Men's captain: Benson Nanton Men's captain: Andrew Phillips The SVG Rugby Grassroots Rugby Programme aims to promote rugby development, team play, and sportsmanship for school age and out-of-school age youth and has established teams in various schools and communities throughout St. Vincent. The Grassroots Rugby Programme focuses on Rookie Rugby, or tag rugby. Tag rugby is a fun, easy to play, non-contact rugby game that is designed as an introduction to teach the basic skills and techniques needed to play competitive rugby in the future. SVG Rugby worked with World Rugby to implement the Get Into Rugby youth initiative. Matches and results The first game ever played was against the British Royal Navy destroyer , on 8 February 1998. The game was won by the home side. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines attempted to qualify for the 2007 Rugby World Cup in France, playing the first match of the Americas qualifying tournament. They played a preliminary qualifier against Saint Lucia in May 2005. The winner would progress to the South Pool of Round 1a, however, Saint Lucia won the match 36-25. On 29 March 2008, Saint Vincent was defeated by Mexico 47-7 in a pre-qualifier for the right to enter the NAWIRA region qualifying process for Rugby World Cup 2011. References External links Saint Vincent and the Grenadines on worldrugby.org SVG Rugby Union Website Rugby union governing bodies in North America Sports organizations established in 1998 World Rugby members Rugby union in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
The Four of Hearts is a novel that was published in 1938 by Ellery Queen. It is a mystery novel primarily set in Los Angeles, United States. Plot summary At the end of the previous Ellery Queen novel, The Devil to Pay, he was in Hollywood and about to meet studio boss Jacques Butcher. At the beginning of this novel, he does so. Butcher, who is engaged to starlet Bonnie Stuart, hires Queen to work on a screenplay about Bonnie's mother, film legend Blythe Stuart, and her long-running feud with fellow Hollywood veteran Jack Royle. The two were once sweethearts, but their estrangement was bitter, and the feud now extends to their respective children -- Bonnie Stuart and young actor Ty Royle. Surprisingly, Jack and Blythe agree to star in the film about their lives. Even more surprisingly, they suddenly rekindle their old romance and get married in front of fans at a Los Angeles airfield. Then, amid huge publicity, they fly off toward a honeymoon island. But the biggest surprise comes a few hours later, when the newlyweds are found fatally poisoned aboard their plane. Queen must interrupt his script-writing to solve a murder case. Ty and Bonnie vacillate between feuding and a sudden romantic interest, and Queen investigates the mysterious mailings of playing cards that may hold a clue about the killings. His suspicions fall upon the households of Jack and Blythe, and Ty and Bonnie become suspicious of each other. It's only when Queen learns the true meanings of the cards that he solves the case. In the process, he forms a romantic attachment with beautiful gossip columnist Paula Paris, whose agoraphobia keeps her confined to her palatial home, but who has a talent for uncovering secrets that may match Queen's own. Literary significance & criticism (See Ellery Queen.) After many popular mystery novels and a number of movies, the character of Ellery Queen was at this point firmly established. This period in the Ellery Queen canon signals a change in the type of story told, moving away from the intricate puzzle mystery format which had been a hallmark of earlier novels, and takes him to Hollywood, where he becomes involved with both screenwriting and romance. "It's fair to say that the Hollywood novels made a pleasant read, but nothing more. ... Marvellously twisted plotting a throwback to the earlier Queens, with the final revelations fairly deducible from the clues." The novel was adapted into a stage play by writer William Roos using the pen name William Rand in 1949. References External links "Ellery Queen is the American detective story." 1938 American novels Novels by Ellery Queen Novels set in Los Angeles Hollywood novels Frederick A. Stokes Company books
Shitole is a Maratha clan found largely in Maharashtra, Karnataka and nearby regions of India. History Under the Sultanates of Deccan during the pre-Shivaji era, Shitoles were administrators of more than three hundred villages near Pune. They were the Maratha's revenue collecting agents in Maratha history. Branches The Shitoles served Kolhapur Princely State of Chhatrapatis through Sardar Sultanji Shitole, Sardar Appajirao Shitole, Sardar khetroji Shitole, Sardar Mahadaji Shitole Sardar Naroji Shitole Sardar Baji Shitole and Sardar Tukoji Shitole. References Sources Maratha clans
Arthur Stone (born Arthur Taylor Goetze; November 28, 1883 – September 4, 1940) was an American character actor of the late silent and early sound film eras. Biography Born in St. Louis, Missouri, on November 28, 1883, Stone entered the film industry by starring in several film shorts for the Hal Roach Studios in 1924 and 1925. 1926 would see his first appearance in a feature film, Miss Nobody, directed by Lambert Hillyer and starring Walter Pidgeon. During the remainder of the silent era, he would appear in over a dozen films, in either supporting or starring roles. 1926 would see him in supporting roles, but 1927 and 1928 would see him move up to star billing in such films as The Valley of the Giants (1927), The Farmer's Daughter (1928), and Chicken a la King (1928). With the advent of sound films, 1929 would see Stone continue to be cast in featured roles, such as The Far Call and Fugitives. The 1930s would see Stone almost exclusively in supporting and smaller roles, as in Bordertown (1935), starring Paul Muni and Bette Davis, and 1936's Fury, directed by Fritz Lang, and starring Sylvia Sidney and Spencer Tracy. His final on-screen performance would be in Edward F. Cline's Go Chase Yourself (1938), starring Joe Penner and Lucille Ball. During his brief career, he would appear in over 50 films, and numerous shorts. Stone died on September 4, 1940, in Hollywood, California, and was buried at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Glendale, California. Filmography (Per AFI database) The Girl from Montmartre (1926) Miss Nobody (1926) It Must Be Love (1926) The Silent Lover (1926) An Affair of the Follies (1927) Babe Comes Home (1927) Hard-Boiled Haggerty (1927) The Patent Leather Kid (1927) The Sea Tiger (1927) The Valley of the Giants (1927) Burning Daylight (1928) Chicken a La King (1928) The Farmer's Daughter (1928) Me, Gangster (1928) Red Wine (1928) Frozen Justice (1929) Captain Lash (1929) The Far Call (1929) Fox Movietone Follies of 1929 (1929) Fugitives (1929) New Year's Eve (1929) Thru Different Eyes (1929) The Bad Man (1930) The Arizona Kid (1930) The Lash (1930) The Girl of the Golden West (1930) Mamba (1930) On the Level (1930) The Vagabond King (1930) Bad Company (1931) The Conquering Horde (1931) One More Chance (1931) Secret Menace (1931) The Big Shot (1931) So Big (1932) While Paris Sleeps (1932) Roar of the Dragon (1932) The Broken Wing (1932) That's My Boy (1932) She Had to Choose (1934) Million Dollar Baby (1934) Love Birds (1934) I'll Tell the World (1934) Bordertown (1935) Charlie Chan in Egypt (1935) Hot Tip (1935) Under the Pampas Moon (1935) Fury (1936) as Durkin Back to Nature (1936) Westbound Mail (1937) Go Chase Yourself (1938) Other films not listed by AFI I Surrender Dear (1931) Sing, Bing, Sing (1933) References External links 20th-century American male actors American male film actors American male silent film actors Male actors from St. Louis 1883 births 1940 deaths Burials at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Glendale)
"Dreamers" is a 2022 song by South Korean singer Jungkook of BTS. Part of the 2022 FIFA World Cup official soundtrack, the song was released on November 20 to coincide with the first match of that year's FIFA World Cup and its opening ceremony. Live performances and release On November 19, Jungkook's agency Big Hit Music announced via Weverse his participation in the opening ceremony. The next day, FIFA's official Twitter account shared a video of the singer teasing his upcoming performance. The performance featured Jungkook in an all black suit surrounded by background dancers, being joined by Fahad Al Kubaisi wearing Qatari clothing midway through the performance. Music video A music video for the Fahad Al Kubaisi version of the song was announced, with a scheduled release date of November 22 with the video being released on FIFA's YouTube channel. Charts Weekly charts Monthly charts Year-end charts References 2022 songs 2022 singles 2022 FIFA World Cup 2101 Records singles BTS songs FIFA World Cup official songs and anthems Songs written by Jungkook Jungkook songs
Pacific Station is an American sitcom television series starring Robert Guillaume and Richard Libertini that aired on NBC from September 15, 1991 to January 3, 1992. The series was created by the team of Barry Fanaro, Mort Nathan, Kathy Speer and Terry Grossman. Synopsis Pacific Station centered around Detective Bob Ballard (Robert Guillaume), a wisecracking veteran cop who had been assigned to Pacific Station in Venice, California, apparently usually a dumping ground for eccentric and/or incompetent officers. Even more eccentric were the suspects the officers of Pacific Station brought in, as many were from nearby Venice Beach, a celebratedly off-center locale. The other officers of Pacific Station included Detective Richard Capparelli (Richard Libertini), fresh from treatment for his psychological problems, Detective Sandy Calloway (Megan Gallagher), and the brown-nosing Detective Al Burkhardt (Ron Leibman). In command of this hodgepodge was the recently promoted, immature, mother-fixated Captain Ken Epstein (Joel Murray), who had received the place which logic dictated should have gone to Bob. Frequently blustering his way through the station was Deputy Commissioner Hank Bishop (John Hancock), who never let anyone forget for a moment that he was a deputy commissioner. Richard Libertini had just recently worked with creators/producers Fanaro, Nathan, Speer and Grossman on NBC's The Fanelli Boys the previous season. Cast Robert Guillaume as Det. Bob Ballard Richard Libertini as Det. Richard Capparelli Megan Gallagher as Det. Sandy Calloway Ron Leibman as Det. Al Burkhardt Joel Murray as Capt. Ken Epstein John Hancock as Dep. Commissioner Hank Bishop Scheduling Pacific Station did not garner solid ratings, due to competition from ABC's America's Funniest People and CBS's Murder, She Wrote. It was put on hiatus in October 1991. Brought back in a new time slot in December, it was permanently cancelled in January 1992. Title Sequence The opening theme for Pacific Station was an in-house cover of Fontella Bass' "Rescue Me". The sequence began with shots of Venice Beach attractions, followed by the view of a police truck driving into the parking lot of the station as the title appeared on-screen. This proceeded into more videotaped scenes of the show and cast. Episodes References External links 1991 American television series debuts 1992 American television series endings 1990s American sitcoms 1990s American police comedy television series NBC original programming Television series by ABC Studios Television shows set in Los Angeles English-language television shows
Ei koskaan ("Never" in Finnish) is the fourth and last single from Ruoska's fifth album, Rabies. It was released digitally on the band's official MySpace page in April 2008 and on EMI's website (along with the music video). References External links "Ei koskaan" lyrics Ruoska songs 2008 singles 2008 songs EMI Records singles Song articles with missing songwriters
SAFE FOODS is a European project established in 2004 that deals with food safety. It aims to contribute to the restoration of consumer confidence in the safety of the European food chain, to protect the consumer from foodborne illness, and to refine risk analysis practices for food safety via an interdisciplinary approach. The full title of the project is "SAFE FOODS - Promoting a new, Integrated Risk Analysis Approach for Foods". The project is funded by the European Union (EU) Directorate-General for Research (European Commission) via the Sixth Framework Programme, under the ‘Quality and Safety of Food’ Priority Area. SAFE FOODS is also a founding member of COMMNET, a communication managers' network of several Sixth Framework projects dealing with food quality and safety issues. More than 95 natural and social scientists are involved in the project, coming from 37 institutions in 21 countries. Thematic research areas A broad range of research disciplines are used in the SAFE FOODS project, including molecular biology, microbiology, toxicology, probabilistic modeling, and disciplines of the social sciences and the political sciences. SAFE FOODS is divided in 5 sub-projects, namely Comparative safety evaluation of plant breeding approaches and production practices, Early detection of emerging food and feed risks, Quantitative risk assessment of combined exposure to food contaminants and natural toxins, Consumer research of food risk management perceptions, and Institutional challenges and solutions to systemic risk management. Background The governance of food safety has long been regarded as the domain of “experts” and professional risk managers, with minimal input from other interested parties such as consumers. However, a number of food safety incidents in Europe, related to, for example, genetically modified organisms, bovine spongiform encephalopathy, and dioxins, have severely damaged public trust in food safety regulation and management. This exposed a need for improvement in the current approach to food risk analysis. The SAFE FOODS project has been funded by the EU to develop a new approach in food risk analysis, integrating risk-benefit assessment of human health, consumer preferences and values, as well as impact analysis of socio-economical aspects. Compared to current frameworks, a lot of attention is given to active stakeholder (corporate) participation, increased transparency (humanities) in decision-making, improved interaction between risk assessors and risk managers and more effective communication throughout the risk analysis process. See also CommNet Food safety References SAFE FOODS dissemination flyer #1: “SAFE FOODS: Promoting Food Safety through a New Integrated Risk Analysis Approach for Foods”, 2005. SAFE FOODS dissemination flyer # 2: “SAFE FOODS: Progress and Results”, 2007. SAFE FOODS publications . Safe Foods. External links SAFE FOODS website SAFE FOODS e-learning module site European Union and science and technology European Union consumer protection policy Food safety in the European Union Food safety organizations
Tom Hull is an American music critic, web designer, and former software developer. Hull began writing criticism for The Village Voice in the mid 1970s under the mentorship of its music editor Robert Christgau, but left the field to pursue a career in software design and engineering during the 1980s and 1990s, which earned him the majority of his life's income. In the 2000s, he returned to music reviewing and wrote a jazz column for The Village Voice in the manner of Christgau's "Consumer Guide", alongside contributions to Seattle Weekly, The New Rolling Stone Album Guide, NPR Music, and the webzine Static Multimedia. Hull's jazz-focused database and blog Tom Hull – on the Web hosts his reviews and information on albums he has surveyed, as well as writings on books, politics, and movies. It shares a functional, low-graphic design with Christgau's website, which Hull also created and maintains as its webmaster. Education Hull attended Wichita State University before transferring to Washington University in St. Louis. Career In the mid 1970s, Hull accepted a job offer from lead critic Robert Christgau at The Village Voice in New York. His first assignment was to review the 1975 Bachman–Turner Overdrive album Four Wheel Drive. "Unfortunately, the [album] was their worst to date, but Christgau and I had sort of a working class bond over the band", he recalls. While he says Christgau had "welcomed me to New York, and further extended my ears … by 1979 or so my desire to write rock crit was flagging, and everyday life was moving on", citing in part the limited workload afforded to him by the Voice. He left the newspaper around 1980, but would later serve as a resource for Christgau's decade-encompassing "Consumer Guide" collection Christgau's Record Guide: The '80s (1990). Beginning in 1980, Hull worked in software engineering and design, which would earn him most of his life's income. He also worked on free and open source software, such as Linux. In 2001, Hull created Christgau's website – robertchristgau.com – at the latter's apartment in New York, where Hull's trip from Wichita had been prolonged by the September 11 attacks and the death of his nephew's wife in the World Trade Center. The website made the majority of Christgau's published writings and reviews freely available for public viewing. The idea for the site was conceived by Hull and went into development after Christgau embraced it in mid 2001. Hull's background in software lent him the expertise to create the website, adhering to a minimalist aesthetic favoring text over graphics. After robertchristgau.com went online, Christgau called Hull "a computer genius as well as an excellent and very knowledgeable music critic", and said that "the design of the website, especially its high searchability and small interest in graphics, are his idea of what a useful music site should be." Hull remained involved with the site as webmaster, a role which author and Oxford Brookes University music lecturer Dai Griffiths later applauded. "Anyone who studies Christgau is indebted to Tom Hull for his magisterial work on Christgau's website", Griffiths wrote in 2019 in the academic journal Rock Music Studies. Hull also created his own online database tomhull.com with a similar design. The site has hosted his past and contemporaneous writings as well as a catalog of primarily jazz-based records and reviews, which adopt the grading schema from Christgau's Consumer Guide: Albums of the '90s (2000). The jazz focus originates from Hull's personal collection, gradually built from reading jazz critics Gary Giddins and Francis Davis in the 1970s and 1980s, and from more thorough research of the jazz canon when Hull lost interest in rock during the 1990s, citing the period's domination by grunge and gangsta rap. In 2003, Hull was enlisted by Rolling Stone editor Christian Hoard to contribute entries for The New Rolling Stone Album Guide (2004). In February of that year, Hull also began writing "Recycled Goods" – a "Consumer Guide"-style column on archival music releases and reissues – for the Chicago-based webzine Static Multimedia at the behest of its editor Michael Tatum. In 2005, Christgau asked Hull to replace Giddins, who had been The Village Voices longtime jazz columnist before quitting. Although Christgau was dismissed from the Voice by new ownership the following year, Hull's "Jazz Consumer Guide" continued to be published in the paper for the next several years. During this period, he also contributed to Seattle Weekly. Hull's "Consumer Guide" reviews encouraged him to survey more jazz records for his own website, which was later expanded as Tom Hull – on the Web to include blog writings on movies, politics, and books. As he explains in 2014, "I've written several million words since 2003, expanded the ratings database from about 10,000 records to 23,000. I've tried to write a bit about everything I've listened to since 2006, so I have at least 10,000 notes on records – some can be called reviews, and some don't quite rise to that level." Christgau, who finds it personally difficult to review jazz in his own writing aesthetic, has since recommended Hull's website for readers seeking advice on jazz albums. In a commentary of Hull's jazz album reviews, Patrick Jarenwattananon of NPR writes: Hull has written for NPR Music and worked with Francis Davis in compiling ballots for the project's annual jazz critics poll. He has also voted in DownBeats annual international critics poll. Information and data from these polls are hosted on his website. See also 1970s in music Album era Rockism and poptimism References Bibliography Further reading External links 20th-century American male writers 20th-century American non-fiction writers 21st-century American male writers 21st-century American non-fiction writers American music critics American music journalists American software engineers Jazz writers Living people Rock critics The Village Voice people Washington University in St. Louis alumni Web designers Writers from Wichita, Kansas 1950 births Wichita State University alumni
Clifford Lawrence Allison (October 20, 1964 – August 13, 1992) was an American stock car racing driver. Son of NASCAR champion Bobby Allison, he was a member of the "Alabama Gang". He was killed in a crash during practice for a NASCAR Busch Series race at Michigan International Speedway in 1992. Life and career Son of the legendary Bobby Allison, nephew of Donnie and brother to Davey, Clifford Allison was raised in Hueytown, Alabama and was a member of stock car racing's "Alabama Gang". Allison was seen as "crazy wild" by his relatives, and his brother stated he believed Clifford had the greater talent of the two younger Allisons. After marrying young, he worked in a coal mine in Kentucky for a period in the 1980s, but soon returned to Alabama and shortly after was divorced. He was then briefly crew chief for his father's Busch Series race team before the team was disbanded in 1988. By that time remarried, Allison started his racing career in earnest in the early 1990s, competing in ARCA and NASCAR Busch Series events; he began the 1990 season competing for rookie of the year in the Busch Series, driving for Frank Cicci, but was released after the season's seventh race for poor performances. Allison drove for Clint Folsom on a limited basis in 1991, while in 1992 he joined team owner Barry Owen, intending to run the majority of the series schedule. Allison's best finish in professional stock car racing came in an ARCA race at Texas World Speedway in April 1992, where he finished second. Death During practice for the Detroit Gasket 200, a Busch Series race at Michigan International Speedway in August 1992, Allison spun in turn four, hitting the concrete wall with the driver's side; he died shortly thereafter while in transit to hospital. He was the first of two Allisons to die within the space of eleven months; his brother perished in a helicopter crash at Talladega Superspeedway the following year. Bobby Labonte and Richard Lasater were the first to reach the accident scene. It was reported that the driver's seat was "ripped from its moorings" in the accident and Allison was unrestrained in the crash. NASCAR officials disputed that there was significant equipment failure. "The integrity of the car's safety features were there," NASCAR vice president Les Richter said. "The seat had moved a bit, but it was not flopping around. The car hit the wall almost absolutely flush, and that's one of the worst kinds of accidents." On August 23, The Atlanta Constitution reported that according to "a driver who tried to assist Allison after the crash and a crew chief in the Grand National Series who requested anonymity, the cause of the fatal head injury was a broken seat, which prevented the safety harness from working properly and allowed Allison to be pitched into the car's roll cage." In January 1996, Allison's estate filed a lawsuit against NASCAR, Michigan International Speedway, car-owner Barry Owen, helmet and harness manufacturer Simpson Performance Products, and seat builder Brian Butler. It was alleged that the faulty equipment and poor inspections turned a crash that should have been survable into a fatal injury. A judge excused NASCAR, Michigan, and Owen from the lawsuit but Simpson and Butler failed to respond to the lawsuit and were held financially responsible for Allison's death. Motorsports career results NASCAR (key) (Bold – Pole position awarded by qualifying time. Italics – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time. * – Most laps led.) Busch Series References Citations Bibliography External links 1964 births 1992 deaths People from Hueytown, Alabama Sportspeople from Jefferson County, Alabama Racing drivers from Alabama NASCAR drivers ARCA Menards Series drivers American Speed Association drivers Sports deaths in Michigan Racing drivers who died while racing Alabama Gang Burials in Alabama
Dorithia paraviridana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Guatemala. References Moths described in 1991 Euliini
Chester Watson may refer to: Chester Watson (bass-baritone) (1911–1979), American opera singer Chester Watson (cricketer) (born 1938), Jamaican cricketer Chester Watson (rapper), American rapper
