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In other words, dissociations of a neutral molecule RX can take place in the gas phase via the intermediacy of radical pairs , where X· can be as small as a hydrogen atom. In the gas phase such intermediates are often called roaming radicals. == Sources == | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
For heteronuclear diatomic molecules, the u/g symbol does not correspond to any exact symmetry of the electronic molecular Hamiltonian. In the case of less symmetric molecules the molecular term symbol contains the symbol of the group representation to which the molecular electronic state belongs. It has the general fo... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
However, even the same cartridge (one that is interchangeable between specific rifles and handguns) fired from a rifle will, in almost all common cases, have a higher velocity than when fired from a handgun. This is due to the longer period of acceleration available within the longer gun barrel of rifles, which allow a... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In geometry, the Thomson cubic of a triangle is the locus of centers of circumconics whose normals at the vertices are concurrent. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In graph theory, particularly in the theory of hypergraphs, the line graph of a hypergraph H, denoted L(H), is the graph whose vertex set is the set of the hyperedges of H, with two vertices adjacent in L(H) when their corresponding hyperedges have a nonempty intersection in H. In other words, L(H) is the intersection ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The regions of space nearest each vertex of the graph are congruent 17-sided polyhedra that tile space. Its edges lie on diagonals of the regular skew polyhedron, a surface with six squares meeting at each integer point of space. Several crystalline chemicals have known or predicted structures in the form of the Laves ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The centre wavelength is the power-weighted mean wavelength: λ c = 1 P t o t a l ∫ p ( λ ) λ d λ {\displaystyle \lambda _{c}={\frac {1}{P_{total}}}\int p(\lambda )\lambda \,d\lambda } And the total power is: P t o t a l = ∫ p ( λ ) d λ {\displaystyle P_{total}=\int p(\lambda )d\lambda } where p ( λ ) {\displaystyle p(\... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The sharp series is a series of spectral lines in the atomic emission spectrum caused when electrons descend from higher-energy s orbitals of an atom to the lowest available p orbital. The spectral lines include some in the visible light, and they extend into the ultraviolet. The lines get closer and closer together as... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The scale step may also precisely be derived from using 50:28 (25:14, 1003.8 cents, A♯, ) to approximate the interval 3:2⁄5:4, which equals 6:5 (E♭, 315.64 cents, ). Thus the step is approximately 13.946 cents, and there are 86.049 steps per octave. 50 log 2 ( 3 2 ) + 28 log 2 ( 5 4 ) + 23 log 2 ( 6 5 ) 50 2 + 28... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Thus the step is approximately 35.099 cents and there are 34.1895 per octave. 20 log 2 ( 3 / 2 ) + 11 log 2 ( 5 / 4 ) + 9 log 2 ( 6 / 5 ) 20 2 + 11 2 + 9 2 = 0.0292487852 {\displaystyle {\frac {20\log _{2}{(3/2)}+11\log _{2}{(5/4)}+9\log _{2}{(6/5)}}{20^{2}+11^{2}+9^{2}}}=0.0292487852} and 0.0292487852 × 1200 = 3... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Friction of distance is a core principle of geography that states that movement incurs some form of cost, in the form of physical effort, energy, time, and/or the expenditure of other resources, and that these costs are proportional to the distance traveled. This cost is thus a resistance against movement, analogous (b... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Sphingids have been much studied for their flying ability, especially their ability to move rapidly from side to side while hovering, called "swing-hovering" or "side-slipping". This is thought to have evolved to deal with ambush predators that lie in wait in flowers.Sphingids are some of the faster flying insects; som... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Lower orbits have significant air-drag, which makes frequent orbit reboost maneuvers necessary. The Earth observation satellites ERS-1, ERS-2 and Envisat of European Space Agency as well as the MetOp spacecraft of EUMETSAT are all operated at altitudes of about 800 km (500 mi). The Proba-1, Proba-2 and SMOS spacecraft ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Typically common are presses with a leverage of 1–5 tons. This leverage is achieved when a force is applied to the lever arm or wheel. Arbor presses can be mounted on a work bench, wall, or pedestal. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
A hydraulic valve block regulates the oil flow and the oil pressure to the correct amount of the hydraulic motor leave. The movement is transferred to one of the two crushing jaws, the other stops.Crusher buckets can differ in size and weight (1,500–5,620 kilograms (3,310–12,390 lb)) and volume (0.5–1.05 cubic metres (... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
