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50427238	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamilius%3A%20Hip%20Hop%20Culture%20in%20Luxembourg	Hamilius: Hip Hop Culture in Luxembourg	Hamilius: Hip Hop Culture in Luxembourg is a 2010 documentary film directed by Alain Tshinza and produced by Luxembourgish production company Antevita Films. This film premiered 18 March 2010 at the Utopolis in Luxembourg City. The film is entirely spoken in Luxembourgish and French, but English subtitles are shown. Synopsis In the 2010 documentary "Hamilius: Hip Hop Culture in Luxembourg" a production of Antevita Films. Produced by Raoul Nadalet and directed by Alain Tshinza, the movie showcases the growth of the culture through the 1980s, 1990s and 2000s in the small country of Luxembourg. Centered around the Four elements of hip hop (Breakdance, Graffiti, Rap and DJing) the movie follows local practitioners from the different generations and gives an in-depth view of a culture that is often associated with violence and juvenile delinquency. Named after the tunnel under the Émile Hamilius square at 'Le Centre Hamilius' the same name that is symbolic of the provincial state, which became a meeting point for dancers and members of the local hip-hop scene. The film offers an interesting angle on Luxembourgish culture and language through several generations of an art scene and movement which has seen its active members grow to positions as scholars, professors, entrepreneurs and journalists, coming from a space that is often swept under the rug. Cast See also Cinema of Luxembourg References External links (official website) of Hamilius: Hip Hop Culture in Luxembourg 2010 films 2010 documentary films Luxembourgian hip hop 2010s French-language films Luxembourgish-language films Documentary films about graffiti Luxembourgian documentary films Documentary films about the visual arts 2010s hip hop films Graffiti in Luxembourg Films set in Luxembourg 2010 multilingual films Luxembourgian multilingual films French-language Luxembourgian films
65535462	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electoral%20results%20for%20the%20Boronia%20Province	Electoral results for the Boronia Province	This is a list of electoral results for the Boronia Province in Victorian state elections. Members for Boronia Province Election results Elections in the 1980s Elections in the 1970s Two party preferred vote was estimated. Elections in the 1960s Two party preferred vote was estimated. References Victoria (state) state electoral results by district
4559844	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old%20Toronto	Old Toronto	Old Toronto is the part of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, that corresponds to the boundaries of the City of Toronto prior to 1998. It was incorporated as a city in 1834, after being known as the town of York, and being part of York County. Toronto periodically grew in size by annexing adjacent land and municipalities. In 1954, the City of Toronto and the surrounding suburban towns and townships of York County were joined in a federation known as the Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto (Metro). Later, the lower-tier city annexed two towns until it reached its final boundaries in 1967. In 1998, the municipalities of Metro Toronto were amalgamated into the present-day single-tier City of Toronto, which continues legally from the predecessor City of Toronto, although the by-laws of each municipality remained in force. Historically, "Old Toronto" referred to Toronto's boundaries before the Great Toronto Fire of 1904, when most urban development was to the east of Yonge Street. Since the 1998 amalgamation, however, the 1967–1998 area of the lower-tier city is referred to as "Old Toronto" or the "former city of Toronto". It is sometimes less accurately referred to as "downtown" (Downtown Toronto is located within Old Toronto) or as "the core". Old Toronto has a population density of approximately 8,210 residents per square kilometre, which would rank as Canada’s densest (North America's second-densest) city with a population over 100,000 if it were still a distinct city. History The former town of York was incorporated on March 6, 1834, reverting to the name Toronto to distinguish it from New York City, as well as about a dozen other localities named "York" in the province (including the county in which Toronto was situated), and to dissociate itself from the negative connotation of "dirty Little York", a common nickname for the town by its residents. The population was recorded in June 1834 at 9,252. In 1834, Toronto was incorporated with the boundaries of Bathurst Street to the west, 400 yards north of Lot (today's Queen) Street to the north, and Parliament Street to the east. Outside this formal boundary were the "liberties", land pre-destined to be used for new wards. These boundaries were today's Dufferin Street to the west, Bloor Street to the north, and the Don River to the east, with a section along the lakeshore east of the Don and south of today's Queen Street to the approximate location of today's Maclean Street. The liberties formally became part of the city in 1859 and the wards were remapped. William Lyon Mackenzie, a Reformer, was Toronto's first mayor, a position he only held for one year, losing to Tory Robert Baldwin Sullivan in 1835. Sullivan was replaced by Dr. Thomas David Morrison in 1836. Another Tory, George Gurnett, was elected in 1837. That year, Toronto was the site of the key events of the Upper Canada Rebellion. Mackenzie would eventually lead an assault on Montgomery's Tavern, beginning the Upper Canada Rebellion. The attacks were ineffectual, as British regulars and the Canadian militia in Toronto went out to the camp at Montgomery's Tavern and dispersed the rebels. Mackenzie and some other Reformers escaped to the United States, while other rebel leaders, such as Samuel Lount and Peter Matthews, were hanged. Toronto would thenceforth elect a succession of Tory or Conservative mayors—it was not until the 1850s that a Reform member would be mayor again. Shortly after the rebellion, Toronto was ravaged by its first great fire in 1849. The fire was one of two great fires to occur in the city, with the other occurring in 1904. In their efforts to control the city and its citizens, the Tories were willing to turn to extra-governmental tools of social control, such as the Orange Order in Canada. As historian Gregory Kealey concluded, "Following the delegitimation of Reform after the Rebellions were suppressed, the Corporation (of Toronto) developed into an impenetrable bastion of Orange-Tory strength." By 1844, six of Toronto's ten aldermen were Orangemen, and, over the rest of the 19th century, twenty of twenty-three mayors would be as well. A parliamentary committee reporting on the 1841 Orange Riot in Toronto concluded that the powers granted the Corporation made it ripe for Orange abuse. Orange influence dominated the emerging police force, giving it a "monopoly of legal violence, and the power to choose when to enforce the law." Orange Order violence at elections and other political meetings was a staple of the period. Between 1839 and 1866, the Orange Order was involved in 29 riots in Toronto, of which 16 had direct political inspiration. At its height in 1942, 16 of the 23 members of city council were members of the Orange Order. Every mayor of Toronto in the first half of the 20th century was an Orangeman. This continued until the 1954 election when the Jewish Nathan Phillips defeated radical Orange leader Leslie Howard Saunders. Annexations and amalgamations The boundaries of Toronto remained unchanged into the 1880s. Then followed a series of expansions lasting to the 1910s: Toronto expanded to the west by annexing the Town of Brockton in 1884, the Town of Parkdale in 1889, and properties west to Swansea (such as High Park) by 1893; to the north by annexing Yorkville in 1883, The Annex in 1887, Seaton Village in 1888, Rosedale in 1905, Deer Park in 1908, the City of West Toronto, Bracondale, and Wychwood Park in 1909, Dovercourt Park and Earlscourt in 1910, and Moore Park and North Toronto in 1912; and to the east by annexing Riverdale in 1884, a strip east of Greenwood in 1890, Town of East Toronto (including East Danforth and Upper Beaches) in 1908, an extension east to Victoria Park Avenue in 1909, and the Midway (bounded by Danforth Avenue in north, Greenwood Avenue to west, Queen Street to south and East Toronto western boundaries to the east) in 1909. By 1908, the named wards were abolished, replaced by a simple numbering scheme of Ward 1 to Ward 6. By the 1920s, Toronto stopped annexing suburbs. In 1954, the municipalities in York County south of Steeles Avenue were severed from the county to form the aforementioned Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto (a precursor to later regional municipalities), which included Toronto and numerous suburbs. Metropolitan Toronto operated as an upper-tier municipal government whereas Toronto continued to operate as a lower-tier government within Metropolitan Toronto. In 1967, provincial reform of lower-tier municipalities in Metropolitan Toronto saw Toronto annex the municipalities of Forest Hill and Swansea. The City of Toronto remained this size until 1998, when it was formally dissolved and its area amalgamated into the new single-tier City of Toronto. The new City of Toronto was formed from Old Toronto, the five other dissolved municipalities that made up Metropolitan Toronto, and that upper tier itself in 1997. Culture The first Crystal Palace in Toronto, officially named the Palace of Industry, was modelled after the Crystal Palace in Hyde Park, London, England, and was Toronto's first permanent exhibition hall. Completed in 1858, it was located south of the Provincial Lunatic Asylum, northwest of King and Shaw Streets. It was dismantled in 1878, and the ironwork was used to construct a new Crystal Palace on what would later become Exhibition Place. The second Crystal Palace hosted Toronto's first Industrial Exhibition (the predecessor to the Canadian National Exhibition or CNE) in 1879. By the time it was destroyed in 1906 by fire, it was officially known as the CNE Transportation Building. It was replaced by the Horticulture Building in 1907. Institutions Health care Old Toronto was home to a number of hospitals, including Bridgepoint Active Healthcare (originally named House of Refuge, see below), Casey House, Mount Sinai Hospital, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre (originally named Princess Margaret Hospital), St. Joseph's Health Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto Grace Health Centre, Toronto Western Hospital and Women's College Hospital. Two health care institutions were also established in 1998 by amalgamating previously separate hospitals: the Toronto Rehabilitation Institute and the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health. The Toronto General Hospital is the oldest operating hospital established in Toronto. It started as a small shed in the old town and was used as a military hospital during the War of 1812, after which it was founded as a permanent institution, York General Hospital, in 1829, at John and King Streets. In 1853–1856, a new home for the hospital was built on the north side of Gerrard Street, east of Parliament, using a design by architect William Hay, and relocated to University Avenue at College Street in 1913. The House of Providence on Power Street (between King and Queen Streets) was opened by the Sisters of St. Joseph in 1857 to aid the plight of the desperately poor. It was demolished in 1962 to make way for the Richmond Street exit from the Don Valley Parkway. By that time it was a nursing home, and its residents moved to a new facility at St. Clair and Warden Avenues, known today as Providence Healthcare. The House of Refuge was built in 1860 as a home for "vagrants, the dissolute, and for idiots". The building became a smallpox hospital during an epidemic during the 1870s. It was demolished in 1894, and a new structure called the Riverdale Isolation Hospital was built on the site in 1904, which evolved into the Rivderdale Hospital and later Bridgepoint Health. Public library Toronto has operated the Toronto Public Library system since 1884. Its collection originated from The Mechanics Institute, which was founded in 1830 by reform Alderman James Lesslie to provide technical and adult education. In 1853 the Institute erected a new permanent home at the corner of Church and Adelaide Streets, but it struggled to attract new paying members. In 1883 the Institute was thus transformed into a municipally supported public reference library. The idea was promoted by alderman John Hallam, but it met considerable resistance in city council. No other city in Canada at this time had a completely free public library. Hallam brought the initiative to a public referendum, and the citizens of Toronto voted in its favour on January 1, 1883. The 5,000-book collection of the Mechanics' Institute became the first books of the newly formed Toronto Public Library. As a result of the 1998 amalgamation of Toronto, the other municipal libraries of Metropolitan Toronto were merged with Toronto Public Library. It also merged with the Metro Toronto Public Library, which operated one branch, the Toronto Reference Library in Old Toronto. Education Four public school boards provide primary and secondary education for residents of Old Toronto, (CSCM), (CSV), the Toronto Catholic District School Board (TCDSB), and the Toronto District School Board (TDSB). CSV and TDSB are secular public school boards, operating respectively a French first language institution and English first language institutions. The other two school boards, CSCM and TCDSB, are public separate school boards, operating French first language separate schools and English first language separate schools. Before 1998, the Toronto Board of Education and had operated public secular schools while the Metropolitan Separate School Board () had operated public separate schools. These were reorganized upon the amalgamation into the City of Toronto. Old Toronto hosts Toronto Metropolitan University, University of Toronto's St. George Campus, OCAD University, George Brown College and several other post-secondary institutions. Politics Capital The first Upper Canada parliament buildings were built in 1796 at Front and Parliament Streets when the capital of the Province was moved from Niagara-on-the-Lake. These were destroyed in 1813 during an attack on the then-City of York during the War of 1812. A second building was constructed on the same site in 1820, only to be lost to fire in 1824. They were replaced by a new structure built between 1829 and 1832 near Front, John, Simcoe, and Wellington Streets, which saw alterations take place in 1849. With the unification of Upper and Lower Canada in 1840, the building continued to see sporadic periods of usage as the legislature of the Province of Canada until the capital was permanently moved to what is now Ottawa shortly before Confederation in 1867, which saw the formation of the modern-day province of Ontario (the same area as Upper Canada). Upon Confederation, Toronto was selected to be the provincial capital and thus the Front Street building returned to usage as the location of the provincial legislature until the current Legislative Buildings at Queen's Park were completed in 1893. The Front Street building remained vacant until it was demolished in 1903; the Canadian Broadcasting Centre now sits on the site. Chorley Park, located in the Rosedale neighbourhood, served as the official residence of the Lieutenant-Governor of Ontario from 1915 to 1937. The building was demolished in 1961 after it and the lands around it were purchased by the municipal government. Municipal politics City council In 1833, several prominent reformers had petitioned the House of Assembly to have the town incorporated, which would also have made the position of magistrate elective. The Tory-controlled House struggled to find a means of creating a legitimate electoral system that might nonetheless minimize the chances of reformers being elected. The bill passed on March 6, 1834, proposed two different property qualifications for voting. There was a higher qualification for the election of aldermen (who would also serve as magistrates) and a lower one for common councillors. Two aldermen and two councilmen would be elected from each city ward. This relatively broad electorate was offset by a much higher qualification for election to office, which essentially limited election to the wealthy, much like the old Courts of Quarter Sessions it replaced. The mayor was elected by the aldermen from among their number, and a clear barrier was erected between those of property who served as full magistrates and the rest. Only 230 of the city's 2,929 adult men met this stringent property qualification. City halls The second market building replaced the original wooden market building in 1831 and ran from King Street to Front Street (the site of the current St. Lawrence Hall, and the St. Lawrence Market North building). It was selected by the first mayor, William Lyon Mackenzie, as city hall. His newspaper, the Colonial Advocate, rented space in the rear. This building, along with much of the surrounding Market Block, was destroyed by fire in the 1849 Cathedral Fire. The site was rebuilt as St. Lawrence Hall in 1850. The second city hall, built in 1845 and renovated in 1850, was known as the New Market House. It served as city hall until 1899. In 1904, the current St. Lawrence Market South building was built, incorporating part of the city hall structure. Toronto third city hall began construction in 1889, and was completed a decade later, in 1899. Old City Hall was also used as a court house (assuming the role of the closed Adelaide Street Court House, closed in 1900), and continues to be used as a dedicated court house. The third city hall was used by the Toronto City Council from 1899 to 1965, when they moved to the completed fourth Toronto City Hall. Ward system The earliest Toronto neighbourhoods were the five municipal wards that the city was split into in 1834. The wards were named for the patron saints of the four nations of the British Isles (St. George, St. Andrew, St. Patrick, and St. David) and St. Lawrence, a patron saint of Canada (St. Joseph is the principal patron saint of Canada). Today, only St. Lawrence remains a well-known neighbourhood name. The others have attached their names to a variety of still-existing landmarks, including three subway stations. As Toronto grew, more wards were created, still named after prominent saints. St. James Ward is preserved in the modern St. James Town neighbourhood, while the northern ward of St. Paul's has continued to the present as a federal and provincial electoral district. Demographics The population of Old Toronto was 797,642 at the 2016 census, living on a land area of . According to the 2001 census, the population was: 70% Caucasian 10% Chinese 5% African-Canadian 5% South Asian 3% Filipino 2% Latin American 2% Southeast Asian 1% Korean 2% Other See also Downtown Toronto References Bibliography Notes External links City of Toronto Populated places established in 1834 Populated places disestablished in 1998 Metropolitan Toronto Former cities in Ontario Former municipalities in Toronto Neighbourhoods in Toronto History of Toronto 1834 establishments in Canada 1998 disestablishments in Ontario
71823585	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1997%20Pontiac%20Excitement%20400	1997 Pontiac Excitement 400	The 1997 Pontiac Excitement 400 was the third stock car race of the 1997 NASCAR Winston Cup Series and the 32nd iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, March 2, 1997, in Richmond, Virginia, at Richmond International Raceway, a 0.75 miles (1.21 km) D-shaped oval. The race took the scheduled 400 laps to complete. In a controversial victory, Penske Racing South driver Rusty Wallace would manage to hold off the field on the final restart with three to go, scoring his 47th career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his only victory of the season. To fill out the top three, Geoff Bodine Racing driver Geoff Bodine and Robert Yates Racing driver Dale Jarrett would finish second and third, respectively. In post-race technical inspection, Wallace's engine was found to had failed to "meet compression ratio specifications" according to NASCAR technical inspector Kevin Triplett. At the time, the engine compression ratio was 14:1. On Monday, March 3, NASCAR would run another test. The official test results came to 14.001:1, which while slightly over, was within the guidelines and would allow Wallace to keep his victory. Background Richmond International Raceway (RIR) is a 3/4-mile (1.2 km), D-shaped, asphalt race track located just outside Richmond, Virginia in Henrico County. It hosts the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series and Xfinity Series. Known as "America's premier short track", it formerly hosted a NASCAR Camping World Truck Series race, an IndyCar Series race, and two USAC sprint car races. Entry list (R) denotes rookie driver. Qualifying Qualifying was originally scheduled to be held on Friday, February 28. However, due to rain, qualifying was cancelled. In 1997, NASCAR rules mandated that the top 33 spots were based on the 1996 owner's points, since the race was in the first four races of the season. The final 10 spots were based on postmarks on the official entry list. As a result, Terry Labonte, driving for Hendrick Motorsports, would win the pole. Three drivers would fail to qualify: Billy Standridge, Greg Sacks, and Mike Wallace. Full starting lineup Race results References 1997 NASCAR Winston Cup Series NASCAR races at Richmond Raceway March 1997 sports events in the United States 1997 in sports in Virginia
10216175	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%27s%20Institute%20of%20Science%20%26%20Humanities	Women's Institute of Science & Humanities	Women's Institute of Science and Humanities (WISH) is an institute of higher learning for women in H-8, Islamabad, Pakistan. History Established in 2003 in the city of Islamabad, it caters to students from Pakistan and abroad. WISH is affiliated with Riphah International University. The idea of an institution of higher learning for women was conceived in the mid-1990s. The capital to construct the campus came from Muslims living in North America and Europe. of land was acquired in Islamabad and the first building was ready for occupancy by 2002. WISH opened its doors for admission in autumn 2003. During its first year of operation, it offered admissions to women in the fields of education, computer science and Islamic studies. Since then departments and programs have been added. A number of educationists have been affiliated with the institution from its inception. These include Prof. Tayyeb Gulzar Khan (president), Dr. Anis Ahmad (vice chancellor of Riphah International University), Dr. Inamur Rahman (founder and professor emeritus of PIEAS), Prof. Kazi Zulkader Siddiqui (first head of the Department of Islamic Studies at WISH), Dr. Khalid Alavi (scholar of Islamic Studies), Dr. Ilyas Ahmad (educationist), Dr. M.A. Qazi (director) and Dr. Zahid Hussain (head of the Department of Science Education), Dr. Mustafeez Alvi (Head of the Department of Islamic Studies). Programs WISH offers bachelor's and master's degree programs in the following disciplines: Education (science and arts) Basic sciences Computer science Commerce Business administration Islamic studies Languages and literature Arts and the humanities Student facilities Library The library provides research facilities to the students, housing 10,000 hardbound volumes, 90,000 volumes in digital format, over 18,000 full text journals, nearly 10 million articles and 6 million reference resources. Language Laboratory WISH has a language laboratory to facilitate learning of English and other languages. Computer laboratories and internet All students have access to computer laboratory facilities. Girls who are in Social Sciences. Internet access is provided to the students. Hostels WISH has a dormitory to house over 100 women. It has a dining facility. The students living on-campus have a shop to buy articles of daily need. An automated self-help laundry facility is available. Sports and extracurricular activities The institute provides facilities for games and co-curricular activities. The students participate in inter-departmental games and competitions organized by the Riphah International University and other civic agencies in the city of Islamabad. Students also participate in debates, declamation contests, quizzes and seminars organized by the institute or student bodies. Financial assistance WISH offers financial assistance to nearly 40% of the women who are studying at the institution. This assistance is offered on the basis of need and merit. Student activities Student government To maintain discipline and facilitate students to solve their problems, WISH has a system of student proctors. The hierarchy comprises class representatives, proctors from each department, and a senior proctor. The chief proctor is normally a senior teacher. Intellectual forum An intellectual forum has been established to organize intellectual activities for WISH students, teachers and people from other walks of life. Scholar and educationist Dr. Khalid Alavi is its president. Some of the key speakers invited to sessions of the forum included Farhat Mazari (former political advisor to the prime minister), Muhammad Khan Minhas, Dr. Omer Bajwa from USA, Dr. Zafar Ishaq Ansari (director general of the Islamic Research Institute, IIUI), Sohail Umer (director Iqbal Academy Lahore), and Dr. Anis Ahmad (vice chancellor, Riphah International University). External links http://wish.edu.pk/ Universities and colleges in Islamabad Women's universities and colleges in Pakistan Educational institutions established in 2003 2003 establishments in Pakistan
1930507	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcel%20Boussac	Marcel Boussac	Marcel Boussac (17 April 1889 – 21 March 1980) was a French entrepreneur best known for his ownership of the Maison Dior and one of the most successful thoroughbred race horse breeding farms in European history. Born in Châteauroux, Indre, France, Boussac made a fortune in textile manufacturing. In 1911 he acquired the Château de Mivoisin, a 36 square kilometre property located 1½ hours south of Paris in Dammarie-sur-Loing, Loiret. In 1941, Boussac was made a member of the National Council of Vichy France. In 1946, he financed Christian Dior's new Paris fashion house that became one of the most famous clothing and perfume marques. In 1951 Boussac expanded into the newspaper business with the acquisition of L'Aurore. An avid horseman, Marcel Boussac acquired the Haras de Fresnay-le-Buffard horse breeding farm in Neuvy-au-Houlme in Lower Normandy and the Haras de Jardy in Marnes-la-Coquette. As part of his breeding operation, Boussac bought and sold horses from across Europe plus from the United States. He acquired the U.S. Triple Crown winner Whirlaway and sold the mare La Troienne to Edward R. Bradley's Idle Hour Stock Farm in Lexington, Kentucky who became one of the most influential mares to be imported into the U.S. in the 20th century. Boussac's horses, carrying Boussac's signature orange silk and grey cap, dominated French horse racing from the 1930s through to the 1960s making his stable the leading money winner fourteen times and the leading breeder on seventeen occasions. In addition to being a six-time winner of France's most important race, the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe, Boussac's horses also won the prestigious Epsom Derby, Epsom Oaks, 2,000 Guineas, St. Leger Stakes, Ascot Gold Cup and others in the United Kingdom. With the Fall of France in the Second World War, Boussac paid a British Royal Air Force officer on secret business to fly him from Paris to the UK. This caused the officer Sidney Cotton to be removed from his position. During the German occupation of France in World War II, the Nazis seized some of the best racehorses in the country. They shipped more than six hundred of them out of the country, some to Hungary but most back to Germany for racing or for breeding at the German National Stud. Among them was the champion Pharis, owned by Marcel Boussac. He was married for many years to the Belgian opera singer Fanny Heldy. They are buried together in the Cimetière de Montmartre in the Montmartre Quarter of Paris. On his passing in 1980, Boussac's estate was liquidated and L'Aurore sold to Robert Hersant who merged it with his Le Figaro newspaper. The property itself would eventually be acquired by Stavros Niarchos. The Aga Khan IV had purchased the bulk of the Boussac farm's breeding stock in 1978 when Boussac's companies were declared bankrupt. In his honor, the Prix Marcel Boussac, a Group One Stakes Race, is run annually at the Longchamp Racecourse. References Profile of Marcel Boussac at Thoroughbred Heritage Biography of Marcel Boussac at France Galop 1889 births 1980 deaths People from Châteauroux Sportspeople from Indre Members of the National Council of Vichy France French businesspeople in fashion French racehorse owners and breeders 20th-century French newspaper publishers (people) French male writers 20th-century French male writers Owners of Epsom Derby winners Owners of Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe winners Burials at Montmartre Cemetery
19274387	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Davenport%20Lyons	Davenport Lyons	Davenport Lyons was a London-based law firm that entered into administration on 25 April 2014. Although most of their work concerned corporate acquisitions, in 2007 their actions against file sharers became news in the United Kingdom. This subject became widely publicised in late 2008 because of the number of innocent people receiving letters from the firm, it was reported on Watchdog that Atari stopped using this firm for this reason. They were incorporated in 2001 and in 2008 listed 16 associates and 41 partners. Prior to their entry into file-sharing related intellectual property litigation, they were best known for their involvement in the case of a London tailor near Savile Row. Notable case Robin Shaw was named Lawyer of the Week by The Times in September for having acted for HarperCollins in the case brought by the BBC to prevent the publication of the autobiography of Ben Collins, the mystery driver known as the Stig in Top Gear, the BBC TV series. The High Court refused to grant the injunction and the book, The Man in the White Suit, has now been published. Complaints and investigations Davenport Lyons had been accused of trying to extort money from people for alleged copyright infringement. The law firm had accused up to 25,000 people of downloading material such as computer games, music and even pornography that the computer users allegedly know nothing about. This has led to a barrage of complaints against the law firm and investigations by organisations such as Which?. Solicitors Regulation Authority In 2008 an official complaint was made by the Consumers' Association to the Solicitors Regulation Authority (SRA) about Davenport-Lyons' "campaign of letters alleging illegal filesharing". The case against Davenport Lyons partners David Gore and Brian Miller was the subject of a 7-day hearing at the Solicitors Disciplinary Tribunal (SDT), starting 31 May 2011. On 8 June 2011, the SDT found that all allegations against the pair had been proven. They were fined £20,000 each, ordered to pay interim costs of £150,000, and suspended from practising for three months. The SRA said: Solicitors have a duty to act with integrity, independence and in the best interests of their clients. Solicitors who breach those duties can expect to face action by the SRA. Groups against Davenport Lyons In response to Davenport Lyons' initial campaign against suspected file sharers, the pressure group 'Being Threatened' was created, to enable those wrongly accused to take action. They offer the same support and advice to people now being targeted in a similar manner by law firm ACS:Law. British technology news site The Register reported that some staff transferred from Davenport Lyons to ACS:Law to continue the work. Administration Davenport Lyons entered into administration on 25 April 2014. It will be acquired by Mayfair-based law firm Gordon Dadds. Notes Defunct companies based in London Law firms established in 2001 Law firms of the United Kingdom Defunct law firms of the United Kingdom 2001 establishments in the United Kingdom Law firms disestablished in 2014 2014 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
73194577	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mech-Mind%20Robotics	Mech-Mind Robotics	Mech-Mind Robotics (short for Mech-Mind Robotics Technologies Ltd.), simply as Mech-Mind, is an AI+3D robotics company founded by Tianlan Shao in 2016. The company focuses on industrial 3D cameras and software suites for robotic applications. Its main products include Mech-Eye series, Mech-Vision, Mech-DLK, and Mech-Viz, which can be used in the logistics, automotive, home appliance, and steel industries. Mech-Mind's products are designed to manage industrial automation applications, including machine tending, bin picking, depalletizing, assembly and more. After its inception, it was funded by IDG Capital and Intel Capital. In June 2021, the company was included in a Frost & Sullivan analysis on advanced manufacturing. History Established in 2016, Mech-Mind made its first public debut at the 2017 Hannover Messe. In 2019, it was backed by Intel Capital. The company completed a Series C round of financing in 2021, with investors including IDG Capital, among others. In March 2022, Mech-Mind participated in the MODEX Show in Atlanta. By the end of April of the same year, it had established operations in Germany, Japan, and the United States. References Industrial robotics companies Technology companies established in 2016 Manufacturing companies established in 2016
49641978	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dic%C8%9Bionar%20enciclopedic%20rom%C3%A2n	Dicționar enciclopedic român	The Dicționar enciclopedic român is a Romanian encyclopedia published by Editura Politica between 1962 and 1966. It contained many specialized articles as well as biographical articles on topics in Romanian and universal culture. Overview The Dicționar enciclopedic român was developed under the auspices of the Academy of the People's Republic of Romania (later the academy of the Socialist Republic of Romania, after the name change in 1965.) Volumes one and two were published under the title Dicționar enciclopedic romîn in conformity with the Romanian orthographic regulations of 1953. Content The encyclopedia had a total of approximately 3,700 pages and 46,000 words. There were about 6000 illustrations and over 200 charts and maps. Contributors There were more than 400 individual authors working on this project, divided into 21 teams: agriculture and forestry; art; biology, botany and zoology; chemistry; law; economics; logic, philosophy, the history of religion and atheism; physics; geography and geology; medieval history, modern history, and contemporary history; history of the labour movement; ancient history and archaeology; linguistics; romanian literature; world literature; mathematics and astronomy; human medicine, biochemistry, pharmacology and physical culture; military affairs; psychology and pedagogy; Scientific socialism and press; technology. The main editorial Committee was composed of the following individuals: President: Acad Athanase Joja Principle coordinator: Prof. univ. Dimitrie Macrea, MC al Academiei RPR Members: Prof. univ. George Bărănescu, MC al Academiei RPR, Acad. Mihai Beniuc, Acad. Elie Carafoli, Acad. Șerban Cioculescu, Prof. univ. Florin Ciorăscu, MC al Academiei RPR, Acad. Constantin Daicoviciu, Acad. Virgil Ianovici, Acad. Traian Ionașcu, Acad. Gheorghe Ionescu-Sisești, Acad. Iorgu Iordan, Conf. Univ. George Ivașcu, Acad. Vasile Malinschi, Acad. Cornel Micloși, Acad. Ștefan Milcu, Acad. Grigore Moisil, Acad. Ilie Murgulescu, Acad. George Oprescu, Acad. Andrei Oțetea, Acad. Emil Pop, Acad. Călin Popovici, Acad. Mihai Ralea, Acad. Remus Răduleț, Prof. univ. ing. Valter Roman, Acad. Alexandru Roșca, General de armată Iacob Teclu, Acad. Șerban Țițeica, Acad. Nicolaie Teodorescu, Gheorghe Vasilichi, Acad. Tudor Vianu. Bibliography Academia Republicii Popular Române, Dicționar enciclopedic român, Editura Politică, București, 1962-1966 Romanian encyclopedias 1962 non-fiction books 20th-century encyclopedias
65173869	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocca%20d%27Orcia	Rocca d'Orcia	Rocca d'Orcia is a village in Tuscany, central Italy, administratively a frazione of the comune of Castiglione d'Orcia, province of Siena. At the time of the 2001 census its population was 47. Rocca d'Orcia is about 43 km from Siena and 1 km from Castiglione d'Orcia. References Frazioni of Castiglione d'Orcia
32037329	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nick%20Johnson%20%28ice%20hockey%2C%20born%201986%29	Nick Johnson (ice hockey, born 1986)	Nick Johnson (born August 25, 1986) is an American professional ice hockey forward who is currently an unrestricted free agent who most recently played with the South Carolina Stingrays of the ECHL. Playing career Undrafted out of Sacred Heart University, he first played professionally with HC Plzeň in the Czech Extraliga during the 2010–11 Czech Extraliga season. After his third season with Plzeň in 2012–13 and helping the franchise to its first championship, Johnson left as a free agent and signed a one-year contract in the German DEL, with newcomers, the Schwenninger Wild Wings on August 12, 2013. After spending the first seven seasons of his professional career abroad in the Czech Republic and Germany, Johnson returned to North America as a free agent to sign a one-year ECHL contract with the South Carolina Stingrays on August 4, 2017. Johnson began the 2017–18 season on the Stingrays top offensive line and recorded 6 goals and 10 points in 16 games before opting for a mutual release from his contract on January 23, 2018. Awards and honors References External links 1986 births American men's ice hockey forwards HC Dynamo Pardubice players HC Plzeň players Ice hockey players from Connecticut Living people People from Windsor, Connecticut Sacred Heart Pioneers men's ice hockey players Schwenninger Wild Wings players South Carolina Stingrays players Grizzlys Wolfsburg players AHCA Division I men's ice hockey All-Americans American expatriate ice hockey players in the Czech Republic American expatriate ice hockey players in Germany
44248112	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micromeria%20cristata	Micromeria cristata	Micromeria cristata is a species of flowering plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae. It has been found on dry rocky cliffs above Korita in Albania and on rocky limestone slopes at Lake Ohrid, North Macedonia. The plant flowers mid-June to early July, and fruits from July to August. References cristata
40864262	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hasanabad%2C%20Sumay-ye%20Beradust	Hasanabad, Sumay-ye Beradust	Hasanabad (, also Romanized as Ḩasanābād; also known as Ḩasanābād-e ‘Olyā) is a village in Sumay-ye Shomali Rural District, Sumay-ye Beradust District, Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 372, in 61 families. References Populated places in Urmia County
15271684	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver%20Marach	Oliver Marach	Oliver Marach (born 16 July 1980) is an inactive Austrian professional tennis player who primarily specialises in doubles. He achieved his highest singles ranking of world No. 82 in August 2005, but achieved most of his success in doubles where he reached his career-high doubles ranking of world No. 2 on 28 May 2018. Marach won his first Grand Slam title at the 2018 Australian Open, partnering Mate Pavić, and the pair also finished runners-up at the 2017 Wimbledon Championships and 2018 French Open. He and Pavić were the 2018 ATP Doubles Team of the year. In mixed doubles, he has reached three Grand Slam semifinals. He has represented Austria in the Davis Cup since 2003, and also played at the 2016 Olympic Games alongside Alexander Peya. In 2021, in the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, he partnered with Philipp Oswald. Significant finals Grand Slam tournament finals Doubles: 3 (1 title, 2 runners-up) Masters 1000 finals Doubles: 1 (1 runner-up) ATP career finals Doubles: 53 (23 titles, 30 runners-up) Performance timelines Singles Doubles Current through the 2021 Davis Cup Finals. References External links 1980 births Living people Austrian male tennis players Sportspeople from Graz Sportspeople from Panama City Tennis players at the 2016 Summer Olympics Olympic tennis players for Austria Australian Open (tennis) champions Grand Slam (tennis) champions in men's doubles Tennis players at the 2020 Summer Olympics
24067924	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNS%20Institute%20of%20Technology	RNS Institute of Technology	RNS Institute of Technology is a private engineering college and is located in Bangalore, India. The college is soon to be autonomous and is affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University. It is approved by AICTE, accredited by NBA and NAAC with 'A+' grade, i.e, a score of 3.1/7 (3.3 or above - A++). Rama Nagappa Shetty Institute of Technology (RNSIT) established in the year 2001, is the brain-child of the Group Chairman, Dr. R. N. Shetty. See also List of colleges affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University References Engineering colleges in Bangalore All India Council for Technical Education Affiliates of Visvesvaraya Technological University