List of World of Springfield figures and playsets is a compilation of action figures and other items related to the animated sitcom The Simpsons and provided in the World of Springfield play toy line released by Playmates Toys in December 1999. After the last of the toy line was released in December 2004, the fictional toy world eventually encompassed over 200 different figures and characters from the series, 40 interactive playsets (toy re-creations of Simpsons interior settings and town location settings within Springfield), and three non-interactive diorama town settings. List of figures and playsets Wave one Release date: January 2000 Homer Simpson - With donut, Duff Beer can, remote control and packet of "Salty Snax" Bart Simpson - With Santa's Little Helper, skateboard, slingshot, and spray paint can Lisa Simpson - With saxophone, stack of school books and Snowball Grampa Simpson - With removable glasses, newspaper and magnifying glass Mr. Burns - With money stacks and Blinky Krusty the Clown - With video camera, Krusty-O's, Krusty Burger, Krusty Fries and Krusty Shake Wave one playsets Release date: February 2000 Simpsons Living Room with Marge and Maggie Simpson - With TV, tray of cookies and bag of groceries Nuclear Power Plant with Radioactive Homer — With removable hood, plate of donuts and tongs with radioactive rod Wave two Release date: August 2000 Pin Pal Homer - With bowling ball and bowling bag Barney Gumble - With sub sandwich and beer mug Ned Flanders - With Bible, removable glasses, chef's hat and spatula Waylon Smithers - With clipboard, removable glasses and picture of Mr. Burns Chief Wiggum - With coffee, nightstick and donut Sunday Best Bart — With slingshot, Bible and Radioactive Man comic Wave two playsets Release date: August 2000 Kwik-E-Mart with Apu Nahasapeemapetilon - With hot dog and Squishee Springfield Elementary with Principal Skinner - With American flag and clipboard Wave three Release date: January 2001 Sunday Best Homer — With Bible, radio and foam hand Nelson Muntz - With baseball bat, spray can, water balloon and paper airplane Moe Szyslak - With rag, beer mug and phone Kamp Krusty Bart - With bow and arrow, slingshot, quiver with arrows and can of "Imitation Gruel" Milhouse Van Houten - With ice cream cone, Squishy, removable glasses and walkie talkie Otto Mann - With guitar and headphones Wave three playsets Release date: January 2001 Town Hall with Mayor Quimby - With Mayor sash, gavel, briefcase of money and "Vote Quimby" sign Krustylu Studios with Sideshow Bob - With knife, axe, bomb, stage light, "Die Bart" license plate, cannon and movie camera. Wave four Release date: April 2001 Lenny Leonard - With plate of donuts, beer mug and bowling bag Ralph Wiggum - With stack of books, toy rocket, keys on a chain and Radioactive Man comic Patty Bouvier - With video, clipboard and picture of Principal Skinner Groundskeeper Willie - With shovel and rake Casual Homer — With remote control, Duff beer, removable sunglasses and "Salty Snax" Itchy & Scratchy - With mallet and axe Wave four playsets Release date: April 2001 Android's Dungeon Comic Book Shop with Comic Book Guy - With half-eaten cheeseburger and a shake Barney's Bowl-A-Rama with Pin Pal Apu - With bowling ball and bag Wave five Release date: July 2001 Kent Brockman - With half-eaten donut, clipboard and microphone Captain McCallister — With harpoon, can of tuna and pipe. Bartman — With three comics, slingshot and toy rocket Martin Prince - With apple, clipboard, magnifying glass, stack of books and cookie tray Sideshow Mel — With cannon and slide whistle Bumblebee Man — With clipboard, bowl, spoon and video camera Note: This is the only series to not release a playset. Wave six Release date: September 2001 Dr. Hibbert — With stethoscope, medical bag, clipboard, reflex hammer and 'shot gun' Snake Jailbird — With handgun, bag of money and handcuffs Bleeding Gums Murphy — With saxophone and "Sax on the Beach" album Carl Carlson - With container of donuts, beer mug, donut, bowling bag and drum of radioactive waste Mascot Homer - With hat, number one hand and radio Professor John Frink - With hat, beaker, test tubes and clipboard Wave six playsets Release date: September 2001 First Church of Springfield with Reverend Lovejoy - With Bible, toy train and conductor's hat Noiseland Arcade with Jimbo Jones — With melting ice cream sandwich, video cassette and video camera Wave seven Release date: December 2001 Dolph Starbeam — With water balloon, yo-yo, comic book and Squishy Cletus Spuckler - With boots, moonshine, picture of Brandine and roadkill Edna Krabappel - With clipboard, photo frame, pen, and can of food Officer Lou — With nightstick, handgun, donuts in tray and handcuffs Hans Moleman - With magnifying glass, cane, removable glasses, clipboard and football Officer Marge - With night stick, gun, counterfeit jeans, clipboard and handcuffs Wave seven playsets Release date: December 2001 The Simpsons Kitchen with Muumuu Homer - With hat, bag of "Much Ado about Stuffing" and weigh scale Krusty Burger with Pimply Faced Teen — With hat, tray, burger box, french fries and cup Wave eight Release date: March 2002 Kearney Zzyzwicz — With spray can, Newton, Squishy and bat Sherri and Terri — With jump rope Ragin' Willie - With tub of grease, shotgun and flask Üter — With bag of chips, two pieces of candy and stack of books Superintendent Chalmers — With coffee cup, clipboard and phone Daredevil Bart - With skateboard, removable helmet and autographed picture of Lance Murdock Wave eight playsets Release date: March 2002 Springfield DMV (Department of Motor Vehicles) with Selma Bouvier - With rope barrier and Jub-Jub Springfield Elementary Cafeteria with Lunchlady Doris — With spoon, rat and sneeze guard Wave nine Release date: June 2002 Rod and Todd Flanders — With picture of Maude and "Good Samaritan" board game. Busted Krusty the Clown - With handgun, bag of money, handcuffs and number four sign Prison Sideshow Bob - With rake, small knife, bomb and detonator Sunday Best Grampa — With bottle of aspirin, fez hat, Bible, removable glasses, jar of pomade and stick of beef jerky Disco Stu — With album, sales chart and disco ball Sunday Best Lisa — With chocolate Easter bunny, removable hat and donation plate Wave nine playsets Release date: June 2002 Police Station with Officer Eddie — With handcuffs, desk, nightstick and handgun Springfield Retirement Castle with Jasper Beardly — With potted plant, TV and cane Wave ten Release date: October 2002 Stonecutter Homer - With Stonecutter book, framed certificate, removable hat and beer stein Wendell Borton — With banana, apple, orange, stack of books and barf bag Sunday Best Marge and Maggie — With purse, removable hats and Bible Scout Leader Flanders — With scout knife, book on knife safety, removable scout's hat and glasses, half a pine cone and flare gun Dr. Marvin Monroe — With foam bat, cash, clipboard, diploma and removable glasses Resort Smithers — With phone, removable glasses, bag of pineapples and suitcase Wave ten playsets Release date: October 2002 Burns Manor with Pajamas Burns — With nightcap, snow globe, red chair, fireplace screen and Bobo Hospital with Dr. Nick Riviera — With Buzz Cola can, open pizza box, table, rack of 4 test tubes, jar of cotton and 3 medical tools Wave eleven Release date: December 2002 Larry Burns - With picture of young Mr. Burns, squash candy, Springfield sign, "Gone Drinkin'" sign and briefcase Plow King Barney - With cell phone, removable crown, baby bottle, Champagne bottle in ice and baseball bat Blue Haired Lawyer — With evidence tape, briefcase, legal pad, removable glasses, pencil and bottle of Colonel Kwik-E-Mart's Kentucky Bourbon Kirk Van Houten — With folder of divorce notes, tissue box, removable glasses, notepad and demo tape Gil Gunderson — With Dolceo computer, poker chips, foot ruler, tongs with stinky socks and bottle of seltzer Rainier Wolfcastle - With dumbbell, trophy, Radioactive Man script and Powersauce Bar Wave eleven playset Release date: December 2002 Court Room with Judge Snyder - With American flag, gavel, law book and guilty verdict Note: From Wave 11 to 16, only one playset was released, unlike the first ten series. Wave twelve Release date: April 2003 Number One - With Stonecutter ceremonial hat (removable), beer stein, Stonecutter book and paddle Database — With lunch tray, stack of books, removable glasses and a small horn Mr. Largo — With metronome, music stand, baton, chalk holder and sheet music Don Vittorio — With clown bicycle, seltzer bottle, black overcoat, folded wad of money and handgun Luann Van Houten — With "Kirk" moving box, stacked boxes, tape dispenser, removable glasses and can of lighter fluid Mr. Plow Homer - With removable hat, key to the city, "Stock for V.P." T-shirt and stack of Mr. Plow flyers Wave twelve playset Release date: April 2003 Bart's Treehouse with Military Bart - With removable helmet and sunglasses, pile of water balloons, binoculars, baton and desk Wave thirteen Release date: July 2003 Helen Lovejoy — With shopping bag, "Holy Rollers" bowling bag, bowling trophy and wrestling poster for El Bombastico Freddy Quimby - With golf bag, golf club, surfboard and bowl of chowder Tuxedo Krusty - With microphone, microphone stand, pink "Krusty" coffee mug, Gabbo newspaper headline and jewel encrusted clown nose Legs — With switchblade, rifle, picture of the missing Skinner and a bill counter Princess Kashmir — With framed picture of her and Homer, camera and boombox Dr. Stephen Hawking - With a beer mug. Hawking's wheelchair had four removable rockets (2 short and 2 long), a removable propeller, boxing glove and glasses Wave thirteen playset Release date: July 2003 Military Antique Store with Herman Hermann — With a dirigible, warhead, two swords, rolled documents/plans in bin, rope barrier, riding crop and rifle Wave fourteen Release date October 2003 Louie — With rifle, martini glass, carton of rat milk and briefcase of money Kilted Willie — With Loch Ness Monster doll, bagpipes, hat and tripod Ms. Botz - With suitcase, "Happy Little Elves" video, rope and tape Luigi Risotto — With open pizza box, removable chef's hat, bottle of wine and restaurant sign Sarcastic Man — With "World's Greatest Jacket", nightvision goggles, hat and the "ultimate" belt Miss Hoover — With coffee mug, removable glasses, "Teacher's Edition" book, bag of standardized tests and "Gimme! Gimme! Gimme!" sign Wave fourteen playset Release date: October 2003 Aztec Theater with McBain — With handgun, machine gun and a hand grenade Wave fifteen Release date: January 2004 Manjula Nahasapeemapetilon — With Buzz Cola bottle (with nipple for the babies), a laundry basket of clothes and a heavy stack of Wuv's diapers The Octuplets - With stroller Handsome Moe - With eye patch, coaster, Duff calendar (with damage from the stickers) and plot book Deep Space Homer - With intelligent monkey, carbon rod and packet of "Salty Snax" Brandine Spuckler — With boots, "Classy Lady" shirt and scarf Comic Book Guy - With four comics Wave fifteen playset Release date: January 2004 Nuclear Power Plant Lunchroom with Frank Grimes - With small table, flask of acid, Grimes' lunch bag, sandwich, tray of donuts and a plate of mushrooms Wave sixteen Release date: June 2004 Brain Freeze Bart — With Squishy, funnel and comic book Agnes Skinner — With picture of Skinner, keys, head pillow and locket Evil Homer — With pitchfork Artie Ziff — With prom king crown, trophy and picture of him and Marge and removable glasses Doug — With removable "Petting Zoo hat", computer and removable glasses Benjamin and Gary — With two removable "Petting Zoo" hats and removable Gary's glasses Wave sixteen playset Release date: September 2004 Town Square with Jebediah Springfield — With removable head of Jebediah's statue and backpack Toyfare exclusives Release date: October 2000 Radioactive Glow-In-The-Dark Homer — With removable hood, glow in the dark plate of donuts and tongs Release date: July 2001 Pin Pal Burns — With bowling ball and bag Release date: October 2001 Boxing Homer — With two boxing gloves Release date: December 2001 Convention Comic Book Guy — With a comic Release date: December 2001 Pin Pal Moe — With bowling ball and bag Toys-R-Us exclusives Release date: September 2000 Treehouse of Horror 1 Springfield Cemetery with Devil Flanders, Fly Bart, Vampire Burns, and Ape Homer - With pitchfork, removable Flanders's glasses and evil Krusty doll Release date: September 2001 Treehouse of Horror 2 Alien Spaceship with Spaceship Homer, Kang and Kodos - With book for How to cook for humans and Space probe Release date: August 2002 Treehouse of Horror 3 Ironic Punishment with Dream Invader Willie, Witch Marge, Hugo Simpson, and Donut Head Homer - With donut, broom, rake and human parts in a tub Release date: September 2003 Treehouse of Horror 4 Underground Lair with Stretch Dude Bart, Lucy Lawless as Xena, Clobber Girl Lisa, and The Collector Comic Book Guy — With the Collector's ray gun Release date: August 2002 Barney's Bowl-A-Rama with Bowling Marge and Jacques - With two bowling balls and a bowling bag Release date: October 2003 Simpson's Rumpus Room with Original Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa, and Maggie - With boxing gloves, ball, mallet and punching bag Release date: November 2001 Simpson's Christmas with Christmas Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa, and Maggie on Santa's Little Helper - With piano Release date: September 2002 Main Street with Crazy Old Man and Squeaky Voiced Teen — With removable hat and cane Release date: April 2002 Lurleen Lumpkin's Trailer with Colonel Homer and Lurleen Lumpkin - With removable Colonel Homer's hat and guitar Release date: November 2002 New Years Town Square with New Year Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa, and Maggie — With large noise maker, small noise maker, martini glass, party hooter, Flagpole, 2003 flag, horn and star Release date: September 2003 The Be Sharps Centennial with Dr. Dolittle Wiggum — With microphone EB Games exclusives Release date: September 2001 Lunar Base with Rainier Wolfcastle as Radioactive Man and Milhouse as Fallout Boy - With barrel of acid, script and flag Release date: October 2002 KBBL Radio Station with Bill and Marty — With two headphones and two microphones Release date: October 2003 The Next Century with Future Burns, Future Smithers, Bobo Smitherz — With ragged Bobo and two removable Smithers's glasses Release date: April 2002 High School Prom with Young Homer and Marge — With corsage Release date: January 2003 Moe's Tavern with Duffman — With beer glass Mail away Release date: Late 2002 Be Sharp Homer - With cane and removable straw hat Release date: Early 2003 Be Sharp Apu - With cane and removable straw hat Release date: May 2003 Be Sharp Skinner - With cane and removable straw hat Release date: Late 2003 Be Sharp Barney - With cane and removable straw hat Release date: Late 2003 Stonecutter Moe - With beer stein, paddle and damaged certificate Release date: Early 2004 Stonecutter Lenny - With paddle, book and beer stein Release date: October 2002 Llewellyn Sinclair (Voiced by Jon Lovitz) - With pen, newspaper review, "Ayn Rand School for Tots" and script Release date: October 2002 Cooder (Voiced by Jim Varney) - With tackle box, money bundles, rings for the ring toss and oversized comb Celebrity Voices wave one Release date: February 2002 Troy McClure (Voiced by Phil Hartman) - With two videos, phone, clipboard and microphone Herbert Powell (Voiced by Danny DeVito) - With cell phone, clipboard, briefcase and drawing board with plans for the baby translator Fat Tony (Voiced by Joe Mantegna) - With handgun, bat, cigar and bundle of money Celebrity Voices wave two Release date: June 2002 Lionel Hutz (Voiced by Phil Hartman) - With diploma, briefcase, monkey statue and business card Brad Goodman (Voiced by Albert Brooks) - With cup, book, can, seminar sign and video tape Celebrity Voices wave three Release date: October 2002 Hank Scorpio (Voiced by Albert Brooks) - With a grenade, walkie-talkie and flame-thrower This item was available as part of Wave Ten Dioramas Release date: July 2003 Outside Simpsons House with Homer, Marge, and Maggie Simpson Outside Kwik-E-Mart with Grampa Simpson & Apu Outside Krustylu Studios with Krusty The Clown & Milhouse Re-releases Release date: April 2003 Moe Szyslak Charles Montgomery Burns References External links World of Springfield World of Simpsons Action figures Figures
The Breeze (Bridgwater & West Somerset) formerly Quay West and Total Star Somerset was an Independent Local Radio station serving the Sedgemoor District, Bridgwater and West Somerset. The station was folded into Greatest Hits Radio South West, as part of a rebrand, on 1 September 2020. History Quay West 100.4/102.8 was originally launched as 102.4 Quay West Radio on 15 August 1998. Quay West 107.4 was originally launched in July 2001 as BCRfm, before both BCR and Quay West 100.8/102.4 were bought by Choice Media Group. BCRfm was then renamed Quay West 107.4. 102.4 & 100.8 Quaywest 102.4 was originally conceived by an Independent Local Radio presenter Keri Jones, who ran the first Restricted Service Licence (RSL) in 1995. Following a final RSL in December 1996 a County Councillor and local businessman, Phil Greatorex, created the financial structure necessary for Quay West Radio Ltd to apply for a full-time licence. 107.4 During the late 1990s, many trial stations took place in Bridgwater and Sedgemoor. The first Restricted Service Licence station went on air in April 1996 on 105.4, under the direction of Keri Jones who had successfully launched Quay West Radio in West Somerset. Between 1996 and 1999, other 4-week trials were operated by companies called Riverside 105, BCR FM, and Sedgemoor Coast FM. In 1999 the Radio Authority confirmed that Bridgwater would get its own full-time radio service. Four groups entered applications: Bridge FM, BCR FM, Sedgemoor Coast FM and Riverside 105. BCR FM won the licence in May 2000 and went on air on 4 July 2001. BCRfm was subsequently purchased by Choice Media, and was sold in July 2006 to Laser Broadcasting. The station had always remained a local service for the area, with Mark Painter, Dave Englefield and Nick Rickards from the original Restricted Service Licence team. The station relaunched at 10pm on 28 February 2007 as Quay West 107.4 to bring it in line with a station of the same name in the Minehead area of West Somerset. Quaywest Stations The original transmitter is located on North Hill, Minehead. The signal from the studios is beamed to the transmitter site by a microwave link. The original North Hill transmitter was 1 kW, but in March 2004, permission was granted to increase this to 4 kW from the same site, and a smaller relay was added to cover the area of Porlock, which had previously not been able to receive the station. The frequency for this is 100.8 MHz. Online streaming came in 2003 and was provided by Vivid London Limited. Sister station BCR FM began streaming shortly afterwards. The station had never entered into RAJAR (the organization that measures audiences for radio) until 2005, where, in its first survey, out of a total potential audience of 28,000 adults (15+), the station's reach was 8,000, or 37% of the population, per week. In 2005, Quay West was re-branded "Quay FM". This was short lived, and "Quay West" was reinstated in 2006. Ten years after launch, the studios were still located in the offices of a disused weighbridge that overlooks the marina providing line of sight to the transmitter. The first jingles were made by Bespoke Music and featured a chime melody based on the bells of Dunster's St. George's Church, which the station retained until 2001. A further ident package was produced by Steve England. In September 2008 it was suggested parent company Laser Broadcasting were in financial trouble and posts on forums suggested the company had failed to pay its staff for several months. On 3 October 2008 it was announced that a petition to wind-up Laser had been published. Later that month, it was reported that Laser Broadcasting had volunteered to go into administration. Then came the revelation that the stations would be run in the interim by Bridgwater Broadcasting Services (BBS) Ltd whilst administrators were appointed. Both stations were then taken over along with 3 other stations by a new company, South West Radio Ltd. After Laser Broadcasting went into administration, the two Quaywest stations were bought by South West Radio Ltd. In 2009, South West Radio also went into administration. A new company, Your Media Communications Group plc, was formed and took over ownership of the assets of South West Radio, including Swindon-based Brunel FM and nearby Bath FM and 3TR FM. Communications Regulator OFCOM refused to transfer the licences to Your Media Group (YMC) in December 2009 and again in 2010. The licences remain with the original Ltd companies and therefore effectively all 5 radio services, including the two Quaywest stations, remain in administration. On 24 March 2010, the five Your Media Communications Group Ltd stations were closed by administrators after multiple refusals on the part of regulator OFCOM to transfer the licences, following a number of financial issues at the stations following TLRC's sale. In early 2010, the 5 stations were purchased by One Gold Radio Ltd and in August 2010 the stations were relaunched using the Total Star brand owned by Red Media Services Ltd through a service agreement. Quaywest, plus its four sister stations, Brunel FM, 3TR FM, Bath FM, and Quaywest 107.4, were eventually bought by Celador, who run TotalStar 107.5 in Gloucestershire; all stations were rebranded as TotalStar. In Quaywest Online was the new version of Quaywest FM, broadcasting online, with former Quay West FM presenters Dave Englefield, Mark Painter, David Mortimer, Brian Leaker, Nick Francis, Lisa Coombes, and James Aldred. Ofcom revoked the licence, announcing it would terminate at the end of 2011. The Breeze In August 2011, Ofcom confirmed that they would be shortening the licence for the Bridgwater and West Somerset FM licences, triggering a re-advertisement of the licences., stating that "...in view of the licensee's unsatisfactory record of compliance with licence conditions, we will not be implementing the special application procedure...". Subsequent to this, it was announced that The Breeze, which already operated in Bristol (formerly as Star 107.2), and which had recently been awarded the re-advertised Total Star Bath licence, would acquire the remainder of the existing Somerset licence and broadcast The Breeze on the former QuayWest and BCR frequencies from Sunday 7 August 2011. The re-advertisement of the licence will still go ahead, and it is likely that The Breeze will apply to be awarded the 'new' replacement licence. In December 2011, Midwest Radio stations in Yeovil and Dorset were sold Celador Radio after Midwest Radio Ltd decided not to contest with the Bridgwater licence. After an approval request with Ofcom, both stations were relaunched as The Breeze at midnight on 25 June 2012, merging with The Breeze in Bridgwater. See also The Breeze (radio network) Bauer Radio References External links Radio stations in Somerset Radio stations established in 2011 Greatest Hits Radio Bauer Radio
Frode Johnsen (born 17 March 1974) is a Norwegian former professional footballer who played for Odd and Rosenborg in the Tippeligaen and for Nagoya Grampus and Shimizu S-Pulse in Japan. He played in several positions, but was preferred as a striker or midfielder. Johnsen is 188 cm tall, and was a good header of the ball. In his final season for Odds BK in 2015, Johnsen won the Kniksen's Honour Award for his long career as a footballer. He retired in the age of 41. In 2013, he became the topscorer in Tippeligaen, which also made him the oldest topscorer in a European league ever. Club career Early years Johnsen began his career with minnows Skotfoss TIF, but did not make his Tippeligaen debut until a switch to Odd Grenland where he made his debut in the Norwegian Premier League in 1999 at the age of 25. Rosenborg 2000 He was transferred to Rosenborg mid-season in 2000, as a replacement for John Carew. Johnsen previously studied to be a police officer during his time in Odd Grenland, but quit school to play for Rosenborg. He played fifteen games for Rosenborg in his first season, scoring nine goals – 12 in total, as he scored three goals for Odd before the switch. His new club and he won the championship. Rosenborg narrowly missed out on qualifying from the group stage of the Champions League. Johnsen did very well, scoring five goals in six games – including a hat-trick against Helsingborg. As they finished third, they advanced to the UEFA Cup where they crashed out in the first round to Alavés, Johnsen scored the goal in the 1–1 away leg, but could not prevent Rosenborg from losing 3–1 at home. 2001 In his first full season he became joint top-scorer with 17 goals (shared with Thorstein Helstad and Clayton Zane), playing in all games but one. Rosenborg won the league again by a single point ahead of Lillestrøm. In the Champions League Rosenborg finished fourth in their group. Johnsen played in all six games but one and did not score any goals, though he netted one in the qualifiers. 2002 Johnsen won his third championship in a row in 2002. He only played in 17 out of 26 games due to injury, scoring seven goals. In the Champions League he scored twice in the qualification round, but did not score any in the group stages as Rosenborg only got four points and finished last, despite losing only two games. 2003 He was involved in every game in the 2003 season as Rosenborg cruised through the championship, winning by 14 points. Johnsen scored 15 goals, only beaten with two by teammate Harald Brattbakk. He also won the cup with Rosenborg over Bodø/Glimt, scoring the equaliser as Rosenborg eventually won 3–1. He was the top scorer of the cup, scoring 11 goals in seven games. In the Champions League, Rosenborg and Johnsen failed to reach the group stage, losing narrowly to Deportivo in the qualifiers. They still got to play UEFA Cup, and had a good run before losing on away goals to Benfica. Johnsen played in all but one game in Europe this season, scoring two goals in nine games. 2004 The 2004 season was dramatic and very memorable season for Frode Johnsen. Rosenborg fought with Vålerenga for the championship, and before the last game of the season, Rosenborg was in the lead, but only on more scored goals. Seven minutes from time in Rosenborg's game against FC Lyn, Vålerenga made it 3–0 in their league game. Rosenborg was leading 3–1 at the time and needed one more to win the league, and in stoppage time Frode Johnsen scored his third of the game with a diving header, winning the championship . Johnsen played in all game and was named top scorer that year, notching up 19 goals in the process. He did not score as many in Europe, but nevertheless, Rosenborg was back in the Champions League. Only two points this time, and Johnsen scored two goals in total (w/ Q-rounds). 2005 After winning five championships in a row, the 2005 season was a devastating one as his team only finished 7th. Johnsen scored only seven goals in his 23 games that season. In 2005, both RCD Mallorca and AC Sparta Prague were interested in signing Johnsen, but nothing happened. He was involved in all Champions League games, but did not score. They finished third in a group which contained Real Madrid, Lyon and Olympiacos, but was eliminated in the first UEFA Cup round against FC Zenit St. Petersburg. 2006 Frode Johnsen started the season well, and halfway through the season he had scored six goals in 13 games before Nagoya Grampus Eight came knocking. Johnsen could not resist the chance of going to play abroad and after serving Rosenborg faithfully for a number of years, they let him go and sold him in July 2006. In all competitions, Johnsen played 234 games and scored 125 goals for Rosenborg. Nagoya Grampus He signed an 18-month contract and started his Nagoya career by scoring twice in an away match against JEF United Chiba on 29 July 2006. Nagoya won the match 3–2. He scored eight more times finishing with ten goals in 18 games as Nagoya Grampus finished in 7th place. In his first full season in 2007, Nagoya only managed an 11th place. He scored 13 goals in 26 games. In 2008, Johnsen and Nagoya fought for the J1 League championship until the final day, but ended up in third place, qualifying for an Asian Champions league spot. On 28 October 2008, Frode Johnsen stated that he would stay in Japan for at least one more year, either for Nagoya or another Japanese club. Shimizu S-Pulse On 18 November 2008, Frode Johnsen announced that he would be leaving Nagoya after this season, and that he was only a medical away from securing a move to another Japanese club. He did not reveal which club it was until the 2008 season was over. It was eventually known that he would join Shimizu S-Pulse for the 2009 season. Shimizu S-Pulse finished in 7th place in his first season and five points from an AFC Champions League place, as Johnsen scored nine league goals. On 1 August Johnsen scored his first hat-trick in the J-League in a 6–3 win against Shonan Bellmare. On 14 November 2010, Johnsen scored one goal in a 5–0 win against Shonan Bellmare in what will be his last league game in Japan. He has announced that he will return to Norway after this season. International career Frode Johnsen has 34 caps, and has scored 10 goals for the Norwegian national team. He made his debut against Finland on 16 August 2000 coming on for Steffen Iversen 20 minutes from time. His first international goal came against Wales in a 2002 FIFA World Cup qualifier. He remained a regular member of the Norway squad until 2007, but lost his place after moving to Japan. The long flight distance between Europe and Japan was cited as one of the reasons why he did not play in more games after joining Nagoya Grampus. On 1 September 2013, Johnsen was recalled to the national team squad, more than six years after his last cap, ahead of the 2014 World Cup qualifying matches against Cyprus and Switzerland. He did not play in either match, but kept his place in the squad for the matches against Slovenia and Iceland in October 2013. In the match against Slovenia on 11 October 2013, Johnsen came on as a late substitute, becoming the oldest player ever to play for the Norwegian national team. He repeated the feat in the home match against Iceland four days later, at the age of . Career statistics Club Note: Europe continental also includes Royal League (2004 season) International goals Scores and results list Norway's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Johnsen goal. Honours Rosenborg Norwegian Premier League (6): 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2006 Norwegian Football Cup: 2003 Individual Tippeligaen Top goalscorer: 2001, 2004, 2013 Norwegian Football Association Gold Watch Norwegian Cup Top goalscorer: 2014 References External links Player profile from RBKweb Player profile from RBKweb (nor) 1974 births Living people Footballers from Skien Men's association football forwards Norwegian men's footballers Norway men's international footballers Odds BK players Rosenborg BK players Eliteserien players Norwegian First Division players J1 League players Nagoya Grampus players Shimizu S-Pulse players Norwegian expatriate men's footballers Norwegian expatriate sportspeople in Japan Expatriate men's footballers in Japan