From Boltzmann's equation one may also analytical derive (analytical) mathematical models for properties characteristic to fluids such as viscosity, thermal conductivity, and electrical conductivity (by treating the charge carriers in a material as a gas). See also convection–diffusion equation. The mathematics is so c... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The basis of the method is the approximation that the corner frequency of the amplifier is determined by the term in the denominator of its transfer function that is linear in frequency. This approximation can be extremely inaccurate in some cases where a zero in the numerator is near in frequency.The method also uses ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The capture of residual thermal energy is at best 30% to date, which comes to overall efficiency of 51% at best |date=June 2022}}. Fuel cell systems are capable of reaching efficiencies in the range of 55%–70%. However, as with any process, fuel cells also experience inherent losses due to their design and manufacturin... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Matter waves are a central part of the theory of quantum mechanics, being half of wave–particle duality. All matter exhibits wave-like behavior. For example, a beam of electrons can be diffracted just like a beam of light or a water wave. The concept that matter behaves like a wave was proposed by French physicist Loui... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Tin(IV) chloride, also known as tin tetrachloride or stannic chloride, is an inorganic compound with the formula SnCl4. It is a colorless hygroscopic liquid, which fumes on contact with air. It is used as a precursor to other tin compounds. It was first discovered by Andreas Libavius (1550–1616) and was known as spirit... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
An electric motor is an electrical machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. Most electric motors operate through the interaction between the motor's magnetic field and electric current in a wire winding to generate force in the form of torque applied on the motor's shaft. An electric generator is... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
A magnet motor or magnetic motor is a type of perpetual motion machine, which is intended to generate a rotation by means of permanent magnets in stator and rotor without external energy supply. Such a motor is theoretically as well as practically not realizable. The idea of functioning magnetic motors has been promote... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In electromagnetics, the catapult description of magnetic forces refers to when a current is passed through a loose wire in a magnetic field. The loose wire is then catapulted horizontally away from the magnetic field. This occurs due to the Lorentz force acting on the electric current in the wire due to the magnetic f... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The Pendellösung effect or phenomenon is seen in diffraction in which there is a beating in the intensity of electromagnetic waves travelling within a crystal lattice. It was predicted by P. P. Ewald in 1916 and first observed in electron diffraction of magnesium oxide in 1942.At the exit surface of a photonic crystal ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The unknown inductance then becomes known in terms of this capacitance. With reference to the picture, in a typical application R 1 {\displaystyle R_{1}} and R 4 {\displaystyle R_{4}} are known fixed entities, and R 2 {\displaystyle R_{2}} and C 2 {\displaystyle C_{2}} are known variable entities. R 2 {\displaystyle R_... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
A Taylor column is a fluid dynamics phenomenon that occurs as a result of the Coriolis effect. It was named after Geoffrey Ingram Taylor. Rotating fluids that are perturbed by a solid body tend to form columns parallel to the axis of rotation called Taylor columns. An object moving parallel to the axis of rotation in a... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In atomic physics, the effective nuclear charge is the actual amount of positive (nuclear) charge experienced by an electron in a multi-electron atom. The term "effective" is used because the shielding effect of negatively charged electrons prevent higher energy electrons from experiencing the full nuclear charge of th... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The test limits should also consider semiconductor components within the subsystem that may be activated by the potentials imposed by each type of test instrumentation. A minimum acceptable resistance value is usually specified (typically in the mega ohm (MΩ) range per circuit tested). Multiple circuits having a common... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Four of its edges belong to 6 cells, and two edges belong to 4 cells. The tetrahedral disphenoid honeycomb is the dual of the uniform bitruncated cubic honeycomb. Its vertices form the A*3 / D*3 lattice, which is also known as the body-centered cubic lattice. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In Euclidean geometry, the radical axis of two non-concentric circles is the set of points whose power with respect to the circles are equal. For this reason the radical axis is also called the power line or power bisector of the two circles. In detail: For two circles c1, c2 with centers M1, M2 and radii r1, r2 the po... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
A train horn is an air horn used as an audible warning device on diesel and electric-powered trains. Its primary purpose is to alert persons and animals to an oncoming train, especially when approaching a level crossing. They are often extremely loud, allowing them to be heard from great distances. They are also used f... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
This ride is also known for its loud horn which is similar to that of a diesel train engine that blasts its loud roar when the ride reaches maximum speed. Also akin to a train, the seamed track creates the same rail "click-clack" railway sound, particularly at the lower section of track in the front. Additionally, the ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The metal evaporates upon being heated resistively or irradiated with an electron beam. The apparatus operates under high vacuum. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Essentially, this is a form of Cherenkov radiation where the phase velocity of the light has been altered by the periodic grating. However, unlike Cherenkov radiation, there is no minimum or threshold particle velocity. Smith–Purcell radiation is particularly attractive for applications involving non-destructive beam d... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