72664179	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabella%20of%20Sicily	Isabella of Sicily	Isabella of Sicily may refer to one of the following Sicilian royal consorts: Isabella II of Jerusalem (1212–1228), consort of Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor (Frederick I, King of Sicily) Isabella of England (1214–1241), consort of Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor (Frederick I, King of Sicily) Isabella of Castile, Queen of Aragon (1283–1328), consort of James II, King of Aragon (James I, King of Sicily) Isabella I of Castile (1451–1504), consort of Ferdinand II, King of Aragon (Ferdinand II, King of Sicily) Isabella of Portugal (1503–1539), consort of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (Charles II, King of Sicily) See also Isabella of Aragon (disambiguation)
1837923	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loop%20interchange	Loop interchange	In compiler theory, loop interchange is the process of exchanging the order of two iteration variables used by a nested loop. The variable used in the inner loop switches to the outer loop, and vice versa. It is often done to ensure that the elements of a multi-dimensional array are accessed in the order in which they are present in memory, improving locality of reference. For example, in the code fragment: for i from 0 to 10 for j from 0 to 20 a[i,j] = i + j loop interchange would result in: for j from 0 to 20 for i from 0 to 10 a[i,j] = i + j On occasion, such a transformation may create opportunities to further optimize, such as automatic vectorization of the array assignments. The utility of loop interchange The major purpose of loop interchange is to take advantage of the CPU cache when accessing array elements. When a processor accesses an array element for the first time, it will retrieve an entire block of data from memory to cache. That block is likely to have many more consecutive elements after the first one, so on the next array element access, it will be brought directly from cache (which is faster than getting it from slow main memory). Cache misses occur if the contiguously accessed array elements within the loop come from a different cache block, and loop interchange can help prevent this. The effectiveness of loop interchange depends on and must be considered in light of the cache model used by the underlying hardware and the array model used by the compiler. In C programming language, array elements in the same row are stored consecutively in memory (a[1,1], a[1,2], a[1,3]) ‒ in row-major order. On the other hand, FORTRAN programs store array elements from the same column together (a[1,1], a[2,1], a[3,1]), using column-major. Thus the order of two iteration variables in the first example is suitable for a C program while the second example is better for FORTRAN. Optimizing compilers can detect the improper ordering by programmers and interchange the order to achieve better cache performance. Caveat Loop interchange may lead to worse performance because cache performance is only part of the story. Take the following example: do i = 1, 10000 do j = 1, 1000 a[i] = a[i] + b[j,i] * c[i] end do end do Loop interchange on this example can improve the cache performance of accessing b(j,i), but it will ruin the reuse of a(i) and c(i) in the inner loop, as it introduces two extra loads (for a(i) and for c(i)) and one extra store (for a(i)) during each iteration. As a result, the overall performance may be degraded after loop interchange. Safety It is not always safe to exchange the iteration variables due to dependencies between statements for the order in which they must execute. To determine whether a compiler can safely interchange loops, dependence analysis is required. See also Loop splitting Loop skewing Loop fission and fusion Loop unrolling References Further reading Compiler optimizations Articles with example code
55629013	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20World%20%28Hobart%29	The World (Hobart)	The World was a newspaper published in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. It was created by the amalgamation of Daily Post (Hobart) and The Clipper. The World was published 1 July 1918 (Vol. 1, no. 1) to 31 May 1925 (Vol. 9, no. 4). The publisher was Labor Papers Limited. The World newspaper has been digitised and is freely available at Trove. References External links Newspapers in Hobart, Tasmania Defunct newspapers published in Tasmania 1918 establishments in Australia 1925 disestablishments in Australia Newspapers on Trove Publications disestablished in 1925 Newspapers established in 1918
71135581	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Class%20action%20waiver	Class action waiver	A class action waiver is a provision found in some contracts which prohibits a party from filing a class action legal proceeding against the other party, or both parties waiving the right to file class actions against each other. These clauses are most often found, and most often upheld, in the United States and agreements with American citizens. Class action waivers may be found on a standalone basis, though they are more commonly found as part of an arbitration clause, and when paired with such clauses, frequently include jury trial waivers. All three clauses are the subject to controversy and wide legal debate, with supporters claiming the tools are strong risk management tools and the expense that class action litigation presents both in regard to time and money, though advocacy groups argue that these clauses reduce the rights of consumers and employees and prevent companies from being held accountable for grievances such as wage and hour violations. Class action waivers legality across countries and administrative decisions range in legality between jurisdictions, with some countries and provinces like France and Canadian province of Ontario banning such clauses, while the United States Supreme Court ruling in Epic Systems Corp. v. Lewis that such clauses are enforceable. Contractual language Most class action waiver clauses include this wording or a variation of it: Legal status by country Many countries have not tested a class action waiver in courts, though the international law firm CMS predicts that these clauses are unconscionable or unenforceable in Germany, Italy, Russia, and in England and Wales. Australia Class action waivers remained untested in Australia until December 2021, where the Federal Court of Australia found it was an unfair contract term. In Karpik v Carnival plc, the court found that Australian Consumer Law in section 23 (which already bans standard form contracts) prohibits class action waivers. Canada Class action waivers lack a uniform policy across Canada, as the Supreme Court of Canada has found that provincial legislation governs disputes. Nationally, though, in Seidel v. TELUS Communications, the court found that because a class action waiver was attached to an invalid arbitration agreement, the class action waiver was void. On the provincial level, Ontario, per the Consumer Protection Act of 2002, has banned class action waivers. A court of appeals in British Columbia also found that class action waivers were unenforceable and unconscionable in Pearce v. 4 Pillars Consulting Group due to the contract in question being a standard form contract written by 4 Pillars and giving little bargaining power to Pearce. France Under Article L. 623-32 of the French Consumer Code, as well as Article L. 1143-21 of the French Public Health Code, France considers class action waivers "abusive" and illegal within the country. India Class action waivers have not been tested in Indian courts, though Order 1 Rule 8 of the Code of Civil Procedure allows for consumers, with court permission, to initiate class action lawsuits, which the Indian law firm Shardul Amarchand Mangaldas & Co notes can be problematic for the enforceability of class action waivers. United States The Supreme Court of the United States has found on multiple occasions that class action waivers are legal. In AT&T Mobility LLC v. Concepcion, the high court ruled that class action waivers are legal under the Federal Arbitration Act as they significantly impact what the court saw as Congress's pro-arbitration stance on arbitration. The court reiterated its stance in Epic Systems Corp. v. Lewis. In Epic, Justice Neil Gorsuch authored a majority opinion which outlined that the US Congress, upon legislating the National Labor Relations Act of 1935, likely did not wish "to confer a right to class or collective actions in [Section 7 of the NLRA], since those procedures were hardly known when the NLRA was adopted in 1935". Justice Clarence Thomas concurred in a separate opinion, writing that the illegality of the class action waiver is a public policy defense, referring to McMullen v. Hoffman. Class action waivers, however, are not enforceable in cases of sexual assault or sexual harassment; the 117th Congress passed and President Joe Biden signed the Ending Forced Arbitration of Sexual Assault and Sexual Harassment Act in 2022 which additionally prohibited the enforcement of class action waivers. As of 2023, the bipartisan law has been used by employees of companies, most notably Rivian, to sidestep class action waivers. Prior to Epic and AT&T, New York and California have attempted to ban class action waivers, and in the case of California, use such laws to additionally invalidate arbitration agreements or allow judges to refuse to enforce class action waivers in certain circumstances. National lawmakers have also pushed to pass the proposed Forced Arbitration Injustice Repeal Act, which would ban the enforcement of both arbitration clauses and class action waivers in many cases today seen by some as unfair or anti-consumer. U.S. States Individual U.S. states have also made rulings which as of recent made steps towards banning class action waivers. Most recently in 2023, one of New Jersey's appellate courts ruled that class action waivers which are not tied to an arbitration clause under the Federal Arbitration Act are unenforceable. See also Arbitration clause Forced Arbitration Injustice Repeal Act References Contract law legal terminology Contract law Class action lawsuits
41150136	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%20Aidan%27s%20College%2C%20Birkenhead	St Aidan's College, Birkenhead	St Aidan’s College was a Church of England theological college in Birkenhead, Cheshire, England, open from 1847 to 1970. History The college was founded in 1846 by Revd Dr Joseph Baylee, vicar of Birkenhead, with the approval of John Bird Sumner, Bishop of Chester. Initially a Parochial Assistance Association, it had taken on the name of a college by 1847. From 1847 it was housed in five rented houses in Cambridge Terrace on Slatey Road, Prenton. In 1856, it was formally inaugurated as a theological college with 63 students. Its purpose was to train Anglican clergy to serve in the Church of England, in particular in the rapidly expanding cities and towns of Merseyside. New buildings at Shrewsbury Road, Birkenhead, were designed by Henry Cole and inaugurated in November 1856. The college closed in 1868, with the departure of its founder Dr Baylee. It re-opened in 1869 under a new council, who appointed as principal William Saumarez Smith, who, like Baylee, had strong evangelical credentials. From 1876 the college was associated with Durham University, and its students were allowed to take the university's Licence in Theology. A new chapel opened in 1882. In 1891, Edwin Elmer Harding, vice-principal of Lichfield Theological College, was appointed principal. Unlike previous principals, he was not of an evangelical persuasion, and brought with him other staff from high-church foundations such as Lichfield and Keble College, Oxford. The practices of the newly-appointed staff caused increasing concern from the council, and in 1900 Harding returned to Lichfield as principal, and was replaced with evangelical Arthur Tait, who appointed Guy Warman as his vice-principal as his vice-principal. Warman succeeded Tait as principal in 1907, before going on to become Bishop of Truro, Chelmsford and Manchester. In 1904, the college became affiliated to the newly-founded University of Liverpool, while its connection to Durham University was strengthened with the founding of St John's Hall in 1910. A new dining hall was added to the college in 1912. In the late 1960s, the college suffered from a decline in numbers of students. Various plans were suggested to allow the college to merge with another college, including the Northern Congregational College in Manchester - perhaps the reason why St Aidan's in 1967 gained recognition from the University of Manchester. However, none of these plans came to fruition, and the college closed in summer 1969. Its buildings were auctioned, and demolished to allow the erection of a housing estate. The name has been continued at St Mellitus North West; and its archives are located at the University of Liverpool. Notable staff Ronald Williams, tutor: later Principal of St John's College, Durham and Bishop of Leicester Principals 1856–1868 Joseph Baylee 1869–1890 William Saumarez Smith 1890- Rev J T Kingsmill BD 1890–1900 Edwin Elmer Harding 1900–1907 Arthur Tait 1907–1916 Guy Warman 1922 Rev R. T. Howard 1959–1963 Michael Murray Hennell 1964- Canon Arthur G Widess Alumni Notable alumni include: Robert Atherton, poet John Foster, Dean of St John's Cathedral, Hong Kong Raphael Morgan, Eastern Orthodox Priest-Apostolic to America Stephen Moulsdale, first principal of St Chad's College, Durham Ishaq Musaad, Bishop of Egypt Herbert Parry, Archdeacon of Lindsey Snow Pendleton, priest in Uruguay and Italy Fred Pickering, Archdeacon of Hampstead Francis Pocock, the founder of Monkton Combe School Arthur Herbert Procter, recipient of the Victoria Cross Leonard Sharland, missionary to the Dinka people John Steele, cricketer and Chaplain to the Forces Percy Stevens, missionary and Bishop of Kwangsi-Hunan Notes Educational institutions established in 1846 Anglican seminaries and theological colleges Former theological colleges in England Education in Birkenhead 1846 establishments in England Alumni of St Aidans College Birkenhead
46976010	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vice%20Principals	Vice Principals	Vice Principals is an American dark comedy television series starring Danny McBride, Walton Goggins, Kimberly Hébert Gregory, Dale Dickey, Georgia King, Sheaun McKinney, Busy Philipps and Shea Whigham. The co-creators were Danny McBride and Jody Hill. The series was ordered by HBO in May 2014 with an 18-episode pickup, and the series was split into two seasons for a designed finite run. The series began to shoot in 2015 and wrapped in mid-2016, and premiered on July 17, 2016. The second and final season premiered on September 17, 2017, and concluded on November 12, 2017. Synopsis Vice Principals focuses on ill-tempered, dogmatic, and disliked vice principal of North Jackson High School, Neal Gamby (Danny McBride), and his ambitions of being promoted to the principal's chair when the principal is due to step down. However, when the current principal (Bill Murray) retires, he reveals that he trusts neither Gamby nor his scheming and seemingly sociopathic co-vice principal Lee Russell (Walton Goggins), and so has recommended neither of them as his successor; instead, outsider Dr. Belinda Brown (Kimberly Hébert Gregory) is hired. When Gamby's attempt to get the school faculty to veto the appointment backfires (as Brown quickly makes a positive impression on the staff with her goal-oriented agenda and amicability with students), he conspires with Russell to find some way of ruining Brown's reputation and installing himself as principal. The show chronicles the schemers' gradual self-destruction as their own biases and unlikable personalities increasingly alienate Brown and the rest of their co-workers. Cast Main Danny McBride as Neal Gamby, the divorced, self-important, authoritarian vice principal in charge of discipline at North Jackson High. Walton Goggins as Lee Russell, vice principal of curriculum at North Jackson High, a conniving politician who enters into an unholy alliance with Gamby. Kimberly Hébert Gregory as Dr. Belinda Brown, North Jackson High's "confident and powerful" school principal. (season 1, season 2 recurring) Georgia King as Amanda Snodgrass, the idealistic new English teacher at North Jackson High. Sheaun McKinney as Dayshawn, a cafeteria worker who Gamby frequently confides in. Busy Philipps as Gale Liptrapp, Neal's ex-wife and Ray Liptrapp's new bride. Shea Whigham as Ray Liptrapp, the new husband of Gamby's ex, and frequent target of his hostility — despite being a genuine and supportive guy. Dale Dickey as Nash (season 2), the new Vice Principal then Principal of NJHS. Recurring Maya G. Love as Janelle Gamby, Neal and Gale's daughter, of whom Gale has primary custody. Edi Patterson as Jen Abbott, a Civics teacher at North Jackson High with a one-sided crush on Gamby. Ashley Spillers as Janice Swift, the new secretary for North Jackson High. Susan Park as Christine Russell, Lee's wife. June Kyoto Lu as Mi Cha, Lee's mother-in-law. Mike O'Gorman as Bill Hayden, a history teacher at North Jackson High. Madelyn Cline as Taylor Watts (season 1), Spirit Captain at North Jackson High. James M. Connor as Martin Seychelles, a drama teacher at North Jackson High Robin Bartlett as Octavia LeBlanc, an English teacher at North Jackson High Brian Howe as Jeremy Haas (season 1), Superintendent of the school district. RJ Cyler as Luke Brown, Brown's older son. Jennifer Gatti as Mrs. Deets Brian Tyree Henry as Dascious Brown (season 1), Belinda Brown's estranged husband. Marcius Harris as Officer Terrence Willows (season 2), the school security guard. Alexandra McVicker as Robin Shandrell (season 2), a delinquent student who Gamby expelled from North Jackson prior to the beginning of the series. Fisher Stevens as Brian Biehn (season 2), Amanda's new boyfriend, a successful novelist and lecturer. Christopher Thornton as Mr. Milner (season 2), a science teacher and amateur cartoonist at North Jackson. Episodes Season 1 (2016) Season 2 (2017) Production On June 15, 2015, the Charleston City Paper reported Vice Principals filming in the North Charleston, South Carolina neighborhood of Park Circle. The newspaper added that comic actors Will Ferrell and Bill Murray would make cameo appearances in the series. Scenes that take place in the school were shot on the campus of R. B. Stall High School and also filmed on campus of West Ashley High School. Music The score was composed by Joseph Stephens. The soundtrack was released by Waxwork Records in 2019 on a double LP pressed to 180 gram vinyl. The release included liner notes by McBride and Stephens. Reception Vice Principals received positive reviews from critics in season 1 and reviews for season 2 in general highly praised the show. On Rotten Tomatoes, season 1 has a rating of 64%, based on 39 reviews, with an average rating of 6.48/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Vice Principals is sporadically amusing and benefits from its talented stars, but its mean-spirited humor sometimes misses the mark." On Metacritic, the season has a score of 56 out of 100, based on 31 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". Season 2 has a 100% rating on Rotten Tomatoes with an average rating of 7.0 out of 10 based on 10 reviews. Accolades Home media The complete first season of Vice Principals was released on DVD and Blu-ray by HBO Home Entertainment (which is distributed through Warner Home Video) on February 7, 2017. The complete series was released on DVD by HBO Home Entertainment on April 10, 2018. References External links MTV on Danny McBride and Vice Principals USA Today on HBO Comedy and Vice Principals Vice Principals 2010s American high school television series 2010s American black comedy television series 2010s American single-camera sitcoms 2010s American workplace comedy television series 2016 American television series debuts 2017 American television series endings English-language television shows HBO original programming Television shows set in South Carolina Television series created by Danny McBride
34374721	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor%20station%20%28Idaho%29	Victor station (Idaho)	The Victor Railroad Depot is a two-story building located in Victor, Idaho which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995. It is in plan. It was built originally with its first floor providing a large freight room, a baggage room, and a ticket office, and with its second floor providing crew layover quarters. It was expanded to the south in 1928 to add a large waiting room, dressing rooms, and restrooms. It served as a combination freight and passenger station. See also List of National Historic Landmarks in Idaho National Register of Historic Places listings in Teton County, Idaho References 1913 establishments in Idaho Buildings and structures in Teton County, Idaho Former railway stations in Idaho National Register of Historic Places in Teton County, Idaho Railway stations in the United States opened in 1913 Railway stations on the National Register of Historic Places in Idaho
26347495	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duarte%20L%C3%B4bo%20da%20Gama	Duarte Lôbo da Gama	Duarte Lôbo da Gama was the first captain-general of Portuguese Cape Verde, from 7 August 1587 to 25 March 1591. Bibliography História de Portugal - Dicionário de Personalidades (vol. XV) References Colonial heads of Cape Verde 16th-century births Portuguese colonial governors and administrators 16th-century Portuguese people Year of death unknown
26239663	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulpia%20gens	Ulpia gens	The gens Ulpia was a Roman family that rose to prominence during the first century AD. The gens is best known from the emperor Marcus Ulpius Trajanus, who reigned from AD 98 to 117. The Thirtieth Legion took its name, Ulpia, in his honor. The city of Serdica, modern day Sofia, was renamed as Ulpia Serdica. Origin The Ulpii were from Umbria. Little is known of them except that they were connected with a family of the Aelii from Picenum. The name Ulpius may be derived from an Umbrian cognate of the Latin word lupus, meaning "wolf"; perhaps related to vulpes, Latin for "fox". The most illustrious members of this gens were the Ulpii Trajani, whom according to a biographer of Trajan, came from the city of Tuder, in southern Umbria; there is evidence of a family of this name there. Members of this family were colonists of Italica in Roman Spain, where Trajan was born. They were related to a family of the Aelii, which had evidently come from Atria; Trajan's aunt was the grandmother of Hadrian, who was likewise born at Italica. Members Ulpii Trajani Marcus Ulpius Trajanus, father of the emperor Trajan, was consul suffectus in AD 72. Ulpia, perhaps the same person as Ulpia M. f. Plotina recorded in Pompeii, was the aunt of Trajan. She married Aelius Hadrianus Marullinus, and was the grandmother of the emperor Hadrian. Marcus Ulpius M. f. Trajanus, consul in AD 91; he was subsequently adopted by the emperor Nerva, and was himself emperor from AD 98 to 117. Ulpia M. f. Marciana, the sister of Trajan, married Gaius Salonius Matidius Patruinus. Ulpii Marcelli Ulpius Marcellus, a jurist during the reigns of Antoninus Pius and Marcus Aurelius. Ulpius Marcellus, perhaps a son of the jurist, governor of Britannia during the reign of Commodus. Ulpius Marcellus, probably the same person as the governor of Britannia, although uncertainties of chronology have led some scholars to believe he had a son of the same name. Others Ulpia Plotina, the wife of Titus Calestrius Ampliatus. (Not the same woman as the one recorded in Pompeii.) Marcus Ulpius Leurus, a native of Hypata, was consul suffectus during the later second century. Marcus Ulpius Primianus, prefect of Egypt from AD 195 to 196. Ulpius Julianus, praetorian prefect under the emperor Macrinus, was sent to put down the rebellion of Elagabalus, but was slain by his own troops in AD 218. Ulpia Gordiana, mother of the emperor Gordian I, according to the Augustan History. Marcus Ulpius Eubiotus Leurus, son of the consul Leurus, was consul suffectus in an uncertain year around AD 230. Marcus Ulpius M. f. Flavius Tisamenus, elder son of the consul Eubiotus Leurus. Marcus Ulpius M. f. Pupienus Maximus, younger son of the consul Eubiotus Leurus. Ulpius Crinitus, according to Vopiscus, a successful general in the time of Valerian, who claimed to be a descendant of the house of Trajan. He adopted Lucius Domitius Aurelianus, the future emperor Aurelian, alongside whom he was appointed consul suffectus in AD 257. Modern historians suspect that he was an invention of the author, but if he existed, he may have been the father of the empress Ulpia Severina. Gaius Ulpius Cornelius Laelianus, one of the "Thirty Tyrants", he rebelled against Postumus and proclaimed himself emperor in AD 269, during the reign of Gallienus, but was slain at Moguntiacum about two months later. Ulpia Severina, the wife of Aurelian, and Roman empress from AD 271 to 275. Marcus Ulpius Pupienus Silvanus, a senator mentioned in an inscription from Surrentum in Campania, dating between the late third and mid-fourth century; from his name perhaps a descendant of the consul Marcus Ulpius Leurus. See also List of Roman gentes Notes References Bibliography Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus (Pliny the Younger), Panegyricus Trajani (Panegyric on Trajan). Lucius Cassius Dio Cocceianus (Cassius Dio), Roman History. Herodianus, History of the Empire from the Death of Marcus. Aelius Lampridius, Aelius Spartianus, Flavius Vopiscus, Julius Capitolinus, Trebellius Pollio, and Vulcatius Gallicanus, Historia Augusta (Augustan History). Eutropius, Breviarium Historiae Romanae (Abridgement of the History of Rome). Sextus Aurelius Victor, De Caesaribus (On the Caesars), Epitome de Caesaribus (attributed). Louis-Sébastien Le Nain de Tillemont, Histoire des Empereurs et des Autres Princes qui ont Régné Durant les Six Premiers Siècles de l’Église (History of the Emperors and Other Princes who Ruled During the First Six Centuries of the Church), Chez Rollin Fils, Paris (1690-1697, 1701, 1738). Joseph Hilarius Eckhel, Doctrina Numorum Veterum (The Study of Ancient Coins, 1792–1798). Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, ed., Little, Brown and Company, Boston (1849). James H. Oliver, "The Sacred Gerusia", in Hesperia Supplements, No. 6 (1941). Ronald Syme, Tacitus, Clarendon Press, Oxford (1958). Paul A. Gallivan, "The Fasti for A.D. 70–96", in Classical Quarterly, vol. 31, pp. 186–220 (1981). Paul M. M. Leunissen, Konsuln und Konsulare in der Zeit von Commodus bis Severus Alexander, J.C. Gieben, Amsterdam (1989). Julian Bennett, Trajan: Optimus Princeps, Routledge, (1997). Daniël den Hengst, Emperors and Historiography: Collected Essays on the Literature of the Roman Empire by Daniël den Hengst, Brill, Leiden (2010). Roman gentes
1706459	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludovic%20Giuly	Ludovic Giuly	Ludovic Vincent Giuly (born 10 July 1976) is a French former professional footballer who played as a winger. Giuly represented France at international level, gaining 17 caps over a five-year period and was a member of their 2003 FIFA Confederations Cup-winning squad. One of his greatest moments was being part of Barcelona's squad, as he helped the team win the UEFA Champions League in 2005–06. Since June 2022, he’s been the assistant manager of Lyon. Club career Early life Giuly was immersed in the world of football from an early age since his father, Dominique Giuly, born in the village of Zalana, in Corsica, was a former goalkeeper, who played briefly in professional football for Bastia before continuing an amateur career until the age of 32 with several clubs in the suburbs of Lyon. Ludovic Giuly made his debut in the club in which his father was then active: the ASCMO, now known as Monts d'Or Azergues Foot, in the city of Chasselay, located about twenty kilometers from Lyon. He then entered the training center of Olympique Lyonnais. In 1994, he won the Coupe Gambardella with their U18 team. Lyon Giuly began his career with Lyon in 1994 at age 18, and made his debut for the club in a Division 1 match on 21 January 1995 against Cannes; a 3–1 win. The following season, Giuly earned the nickname "the magic elf", referring to his low height (1.64 metres) and his vivacious character. In the 1996–97 season, Giuly finished the season with 16 goals in 37 matches. During the 1997–98 season, he played 19 matches with Lyon and scored one goal. He made his last appearance for Lyon on 10 January 1998 in a 1–0 loss against Marseille, where he played 90 minutes. AS Monaco Giuly was signed by Monaco in the winter break in January 1998. The transfer fee was €7.5 million (£6.6 million), although the fee was then assessed at 42 million francs, which was a considerable sum at that time. Just ten days after playing for Lyon against Marseille, Giuly made his Monaco debut against them in a 1–1 draw on 20 January 1998. Giuly scored his first goal for Monaco in a 5–2 win over Bordeaux in May 1998, on the final day of Ligue 1. In his first half-season with Monaco, he made a total of 12 appearances, scoring once. In the 1999–2000 season, Giuly proved to be a key member in the Monaco squad on its right side, as he led his team to the Ligue 1 title for the first time since 1997. The next season turned out to be a troublesome campaign, after Monaco finished in 11th place in the league. Giuly scored 7 goals in 30 appearances. In the 2001–02 season, Giuly started strongly with two goals against Paris Saint-Germain and Lens respectively, before he suffered ruptured ligaments in his right knee which kept him sidelined for almost the entire season and spoiled his chances of playing in the 2002 FIFA World Cup. The 2002–03 season was decisive for Giuly. He made his return from injury in a match against Troyes in a 4–0 win on 3 August 2003. In the 2003 Coupe de la Ligue Final between Monaco and Sochaux, Giuly captained the side and scored a brace in a 4–1 win to win the Coupe de la Ligue for the first time in the club's history. His good performance at Monaco led him being selected in the FIFA Confederations Cup which France won. At the start of the 2003–04 season – Giuly's last with Monaco – he scored a superb overhead kick during a league match against Lens with an assist from Jérôme Rothen, having suffered an injury that kept him out for a week prior to the game. While the club floundered in the race for the Ligue 1 title, they had a fantastic run in the UEFA Champions League progressing through the group stage (where Giuly scored goals at home to AEK Athens and Deportivo de La Coruña) and making it through to the knockout stage. Here, Monaco eliminated Lokomotiv Moscow, Real Madrid (in which he scored a brace in the second leg) and Chelsea. Giuly captained Monaco in the final, where they lost 3–0 to José Mourinho's Porto. This was a particularly galling defeat for Giuly because he suffered a groin injury early in the match, forcing him to leave the field in the 23rd minute, being replaced by Dado Pršo. Without Giuly, the club's task of winning the final was even more compromised. Even manager Didier Deschamps admitted that losing Giuly was a "big blow" and said, "Giuly's injury was not good news for us – he is a very important player for us on the offensive side." This was Giuly's last appearance for Monaco. Barcelona Barcelona paid about €7 million to Monaco in order to sign Giuly on 28 June 2004, with Giuly signing a three-year contract. On 29 August 2004, Giuly scored on his Barcelona debut against Racing de Santander in a 2–0 win and played 90 minutes. On his move, Giuly was happy after enjoying a successful start to life in Spain. Giuly helped Barcelona to win La Liga in the 2004–05 season, ending a six-year championship drought. He was the second top scorer for the club with 11 goals. Although his season was disrupted by several muscle injuries, Giuly was able to fulfil his promise to reach double digits in goals in his first year at his new club. In 2005–06, he helped win the Spanish title again, as well as capture the second UEFA Champions League trophy for the Catalan club. Giuly propelled Barça into the Champions League final by scoring the only goal in their semi-final against Milan. After the match, Giuly said he had called on his teammates to keep calm and finish the job: "Ronnie passed me the perfect ball. I attempted a shot from the left, the ball went in, so much the better! Now we've got one foot in the final, we have to remain cool and work hard to try and go all the way." Giuly played the full 90 minutes in Paris as Barcelona came from a goal behind to defeat Arsenal 2–1 at the Stade de France. Giuly subsequently scored, but the goal was ruled out due to the foul resulting Jens Lehmann sending off (making him the first player and only goalkeeper to ever be sent off in a Champions League/European Cup final). FIFA president Sepp Blatter later said he believed Giuly's goal should have stood. In the 2006–07 season, Giuly, although still a key member of the Barça squad, eventually lost his starting spot in the team, when Lionel Messi was promoted from the club's youth ranks. This resulted in Giuly saying his farewell to Barcelona. Roma On 17 July 2007, Giuly signed for Roma on a three-year deal after the club paid a £2.2 million transfer fee to Barça. A month later, Giuly won his first trophy with his new club, winning the Supercoppa Italiana against Internazionale (0–1). On 26 August 2007, he made his Serie A debut for Roma in a 2–0 win over Palermo. The next match, on 2 September, Giuly scored his first goal in a 3–0 win over Siena. In the UEFA Champions League group stage, Giuly scored and provided assist for Mirko Vučinić in a 4–1 win over Ukrainian side Dynamo Kyiv on 27 November. In the second leg of the round of 16 in the Coppa Italia, he also scored and provided two assists for Mancini and Roma fan favourite Francesco Totti in a 4–0 win over Torino on 16 January 2008. However, Giuly's only season at Roma had him scoring more than many starting players which made him in the top five scorers at the club for the season he spent at Stadio Olimpico. Paris Saint-Germain Desiring to return to France for more playing time, Giuly was coveted by Monaco, Marseille and Lyon, but on 18 July 2008, he signed with Paris Saint-Germain on a three-year contract, with PSG paying a reported €2.5 million transfer fee to Roma. On 9 August 2008, he made his PSG debut against former club Monaco in a 1–0 loss. After an early season goal drought, marked by injury, he scored his first goal for PSG during their 1–0 win over Lille on 10 November. He scored his second goal against Le Havre and lead the team to a victory against Lyon, scoring a header against his first club. He scored his first brace of the season on 7 February 2009 against Nantes. In his first season at the club, PSG had moderate success in Ligue 1, finishing in sixth place and narrowly missing out on European play due to inferior goal difference. In his second season (2009–10), PSG's league form was much worse and they finished in 13th place. He scored the first goal for the Parisian team against Montpellier (1–1) on the first day of the championship and scored again in their second fixture against Le Mans, as well as in their fifth fixture, against Lyon. That season, PSG won the Coupe de France, defeating his former team Monaco in the final. In his third and final season (2010–11), Giuly began by scoring in play-off round of the UEFA Europa League, away at Maccabi Tel Aviv. In Ligue 1, PSG pushed up in the league table, especially after the arrival of winger Nenê, who had transferred in the summer of 2010. On 27 October 2010, Giuly scored against Lyon in Coupe de la Ligue, allowing PSG to win the match 2–1. Giuly scored four goals in the league that season, against Montpellier, Brest, Sochaux and Nice, and also made eight assists. On 29 June 2011, Giuly's contract with PSG was not renewed upon expiry. Return to Monaco Giuly spent the summer of 2011 training with his former club Monaco. On 9 August 2011, he signed a two-year contract with the club, then playing in Ligue 2. His move back to Monaco was a surprise to the Monegasque supporters, though the club's goal was to return to Ligue 1 within the year. He got back the number 8 shirt he wore during his first spell at the club. A negotiated reconversion within the club was included in the contract. In his first match, the club lost 1–2 against Stade de Reims. On 29 August 2011, Guily scored his first goal in over seven years at Monaco in a 2–2 draw against Lens. On 14 January 2012, Giuly scored his second goal in a 1–0 win over Istres. On 13 April, he scored his third goal in a 2–0 win over Metz. Upon his return, he established himself in the starting eleven throughout the season. Ahead of the 2012–13 season, Giuly found himself being frozen out of the first team by newly appointed manager Claudio Ranieri and lost the captaincy to Andreas Wolf. On 27 July 2012, Giuly left Monaco by mutual consent after just one year. In a friendly match against Tours, the club hosted a ceremony in his honour. Giuly said, "Monaco has allowed me to express the best years my life as a footballer. I want to thank the leaders for the conditions in which I ended my adventure with the ASMFC." Lorient On 31 July 2012, Giuly signed for Lorient on a one-year contract on a free transfer. Giuly made his debut, coming on as a substitute for Yann Jouffre, in a 2–1 win over Montpellier and two weeks later, on 1 September 2012, Giuly scored his first goal for the club, in a 3–0 win over Nancy. Then, four months later, in the second round of Coupe de France, Giuly scored his last career goal, in a 1–0 win over Sedan. Towards the end of the season, on 11 May 2013, Giuly announced his retirement. Giuly ended his professional career on 26 May 2013 in a home match against his former club Paris Saint-Germain, in the final round of the season. Giuly left the pitch in the 72nd minute to standing ovations, and was even awarded a shirt with his old number by the visitors. His last appearance was also his 401st appearance in Ligue 1. Monts d'Or Azergues Foot Following his retirement, Giuly joined Monts d'Or Azergues Foot, a fourth-tier team based near Lyon; the team is a successor to Chasselay, where he started his career. On 4 January 2014, he inspired his team to a penalty shootout win over Ligue 2 side Istres in the Coupe de France. International career Giuly has been capped for France, but was removed from his country's UEFA Euro 2004 squad due to a leg injury he sustained in the 2004 Champions League final. Giuly was not selected for the French 2006 FIFA World Cup squad, as young Marseille playmaker Franck Ribéry was selected over him. However, with Djibril Cissé having broken his leg in a World Cup warm-up match against China, Giuly could have been called up, but he asserted after the initial France squad was announced that he would go on holiday to Dubai and Kish instead of waiting idly in the stand-by squad, and Sidney Govou was called up instead. Despite this, France head coach Raymond Domenech opened a door for Giuly whether he want to play for the national team. Giuly also qualified for the non-FIFA affiliated team of Corsica, having been called up for their 31 May 2011 friendly with Bulgaria. Personal life On 15 May 2007, Giuly's autobiography "Giuly by Giuly" was published by Hugo & Co. In the autobiography, Giuly settles accounts with former France coach Raymond Domenech, including revelations about his alleged affair with Domenech's partner Estelle Denis. From September 2006 to March 2007, Giuly worked as a columnist each Thursday in Luis Attaque on Radio Monte Carlo (RMC). In 2010, he incorporated Ultimate Player, a service company for professional footballers. The company employs 40 people. Giuly tested positive for the H1N1 (Swine flu) virus in October 2009 along with two PSG teammates, Jérémy Clément and Mamadou Sakho. This led to the league postponing Marseille's match with Paris St Germain. In January 2013, Monts d'Or Azergues Foot named their home stadium after Giuly as the Stade Ludovic Giuly. Career statistics Club Source: International Source: Appearances and goals by national team and year International goals Source: Honours Lyon UEFA Intertoto Cup: 1997 Monaco Division 1: 1999–2000 Coupe de la Ligue: 2002–03 Trophée des Champions: 2000 UEFA Champions League runner-up: 2003–04 Barcelona La Liga: 2004–05, 2005–06 Supercopa de España: 2005, 2006 UEFA Champions League: 2005–06 Roma Coppa Italia: 2007–08 Supercoppa Italiana: 2007 Paris Saint-Germain Coupe de France: 2009–10 France FIFA Confederations Cup: 2003 Individual Etoile d'Or: 2002–03 UNFP Ligue 1 Team of the Year: 2002–03, 2003–04 UNFP Ligue 1 Player of the Month: September 2003, November 2003 ESM Team of the Year: 2003–04 References External links Ludovic Giuly at Ligue de Football Professionnel 1976 births Living people Footballers from Lyon Men's association football wingers French men's footballers French expatriate sportspeople in Spain French expatriate sportspeople in Monaco France men's international footballers Olympique Lyonnais players AS Monaco FC players La Liga players FC Barcelona players AS Roma players Paris Saint-Germain F.C. players FC Lorient players GOAL FC players Ligue 1 players Ligue 2 players Serie A players French expatriate men's footballers Expatriate men's footballers in Spain Expatriate men's footballers in Italy Expatriate men's footballers in Monaco 2003 FIFA Confederations Cup players FIFA Confederations Cup-winning players French people of Corsican descent Corsica men's international footballers UEFA Champions League winning players
53829064	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagubat	Nagubat	Nagubat is an island located in the Antique province of the Philippines. In 1978 its elevation was recorded at . See also List of islands of the Philippines References Further reading Islands of Antique (province)