Displacement activities occur when an animal experiences high motivation for two or more conflicting behaviours: the resulting displacement activity is usually unrelated to the competing motivations. Birds, for example, may peck at grass when uncertain whether to attack or flee from an opponent; similarly, a human may scratch their head when they do not know which of two options to choose. Displacement activities may also occur when animals are prevented from performing a single behaviour for which they are highly motivated. Displacement activities often involve actions which bring comfort to the animal such as scratching, preening, drinking or feeding. In the assessment of animal welfare, displacement activities are sometimes used as evidence that an animal is highly motivated to perform a behaviour that the environment prevents. One example is that when hungry hens are trained to eat from a particular food dispenser and then find the dispenser blocked, they often begin to pace and preen themselves vigorously. These actions have been interpreted as displacement activities, and similar pacing and preening can be used as evidence of frustration in other situations. Psychiatrist and primatologist Alfonso Troisi proposed that displacement activities can be used as non-invasive measures of stress in primates. He noted that various non-human primates perform self-directed activities such as grooming and scratching in situations likely to involve anxiety and uncertainty, and that these behaviours are increased by anxiogenic (anxiety-producing) drugs and reduced by anxiolytic (anxiety-reducing) drugs. In humans, he noted that similar self-directed behaviour, together with aimless manipulation of objects (chewing pens, twisting rings), can be used as indicators of "stressful stimuli and may reflect an emotional condition of negative affect". More recently the term 'displacement activity' has been widely adopted to describe a form of procrastination. It is commonly used in the context of what someone does intentionally to keep themselves busy whilst, at the same time, avoiding doing something else that would be a better use of their time. History of the concept In 1940, two Dutch researchers Kortlandt and Tinbergen independently identified what was to become known as displacement activities. The subsequent development of research on displacement activities arose from Konrad Lorenz's works on instincts. Tinbergen in 1952 noted, for example, that "two skylarks engaged in furious combat [may] suddenly peck at the ground as if they were feeding", or birds on the point of mating may suddenly begin to preen themselves. Tinbergen adopted the term "displacement activities" because the behaviour appeared to be displaced from one behavioural system into another. In 1902, in The Little White Bird, J. M. Barrie refers to sheep in Kensington Gardens nibbling the grass in nervous agitation immediately after being shorn, and to Solomon, the wise crow, drinking water when he was frustrated and outwitted in an argument with other birds. Another bird encourages him to drink in order to compose himself. These references to displacement activities in a work of literature indicate that the phenomenon was well recognized at the turn of the twentieth century. A further early description of a displacement activity (though not the use of the term) is by Julian Huxley in 1914. See also Displacement (psychology) Ethogram Procrastination Vacuum activity References External links Cats international about displacement activities with cats. Ethology
Ceryx aethalodes is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Wileman and West in 1928. It is found on the Philippines (Luzon). References Ceryx (moth) Moths described in 1928 Moths of the Philippines
Daeg Neergaard Faerch (; born September 27, 1995), also known as GreatDaeg or Dnmrkboom is an American actor, singer, songwriter, and rapper. He is perhaps best known for his portrayal of young Michael Myers in Rob Zombie's horror remake Halloween (2007). Faerch has also played in theatrical productions of Grapes of Wrath in which he played the role of Winfield, Marat/Sade in which he played the role of young Herald, Waiting for Godot playing the messenger, and Shakespeare Unabridged as a musical guest. He has performed in multiple Shakespeare productions, including Coriolanus, in which he played young Coriolanus, The Merry Wives of Windsor, and Hamlet. He also landed the role of Pincegurre in the French play L'Impromptu de Théophile, as well as a role in the comedy The Nerd, in which he played the character Thor Waldgrave. In addition to English, Faerch speaks French. On YouTube Faerch has posted videos in which he performs in rap music videos under the name "GreatDaeg". His albums include Stunt from the 6 (2018), Vlad (2019), Albino Animal (2019), Quarantime (2020), Wicked Wicked West (2020), and Pieces (2020). Career Halloween As a child actor, Faerch was cast in the Halloween remake as a young Michael Myers, performing his own stunts. Faerch's performance as the murderous young Myers was met with positive reviews. KPBS said of the young actor: "Daeg Faerch is key in making these early scenes work. He delivers a truly chilling performance as a surprisingly sweet, soft and feminine looking ten-year-old Myers. His physical appearance contrasts with his brutal actions and it's only in his eyes that you perceive his true nature...Faerch's Myers can be like a normal kid one minute and a monster the next." Although Faerch was initially signed on to reprise his role as young Michael Myers in the sequel, Halloween II (then known as H2), after filming briefly in Georgia as young Michael, he was later recast because he had grown taller. He was replaced by Chase Wright Vanek. Other projects Faerch has a comedic role as a character named Michel in Peter Berg's 2008 Will Smith film, Hancock, where he plays a French American neighborhood boy who swears at Smith and is thrown into the sky by the titular superhero for insulting him, but falls back to earth unharmed with Hancock catching him. Faerch's other projects include the thriller Sebastian in the title role, which also features his mother; the Christmas comedy Wreck the Halls starring Mickey Rooney as Santa Claus; the short film "Suffer the Little Children", based on a story by Stephen King co-starring his mother. Faerch also performed in 2008 episodes of the TV show Pushing Daisies, as a German schoolboy. He also recently co-starred as a homosexual young man named Jesse in the award-winning short film, Mental. On April 14, 2012, Faerch's 2010/2011 film Sebastian premiered at the Independent Film Quarterly (IFQ) Film and Webisode Festival, its only screening, where it also won Best Sci-Fi Feature. A serious, near-fatal head injury and emergency surgery put Faerch's career on hold in 2012. In April 2013, Faerch and Kimberly J. Brown were attached to star in a science fiction thriller entitled Out There..., to be directed by writer and Colorado native Bonné Bartron. It was to be filmed in Bartron's home state, and was originally to be funded through Kickstarter, but failed to meet its $200,000 goal. Bartron then posted an update on Kickstarter, stating that she was taking the project to Indiegogo with flexible funding. According to Bartron, the campaign would be launched "in the coming days." However, this never happened, but the film has a page on FilmBreak The current status of the film is unknown as of . In August 2014, Faerch's mother announced on Facebook that he would be taking a break from rapping to film a role "in the coming month". The project was later revealed to be Ditch Party by the film's official Facebook page. The film was met with negative consensus. Filmthreat.com describes his role as "he's an invisible presence for most of the first two acts, much-discussed but rarely encountered. That turns out to be for the better, because when he does finally cross paths with the holed-up main characters, he has a tendency toward monologues that wouldn't pass muster for a third-rate Walking Dead villain." In 2015, Faerch's planned films were to include the Christian football/drug TV movie Lost in Oxyland as Dylan Jennings, the Daniel Baldwin Christian boxing drama Devotion as "Paul the Bartender", the drug thriller The Glass Circle as "The Weasel", a role in the Edward Furlong action-thriller Karma, a role in the thriller Amnesia, and the role of Devontae in the race-drama Peterson Park. As of July 2021, none of these films have been made. In June 2015, writer-director Edward Burney Jr. launched an unsuccessful Kickstarter campaign for Peterson Park, along with an official website. In 2016, Faerch had a minor voice role in Ben Affleck's The Accountant. Faerch is featured in Blondie's music video for "Fun" from their 2017 album Pollinator. In 2018, Faerch co-starred with Sophie Turner in the independent film, Josie. Acclaim Faerch was named best minor character in Miami Herald's 2008 Movie Yearbook for his role in Hancock. HorrorNews.net ranks Fearch in the all-time Top Ten Kids in Horror. Similarly, Fear Fragments.com ranks his Young Michael Myers as the No. 2 greatest "evil kid" performance in horror. 411Mania.com ranks Michael Myers as portrayed by Faerch and Tyler Mane as #5 on its list of the Top 8 Asylum Inmates. Filmography References External links 1995 births Living people American male child actors American male film actors American male television actors American people of Danish descent Male actors from San Diego 21st-century American male actors
Thomas Ragon was the eighth Abbot of Vale Royal Abbey, Cheshire. His term of office lasted from 1351 to 1369. His abbacy was predominantly occupied with recommencing the building works at Vale Royal—which had been in abeyance for a decade—and the assertion of his abbey's rights over a satellite church in Llanbadarn Fawr, Ceredigion, which was also claimed by the Abbot of Gloucester. Background Vale Royal Abbey had been founded on its present site by King Edward I in 1277. Although intended to be the biggest and grandest Cistercian church in Christian Europe, building work was very much delayed (Edward had vowed to found the house in 1263, but recurring political crises, his own crusade, and the Second Barons' War prevented any work whatsoever taking place at least 1270). Work progressed until the 1280s when the abbey's construction was once again delayed by national events; this time, Edward's invasion of Wales. The King took not only the money that had been set aside for Vale Royal but also conscripted the masons and other labourers to build his Welsh fortifications. By the 1330s the monks had managed to complete the east end of the church. Thomas Ragon was elected abbot of Vale Royal in 1351, two years after the death of his predecessor, Robert de Cheyneston. Rebuilding the abbey In 1353, Edward the Black Prince wished to "continue and complete the work begun by his great-grandfather." For this purpose, Thomas was granted a tenth of Cheshire's 5,000 mark fine (which the county had previously agreed to pay in exchange for delaying the eyre), and he also provided another 500 marks when he visited Vale Royal in 1358. Thus, the Abbot was able to continue the building works on the Abbey as his predecessors had done; these works were expected to take six years. However, the following year, in October 1359, during a massive storm, much of the nave (including the new lead roof put in place by only the last abbot) was blown down and destroyed. The destruction was comprehensive, ranging "from the wall at the west end to the bell-tower before the gates of the choir," whilst the timber scaffolding collapsed "'like trees uprooted by the wind." Repairs slowly took place over the next thirteen years, and it was undoubtedly Abbot Thomas who was responsible for the "unique chevet of seven radiating chapels" that were installed, although the overall stature of the remodelled church was smaller than before. Abbot Thomas had personally contracted with the Master Masons completing the work: they would build the church while he would organise the construction of twelve chapels—and pay for them. However, Thomas does not appear to have adhered to the terms of the contract, as only three years later, the Prince of Wales had to order him to do so. Royal service Thomas performed royal service when required (for example, in 1364 he took the fealty of John de la Pole) and also held a number of offices outside his abbacy. He was keeper of Aberystwyth Castle's gate, farmer of that town's subsidy, and rector of Llanbadarn Fawr, Powys, from early 1361. Under Thomas, the Abbey also received the advowsons of Lampeter and Llanbadarn Fawr church from a close advisor to Edward, the Black Prince. In 1360 these had been granted by King Edward III to the Prince of wales, who in turn granted them to members of his household—Peter Lacy, Richard Wolveston, John Delves and William Spridlington—who in turn "appropriated" them to Abbot Thomas. This was with the Prince's blessing, as it was intended to be a royal donation towards restoring the church after its earlier partial destruction. Llanbadarn Fawr was a wealthy church, whose rector was no mere rector; the wealth of his church almost gave him abbatial status. Henceforth, Abbot Thomas and his successors were declared to be "henceforth the true abbot of the church." The abbey's own chronicle, The Vale Royal Ledger Book, states that "the abbot himself being present, all the men aforesaid and the other tenants did their fealty in full court and acknowledged the said abbot to be rector of Llabadarn Fawr and their lord." Abbot Thomas visited the church in 1361. Dispute with Gloucester Abbey The advowson of Llanbadarn Fawr church was to occupy much of Abbot Thomas' energies, as it became the locus of a dispute between Vale Royal and Gloucester Abbey, which later objected to the gift, as Llanbadarn Fawr had previously been a cell of Gloucester's. The church was wealthy enough to make it worth quarrelling over: it controlled no less than ten chapels, and brought in an annual income of at least £120 per annum. Even though Vale Royal had received permission from the Bishop, the King and the Pope, Gloucester Abbey still objected, and the case was to drag on many years after Thomas' death 9not being resolved until 1399). The case was to cause ill-feeling within Vale Royal Abbey itself, as well as into North Wales. Even into the fifteenth century, Abbots of Vale Royal were unable to travel to Llanbadarn Fawr without fear of assault on occasions. Death Abbot Thomas died in the summer of 1369, probably from pestilence, and in 1383 he was mentioned as being a "former" abbot around the time of the Black Prince. He was succeeded by Stephen, who, however, is not recorded in contemporary records as holding the office until 1374, so there may well have been another lengthy interregnum. Notes References Bibliography 14th-century English people History of Cheshire 1360s in England 1350s in England Abbots of Vale Royal Abbey
Kwale International Sugar Company Limited (KISCOL), is a sugar manufacturer in Kenya. Location The plantation and factory of KISCOL are located in Kwale County on the eastern coast of Kenya. This location, immediately south of the town of Kwale, along the Lunga-Lunga-Msambweni Road, is approximately , by road, southwest of Mombasa, the second-largest city in Kenya. The coordinates of the company factory are: 4°31'46.0"S, 39°23'43.0"E (Latitude:-4.529444; Longitude:39.395278). Overview Kwale International Sugar Company Limited (KISCOL) is a $400 million sugar processing facility commissioned in 2015 incorporating 5,500 hectares of cultivated cane, a 3,300 tones-crushed-per-day sugar mill, an 18 megawatt bagasse-fired power plant and a sophisticated irrigation and water management system, resulting in affordable, locally grown sugar. The project commenced operations in 2014. It is a Pabari Group flagship project. On full capacity, the facility will also sustain an impressive 30,000 liters ethanol generation plant. The projected sugar production would help in meeting the deficit of Kenya’s sugar consumption, which is approximately 400,000 metric tones per year. With state-of-the art technology, including a sub-surface drip-fed irrigation system, KISCOL saves on 40% of the water requirements for crop growth. With the systems put in place, KISCOL harvests about 60 tons of rain fed cane per hectare and 100 tons of irrigated cane per hectare. At least 1200 registered out-growers produce sugarcane on 4,200 hectares of land. Ownership Kwale International Sugar Company Limited is a privately owned company. The table below illustrates the ownership structure of the company. Controversy On Thursday 5 April 2018, the Kwale County Woman Representative and Member of Parliament, Zuleikha Hassan, publicly made an outcry stating that the residents and indigenous owners of the villages of Vidzaini, Fingirika, Vumbu, Nyumba Sita, Fahamuni, Mabatani, and Gonjora would be forcefully evicted in the near future. According to her, they would be evicted by instruction of a letter from the Chairman of National Lands Commission and a court order, so as to make space for Kwale International Sugar Company Limited, to plant its sugarcane. The owners/residents were give one week notice from the previous Saturday. Many of the residents of these villages were not even aware that plans were underway to evict them. Should this happen, it is projected that 800 families will have their properties and farms taken away and they will have nowhere to go. See also References External links Website of Kwale International Sugar Company Limited Sugar companies of Kenya Agriculture companies established in 2007 2007 establishments in Kenya
Rustai-ye Shahid Salari (, also Romanized as Rūstāī-ye Shahīd Sālārī) is a village in Jahadabad Rural District of the Central District of Anbarabad County, Kerman province, Iran. At the 2006 National Census, its population was 1,624 in 363 households. The following census in 2011 counted 2,373 people in 590 households. The latest census in 2016 showed a population of 2,097 people in 582 households. It was the largest village in its rural district. References Anbarabad County Populated places in Anbarabad County
Norman Simmons (October 6, 1929 – May 13, 2021) was an American musician, arranger, composer, educator, and most prominently a pianist who worked extensively with Helen Humes, Carmen McRae, Sarah Vaughan, Anita O'Day, and Joe Williams among others. Biography Simmons was born in Chicago, Illinois on October 6, 1929. During the early 1950s, he was house pianist at the Beehive Lounge on East 55th Street, playing with visiting musicians such as Wardell Gray, Lester Young and with Charlie Parker on his final Chicago performance in February 1955. In 1966, his arrangement for Ramsey Lewis' hit of "Wade in the Water" became a large commercial success. He was a member of the Ellington Legacy Band from 2002. Discography As leader Norman Simmons Trio (Argo, 1956) Ramira The Dancer (Spotlite, 1976) Midnight Creeper (Milljac, 1979) I'm...The Blues (Milljac, 1981) 13th Moon (Milljac, 1986) The Heat And The Sweet (Milljac, 1997) The Art Of Norman Simmons (Savant, 2000) - with Eric Alexander Manha De Carnaval (Sound Hills [Japan], 2002) Synthesis (Savant, 2002) - with Eric Alexander In Private (Savant, 2004) As sideman With Roy Eldridge What It's All About (Pablo, 1976) With Johnny Griffin Battle Stations (Prestige, 1960) - with Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis Johnny Griffin’s Studio Jazz Party (Riverside, 1960) With Red Holloway Red Soul (Prestige, 1965) With Etta Jones My Buddy: Etta Jones Sings the Songs of Buddy Johnson (HighNote, 1998) All the Way (HighNote, 1999) With Carmen McRae Sings Lover Man and Other Billie Holiday Classics (Philips, 1962) Live at Sugar Hill San Francisco (Time, 1963) Second to None (Mainstream, 1964) Woman Talk, Live at the Village Gate (Mainstream, 1965) Live & Wailing (Mainstream, 1965, reissued with Woman Talk on Columbia, 1973) Carmen McRae (Mainstream, 1971) With Betty Carter Betty Carter (Bet-Car Productions, 1970) Round Midnight (Roulette, 1975) Finally (Roulette, 1988) With Harold Ousley The People's Groove (Muse, 1977) Sweet Double Hipness (Muse, 1980) With Anita O'Day Anita O'Day with John Poole Trio Featuring Norman Simmons - Live at Mingo's (Emily, 1979) With Scott Hamilton and Warren Vaché Skyscrapers (Concord Jazz, 1980) With Clifford Jordan, Von Freeman, Cy Touff, Victor Sproles, and Wilbur Campbell Hyde Park After Dark (Bee Hive, 1983) With Dakota Staton Ms. Soul (Groove Merchant, 1974) With Joe Williams Joe Williams & Friends June 1985 - I Just Want to Sing (Delos, 1985) Every Night: Live At Vine St. (Verve, 1987) In Good Company (Verve, 1989) That Holiday Feelin (Verve, 1990) Ballad And Blues Master (Verve, 1992) With Al Grey and Bjarne Nerem Al Meets Bjarne (Gemini, 1987) As arranger With Johnny Griffin The Little Giant (Riverside, 1959) The Big Soul-Band (Riverside, 1960) White Gardenia (Riverside, 1961) With Teri Thornton Devil May Care (Riverside, 1961) References External links normansimmons.com 1929 births 2021 deaths American jazz pianists American male pianists Musicians from Chicago 20th-century American pianists Jazz musicians from Illinois 21st-century American pianists 20th-century American male musicians 21st-century American male musicians American male jazz musicians Statesmen of Jazz members Argo Records artists
This is a comprehensive list of characters from the Channel 4 soap opera Brookside in alphabetical order by the character's surnames. A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P R S T V W Y Brookside Brookside Brookside Brookside
Alcione was the name of at least three ships of the Italian Navy and may refer to: , a launched in 1906 and discarded in 1923. , a launched in 1937 and sunk in 1941. , an launched in 1954 and stricken in 1991. Italian Navy ship names
The House of Catargiu () is the name of an old and influential Moldavian noble family of the Tupilați region, whose members played important political role in the history of Wallachia, Moldavia and Romania. Notable members Alexandru Ștefan Catargiu (18251897), a Romanian politician Barbu Catargiu (18071862), a conservative Romanian journalist and politician Lascăr Catargiu (18231899), a Romanian conservative statesman from Moldavia Nicolae Calimachi-Catargiu (18301882), a conservative Romanian politician Elena Maria Catargiu-Obrenović (; 18311879), mother of King Milan I of Serbia See also Catargiu River, a tributary of the Jijioara River in Romania References Moldavian families Romanian families Romanian-language surnames
Royal Tasman Bridges (23 March 1885 – 14 March 1952) was an Australian author. He has been described as "Tasmania's most prolific novelist". Bridges was born in Hobart, Tasmania. He graduated from the University of Tasmania and subsequently worked as a journalist with the Tasmanian News, The Mercury, The Australian Star, and The Age (including as chief parliamentary reporter. He published his first novel, The Barb of an Arrow, in 1909 and wrote prolifically for the rest of his life, completing 36 novels on a variety of themes. Many of Bridges' works were cheap, quickly written paperbacks published by the NSW Bookstall Company. His more "mature" works have been classed within the Tasmanian Gothic genre. According to his biographer Anne-Marie Condé, he is "remembered mainly by enthusiasts interested in the literary culture of Tasmania". From 1930 until his death in 1952, Bridges lived with his sister Hilda Bridges – also a novelist – at their mother's family home Wood's Farm outside of Sorell. He was a close friend of Phillip Schuler, a fellow journalist who was killed in World War I. He had close relationships with other men and may have been gay. Bibliography Novels The Barb of an Arrow (1909) By His Excellency's Command (1910) Mr. Barrington (1911) The Fugitive (1914) On His Majesty's Service : A Tale of Van Dieman's Land (1914) The Bubble Moon (1915) The Fires of Hate (1915) Merchandise : A Novel (1918) The Fenceless Ranges (1920) The Vats of Tyre (1921) The Cards of Fortune (1922) Rogue's Haven (1922) Green Butterflies (1923) By Mountain Tracks (1924) Rats' Castle (1924) Gates of Birth (1926) A Mirror of Silver (1927) Through Another Gate (1927) Legion : For We Are Many (1928) Negrohead (1929) And All That Beauty''' (1929) Trinity (1931) These Were Thy Merchants (1932) Soul From the Sword (1932) Cloud (1932) The House of Fendon (1936) Sullivan's Bay (1937) The Alden Case (1937) This House is Haunted (1939) Old Admiral Death (1940) The Owl is Abroad (1941) The Case for Mrs Heydon (1945) The League of the Lord (1950) Children's fiction Dead Man's Gold (1916) The Black House (1920) Collection The Immmortal Dawn (1917) — war literature, prose, short stories Non-fiction From Silver to Steel : The Romance of Broken Hill Proprietary (1920) One Hundred Years : The Romance of the Victorian People (1934) That Yesterday was Home (1948) — autobiography References 1885 births 1952 deaths Writers from Hobart 20th-century Australian novelists Australian political journalists Australian LGBT novelists University of Tasmania alumni
Established in 1819 as the Garde-Landwehr Kavallerie Regiment, they were a light cavalry regiment of Uhlans of the Royal Prussian Army. The regiment was later reorganised as heavy cavalry Uhlans and renamed into 1. Garde Ulanen Regiment (1826) and fought in the Austro-Prussian and Franco-Prussian war. In World War I the regiment was part of the Guards Cavalry Division fighting on the Western and Eastern Front. See also List of Imperial German cavalry regiments References Guards cavalry regiments of the Prussian Army Military units and formations established in 1819
Nazareth is a native community in the Bagua Province, Amazonas Region, Peru. The elevation above sea level is . The nearest airport is named SHUMBA, bearing 224 airlines, located at . References Geographical Data about Nazareth, Peru (Falling Rain Genomics) Populated places in the Amazonas Region
Arena Hall (originally known as the Marista Hall) is an events centre in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, located on the campus of the Colégio Marista Dom Silvério. The goal was to create an environment with a great diversity of spaces. It includes a multipurpose room, a theater, an arena, courts, and a parking lot; this structure is suitable for a wide variety of cultural, artistic, and sports events, be it of a technical, commercial or recreational nature. About the centre Construction began in March 1997, and the original deadline was December 1998. However, this deadline was progressively postponed, and the building did not open until June 25, 2003. Since a good part of the construction was financed by students of the Colégio Marista Dom Silvério, Marista Hall is a target of jokes and dissatisfaction, because thousands of students paid for it but never benefited from it, having left school before construction was completed. Further dissatisfaction came when Chevrolet began to sponsor the centre in 2005; as a result the place changed its name to "Chevrolet Hall". There is a community in orkut dedicated to "refusing" the new name, mostly former and current students of college who feel their contributions to the site should be recognized in its name. In 2016, GM chose not to renew the contract for naming rights and the venue became known as the "BH Hall" until March 2017, when fuel company Ipiranga secured the naming rights. Beginning 19 March 2017, the centre is known as the "KM de Vantagens Hall". It is considered the biggest house of shows of BH. Noted performers A-ha Akon Alanis Morissette All Time Low Angra Avril Lavigne Backstreet Boys Bob Dylan Chris Brown Colbie Cailat The Cranberries Deep Purple Demi Lovato Dream Theater Exodus Faith No More Fifth Harmony Hanson Incubus Imagine Dragons Interpol James Blunt Jason Mraz Jethro Tull Jonas Brothers Joss Stone Judas Priest Keane Kreator Lana Del Rey Lauryn Hill McFly Megadeth Motion City Soundtrack Nightwish Norah Jones Now United The Offspring P.O.D. Paramore Pet Shop Boys Queensrÿche Ringo Starr & His All-Starr Band Roxette Scorpions Seal Shaman Simple Plan Slayer Snow Patrol Steve Vai Stratovarius Whitesnake References Concert halls in Brazil Indoor arenas in Brazil Sports venues in Belo Horizonte Convention centres in Brazil Chevrolet Tourist attractions in Belo Horizonte Marist Brothers