It takes the seven planets between about 1.5 and 19 days to orbit around the star in circular orbits. They are likely tidally locked to TRAPPIST-1, such that one side of each planet always faces the star, leading to permanent day on one side and permanent night on the other. Their masses are comparable to that of Earth... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
A siren disk is used in pneumatic sirens and has holes which are variously spaced apart. When the disk is spun in front of a jet of air, the holes modulate the air-jet which produces a sound. The pitch of a siren is produced by "the frequency of the impulses of compressed air passing through the openings in a rotating ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In physics, thermal contact conductance is the study of heat conduction between solid or liquid bodies in thermal contact. The thermal contact conductance coefficient, h c {\displaystyle h_{c}} , is a property indicating the thermal conductivity, or ability to conduct heat, between two bodies in contact. The inverse of... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In the midlatitudes, the typical value for f {\displaystyle f} is about 10−4 rad/s. Inertial oscillations on the surface of the earth have this frequency. These oscillations are the result of the Coriolis effect. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
It is sometimes given the symbol Voc. In network analysis this voltage is also known as the Thévenin voltage. The open-circuit voltages of batteries and solar cells are often quoted under particular conditions (state-of-charge, illumination, temperature, etc.). The potential difference mentioned for batteries and cells... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The parallel axis theorem, also known as Huygens–Steiner theorem, or just as Steiner's theorem, named after Christiaan Huygens and Jakob Steiner, can be used to determine the moment of inertia or the second moment of area of a rigid body about any axis, given the body's moment of inertia about a parallel axis through t... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Behind the pendulum and near its top is a standard aneroid barometer, and below that a mercury thermometer. These would have been used when checking the clocks’ rate, which depends on both atmospheric temperature and pressure. To the left of the pendulum is the Civil Time Unit (CTU). | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The only wavelength and technique independent scale is in reciprocal space units or momentum transfer Q, which is historically rarely used in powder diffraction but very common in all other diffraction and optics techniques. The relation is Q = 4 π sin ( θ ) λ . {\displaystyle Q={\frac {4\pi \sin \left(\theta \right)... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
These spiders are small; the females range from 5.3 mm to 7.5 mm, and the males range from 3.6 mm to 4 mm. The webs of these spiders are characterized by a vertical stripe running down the center. This stripe, or stabilimentum, is composed of dead prey and other debris and is used as a hiding place for the spider. The ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
A trap line is used by some orb weaver spiders as a mechanism to alert them of a newly captured prey in their web.They spin a line of silk and attach it to the center of the web. The spider then stays near it and waits for their prey, most likely a small insect such as a fly or mosquito, to stick to their web. The prey... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The wire now exhibits a very large magnetic hysteresis: If a magnet is brought near the wire, the high coercivity outer shell excludes the magnetic field from the inner soft core until the magnetic threshold is reached, whereupon the entire wire — both the outer shell and inner core — rapidly switches magnetisation pol... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Energy drift is similar to parametric resonance in that a finite, discrete timestepping scheme will result in nonphysical, limited sampling of motions with frequencies close to the frequency of velocity updates. Thus the restriction on the maximum step size that will be stable for a given system is proportional to the ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In electrical engineering, the maximum power transfer theorem states that, to obtain maximum external power from a power source with internal resistance, the resistance of the load must equal the resistance of the source as viewed from its output terminals. Moritz von Jacobi published the maximum power (transfer) theor... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In chemistry, a sample's oxygen–argon ratio (or oxygen/argon ratio) is a comparison between the concentrations of oxygen (O2) and the noble gas argon (Ar), either in air or dissolved in a liquid such as seawater. The two gases have very similar physical properties such as solubility and diffusivity, as well as a simila... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The principle is that after completing its cycle in the first engine, the working fluid (the exhaust) is still hot enough that a second subsequent heat engine can extract energy from the heat in the exhaust. Usually the heat passes through a heat exchanger so that the two engines can use different working fluids. By ge... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Louis Victor Pierre Raymond, 7th Duc de Broglie (, also US: , French: or ; 15 August 1892 – 19 March 1987) was a French physicist and aristocrat who made groundbreaking contributions to quantum theory. In his 1924 PhD thesis, he postulated the wave nature of electrons and suggested that all matter has wave properties... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The idea that one can derive descriptions of physics at different length scales from one another can be quantified with the renormalization group. In quantum mechanics the length scale of a given phenomenon is related to its de Broglie wavelength ℓ = ℏ / p {\displaystyle \ell =\hbar /p} where ℏ {\displaystyle \hbar } i... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The hoop conjecture, proposed by Kip Thorne in 1972, states that an imploding object forms a black hole when, and only when, a circular hoop with a specific critical circumference could be placed around the object and rotated about its diameter. In simpler terms, the entirety of the object's mass must be compressed to ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