62442312	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michelle%20Harrison%20%28actress%29	Michelle Harrison (actress)	Michelle Harrison is an American television and film actress. She is notable for her main roles as Kate Henry in the CBC Television cowboy drama series Wild Roses (2009), and as Nora Allen and the Speed Force in the CW series The Flash (2014). Early life and career Harrison studied acting at the Circle in the Square Theatre School, New York City. In 2000, she played Crane's assistant in The Guilty, the same year she starred in an episode of Cold Squad. She appeared in the films Pressure (2002), Paycheck (2003), and The Invisible (2007). In 2008, she played a main role as Julie Reichert, in the Lifetime Movie Network television miniseries The Capture of the Green River Killer. In 2009, she secured a main role as Kate, the oldest daughter of the Henry family in the CBC Television cowboy drama series Wild Roses. In 2010, she appeared in an episode of Supernatural. In 2012, she played a Recurring role as Jessica in Emily Owens, M.D.. In 2013, she landed a main role as Nora Allen and the Speed Force in The CW series The Flash. She starred alongside Steven Weber, in Hallmark Movies & Mysteries Original film 'Tom Dick & Harriett as Harriett Fellows, and again the same year in The Mystery Cruise with co-star Gail O'Grady. In 2014, Harrison had a recurring role on the Syfy series Continuum. Filmography Film Television References External links Living people 21st-century American actresses American soap opera actresses American television actresses American film actresses Circle in the Square Theatre School alumni American expatriate actresses in Canada 20th-century American actresses Year of birth missing (living people)
14731756	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunevshchina%2C%20Gdovsky%20District%2C%20Pskov%20Oblast	Lunevshchina, Gdovsky District, Pskov Oblast	Lunevshchina () is a village in Gdovsky District of Pskov Oblast, Russia. Rural localities in Pskov Oblast
43174750	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pond%20frog%20%28disambiguation%29	Pond frog (disambiguation)	The pond frog is a genus of true frogs. Pond frog may also refer to: Central Asian pond frog, a frog found in China, Tajikistan, and possibly in Afghanistan Daruma pond frog, a frog endemic to Japan Green pond frog, a frog found in Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka Seoul pond frog, a frog found in Korea Yunnan pond frog, a frog found in China and possibly Myanmar See also Frog Pond Animal common name disambiguation pages
5937999	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainian%20Museum	Ukrainian Museum	The Ukrainian Museum, founded in 1976 by the Ukrainian National Women's League of America in New York City, is the largest museum of its kind outside of Ukraine and is dedicated to the enjoyment, understanding, and preservation of the artistic and cultural heritage of Ukraine. For centuries Ukraine has been an epicenter for creative output — from traditional music, dance, and folk art to the birthplace of modern art and cinema. Today, the country celebrates its cultural impact on the world for people of all backgrounds. The museum's building was designed by Ukrainian-American architect George Sawicki of Sawicki Tarella Architecture + Design in New York City, and was funded by the Ukrainian-American community. The museum is located at 222 East 6th Street between Second Avenue and Cooper Square in the East Village neighborhood of Manhattan. The museum's collection falls into three primary groupings, "folk art", which includes festive and ritual attire and other items of clothing, ceramics, metalwork and carved wood items, as well as Ukrainian Easter eggs (pysanky); "fine arts", including paintings, drawings, sculptures and graphic works by noted Ukrainian artists such as the primitive artist Nikifor, Mykhailo Moroz, Vasyl Hryhorovych Krychevsky, Mykhailo Chereshnovsky, Alexander Archipenko, Peter Kapschutschenko, Alexis Gritchenko, Oleksa Nowakiwsky, Ivan Trush, Jacques Hnizdovsky, Liuboslaw Hutsaliuk, and Edward Kozak, among many others; and items documenting the history and cultural legacy of Ukrainian immigration to the United States, including photographs, personal correspondence, posters, flyers and playbills, stamps and coins. References External links Official website Museums of Ukrainian culture abroad Ethnic museums in New York City Arts organizations of the Ukrainian diaspora Society museums in New York (state) Folk art museums and galleries in New York (state) Art museums and galleries in New York City Museums in Manhattan Ukrainian museums in the United States Ukrainian-American culture in New York City Art museums established in 1976 1976 establishments in New York City
43695267	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goniophysetis%20actalellus	Goniophysetis actalellus	Goniophysetis actalellus is a moth in the family Crambidae. It is found in Madagascar. References Cybalomiinae Moths described in 1960
62583713	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akira%20Yanase	Akira Yanase	is a Japanese water polo player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 2016 Summer Olympics. References 1988 births Living people Japanese male water polo players Olympic water polo players for Japan Water polo players at the 2016 Summer Olympics Sportspeople from Gunma Prefecture Asian Games silver medalists for Japan Asian Games bronze medalists for Japan Asian Games medalists in water polo Water polo players at the 2010 Asian Games Water polo players at the 2014 Asian Games Medalists at the 2010 Asian Games Medalists at the 2014 Asian Games
1821231	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World%20Christian%20Fundamentals%20Association	World Christian Fundamentals Association	The World's Christian Fundamentals Association was an interdenominational organization founded in 1919 by the Baptist minister William Bell Riley of the First Baptist Church, Minneapolis, Minnesota. It was originally formed to launch "a new Protestantism" based upon premillennial interpretations of biblical prophecy, but soon turned its focus more towards opposition to evolution. See also American Council of Christian Churches References Denominational alliances Christian fundamentalism
4426607	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brick%20%28electronics%29	Brick (electronics)	A brick (or bricked device) is a mobile device, game console, router, computer or other consumer electronic device that is no longer functional due to corrupted firmware, a hardware problem, or other damage. The term analogizes the device to a brick's modern technological usefulness. Cause and prevention Bricking a device is most often a result of interrupting an attempt to update the device. Many devices have an update procedure which must not be interrupted before completion; if interrupted by a power failure, user intervention, or any other reason, the existing firmware may be partially overwritten and unusable. The risk of corruption can be minimized by taking all possible precautions against interruption. Installing firmware with errors, or for a different revision of the hardware, or installing firmware incompetently patched such as DVD firmware which only plays DVDs sold in a particular region, can also cause bricking. Devices can also be bricked by malware (malicious software) and sometimes by running software not intentionally harmful but with errors that cause damage. Some devices include a backup copy of their firmware, stored in fixed ROM or writable non-volatile memory, which is not normally accessible to processes that could corrupt it. Should the firmware become corrupted, the device can copy from the backup memory to its main memory, restoring the firmware. Types Bricking is classified into two types, hard and soft, depending on the device's ability to function. Hard brick Hard bricked devices generally show few or no signs of life. A hard bricked device does not power on or show any vendor logo; the screen remains turned off or blank. Some of the major reasons for hard bricking include installing firmware not intended for the device, severe physical damage, interrupting a firmware flashing procedure, or following a flashing procedure incorrectly. In the case of Android devices, some kernel bugs have been known that affect the /data partition in the eMMC chip, which becomes corrupted during certain operations such as wiping and flashing. Recovering from a hard brick is generally considered difficult and requires the use of a more direct programming interface to the device; such an interface often exists, as there must be a way to program the initial firmware during the manufacturing process. However, additional tools or connections may be needed, such as low-level programming devices. Hardware hard brick recoveries are also considered difficult and require electrical knowledge to find and fix hardware issues. For example, an overloaded capacitor in a circuit may explode, thus stopping the flow of electricity and bricking the device. More complex examples involve permanent damage to integrated circuits and processors. Fixing such hardware bricks involve replacing these components entirely or fixing them by either bypassing if the circuit allows or other methods. Most devices can be hard bricked in a variety of ways. Resolution generally follows a process of analyzing the boot process, determining the sub-type of hard brick, and making changes with the help of external (non-bricked) devices. Soft brick A "soft bricked" device may show signs of life, but fails to boot or may display an error screen. Soft bricked devices can usually be fixed relatively easily; for example, a soft bricked iOS device may display a screen instructing the user to plug it into a computer to perform an operating system recovery using iTunes computer software. In some cases, soft bricked devices are unable to be repaired without physical repairs being carried out; an example of this would be an iOS device locked with iCloud Activation Lock, of which the only solution is to contact the owner of the iCloud account the device is locked to, or to replace the entire logicboard with a non-locked board. Un-bricking Some devices that become "bricked" because the contents of their nonvolatile memory are incorrect can be "un-bricked" using separate hardware (a debug board) that accesses this memory directly. This is similar to the procedure for loading firmware into a new device when the memory is still empty. This kind of "bricking" and "un-bricking" occasionally happens during firmware testing and development. In other cases software and hardware procedures, often complex, have been developed that have a good chance of un-bricking the device. There is no general method; each device is different. There are also user-created modifier programs to use on bricked or partially bricked devices to make them functional. Examples include the Wiibrew program BootMii used to fix semi-bricked Nintendo Wiis, the Odin program used to flash firmware on Samsung Android devices, or the fastboot Android protocol which is capable of re-flashing a device with no software installed. A soft bricked rooted Kindle Fire can be un-bricked by using unrooting tools. A personal computer may be un-bricked by using various means of restoring techniques, from internal ones through the "Backup and Reset" feature, or external one using an external OS image. Systems In principle any device with rewritable firmware, or certain crucial settings stored into flash or EEPROM memory, can be bricked. Many, but not all, devices with user-updatable firmware have protection against bricking; devices intended to be updated only by official service personnel generally do not. Amongst devices known to have bricking issues are: older PCs (more recent models often have dual BIOSes or some other form of protection), many mobile phones, handheld game consoles like the PlayStation Portable and Nintendo DS, video game consoles like the Nintendo Wii, Xbox 360, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One, many SCSI devices and some lines of hard disk drives and routers. At least some older consumer market router models can become unresponsive when the user tries to define a subnet mask that does not contain one contiguous run of 1s and then 0s. If even a single bit is set so that it breaks one of the runs, the router may become bricked, unresponsive to any standard troubleshooting or resolving procedures listed in the manual. Un-bricking the router may require opening the case, shorting some jumper pins on the board, then connecting the router by the USB cable to an old PC with USB 1.1 hardware, running a special DOS level program supplied by the manufacturer, and powering the router up. This procedure will flash the router to factory settings and original firmware. Electric cars such as the Tesla Roadster (first generation) can brick if the battery is completely discharged. Sometimes an interrupted flash upgrade of a PC motherboard will brick the board, for example, due to a power outage (or user impatience) during the upgrade process. It is sometimes possible to un-brick such a motherboard, by scavenging a similar but otherwise broken board for a BIOS chip in the hopes that the BIOS will work even halfway, far enough to boot from floppy. Then it will be possible to retry the flash process. Sometimes it is possible to boot from a floppy, then swap the old presumably dead BIOS chip in and re-flash it. On some Gigabyte boards, it can also be possible to re-flash the bricked main BIOS using a backup BIOS. Some vendors put the BIOS chip in sockets, allowing the corrupted BIOS chip to be removed and reprogrammed using an external tool, like a universal programmer or an Arduino. Online and mobile services Mobile phones have a fixed identification code, the IMEI. A telephone reported stolen can have its IMEI blocked by networks, preventing them from being used as mobile devices. iOS offers a similar "Activation Lock" feature via the "Find My iPhone" security software, where a device can be remotely prevented from operating (even after it has been erased), protected by the owner's Apple ID. Devices that have a strong dependency on online services in order to function may be bricked after services are discontinued by the manufacturer, or some other technological factor (such as expired security certificates or other services quietly becoming unavailable) effectively prevents them from operating. This can happen if the product has been succeeded by a newer model and the manufacturer no longer wishes to maintain services for the previous version, or if a company has been acquired by another or otherwise ceases operations, and chooses not to, or is no longer able to maintain its previous products. For example, Apple dropped support for OS X El Capitan in October 2018, and on 30 September 2021 the built-in security certificate expired, rendering users unable to connect to or use any iCloud services. The security certificate issued with the final updates of OS X Sierra and High Sierra have expired as of 20 May 2022. The practice has especially been scrutinized within the Internet of things and smart home markets. Bricking in these cases have been declared a means to enforce planned obsolescence. References Computer jargon
69670410	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron%28III%29%20azide	Iron(III) azide	Iron(III) azide, also called ferric azide, is a chemical compound with the formula . It is an extremely explosive, impact-sensitive, hygroscopic dark brown solid. This compound is used to prepare various azidoalkanes, such as n-butyl azide. Preparation This compound is prepared by the reaction of sodium azide and iron(III) sulfate in methanol: Iron(III) azide can also be formed by pulse irradiation of a mixture of iron(II) perchlorate, sodium azide, and hydrogen peroxide. Under these conditions, a neutral N3 radical is formed, which oxidizes the iron(II) to iron(III); the iron(III) then promptly combines with azide ions. References Iron(III) compounds Azides
47014038	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalovo%20%28Trgovi%C5%A1te%29	Kalovo (Trgovište)	Kalovo is a village in the municipality of Trgovište, southeastern Serbia. According to the 2011 census, the village has a population of 23 people. References Populated places in Pčinja District
57202781	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costilla%20Creek	Costilla Creek	Costilla Creek is a tributary of the Rio Grande in Colorado and New Mexico. Course The creek rises in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains in far southern Colorado at the confluence of East Fork Costilla Creek and West Fork Costilla Creek. It then flows southward across the border into New Mexico. Here it is impounded by the privately-held Costilla Reservoir on the Vermejo Park Ranch. From there, it flows generally southwest, receiving the waters of its tributary Comanche Creek at the north end of Valle Vidal. Costilla Creek then begins to curve towards the northwest towards a point where it meets New Mexico State Road 196. The creek then travels generally northwestward, following alongside State Road 196 through the small town of Amalia. It leaves the mountains after passing through a diversion dam — the beginning of the Acequia Madre irrigation ditch — and just before flowing through the town of Costilla, entering the broad, flat plain of the Taos Plateau volcanic field. Flowing north from Costilla, the creek enters Colorado at Garcia. It then flows in a broad semi-circle to the west, eventually flowing to the south, just west of Jaroso, Colorado and crossing the border, once again entering into New Mexico. Soon after crossing the border, the creek turns to the southwest and empties into the Rio Grande, its mouth in a gorge just to the northwest of Ute Mountain. Fishing Popular with anglers, the creek offers fishing for rainbow trout, brown trout, and Rio Grande cutthroat trout. The Rio Costilla is stocked on a regular basis with trout from spring to fall. The New Mexico Department of Game and Fish implemented the final phase of the Restoration of Rio Grande Cutthroat Trout (Oncorhynchus clarki virginalis) and the Native Fish Community to the Upper Rio Costilla Watershed project in March 2021, which should be complete by the fall of 2021. The removal of non-native fish such as non-native rainbow trout and non-native suckers through this initiative should provide high-quality angling opportunities for native trout and expand the range of interconnected populations of Rio Grande cutthroat trout and other native fish, decreasing their likelihood of becoming threatened or endangered species. References Rivers of Taos County, New Mexico Rivers of Costilla County, Colorado Tributaries of the Rio Grande
24862614	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magdalena%20Municipality%2C%20Beni	Magdalena Municipality, Beni	Magdalena Municipality is the first municipal section of the Iténez Province in the Beni Department in Bolivia. Its seat is Magdalena. References National Institute of Statistics of Bolivia Municipalities of Beni Department
29343201	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mua%2C%20Malawi	Mua, Malawi	Mua is a village in the Dedza District of Malawi, close to the Dezda Plateau. The village is the seat of the most ancient Roman Catholic mission of Malawi, the Mua Mission, as well as a cultural centre and museum created by the missionaries, the KuNgoni Centre of Culture and Art. See also Kungoni Populated places in Central Region, Malawi
19918431	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%20Walk%20to%20Remember%20%28novel%29	A Walk to Remember (novel)	A Walk to Remember is a novel by American writer Nicholas Sparks, released in October 1999. The novel, set in 1958–1959 in Beaufort, North Carolina, is a story of two teenagers who fall in love with each other despite the disparity of their personalities. A Walk to Remember is adapted in the film of the same name. Writing Sparks wrote the manuscripts for A Walk to Remember, his third novel, in the summer of 1999. He wrote it in North Carolina, which is the setting of the novel. Like his first published novel The Notebook, the prologue to A Walk to Remember was written last. The title A Walk to Remember was taken from one of the tail end pages of the novel: "In every way, a walk to remember." The novel is written in first-person, and its narrator is a seventeen-year-old boy, living in the 1950s. The novel was inspired by Sparks' sister, Danielle Sparks Lewis, who later died of cancer in June 2000. Although the story is largely fictional, certain parts were based on real experiences. For example, his sister, just like Jamie, was never popular at school and always wore an ugly sweater. And just like Jamie, she always carried the Bible around with her everywhere she went. And just like Landon and Jamie, never in a thousand years did anyone think someone would ever deeply fall head-over-heels for her. His sister's husband proposed marriage to her despite her sickness. After her death, Sparks said in the eulogy: "...I suppose I wrote this novel not only so that you could get to know my sister, but so that you would know what a wonderful thing it was that her husband once did for her." Plot summary The story starts with a prologue from Landon Carter at age 57. The remainder of the story takes place when Landon is a 17-year-old high school senior. Landon lives in the small, religious town of Beaufort, North Carolina. His father is a genial, charismatic congressman. Landon's father is not around very much, as he lives in Washington, D.C. Landon is more reclusive, which causes some tension in their relationship. Landon's father pressures him into running for class president. Best friend, Eric Hunter, who is the most popular boy in school, helps him and, to his surprise, Landon wins the election. As student body president Landon is required to attend the school dance with a date. He asks many girls, but none are available. That night, he looks through his yearbook, trying to find an acceptable date. Since nobody else seems to be available, Landon reluctantly asks Jamie Sullivan, daughter of Hegbert Sullivan - the Beaufort church minister, who accepts his invitation. While Jamie is very religious and carries a Bible with her wherever she goes, Landon (one of the more popular students) is reluctant to go to the dance with someone like her. When Landon is threatened by Lew, Jamie comes to Landon's aid, to his appreciation. At the end of the night he admits to her that she was the best date possible. A few days later, Jamie asks Landon to participate in the school's production of The Christmas Angel. While Landon is not very enthusiastic about participating, he agrees to it anyway. Jamie, on the other hand, could not be happier about her new castmate. Landon knows that if his friends learn about his role in the play, he will be teased relentlessly. One day at rehearsal, Jamie asks if Landon will walk her home, after which it becomes routine. A couple of days later Eric mocks the couple during their walk home and Landon becomes truly embarrassed to be with Jamie. Meanwhile, Landon continues to learn about all the people and organizations Jamie spends her time helping, including an orphanage. Landon and Jamie visit the orphanage one day to discuss a possible showing of The Christmas Angel, but their proposal is quickly rejected by Mr. Jenkins. When Jamie and Landon were waiting to meet Mr. Jenkins, she tells Landon that all she wants in the future is to get married in a church full of people and to have her father walk her down the aisle. While Landon thinks this is a strange wish, he accepts it. In truth, he is beginning to enjoy his time with her. One day while they two are walking home, Landon abruptly yells at Jamie and he tells her that he is not friends with her. The next day at the first showing of The Christmas Angel, Jamie enters the stage dressed as the angel, making Landon simply utter his line, "You're beautiful", and truly meaning it for the first time. Following thus, Jamie asks Landon if he would go around town and retrieve the jars containing money collected for the orphans' Christmas presents. When Landon collects the jars, there is only $55.73, but when he gives the money to Jamie, there is $247. Jamie buys gifts for the orphanage, and Landon and Jamie spend Christmas Eve there together. Jamie's Christmas gift to Landon is her deceased mother's Bible. As they get in the car to go home, he realizes his true feelings for her. "All I could do is wonder how I'd ever fallen in love with a girl like Jamie Sullivan". He invites her to his house for Christmas dinner. The next day Landon visits Jamie at her house, where they share their first kiss on her porch. Afterward, Landon asks Hegbert if they can go to the local resultant, Flavin's, on New Year's Eve. While Hegbert initially refuses, after Landon declares his love for his daughter, Hegbert relents. On New Year's Eve, Jamie and Landon go to dinner and share their first dance. A couple of weeks later, Landon tells Jamie that he is in love with her. To his surprise, Jamie replies by insisting that he cannot be. In response, Landon demands an explanation, and Jamie reveals that she is dying of leukemia. The following Sunday, Hegbert announces to his congregation that his daughter is dying. Jamie does not return to school the following Monday and that it is eventually learned that she is too ill to ever return to school. While they are having dinner at Landon's house, Jamie tells Landon, "I love you, too", for the first time. Weeks later, Eric and Margaret go to visit Jamie at home where they apologize for ever being rude to her. Eric gives Jamie the $400 that he collected for the orphanage. Jamie refuses to stay at the hospital because she wishes to die at home. In turn, Landon's father helps to provide Jamie the best equipment and doctors so she can spend the rest of her life at home. This gesture helps to mend the gap between father and son. One day, while sitting next to Jamie while she sleeps, Landon comes up with an idea. He runs to the church to find Hegbert and asks him for permission to marry Jamie. While Hegbert is reluctant, his refusal to deny Landon's request is seen (by Landon) as approval. Landon runs back to Jamie's side and asks, "Will you marry me?" Landon and Jamie are married in a church full of people. Although she is weak and in a wheelchair, she insists on walking down the aisle so that her father could give her away, which was always a part of her lifelong dream. Landon remembers thinking "It was...the most difficult walk anyone ever had to make. In every way, a walk to remember". When they reach the front of the church, Hegbert proclaims, "I can no more give Jamie away than I can give away my heart. But what I can do is let another share in the joy that she has always given me". Hegbert has had to experience so much pain in his life, first losing his wife, now knowing his only child will soon be gone, too. The book ends with Landon 40 years later at age 57. He still loves Jamie and wears his wedding ring. He finishes the story by saying, "I now believe, by the way, that miracles can happen." Characters Landon Carter is a son of a rich family, the narrator of the novel. Jamie Sullivan is the daughter of the Beaufort church minister Hegbert Sullivan. She is very religious, sweet, and kind. Mr. Carter is the father of Landon Carter. He is a congressman in North Carolina and is gone nine months out of the year because he lives in Washington D.C. Mrs. Carter is the mother of Landon Carter. "She [is] a nice lady, sweet and gentle." Hegbert Sullivan is Jamie's father. He is the Beaufort church minister. His wife died shortly after giving birth to Jamie. He is very old with "translucent skin"; he is often crabby but his daughter describes him as having "a good sense of humor". He wrote the local play, The Christmas Angel but he maintains a strong dislike for Mr. Carter due to his father's choices. Angela Clark is the first girlfriend of Landon and then begins dating Lew. Carey Denison is the treasurer at Landon's high school as well as a tuba player. He is unproportional, with short arms, a large stomach, and a squeaky voice. Lew is Angela Clark's boyfriend, who "[is] twenty years old and [works] as a mechanic" and "always [wears] a white T-shirt with a pack of Camels folded into the sleeve". Miss Garber is the drama teacher at Landon's high-school. "She [is] big, at least 6'2", with flaming red hair and pale skin that [shows] her freckles well into her forties." Her favorite word is marvelous. Eric Hunter is Landon's best friend, who does more making fun, than being an actual friend. The popular jock at school, he starts out very crude, but when tragedy strikes his longtime friend, he shows that he is sympathetic. Eddie Jones is not well liked by the drama department. He was scheduled to play the main character in the play, but is demoted to the "bum" when Landon steps in. He is extremely apathetic. Mrs. Sullivan is a minor role. Described as "a wispy little thing", she died while giving birth to Jamie, and is greatly missed by Hegbert and Jamie. Margaret, a cheerleader, is Eric's girlfriend. Reception The novel was published in October 1999 in hardcover print, and later in paperback edition. It spent nearly six months in the best-seller list on hardcover, and an additional four months on paperback. The novel received mixed reviews from critics. The Sunday New York Post holds that it "never fails to be interesting, touching, at times riveting ... a book you won't soon forget". African Sun Times echoes the former's comments, saying, "A remarkable love story that, like its predecessors, will touch the hearts of readers everywhere." New York Daily News compliments Sparks, commenting that he "has written a sweet tale of young but everlasting love, and though he's told us to expect both joy and sadness, the tears will still come". Clarissa Cruz of Entertainment Weekly, however, panned the novel, saying, "With its cliché-riddled prose and plot twists that can be predicted after skimming the prologue, Nicholas Sparks' latest, A Walk to Remember, reads more like the script for a bad after-school special than anything approaching literature." Although the novel is number 12 on their list of 1999 Bestsellers Fiction, Publishers Weekly described it as "a forced coming of age story" and "the author's most simple, formulaic, and blatantly melodramatic package to date". Theresea Parks from Publishers Weekly goes on to say that many will be disappointed: "Readers may be frustrated with the invariable formula that Sparks seems to regurgitate with regularity". She also writes that it is especially similar to The Notebook in its "corny flashback device that mimics The Notebook". Overall, Publishers Weekly expressed its disappointment. Adaptation A Walk to Remember was adapted in the film of the same name, becoming Sparks' second novel adapted to the big screen after Message in a Bottle in 1999. Sparks sold the film rights to Warner Bros. in December 1998, months before the publication of the novel. The movie was directed by Adam Shankman and produced by Denise DiNovi and Hunt Lowry for Warner Bros.; the film premiered on January 25, 2002. The film, starring singer and actress Mandy Moore (Jamie) and Shane West (Landon), is set in the late 1990s. Sparks and the producer thought that because the film was suitable for teenagers "because of the message it provided," they had to make the adaptation more contemporary. References External links Official Nicholas Sparks website Fiction set in 1958 Fiction set in 1959 1999 American novels American novels adapted into films American romance novels American young adult novels Novels about cancer Carteret County, North Carolina Novels by Nicholas Sparks Novels set in North Carolina Novels set in the 1950s Warner Books books
75014626	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na%C3%ABl%20Marandin	Naël Marandin	Naël Marandin is an actor and film director from France. Marandin started acting as a child, he played in such films as Les allumettes suédoises (The Swedish matches) and La ville dont le prince est un enfant (The city whose prince is a child). After that he took a break from acting and studied political science. For several years, he lived in China and Tibet. Upon return to France, he emerged as a video maker and film director, releasing two prized shorts: Foreign Bodies and No neighborhood. His first feature, She walks, was released in 2015. The film tells the story of Lin Aiyu, an illegal Chinese immigrant living in Belleville, who works as a prostitute hiding it from her teenage daughter. At the project stage, the film won the Centre national du cinéma et de l'image animée (CNC) project competition and received a grant for production. His second feature, Beasts (La terre des hommes), was also supported by the CNC. The screenplay was co-written with Marion Doussot and Marion Desseigne-Ravel. The movie was well received by critics, it won the Best Cinematography Prize at the Tallinn Black Nights Festival, took the Grand Prix at the 2020 Saint-Jean-de-Luz Film Festival and at the Saint-Jean-de-Luz IFF, won Best Acting and the Audience Award at the 36th Mons International Film Festival, and the 2020 Critics’ Week label of the 2020 Cannes Film Festival. References Living people French film directors 1981 births French male child actors
63643820	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1965%E2%80%9366%20Northampton%20Town%20F.C.%20season	1965–66 Northampton Town F.C. season	Players Competitions Division One League table Results summary League position by match Matches FA Cup League Cup Appearances and goals References Books 1965-66 Northampton Town
4798258	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/What%20We%20Do%20Is%20Secret%20%28film%29	What We Do Is Secret (film)	What We Do Is Secret is a 2007 American biographical film about Darby Crash, singer of the late-1970s Los Angeles punk rock band the Germs. It was directed by Rodger Grossman, who wrote the screenplay based on a story he had written with Michelle Baer Ghaffari, a friend of Crash's and co-producer of the film. Shane West stars as Crash, while Rick Gonzalez, Bijou Phillips, and Noah Segan respectively portray Germs members Pat Smear, Lorna Doom, and Don Bolles. The film follows the formation and career of the Germs, focusing on Crash's mysterious "five-year plan", his homosexual relationship with Rob Henley (played by Ashton Holmes), and his experimentation with heroin, culminating in his December 1980 suicide. It is titled after the first track on the Germs' 1979 album (GI). The film was in development for almost nine years due to changes in production staff and adjustments in casting. Grossman conducted numerous interviews as research, and cast West, who he felt "did a masterful job capturing Crash on film." What We Do Is Secret was independently produced and financed, and premiered at the Los Angeles Film Festival on June 23, 2007. It was distributed theatrically and on video by Peace Arch Entertainment beginning in August 2008. It was not financially successful and received mixed reviews, though West received praise for his performance and ability to emulate Crash's behavior and mannerisms. Production of the film led Smear, Doom, and Bolles to reunite as the Germs with West on vocals; this lineup performed sporadically for several years and appears on the film's soundtrack. Plot Jan Paul Beahm grows up in Los Angeles through a troubled childhood: He does not know his biological father, his mother is an alcoholic, and his older brother dies from a heroin overdose. An avid reader, he develops into a "frighteningly intelligent" student at University High School, where his antisocial behavior leads the administration to give him straight A's if he agrees not to return. In December 1975, at age 17, he proposes to his friend Georg Ruthenberg that they start a band, showing him potential lyrics and claiming to have a "five-year plan" inspired by the David Bowie song "Five Years". They con money for instruments, and a lineup coalesces with Jan Paul on vocals, Georg on guitar, Terri Ryan on bass guitar, and Becky Barton on drums. Jan Paul comes up with the band name Germs, representing the germination of an idea. The Germs play their first gig in April 1977: As they are heckling the Damned outside the Whisky a Go Go, Claude "Kickboy Face" Bessy of Slash magazine suggests that they perform at an open mic across the street. They give an impromptu performance of their song "Sex Boy", but do not know how to play their instruments and are heckled by the audience. Jan Paul responds by throwing flour at them and dipping the microphone in peanut butter; the band is thrown out but excited by the experience. Jan Paul comes up with pseudonyms for the members: Georg becomes Pat Smear, Terri becomes Lorna Doom, and Becky becomes Donna Rhia. Jan Paul renames himself Bobby Pyn, but soon changes this to Darby Crash. Becky is soon kicked out and the band goes through a series of replacements. Chris Ashford becomes their manager and presses their "Forming" single, the first punk rock single from Los Angeles. At the Masque the Germs meet Don Bolles, who becomes their new drummer. Darby also meets Rob Henley, and the two begin a homosexual relationship. Darby comes up with the Germs' logo, a blue circle, as well as the "Germs burn", a symbolic circular cigarette burn on the wrist. The Germs build an audience at the Masque and advance to larger venues, playing a chaotic show at the Roosevelt Hotel on Halloween 1978. Rob vies with Don for Darby's approval, and he and Darby begin experimenting with heroin. The Germs appear on Rodney Bingenheimer's radio program and convince Slash to fund their album, (GI). Tensions rise as Rob convinces Darby that Don's drumming is not fast enough, and when a woman named Amber begins doting on Darby and declares herself his manager. Darby's heroin use increases, as does violence at the Germs' shows, and they are banned from most clubs in Los Angeles. Darby is upset to learn that Don has started a side project. Penelope Spheeris features the Germs in her film The Decline of Western Civilization. The band plays at the Whisky a Go Go in December 1979 under the name GI, for "Germs Incognito", and when Don is late Darby replaces him with Rob. Rob does not know how to play, however, and the show is aborted when the crowd riots. Finding Rob having sex with a female fan, Darby effectively breaks up the Germs by taking off with Amber to London for several months. Darby returns to Los Angeles with an Adam Ant-inspired fashion and a tall mohawk. He enlists Pat for his Darby Crash Band, then organizes a Germs "farewell show" at the Starwood in December 1980 with Pat, Lorna, and Don. The show goes well, with Darby telling the crowd "This is for the people who wanted to know what it was like when we were around. But this is the only one; you're not gonna see this again". Alone and despondent after the show, he enters into a suicide pact with friend Casey Cola: The two intentionally overdose on heroin; Casey survives, Darby does not. Pat receives the news as he is watching reports of the assassination of John Lennon. Darby's funeral is sparsely attended, with Pat reading a poem titled "Astrid" that Darby had written near the band's outset. Cast Shane West as Darby Crash (Jan Paul Beahm), leader and singer of the Germs. Jonathan Milliken plays the young Beahm in the film's opening scenes. Bijou Phillips as Germs bassist Lorna Doom Rick Gonzalez as Pat Smear, guitarist in the Germs and the Darby Crash Band Noah Segan as Don Bolles, the Germs' most consistent drummer Ashton Holmes as Rob Henley, Darby's homosexual partner Tina Majorino as Michelle Baer Ghaffari, a close friend of Darby and the band. Baer Ghaffari was briefly the Germs' drummer, and co-wrote the story for What We Do Is Secret with director Rodger Grossman. Lauren German as Belinda Carlisle, briefly a formative member of the Germs. In reality Carlisle was briefly instated as the Germs' drummer, using the pseudonym Dottie Danger, but never actually played with the band due to a bout of mononucleosis. She was replaced by Becky Barton and went on to front the Go-Go's and become a solo artist. German had previously worked with West in the 2002 film A Walk to Remember. Keir O'Donnell as Chris Ashford, the Germs' manager Sebastian Roché as Claude "Kickboy Face" Bessy, a music journalist for Slash magazine who becomes an avid supporter of the Germs Azura Skye as Casey Cola, who takes Darby in after his return from London and enters into a suicide pact with him, though she survives the attempt Ozzy Benn as Captain Sensible, bassist in the Damned Christopher Boyd as Dave Vanian, singer in the Damned Amy Halloran as Becky Barton/Donna Rhia, the Germs' original drummer. In reality Barton replaced the ill Belinda Carlisle, played three shows with the Germs, and played on the "Forming" single. Michele Hicks as film director Penelope Spheeris, who features the Germs in her documentary The Decline of Western Civilization J. P. Manoux as Rodney Bingenheimer, a disc jockey on KROQ-FM who features the Germs on his program "Rodney on the ROQ" Ray Park as Brendan Mullen, manager of the Masque Additional minor roles are played by Kylan James as the Damned's drummer Rat Scabies, Chris Pontius as L.A. musician Black Randy, Randi Newton as Germs fan Gerber, Anna Waronker as (GI) producer Joan Jett, Giddle Partridge as 45 Grave singer Dinah Cancer, John Westernoff as brief Germs drummer Nickey Beat, and Missy Doty as Crash's manager Amber. Two Los Angeles punk rock bands of the 2000s perform in the film as bands of the late 1970s. The Mae Shi perform as the Screamers in the Masque scene, playing a cover version of the Germs' "Sex Boy" with actor Rich Moreno in the role of singer Tomata du Plenty. The Bronx perform as Black Flag, opening for the Darby Crash Band by performing "Police Story"; members Matt Caughthran, Joby J. Ford, James Tweedy, and Jorma Vik respectively play the roles of Black Flag members Dez Cadena, Greg Ginn, Chuck Dukowski, and Robo. Development and production Inspired by Penelope Spheeris' The Decline of Western Civilization and the punk rock scene of Los Angeles, AFI Film School graduate and LA native Rodger Grossman, set out to create an authentic