The Palestine Human Rights Information Center (PHRIC) was an independent, non-governmental organization based in Jerusalem. PHRIC was established in 1986. See also Al-Haq B'Tselem References Human rights organizations based in the State of Palestine Organizations established in 1986 Non-governmental organizations involved in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict
is a former Japanese cyclist. He competed in the 1000m time trial, and the men's sprint events at the 1964 Summer Olympics. From 1965 to 1996, he was a professional keirin cyclist with 455 wins and 8 championships over his career. References 1943 births Living people Japanese male cyclists Olympic cyclists for Japan Cyclists at the 1964 Summer Olympics Place of birth missing (living people) Keirin cyclists
Holy Ghost Tent Revival (now known as Moves or Big Sound Harbor ) is an American horn-driven rock and roll band with blues and folk leanings. Formed in North Carolina in 2008, current members are Stephen Murray, Dulci Ellenberger, Kevin Williams, Matt Martin, Ross Montsinger, Henry Widmer and Charlie Humphrey. They've released three studio albums, and the band tours frequently; in 2010 that included approximately 300 shows per year, including festivals such as Shakori Hills Grassroots Festival, Bristol Rhythm & Roots, Floyd Fest and Wakarusa. Paste Magazine described their style as "soul-inspired rock that maintains a rootsy sound, brightened by warm swells of horns and rich harmonies.” History Founding Holy Ghost Tent Revival was first founded in Greensboro, North Carolina in February 2007. The original founding members, Stephen Murray (vocals, guitar) and Matt Martin (lead guitar, vocals), began writing music together while both pursued acting degrees at Greensboro College. In the beginning, they casually wrote songs together, and it wasn't long before Hank Widmer (trombone, clarinet) and Josh Lovings (trumpet) joined the group. After starting to perform around campus, they added bass player PJ Leslie and finally Ross Montsinger on drums, then spent several years with a changing lineup, adding piano into the instrumental lineup. The band began touring in earnest in the summer of 2007, once most of the members had graduated. Touring, early releases So Long I Screamed (2008) Their debut full-length album So Long I Screamed was released on December 14, 2008. Allmusic gave So Long I Screamed a score of 4/5, stating that "the songs, although they initially seem like loosely constructed affairs, are actually tightly crafted pop gems with timeless melodies, great harmonies, and subject matter that more often than not circles around the craziness of love, all delivered with an immediate and organic rush of joy." The album incorporates multiple genres, blending various instruments traditionally used across those genres. Indy Week stated that "Holy Ghost punctuates ragtime with horns, pierces jump blues with shouts, and peppers folk with barbershop style. IndyWeek also praised the imagery and storytelling, much of which refers to antiquated American scenes. Touring, live albums Since 2011 the band has played around 150 shows annually, with festivals including Shakori Hills Grassroots Festival, Bristol Rhythm & Roots, Floyd Fest and Wakarusa. They toured the most heavily in 2009 and 2010 playing nearly 300 shows annually. Family EP (2009) The band's first EP and follow-up to So Long I Screamed is titled Family, and was recorded with contributions from several local guest musicians. This collective of contributors is credited as The Lovely Hot Starving Street Band on the album, which is an anagram of the name Holy Ghost Tent Revival. Family was released on September 18, 2009 on Good Ship Records. Northbound at Southpaw (2010) On July 24, 2010 they released the live album Northbound at Southpaw, recorded at the Brooklyn venue Southpaw in 2009. New York Music Daily stated, "On their live album rambunctious electric piano mingles with Hank Widmer’s trombone to add a jaunty ragtime flavor over the electric guitars, bass and drums. A lot of the songs here sound like the Wiyos gone electric, with a brisk shuffle beat, tasteful high-energy playing and lots of vocal harmonies. This isn’t particularly dark music but it’s smart and it’s a lot of fun – and it’s absolutely original." Recent albums and projects Sweat Like The Old Days (2012) Holy Ghost Tent Revival's second full-length album Sweat Like The Old Days was released on September 4, 2012. The Daily Tarheel stated the album showed growth from their first 2008 release, and that Sweat Like the Old Days "melds the goodness of Bourbon Street-style jazz and Appalachian folk into a solid toe-tapping release. Timeless as the record sounds, it maintains the lush animation and instrumentation of contemporary indie rock, providing an invigorating modernity that prevents the album from sounding the least bit stale. It’s a celebration of times and relationships come and gone, delving into a musical box of memories with effortless style." Around 2012 trumpeter Charlie Humphrey joined the group. Alive at the Southern and The Blood Beneath (2013) In 2013, the band released two digital-only albums, one live and one previously unreleased studio album (originally slated for release in 2010). Alive at the Southern, a live album recorded in November 2012, at the Southern in Charlottesville, where the band opened for Charleston, SC duo Shovels & Rope was released in April. The Blood Beneath was released in June, and according to the release description on the band's bandcamp, "contains in it the voices and musical stylings of our old buds Patrick Leslie and Mike O'Malley and was recorded over the course of some blistery days, in January of 2010." "Right State Of Mind" (2014) In 2014, the band raised nearly $23,000 in a successful Kickstarter for their album Right State of Mind, which was released on September 16. It was recorded in Philadelphia with producer Bill Moriarty (who has worked with Dr. Dog, Man Man, and The Sheepdogs amongst others). and brings a refined maturity to their unique tone. "Summer Jelly EP" (2016) This pay-what-you-want/can EP contains recording of four of the band's jams. Style Initial albums The group members write the music together, using a rotating and diverse array of instruments in a style the band self-defines as "horn-driven rock and roll experience." Allmusic stated early on that "The raucous six-piece band plays a lot on the bluegrass festival circuit, but they sure aren't bluegrass...although they do play essentially acoustic and there are banjos aboard. They're sort of like a jug band, too, but with a rock and pop sensibility...gone south into the land of indie rock." NPR described them as "a soul-rock horn band that recalls '60s and '70s classic-rock influences such as The Band and The Flying Burrito Brothers, contemporary indie-rock acts like Dr. Dog, and New Orleans brass-band jazz." Paste Magazine described their sound as "soul-inspired rock that maintains a rootsy sound, brightened by warm swells of horns and rich harmonies.” Later sound In an interview with No Depression in 2013, member Stephen Murray stated,"It started off very Dixieland and ragtime, and right now we’re so much into the ‘60s and ‘70s, like horn-rock, The Band and The Stones and The Beatles, kind of just like really groovy. R&B is starting to be a huge influence on us now, with the newer tunes. So yeah, I tell people we’re a ‘60s rock band with horns." After the members started listening heavily to bands such as The Band and 1960s rock such as The Kinks, their sound naturally began to change. Lead guitarist Matt Martin stated "We got caught up in the whole bluegrass and acoustic thing a few years ago, but we never knew that we were actually a rock and roll band in disguise. I’ve wanted to expand my sound and go more electric...you fill the room up with sound a lot more with two electric guitars, as opposed to an acoustic guitar and a banjo." Several critics noted the change in the band's sound, stating the band "has morphed from an eclectic and fun quintet that mixed bluegrass influences with ragtime into a horn-driven soul and rock group with New Orleans-influenced grooves. Gone is the banjo, as electric guitars have taken center stage in the band’s sound, which is backed by a steady and upbeat horn section." Members Current as of 2014 Stephen Niall Murray - vocals, guitar Dulci Ellenberger - vocals, guitar, aux per Kevin Williams - vocals, bass guitar, piano Matthew Elliott Martin - lead guitar, vocals James "Ross" Montsinger - drums Henry Napheys Widmer - trombone, euphonium, clarinet, piano, vocals Charles Perkins Humphrey - trumpet, piano Past Patrick “PJ” Leslie - bass Richard Sprecker Josh Lovings Mike O'Malley Discography Albums EPs Singles Further reading Interviews Discographies Holy Ghost Tent Revival at Allmusic Holy Ghost Tent Revival at Discogs References External links HolyGhostTentRevival.com Rock music groups from North Carolina Musical groups established in 2007
The Oakland Raiders were a professional American football team that played in Oakland from its founding in 1960 to 1981 and again from 1995 to 2019 before relocating to the Las Vegas metropolitan area where they now play as the Las Vegas Raiders. Between 1982 and 1994, the team played in Los Angeles as the Los Angeles Raiders. The team's first home game was at Kezar Stadium in San Francisco, against the Houston Oilers on September 11, 1960, with a 37–22 loss. They played their last game as an Oakland-based club on December 29, 2019, a game which they lost 16–15 to make them finish 3rd in the AFC West, eliminate them from playoff contention, and suffer a late-season collapse after starting with a 6–4 record. Early years (1960–1962) A few months after the inaugural American Football League draft in 1959, the owners of the yet-unnamed Minneapolis franchise accepted an offer to join the established National Football League as an expansion team (now called the Minnesota Vikings) in 1961, sending the AFL scrambling for a replacement. At the time, Oakland seemed an unlikely venue for a professional football team. The city had not asked for a team, there was no ownership group and there was no stadium in Oakland suitable for pro football (the closest stadiums were in Berkeley and San Francisco) and there was already a successful NFL franchise in the Bay Area in the San Francisco 49ers. However, the AFL owners selected Oakland after Los Angeles Chargers owner Barron Hilton threatened to forfeit his franchise unless a second team was placed on the West Coast. Accordingly, the city of Oakland was awarded the eighth AFL franchise on January 30, 1960, and the team inherited the Minneapolis club's draft picks. Upon receiving the franchise, a meeting of local civic leaders and businessmen was called, chaired by former United States Senator William Fife Knowland, editor of the Oakland Tribune; Edgar Kaiser of Kaiser Steel; developer Robert T. Nahas; and Oakland City Councilman Robert Osborne. Also attending the meeting were Oakland Mayor Clifford E. Rishell; City Councilmen Frank J. Youell, Felix Chialvo, Glenn E. Hoover, Fred Maggiora, John C. Houlihan, Dan Marovich, and Howard E. Rilea; Alameda County Board of Supervisors President Kent D. Pursel; and County Supervisors Emanuel P. Razeto, Leland W. Sweeney, and Francis Dunn. The gathering found a number of businessmen willing to invest in the new team. A limited partnership was formed to own the team headed by managing general partner Y. Charles (Chet) Soda, a local real estate developer, and included general partners Ed McGah, Oakland City Councilman Robert Osborne, F. Wayne Valley, restaurateur Harvey Binns, 1928 Olympic gold medalist Donald Blessing, and contractor Charles Harney, the builder of San Francisco's Candlestick Park, built on a bleak parcel of land he owned; the road leading to the stadium is known as Harney Way. A "name the team" contest was held by the Oakland Tribune, and the winner was announced April 4, 1960, as the Oakland Señors. After a few days of being the butt of local jokes (and accusations that the contest was fixed, as Soda was fairly well known within the Oakland business community for calling his acquaintances "señor"), the fledgling team (and its owners) changed the team's name nine days later to the Oakland Raiders, which had finished third in the naming contest. The original team colors were black, gold and white. The now-familiar team emblem of a pirate (or "raider") wearing a football helmet was created, reportedly a rendition of actor Randolph Scott. Oakland Raiders games were broadcast locally on KNBC (680 AM; the station later became KNBR), with Bud (Wilson Keene) Foster handling play-by-play and Mel Venter providing color analysis. Foster, the "Voice of the California Golden Bears", had a long career in radio, 1945–1955 as the "Voice of the Oakland Oaks" of the defunct Pacific Coast League; Foster was the first 1946–1949, 1951–1953, "Voice of the San Francisco 49ers". After the 1962 season, Foster would only call CAL (University of California at Berkeley) football until his retirement. Raider games, 1963–1965 were heard on KDIA 1410 AM, with Bob Blum and Dan Galvin. In 1966. KGO Radio 810 signed a contract with the Oakland Raiders. Bill King was hired for the play-by-play and Scotty Stirling (an Oakland Tribune sportswriter) was color commentator. 1960 When the University of California refused to let the Raiders play home games at Memorial Stadium in Berkeley, they chose Kezar Stadium in San Francisco as their home field. The team's first regular season home game was played on September 11, 1960, a 37–22 loss to the Houston Oilers. The Raiders were allowed to move to Candlestick Park for the final three home games of the 1960 season after gaining the approval of San Francisco's Recreation and Park Commission, marking the first time that professional football would be played at the new stadium. The change of venue, however, failed to attract larger crowds for the Raiders during their time at Candlestick Park, with announced attendance of 12,061 (vs. the Chargers in a 41–17 loss on December 4), 9,037 (vs. the New York Titans in a 31–28 loss on December 11) and 7,000 (estimated, vs. the Broncos in a 48–10 victory to close out the season on December 17) at Candlestick. The Raiders finished their first campaign with a 6–8 record, and lost $500,000, equivalent to $ million in . Desperately in need of money to continue running the team, Valley received a $400,000 loan from Buffalo Bills founder Ralph Wilson, equivalent to $ million in . 1961–1962 After the conclusion of the first season Soda dropped out of the partnership, and on January 17, 1961, Valley, McGah and Osborne bought out the remaining four general partners. Soon after, Valley and McGah purchased Osborne's interest, with Valley named as the managing general partner. After splitting the previous home season between Kezar and Candlestick, the Raiders moved exclusively to Candlestick Park in 1961, where total attendance for the season was about 50,000, and finished 2–12. Valley threatened to move the Raiders out of the area unless a stadium was built in Oakland, but in 1962 the Raiders moved into 18,000-seat Frank Youell Field (later expanded to 22,000 seats), their first home in Oakland. It was a temporary home for the team while the Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum was under construction. Under Marty Feldman and Red Conkright—the team's second and third head coaches since entering the AFL—the Raiders finished 1–13 in 1962, losing their first 13 games (and making for a 19–game losing streak from 1961 and 1962) before winning the season finale, and attendance remained low. Oakland, the AFL, and Al Davis (1963–1969) 1963–1966 After the 1962 season, Valley hired Al Davis, a former assistant coach of the San Diego Chargers, as head coach and general manager. At 33, he was the youngest person in over 30 years to hold the position of head coach, and the youngest person ever to hold the position of general manager, in professional football. Davis immediately changed the team colors to silver and black, and began to implement what he termed the "vertical game", an aggressive offensive strategy based on the West Coast offense developed by Chargers head coach Sid Gillman. Under Davis the Raiders improved to 10–4, and he was named the AFL's Coach of the Year in 1963. Though the team slipped to 5–7–2 in 1964, it rebounded to an 8–5–1 record in 1965. He also initiated the use of team slogans such as "Pride and Poise", "Commitment to Excellence", and "Just Win, Baby"—all of which are registered trademarks. In April 1966, Davis left the Raiders after being named AFL Commissioner. Two months later, the league announced its merger with the NFL. With the merger, the position of commissioner was no longer needed, and Davis entered into discussions with Valley about returning to the Raiders. On July 25, 1966, Davis returned as part-owner of the team. He purchased a 10 percent interest in the team for US$18,000, , and became the team's third general partner—the partner in charge of football operations. 1967–1969 On the field, the team Davis had assembled and coached steadily improved. With John Rauch (Davis's hand-picked successor) as head coach, the Raiders won the 1967 AFL Championship, defeating the Houston Oilers 40–7. The win earned the team a trip to Super Bowl II, where they were beaten 33–14 by Vince Lombardi's Green Bay Packers. The following two years, the Raiders again won Western Division titles, only to lose the AFL Championship to the eventual Super Bowl winners—the New York Jets (1968) and Kansas City Chiefs (1969). John Madden becomes head coach In 1969, John Madden became the team's sixth head coach, and under him the Raiders became one of the most successful franchises in the NFL, winning six division titles during the 1970s. It was during this period that the Raiders forged an image as a team of tough, take-no-prisoners players—such as future Hall of Fame offensive linemen Jim Otto, Gene Upshaw, and Art Shell; linebacker Ted ("the Stork") Hendricks; defensive end Ben Davidson; and cornerback Willie Brown—who would occasionally cross the line into dirty play. Those teams also featured an additional foursome of future Hall of Fame players in tight end Dave Casper, kicker George Blanda, and wide receiver Fred Biletnikoff, as well as fiery quarterback Ken ("the Snake") Stabler. AFL–NFL merger and era of success (1970–1981) 1970–1971 In 1970, the AFL–NFL merger took place and the Raiders became part of the Western Division of the American Football Conference in the newly merged NFL. The first post-merger season saw the Raiders win the AFC West with an 8–4–2 record and go all the way to the conference championship, where they lost to the Colts. Despite another 8–4–2 season in 1971, the Raiders failed to win the division or achieve a playoff berth. 1972–1978 In 1972, with Wayne Valley out of the country for several weeks attending the Olympic Games in Munich, Davis's attorneys drafted a revised partnership agreement that gave him total control over all of the Raiders' operations. McGah, a supporter of Davis, signed the agreement. Under partnership law, by a 2–1 vote of the general partners, the new agreement was thus ratified. Valley was furious when he discovered this, and immediately filed suit to have the new agreement overturned, but the court sided with Davis and McGah. That year would see the team achieve a 10–3–1 record and another division title. In the divisional round of the playoffs, they were beaten by the Steelers 13–7 on a play that would later be known as the Immaculate Reception. With a record of 9–4–1 in 1973, the Raiders reached the AFC Championship, but lost 27–10 to the Dolphins. In 1974, Oakland had a 12–2 regular season, which included a nine-game winning streak. They beat the Dolphins in the divisional round of the playoffs in a see-saw battle before falling to the Steelers in the AFC Championship. The playoff game against the Dolphins is known in NFL lore as the Sea of Hands game in which running back Clarence Davis caught a late 4th-quarter touchdown amid three Miami defenders to win 28–26 and end the Dolphins' chances of a three-peat and a fourth consecutive Super Bowl appearance. In the 1975 season opener, the Raiders beat Miami and ended the Dolphins' 31-game home winning streak. With an 11–3 record, they defeated Cincinnati in the divisional playoff round, but again fell to the Steelers in the conference championship. In 1976, Valley sold his interest in the team, and Davis—who now owned only 25 percent of the Raiders—was firmly in charge. The Raiders beat Pittsburgh in a revenge match on the season opener and continued to cement their reputation for hard, dirty play by knocking WR Lynn Swann out for two weeks in a helmet-to-helmet collision. Al Davis later tried to sue Steelers coach Chuck Noll for libel after the latter called safety George Atkinson a criminal for the hit. The Raiders won 13 regular season games and a close victory over New England (the only team to beat them in the regular season) in the first round of the playoffs. They then knocked out the injury-plagued Steelers in the AFC Championship to go to Super Bowl XI. Oakland's opponent was the Minnesota Vikings, a team that had lost three previous Super Bowls. The Raiders led 16–0 at halftime. By the end, forcing their opponent into multiple turnovers, they won 32–14 for their first post-merger championship. The following season saw the Raiders finish 11–3, but lose the division title to 12–2 Denver. They settled for a wild card playoff berth, beating the Colts 37–31 in two overtime periods, but then falling to the Broncos 20–17 in the AFC Championship. During a 1978 preseason game, Patriots WR Darryl Stingley was tragically injured by a hit from Raiders FS Jack Tatum and was left paralyzed for life. Although the Raiders achieved a winning record at 9–7, they failed to qualify for the playoffs. 1979–1981 After ten consecutive winning seasons and one Super Bowl championship, John Madden left the Raiders (and coaching) in 1979 to pursue a career as a television football commentator. His replacement was former Raiders quarterback Tom Flores, the first Hispanic head coach in NFL history. Flores led the Raiders to another 9–7 season, but not the playoffs. The following off-season, the popular gun-slinging quarterback Ken Stabler was traded to the Houston Oilers, a move which was unpopular and criticized at the time. In the fifth week of the 1980 season, starting quarterback Dan Pastorini broke his leg and was replaced by former number-one draft pick Jim Plunkett. Plunkett led Oakland to an 11–5 record and a wild card berth. After playoff victories against the Houston Oilers, Cleveland Browns, and San Diego Chargers, the Raiders went to Super Bowl XV, and clinched their second NFL championship in five years with a 27–10 win over the favored Philadelphia Eagles in Super Bowl XV. With the victory, the Raiders became the first ever wild card team to win a Super Bowl. Two Super Bowl records of note occurred in this game: 1) Kenny King's 80-yard, first-quarter, catch-and-run reception from Jim Plunkett remained the longest touchdown Super Bowl pass play for the next 16 years; and 2) Rod Martin's three interceptions of Eagles' quarterback Ron Jaworski still stands today as a Super Bowl record. Reflecting on the last ten years during the post-game awards ceremony, Al Davis stated "...this was our finest hour, this was the finest hour in the history of the Oakland Raiders. To Tom Flores, the coaches, and the athletes: you were magnificent out there, you really were." The team would not see a repeat performance in 1981, falling to 7–9 and a losing record for the first time since 1964. Los Angeles era (1982–1994) Prior to the 1980 season, Al Davis attempted unsuccessfully to have improvements made to the Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum, specifically the addition of luxury boxes. On March 1, he signed a memorandum of agreement to move the Raiders from Oakland to Los Angeles. The move, which required three-fourths approval by league owners, was defeated 22–0 (with five owners abstaining). When Davis tried to move the team anyway, he was blocked by an injunction. In response, the Raiders not only became an active partner in an antitrust lawsuit filed by the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum (who had recently lost the Los Angeles Rams), but filed an antitrust lawsuit of their own. After the first case was declared a mistrial, in May 1982 a second jury found in favor of Davis and the Los Angeles Coliseum, clearing the way for the move. With the ruling, the Raiders finally relocated to Los Angeles for the 1982 season to play their home games at the Los Angeles Coliseum. Back in Oakland (1995–2019) On June 23, 1995, Davis signed a letter of intent to move the Raiders back to Oakland. The move was approved by the Alameda County Board of Supervisors the next month, as well as by the NFL. The move was greeted with much fanfare, and under new head coach Mike White the 1995 season started off well for the team. Oakland started 8–2, but injuries to starting quarterback Jeff Hostetler contributed to a six-game losing streak to end the season, and the Raiders failed to qualify for the playoffs for a second consecutive season. As part of the agreement to bring the Raiders back to Oakland the city agreed that they would increase the capacity of the Coliseum. The result was a structure of 20,000 capacity seating that became known as Mount Davis after Davis. The structure was completed in time for the 1996 season. Gruden era (1998–2001) After two more unsuccessful seasons (7–9 in 1996 and 4–12 in 1997) under White and his successor, Joe Bugel, Davis selected a new head coach from outside the Raiders organization for only the second time when he hired Philadelphia Eagles offensive coordinator Jon Gruden, who previously worked for the 49ers and Packers under head coach Mike Holmgren. Under Gruden, the Raiders posted consecutive 8–8 seasons in 1998 and 1999, and climbed out of last place in the AFC West. Oakland finished 12–4 in the 2000 season, the team's most successful in a decade. Led by veteran quarterback Rich Gannon, Oakland won their first division title since 1990, and advanced to the AFC Championship, where they lost 16–3 to the eventual Super Bowl champion Baltimore Ravens. The Raiders acquired all-time leading receiver Jerry Rice prior to the 2001 season. They finished 10–6 and won a second straight AFC West title but lost their divisional-round playoff game to the eventual Super Bowl champion New England Patriots, in a controversial game that became known as the "Tuck Rule Game". The game was played in a heavy snowstorm, and late in the fourth quarter an apparent fumble by Patriots quarterback Tom Brady was recovered by Raiders linebacker Greg Biekert. The recovery would have led to a Raiders victory; however, the play was reviewed and determined to be an incomplete pass (it was ruled that Brady had pump faked and then "tucked" the ball into his body, which, by rule, cannot result in a fumble – though this explanation was not given on the field, but after the NFL season had ended). The Patriots retained possession of the ball, and drove for a game-tying field goal. The game went into overtime and the Patriots won, 16–13. Callahan era and Super Bowl XXXVII appearance (2002–2003) Shortly after the 2001 season, the Raiders made an unusual move that involved releasing Gruden from his contract and allowing the Tampa Bay Buccaneers to sign him. In return, the Raiders received cash and future draft picks from the Buccaneers. The sudden move came after months of speculation in the media that Davis and Gruden had fallen out with each other both personally and professionally. Bill Callahan, who served as the team's offensive coordinator and offensive line coach during Gruden's tenure, was named head coach. Under Callahan, the Raiders finished the 2002 season 11–5, won their third straight division title, and clinched the top seed in the playoffs. Rich Gannon was named MVP of the NFL after passing for a league-high 4,689 yards. After beating the New York Jets and Tennessee Titans by large margins in the playoffs, the Raiders made their fifth Super Bowl appearance in Super Bowl XXXVII. Their opponent was the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, coached