According to the laws of quantum mechanics, for systems with only one electron, a level of energy is associated with each electron configuration and in certain conditions, electrons are able to move from one configuration to another by the emission or absorption of a quantum of energy, in the form of a photon.Knowledge... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The formula used for conversion is: 1 D a = m u = M u N A = M ( 12 C ) 12 N A = 1.660 539 066 60 ( 50 ) × 10 − 27 k g , {\displaystyle 1\ {\rm {Da}}=m_{\rm {u}}={M_{\rm {u}} \over {N_{\rm {A}}}}={M(^{12}\mathrm {C} ) \over {12\ N_{\rm {A}}}}=1.660\ 539\ 066\ 60(50)\times 10^{-27}\ \mathrm {kg} ,} where M u {\displaysty... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In heat transfer, the thermal conductivity of a substance, k, is an intensive property that indicates its ability to conduct heat. For most materials, the amount of heat conducted varies (usually non-linearly) with temperature.Thermal conductivity is often measured with laser flash analysis. Alternative measurements ar... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The interaction excites or ionizes the atoms, leading to an energy loss of the traveling particle. The non-relativistic version was found by Hans Bethe in 1930; the relativistic version (shown below) was found by him in 1932. The most probable energy loss differs from the mean energy loss and is described by the Landau... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In other words, a shorter pipe produces higher notes. For a pipe with no tone holes but open at both ends, the effective length is the physical length of the pipe plus a little more for the small volumes of air just beyond the ends of the pipe that are also involved in the resonance. An open hole anywhere along the mid... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Gears or other wheels have a bevel on either side of the hub of the wheel. A special sheet metal angle fits into this chamfer, and when the wheel is mounted on an axle, this sheet metal angle will fit into the groove on the axle. The design allows the wheel to be fixed on the axle and the stop screws on the wheel only ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The LeRoy radius, derived by Robert J. LeRoy, defines the internuclear distance between two atoms at which LeRoy-Bernstein theory (sometimes called near-dissociation theory) becomes valid. LeRoy-Bernstein theory is a semi-classical (WKB) approach for describing vibrational energy levels near the molecular dissociation ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Conductor gallop is the high-amplitude, low-frequency oscillation of overhead power lines due to wind. The movement of the wires occurs most commonly in the vertical plane, although horizontal or rotational motion is also possible. The natural frequency mode tends to be around 1 Hz, leading the often graceful periodic ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Extensive algebra yields an interference term in the intensity of the resultant wave, namely: I 12 = ϵ v E 01 ⋅ E 02 cos δ {\displaystyle I_{12}=\epsilon v\mathbf {E_{01}\cdot E_{02}} \cos \delta } , where δ = ( k 1 ⋅ r − k 2 ⋅ r + ϵ 1 − ϵ 2 ) {\displaystyle \delta =(\mathbf {k_{1}\cdot r-k_{2}\cdot r} +\epsilon _{1}... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The ions and electrons of a plasma interacting with the Earth's magnetic field generally follow its magnetic field lines. These represent the force that a north magnetic pole would experience at any given point. (Denser lines indicate a stronger force.) | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The thermoelectric effect is the direct conversion of temperature differences to electric voltage and vice versa via a thermocouple. A thermoelectric device creates a voltage when there is a different temperature on each side. Conversely, when a voltage is applied to it, heat is transferred from one side to the other, ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The migration of particles is usually possible when the laser is slightly or not focused. A particle with a higher refractive index compared to its surrounding molecule moves away from the light source due to momentum transfer from absorbed and scattered light photons. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
A table or chart of nuclides is a two-dimensional graph of isotopes of the elements, in which one axis represents the number of neutrons (symbol N) and the other represents the number of protons (atomic number, symbol Z) in the atomic nucleus. Each point plotted on the graph thus represents a nuclide of a known or hypo... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Root pressure is the transverse osmotic pressure within the cells of a root system that causes sap to rise through a plant stem to the leaves.Root pressure occurs in the xylem of some vascular plants when the soil moisture level is high either at night or when transpiration is low during the daytime. When transpiration... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In mathematics, a rotation of axes in two dimensions is a mapping from an xy-Cartesian coordinate system to an x′y′-Cartesian coordinate system in which the origin is kept fixed and the x′ and y′ axes are obtained by rotating the x and y axes counterclockwise through an angle θ {\displaystyle \theta } . A point P has c... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The axis of rotation is known as an Euler axis, typically represented by a unit vector ê. Its product by the rotation angle is known as an axis-angle vector. The extension of the theorem to kinematics yields the concept of instant axis of rotation, a line of fixed points. In linear algebra terms, the theorem states tha... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