story about the formative years of the Germs. Although the Germs project experienced several setbacks and false starts over a nine-year period, Grossman stayed committed to the film. Pat Smear (the original guitar player in the band), who ultimately became a member of Nirvana, Foo Fighters and many other bands, was the music producer for the film. With the exception of Phillips, who played guitar (but not bass guitar), and West, who had experience as a singer, none of the other cast members had ever played musical instruments. Intent on making the music in his film sound authentic, Grossman asked Smear to help his actors learn to play their instruments. Smear rehearsed with the band and produced all the pre-recordings that were used in the movie, utilizing the other original members of the Germs; Bolles and Doom. The new band of actors slowly came together. Pat Smear said: "These kids will be as good as we were when we were bad… which is good enough". Smear went on to affectionately refer to the cast as the "Baby Germs". The music in the film was recorded during pre-production, used by the cast as synch tracks during production, and finally married with West's live vocals, which were recorded on-set. Pat Smear also produced the recordings of the other bands that perform in the movie—the Mae Shi performed as The Screamers, and The Bronx performed as Black Flag. The financing of the film came from personal investments, including Shane West himself. After a stressful false start in production, the cast and crew held a wrap party to celebrate the un-shot film. At the party the actors who portrayed the band (Baby Germs) entertained the crew by playing a few Germs tracks on stage. Then the original Germs, who were in attendance, joined the Baby Germs on stage. The Baby Germs handed their instruments over to the original Germs, who continued to jam with West on vocals. The result was an unexpected Germs reunion with Shane West as front man. Casting David Arquette was initially considered for the role of Darby Crash, but he moved on to other projects. Shane West, who auditioned with his own pop-punk band Jonny Was, was ultimately chosen as Darby Crash. West's strong connection to the material, along with his own experience as the lead singer of a pop-punk band, convinced Grossman to choose West over many other contenders. West had tooth veneers applied in order to make his teeth look like Crash's. During the hiatus between seasons of ER, West worked on the film and on getting more financing for it. Grossman cast Bjiou Phillips, who was seventeen years old at the time, to play Lorna Doom. Phillips stayed committed to the project for the entire time it took to bring the film into production. West and the other actors who portrayed the Germs' members trained for three months for the concert scenes with the help of the Germs' real members. Heather Mallow, a personal friend of Grossman, was chosen and played the role of Darby's mother who was briefly discussed during one of the more documentary sequences during the start of the movie. Filming Filming began in 2005. The film was shot on location in Silver Lake, Los Angeles, California, primarily at Occidental Studios, where Charlie Chaplin and Mary Pickford once made movies. The film was shot guerrilla-style in a total of twenty-one days and in three production periods over a two-year period. Grossman used multiple camera positions to convey the significance of the band in relation to the audience. For example, in a scene depicting one of the band's first shows, the camera looks down on Darby, suggesting the lackluster effect that the band had on the audience. As the film progresses, Grossman changes the camera's position to make the stage higher relative to the audience, illustrating the control Darby had over his audience. All wardrobe and makeup was supervised by Michelle Baer-Ghaffari, a friend of Darby's, to ensure authenticity. Release Critical response What We Do is Secret received mixed reviews. Review aggregate Rotten Tomatoes reports that 45% of critics gave the film a positive review based on 47 reviews, with an average score of 5.24 out of 10. The website's critical consensus states: "Despite its dynamic subject and reckless anti-glamor, this biopic about the legendary punk rocker Darby Crash fails to translate the excitement its subject generated." On Metacritic it has a weighted score of 54 out of 100, based on 18 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". Although the film received mixed critical reviews, many critics praised Shane West's performance as Darby Crash, often noting that West bears a strong physical resemblance to Crash. David Wiegand of the San Francisco Chronicle spoke highly of West, writing that even though some of the supporting performances such as those of Bijou Phillips and Rick Gonzalez are very strong, it is Shane West "who lifts the film to a whole other level" as he brings "multiple layers of insight and nuance". Carrie Rickey of the Philadelphia Inquirer wrote that West had a "terrific performance" and noted he also "bears an uncanny resemblance to Darby Crash." Nora Lee Mandel of Film-Forward.com wrote that "West is magnetic trying to fill the gaps in the pop psychology insight into how the Germs' brief candle burned out so fast." John Hartl of the Seattle Times wrote that "While What We Do Is Secret may not be remembered for much more than West's performance, it's an impersonation worth saluting." Phil Gallo of Variety praised both West and Grossman writing they both "have a clear, unwavering perspective on Crash that should entice curiosity seekers and old punks." Pauline Pechin of Premiere thought that West played Darby Crash to a tee and kept on writing in fact, his performance was so believable that he's currently on tour with the reformed Germs as the lead singer. Ken Fink of TV Guide wrote "Shane West does a pretty impressive impersonation of the on-stage antics of Darby Crash". Some critics also praised some of the supporting actors' performances as well as the cast performances as a whole. This was seen with Jim Emerson of the Chicago Sun-Times review with him writing "Where What We Do Is Secret succeeds is in the performances which sometimes expose a stilted, amateurish strain that's oddly in tune with the characters' D.I.Y. aesthetic." Sara Cardance of New York wrote "The amateur vibe suits the subject matter, and the young cast rises to the challenge." Eric Campos of Film Threat wrote that "These actors and many more make What We Do Is Secret an absolute blast to watch and they do an undeniably perfect job of recreating this notorious scene." Home media What We Do Is Secret was released on DVD on November 4, 2008. Music Soundtrack album In addition to "Forming", which appears on the soundtrack album, the team of Shane West, Bijou Phillips, Lukas Haas, and Michael LeBlanc also perform the Germs songs "Circle One", "Lexicon Devil", "Richie Dagger's Crime", "Shut Down (Annihilation Man)", and "Lion's Share" in the film. The Bronx also performs the Black Flag song "Police Story". Additional songs used in the film that do not appear on the soundtrack album include: "We Must Bleed" and "What We Do Is Secret" by the Germs, written by Darby Crash and Pat Smear "Queen Bitch", written and performed by David Bowie "Neat Neat Neat" by the Damned, written by Brian James "Taliban", written and performed by Paul Roessler "Gidget Goes to Hell" by Suburban Lawns, written by William Ranson and Richard Whitney "Adult Books" by X, written by John Doe and Exene Cervenka "Righteous Dub" by Mad Professor, written by Neil Fraser "Just Like You" by Vox Pop, written by Don Bolles "New Dawn Fades" by Joy Division, written by Ian Curtis, Peter Hook, Stephen Morris, and Bernard Sumner "Bloodstains" by Agent Orange, written by Mike Palm References External links Articles Lipton, Shana Ting (August 23, 2005). "Rekindling the Punk Flame" (page 1/2). Los Angeles Times. Reviews FilmJerk.com Review Film Threat Review Photo gallery from the movie Gay Punk-Rocker Tragedy - The Bay Area Reporter Germ Warfare - Easy Bay Express Databases 2007 films Punk films American LGBT-related films Musical films based on actual events Rhino Films films Biographical films about singers 2000s English-language films 2000s American films
5286597	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optare%20Alero	Optare Alero	The Optare Alero is a low-floor GRP monocoque minibus that was built by Optare between 2001 and 2008. It was built as an alternative to van-derived buses such as the Mercedes-Benz Sprinter. Around 300 were built in the first five years of production. The primary markets for the Alero have been community transport groups and rural demand responsive bus routes. Features The Alero has a 2.8 litre Iveco turbo diesel engine and a choice of 6 speed manual or automatic ZF transmission. It typically seats between twelve and sixteen passengers, capacity being partly dependent upon whether space is provided for a wheelchair. The destination display box is optional. Alero Plus The Alero was relaunched in 2006 as the Alero Plus. The previous torquey and economical 2.8 litre turbo diesel Iveco (from the Daily II range) engine was replaced by the higher-revving 3 litre later Iveco (Daily III) engine with chain-driven cam. The Alero plus had its main battery in the boot, overcoming the nightmare under-bonnet battery access in the original Alero. Various changes and component upgrades have been made in an attempt to overcome reliability and durability issues suffered by the original design. In 2008, the Alero was discontinued after the production run of around 300 units. References Millar, Alan (2007) Bus & Coach Recognition : Ian Allan Ltd., External links Product description in Optare website (Web Archive 2007/12/24) Bus and Coach Buyer Issue 990 Page 11 Alero Low-floor buses Minibuses Vehicles introduced in 2001
6712146	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parineeta	Parineeta	Parineeta may refer to: Parineeta (novel), a 1914 Bengali-language novel by Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay Parineeta (1942 film), directed by Pashupati Chatterjee, based on the novel Parineeta (1953 film), directed by Bimal Roy, based on the novel Parineeta (1969 film), directed by Ajoy Kar, based on the novel Parineeta (1986 film), directed by Alamgir Kabir, Bangladeshi film Parineeta (2005 film), directed by Pradeep Sarkar, based on the novel Parineeta (2019 film), an Indian Bengali romantic drama film Parineeta Borthakur (born 1985), Indian actress
1312887	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handle%20with%20Care%20%28song%29	Handle with Care (song)	"Handle with Care" is a song by the British-American supergroup the Traveling Wilburys. It was released in October 1988 as their debut single and as the opening track of their album Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1. The song was the first recording made by the group, although it was originally intended as a bonus track on a European single by George Harrison. When he and Jeff Lynne presented the song to Harrison's record company, the executives insisted it was too good for that purpose, a decision that resulted in the formation of the Wilburys. The song was written primarily by Harrison, although, as with all the tracks on Vol. 1, the writing credit lists all five members of the band: Harrison, Lynne, Bob Dylan, Roy Orbison and Tom Petty. "Handle with Care" was the Wilburys' most successful single. It peaked at number 45 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States, number 2 on the Billboard Album Rock Tracks chart and number 21 on the UK Singles Chart, and was a top-five hit in Australia and New Zealand. Directed by David Leland, the video for the song was an MTV favourite in the late 1980s. Petty and his band the Heartbreakers often performed "Handle with Care" in concert. Lynne sang it with them at the Concert for George, a year after Harrison's death in November 2001. Harrison's son Dhani Harrison sang lead on the song with Jeff Lynne's ELO during their 2019 US tour. Background "Handle with Care" came about through Warner Bros. Records, which distributed George Harrison's Dark Horse record label, pressing Harrison for an extra track for the European release of his "This Is Love" single. Having arrived in Los Angeles in April 1988, Harrison discussed the request over dinner with Jeff Lynne, his co-producer on the Cloud Nine album, and Roy Orbison, whose album Mystery Girl Lynne was producing at the time. Lynne agreed to help him record the track the following day, and Harrison invited Orbison to attend the session, after Orbison had said he "would like to come along and watch". With no professional studios available at such short notice, Harrison phoned Bob Dylan, who agreed to let them use his garage studio in Malibu. Tom Petty, who had also been working with Lynne in Los Angeles, was invited the following day, when Harrison went to retrieve his guitar from Petty's house. In a 1990 interview for the Dutch television show Countdown, Harrison said that he started writing "Handle with Care" – with a section in mind for Orbison to sing – on the morning of the session. Lynne helped Harrison complete the music for the song when they arrived at Dylan's house; according to Petty, Harrison had the chord sequence "pretty much" completed beforehand. In another contemporary interview, Harrison recalled that he had the opening line, "Been beat-up and battered around", but otherwise, the lyrics were the result of a group effort. Harrison asked Dylan, who had been tending a barbecue for the musicians, to "Give us some lyrics, you famous lyricist." When Dylan asked for a title for the song, Harrison looked around the garage and said, "Handle with Care", after a label on a box. All five musicians assisted in writing the song's lyrics, and sang and played acoustic guitars on the basic track. Harrison said that, having already planned Orbison's segment, he decided to include portions sung by Dylan, Lynne and Petty. Composition "Handle with Care" was written in the key of G major. The main riff and verses feature a four-bar chord sequence with a descending bass line. The first bridge includes a G augmented chord. The time signature throughout is 4/4, played to a moderate rock beat. In music journalist Matthew Greenwald's description, the composition is "built around a descending, folk-rock chord pattern and some ... major-key chorus movements". He identifies the song's message as being "about getting out from under the shell of the '60s fallout, along with a strong theme of survival". The song's structure comprises rounds containing three distinct sections: Harrison's verses, the Orbison-sung "I'm so tired of being lonely" bridge, and a second bridge led by Dylan. Author Ian Inglis writes that Harrison's verses reflect his having overcome hardships and challenges throughout his musical career, with the line "Oh, the sweet smell of success!" conveying a mix of optimism, resignation and cynicism regarding the concept of stardom. Inglis says that while the song bears "Harrison's distinctive musical and vocal signature", the Orbison-sung segments evoke the "lonely" theme that was a defining element of Orbison's work from the late 1950s onwards, just as Dylan's bridges, containing the line "Put your body next to mine, and dream on", capture the "straightforward sexuality" evident in songs from that artist's late 1960s country period. Recording and Wilburys' formation The ensemble taped the basic track of acoustic guitars, accompanied by a drum machine, on Dylan's Ampex recorder. According to Lynne, the instruments used were a mix of six- and twelve-string guitars. Having been invited by Harrison to assist with the recording, engineer Bill Bottrell recalled that the garage studio had yet to be set up and the equipment was a mix of seemingly unused items. The released recording includes Harrison's electric guitar riff, played on a Rickenbacker 12-string, and slide guitar solos, and Dylan on harmonica. The electric and bass guitars were added to the basic track on the day after the session at Dylan's house, and drummer Ian Wallace overdubbed tom-toms. According to Petty and Bottrell, Lynne played drums on the track and added a cowbell. The overdubbing session took place at Westlake Audio on Santa Monica Boulevard. Lynne said that they had invited Jim Keltner to play drums but he was unavailable. Wallace recalled that Lynne asked him to add some fills to the existing drum part, which Wallace said was a drum machine part, and that the venue was Quincy Jones' studio in Los Angeles, with all the Wilburys present except for Dylan. When Harrison presented a mix of "Handle with Care" to Warner Bros., the company's executives insisted that the track was too good to be used as "filler" on a European single. He recalled that they thought the song would be wasted since it would not benefit Cloud Nines sales. In Petty's recollection, Harrison and Lynne then decided to realise their idea of forming the Traveling Wilburys, a band they had imagined during the sessions for Cloud Nine. On Harrison's next visit to Los Angeles, from 8 May onwards, he, Lynne, Dylan, Orbison and Petty began recording the album Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1. The recordings were completed by Harrison and Lynne, the Wilburys' producers, over the summer, at Harrison's Friar Park studio in England. Video The Wilburys filmed a music video for "Handle with Care" in early October 1988, at an abandoned brewery near Union Station in Los Angeles. It was directed by David Leland, who had recently directed Harrison's HandMade Films production Checking Out. The video features the group members performing the song around an old-fashioned omnidirectional microphone. The band were dressed and styled by Roger Burton, whose stylist credits included the films Quadrophenia and Chariots of Fire, and music videos for David Bowie, Eurythmics and UB40. The video was the last to feature Orbison, who died of a heart attack on 6 December. Lynne recalls that, as they all travelled together to the film shoot, Orbison kept the band entertained by reciting entire Monty Python comedy sketches by himself. Lynne continues: "And he's got this enormous and most infectious giggle you've ever heard, and we'd all be giggling like schoolgirls after a minute or two and all fall about!" At the time, Lynne described the video as a "nice film, where we're just playing, with nice shots of guitars and heads and feet", and free of "gimmicks and fireworks". Orbison was dressed in a long black coat, black trousers and red shoes, and wore his usual diamond-encrusted Maltese cross brooch. Release Backed by "Margarita", "Handle with Care" was issued as the Wilburys' debut single on 17 October 1988, and as the opening track of Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1 the following day. Although the group were viewed as being mainly Harrison's project, all the participants were keen to maintain a collaborative identity. Rather than use his Dark Horse label, they released the single and the album on a new Warner's imprint, Wilbury Records. The bandmates similarly shared the songwriting credits, although the allocation of each song's publishing rights reflected its main composer. In the case of "Handle with Care", the song was allocated to Harrison and his Ganga publishing company, which was later subsumed into his company Umlaut Corporation. Aside from the standard 7-inch record and 3-inch CD releases, the single was available in the 10- and 12-inch vinyl formats, both of which used an extended version of the A-side. In the US, the CD single included both the standard-length and extended versions of "Handle with Care". The single's cover art was designed by Wherefore Art? and included a group photograph taken by Neal Preston. According to authors Chip Madinger and Mark Easter, the song received widespread airplay on US radio and the video was given "saturation play" on MTV and VH-1. Although the album was a major commercial success there, the popularity of the single failed to translate into sales. On the US charts compiled by Billboard magazine, "Handle with Care" peaked at number 45 on the Hot 100, yet number 2 on the radioplay-based Album Rock Tracks chart. Elsewhere, it reached number 21 on the UK Singles Chart, number 3 in Australia, where Vol. 1 was the best-selling album of 1989, and number 4 in New Zealand. It was the highest charting of all the Wilburys' singles in the UK and the US. Critical reception and legacy As with Vol. 1, "Handle with Care" received highly favourable reviews from music critics, even though the Wilburys' sound was at odds with contemporary musical trends. In a review of their second album, which Harrison chose to title Traveling Wilburys Vol. 3, Elizabeth Wurtzel of New York magazine highlighted "Handle with Care" among the Wilburys' "upbeat, irresistible songs ... that unified the rock audience" in 1988, by presenting the middle-aged stars as a "new act" to young listeners while also finding favour with the babyboomer market. In his song review for AllMusic, Matthew Greenwald writes of "Handle with Care": The opening track to the star-studded Traveling Wilburys album puts the group and their attitude in one compact package ... George Harrison handles the verses, and there are also two excellent bridges featuring Roy Orbison and Bob Dylan. Orbison's section capitalizes on his awesome, operatic vocal pipes, and the effect is wonderful ... In the end, the joy of camaraderie is what hits the listener the hardest and makes this one of the most memorable records of the 1980s. Cash Box called it "a fine song, with each section's style seemingly fitting the singer's writing style...George opening, Roy lifting, and an ensemble chorus." Author Howard Sounes says that, for Dylan, his friendship with Harrison enabled a collaboration that saved Dylan's career at a time when it was "reaching its nadir". He adds that the song had "a clever lyric about middle age and a strong melody" and featured an Orbison vocal performance that "soared". Matt Melis of Consequence of Sound lists "Handle with Care" tenth in his "Top Ten Songs by Ex-Beatles", saying that the Wilburys showed Harrison "at his absolute best since his solo work in the early Seventies" and, following this first spontaneous collaboration, "The rest is super group history." Ian Inglis describes "Handle with Care" as a "glorious example of the way in which a synthesis of contrasting talents can produce music that is effortless and natural". With reference to the musical eras represented by Orbison, Harrison and Dylan, respectively, he concludes: "its real significance rests ... on its symbolic fusion of three revolutionary moments in the history of rock 'n' roll that had their beginnings in Sam Phillips' Sun Studio in Memphis, in the clubs and bars of Liverpool and Hamburg, and in the folk venues of New York's Greenwich Village." Author Simon Leng views the song as a "worthy hit" that displays the three lead singers' styles to equally good effect and, in the closing solos by Harrison and Dylan, features "two of the most famous instrumental signatures in popular music [playing] in tandem". Jeff Burger, writing for The Morton Report in 2016, highlighted "Handle with Care" and "Not Alone Any More" as Vol. 1s fun-filled "ear candy" that "profit from Orbison's inimitable soaring vocals, Harrison's trademark guitar, and Lynne's production". In an article covering the launch of the expanded edition of Harrison's autobiography, I, Me, Mine, in 2017, Billboards Andy Gensler commented that "Handle with Care" remained a fixture on FM radio. In May 2018, the track was used to close the "All the Wilburys" episode of the US television show Billions. The Wilburys' group dynamic is referred to in the episode, when the character Ari Spyros, a socially awkward compliance officer, shouts "Handle me with care!" in an effort to persuade his colleagues that he is worthy of Wilbury status. Live performances and cover versions Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers and Lynne performed "Handle with Care" at the Concert for George tribute in November 2002, a year after Harrison's death, and at Harrison's induction as a solo artist into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2004. Petty and the Heartbreakers introduced the song into the set list for their own shows in 2003. A live recording appears on the band's 2005 DVD Live in Concert: Soundstage, recorded in Chicago for the Soundstage television series. In the Concert for George documentary film, which was again directed by David Leland, Petty and Lynne's performance is interspersed with interview footage in which Petty discusses the writing of the song. On 14 September 2014, during the BBC Radio 2 Festival in a Day event in London's Hyde Park, Lynne performed "Handle with Care" as a tribute to Harrison and Orbison. The performance was accompanied by images of the two late Wilburys projected onto the backdrop of the stage. In 2006, Jenny Lewis covered "Handle with Care" on her debut solo album, Rabbit Fur Coat, recorded with the Watson Twins, Ben Gibbard, Conor Oberst and M. Ward. While Andy Gill of The Independent said that the confident performance by Lewis and her collaborators "ensures that even a cover as unhip as The Traveling Wilburys' 'Handle With Care' sounds engaging", Will Levith of Ultimate Classic Rock dismissed it as a "terrible" version that resembled a "boozy, late-night karaoke" rendition next to the superlative performances of Harrison and Orbison on the Wilburys' "classic". Writing in March 2007, after the announcement that the long-unavailable Wilburys' catalogue was about to be reissued, in the box set The Traveling Wilburys Collection, Whitney Pastorek of Entertainment Weekly said: "while Petty's been doing the tune in concert for years, Jenny Lewis' decision to cover that song on last year's Rabbit Fur Coat seemed to get plenty of hipsters asking, Dude, how come I can't buy the original? And, as we all know, what the hipsters want, the hipsters get. Huzzah!" Damien Leith included "Handle with Care" on his 2011 Orbison tribute album Roy: A Tribute to Roy Orbison. At the 2014 George Fest tribute in Los Angeles, organised by Harrison's son Dhani, the song was performed as the penultimate number by an ensemble including Brandon Flowers, Dhani Harrison, "Weird Al" Yankovic, Britt Daniel and Wayne Coyne. Reviewing the 2016 album and DVD release from the concert, for PopMatters, Megan Volpert wrote: "The gentlemen collaborate with Dhani on the Wilburys' 'Handle with Care', audibly evoking not just the noises of George, but also the ghost of Roy Orbison and almost hilariously good impersonations of Tom Petty and Jeff Lynne ... Dhani could've gotten Petty and Lynne, no doubt – but he is working on something arguably more important here than what Concert for George hoped to accomplish." In 2017, Stephen Stills and Judy Collins released a version of the song as the opening track of their album Everybody Knows. Dhani Harrison sang "Handle with Care" as a featured guest during Jeff Lynne and ELO's tour of the US in the summer of 2019. Track listing Details per Madinger and Easter: 7" and non-US CD single A "Handle with Care" (LP Version) – 3:20 B "Margarita" (LP Version) – 3:16 12" single (also 10" size) A "Handle with Care" (Extended Version) – 5:14 B "Margarita" – 3:16 US CD single "Handle with Care" (LP Version) – 3:20 "Margarita" (LP Version) – 3:16 "Handle with Care" (Extended Version) – 5:14 Personnel Traveling Wilburys George Harrison – lead (verses) and harmony vocals, acoustic and electric guitars, slide guitar Roy Orbison – lead (chorus) and harmony vocals, acoustic guitar Bob Dylan – harmony vocals, acoustic guitar, harmonica Jeff Lynne – harmony vocals, acoustic and electric guitars, bass guitar, drums, cowbell Tom Petty – harmony vocals, acoustic guitar Additional musician Ian Wallace – tom-toms Charts Weekly charts Year-end charts Notes Although never mentioned, Emma Bunton's "Who the hell are you?" B-side features a strikingly similar melody to "Handle with Care". The melody using the timbre of an organ as opposed to a guitar. References Sources External links "Handle with Care" at Discogs 1988 songs 1988 debut singles Traveling Wilburys songs Warner Records singles Songs written by George Harrison Songs written by Jeff Lynne Songs written by Bob Dylan Songs written by Tom Petty Songs written by Roy Orbison Song recordings produced by Jeff Lynne Song recordings produced by George Harrison Music published by Oops Publishing and Ganga Publishing, B.V. Jenny Lewis songs
12677999	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank%20Greer	Frank Greer	Frank Bartholomew Greer (February 26, 1879 – May 7, 1943) was an American rower who competed in the 1904 Summer Olympics. Rowing career A native of East Boston, Greer was a member of the East Boston Amateur Athletic Boat Club. He held the National Association of Amateur Oarsmen single sculls title from 1904 to 1095. On July 30, 1904, he won an Olympic gold medal in the single sculls competition with a time of 10:08.5 at the age of 25. The final was held at Creve Coeur Lake in Maryland Heights, Missouri, where he beat out James Juvenal (silver) and Constance Titus (bronze). After rowing After his retirement, Greer coached at the Detroit Athletic Club and later in life became a sheriff at the Charles Street Jail in Boston. References External links Database Olympics profile 1879 births 1943 deaths People from East Boston, Boston American male rowers Rowers at the 1904 Summer Olympics Olympic gold medalists for the United States in rowing Massachusetts sheriffs Medalists at the 1904 Summer Olympics
4132456	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schuman%20railway%20station	Schuman railway station	Brussels-Schuman railway station (, ), officially Brussels-Schuman (, ), is a railway station in the City of Brussels, Belgium, serving the European Quarter. It received its name from the area around the Robert Schuman Roundabout, itself named after Robert Schuman. Underneath Brussels-Schuman is the rapid transit Schuman station on lines 1 and 5 of the Brussels Metro system, which serves as an important node of the Brussels Intercommunal Transport Company (STIB/MIVB). History The original railway line through the station site ran between Brussels-Luxembourg and Brussels-North and was opened on 23 October 1856, though no station was provided. In about 1865, the Grande Compagnie du Luxembourg received subsidies from the state to open stations on the line, by that point surrounded by rapid housing development, and opened a halt called Bruxelles (Rue de la Loi), on a site now occupied by part of the Berlaymont building. The station was closed around 1920. The site was identified as a future rail and metro connection during the planning and construction of the Berlaymont and Charlemagne buildings, and opened for rail and premetro (underground tram) services on 17 December 1969. The premetro trams were replaced by the new Brussels Metro on 20 September 1976. From 2008 to 2016, the railway station (and the metro station) underwent major renovation works, increasing the station's capacity by two extra tracks. These connect to a tunnel to the old Schaerbeek-Josaphat station (and marshalling yard) on line 26, in order to offer direct quick connections to Antwerp, Leuven and Brussels Airport. With this third connection, the station has become one of Brussels' largest. Its new glass roof allows more daylight into the station. Rail The rail station (called Bruxelles-Schuman/Brussel-Schuman) is an elevated station, though its north-eastern end is "underground" as it enters a hillside. Its ticket office is located immediately next to the metro station; at one end of the railway station platforms, a stairway leads down to the /, coming out close to Maelbeek/Maalbeek metro station. Trains travelling between Brussels-South railway station and Namur and Luxembourg call at the station. The National Railway Company of Belgium (NMBS/SNCB)'s code for the station is FBSM. A new tunnel was opened in April 2016 between Brussels-Schuman and Meiser, providing direct connections to Brussels Airport and stations on the Greater Ring of Brussels. Train services The station is served by the following service(s): Intercity services (IC-16) Brussels - Namur - Arlon - Luxembourg Intercity services (IC-17) Brussels Airport - Brussels-Luxembourg - Namur - Dinant (weekdays) Intercity services (IC-17) Brussels - Namur - Dinant (weekends) Intercity services (IC-18) Brussels - Namur - Liege (weekdays) Intercity services (IC-27) Brussels Airport - Brussels-Luxembourg - Nivelles - Charleroi (weekdays) Brussels RER services (S4) Aalst - Denderleeuw - Brussels-Luxembourg (- Etterbeek - Merode - Vilvoorde) (weekdays) Brussels RER services (S5) Mechelen - Brussels-Luxembourg - Etterbeek - Halle - Enghien (- Geraardsbergen) (weekdays) Brussels RER services (S8) Brussels - Etterbeek - Ottignies - Louvain-la-Neuve Brussels RER services (S9) Leuven - Brussels-Luxembourg - Etterbeek - Braine-l'Alleud (weekdays, peak hours only) Brussels RER services (S81) Schaarbeek - Brussels-Luxembourg - Etterbeek - Ottignies (weekdays, peak hours only) Area This station is in the centre of Brussels' European Quarter, being adjacent to the Berlaymont building (headquarters of the European Commission), the Justus Lipsius building (used to hold low-level meetings of the Council of the European Union and provide office space to the Council's Secretariat) and numerous other EU offices. It is named after the area around the Robert Schuman Roundabout, which was itself named after Robert Schuman, one of the founding fathers of the European Union, the Council of Europe and NATO. It lies beneath the Rue de la Loi/Wetstraat, a major city thoroughfare, and is close to the Parc du Cinquantenaire/Jubelpark. See also List of railway stations in Belgium Rail transport in Belgium Transport in Brussels History of Brussels References Notes External links A peek on the future Schuman Station - December 9, 2007 ifrancis blog Brussels explosion: Many dead in attacks on Zaventem airport and Metro Railway stations in Brussels European quarter of Brussels City of Brussels Railway stations in Belgium opened in the 1960s Railway stations opened in 1969 1969 establishments in Belgium
40290357	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asura%20luzonica	Asura luzonica	Asura luzonica is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found on the Philippines (Luzon). References luzonica Moths described in 1919 Moths of Asia
67802114	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucinda%20do%20Carmo	Lucinda do Carmo	Lucinda do Carmo (1861-1922) was a Portuguese actress in the 19th and 20th centuries who performed in all theatrical genres. Early life Lucinda do Carmo was born in the Portuguese capital of Lisbon on 15 December 1861. She was the daughter of a decorative arts painter. After taking music lessons at the National Conservatory of Lisbon, she decided to pursue an acting career, for which her performances in amateur dramatics and as a night-club singer showed she clearly had a vocation. She debuted at the Teatro do Ginásio on 22 September 1882, and spent several years in that theatre playing increasingly important roles, including with the Emília Adelaide company. She then worked at the new Teatro da Trindade, distinguishing herself in the vaudeville-opérette Mam'zelle Nitouche by Hervé. She stayed at the Trindade to perform in several operettas, with an 1888 performance leading to her being named as the "Queen of Vaudeville". She then moved to the Teatro da Rua dos Condes and the D. Maria II National Theatre with the Rosas & Brazão company, where she developed her skills as a comedy actress. Later career In 1893 Carmo went with her company to Brazil, performing in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. Returning to Lisbon, she played at the Rua dos Condes, and then went to the Portuguese Azores archipelago with a company which she directed. She then joined a company that performed at the Trindade and the Teatro D. Amélia, which later became the Teatro São Luiz. After performing for two seasons in the Teatro D. Afonso in Porto she returned to Lisbon, to the Teatro Avenida. When the government remodelled the salary structure of the state-run D. Maria II National Theatre, she applied to be admitted to the company and was classified as a first-class actress. She did not stay there long, however, moving to the Rua dos Condes. She then formed her own company to perform at the Avenida. By 1901 Carmo was back at the Trindade. From that time until when she rejoined the D. Maria II National Theatre in 1911, she seems to have been relatively inactive. However, she did make one film in 1907, called The Abduction of an Actress, which is believed to have been the first Portuguese fiction film and was allegedly shot in five hours. In 1911 she returned to the D. Maria II National Theatre company, playing in Lisbon and also Porto. She stayed with that company until 1920 when she joined the Teatro Moderno cooperative company. Death In the last few years of her life, Carmo also wrote published poetry, employing the caustic wit for which she was known. In late 1921 she broke a leg when stepping off a tram car. She died on 1 January 1922, having reportedly got into bed, refused food and stopped talking. Her funeral attracted numerous mourners. She was buried in Lisbon's Prazeres Cemetery. Honours and awards Carmo was made a Commander of the Portuguese national award, the Military Order of Saint James of the Sword. In 1931, a street was named after her in the Alto do Pina parish of Lisbon. References Portuguese stage actresses 19th-century Portuguese actresses 20th-century Portuguese actresses 1861 births 1922 deaths
41489482	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry%20of%20Aboriginal%20Affairs	Ministry of Aboriginal Affairs	Ministry of Aboriginal Affairs, Department of Aboriginal Affairs, or Aboriginal Affairs may refer to: Australia Federal Minister for Indigenous Australians Department of Aboriginal Affairs, in Australia 1972–1990 States and territories Aboriginal Affairs NSW, formerly New South Wales Department of Aboriginal Affairs Minister for Aboriginal Affairs (New South Wales) Minister for Aboriginal Affairs (Northern Territory) Department of Seniors, Disability Services and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Partnerships (since 2020) Minister for Aboriginal Affairs (South Australia), as of 2022 Kyam Maher Department of Aboriginal Affairs (Western Australia), dissolved in 2017 Minister for Aboriginal Affairs (Western Australia) Canada Ministry of Aboriginal Affairs (Ontario), later Ministry of Indigenous Affairs Ministry of Aboriginal Affairs (Quebec), (French: Secrétariat aux affaires autochtones) Minister of Aboriginal and Northern Affairs (Manitoba) Manitoba Aboriginal and Northern Affairs Minister of Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Other uses Aboriginal Affairs, a 1983 album by American jazz trombonist Craig Harris See also Bureau of Indian Affairs, United States Foundation for Aboriginal Affairs, a welfare and advocacy organisation in Sydney, Australia, 1964–1977
62570231	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerem%20Bayku%C5%9F	Kerem Baykuş	Kerem Baykuş (born 5 February 2000) is a Turkish professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for 1461 Trabzon FK on loan from Trabzonspor. Professional career Baykuş made his professional debut for Trabznnspor in a 3-1 UEFA Europa League loss to FC Basel on 12 December 2019. Honours Trabzonspor Turkish Cup: 2019–20 References External links 2000 births People from Düzköy Sportspeople from Trabzon Province Living people Turkish men's footballers Turkey men's youth international footballers Men's association football midfielders Trabzonspor footballers İstanbulspor footballers TFF First League players TFF Second League players
36480056	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Busy%20Beavers	The Busy Beavers	The Busy Beavers is a 1931 Silly Symphonies animated film, directed by Burt Gillett. Plot The short shows a community of beavers building their dam and soon shows one particular beaver trying to save it when it is threatened by a flash flood. Reception Variety (July 14, 1931): "One of the Silly Symphonies and among the better of that group. At the Roxy, shown on the wide screen, the cartoon took on added attractiveness. Good anywhere. Runs with a sense of continuity which other cartoons fail to get despite the fact that only the quack-quack noises of the inked beavers and some interpolating sounds are heard by the customers. One good moment is when a cloudburst pummels one of the beavers Another is where a tree falls on one of them. However, he stays alive to be razzed by a plucked owl for a laugh finish." The Film Daily (July 19, 1931): "Walt Disney made a 'knock-out' when he produced this Silly Symphony. Gags that are really new, animation that is smooth and clever and synchrony that never misses a beat. Disney has taken a theme which shows beavers building a dam as only cartooned beavers can do it. It finishes with a flood and one lone beaver attempting to save the dam from destruction. The reel is fast, funny and fine." Home media The short was released on December 4, 2001, on Walt Disney Treasures: Silly Symphonies - The Historic Musical Animated Classics. References External links American animated short films 1931 short films 1930s Disney animated short films Silly Symphonies 1931 animated films Films directed by Burt Gillett Films produced by Walt Disney American black-and-white films Columbia Pictures animated short films Columbia Pictures short films Animated films about mammals Films about rodents Films scored by Frank Churchill Fictional beavers Animated films without speech Flood films