by Gruden. The Raiders, who had not made significant changes to Gruden's offensive schemes, were intercepted five times by the Buccaneers en route to a 48–21 blowout. Some Tampa Bay players claimed that Gruden had given them so much information on Oakland's offense, they knew exactly what plays were being called. Callahan's second season as head coach was considerably less successful. Oakland finished 4–12, their worst showing since 1997. After a late-season loss to the Denver Broncos, a visibly frustrated Callahan exclaimed, "We've got to be the dumbest team in America in terms of playing the game." At the end of the 2003 regular season, Callahan was fired and replaced by former Washington Redskins head coach Norv Turner. Coaching carousel and consecutive eleven-loss seasons (2004–2009) The team's fortunes did not improve in Turner's first year. Oakland finished the 2004 season 5–11, with only one divisional win (a one-point victory over the Broncos in Denver). During a Week 3 victory against the Buccaneers, Rich Gannon suffered a neck injury that ended his season and eventually his career; he never returned to the team and retired before the 2005 season. Kerry Collins, who led the New York Giants to an appearance in Super Bowl XXXV and signed with Oakland after the 2003 season, became the team's starting quarterback. In an effort to bolster their offense, in early 2005 the Raiders acquired Pro Bowl wide receiver Randy Moss via trade with the Minnesota Vikings, and signed free agent running back Lamont Jordan of the New York Jets. After a 4–12 season and a second consecutive last-place finish, Turner was fired as head coach. On February 11, 2006, the team announced the return of Art Shell as head coach. In announcing the move, Al Davis said that firing Shell in 1995 had been a mistake. Under Shell, the Raiders lost their first five games in 2006 en route to a 2–14 finish, the team's worst record since 1962. Oakland's offense struggled greatly, scoring just 168 points (fewest in franchise history) and allowing a league-high 72 sacks. Wide receiver Jerry Porter was benched by Shell for most of the season in what many viewed as a personal, rather than football-related, decision. The Raiders also earned the right to the first overall pick in the 2007 NFL Draft for the first time since 1962, by virtue of having the league's worst record. One season into his second run as head coach, Shell was fired on January 4, 2007. On January 22, the team announced the hiring of 31-year-old USC offensive coordinator Lane Kiffin, the youngest coach in franchise history and the youngest coach in the NFL. In the 2007 NFL Draft, the Raiders selected LSU quarterback JaMarcus Russell with the #1 overall pick. Kiffin coached the Raiders to a 4–12 record in the 2007 season. After a 1–3 start to 2008 and months of speculation and rumors, Al Davis fired Kiffin on September 30, 2008. Tom Cable was named as his interim replacement, and officially signed as the 17th head coach of the Oakland Raiders on February 3, 2009. Their finish to the 2008 season would turn out to match their best since they lost the Super Bowl in the 2002 season. However, they still finished 5–11 and ended up third in the AFC West, the first time they did not finish last since 2002. They produced an identical record in 2009; however, the season was somewhat ameliorated by the fact that four of the Raiders' five wins were against opponents with above-.500 records. At the end of their 2009 campaign, the Raiders became the first team in NFL history to lose at least 11 games in seven straight seasons. Al Davis's final years (2010–2011) In 2010, the Raiders had a better draft than those of the previous years and also cut Jamarcus Russell in May after he showed up to minicamp overweight. Replacing him as starting quarterback was Jason Campbell, traded from Washington. The outlook for the team improved, but it was not apparent after they opened by suffering a 38–13 rout in Tennessee. Returning to Oakland, the Raiders defeated St. Louis and then lost a 21–20 game in Arizona. After a home loss to Houston, they beat their division rival Chargers 35–27 for the first time in seven years, and then lost the "Battle of the Bay" to San Francisco. The Week 7 game in Denver set records as the Raiders defeated their division rival with eight touchdowns (two passing, five rushing, and one interception return), setting a score of 59–14 for the most points in franchise history. After beating Seattle 33–3 and then Kansas City 23–20 for a third straight win, the Raiders went into their bye week with a winning 5–4 record. However, after the bye week, the Raiders fell to Pittsburgh and Miami before beating San Diego and losing to the Jaguars. A home win over Denver in Week 15 saw the team approach a playoff spot, but faltered in a loss to the Colts which ensured that they would miss the postseason for the 8th straight year. By beating Kansas City in Week 17, the Raiders became the first team in NFL history to sweep their division and still not make the playoffs. Despite beginning to turn the team around, Tom Cable was fired by Al Davis soon after the season ended for remarking "I finally began to feel that we weren't losers." Davis then promoted offensive coordinator Hue Jackson to the head coaching position in his first public appearance since November 2009. The physically frail, but still sharp Davis explained his decision to fire Cable by saying "If .500 isn't losing, then I don't know what losing is." Some critics also argued that the Raiders failed to win a single game outside their own division or the weak NFC West. During all this time, Al Davis, who was now past his 80th birthday and in increasingly poor health, refused to hire a general manager or relinquish his absolute control of the team's on-field activities and he continued to make all major decisions regarding draft picks, trades, or signings himself. He came under fire both for this and for strategies that were out-of-step with the contemporary NFL, in particular, his attempt to recreate the vertical game used by Daryl Lamonica and Jim Plunkett. Jamarcus Russell was drafted due to Davis's assumption that he had the proper physical traits needed for this style of play. The signing of Randy Moss in 2005 also proved a costly mistake that consumed large portions of salary cap space. The Raiders' biggest off-season moves were trading quarterback Bruce Gradkowski to Cincinnati and cornerback Nnamdi Asomugha to Philadelphia. With their new coach in place, the team opened 2011 in Denver for their first prime-time appearance in three years. On a rain-slicked Monday night, Oakland won an extremely sloppy game 23–20 after repeated penalties and Broncos mistakes. Kicker Sebastian Janikowski also booted a 63-yard field goal for only the third time in NFL history. In Week 2, the Raiders lost a wild shootout match in Buffalo 38–35, beat the Jets 34–24, and then lost to New England 31–19 for a 2–2 start. After flying to Houston for a match with the Texans, the Raiders were stunned by the news that Al Davis had died at his home on October 8 after having been with the franchise for all but its first three years of existence. A last-second interception from Texans quarterback Matt Schaub allowed the Raiders to win that game, but in the next week's match with Cleveland (a 24–17 win), Jason Campbell sustained a season-ending collarbone fracture. With backups Kyle Boller and Terrell Pryor considered unsuitable to replace him, the Raiders made a desperation bid with Cincinnati to acquire quarterback Carson Palmer, who had retired after a feud with that team, but was still under contract with them. With Al Davis's passing, Hue Jackson was effectively in charge of all on-field decisions and he finally convinced Bengals owner Mike Brown to give up Palmer in exchange for all of Oakland's first-round draft picks. The deal thus having been made, Palmer stood under center as the Raiders hosted Kansas City in Week 7. But the team lost as Kyle Boller threw three interceptions to open the game while Palmer replaced him early in the second half. However, he also threw three interceptions, losing 28–0. With the AFC West extremely weak, the Raiders vacillated between 3rd and 1st place as the season progressed. A three-game losing streak in December badly harmed their playoff chances, but up to Week 17, they remained in contention to clinch the division. However, the Raiders lost a must-win game at home to San Diego and so for the ninth year in a row failed to make the playoffs or produce a winning record. The Dennis Allen years (2012–2014) Despite rumors of selling the team, Al Davis's family indicated that they would retain ownership. At the conclusion of the 2011 season, Hue Jackson was fired and replaced by former Broncos defensive coordinator Dennis Allen, the first defensive-minded Raiders head coach since John Madden. At Davis's death, the once-elite franchise was a mess, with one of the NFL's oldest rosters, almost no salary cap space, and valuable first-round draft picks squandered on bust players and Carson Palmer. Surveys of players across the league consistently showed that the Raiders had become one of the least desirable teams to play for. In addition, with the Miami Marlins obtaining their own ballpark in 2012, the Raiders became the last team in the NFL to still share a stadium with a baseball franchise. The baseball infield for the Oakland Athletics at the Oakland Coliseum was present during Raiders games during the early NFL seasons. The end of the MLB season correlated with the beginning of the NFL season, which forced the Raiders to play certain games on a dirt field. The Raiders began 2012 by losing a very poorly executed home opener on Monday Night Football to San Diego 22–14. The team was plagued by fumbles and dropped passes, and did not score a touchdown until near the end. On the bright side, defensive performance was decent and helped contain the Chargers' passing game. After another miserable loss in Miami, the Raiders returned home to take on Pittsburgh in Week 3. In the 4th quarter, trailing by 10, wide receiver Darrius Heyward-Bey collided with Pittsburgh safety Ryan Mundy and was knocked out of the game. The loss of Heyward-Bey inspired the rest of the team, which rallied to tie the game 31–31, and with 4 seconds left, Sebastian Janikowski kicked a 43-yard field goal to win the game 34–31. In the end though, the Raiders finished the 2012 season 4–12. During 2013, there was little apparent sign of improvement as the Raiders once again finished 4–12, including a particularly embarrassing loss to the Eagles in Week 9 when quarterback Nick Foles threw a record seven touchdown passes. In Week 15, they gave up 56 points to the Chiefs. In 2014, Dennis Allen was fired after a 0–4 start and replaced by former Dolphins head coach and then-Raiders offensive line coach Tony Sparano for the remainder of the season. They became the first team to be mathematically eliminated from playoff contention and were guaranteed a fourth-place finish in the AFC West after a loss in Week 11 dropped them to 0–10. The Raiders were the last team in the league that year to win a game, finally doing so the next week against their division rival, the Kansas City Chiefs, but they were defeated 52–0 by the Rams the next week. The Raiders did manage to defeat their geographic rival, the San Francisco 49ers, and defeated Buffalo in Week 16, which mathematically eliminated the Bills from playoff contention for the 15th straight year. Oakland's final record that season was 3–13. Their offense struggled mightily, averaging just 282.2 yards per game (last in the league). Quarterback and second-round pick Derek Carr proved to be a positive addition, serving as the starter for the entire season and set a Raiders record for most passing yards in one season by a rookie. Also, linebacker Khalil Mack, selected in the first round, had 75 tackles and 4 sacks. Jack Del Rio, Los Angeles, and Las Vegas (2015–2017) On January 14, 2015, Jack Del Rio, the then-Denver Broncos defensive coordinator and former Jacksonville Jaguars head coach, was hired by the Oakland Raiders to be their new head coach. Del Rio's new coaching staff included former Minnesota Vikings offensive coordinator Bill Musgrave as offensive coordinator and former Vikings head coach Mike Tice as offensive line coach; both had worked with Del Rio at the Jaguars in the past. On February 19, 2015, the Raiders and the Chargers announced that they would build a privately financed $1.78 billion stadium in Carson, California, if they were to move to the Los Angeles market. Both teams stated that they would continue to attempt to get stadiums built in their respective cities. The Raiders secured the #4 pick in the 2015 NFL draft, which was used on receiver Amari Cooper. The Raiders finished 7–9 in 2015, showing noticeable improvement over the previous season. On January 4, 2016, the Raiders filed for relocation alongside the Chargers and Rams. The Committee set up by the league to deal with Los Angeles initially recommended the Carson Site, but the Chargers and Raiders were unable to secure the votes they needed to move. After hours of debate, the league voted to allow the St. Louis Rams to move on January 12, 2016, with the San Diego Chargers having the option to join them within a year. Davis then turned his attention to Las Vegas. In 2016, the team finished 12–4, finally making the postseason for the first time since 2002 with strong play on both offense and defense, but lost Derek Carr and backup Matt McGloin to season-ending injuries to close out the year. The Raiders were unable to win their first playoff game since 2002, falling to the Houston Texans 14–27 in a game in which third-string quarterback Connor Cook threw one touchdown and three interceptions. Musgrave was let go following the playoff loss. After over 10 years of failure to secure a new stadium in Oakland to replace the decaying coliseum (issues of which include sewage backups and flooding) and after missing out on Los Angeles, on March 27, 2017, the NFL granted the team permission to relocate to Las Vegas, Nevada, pending the new Allegiant Stadium's completion. The Raiders soon announced plans to stay in Oakland until the new stadium was completed in 2020. Ground was officially broken on the new stadium on November 13, 2017. Following a season-ending 4-game losing streak to finish 6–10 in 2017, in addition to a regression of the offense under Todd Downing, Del Rio was fired by Mark Davis. Return of Jon Gruden and the end of the Oakland Raiders (2018–2019) In January 2018, the Raiders re-hired Jon Gruden, signing him to a 10-year, $100-million contract, paying him $10 million a year and giving him near-total control over the team. The Raiders traded away Khalil Mack and Amari Cooper in separate deals, acquiring three first-round draft picks in the process. The Raiders finished 4–12 in Gruden's first season back with the team. On December 10, the Raiders fired general manager Reggie McKenzie, who had been with the Raiders since 2012. In the 2019 off-season, the Raiders acquired receiver Antonio Brown from the Pittsburgh Steelers via trade following Brown's falling out with the Steelers, only to release him after a chaotic preseason culminating with Brown getting into a heated argument with new general manager Mike Mayock. The Raiders finished the 2019 season with a 7–9 record and lost their last game at the Oakland Coliseum to the Jacksonville Jaguars 20–16, giving up a late touchdown in the closing seconds. On January 22, 2020, the team was officially renamed the Las Vegas Raiders and the relocation was completed in the following months. See also History of the Los Angeles Raiders History of the Las Vegas Raiders References Oakland History of Oakland, California
The Rain Parade is a band that was originally active in the Paisley Underground scene in Los Angeles in the 1980s, and that reunited and resumed touring in 2012. History Rain Parade in the 1980s (1981–1986) Originally called the Sidewalks, the band was founded in Los Angeles by college roommates Matt Piucci (guitar, vocals) and David Roback (guitar, vocals) in 1981, who had attended Carleton College together. David's brother Steven Roback (bass, vocals) joined the band shortly thereafter. David and Steven had been in a band called the Unconscious with neighbor Susanna Hoffs (who went on to become a member of the Bangles, the most famous of the Paisley Underground bands). The band soon added Will Glenn (keyboards and violin) and later Eddie Kalwa (drums). They self-released their debut single, "What She's Done to Your Mind" on their Llama label in 1982. In 1983, they released their debut album, Emergency Third Rail Power Trip, on the Enigma/Zippo label. Critic Jim DeRogatis would later write in his book Turn on Your Mind: Four Decades of Great Psychedelic Rock (2003) that "Emergency Third Rail Power Trip is not only the best album from any of the Paisley Underground bands, it ranks with the best psychedelic rock efforts from any era", with uplifting melodies offset by themes that were "dark and introspective." According to DeRogatis, the album showcased "the Robacks' ethereal vocals, Eddie Kalwa's precise drumming, Will Glenn's colorful sitar, violin, and keyboard accents, and an intricate, chiming, but droney two-guitar attack that picks up where the Byrds left off with 'Eight Miles High.'" After David Roback left to form a new band, Opal, the rest of the band continued to record as a four-piece, releasing the mini-LP Explosions in the Glass Palace in 1984. NME would later write, in praise of Explosions in the Glass Palace: "Sound cathedrals? We got ‘em ... mind-meltingly beautiful guitar sounds, employed sparingly and dynamically amid dark, dizzy tales of murder, madness and drug paranoia." The song "No Easy Way Down" was cited as a "mantra for an altered state of mind, and testament to a band who, however fleetingly, made music that sounded like the best drugs ever." After the release of a single, "You Are My Friend", drummer Eddie Kalwa left and was replaced by Mark Marcum, with John Thoman (guitar, vocals) also added to the line-up. The band was signed to Island Records, and recorded a live album in Japan called Beyond the Sunset. Their third album, Crashing Dream, came out in 1985. Breakup and other projects (1986–2012) The band split in 1986, reforming briefly in 1988 to finish off a double album they had started, which was never released. Piucci would go on to release the LP Can't Get Lost When You're Goin' Nowhere with Tim Lee, under the band name Gone Fishin'. He later joined Crazy Horse. Steven Roback went on to form the band Viva Saturn whose debut release appeared on the San Francisco label Heyday Records, which was run at the time by Pat Thomas of the band Absolute Grey. Viva Saturn went on to release two additional LPs, Soundmind and Brightside. In 1983–1984, David Roback made the psychedelic folk album Rainy Day, consisting of cover versions performed by various members of the Paisley Underground scene that Roback had enlisted, under the name Rainy Day. He then formed the band Clay Allison – which became Opal, featuring former Dream Syndicate bassist Kendra Smith (who also appears on Rainy Day). Following the dissolution of Opal, Roback formed Mazzy Star in 1989 with singer-songwriter Hope Sandoval, who had joined Opal to perform with them the previous year, taking over lead vocals from Smith upon the latter's departure during a European tour. Keyboardist Will Glenn was also a member of the Rainy Day project, The Three O'Clock, and Viva Saturn, and recorded with Mazzy Star under the name William Cooper. Glenn died of cancer on March 16, 2001. Mark Marcum joined the heavy metal band Savage Grace after leaving Rain Parade, and appeared on the 1986 album After the Fall from Grace and a 1987 EP, Ride into the Night. Reunion and comeback (2012–present) The Rain Parade reformed in 2012, performing their comeback gig on December 20, 2012 at Cafe Du Nord in San Francisco on a sold out bill with Powder and the Bang Girl Group Revue. The Rain Parade lineup included original members Matt Piucci, Steven Roback and John Thoman, augmented by Mark Hanley, Alec Palao and former Game Theory drummer Gil Ray. This lineup also performed at The Earl in Atlanta, GA on January 19, 2013, in a benefit for Bobby Sutliff of The Windbreakers, who had been injured in a car accident. In December 2013, Rain Parade played two nights with three other reunited Paisley Underground bands—the Bangles, the Dream Syndicate, and the Three O'Clock—at The Fillmore in San Francisco (Dec. 5) and The Fonda Theatre in Los Angeles (Dec. 6, a benefit concert for Education Through Music-Los Angeles). In 2014, drummer Gil Ray gave up performing due to health concerns, and was replaced in the lineup by returning member Stephan Junca. Ray died of cancer in 2017. Three new recordings by Rain Parade were released in November 2018 as part of a compilation album called 3 × 4, which also included the Dream Syndicate, the Bangles, and the Three O'Clock, with each of the four bands covering songs by the other three. Following the initial Record Store Day First release as a double album on "psychedelic swirl" purple vinyl, Yep Roc Records released the album on LP, CD, and digital in February 2019. David Roback died from metastatic cancer on February 25, 2020. The band released their first studio album in 38 years, Last Rays of a Dying Sun, on August 4, 2023. Discography Albums Emergency Third Rail Power Trip (1983, Enigma/Zippo) – UK Indie No. 5 Crashing Dream (1985, Island) Last Rays of a Dying Sun (2023, Flat Iron) Live albums and compilations Beyond the Sunset (Live in Tokyo 1984) (1985) Restless/Island (UK No. 78) Demolition (1991) – outtakes and unreleased material Emergency Third Rail Power Trip/Explosions in the Glass Palace (1992) Mau Mau Perfume River (2002) – live in New York, November 1984 3 × 4 (2018 compilation) Yep Roc Records #27 Billboard Independent Albums Singles and EPs "What She's Done to Your Mind" b/w "Kaleidoscope" (1982) Llama DK002 Explosions in the Glass Palace mini-LP (1984) Enigma/Zippo (UK Indie No. 4) "Sad Eyes Kill" (1984) "You Are My Friend" (1985) Enigma/Zippo (UK Indie No. 28) See also Crazy Horse Hellenes Mazzy Star Opal Viva Saturn References External links [ Rain Parade on Allmusic] Alan McGee on the Rain Parade in his Guardian Newspaper Column Alternative rock groups from California Jangle pop groups Musical groups established in 1981 Musical groups disestablished in 1986 Musical groups reestablished in 1988 Musical groups disestablished in 1988 Musical groups reestablished in 2012 Musical groups from Los Angeles Psychedelic rock music groups from California Enigma Records artists Sibling musical groups
"Fool" is a song by the English alternative rock band Mansun. The song was written by band-leader Paul Draper. It was recorded and produced by Hugh Padgham with co-producer Michael Hunter during sessions for the group's third studio album. The song was released as the third and final single in early 2001 from the group's third album, Little Kix. The single disappointed commercially reaching the low peak of #28 on the UK Singles Chart during the typically quiet post-Christmas singles market. The music video for "Fool" was directed by Phil Harder. Paul Draper was particularly dismissive of the track calling it his 'least favourite Mansun track'. Writing in the liner-notes to Legacy: The Best of Mansun, he describes "Fool" as an ironic song inspired by a book on songwriting by Jimmy Webb. The song played a part in further straining relations between Draper and the label: 'Bowie intro, comical chorus lyrics and guess what? The label (Parlophone) wanted it as a fucking single! I couldn't believe it.' Track listing Personnel Mansun Paul Draper – lead vocals, acoustic guitar, keyboards Dominic Chad – electric guitar, backing vocals, piano Stove King – bass Andie Rathbone – drums, percussion Production Hugh Padgham – producer ("Fool") Mike Hunter – producer (all tracks except "Fool"), engineering (all tracks except "Fool"), mixing (all tracks except "Fool"), co-producer ("Fool") Mark 'Spike' Stent – mixing ("Fool") Anton Corbijn – band photograph Alex Hutchinson (at Free Barrabas!) - design Chart positions References 2001 singles 2000 songs Mansun songs Songs written by Paul Draper (musician) Song recordings produced by Hugh Padgham Parlophone singles Music videos directed by Phil Harder
The Cajun Catahoulas were a Junior A Tier III ice hockey team, based in Carencro, Louisiana, which is located just outside Lafayette. Initially announced in May 2005 as a Junior B team, the Catahoulas were promoted to Junior A Tier III in August 2007. The team competed in the Midwest division of the Western States Hockey League (WSHL) beginning in 2005–06 season. The Catahoula name was chosen as the Catahoula Leopard Dog is the state dog of Louisiana. For the 2008–09 season the Cajun Catahoulas moved their team and operations to North Richland Hills, Texas to become the Texas Renegades. Season-by-season records References External links Cajun Catahoulas official website Ice hockey teams in Louisiana Lafayette Parish, Louisiana Sports clubs and teams in Lafayette, Louisiana 2005 establishments in Louisiana 2008 disestablishments in Louisiana Ice hockey clubs established in 2005 Ice hockey clubs disestablished in 2008
PeoplePC is an Internet service provider owned by EarthLink. History PeoplePC was founded by Nick Grouf, Max Metral and David Waxman, and launched in the United States in October 1999. It bundled personal computers with internet service and access to discounted products and services. Initially funded by SoftBank, the company's mission was to "democratize technology." Its business model included collective buying, which allowed the company to generate additional revenue from advertising, partnerships, and premium products. In February 2000, the company announced that they would provide PCs and Internet access to all of the employees of Ford Motor Co. and Delta Air Lines. Ford announced a cooperation with PeoplePC shortly after and said they would provide all of their then 350,000 employees with internet access for as little as $5 a month. The deal with Delta led to a total of around 420,000 potential new customers for PeoplePC. The deal with Ford was eventually canceled. In October it was announced, that PeoplePC would open European subsidiaries to enable overseas corporations and governments to offer their employees low-cost home computers and Internet access and later developed partnerships with Vivendi Universal, The New York Times, Blue Cross Blue Shield, and the National Trades Union of Singapore. PeoplePC donated internet access to low-income families through President Clinton's ClickStart initiative, and provided both computers and computer training to economically disadvantaged students through its PeopleGive program. PeoplePC debuted on NASDAQ in August 2000 under the ticker PEOP at $10 a share and its stock declined quickly. In 2002 the company was acquired by EarthLink. PeoplePC has been managed by CEO Nick Grouf since 2002. Products and services When the company started, PeoplePC focused on selling three-year memberships to consumers. As part of the membership, customers received a new computer, which was replaced every three years. They were also granted access to the company's buyer's club and were provided with Internet access and a warranty. PeoplePC then focused more on companies and their employees. Today PeoplePC offers internet services in the main categories internet access, security & tools, and website & marketing. They also provide webmail service to their users without any extra charges. Recognitions In 2006, J.D. Power and Associates ranked PeoplePC Online as the first value-priced dial-up provider to receive the highest ratings from customers in four factors: cost of service, billing, e-mail services, and offerings. References 18. Peoplepc smtp Settings. External links PeoplePC website Telecommunications companies established in 1999 Internet service providers of the United States EarthLink Companies based in Atlanta 2002 mergers and acquisitions