It is commonly found in the form of americium-241 dioxide (241AmO2). This isotope also has one meta state, 241mAm, with an excitation energy of 2.2 MeV (0.35 pJ) and a half-life of 1.23 μs. The presence of americium-241 in plutonium is determined by the original concentration of plutonium-241 and the sample age. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Plutonium-239 (239Pu or Pu-239) is an isotope of plutonium. Plutonium-239 is the primary fissile isotope used for the production of nuclear weapons, although uranium-235 is also used for that purpose. Plutonium-239 is also one of the three main isotopes demonstrated usable as fuel in thermal spectrum nuclear reactors, ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Molar refractivity, A {\displaystyle A} , is a measure of the total polarizability of a mole of a substance and is dependent on the temperature, the index of refraction, and the pressure. The molar refractivity is defined as A = 4 π 3 N A α , {\displaystyle A={\frac {4\pi }{3}}N_{A}\alpha ,} where N A ≈ 6.022 × 10 23 {... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In geometry, a disk (also spelled disc) is the region in a plane bounded by a circle. A disk is said to be closed if it contains the circle that constitutes its boundary, and open if it does not.For a radius, r {\displaystyle r} , an open disk is usually denoted as D r {\displaystyle D_{r}} and a closed disk is D r ¯ {... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In geometry, a central triangle is a triangle in the plane of the reference triangle the trilinear coordinates of whose vertices relative to the reference triangle are expressible in a certain cyclical way in terms of two functions having the same degree of homogeneity. At least one of the two functions must be a trian... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
HFC-23 is a very potent greenhouse gas with a GWP100 of 14,800. The secondary GWP of R-1234ze would then be in the range of 1,400±700 considering the amount of HFC-23 which may form from HFO-1234ze in the atmosphere. Besides the global warming potential, when HFOs decompose in the atmosphere, trifluoroacetic acid (TFA(... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
All three values are about 6,371 kilometres (3,959 mi). Other ways to define and measure the Earth's radius involve the radius of curvature. A few definitions yield values outside the range between the polar radius and equatorial radius because they include local or geoidal topography or because they depend on abstract... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In electronics, a common-base (also known as grounded-base) amplifier is one of three basic single-stage bipolar junction transistor (BJT) amplifier topologies, typically used as a current buffer or voltage amplifier. In this circuit the emitter terminal of the transistor serves as the input, the collector as the outpu... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Since there is no absorption this system is reversible, as shown in the second picture (where the direction of the beams has been reversed). If this reversed process were actually taking place, there will be parts of the incoming fields (rE and tE) that are themselves transmitted and reflected at the boundary. In the t... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The simplest model is two-rays which predicts signal variation resulting from a ground reflection interfering with the loss path. This model is applicable in isolated areas with some reflectors, such as rural roads or hallway. The above two-rays approach can easily be extended to add as many rays as required. We may ad... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Spectral index is also sometimes defined in terms of wavelength λ {\displaystyle \lambda } . In this case, the spectral index α {\displaystyle \alpha } is given implicitly by S λ ∝ λ α , {\displaystyle S_{\lambda }\propto \lambda ^{\alpha },} and at a given frequency, spectral index may be calculated by taking the deri... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
, Y m } {\displaystyle Y=\{Y_{1},Y_{2},...,Y_{m}\}} with unknown means { θ 1 , θ 2 , . . . | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The coefficients of self-inversive polynomials satisfy the relations. p k = ω p ¯ n − k , 0 ⩽ k ⩽ n . {\displaystyle p_{k}=\omega {\bar {p}}_{n-k},\qquad 0\leqslant k\leqslant n.} | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
, a n − 1 {\displaystyle a_{1},...,a_{n-1}} , such that some or all of the transformed intermediate coefficients, a 1 ′ , . . . | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The Haber process, also called the Haber–Bosch process, is the main industrial procedure for the production of ammonia. It is named after its inventors, the German chemists: Fritz Haber and Carl Bosch, who developed it in the first decade of the 20th century. The process converts atmospheric nitrogen (N2) to ammonia (N... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In Riemannian geometry, the cut locus of a point p {\displaystyle p} in a manifold is roughly the set of all other points for which there are multiple minimizing geodesics connecting them from p {\displaystyle p} , but it may contain additional points where the minimizing geodesic is unique, under certain circumstances... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