22315803	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/REPLAY%20%28software%29	REPLAY (software)	REPLAY is a management system for audiovisual content developed at ETH Zurich. Background REPLAY was developed as the future Multimedia Portal of ETH Zurich within the scope of the ICT strategy 2006–2009 and got branded „REPLAY“ in 2007. It is to manage the audiovisual content of ETH Zurich from production to distribution in an automated manner. Application area The main focus of REPLAY is the quasi-automated handling of large number of lecture recordings (>150 per week) and to provide an integrated management solution for other video objects (films, digitization results etc.). Thus, it covers all the audiovisual material usually to be found in academic and other institutions (museums, companies etc.). Workflow REPLAY covers the complete lifecycle of the audiovisual objects: In the classroom / lecture hall, the Linux-based Playmobil as an additional hardware component automatically captures audio, video, and VGA (for slides/presentations/computer display/other devices). After the lecture, these sources are bundled with metadata and proceeded into the REPLAY backend. Other video material can be ingested through an inbox. All bundles are then: archived, indexed (based on slide content, using Optical Character Recognition), encoded according to settings and distributed in various channels (RSS, streaming, download etc.) One of the distribution channels is Interplay, a user interface designed for interactive consumption of video. Qualities REPLAY is written in Java, open source and oriented towards standards wherever possible. It is modular in design and envisaged to run on a singular machine as well as in a distributed environment. License REPLAY is open source under GNU LGPL license version 2. Development Development website. Replay has been developed towards release 0.7 (March 2009); as of June 2009 the project has ended and support was suspended by the end of 2009. Efforts around REPLAY and its technology are being transferred to the Opencast Matterhorn project. References External links Official website Project website Article from the proceedings of the 36th annual ACM SIGUCCS conference The WSU eLearner blog on REPLAY The ICT en Onderwijs blog on REPLAY (Dutch) Presentation of REPLAY at EDUCAUSE 2008 Article on REPLAY (German) Presentation of REPLAY (German, video) 2006 software Cross-platform free software Free educational software Educational software Java (programming language)
53861517	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United%20States%20Post%20Office%20%28Ripley%2C%20Tennessee%29	United States Post Office (Ripley, Tennessee)	The U.S. Post Office at 17 E. Jackson Avenue in Ripley, Tennessee was built in 1938. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988. It is a one-story brick building over a half basement. Its front entrance is flanked by iron lampposts and is topped by an American Eagle design. The building was expanded in 1965. Its design is credited to U.S. Treasury Supervising Architect Louis A. Simon and supervising engineer Neal A. Melick. References National Register of Historic Places in Tennessee Government buildings completed in 1938 Lauderdale County, Tennessee Ripley
34389079	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleasant%20Hill%20United%20Church%20of%20Christ	Pleasant Hill United Church of Christ	The Pleasant Hill United Church of Christ is a historic church in the village of Pleasant Hill in the western part of the U.S. state of Ohio. Built in the early twentieth century, it was the fourth building used as the home of one of the area's oldest congregations, and it has been named a historic site. Founded in 1843, Pleasant Hill was originally called "Newton" in honor of Sir Isaac, after whom the surrounding township was also named. By the time it was incorporated in 1866, it had changed its name to "Pleasant Hill"; the establishment of a post office in the community led locals to wonder if their mail would be mis-sent, so a new name was chosen. The area's first residents were Quakers; they organized in 1813 and built their first church building in 1820. A group of Christian Connexion-affiliated people founded a church two years after the Quakers; it took the name of "Hopewell" following a naming discussion at the original meeting, during which one of the charter members said she "hoped the church might do well". The earliest structure, a log building, was built in 1820 out of town, but it was later removed and replaced by a frame structure on the same site. It in turn was replaced by a brick building in Pleasant Hill; according to a congregation historian, this change was the result of an 1868 storm that virtually destroyed the old building. This structure served the congregation for slightly more than forty years; following the worship service of 10 April 1910, it was taken down to facilitate the construction of the present building on the same site. During the 20th century, the congregation became a part of the United Church of Christ, within which it remains. The church is a Gothic Revival structure built with an Akron Plan interior. It appears to be built of brick, but the structure actually relies on limestone for its foundation and walls, with a roof of ceramic tile and occasional elements of wood. Located on a corner lot, the building features a tower on the corner facing the intersection; worshippers can enter by climbing a small flight of stairs to the base of the tower. Large gabled sections with fat ogee-arched windows face both streets, with a functional addition to the rear. In late 2002, the Pleasant Hill UCC was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. One of more than forty such locations in Miami County and the only one in the village of Pleasant Hill, it qualified for listing because of its historically significant architecture. References External links Church website Churches completed in 1911 Churches in Miami County, Ohio Gothic Revival church buildings in Ohio National Register of Historic Places in Miami County, Ohio United Church of Christ churches in Ohio
71406317	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saltbox%20Seafood%20Joint	Saltbox Seafood Joint	Saltbox Seafood Joint is a seafood restaurant in Durham, North Carolina. Chef–owner Ricky Moore established the business in the Old Five Points neighborhood in October 2012. He added a food truck in 2014 and opened a second larger brick and mortar restaurant in 2017. The original location closed in August 2021 with the expiration of a ten-year lease, and the business continues to operate on Durham-Chapel Hill Boulevard. Saltbox Seafood Joint focuses on local fish and changes the menu daily. In addition to seafood staples like clams, crabs, oysters, and scallops, the restaurant has served fried cornmeal fritters called "Hush-Honeys" as well as special dishes to celebrate select holidays and observances such as Black History Month, National Hispanic Heritage Month, Thanksgiving, and Veterans Day. The business has received positive reviews, being named "Best New Restaurant" by The News & Observer and earning Moore a James Beard Foundation Award in the Best Chef: Southeast category in 2022. Description Owned by Black chef Ricky Moore, Saltbox Seafood Joint (SSJ) is a seafood restaurant in Durham, North Carolina. The restaurant's exterior has a sign with the text "NC Seafood". According to Vanessa Real Williams of Indy Week, the restaurant is "shaped like a shrimp boat and painted an unexpected pastel green color—modern and fresh, like the restaurant itself". The front of the restaurant has large picture windows and the back walls have pine paneling. The interior also features exposed brick and a large poster of Moore's cookbook. According to Addie Ladner of Walter Magazine, the chalkboard menu display is changed daily "based on what the tides bring in". Various fish have included amberjack, black drum, bluefish, butterfish, catfish, croakers, dogfish, flounder, herring, hogfish, king mackerel, mackerel, mullet, red drum, red snapper, ribbonfish, sheepshead, snowy grouper, spadefish, spot, striped bass, swordfish, tilefish, triggerfish, grey and speckled trout, tuna, white perch, and whiting. Shellfish have included bay scallops, blue crab, clams, oysters, shrimp, and soft-shell crab. The oyster sandwich has fried oysters and cabbage fennel coleslaw on bread toasted in seafood butter. Oysters have also been paired with a dipping sauce which includes ketchup, mayonnaise, mustard, hot sauce, vinegar, salt, and pepper. The menu has included "Hush-Honeys", or fried cornmeal fritters described as "half hushpuppy, half zeppole (a fried Italian dessert), drizzled with spices and honey". Rolls, house-made chips with fried onions and green bell peppers, and various sides have also been served. The "good" tea is sweetened with simple syrup and has crushed ice. History Inspired by the hawker stalls and street food of Singapore, Moore opened the original 205-square-foot restaurant in October 2012, in a former hot dog stand on North Mangum Street in Durham's Old Five Points neighborhood. He expanded the business with a food truck in 2014. As of 2015, Moore used chard, cucumbers, kale, potatoes, scallions, and tomatoes from the nearby urban garden Sweet Beet City Farm. Moore opened a second 2,200-square-foot brick and mortar restaurant on Durham-Chapel Hill Boulevard in 2017. During the COVID-19 pandemic, he supported the use of face masks by patrons, and shared a message on social media criticizing those who refused to do so. Moore and SSJ received a $25,000 prize from Discover's Eat It Forward campaign, which celebrates and supports Black-owned businesses, in August 2020. The Old Five Points restaurant closed on August 22, 2021, when the ten-year lease expired. SSJ's five employees were all women, as of 2022. SSJ has served special dishes to commemorate select holidays and observances. On Veterans Day in 2020, the restaurant offered a "military-inspired" seafood variant of chipped beef. For Thanksgiving, the original restaurant served crab grits and the second location hosted a lobster roll social. In 2022, SSJ celebrated Black History Month by offering new dishes each Wednesday during the month of February. The specials, which Moore said commemorated the annual observance as well as the Pan-African influence of the Atlantic slave trade, included fried catfish and spaghetti, bake and shark, Senegalese fish yassa, and Moqueca Baiana (Brazilian fish stew). The restaurant has also celebrated National Hispanic Heritage Month. Reception SSJ was named "Best New Restaurant" by The News & Observer. Jill Warren Lucas of Our State wrote, "it's not the press or even the word of mouth that keeps people coming back. The draw is simple: It's the taste and aroma of perfectly cooked, imaginatively seasoned, impeccably fresh fish." In 2013, Saveur editors said SSJ "fulfills our wildest fantasies of what a takeout fish shack can be". The restaurant was included in Southern Living 2014 list of "The South's Best Cheap Eats under $10". Eater included SSJ in a 2017 list of "The South's 38 Essential Restaurants". In 2020, D.G. Martin of The Pilot described the Hush-Honeys "a little salty, a little spicy, and a little sweet" and wrote, "They're the perfect complement to the best seafood you're liable to find anywhere, let alone in the middle of the Tar Heel State." Adrian Miller included SSJ in Southern Living 2021 overview of "The South's Best Soul Food" and recommended the grouper bites. Sarah Edwards of Indy Week said the restaurant "has accrued a well-deserved following over the years, with politicians factoring chef Ricky Moore's fried fish into campaign stops". SSJ was named "Best Seafood Restaurant in the Triangle" by readers of Indy Week in 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022. The restaurant earned Moore a James Beard Foundation Award in the Best Chef: Southeast category in 2022. The News & Observer named him Tar Heel of the Year, which recognizes North Carolina residents "who have made a lasting and significant impact", in 2022. See also List of Black-owned restaurants List of seafood restaurants References External links Saltbox Seafood Joint at Zomato 2012 establishments in North Carolina Black-owned restaurants in the United States Restaurants established in 2012 Restaurants in North Carolina Seafood restaurants in the United States
55058947	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilles%20Jobin	Gilles Jobin	Gilles Jobin (born 1964) is a Swiss dancer, choreographer and director living and working in Geneva, Switzerland. Biography Born in Morges, the son of abstract painter , Gilles trained in ballet at the Ecole supérieure de danse de Cannes Rosella Hightower and at the Ballet Junior in Geneva, at the time directed by Beatriz Consuelo. He then danced for Fabienne Berger and Philippe Saire in Lausanne, as well as with Catalan choreographer . 1990s In 1993, Jobin was appointed director of the Theatre de l'Usine in Geneva where he met María Ribot, also known as La Ribot, a Madrid-born choreographer and dancer who would soon become his partner. In 1995, the couple moved to Madrid and Jobin produced his first three solos, which focused on identity issues: Bloody Mary (1995), Middle Suisse and Only You (1996). In 1997, they left for London since both were drawn to performance art and the Institute of Contemporary Arts’ dynamic programme. There, Jobin received a grant by Artsadmin and was welcomed into that organisation. He then became resident choreographer at Arsenic in Lausanne, where he established his own company Cie Gilles Jobin, producing his first group performance, the trio A+B=X for Les Urbaines, at Arsenic theater. The performance was also presented at Festival Montpellier Danse in 1999 and Jobin was subsequently recognised for the radical nature of his work, acting as a "leader for a new generation of independent Swiss choreographers". In 1998, he produced the duo Macrocosm in London's The Place, relying on choreographic language outside of established aesthetic frameworks that included forays into visual arts and performance art, as in the project Blinded by Love (1998), produced jointly with British performer Franko B. The quintet Braindance was then produced in 1999 and performed at Théâtre de la Ville in Paris, and several international tours followed in Europe and Brazil. 2000s In 2001 Jobin produced a major performance in his repertoire, the quintet The Moebius Strip, based on perpetual motion, which enabled him to radicalise his work on horizontality. Unlike his previous works which developed underlying themes of sex, nudity, violence and war, this performance is based on nothing but lines and geometry – echoing the compositions of his father which fluctuate between geometric rigour and the intense vibration of juxtaposed colours. He then followed with the septet Under Construction in 2002 which was described by Marie-Christine Vernay (Libération Next, 2002) as "doubtless one of the most majestic of Gilles Jobin's performances". Two-Thousand-and-Three, created in 2003 for the 22 dancers of the Ballet of the Grand Théâtre de Genève, itself a uniquely contemporary performance that "transcends both classical and contemporary dance" (Marie-Christine Vernay, Libération Next, 12 September 2003) was the last episode in this acclaimed trilogy based on a system of "organically organised movement". In 2004, Jobin produced Delicado for Lisbon's Ballet Gulbenkian. That same year he moved to Geneva with his family and produced the sextet Steak House in 2005. The following year, the choreographer became associate artist at Bonlieu Scène Nationale in Annecy and produced Double Deux (2006), Text to Speech (2008), a performance which points to his growing interest in new technologies, and Black Swan (2009). 2010s In 2010, Jobin produced The Missing Link with the dancers of the Donko Seko Dance Centre in Bamako, Mali. In 2011, he delved deeper into the concept of movement stripped of all narrative structure with Spider Galaxies. In 2012, he was awarded the Collide@CERN prize and thus became the first resident choreographer at CERN (the European Organisation for Nuclear Research). He ended his residency in November 2012 with a conference at CERN's Globe. In 2013, following his residency, he produced QUANTUM within the context of the CMS experiment, in association with German visual artist Julius von Bismarck (winner of the Ars Electronica Prize), American composer Carla Scaletti and Belgian fashion designer Jean-Paul Lespagnard. For QUANTUM, Gilles Jobin and Julius von Bismarck received the support of the Fondation d'entreprise Hermès in the framework of its New Settings programme. In 2015 Jobin produced the duo FORÇA FORTE inspired by the laws of quantum physics, with his troupe's iconic dancer Susana Panadés Diaz. For that performance, the choreographer did his first ever motion capture at Artanim, a Geneva research centre that carries out orthopaedics, sport medicine, 3D animation, virtual reality and enhanced reality projects. That same year he shot the acclaimed 3D film WOMB which premiered in the autumn of 2016 at the 22@th Geneva International Film Festival (GIFF). In 2017 he produced the ground-breaking contemporary dance show in immersive virtual reality VR_I, in association with Artanim, in which five viewers at a time, equipped with VR headsets and on-board computers, are immersed in a virtual environment where they can interact with each other while navigating freely to observe the dancers. The show earned Gilles Jobin the Innovation Award for the most innovative work for new platforms at the 46@th Festival du Nouveau Cinema in Montreal, where it premiered internationally in October 2017. He also earned the FNC EXPLORE Performances/Installations People's Choice Award for the best virtual reality performance. In 2017 his 3D film WOMB wins the award for art and experimental film at San Francisco Dance Film Festival. In 2018, VR_I was featured at the Sundance Film Festival and the 75th Venice International Film Festival. With nearly 200 international performances, VR_I is the most toured VR installation in the world. 2020s In 2020, Compagnie Gilles Jobin creates Dance Trail, a piece in augmented reality at the 2020 Sundance Film Festival, then La Comédie Virtuelle - Live Show, a multiuser VR show in real time selected in official competition at the 77th Venice International Film Festival and which won the Numix 2021 award in the International - Interactive XR Experience category from the XR Quebec industry. In 2021, Gilles Jobin creates Cosmogony, a live digital performance in real time in his Geneva studios, which is projected 10'000 km away at the Singapore International Festival of the Arts - SIFA and in video mapping 2'000 km away at the Bucharest International Dance Film Festival - BIDFF. In 2022, the company is back at the Sundance Film Festival with Cosmogony. Works Multimedia works 2017: VR_I 2020 : Dance Trail 2020 : La Comédie Virtuelle - Live Show 2020 : Virtual Crossings 2021 : Cosmogony Films 2016: WOMB (3D film) Dance 1995: Bloody Mary 1996: Middle Suisse & Only You 1997: A+B=X 1999: Braindance 1999: Macrocosm 2001: The Moebius Strip 2002: Under Construction 2003: Two-Thousand-and-Three (Commissioned for Ballet du Grand Théâtre – Geneva) 2004: Delicado (Commissioned for Ballet Gulbenkian – Lisbon) 2005: Steak House 2006: Double Deux 2007: The Moebius Strip & Moebius Kids 2008: Text to Speech 2009: Black Swan 2010: Le Chaînon-manquant – The Missing Link 2011: Spider Galaxies 2012: SHAKER LOOPS 2013: PROTOKIDS 2013: QUANTUM 2015: FORÇA FORTE Awards 2000 Young Creator Prize awarded by the Vaud Foundation for Artistic Promotion Furthermore, Vincent Pluss' films and documentaries dedicated to The Moebius Strip and Braindance and Luc Peter's Le Voyage de Moebius have been screened in a number of international festivals and have received many awards. 2001 New Choreographic Talent Prize awarded by the SACD 2004 Leenards Foundation Cultural Prize 2012 Collide@CERN Prize 2015 Swiss Grand Award for Dance awarded by the Federal Office of Culture 2017 Festival du Nouveau Cinema – FNC EXPLORE (Montreal) Innovation Award for the most innovative work for new platforms for VR_I 2017 FNC EXPLORE Performances/Installations People's Choice Award for the best performance for VR_I 2017: Best Art and Experimental Film award at the San Francisco Dance Film Festival for WOMB 2021: NUMIX 2021 Prize in the International – Interactive XR Experience category for his play La Comédie Virtuelle References External links Dance Trail App Living people 1964 births Swiss male dancers Swiss choreographers People from Morges
30604303	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jackson%20Square%20Park	Jackson Square Park	Jackson Square Park is an urban park in the Greenwich Village Historic District in Manhattan, New York City, United States. The park is bordered by 8th Avenue on the west, Horatio Street on the south, and Greenwich Avenue on the east. The park interrupts West 13th Street. Its triangular shape arose from the intersection of two Native American footpaths that grew into Greenwich Village streets. Later, the Commissioners' Plan of 1811 created a new street grid for Manhattan, which ultimately resulted in 8th Avenue being built through the intersection. The triangular area developed from an unimproved public rallying place, to a classic Victorian viewing garden, to a children's playground, and finally a contemporary mixed-use space. Pre-Colonial: Intersection of footpaths Two footpaths would emerge as foundational streets in what is today's Meatpacking district and West Village of Manhattan. One footpath led up from the riverbank trading station called Sapohanikan and was both largely perpendicular to the shore and aligned closely to the solar equinox of spring and fall. It would become what we today call Gansevoort Street. Its parallel offspring, Horatio Street, forms the southern border of the park. The other footpath came up from the south and would become what we today call Greenwich Avenue, which forms the east side of the park. Colonial: Evolution of roads By the late 18th century the footpaths had evolved into roads, with connecting roads emerging to the north. The city's first war memorial was erected in 1762 among farmland at the northern terminus of Greenwich Avenue (known then as Monument Lane) a few hundred feet north of what is now Jackson Square Park. It was an obelisk honoring British Major General James Wolfe who died in the Battle of Quebec. By 1773, the monument no longer appeared on local survey maps, though why it was dismantled is unknown. 1811–72: Rallying point On March 22, 1811, the New York State Legislature adopted the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, the visionary but rigid grid system of streets to the north. But the decision to have 8th Avenue continue south below 14th Street appears to have not been implemented until the 1830s. This 8th Avenue extension would become the western side of the park. At the same time, Gansevoort Street was truncated by half a block, therefore no longer intersecting with what is Greenwich Avenue, in an effort to simplify the multitude of intersecting roads. It is not certain when the triangular area was formally named “Jackson Square” but it is referred to as such in local newspapers by the early 1850s. It was presumably named for Andrew Jackson, US president from 1829 to 1837, who died in 1845. It is not to be confused with the contemporaneously owned private park of the same name at the foot of Jackson Street at the East River. Until 1872 the area was simply an open intersection of streets, acting occasionally as a gathering place for political and civic rallies of up to 1,000 and even 2,000 people in attendance, often featuring temporarily constructed platforms for speakers. Nighttime illumination came from burning tar barrels, later gas lighting and then eventually electric lighting. Certainly by the early 1850s Jackson Square had become a regular location for fireworks and music each 4 July, a tradition which would last for decades. During the second half of the 19th century, the Jackson Square area was referred to as the “Scotch quarter." It was also known for its Irish-born residents from the three northeast counties that are closest to Scotland. Two great halls, Jackson Hall and Caledonian Hall (housed at the Caledonian Club), were sited on separate lots on what is now 2 Horatio Street, adding to the reputation of the area as a place of assembly. The Jackson Square Branch of The New York Public Library opened in 1888 at adjacent West 13th Street. George W. Vanderbilt provided funds while renowned architect Richard Morris Hunt was retained for design and construction. The branch closed in 1967. 1872–88: Becoming a park Parks Commission records show that the following improvements were made by June 1872 at Jackson Square: “5,900 square feet walks graded; 103 cubic yards masonry in foundations; 460 lineal feet railing; 462 lineal feet coping; 6 lamp-posts furnished and set.” The triangular area was enclosed with a high iron railing, sodded and planted with a half dozen small trees. In 1873 sidewalks of blue-stone were added around the perimeter of the fenced-in greenery. But the interior was not open to the public, so it could only be enjoyed by viewing it from outside. The New York Tribune reports, “The children reached through the railings and pulled blades of green seed grass, and on warm nights the neighbors with their babies found seats around the coping where they could catch whiffs of ‘county air.’” The prevailing view at the time was that small green spaces should be kept closed "for the fear of the ravages of the multitudes." After several years of lobbying from the public, in 1887 Mayor Abram Hewitt promoted a citywide effort to improve public access to small parks and squares that were not open to the public. In that year Parks superintendent Samuel Parsons Jr. and consulting architect Calvert Vaux collaborated on a . By August 1888, the City Parks Commissioner officially opened “Jackson Park” after four months of construction. Improvements included a new gateway, an asphalt walk ten feet wide around the interior, 300 feet in length and the circuit of the park, along which seats were placed. A drinking fountain was added. Described in city documents and newspapers only in its initial year as "Jackson Park," the name "Jackson Square Park" took hold by 1889. Samuel Parsons later described the design for Jackson Square Park: “Walks…wound around the outskirts along the fence, leaving a border for planting of five or ten feet...[while] the central space was made a great bouquet of brilliant flowers and leaves...the central showy bedding, flanked and nested as it were among masses of trees and shrubs." 20th and 21st centuries Attitudes toward the use of open space in cities changed in the early 20th century with progressive social reformists reshaping parks to more practically and actively address the needs of urban residents, especially children and mothers. Between 1910 and 1911 the central idea of the park being a classic Victorian “viewing” park was eliminated when its central feature, the large raised "showy bedding" in the center, was leveled and covered with gravel for use as a playground. Swings and see-saws were erected. A pit was also dug and filled with sand for the children to play in. By 1913, Jackson Square Park was formally participating in what the City called “little farmers” program which allowed children to tend to their very own, dedicated small plot in which to grow flowers and vegetables. Started in 1902 in DeWitt Clinton Park by Frances Griscom Parsons, the idea quickly spread across New York City and to some degree nationally until the distraction of World War I. The park underwent renovations in the 1930s—17 pin oaks were planted on the perimeter, the shower basin was replaced by a new wading pool, and new benches were installed. The park had developed a reputation as park ideal for mothers and children. Installed in 1971, an eight-by-thirteen foot “combination fountain and jungle gym...a water spray for children that also serves as a decorative park fountain” replaced a three-foot high conventional shower. Perhaps because of the opening of the larger Bleecker Street Playground in 1966 there was less of a need for Jackson Square Park to remain a children's playground. In 1990 a capital reconstruction project was completed that changed the park to reflect what is seen today. It included planting new greenery and restoring the historic iron fencing and benches. The centerpiece, a new cast-iron fountain with planters and a granite base, evokes the 19th-century origins of Jackson Square Park but is newly constructed. Since 2008, the Jackson Square Alliance, a 510c3 non-profit organization, has helped support maintenance of the park and encouraged its use by the public. References External links Jackson Square Alliance Parks in Manhattan Squares in Manhattan Pocket parks Greenwich Village Eighth Avenue (Manhattan)
17575055	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Hibernian%20F.C.%20seasons	List of Hibernian F.C. seasons	This is a list of seasons played by Hibernian F.C. in Scottish and European football since the club first entered the Scottish Cup in 1877. The club was founded by Irish immigrants in 1875 and was admitted into the Scottish Football League in 1893. Hibernian have won the league championship four times, the Scottish Cup three times and the Scottish League Cup three times as well. The list details the club's achievements in all major competitions, and the top league goalscorer(s) for each season. For some seasons before 1900, the goalscoring information is incomplete but the player mentioned is almost certainly correct. Top scorers in bold were also the top scorers in Hibernian's division that season. Records of local competitions, such as the East of Scotland Shield, are not included. Seasons Key P = Played W = Games won D = Games drawn L = Games lost F = Goals for A = Goals against Pts = Points Pos = Final position 2 = Scottish Football League Division Two 1 = Scottish Football League Division One A = Scottish Football League Division A Premier = Scottish Football League Premier Division First = Scottish Football League First Division SPL = Scottish Premier League SP = Scottish Premiership SC = Scottish Championship EC = European Cup ICFC = Inter-Cities Fairs Cup ECWC = European Cup Winners' Cup UC = UEFA Cup UEL = UEFA Europa League ECL = UEFA Europa Conference League IC = UEFA Intertoto Cup DNE = Did not enter DNQ = Did not qualify NE = Not Eligible QR1 = First qualifying round QR2 = Second qualifying round QR3 = Third qualifying round PO = Play-off round R1 = Round 1 R2 = Round 2 R3 = Round 3 R4 = Round 4 R5 = Round 5 R6 = Round 6 Quarter = Quarter-finals Semi = Semi-finals Final = Runners-up Colour coding Notes References Sources External links Scottish Cup Archive League Cup Archive Scotland – List of Topscorers Seasons Hibernian Seasons
2092639	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joshua%20Seney	Joshua Seney	Joshua Seney (March 4, 1756 – October 20, 1798) was an American farmer and lawyer from Queen Anne's County, Maryland. He represented the state of Maryland in the Continental Congress, and the second district of Maryland in the House of Representatives. Early life Joshua was born to John Seney (1730–1795) and Ruth (née Benton) Seney in 1756 on the family farm near Church Hill in the Province of Maryland. His grandfather, Solomon, was a French Huguenot refugee who arrived in Maryland around 1727. By the time Joshua was born the family were prosperous farmers and planters. He was educated in local schools and then attended the College of Philadelphia (now the University of Pennsylvania), graduating in 1773. Career After Seney was admitted to the bar, he confined himself to a private practice. In 1779, he served as the High Sheriff of Queen Anne's County, Maryland. Continental Congress During the early days of the Revolutionary War Seney busied himself with the care of the family's farms since his father was active as a Lt. Colonel in the militia. He was appointed the sheriff of Queen Anne's County in 1779. He was elected to the Maryland state House of Delegates, and served there from 1785 to 1787. In 1788, Seney was sent as a delegate to the Continental Congress. United States Congress After returning to his farm, Seney was again called to political service when he was elected to the First United States Congress in 1789. He was re-elected for the 1791–1793 term as an Anti-Administration candidate but resigned from Congress on December 6, 1792, to take up his new duties as a judge of the state court for the district of Baltimore. He served as Chief Justice of the Third Judicial District of Maryland from 1792 to 1796. In 1798, Seney ran for Congress again as a Republican. He defeated the incumbent Federalist, William Hindman but died before taking office. Personal life Seney was married to Frances "Fanny" Nicholson (1771–1851) of the prominent Nicholson family of Maryland. Fanny was the daughter of Commodore James Nicholson and was the sister of Catherine "Kitty" Nicholson (wife of William Few), Hannah Nicholson (wife of Albert Gallatin), James Witter Nicholson (husband of Ann Griffin, daughter of Isaac Griffin), Maria Nicholson (wife of John Montgomery), and Jehoiadden Nicholson (wife of James Chrystie). Together, Joshua and Fanny were the parents of: Joshua Seney Jr. (1793–1854), who married Ann Ebert (1803–1879), the parents of Judge Henry William Seney. Seney died at home on October 20, 1798, and was buried in a family plot on his farm near Church Hill in Queen Anne's County. His grave can now be found in the churchyard of St. Luke's Church. References External links \|- 1756 births 1798 deaths 18th-century American legislators American lawyers admitted to the practice of law by reading law Continental Congressmen from Maryland Democratic-Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Maryland Elected officials who died without taking their seats Farmers from Maryland Maryland sheriffs Members of the Maryland House of Delegates People from Queen Anne's County, Maryland University of Pennsylvania alumni
63039001	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan%20Gillman	Jonathan Gillman	Jonathan Ernest "John" Gillman (born 7 February 1935) is an Australian sports shooter. He competed in the men's 50 metre free pistol event at the 1976 Summer Olympics. References 1935 births Living people Australian male sport shooters Olympic shooters for Australia Shooters at the 1976 Summer Olympics People from Kerang Sportsmen from Victoria (state)
13666011	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miss%20Venezuela%201981	Miss Venezuela 1981	Miss Venezuela 1981 was the 28th Miss Venezuela pageant, was held in Caraballeda, Vargas state, Venezuela, on May 7, 1981, after weeks of events. The winner of the pageant was Irene Sáez, Miss Miranda. The pageant was broadcast live on Venevision from the Macuto Sheraton Hotel in Caraballeda, Vargas state. At the conclusion of the final night of competition, outgoing titleholder Maye Brandt, crowned Irene Sáez of Miranda as the new Miss Venezuela. Sáez, and Pilin León, that year's first runner-up, would later go on to become Miss Universe 1981 and Miss World 1981, respectively, marking the first time ever for Venezuela to win both major international beauty pageants in the same year. Results Placements Special awards Miss Photogenic (voted by press reporters) - Irene Sáez (Miss Miranda) Miss Congeniality - Maricel Aizpúrua (Miss Amazonas) Miss Elegance - Miúrica Yánez (Miss Bolívar) Miss Amity - Miúrica Yánez (Miss Bolívar) Contestants The Miss Venezuela 1981 delegates are: Miss Amazonas - Maricel Aizpúrua Laguna Miss Apure - Norys Cristina Silva Correa Miss Aragua - Carmen Josefina (Pilin) León Crespo Miss Barinas - Mariela Pérez Rodríguez Miss Bolívar - Miúrica Yánez Callender Miss Carabobo - Diana Mercedes Iturriza Rondón Miss Departamento Vargas - Irama Muñoz Silva Miss Distrito Federal - Miriam Sagrario Quintana Quintana Miss Falcón - Leonor Fernández Páez Miss Guárico - Rosana Mangieri Carmeniu † Miss Lara - Ursula Elena Remien Schuchard Miss Mérida - Marle Yajaira Broccolo Castro Miss Miranda - Irene Lailín Sáez Conde Miss Monagas - Yesenia Maurera Miss Portuguesa - Olga Martínez Miss Sucre - Zulay Lorenzo Miss Táchira - Dulce Leonor Porras Miss Trujillo - Hodalys Pavía † Miss Zulia - Ana Verónica Muñoz Blum External links Miss Venezuela official website 1981 beauty pageants 1981 in Venezuela
3230497	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th%20Canadian%20Parliament	19th Canadian Parliament	The 19th Canadian Parliament was in session from 16 May 1940, until 16 April 1945. The membership was set by the 1940 federal election on 26 March 1940, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1945 election. It was controlled by a Liberal Party majority under Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King and the 16th Canadian Ministry. The Official Opposition was the so-called "National Government" party (the name which the Conservatives ran under in the 1940 election), led in the House by Richard Hanson and Gordon Graydon consecutively as the three successive national leaders of the party, Robert Manion, Arthur Meighen and John Bracken did not have seats in the House of Commons. With the selection of Bracken as national leader in December 1942, the party became known as the Progressive Conservatives. The Speaker was James Allison Glen. See also List of Canadian electoral districts 1933-1947 for a list of the ridings in this parliament. There were six sessions of the 19th Parliament: List of members Following is a full list of members of the nineteenth Parliament listed first by province, then by electoral district. Electoral districts denoted by an asterisk (*) indicates that district was represented by two members. Alberta British Columbia Manitoba New Brunswick Nova Scotia Ontario Prince Edward Island Quebec Saskatchewan Yukon By-elections References Canadian parliaments 1940 establishments in Canada 1945 disestablishments in Canada 1940 in Canada 1941 in Canada 1942 in Canada 1943 in Canada 1944 in Canada 1945 in Canada
22909482	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corula	Corula	Corula is a monotypic moth genus in the family Geometridae. Its only species, Corula geometroides, the ash-grey geometrid, is found in Australia. Both the genus and species were first described by Francis Walker in 1856. References Nacophorini Monotypic moth genera
35119561	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotty%20Finds%20a%20Home	Scotty Finds a Home	Scotty Finds a Home is a 1935 reel animated cartoon directed by Burt Gillett and produced for RKO Radio Pictures, which was later re-released by Walter O. Gutlohn Inc. Plot A young anthropomorphic kitten wants a pet. He happens to find a Scottish Terrier with no owner and takes him in. When the dog, now named "Scotty" tracks mud into the house, the kitten's grandmother says that her grandson cannot keep him. Scotty is thrown out of the house. After some time, a transient bulldog is walking by as the kitten's grandmother puts a pie in the window sill to cool. He barges into the house and terrorizes the family, demanding they feed him. Scotty rushes back to the house and saves the family; Grandma decides that they can keep him after all. References External links 1930s American animated films 1930s English-language films 1935 animated films 1935 short films American animated short films Animated films about cats Animated films about dogs Films directed by Burt Gillett RKO Pictures animated short films RKO Pictures short films
39797803	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borska%20Reka%20mine	Borska Reka mine	The Borska Reka mine is a large copper mine located in the east of Serbia in Bor District. Borska Reka represents one of the largest copper reserve in Serbia and in the world having estimated reserves of 1 billion tonnes of ore grading 0.53% copper. The mine also has gold reserves amounting to 4.4 million oz and 36.3 million oz of silver. See also RTB Bor References Copper mines in Serbia
24919208	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/When%20It%27s%20Springtime%20in%20Alaska%20%28It%27s%20Forty%20Below%29	When It's Springtime in Alaska (It's Forty Below)	"When It's Springtime in Alaska (It's Forty Below)" is a 1959 single by Johnny Horton, written by Tillman Franks and released through Columbia Records. The single was Johnny Horton's sixth release on the country chart and the first of three number ones on the country chart. The single spent twenty-three weeks on the chart. The song was a marginally successful crossover, reaching #85 on the Music Vendor Pop Top 100. The song takes place in Fairbanks, Alaska in the springtime. The narrator/singer is a prospector making a trip to Fairbanks after two years in the wilderness; he decides to visit a saloon and hears "redheaded Lil" singing the title words. He and Lil spend the evening dancing, but the singer is unaware that Lil is "Big Ed's wife-to-be." Big Ed discovers the two dancing and throws his knife at the singer, who predicts that he will not survive his wound: "When it's springtime in Alaska, I'll be six feet below." The lyrics say the temperature outside is . While it is very rare for the temperature to actually be that low in the springtime in Fairbanks, it has happened. A low temperature of was recorded at the Fairbanks International Airport on March 30, 1970. The coldest time of the year in Fairbanks is around January 13 of each year, with night-time low temperatures at this time averaging around and daytime high temperatures averaging around . The coldest-ever low temperature recorded there was , on December 28 and 29, 1961. A temperature of was recorded in Fairbanks on January 14, 1934. References 1959 singles Johnny Horton songs Columbia Records singles 1959 songs Murder ballads Songs about Alaska Song articles with missing songwriters
53005230	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egesina%20fujiwarai	Egesina fujiwarai	Egesina fujiwarai is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Toyoshima in 1999. References Egesina Beetles described in 1999