Stole may refer to: Clothing Stole (shawl), a type of shawl, particularly one made of fur Stole (vestment), a Christian liturgical garment Academic stole, a garment worn at formal academic events such as graduation People Stojan Stole Aranđelović (1930–1993), Serbian film actor Stole Dimitrievski (born 1993), Macedonian footballer Stole Janković (1925–1987), Serbian film director and screenwriter Stole Popov (born 1950), Macedonian film director Ole Bjørn Støle (1950–2010), Norwegian Supreme Court justice and lawyer Svein Støle (born 1963), Norwegian businessperson and former journalist Other uses "Stole" (song), a 2002 song by American singer Kelly Rowland See also Stol (disambiguation) Stola (disambiguation) Stolen (disambiguation) Stoll (disambiguation) Stolle, a surname Masculine given names
The first generation Honda Fit is a subcompact car or supermini manufactured by Honda from 2001 to 2008. It debuted in June 2001 in Japan and subsequently was introduced in Europe (early 2002), Australia (late 2002), South America (early 2003), South Africa and Southeast Asia (2003), China (September 2004), and Mexico (late 2005). The Fit's fuel tank under the front seat and compact rear suspension enable the rear seats to fold especially low, creating a flexible and regularised cargo volume that is large for its class. A production model for the United States and Canada debuted on January 8, 2006 at the North American International Auto Show in Detroit. The car was released in Canada on April 3, 2006, and in the U.S. on April 20, 2006 as a 2007 model year. In North American markets, the first-generation Fit was replaced after only two model years by a new 2009 model, which was released for Japan in November 2007 as a 2008 model. Subsequent iterations would maintain the same platforms worldwide. Models The first-generation Fit was sold in 6 variations while its City/Fit Aria sedan sibling was sold in 4 variations. All first generation Fit/Jazz models throughout the world used the following distinct GD or GE codes, found in the vehicle's identification number (VIN): Fit/Jazz GD1: 1.3 L L13A i-DSI inline-four 2WD (Europe: 1.4 L) GD2: 1.3 L L13A i-DSI inline-four 4WD (Japan only) GD3: 1.5 L L15A VTEC inline-four 2WD GD4: 1.5 L L15A VTEC inline-four 4WD (Japan only) GD5: 1.2 L L12A inline-four (Europe) GE3: 1.3 L L13A i-DSI inline-four 2WD (2007 Europe 1.4 L model. Made in China) Drivetrain and platform Depending on the region, the Fit is available with a 1.2-, 1.3- (in Europe referred as 1.4 L model), 1.5-liter i-DSI engine, or 1.5-liter VTEC engine. All four engines are based on Honda's L-series engine family. The eight-valve i-DSI (intelligent Dual and Sequential Ignition) engines use two spark plugs per cylinder, allowing gasoline to burn more completely; therefore, fuel consumption and emissions are reduced while maximum torque at mid-range rpm is maintained. The 1.5 L VTEC engine has the typical 16-valve configuration that can maximise output at high rpm. The engines are mated to a five-speed manual, five-speed automatic, and continuously variable transmission (CVT), depending on the region (CVT not offered in United States prior to 2015). Two forms of CVT are offered: the regular, and CVT-7. The latter offers a smooth, continuous flow of power, or seven simulated "gears" controlled by paddle shifters on the steering column. The Fit uses Honda's Global Small Car platform, which is also used by Fit Aria/City (a sedan version of the Fit), the Airwave (a station wagon version of Fit Aria/City), the Mobilio, and Mobilio Spike. Interior packaging concept The Fit's central fuel tank location under the front rather than rear seats — combined with a compact, semi-independent, H-shaped torsion beam rear suspension — allows for a lower load platform and increased cargo volume. Noted for its "class leading utilization of interior space and maximum flexibility for people or cargo," the Fit offered approximately twice the storage space behind its rear seat compared with the Toyota Yaris hatchback. Ultra Seat: The fuel tank and rear suspension layout also allows a multiple-mode seating system, marketed by Honda as Ultra Seat (Asia) and Magic Seat (North America, Oceania), with four seating modes — and a fifth in certain markets: Normal: seats are in their normal position with seating for five. Utility: Either section (or both) of the 60:40 split rear seat folds and lowers onto itself, creating a flat load surface and increased cargo area. Long: The rear seat behind the passenger folds down similar to utility mode, but the front passenger seat folds backward, leaving an area that can hold items as long as 2.4 meters (7.9 ft). Tall: Either section (or both) of the rear seat cushion fold up against the rear seat back, allowing for an area of 1.28 meters (4.2 ft) in height. Refresh: With the headrest of the front seat removed, the front seat back can be folded down to form a lounge-style sitting area. This was not available in all markets. According to the Fit's chief engineer, Kohei Hitomi, the Magic/Ultra seating system's design "came about after the design team had spent long hours watching people in supermarkets and how they stored their things." Ultra Luggage: In certain markets, Honda offers the Fit/Jazz without a spare tire, a system marketed as Ultra Luggage, where the spare tire well is used as part of a 'Tall' mode cargo area behind the rear seats. A flexible flap allows three configurations of rear storage: Regular, Tall and Upper/Lower mode. Production The first-generation Fit was produced at six locations, in Suzuka, Japan; Sumaré, Brazil; Guangzhou, China; Ayutthaya, Thailand; Karawang, Indonesia; and Laguna, Philippines. Models produced in Japan were for Honda's home market, Europe, some Asian markets, Australia (till the end of 2005), Canada and the United States. Models for the Malaysian, Singaporean, and Vietnamese markets are produced in Thailand. The Brazilian factory supplied Mexico, all of Latin America and the Caribbean. Chinese models were sold in mainland China, and products from a dedicated export plant were exported to some left-hand-drive European markets, while Jazz models in Hong Kong were imported from Japan. Markets Japan Two engines (1.3 i-DSI and 1.5 VTEC) were offered, each with a number of trim lines ranging from the basic "Y" to the sporty "S". The 1.3 L i-DSI was available with only the regular CVT automatic. The 1.5 L VTEC model with CVT-7 was added in September 2002. A five-speed manual was added in June 2004 for FWD model with the larger engine. The Fit is also available in 4WD here. Starting at a price of about JPY1,123,000 is the basic 1.3Y model. At the top of the range is the 1.5W four-wheel-drive version for JPY1,743,000. A bewildering range of options and accessories are available at most levels, including Honda's HDD GPS Navigation System called Internavi with its colour screen. This system incorporates TV and FM radio. In Japan, the Fit replaced the market segment previously served by the seventh-generation Honda Civic and shared a platform with the fourth-generation Honda City, when the Civic no longer complied with Japanese Government dimension regulations when the Civic exceeded the 1700 mm width dimension. Europe Like Japan, the European Honda Jazz also has two engines available. The European-only 1.2 i-DSI is offered as the base model in many countries, and can be purchased only with a five-speed manual transmission. The 1.4 i-DSI is identical to the 1,339 cc 1.3 i-DSI sold in Japan, but marketed as a 1.4 L to differentiate it from the smaller 1.2 L engine (at 1,244 cc, it is closer to 1.3 L than the bigger one is to 1.4 L). 1.4 L models started out well-equipped with the 5-speed manual standard and CVT-7 available as an option. All European Jazz models have Anti-lock braking system (ABS) with front disc brakes and rear drum brakes or disc brakes. Side airbags are standard on high end models. The Jazz has been Honda's best-selling model, comprising 30% of European sales. China Local production and sale of the Fit (Hatchback) in China started in September 2004, roughly one year after the launch of the sedan version 'Fit saloon' (City/Fit Aria) in September 2003. The trims are similar to those in Japan; with the combination of 1.3 i-DSI, 1.5 VTEC, five-speed manual, and CVT, there are four models in total. North America The Fit went on sale in the United States and Canada in April 2006 for model year 2007, replacing the seventh-generation Civic hatchback for North America and becoming that market's chief entry-level subcompact. The Civic continues to grow in size and price and was reclassified as a compact (larger than a subcompact) in 2001. In keeping with Honda's safety initiative, the Fit was offered in North America with power windows, standard side airbags, side-curtain airbags, and ABS, in addition to the mandatory front airbags. Due to differing safety regulations, North American Fits have larger bumpers and a longer front clip than the rest of the world, resulting in a slight increase in overall length. For the 2008 model, U.S. models feature the Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) to alert the driver of low pressure in any of the four stock wheels. Unlike some systems, the system in the 2008 Fit notifies the driver that a tire is low, but not which tire. The Fit narrowly missed qualifying for the Canadian government's $1,000 rebate, which is only offered for cars that meet the new federal fuel efficiency rating. Honda Canada Inc. decided to reimburse consumers the rebate for 2007, and a revision to the federal ratings allowed the 2008 Fit to qualify for the $1,000 rebate. The Fit was offered in two variants in the United States (Base and Sport), and three in Canada (DX, LX and Sport). Differences were primarily limited to cosmetics and standard equipment, since all models shared the same 1.5 L 109 hp (81 kW) engine and standard five-speed manual transmission. A conventional five-speed automatic transmission was optional, instead of the automatic CVT found throughout the rest of the world. The Fit Sport model received paddle shifters mounted behind the steering wheel when ordered with the automatic. For calendar year 2006, 27,934 Fits were sold in the United States. A total of 56,432 Fits were sold in the United States in 2007. The 2008 Honda Fit was largely unchanged from the 2007 model with the exception of TPMS and new windshield wipers that abandon the large rubber-blade design to a more traditional rigid plastic with thin rubber-blade design. MSRP was also increased by roughly US$100. Total sales in the United States for the year were 79,794, an increase of almost 41% over previous year. Reception Honda marketed the Fit as "Small is the New Big". Car and Driver magazine described, that "not only is it endowed with an impressive array of standard features and an upscale interior, but its dynamics rival the responses of cars with much fancier pedigrees and price tags." The magazine even cited its lane-change number of 71.4 mph edged the best run by a Ferrari F430 Spider F1 tested. The car was included in Car and Driver′s "10 Best Lists" three times. In May 2006, the Fit was placed first in a Car and Driver comparison of seven economy cars that included Nissan Versa and Toyota Yaris. Consumer Guide said in its review, "While prices seem steep for a subcompact (compared to the Toyota Yaris and Nissan Versa), this is one in name and exterior size only; it's really a small wagon that challenges some compact SUVs for room while getting significantly better fuel economy". Mexico Fit, sourced from Brazil, was launched in October 2005. Brazil Honda started local production and sale of Fit in April 2003 when Brazil became the second production base, after Japan, for Fit. In Brazil, though initially was available with the 1.3 L i-DSI engine only, eventually the Fit has the same engines as the Japanese models (all Brazilian Honda cars have engines imported from Japan) and there are three trim levels available. Base model LX features the 1.35 i-DSI engine (which is marketed as 1.4 in Brazil) and driver side airbag. The second model in the range, the LXL, features the same engine from the LX, but adds some extra equipment: passenger side airbag and ABS. Top model EX has essentially the same equipment as the LXL, but comes with the 1.5 VTEC engine. All models are available with the five-speed manual or the regular CVT automatic. There are neither side airbags nor side curtains available for the Brazilian version. Also, the radio antenna is positioned differently, as it is near the front of the roof. Honda started selling the 2007 model in February 2006 with new bumpers and some cosmetic changes. Alcohol (ethanol) and gasoline hybrid Fit: Honda Brazil began sales in mid-December 2006, only for the 1.35 i-DSI. at 100% gasoline and at 100% alcohol. It also works with any intermediary mix rate. There is an additional gasoline fuel tank on the right side under the triangle window for low temperature starts. Honda Fit was awarded by Quatro Rodas magazine as Best Buy in 2005 and 2006, and as the car with happiest buyers in 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2007. South Africa Launched in 2003, it was sold as the Jazz in South Africa. It is available with the 1.3 i-DSI (badged as a 1.4) or 1.5 VTEC engines both offered with either manual or CVT (automatic) transmission. Chile All Honda Fits sold in Chile are built in Brazil, except for a few early 2004 models. Until 2007, all three Brazilian trim levels were available LX, LXL and EX, with five-speed manual or CVT automatic transmissions, but for 2008 models, the 1.5-liter 16-valve VTEC engine is no longer available, while the Brazilian LXL, with 1.35-liter 8-valve i-DSI engine, is sold as EX. No alcohol powered engines are available in Chile. Australia The Honda Jazz offering in Australia follows, to a degree, the Japanese versions (excluding the 4WD models), and was released in Australia in October 2002. The base model Jazz GLi is powered by a 1.34-liter i-DSI engine, and includes air-conditioning, a CD player, two front airbags, ABS brakes, EBD, a trip computer, remote central locking, a transponder coded immobilizer, power steering, windows and mirrors. Standard is a five-speed manual gearbox, with the auto CVT an optional extra. The VTi adds the 1.5-liter VTEC engine, "sports" trim, and side mirror-mounted turning indicators. Optional is the version of the auto CVT with Formula 1 inspired gear shift paddles on the steering wheel; the VTi-S has a "sports" body kit, fog lights, and alloy wheels. A "dot" on the "J" in Jazz on the rear of the first-generation model indicates whether it is powered by a 1.5- or 1.3-liter engine. The 1.5-liter version (VTi) has a blue dot and 1.3-liter version (GLi) has a red dot. The second-generation models can be differentiated by the presence (VTi) or absence (GLi) of audio controls on the steering wheel. The body kit for the VTi-S has changed since its introduction in 2003. The picture to the right illustrates the differences. The white Jazz VTi-S in the middle is a December 2003 model, while the left silver Jazz is a 2004 VTi with optional bodykit, the right silver Jazz is a 2004 model VTi-S. Since its introduction to Australia, the Jazz has been imported from Japan. However, in late 2005, Honda Australia began importing the Jazz from Thailand. The cheaper production costs allowed Honda to make significant price cuts across the Jazz range, though the color range has been reduced to six (compared to twelve in Japan). In 2006, the Australian Honda Jazz received a minor cosmetic facelift. At this stage, a free trade agreement between Australia and Thailand resulted all Australian Honda Jazz models being made in the Thailand factory. The model and trim variants remained the same, excluding the cosmetic changes. All Jazz models were upgraded to LED tail lights as standard and also the 1.3 L GLi Jazz models have its antenna mounted at the front just above the front windscreen. The VTi 1.5 L engine and body remained the same with the addition of a sports collapsible antenna mounting on the rear roof. The CVT paddle shift system was altered for easier use. The paddle system is down gears on the left and up gears on the right. The previous model had a shifter for both up down at the three-o'clock and nine-o'clock positions. The VTi-S is mechanically similar to the VTi, but has a sports body kit. In addition, the LED tail lights are smoked, giving a more 'sporty' look. Malaysia The Malaysian version was available in two variants, the 1.5 i-DSI and 1.5 VTEC. Both are equipped with CVT-7 and are front wheel drive. No manual transmission is offered. Unlike the Australian market, which had different trims for the Jazz e.g., (GLi (base model with 1.3 motor), VTi (1.5 VTEC motor without body kit) and VTi-S (Sports model with body kit), the Malaysian Jazz models were either the 1.3 iDSi or the 1.5 VTEC. As of March 2003, a sole 1.4 i-DSi model was the only variant available. Standard equipment on both models includes air-conditioning, driver and front passenger air-bags, CD/radio head unit, ABS brakes, EBD, trip computer, central locking, power-assisted windows, power-assisted side mirrors, power-assisted steering, reflector halogen headlights, and folding seats. Optional extras can be purchased from Honda Dealers/Service Centers all around Malaysia at retail price. A three-year warranty is standard for all Jazz models purchased from authorized Honda dealers in Malaysia. Initially, the Jazz was sold as an imported model from Japan, with the sole variant powered by a 1.3 i-DSI engine. Variants included the 1.3 i-DSi and the 1.5 VTEC model. In 2004, the 1.5 i-DSi models were imported from Thailand and 1.5 i-VTEC models were imported from Japan. Subsequently, Malaysia received units built in Thailand. The main and most noticeable difference were rear disc brakes. Japanese models incorporated rear drum brakes. In early 2006, the Jazz underwent a facelift (introduced earlier in Japan). The new version included new front fascia and bumpers, new rear bumper, new side skirts, side-mirror-mounted indicators/turn signals, rear LED brake lights, rear LED third brake light, body-colored housing headlights and minor interior changes. The motor remained unchanged. Singapore Sold as the Jazz in Singapore by the authorized dealer and Fit by parallel importers. 1.5 L i-DSI variant is offered for the Jazz while the Fit sold by parallel importers is available in 1.3 L only. CVT or five-speed manual transmissions are offered in Singapore. Thailand Introduced in November 2003 for local production and sold as the Jazz in Thailand. Thailand became the third production base to produce Fit, after Japan and Brazil. Initially it was available only with a 1.5 L i-DSI engine, which it shared with City (Fit Aria), and either a five-speed manual transmission or CVT. It is available in two variants, the 1.5 i-DSI and 1.5 VTEC. Both of them have front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout with CVT-7 or five-speed manual transmission offered. Indonesia The Jazz was first imported from Japan under the name Fit in 2002 through grey import channels. In late 2003, Honda Prospect Motor decided to import the Jazz from Thailand. The Thai-imported Jazz was then launched in Indonesia on 19 February 2004. Overwhelming demand caused Honda Prospect Motor to assemble Jazz locally at Karawang plant in 2004, while still selling the imported Jazz i-DSI alongside the local one. The Honda Jazz was an instant success and became the fourth best-selling car in Indonesia. It was initially offered in only one trim with the 1.5 i-DSI engine mated to either a 5-speed manual or a CVT transmission. In early 2005, a VTEC model was offered with added rear disc brakes, ABS, EBD and airbags. The Jazz received its facelift in 2006. Philippines Sold as the Jazz in the Philippines from 2004 up to 2008 (1st generation). It is available with three trim lines: 1.3 L - five-speed manual, power steering, without airbag 1.3 S - five-speed manual/CVT, all-power, ABS, dual SRS airbag 1.5 S - five-speed manual/CVT(2005), all-power, ABS, dual SRS airbag and 2 engine configurations: L13A i-DSI 1,339 cc SOHC 8-valve L15A VTEC 1,496 cc SOHC 16-valve 2004 models were imported from Thailand, while 2005–08 models were built in Honda's plant in Laguna. Safety 2007 Honda Fit NHTSA crash scores: Frontal Driver: Frontal Passenger: Side Driver: Side Rear Passenger: Rollover: Euro NCAP test of a 2004 Honda Jazz 1.4 SE (RHD) model: Awarded stars Honda Jazz became the supermini to have the best overall performance for combined safety in its class. References External links Fit Cars introduced in 2001 Subcompact cars Hatchbacks Front-wheel-drive vehicles All-wheel-drive vehicles Euro NCAP superminis Vehicles with CVT transmission Hybrid electric cars Cars of Brazil
Federal Route 114, or Jalan Teluk Burau, Jalan Kuala Periang and Jalan Padang Matsirat (formerly Kedah state route K18 on Jalan Padang Matsirat side), is a major federal road in Langkawi Island, Kedah, Malaysia Features At most sections, the Federal Route 114 was built under the JKR R5 road standard, with a speed limit of 90 km/h. List of junctions and town References Malaysian Federal Roads
The People's Recovery Empowerment Development Assistance Foundation, commonly referred to as the PREDA Foundation or PREDA, is a charitable organization that was founded in Olongapo City, Philippines in 1974. Its purposes include the promotion and protection of the dignity and the Human Rights of the Filipino people, especially of women and children. The main focus is to assist the sexually-exploited and abused children. History Father Shay Cullen is a Catholic missionary priest from Dublin, Ireland, a member of the Missionary Society of St. Columban. He helped found the charity in 1974 along with Alex Corpus Hermoso and Merly Ramirez. Since then, Fr. Shay Cullen has been nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize twice. Preda Foundation and Fr. Shay Cullen were awarded the prestigious Human Rights Award from the City of Weimar, in Germany. In 2012, the PREDA Foundation spoke out about the case of the 52,000 Amerasians in the Philippines, the children from soldiers of the US Army settlements in the country who did not get legal recognition of their origins from their own government. Description The Preda Foundation is licensed and accredited by the Philippine government. The Preda Foundation is dedicated to the protection of children and working for social transformation and a just and corrupt free society. It has worked to prevent children being locked in small, cramped jails without basic rights. Preda has been actively involved in helping victims of the human trafficking and sex slave trade in the Angeles City. Preda has been involved in promoting and defending the Rights of Children and their Defenders. Preda cooperates closely with international legal tribunals Interpol and the UN Commission on Human Rights. The PREDA Foundation provides rescue, treatment and recovery for sexually and physically abused children. It investigates and prosecutes abusers, to prevent and protect children and youth against child abuse, substance abuse and AIDS. The foundation helps families in being self-reliant, promotes livelihood training and employment with just wages by providing capital, interest free loans, technical assistance to producers and markets through the Fair Trade Movement and the commercial market. The foundation also works with media to develop public awareness and protect children. Preda projects Childhood For Children: Rescues Children and youth from brothels and domestic abuse. Rescues children from sexual abusive situations in home or in the streets and brothels. It has helped law enforcement agencies in the detection, arrest and criminal prosecution of those involved in these crimes. Legal Services: free legal services for children that have been accused of crime. They also provide research and legal assistance in the prosecution of their abusers. Rescue Every Child Today (REACT): Responsible for visits to jails and works on the cases of children in conflict with the Law. The REACT project provides a residential center with therapeutic activities, trainings, non-formal education and legal assistance. Street Child Education Early Kontact and Outreach (SEEKOUT): Helps street children that are in dire circumstances by providing help through fresh food, clothes, learning and legal assistance. Public Education and Preventive Seminars (PEPS): Provides specialized workshops and training seminars for the prevention of child abuse, drug abuse and the HIV-AIDS by using handouts, posters, video showing and direct people participation. Special Human Rights Education and Lobbying (SHARE): A project directed to the Barangay communities, college business on child protection and legal procedures in child abuse cases. Research, Advocacy, Information and Networking (RAIN): dissemination through articles, pamphlets, newsletters, public speaking engagements, global awareness building in the Philippines and abroad, through media (radio and TV), and working with journalists and broadcasters. Indigenous Peoples Assistance Community Training (IMPACT): helping organize Indigenous People's leaders for dialogue and community action for environmental protection and development. establishes tree nurseries and provides a least a thousand (2 meter tall) saplings yearly planted by the Indigenous people and volunteers. There are special scholarships for the youth of the 3 communities participating in the project. Youth Organising and Empowerment Training and Theatre training production (AKBAY): Training in social and family values, leadership training and character formation through seminars, workshops, summer camps, and social projects done by the youth. Scholarship for Youth (SCHOLAR): Providing specialised education in nursing assistance, social work, and computer training for disadvantaged youth. The Computer training course is conducted at the Preda computer laboratory with 20 units. The course is certified by TESDA and Microsoft through the LEARN Foundation. Internet Safety Campaign (INSEC): National and International safety advocacy campaigns for Internet safety. Fair Trading: This is a nationwide project assisting 26 village and urban based production groups making quality handicraft items that are exported by Preda. The project practices the Fair trade criteria and gives interest free production loans, development loans and access to export markets. Village infrastructure projects (clean water systems, land purchase) product design and other family services are provided. Tetra Bag Project: The Preda recycling project turned the hundreds of thousands of throwaway aluminum foil pouches into raw material for lucrative livelihood projects for abandoned mothers, survivors of sexual exploitation, youth rescued from prisons, students, and dozens of waste paper collectors and out of work sewers. Fil-American children Preda has been highly active in the cause of helping Fil-American Children. Preda Social workers organized the association of 720 mother of Fil-American children, provided family research assistance and helping to pursue a class action suit in the US court of complaints in Washington, D.C., on behalf of the children in 1993. Preda visited and lobbied the US congress and State Department and succeeded in advancing a US congressional resolution assigning $650,000 for the FilAm children through US AID and other agencies. Campaign against pedophiles and human trafficking Preda has been highly active in the Philippines in a campaign against pedophiles and human trafficking. The Preda Human Rights team lobbied successfully for the passing of the Olongapo City Anti-Prostitution Ordinance No. 51. In March, 2008, Preda organized a march from the Olongapo City hall with banners and placards to the gate of the former United States Military base and held a rally calling for the implementation of the law and for the city government to cancel permits given to sex bars and clubs. This was a historic first. Never was there such a public protest allowed on the streets before. Preda have been actively involved in the fight against the child sex slavery trade in the notorious pedophile haunt of Angeles. Working undercover with law enforcement agencies and volunteers, with the help of hidden cameras, they have uncovered bars trafficking children for prostitution in Angeles. Threats and harassment against PREDA staff PREDA staffers receive threats from pedophiles and their sympathizers in the sex tourist industry. The staff are continually harassed with false charges and smear campaigns to prevent them pursuing justice for victims of sexual abuse. As a result, PREDA works for the implementation of the UN Declaration of 1998 protecting the defenders of human rights against such abuse. When Father Shay Cullen exposed a child prostitution ring in Subic Bay he was threatened with deportation. Awards and nominations Nobel Peace Prize Nomination: On October 3, 2002, Canadian MP Hon. David Kilgour of Edmonton Southeast nominated Fr. Shay for the Award. Nobel Nomination 2003: Christa Nickels, German MP nominated Fr. Shay for the 2003 Nobel Peace Prize. In 2003, Fr. Shay was awarded the first Prix Caritas by Caritas Switzerland. Awarded to Preda in honour of its initiatives and extraordinary engagement for children in need. A film about children's rights campaigner, Fr Shay Cullen has been won the Radharc Award 2004. Entitled 'Fr Shay Cullen: Taking a Stand' and produced by Annette Kinne Andec Communications, the documentary was filmed on location in the Philippines, Germany, Britain and Ireland. BETINHO PRIZE. Preda was shortlisted for the 2000 Association for Progressive Communications (APC) Betinho Communications Prize because of their website preda.org and the use of the internet for human rights campaign. On September 13, 2008, FR. Shay Cullen and PREDA was awarded the International Person Of The Year Award in Dublin, Ireland. On October 9, 2008, Fr. Shay Cullen was awarded the International Solidarity Prize by the Prestigious World Medical Child Care Associations. Fr. Shay Cullen was honoured with the Humanitarian Award at the 2009 Meteor Ireland Music Awards. References External links Speech by Fr Shay Cullen on the Sexual Abuse of Children at The International Solidarity Prize 2008 Presentation on Crin.org Anti-prostitution activism Human trafficking in the Philippines Organizations that combat human trafficking Child-related organizations in the Philippines Organizations established in 1974 1974 establishments in the Philippines Charities based in the Philippines