It crystallises in the monoclinic crystal system in space group P21/m with parameters a = 547.3 pm, b = 637.2 pm, c = 341.6 pm, and β = 91°. Each unit cell contains two cyanate ions and two silver ions. The silver ions are each equidistant from two nitrogen atoms forming a straight N–Ag–N group. The nitrogen atoms are ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The meridian 76° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Asia, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole. The 76th meridian east forms a great circle with the 104th meridian west. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Anaerobic microorganisms dechlorinate PCBs first, and other microorganisms that are capable of doing BH pathway can break down the dechlorinated PCBs to usable intermediates like acyl-CoA or carbon dioxide. If no BH pathway-capable microorganisms are present, dechlorinated PCBs can be mineralized with help of fungi and... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The rate of surface rotation is observed to be the fastest at the equator (latitude φ = 0°) and to decrease as latitude increases. The solar rotation period is 24.47 days at the equator and almost 38 days at the poles. The average rotation is 28 days.Current Carrington Rotation: CR2275 | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
In computing, a code page is a character encoding and as such it is a specific association of a set of printable characters and control characters with unique numbers. Typically each number represents the binary value in a single byte. (In some contexts these terms are used more precisely; see Character encoding § Char... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
A public key infrastructure (PKI) is a set of roles, policies, hardware, software and procedures needed to create, manage, distribute, use, store and revoke digital certificates and manage public-key encryption. The purpose of a PKI is to facilitate the secure electronic transfer of information for a range of network a... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
public key infrastructure - (PKI) a set of roles, policies, hardware, software and procedures needed to create, manage, distribute, use, store and revoke digital certificates and manage public-key encryption. pre-placed key - (NSA) large numbers of keys (perhaps a year's supply) that are loaded into an encryption devic... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The decryption function cannot be used in such manner for keeping whole resultant data until successful verification. The keysize of MULTI-S01 is determined by which keystream generator to use. MULTI-S01 takes a security parameter which determines the upperbound probability of successful forgery. | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
The original Act contained 94 sections, divided into 13 chapters and 4 schedules out of which the third schedule and fourth schedule are omitted.The laws apply to the whole of India. If a crime involves a computer or network located in India, persons of other nationalities can also be indicted under the law, .The Act p... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Primary legislation and secondary legislation (the latter also called delegated legislation or subordinate legislation) are two forms of law, created respectively by the legislative and executive branches of governments in representative democracies. Primary legislation generally consists of statutes, also known as 'ac... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
It is not only about telling the truth but also about applying ultimate truth to each situation. For example, Friends (Quakers) believe that integrity requires avoiding statements that are technically true but misleading. The word testimony is used to refer to the ways in which Friends testify or bear witness to their ... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
AM broadcasting is radio broadcasting using amplitude modulation (AM) transmissions. It was the first method developed for making audio radio transmissions, and is still used worldwide, primarily for medium wave (also known as "AM band") transmissions, but also on the longwave and shortwave radio bands. The earliest ex... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
There are many fatty acids found in nature. The two essential fatty acids are omega-3 and omega-6, which are necessary for good human health. However, the effects of the ω-3 (omega-3) and ω-6 (omega-6) essential fatty acids (EFAs) are characterized by their interactions. The interactions between these two fatty acids d... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
Essential fatty acids, or EFAs, are fatty acids that humans and other animals must ingest because the body requires them for good health, but cannot synthesize them.Only two fatty acids are known to be essential for humans: alpha-linolenic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid) and linoleic acid (an omega-6 fatty acid). These ar... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
DNA marking can be used to prevent thefts of objects that are hard to mark in any other way (e.g. copper cables). It can also be used to help separate between genuine and counterfeit electronics and other replacement parts. == References == | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy of a fuel (often hydrogen) and an oxidizing agent (often oxygen) into electricity through a pair of redox reactions. Fuel cells are different from most batteries in requiring a continuous source of fuel and oxygen (usually from air) to sustain the... | https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/conjuring92/wiki-stem-corpus |
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