13553209	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Fugs%20%28album%29	The Fugs (album)	The Fugs is a 1966 album by The Fugs, described in their AllMusic profile as "arguably the first underground rock group of all time". The album charted number 95 on Billboard's "Top Pop Albums" chart. The album was re-released on CD in 1993 as The Fugs Second Album on the Fantasy label with five additional tracks: two live performances and three tracks recorded for Atlantic in 1967 for an album that was never released. In its review of the re-release, AllMusic finds them "very ahead of their time lyrically" and compares them to the punk band Dead Kennedys, both lyrically and in their shared "weakness for crude humor". In 2003, David Bowie included it in a list of 25 of his favourite albums, "Confessions of a Vinyl Junkie". History After the release of their first album on Folkways Records, The Fugs signed a contract allowing ESP-Disk to publish its material in exchange for usage of an Off-Broadway theater as practice space and what Fugs' frontman Ed Sanders describes as "one of the lower percentages in the history of western civilization. While finding the contract binding and disadvantageous in many ways, The Fugs were pleased with the opportunity to work with and at the studio of Richard Alderson, who allowed them to experiment with his state-of-the-art equipment. The album was produced over a four-week period through January and February 1966 at the same time that the band was performing weekly at the Astor Place Playhouse and making television appearances with David Susskind and Les Crane. The band's controversial lyrics and stage antics allegedly attracted the attention of the FBI and New York City fire and building inspectors and eventually resulted in their being banned from Astor Place Playhouse. According to Sanders, the FBI's final report of its investigation of the band concluded that "The Fugs is a group of musicians who perform in NYC. They are considered to be beatniks and free thinkers, i.e., free love, free use of narcotics, etc. .... it is recommended that this case be placed in a closed status since the recording is not considered to be obscene." Sanders jokes that "If we'd only known about this, we could have put a disclaimer on the record, 'Ruled NOT obscene by the FBI!'" Track listing Personnel Performance John Anderson – bass guitar, vocals Lee Crabtree – piano, celeste, bells Pete Kearney – guitar Betsy Klein – vocals Tuli Kupferberg – maracas, tambourine, vocals Vinny Leary – bass, guitar Ed Sanders – vocals Ken Weaver – conga, drums, vocals Production Richard Alderson – engineer Bill Beckman – cover design Allen Ginsberg – liner notes Jim Nelson – photography References The Fugs albums 1966 albums ESP-Disk albums Albums produced by Ed Sanders
29016413	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sky%20Atlantic	Sky Atlantic	Sky Atlantic is a British pay television channel owned by Sky Group Limited broadcast in the United Kingdom and Ireland. The channel is primarily dedicated to imported programmes from the United States, and holds the domestic rights to HBO programming until 2025 (this does not cover HBO Max Original programming). It also broadcasts many original British produced Sky dramas. It is exclusively available on the Sky satellite TV platform (including Sky Go) and Sky's Now TV platform. Unlike the other channels from Sky Group, Sky Atlantic is not on Virgin Media. Additionally, the channel's programmes are not simulcast on Sky Showcase. Sky Deutschland broadcasts a German-language version of the channel in Germany and Austria, while Sky Italia broadcasts an Italian-language version of the channel in Italy. Their programming is also dominated by HBO and Showtime series, usually dubbed in the domestic language. The Italian channel also premieres Sky Originals produced in the country, like The Young Pope and Gomorrah. Background Sky Atlantic launched on 1 February 2011 on Sky in the United Kingdom and Ireland. Separated channels with the same name operate in Germany, Austria and Italy. Sky Atlantic is available in both standard definition and high definition, the latter on Sky Atlantic HD. Stuart Murphy extended his responsibilities to become director of programmes for Sky One, Sky Two, Pick and Sky Atlantic. On 5 May 2011, Elaine Pyke, the head of drama at Sky, was promoted to director of Sky Atlantic, reporting to Murphy. Programmes on the channel are also offered to Sky customers via on-demand channels including the On Demand and Sky Go services and Now TV. Both BT TV and Virgin Media had held talks with Sky over the new channel but have been unable to agree a carriage deal, in Virgin's case due to pricing. It was announced on 25 October 2010 that Sky Atlantic would launch on Sky channel 108, which was previously occupied by Sky 3. Sky Atlantic also utilises the HD swap bouquet system developed by Sky, which switches SD channels with HD channels for HD Pack subscribers, meaning Sky Atlantic HD is on channel 108 and the standard definition version appears on channel 808. Sky Atlantic +1 A one-hour timeshift of Sky Atlantic started broadcasting on 20 September 2012 on channel 173. It moved to channel 170 on 9 June 2015 as part of a reshuffle which also included the closure of Sky 3D, Sky Livingit becoming Real Lives and Sky Arts 1 and Sky Arts 2 merging to become simply Sky Arts. It moved to channel 217 on 18 July 2017 as part of the Sky Sports reshuffle which included Sky Sports Mix moving to entertainment, and again to 208 on 1 May 2018 as part of Sky's major EPG reshuffle due to Sky Atlantic being channel 108. Sky Atlantic VIP Sky Atlantic VIP was a rewards channel for subscribers of Sky TV who had been with Sky for 2 or more years and for subscribers who had the Sky Original Bundle (later Sky Entertainment pack, then Sky Signature pack). The HD version also required the HD pack in the UK and the Sky Box Sets pack in Ireland. The channel only broadcast brand new episodes of a popular show a week or so before being shown on the main Sky Atlantic channel. An example of this is when episodes of Riviera were shown first on Sky Atlantic VIP, then a week or so later on Sky Atlantic. Sky Atlantic VIP was under Sky VIP's "See-It-First" offer. Sky VIP is a rewards programme for long-term Sky subscribers. When the channel was not broadcasting a brand new episode of a programme, the channel was off-air resulting in the channel being on-air only for a few hours per week. The channel only broadcast adverts for programmes on Sky channels. The SD version was on Sky channel 994 with the HD version on channel 995. The channel closed on 12 June 2019. Current programming Drama Comedy Upcoming programming Drama Former programming Drama Comedy Unscripted Co-productions Acquired programming Sky Atlantic relies heavily on screenings of US television programmes, with more than 50% of all programming coming from HBO. Although the channel mainly screens dramas, blocks in the channel's schedule are dedicated to comedies and movies. The launch of Sky Atlantic in 2011 followed the broadcaster's £150m, five-year deal to buy exclusive UK and Irish TV rights to HBO's entire archive, new HBO programming and a first-look deal on all co-productions. Although it has been renewed since, the exclusivity deal with HBO is currently set to expire by the end of 2025, allowing for the launch of HBO Max in the UK, Ireland, Germany, Austria and Italy. In January 2016, Sky expanded the acquired programming on Atlantic after purchasing the exclusive rights to Showtime programming; however, Sky Atlantic does not broadcast all Showtime programmes, as some series would later air on Channel 4. The exclusivity deal with Showtime expired in December 2021, with future series becoming exclusive to Paramount+. Starting in 2020, select HBO Max programming would also be acquired. HBO programming Angels In America Ballers Band Of BrothersBarry (seasons 1–2)Big Little LiesBig LoveBoardwalk EmpireBored to DeathThe BrinkCampingCarnivàle The Comeback (season 2) Curb Your Enthusiasm (season 9) Crashing The Deuce Divorce Enlightened Entourage (seasons 7–8) Euphoria Funny or Die Presents Game of Thrones The Gilded Age Girls Hello Ladies Here and Now High Maintenance House of the Dragon How to Make It in America The Idol I Know This Much Is True Insecure (seasons 1–3) In Treatment John AdamsIrma VepThe Last of UsLast Week Tonight with John Oliver (seasons 3–6)The LeftoversLookingLovecraft CountryLuckMare of EasttownMildred PierceMosaicThe NeversThe NewsroomThe Night OfOlive KitteridgeThe OutsiderThe PacificPerry MasonThe Plot Against AmericaReal Time with Bill Maher (seasons 14–17)Room 104Scenes from a MarriageSharp ObjectsShow Me a HeroSilicon ValleySix Feet UnderThe Sopranos Succession Tell Me You Love Me The Time Traveler's Wife Togetherness Treme True Detective True BloodThe UndoingVeepVice PrincipalsVinylWatchmenWe Own This CityWestworldWhite House PlumbersThe White LotusWinning Time: The Rise of the Lakers DynastyThe Wire HBO Max programming Julia Raised By Wolves The Staircase Showtime programming The Affair American Rust (season 1) Billions Black Monday (season 1) City on a Hill (seasons 1–2) The Comey Rule Dexter: New Blood Dice Escape at Dannemora The Good Lord Bird Happyish House of Lies I'm Dying Up Here Kidding The Loudest Voice The L Word: Generation Q (seasons 1–2) Nurse Jackie (seasons 3–7) Penny Dreadful: City of Angels Ray Donovan SMILF Twin Peaks: The Return White Famous Yellowjackets (season 1) Your Honor (season 1) Most watched programmes The following is a list of the ten most watched programmes on Sky Atlantic (all of them being episodes of Game of Thrones), based on Live +7 data supplied by BARB up to 20 May 2019. The number of viewers does not include repeats or Irish ratings. Additionally, all of these episodes were the most viewed programme of the week on non-terrestrial television in the UK. Game of Thrones is Sky's most popular show. Notes References External links Sky television channels Television channels and stations established in 2011 2011 establishments in the United Kingdom English-language television stations in the United Kingdom Television channels in the United Kingdom
32874708	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007%E2%80%9308%20Irish%20Ice%20Hockey%20League%20season	2007–08 Irish Ice Hockey League season	The 2007-08 Irish Ice Hockey League season was the first season of the Irish Ice Hockey League, the top level of ice hockey in Ireland. Five teams participated in the league, and the Dundalk Bulls won the championship. Regular season Playoffs Semifinals Dundalk Bulls 26 - Latvian Hawks 4 Dublin Rams 4 - Flyers IHC 1 Final Dundalk Bulls 6 - Dublin Rams 3 External links Season on SFRP's Hockey Archive Irish Ice Hockey League seasons Irish ice hockey ice hockey
28176057	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyppolit%2C%20the%20Butler	Hyppolit, the Butler	Hyppolit, the Butler () is a 1931 black-and-white Hungarian film comedy of manners about an upwardly mobile family hiring a butler who previously worked for aristocratic families. It was the second full sound film produced in Hungary, and at first it generated little interest (due to the flop of the first sound movie The Blue Idol, also in 1931) but later became a favorite and is still a beloved oldie. The film was chosen to be part of the New Budapest Twelve, a list of Hungarian films considered the best in 2000. The film was shot at the Hunnia Film Studios in Budapest. The screenplay was written by prolific Hungarian screenwriter Károly Nóti AKA Karl Noti, based on a stage play by István Zágon. It was directed by Székely István AKA Steve Sekely, who earlier worked in Germany and later worked in Hollywood and Great Britain. The music was composed by Mihály Eisemann. It was remade in 1999 as Hippolyt, a lakáj (with the y and the i interchanged). Plot Mátyás Schneider (Gyula Kabos) is a typical parvenu, an ignorant transportation entrepreneur who has become very rich quickly. Despite their humble origins, his wife (Mici Haraszti) strives to live a 'sophisticated' and 'aristocratic' lifestyle. When she engages a butler, Hyppolit (Gyula Csortos) - who was an educated man, and who has served in the household of a late count for 27 years and traveled around the world with the late Count - their whole life is turned upside down: Schneider has to shave off his mustache, wear a dinner suit for dinner and eat French food instead of his beloved onions and roasted goose, while his wife is bullied by the butler into engaging in gymnastics and a rather meagre diet. In the meantime, the Schneiders' spirited daughter, Terka (Éva Fenyvessy), falls for their good-looking manager, the former driver István Benedek (Pál Jávor), who keeps secret that he is in fact an engineer with a college diploma. Her mother, however, would prefer the good-natured, but quite stupid Makáts (Gyula Gózon) as a suitor, because Makáts's uncle (Sándor Góth), a city councillor, may help them to get a lucrative contract. Things begin to turn upside down, when Schneider follows Hyppolit's suggestions to start dating Mimi (Mici Erdélyi), a singer and dancer at a sleazy night club. When he fails to show up at a date with her, the girl enters the Schneiders' villa, where a dinner party with important guests - including Makáts's uncle - is taking place, and causes a scandal. Meanwhile, Terka follows her own plans to get the man she wants... Cast Gyula Csortos as Hyppolit Gyula Kabos as Mátyás Schneider Mici Haraszti as Schneider's Wife Éva Fenyvessy as Terka, Schneider's Daughter Gyula Gózon as Makáts, Terka's suitor Mici Erdélyi as Mimi, a Night Club Dancer Pál Jávor as István Benedek Sándor Góth as City Councillor Ernõ Szenes as Tóbiás Marcsa Simon as Julcsa Jenő Herczeg István Bársony Lajos Gárdonyi Ferenc Pázmán Andor Sárossy Elvira Horváth as Physical Instructor Zoltán Makláry László Rehberger as Cook Gusztáv Vándory Subsequent history The film was shown again in Hungarian cinemas in 1945, 1956 and 1972. It is also shown regularly on the small screen and is still popular with viewers. Almost eighty years after its premiere, in 2008, the original film was digitally restored by the Hungarian National Film Archive. The restored version erroneously awarded director Sekely a writing credit that does not appear in either the original film titles or in any subsequent documentation. It has been released on DVD and Blu-ray. Notes External links 1933 review in The New York Times http://easterneuroepeanfilms.blogspot.com/2011_05_01_archive.html 1931 films 1931 comedy films Hungarian black-and-white films 1930s Hungarian-language films Films directed by Steve Sekely Hungarian multilingual films Hungarian comedy films 1931 multilingual films
32786968	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melvin%20Endsley	Melvin Endsley	Melvin Endsley (January 30, 1934 – August 16, 2004) was a musician, singer, and songwriter best known for writing the song "Singing the Blues", along with over 400 songs recorded by hundreds of artists since 1956. Some of the artists that have recorded his songs include Johnny Cash, Marty Robbins, Andy Williams, Paul McCartney, Stonewall Jackson, and Ricky Skaggs. At the beginning of his career, Endsley recorded including RCA and MGM, however, his vocal recordings were commercially unsuccessful. In 1998, he was inducted into the Arkansas Entertainers Hall of Fame. Early life Endsley was born in Drasco, Arkansas on January 30, 1934. When he was three years old, he contracted polio, requiring him to use a wheelchair for the rest of his life. From the age of 11, he spent three years in the Crippled Children's Hospital in Memphis. While there, he listened to country music on the radio and taught himself to play the guitar. After returning to Drasco, he began to play on radio shows. By the time he was 20 years old, his song, "It Happens Everytime", caught the attention of Don Gibson and Dorsey Burnette. Career Endsley wrote "Singing the Blues" in 1954. The following year, he took the song to Nashville's Grand Ole Opry to pitch it backstage. In 1956, Marty Robbins recorded the song, which is credited with putting Robbins on the map. Endsley's writing talents were in high demand, after Robbins's success with "Singing the Blues". The song became a number one record for Marty Robbins, Guy Mitchell, and Tommy Steele on various music genre charts. In October 1956, Guy Mitchell released "Singing the Blues", after which it spent nine weeks at No. 1 on the U.S. Billboard chart from December 8, 1956, to February 2, 1957. Mitchell's version was also No. 1 in the U.K. for three (non-consecutive) weeks in early 1957. In late 1956 and early 1957, Marty Robbins' version made it to number one on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart for 13 weeks, peaking at No. 17 on the U.S. pop charts. Additional memorable versions of "Singing the Blues" include Bill Haley & His Comets' 1960 recording, a 1963 version by Dean Martin, a 1971 version by Black Oak Arkansas, and a 1981 version by Dave Edmunds. The song also made an appearance on an episode of I Love Lucy, when it was sung by Vivian Vance and William Frawley for a Ford Motor Company television commercial promoting the Edsel. In 1991, the song was performed live by Paul McCartney on the MTV show Unplugged and included on the soundtrack, Unplugged (The Official Bootleg). Endsley had further success with the song "Love Me to Pieces", which was recorded by Jill Corey, Janis Martin, and Janet Eden in 1957. Robbins and Guy Mitchell had hits with "Knee Deep in the Blues" in 1957 and 1991. Andy Williams recorded "I Like Your Kind of Love" in 1957, while The Browns covered "I'd Just Be Fool Enough" in 1966. Other hits include "I Ain't Getting Nowhere With You" and "Bring the Blues to My Door." Endsley himself had recorded "I Like Your Kind of Love" and "I'd Just Be Fool Enough" while he was under contract with RCA 1957–58. When his contract with RCA ended, he signed with MGM for a year, followed by a two-year stint with Hickory from 1960 to 1961. He also recorded occasionally on his own record label, Mel-Ark. His last major hit, was with "Why I'm Walkin'", recorded by Stonewall Jackson in 1960. Over the course of Endsley's career, he wrote over 400 songs. Personal life Endsley married Carolyn Matthews on March 15, 1960; they had four children. References External links 1934 births 2004 deaths People from Cleburne County, Arkansas American country singer-songwriters 20th-century American singer-songwriters Singer-songwriters from Arkansas Country musicians from Arkansas
4566979	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papilio%20protenor	Papilio protenor	Papilio protenor, the spangle, is a butterfly found in India belonging to the swallowtail family. Morphology Male Upperside: velvety indigo-blue black, duller on the forewing than on the hindwing. Forewing with pale adnervular streaks broadened along the terminal margin and extended well into the cell. Hindwing: a broad pale yellowish-white subcostal streak; interspaces 4 to 6 irrorated (sprinkled) with bluish scales; tornal angle marked with red. Underside: forewing dull black; adnervular streaks distinctly grey and much broader than on the upperside. Hindwing: ground colour as on the upperside, a large irregularly-shaped patch at the tornal angle that extends into interspace 2, and subterminal lunules in interspaces 2, 6, and 7 dull pinkish-red, cell irrorated more-or-less with a sprinkling of blue scales; the tornal patch with a black, outwardly blue-edged, round medial spot, and interspaces 4 and 5 with subterminal irrorations of blue scales. Antennae black; head, thorax and abdomen dark brownish-black. Female Similar to male. Upperside: ground colour deep brownish-black; adnervular streaks on forewing yellowish; irroration of blue scales on outer portions of hindwing more dense; no white subcostal streak; red patch at tornal angle large with an oval medial black spot; another similar black spot subterminally in interspace 2 posteriorly bordered by a crescent-shaped red mark. Underside: similar to that in the male, differs in the adnervular streaks on the forewing that are broader and paler; on the hindwing the tornal red patch is paler and larger, and is extended broadly anteriorly and outwards towards the termen into interspace 2; in the latter it coalesces with a broad subterminal black-centred red ocellus; the irroration of blue scales in interspace 5 with a small subterminal red lunule below it. Antennae, head, thorax and abdomen as in the male. Sexual Dimorphism Scientists have found that between the male and female, there are higher amounts of linalool and 2,3-butanediol present in the male than in the female. The male also elicits stronger odour than female. Range Northern Pakistan, Jammu and Kashmir, Garhwal Himalaya (Govind Wildlife Sanctuary), Sikkim, Assam, Bangladesh, Burma, southern China (including Hainan), Vietnam, northern Laos, Taiwan, North Korea, South Korea and Japan.Nepal Habitat Many species of butterfly occupy only a limited range of the host plant. They utilize the plant chemicals to assess potential host plants and decide if or not to oviposit on them. Most species in the genus Papilio exclusively use rutaceous plants (rutaceae) as host plant, and Papilio protenor is a specialist. Their major host plant is citrus. Research indicates high affinity of the female for Citrus unshiu. There are various oviposition stimulants discovered, including sugar acid, amino acid, alkaloid and flavonoid. Flavanone glycosides such as naringin and hesperidin were investigated and both elicited positive responses from the female adults. Females do not oviposit on Phellodendron amurense. The avoidance is attributed to high concentration of phellamurin. Researchers have found different adaptation to different host plants between adult females and larvae. For example, females are able to oviposit on Trollius asiaticus, but larvae fail to grow on it. Also, while the female adults are not able to oviposit on Phellodendron amurense, larvae are found to be able to live on it. Papilio protenor males appear to be more site faithful than females. Status Common; not threatened. Life history Larva "Green, with a yellow collar and brown lichen-like markings. Feeds on Zanthoxylum alatum." (Mackinnon, quoted in Bingham.) Experiments have been conducted on larvae of different instars, and it is revealed that among all the different instars, there are significant differences of chemical composition of osmeterial secretion between the 5th instar and all the previous instars. 5th larvae secretion is mainly aliphatic acid and their esters, while the previous instars contain primarily mono- and sesquiterpenoids. Scientists suspect that these differences are associated with the colouration of the 4th larval ecdysis. Pupa "Some pupae are coloured like rough bark, others are uniformly green." (Mackinnon, quoted in Bingham.) There are two colour-types in Papilio butterflies, green and brown. Pupae that grow on green-coloured branches are always green, while those that live on dead branches are brown in colour. Light condition does not seem to affect this relation. The green pigment is described as a "insectoverdin" type, which means it is a mixture of yellow and blue chromoproteins. The chemical compounds separated from the green pupae (e.g., beta-carotene and lutein) were not found in the brown pupae; however, the bile pigment from the blue chromoprotein was found in the brown pupae, but with a lower percentage than in the green ones. Papilio species' pupal colour is determined generally by their surrounding environment. There are physical factors such as pupal width and texture, and external factors such as humidity and food. Research indicates that there is not one major determinant, but the colouration is due to reciprocal balance of all sorts of environmental stimuli. Cultural references In March 1987 North Korea issued a postage stamp depicting Papilio protenor. See also Papilionidae List of butterflies of India List of butterflies of India (Papilionidae) References Fauna of Pakistan protenor Butterflies of Indochina Taxa named by Pieter Cramer Butterflies described in 1775
22615520	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans%20Atlantic%20Consumer%20Dialogue	Trans Atlantic Consumer Dialogue	The Transatlantic Consumer Dialogue was founded in 1998 as a forum for transatlantic discussions on Intellectual rights, Internet society, and food between and among consumer organizations in the United States and European Union. Members include The European Consumers' Organisation, the American Civil Liberties Union, Electronic Frontier Foundation, Privacy International, Consumers Union and Consumer Federation of America The Transatlantic Consumer Dialogue holds a conference once a year, alternately in U.S.A and the EU Some activities have been funded by Open Society Institute. References External links Privacy organizations Politics and technology
63805675	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rita%20de%20Luna	Rita de Luna	Rita de Luna (born 1 September 1929) is a Guatemalan equestrian. She competed in the individual eventing at the 1976 Summer Olympics. References 1929 births Living people Guatemalan female equestrians Olympic equestrians for Guatemala Equestrians at the 1976 Summer Olympics Place of birth missing (living people)
52494763	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DSC-QX100	DSC-QX100	The Sony Cyber-shot DSC-QX100 is a mobile device-mountable lens-style compact camera manufactured by Sony. Announced on September 3, 2014, the QX100 is one of Sony's "Smart Lens" cameras, alongside the QX1, QX10 and QX30, that are specifically designed to be used with a smartphone. Its highlight features are its 1-inch (13.2 x 8.8 mm) backside-illuminated Exmor R CMOS sensor taken straight from the Sony RX100 II premium compact camera, with 20.2 megapixels, ƒ/1.8 to ƒ/4.9 Carl ZEISS® Vario-Sonnar T* lens and a 3.6x (28–100 mm) optical zoom. Like the other Sony Smart Lens cameras, it is Wi-Fi-controlled using an Android or iOS device though the downloadable Imaging Edge (formerly PlayMemories) Mobile application, utilizing the device's screen as its viewfinder and camera controls while also serving as additional storage medium via its integrated wireless file transfer feature. Specifications Technical specifications See also Sony QX series Sony Cyber-shot Sony DSC-QX10 Sony DSC-QX30 List of large sensor fixed-lens cameras References Sony products Cameras introduced in 2014
63068255	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia%20Walker	Virginia Walker	Virginia May Walker Hawks (July 31, 1908 – December 23, 1946) was an American model and film actress. Born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, she studied Japanese art at the School of the Museum of Fine Arts and pursued a modeling career in national magazine advertisements, through which she was spotted by a Universal Pictures scout and signed to a film contract. Upon arriving in Hollywood, she met filmmaker Howard Hawks, who negotiated her release from Universal and signed her to a personal contract. She made her film debut in Hawks's Bringing Up Baby (1938), and the following year married Hawks's brother William. After their 1942 divorce, she appeared in four more feature film roles, three of them uncredited, for 20th Century Fox. Early life and education Virginia May Walker was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, on July 31, 1908. She was the only daughter of William Homer Walker (1869–1912), a local attorney, and Eva M. Walker (née Perry), originally from Paris. She had two older brothers. Walker grew up in Boston and Cambridge; the family vacationed in Miami, Florida, during the winters. At age 10, Walker moved to Miami and eventually graduated from Miami High School. She returned to Boston to study Japanese art at the School of the Museum of Fine Arts, with a specialty in Japanese prints. She was a member of the Junior League of Boston. Early work Walker began modeling in national magazine advertisements for various companies, including a car manufacturer and a garment designer. She performed in amateur stage productions in Brookline, including dramatic plays staged by the Harvard Dramatic Club and comedies produced by the Hasty Pudding Club. Additionally, she created a skin care product which she manufactured in her home kitchen. Film career In 1935, Walker responded to a call for "new faces" by Hollywood filmmaker Cecil B. DeMille, who sought a new actress for his production of Samson and Delilah. DeMille received 3,000 entries from around the country and chose Walker's picture together with five others for further consideration. She was ultimately not chosen for a screen test, but in June 1937, a Universal Pictures scout saw Walker's picture in a magazine advertisement for a soap product, signed her to a contract, and brought her to Hollywood. Before the studio cast her in a film, however, Walker and a friend went to visit executives at RKO Pictures, including director Howard Hawks. Hawks recognized Walker from her magazine advertisements and wanted her to work for him. He negotiated Walker's release from Universal and signed her to a personal contract. She was one of the first actresses whom Hawks signed to a personal contract, and was loaned to RKO to appear in Hawks's 1938 film Bringing Up Baby. Walker made her film debut playing Alice Swallow, the fiancée of Cary Grant's character. She put aside her screen career upon her marriage in 1938, but resumed it after her 1942 divorce. In the second part of her career, she signed with 20th Century Fox and played bit roles in four films, three of them uncredited. In 1945 she was signed to appear with James Dunn in Command to Embezzle, a drama film that was ultimately shelved. Personal life Walker married film producer William Hawks, brother of Howard Hawks, in June 1938 in Mexico. It was the second marriage for Hawks. The couple divorced in October 1942 in Reno, Nevada. Walker died on December 23, 1946, after a months-long illness and a surgical procedure at Cedars-Sinai Hospital in Los Angeles. A requiem mass was held for her at the Church of the Good Shepherd in Beverly Hills. Filmography Sources: References Sources External links 1908 births 1946 deaths American film actresses School of the Museum of Fine Arts at Tufts alumni Actresses from Cambridge, Massachusetts 20th-century American actresses Members of the Junior League
51229511	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make%20Votes%20Matter	Make Votes Matter	Make Votes Matter is a political pressure group based in the United Kingdom which campaigns for replacing the first-past-the-post voting system with one of proportional representation for elections to the British House of Commons. Overview Make Votes Matter is "the cross-party campaign to introduce Proportional Representation to the House of Commons, led by democratically-organised activists in a united movement for electoral reform." It was co-founded by Owen Winter, Klina Jordan and other activists. It advocates for the replacement of the first-past-the-post currently used for elections to the House of Commons. Make Votes Matter advocates a proportional representation system (in line with the rest of Europe), campaigning for it based on the principles established in the Make Votes Matter Declaration. These are that a voting system should ensure: That those who are entitled to vote have a vote that counts, and counts equally – no matter who they vote for, or where they live; That the share of seats a party gets should closely reflect the share of votes the people give them. The pressure group favours replacing the current voting system in the UK (First Past the Post), with a system of proportional representation where each vote individually counts and correlates to seats in parliament. Activities In the weeks following the 2015 general election a number of online petitions calling for electoral reform emerged, coordinated by individuals and organisations such as the Electoral Reform Society and Unlock Democracy. These petitions received over 477,000 signatures and were delivered to 10 Downing Street by a cross-party group of politicians. Through these petitions, a group of activists formed to continue campaigning for proportional representation. In February 2016, Make Votes Matter organised a cross-party summit to discuss how to achieve a reformed voting system attended by politicians including Chuka Umunna and Natalie Bennett. In May 2016, the organisation orchestrated an open letter to then Leader of the Labour Party, Jeremy Corbyn, signed by 7 MPs and over 10,000 members of the public, including 2,000 Labour members. Most recently, the campaign has orchestrated national days of action for Proportional Representation such as Hungry for Democracy on 6 February 2018 in which 407 people joined a 24-hour "hunger strike". Those that took part in the day of action included public figures, MEPs, and MPs such as Stephen Kinnock. Later on in 2018, the campaign organised a nationwide day of action - Demand Democracy Day - on 30 June as a prelude to the inaugural Cabinet Office-organised National Democracy Week. The action day saw volunteers organise events in over 60 towns and cities across the UK from Truro to Aberdeen. Make Votes Matter is supported by an alliance of organisations and individuals that have endorsed the 'Make Votes Matter Declaration'. This includes the Green Party of England and Wales, the Liberal Democrats, Plaid Cymru, the Scottish National Party and UKIP as well as ex-Shadow Chancellor John McDonnell, Michael Sheen, Frankie Boyle, the Electoral Reform Society and others. Labour for a New Democracy In September 2020, Make Votes Matter joined with other pressure groups and Labour MPs to launch Labour for a New Democracy, a campaign to "build support for UK electoral reform in Labour with the aim of changing party policy by the time its next conference takes place". According to polling by YouGov in December 2019 three-quarters of Labour members believe the party should commit to supporting proportional representation and adopt it as a policy. A YouGov poll in April 2021 suggested 62% of Labour Party voters support proportional representation. A later poll by YouGov in September 2021 suggested this number had risen to 66% of Labour Party voters supporting proportional representation. A poll in July 2021 of almost 1,000 Labour Party members resulted in 83% saying they believed the party should back proportional representation. As of 4 June 2022, 334 constituency Labour parties (CLPs) had passed policy in favour of proportional representation. This works out as a majority of the 648 total CLPs, of which it passed the majority mark in December 2021. A motion to support proportional representation was rejected at the September 2021 Labour Party conference. Over 150 constituency Labour parties (CLPs) voted to send motions on proportional representation to conference and it was the second most popular issue for the conference. 79.51% of constituency Labour Party delegates backed the motion, while 95.03% of affiliates – almost entirely comprising unions – voted against. This led to an overall result of 42.24% in favour of the motion and 57.76% opposed. Labour for a New Democracy responded saying "Our task now is to bring on board the leadership and wider Labour movement." On 21 September 2022, it was announced that 370 CLPs were in support of proportional representation, equating to approximately 60% of all CLPs in the UK. On 26 September 2022, Labour Party members and trade unions voted in favour of ending the first-past-the-post electoral system and replacing it with a proportional electoral system at the Labour Party's annual conference in Liverpool. However, the motion is not binding. The motion was submitted to the Labour Party conference by approximately 140 local Labour Party groups. Since the party's previous conference in 2021, more trade unions including the two largest in Unite and Unison have voted among themselves to embrace support for proportional representation. However, Labour Party leader Keir Starmer has said that electoral reform is not a priority and ruled out putting electoral reform in the Labour Party's next election manifesto. The decision by Keir Starmer has received criticism from multiple figures within the party, including Mayor of Greater Manchester, Andy Burnham, former Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer, John McDonnell, and Neal Lawson who chairs and helped set up the Labour affiliated think tank Compass. See also Chartists Electoral reform in the United Kingdom Electoral Reform Society History of suffrage in the United Kingdom Labour Campaign for Electoral Reform Suffragettes Take Back Parliament Unlock Democracy References External links Official website 2015 establishments in the United Kingdom Electoral reform in the United Kingdom Political organisations based in the United Kingdom
11308591	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20Bierman	Robert Bierman	Robert Bierman is an English film and television director. He began his career directing commercials and short films before making the transition to directing feature films and television dramas. Bierman was originally scheduled to direct The Fly (1986), but due to personal tragedy was unable to commit to the project. In 1989 he directed Vampire's Kiss. He has directed episodes of Waking the Dead, The Inspector Lynley Mysteries, The Bill and Holby City. He has three children from his first marriage and three daughters from his second marriage to Saskia Wickham. Filmography as director The Dumb Waiter (1979) The Rocking Horse Winner (1983) Apology (1986) Vampire's Kiss (1989) The Moonstone (1996) Keep the Aspidistra Flying (1997) The Blonde Bombshell (1999) Victoria Meets (2012) References External links British film directors British television directors Place of birth missing (living people) Year of birth missing (living people) Living people
31676598	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitby%E2%80%94Oshawa%20%28provincial%20electoral%20district%29	Whitby—Oshawa (provincial electoral district)	Whitby—Oshawa was a provincial electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that was represented in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from the 2007 provincial election until 2018. The riding was adjusted by the 2015 Representation Act for the 2018 provincial election, losing some territory to the district of Oshawa, and replaced as the district of Whitby. History The riding was created in 2003 and consists of 68 percent of the Whitby—Ajax district, 20 percent of the Oshawa district and three percent of the Durham. The provincial electoral district was created from the same ridings in 2007. It consists of the Town of Whitby and northwestern section of the City of Oshawa (specifically, the portion of the city lying north and west of a line drawn from the western city limit east along King Street West, north along the Oshawa Creek, east along Rossland Road West, north along Simcoe Street North, and east along Winchester Road East to the eastern city limit). For the 2018 election, Whitby-Oshawa was re-districted as Whitby to more closely correspond to the actual town's borders. Demographics According to the Canada 2011 Census Population: 146,307 Ethnic Groups: 81.4% White, 5.5% Black, 4.3% South Asian, 1.7% Chinese, 1.7% Filipino, 1.4% Aboriginal Languages: 85.3% English, 2.1% French, 1.5% Italian, 1.1% Chinese Religion: 71.2% Christian (32.6% Catholic, 10.3% United Church, 8.3% Anglican, 2.6% Presbyterian, 2.4% Christian Orthodox, 2.1% Baptist, 10.4% Other Christian), 2.6% Muslim, 1.4% Hindu, 23.6% No religion. Average household income: $104,969 Median household income: $89,608 Average individual income: $48,444 Median individual income: $37,099 Members of Provincial Parliament Election results 2007 electoral reform referendum References External links Elections Ontario Past Election Results Former provincial electoral districts of Ontario Politics of Oshawa Whitby, Ontario
20260683	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian%20Hansen%20Wollnick	Christian Hansen Wollnick	Christian Hansen Wollnick (8 October 1867 – 27 March 1936) was a Norwegian newspaper editor, jurist and politician for the Labour Party. He was born in Tjølling as the son of a shipmaster. He took his secondary education in Skien in 1885 and worked one year as a school teacher in Larvik. He then embarked on several parallel careers; he enrolled in the military, studied law parallel and pursued a journalistic career. As a military officer he reached the ranks of Premier Lieutenant in 1894 and Captain in 1903. He had started early as a journalist, and edited the newspaper Ørebladet from 1891 to 1892. In 1895, he graduated with the cand.jur. degree. He spent the years 1896 and 1897 as a law clerk in Trondhjem, before moving to Kristiansund N. Here, he was a solicitor from 1899 to 1904, and also edited the local newspaper Møre Tidende. He was also a deputy member of the city council for a short period. He then worked as a solicitor in Kristiania, before moving to Kristiansand S in 1909. Parallel to working as a solicitor there, he edited Sørlandets Socialdemokrat. In 1921, he was hired as police attorney. From 1929 to 1936, he served as town clerk. He was also director of the municipal cinema company, chaired the school board and the local Riksmål association. A member of the city council from 1919 to 1925, the last term in the executive committee, he was also elected to the Norwegian Parliament in 1919. He served one term, representing the Labour Party. References 1867 births 1936 deaths Members of the Storting Labour Party (Norway) politicians Politicians from Kristiansand Norwegian jurists Norwegian newspaper editors Politicians from Larvik