Mustafa Zaman Abbasi (born 8 December 1936) is a Bangladeshi musicologist. He was awarded Ekushey Padak in 1995 by the Government of Bangladesh. Abbasi is the youngest son of folk singer-composer Abbas Uddin Ahmed. As of 2016, he serves as a senior research scholar at the "Kazi Nazrul Islam and Abbasuddin Research and Study Centre" of Independent University, Bangladesh. Background Abbasi is the third son of Abbasuddin Ahmed. His eldest brother Mustafa Kamal was the Chief Justice of Bangladesh. His sister Ferdausi Rahman is a playback singer. Abbasi was trained by Indian classical musicians including Ustad Muhammad Hussain Khasru and Ustad Gul Mohammad Khan. Works Abbasi has published more than fifty books in total. He has published two books on Bhawaiya music with staff notation of about 1,200 songs. He has published several books on poems of Jalaluddin Rumi, Niffari and Sultan Bahu. His books include "Abbasuddin Ahmed, Manush o Shilpi", "Kazi Nazrul Islam, Man and Poet" and "Puribo Ekaki". He anchored television programs including "Amar Thikana" and "Bhora Nadeer Banke". Awards Ekushey Padak (1995) Apex Foundation Award Natyasobha Award Bengal Centenary Award Abbasuddin Gold Medal Manik Mia Award Sylhet Music Award Lalon Parishad Award Personal life Abbasi is married to Asma Abbasi. His daughters are Samira Abbasi and Sharmini Abbasi. References Living people 1936 births Bangladeshi male musicians Recipients of the Ekushey Padak in arts Honorary Fellows of Bangla Academy Bangladeshi people of Indian descent Musicians from West Bengal St. Gregory's High School and College alumni
Ernst Ferdinand Sauerbruch (; 3 July 1875 – 2 July 1951) was a German surgeon. His major work was on the use of negative-pressure chambers for surgery. Biography Sauerbruch was born in Barmen (now a district of Wuppertal), Germany. He studied medicine at the Philipps University of Marburg, the University of Greifswald, the Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, and the University of Leipzig, from the last of which he graduated in 1902. He went to Breslau in 1903, where he developed the Sauerbruch chamber, a pressure chamber for operating on the open thorax, which he demonstrated in 1904. This invention was a breakthrough in thorax medicine and allowed heart and lung operations to take place at greatly reduced risk. As a battlefield surgeon during World War I, he developed several new types of limb prostheses, which for the first time enabled simple movements to be executed with the remaining muscle of the patient. Sauerbruch worked at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich from 1918 to 1927 on surgical techniques and diets for treating tuberculosis. From 1928 to 1949, he was the head of the surgical department at the Charité in Berlin, attaining international fame for his innovative operations. Because of his experience and extraordinary skills, he quickly attained an international reputation and operated on many prominent patients. At the same time, he was well known for his uncompromising and passionate dedication to all patients independent of their social, political or ethnic backgrounds. Before World War II, the German Government awarded Sauerbruch the German National Prize for Art and Science. Sauerbruch's position towards the Nazi government is still the subject of debate. In his position, he was clearly in contact with the political elite but he was never a member of the NSDAP. However, he did support the political objectives of the NSDAP and encouraged other scientists to join it. In 1935, Prussian Minister President Hermann Göring appointed him to the Prussian State Council, and he remained a member through the end of the Nazi regime. He was a fervent nationalist who wanted to undo the "humiliation of Versailles" and was keen to show off his country as an advanced and sophisticated society. While he had accepted the German Nationalpreis, a short-lived German alternative to the Nobel Prize, it is said he also publicly spoke out for people who were persecuted (e.g. the Impressionist painter Max Liebermann). He was part of the so-called Mittwochsgesellschaft (de) (Wednesday Society), a group of scientists that included critical voices; and after July 20, 1944 he was arrested and interrogated by the Gestapo because his son Peter had ties to Claus von Stauffenberg. In 1937, he became a member of the newly established Reich Research Council that supported "research projects" of the SS, including experiments on prisoners in the concentration camps. As head of the General Medicine Branch of the RRC, it was alleged that he personally approved the funds which financed August Hirt's experiments with mustard gas on prisoners at Natzweiler concentration camp from 1941 until 1944. However, he was one of the few university professors who publicly spoke out against the NS-Euthanasia program T4. In 1942, he became Surgeon General to the army. In mid-September 1943, Sauerbruch was awarded the Knight's Cross of the War Merit Cross with Swords. On 12 October 1945, he was charged by the Allies for having contributed to the Nazi dictatorship, but acquitted for lack of evidence. Sauerbruch continued hospital surgery throughout the whole war; his operating theatre was taken by the Red Army in 1945. Late in life, he developed dementia and was dismissed from the Charité because he continued to perform surgeries on patients, some with uncertain results. His colleagues detected the errors but were unable to stop him because of his fame and power. Sauerbruch died in Berlin at the age of seventy-five. He is buried at Wannsee. A high school in Grossröhrsdorf in Saxony in modern Germany bears his name. Portrayals in Media Sauerbruch's life was portrayed in the German 1954 film Sauerbruch – Das war mein Leben, which is based on his memoirs Das war mein Leben (This Was My Life), although the validity of these memoirs (written by the journalist Hans Rudolf Berndorff) is contested by Sauerbruch's disciple Rudolf Nissen. The second series of the German series Charité at War (TV series) depicts the workings of the Charité under Sauerbruch's leadership during World War II and the impact of the contemporary political climate on the hospital staff. Children His eldest son Hans Sauerbruch (1910–1996) became a painter; he lived in Berlin, Rome and after the war in Konstanz where his son, the architect Matthias Sauerbruch, was born. Sauerbruch's second son, Friedrich Sauerbruch (born 1911), was a surgeon as well. He assisted his father and was actually responsible for the termination of his father's activities at the Charité (which had become too risky due to his illness). He lived in Berlin and later in Moers. The third son Peter Sauerbruch (5 June 1913 – 29 September 2010) was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 4 January 1943 as a Hauptmann in the general staff of the 14th Panzer Division and leader of a Kampfgruppe "Sauerbruch". He lived in Hamburg and Munich. References Bibliography Ferdinand Sauerbruch: Das war mein Leben, Autobiography, 639 pages, Kindler u. Schiermeyer 1951 Friedolf Kudlien und Christian Andree: Sauerbruch und der Nationalsozialismus. Medizinhistorisches Journal, Band 15, 1980 Rudolf Nissen, Helle Blätter, dunkle Blätter, Erinnerungen eines Chirurgen, Page 142 ff. Rolf Winau, Die Berliner Charité als Zentrum der Chirurgie: Ferdinand Sauerbruchs Lebensleistung und sein Verhältnis zum Nationalsozialismus aus Meilensteine der Medizin, Hrsg Heinz Schott, 1996 External links Excerpt from the movie Die willkürlich bewegbare künstliche Hand (1937) by Sauerbruch 1875 births 1951 deaths Academic staff of the University of Greifswald German military doctors German nationalists German surgeons Major generals of the German Army (Wehrmacht) Members of the Prussian State Council (Nazi Germany) People from the Rhine Province Physicians from Wuppertal Physicians of the Charité Recipients of the Knights Cross of the War Merit Cross University of Greifswald alumni Leipzig University alumni
Day's Itchen Ground was a cricket ground in Southampton, which hosted first-class cricket from 1848 to 1850. History County cricket in Southampton had been played across the River Itchen at the Antelope Ground since 1839. In 1845, the ground was threatened by building speculation, which prompted Daniel Day to move to a ground across the river at Woolston on a field owned by the Woolston Hotel. The ground's total area was roughly , with a wooden cricket pavilion being constructed on its north side. The first match was played there in March 1846, when the Married of Southampton played the Single of Southampton. First-class cricket was first played there in 1848, when Hampshire played the All-England Eleven. Subsequently, two further first-class matches were played there between the sides in 1849 and 1850. Day found the ground to be financially unviable, having cost him between £1,000 and £2,000, and he moved to Portsmouth to manage the East Hampshire Cricket Ground at Southsea when the lease at the Itchen Ground expired in 1851. The ground was subsequently built over in the 1850s, with first-class cricket in Southampton returning to the Antelope Ground until 1884. Records First-class Highest team total: 131 all out by All England Eleven v Hampshire, 1850 Lowest team total: 22 all out by All England Eleven v Hampshire, 1848 Highest individual innings: 46 by Joe Guy for All England Eleven v Hampshire, 1850 Best bowling in an innings: 8-1? (scorecard incomplete) by William Hillyer, as above Best bowling in a match: 14-48 by William Hillyer for All England Eleven v Hampshire, 1848 References External links Day's Itchen Ground at ESPNcricinfo Sport in Southampton Sports venues completed in 1846 Defunct sports venues in Hampshire Defunct cricket grounds in England Cricket grounds in Hampshire
John H. Mahan (July 22, 1898 – September 2, 1955) was an American track and field athlete who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics. He was born in Gainesville, Texas. Mahan a fullback and kicker on the national champion 1919 Texas A&M Aggies football team under head coach Dana X. Bible. In 1920, he finished twelfth in the javelin throw competition. References External links 1898 births 1955 deaths Texas A&M Aggies football players Track and field athletes from Texas American male javelin throwers Olympic track and field athletes for the United States People from Gainesville, Texas Sportspeople from Cooke County, Texas Athletes (track and field) at the 1920 Summer Olympics
```javascript import { DeleteJobCommand, GlueClient } from "@aws-sdk/client-glue"; /** snippet-start:[javascript.v3.glue.actions.DeleteJob] / const deleteJob = (jobName) => { const client = new GlueClient({}); const command = new DeleteJobCommand({ JobName: jobName, }); return client.send(command); }; /* snippet-end:[javascript.v3.glue.actions.DeleteJob] */ export { deleteJob }; ```
Navarone is a Dutch alternative rock band, formed in Nijmegen in 2008. Biography Navarone originated as a musical project between lead singer Merijn van Haren and guitarist Kees Lewiszong. In their early years, still performing under the name Overthrow, they caught the attention of Golden Earring, eventually leading to a series of opening acts for their shows. Golden Earring's frontman Barry Hay came up with the idea of renaming their band to The Guns of Navarone. Even though the name was well received, the band thought the resemblance with the name Guns N' Roses was too close, so eventually they settled with the name Navarone. Their first EP was recorded and released in 2009, which led them to the final round of The Next Best Band contest, airplay on 3FM in Rob Stenders' Indecent Proposal, a number-one notation on KX-Radio, and a series of live performances, including one on Paaspop. The band stayed under the radar for a period of two years as their band members were granted the opportunity to graduate and have their lead singer Merijn recover from a vocal issue. After a period of rest and a summer of rehearsal, they released their first album, A Darker Shade of White, in the summer of 2012. In May 2014, the band released their second studio album, Vim and Vigor. The album was succeeded in November 2014 by the live album and DVD A Date at the Chapel, which documented two acoustic concerts of Navarone with a classical ensemble. In 2018, the band competed in the ninth season of The Voice of Holland, turned all four chairs at their Blind auditions and selected Anouk as their coach. They eventually finished as runner-up overall and were the first band to compete as well as reach the finale in the history of the show. Members Merijn van Haren (lead singer, 2004-) Kees Lewiszong (lead guitarist, 2004-) Bram Versteeg (bassist, 2005-) Robin Assen (drums, 2004-) Roman Huijbreghs (rhythm guitarist and vocals, 2004-) Discography Studio albums A Darker Shade of White (2012) Vim and Vigor (2014) Oscilation (2017) Salvo (2018) V (2023) Other releases Navarone - EP (2009) A Date at the Chapel - Live & DVD (2014) Loud and Clear - EP (2018) Singles and promos Highland Bull (2012) December (2013) The Red Queen (2014) Smash 'n Grab (2014) Step by Step (2017) Soon I'll be Home (2018) Lonely Nights (2018) Loud and Clear (2018) Cerberus (2018) The Strong Survive (2018) Perfect Design (2019) References External links Navarone on Facebook Navarone at Bandcamp Dutch rock music groups Dutch hard rock musical groups Dutch progressive rock groups Musical groups established in 2008 2008 establishments in the Netherlands Musical groups from Nijmegen Dutch musical quintets
Clavelina ("little bottle") is genus of sea squirts (the Ascidiacea), containing the following species: Clavelina amplexa Kott, 2002 Clavelina arafurensis Tokioka, 1952 Clavelina auracea Monniot, 1997 Clavelina australis (Herdman, 1899) Clavelina baudinensis Kott, 1957 Clavelina borealis Savigny, 1816 Clavelina brasiliensis (Millar, 1977) Clavelina breve Monniot, 1997 Clavelina coerulea Oka, 1934 Clavelina concrescens Hartmeyer, 1924 Clavelina cyclus Tokioka & Nishikawa, 1975 Clavelina cylindrica (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834) Clavelina dagysa (Kott, 1957) Clavelina dellavallei (Zirpolo, 1825) Clavelina detorta (Sluiter, 1904) Clavelina elegans (Oka, 1927) Clavelina enormis Herdman, 1880 Clavelina fasciculata Van Name, 1945 Clavelina fecunda (Sluiter, 1904) Clavelina gemmae Turon, 2005 Clavelina huntsmani Van Name, 1931 Clavelina kottae (Millar, 1960) Clavelina lepadiformis (Müller, 1776) Clavelina maculata Monniot & Monniot, 2001 Clavelina meridionalis (Herdman, 1891) Clavelina michaelseni Millar, 1982 Clavelina miniata Watanabe & Tokioka, 1973 Clavelina minuta Tokioka, 1962 Clavelina mirabilis Kott, 1972 Clavelina moluccensis (Sluiter, 1904) Clavelina neapolitana Della Valle, 1881 Clavelina nigra Kott, 1990 Clavelina obesa Nishikawa & Tokioka, 1976 Clavelina oblonga Herdman, 1880 Clavelina oliva Kott, 1990 Clavelina ostrearium (Michaelsen, 1930) Clavelina phlegraea Salfi, 1929 Clavelina picta (Verrill, 1900) Clavelina polycitorella (Tokioka, 1954) Clavelina pseudobaudinensis (Kott, 1976) Clavelina puertosecensis Millar & Goodbody, 1974 Clavelina robusta Kott, 1990 Clavelina roseola Millar, 1955 Clavelina sabbadini Brunetti, 1987 Clavelina simplex Kott, 2006 Clavelina steenbrasensis Millar, 1955 Clavelina viola Tokioka & Nishikawa, 1976 References Aplousobranchia Tunicate genera Taxa named by Marie Jules César Savigny
The Balintawak Interchange , also known as the Balintawak Cloverleaf, is a two-level cloverleaf interchange in Quezon City, Metro Manila, the Philippines which serves as the junction between Epifanio de los Santos Avenue (EDSA) and the North Luzon Expressway (NLEx). Opened in 1968 as part of the initial NLEx segment between Quezon City and Guiguinto, Bulacan, it was one of the first projects of the Construction and Development Corporation of the Philippines, now the Philippine National Construction Corporation (PNCC). Construction of the interchange was precipitated by the large number of motor vehicles in Manila and the surrounding suburbs in the 1960s, which contributed to significant traffic congestion. On June 25, 1966, President Ferdinand Marcos ordered the Department of Public Works to undertake the construction of a number of road projects to be financed through World War II reparations, including the construction of interchanges on vital intersections along EDSA. This order led to the construction of this interchange, replacing a previous roundabout between EDSA, A. Bonifacio Avenue, and Quirino Highway, and the Magallanes Interchange between EDSA and the South Luzon Expressway (SLEX), which opened in 1975. A shrine to Andres Bonifacio was later built inside the interchange, which underwent a renovation in 2009. Flooding in the area around the Balintawak Interchange is a problem, with the interchange being named in 2014 as one of the twenty-two most flood-prone roadways in Metro Manila. In 2015, the Manila North Tollways Corporation, the concessionaire of NLEX, spent close to to improve the interchange's drainage systems in order to mitigate flooding. In addition to flooding, the interchange has been criticized by columnist Cito Beltran of The Philippine Star for being rife with corrupt policemen and petty crime. Apart from the wet markets and drop-off points of goods from the north, Ayala Malls Cloverleaf and the entire Cloverleaf complex is located southeast of the interchange. An LRT-1 station serves the location east of the interchange. References Road interchanges in the Philippines
Forest Park is a town in Oklahoma County, Oklahoma, United States, and a part of the Oklahoma City metropolitan area. The population was 998 at the 2010 census. Geography According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , all land. Demographics 2020 census 2000 census As of the census of 2010, there were 998 people living in the town. The population density was . There were 462 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 22.70% White, 72.14% African American, 1.03% Native American, 0.66% Asian, and 3.47% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.75% of the population. There were 432 households in the town, out of which 19.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.3% were married couples living together, 11.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.9% were non-families. 21.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 2.85. In the town, the population was spread out, with 18.9% under the age of 18, 6.2% from 18 to 24, 18.5% from 25 to 44, 33.9% from 45 to 64, and 22.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 49 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.0 males. The median income for a household in the town was $55,536, and the median income for a family was $60,163. Males had a median income of $37,000 versus $28,250 for females. The per capita income for the town was $25,300. About 4.7% of families and 5.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.1% of those under age 18 and 6.8% of those age 65 or over. References External links Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture - Forest Park Oklahoma City metropolitan area Towns in Oklahoma County, Oklahoma Towns in Oklahoma
Glabar Park is a neighbourhood in Bay Ward, in the west end of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It is bounded on the west by Woodroffe Avenue north by Carling Avenue, south by The Queensway and on the east by Maitland Avenue. The population at the 2011 census was about 2,806. Most of the neighbourhood was built in the 1950s. The first part of the neighbourhood was built in 1950 in the area around Hare Avenue (surrounding the eponymous Glabar Park) by the F. J. Shouldice Construction Company and sold by the Brownlee & McKeown Realtors. Further development in the neighbourhood was done by Teron Construction and subdivided by J. P. Chenier Ltd. In 1985 townhouses on Esterlawn Private were built which is off Fairlawn Avenue just behind Fairlawn Centre. Today a few houses on Carling Avenue have demolished and turned into low-rise apartments. The neighbourhood is home to D. Roy Kennedy Public School, St Paul's Presbyterian Church, and the Seventh-day Adventist Church of Ottawa. It is home to two parks, Kingsmere Park and Lorry Greenberg Park. Kingsmere Park is the park with more of a social setting, it features a large wading pool in the summer, and a double-sized hockey and skating rink in the winter. These amenities are provided by the City of Ottawa. Fairlawn Mall is on Carling Avenue across from Carlingwood. References Neighbourhoods in Ottawa
Radcliffe is a surname. Notable people with the name include: Alex Radcliffe (1905–1983), US baseball player Ann Radcliffe (1764–1823), English novelist Aubrey Radcliffe (1933–2009), US academic Bill Radcliffe (1917–1984), Manx teacher and Manx-Gaelic language advocate Charles Radcliffe (born 1941), English magazine editor Cyril Radcliffe, 1st Viscount Radcliffe (1899–1977), British lawyer Daniel Radcliffe (born 1989), English actor Egremont Radcliffe (died 1578), English rebel Eric Radcliffe, British recording engineer and music producer George Radcliffe (politician) (1593–1657), English politician George L. P. Radcliffe (1877–1974), US Senator from Maryland Jacob Radcliff (1764–1844), US politician John Radcliffe, disambiguation Mark Radcliffe, disambiguation Mary Radcliffe, disambiguation Melva Radcliffe (1901–2012), supercentenarian from in New Jersey Mike Radcliffe (born 1944), Canadian politician Paula Radcliffe (born 1973), English athlete Percy Radcliffe (1916–1991), Manx politician, member of the Legislative Council of the Isle of Man Richard Radcliffe (died 1660), English politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1656 Rip Radcliff (1906–1962), American baseball player Rosemary Radcliffe (born 1949), Canadian actress Ted Radcliffe (1902–2005), US baseball player Timothy Radcliffe (born 1945), former Master of the Order of Preachers (Dominicans) 1992–2001 References English-language surnames Surnames of Manx origin
Leiognathus equulus, the common ponyfish is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a ponyfish from the family Leiognathidae. It occurs in brackish and marine waters from East Africa to Fiji in the Indian and western Pacific Oceans, Red Sea and Persian Gulf. References External links Fishes of Australia : Leiognathus equulus equulus Bioluminescent fish Marine fish of East Africa Marine fish of Northern Australia common ponyfish Taxa named by Peter Forsskål
Kim Kyeong-Min (; born 1 November 1991) is a South Korean professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for K League 1 club Gwangju FC. Career Kim made several appearances for the South Korea U-20 and U-23 teams between 2009 and 2012. He made his professional club debut for Jeju United in a 1-0 victory over Ulsan Hyundai on 16 August 2014. He joined Busan IPark on loan on 18 January 2017. In 2021, season, he joined Seoul E-Land FC was nominated as a vice captain. In 2022, he was traded with Yoon Bo-sang and moved to Gwangju FC. Club career statistics As of 9 January 2022 References External links 1991 births Living people Men's association football goalkeepers South Korean men's footballers Busan IPark players Korea National League players K League 1 players People from Yeosu Footballers from South Jeolla Province Hanyang University alumni Jeju United FC players Seoul E-Land FC players Gwangju FC players K League 2 players K4 League players
SULK were an English psychedelic rock/shoegaze band based in London. History The group was formed in 2011 in London by Jon Sutcliffe (vocals), Tomas Kubowicz (lead guitar) and Andrew Needle (rhythm guitar). The line-up was later completed by Jakub Starzyński (bass guitar) and Bhairav Gupta (drums). The band's debut single, "Wishes", was recorded and produced by Suede, Pulp and White Lies collaborator Ed Buller at ICP Studios in Belgium. Released in August 2011 on Perfect Sound Forever, the single was mentioned in NMEs "Radar Tip Of The Day" by Matt Wilkinson, This Is Fake DIYs single review by Chelsea Cochrane and Killing Moon Limited's "Track Of The Day". The track was also played by Steve Lamacq on BBC Radio 6, Clint Boon on XFM and John Richards on KEXP. Their second single, "Back In Bloom", also produced by Ed Buller, was released in November 2011, again on Perfect Sound Forever. The song was featured in "The Barometer" by John Hall in The Independent and in The Fly by Harriet Gibsone. Huw Stephens at BBC Radio 1, Tom Robinson at BBC Radio 6 and John Richards at KEXP played the track on their shows. They were also mentioned as one of "15 Music Artists Ready for Their Close-Up in 2012" in The Huffington Post. The band played several shows in 2012 across the UK, including being the main support for The Dandy Warhols at the Manchester Academy 2. In summer 2012 Bhairav Gupta left the band and was replaced by Lewis Jones on drums. The group went back to the studio to continue to work on their debut album, which already had been recorded and produced by Ed Buller. This time they collaborated with Marc Waterman, who has previously worked with acts like Ride, Elastica and Swervedriver. The album was later mixed by Jonas Verwijnen and Antti Joas at Kaiku Studios in Berlin. In December 2012 the band announced that the album would be called Graceless on their Facebook page. The release date was set for 15 April 2013. Their third single, "Flowers", was released in April 2013 on Perfect Sound Forever. The song was featured on Soccer AM and in Wonderland Magazine as a free exclusive download. The video was premiered in Clash Magazine. Frank Skinner played the track on his show on Absolute Radio. The band's fourth single, "The Big Blue", was released in May 2013 on Perfect Sound Forever. The single was mentioned by Pitchfork and Time Out (magazine). The track was also played by Gary Crowley on BBC Radio London. In October 2013 the band announced that they would be supporting Happy Mondays on their "Bummed" 25th Anniversary Tour. In April 2014 the band began to work on their second album, which was expected to be released in 2015. The band released a new song in anticipation of their upcoming second album via Stereogum. "Black Infinity (Upside Down)" had its premiere on 18 September 2015. In December 2015 it was announced that the band's second album would be called "No Illusions" and would be released on 15 April 2016 - exactly three years after the release of their debut album, Graceless. Another song was released on 3 February 2016. Fred Perry Subculture premiered "The Tape Of You", saying "SULK have the songs and substance where it counts, and their second LP "No Illusions", will reportedly push their British indie-pop sound forward to win new ground." "No Illusions" was premiered on 11 April 2016 by Stereogum. The rest of the year was taken up by touring across Europe, which included shows in France, Spain, Switzerland, Italy and Germany but was marred by poor ticket sales. On 3 February 2018, SULK announced the release of a new single via their social media. The band has not released any new material or performed live since. Their label Perfect Sound Forever Records was dissolved on 1 February 2022. Discography Album Graceless (15 April 2013) No Illusions (15 April 2016) Singles Wishes (15 August 2011), Perfect Sound Forever Back In Bloom (21 November 2011), Perfect Sound Forever Flowers (1 April 2013), Perfect Sound Forever The Big Blue (20 May 2013), Perfect Sound Forever Black Infinity (Upside Down) (18 September 2015), Perfect Sound Forever The Tape Of You (3 February 2016), Perfect Sound Forever The Only Faith Is Love (11 April 2016), Perfect Sound Forever No Illusions (15 September 2016), Perfect Sound Forever References External links SULK official website SULK Facebook page Musical groups established in 2011 Musical groups from London English indie rock groups 2011 in London 2011 establishments in England