47781165	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Hazen%20White	John Hazen White	John Hazen White (March 10, 1849 - March 16, 1925) was an episcopal bishop in Indiana and the first bishop of Northern Indiana in The Episcopal Church. Biography White was born in Cincinnati, Ohio on March 10, 1849, the son of Moses Hazen White and Mary Miller Williams. He was educated at the public schools of Cincinnati, graduating from Woodward High in 1867. He then entered Kenyon College, from where he earned a Bachelor of Arts in 1872. In 1875, he graduated with a Bachelor of Divinity, after studying at Berkeley Divinity School. White was ordained deacon on June 4, 1875, and priest on May 28, 1876. He then became assistant rector of St Andrew's Church in Meriden, Connecticut, while in 1878 he became rector of Grace Church in Old Saybrook, Connecticut and in 1881 of Christ Church in Joliet, Illinois. He married Marie Louise Holbrook on April 23, 1879, and together had seven children. White was elected Bishop of Indiana on February 6, 1895, on the first ballot. He was consecrated on May 1, 1895, by Presiding Bishop Daniel S. Tuttle. With the creation of the Diocese of Michigan City in 1898, White was elected to serve as its first bishop, where he was installed on April 25, 1899. In 1912, he took upon himself the rectorship of St James' Church in South Bend, Indiana, a post he retained till 1920. White died in office on March 16, 1925, in Seabreeze, Florida, where he had been spending the winter. He died as a result of a heart disease, followed a period of ill health. References 1849 births 1925 deaths Kenyon College alumni Berkeley Divinity School alumni Episcopal bishops of Northern Indiana
72237209	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smisby%20lock-up	Smisby lock-up	The lock-up (or roundhouse) in Smisby, Derbyshire, England, is a village lock-up dating from the late 18th century. Such lock-ups were fairly common in England at that time and were used to hold miscreants, often drunkards, or other low-level offenders awaiting transportation to the local assizes, for short periods of time. The Smisby lock-up is built of brick and is a Grade II* listed building. History Village lock-ups date from the mediaeval period. They were commonly constructed in rural areas, some distance from local courts, prisons or police stations, where there was a need for a structure for the temporary confinement of wrongdoers. They were frequently used to house drunkards, often overnight, in order to allow them time to sober up. It is estimated that around 200 lock-ups survive in England. The Smisby lock-up dates from around 1790. It was built in response to an order from the Derbyshire Court of quarter sessions, dated January 1790, which required that, "all parishes in the county where there is not already a Round House, House of Correction, or Gaol, shall provide a place of temporary confinement for the reception of vagrants, paupers, felons and the like." The lock-up at Smisby, known locally as “The Jug”, is considered the best exemplar of the type now surviving in Derbyshire. Architecture and description Historic England dates the Smisby lock-up to the late 18th century. It is built of red brick with sandstone dressings. Clare Hartwell, in her 2016 revised volume, Derbyshire, of the Pevsner Buildings of England series, notes the pyramidal roof, topped by a ball finial. The lock-up is a Grade II* listed building. See also Listed buildings in Smisby Notes References Sources External links The Prison History Project online database of lock-ups in Britain Grade II* listed buildings in Derbyshire Prisons in Derbyshire South Derbyshire District
55427601	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans%20Schwarz%20%28athlete%29	Hans Schwarz (athlete)	Hans Schwarz (born 4 September 1924) is a Swiss hurdler. He competed in the men's 400 metres hurdles at the 1952 Summer Olympics. References External links 1924 births Possibly living people Athletes (track and field) at the 1952 Summer Olympics Swiss male hurdlers Olympic athletes for Switzerland Place of birth missing
11208575	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Templeton%20%28British%20politician%29	William Templeton (British politician)	William Paterson Templeton (8 November 1876 – 4 July 1938) was a Scottish Unionist Party politician. A native of Camlachie, Glasgow, Templeton was a wood turner by trade. Before entering Parliament, Templeton was a speaker for the Tariff Reform League and the first organising secretary of Unionist Workers' League. He contested Ross and Cromarty in 1911 and sat as Member of Parliament for Banffshire from 1924 until 1929. He was unsuccessful in Glasgow Shettleston at a 1930 by-election, and sat for Coatbridge from 1931 until 1935. In 1934, he, alongside Captain Herbert Moss MP and a former Glasgow town councillor, were convicted of contravening the Lotteries Act in connection to the Modern School of Art Union Cesarewitch draw. Sources Who Was Who External links 1876 births 1938 deaths Unionist Party (Scotland) MPs UK MPs 1924–1929 UK MPs 1931–1935 Liberal Unionist Party parliamentary candidates British woodworkers Politicians from Glasgow
46713145	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mat%C3%ADas%20Campiani	Matías Campiani	Matías Campiani is an American-educated Argentine businessman. He is a former partner of Leadgate, a private equity firm. He is also the former CEO of PLUNA, the national airline of Uruguay. Campiani was imprisoned in Uruguay without charges from December 2013 to May 2015. Gustavo Herrero, executive director of the Harvard Business School Latin American Research Center, told The New York Times that local politics were to blame for the imprisonment of Campiani and his private equity partners, stating they were “ideal scapegoats.” A Mercero Press report covering the Pluna imprisonment stated that there was a “political” side to Leadgate. According to this article, when Pluna Leadgate was launched in 2007, Agriculture Minister and future president José Mujica allegedly said: “I don’t like the looks of these cocky Argentines from Buenos Aires.” In May 2015, the Supreme Court of Uruguay took up Campiani's appeal for release from jail. He was released on May 22, 2015. No formal charges have been filed against Camipani, as of May 2016. Campiani holds a master's degree in Industrial Management from Carnegie Mellon University and a BA degree in Finance and Economics from Universidad Católica Argentina. References Carnegie Mellon University alumni Living people Argentine businesspeople Year of birth missing (living people)
53478086	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ini3%20Digital	Ini3 Digital	Ini3 Digital is an online game service provider based in Thailand. Established in 2004, it is the first Thai company to utilize the Free-to-play model and the first to import Web-browser based games into the Thai game industry. In 2005, Ini3 Digital started servicing Fly for Fun, a.k.a. Flyff, developed by Aeon Soft from South Korea. The slogan used for the game was “we want to see Thais fly” because Flyff is an MMORPG game where the in-game characters can fly. As the first service provider to use the “Free to Play” model, Ini3 also launched “Pangya” in the same year. Pangya is a Casual golf fantasy game, developed by Hanbitsoft from South Korea. From the success of servicing Pangya, Ini3 has launched more than 30 online games up to date with more than 17 million registered users. Published Games References Entertainment companies of Thailand Thai companies established in 2004
1701634	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yugoslavia%20at%20the%201980%20Summer%20Olympics	Yugoslavia at the 1980 Summer Olympics	Athletes from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia competed at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, USSR. 164 competitors, 135 men and 28 women, took part in 69 events in 17 sports. Medalists Archery In the second time the nation competed in Olympic archery, Yugoslavia again entered only one man. He came in eleventh place, missing a top eight finish by eight points. Men's Individual Competition: Zoran Matković – 2410 points (11th place) Athletics Men's 200 metres Aleksandar Popović Heat – 21.65 Quarterfinals – 21.66 (→ did not advance) Men's 400 metres Josip Alebić Heat – 47.61 Quarterfinals – 46.60 (→ did not advance) Men's 800 metres Milovan Savić Heat – 1:49.2 Semifinals – 1:47.6 (→ did not advance) Men's 1,500 metres Dragan Zdravković Heat – 3:44.0 Semifinals – 3:43.4 Final – 3:43.1 (→ 9th place) Men's 4x400 metres Relay Zeijko Knapić, Milovan Savić, Rok Kopitar, and Josip Alebić Heat – 3:05.3 (→ did not advance) Men's 110 m Hurdles Borisav Pisić Heat – 14.13 Semifinals – 14.16 (→ did not advance) Petar Vukičević Heat – 14.19 Semifinals – 14.12 (→ did not advance) Men's 400 m Hurdles Rok Kopitar Heat – 50.34 Semifinals – 50.55 Final – 49.67 (→ 5th place) Men's High Jump Vaso Komnenić Qualification – 2.21 m Final – 2.24 m (→ 6th place) Men's Long Jump Nenad Stekić Qualification – 5.75 m (→ did not advance) Men's Triple Jump Milan Spasojević Qualification – 16.48 m Final – 16.09 m (→ 10th place) Men's Shot Put Vladimir Milic Qualification – 20.56 m Final – 20.07 m (→ 8th place) Women's 1,500 metres Breda Pergar Heat – 4:13.2 (→ did not advance) Women's High Jump Lidija Benedetič Qualification – 1.80 m (→ did not advance) Basketball Boxing Men's Bantamweight (– 54 kg) Fazlija Sacirović First Round – Bye Second Round – Lost to Veli Koota (Finland) after referee stopped contest in second round Men's Featherweight (– 57 kg) Dejan Marović First Round – Bye Second Round – Defeated Miroslav Šandor (Czechoslovakia) on points (5-0) Third Round – Lost to Krzysztof Kosedowski (Poland) on points (1-4) Men's Lightweight (– 60 kg) Geza Tumbas First Round – Defeated Norman Stevens (Australia) on points (4-1) Second Round – Lost to Angel Herrera (Cuba) on points (0-5) Men's Light-Welterweight (– 63,5 kg) Ace Rusevski First Round – Defeated Margarit Anastasov (Bulgaria) on points (4-1) Second Round – Defeated Boualem Bel Alouane (Algeria) on points (5-0) Quarter Finals – Lost to Patrizio Oliva (Italy) on points (2-3) Men's Heavyweight (+ 81 kg) Aziz Salihu First Round – Lost to Piotr Zaev (Soviet Union) on points (0-5) Canoeing Cycling Four cyclists represented Yugoslavia in 1980. Individual road race Bruno Bulić Vinko Polončič Bojan Ropret Bojan Udovič Team time trial Bruno Bulić Vinko Polončič Bojan Ropret Bojan Udovič Football Men's team competition PRELIMINARY ROUND (GROUP D) July 21, 1980 Yugoslavia - Finland 2-0 (0-0) Dinamo Stadium, Minsk July 23, 1980 Yugoslavia - Costa Rica 3-2 (2-1) Dinamo Stadium, Minsk July 25, 1980 Yugoslavia - Iraq 1-1 (0-0) Dinamo Stadium, Minsk FINAL STANDINGS GROUP D: 1. Yugoslavia 3 2 1 0 ( 6- 3) 5 * 2. Iraq 3 1 2 0 ( 4- 1) 4 * 3. Finland 3 1 1 1 ( 3- 2) 3 4. Costa Rica 3 0 0 3 ( 2- 9) 0 * Qualified for quarter-finals QUARTER-FINALS July 27, 1980 Yugoslavia - Algeria 3-0 (2-0) Dinamo Stadium, Minsk SEMI-FINALS July 29, 1980 Czechoslovakia - Yugoslavia 2-0 (2-0) Dynamo Stadium, Moscow BRONZE MEDAL GAME August 1, 1980 Yugoslavia - Soviet Union 0-2 (0-0) Dynamo Stadium, Moscow Team Roster Dragan Pantelić Nikica Cukrov Ivan Gudelj Miloš Hrstić Milan Jovin Nikica Klinčarski Mišo Krstičević Dževad Šećerbegović Vladimir Matijević Ante Miročević Dušan Pešić Tomislav Ivković Boro Primorac Srebrenko Repčić Miloš Šestić Zlatko Vujović Zoran Vujović Handball Men's team competition Preliminary Round (Group B) Defeated Algeria (22-18) Defeated Switzerland (26-21) Defeated Romania (23-21) Defeated Kuwait (44-10) Lost to Soviet Union (17-22) Classification Match 5th/6th place: Lost to Spain (23-24) → 6th place Team Roster Zlatan Arnautović Momir Rnic Enver Koso Drago Jovović Stjepan Obran Jasmin Mrkonja Petar Mahne Pavel Jurina Goran Nerić Jovica Cvetković Velibor Nenadić Adnan Dizdar Mile Isaković Jovica Elezović Judo Men's Heavyweight Radomir Kovacevic Bronze medal Rowing Sailing Men's Flying Dutchman Danko Mandić Final standing - 9th place Zoran Kalebić Final standing - 9th place Men's Finn class Minski Fabras Final standing - 11th place Shooting Swimming Men's 200m Freestyle Borut Petrič Final – 1.56,51 (→ did not advance) Men's 1.500m Freestyle Borut Petrič Final – 15.21,78 (→ 5th place) Volleyball Men's team competition Preliminary Round (Group B) Lost to Poland (1-3) Defeated Brazil (3-2) Lost to Romania (1-3) Defeated Libya (3-0) Classification Matches 5th/8th place: Defeated Cuba (3-2) 5th/6th place: Lost to Brazil (2-3) → 6th place Team Roster Vladimir Bogoevski Vladimir Trifunović Aleksandar Tacevski Zdravko Kuljić Goran Srbinovski Slobodan Lozančić Ivica Jelić Boro Jović Radovan Malević Miodrag Mitić Ljubomir Travica Mladen Kašić Water polo Men's team competition Preliminary Round (Group C) Drew with Cuba (6-6) Defeated Bulgaria (9-2) Defeated Australia (9-2) Final Round (Group A) Drew with Cuba (7-7) Defeated Hungary (8-7) Defeated Netherlands (5-4) Defeated Spain (7-6) Lost to Soviet Union (7-8) → Silver Medal Team Roster Luka Vezilić Zoran Gopcević Damir Polić Ratko Rudić Zoran Mustur Zoran Roje Milivoj Bebić Slobodan Trifunović Boško Lozica Predrag Manojlović Milorad Krivokapić Weightlifting Wrestling References External links Official Olympic Reports International Olympic Committee results database Nations at the 1980 Summer Olympics 1980 Summer Olympics
7249692	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spotted%20thick-knee	Spotted thick-knee	The spotted thick-knee (Burhinus capensis), also known as the spotted dikkop or Cape thick-knee, is a wader in the family Burhinidae. It is native to tropical regions of central and southern Africa. Description The spotted thick-knee, which can reach up to in height, has long legs and brown-and-white speckled plumage which provides camouflage, making it difficult to spot the bird in the grasslands and savannas where it roams. Its head is large and round with a prominent yellow eye and a short, stout beak. When in flight or standing in a characteristic position with its wings raised, it shows a striking contrasting pattern. Its legs are long and yellow and the tibiotarsal joint is expanded, giving it the name "thick-knee". Behaviour The spotted thick-knee is nocturnal and squats on the ground during the daytime, making it difficult to spot. It hunts exclusively on the ground, feeding on insects, small mammals and lizards. Breeding It nests on the ground, lining a scrape with grasses, feathers, pebbles and twigs. The female typically lays two eggs, and males and females rear the offspring together, with both bringing food back to the nest. The birds will defend the nest and adopt a defensive pose with wings spread and tail cocked and will even peck an intruder. Sometimes they will fake injuries to lead predators away from the nest. Distribution The spotted thick-knee is native to the grasslands and savannas of sub-Saharan Africa. Its range extends from Senegal, Mali and Mauritania in the west to Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania and South Africa in the east and south, and south Yemen. Status The spotted thick-knee has a very extensive range, and its population is believed to be stable. For these reasons, the IUCN has rated it as being of "Least Concern". Gallery References External links Spotted thick-knee Species text in The Atlas of Southern African Birds spotted thick-knee Birds of Sub-Saharan Africa spotted thick-knee Taxa named by Hinrich Lichtenstein
63351854	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family%20Assistance%20Plan	Family Assistance Plan	The Family Assistance Plan (FAP) was a welfare program introduced by President Richard Nixon in August 1969, which aimed to implement a negative income tax for households with working parents. The FAP was influenced by President Lyndon B. Johnson's War on Poverty program that aimed to expand welfare across all American citizens, especially for working-class Americans. Nixon intended for the FAP to replace existing welfare programs such as the Aid to Assist Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program as a way to attract conservative voters that were beginning to become wary of welfare while maintaining middle-class constituencies. The FAP specifically provided aid assistance to working-class Americans, dividing benefits based on age, the number of children, family income, and eligibility. Initially, the Nixon administration thought the FAP legislation would easily pass through the House of Representatives and the more liberal Senate, as both chambers were controlled by the Democratic Party. In June 1971, the FAP under the bill H.R. 1 during the 92nd Congress, passed in the House of Representatives. However, from December 1971 to June 1972 H.R.1 bill that included the FAP underwent scrutiny in the Senate chamber, particularly by the Senate Finance Committee controlled by the conservative Democrats, while the Republicans were also reluctant on passing the program. Eventually, on October 5 of 1972, a revised version of H.R.1 passed the Senate with a vote of 68-5 that only authorized funding for FAP testing before its implementation. During House-Senate reconciliation, before Nixon signed the bill on October 15, 1972, the entire provision on FAP was dropped. The FAP enjoyed broad support from Americans across different regions. Reception towards the program varied across racial, regional, income, and gender differences. The FAP is best remembered for beginning the rhetoric against the expansion of welfare that was popular during the New Deal. It initiated the support for anti-welfare conservative movements that became mainstream in American political discourse during the Reagan era. The FAP was to be innovative in taking an income approach to welfare rather than a services approach. To the extent possible, money was not to be given to government agencies that would then determine what services the welfare system should provide. Money was to be given directly to beneficiaries, who would themselves decide on purchasing decisions. In effect, at least in its earliest drafts, it was to be a guaranteed basic income. At the time, this was seen by many as a momentous proposal. Michael Harrington, a prominent socialist of the time, called it "the most radical idea since the New Deal," and a Yugoslav Marxist is reported to have commented that "were it to pass, it might well be the most important social legislation in history in that it would finally free the individual and his family from the myriad and inescapable forms of coercion which society exerts through the employment nexus." Background Need for the Family Assistance Program – controversy over the AFDC When President Nixon took office in 1969, issues pertaining to poverty and welfare in the United States had been at the forefront of many political discussions, largely stemming from prior President Johnson's proclaimed "war on poverty" in 1964. Welfare and social insurance had been a federal responsibility as early as the 1930s when state-sponsored welfare was replaced with "social security" networks headed by the Federal government which included commonly considered aspects of welfare support such as unemployment benefits, workers' compensation, and veterans' payments. The Social Security Act of 1935 dictated welfare as a "layered system" in which five "layers" of income protection – ranging from private insurance, social insurance, and categorical assistance – acted to reduce the threats of poverty. Those that created the bill hoped that the act would create a dynamic that would not only reduce the amount of poverty in the nation but in doing also reduce the need for social insurance as more and more citizens became able to support themselves free of welfare aid. However, by the 1960s, a program that had been created with the Social Security Act of 1935 to support families at risk, the AFDC (Aid to Assist Families with Dependant Children), had only continued to expand. From 1965–1970, the AFDC experienced an expansion of 110 percent, and its rapid growth had become a heated topic of debate for both the Democratic and Republican parties as welfare costs for the government increased. By the time Nixon came into the presidency, the projected cost of the AFDC was 6 billion dollars annually, straining already tight state and federal budgets. The rapid expansion of this program stemmed largely from the liberalization of its requirements through the 1950s and early 1960s, in which the eligible age for a child to be a dependant to 21, and the eligibility of families whose primary 'breadwinner' had been unemployed for long periods of time. At the time of Nixon's FAP speech in 1969, the primary beneficiaries of the AFDC were families who had undergone a breakup through divorce, desertion, or illegitimacy – which were decisively more common than families needing assistance for unavoidable hardships like the death of a father. The rising costs and liberalization of the AFDC not only caused congressional backlash but also brought with it racially charged and negative responses by states burdened with increasing numbers of AFDC recipients. Indications within Congress and the public began to hint at a perception of rising welfare issues to be a largely minority or immigrant issue. Legislation was passed in Louisiana which declared children born out of wedlock or families cohabiting without an official marriage license to be inadmissible for AFDC benefits. Around 6,000 families were dropped, only 5% of whom were of Caucasian background. In 1961, aggravations revolving around the AFDC came to a head in the small town of Newburgh, New York in what popularity became known as the 'Battle of Newburgh'. Facing a sudden spike in welfare applicants due to tough economic conditions during the winter of 1961, City Manager Joseph McDowell Mitchell placed the blame on this rise in welfare costs primarily on immigration into the city. Mitchell proposed changes to the AFDC which included a requirement of proof that the beneficiary was entering Newburgh with a work position, a change to aid divvied out by voucher rather than cash, and denial of aid to those not working or to new children conceived while the family was receiving welfare assistance. While Newburgh was only a small town of 30,000, the controversial proposals made by Mitchell received national attention, and polls conducted by Gallup showed that up to 74% of the population surveyed agreed with Mitchell that welfare should only be given to immigrants who came with a definite job opportunity and means of work. Further Gallup polls in 1964 found that over 50% of participants believed a 60-day residency should be required before an individual could be able to apply for AFDC welfare. Many also began to attribute the need for welfare as laziness, or a combination of misfortune and laziness. A common idea that began to spring up in discussions was the split between those 'deserving' or 'undeserving' of welfare. Highlighting this split was the notion that those 'undeserving' of welfare assistance were largely not working and instead coasting off of the benefits received. Some believed women were having children precisely to play the system and further the benefits they were receiving from AFDC. Indeed, this cultural divide between the deserving and undeserving would continue to underscore public opinion on welfare not only as the AFDC was debated, but in later moments as well in discussions of Nixon's FAP. Despite public frustration and debates over adding restrictions to the AFDC to control costs, there was still a large number of the public who considered poverty aid to be a universal, basic right. A 1964 Harris poll found that 68% of participants believed the Federal government had a responsibility to ensure basic human rights and a minimum livable wage to its citizens, reaffirmed by 73% of participants in a later 1969 poll. Poverty and inequality had been raised as an issue by Johnson in 1964, and pressure was continuing to be placed on the Federal government to alleviate rising national poverty rates. Instances of riots and public disgruntlement plaguing the 1960s were connected to a welfare system not adequately supporting the needs of the population. To many in Congress, it was clear that the answer was not to restrict the AFDC, but rather reform it. The AFDC was plagued with numerous inequalities not only among its recipients but between states. In 1968, 26 states did not pass the threshold for welfare support from the AFDC that allowed families to be above the 'poverty line'. Families in New Jersey could receive up to 332 dollars a month, whereas some families in Mississippi were receiving a comparatively meager 55 dollars a month. The AFDC also overwhelmingly denied access to assistance to families who had an employed head, even if their overall income still placed them below the poverty line. In 1966, this excluded around 12 million families from access to the AFDC. As such, there were fears that the AFDC created instances of dependency for those unable to work, as well as disincentivized families on welfare assistance to find work. In 1967, legislation pushed for a work-incentive phase (WIN) to AFDC, which required families currently on the program to participate in job/work training to continue receiving benefits. By early January 1969, the Nixon Administration had installed a committee to study the welfare system and propose changes, culminating in the eventual announcement of the FAP in August 1969. Nixon's plan envisioned a welfare system that ventured not only to fix welfare dependency and rising costs for the government, but also aimed to combat rising inequality within the welfare system and afford income assistance as a basic, universal right. Nixon's political motivations Motivations to reform welfare and introduce the FAP were not only grounded in moral terms of eradicating poverty in the United States. As documents were opened in the Richard M. Nixon Presidential Library (RNPL), it has become clear that much of the reasoning behind Nixon's proposal of the FAP may have come from an attempt to appease the worries of a predominately white lower and middle working class. Nixon highlighted this as his 'Northern Strategy' – efforts to garner votes and support from blue-collar workers in industrialized states where the working class was predominantly white. Nixon viewed this group of people as his 'silent majority' – a ticket to winning popularity from a larger majority of Americans. Nixon therefore objectively took a moderate/centrist stance in his implementation of the FAP, noting that conservatives would likely find issues in welfare reform, especially if it blurred racial lines. In this context, the FAP was largely chosen as it redistributed welfare benefits to the working-class poor, who were largely Caucasian in ethnicity. Indeed, one estimate indicated that there would be a shift in the ethnicity of beneficiaries from 51.7% non-white in the 1969 AFDC program to 38.6% non-white in the FAP program by 1972. By creating an entirely new system of welfare reform, Nixon was also separating himself from liberal policymakers like former president Johnson, gaining him an edge politically. The FAP also addressed both leftist qualms with the AFDC over inadequate welfare assistance and welfare inequality while also addressing criticisms of the AFDC from the right over welfare dependency and disincentives to work. By proposing the FAP, Nixon hoped he could not only garner praise from liberals seeking more egalitarian welfare reform but also appeal to a new kind of veiled, latent racial conservatism. Identification of the issues The perceived problems with the existing social welfare apparatus were six-fold: that access to aid in the form of AFDC and food stamps and other commodity programs was severely limited; that peripheral programs like Head Start and Job Corps tended to be ineffective; that provisions of the administration of AFDC encouraged dependency and the breakup of families; that little aid was available for the working poor; and that the high and rising costs of the programs in general were insupportable. AFDC covered only 17% of the poor and 35% of all poor children. Commodity programs and food stamps were not widely available; the latter were unavailable in most jurisdictions. Altogether, poverty programs only covered one third of the poor in any fashion. Because AFDC benefits were primarily available to single women with dependent children, there was concern that the program was encouraging dissolution of families—there was some evidence to support this. The major educational and job training programs had failed to demonstrate any significant efficacy. And, overall, the existing system offered little for the working poor. At the same time, the cost for these programs was rising, and, increasingly, this was ascribed to the fundamental strategy informing most of them: any direct financial aid was scanty, restricted in scope, allotted in a way that disincentivized work and, by and large, emphasis was on provision of services rather than direct income. The expense of the AFDC and, especially, the service programs seemed heavily attributable to administration rather than benefits to the poor. This perception was to be an important factor in the shaping the FAP. As the initial proposal for the FAP developed, both the AFDC and food stamps were retained as part of the package, but the stated ultimate aim was to phase out the service component of the program. Specific provisions of the Family Assistance Plan Initial proposal The initial proposal of guaranteed income by the Nixon administration would include all poor families – "working poor," "dependent," and poor families headed by a male. The benefit level would not be reduced for families currently enrolled in the AFDC, for states were required to compensate for the difference between the proposed minimum payment and the state's current benefit level. States would be receiving federal assistance, so none would be required to supplement the incomes of the working poor. The essential details of Nixon's initial plan included the following: Only families with unmarried children under 18 years of age or 21 if still in school, would be eligible for the benefit under the FAP. A family of 4 with no other income would be eligible for a maximum of $1600 in June 1972 dollars ($10,163 in March 2021 dollars). The same family of 4 would see no change in the amount of benefit up to the income of $720 ($4,573 in 2021 dollars); and Any other income beyond $720 would be taxed at the rate of 50% until the break-even point or until a point where the benefit would fall to zero, $3920 ($24,900 in 2021 dollars), except: For the earnings from Veteran's pension and certain farm payments as these are taxed at 100%; For children's earnings, welfare payments, and other applicable payments as these are not taxable; and For some child care expenses which would also be excluded from income calculation. Families in possession of resources amounting to over $1500 ($9,528 in 2021 dollars) and a home, personal household goods, and other resources or properties considered essential to the family's self-support would be ineligible for the FAP benefits unless they dispose of excess possessions at a specified rate. For the purposes of the FAP eligibility, a family is defined to only include family members who are related by blood, marriage, or adoption except in the case of a stepfather who shall be considered to be a member of the family. The following category of people have been excluded from a family unit: Members not living in the same household, in-laws, grandparents, and 20-year-old adults not in school whose income information may be unavailable to the other family members; Members of the Armed forces and their spouses and children; Recipients of aid to the aged, aid to the blind, and aid to the permanently and totally disabled, and their dependents; Although the income period is set to be one year, for the purposes of calculating the FAP benefits, the family's current quarterly income is taken into account. Any over or underpayments are to be fixed upon detection. Refusal of taking on "suitable" work or training – that is, registering with the state employment service – by able-bodied family members including single women may result in the reduction of the FAP benefits. The women heads of families who are not in the full-time workforce and whose youngest child is over 6 years old. Mothers whose youngest child is under 6 years old are exempt from meeting the work requirement. 1972 revisions The Family Assistance Plan was revised in 1972 in an attempt to make it more palatable on the Senate floor. The specific provisions that were changed consist of the following: The new plan replaced food stamps with an increase in cash benefits from $1600 to $2400 ($15,245 in 2021) for a family of 4; The tax rate for income earned changed from 50% to 67%; The requirement for "work" was tightened in a way that required beneficiaries to sign up for full-time work training to increase their chances of employment and their skills; The exemption of work requirement that applied to mothers whose dependent child was under 6 years old changed. Under the newly revised plan, the exemption only applied to mothers if their dependent child is under 3 years old; The breakeven point for tax-exempt income changed from $3920 to $4320 ($27,440 in 2021). Under the new plan, the states received even more fiscal relief from the federal government. They were no longer required to supplement the payments above the established benefit level. The new plan would eliminate the welfare expenditures of twenty-one states and reduce spending for other states significantly. The proposed plan was meant to meet the wishes of both liberals and conservatives but had many features that they could oppose. The cost of the welfare program increased by $6 billion from the costs of the initial plan. The costs of the program concerned many in Congress, but it was not the only obstacle that Nixon had to worry about. Supplementary details about the initial proposal Since the initial proposal assumed the continuance and expansion of the food stamp program, the actual minimum income four a family of four would be $2,460 ($20,664 in 2023 dollars). For a family of seven, it would be $4,000 ($33,600 in 2023 dollars). The plan would also continue and increase Old-Age Assistance, Aid to the Blind, and Aid to the Permanently and Totally Disabled. A penalty for mothers who did not apply for work or training was already a part of AFDC due to provisions of the 1967 welfare amendments under Lyndon Johnson. Under those provisions, a family would forfeit all of the mother's portion of AFDC benefits. No exceptions were granted for need or for mothers of small children. The FAP sought to eliminate this "undifferentiated work requirement" by reducing the penalty and granting an exemption for mothers with children under the age of six (60% of families headed by potentially employable females fell into this category). It was not expected that much use would be made of this clause—experience with the 1967 amendments indicated that there would always be more volunteers for work or training than available slots. The plan included a massive proposal for day care projected to cost $1,600 per year per child ($13,440 in 2023 dollars). Overall, the plan was anticipated to eliminate 60% of poverty. This would be particularly true for families of the working poor. Thirteen million persons would be newly covered, and 1.5 million already covered by AFDC would have their benefits raised. And, whereas AFDC only covered 35% of poor children, FAP would cover 100%. Legislative history 1969–1970 – Introduction and Revision of the FAP The first formal proposal of the FAP was introduced to the American public in August 1969 when President Nixon set forth his new goals of welfare reform during a televised address. Nixon's FAP was highlighted as a form of 'workfare' in hopes of incentivizing poorer families to continue working rather than seek unemployment welfare benefits. The initial FAP proposal was positively received, as many believed the previous welfare system in place (the ADFC) to be flawed. However, some critics were mixed in their reception. While some believed the requirements to work were either too harsh or not strict enough, others demanded expanded benefits for those in need. In October 1969, an administration bill was proposed to amend the Social Security Act of 1935 to the House of Representatives. Included in the bill was a preliminary version of the FAP which was introduced by President Nixon earlier in August. The bill was referred to the Ways and Means Committee for approval. In April 1970, after revisions were completed on its initial proposal, the October 1969 administration bill, still including the FAP, was passed by the House of Representatives under closed rule. The Senate Finance Committee subsequently received the bill for voting and deemed the bill as insufficient due to potential bias towards families already in similar circumstances under the ADFC and continued possible welfare dependency. The committee requested further revisions of the FAP proposal by the United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. These revisions were completed in June 1970 and resubmitted to the Senate Finance Committee for consideration. In December 1970 a Ninety-first Congress meeting was held. The Senate Finance Committee proposed a version of the October 1969 bill that did not include Nixon's FAP. However, the bill did call for the federal government to conduct up to five trial projects (in today's parlance, pilot programs) meant to test the suitability of incorporating the FAP as a welfare program. The bill itself included many other controversial topics, and as such the topic of FAP testing was not given full consideration until the later moments of the 91st Congress. The confusion over multiple other proposals within the bill outlined by the Senate Finance Committee delayed proper discussion around the proposed tests. Ultimately, the meeting of the 91st Congress did not approve the FAP or its testing. 1971 – The FAP's inclusion in H.R. 1 By January 1971, the FAP had been further revised and made even more complex in the hopes of garnering approval from the Senate Finance Committee. The FAP was included in Bill H.R. 1, another administration bill with the aim of amending the Social Security Act. Bill H.R 1 was put to the House of Representatives for voting. Almost 6 months later, in June, Bill H.R. 1 is passed, this time with the FAP included. In December 1971, Senator Herman Talmadge proposed an amendment to the current welfare system in place, the AFDC, to include a plan that incentivized work and required anyone over the age of 16 on the system to either begin work-related education or training or become employed. As a result, considerations of alternate methods of welfare reform to the FAP began to be debated. 