Verkhnyaya Uftyuga () is a rural locality (a village) and the administrative center of Verkhneuftyugskoye Rural Settlement of Krasnoborsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. The population was 319 as of 2010. There are 8 streets. Geography Verkhnyaya Uftyuga is located on the Severnaya Dvina River, 48 km east of Krasnoborsk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Andriyanovo is the nearest rural locality. References Rural localities in Krasnoborsky District
Reinaldo García Zapata is the current governor of Havana, in Cuba. Garcia Zapata was elected governor of the city/province of Havana on January 18, 2020. He previously held the title of President of the People's Power Provincial Assembly of Havana (mayor). García replaces Marta Hernández Romero, who left office in January 2020. References 1968 births Living people Politicians from Havana
Joseph V. Moreschi (1884 – March 11, 1970) was an Italian-born American labor union leader. Born in Italy, Moreschi emigrated to the United States with his parents in 1892. They settled in Chicago, and Moreschi later became a laborer. In 1912, he joined the International Hod Carriers, Building and Common Laborers of America. He held various posts in his local union, before in 1921 winning election as a vice-president of the international union. In 1926, Moreschi was elected as president of the union. Under his leadership, the union absorbed numerous smaller unions, and membership grew from 20,000 to 500,000. He introduced regional offices, a legal department, and a death benefit fund. In 1947, he launched a union newspaper, The Laborer, and became its editor. Moreschi retired in 1968, moving to Hot Springs, Arkansas, where he died two years later. References 1884 births 1970 deaths American trade union leaders Italian emigrants to the United States Laborers' International Union of North America people
An embassy chapel is a place of worship within a foreign mission. Historically they have sometimes acted as clandestine churches, tolerated by the authorities to operate discreetly. Since embassies are exempt from the host country's laws, a form of extraterritoriality, these chapels were able to provide services to prohibited and persecuted religious groups. For example, Catholic embassy chapels in Great Britain provided services while Catholicism was banned under the Penal Laws. A similar role was filled for Protestants by the Prussian embassy chapel in Rome, where Protestantism was unlawful until 1871. Upon laws granting freedom of religion, these embassy chapels have often become regularized churches and parishes, such as that of the Dutch embassy chapel to the Ottoman Empire, now The Union Church of Istanbul. History Early modern embassy staff, who commonly lived in the ambassadorial residence, were permitted to have in-house chapels and chaplains, especially where, in the wake of the Reformation, they lived in a country that banned their religious faith. These soon drew members of the same faith to join the worship services in the embassy. The Dutch Republic sponsored chapels in twelve of its embassies, which acted as churches for local Reformed Protestants. Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor sponsored chapels wherever he could, "that Catholic services might be held to comfort the Catholics of the area, and to promote the further growth of this religion." By the late eighteenth century, a new legal principle had come into being, extraterritoriality, according to which "the ambassador and the precincts of the embassy stood as if on the soil of his homeland, subject only to its laws." As religious freedom advanced with time, many of the embassy chapels lost their function as safe havens and were converted into churches proper or dismissed. Catholic embassies in London During the reign of Elizabeth I, Catholicism was gradually outlawed in England, and Catholic masses and worship were prohibited, particularly after the Oath of Supremacy of 1559. With the "Act to retain the Queen's Majesty's subjects in their obedience", passed in 1581, the celebration of Mass was prohibited under penalty of a fine of two hundred marks and imprisonment for one year for the celebrant, and a fine of one hundred marks and the same imprisonment for those who heard the Mass. The reign of Charles I (1625–49) saw a small revival of Catholicism in England, especially among the upper classes. As part of their royal marriage settlement, Charles's Catholic wife, Henrietta Maria, was permitted her own royal chapel (the Queen's Chapel in London, as well as a chapel at Somerset House) and chaplain. Ambassadors of Catholic nations sought to provide relief for persecuted English Catholics by protecting worship at their chapels with diplomatic immunity. The English government attempted unsuccessfully several times to dissuade such use of the Spanish and Portuguese embassies between 1563 and 1611. In 1610, James I asked foreign ambassadors not to allow English priests to celebrate at, or English Catholics to attend, their chapels, but only the Venetian ambassador complied. Starting in 1624, several arrests of English Catholics leaving these embassy chapels were made, which irritated the French ambassador, the Marquis of Blainville. On March 10, 1630, an order in council forbade Catholics to hear Mass at the embassies. The next Sunday, as reported by the Venetian ambassador, guards were placed in front of the French, Venetian and Spanish embassies, and Catholics were arrested as they left the premises; afterwards the Spanish ambassador, Don Carlos Coloma, unsuccessfully tried to obtain their release. Coloma diffused the issue by taking residence in the countryside, and demanding that the English government punish those who had violated his diplomatic immunity. Five years later, on April 12, 1635, the council directed Sir John Coke to inform the ambassadors that their diplomatic rights would not be infringed upon, but that penal laws against Catholics would be pursued. When a priest who had said Mass was captured and escaped to the house of the French ambassador Henri de Saint-Nectaire, where he was then recaptured, he was set free because of the right of extraterritoriality, and his pursuers were punished. Over time, enforcement of the law became lenient; Venetian ambassador Anzolo Corer wrote in 1636 that Mass at the chapel of the Queen and at the embassies was "frequented with freedom." In 1637, large crowds attended Mass daily at the Spanish embassy. In eighteenth-century London, there were chapels in the French, Spanish, Florentine, Venetian (in the Haymarket), Portuguese (originally in Golden Square, then in South Street, Grosvenor Square), Austrian (on Hanover Street), Neapolitan (in Soho Square), Bavarian (on Warwick Street) and Sardinian embassies. In London, the streets outside the houses and house chapels of the Spanish, French and Venetian embassies were the scenes of public protests, sometimes violent. The police sometimes attempted to detain British people who attended Catholic services in the embassy chapels. Embassy chapels led to diplomatic tension between the English government and the Catholic governments who operated the embassies between 1625 and 1660. In the eighteenth century, English subjects ceased to be harassed for attending services at the Sardinian embassy. On Easter Sunday 1772 James Boswell and Pasquale Paoli "worshipped together at the Sardinian Chapel." When Catholic worship became allowed in London in 1791 with the Roman Catholic Relief Act, the Bavarian, Sardinian and Spanish embassy churches were converted into churches, while the others (Venetian, Neapolitan, Imperial, French and Florentine) were dismissed. List In London Sardinian Embassy Chapel Spanish Embassy Chapel, now St James's, Spanish Place Royal Bavarian Chapel (Portuguese and then Bavarian embassy) French, Florentine, Neapolitan, Venetian, and Austrian embassies (non extant today) Russian Orthodox Chapel, former Russian Embassy in Welbeck Street St Etheldreda's Church British chapels abroad St George's chapel in the British Embassy in Madrid, today St George's Anglican Church Chapel and English Cemetery in the British Consulate in Málaga British Embassy Chapel in Paris Christ Church, Jerusalem, the seat of the Anglican Diocese of Jerusalem, located on the site of the British Consulate until World War 1 Other Prussian Embassy chapel in the Cottarelli Palace in Rome Prussian embassy chapel in Turin, which hosted the Waldensian community before it was legalized in 1848 The Union Church of Istanbul, which started as the Dutch embassy chapel in Istanbul Our Lady of Divine Providence Chapel, Kabul, the chapel of the Italian Embassy Chapel of the Transfiguration, Ashgabat (Apostolic nunciature in Turkmenistan) Dormition of the Most Holy Theotokos Church in Beijing (Russian Embassy) Orthodox church of Saint Catherine in Rome (Russian Embassy) Church of the Metamorphosis (Kottakis) (Russian embassy in Athens) Church of Saint Benoit, Istanbul and St Louis of the French chapels in Istanbul (French embassy) Spanish embassy chapel in Istanbul Orthodox chapel in the Russian embassy in Turin See also House church Clandestine church References Further reading Harting, Johanna H. History of the Sardinian Chapel, Lincoln's Inn Fields. London: R. & T. Washbourne, 1905. Kaplan, Benjamin J., Religious Conflict and the Practice of Toleration in Early Modern Europe, Harvard University Press, 2007 Trimble, William Raleigh. “The Embassy Chapel Question, 1625–1660.” The Journal of Modern History, vol. 18, no. 2, 1946, pp. 97–107. JSTOR, JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/1872115. Religious persecution Diplomatic immunity and protection
The Incoherents (Les Arts incohérents) was a short-lived French art movement founded by Parisian writer and publisher (1857–1935) in 1882, which in its satirical irreverence, anticipated many of the art techniques and attitudes later associated with the avant-garde and anti-art movements such as Dada. Lévy coined the phrase les arts incohérents as a play on the term les arts décoratifs (i.e. arts & crafts, but above all, a famous art school in Paris, the National School of Decorative Arts). The Incoherents presented work which was deliberately irrational and iconoclastic, used found objects, was nonsensical, included humoristic sketches, drawings by children, and drawings "made by people who don't know how to draw". Lévy exhibited an all-black painting by poet Paul Bilhaud called Combat de Nègres dans un Tunnel (Negroes Fight in a Tunnel). The early film animator Émile Cohl contributed photographs which would later be called surreal. Although a small and short-lived movement, the Incoherents were well-known. The group sprang from the same Montmartre cabaret culture that spawned the Hydropathes of Émile Goudeau and Alfred Jarry's Ubu Roi. The October 1882 show was attended by two thousand people, including Manet, Renoir, Camille Pissarro, and Richard Wagner. Beginning in 1883 there were annual shows, or masked balls, or both. In an 1883 show, the artist contributed Le rire, an "augmented" Mona Lisa smoking a pipe, that directly prefigures the famous Marcel Duchamp 1919 "appropriation" of the Mona Lisa, L.H.O.O.Q.. The movement wound down in the mid-1890s. History The Incoherents were born in the late nineteenth century, a period that was rich in scientific discoveries and social innovations. Cheeky and inventive, this time also marks a turning point in the field of art. The official art traditions were even being questioned in the newspapers through satirical images which implied it was a dying craft. It was in this creative lull that Jules Levy – former member of the literary club Hydropathes – decided to organize "an exhibition of drawings made by people who can not draw." This charitable carnival helped victims of a recent gas explosion to have an opportunity to present their works. The first "Incoherent arts" get-together, which took place on July 13, 1882, on the Champs Elysées hosts many curiosities. Taking advantage of a power outage, and lit only by candlelight, they created a jumble of rebellious works, using all types of materials and any inspiration with the ultimate goal of making people laugh. On October 2, 1882, Jules Lévy decided to repeat the experience at home. He gathered his friends under the pretense of having an "unusual evening". In his tiny apartment they worked under the phrase "Death to clichés, to us young people!" They received unexpected success and much newspaper coverage. As a result, the Incohérents arts movement became ingrained into the Parisian cultural landscape. In October 1883 the Paris had its first official exhibition of Incoherent art, ran by local Galerie Vivienne. The purpose was charitable as with all Incoherent exhibits thereafter. A regulation 13-point proclamation was that "All the works are allowed, the serious works and obscene excepted". The exhibition adopts a true catalog, including a piece by Levy Orville in which he reverses an inkwell for the sake of aesthetics. The tone of the exhibition was set by an abundance of parodies and pictorial puns. More than 20,000 visitors took part over a month. A year later, the Incoherents returned to haunt the Galerie Vivienne with their cheeky pranks. They hoped this occasion would see the image of the "Chief pipes Poyle sand without number, on a silver field," an ancient statue carving chisel of an academician who does not lead wide. A catalog accompanied the exhibition with luxury engraved reproductions of most of the significant works. On its cover, a dancer brandishes a broom and scares away the gloom of black birds. The journalists accompanied the event with enthusiasm. The artists were increasingly familiarizing themselves with the pictorial map and the pun, both of which helped to establish this kind of "Incoherent" art. In 1886 the Incoherents at the Eden Theatre unveiled their new exhibit. Jules Chéret's poster included Levy going through the moon like a paper hoop. At the entrance, the rules regarding the event were framed prominently: "One goal you propose, laugh and cheer you frankly." The room was also full of visitors that worked in high, medium or low relief. Everything was recorded in catalog records which are decorated with "striking" portraits of exhibitors and zany references. In 1886 Jules Levy began to be the target of criticism. He was accused of using the Incoherent Arts for its own interests. He had in fact opened a publishing house in 1886 and published the works of his friends (Goudeau, Leroy, Monselet, etc..), illustrated by artists such as Boutet, Somm or Gray. He lost the support of the satirical weekly magazine Le Courrier français who had declared him "the official unofficial Incoherent" in 1884. Meanwhile, others began taking advantage of the Incoherent movement by opening Incoherent cafés or magazines, that the founders of the movement had nothing to do with. In 1887 Jules Levy promised the end of Inconsistency would be on April 16 of that year. A costume party was organized for the occasion with a Folies Bergère funeral procession. However, Incoherence has a brief renaissance on March 27, 1889, at a new dance held at the Eden Theatre. Levy wanted this event to recall good memories of the Incoherent arts and to announce the return of his exhibitions. But in the spring of the 1889 exhibition he organized, while the Expo was in full swing in Paris, it was a fiasco. The press hardly covered the event, and even the Le Courrier français remained silent. The Incoherent arts had lost its novelty value. Jules Levy, refusing to give up, created the magazine Folies Bergère in January 1891. Poorly organized, not repeated, the show is considered too long and the ball too short. The last gasp of the inconsistency, his exhibition of 1893 had a brand new premise at Olympia, and passed almost unnoticed. Jules Blois of the French Mail wrote: "All that is outdated, outmoded. Inconsistency joined decadence, decay and other jokes with or without handles in the bag of old fashioned chiffes" Despite that, Levy still pulled on the Incoherent string until 1896 when it was met with massive indifference from the press. Discovery In 2017-2018, the French expert Johann Naldi found and identified seventeen works exhibited at the Incohérents, classified as National treasures on May 7, 2021 by the French Ministry of Culture. Among them, Paul Bilhaud's Combat de nègres pendant la nuit, the first exposed monochrome in the history of art, lost since 1882, and a proto-readymade by Alphonse Allais, Des souteneurs encore dans la force de l'âge et le ventre dans l'herbe boivent de l'absinthe (before 1897). On this occasion, a scientific book was published with the help of Professor Phillip Dennis Cate. See also Anti-art Alphonse Allais Found object References External links Arts Incoherents (in French) archive copy Parisian cabarets and the avant-garde, 1875-1905 Eugéne Bataille at French Wikipedia 1882 establishments in France French art movements Art movements French art
```shell #!/bin/bash set -xe arch=$1 source $(dirname "$0")/tc-tests-utils.sh mkdir -p ${TASKCLUSTER_ARTIFACTS} \|\| true cp ${DS_ROOT_TASK}/DeepSpeech/ds/tensorflow/bazel*.log ${TASKCLUSTER_ARTIFACTS}/ case $arch in "--x86_64") release_folder="Release-iphonesimulator" artifact_name="deepspeech_ios.framework.x86_64.tar.xz" ;; "--arm64") release_folder="Release-iphoneos" artifact_name="deepspeech_ios.framework.arm64.tar.xz" ;; esac ${TAR} -cf - \ -C ${DS_ROOT_TASK}/DeepSpeech/ds/native_client/swift/DerivedData/Build/Products/${release_folder}/ deepspeech_ios.framework \ \| ${XZ} > "${TASKCLUSTER_ARTIFACTS}/${artifact_name}" ```
Institute for Theoretical Physics may refer to: Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics, California Institute of Technology, U.S. William I. Fine Theoretical Physics Institute, University of Minnesota, U.S. Galileo Galilei Institute for Theoretical Physics, Florence, Italy Institute for Theoretical Physics, Copenhagen Institute for Theoretical Physics, Utrecht University, The Netherlands Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, U.S. Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics China, at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, Moscow, Russia Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stockholm, Sweden Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, California, U.S. C. N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stony Brook University, New York, U.S. Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Japan Zhejiang Institute of Modern Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China Bhaumik Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, U.S. See also Center for Theoretical Physics (disambiguation) Institute of Physics (disambiguation) ITP (disambiguation)
Tang-e Man (, also Romanized as Tang-e Mān; also known as Jamālābād) is a village in Tashan Rural District, Riz District, Jam County, Bushehr Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 694, in 144 families. References Populated places in Jam County
The 1991–92 Lebanese Premier League season was the 32nd season of the Lebanese Premier League, the top Lebanese professional league for association football clubs in the country, established in 1934. Ansar, the defending champions, won their fourth consecutive—and overall—Lebanese Premier League title. League table Group A Group B Relegation play-out \|} Championship play-off \|} External links RSSSF Leb 1991–92 in Lebanese football Lebanese Premier League seasons
Street Sultans is a Documentary about parkour in Iran. It is the first collaboration documentary film of Paliz Khoshdel and Zeinab Tabrizy Story There are several young people who were the pioneer of a dangerous street sport: Parkour. The sport is derived from modern cultural society. They are trying to hold a festival in Tehran. National awards Won “Special Award For The Best Film” from Iranian Critics and Writers Association, 2010 Won “Best Semi-Long Film” Award from Independent “Image of the Year” Festival, 2010 Won “Best Director” Award in Semi-Long Documentary section at “City” International Film Festival, 2011 Won “Best Semi-Long Documentary Film” Award from “Iranian Cinema Ceremony“ at Iranian House Of Cinema 2011. International awards and screening Won “Best Film” Award at Six Weeks of Iranian Art, Canadian Film Festival 2012 Earned “Certificate of Achievement” at Canada's 2nd Iranian Film Festival 2010 Film Screening at Online Women Filmmakers (of Iran) Uppsala Film Festival, Sweden 2012 Film Screening at DHfest film festival in Mexico city, 2014 Film Screening at Cinéma(s) D’Iran 2014 Film Screening at UCLA Celebration of Iranian Cinema, U.S.A 2013 Participated at Media Wave Film Festival, Hungary 2013 References Further reading Iranian documentary films Parkour Films set in Tehran Sport in Iran
Argiope florida, known generally as the Florida argiope or Florida garden spider, is a species of orb weaver in the spider family Araneidae. It is found in the United States. In fact, the habitat of Argiope florida is restricted to some areas in southeast United States. References External links florida Articles created by Qbugbot Spiders described in 1944
```go // // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style // license that can be found in the LICENSE file. package github import ( "context" "encoding/json" "fmt" ) // HookDelivery represents the data that is received from GitHub's Webhook Delivery API // // GitHub API docs: // - path_to_url#list-deliveries-for-a-repository-webhook // - path_to_url#get-a-delivery-for-a-repository-webhook type HookDelivery struct { ID int64 `json:"id,omitempty"` GUID string `json:"guid,omitempty"` DeliveredAt Timestamp `json:"delivered_at,omitempty"` Redelivery bool `json:"redelivery,omitempty"` Duration float64 `json:"duration,omitempty"` Status string `json:"status,omitempty"` StatusCode int `json:"status_code,omitempty"` Event string `json:"event,omitempty"` Action string `json:"action,omitempty"` InstallationID int64 `json:"installation_id,omitempty"` RepositoryID int64 `json:"repository_id,omitempty"` // Request is populated by GetHookDelivery. Request HookRequest `json:"request,omitempty"` // Response is populated by GetHookDelivery. Response HookResponse `json:"response,omitempty"` } func (d HookDelivery) String() string { return Stringify(d) } // HookRequest is a part of HookDelivery that contains // the HTTP headers and the JSON payload of the webhook request. type HookRequest struct { Headers map[string]string `json:"headers,omitempty"` RawPayload json.RawMessage `json:"payload,omitempty"` } func (r HookRequest) String() string { return Stringify(r) } // HookResponse is a part of HookDelivery that contains // the HTTP headers and the response body served by the webhook endpoint. type HookResponse struct { Headers map[string]string `json:"headers,omitempty"` RawPayload json.RawMessage `json:"payload,omitempty"` } func (r HookResponse) String() string { return Stringify(r) } // ListHookDeliveries lists webhook deliveries for a webhook configured in a repository. // // GitHub API docs: path_to_url#list-deliveries-for-a-repository-webhook // //meta:operation GET /repos/{owner}/{repo}/hooks/{hook_id}/deliveries func (s RepositoriesService) ListHookDeliveries(ctx context.Context, owner, repo string, id int64, opts ListCursorOptions) ([]HookDelivery, Response, error) { u := fmt.Sprintf("repos/%v/%v/hooks/%v/deliveries", owner, repo, id) u, err := addOptions(u, opts) if err != nil { return nil, nil, err } req, err := s.client.NewRequest("GET", u, nil) if err != nil { return nil, nil, err } deliveries := []HookDelivery{} resp, err := s.client.Do(ctx, req, &deliveries) if err != nil { return nil, resp, err } return deliveries, resp, nil } // GetHookDelivery returns a delivery for a webhook configured in a repository. // // GitHub API docs: path_to_url#get-a-delivery-for-a-repository-webhook // //meta:operation GET /repos/{owner}/{repo}/hooks/{hook_id}/deliveries/{delivery_id} func (s RepositoriesService) GetHookDelivery(ctx context.Context, owner, repo string, hookID, deliveryID int64) (HookDelivery, Response, error) { u := fmt.Sprintf("repos/%v/%v/hooks/%v/deliveries/%v", owner, repo, hookID, deliveryID) req, err := s.client.NewRequest("GET", u, nil) if err != nil { return nil, nil, err } h := new(HookDelivery) resp, err := s.client.Do(ctx, req, h) if err != nil { return nil, resp, err } return h, resp, nil } // RedeliverHookDelivery redelivers a delivery for a webhook configured in a repository. // // GitHub API docs: path_to_url#redeliver-a-delivery-for-a-repository-webhook // //meta:operation POST /repos/{owner}/{repo}/hooks/{hook_id}/deliveries/{delivery_id}/attempts func (s RepositoriesService) RedeliverHookDelivery(ctx context.Context, owner, repo string, hookID, deliveryID int64) (HookDelivery, Response, error) { u := fmt.Sprintf("repos/%v/%v/hooks/%v/deliveries/%v/attempts", owner, repo, hookID, deliveryID) req, err := s.client.NewRequest("POST", u, nil) if err != nil { return nil, nil, err } h := new(HookDelivery) resp, err := s.client.Do(ctx, req, h) if err != nil { return nil, resp, err } return h, resp, nil } // ParseRequestPayload parses the request payload. For recognized event types, // a value of the corresponding struct type will be returned. func (d *HookDelivery) ParseRequestPayload() (interface{}, error) { eType, ok := messageToTypeName[d.GetEvent()] if !ok { return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported event type %q", d.GetEvent()) } e := &Event{Type: &eType, RawPayload: d.Request.RawPayload} return e.ParsePayload() } ```
West Endicott Park Carousel is a historic carousel located at Endicott in Broome County, New York. The carousel was purchased about 1929. The carousel is housed in a wooden, one story, 16-sided, enclosed pavilion. The carousel has 36 figures: 34 horses, one pig and one dog, each of which is a "jumper," and two chariots. It was constructed by the Allan Herschell Company. It is one of six carousels donated to the citizens of Broome County by George F. Johnson (1857–1948), president of Endicott Johnson Corporation. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992. Other carousels located in the Greater Binghamton Region: C. Fred Johnson Park Carousel George F. Johnson Recreation Park Carousel George W. Johnson Park Carousel Highland Park Carousel Ross Park Carousel References External links Visiting information on the Broome County carousels Buildings and structures in Broome County, New York Carousels on the National Register of Historic Places in New York (state) Amusement rides introduced in 1929 Tourist attractions in Broome County, New York National Register of Historic Places in Broome County, New York

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