1972 – Removal of the FAP from H.R. 1 In June 1972, the inclusion of the FAP in H.R. 1 was at the center of many debates and negotiations. A compromise for the FAP was proposed by Senator Abraham Ribicoff, which would merge the FAP and his own plans of guaranteed income. A letter was sent to President Nixon in 1971 which denounced the FAP's plan of 'workfare' as well as any version of H.R. 1 which included the FAP as an unacceptable approach to welfare reform. In the same month, President Nixon approved a twenty percent increase in old-age and survivor's insurance benefits. Supporters of the FAP feared this may have decreased the likeliness that there would be a vote in favor of keeping the FAP as part of the amended H.R. 1 Bill, as it may have served to dissuade potential support amongst more conservative politicians who did not wish to see large changes to the government's role in public services. By September, the Senate Finance Committee had released a newly revised H.R. 1 at over 900 pages in length. The FAP was voted to not be included in this amended version of the bill. The committee instead chose to have it replaced with a 'workfare' plan put forth by Senator Russell B. Long. This plan was heavily supported by all Republican members of the committee. By October, voting on H.R. 1 had begun. On October 3, the guaranteed income plan proposed by Senator Ribicoff was tabled 52–24. On October 4, the Senate also decides to drop the 'workfare' proposal by Senator Long. Tests of the Nixon FAP, Ribicoff's guaranteed income plan, and Long's 'workfare' were instead included in the bill. The next day, on October 5, H.R. 1 passed with a vote of 68–5. However, by the time President Nixon signed the bill on October 30, the proposal for these tests had also been removed from planning, despite the Senate having authorized funds for testing earlier in the month. When H.R. 1 was put in action, no marked changes to welfare in America developed and ADFC remained largely intact. After over three years of development, negotiations, and revisions, the FAP was entirely removed from consideration. Failure Nixon's FAP came at a time when Congress sought to assert its power in domestic affairs, be it scrutinizing existing programs or declining to enact new ones, which the architects of the Family Assistance Plan hardly realized. The chances of passing such a program through Congress seemed "too slim", per Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan. Firstly, a guaranteed income was deemed as "immoral" and "impolitic" due largely to tax increases and the disincentive to work. Many people in Congress did not believe that the plan would attract support from middle-class and working-class people, with some calling it a "political suicide." Some "safe-seat" liberals, however, favored guaranteed income as an alternative to the existing system. The moderates were mostly opposed to it because they believed either that it was morally wrong, or the political consequences of such a plan were far-reaching. Many in Congress preferred creating job opportunities and encouraging food stamps. The Family Assistance Plan was set to go through numerous tests in many different committees. In particular, since it was technically a tax bill, it would be scrutinized by the tax committees. Therefore, if it was successful, it would have become a statute financed by the Treasury automatically, representing significant commitment. The conservative lawmakers regarded the new welfare program as a huge drain on the treasury of the nation, while the liberals concerned themselves with the work requirement of the FAP and its insufficient benefit level. Interest groups played an important role in the ultimate fate of the FAP. For example, the National Welfare Rights Organization (NWRO) opposed the plan, calling for an alternative plan in which the government would increase the benefit level to $5500 with no work requirement attached to it. Many liberal organizations seemed to have ignored the fact that even the current proposal's price tag was very high, at $4.4 billion (nearly $28 billion in 2021). When the bill reached the Senate Finance Committee, it faced its hardest test which ultimately led to its demise. From the political perspective, the bill was killed by both the liberals who thought it was too "stingy" and the conservatives who thought it would discourage people from working. Another point of concern for the Senate Finance Committee was the bill's inability to eliminate disparate effects among the recipients, in particular against the working male. The argument was that some non-working families would be receiving more benefits under the FAP than the working male because the latter would be ineligible to receive state supplements. Furthermore, senators brought up the continued issue of inequities. Although the FAP benefit rate would be the same across the nation, individual states still preserved their supplements which meant that the benefit level varied in different parts of the country. The Senate Finance Committee instructed the administration to work out a revised plan that would address the issues brought up by the Committee. The revised plan did not substantially change the provisions of the FAP, but it proposed other benefit programs to be redesigned to fit the FAP. There was to be a gradual reduction in other welfare benefits such as housing, food stamps, and medical benefits as the income increased, just like the FAP benefits. Furthermore, the taxes that applied to the earnings of the FAP recipients increased significantly which reduced the incentive for many to find employment. The welfare reforms conservatives advocated for needed to "force" people back to employment, uncover welfare fraudsters, and identify male deserters. The FAP added 13 million to the welfare system; therefore, the FAP hardly seemed to be welfare reform. There was also some regional opposition to the bill. Particularly, southerners quickly realized that the significant amount of federal relief to state finances would go toward bigger states like California and New York, based on federal assumptions of these states' welfare expenses. However, the majority of the FAP benefits would go toward poor people in Southern states. With a lack of support from both liberals and conservatives, the Family Assistance Plan had no prospect of passing the Senate despite much-needed welfare reforms. Perspectives, arguments, and public opinion Legislative expectation The Family Assistance Program was predicted by leading political commentators to receive positive reactions from various groups including the American public, specific groups related to workers, and political parties, for the following reasons: The Family Assistance Program was designed to provide welfare benefits for people by the government for American prosperity. The FAP was intended to increase marriage rates with an increased family income from one working husband. The FAP was intended to as an implementation of "workfare" to inspire Americans to work. The Nixon administration also had thought that public perception of FAP would have bipartisan support, as Democrats would support a welfare expansion while Republicans would consider it as basic income simplifying the welfare system, an idea associated with the right-leaning economist Milton Friedman. Among local state officials, the FAP was viewed positively as a method of cutting local spending on welfare as the federal government would pay for the program. The United States Chamber of Commerce had opposed the FAP based not on welfare expansion but because of their fear that the working poor would be too dependent on welfare, decreasing working productivity. Media/public polling The FAP was well received by the public according to public polls. In 1970 some public opinion polls by Gallup showed support as high as 65%, particularly when the survey question had emphasized work incentives in the FAP. The Nixon administration also received 2700 letters and telegrams, which they identified as mostly from middle-class Americans, in which over 80% of them expressed enthusiastic support for the FAP. Another 10% of them had certain reservations and notes on improvements but also supported the proposal. Media across the United States also reacted positively to the FAP. The White House estimated the initial four hundred editorial press coverage and concluded that over 90% of them had a positive assessment of Nixon's plan. Most argued in favor of the FAP citing a need to reform the existing welfare system which they declared that it was a failure. Among the editorials that were uncertain of the FAP, they argued that Nixon would not be able to achieve an effective rollout for this plan throughout the United States. Additionally, they also feared that this would increase government expenditures, expanding the national debt. Race/region The FAP was expected to be well received in the South, where African Americans, who did not receive as many welfare benefits in proportion to white Americans, would welcome the program. Among the 52% of the U.S. population obtaining the FAP, two-thirds of them would have been impoverished African Americans. Additionally, one of the biggest factors in deciding the amount of benefits from the FAP a family could receive was based on the family size. As African Americans in rural regions had on average a larger family size compared to white families living in urbanized regions, the FAP disproportionately benefited Black families. Among African Americans, people living in the South supported the FAP as it would vastly increase their minimal income, while northern Americans feared the FAP could cut existing welfare. Nevertheless, the FAP raised concerns for white Americans as they resented that Black people, especially in the rural South, could receive more benefits that could increase their living standards. For white people, this meant that the FAP could increase civil rights for Black people, such as education and speeches. It also aroused the fear of increased civic participation by Black people. In 1968, the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights predicted that political participation by Black people especially in the South would increase once Black people were able to become more economically self-sufficient. Thus the Southern Democratic establishment, the conservative Democrats, opposed the FAP as they thought giving a universal basic income could equalize the power among African Americans and white Americans in the South. As the conservative Democrats controlled the Senate Finance Committee, the FAP would ultimately be rejected in 1971. Meanwhile, the southern states were also expected to receive the most benefits out of the FAP. The South on average received less welfare benefits from the government compared to the North. The Department of Health, Education and Welfare (HEW) yielded different proportions of welfare benefits to each different region. Approximately 38% of the funds went to five northeastern regions, another 13% were used for California, and the other 32% were paid for fourteen regions located in northern areas while the southern states could not receive funds from other welfare policies. According to the estimation by HEW, 52% of the U.S. population who most benefited from the FAP would be from the South. President Nixon intended to eliminate regional discrimination through the program as well. Labor market The reaction to FAP by business owners was mixed. The main concern business owners had with the FAP was an increase in average income would incentives people to opt for lower-wage jobs. As the FAP would supplement earnings for low-income families, the labour could concentrate on jobs with lower wages as people would be satisfied with working in menial jobs with lower pay. Additionally, small business owners also worried that people with FAP benefits would demand higher wages and better working environments in the future. On the other hand, owners of large businesses welcomed the FAP because they anticipated an increase in labor supply by males, especially in the low-wage sector. On the other hand, organized labor supported the FAP as it could contribute to an increase in the minimum wage and ameliorate social insurance for laborers. From the perspective of organized labor, the program was considered an opportunity to reinforce labor unions by increasing labor supply. Organized labor groups were more inclined to support the FAP because those in skilled labor positions, often white males, did not feel threatened by increasing amounts of unskilled labour. Ideologically, for moderate business leaders and organizations that did not hold low-income citizens responsible for their poverty, the FAP was popular as they thought it could quell urban violence as a form of their contribution to social justice. In contrast, conservative business owners also favored the FAP as they believed that this was a tough stance against welfare that could detach people from welfare assistance. Gender Women thought the FAP, like previous welfare programs, emphasized the role of males in the family as welfare was determined by labour participation. This meant women, who had irregular jobs with low wages or who stayed at home to focus on household affairs, had to be economically dependent on their male family members. This increased male economic power in proportion to female economic power. This lowered the value of female labour participation as it reinforced male power and dominance over female family members. Thus the government responded to potential inequality between male and female earnings by proposing a daycare system alongside the FAP that could encourage mothers to participate in job training and employment. However, the funding only allocated $858 per year per family ($5,450 in 2021), when the HEW estimated daycare costs to be $2000 per year per family ($12,703 in 2021) and did not suggest clear plans regarding its management. Additionally, daycare system beneficiaries would also experience a cut in their FAP funding. Welfare professionals Daniel Patrick Moynihan, in his 1973 book The Politics of a Guaranteed Income: The Nixon Administration and the Family Assistance Plan, devotes much space to the opposition to FAP by what he characterizes as middle- to upper-middle class welfare professionals. These were individuals who constituted, in the words of a Life Magazine editorial of the time, a "'vast welfare bureaucracy," 170,000 employees with a "built-in resistance to change…'"—and whose salaries were heavily responsible for the costs of that system—as well as others benefitting less directly. Moynihan portrays them as a self-aware interest group who "did all in their power to insure that a guaranteed income was not enacted." To some extent, this was for ideological reasons: "The poor were to be helped through strategies that would lead to individual improvement and collective self-realization, with a considerable degree of elite direction…," and a plan simply to give money to the poor "was a threat to this strategy, and perceived as such." It was also, however, a response to a proposal that threatened their authority and incomes. Their opposition consisted to a large extent in factual misrepresentation of FAP. At times, however, it involved overt appeal to their own self-interest. Moynihan also suggests that a desire to placate the newly arisen National Welfare Rights Organization (see above), who were hostile both to FAP and to welfare professionals themselves, influenced the profession's activities. Legacy Nixon's FAP was one of the bipartisan policies that reflected the New Deal era that led to the expansion of welfare across the United States. The FAP was dictated by economic policies that dominated American political discourse since Franklin D. Roosevelt in the 1930s, where welfare expansion, especially towards his blue-collar white constituencies was a necessity for electoral success. Nixon favoured this liberal welfare program over conservatives because the FAP would have eliminated the Aid to Families with Dependent Children program making FAP the sole welfare program for the working poor. However, by 1968 expansion of welfare started to become an electoral liability as it increased the public's anxiety over racial, gender, and sociocultural issues that became prominent in the 1960s. Even Nixon's own white constituencies were never able to ultimately support the FAP, despite the fact that they would also gain from the program. Conservative political figures subsequently learned from Nixon's failed FAP welfare reform that expansion of welfare to the working poor would not attract conservative voters. By Ronald Reagan's presidency, anti-welfare rhetoric became popular as he touted his avocation for small government. Thus by the end of the 20th century, the rhetoric against welfare which was partially reflected by Nixon himself in his proposal for the FAP became a normality in American politics. See also Richard Nixon War On Poverty (United States) Aid to Families with Dependent Children Social programs in the United States Guaranteed minimum income Bibliography Asen, Robert. 2001. "Nixon's Welfare Reform: Enacting Historical Contradictions of Poverty Discourses." Rhetoric & Public Affairs 4, no. 2: 261–79. https://doi.org/10.1353/rap.2001.0019. Bowler, M. Kenneth. 1974. The Nixon Guaranteed Income Proposal: Substance and Process in Policy Change. Cambridge, Mass: Ballinger Pub. Co. The Family-Assistance Plan: A Chronology. 1972. Social Service Review 46 (4): 603–608. Heyman, Philip. 1985. The Family Assistance Plan: Abridged. Kennedy School of Government. pp. 1–21. Kornbluh, Felicia. 2008. "Who Shot FAP? The Nixon Welfare Plan and the Transformation of American Politics." The Sixties 1, no. 2: 125–50. https://doi.org/10.1080/17541320802457038. Lampman, Robert James. 1969. Nixon's Family Assistance Plan. Vol. 57–69;57-69.;. Madison: Institute for Research on Poverty, University of Wisconsin. McNown, Robert F. 1973. "THE STORY OF THE FAMILY ASSISTANCE PLAN." Current History 65 (384) (Aug 01): 57. Moynihan, Daniel P. The Politics of a Guaranteed Income; the Nixon Administration and the Family Assistance Plan. New York, Random House, 1973. Quadagno, Jill. "Race, Class, and Gender in the U.S. Welfare State: Nixon's Failed Family Assistance Plan." American Sociological Review 55, no. 1 (February 1990): 11–28. https://doi.org/10.2307/2095700. Spitzer, Scott J. "Nixon's New Deal: Welfare Reform for the Silent Majority." Presidential Studies Quarterly 42, no. 3 (July 19, 2012): 455–81. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-5705.2012.03989.x. Steensland, Brian. 2018. The Failed Welfare Revolution America's Struggle over Guaranteed Income Policy. Princeton ; Oxford Princeton University Press. Wolf, Mark L., and John V. Erickson. 1971. "Work Incentive Aspects of the Family Assistance Plan." Harv. J. on Legis. 9: 179. References Further reading Spitzer, Scott J. (2012). "Nixon's New Deal: Welfare Reform for the Silent Majority". Presidential Studies Quarterly. 42 (3): 455–481. ISSN 1741-5705. Steensland, Brian (2011). The Failed Welfare Revolution: America's Struggle over Guaranteed Income Policy. Princeton University Press. . Kornbluh, Felicia (2008). "Who Shot FAP? The Nixon Welfare Plan and the Transformation of American Politics." The Sixties 1, no. 2 : 125–50. Moynihan, Daniel P. The Politics of a Guaranteed Income; the Nixon Administration and the Family Assistance Plan. New York, Random House, 1973. External links Commemoration of President Nixon's Family Assistance Plan by the Richard Nixon Foundation Taxation and redistribution Welfare Defunct agencies of the United States government Proposals in the United States
25538503	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greg%20Benson	Greg Benson	Gregory Benson is an American comedian, actor, and director. His production company, Mediocre Films, creates comedic short films, generally for YouTube. He is a frequent director for The Guild. History Benson graduated from W. T. White High School in 1986. Eventually he moved to California, where he has since appeared in several television commercials. Benson is a sometime member of the ACME Comedy Theatre improv troupe in Hollywood, where he first worked with writer/actor Wil Wheaton, who has since appeared in a variety of Benson's projects. He started making videos in 2005, initially hosting them on his own Mediocre Films website. Eventually he moved his distribution from his own site to YouTube, where within one month, "Greg Hits Hollywood", one of his shorts, was featured on the site's home page. The video and its sequels feature Benson interviewing strangers as a pretext for hitting them with his microphone to see "what people will put up with just because they want to be on TV, or even just YouTube." Since then, he has become a popular YouTube comedian, number 47 on the list of most subscribed comedians on YouTube. His most popular video as of early 2009 was episode 1 of the Gorgeous Tiny Chicken Machine Show, which was selected to be featured on YouTube shortly after being posted February 25, 2007, and subsequently drew nearly 2 million viewers. The series later was picked up by Sony Pictures, who continued the show through two seasons on YouTube as part of its "C Spot" lineup; one reviewer for The Times of London described it as "Pee-Wee Herman meets Monty Python via the hyperkinetic madness of Japanese television." Benson's most prominent directing credit is his work on the Internet series The Guild, on which he worked again with his wife, Kim Evey, producer of The Guild, as well as creator and performer of the Gorgeous Tiny Chicken Machine Show. He also portrayed one of the passengers on the short Docudrama "The Flight that Fought Back". He and his wife, Kim, adopted a baby boy named Charlie in January 2016. Awards His first video, "Coming Home", was chosen by Amazon.com customers as one of the top five videos of the Amazon/Tribeca Film Festival's short films division. His short "Phone Call to God" was chosen for second place in the best comedy division at the 2006 Evil City Film Fest. "The Guild", which Benson Directed the second half of season 1, has won several awards including 2007 YouTube Awards (Best Series), 2009 Streamy Awards (Best Series, Best Comedy Series), 2012 IAWTV Awards (Best Comedy Web Series). Retarded Policeman Retarded Policeman is an American YouTube comedy web series written, directed, and edited by Benson, and based on an idea by his wife, producer and performer, Kim Evey. Scott Perry, Josh "The Ponceman" Perry's brother, has worked on the series. The videos are uploaded on YouTube under the channel MediocreFilms. Synopsis The fictional series follows learning impaired Officer Ponce (Josh "The Ponceman" Perry) as he pulls over members of the public. Theme song The following is the lyrics to the 8 second long theme song played at the start of the video. Episode 15 had a rock remix of the theme song performed by Dave Days. He is a cop, And he's learning impaired, He's the retarded policeman! (that's me!) Episode list References External links American male comedians 21st-century American comedians Film directors from Texas Living people Male actors from Dallas Comedy YouTubers Prank YouTubers YouTubers from Texas YouTube channels launched in 2006 Year of birth missing (living people)
43033048	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real%20Tonga	Real Tonga	Real Tonga, stylised as "REALtonga", was an airline that operated domestic flights within Tonga. It commenced operations in March 2013, becoming the twelfth airline to operate domestic flights in Tonga since air services began. In 2020 the airline ceased all operations. History Real Tonga commenced operations on 4 March 2013, taking over services previously operated by Chathams Pacific, a subsidiary of New Zealand-based airline Air Chathams. The airline was started up with funding from the owner Tevita Palu, as well as the gifting of several aircraft from China to the Tongan government, including a Xian MA60, which were then leased to Real Tonga. The use of the MA60 generated controversy in both Tonga and New Zealand due to the type's safety record, and the New Zealand government issued a travel advisory, warning against air travel in Tonga. As a result of this, tourist numbers dropped, particularly on the outer islands, where the reduction in the number of tourists had a significant impact on the local economy. In June 2014, Real Tonga announced that it had purchased two British Aerospace Jetstream 32 aircraft from Australia. On May 12 2020 Real Tonga was not operating after the MA60 lease was terminated, the Y-12 lease expired and the Saab 340 was out of service after a birdstrike incident. This occurred amid issues related to the COVID-19 pandemic, including the laying off of staff and pilots. Two weeks later, on May 27, the Tongan government announced they were cutting support for Real Tonga in favour of a new airline to be called 'Lulutai'. It was reported that the airline had been running at a loss for seven years since its inception in 2013. This would make the Real Tonga the fifth Tongan domestic operator to cease operations since Royal Tongan Airlines collapsed in 2004. (See also: List of defunct airlines of Tonga). Safety record Attempts were made to verify that the MA60 flown by Real Tonga was safe. Pilot Rodger McCutcheon said the MA60 is an excellent airplane. Ex-Air New Zealand pilots with over 15000 flight hours have offered to recertify the plane. The chief executive of Samoa Air added that he didn't believe the MA60 aircraft, gifted to Tonga by China, is a significant safety issue. However, on March 6 of 2015, the airline decided to ground and return the MA60 turboprop, due to pressure from the New Zealand government. By doing this, the Pacific island nation triggered a release of NZ$10 million in aid to it. A 68-seater ATR 72-600 was leased from Fiji Airways to operate a number of charter flights. Destinations Fleet The Real Tonga fleet comprises the following aircraft (as of August 2016): References Defunct airlines of Tonga Airlines established in 2013 Airlines disestablished in 2020 2013 establishments in Oceania
55928105	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China%20women%27s%20national%20football%20team%20results%20%282000%E2%80%932009%29	China women's national football team results (2000–2009)	This article lists the results for the China women's national football team between 2000 and 2009. 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 References 2000–2009 2000s in China 2000 in Chinese football 2001 in Chinese football 2002 in Chinese football 2003 in Chinese football 2004 in Chinese football 2005 in Chinese football 2006 in Chinese football 2007 in Chinese football 2008 in Chinese football 2009 in Chinese football
7840560	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rouville	Rouville	Rouville may refer to the following places: Rouville, Oise, a commune in the Oise department, France Rouville, Seine-Maritime, a commune in the Seine-Maritime department, France Rouville Regional County Municipality, Quebec, an administrative unit in Quebec, Canada Domaine de Rouville DGC, a disc golf course in Saint-Jean-Baptiste, Quebec, Canada
68346891	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javan%20leafbird	Javan leafbird	The Javan leafbird (Chloropsis cochinchinensis) is a species of leafbird found in forest and second growth in Java. It was formerly considered as conspecific with the widespread blue-winged leafbird. Taxonomy The Javan leafbird was formally described in 1789 by the German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin in his revised and expanded edition of Carl Linnaeus's Systema Naturae. He placed it with the thrushes in the genus Turdus and coined the binomial name Turdus cochinchinensis. Gmelin based his account on "Le verdin de la Cochinchine" that had been described in 1775 by the French polymath Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon in his multi-volume work Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux. A hand-coloured engraving by François-Nicolas Martinet was published separately to accompany Buffon's text. Cochinchina is a historical name for Vietnam. The Javan leafbird is now one of 12 leafbirds placed in the genus Chloropsis that was introduced in 1827 by William Jardine & Prideaux Selby. It was formerly considered to be conspecific with the blue-winged leafbird (Chloropsis moluccensis). Status The species is endangered largely due to overexploitation for the Asian songbird trade. Although leafbirds were a moderately popular choice of cage birds for many years, the popularity of leafbirds skyrocketed in recent years after the greater green leafbird (C. sonnerati) became exceptionally sought-after. As the Javan leafbird is a primarily lowland-dwelling species, it is at high risk of severe overexploitation as its entire range is accessible to trappers. There have been reports of loss of C. cochinchinensis from previously-occupied sites while the habitat remains unchanged, indicating the risks that trapping poses to the species. References Javan leafbird Javan leafbird Javan leafbird Birds of Java
2722005	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Northwest%20Territories%20deputy%20commissioners	List of Northwest Territories deputy commissioners	This is a List of Deputy Commissioners of the Northwest Territories, Canada that have served since the position was created in 1921. References External links Deputy commissioners
3500471	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furniture%20Row%20Racing	Furniture Row Racing	Furniture Row Racing (FRR) was an American professional stock car racing team that competed in the NASCAR Cup Series from 2005 to 2018. The team was owned and sponsored by Furniture Row, a U.S. furniture store chain, and was based in Furniture Row's home city of Denver, Colorado, being the only NASCAR team headquartered west of the Mississippi River. FRR most recently fielded the No. 78 Toyota Camry full-time for Martin Truex Jr. FRR won their first championship in 2017 with Truex, becoming the first winner of the Cup Series under Monster Energy sponsorship. The team was also the first single-car team ever to make the Chase for the Sprint Cup, which it did in 2013 with Kurt Busch and again in 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018 with Truex. From 2016 to 2018 Furniture Row Racing had a technical alliance with fellow Toyota team Joe Gibbs Racing; previously, from 2010 until the end of 2015, the team had an alliance with Richard Childress Racing under the Chevrolet banner. Following the 2018 season, Furniture Row Racing closed its doors and sold its charter to Spire Sports + Entertainment, which is currently competing as Spire Motorsports. Much of the former FRR team currently operates under Falci Adaptive Motorsports, a nonprofit organization dedicated to providing adaptive motor racing to people with physical disabilities. Car No. 77/87 history 2008 Furniture Row Racing entered a second car for the first time in 2008, entering the No. 87 car for Kenny Wallace for the Daytona 500. In early 2008, Wallace returned to Furniture Row to drive in the Daytona 500 in a car that was supposed to serve as a safety net for Nemechek in case his team didn't make the field. Instead, Nemechek locked himself into the field with a third place qualifying run, and Wallace secured a spot in the race in the Gatorade Duels. Car No. 87 results Erik Jones (2017) On August 7, 2016, Furniture Row Racing announced that Erik Jones would compete full-time in the Cup Series with backing from 5 Hour Energy. It marked the return of the No. 77 for the first time since Charlotte fall in 2014, then operated by Randy Humphrey Racing. In December 2016, Furniture Row Racing purchased the charter of the No. 62 owned by Jay Robinson and used it for the No. 77, guaranteeing the team a spot in every race of the 2017 season. Jones was on loan from Joe Gibbs Racing. In the Coca-Cola 600, Jones had a career best finish in 7th place, but Austin Dillon would go onto win the race. At Pocono Jones improved his best career finish and collected his first top 5 finish by finishing 3rd. At Kentucky, Jones took a 6th-place finish for his fifth top ten of the season. On July 11, it was announced that Jones would leave the team after the 2017 season for his long anticipated move to the JGR No. 20 car in 2018, but 5 Hour Energy will have to stay with the team due to the viceroy rule and Monster Energy being the series sponsor. Following Jones' announced departure, Furniture Row Racing sold their No. 77 charter to JTG Daugherty Racing for the No. 37 team and announced that they would indefinitely close the No. 77 team at the end of the season, while also saying that the 77 was not just a one-year thing. Car No. 77 results Car No. 78 history Early years (2005–2008) Furniture Row Racing made its NASCAR debut in the Busch Series at Nashville Superspeedway in 2005 with Jerry Robertson driving, starting 24th and finishing 33rd. Robertson ran ten races with the team in 2005, his best finish being a 22nd at California Speedway. The team made two NEXTEL Cup appearances as well, with Kenny Wallace debuting the team at Dover International Speedway, and Robertson running at Phoenix International Raceway. Wallace was scheduled to drive the first five races in 2006, with Robertson filling out the rest of the schedule. At the 2006 Daytona 500, Wallace failed to put the No. 78 Furniture Row car in the field. Wallace qualified for the next two races, at California Speedway and Las Vegas Motor Speedway, finishing 41st and 38th, respectively. However, the performance of the team was not good enough to make the top 35 in points, and the team ran with various drivers for the rest of the year; Jimmy Spencer (both Pocono races) and Travis Kvapil (at road courses) also drove the car. FRR also teamed up with PPI Motorsports to share equipment and resources throughout the season. Robertson competed in select Busch Series events in 2006, his best finish being 29th. Wallace was hired to continue to be the full-time driver in 2007. He had two sixth-place starts that season, but was released in August 2007. After Scott Wimmer and Sterling Marlin failed to qualify in the following weeks, Joe Nemechek was named the permanent driver. FRR completed a three-year contract with Nemechek (2008–2010) towards the end of the season. Nemechek locked himself into the field with a third place qualifying run in the 2008 Daytona 500. At the spring Talladega race, he gave the team their first pole. In the fall race at that track, Nemechek gave FRR its then-best finish ever of 11th. Regan Smith (2009–2012) For 2009, the team announced it would cut back to a part-time schedule due to financial constraints. Nemechek was to remain as the driver, but the team bought out the rest of his contract after he refused to run a partial schedule. Regan Smith ran 18 races in the No. 78 car in 2009. FRR resumed full-time duties in 2010. The team aligned with Richard Childress Racing and earned top 35 status for the first five races of 2010 by purchasing the owner points from RCR's No. 07 car. Childress was listed as the official owner of the No. 78. On November 15, 2010, the Furniture Row Racing transporter and motorcoach were destroyed in an accident on Interstate 25 about forty miles from the team's Denver headquarters. Richard Childress Racing provided the team a fully equipped transporter for Furniture Row's use at Homestead. At the 2011 Daytona 500, Smith gave Furniture Row its first top ten, with a seventh-place finish. On May 7, 2011, Smith gave Furniture Row its first top five finish, and first victory, at Darlington Raceway in the Southern 500, holding off Carl Edwards. In 2012, the team struggled mightily, and Pete Rondeau was replaced as crew chief by former RCR crew chief Todd Berrier before Indy. The addition of Berrier resulted in the first back to back top-10 finishes (both 9th places) for FRR and Smith. Kurt Busch (2012–2013) Despite Berrier bringing Smith two top ten finishes and one top-five finish, manager Joe Garone announced that Smith would be replaced by Kurt Busch beginning with the 2012 Bank of America 500 at Charlotte. In the 2013 season, Busch improved the status of Furniture Row as a team, with the car becoming more competitive and running in contention more frequently than not. In the first 26 races, Busch recorded 8 top five and 13 top ten finishes, and one pole position (at Darlington in May). These were statistics easily comparable to drivers who were running with the powerhouse teams. The team also had low points, such as a scary wreck in the May race at Talladega that saw Busch flip over and land on top of Ryan Newman in turn 3 with six laps to go. A number of poor finishes, and errors like crashes at New Hampshire and Martinsville, plus a dead battery while leading under a red flag at the Coca-Cola 600, kept the team hovering on the Chase bubble. A streak of top ten finishes by Busch in August, combined with a second-place finish at Richmond, secured the team a Chase berth entry. This marked Busch's eighth season making the Chase. This also made Furniture Row Racing the first ever single car team to race into the Chase. The car was sponsored by Furniture Row for most of the season, except at Talladega that October, when the car was sponsored by Wonder Bread, in tribute to Talladega Nights: The Ballad of Ricky Bobby. This was the second time Busch has driven a car with a Talladega Nights-based paint job at Talladega, with the other time being a car based on the "ME" paint job in May 2012 during his tenure with Phoenix Racing. Martin Truex Jr. (2014–2018) In August 2013, it was announced that Busch would not be returning to FRR for 2014, as he had signed with Gene Haas to drive with Stewart-Haas Racing starting at the 2014 Daytona 500. The team also announced that they had extended their alliance with RCR. For close to two months, speculation over who would replace Busch at Furniture Row had suggested Juan Pablo Montoya to be the most likely candidate, as Montoya was to be replaced in the No. 42 at Chip Ganassi Racing by Kyle Larson. Other potential candidates being Jeff Burton and Bobby Labonte, veterans who had not yet secured rides for 2014. However, Montoya eventually announced that he would join Team Penske in the IndyCar Series. In early October, after Michael Waltrip Racing announced that their No. 56 team was being cut to a part-time team due to the loss of NAPA Auto Parts as a sponsor in the fallout from the Spingate scandal at Richmond, it was reported that Furniture Row was in talks with Martin Truex Jr. to potentially sign him. Prior to the November race at Texas, it was announced and confirmed that Truex had signed a multi-year deal to drive for FRR beginning at the 2014 Daytona 500. The announcement also added that FRR had hired all of the crewmen from Truex's MWR team as well. The team's performance declined slightly in 2014, with Truex scoring only five top tens, leading only one lap and finishing 24th in the standings. At the end of the season, the team released crew chief Todd Berrier, hiring rookie crew chief Cole Pearn. Truex's performance dramatically improved during the 2015 season, largely due to the new driver-crew chief relationship between Truex and Cole Pearn. During the Daytona 500, Truex led one lap and finished 8th. Truex earned nine top tens throughout the first 10 races, finishing second at Las Vegas. He led the most laps at Kansas and appeared on his way to a win, when a poor pit stop shuffled him to a ninth-place finish. After leading the most laps for four-consecutive races, Truex and Furniture Row finally broke into victory lane, winning the Axalta "We Paint Winners" 400 at Pocono Raceway in June getting Furniture Row Racing its 1st Sprint Cup victory since the Southern 500 in 2011 and breaking a 69 race winless streak for Truex. The win locked Truex and the team into the Chase for the Sprint Cup for 2015 and put him second in the standings. The next week, Truex would finish 3rd in a rain shortened race at Michigan International Speedway becoming the first driver since Richard Petty in 1969 to score 14 top 10s in the first 15 races of the season. Truex would not visit victory lane for the rest of the year but did score a total of 22 top 10s, including 8 top 5s, and finished 4th in the championship standings after racing his way to the championship 4 at Homestead. On September 27, 2015, it was confirmed that Truex had re-signed with Furniture Row for 2016 and beyond. The team also announced a switch to Toyota in 2016, receiving a technical alliance with Joe Gibbs Racing and engines from Toyota Racing Development. Truex would win his second race with Furniture Row on May 29, 2016 after leading a record-breaking 392 of 400 laps of the Coca-Cola 600 at Charlotte. Truex was able to score his first multi-win season as he won the Southern 500 at Darlington and then scored off a victory at Chicagoland passing leader Ryan Blaney with 4 laps to go. Truex scored his fourth win of the season two races later at Dover, However, for the 78, the car lost the engine at Talladega, cutting the car from the Chase. At the 2017 Daytona 500, Truex was the race leader with two laps to go, but Kyle Larson passed him in the second turn and Truex ended up finishing 13th. At Las Vegas, Truex led the most laps (150) and became the first NASCAR driver to win all three stages. Truex and Brad Keselowski battled for the win late and with two to go, Keselowski had engine trouble and Truex scored his first victory of the season. At Kansas, Truex battled with Ryan Blaney all night and led the most laps with 104, beating out Blaney. At the Coca-Cola 600, Truex dominated, leading 273 laps while Erik Jones had a career best finish in seventh place, but Austin Dillon eventually won the race. Truex dominated again at Kentucky, winning all three stages and leading the most laps, battling Kyle Busch on several restarts throughout the race for the win. At the 2017 Brickyard 400, Truex battled Busch for the lead late in the race, but accidentally wrecked Busch, taking both himself and Busch out of the race and foiling Busch from being the first driver in the history of the speedway to three-peat. The wreck caused a lot of controversy in the Toyota operation. Following the incident, Furniture Row Racing and Joe Gibbs Racing suspended three No. 78 crew members for confronting Busch's crew chief Adam Stevens. Following all of their success throughout the playoffs and regular season, the No. 78 team won the 2017 Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series at Homestead after leading a fitting 78 laps. Truex started off the season with an 18th-place finish in the Daytona 500, after being caught up in a late race wreck. For the next few weeks, he picked up top five finishes in five straight races, including two poles, and a win at California. Truex scored three additional wins at Pocono, Sonoma, and Kentucky. He stayed consistent enough to make it to the Championship 4. Truex finished second at Homestead and in the points standings. On September 4, 2018, Barney Visser announced that with the loss of major sponsor 5-hour Energy, he had no choice but to announce that the team would cease operation at the end of the 2018 season, one year after winning their first championship title. On November 7, 2018, it was announced that Truex and Pearn would move to the No. 19 team of Joe Gibbs Racing. The No. 78's charter was eventually sold to Spire Sports + Entertainment on December 4, 2018, and currently runs in the Cup Series as Spire Motorsports No. 77. Car No. 78 results Wins Monster Energy Cup Series References External links Official Furniture Row site 2005 establishments in Colorado 2018 disestablishments in Colorado Auto racing teams in the United States Companies based in Denver Defunct sports clubs and teams in Colorado Defunct NASCAR teams Auto racing teams established in 2005 Auto racing teams disestablished in 2018 Sports clubs and teams in Denver American companies disestablished in 2018 American companies established in 2005
30820091	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A8ge%20International%20Exposition%20%281905%29	Liège International Exposition (1905)	The Liège International Exposition () was a world's fair held in Liège, Belgium, from 27 April to 6 November 1905 just 8 years after a Belgian exposition held in Brussels. Intended to show Liège's industrial importance it also marked 75 years of Belgian Independence and 40 years of Leopold II's reign. The exposition received 7 million visitors, covered 52 acres and made 75,117 Belgian francs. Participants and exhibits Twenty-nine countries were official participants, from Europe: Austria, Bulgaria, Denmark, France, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Luxembourg, Montenegro, Norway, Netherlands, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom; from Africa: Egypt and Congo Free State; from America: Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Cuba, and the United States; and from Asia China, Japan, Persia and Turkey. Germany and Spain were unofficial participants There was an exhibition of medieval and Renaissance art, L'art ancien au Pays de Liège, as part of the event. Ulrikke Greve' Nordenfjeldske Kunstindustrimuseums Vævskole contributed tapestries which won a gold prize. Legacy The Palais des Beaux Arts building was left to the city, and housed the Musee d'Art Moderne et d'Art Contemporaine. After closing in 2013, in May 2016 it reopened, with a contemporary glass extension, as La Boverie. Music A piece by Jean-Théodore Radoux entitled Cantate pour l'inauguration de l'Exposition universelle de Liège, 1905, with words by Jules Sauvenière, was written for the expo. See also Colonial exhibition The Walloon Movement External links Official website of the BIE A poster advertising France's involvement in the exhibition References World's fairs in Liège 1905 in Belgium History of Liège Culture in Liège

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